LONGMANS^ ETYMOLOGICAL

A N D BIOGRAPHICAL

DICTIONARY

WITH A I D S TO

PRONUNCIATION A N D

N U M E R O U S APPENDICES

LONGMANS, GREEN & CO. LTD., 6 OLD COURT HOUSE STREET, CALCUTTA, 53 NICOL ROAD, BOMBAY. 167 MOUNT ROAD, MADRAS, S.C.

L O N D O N , NEW Y O R K A N D T O R O N T O .

1928

^&S3S El^''-''^^>'^)ei:i

FOREWORD.

This Dictionary, while of necessarily restricted size, is never­theless sufEciently comBi-qfeem^a>for J;he requirements of the general reader.

The Dictionary is pronouncing as well as etymological, and great pains have been taken to make if 'as accurate in pronuncia^ tion, etymology, and in meaning as possible. For this purpose the New English Dictionary has been taken as a guide, although other standard authorities have also been consulted.

Up-to-date additions to vocabulary and scientific terms now mingling in the main stream of our language have been in­cluded, while many interesting and useful appendices have been added, notably biographical sections on Artists, Composers, Scientists, Explorers, and English Authors.

In short, the general purpose kept in view has been to make the book as concise and clear, yet comprehensive, accurate, and instructive, as possible.

The following points should be noted :—

1. When a word may be used as more than one part of speech, the rneanings applicable to one of these are separated from those applicable to another by a semicolon, ll.g., As-sent', agree to ; act of agreeing to.

2. Letters without influence on the pronunciation of words liable to be wrongly spoken by virtue of their insertion are printed in italics, as in Beau'ty. But letters which, though not themselves sounded, influence the pronunciation of other letters, as gh in Eight, e in Case, are not so marked.

3. Common combinations of letters anomalously sounded, as tion in Mo'tion, etc., are not specially marked.

IV. TVOKKWORD

4. Less common anomalies are noted, as Be-lov'ed (o = u); Ea'ti-o t = s/i); Lieu-ten'ant ieu = ef); Pae'an (ae = es); Gimp g hard) ; Cam'bric a = ai).

5. Quito anomalous pronunciations are given more fully in brackets after the word, as Corps (core); Cha-grin' (sha-green); Ae'gis (ae'Jis).

6. Indications of the pronunciation of vowels are to be under­stood thus :—ai (like a in mate) ; a (like a in fa t ) ; ah (like a in father); aiu (like aw in law); ee (like ee in seen); e (like e in get) ; t (like i in pin) ; i (like i in mine) ; o (like o in dot); 6 (like 0 in hole); oo (like oo in poor); ow (lilce oiv in now); ii (like t4 in nu t ) ; u (like M in pure).

1. I n certain cases where new words are formed by prefixes, some such words are given in lists without meanings.

8. Etymology is given in square brackets after the word. This, as a rule, helps to clarify and fix the meaning which follows. Where advisable long vowels in Latin and Greek are marked thus : habere, aide.

CONTENTS.

FOREWORD . . . .

K E Y TO ABBREVIATIONS .

ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY SOME CURRENT WORDS AND PHRASES

CLASSICAL AND FOREIGN WORDS AND PHRASES

CLASSICAL NAMES

LATIN BOOTS

GREEK ROOTS

LATIN PREFIXES

LATIN SUFFIXES .

GREEK PREFIXES .

GREEK SUFFIXES .

ENGLISH PREFIXES

ENGLISH SUFFIXES

ABBREVIATIONS AND CONTRACTIONS

SPELLING HINTS

BIOGUAPHICAL DICTIONARY ENGLISH AUTHORS AND THEIR WORKS

GREAT ARTISTS

GREAT COMPOSERS .

GREAT SCIENTISTS .

GREAT EXPLORERS .

GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED

FORMS OP ADDRESS

ROMAN 'NUMERALS

MATHEMATICAL SIGNS

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

METRIC SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

SOME COMMON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES WITH THEIR

METRIC EQUIVALENTS

STANDARD COINS OF OTHER COUNTRIES "AND THEIR (PAR

VALUES . . . . .

RAILWAY GAUGES

KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS.

abbr., abbrey., abbreviation

ace., accusative adj. , adjective A.K., Anglo-French A. Norm., Anglo-Norman Amer.-Ind., American-

Indian Ang., Anglian app., apparent ly Arab., Arabic arch., archaic Ary., Aryan assim., assimilate,

assimilated Assyr., Assyrian aug., augmentat ive

Boh., Bohemian Braz., Brazilian Bret., Breton

c , L. c i rca=about o c , centuries of., compare Chin., Chinese cogn., cognate coll., collectively colloq., colloquial com., common comb., combined,

combination, etc. comp?, compound compar., comparative conn., connected contr., contraction Corn., Cornish corr., corruption

Dan., Danish deriv., derivative dial., dialectic dim., diminutive Du., Dutch dub. , dubious

1;;^ J English eccl., ecclesiastical Egypt. , Egypt ian erron., erroneously esp., especially etym., etymology e x c , except

F., French fam., familiar fom., feminine fl., flourished fr., from

frequent., f'^«<l."™t'^«^'= Fle'm., Flemish

Fries., Frisian

Gael., Gaelic gen., genitive geol., geological Qg'j. (modern) Germ.nn Gk.'.'Greok Goth., Gothic

Heb., Hebrevt;

™ " ' l - H i n d i s t a n i hist., history Hung., Hungar ian

Icel., Icelandic i m i t , iniitiiti ve imper., imperative Ind., India, Indian inf., infinitive interj., interjection intr., intransit ive Ir., Ir ish It., I tal ian

Jap. , Japanese

L., Latin L. G., Low German Ij^^P.,-^- late Latin lowL. , low Latin lit., literal, -ly

raasc., masculine railit., mili tary M.beforeDan.,^ i a^ l^^^

L ete" -^- /mediajval M.H.G., Middle High

German mod., modern modif., modification

n., noun neg., negative N., north, northern N.B.,»ioto feeme (note well) N.F. , Norraan-French neut., neuter Norm., Norman Northumb.,

Northumbrian Norw., Norwegian

o., old O.H.G., Old High German O.N., Old Norse O.N.F., Old Norman-

French

obsol.,°l'=°l«te orig., origin, -ally

p.p., past participle part., participle per., person perh., perhaps Pers., Persian Peru v., Peruvian pi., plural Pol., Polish Polyncs., Polynesian pop., popular Port., Portuguese poss., possibly pr. p., present participle prec., preceding IJres., present prob., probabljr pron., pronunciation Prov., Provenyal prov., provincial

q.v., Latin quod vide= which see

redup., reduplicate rel., related R. and Rom., Roman,

Romance Russ., Russian

Scand., Scandinavian

ioot.,!s«°t«^ii Serv., Servian sing., singular Skr., Sanskrit

i?an.,SP^"i* S.A.Du., South African-

Dutch suf., suffix sup., supine superl., superlative Swed., Swedish

T e n t , Teutonic tr., transitive Turk., Turkish transl., translation

uncert., uncertain ult., ul t imately U.S.A., United States of

America usu., usual, -ly

var., variant , various vb., verb voc , vocative

W., Welsh w., with ! origin unknown or

obscure

Note.—An asterisk (") preceding a word denotes t ha t while no record of such a form remains t ha t form is assumed to have existed.

ETYMOLOGICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY

Aback Absolute

A-back* [a-, on, and Back], backward, by surprise.

Ab'a-cus [L* abacus; Gk. ahax (abac-os\ tablet], calculating frame with balls on wii-es.

A-ba£f [a-, on, le, by; O.B. ceftan, behind], towards the stem, behind.

A-ban'don [O.F. abandoner, to leb go; A bandon, at liberty], to leave, give up wholly. Aban'doned, Abau'donment.

A-base' [O.P. abaissier, to lower; Late L, ad^ to, bassits, thici:, short], to bring low.

A-bash' [0.1?. esba^Tj to astound], to make ashamed.

A-bate' [L. ad, to, batuere, to beat], to become less, to lessen. Abate'ment.

A-bat-toir' (arhortwarr') [F.], public slaughter­house.

Ab'bey [O.F. abme\^ a convent or monastery. Ab'bot, fem. Ab'bess [Syriac Abba, father],

the head of an abbey. [shorten. Ab-bre'vi-ate [L. ad, to, hmvis, short], to Ab-bre'vi-a'tion, shortening. Ab'di-eate [L. ab, from, dicdre, to declare], to

resign (high office). Abdica'tion. Ab-do'men [L. abdomen, lower part of the

body or trunk. Abdom'inal. Ab-ducf [L. a&, from, ducere (p.p. ductus),

to lead], Mdnap; take away by force or fraud. Abduc'tion.

A-bed' [a-, on or in, and Bed], in bed. Ab-er-ra'tion [L- ab, away, errare (p.p. er~

rdtus\ to wander], a wandering, delusion. A-bef [O.F. d, to, and bder^ to bait (a bear),

to hound on], to help (to do wrong). A-bef ter, or A-bet'tor, one who abets. A-bey'ance [O.F. ahcance, waiting], state of

being held over. Ab-hor' [li. ab, from, horrere, to dread], to

dislike greatly. Ab-hor'ience, great dislike. Abhor'rent. A-bide' [O.E. abidan^-to wait], to dwell, to

wait for, suffer. A-bill-ty, power to do, cleverness. Ab'ject [L. ab, from, jacere (p.p. in com­

pounds -jeclus)^ to throw], degraded, mean-spirited. Abjee'tion. '

Ab-jure' [L. «&, from, jurdre, to swear], to swear to give up, to renounce.

Ab'lat-ive [L. ab, from, Idttis, p.p. of ferre, to carry], case in Latin which expresses agent, instrument, source,

A-blaze' [cir, on, and Blaze], in a blaze. A A'ble [L. habilis, handy, sMLfulj, having "

power, clever, Ab-lu'tion [L. ah, from, luere, to wash],

bodily washing. Ab'ne-gate [L. a6, from, negdre (p.p. negdtus)^

to deny], to deny, to reject. Abnega'tioo. Ab-nor'mal [L. ab, from, nomm, a rule], not

according to rule, unusual. Abnor'mally. A-board' [a-, on, and Board], on a ship or boat. A-bode' [see Abide], place where one lives. ' A-bol'ish [L- abolcscere, to be growing out of

use, to bedoingaway with], to do away with. A-bo-li'tion, act of abolishing. A-bom'i-na-blo [L. ab, from, 5men, ap. omen],

very hateful. A-bom'i-nate, dislike extremely. A-bom-i-na'tion, great dislike, hateful thing. Ab-o-ri'gi-nal, earliest in a country. AbnD-ri'gi-nes [L. ab, from, o^-tgo (or'tgin-is),

beginning], fimfc natives of a country. ' A-bor'tive [JJ- ah, away, OT'ITI (p.p. orkis), to

begin], coming to nothing. Abor'tion. A-bound' [L. abunddre, overflow, ab, away,

U7ida, a wave], be or have in plenty. A-bouf [O.E. oiib-Atan, on-, on, be, by, and

liton, outward], round the outside, near (in number, etc.), in connexion with.

A-bove' [O.E, Or, on, be, by, ufan, upward], overhead, higher than.

A-brade' [L' «6) from, rddere (p.p. rasiis), to scrape], rub oH (a piece of sMn, etc.).

A-bia'sion (si=:zh), a rubbiog off. A-breast' [a-, on, and Breast], side by side. A-bridge' [O.F. abregier, abriger; L. ahbrevi-

dre, to shoi-ten, fr, ad, to, brevis, short], A-bridg'ment, shortened form. [shorten. A-broad' [ff-, on, and Broad], in foreign lands, Ab'ro-gate [L. ab, away, rogdre (p.p. rogdtus),

to ask, propose a law], cancel, repeal. Ab-rupf [L. ab, off, rumpere (p.p. niptus), to

break], as if broken off, steep, sudden. Abs'cess [L. abs, away, cedere (sup. cessum),

c> go], gathering of matter in the body. Ab-seond' [L. o.bs, away, and co^id^re, to hide],

depart secretly to escape responsibility. Ab'sence, state of being away. Ab'sent [L. absens (absentis), pr.p. of abesse,

to be away; ab, away, esse, to be], away, not present.

Ab-sent', take or keep (oneself) away. Ab-sen-tee'j one who is absent, Ab'so-lute [L. ab, from, and solvSre (p.p.

solUtus), to loosen], without limit or control,

1

Absolution Aclie Ab-so-lu'tion, a settlu.?? free li-om sin. Ab-solve' [see Absolute], pronounce Iree Irora. At)-Sori)' [L, ah J from, sorbere, to suck]) sutk

lip, engage wholly. Ab-sorp'tiOD, ct o£ absorbing ; btate oC bfibi;;

absorbed. Ab-sorb'ent, sucking up ; tliat which ?uc'i-i

up. [from. Ab-stmn' [L. abs, from, tenere, to hold], kcjp Ab-sten'tion, sicfc of keeping from. Ab-stain'er, one who keeps from alcohol. Ab-ste'mi-ong [L. abs, from, and tanttw.n,

strong drink], sparing in food and drink. Ab'sti-nence, practice orHtateof abstaining. Ab-stract' [L. abs, B.wa.y,t'Tak&ie(x>.p. tracing),

to dra%Y], withdraw, sumnlarize. Ab'stract, apart from objects; abridgment, Ab-strac'tion, taking away, absence of mind. Ab-struse' [iv. abs, away, tTudere (p.p. trusui)^

to thrust], hard to understand. Ab-sord' [IJ. a&, utterly, surdus^ deaf, stupi-a],

against reason. Absiird'ly, Absuid'ity. A-bon'dance [sco Abound], plenty. A-buse' (s=2) [TJ. ab, away, utl (p.p. Usus),

to use], use wrongly, treat badly. A-buso', ba-d treatment, insulting words. A-bu'siv/'p full of abuse. A-but' [U.l*'. abouler, to place end to erd,

abuler, to touch with one end ((i, to, bout, but, an end], border upon. Abut'ting, Abufment.

A-byss' [Gk, ahyssos, bottomless ; a, without, byssos, depth], great chasm or depth.

Abys'mEd, bottomless. A-ca'ei-a (a-kai'^M-a) [Q-k. acacia, pcrh. fr,

ace, a point], class of trees of Mimosa tribo. A-cad'e-my [Gk. Acadetneia, a grove where

Plato taught], school, society for ad­vancement of science or art. Academ'ie, Academ'ical.

Ac-eede' [L. ad, to, cedereisup. cessum), to ga], agree, consent.

Ac-cel'er-ate [L. ad, to, celer, swift], hasten. Ac'cent [L. ad, to, canere (p.p. cantii-3), to

sing], tone of voice, stress on a syllable. Ao-CBut', mark with accent, to stress, [tion. Ac-cen'tu-ats, bring out clearly. Accentua'-Ac-cepf [L. ad, to, and capere (p.p. captus—

in compouuds, -captus), to take], take what is of[ercd,

Ae-cep'ta-ble, pleasing. [ncss. Ac-cep'tance, act of accepting, acceptabie-Ae-cep-ta'tion, usual meaning of a word. Ac-cess' (or Ac'cess) [see Accede], approa:li,

increase. Ac-ces'sa-ry, Ac-ces'so-ry (or Ac'-), seooiul-

ary ; helper (in wrong). Ac-ces'si-ble, easy of approach. f 'rcr^e. Ac-ees'sion (ak-sesh'on), a coming to, in-Ac'ei-denco [see Accident], part of grammar

which treats of inflections of words. Ac'ci-dent [L. accidere, fall upon; ad, to,

c-idere, fall], uuespected event, miahyp. Ac-ci-den'tal, by chance. Ac-claim' [b. ad, to, cldmdre, to shout], i ry

out, shout, hail as. Ao-cla-ma'tion, shouts of approval.

Ac-cU'ma-tize, Ac'clim-ate (American) [F. d, to, climai, climate], accustom to a climate. [slope.

Ac-cliv'i-ty [L. ad, to, cllvus, a slope], upward Ac-col-ade' [L. ad, to, collum, nock], sign of

bestowal of knighthood, as stroke on shoulder with ilat of sword, kiss, etc.

Ac-com'mo-date [L. ad, to, comnwdus, fit], suit, furnish with something needed, lodge.

Ac-com-rao-da'tion, that which supplies a want, lodging, loan.

Ac-Gom'pa-ni-ment, that which accompanies. Ac-com'pan-ist, one who accompanies a

singer on an instnament. Ae=com'pa-ny (p=xi) [P. accompagner, to

attend; see Company], go with. Ac-com'plice (ice=iss) [for a complice; ?.

complice; L. com-, with, plicdre, to fold], partner in crime.

Ac-com'plish [L. ad, to, com-, together, plere, to fill], perform, complete.

Ac-com'plish-ment, performance, part of education meant to polfeh or perfect.

Ac-cord' [tj. ad, to, cor (cordis\ the heart], agreement; agree. Accord'ance.

Ac-cord'ing-ly. because of that, therefore. Ac-cor'di-on [It. and L.L. accorddre, to

accord, attune], small, keyed musical in­strument.

Ao-cosf [Late Ij. aA:costdre, to come beside; L. ad, to, and costa, a rib, a side], speak to, address.

Ac-count' [IJ. adt to^ compiUdre, to calculate; see Compute], a reckoning, siiory of events, give a reason.

Ac-count'a-ble, answerable. Ac-count'ant, one who examines accoimts. Ac-cou'tte-ments (o«=oo) [M.F. accoustrer,.

to drsss], military dress and arms. Ac-cred'it [L. ad, to, credere, to entrust], give

lettei-s of authority. Ac-cre'tioa [L. ad, to, crescere (p.p. cretus\ to

grow], a growth to. Ac-crae', [L. ad, to, crescere, to grow], be

added as increase. Ac-cu'mu-lat8 [L. ad, to, fr. cumidare, to heap

up, ciimvlns, a heap], heap up, gather. Aecumula'tion.

Ae'cu-ia-cy, exactness, correctness. Ac'cu-rate [L. ad, to, cvra, care], correct. Ac-cura'ed [O.E. a- (intensive), and cursian,

to curse], cursed, doomed. Ac-cu-sa'tion, act of accusing, that of which

one is accused, charge. Ac-cu-a'a-tivt?, a noun case (in English de­

noting the object). Ac-cuse' (s=z)lh. ad, to, cawsa, a cause (law­

suit)], chaise with an oGence. Ac-cus'tom [O.F. acosiumer; L. ad, to, con-

suetudo -thdinis'), custom], moke used to. Ace [L. as, unity], the one on dice and cards. A-cerb'i-ty [L. accrbus^ biilier], sourness,

bitterness. [vinegar, A-cet'ic [L. acctujn, vinegar], relating to A-cefy-leno [see Acetic], colourless gas,

burning with bright flame. Ache (ake) [O.B. a:cey a pain], be in pain,

Achieve Administration A-ch 'eve' [F. achever ; d (L. ad), to, chef (L.

caput), a liead, venir (L. wewtre), to come], got by effort, bring to an end. Ach'/eve -ment.

A'cid [L. addus, sour], sour, sour substance. A-eid'i-ty, sourness, A-qid'u-late [L. addulus^ dim. of acidus,

sour], mate slightly sour. Acidula'tion. Ac-feQOwI'edge (p) [a, on, and Ejiowledge], to

oivn Imowledgc of, confess, reward. A&-know'ledg-nient, act of acknowledging. Ac'me [Gk. acme, a point], highest point. A'co-lyte [Gk. acoloiithos, an attendant], one

who attends or waits upon a priest. Ac'o-nite [Gk. aconiton, monkshood],

poisonous herb, monkshood. A'com [O.B. wcern (orig. fruit of the Seld) ;

CEcer, field], fruit of the oak. [sounds. A-cous'tic3 [Gk. acoiiein, to hear], science of Ac-quainf [L. ad^ to, cognoscere (p.p. cog-

nitus), to know], make (one) know. Ac-quainf auce, Imowledge, person whom one

knows. Acquainfanceship. Ac-qui-es'ce [L.- ad, to, quiescere, to rest],

accept or consent silently, Acquies'cence. Ac-quire' [L. acqulrere (p.p. acqutsUus); ad,

to, qumrere, to seek], get as one's own. Ac-quire'ment, thing acquired. Ac-qui-si'tion [L. acquisitio; see Acquire],

acquirement. Ao-quis'i-tive (5=3), eager to acquire. Ac-quit' [L, ad, to, quies (quietis), rest], set

free from a charge, conduct oneself. Ac-quit'-tal, a setting free from a charge. A'cre (cre=Jcer) [O.E, cecer, a field. Of. L.

(Z£?er, a field], 4840 square yards of land, A'cre-age, whole number of acres; Ac'rid [U acer (ac-n's), bitter, sharp], harsh

and bitter. Ac'ri-mo-ny [L. acnmonia; acer, sharp],

bitterness of temper. Aorimon'ious. Ac'ro-bat [Gk. acrobatos, walking on tiptoe,

acros, topmost; bainein, to go], rope-dancer, tumbler. Acrobat'ic.

A-crop'o-lia [Gk. acros, topmost, polis, a city], fortress in a Greek city,

A-cross' la-, on, and Cross], in form of a cross, from side to side, on the other side (of).

A-eros'tic [Gk. acrostichos; acres, topmost, first, siichos, a row], verse or other com­position in which initial, and sometimes middle and final, letters of the lines form a word. [done,

Act [L. agere (p.p. acttis), to do], do, thing Ac'tion, deed, battle, suit (at law). Ac'tiye [see Act], quick, brisk, that acts. Ac-tiv'i-ty, state of being active. Ac'-tor, fern. Ac'-tress, stage-player, Ac'tu-al [F. actuel; L. actus, done], real. Ac'tu-a-ry [L, acludrius; agere (p.p. actns),

to do], registrar or clerk, one who calcu­lates probabilities for an insurance com­pany, etc, Actua'rial.

Ac'tu-ate [see Act], move or rouse to action. A-cu'men [L. acumen; acUere, to sharpen],

sharp insight.

A-Cute' [L. acUtus (p.p. of acUere, to sharpen)], sharp.

Ad'age [L. addgium; ad, to, agium, a say­ing], old saying, proverb,

Ad'a-mant [Gk, adamas, a very hard stone], very hard substance. Adaman'tine.

A-dapt' [L. ad, to, aptus, fit], to fit, make suitable.

A-dap-ta'tion [see Adapt], act of adapting, adapted form. '

Add [1J. ad, to, dare, to put], join one thing to another.

Ad-den'dum [L. gerundive of addere, to put], thing to be added. [serpent.

Add'er [O.E. nwdre, a snake], poisonous Ad-diet' [L. ad, to, anddice7-e(p.p.dtrtM5), to

say], give (oneself) up to, as a habit. Ad-di tion, adding things together, something Ad-di'tion-al, added on. [added. Ad'dle [O.E. adela, mud], become rotten,

muddle; rotten, vain. Ad-dress' [F. adresser; &, to, dresser, to dress,

to direct], speak'or wiitc to; a speech, name of a place where a jjerson lives.

Ad-duce' [L. ad, to, dUcere, to lead], bring forward.

A-depf (or Ad'epf) [L. ad, to, aptus, fit], well-skilled; one weU-sMlIed. [sufficient.

Ad'e-quate [L. ad, to, (cquus, equal], equal to, Ad-here' [L. ad, to, and habere (p.p. hcestts),

to stick], stick to, Ad-he'rence, state of adhering. Ad-he'rent, sticking; follower. [he'sive. Ad-he'sion (si~zh), state of adhering. Ad-Ad-hib'it [L. ad, to, and habere Qp.p. hahittts\

to have, hold], put on, apply, affix. A-dieu' [P. &, to, Dieii, God], farewell. Ad'i-pose [L. adeps (adi-pis), fat], fatty. Ad-ja'cent [L. ad, to, jacere (pr.p, jacen^), to

lie], close to, Ad'jec-tive [L. adjectivus ; ad, to, jacere, to

throw], a word added to a noun to qualify or limit it. Adjeetiv'al.

Ad-join' [IJ. ad, to, jungere, to join], join to, lie next to.

Ad-journ' [L. ad, to ; Late L. jurnus, a day, from li, diiimits, daily], put ofl to another time.

Ad-judge' [O.P. ajtigcr; see Adjud'Jcate], , award or decide by judging.

Ad-iu'di-cate [L. ad, to, and judicare (p.p. judic&tus), to judge; jvdez, a judge], sit in judgment, give sentence, Adjudica'tion.

Ad'junct [L. ad, to, junctus (p.p. of jungere), to join], person or thing joined to another.

Ad-jure' [L. ad, to, jurare, to swear], charge on oath or solemnly,

Ad-just' [P. adjuster ; now ajnster; L. ad, to, juxta, near], put right, adapt. Adiusf-ment.

Ad'ju-tant [L. adjutare, to assist; ad, to, juvdre, to help], oilicer who ajsists a commanding officer ; kind of large stork.

Ad-min'is-ter [L. ad, to, minister, a servant], manage, supply,

AdTinin-is-tra'tion, management, govern­ment, the Government.

Administrator Affinity^ Ad-min'is-tra-tor, manager, one authorlyed

to manage. Admin'istrative. Ad'rai-ra-ble [L, admirabilis; sco Admire],

worthy of admiration, Ad'mi-ral [O.F. amiral; Arab, amir-al-

(pakr), commander of the (sea)], commanUcir of a fleet.

Ad'mi-ral-tji government department in charge of naval affairs.

Ad-nu-ra'tion, wondering delight, Ad-mire' [L. adf at, mirarit to wonder],

regard with, wonder and delight. Ad-mis'si-ble, that can be admitted. Ad-mis'sion, act of admitting, something

admitted. Ad-mit' [IJ. ctd, to, mittere (p.p. missus), to

send], allow to enter, grant as true. Ad-mif tancs, being admitted, permission to

enter. Ad-mis'-tuie \ad, to, and Mixture], a miiJug. Ad-mon'isU [JJ. ad, to, monere^ to warn],

warn, reprove. Ad-mo-ni'tion, warning, reproof, Ad-mon'i-to-ry, warning, reproving. A-do' (p=oo) [Scan, a, sign of tho infinitive,

and Do], stir, fuss. Ad-o-les'cence [L. adolescere^ to grow up

(pr.p. adolesccTisy]^ youth, the age after childhood. Adoles'cent.

A-dopf [I>, ad, to, opture^ to choose],- take for one's own (especially of the child of another).

A-do-ra'tion, worship, deep admiration. A-dore' p j . ad, to, Crare, to pray; 6s (gen.

ons), mouth], to worship, love extremely. A-dom' [L. adt to, omare, %o adorn], beautify

(with dress, etc.). A-dri£t' [a-, on, and Drift], floating away

without control. [sliilful, A-droif [F. d, to, droit, right], clevcr-hauded, Ad-u-la'tion [L. aduldri (p.p. adulaius), to

flatter], too much praise. A-dulf [ij. adultus (p.p. of adolescerc), to grow

^P]j grown-up person. A-dul'te>ate [L. aduUerdre (p.p. adulteralus),

to corrupt], mis with something of less value. Adultera'tion,

Ad'um-brate [L. ad, to, umbra, shade], represent in outline, foreshadow.

Ad-vance' [O.P.ai'anci?r,to go forward; L. ab, from, ante, before], go or put foi ward ; progress; loan of money.

Ad-van'tage [F. avantage, see Advance], some-tiliiiig in a person's favour.

Ad-van-ta'geous, of advantage, prolitable, Ad'vent [L. ad, to, venire (••up. i-c7itrm), to

come], arrival, the four weeks before Christmas.

Ad-ven-ti'tious [L. adveniicius; sco Advent], added casually from mthout.

Ad-ven'ture [L. odvcnlUrus, about to happen; ad, to, ventre, to come], bold undcit along.

Ad-ven'tu-rous, ready for adventure. Ad'verh [L, ad, to, verbum, a word], a word

that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb. Adverb'ial.

Ad'veE-Sa-ry, one opposed to another.

Ad'verse [0.1*'. avers; L. advcrsus; see Advert], acting against, contrary. Ad-ver'salive.

Ad-ver'si-ty, state of misfortune. Ad-verf IL. ad, to, vcrtere (p.p. versus), to

turn], tujn to. Ad'ver-tiso (s=2), [see Advert], give public

notice. Advertis'er. Ad-ver'tise-ment, public notice. Ad-vics' CO.F. aiis, notice; see Advise],

opinion to be followed. Ad-vi'sa-ble, proper to be done. Advis-

ahil'ity. Ad-vise' s~z) [L. ad, to, vidSre (p.p. visus),

to see], give advice, inform of. Advis'edly, Ad'vo-ca-cy, pleading for, defence. Ad'vo-cate [L. ad, to, vocure (p.p. vocdtus), to

call], one who pleads for another, barrister (in Scotland); uphold.

Adze [O.B. adesa, an ase], kind of axe. Ae'gis (edjis) [Gk. aigis], protection. ffi'on iecon) [G-k. aiSn, age], an age of the

universe, immeasurable period. tg^s-A'er-ate ih- aVr, air], charge (a liquid) vrith A-e'ri-al [L. alHus, fr. aer; Gk. acr, air],

bclongiDg to the air; whre ior receiving broadcast matter.

A'e-rie, A'e-ry CO* - aire; M.L. aeria, aetea, perhaps fr. L, area, level ground], nest of a bird of prey.

A'er-o-drome [Gk. aer, air, dromos, a coiuse], place for flying machines starting and alighting.

A'ei^o-gram [Gk. aer, air, gramma, •writing], message sent by \\ircles3 telegraphy. Cf. Telegram.

A'er-o-graph [Gk. aSr, air, grapliein, to ^i-ite], to send a wireless message. Cf. Telegraph.

A'Sr-o-Iite [Gk. aer, air, litJios, a stone], atone which has fallen to earth from outer space.

A'er-o-naut [Gk. aer, air, nautts, a sailor], one who uses a fijing machine.

A'er-o-plane [Gk. aer, air; L. planus, flat], flying-machine heavier than air and sup­ported by one or more plane surfaces.

Aes-ihefics (.aes—ecs) [Gk. aisthanesthai, to perceive; aistheticos, perceptive], science of the beautiful. Aesthefie.

A-JEar' [a-, on, and Far], at a distance. Af-£a-bi'li-ty, pleasantness in conversation. Af'fa-ble [L, afJdbalU, easily spoken to;

ad, to, fart, to speak], easy to speak to. AE-£air' [P. afaire, to do], business. Ai-fect' [L, afjccidte, to aim at; ad, to,facere,

to do], act upon, pretend. Af-fec-ta'tion, unreal display, pretence. Ai-iec'tion, lovo; diseased state. Affee'-

tionate. Af-fi.'ance [L. ad, to, fides, faith], promise

in marriage, Af-fi-da'vit [Late L. affiduvit, 3rd pors, sing.

perfect teuse of ajflddre, to pledge; L. ad, to, fides, faith], written statement on oath.

Al-fll'i-ate [L. ad, to, filitis, a son], connect with a Bcciety, etc. Afiilia'tion.

Al-fln'i-ty [L. ajfinis, near], close connection.

AjQirm Akimbo Ai-firm' [L. o^, to, firmm, strong], declare

as true. Afflnna'tion. Af-fir'ma-tive, that which affirms. Af-fix' [L, «d, to, figere (p.p. fixus), io fix],

fasten to. AfiSs'tuie, Ai'fix, addition to the end of a word. Af-fla'tus [L. ad^ to, Jldre (p.p. fidtus), to

blow], inspiration. A£-flicf U-i. affilgere (p.p. affiictits), to dash],

giye trouble or pain to. Af-flic'tion, state of pain or grief. Af'flu-ence [see Afiauentl, wealth. Af flu-ent [L. ady to, Jlucre (pr.p, yiwenj, -entis),

to flow], rich; river that flows into another. Ai-£ord' [O.E. gefartMan, to further], supply,

bear (an expense). A£-for-es-ta'tion [L. ad^ to, forcsta, a forest],

turning into forest land. Af-&ay' [O.F, effrei; L.L. e«, out of; fridus

(Teut./niZAii), peace], lighting in public. Af-fright' [O.E. a-, intensive, fyrhtan^ to

terrify], frighten; fright. AE"£ront' (p~u) [L. ad, to, frotis. jTont-is\

forehead], insult openly; an insult. A-flame' [a-, in, and Flame], in flames. A-float' [a-, on, and Float], borne on the water

or air; current. A-foot' [a-, on, and Foot], on foot, going on. A-Iore' [a-, on, and Foxe], in fi-ont. A-fore'said, said or named before. A-fcaid' [orig. afjrayedy p.p. of obs. aj^ray, to

fight], full of fear. A-Sresh' la-, on, of, and Fresh], over again,

anew. Af-ri-kan'der [perh. S. African Du. Afri-

kanTider, fr, Du. AfriJcaner, an jiirican], South African born of European (esp.

.Dutch) parents. Aft [O.E. csftan, behind], towards the stem,

abaft. After [O.E. coflcr (comparative of af, ofE)],

behind, in pursuit of. Aft'er-math [After and math (O.E. m(sth),

mowing], second crop. Aft-er-noon', between noon and evening. A-gain' [O.E. ongedn, ongcegn; on, in, gagn,

opposite], once more, back, moreover, besides.

A-gainsf [O.E. ongedn, again, against], con­trary to, faxiing.

Ag'ate [It. agata; Gk. ackatSs (so named because found near the river Achates in Sicily)], kind of quartz.

Age [0.1?. aage, age; L. cetas, period], period of time, time a person, animal, or thing has lived or existed; grow old.

A'ged, old. [action. A'gen-cy [see Agent], oilice o£ an agent, A-gen'da [iJ. neut. pi. of gerundive of agere,

to do], things to be done, notes of matters to be discussed at a meeting.

A'gent [L. agere (pr.p. agens, -entis), to do], one who acts for another, active power.

Ag-glom-er-a'tion [L. ad, to, glomiis (glomer-is), a heap], mass, heap.

Ag-glu'tin-ate [L. ad, to, gluten gW.tin-is), glue], fasten together (as with glue).

Ag'gran-dize [E. a/^randir; L. ad, to, grandis, large], make great, enlai^e.

Ag'gra-vato [L. aa, to, gravis, heavy], make worse, provoke. Aggrava'tion.

Ag'gre-gate [L. ad, to, grex (greg-is), a flock], sum, mass, the whole. Agffrega'tion.

Ag-gres'sion [L. ad, to, gradl (p.p. gressua), to step], unjust attack, QrsH act in a fiuarrel.

Ag-gres'sive, of the Datnre of an attack, quarrelsome.

Ag'-gres'sor, one who makes the first attack, Ag-gi?eve' [L. ad, to, gravis, heavy], to pain,

ves. A-g/msf [O.E. a- (intensive), gd'stan, to

terrify], showing signs of terror. A'gile [L. agere, to do], quick and easy in

motion, nimble. A-gil'i-ty, nimbleness. A'gi-tate [L. agitare (p.p. agitaius), freq. of

agere, to do], set in motion, disturb, A'gi-ta'tion, feeling of disturbance. A'gi-ta'tor, one who sth-s up others, A-glo2i?', [ff-, on, in, aad GJow], in a glow. Ag-no3'tic [Gr. a, not, gignoscein, to learn,

to know], one who believes that nothing is known, or likely to t e kno^m, of tho existence of a God. Agoos'ticism.

A-go' [shortened from agone, p.p. of obs. verb ago, to go forth], gone-by, past.

A'gog' [etym. doubtful], expectant. Ag'o-nize, put ov be in great pain, Ag'o-ny [L. and Gk. agdnia, a contest],

intense feeling, very great pain. A-gra'ri-an [IJ. agrdri-us; ager, a field],

relating to land. [consent. A-gree' [L. ad, to, grains, pleasing], be at one, A-giee'a-We, pleasant, ready to agree. A-gree'ment, state of being at one with, a

bargain. Ag'ri-eul'ture [I/, ager, a field, colere (p.p.

cuUus),to till], art of cultivating the ground, farming. Agticul'tural. [ground.

A-ground' [or, on, and Groundj, on the A'gue [O.P.; L, aculus, sharp], fever that

comes and goes with cold and hot stages. A-head' [a-, on, and Head], ^ front. Aid [O.E. aider; L. ad, to, juvdre (p.p. jutits),

to help], help. [a general. Aide-de-camp' (E.), military offlcer attending Ai'gret or Ai'gretfe [F. aigrette, egret, a

kind of heron; see Egret], white heron, ornament of feathers or gems.

Ail [O.E. eglan, to pain], be ill. Aim [Prov. esjner, fr. L. cestimdre, to esteem,

aim at], direct or point a t : pomt which is meant to be hit, object,

Air [Gk. air, air], invisible fluid round the earth, tune, manner; expose to open air,

Air'craK, airships and aeroplanes. Anti­aircraft, against air attack.

Air-poeket, part of atmosphere in which an aeroplane suddenly drops, probably due to the fact that the air here is more rarefied.

Air'y, open to the air, gay. [church. ^ is le [O.E. ele; L. ala, a wing], side of a A-JM' [O.E. a char, on char, on the turn;

O.E. cyrr, a turn], partly open. [hip. A-kim'bo [?], with elbow out and hand on.

Akin Almond A-kin' [a-, of, and Kin], related. Al'a-bast-ei [Gk. cdabastros; said to be frtim

AlabastroJi, a town in Ilgypfc], 'kiad oi limestone or marble. [readine^^*

A-lac'ri-ty [L. alacer, brisk, lively], cheerful A-larm' [Tb. aW arme! to armsl], g.ve

notice of danger; sudden lear, v/armng. A-larm'ist, one vllo raises alarms on slij'lii;

grounds. A-lar'ura, alorm signal. A-las' [O.P. halas, ha, ah, las, lasse^ wretched;

L. lassus^ weary], intcricction esprOMing grief.

Alb [Late L. alba tunica), v^hite (tunio); L. alhus, white], long wliito yestment worn by priests.

Al'ba-boss [Sp. and Port. alcalTUz; Arab. alqadUs, pelican, bucliet. J!'.B. — T)\e pelican carries water in its pouch], larf e sea-bird.

Al-bi'no (i=ee or !) [Port, albmo; L. albus, white], person or animal with tmuiut'lly white slan and hair and pink eyes.

Al'bum [L. aWiim^ a tablet, neut. of albvs, wliite], blant book for cuttings, etc.

Al-bu'men [L- albumen, fr. aWiis, white], white of an egg, a constituent ol same iind of animals and plants. Albu'minous.

Al'cfcs-my (fih^K) [Arab, al, the, Ulmla^ chemistry; fr. Qk. cliemia, native name for Egypt], so-called science which aimed at fcumingothermetalsintogold. Al'chemist.

Al'co-hol [Arab, al, the, koh'l, a powder for painting the eyelids], pure spirit,

Alcoran (aVkoT-ahn, al-kor-ahn') [Arab. al-qoran, the reading], Koran, sacred book of the Mohammedans.

Al'cove [Arab, a?, the, qohhah, a vault], recess.

Al'der [O.E. alor^ aler, alr\, Mnd of tree related to birch.

Al'der-man [O.E. aldor, ealdor, a chief or elder, and Man], magistrate in a borough or county.

Ale [O.E. ahC\, Isind of beer. Al-eia'bic [Arab, al, the, and ambi(i, a still],

a Te= el lor distilling. A-lert' [L. ad illam erectam, to that erect one],

•vvatchluJ, lively. Al-ex-an'drine [fr. French poem on Alex­

ander the Great], iambic line of six fe^t. Al'ge-bra [Arab, al, the, jabr, settiiig,

reduction of fra-ctions to integers, algebra], calculation by means of symbols.

Ali-as [L. alias, otherwise; alius, another], otherwise; assumed name.

Al'ib-i [L. alibi, elsewhere], the plea that when an alleged tict was done, one v.'as elsewhere.

Al'ien (a=ai) [L. alienus, strange; alias. another],foreign; foreigner.

Al'ien-ate, give over to another, estrangii. A-Ught' [O.B. d, of, ofl, lihtan, to make

light, adj. Itht, light], get down. [up. A-light' [O.E. a, on, and Light (n.)], ligKlcd A-Ugn', A-liue' [L. ad^ to, lliicay a line],

lay in a Ime, bring into line,

A-like' [O.K. gelic (adj.), gdice (adv.), ge-, together, Eic, l ike; also O.K. differ (adj.), dlika. (adv.), d, on, llh, like],like, the same.

Al'i-ment [L. alimentum, food; alerej to nourish], food, meuns of support.

Al'i-^uot [L. aliquot, some; alius, other, and quot, how many], (in division) cxaefc (pari).

A-live' [d, on, M.E. live, 0.33. Iffe (dative of UU life)], in life.

Al'ka-li [Arab, al, the, qaliij, ashes abound­ing in soda], substance such as soda QT potash that nentraiizes aiiids. Al'kaline, Al'kaloid.

A1I(QWO [O.E. eat, pi. calle], whole; entire nimiber of; utterly,

Al-la/ Id-, on, and Lay], make quiet, make less severe.

Al-lD-ga'tion, tbat which is alleged. Al-lege' [L. <^i to, legare (p.p. legatus), to

dispatch], bring forward positively. Al-le'giance [O.P. ligeance, homage], duty

or faithfulness to ralcrs. Al'le-go-ry [Gk, alios, other, agoreucin, to

speak; agora, a place of assembly], speech about one thing in the image of another.

Al-le'vi-ate [L. ad, to, levOre (p.p. levdtus), to lift], lighten or lessen. Allevia'tion.

Al'ley [P. aller; O.P. aler, to go], narrow walk or passage.

Al-li'anco [see Ally], union. Al'li-ga-tor [Sp. cl lagarto; L. lacertay the

lizard], American crocodile. Al-lit-er-a'tion [L. ad, to, liiera, a letter],

repetition of a sound at the beginning of three or more words or syllables at short intervals.

Al'Io-cate [L. allocare (p.p. allocdius), fr. ad^ to, loc-as, a place], give each his place or share.

Al-lop'a-thy [Gk. alios, other, pathos, suffer­ing], ordinary system of medicine; curing by inducing another action of the body of a different kind.

Al-Iot' [O.P. d, to, loter, divide by lot], givo each his share or lot. Allot'ment.

Al-Iow' [O.P. aioucr; L. ad, to, locare, to place], let one have or do, grant.

Al-Iow'ance, stated quantity or sum. Al-loy' [JJ. aUig&re, to bind together; see

Ally], baser metal mixed with a finer; mix with base metal.

All'spice (awl), Jamaic-a pepper, which is said to combine the flavours of several spices.

Al-luds' [IJ. ad,^x>, lUdere (p.p. Idsus), to play], lefer to indirectly.

Al-lure' [O.P. d leurre^ to the lure], draw by something pleasant.

Al-ln'sion (si=zK), slight reference. Al-lu'vi-um [L. ad, to, luSre, to wash], soil

laid down by water, Allu'vial. AI-l/ [L. ad, to, lig&Tc, to bind], unite by

treaty; one who is on the same side. Ai'ma-nac [M.L. almanack. Ptym. un­

known], book or table with a list of days, weeks, etc.

Al-migb'ty [0,E. almeahtig], all-powerful. AZm'ond [O.P almande; L. amygdala;

Qk. amygdale], kind of nut.

Almoner Amount Al'mon-er(a/=«/0) one who distributes alms. Al'most, nearly. Alma (ahmz) [Grk. eleemosynS, pity ; Gk. eleos^

pity], gifts to the poor. Al'oe [i'- cdoB\ Gk. aloS\, class of plants of

many kinds. A-loff [O.N. a, on, lopt, air], on high. A-Ione' [M.E. aZ oon, all one], hf oneself. A-Iong' [O.E. andlang; and-^ against, lang^

long], by the length. A-JooF [for 071 loof; see LaU], at a distance. A-loud' [a-, on, and Loud), loudly. Al-pac'a [Span.; (Arab, al, the, paco, the

Peruvian name for the aninial)], animal of Peru.

Al'phs-bet [Gk. alpha, heta, the first two letters of the alphabet],' letters of a language in order. Alphabet^ic. [time.

Al-read'y [All and Eeady], ijefore this or that Al'so [All and So], likewise, besides, [ings. Al'tar [L. altitSy high], raised place for ofler-Al'ter [li. alter^ other], to change. Al-ter-a'tion, change. Al-ter-ca'tion [L. altercdrl (p.p. aliercaiics), to

dispute; alter, other], exchange of angry words.

Al-ter'nate [L. altemdre (p.p. altemHtus), to do things by turns; alter, other], by turns.

AZ'ter-nate ot two thin^), to occur or arrange time about.

Al-ter'na-Uve, choice of two thin^. Al-thowfir/t' [AH and Though], even if, not­

withstanding that. Al'ti-hide [h. altm, high], height. Al'to [Ital. alio ; L. altvs^ high], part song by

lowest female voice ; highest male voice. Al-to-geth'er, as a whole, with none left out. Al'-ttu-ism [through ItaJ. aUrui, others;

L. alteri hiiic,, to this other], regard for others, Altmis'tic.

Al-u-min'i-um [L. alUmen, alum], bluish white metal. [for ever,

Al'ways (fil=awT) [All and Way], at all tunes, A-zaal'gam [Gk, Jnalagma, an emollient,

malacoSf soft], mixture of a metal with mercury. Amalgama'tion.

A-mal'ga-mate, nu's or blend well. A-man-u-en'sis (plur. ~ses) [L. a manU, by the

hand], writer to dictation, A-mass' [L. ad, to, massa, a mass], collect

into a mass, to pile. A-ma-teur' p j . amare (p.p. amSCics), to love],

one who studies or practises an art merely for the love of it.

Ani'artoi-y, pertaining to lovers. [greatly, A-raaze' [a-, on, and Maze], bewilder, surprise A-maze'ment [see Amaze], great surprise. Am'a-zou [Gk. Amazon, one of a warlike

race of women in Scythia], female warrior. Am-has'sa-dor [L. a7nbactiis, of Celtic or

German origin], one sent to represent a sovereign or state in a foreign country.

Am'ber [^j:ab. ^anbar, ambei^is], f osil resin, Ani'hei-gris [^. ambrc gris, grey amber],

fragrant waxy substance. Am-hi-dex'troua [L. amhi, both sides, dexter^

right-handed], using botia hands alike.

Am'M-enfc ambi, about, Ire, to go],^urround-ing.

Am'bi-gu'i-ty, doubtfulness of meaning. Am-big'u-ou3 [L. amb'iguu,% doubtful; amb-^

both ways, agere, to drive], that can be taken in two ways.

Ambit [see Ambient], scope, compass. Am-bi'tion [L. amhi, about, ire (sup. ^ium),

to go], desire of power or high place. Am-bi'noua, actuated by-ambition. Am'ble [L. ambuldre, to walk], gait of a horse

in which both legs on the same side are lifted together.

Am-bto'si-a [Gk. ambrosia, fern, of ambrosios, immortal], fabled food of the gods.

Am'bu-lance [L. ambuldre, to go], movable field hospital.

Am-bus-cade', Am'bosh [L. «n, in; Late L. boscum, a bush], a lying in wait.

A-me'Uo-rate [-L. ad, to, melior, better], make or grow better,

A-me'lio-ra'tion, improvement. A-men' [Heb, «me7i, truly, verily], so let it be. A-me'na-ble X. ad, to; L. minUTe, to

threaten (P. amener, to bring)], willing to yield, answeraljle.

A-mend' [L. e or ex, from, menda, a fault], make better, alter, correct,

A-mend'ment, change /or the better. [etc. A-mends', something to make up for loss, A-men'i-ty [L. amcenns, pleasant; amdre, to

love], pleasantness. A-merce' [O.P. (i, at, merci, mercy], to fine. Am'e-tiiyst [Gk, amethysts, ir. a, not,

methystos, drunken. The stone was supposed to prevent drunkenness], violet-coloured stone. [of temper.

A'mi-arbi'li-ty [L. amdre, to love], sweetness A'mi-a-ble, lovable. Am'i-ea-ble [L. amicus, a friend, fr. amdre, to

love], friendly. A-mid', A-midst' [O.B. on middan, in the

middle], in the middle (of). A-misa' [a-, on, and Jffiss]) wrong. Am'i-ty [P, amitU, fr. L. amwits, a friend],

friendship. A-mok', same as A-maek', Am-mo'ni-a [fr. L. sal-amm5niacum, rock-

salt, said to have been first prepared near the temple of Jupiter Ammon in Lydia], spirit of hartehom, colourless alkaline gas.

Am-mu-ni'tion [P. (y)anmnition, corruption of to munition; see Munition], materials for loading firearms.

Am'nes-ty [L. and Gk. amnestia, forgetful-ness; Gk, a-, not, mnestos, remembered], general pardon,

A-mong', A-mongsf \o=u') [O.E. on, in, gemang, an assemblage, a crowd], mixed with; (to divide) in portions to.

Am'or-oos [L. amor, love], loving, fond. A-mor'pfaous [Gk. a-, not, morphe, shape],

shapeless. A-mounf [O.P. amonter; L. ad, to, montem,

ace. of mons, a mountain], mount up to ; whole sum.

Ampere Annoyance Am-p^re [name of a B'rench electrician], uoit

of electric current. Am'per-sand [corr. of 'and. per se and'. L.

fer se^ by itself], the contraction for and, written &.

Am-phib'i-oua [Gk. ampM, both, bios, liCe], living both, on laud and in water,

Am-pbi-the'a-tre [0^. ampM, on both sides, tlieatrdn, a theatre], building with rows of seats abore an opdn space.

Aia'ple [L. ampHs, large, spacious], large, more than enough. Am'ply.

Am'pli-£y, enlarge, enhance. Amplifica'tion. Am'-pli-tude, breadth, wide range. Am'pu-tate [L. amhi, about, putare (p.p.

puiatus), to lop], cut off (a limb). A-muck' [Malay, amoq, rushing frantically],

recklessly. ("To run amwcfc,"-used of Malays running frantically and striking or killiug any •whom they meet.)

Arft'u-let [L. amvlstum. litym, doubtful], something worn as a charm.

A-muse' (S~B) [O.F . amuser, to gaze nt, muse; see Muse], occupy in a pleasant way.

A-nmse'ment, that which amuses. An-aeh'ro-nism(c^=X:, 5=2) t&k.ana-, up,

back, chronoSy tinan], a misplacing hi time. Anaeliconis'tic.

An-arCol-u'thon [GI2. an-, not, akQlouthe:in^ to follow], sentences or words lacking grammatical sequence.

An-£e'mi-a ice~ee) [Gk. an-^ not, hai?na, blood], blood lessness. Anee'mio.

An'Ees-thet'ic [Gk. muiisthStoSf insensible; an-, not, aisthesis, sensation], that which produces a state in which pain is not felt.

An'a-gram [Qk. ana, up, gramma^ a letter of the alphabet], word formed from another by changing the order of the letters.

A-nal'o-gous, like. An'alogue. A-nai'o-gy [G-k. ana, upon, and logos, a

word, statement], likeness. An-a-lyse' s=z\ to separate into parts. A-nal'y-sis [Gk. mia, back, and hjdn, to

loosen], separation into first paiis. An'ar-chy (ch^Ic) [Grk. on-, negatire prefix,

arclios^ a ruler], lawlessness. A-uath'e-ma [Gk. anathema, a thing dcToled

to evil or accursed; ana, up, tithenai, to put], a curse. Ana'thematize.

A-nafo-my [Gk.'awa, up, temnein, to cut], science of bodily structure. Anaf omist, Anatom'ieal.

An'ces-tor [L. tmte, before, cedSre (sup, cessum), to go], forefather. An'cestry, Anees'tral,

An'oftoE [IJ- ancorax Qt. agcyra, a bent hook, anchor], an iron that holds a sliip fast. An'chorage.

An'cAo-rite [Gk. ana, back, clWrdn, to with-drav/], religious hermit.

Au-cho'vy [Sp. anchova; perh. Uasque antzua, dry],'small fish.

An'cient (a=«i) [Late L. aniianus^ old, ante, before], very old, of long ago.

An'cil-la-ry [X. andlldriiis; ancilla^ a hand­maid], subordiuatQ.

And [0.!S. and; against, end, and], conjunc­tion connecting words, clauses, etc.

An'ec-ilote [Gk. amalota, thmgs unpublished; an-, not, ek, out, dotos, given], short story.

A-nem'o-ne \Gik. anemos, wind], " wmd-Uower."

A'lier-oid [Gk. a-, not, neros, wet], kind of barometer made without liquid.

A-new' [a-, of, and New] • over again. An'gel [Gk. aggelos, a messenger], messenger

of God. Angel'ic-An-gel'i-ca [il.L. (herha) angelica, angelic

plant], a plant used in medicine and cook­ing ; candied root of this plant.

An'ger (g hard) [O.N". anf?/-, grief; cf. Dan. anger; Swed. anger, regret], strong dis­pleasure, rage.

An'gle [L. anguhis, a corner], comer. An'gle [O.B. angul, a fish-hook], to fish with

hook and line, An'gry [see Anger], feeling or showing anger. An'gmsli (w=ip) [L. angere, to choke], great

pain. An'gu-lar, having an angle or angles. An'i-line [Arab. aiinU, fr. al, the, and

Sanscrit, 7Mi, indigo plant], oily fluid from which dyes are made.

An'i-mad-verf [L. animus, mind, a^, to, v€rtere,to turn],pass •judgmGnt,to censure.

An'i-mal [L. animal, fr. animay breath, life], living body which moves of itself.

An-i-mal'eule [L, aniinatculumy dim. of animal, microscopio animal.

An'i-mate [L. animdre (p.p. animatus); anima, life], .put life into; living. Ani-ma'tion.

An'i-mos'i-ty [L. animositas; £r. animus, mind], hatred leading to opposition.

An'i-mus [L. animus, mind, temper], temper. An'ise [L. anisum; (jk,anison, anise], plant

beaiTiig spicy seeds. An'kle [CE. ancUov)], joint between foot

and leg. An'na, A'na pttind. ana, sixteenth part],

Indian coin, sixteenth part of a rupee. An'nal-isfc, writer of annals. An'nals [L. annus., a year], history that

follows the order of time. An-neal' [O.E, an, on, a^lan, to bum; partly

also from O.P. neeler, to enamel; Late L. nigellurc, to blacken, niger, black], make glass, etc., less brittle by cooling slowly from great heat.

An-nex' [L. ad, to, neclerc (p.p. nexus), to bind], join on. Annesa'tion.

An-ni'hil-ate [I*, ad, to, Qiihil^ nothing], re­duce to nothing.

An-ni-ver'sa-ry [L. annus, a year, versus (p.p. otvertere, to turn)], yearly return of a

^ date. An'no-tate [L. ad, to, notare (p.p. notatus), to

mark], make notes on. An-nounce' [L- ad, to, nuntius, a messenger],

make known. Announce'ment, An-noy' [L. in odio, in hatred], go on disturb­

ing, vex. An-noy'ance, vexation, that which annoys,

Annual Aplomb Aa'nu-al [L. annus, a year], yearly ; yearly

magaziue. [yearly, An-nu'i-ty [L. annus, a year], sum payable An-nul' [Ii. ad, to, nulhts, none], bring to

nothing, do away with. [ring, An'nu-lar [L. annulus, a ring], forming a An-nnn-ci-a'tion [see Announce], announce'

ment. An'o-dyne [Gk. ««-, not, odynBj pain],

medicine that lessens pain. A-point' [M.E. anoint (obs. p.p.); L. in, in,

ungere (p.p. vnc jfs), to anoint], rub with oil, pour oil upon,

An-om'a-lous [trk. an-, not, and homalos, even], irregular, deriating from rule.

A-nom'a-ly, departure from common rule. A-non' [0,E. on, on, in, &n, one], soon, at

once. [without name. A-non'y-inons [G-k. an-, not, oMomc, anamej, An'sioer [O.E. andr, against; swerian, to

sweai'], speak or write in return; that which is said in reply.

An'siyer-a-j)le, responsible. [insect. Ant [O.E. (smete, an emmet, ant], small An-tak'o-nism, opposition, strife. An-tago-nist [Gk. anti, against, agOn, a

contest], one who is opposed, a foe. Ant-arc'tio [Qk. anti, opposite to, arcticos,

Arctic], connected with the South Polar region.

Ante, see Latin Prefixes, An-te-ce'dent [L. ante, before, cSdere, to go],

going b^ore; that wliich goes before, esp, noun to which relative pronoun refers.

Au'te-cham-ter [L. ante, before, and Cham-Iier], outer chamber.

An'te-date' [L. aiite, before, and Date], to date before the true time.

An'te-di-lu'vi-an [L. ante, before, diluvium, deluge], before the flood.

An'te-lope [G-k. antholops, Etym. uncertain], deer-like animal.

An'te-me-rid'i-an [L. ante, before, meridiem (ace. of meridics), noon], before noon.

An-ten'nae [L. plur, of antenna, the yard of a sail], feelera of insects, etc.; raised appara­tus for sending out or receiving electric waves in wireless telegraphy.

An-te'ri-or [L. anterior, former; ante, before], before in time or place.

An'te-room. See Antechamber. An'them [Gk. antipkona; anti, oyer against,

phone, sound], prose selection (esp. from the Scriptures) set to music and sung in parts.

An'ther [&k. anthera, flowery; anthos, a young bud], tip of the stamen of a flower.

An-thol'D-gy [Gk. anthos, a flower, legein, to cull], collection of short poems or passages from prose literature. [coal.

An'thrarcite [Gk. anthrax, coal], kind of hard An'thrax IGtk^ anthrax, a carbuncle], a cattle

disease, also afEecting man. An-thio-poro-gy [G-k. anxhropos, a man, logos,

reason, discouree], whole science of man. Anti, see Greek Preflxes-An'tic [It. antico; L. antiquum, old], gro­

tesque ;• a caper, clown,

Au-ti'ci-pate [L. ante, before, capere, to take], be boEoro in doing; foresee.

Au-ti-cli'max [Qk. anti, revei-se of, and CUmax], addition of some particular that weakens the climax.

An'ti-cUn'al [G-k. anti, against, liinein, to lean], ridge in wliich strata lean against each other and from which they slope down in opposite directions.

An'ti-dote [Gk. anii, against, dotos, given], remedy against poison.

An'ti-mo-ny [MX. antimonium, orig. un^ known], bluish-whito metal.

An-tip'a-thy [Gk. anti, against, pathein, to suffer], feeling against, dislike.

An'ti-phon [Late h. antiphona, an anthem; see Anthem], anthem or part of anthem sung responsively.

An-tip'o-des [G3r. anti, against, ^OWJ (pod-os), a foot], esact opposites, the opposite side of the earth.

An'ti-qua-ry [L. arUzqudrius; anViqitus, ancient], one who studies far back history from old remains, Anti(iuar'ian,

An'ti-qua'ted, gro\vn old, old-fashioned. An-tique' (an-teek') [L, antlquus, old, ante,^

before], ancient; object of ancient art. An-tifl'iii-ty, ancientncss, ancient times, An'ti-sep'tic [Qk, anti, against, septicos, putrl-

fying;5cp(os,rott6n],preventing corruption. An-tith'e-sia [Qk. anti, against, tithenai, to

place], opposition, contrast. An'ti-t5ie [Gk, anti, against (corresponding

to), and Type], tliat which a type represents, Antler [O.F, anioillier; L. ante, before,

oculm, the eye], branch of a horn of stag, etc. An'vil [O.B. onfilti. Etym. imcertain],

blacksmith's iron block. Ans-i'e-ty (^~gsh uneasiness of mind. Anx'ious [L. anxiusi angere, to choke],

troubled, desirous. [some, every. An'y (a=i) [O-E. amig, fr.. dn, one], one, A-pace' [a-, on, and Pace], quickly. A-part' [¥.dpaTt; L. ad partem, to one part],

aside, to pieces, [room, A-parf ment [F. appartement; see Apait], Ap'a-thy [Qk, apatheia; a-, not, pathos,

suffering], want of feeling. Ap'a-thet'ic. Ape [O.E, apa'\, kind of monkey; imitate

like an ape. A-per'i-ent [L. aperlre (pr.p. aperiens, -eniis),

to open], laxative medicine. [opening. Ap'er-ture [L. aperlre (p.p. aperins), to open], A'pes [L, apex, summit], top. A-pha'si-a [Gk. a-, not, phasis, speech], loss

of speech due to brain disease, A-phe'li-on [Gk. ap- (apo), from, helios, the

sun], point furthest from the sun of a planet's orbit.

Aph'o-rism [Qk. aphorisjnos; apo, oS, horos, a boundary], short, pithy Bto,tement of a gener^ truth. Aphorist'ic,

A'pi-^ry [L. apiarium', apis, a bee], place where bees are kept. [by itself.

A-piece' [a, the indef. art., and Piece], each A-plomb' [1?, ti) to, plomh, plummet], seU-

Apocalypse 10 Aptitude A-poc'arlypSe tU-k. apocah/psi^, a, revelation],

J^ook of .dcTelation. Apocalypt'ic. A-poc'ry-pha [t^k. a-pocryjiba, nout. 11, of

apocnjphoSf hidden], certain writlnjjs received by some,'but not by all, as part of the Bible. Apoc'ryphal.

Ap'o-gefi Q/=j) [Gk. a/w, irum, f/e, the ear:h], point in moon*s orbit farthest from the earth,

A-poI'o-gize, make an apology. [L^ble. Ap'o-logwe [Gk. apOy olf, logos, speech], moral A-pol'o-gy [L. and Gk. apologia, h: a^o,

off, and hgos^ s[)eech], excuse, cxpre-ssion of regret. Apologet'ic. [relicion.

A-pol-o-get'ic3, defence of the Scriptures or of Atyoph-ihegm [Gk. apo^ oil, phthajgcsthai^

to utter], short aphorism. Ap'o-plex-y [Glc apo, off, pUesscin, to

strike], sudden loss of sense and motion due to pr^sure on the brain,

A-poa'ta-sy [Gk. apo, oil, stasis, a stmid-ing], abandonment of faith, betrayal.

A-pos7Ie [(.rk. apo, off, sidlein, to send], one sent forth (especially one of tho twelve disciples whom Jesus sent forth to preach,

' or their immediate successors). A*pQg'tro-pUe [Gk. apo^ away, stroplu^ a

turning], a turning away in speech to address persons present or absent, a mark (') of contraction. Apos'trophize.

A*patU'e-ca-L'y [Gk. apqtheks^ storehouse; apo, away, and titfienai, to put], druggist.

Ap'o-thegm, see Apophthegm. A«poth-e-o'sis [Gk. a2)0, away, thcos, a god],

deidcatiou, regarded (i3 a ^Qd. Ap-pal' [peril. L. adj to^ pallidus, pale], over­

come with fear. Ap'pan-age, Ap'an-age [O.F. apaner^ supply

with bread; L, <ul, to, panis, bread], pry-vision for younger children of idngs, per­quisite, dependency, attribute,

Ap-pa-ra'tua [L, apparatus (p.p. of appaT(i7x\ to prepare for", ad, for, pamre, to preparcj, iostrumeut, means of doing something.

Ap-pax'el [O.F. apareiller^ to dress; L. ad, to, par, equal], dross ; to clothe,

Ap-pa'rent [see Appear], easUy seen. Ap-pa-ri'tion, appearance, ghost. Ap-peal' [O.E'. apeUr^ to call; L. ad, to, peUire,

to drive], call, refer to ; act of appealing, right of appealing.

Ap-peat' [L. ad, to, parSre, to come in sight], be or como in ^ght.

Ap-pear'anc6, act of appeariug, looks. Ap-pease' 5~z [O.F. djiaisier; L. ad, to,

pax (pads), peace], to calm. Ap-pel'Iant, one who appeals. Ap'pel-la'tion, name. [add. Ap-penii' [1^. ad, to, pendere,tQ hang], hang to, Ap-pend'age, something appended to. Ap-pend'ix, part added to a book, small pert

atlaclied to tlie surface of a bodily orj- an. Ap-per-taia' [L. ad, to, pertinCre, to belong],

belong, Ap'pe-tite [O.F. appetit; L. ad, to, pcUic (p.p.

petUu&\ to seek], desire or relish for foo l. Ap'pe-ti^ [see Appetite], whet the appetite.

Ap-plaud' [L. ad, to, plauda-c (jup. plausus)^ to clap (hands)], express approval loudly.

Ap-plause' (s-=c), act of applauding. Ap'ple [O.E. icppel], a fruit, pupil of the eye. Ap-pli'ance, act of applying, thing applied. Ap-pli-ca'tion, appliance, indu^itry, request. Ap-pl/ [O.F. aplier\ L. applicare; ad, to,

plicure, to fold, twine], put to use, iix ciosely, make request.

Ap-point' [O.F. ajointcT] it point, to the point], Hx, name for.

Ap-poiut'meni, oflice, act of appointing. Ap-por'tion [U.F. apportionntr; (i, to, portion-

ner, to portion out], divide out. Ap'po-site [L. ad, to, ponere (i).p. positxis), to

put], suitable, pat. Ap-po-si'tion, state of being close together

or side by side, especially of two nouns referring to the same thing.

Ap-praise' (5=2) [L. ad^ to, i^retiiim, a price], set a value on.

Ap-pre'ci-a-Ue (<:i=sh), noticeable. Ap-pre'ci-ate [L. ad, to, pretiiim, price], to

value, estimate justly, rt-c in value. Ap-pre-ci-a'tion, just estimate of worth,

iucreasG in value. Ap'pco-hend' [L. ad^ to, prehendcre (p.p. pre-

hensus)j to grasp], take hold of, arrest, undei-stand.

Ap-pre-hen'sioii, a seizing, arrest, under­standing, leac.

Ap-pre-hen'sivf, in dread of liarm. Ap-pren'ticc Qce^iss) [O.F. appreittis; Late

L. apprenditus (used as p.p. of apprindere, to learn); short for appreketulere], one bomid to a master to loaru a trade.

Ap-prise' [F. appris, fern, apprise (p.p. of apprcndre), to learn], give notice,

Ap-proaoh' [O.F. aprachier; L. ad, to, propc, near], come near; act of drawing near, path to a building.

Ap-pro-ba'tion [see Approve], act of approv­ing, good opinion.

Ap-pro'pri-ate [L. ad, fco, proprius, one's own], talce to one's self; suitable.

Ap-prov*al (0=00), good opinion. Ap-piove' 0^00) [O.F. (iprour; L. ad, to,

pTobare, to test], prove, think well of, con-Ih'm.

Ap-prox'i-mate [Ii. CLd, to, pwxivms, nest], come near to ; near.

Ap-pui'te-nance [see Appertain], something belonging to another tuing.

A'pri-cot \a—ai) [formerly also apricock. Span. amiTi)zoquz; Arab, al hurgiq\ Qk. praicocion; L. pntjcoquus, early ripe], a stone fruit.

A'pril [ti. aperlTe, to open], the fourt'h month of the year (B-om. second).

A'pron [formerlyjirtpro?!. O.F. naperon, dim, of 7wi73(!?, a table-cloth ; L. rnappa, a cloth], article of dress worn in front.

Apse [Uk. hapsis. a felloe of a wheel, a curve, an arcli], recess at the east end cf a church,

Apt [L. apere (p.p. aptiis), to lib, to join tocrcther], fit, quick to learn, Uablc.

Apt'i-tude, fitness, readiness in learning.

Aptness n Arrears Apf ness, fitness. A-gua'ri-um [h. aquUriujUy a water-Tesacl;

aqua^ water], tank or pond for keeping aquatic plants and animals.

A-ijuaf ic tJJ. aqua^ water], living in water. Aci'ue-dnct [L. aqua, water, ducere Qi.p.

ductus), to lead], bridge, pipe, open channel or tunnel made to convey water.

A'qu6-ons, watery, made by water. Aq'ui-line [L. aguila^ an eagle], like an eagle,

hooked. Ar'a-ble [L- arare, to plough], fit for plough­

ing. A/bit-er, Ar-bl-tra'tor [L. arbiter^ a judge],

one chosen to judge. Al'bi-tra-iy, following one's own will. Ai'bit-rate, hear and decide. Al-bi»tra'tion, settlement by arbitrators. Ar-bo-re'tum [L. arbor, a tree], place for

growing trees. Ar-bor-i-cul'ture [L. arbor (arhoris\ a tree,

culiura, culture], cultivation of trees, Al'bour, Arbor [Orig. ]i)erher; O.F. (h)crbier,

a grass lawn; herbal grass, herb. Form of the word due to confusion with arbor, a tree], slielter covered with branches, etc.

Arc [I/. artniSj a bow], part of a circle. Ar-cade' [Ital. areata; L. arcus, a bow],

arched walk. Arch [O.F. arcJie; L. area, a chest, con­

fused with L. arcus, a bow], curved structure over an open space; to span.

Aich [from Gt. prefix arch-, arcid-, chief), chief, roguish.

Ar-cftse-oro-gy [Gk. arche, beginning, logos, discourse], study of remains of long-past times.

Ar-cAa'-ic, old. Ar'e/ia-ism. [&k. arcliaios, old], a word or

expression no longer commonly in use. ArcA'an'gel [G-k. archi-, chief, aggelos, a

messenger], chief angel. ArcU'bish'op [Gk. archi-, chief, ejriscopos, a

bishop], chief bishop. Areh'er [h. arcdrias; arcus, a bow], one who

shoots with a bow. Ar'che-type (ch=Ic) [Gk. arche, beginning,

and ti/pos, a type], original model. Ar'chi-pel'a-go (ch=k) [Gk. arc/ii-y chief,

pelagos, sea], sea dotted with many islands. Ar'chi-tect (ch~c) [Gk. arcM-, chief, tcctdn,

a builder], one who plans buildings-Ar'chi-tec'ture (cA==:&), art of building. Ar'chives (ck=k) [Gk. archeion, a public

building; arche, government], records, place where records are kept.

Arc'tic [Gk. arctos, a bear], relating to the region round the Horth Pole.

Ar'dent [L. ardere, to bum], hot, fiery. Ar'doui [L. ardere, to burn], warmth, zeal, Ar'du-oua [L. arduus, steep], hard, difficult. A'l&'a [L. area, an open space], surface.

sunken front courtyard. A-re'oa t^. arena, sand], sand-covered area

in an amphitheatre, place of public contest. Ar'gent [F. argent; L. argentum, silver],

silver (colour), esp. in heraldry.

Ar-gil-la'ceoU3 [L. argilla, clay, esp. while clay; Gk. «r tf>J, white], of clay.

Ai'gon [Glc a-, not, ergon, work, neut. of • argos, idle], a gas, inert constituent of atmosphere.

Ar'gue [L, argttere, to make clear], give reasons for or against.

Ar'gu-ment, reason for or against. Ar'gn-men'fca-tivc, consistic^ of or given to

argument. Ar'id [L. ariditSi dry], dry, parched. A-righf [a, on, and Eight], rightly. A-rise' (s=z) [O.E. Or, intensive prefix, risan,

to rise], get up-Ar'is-ioe'ra-cy [Gk. aristos, best, craiia,

rule], the nobility, government by the nobility,

A-ris'to-crat, one of a ruling class, a noble. A-iith'me-tie [G^ arit^mos, number], science

of numbers. Ark [O.E. arc, prob. fr. L. area, a box], chest,

Noah's chest-like ship. Ann [O.FI. earm, cogn. with L. amius^ the

shoulder], limb from shoulder to liand, anything like an arm.

Arm [L. armdrc, to furnish with arms; arma, arms], tako np or fuiTiish with arms (usu. pL), weapon.

Ar-maH^'Io [Sp- armadillo, dim. of armada, armed one], S. American burrowing animal with a hard shell.

Ar'ma-ment [L. armamentum; see Anns], force armed for war,

Ar'mis-tice (ice~is$) (L. arma, arms, stdre, to stand], stop for a time in fighting.

Ar'mour [L. arrndtUra; arma, arms], arms for protecting. Armo'riaL

Ar'mour-ei, maker of anns, one in charge ot arms.

Ar'mour-y, place where arms are kept. Arm'pit [Arm and Fit], hollow between

shoulder and arm. Arms [L. arma, arms], weapons, devices

borne on shields and banners by families, kingdoms, etc.

Ai'my [F. arm^e; L. armare, to arm], body of m.en armed for war,

A-ro'ma [Gk. aroma, a spice], agreeable smell, fragrance.

A-ro-maf ic, fragrant, spicgr. A-round' [a-, on, and Round], on every side,

about. A-rouse' [ft (intensive), and Rouse], stir up. ' Ai-iaign' [O.iP. araianier; &, to, raison (L.

ratio'), reason], to call to the bar of a court to answer to a charge, accuse.

Ar-range' [O.F. d, to, rangier, to range], put in order, Arrange'ment.

Ar'rant [variant of Errant], thorough (in a bad sense).

Ar'ras [F. Arras, a town in Artois famed for tapestry], tapestry.

Ar-ray' [O.F. areyer; L. ad, to, and L.G. rSde, ready], order of battle, dress ; draw up in order, dress.

Ax-rears' [L. ad, to, retro, behind], that which remains unpaid.

Arrest V2 Assets Ar-rest' [L. ad, to, rtUdre, to staj ], to stop,

seizo b j authority of law; act of arrest­ing, seizure.

Ar-ri'val, coming to a place. Ar-nve' [L. ady to, rlpa, a ban!., shore],

come, reach. Ar'ro-gant, proud and msolent, Ar'ro-gate [L. ad, to, rogare (p.p. rogatus)^ to

asTc], claim unduly or proudly. Ar'roiy [0 13. car/;, arwe\, pomted weipon to

be shot from a bow. Ar'roi6'-roofc [so named because used as an

antidote against poisoned ario'^s, plant yielding starch used as iood.

As'sea-al [Ital. arsenals; Arab. cZar, a bouse, al, the, gtna'ah, construction], place lor V, arlike stores.

Ar'sen-ic [Arab, azzermlh, al, the, zermUi, orpiment, yellow aitiemc], mmeial poison.

Ar'son [L. arderc (ii.p, arsics), to burn], wilful settmg on Are.

Art [L. ars (ar^w), art], slall m domg some special work well, pamtmg and sculpture, cunmng.

Ar'te-ry [L. and Gk. artcna, the wmdpipe], vessel which conveys blood from the heart

Ar-te'si-an [r. Ariois, town in France, L. Arlesizmi], kind of deep well bored into the earth.

Arf ful, cunnmg. At'ti-choke [Xtal. articiocco; Arab, al

kkarshnf], a thistle-like plant. Ar'ti-eJe f i . articulzis, d^m. ot arlas^ a omt^^

djstmct portion, particular one, part of speech (m grammar).

Ar-tic'u-late [see Article], jointed, distmctly uttered; to jomt, speak distmctly.

Ar-tic'u-la'hon, connection by joints, utter­ance of distmct sounds.

Ar'ti-dc© (icc=?ss) [L. ar^ (ar«-is), art, facere, to make], skill, cunnmg.

Ar-tifi-cer, mecliamc, one whose work re­quires special skUI.

Ar-ti-fi'cial, made by art, not natural. Ar-til'ler-y [O.F. artillene, f r, artillcr, a malcr

of aitiUery; L. ars (art-is), art], cinuon, soldiers who manage the cannon

Al'ti-san [L. artUus, skdled, ars (art-is), ait], handicraftsman,

Arf ist, one who practises a fine art. Ar-tis'tic, loUowmg the rules of art. Artless, without art, simple. As [cQutr, of Also, O.E. allswci], m the same

degree, though, which, while. As-bes'tos [Gk. a-, not, sbestos, quenchable],

fibrous mineral which does not burn. As-cend' [L. ad, to, scandere Q) p scansrts),

to climb], go up, chmb. As-cend'an-cy, or As-cead'en-cy, control. As-cen'sion, rismg. As-cenf, rise, act of cUmbmg As-cer-tain' [L. ad, to, ccrnere, to decide],

find out, make suie. As-Cet'ic [&lt. adj. ascclicos, fiom noun

ascetes, one given to exercise, an athlete] extremely self-denymg ; one v ho practiseo rigid EeU-demaJ

Vscnbe' [L. ad, to, scnbere, to ^^ritej, refer to a person or c luse.

A-sep'tic [Gk. a , not, scpti^os^ decaying], not lidble to decay.

Ash [O.D, (Tsc], kind of tree Ash (usu, pi ) [O.E. ascc, ashes], remaim. of

what IS burned. A-3hamed' [O.I i. a-, very, scamtga, to sliame],

full of shame. Ash'lar [L. axilla, dim. of azis, an a^ib, a

board], masonry consistuig of square hewn stones.

As'l-nme [L. a^tmcs, an ass], oi or like an ass. Ask[O.B. 'uciav,acsia7i], to qiicstion, call for

an answer. A-skanes' P], with a side glance, s'doways. A-skew' [?], twisted to one side. Asp [Gk, aspis], small poisonous -serpent. As-pat'argus [Gk asparaoos, Etym doubtful.

Larlier spanow-grassi, garden vegetable. As'pect [L. aspicere (p.p aspcchis), to look at ;

ad, to, specere, to look], look. [poplir. Asp'en, Asp [O.E. cc-pe, tej^s], trembling As-per'i-ty [L. asper, lough], harshness. As-per'sion [L. aspcrgere (p.p. aspersus), to

besprinkle], slander, evd reDoit. As'phalt (jjfi=f) [G-k. asphaUos, asphalc (an

Eastern woid], raineial pitch. As'pho-del ivh^f) [Gk. asphoddosl, phnt of

the lily kmd. [suffocate. As-phyx'i-ate [Gk. or, not, sphyxis, pul^c], As'pie [Etym. dub.], savouij me it-jeily. As'puyant (or As-pi'rast) [sea Aspire], ose

who aspires, candidate. As'pi-rate, breathmg sound, scjimd of h. As-pi-ra'tion, desire, drawmg of bieath As-pire' [Ij- ad, to, spirarc, to breathe], to

aim at lugher things Asg [0 E. assal, animal of horse family with

long ears. Aa'sa-gai, As'se-gai [Arab, azzaghayah, al,

the, and a Berber word zaghayah~\, slender spear.

As-sail' [-L. ad, to, sahre, to k>ap], attack. As-sail'ant, one wlio attacks. As-sas sm [Arab, hasltshash, lia^hishiyj/, eattr

of ha^^hish, the dried leaver of a kmd of hemp], one who tries to kill tieaLhcroii^ly.

As-aas'sin-ate, kdl by secret as aidfc. As-sault' [L. ad, to, sahre (p.p. saltus), to

leap], violent attack ; to attack. As-aa/ [same as Essay], try (the purity of

metal or ore). As-sem'blage, As-sem'bly, company, As-sem'ble [O.E. asembler ; Late L. assimv^

lare, to bung togethei; ad^ to, sxmul, to­gether], come or bimg together.

As-sent [L ad, to, sen^irc, to feel, to perceive], agree to ; act of agreemg tcj

As-sert' [L- ad, to, serere (p.p. sertiis), to join], say that anything is so. [asserted.

As-ser'tion, act of asserting, or that wluch is As-sess' [L. assidtre (p p. asisesstis), to sit

neir], hx the value of Asaess'or. As'sets [0 P. afez, enough ; L ad, to, satu,

enough], property (of a baiikrupfc or of a deceased person).

Asseverate 13 Attraction As-sev'ei-ate [Xi. ad, to, scvems, eamest],

assert seriously. As-si-du'i-ty, constEint attention, diligence. As-sid'u-ous [L. assid/ims^ fr. assidere, to

sit near], diligent, nnircaried. As-sign' (sign=sine) [L. arf, to, signum, a

mark], mark out, make over. Aa'sig-na'tion, appointment to meet. As-sim'i-late fL. cid, to, similis, like], make

like, absorb. As-;Sisf [L. ad, to, sistcre, to place], to lielp. As-sisf ance, help. As-sist'ant, helper. As-si'zea [O-T*. asise, assembly of judges, a

tax; L. ad, to, scdere (p.p. sessus), to sit], sessions o£ the judges ia English and Irish county towns.

As-so'ci-ate (c=sh) [L. ad., to, socizts, a com­panion], keep company; companion.

As-so'ei-a'tion, union. As-soil'zie (assoil'yi) fcf. arch. assoU, to ab­

solve from sin, 3rd pers. sing. pres. inc^c. of O.T?. assoudre; L, ab, irom, solvere,

• to loosen]. Scottish law term meaning to acquit.

As'sonanco [L. ad, to, somis, sound], re­semblance of sound; rhyming of vowels of corr^ponding syllables and not of the consonants.

As-sort [L. ad, to, sors (sort-is), lot], arrange, sort, classify.

As-suage' («=w) [L. ad, to, sndvis, sweet], soften, calm.

As-sume' [L. ad, to, sumere (p.p. sumptiis), to take], take upon oneself, take for granted.

As-sump'tion, act of assuming, a thing assumed.

As-su'rance (ss^sh), positive statement, con­fidence, impudence, insurance.

As-sure' [L. ad, to, sScurus, safe], say with certainty.

As'ter [Gk. aster, a star], kind of flower. As'ter-isk [Gk. a^teriskos, a little star], star-

shaped mark (*). A-stern' [«-, m, at, and Stern], in or at the

stern. [planet. Aa'ter-oid [Crk. aster, a star, eidos, form], small Asf/i'ma IGk. asthma, fr, azein, to breathe

hard], disease which causes shortness of breath. ' -

A-stir' [a-, on, and Stir], in active motion. As-ton'ish T * ^^) ^^^^ ionare, to thunder],

surprise greatly. As-tound' [see Astonish], stun with surprise. As'tral [L. astralis ; astnmi, a star], pertain­

ing to the stars, starlike. [way. A-stra/ [a-, on, and Stray], out of the right A-stride' [a-, on, and Stride], with legs apart. A-strin'gen-cy [see AstrxDgent], po^^er of

contracting. A-strin'gent pj . axl, to, strirujere, to draw

tight], substance that produces contrac­tion : contracting.

As-troVo-gy [G-k. astron, a star, logos, a discourse], study of the stars forthe purpose of foretelling events.

As-tron'o-mer \G^ astron, a star, nomos, a law], student of astronomy,

As-tron*o-my, the science of the stare. As-tute' [L. aststus, crafty], shrewd. A-snn'der [a-, on, and Sunder], apart, in two. A-s/lmn [Gk. as7jlo7i; a-, not. sijle, a right of

seizure], place of refuge and protection Cesp, for lunatics).

At'av-ism [L- atavus, great-grandfather's grandfather], resemblance to remote ancestors, reversion to original type in plants and animals. Atavis'tic,

A'the-ism [Gk. a-, not, theos, God], belief that there is no God.

Ath'Iete [Gk. athletes, a combatant], one who excels in physical csercises.

Ath-let'ie, of or connected with, athletes. A-thwarf [a-, on, and Thwart], across. Atlas [Gk. Atlas, a demi-god, who earned

the world on his shoulders], book of maps. At'moa-phere [Gk. atmos, vapour, sphaira, a

sphere], whole mass of air. Atmospber'ic. A-toll' [ilaldive atollon, atoll^.^ ring-shaped

coral i<;land. At'om [Gk. atomos, indivisible; a-, not,

tcmnein, to cut], particle too smal] to be divided. Atom'ic.

A-tone' [At and One], set at one, make up for. A-tone'ment, a setting' at one, amends. A-tro'cious [ci=zh) [L. atrox (jxtroc-is), cmel],

extremely wicked. A-tro'ci-ty (5), cruel wickedness. Af lO-phy [Gk. airopAza; a-, not, and tropiS,

food], a wasting away. At-tach' [L. ad, to, and the root of Tack],

bind, fasten. At-tach'ment, act of attaching, afCection. At-tack' [a doublet of Attach], fall upon; onset, At-tain' [L. ad, to, tarigere, to touch], reach

by effort. At-tain'der [see Attain], loss of civil rights in

consequence of sentence of death, etc. At'tar [Arab, 'utur, perfume; fr. "atara, to

breathe perfume], fragrant oil obtained from roses. [trial.

At-tempf [L. ad, to, tmtare, to try], t ry; At-tend' [L. ad, to, tendere (p.p. tentus), to

stretch], give heed to, be present at, wait. At-fend'ance, waiting, presence. [with, At-tend'ant, one who attends; going along At-ten'tion, act of giving heed to. [thin. At-tea'u-ate [L. ad, to, temiis, thin], become At-test' [L. ad, to, testis, a witness], bear

witness to. Attesta'tion. Aftic [fi-om the Attic order of architecture;

Q\,Atticos, Attic], roomjnst below the roof. At-tire' [O.P. alircr, to adorn; &, to, tire,

Here, a row], to dress; dress. [posture. At'ti-tude [L. aptitudo, aptitude ; aptiis, lit], Afti-tu'di-'Dize, strike afcfcitades. At-tor'ney (_o=ii as in Turn) [L. ad, to, tor-

ndre, to turn], in English law, any pei-son authorised to act for another, ],awyer.

At-tract' [L. ad, to, trahcre (p.p. tractus), to draw], draw to.

At-trac'tion, power Q^ drawing fco, that wliich attracts.

Attractive 14 Avocation At-trac'tivc, havinfj the power of attracting. At-trib'ute [li. ad, to, tribuere (p.p. tributus),

to assign], rercr, as an eilect to a cause. Afki-bute [see Attribute (vb,)], quality

which belongs to. At-tri'tioa [I/, aiterere (p.p. aitrVus\ to rub

Ji-wayj, a rubbing away, friction. At-tune' [L. ad, to, and Tune], put in. tune. Au'buni EL. alb umiiSj whitish], reddish brown

(used ol! hair). Auc'tion [L. augSrc (p.p. anctus), to increase],

public sale to highest bidder. Auc-tion-eer^, one who sells by auction. Au-da'cious IL. avdax (atiddc-is), bold], bold, Au-da'ci-ty, boldness. [heard. Au'di-ble [L. avdirc, to hoar], that can be Au'di-ence [L. aztdlre^ to hear], a hearing,

assembly o£ hearers. Au'difc [L. avdtre, to hear], examine and

adjust accounts; an esaminafciou of ac­counts.

Au'di-tor, one who audits accounts. Au'ger [O.E. nafugar^ an auger; na/w, a nave,

gar, a piercer], tool for boring holes. hxLght [O.E. dm, &wikU fr. «> ever, and

wiht, wight, whit], anything. Aug-ment' [L. atigmenlS.re, to enlarge, fr.

augere, to increase], maJiC or grow larger. Aug-men-ta'tiou, increase. Au'gur [L. auguT^ a soothsayer, perh. fr.

avis^ a bird, and garrirey to talk], one who foretold the future from observation of birds; forebode.

Au'gu-ry, omen, sign of the future, [noblo. Au-gnst' [I/. aicgustitSj venerable], majestic, Au'gusi [li. Aitgustiis (inetisis), (month) of

A.ugusfc, named alter Aicgiistus Cmsar], eip;hth month of the year (Rom, sixth).

Auk [cogn, with Swed. aU'a; Dan, alke; O.N. dlka, an auk], Arctic sea-bird.

Aunt [L. amita^ a father's sister], sister of father or mother.

Au'ie-ole [L. aureola, golden; aurum^ gold], halo, circle of rays of light.

Au-ric'U-lar [L. auricula, the lobe of the ear, double dim. of auris, the car], told in the car. [gold-bearmg.

Au-rif er-ous [L. auram^ gold, Jerre, to beir], Au'rist [L. auris, the ear], ear-doctor. Au-ro'ra Bo-xe-a'lia [L. aurora, dawn,

horealis, norfchei-n], northem lights. Aus-eul-ta'tion C * dusciiltare Cp.p- a-iscul-

tatus), to listen], examination of health by listening to the sounds of the ch.est, etc.

Aus'pi-ces [L. auspidum, watching of birds for omens; avis, a bird, specere, to look into], omens, patronage.

Aus-pi'cious (pi) [see Auspiees], giving promise of success, [severe.

Aus-tere' [Grk. austeros, harsh; aucin, to dry], Aus-ter'i-ty, plainness, severity, Aus'tral [IJ. Australis, southern; Aitster,

south, wind], southern. Au-then'tlc [tjk. authcntes, one who does a

thing hunself], genuine. Au-then'ti-eate [M.IJ. authtntic&re \ see

Authentic], prove authentic,

Au-theu-ti'ci-ty i short), genuineness. Au'thor [L. auctbr, an originator, augdre (p.p.

auctus), to increase], one who creates, a •writer of boolcs. [manding.

Au-thor'i-ta-tive, having authority, com-Aa-thor'i-ty [see Author], right to command

or to act, a person In power, book or person referred to In. support of a statement.

Au'thor-ize, give a right to act. Au'to-bi-og'ra-phy [Grk. avios, self, bic3, life,

graphein, to write], history of a -life written by the subject of it.

Au'to-bu3 (short for automobile omnibus), motor-bus.

Au'to-erat [&k. autos, self, cratos, might], unconti oiled i-uler. '

Au'to-graph [Gk. atitos^ self, grapffein, to writ-e], one's own handwriting, signature.

Au-to-maf ic [see Automaton], self-acting. Au-tom'a-tou L(P1. -ta) [Gk, azttonatos, seU-

moving; antes, self, -matos, movinij], machine which is or appears to be self-acting.

Aa-to-mo-bile' (i—ee) [E. fr. Gk. autos, self; L. movere, to move, moving], motor-car.

AU'ton'o-my [Q-k. auios, self, nomos, law], Felf-government.

Au'fcumn \h. autumnns^ auctumnus, perh. from aiigere (p.p. audits'), to increase], third season of the year.

Au-tum'nal, of or peculiar to autumn. Aux-il'ia-ry [L. auxilmm, help], helping, a

helper; (pi.) foreign troops employed in war.

A-vail' [prob. fr. F. valoir, to be worth; L. valere, to be strong], be of use or advantage; use, advantage.

A-vft'i'a-ble, that can be got or used f or-Av'a-lanehe i^. A val, to the valley], sliding

mass of snow or ice. Av'a-rtce (Scc=iss) [L. avariis, greedy], greed

of gain, Av'a-ri'cious (d—sh), greedy of gain, Avaunt [E. avaiit, forward], begone I A-venge' [O.P a^engier- li. ad^to^vindicarc^

to avei^e], take satisfaction lor a wrong. Av'e-nuc [L ad, to, remrc, to come], way of

approach, walk bordered by trees, broad street.

A-ver' [P. av&rer; L. ad, to, tindiverus, true], assert. [quantities.

Av'er-age [?], mean of unequal sums or A-verse', disinclined, unwilling. A-ver'sion, dislike, A-vert' [L. a (ab), away, and vertere, to turn],

turn from. A'vi-a-ry (A=ai) [L, avis, a bird], place for

keeping birds. A-vi-a'tion (A=ai) [L. avis, a bird], act or art

of travelling in flying-machines or airships, etc,

A'vi-a-toi (A^a^), one who directs a flying-machine, aij^hip, etc. [eagerness.

A-vid'i-ty [L, avidics, greedy], greediness, A-vo-ca'tion [L. a (ab), away, vocure (p.p.

vocdtus), to call], hobby (improperly used for Vocation),

Avoid 15 Bait &.-VOid' [O.I?, es (L. ex\ out, vuide^ void], ' keep clear of, AVoi'r-dn-jiois' (s=z) [F, avoir du pois, to

have weight], British standard system of weights,

A-voueh' [O.P, avocMer; L. advocare; see I Vouch], affirm, call upon as defender,

A-vow' E-L. ady tOj voverey to TOW], declare openly. Avow'aL [wait for.

A-wait' [O.^.F. aicaitier^ cogn. with Wait], A-TCOJce' [O.E. awoecnan; see Wake], rouse;

not sleepily. A-wa'ken [see Waken], awake, arouse. A-ward" [A-F, awarder', O.F, es (L. ea;), out,

guarder, to guard], adjudge, assign after consideration; final decision of judges,

A-ware' CO.E.j?fao(w], on guard, conscious of. A-way* [O.E. on iceg^ on way], to or at a

distance, without ceasing, without delay. Awe [O.E. ege^ awe], reverence mingled with

fear, AVM, lining with awe, dreadful. Awk'waid [perh. fr. O.N. afug^ turned the

wrong way], clumsy. Awl [O.E. col]^ pointed tool for boring holes

in leatlier or wood, Awn'ing [perh. fr. P. auvent, efcym. dub.],

canyas roof. A-wt^' [a-, on, and Wryj, turned or twisted

to one side. Axe [O.E. cex; akin to G-k. azine and perh,

L. cicia], tool for hewii^ tunber, etc. Ax'il-la-ry [L. axilla, the armpit], pertaining

to the armpit. Ax'i-oni [Gk. azi5ma\ axiodn, to approve],

self-evident truth, Axioma'tic. Ax'is [L;, axis, an axis, a pivot], imaginary

line on which a body revolves or about which'.parts are arranged.

Ax'le [Icel. oisuU, aa:is, dim. of form found in L. axis, a pivot], pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves.

Ax'le-tree [Axle and Tree], bar or beam con-necting'the opposite wiieels of a carriage.

Ay, Aye ( ^ 0 [pcrh. variant of Yea], yes, A'yah (-47/= *) [Port, aia, a nurse, governess],

native Indian nurse or lady's maid. Aye (at) [Q.IH. ei, ey, cogn. with L. aevum, an

agej, ever, always. A-zale-a (za=2ai) [G-k. azalea, fern, of azaleas,

dry], kind of flowering shi-ub. A'zure (or Az'ure) z=zh) [O.P. azur ; M.L.

azura; Axab. al, the, lazward, fr. Pers. lazhward,' an azure-coloured stone named from the mines of Lajward], sky-blue.

BaVble [imit. of a baby's " ba-ba"], utter unmeaning words; seiKsIess talk, murmur.

Ba'bd [fr. the tower described in Gen. xL], confusion of sounds, din,

Ba'hoo, Ba'bu' [Hindu bahu\, Hindu title like Mr, native Indian clerk who writes English.

Bab-OOn' [?], large ape. _ p Bac-c/ia-na'li-an [L. JBacchanalis, a wor- O

shipper of Jiacckiis], given to drunken revels.

Bach'e-lor [L, baccaldrius, a farm-servant], unmarried man, one •who has taken the lowest degree in arts, etc.

Ba-cil'lus (pi. -li) [L.L. dim. of L. haculus, a stick], microscopic rod-shaped organism, disease-germ.

Back [O.E. baec], hinder part of the body in man, upper pait in beasts; in the rear, to the place from which one came ; to sup­port, bet on, move backward.

Back'bi'ter, one who speala spitefully of an absent person.

Back'gam'mon [Back and M,E. gamm, a game], game of chance played with draughts and dice.

Back'ground, ground or space behind, part of-picture, etc., that sets off things in front,

Back'hand', Baek-hand'ed, with the hand turned backward, indh'ect.

Back-slide', fall back into sin, Back'ward, directed to the rear, dull, behind­

hand. Ba'con [O.E. bacon, fr. O.H.G. bacho], cured

back and sides of a pig, Bac-te'*ri-um (pi. Bac-te''ri-a) [Gk. bactirion^

dim, of bactron, a stick], microscopic vegetable organism.

Bad [M.E. badde^ perh. O.E. bmddel\^ woi-th-less, of poor quality, wicked.

Badge [M,E. etjon, dub.], thing worn as a distinctive mark.

Bad'ger [iloclern E., perh, fr. Badge], burrow­ing animal; to worry,

Bad'in-age (age^ahzh) [E. baditier, to jest], . banter, light jocularity.

Bsd'zma-ton [name of country seat of Duke of Beaufort in Gloucester], kind of lawn-tennis played vrith shuttlecocks, a summer drink.

Baffle [?], check, defeat. Bag [O.N. baggi; cf. O. Swed. bagge, a pack],

sack or pouch ; put in a bag; capture, swell like a bag.

Bag'a-telie' [It. bagatdla, a trifle, dim. perh. of baga, a chest], trifle, game resembling billiards. [luggage.

Bag'gage [O.P, bagage; bague, a bundle], Bag'pipe, musical wind-instrument. BaU 1 [Ii. bajuldre, to carry a burden], security

for the appearance of a prisoner, to get out of custody on bail, to procure release by giving bail.

Bail" [L.L. bacula, dim. of bacca, baca, a water ve^el], throw water out of a boat.

Bail 3 [O.E. perh. fr. L. baculum, a stick], cro^-pieces over stumps at cricket,

Bail'ie [see Bailifi], towTi magistrate in Scot­land.

Bail'ifi pJatQ L. bajidlmts, a custodian], sheriff's deputy, overseer of an estate.

Bait [O.N. beita, to cause to bite], something on a hook to attract fish; furnish with bait, torment for sport.

Baize 16 Baptistery Baize [mistake for baycs, pi. fem. of P. bai^

L. badius, chestnut-coloured], coarse woollen clotlY. (^eat.

Bake [O.E. bacan\^ cook or harden in dry Bake'house, place for bakiug. Ba'ker, one who bakes, Ba'ker-y, bake-house. Bal'ance [L. hilanx (bilanc-is\ having two

ecal*H; hi (bu)^ twice, lanx^ plate, scale of a balance], pair of scales, equality of weight, etc., excess on either side of an account; poise, weigh, make an entry necessary to equalize accounts.

Bal'eo-ny [It. balcone, a stage; O.H.G. balcho^ a beam], gallery in front of a window.

Bald (a=aw) [Gael, and Irish &aZ, a spot, orig. a white spot], without hair on the head, bare. [nonsense.

Bal'der-dash [Du. balderen, to roar (?)], Bal'driC (a=aw) [O.F. baudrd, cf. IT.H.G.

baldi'richy perh, fr. balteus^ belt; L. baltes], warrior's belt slung from one shoulder to opposite Iiip.

Bale rO.F. bale, fr. It. balla, palla, fr. O.H.G. balla, pallay or Ok. palla, ball], large package of goods.

Bsde [O.E. balu, evil], misery. Bale [see Bail 2], throw out water. Bale'lul, hurtful, woeful. Balk, Baulk (bawk) [O.E. hatca, a ridge],

ridge of land left unploughed, great beam; baffle, hinder.

BalU [M.B. bal; O.H. bdllr], round mass. Ball 2 [LateL. ballare, to dance], assembly for

dancing. Bal'lad [Provenijal baladUt a dancing-song],

short narrative poem. Ballast [perh. 0. Swed. and 0. Dan. barlast,

a bare load, mere weight], any heavy sub­stance put into the hold to keep a ship steady.

Bid-loon' taugment. form of It, haUa. See Balli], ball filled with gas.

Bal'lot [It. ballottay dim. of balla, a ball. See BaU^], secret voting by use of balls, tickets, or papers; vote by ballot.

Balm (al=ah) [L. fiflisamwrn,balsam], fi-agrant herb, anyttiing soothing.

Balmy (al= ah), fragrant, mild. Bai'sam (al—awl) [L. bdlsamumlj fragrant

resin, annual garden plant. Bal'us-ter [It. halausta,; Gk. balaiistion, the

flower of the wild pomegranate], pillar supporting a protecting rail.

Bal'us-trade, row of balusters topped by a rail edging a balcony or staircase.

Bam-too' [Malay bwmhW^, giant grass with a .. woody stem. Bam-boo'zle [?], deceive by confusing, Ban tO.ii. ftaiinan, to summon], a curse; put

under a curse. Ban'al [1?. banaV\-> commonplace, stupid. Ba-na'na [Sp. banana-, from, imtivc namo in

Guinea], palm-like plant, also its fruit. Bandi [O. Teut. bindan, to bind; through

O.N. band; P. bande\, a tie, strap.

Band 2 [F. bande \ L.L. bandzim, banner, from Teut. as Baud^], a company; unite in a band.

Band'age [see Band^], strip of material used for biudmq:; cover with a bandage.

Ban-da'na [Ilindu bandhnu^ a method of dyeing by tying the cloth so as to prevent some parts from receiving the dye], coloured spotted handkerchief.

Band'bos [' ce Band i], light box for bands, etc. Ban'dit Qjl. Ban'dits or Ban-dit'ti) .[It.

bandiio^ pi. banditi; H.L. haniure^ to pro­claim], biigand.

Ban'dog [earlier ba7id-dcg, see Band ^], chained dog, mastiff.

Ban-do-leer', Ban-do-Iier' [It. bandoUera; banda, a band], shoulder-belt with cart­ridge-loops.

Ban'dy [F. bander, to bandy, at tennis], toss to and fro, exchange.

Ban'dy [perh. from bandy, a curved ptick for striking a ball in an old game called bandy], bent.

Bane [O.E. hana^ murder, ban], poison, cause of ruin.

Bang(?J \ot O.K. hanga; Dan. baiilce, to beat; 0. Swed. baiig ; Icel. hang, a hammering], to thump; heavy blow.

Ban'gle [Hindu bangri, a bracelet], ring for the arm or ankle.

Ban'iau, Ban'yan [Port, banyan*, Sanslirit banij, a merchant. The tree was used M a market-place for merchants], Indian iig'tree.

Ban'ish [0.5*. haniT (pr.p. banissanf]; Low L. baiinire^ to proclaim], drive away.

Ban'ish-ment, forced absence, exile. Ban'is-ter [corrupt, of Baluster], baluster. Ban'io [Negro corrupt, of earlier bandore;

Gk. pandoura, a musical insfcrimient ^iib three strings], stringed musical instrament,

Bank [jVr.E. banke (of Teut- origin)], mound, sitie of a river, etc.

Bank 2 [F. banque; It. banr.a^, place for depositing and lending money; put in a bank.

Bank'rupfc [Bank^ and L. rwnpere (p.p. Tuptus), to break], one who cannot pay his dobts ; unable to pay debts.

Bank'rupt-cy, state of being bankrupt, Ban'ner [Low L. baiuldria, a banner; prob­

ably allied to Band % flag. Banng [pi. of variant of Ban], proclama­

tion of marriage, Ban'Quet [1?., dim. of banc, a bench], feast. Ban'tam [from Bantam in Java], kind of small

fowl, soldier under normal minimum height..

Ban'ter [?], jest about; raillery. Bap'tism, washing with water as a sacrament. Bap-tize' [Gk. baptein, to dip], admmister

baptism. Eap'tist, ono who baptizes (esp. of John the

B.), one who approves of ad\ilt baptism only.

Bap'tis-ter-y or -try, building or part of a building where baptisms take place.

Bar 17 Bat Bar [Late L. harra, a bar], long piece,

hindrance, bank afc a river's mouth, line acrass the staff iu music, enclosure in court of justice, profession of barrister, counter where liquors are sold ; close by a bar, hinder.

Barb [L. barba^ a beardj, point that curves backward in an arrow, fish-hook, etc.

Barh [from Barbary]^ breed of horse from Barbary.

Bar-ha'ri-an [see Barbaious], a savage. Bar-^ar'ic [see Barbarous], like or belonging

to barbarous peoples. Bar'ba-rism, state of savagery, Bax-bar'i-ty, cruelty. Bar'bar-bus [(xk. barbaros, foreign, perh. imit.

of strange sounds of a foreign language], savage, uncivilized, cruel. [-dresser.

Bar'ber [L. barba, a beard], hair-cutter and Bar'bi-can [F. barhacanc, perh. fr. Arab.-

Pers. bab'lihanah, a gatehouse], projecting watch-T;ower over a gate.

Bard [W. barddx Gael, and Irish bd,Td^ a poet], minstrel, poet.

Bare [O.E. bccr']^ uncovered. Baiely, scarcely. Bar'gain [O.!". bargaigner; Late L. bar-

caniarcy to bargain], agreement, cheap purchase; make a bai^ain,

Barge [O.F.,prob. same as Bark3]i elegantly-fitted rowing-boat, ilat-bottomed freights boat.

Bar'i-tone [It. baritono; Gk. banjs, heavy, tonos., tone], voice between bass and tenor.

Baik* [Swcd. and Dan. baTk; O.N. bdrJcr\ rind of a tree.

Bark [O.E. beorcan], short, loud sound made by a dog; to utter barks.

Bark,^ BaiCfMe [F. bargue \ fr. It., Sp. or Port. • baTca, fr. L. barca, a ship's boat], three-

masted vessel (fore and main square-rigged). Bar'ley [O.E. bcerlic; Sere, barley, and Zfc,

like], kind of grain. Bann [O.E. beorma], yeast. Barn [O.E. here, barley, cem, a place for

storing], building for storhig grain, etc. Bar'na-cle [0.]?, hemagne. Etym: doubtful],

shell-fish adhering to ships, etc. Bar'na-cle^ (nsu. pi.) [M.B. bernalc^ O.F.

bemac\, hinged instrument placed on nose of a horse to keep it quiet; spectacles.

Ba-rom'e-ter \(jik. baros, weight, metron, a measure], instrument for measuring the weight of the atmosphere.

Bar'on [SI.E. and O.F. barun ; Late L. baro, (baron-is), a man], peer of the lowest rank.

BM'on-ess [O.F. bamesse; see Baron], fom. of baron.

Bar'on-et [dim. of Baron], hereditary title of honour below baron; Sir prefixed to name and Bart, added.

Bar'on-et-cy, rank of a baronet. Ba-ro'ni-al, relating io a baron or barony. Bar'o-ny, domain or rank of a baron. Ba-rouche' (oucJie=oosk) [It, baroccio, qrig.

a two-wheeled car; L. birotits, tWo-wheefedj, kind of four-wheeled carriage.

Bac'racks [It. baracca, a soldiers' tent], building to lodge soldiers.

Bar'rage [F. barre, a bar], obstruction put in a river to increase depth of water, artificial cloud of smoke raised to cover an attack.

Bar'rel [perh; from L.L: barra, a bar], a round wooden vessel made of bars or staves and bound with hoops; metalUc tube.

Bar'ren [?], produchig nothing. Bar-ri-cade' [Sp. barricada, a barricade;

barrica, a barrel], quickly-built barrier; defend by a barricade.

BM'ri-er [L.L. barra, a bar], anything which hinders approach,

Bar'ris-ter [L.L. barra, bar], pleader at the English or Irish bar.

Bax'tOW [O.E. beran^ to bear], small hand-or one-wheel carriage.

Bar'rotw [O.E, bcorg, a mountain], lai^e mound over a grave.

Bar'tei [O.F. barat, cheating], exchange of goods; trade by barter.

Ba'salt [L. basaltes^ from an African word], an igneous xocY.

Base^ [L. basis; Q-k. hasis^ a step, a base]; groundwork; found on.

B^Q^ [L.L. bassus^ short, low], vile, low. Base'hall, American kind of cricket. Basa'meni [see Bsse J, grouJid-QooT. Bash'ful [for Abash4-/«i], shy. Bag*!! is=z) [O.F. basile; Gk. basilicosy

royal], sweet herb. Bas'i-Iisk (pas= haz) [Gk. basiliscost a kinglet;

also a lizard, from a spot, like a crown, on the head], kind of lizard.

Ba'sin [perh. &om Late L. bacca, a water-vessel], hollow circular dish, land dramed by a river.

Ba'sis [L. and Gk. basis'], foundation, pedestal. Bask [0.N". batha sik, to bathe oneself], lie in

warmth. BM'ket [?], a vessel of wickerwork. Bass [O.E. bcerSy a perch; byrst, a bristle],

kind of fish. Bass [corrupt, of Bast], inner bark of the

lime, thick mat. Bass (a=02) p t . basso', see Base'], lowest

part in music, deepest male voice. Bass-re-lief, Bas-re-lie£' [see Base 2 and

EelieF], sculpture. Bas-^-nef [F. dim. of bassin, basin], hooded

cot or perambulator. Bas-soon' [perh. F. has son, deep sound],

double-reed instrument. Bast [O.E. bcesf], inner bark of the lime-

tree. [fat. Baste [?], beat, moisten roasting meat with Baste [O.F. bastin Etym. doubtful], sew

with long stitches. Bas-ti-na'do [Sp. bastonada, a beating, baston,

a stick]. Eastern punishment by blows on the feet with a stick.

Bas'ti-on [It. bastionc, L.L. hastire, to build], projecting part of a fortification.

Bat [Scand.; c£. Dan. aften-bakkCf evenmg-bat], flying animal with a body like a mouse.

Bat 18 Beeves Bat [O.F. baue^ club, batire^ to strike], flat

club for games. [one time. Batch [O.B. bacan, to bake], bread baked at Bate [short for Abate], abate. Bath [O.E. bceth, orig. a warm place], plunge

in water, a place for bathing. [water. Bathe [O.B, bathiajz], cover tho body with Ba'thog [O'k. bathos depth], absurd descent

from elcTated to common place in speech or writing'.

Bafman [F. hdt, pack-saddle], ofE.cer's servant, man in charge of pack-horse.

Bat'on fi'., etym. dub.], staS of office, truncheon.

Bat-tal'i-on [It. haltaglione^ a battalion; battaglia, a battle], body of foot-soldiers which is divided into companies.

Baf ten [another spoiling of Baton], narrow strip of timber, fasten with battens.

Baf ten [O.N. batna^ to grow better], grow fat (at expense of another).

Baf ter [Xi-equent. of obs. vb. bal], mixtui-e of flour, water, eggs, etc., beaten together], beat with force.

Bafter-y [F, batterie, fr; 6a«rc, to strike], section oi gims, company of artillery, apparatus for producing electricity.

Baf tie [Late L. battualiSj fighting; battuere, to beat], general fight.

Baftle-flore [perh. Prov. batedor, fr. batre, to beat, and suffix dor (tof)^ light bat.

Baftle-ment [O.P. balaiUcr, to fortKy, fr. bataille, a turret], notclied parapet.

Batt'iie [I*. batlTC, to beat]. Mud of hunt in which game are driven to the slaughter by beaters.

Bau'ble, Baw'ble [O.F. bahcU a child's toy], showy toy, trifle.

Bawl fAI-Ii. hmiVire, to bark], cry loudly. Bay [Laie L. haia, a harbour], inlet of the

Eea, space added to a room by a projecting window.

Bay [L. baca, a berry], kind of shrub. Bay [O.Ti', hayer, to yelp], bark at, barking.

At hay, forced to face round. Bay [P. hai\ L. badius, bay-co'oured],

reddish brown. Bay'o-net [perh. fr, Bayomie^ in France],

small spear or pike fixed at the end of a musket.

Ba-zaar', Ba-zar' [Pers. buzaVy a market], Eastern market, shop for fancy goods, fancy fair.

Beach [?], shore. Bea'con (ea=ce) [O.E, b6acn, a beacon],

signal-fire. Bead [orig. a prayer; O.E. gebcd, a prayer],

little ball pierced for s t r in^g . Bea'flle (€a=ca) [O.E. bydel; biodan, to bid],

inferior parish officer, court crier, caretaker of a church (va. Scotland), university mace-bearej'. Also Be'dell.

Bea.'gle (ca^^ce) l^evh,'E'.bt'giieuleivom bi'er, to gape, j/weu/e, throat], small himting-do<.

Beak [Late L. becous; of Gaulish origin], bill of a bird, projection at prow of ancient warship.

Beak'ei [perh. <!r. Gk. bikos^ a wine-vessel], large drinting-cup.

Beam [O.E. bdam, long piece of timber, ray. Bean [O.E. bian]^ plant of which the seed

is in pods, the seed. Bear (pair) [O.E. beran, to bear], hold up,

carry, biing forth. [animal. Bear [O.E. bera, heavy, thick-furred wild Beaid(ra = «)[O.E. beard, cf. Gcr. bart, hair

on the cbin. Beai'ing, carriage, relation. Beast [C. bcstia, a beast], four-footed animal. Beat [O.E. bdatmi], to, strike repeatedly, to

overcome ; stroke, course frequently gone over.

Be-a-tific [L. beaius, blessed,/ac^r^, to make], making happy? very happy.

Be-af i-tude [L. bedtus, blessed], bliss, (pi.) the blessings in the Sermon on the iJount.

Beau (6(J) (pi. Beaux) [F. beau, beautiful], dandy, lover.

Bsau'te-ous, Bectu'ti-ful, having beauty. Beau'ti-^, make beautiful. Beau'ty [O.E. bcaltCf beaute; L. bcllus, beauti­

ful], that which is pleasing to look at, hear, or tliink about, loveliness.

Bea'ver [O.E. beofor^ aquatic animal, its fur, kind of hat.

Bea'vet [M.E. haviere; O.i^. havihe, bib], lower part of a helmet.

Be-caba' al=a7i) [O.E. be-, causative, and E. calme; Gk. cauma, heat], make calm.

Be-cause' is~z) [By and Cause], by or for tho cause.

Beck [same as Beckon], sign, nod, etc. Beck [O.W. beklcr, small brook. Beck'on [O.E. biccm.n, to make signs], make.

a sign. Be-come' [O.E. becuman, to arrive; pref.

be- and Come],'Come to be, suit. Bed [O.E. bed, bedd, cf. Ger. belt], thing to

sleep on, bottom of a stream, layer of rock. Bcd'iling, mattress and bed-clothes, etc. Bed'lam [corrupt, of Bethlehem Asylum

in Loudon], niadhouse. Bed'lamite. Bed-ou-in' (i=^'ce) [Arab, badawin, pi. of

badamy, dweller in the desert], an Arab of the desert.

Bed'rid-^en [O.E, bedreda\ bed, a bed, and Tida, a rider], confined to bed.

Bed'stead [O.E, bed, a bed, stcdc, a stand], frame to hold a bed.

Bee [O.E. bio], honey-stormg insect. Beech tO.E. bdece, bice, both from an older

form b6c\, tree with a smooth bark. Beef [E. b(euf; L. b5s (bov-is^^ an ox], flesh

of an ox oroow* Beefeafer, yeoman of the guard. [hops. Beer CO.E. bior'], drink made of malt and Beet (L. beta, beet], plant with a thick root. Bee'tle^ [O.E. bktel; O. Teut. bautan, to

beat], wooden mallet. Bee'tle 2 [O.E. bitula, biter, bitan, to bite],

insect with an outer pair of sheath-Uke wings.

Bee'tle [jerh. from Beetle'], overhang. Beeves [see Beei], cattle.

Befall 19 Best Bo-fall' [pret he- and Fallj, happen to. Be-flf ting [pref. be- and Fit], suitable. Be-friend' [pref. he- and Friend], act as a

friend to. Beg [see Beggar), ask earnestly, to ask in

charity, Beg'sar [perh.=Beg Hard. The Beghards, or

Beguins^ were religious deyofcee.'3 in the thirteenth century], one who begs.

Beg'gai-ly, mean. Be-gin' [O.E. beginnan, ir. pref. be- and gin-

ntt% to begin], take rise, do the first part. Be-gin'ning, first act or part. [away I Be-gone' [O.E. pref. be- and ?an, to go], go Be-goile' [O.E. pref. be- and JPU, a wile],

deceive by guile, while away. Be'gum [Pers. begum^ a lady of .highest rank],

Indian Mohammedan princess. Be-ha?r [O.E. be-, by, healf, side], interest,

support. [oneself. Be-have' [O.E. &e-, by, and Have], conduct Be-ha'viour, manner of beharing. Be-head' [O.E. &e-, from, and Head], cut the

head off. Be-hesf [O.E. pref. &e- and Aces, a com­

mand], command. Be-hind' [O.E. be- and Mndan, at the back],

in or to the back of, too late. Be-hold' [O.E. be- and haldaUt to hold],

look at. Be-hold'en, indebted. Be-hoof [O.E. hihdj^, profit. Be-la'bour ibe- and Labour], beat sou'ndly. Be-la'ted [p.p. of obsolete belate; see Late],

too late, Be-lay* [O.E. be- and lecgan, to lay], fasten

a rope by winding round a pin. Belch [O.E. bcalcidTij to utter], eject violently

from within. Be-lea'guer (ea=ee) [Dutch 6e, round, and

leger, a camp], besiege. Bel'fry [O.F, berfrei, lelfroi; M.H.G.

bercorit, a watch-tower; bergen, to protect; OJl.Q.fndu^ peace], bell-tower.

Bo-lie' [O.E, be-, by, Uogan^ to lie], give a false notion of.

Be-lief, that which is held to be true. Be-h'eve' [O.E, pref. &e-4-/7€Z4/ 7i,to believe],

hold to be true, trust. Be-lit'tle [be- and Little], speak slightingly of. Bell [O.E. belle, a bell, perh. fr. bdlan, to

roar], metal vessel which rings when struck, cup of a flower.

Belle [E. fem. of beau (h. bella, fern, of bellus)., beautiful], woman of great beauty.

Bel'U-cose [L. bellum, war], warlike. Bel-H'ger-ent [L. bellum, war; gerere, to

carry on (war)7, earz7ing on war; nation at war.

Bel'loif? [?]i roaras a.bull.; a roar. Bel'lows [earlier bclg, a bag; northern form

belUy belwj, instrument for producing a current of air.

Belly [O.E. balg, a bag, a ekin for holding things], lower front of the body.

Be-long* [be- intensive, oba. lojig, to be­long], be the property of, be a native of.

Be-lov'ed (p=ii) [be-^ intensive, and Loved], greatly loved. [place.

Be-lou/ be-, by, and Low], under, lower in Belt [L. balteiis-, a belt], encircling band. Be-moan' [O.E, be and mctnan, to moan],

lament. Bench [O.E. benc^ bench, table, Doublet of

Bank], long seat, judge's seat. Bend [O.E. bendan, orig. to string a bow],

move or be moved out of a straight line; yield; a curve.

Be-neath' [O.E. beneothan], under. Ben'e-dic'tion IL. bene, well, dicerc (i>.p,

dicttis), to say," to tell], blessing. Ben'e-fac'tion [E. bene, well, facere (p.p.

foetus), to do, to make], good deed, alms. Ben'e-Iac'tor (fem. Ben'e-fac'tress), one who

confers a benefit, Ben'e-flce (ice=iss) [L. beneftdum, well-doing,

a kindness], church living. Be-nel'i-cence [L. bene, well, and facere, to

do], active kindness, Be-nef i-cent, doing or producing good. Ben-e-fl'cial (ci=sfi), conferring benefit. Ben-6-fl'ci-a-iy, one who derives an income

from a trust estate. Ben'e-flt [L. bene, well, facere (p.p. factus)^

to do], something productive of good. Be-nev'o-lence[L. 6ene, well, 'colens (pr.p. of

velle\ to wish], wfil to do good. Be-night'ed [pref. be- and Night], overtaken

by darkness, ignorant. [kind. Be-nign' (ignr=ine), Be-nig'nant [L. benigmis, Be-nig'ni-ty, gracioosness. Ben'i-son [O.E. beneison; L. benedictio; see

Benediction], blessing. Bent [from Bend], tendency of the mind. Bent [O.E, beonet], kind oE grass, [feeling. B&-nTim&' [pref. be- and Numb], take away Ben'zene, Ben'zine (ine=ieeji) [ult. ivom Arab.

luban jaw% frankincense of Java], an in­flammable fluid which removes grease-stains.

Be-Queath' (tk—the in Breathe) [O.E. be- and cwethan, to say], leave by will.

Be-quest' [see Beaneath], legacy, [deprive. Be-reave' [O.E. be- and Tta.fian, to strip off], Ber'ry [Teut. cf. Ger. beere'], small fruit, Berth [prob. f-. verb Bear], sleeping-place in

a slup, situation; moor (a &hip) in har­bour, etc.

Ber'yl [Gk, beryllos, beryl], precious stone. Be-seeeh' [pref. be-; M.E. secen, scchen, to

seek], ask urgently. Be-sef \be- and Set], 'set upon on all sides,

assail. Be-sidea^ [O.E. be sidan, by the side], over

and above. Be-S2ege' \be- and Siege], lay siege to, beset. Be-smear' [be- and Smear], smear over. Be'som \s=z) [O.JJ.- besema], brush of twigs. Be-sot'ted be- (causative) and Sot], made

sottish, or stupid. [hand. Be-speak* [be- and Speak], speak for before-Best [O.E. belst, betest, best], adj. super!, of

Good; good in the highest degree; adv^ superl. of Well.

Bestia.1 20 Birth Bes'ti-al [L. bestia, a beasti], belonging to a

beast, vile. [brisk action. Be-stir* he- (causative) ajid Stir], put into Be-stoiu' Ibe- (causative) and Stow], place,

give. [over. Be-strev/ [be- (causafcivo) and Strew], scatter Be-stride' [prcf. be- and Stride], stand over

with, leg's astride. Bet [short for Abet], that which is staked to

be lost OP won on any uncertain result \ make a bet.

Be-take' [6c- and Taie], (with a rellesivo pronoun), go.

Be-tide' tpref. be- and Tide], liappen. Be-times' [equal to by time], in good time,

early- [foreshow. Be-to'ken [be and Token], show by a sign; Be-tray* [pref. be-; O.TP.tra^r; L. traders,

to deliver up], be faithless to, disclose. Be-troth' [il.E. be- and treuthe, truth], engage

to marry, Be-tro'thal, engagement for a marriage. Bet'ter [O.E. bcteraj, more good; improve. Bet'ter or Bet'tor, one who bets. Be-tween'' [O.E. bc\ by, and tweoncy double],

sec Betwist. Be-twixt' [O.E, bctwix, extended from

betwih, between], in the space which separate, shared by two.

Bev'el [?j, tool for setting ofC angles; sloping edge ; to slant. [a dria]r.

Bev'er-age [O.P. beivre; L. bibere, to drink], Bev'y tperh. O.P. bevce, a dnnk; beivre^ to

di'ink], company, a flock of certain birds. Be-wail' the- and Wail], to lament. Be-ware' Ibe- and Ware), take care. Be-wil'der [6^ and obsolete E. wiMem, a

wilderness], confuse, perplex. Be-witcli' lbc~ and Witch], ailect by witch­

craft, charm. Bey [Turk, bey, a lord], Turkic governor. Be-yond' [O.E. be, by, geondt across; geon,

yon], on the farther side, past, Bi'as [?], inclination in. one direction. Bib [L. bibere, to drink], cloth under the chin, Bi'ble [Ok, biblia, a collection of writings,

biblos, papyrus bark], book of sacred writ­ings, Old and INew lestaments.

Bib'li-cal, pertaining to the Bible. Bib-li-ogTra-phy [&k. biblos, book, grapJiein,

to write], history and description of books and MSS. [drink.

Bib'u-lous [L. bibere, to drink], inclined to Bi'ceps [L. biceps, two-headed; bis, twice,

caput, the head], muscle of the upper-arm. Bick^er [perh. fi-eq. of obs. bike, to pierce],

angry dispute. Bi'cy-cle [L. bi(s), twice ; G)z, cyclos, a circle],

two-wheeled velocipede. Bid [O.E. b^odan, to offer, command], to

offer, command, Invite ; offer of a price. Bi-en'ni-al [& -, bis, twice, annus, a year],

once in two years. Bier (ie^ee") [O.E, beran, to carry], portable

frame on which a corpse is placed. Bi'Sur-ca-ted [L. biis), twice, furca, a fork],

two-pronged, EiSurca'tiOD,

Big'a-niy [L. bi(s), twice; Gk. gamos, marriag*!], having two wives or two hua-baads at once. ,. [bay.

Bight [O.E. byht, from bugan, to bend], bend, Big'ot [!''. bigot. Orig. unknown], one who

unreasonably condemns those who differ from him. ,' [party,

Big'o-try, obstinate devotion to creed or Bil'ber-ry [c/. Dan. bdllebcsr], blui' h fruit,

whortleberry. ' Bile [L* bllis2, fluid secreted by the liver.. Bilge [a variant of Bulge], pai-t of a ship on

each side of the keel, foulness which gathG3^ there.

Bi-lin'gnal [L. his,'; two, lingua, tongue], having two languages.

Bil'i-ous, having too much bile. Bill^ [O.E. bile'], beak; stroke bUl with bill. Bill 3 [O.E. bil], pruning-hook. Bill" [ J. bulls, a seal], formal written state­

ment, draft of JDroposed Act of Parlia­ment, account, placard.

Bil'let [dim. of Bill''], ticket given to soldiers to i ell them where to lodge; to quarter soldiers.

Bil'let; [E. Mlhtte,; billot, dun. of &?77 , alog], stick of wood. •

Billiards [!F, billhrd, a cue, dim. of bille, a log. stick], game played on a cloth-covered table with, cue'and balls.

Bil'Kon [L. bi(s), twice, and Million], a million millions (English system), a "thousand millions (Erench and American systems).

Bii'lou? [O.K. bylgja], great wave. Bi-mef ai-isra [L. biCs), twice, and Metal],

system of money iu which gold and silver have a fixed relative value,

Bin [O.E. hin7i, a manger], enclosed place for com, wine, etc.

Bi'narry [L. bm%, two together], m.adG up of two things or pai-ts.

Bind (i long) [O.E. bindan', to tie, cover (a book); to edge with a band.

Bind'ing, anything that binds. Bind'weefl, Mnds of couvolv\ilus. Biu'na-cle [earlier biltaclc^i L. Iiabitacidum, a

little dwelling], case for a ship's compass. Bin-oe'u-lar [L. bini, two by two, oculus,

the eye], telescope for two eyes. Bi-no'mi-al''[Late L. binomias, having two

names, bi-, twice, and nomen, a name], of two names,

Bi-og^ra-phy [Gk. bios, life, graphein, to write], VTitten stor;^ of a life.

Bi-oro-gy [Gk. bios^ life, logos^ a discourse], science of plant and ajiimal life.

Bi'ped [L. bis), twice, pes (^ed-is), a foot], two-footed animal.

Bi'plane [L. fit's, two, and Plane], kind of aeroplane with two planes.

Birch [O.E, bere, bierce", tree with white bark, bundle of birch twigs used for flogging.

Bird [O.S, hrid'], feathered flying animal, Bi-ret'ta, [Late L. bireitum, from birrus, silk

or wool cape, prob. Gk, pyrrhos, flame-coloured], square cap worn by R.C. clergy.'

Birtll [prob. 0.H, byrtlirl, coming into life.

Biscuit 21 Blight Bis'cuit [L. biSf twice, coquere (p.p. cactus), to

cook], hard flat cake of unraised bieacl. Bi-SCcf [L. J?(j), twice, secars (p p. secius)^

to cut], cat into two equal paits. Bish'op [Gk. eptscopos; cpi^ upon, and

scopoSj a watcher], clergyman of high rank. Bish'op-ric [Gk. ejnscojws^ an overseer, and

O.E. rice, realm], district which a bLshop oversees, his office.

Bis'muth [Ger. 6ism«ift, now wismuL Orig. unknown], brittle crystallmo metal.

Bi'son [L. hison; cf, O.H,Q-. lizswm], animal of the wild OS kmd.

BiS-sex'tile [L. bissextus (fr. bis, twice, sextus, Bixth), the extra day which, was inserted m the Julian calendar every fourth year after 24th February, the sixth day before the calends, %.e. the first day of March, accord­ing to the Eoman method of reckoning, both 1st March and 21th February being included], leap (year).

Bit [O.E. hitan, to bite], small piece, moutli-piece of a bridle.

Bitch [0 B, hicce], female dog. Bite [O.E. 6fton], seize with the teeth; the

act of seizmg with the teeth, morsel. Bit'ter [O.E, hiter, prob from bltan, to bite],

tastmg like wormwood. Bif tern [0 r . hutoT^ prob. named from its

cry], bird of the wadu^ kmd. Bit'ters, mfusion of bitter herbs. [pitch. Bi-tu'men, Bit'u-men [L. bitUmeTi], mmeral Bi'valve [L. bz(s), twice, and Valve], shelled

animal of which the shell consists of two plates hinged.

Biv'ou-ac piL=od) [ r . hiiouac. Perh. fr. Ger. bet, by, and Wachi, watch], encamp­ment ^7ltho^t tents.

Bi-2arre' [E. bizarre ; cf Sp bizarro, brave; perh. fr. Basque hizarra, a beard], odd, grotesque. [secret.

Blab [SI.E. blaheren, to babble; imit ], tell a Black [O.E. blcBC, blac], colourless from the

absence of all light, very dark. Black'a-moor [Black and MoorJ, negro, very

dark person. Black-ball', vote against by putting a black

ball into a ballot box, Black'ber-ry, fruit of the bramble Black'bird, black smgmg bud. Black'cock, male of the black grouse. (The

female is called the Grey hen.) Black'en, make black. Black'giidxd. [Black and Guard. The name

was given to kitchen memais], scoundrel. Black'ing, prcpaiation for makmg thmgs

black. Black-lead', mmeral (nob lead) used for

making writmg pencds, etc. Black'mail' [Black and obs. mail, rent], estoi fc

money by threats. Black'smith, smith, who works m iron. Black'thorn, sloe-tree. [fluid or air. Blad'der [0 E bladrc, thm bag contammg Blade [O.E. bked, a leaf], leaf (especially of

grass), cutting part of an mstrumenb, Sat part of an oar.

Blae'bei>ry (Scot.) blae, livid, and Berry], whortleberry, bilberry.

Blam [O.E. blcgen, a bod], inflammatory swellmg.

Blame'able, Bla'ma-ble, Blame'wor-thy, worthy of blame.

Blame [Q-k. blasphcmem, to speak ill], find fault with; disapproval, fault.

Blancli [F. blanc, f em. blanche^ white], whiten, skm almonds.

Blanc-mange (bla-maTizh') [F. blanc, ^hite, manger, to eat], shaped preparation of mdk and corn-flour, or the like,

Bland [L. blandus^ mild], nuld, smooth and soothmg.

Blan'dish-ments [L. blandir^, to flatter; blandus, mild], flattery, caresses.

Blank [E, blanc, white], white, free from marls, nnrhymed (verse) ; empty space.

Blan'ket [O.If. blanquetie; dim. of hlanc, white], cover, usually of wool, and havmg a nap, used m bed-clothmg.

Blaie [perh. imit ], harsh noise of a trumpet. Blar'ney [fr. the Blarney stone m a castle

near Cork. He who kisses it has the gift of saymg pleasant tbmgb], smooth, wheedlmg talk.

Blas-pheme' [G-k. hlasphemein, to speak ill], speak wickedly of sacred thmgs. Blaa'-phemous.

Blas'phem-y, speaking evil of G od. Blast [0 E bldst\ strong gust, sound made

by blowmg a wmd-instrument, a rendmg by explosion; mjuro by lightnmg.

Bla'tant a~ai) [prob. mutative. Cf. Ger. platzen, to crash], noisy, vulgarly assertive.

Blaze [O.E. blouse, a flame], flame; glow with flame.

Blaze [O.N. bltsi, a white mark on a horse], to mark trees (and so a path) by stnppmg bark.

Bla'zon a—at) [E. Uason, a shield, etym. dub ], coat of arms, description of a coat of arms; make public.

Bleach [0.E, blacan, to vihiten], whiten. Bleak [O.E, hloec, shnung, pale], open and

desolate, dreary. Blear [?], dim with water or rheum. Bleat [O.E. hUUan'\, cry of a sheep ; give the

cry of a sheep, Bleed [O.E. bUdan, from bl<^d, blood], emit

blood, take blood from. Blem'ish [O.E. blemir (pr.p. hlemissant), to

wound, to make pale], flaw, stam; to mar. Blench [O.E. blencan, to deceive], draw ba15k

from lack of com age. Blend [O J^. blanda; cf. Dan. blande, to

blend], mix or mmgle together; mixture of one tlung with another.

Bless [O.E. bletsian, bldedsian. Perh. from 0. Teut. bUdom, blood, consecrate by sacrifice], make happy, call down a blessmg on,

Bless'ing, means of happmess, uttered wish for happmess to another.

Blight [etym. dub], mildew; prevent the growth of, affect with blight,

Blind 22 Bomb Blind (T) [O.K. blind, common Teufc.J, un­

able to see; make blind. Blind'fold [O.B. blinds and felteny to strike],

having the eyes covered. Blind'ers, Blink'ers [see Blind and Blink],

flaps to keep a horse fi'om seeing sideways. Blind'wonn, lizard with small eyes. Blink [M.E, blenJcen, to shine], twioJdo with

the eye, shirk ; glimpse, gleam. Bliss [O.Jil. blis, contr. fi-om bliths, h a p p i n g ,

great happiness. Blis'ter [perh. O.N. hlasa^ to blow], raised

part oX the outer sMn with watery fluid below, plaster which raises a blister; raise a blister.

Blithe, Blithe'some [0.35. hlUhs^ happiness], gay, joyous.

Bliz'zaid [modem word. Of. Blow, Blast], fierce gale with fine snow.

Bloat'ed [K.B. hMit, soft, cogn. with O.N". blautTj soaked], swollen beyond the natural size.

Bloat'er [O.N. blautTy soaked. Cf. Swed. blot-Jisk, soaked fish], herring smoked and half-dried.

Block [F. bloc, perh. fr. OJK.Q. UoK a block], heavy piece of wood or stone, number ol houses built touching each other, obstruction, mould on which hats are shaped; obstruct, shape on.

Blook-ade' [from Block], shutting up • of a place by an enemy's forces to prevent access to ifc or egress from it, to shut up<

Blockhead, stupid person. Block'house, wood or iron house for defence. Blonde, Blond [F. blondy blonde, fair], fair; a

fair person. Blood (po"ii) [O.E. 6Zrftr], red fluid in animals. Bloom [O.N. hl6m, a flower], flower, powdery

coating on certain fruits, fre^ beauty; to blossom.

Blos'som [0,B. bldstm, prob. cogn. with Bloom], flower ; to put forUi blossoms.

Blot [cf. O.N. blettr], stain, to stain. Blotch [variant of Blot], lai^e irregular spot. Blot'ting-pa'per, unsized paper to dry up ink. Blouse (5=a) [F. blousey a loose outer gar­

ment], loose over-garment, loc^a bodice. Bloxt? [etjon, dub.], stroke. Blow [O.B. bldwan], to flower. Blo w [O.E. bklwan], move as air, drive by

wind, " onad by the breath, puff up. Bloju'y, windy. Elub'ber [AI.B, blober, a bubble; imit.], fat of'

Shales; weep noisily. Blud'geon [?], stick with a heavy end; sfiike

again and again with such. Blue [O.F. 6ZeM, ultimately Tent.], colour. Blufl [cf. M. Dutch blaf, flat, broad], fiank

and hearty; high, steep bank. Blun'der [prob. 0.1^.bIanda,io mix. Allied

to Blend], great mistake; make great mistakes.

Blun'de>buS3 [perversion of Du. don-lcrbus, thunder gun], ancient sliort wide-bore gun which could hold a great many balls,

Blant [?], dull of edge, abrupt.

Blur [perh. fr. Blear], stain; make dim. Blurt [imit,], utter suddenly. Blush [M.E. bliisclw; O.E. ablisian'j, sudden

reddening of the face; to redden with shame. '

Bluu'ter [prob. aug. of Blast], fitful noise, boasting; do or utter with noisy violence.

Bo'a [ef.ym. dub.], large crushing snake, long round fur for the neck. Boa-constric'toi.

Boar [O.E. Sdr], male of swine. Board [O.E. bord, board], piece of timber

saivn thin, table, daily foodj council; Jay "with boards,' supply with or obtain meals for pay. '

Board [short for ahorde, from F. ft (L. ad), to, and bordy edge, side of a ship], enter (a sUijj) by force. .

Board'er, one who has meals, or meals and lodgings, for pay.

Boast"[?J, talk big; speech of self-approval. Boat [O.E. bdt], small open vessel. Boat'Bwain (pron. and sometimes Fpclt

bo's'n), ship's ofEcer who has charge of the boats, sails, etc, [down,

Bob [perh. imit.], pendant; jerk up and Bobliia [F. bobine. Orig. unknown]. Email

cylinder for thread. Bode [O.E. bodian, to announce], foreshow. Bod'ice (ice~iss) [corrupt, of ''bodies"],

upper pai-fc of a dress. Bod'i-ly, of or in the body, entirely. BodTdn [?], .implement for piercing holes,

tape needle. Bod'y [O.E.' bodig], person, material part,

main part^ many spoken of as one. Bo'er [pu. hoer, a peasant], Dutch colonist

(originally a farmer) of S. Africa. Bog [Ir. and Gael, bor/, soft], wet, spongy

ground. Bo'gey, Bo'gy, Bo'gle [?], goblm, bugbear. Bog'gy, mai-shy. Bo'gie (f/ hard) [?], four-wheeled truck sup­

porting a locomotive, etc. Bo'gus [U.S. word. Orig. doubtful], sham. Bo-hea' iea—ee) [Chin. TF a", name of district],

kind of tea. Boil [L. bulUre, to boil; bulla, a bubble], be

made to bubble by heat. Boil [O.E. bill, a boil, swelling], hard,

painful swelling of the skin, Boil'er, vessel for boiling. [stormy. Boia'ter-ous [Sr.E. boistous, noisv], noisy, Bold [CE. baUl\, brave, forward. * Bole [O.N". bolr, trunk or stem of a tree],

stem of a tree. Boll (5) [same as Bowl; O.E. bolla, pod. Boll [?], old Scottish measure. Bol'ster (p) [O.E. bolster; Teut. bul, to puff

up], long pillow; hold up. Bolt [?], short arrow, strong pin of iron,

sliding catch, sudden departure ; swallow without chewing, fasten with a bolt, to dart. ' [sift.

Bolt [O.F. buUer ; It. biira, coarse cloth], Bo'lus [Gk. bslos, a clod], large pill. Bom& [Q-k. bombos, a humming noise], iron

shell filled with explosives.

Bombard 23 Bowl Bom-baid' [33. hamhard, a great gun'; see

Bomb], attack with shot and shell. Bom-baid^ment.

Bom-bar-dier', lowest non-commissioned ofBcer in the British artillery.

Bom'bast [Late L. bombax (gen. hombac-is\ cotton (lionce padding); Q'k. bornbyx^ silk cotton], high-sounding talk.

Bon'bon [!''. hon^ good], sweetmeat. Bond [see Band i],anything that binds, writ­

ing which binds to pay money, mortgage. Bond'age [0.33, hdnda, a husbandman ; O.K.

hdndi^ a husbandman, & «[, to tUl], state of being bound, slavery. [duties.

Bond'ed, locked up, pending payment of Bond'man, Bonds'man, slave. Bone [O.E. Jan], hard material of the skeleton

of an animal; take the bones fiam. [air. Bon'fiie [Bone and Fire], large fire in the open Bon'net [0.3?, botiel, Orig. unknown], cover­

ing for the head. Bon'ny [perh. F. Son, hontie^ L. 6on«5, good],

beautiful (Scots); stout, strong (Sltake-

Bon'spiel [?], great curling match. Bo'nus [L. bonus, good], extra payment. Bo'ny, full of bones, having prominent bones. Boo'by [prob. Span, bobo, a blockhead, perh.

from L. bdlbu^i stammering], dimce, Book tC>.E. h6c, a toook], sheets oi paper

bound together, whole or part of a literary work; enter in a book, pay a fare for travel.

Book'keep'er, one who keeps accounts. Boom [Du. form of Beam], spar to extend

the bottom of a sail, chain or line of spars to bar the mouth of a river or harbour.

Boom [imit.], hollow roar, rapid growth in market viuue.

Boom'er-ang [the Australian name], wooden. missile used in Australia. [favour.

Boon [O.N. bdUy a petition], good gift; Boon [F. b6n; L. bonus, good], bounteous,

JoUy. Boor (Du. boer^ a peasant; A. or O.E. geh-Cir,

a dweller], clown, rude person. Boot L0- « ^^^^- Orig. unknown], cover for

the foot and lower part of the leg. Boot [O.E. bdt^ profit], to profit. Booth [M.33. bothe; cf. Da. and Sw. bod^ fr.

East Norse, bda, to dwell], shed of bouehs or boards. -

Boofjack [Boot and Jack (familiar form of Jolm)], instrument for pidling ofE boots.

Boots* hotel servant who cleans boots, etc. Boottiee, mould to shape boots. Boot'y [perh. P. butin, booty; O-N". bijii, ex­

change, booty], plunder. Bo-ra'cie cic=sic), Bo'ric, relating to borax. Bo'iax [Arab, bauraq; prob. fr. Pers. bUrah,

borax], crystalline salt. Bor'dei |Xo\v L. bordarc, to edge; Teut.

bord, side], edge, boundary; come near, touch at the bolmdaries, put a border to.

Bore [O.E. boria7i], pierce, weary by dulness ; tool for boring, hollow inside a gun, a tire­some person. Bore'dom,

Bore [perh. fr. O.N, &«m, a wave], high tidal flood at some river-mouths.

Bo'ie-as [Gk. borcas, the north wind], north wind.

Bor'ough ibUfo) [O.E. burli, hurg, a fort, perh. fr. Teut. bergan, to protect], town with a town council, town that sends a member to Parliament. [loan.

Bor'row [O.E. borh, borg, a pledge], take as a Bosk'y [It. boschettOy dim. of bosco, a wood],

woody or bushy. Bos'om ips=ooz) [O.if!. bdsrn], breast. Boss [M.E, and O.P. boce ; It- bosza, a swell­

ing], knob, stud. Bo-tan'ic, Bo-tan'ic-al, relating to the study

of plants. Bot'an-ize. search for plants for study. Bot'an-y [Gk. botanS, a plant], science of

plants. Boteh [?], spoiled work; to spofl. Both'er [?], annoy; feel anxious; one who or

that wluch bothers. Bof tie [Late L. buiicula, double dim. of bxilis,

a cask], narrow-mouthed vessel for liquor; put into bottles.

Bot'tom [O.E. botm'\t lowest part, ground under water.

Boa'doir(&i3odH?a/ir)[F.],lady's private room. BouffA [O.E. bdg, bdh, an arm, bztgan, to bend],

a branch, BoT/l'der [?], large mass of rock. Bounce [M.E. bunsen, to thump, prob. imit.

of sound], spring suddenly, to bound, to boast; sudden leap, empty boasting.

Bound [O.E. bodne; Late L. butina, a limit], to limit; a.limit,

Bound ^ [F. bondir, perh. fr. L. bombitSre^ to resound], move by leaps ; a leap.

Bound [O.N. bHa, to till, to prepare], ready to start, on the way.

Bound'ariy, bounding line. Boun'te-ous, free in giving, generous. Boun'ti-ful, free in giving, plentiful. Boun'ty [L, bonus, good], generosity, sum

granted to encourage some industry, or to induce men to enter the ariiiy or navy.

Bou-quef (boo-kaz' or boo'kai) [P., fr. It. boschetto, "a little wood], bunch of flowers; perfume of wine. [goal.

Bourn, Bourne (boom) [E. borne], bounijary, Bout [etym. dub.], set-to at anything, a turn. Bo'vine [L. 60s (bov-is\ an ox], ox-like. Bow [O.E. bilgan, to bend], to bend; a

bending of the head or body, stem and forepart of a ship.

Boif) [O.K. 603a, a bow ; biigan, to bend], a curve, weapon to slioot arrows, rod used in playing a stringed instrument, knot with loops. [intestines.

Bow'els [L.L. boielhis, a sausage, an mtestine], Bow'ep [O.E. bTir, a chamber], arbour. BoVer [see Bow], anchor at the bow. Boi/j'ie-ftHife [From Col. J. Boiin'e, and Knife],

American hunting-knife. Bowl [O.E. boUa, orig. a round seed-v^sel],

hollow vessel. Bowl [F. boule; L. bulla, a bubble, ball],

Bowline 24 Brew wooden, ball; CpL) the game played with Boch balls; deUver a ball at cricket, roll as bowls.

Bouj'line [Bow and liine], rope used to keep the weather edge of the square sails tight forward.

Bow'spni [see Bow. - Sprit from O.E. spreot^ a pole], spar projecting over the bows.

Box [L. buxus ; cf. Gk. fuxos, the bos-tree; puxis, a box], small slirub, case of firm

material, parcitioned-oS space in a theatire, driver's seat; rehearse the points (of a com­pass) in right order.

Box [?]s blow on the ear, fight with'fists. Boy f Gl. !B. IFris. boi, young gentleman], male

child; native labourer In India, etc. Bo/cott [fr. the treatment given to Oapt.

BoycottiB.Ma.jo, 1880], combine vith others to have no dealhigs with some person.

Boy'hood, state or tune of being a boy. Bo/ish, like or natural to a boy. Brace [O.P. braces the two arms; L.

bracliium (pi. brachia), the arm], that which holds tightly, a couple ; (pi.) trouser-straps; give vigour, tighten; printer's mark (•[).

Brace'Jet fO.F. dim. of bracel^ an armlet ,* L. brachiu7ny an arm], arm-band.

Brach'i-al(ch=k)\li.brachialis; braclimm,an arm], belonging to the arm.

Brack* en, Br^e [M.E. braken\ cL Swed. brdketi, fern], kind of large fern.

Biack'et [formerly braggct; L. braccce, breeches], ornamental projection from a wall, one of two charactei^ to enclose words, etc.; place within brackets.

Brack'ish [Du. bra/c, briny, brackish], saltish. Brad [O.K". broddT^ a spike], thin naU with no

head, but a slight projection at the top on one side.

Brad'awl, small boring-tool. Brag [etjrm. dub.], boast; card game. Brag'gart, boaster. Braggado'cio icio=sMo\

boastmg. Bra^'man, BraVmin [Sanscrit bmhmana^ a

holy man; i>rfl ;/20M, prayer], Hindu of the priestly caste.

Braid [O.E. bregdan^ to move to and fro], narrow woven fabric, plait; to plait, ornament with braid.

Brais [O.U. hrwgenj^ grey nerve cells and white nerve fibres m the skull, the thinking part; dash out brains. Brain'les3.

Bra^e [perh. fr. root of Break], contrivance for checking a wheel's motion; wagonette.

Brake Icf. IT.L.Q. brake, stumps of broken J trees, cogn. with Break], thicket. |

Bram'We [O.E. bre7nbel; br&mely dim. of 0. Teut. word cogn. with brdm^ broom], blackberry, the blackberry shrub.

Bran [O.F. breii\, broken hnsk of grain. Branch [Late L. branea, a paw], shoot fi-om

the main stem ; to spread in branches. Brand [0. Teut. brinnan, to burn], partly-

burnt stick; mark made mth a hot iron, make a disfcinofcive mark as witli a hot iron.

Bran'dish [P. brandir (p.p. brandissant% wave or flourish. ;

Bran'dy [formerly brand-ttnne', Du. brande-wijnj burnt (i.e. distilled) \\ine], strong liquor distilled from wine.

Bra'sier, Bra'zier IF.'brazier, fr, braise^ hot coal], worker in jDrass, pan for holding bumhig coals. '

Brass [O.E. brCEs]^ alloy of copper and zinc. Brat [?], child (so called in contempt). Bra-va'do [Span, bravado], mere show of bold­

ness. Brave [F. brave, etyra. dub.j, stout-hearted,

bold, gay ; defy. ' Bra'ver-y, courage, finery, Brawl [?], noisy quarrel; quarrel noisily. Brawn [O.lP.braon ; fr.West. G-er. brddan, to

roast], muscle, boar's flesh, preparation of pig's head and o'x feet.

Brawn'y, muscular. ' Bras'y [?], Scots name for disease of sheep,

diseased mutton. Bray [P. braire;, cf. Gael, bragh, an ex­

plosion], the cry of an ass; give the cry of an ass. '

Bray [O.F. breiery, poimd small. Bra'zen, made of or like brass, shamel^ ;

behave shamelessly. Bra'zier (see Bra'sier). Breach [O.E. brecan, to break], act of break­

ing, gap. ' . [Hour. Bread [O.E. brc'ad], a food made of baked Bread'fruit, tree of the Pacific ]slands. Breadth [see Broad], distance from side to

side. Break (ea==ai) ,[0.E, brecan, to break], to

part, snap, burst; an opening, points scored continuously in billiards.

Break'er, wave broken into foam. [day, Break'fast [Break and Fast], fiiet meal in the Break'wa-ter, ,barrier to break the force of

waves, Breast [O.E. brSosf, part of the body below

the neck; oppose manfully. Bteast'plate, armour for the breast. Breath [O.E. brc^tli], ah' drawn into and given

out by the lungs. . [out. Breathe, draw air into the limgs and give it Breech [O.E. br^c (pL), fr. 0. Teut. brdks, loin

and thigh garment], hinder part of a gun-barrel ; (pi.) trousora.

Breed [O.E. brtdan, to produce], race, kind ; raise, as any kind of stock.

Breeze [earlier bnze, fi*. O. Span, briza, N.E. wind], light wind.

Breve [var. of Brief], the longest note in music: in old Church music it ii'as the shorter of the two notes used.

Brev'et [L. brevis, short], commission giving an olficer rank above Ms pay,

Bre'vi-a-ry [L. brevis, short], book containing tho ordinary daily .services of the B.O. Church.

Brev'i-ty [L. brems, short], shortness. Blew [O.E. briowan^, make malt liquor,

amount brewed at once, quality of liquor so made.

Brewery 25 Bmint Brew'er-y, building where beer is brewed. Bri'ar, Bri'er [?j, prickly shnib. Bribe [perh. 0. i \ bribe, bread given to a

beggar. Orig. unknown], gift to influence a decision; give a bribe.

Bri'ber-y, giving or taking of bribes. Brick [prob. F, brique, a brick, a fragment,

cognate with Break], block of burnt clay. Brick-bat, piece of a brick. Bii'dal [formerly bride-ale, a bride-feast], of

or connected with, a bride or a marriage ; marriage, marriage feast.

Bride (O.E. br^d], woman newly married or about to be married.

Bride'groom [for bridegomn; 0.213. hryd^ bride, and guma, a man], man newly married or about to be married. '-

Bridge [O.E. brycg], structure over a river, chasm, etc.; to erect such.

Bridge [?], game at cards. Bri'dle [O.E. brfdel^ earlier brigdel; bregdan, to

pull], headgear with which a horse is governed ; put a bridle on, check, put on a lofty manner or show that offence is taken.

Brie! [L. brevis, short], short; written instruc­tions on which barristers advocate causes.

Brig [short for Brigantine], square-rigged two-masted vessel.

Bri-gade' [It. brigata^ a troop, brigare, to strive], force of two or more regiments.

Brig'and [prob. It. brigante, orig, pr.p. of brigare, to strive], one of a band of robbers,

Brig'an-tiue (i'ne=een) [It, brigantino, a pirate-ship; brigante, a robber], vessel with tho mainmast of a schooner and the fore­mast of a brig.

Bright [O.B. beorht], shining, brilliant, lively. Brillian-cy, great brightness. Bril'liant [P. brillant, pr.p. of briller, to

shine ; orig. to sparkle, like a -beryl; L. beryllus, a beryl], very briglit; diamond cut in a particular way.

Brim rM.B. brimme], upper edge, rim of a hat; fill,'*be full.

Brim'stone [M.E. breimen, to bum, stoon, stone], sulphur in sticks or rolls.

Brin'dle, Brin'dled [earlier brinded, perh, cogn. with Brand], spotted or streaked.

Brine [O.E. 6r^ne], salt water, Bring [O.E. briiigan], cause to come, to carry. Brink [M.E., prob. fr. Scand., of. Dan. brink,

a descent], edge of a steep place or water. Bri'ny, of or pertaining to brine. Bri-q-wetCe'iBri'q-wet (i?=i;)[F. dim. ofbrique,

brick], block of coal-dust and pitch. Brisk [W, 6^5 , quiQk-footed, or fr. Brustiue],

active, lively, quick. Bris'ket [etym. dub., cf. F. brechet], part of

the breast of an animal next the ribs, Bris'^le [dim. of O.E. byrst, a bristle], strong

hair on the back of a hog ; stand stiff like bristles, show defiance.

Bris71y, set •\ •ith bristles, rough, [broken. Briftle [O.E. brSotan^ to break], easily Broach [F, broche. It. brocca, a spit], a spit;

pierce as with a spit, open up or begin.

B

Broad (brawd) [O.E. brdd:], wide. Broad'cast, cast in all dii-cctions, used

specifically in sendinginformation by •wirc-I^s telephony,

Broad'eatch, to receive information by wire­less telephony.

Broad'side, discharge of all the guns on one side of a ship.

Broad'sword [O.E. brad, broad, and Sword], sword with broad blade.

Bro-cade' [Sp. brocado. It. brocceUo. See Broach], kind of figured silk.

Broc'co-li [It. pi. of broccolo, a sprout, dim. of brocco, a stalk], kind of cauliliower.

Brogue [?], Irish pronunciation of English. Bro^e [Gael, and Ir. brog, shoe], coarse

kmd of shoe of untanned hide. Broil [F, brouilkr, to confuse], noisy quarrel. Bioil [etym. dub., perh. P. briller, to burn],

cook meat on a gridiron or on the coals, Bro'keP [A.-F, brocour^ fr. prob. L. broccator,

one who broaches], agent or middleman. Bron'chi-al (ch^k) [Gk. brogchia, bronchial

tubes], relating to the tubes branching from the windpipe.

Bron-^hi'tis (ch~k), inflammation of bron­chial tubes.

Bronze [It. bronzo ; L. (ccs) Brundusmum, (brass) of Brindisi], alloy of copper and tin.

Brooch (oo=e) [F, broche^ a spit, a point. See Broach], ornamental pin.

Brood [O.E. ftrrfd], birds hatched at oae time; sit on eggs, think anxiously.

Brook [O.E. brdc, stream], small stream. Brook'let. [bear.

Brook [O.E. briican, to use, to enjoy], to Broom [O.E. brdni], shrub with yellow flowers,

besom, Broth [O.E. brdoican, to brew], liquid in

which flesh, vegetables, etc., have been boiled.

Broth'er (p=il) [O.E. br^thor], son of the same parents as another person.

Broth'er-hood, state of being brothei-s, a religious association.

Broth'e>ly, like a brother. Biough'sin. (pom or oo-arn) [named after the

first Lord Brougharri], closed one-horse carriage.

Brow [O.E. bru\, ridge over the eye, forehead, edge or projecting upper part of a steep place. [manners.

Bzow'beai, bear down by looks and Brown [O.E. 6rzin], dark colour. Brown'ie, good-natured goblin ; Girl Guide

under eleven years. Browse (s=z) [F broiistcrl, feed on as pasture. Bruise («=2) iOS^.brysan, to crush; influ­

enced by A.F brusier, to break], hurt as with blows, crush; hurt from a blow or knock,

Bruit (ui=oo) [F, bruit, noise], report. Bru-nette' [P, fern, of brunel^ brownish; dim.

of brun, brown], woman of dark com­plexion.

Brunt [?], utmost violence of an onset,

Brush 26 Bungralow Brash [O-F* hroce^ hrosse^ brushwood, hroce,

broisse, a brush], underwood, thicket, in-Etrument of bristles, etc., for taking off dust, laying on colour, etc., tail of a fos, slight encounter; apply a brush.

Brush'wood, thicket. [abrupt. Brusawe [F. b-rasque; It. hruscol^ sharp, sour, Bcu'tflJ. [£. briltus, stupid], like a brute, very

coarse, cruel. Bra-tal'i-ty, quality of being brutal. Brute [L. brUlvs, stupid], lower animal,

brutal person, Bru'tiah, coarse and stupid. Bry'on-y [L. and Gk. brydniaj, Mnd of

climbing plant. Bub'hle [imit. orig.], round film of liquid

filled with air or gas ; rise in. bubbles. Buc-ca-neer' [F. houcan, wooden frame used

for broiling. Boucan is of Brazilian origin], pirate.

Buck[0.1ij. 6wc, buccals male of fallow deer and antelopes.

Buck'et [O.P. bulcet, a tub, a pail, or O.E. 6^c, a pitcher], Tessel for holding water,

Buck'le [P. boucle; X-. buccnla, cheek-strap of a helmet, dim. of bucca^ the cheek], instrument for fastening a strap or band ; fasten with a buckle. [shield.

Buck'ler [O.P. bonder, a shield. See Buckle], Buck'iam [O.P. boqitcmnt, Orig, uncertain],

coarse linen or cotton cloth stiffened with size.

Buck'-tooth', projecting tooth. Buck'wheat'[O.E. Jtfc, beech, hwccte, wheat],

cereal plant. [rustic. Bu-eol'io [G-k. bucolicos, bous, an ox], pastoral, Bud [?], first shoot of a plant; put forth

buds. Budge [F. bouger, to stir; perh. L. bulUre^ to

boil], stir. Bud'get (F. bouffeitg, dim. of bouge, a leather

bag; L. bnlga, a bag], contents of a bag; annual financial statement made by the Chancellor of the Exchequer.

BuS [F. buffie, a bufEalo], oil-dressed leather, military coat, a dull light yellow.

Buffa-lo [Port, bilfalo, L. bUjalus\ Gk. boubalos, an antelope], large kind of ox; American bison.

Buffer [obs. vb. buff, prob. imit. of sound made by striking soft body], apparatus to deaden the jar of collision.

Buffet (boo'fai) [F. buffet, Orig. unknown], sideboard, counter for refreshments, a restaurant.

Buffet [O.F., dim. oE buffe, a blow, esp. on the cheek], a blow ; deal blows.

BuJ-foon' [F. buffon; lb, buffone, a jester, buffa, a jest], jester.

Buf-foon'e>y, conduct as of a buffoon. Bug [?], name applied to various insects. Bug'bear [Etym. dub.], cause of needless

fear. Bug'gy [?], Idnd of gig ot carriage. Bu'glo [short for bugle-horn ; O.F. bugle, a

young bull; L. buculus, dim. of b5s, an os], copper wind-instrmnenti, a hunter's horn.

Bu'gle [?], long glass bead. Bu'glosg [Gk. bouglossos^ lit, oi-tonguc].

Jnnd of weed. Buhl, Boule uh~oo ; ou=oo) [fr. A. C. Boule,

a cabinetmaker of Louis XlV's time], sort of inlaying of brass scrolls, etc., in wood.

Bwild [M.E. buldciij O.E. bold, a house], raise on a foundation; general figure.

Bulb (Gk. bolbos, an onion], onion-like root. Bul'bul (w=oo) [Pers. bulbul. Eastern song-

thrush. Bidgo [L, bulga, a bag], swell out; irregular

swelling. Bulk [O.ir, bulM, a heap], size, largest

l)ortion. Bulk'head [O.K. ballT, partition; O.E.

klafod, head], partition in a ship. Bulk'y, of great size. Bull iii=oo) [O.E. bule- (in compounds),

perh. connected with Bellow], male of cattle, etc.

Bull [L. buUa^Q. bubble, knob, leaden seal], papal document with a seal.

Bull [perh. O.F. boul, bole, trickery], absurd, self-contradictory expression.

BuU'dog, kind of dog formerly used for bull-baiting.

Bul'let [F. houUtte, dim, of boule, a ball; L, bulla, a knob], missile to be discharged from a small firearm.

Bulle-tin [It., bulkttino, a ticket, double dim. of bulla, a knob, a seal], brief written statement of recent news.

Bi^'flnch, a singmg-bird. Bull'ion [Late L. bullio, a boiling; bullire, to

bubble up], uncoined gold or silver in masses.

Bull'oek [O.E. bulluc], o i , Bull's'-eye, thick glass lens on a lantern,

centre of a'target. Bull'y [oldest moaning, dear one; perh. fr.

Du. boel, a lover], overbearing fellow ; act as a bully.

Bul'rush [?],'kind of large rash. Bul'wark [cf. Du. bolwerl: Perh. Bole and

Work], strong projecting outwork for the defence of the rampart, or main work, side protection of a deck,

Bum'SIe-Bee' [imit. orig. and Bee], large kind of bee which makes a humming noise.

Bump [imit, orig.], a thump, swelling ; strike violently against anything. [brim.

Bump'er [fi-. Bump], glass filled to the Bump'kin [perh. Du. boomlcen, dim. of booviy

a tree], heavy country fellow, [forward. Bump'tious [fr. Bump], conceited and Bun [perh. O.F. bugne, a swelling], small

raised cake. Bunch [?], number of things growing or

fastened together. Bun'dle [perh. cogn, with O.E. bindan, to

bind], number of things bound together; tie ia a bundle. [bung.

Bung [?], stopper for a cask ; stop as with a Bun'ga-IowJ [nind. bangla, belonging to

Bengal], house of one story with a verandah,

Bung'le 27 By3Pe

Bon'gle [imit. orig. Of. Bang], clumsy performance; to act, make, or mend clumsily.

Bun'ion [Perh. It, bugwne, swelling], in­flamed swelling on the first joint of the great toe.

Bunk [?], one of a series of beds in tiers. Bunk'er [?], coal-bin, sandy hollow on a golf

course. Bunt'ing [?], kind of bird. Bunt'ing [perh. M.E. bonicn, to sift], thin

woollen stufE for flags. B«oy [M.Du. boei; O.F. bote ; L. boia, a

fetter], floating mark ta harbours or channels ; keep from sinking. [heart.

Bwo/an-cy, floating power; lightness of Btfoy'ant, tending to float ;Jight-hearted. Bur, Burr [B., cf. Dan. borre, prickly flower-

head. BUTT, guttural pronunciation of r. Bur'den [O.E. byrthen], load ; load heavily. BoT'den [F. bourdon; Late L. burdo^ a

drone], refrain of a song. Bur'den-some (some—sum), oppressive. Bui'dock [Bui and Dock], kind of coarse herb. Bu'reau (eau=v) [O.F. burel, reddish coarse

woollen cloth; L. burrus, red], writing-table with drawers, office for transacting business.

Buieau'-cracy [Bureau and Q-k. kratein, to rule], government by officials of various ranks and grades. Bur'eaucrat, BuTeau-crat'ic.

Eur'geas, "Bxa'gher [O.F. burgeis ; Du. burger, a citizen], inhabitant of a borough, free­man or citizen. [(Scottish).

Bureh (bufo) [see Borough], borough Burgla-ry [Low L. burguldre, to break into a

house], house-breaking. Bur'go-mas'ter [Du. burg, a borough,

meester^ master], chief magistrate in Hol­land or Belgium.

Bur'i-al (u=i) [O.E. byrgels, a tomb.; byrgan, to bmy], act of burying.

Bu'rin [F. burin; perh. O.H.Gr. bora], an en­graver's tool.

Burke [ir. the criminal Burlce, who smothered people], smother, avoid.

Bur-les^ife' que=k) [It. burlesco; burla^ mockery], style of speaking, acting, or writ­ing, which caricatures ; turn into ridicule.

Bur'ly [M.E. borlich, fr. prob. O.E. burlic, handsome; &jir, a bower], stout and strong.

Bum f O.E, brinnan (intrans.), bcsman (trans.), to bum], hurt caused by fire ; consume with or be on fire. [brook.

Bum [Teut,, cf. Du. borri], Scots word for Buru'er, that which gives out flame. Bur'nish [O.F. bumir, to polisli; cogn. with

Brown], cause to shine, polish; effect of burnishing, gloss.

Bur'roiy [perh. varied spelling of BoTOUgh], hole in the ground made by certain animals; make a burrow.

Bur'sar [II.L. bursurius, a purse-bearer; bursa, a purse], treasurer of a college or monastery, holder of a bursary, [school.

Bur'sa-ry, scholarship at a university or

Burst [O.E, berstan, to burst], fly apart, break open; sudden breaking forth.

Bur'y(«=^[O.E. byrgauj to bury], to cover out of sight.

Bus'by [?], a military headdress of fur. 'Bush (u=oo) [M.E. busk, O.'N. bugler], shrub,

an unsettled place abounding in trees and shrubs.

Bush'el [Late L. buscdlus, a small box], a dry measure for grain, fruit, etc.

Bns'i-ness (ns=l2), regular occupation; buying and selling, affair.

Busk [O.N. bua, to prepare ; sik, oneself], to dress oneself.

Bust [F. bujte; It. buslo'], sculpture repre­senting the head, shoulders, and breast; chest.

Bua'tard [L. avis tarda, a slow bird], large swift-running bird.

Bus'ile [perh. var. of obs. buskle^ fr. obs. bxtsk, prepare], great stir.

Bus'y (us^iz) [O.E. bisigl, hard at work (habitually, or for the time) ; keep busy.

Bus'y-bod'y, meddling person. But [O.E. be-Htan, without], except, only, if

not, otherwise, on the contrary. Butch'er (u—oo) [O.F. boq/iier, fr. boc, a

goat], one who slaughters, one who sells flesh for food ; to slaughter,

Butch'er-y, cruel slaughter. But'ler [O.F. boutdllier, cogn. with Bottle],

man-servant who has charge of wines, plate, etc.

Butt^ [cf. Dan. but, Du. bot, stumpy], thick end.

Butt^ [F. but, a mark], mark to be shot at. Butt 3 [O.F. boter, buter, to thrust], thrust

given by the head. Butt* [Late L. buttis, cask], large cask. Buf ter [O.E. butere; L. biltyrum ; Gk.

boutyrori], fatty substance obtained from cream or milk by churning.

Buftofly [probably so named from the colour of a yellow species], beautiful winged insect.

But'ter-milk, mflk that remains after the butter has been separated.

Bufter-y [O.F. boterie, cogn. with Butler, Bottle], place for provisions in colleges, etc.

Buf ton [O.F. boton, a bud, a button; boter, to push out], knob ; fasten with buttons.

But'tress [O.F. bouterez^ bouteret, a prop], proiection to give support to a wall; to prop.

Bux'om [M.E. buhsum, orig. oblighag; O.E. b'dgan, to bend], stout and rosy.

"Buy (O.E. bycgan, to buy], get for a price. Buzz [imib.], hum as bees ; humming sound. Buz'zard [O.F. busard ; L. buteo, a sparrow-

hawk], kind of hawk. By [O.E. bi, bi, be], near, along, through. By-and-by [O.E. bi, by], later on. By'Iaw, Bye'-law- [prob. O.E. &??, O.N. bijr, a

town, and Law], town-law. By'play, action carried on aside, Byre [O.E. bijre, perh. cogn. with Boweil

cow-house.

Bystander 28 CaKDipers BT'fltand-er, looker-on. By-the-bye (or by), m passing, By'way, path aside from the main road, By'wotd, common saying.

Cab, Cab-ri-o-lef (ct~ai) [Cab is short for F. cabriolet; F. cabnoJc; It. capHola, a goat's leap ; L. capery a goat], carriage for hire.

Ca-bal' [Heb. qahbSlah^ mysterious doctnne, tradition], small mtriguing pdrty.

Cab-a-lis'tic, havmg a mysterious meaning, Cab'bage [formerly cabbage-cole^ head-

vegetable, fr. F. caboche^ head, L. caput, head], yegetable with a iiead of leaves.

Cab'in [Late L. capanna, a hut], hut, room in a ship.

Cab'i-net [F. dim. of cabin, a cabin], small room; the body of mmibters who carry on the government; case with drawers.

Ca'ble [perh. Late L. capulum, caplum, a halter; L. capere, to take], large rope or chain; send a cablegram.

Ca'ble-gram [Cable and Ok. gramma^ a letter], menage sent by a submarme tele graphic cable.

Ca-boose' [cf. Bu. A-a6«w], cooldng-room on boatd ship.

Cab-ri-o-let \SOQ Cab]. Ca-ca'o i-cai'o) [Sp. cacao; Mei. cacauatl,

the cacao-tree], tree from the seed of which cocoa and chocolate are prepared.

Cache (cash) [F, cacher, to hide], store of concealed provisions, etc.

Caeh'in-na'tion Cc?t=k) [L. cachinnSre (p.p. cachinn5tus)t to laugh], immodeiate laughter.

Cac'kle [imit.], cry of a hen or goose ; make the cry of a hen or goose.

Ca-coph'oa-y [Gk. cacos, bad, phSne, sound], harsh sound. Cacoph'onous.

Cac'tua [Crk. caclos], plant with clusters of piickles instead of leaves. [like,

Ca-dav'er-ons [L. caddier, a corpse], corpse-Cad'dice, Gad'dis [?], grub of a May-ny. Cad'die [F. cadet, the yoimger], golfer's

attendant. Cad'dy [Malay Idti, a weight equal to 1^ lb.],

small bos for tea. Ca'dence [L. cadere, to fall], fall of the voice;

close of a phrase m music. Ca-defc' [F, cadet, orig. a younger son],

younger bon of a noble house; student at a military or nav.il school.

Cadge '[perh. var, of Catch], go about peddhng.

Ca'di ikah or kai) [Arab, qddl, a judge], judge. Cad'mi-um [Gk. cadmza gS), Cadmean

(earth)], white metal. Cad-u'cous [L. cadUcus, falhng: cadere^ to

fall], fallhig off. Ca'f6 [F. caje, coffee, coffee-house], coGeo-

housBj restaurant,

Caf'Ie-ine [F. cafHne], a vegetable alkiloid louud in the loaves and seeds of the coflee anfl lea plants.

Cae-sa'ra (si-2ura) [L. caodcre (p.p. ccesus), to cut], pause in a verse.

Caftan [Turk. qafta7i, a dress], long under-tuiiic with girdle.

Cage [L. cavits, hollow], inclosurc of open­work for birds or beasts ; confine as m a cage.

Carn [Gael. Ir., and W, cam, a rock, a pile of stones], artificial heap of stones.

Cairn-gorm' [Scot, mountain Cairngorm; Gael, cam, rock; gorm, blue], brown or yellow rock-crystal.

Cai'tlfl [0. Norm. F. caitif, a captive, a wretch; L. captlvus, cantivc], moan scoundrel.

Ca-jole' [?], persuade by flattery* Ca-jo ler-y, flattery. Cake [perh. O.N. Jcaka; cf. Dan, Jcage^,

sweetened loaf or piece of bread with or without currants, etc.; flat solid mass of matter; form into a haxd moss.

Cal'a-bash [Span, calaba^a; perh. fr. Pers. kharbuz, a melon], large gourd, utensil made from it.

Ca-lam'i-ty [L. calamitas, a misfortune], groat misfortune.

Cal-ash' [F. caliche; cf. Pol. Jcolaska'], small hooded carnage.

Cal-ca're-ous, Cal-ea'ii-ous (c=^) [L. calx calc-is), Vime], mado oi or cD ittiiiiirig lime.

Cal'ce-o-la'ri-a (c=5) [L. calceolus, ,dim. of* calceus, a shoe], shpper-like ilo\^e^.

Cal'cine lc=s) [M.L. cahindre, to reduce to lune; calx^ lime], reduce to powder by heat.

Cal'cu-late [L. cahuldre (p.p. calculatiis)^ to reckon by means of pebble^*], reckon up.

Cal-cu-la'tion, act or result of calculating. Cal'cu-los [L. calculus, a pebble], stone in

any part of the body; a method of calcu­lating in mathematics.

Cal'dion, Caul'dion [t>. caldarium, a hot bath; uihdus, hot], large kettle or boiier,

Cai'en-Sar [L. calendar, calends], register of the year with its divisions.

Cal'en-der [Gk. cylindros, a roller], pressing-machine composed of rollers ; to smooth between rollers.

Cal ends [L. calendce; caldre, to proclaim], first day of month in !Romaii calendar.

Cal en-tuie [Sp. cakntura; L- caltre, to be hot], tropical fever on board ship.

CaZS alkali) [Teut., of. Ger. lalbl, young of the cow.

Ca/I [ON. Ulfi, calf of the leg;__etym. doubtful], fleshy hmder part of tho'leg.

Cal'i-bre, Cal'i-ber [F. and Span, calibre, perh. Arab, gdhb, a form], diameter of the iJore of a firearm ; capacity of mind.

Cal i-co [fr. Calicut in India], cotton cloth, Ca'lif, Ca'liphj Kha'lif [Arab. khaUfah,

*^uccessor], title bonie by the successors of Mohammed. Cal'iphate.

Cal'(l)i-pers [perh. h:. Calibre], compa&ses for measuring diameters,

Calk 29 Cannonade Calk (al=aio), Cau^k [L. calcare, to tread,

press down], stop the seams of a ship with tarred oakum.

Call [O.N. Lalla, to name, summon, cry aloud, make & short visit; a cry, summons, short visit.

Cal-Iig'ra-phy [Gk. callos^ beauty; graphein, to write], art of beautiful writmg.

Call'ing, business. Cal-Iis-ttien'ic3 [Gk. callos, beauty; sthenos^

strength], exercises to give grace of move­ment. [skin.

Cal-los'i-ty [see Callous), hard swelling on Cal'lous [L. callosuSf thick-skinned], hard,

unfeeling. Callow [O.E. calu; perh. L. calviis^ bald],

ivithout feathers, jnesiieriencod. Calm (al=aJty [Late L. and Gk. cauma,

heat],quiet,still; peace,stillness; quieten. Cal'o-mel [Gk. calos^ fair; melas^ black],

preparation of mercurj-. Ca-lor'ic [L- calor^ heat], heat; of or per­

taining to heat. Cal-o-rifjc [L. color, heat, and facere, to

make], UeatLng. Cal-o-ri'me-ter, instrument for measuring

specific heat. Cd'u-met [Gk. calamos, a reed], " peace-

pipe •' of the North American Indians. Ca-lum'ni-ate [L. axlumnmn (p.p. caluvx-

nidttis), to make a ialse charge)], accuse falsely,

•"Cal'unii-ny [L. calumnia^ calumny; calvi, to deceive], slander. Calum'nious.

Ca'lys, Cal'yi [L. and Gk. calycCf covering of a bud], flower-cup.

Cam'bric (a=ai) [fr. Camhrai in Plauders], fine, thin linen.

Cam'el [Gk. camSlos ; cf. Heb. gdmal^ camel], large humped annual oi West Asia and North Africa.

Ca-melTi-a [fr. the botanist, G. J. Kamel], evergreen shrub with glossy leaves and beautiful flowers.

Cam-eVo-pard [see Camel and Pari], guraSe. Cam'e-0 p t . cam^o], stone or shell cut in

relief, [instrument. Cam'er-a [L. camera, a vault], photographing Cam'i-sole [Sp. camisola, fr. camisa, chemise],

formerly a loose sleeved jacket, now a sleeyeless bodice.

Camlet [F. camclot; perh. Arab, khaml^ nap], fabric of hair, or of wool mixed with silk, cotton, or linen.

Cam'o-ndle, C/iam'o-milelGk. chamaimSlon, earth-apple], fragrant plant whose flowers 9xe .used for medicine.

Cam-ou-fiage' (pu=oo, ge=zk) [F. camoujler, to disguise], disguise, partic, in war, con­duct intended to deceive.

Camp [It, campo; L, campus, a field], ground on which tents are erected, collection of tents, or the people who occupy the tents ; prepare a camp, lodge in a camp.

Cam-paifTn' [It. campagna, open country, a campaign; L. campus, a field], tmie an army keeps the field. Campaign'er.

Cam-pa-nile -Ufi^lai) [It. campana, a bell], i ^ bell-tower, visually detached from the \J church.

Cam-pan'u-la [M.L. campanula, dim. of L. campana, a bell], plant with bell-shaped fiower.

Cam'phor [Low L. campliora ; Arab, /ro/wr, camphor; Malay, kujrljr, chalk], tough, white, fragiant gum. Cam'phoratefl.

Can [O.E. canne], vessel for holding liquids ; put in sealed cans.

Can [O.E. can, 1st per. shig. prcs. of cunnan, to know], bo able (followed by an infinitive without to).

Ca-nal' [L. carmUs, a channel, a trench], arti­ficial channel filled with water; duct of th.0 body.

Ca-nard' [F. canard, a duck], made-up sensa­tional story.

Ca-na'ry [fr.the Canari/Islands], yellow sing­ing-bird ; wine made in the Canary Islands.

Can'cel [Low L. cancelldre^ to cancel a deed by drawing lines across i t ; L. cancelli^ lattice work, crossed lines], mark out by cross lines, set aside. Cancella'tiou.

Can'cer [L. cancer, a crab], dangerous growth in the body. Can'cerous,

Can-fle-la'brum i-lai') (pi. -bra) [L. cati^sia, a candle], branched candlestick.

Can'did [L. candidtis, white], frank and fair, outspoken.

Can'di-date [L. candid&tus, white-robed; Candidas, white], one who ofilers himself or is put forward by others for a vacant post, ' Can'didatate,

Can'dle [L. candela^ a candle; candere, to glow], cylinder of tallow or wax round a wick used for lighting.

Can'dOKr [L, candor, brightness, whiteness], frankness and sincerity.

Can'dy [P. (sucre)-candi, (sugar)-candy; Arab, gandi, made of sugar], sweetmeat; make sugar crystals of or in, crust with sugar,

Can'dy-tuifc iCandia, obs. name lor Crete) [and Tuft], plant with fiowers in flat tufts.

Cane [0,F., L. and.Gk. camm, a reed], stem of a reed or small palm, light walking-stick ; beat with a cane.

Ca-nine', Can'ine [L, canis, a dog], relating to or like a dog.

Can'is-ter [Gk. canastron, a basket; canna, a reed], small box for tea, etc., kind of case-shot in a case fittmg the cannon.

Can'ker [see Cancer], corroding ulcer, any­thing which corrodes; eat away as u canker.

Can'nel (coal) [perh. fr. Candle], coal which burns with a clear fiame and is used in making gas.

Can'ni-bal [Sp. Canibales, var. of Carihal, a Carib native of "W. Ind. islands], human man-eater,

Can'non [F. canon ; cf. It. cannone, a cannon, orig. a great tube; L. caJina, a leed], great gun.

Can-non-ade', attack with cannon.

Canoe 30 Carafe Carnoe' ioe=oo) [Sp. and Haytian canoa],

light boafc raovetl by paddles, Can'on [Q-k. canon, a rod, a rule; canna, a

cane], a law, general rule or standard; cathedral dignitary; tlie books received aa genuine Holy Scriptures; kinii of musical composition.

Ca'non, Can'yon [Sp. cafion, a tube; L, canna, a cane], deep river-ravine,

Carnon'ic-al, o£ or pertaining to a canon; (pi.) clerical dress.

Can'on-ize, p^it in the catalogue of saints. Can'on-ry, office of a canon, Can'o-py [Gk. conopdon, a mosquito curtain;

c5n5pSf a mosquito], covering projecting over a bed, etc., or carried on poles over an exalted person, sacred image, etc.

Canti [perh. Gk. caiithos, corner of the eye], tilt to one side.

Cant^ [prob. L. cantUre, freq. of canere, to sing], talk with a pretence of piety, hypo­critical speech.

Can-tan'koons [perh. M.E. contak, conten­tion], ill-natured and fault-fmding.

Can-ta'ta [It. cantdre, to sing], somewhat dramatic musical composition with choruses, solos, etc,

Can-teen' [l^ cantine ; It, cantinay a cellar], place for buying provisions in a garrison, soldier's water-vessel.

Can'ter [short for Canterbury gallop (pil­grims' easy pace)], easy gallop ; move in a c<anter.

Can'ti-cles [L. canticulum, dim. of caniicum, a song; canere, to sing]. Song of Solomon.

Can'ti-lS-ver [Cant^ and Lever], projecting bracket to support balcony, etc. [poem.

Can'to [It. canto, song], division of a long Caa'ton, Can-ton' [0-F. canton, a corner.

See Cant^l, state in Switzerland, division of territory.

Can-ton'ment (-'on or -toon) [see Canton], buildings assigned to troops for temporaiy quarters, permanent military station in India.

Can'vas [L. and Gk. cannabis, hemp], sail­cloth, cloth prepared to receive painting in oil.

Can'vas-baek [named from ashy wliite colour of its back], American wild duck.

Can'vasa .[orig. to toss in a sheet. See Canvas], examine thoroughly, solicit votes; solicitation of votra.

Can'yon [see Cafion]. Caoufchouc (kow'-choolc) [Caribbean cahu-

cftw], india-rubber. Cap [Late L. cappa, a cap], covering for the

head, top piece ; put a cap on, outdo. Ca'pa-hle (cai'-') [L. c^pere^ to hold], of

sufficient size, strength, etc, Ca-pa'cioastL. capax (capSc~is), able to hold ;

capere, to hold], able to contain much. Ca-pa'ci-ty» power of receii-ing or confc^B-

ing, outward condition, position. Ca-par'i-son [Sp. capara^^on; M.L. capaTo-,

a. cowl; cdpa, a cape], ornamental trap­pings; to deck ivith such.

Cape [P. cap, Roni. capo, a headland; L. capi'l, the Iiead], piece of land jutting into the sea. ' [tor the shoulders-

Cape [-P. fr. Span, capa or It. cappa]_ covering Ca'per [L. caper, a goat], skip about;

frolicsome leap,'prank. Ca'per [L. and G k. capparis, the caper

plant, also its fruit], pickled flower-buds of the caper-bush.'

Cap^er-eail'zie [Gael, capullcoille, great cock (lit. horse) oi the wood; capull, horse, coill, wood], wood-grouse,

Ca-pil'la-ry, Cap'ill-a-ry [L. capilhis, hair], like a hair; one of the i -muto vessels wjiich connect the arteries and the veins.

Cap'i-tal [L. caput (capit-is), the head], lii"st-rate, punishable with death.

Cap'i-tal [L. capiteUtim, head of a pillar; caput, the head], uppermost part of a column], chief city, means with which business is carried on, a large letter,

Cap'i-tal-ist, one who has large investments. Cap-i-ta'tion [L. caput, the head], numbermg

by heads. Cap'i-tol [L, Capitolium, temple of Jupiter

:J. Rome; caput., the head], temple of ancient Borne ; U.S. Congress IIouso,

Ca-pifu-late [Late L, capiiuldre (p.p. capi-iuldtus^to divide under headings; caput, tlie head], surrender on certain terms.

Ca-price' (ice=eess) [F. caprice ; It. capricdOf a whim; It. capro^ a goat], wliim, [able.

Ca-pri'cioaa ici—isJi) whimsical, change-Cap'si-cum [perh. L. capsa, a case], kind of

plant with hot capsules and seed. Cap-size' [perh, fi-. Sp. capuzar^ to sink (a

ship), by the head], overturn. Cap'stan [F. or Port, cabestan ; L. capistrdre

capistrum, ,a halter, c&pcrc, to hold)], upright machine which is turned so as to rand a cable on it.

Cap'snle [L. capsula, dim. of capsa, a case], Mnd of seed-vessel, gum envelope for medicine, ,

Cap'tain [Late L. capitdneus, a chief; L, caput; the head], company or troop commander, ' commander of a ship,

Gap'tain-cy, rank or commission of captain. Cap'tious iti^sli) [L, capere (p.p. captns), to

take], ready to find fault. Cap'ti-vaie [U captivare (p.p. caplivatus), to

take captive], enslave, charm, Cap'tive [L. capere (p.p, captus), to take],

taken prisoner; one taken in war, one held in bondage, [bondage.

Cap-tiv'i-ty, state of being a prisoner, Cap'tor, one who takes a prize or a captive. Cap'ture, take by force or surprise ; act of

capturing, thing captured. Car [L. carrits, a car ; Bret, karr, a chariot],

vehicle on .wheels, the cage or box hanging from a balloon,

Gar'a-cole [Sp. caracal, a snail, a winding staircase], half-turn of a hoi-semaii.

Ga-rafe' [Sp. garrafu, a vessel to cool wines in; Arab, f/harafa, to draw water], glass water-bottle.

Caramel 31 Caryatids Car'a-mel [Sp. caramelo, burnt sugar, a cube

of coniectionery. Car'at [Arab, qirai, a weight of 4 grs.], \ 'eight;

for precious stones; word used to indicate tho fineness of gold, pure gold being of 24 carats.

Car-a-van', Car'a-van [Pers. karwanj^ com­pany of merchants travelling together; house on wheels.

Cai-a-van'se-rai (ai=i) p?ers. karw&nsaray'], kind of unfurnished inn where caravans rest at night.

Cai'a-way [MX. carwi; c£. Arab, al, the, karawiydi caraway], plant with aromatic seeds. [rifle.

Car'bine, Car'a-bine [orig. uncertam], short Car-bin-eer', Car-a-bin-eer', soldier armed

with a carbine. Car-boVic [L. carbo, coal; -ol, suf. in

chemistry from termination of Alcohol], acid obtained from coal-tar.

Car'bon [L. carbo (carbun-is), coal], substance which occurs pure in blacklead and in the diamond. [carbon.

Car-bon'ic, of, pertaining to, or containing Car-bon-if'er-ous [L. carSo, coal, ferrey to

carry], containing carbon. Car'bTni-cie [XJ. ca'fbunculziSy small coal], red

gem; kind of tumour. [carbon. Ca>bu-ret'ted [see Carbon], combined with Cai'cass, Cai'casB [P. carcasse, a dead body],

body; kmd of fire-ball from gim. Card^ [G-k. chartSs, a papyrus leaf], piece of

pasteboard G lank, written on, or marked). Caid^ [P. carde^ a teasel-head; JJ. carduus^

a thistle], instrument for combing wool, etc.; to comb with a card.

Card'board, pasteboard for making cards, etc. Cas'di-ac [Gk, cardaa, the heart], pertaining

to the heart. Cat'di-gan [fr. an Earl of CaTdigan\,

knitted woollen waistcoat. Cai'di-nal [L. caTdo (cardin-is), a liinge], chief;

one of the Boman Catholic clergy who rank ' next to the pope. Care [O.E. cani]^ anxiety, charge, heed;

have interest or regard. Ca-reen' [L. carina, a keel], h^ave (said of a

ship) or lean to one side. Car-reel' [Late L. candria via^ a road for cars;

L. camis, a car], razming, course tiirough life; run rapidly.

Care'ful, full of care, taking care. [touch. Car-ress' [L. oxrits, dear], fondle; fondling Ca'ret [XJ* caTet=it needs, there is wanting],

mark (f^) to show the place of something omitted.

Car'gO [Sp. cargo, freight; Late L. carricare, to load a car], goods carried by a ship.

Car-i-bou' (pii=oo) [Canadian F, caribou], N. American reindeer.

Car-i-c£^ture' [It. caricaiura; caricdrey to load], picture or description in which peculiarities are exaggerated; represent with absurd exaggeration. Caricatur'ist.

Ca'ri-es (a=ai) [L. cariSSf rottenness], decay of bone or teeth.

Car'il-lon (lon=yon) [F. from Low L. quad-rilioni^-em), a quaternary], an air played on bells.

Cark'ing [O.N.F. carkier, LX, carricare, to load. See Cargo], vexatious.

Car'inine [Sp. carmin; Arab, qirmizl, crimson, qirmazi, cochinealj^ crimson.

Car'nage [L. caro (cam-is), flesh], slaughter. Car'nal [L. caro (carn-is\ flesh], fleslily. Car-»a'tion [L. camdtio (camdtidn-is),

fleshiness], rosy pink. Car-na'tion [earlier coronation (prob. original

name), comatioTi], double-flowering variety of the clove-pink.

Car-ne'li-an, Cor-ne'li-an [formerly cortia-line. P. comeline-, etym. dub.], flesh-red stone.

Car'ni-val [It. camevale, the thxGa days before Lent; L. camem Icvare, to put away meat], festival in the week before Lent; merry-makiQg.

Car-niv'o-rous [L. caro (cam-is), flesh, vordre, to devour], flesh-eatiag,

Cax'ol [O.P. caroUt a chorus dance. Etym. doubtful], song of joy; sing joyfully.

Ca^rof id [Gk. carotides, the two great arteries of the neck; ccroj,stupor],one of the two great arteries of the iieck.

Ca-rous'al (5=3), a jovial feast. Ca-rouse' [Qer. gar axis, right out, used of

emptying a drinking vessel], take part in a drunken revel.

Carp [O.P, carpe], fresh-water fish. Carp [O.N. karpa, to boast], find fault ill-

naturedly. Car'peu-ter [LX, carjjenhan, a carriage],

worker in timber for building. Car'pentry, Car'pet [O.P. carpite or It. carp-ita; L. carpere,

to pluck], woven covering for a floor. Car'pet-Anight, one made a knight through

court favour; effeminate person. Car'nage [O.N".F. cartage; caHer, to carry],

vehicle for conveying persons; price of canying, bearing, [porter,

Car'ri-er, one who or that which carries, a Car'ri-on [O.IT.P. caroine, perh. fr. L. caro

(cam-is), flesh], corrupt flesh. Car-ron-ade' [fr, Carron in Stirhngshh-o],

short kind of ship's gun. [food. Car'iot [Grk. caroton^ a carrot]* root used for Car'ry [L. carrus, a car], bear or convey. Cart [prob. CN. kartr, a cart], wheeled

carriage for loads. [gristle. Cat'tl-lage [L. cartfZo o (canildgin-isy, gristle], Car'ti-Ia'gi-nous, gristly. Ca>tog'raph-y [P. carte, chart; G-k. graphdn^

to draw], map-drawiag. Car-toon' [P. carton or It. cartone, a large

paper; L, carta, a card], full-sized design to be copied; political caricature,

Car'tridge (It. cartoccio^ a roll of paper; Late L. carta, paper], complete charge for a firearm contained in a case.

Carve [O.E. ceorjan, to carve], cut patterns on wood or other material, cut up meat,

Carv'er, one who carves, carving-knUe. Ca-ry-at'ids, Ca-ry-af id-ea [Gk. Caryatides,

Cascade 32 Catholicity women of Caryae, priestesses of Diana], figures of women, serving as columns to support entablatures.

CaS"Cade' [It- cascdre^ to fall], waterfall. Case [L. capsa, a cage, fr. capere, to hold],

box or covering. Case [L. cadere (p.p. casm), to fall], state of

th in^ ; action at law ; relation of a noun or pronoun to some otlicr word.

Case'har-den, to harden, as iron, by turning surface into steel. Hence, to become callous. Case-faaidened. [hinges.

Case'ment [see Case], window-sash, on Ca'se-ous [L-caseiis^ cheese], of or like cheese. Cash, [orig. a money-bOx; 1''. casse^ now caissc^

a case], money, ready money; give or receive money lor,

Cash'ew (ei^"Oo) [ r . ticajow; Uraz. acajohaj, W. and 33. Indian tree, with kidney-shaped fruit. [dismiss.

Cash-ier', one who has charge of money ; to Cash'mere [fr. Cashmere in India], fine

woollen stuff. Cask [Sp. casco, a skull, a cask], yessel of

staves bound with hoops. Ca-si'no (si=see') [It. dim. of cass, a house],

public room for dancing, singing or gaming. Cas'kefc [dim. of Cask], small bos for jewels. Casqwe [F.], helmet, Cas-sa'va[Haytian casQ66f, cas&vi, Mandioc],

plant from which tapioca is made. Cas'ser-ole [5^.], earthenware vessel in which

food is cooked and, served. Cas'sock [peril. It. msacca^ an outer coat],

loose robe worn by clergymen. [bird. Cas'so-wa-ry [Malay A-cts«!an], ostrich-like Cast [O.N. and Swed. frojto; cf.Dan. kaste'^to

throw], throw, reckon, form into » shape; a throw, slight squint, object shaped in a mould.

Cas'ta-nets [Sp. castanetas; L, castdnca, a chestnut], two pieces of wood struck to­gether in time with dancing.

Casf a-way, one who is shipwrecked. Caste [Port, casta, a race, pure breed ; perh.

I>. castus, piire], distinct class of society in India.

Cas'tel-lan [In casteJlaTms], keeper of a castle. Cas'tel-la-ted, built with turrets like a castle. Cast'er, Cast or [fr. an obsolete sense of

cast^ meaning to turn], little wheel on furniture; a cruet.

Caa'ti^gate [L. castig&re (p.p. castig&tns\ to chasten], punish, expose faidts. Castiga'tion.

Cast'ing, mass of metal cast in a mould. Cas'ile [li. castellmn, dim. of castrum, a fort],

fortified house. Cas'for oil [?j, an oil pressed from seeds. Caa'u-al (s=2h ovz) [L, casiis, chance], chance. Cas'u-al-ty, accident. Cas'u-isfc [I'-'Ciwwwfe; L. castas, case], one

who is given to casuistry, quibbler. Cas'u-ist-ry, reasoning (often false) in regard

to right and wrong. Cat [L. caita], a common domestic animal. Cafa-^ysm [Gk. cata^ down, klysein, to wasli],

deluge; social upheaval.

Cat'a-com&s (pi.) ,(5) [?], undergiound ceme­tery.

Cat'a-Iala'we [Ital. catafalco. Orig. luiknowu], temporary structure used as a stand for the coffin of some great person before barial.

Cat-arlec'tio [Gk. ctzto, down, Ugcin, to stop], wanting a syllable at the end of a line of poetry.

Cat'a-lep-sy [Gk. catUy down, Icpsis^ seizure], sudden fixedness of the body with lack of power to move. Catalep'tic.

Cat'a-log«e [GkL'cofa, down, hgcin, to choose], list of names; etc.

Cat-a-mai-an' ,'[Tamil, kaita-maram, tied logs], kind of;raft.

Cat'orplasm [Qk. cata, down, plasmein, to mould], poultice.

Cat'a-pult [Gk. cata, down, pall^n, to hurl], forted stick with an elastic band for throwing stones.

Cofa-ract [Gk. cata, down, rhegnymi, to break], large waterfall; disease of the eye.

Ca-tarJ'i'i' [Gk, cata, down, rhedn, to flow], How of mucus from the nose, etc,

Ga-taa'ko-phB [Gk. cala, do^\'n, stropM, a turning], great misfortune, turning-point or climax of a tragedy.

Catch [O-N.!*". cachier, to hunt; L, capere (p.p. captus), to take], lay hold of, come up with; that which is caught; humorous roimd in music.

Catch'up, Cat'sup (also Ket'chup) [perh. Chin. l:de-chiap, brme of pickled fish], sauce made from mushrooms.

Caf e-chise (ch=:]c) [Gk. caia, down, echdn^ to sound], examine by asking questions.

Cat'e-chism, book of instruction by questions and answers. Gat'echist.

Cat-e-c/tu'men [see Catechise], young member of the Church who is receiving instruction before taking the Lord's Supper.

Cafe-go-ry [Gk. caia, down, agamst, agora^ an assembly], class or order.

Ca'ter (a=ai) [M.E. cater (short for acateT\ a caterer; O.F. acat, a buying], supply pro­visions. Ca'terer,

Cat'er-an(a=(i) [Gael, ceathaime, peasantry], Highland cattle-lifter.

Cafer-pil-lai iO.¥. chatepelose; chale (fern. of chat^,cat\ and pdose^ iialry], worinlike grub of butterflies and moths. [cat.

Cat'er-waul [Cat and uaul, imit.], cry lUie a Cat'gut, intestines (not cat's) made into

strings for musical instruments. Cath-ar'tic [Gk. catliariicos\ calhairein, to

cleanse], purgative. Ca-the'dral [Gk. cac/icdra, a seat; caia, down,

and hedra, a chair], church with a bishop's throne; an important church of archi-tect.ural beauty.

Cath'o-Iic [Gk. caCa, throughout, holes, the wholoj, miiversal, broad m sympathy, member of the Cabholic Church.

Ca-thol'i-eiam, adherence to the Catholic Church, broad-mindedness.

Ca-tho-li'ci-ty, freedom from prejudice.

Catkin 33 Centipede Cat'kin [Du. katteken, kitten; also catkin of

willow, hazel, etc.], blossom" of the willow, etc.

Cat-o'-nine-tails, a whip with nine lashes. Cat*S-paw [frdm the fable of the monkey

which used the paws of the cat to draw nuts from the firej, dupe or tool of another, slight breeze.

Caf sup [see Catchup]. Caftle tO.N.F. catel; L. capitGle, property],

animals of the os kind. 'Cau'cua [U.S. word, perh. from Algonldn

kaiB-kaw-asu^ a counsellor], private meeting of politicians to choose candidates, etc,

Cau'dal [L. cauda, a tail], pertainmg to a tail. Can'dle [L. calid^is, hot], warm drink for

sick persons. Cau'li-flow'er [F. c^ou fori, Ir. L. caulisy a

stem, fiorcre, to flourish, assim; to L. caulis and E. flower], kind of cabbage with a curd-hke head.

Cau^k [see Calk]. Caul'dron [see Caldion]. Cause (5=2) [L, cansa^ a cause], that which

produces a result; a suit in court; bring about.

Cause'way [O.N.F. ca-ucie; Late L. calciata (ina), trodden (way), and Way], raised a33d pared pathway,

Caua'tic [Gk. causticoSi burning], burning, corroding, cutting and severe; substance which corrodes.

Cau'ter-ize [Gk. cautenon, a branding-iron], burn with a caustic or hot iron.

Cau'tion [L. cavere (p.p. cauius\ to beware], provident care, warning; to warn.

Cau'tious, full of caution. Cav-al-cade' [F. fr. Port, cavalcada; L.

caballiis^ a horse], procession on horaeback. Cav-a-Iier' (ic=ee) [It. cavaliere, a cavalier; L,

caballus^ ahorse], knight, gallant; offhand. Cav'al-ry [It. cavalleria, cavalry; L. cabedlus,

a horse], body of mounted troops. Cave [b. caviis, hollow], hollow place in the

earth. Ca've-at [L. eavcat=!\et him beware], a

warning, caution. Cav'em [L. cat'CTTza, cavern, cavus^ hollow],

large cave.' Ca-vi-ai', Ca-vi-are' [?], salted ro^ of the

sturgeon; unpalatable. [trifles, Cav'il [L. cavilla, mockery], find fault for Cav'i-ty [L. cavus^ hollow], hollow. Caw [iniit.], cry of a crow; make the cry of

a crow. Ca/man, Cai'man [prob. Carib. ac&7joumun'],

American alligator, Cay-enne' [Braz. ky^nJia, assim. to Cayenne^

capital of French Guiana], strong kind ot p6pper. [leave off.

Cease [L. cedere (suprCessum), to go, to yield], Ce'dar [Gk. ccdros, a cedar], evergreen tree. Cede [L. cedere^ to go, to yield], give up or

yield. Cfr^Oa [It. zediglia, dim. of zeta, Gk. letter i^,

mark under c (<;) before a, 0, or u to show that it is to be sounded like 5,

Ceiring [L, ccehm^ heaven], roof of a room. Cel'an-dme [Gk. chcUdonion, swallow-wort;

cJielidQn, a swallow], plant with yellovr flowers.

Cere-brate [L. celeber, frequented], honour by tokens of respect, to perform with proper ceremonies. Cere-l)ra-ted, famous.

Cel-e-bra'tion, act or time of celebrating. Ce-leb'ri-ty, fame; famous person. Ce-ler'i-ty [L. celer, swift], swiftness. Cel'er-y [F. celeri; L. and Gk. seUnan,

parsley], vegetable. Ce-les'ti-al [L. ccelnm, heaven], heavenly. Ceri-ha-ey [L. cceUhs (ccdib-is), unmanned],

unmarried state, Ccl'ihate. Cell [I;, cella, a small room], small room in a

prison, convtnt, etc., smallest element of liY'mg structure.

Cell'ar [see Cell], room under a house. Cel'lu-lar [L. cellula^ dim. of ceUa^ a cell],

made up of cells. Cel'lu-loid [L. celhiUxy dun. of ceJla, a cell],

substance made of gun-cotton and camphor. Celt (or Kelt) [L. Celta], ancient inhabitant

of "Western Europe. Celt [founded on celte in the Vulgate, Job

six. 24, and rendered " with a chisel"], a primitive chisel.

Ce~meni^ 11/. cwmentum^ chippings ot stones ccedere, to cut], substance which joins two bodies; join firmly.

Cem'e-ter-y [Gk. cowieterion, a sleeping-place], burial-place.

Cen'o-taph [Gk. cenos^ empty, tapJios, a tomb], monument in honour of a person who is buried elsewhere.

Ceu'ser [O.F. ceJisier^ fr. encensier ; L. incen-suniy incense; incendere, to kindle], vessel

.- to contain incense. Gen'sor [L. censere, to tar, to give au

opinion], officer who examines books, etc.; permit or forbid publication.

Cen-so'ri-ous, fault-finding. Cen'sure, blame ; to blame. [the people. Cen'sus [L. censere, to rate], numbering of Cent [L. centum^ a hundred],, hundi-ed;

Ajnerican coin woith yfiu'*' ! part of a dollar, Cen'taur [Gk.], a being half-man half-horse. • Cen-te-na'ri-an, one who has lived one

hundred years. Cen'te-na-ry (or Cen-te'-) [L. centenaries,

centeni, a hundred each], anniyci"sary or commemoration of an event at the end of a hundred years.

Cen-ten'ni-al [L. centum, a hundred, annus, a year], happening every hundred years, after a hundred years,

Cen'ti-grade [L. centum-, a hxmdred, gradus, a step], divided into 100 degrees (of Celsius's thermometer, with freezing-point 0° and bofltug-point 100°).

Cen'ti-me-tre [L. centum, a hundred; Gk, mctron, a measure], the lOOtli of a metre, about "39 inch,

Cen'ti-pede [L. centum, a hundred, pes (j)ed4s), a foot], worm-like animal with many feet.

Central 34 Chant Cen'tral [L. centrum, a centre], belonging to,

in, or near the centre, Cen'tral-izei gather into or about a centre. Cen'tre CG-k. centron, a spike], middJe point;

colieefc to a point. ' Cen-trifU-gal [L. centrum^ a centre, fugere^

to flee], tending or causing to fly from the centre,

Cen-trip'e-tal [L. centrum, a centre, pdere, to seek], tending or causing to approach the centre.

Cen'tu-ple iu—oo) [L. centum, a hundred, plicdre, to fold], hundredfold.

Cen-tu'ri-on [see Contiiry), Roman com­mander of about a hundred foot-soldiers.

Cen'tu-ry PJ. centuHa, number of one hundred], hundred years; in Roman history a company of sol(^ers, orig. a hundred.

Ce-ram''_ic [Gt5c. ccrainos, potter's earth], of or pertaining to pottery.

Ce're-al [L. Ceres^ the goddess of corn], grain; relating to grain,

Oes'e-bral [L, ccrehrum., the brain], of or pertaining to the brain,

Cere'cloth, Cere'ment (seer'ment) [L. cera, was], waxed cloth in which to wrap a dead body ; (pi.) grave-clothes.

Cer-e-mo'ni-al, relating to ceremony; system of ceremonies.

Cer'e-mo'ni-oua, observant of forms. Cer'e-mo-ny [L. cwrimoniay a rite], outward

ionn, religious or otherwise. Cer'tain [L. certus, sure, orig, p.p, of cernere,

to discriminate], sure, fixed on, not specially named.

Cer'tain-ty, state of being certain, truth. Cer-tif i-cate [L. certus, sure,/aw?re, to make],

written statement of facts. Cer'ti-fy [P* certifier; L. certificdre, to make

sure], assure. [certainty. Cei'ti-tude [L. certitudo; certus^ sure], Ce-ru'Ie-au [L. cceruleus (for cceluleus\ blue,

cesium, sliy], sky-blue. Cer'vi-cal h. cervix (cerviois), the neck], of

or pertaining to the neck. Ces-sa'tion [L. cessdre (p.p. cessdtiis), to

stop], stoppage. Ces'siou [Ii, cSdere (sup. cessum), to yield],

a giving up to others. Cesa'pool [origin uncertain, perhaps Celt,

soss, filth, or It. cesso, privy], pool in which filthy water collects.

Ce-ta'ce-an (c—sh) [G-k. cetos, a whale], of the order of aquatio mammals, including whales.

ChaSe [O.F. c/Ktu/er, to warm], warm or fret by rubbing; fret.

Cha'fer [O.E. cefer], kind of beetle. Chaff [O.B. ccaf], husks of corn; banter. Chaffer [O. Hl. cSap, a bargain, and farxi, a

journey], to bargain. [bird. Chaffinch (Chaff and Finch], kind of song-Cha-grin' (sha-green') [P. chagrin, melan­

choly], vexatioTi. Chain [L. catena, a chain], line of links fitted

together; fasten with a chain.

Chair [L. and Gfk. cathedra, a throne, a raised •&Q^\'j; 0.1\ chaere], seat with a back for one person. ',

Chair'man, one who presides at a meeting. Chaise (shaiz) [F. chaise, O.F. chaere, a

chair], kind of light carriage. C/i al-ced'o-ny [G k. chalcid&n'], whitish quartz. Chaldron [0.')^.^chaudeT07i, as Caldron], coal-

measure of 36 bushels. Chfd'ics ice^iss) [L, calix (calic-is), a cup],

drin king-cup.' Chalk (al—awyiL- calx (calc-is), lime], earthy

limestone, similar preparation for writing; to mark with same.

Chal'Ifinge [0;3?, chalenge; L. calumnia, false accusation], summons to fight; call to fight J call to answer. Chal'lenger,

C?ia-lyh'e-ate [&k. chatyhos, steel, named from the Chalybes of Pontus, who made steel], (water) containing iron or steel.

Gham^ber (a^ai) [F. chambre', L. camera, a room, a vault], room, hall, assembly.

Cham'ber-lain ia==ai) [O.F., fr. Teut. (of. O.H.Q". chdmarling, fr. L. camera, a room], high officer of a court.

CAa-me'le-on [Q-k. cIiamai,ou the ground,Ze^7i, lion], kind'of lizard which changes colour.

Cham'ois islmm'waK) [F. chamois], small kind of antelope; shammy) soft leather.

C&am'o-milo [see Camomile]. Champ [prob. imit.], bite the bit (as a horse). Cham-pavno' ich—sli) [fr, the province of

GhampagTie, in Prance], wine of France. Oham-paigri' (ch^sh) [O.F. ckampaigne; L.

campus, a plain], flat, open country, Cham'pi-on [L.L. campio (campion-is), a

combatant; campus, a field], one who fights for a person or cause; one who is victorious over all,

Chance [O.F, cJieance; Late L. cadentia, a falling, chance; L. cadere, to faU], accident, opportxmity; to risk,

Chan'cel [L.L. amcellus, a chancel, a screen; L, cancelli (pi.), a grating], that part of a chux'cli where the altar is placed.

Ghan'cel-lor [L. cancelldriits, orig, an ofH.cer who stood near the caiicelli round the judgment seat],. title given to many oflicers 'of state; president of a court.

Chan'cer-y [for chancelry; Late L. cancel-Idria, the record-room of the cancellarius], division of the English or Irish High Court of Justice.

Chan-de iief" (ch=:sh, ie=€e) [F. chandelieTy a candle-holder; L. candela^ a candle], hanging frame with branches for lights.

Ghan'dler [L. catidela, a candle], maker or seller of candles; dealer in general.

Change; [O.F, chajiger; L. cambire, to exchange], become or make difiierent; act of changing; small money.

Change'a-hle, given to change. Chan'nel [L. candlis, a channel], watercourse,

narrow sea. Chant [F. chanter; L. cantare, to shag], short

tune' to accompany prose psalms; sing, especially as a chant,

Chanter 35 Cheque Chanfer [see Chant], finger-pipe in a bag­

pipe. Chant'i-cleer [name of the cock in O.F.

beast-epic of Ueynard the Fox], a cock. Cfta'os (a—ai) [Gk. cTiaos]^ boundless con­

fusion. C7ia-ot'ic [see Chaos], confused. Chap [M.E. chappen^ cf. M.Du. cappe7i],

crack in slits; cleft, jaw. Chap'el [Late L. cappella, orlg. a shrine where

the cappa or cloak of St. Martin was kept], place of worship, compartment of a cathedral,

Chap'er-on (ch=sh) [i?. chaperon, a protector, orig. a kind of hood; chape, a hooded cloak], matron who acts as protector to a young lady in public; to attend as chaperon.

Chaplain [see Chapel], clergyman to the court, to troops, etc. Chaplaincy.

Chaplet [O.P, chapeUt, a head-die^; chape^ ~ a cloak], wreath for the head. [pedlar.

Chap'man [O.E. dap, barter, and Man], Chap'ter LF. chapitre; L, capitulum (dim. of

caput, the head)], division of a book, clergy­men belonging to a cathedral. [work.

Char^ [O.E. cerran, to turn], to do a turn of Ciiai^ [?J, to roast, bum, scorch. C/iar'ac-tei [Gk. characte)^ a stamped mark],

letter or figure; the sum of a person's •qualities; a person in a book or play; peculiar person. ' [tinctiTC.

Cftai-ac-ter-is'tic, part of a character; dis-Cftar'ae-ter-ize, point out the character of, be

a mark of. Gha-raie' (ch=sh) [Pror. charrada, a long

talk], syllable-puzzle. Char'coal, charred wood. Charge [F. charter, to load; L. carricarej

to load a cart; carrns, a car], keeping, load, cost, command, accusation, sudden attack; to load, put a price on, command, accuse, attack.

ChEUi'ger, large dish; war-horse. Char'i-ot [0.3?., augment, of char, a c ^ ; L.

carrus, a car], in ancient times a kind of carriage used in war, races, etc.

Chaivi-ot-eer', driver of a chariot. Chai'i-ta-ble, free in giving to the poor,

kind, connected with charity, Char'i-ty [L. carus, dear], good-will, alms,

charitable institution. Char'la-tan (ch=shy [It. darlatano, a

mountebank; ciarlare, to prattle],-quack. Char^lock [O.E. cerlic^, wild mustard. Charm [^. charme; L. carmen, a song],

that whicli pleases greatly, magical words, thing worn for good luck; please greatly.

Char'nel-house [O.E. chamcl, a cemetery; L. camdlis, carnal], place for bones of the dead.

Chart [L. charta, paper], marine map, table of facts.

Char'ter [L. charta, a paper], formal writing bestowing rights, etc,; hire by charter,

Cfaar'wo-man [see Char^], woman house-worker hired for single days. [caxeful.

Cba'ry [O.E. cearigy full of care], cautious,

Chase [0,F. chader, to pursue; see Catch], pursuit; to hunt.

Chase [F. chdsse, a case], frame for types. Chase [short for enchase; E. en chasse, in a

case], engrave metal. CAasm [L, and Grk. cha^rrui\, deep gap. Chaste [L. castns, chaste], pure, refined. Chas'ifen, afilict with a good purpose. Chas-tise' is~z) [O.E. chastier ; L. castigdre;

see Chaste], punish. Chas'tise-ment, punishment. Chat [imit.], talk at ease ; familiar talk. Chateau' (sha-io) [P.], a castle, Chat'e-laine (shat-) EO.E. chasiel, castle],

female pastellan or castle-keeper; orna­mental appendage at lady's belt.

Chat'tela [O.E. chatel; catel, propertj^], property or goods.

Chat'ter [see Chat], talk idly; make a noise like a magpie,

Chat'ty, given to light talk. Chauf-feur' (shd-fer') [F. chauffeur^ fr,

chauffer, to make hot], driver of motor-car. Chau'vin-ism (chau^sho) [E. Chauvin, de­

voted soldier of Napoleon], exaggerated patriotism; Jingoism. Chau'vinist,

Cheap [O.E. c^ap, price], at a low price. Cheat [short for escheat; O.E. eschete, rent],

to deceive ; a swindler. Check [O.E. eschec, check, fr. Pei-s.

shah, the shah],- to stop, hinder, "Baake sure by comparison ; a stop, token.

Check2 [same as checker, or chequer; O.E. escheJcier, a chess-board], pattern of squares or one of the squares.

Check'ered (see Cheguered). Check-mate' [Arab, shah matQ, the king is

dead], complete check of ting in chess; final defeat. [eye.

Cheek [O.E. dee], side of the face below the Cheep [imit.], chirp like a young bird. Cheer [O.E. chere; Late L. cara, the face],

state of mind, shout of applause; make glad.

Cheer'ful, Cheer'y, full of good spirits. Cheese [L. cdsem, cheese], pressed curd of

nulk. Chee'tiJi [Hind. chUa; Skrt. cMtrdka, spotted],

the hunting- leopard in India. Chef (c?i~sh) [E, chefj head, fr. L. capttt],

head cook of a large establishment. Chem'i-c^ (ch=k) [see Chemist], relating to

chemistry, Chem-ise' (shem-eez') [P. chemise; Late L.

camisia, a slairt], undergarment worn by women;

Chem'ist (cA=Jt) [short for Alchemist; see ' Alchemy], one skilled in chemistry, maker

or seller of chemicals or drugs. Chem'is-try, science which treats of the

properties of elementary substances and their laws of combination, etc.

Che-nille' (ille=:eel) [P. (lit. a.caterpillar;], tufted cord, of silk or worsted, used in ladies' dresses.

tShQQue [variant of Check'], money order on a banker.

Chectuered 36 Christmas Cheq'i^ered, Check'erefl, marked in squares;

varying from light to d'irlj, etc. Cher'ish [!'• cher; L. earns, dear], treat with

tenderness, Che-root' ich=sh or ish) [Tamil, slmrutiu^ a

roll], Mad of cigar. Cher'ry [Gk. cerasos^ a cherry-tree, perh. It.

CerasoSj in Pontus], iind of atone-iruit. Cfaer'ub, pi. Cher'ubg and Cher'u-bim [Heb.

k'rub (pi. k'rublmyii winged creature with human iace.

Cher-u'bic, angelic. Chess [O.F. esclice, a checi:, lit. a king;

Pers. shah^ a ting], game for two persons with 33 pieces on a bocard with G i squares.

Cheat tGk. cists, a chest, a box], large box; part of the body.

Chest'nat l^^- castanea, perh. £r. Castanea, in Pontus], kind of tree, its fruit.

Chev-a-lier' (c/t—5ft) [P. chevdl^ a horse], knight,

Chev'ron (ck=sJi) [R chevron, a rafter], bent bar like inverted Y, bar on sleeve of an iT.O.O.

Chew [O.E. ciou:an\, bruise ^ith the teeth. CM-hoiik' (ou^oo) [lurk, chibftk, tube, pipe],

Turkish pipe. Chi-ca'ner-y (cft=jft) [P. chicaner, to wrangle,

originally to dispute in the game of mall or chicane], trickery. Chicane'.

Chick, Chief en [O.B. cicen\, young fowl. Chic'o-ry CGk, cicliora], plant of which the

root is ground and mixed with coffee. Chile [O.U. cUan\, reprove. Chief [O.P. chef, the head], principal, leader. Chieftain, a chief, head of a clan. Chil-fon-ier' (ch=sh, ier=ecr) [F. chiffonier,

a rag-picker, a cupboard; chiffon, augmen­tative of ohiffe, a rag], movable cupboard.

Chil'blain [O.E. cde, coldness, blegen, to blow], swellmg on hands, feet or ears caused by cold. [daughter.

Child [O.E. did'], young person, son or Chill [O.B. cele], coldness; grow or make cold. ChiU'y, somewhat cold. Chime [it.E. chymbe, orig. a cymbal; Gk.

cymbalon, a cymbal], set of bells in tune, the souitd of bells; to sound (said of bells).

Chi-me'ra (c7(=t) [Gk. chimaira, a she-goat, also a monster with a goat's body], monster in fable; vain fancy.

Chi-mer'ic-al, wildly ima-gined. Ciflm'ney lij- caminw, an oreri], iTxccac\ ior

escape of smoke. Chim-pan'zee or Chim'pan-zee [African

name, tsimpansee], Alrican. ape. Chin [O.I], cin], lower end of the face. Clii'na [fr. China, first country of origin],

fine earthenware. Chin-chil'la [Sp. dim. of chinche, a bug], small

South American animal with soft fur. Ghin'oough <pugh~off) [for.-'Chink-Cough],

whooping-cough. Chine 1 [O.P. eschine, the back-bone, perh.

O.G.H. seina, a splinter], backbone, part of the backbone of an animal.

Chine 2 [O.K. ciniil, ravine, ridge.

Chink [etym. dubi, pcrh. fr. Chine"), narrow 01ening.

Chintz [for chinis, pi. of cHnt; Hind. cMnt, spotted cotton cloth], glazed printed crlico,

Chip [dim. of chop], cut small pieces off; s m ^ piece cut off: fine straw-plait,

Chi'ro-man-cy ich^lc, V) [Gk. cheir, the hand, manteia, prophecy], palmistry.

Chi-rop'o-aist (ch=Ic) [Gk. cheir, the hand, VOits (jjod-os), the foot], one who doctors hands and feet.

Chirp, Chi'rrnp [imit.], noise of young birds or crickets.

Chis'el (s=2) [Late L. cUcllum, a cutting instrument; ccedere (p.p. aesus), to cut], small cutting tool.

Chiv'al-rous (ch~sh), pertaining to chivalry, brave and courteous.

Chi/al-ry (ch=^sh) [O.P. chemlerie, ii\ L. caballarius, a cavalier], knighthood, ideal knightly conduct.

CAIor ine <iine=^een) [Gk. chloros, green], g;i3 of greenish colour used in bleaching.

Cftlo'ro-iorm [Gk.' cftESros, green; L. formica, an ant], liquid used to produce insensi­bility. •. [full.

Ghock'full [perh, O.N.P. choqiie, a log], quite Choc'o-late plex. chocolatl, chocolate], paste

made from' the seeds of the cacao-tree, drink made from this.

Choice [O.P. chois, choice], act of chocsing, thing chosen; select.

Choir (gw re) [Gk. clioros^ a dance, a troop of dancers or singers], company of singers, part of a church.

Choke [0.!E, aciocian, to choke], block up, stop the windpipe.

C^ol'ex ( 0 IG- ' chole, bile], bile, anger. C/ioVer-a ((5) [Gk. cholera, cholera, chole,

bile], dangerous disease. CAd'er-ic, passionate. Choose [O.E, c6o$an], take by preference,

select, Chop [a later form of Chap], cut by strokes of

a sharp instrument; piece of meat chopped ofE; (pi.) jaws.

Chop'sticks, two small sticks used by Gliinese to convey food to the mouth.

C/io'ral (5), belonging to a choir. C/tord [Gk. chorda; same word as Cord],

string of a inusical instrument, three (rarely two) or more notes sounded logcttier.

Chore [U.S.' See Char], job, small piece of work,

0/iOr'is-ter, one of a choir. Cfto'rus [see Choir], band of singers, vocal

part-music for a number of voices. Chough (chuff) [B.],red-legged crow. Chrism [Gk. chrisma'], consecrated oil. Gkii^ien [L. Ckristus^ Christ; Gk, christos,

anointed], baptize and name. CAris'^ea-dom, whole body of Christians. CAria'tian, one who professes to follow Christ. OAris-ti-an'i-ty, religion of Christians. C/jrisCmaa [Christ and Mass], yearly festival

in memory of the birth of Ohrisfe,

Chromatic 37 Civet CAro-mafic [Gk. chroma^ colour], rclatmg to

colour; in music proceeding by semi­tones.

CAion'ic [Gk. chroTws, t ime], lasting a long time, habitual.

C/iron'i-cle [Gk. clironica, annals], record of events in order of time ; to record.

CAio-noro-gy (Gk, dironos^ t ime ; logos^ a discourse], science of t ime.

CAron-o-lo'gi-cal 16), in order of t ime. C/tronom'e-ter [Gk. chronos, t i m e ; metron,

measure], very esact clock or watch. CArya'a-lis [Gk. chrysos, gold], stage of insect

life between the caterpillar and the butter­fly.

CA rys-an'the-mum [Gk. chrysos, gold, antkemon, a flower], flo^\er of early winter.

Chub [?], kmd of fresh-water fish. Chubb [fr. Chubby a London locksmith],

kmd of lock. [umbrella. Chub'by [fr, Chsb], full-cheeked; shoi-t Chuck [formerly chock; perh. T. choguer^ to

give a shock], pat gently (under the clun), toss.

Chuc'kle [imit.],low, broken laugh; to laugh with iei)traint.

Chum [?], room-mate, close friend; to be T ery Intimate with.

Chuich [Gk. ctjnakon (perh. d6ma\ the Lord's (house); kyriosy a lord], all Christians, body of Christian, worshippers, bmldmg for such worship.

Charch'yard, graveyard round a church. Churl [O.E. ccorlj a man] , rustic, rude

fellow, CfauTl'ish, rude and ungracious. Chum [O-E. Cjnn% butter-makmg maehme;

stir, or beat milk or cream to make butter . Chute (shoot) [P . cMtc, fall], downward slide

With or without water. [relish. Chuf ney [Hind. chatni\^ kmd of hot Indian Chyle ich=l) [Gk. chylos, jmce], miUcy flmd

formed from food m the intestmes. Chyme ck=l) [Gk. chymos, juice], food

reduced to pulp m the stomach. Cic'artrice, Ci-ca'trix (c%c=cil) [L. cicatrix

(cicdinc-ts), a scar], scar over a healed wound.

Ci-ce-ro'ne (cice=tshlshl or •ii-se) [It . cicerone^ fr. L. Cicero^ a Roman orator], guide.

Ci'dei [Gk. sicera, strong drink], drmk made from apples.

Ci-gai' [Sp. cigarro], roll of tobacco leaves. Cig'a-retie' [F . dim. of Cigar], cut tobacco

rolled in paper, Cin-eho'na (cho=ko) [Sp. place-name Chin-

chon. The Countess of C. was cured by cmchona, A.t), 1638], tree which yields quinme. [belt.

Cinc'ture [L. dngere (p.p. cinctusX t o gird], Cin'der [O.E. siTuler], partly-burned coal. Cm'e-ma [see Cinematograph], a theatre

where pictures are sho^m. Cin-e-mafo-graph [Gk. dnein, to move,

graphetn^ to describe], a, motion picture. Cin'er-ar-y [L. cijierdrius, fr. dnis (cineris)^

ashes], relatmg to ashes.

Cin'na-mou [Heb. qijinamon, said to be of Malay origm], aromatic bark.

Crpher [Arab, si/r, zero (orig. cmpti/), figure 0, any Arabic numeral, person of no im­portance, monogram, secret writing ; do sunK.

Cir'cle [L. drcutus, round, dim. of drcus, a ring], curve without ends, surface within the cu rve ; move around.

Cir'cuit (cuit=kit) [L. drcum, round, frc(sup, itum), t o go], ac t of moving round, regular round in discharge of duty .

Cir-cu'it-ous, roundabout. Cir'cu-lar, r o u n d ; paper for circulation. Cir'eu-late, go round as in a circle, spread, Cir-cum-am'bi-ent [L. drcum, round, ambiy

abou t ; ire, to go], surroundmg. Crr-cmn'fer-ence [L. drcum, round, ferre, to

bear, t o carry], curve which encloses a circle, etc.

Cil'cum-flex [L. circxtm, round, jleciere (p.p. fiexus), t o bend], accent marked thus (^ (or " i n Greek) ) .

Cir-cum-ja'cent [L. drcum, round, jacSre (pr.p. jacens (-entis)\ to he], lying round.

Cir-cum-Io-cu'tion [L. drcum, round about, loqui (p.p. lodUus), to speak], round-about

Cic-cum-nav'i-gate [L. drcum, round, nad-gdre, t o navigate; Ttatis, a ship], sail round.

Cir'cum-soribe [L. circum, round, scrlbere, to write], draw Ime round, limit.

Cir 'cara-^ect [fj- drcum, round, specere (p.p. spectus), to look], cautious, prudent.

Cir'cum-stance [L. drcum, round, stare (pr.p. stans), t o s tand] , something relating to a main fact, de ta i l ; (pi.) s tate of afEairs.

Cir-cum-stan'tial (ti=sh), consistmg m cu:-cumstances, detailed.

Cit-cum-v^-la't ion [L. drcum, round, vallum^ a waU], act of surroundmg with a wall.

Cir-cum-vent' [L. circurti, roundjienfre (sup. ventum\ to come], deceive, outwit.

Cir-cum-vo-lu'tion [IJ- circum, round, tohcre (p.p. voluius), to roll], rollmg round.

Cir'cus [L. drcus, a chrcle], circular mclosure for feats of horsemanship, etc,

Cic'rug, (pi.) Cir'ii [L. cirrus, a curl], light, fleecy cloud. [cofim.

Cist |Xi. dsta; Gk. ciste, a chest], prehistoric Cis'tem [i j . cistema, cistern; ctsta, a box],

t a n k for water. Cifa-del [ I t . cii/a^ZZa, dim. of ciitade, a city],

fortress in or near a city. Ci-ta'tion, summons, quotation. Cite [li . dtare (p.p. citdtus)^ to call], call t o

appear, quote. Cith'em, cith'er, citt 'era [L. dthera], musical

instrument like the guitar . Cif i-zen, one who lives in a city, a towns­

man, a freeman, [lemon. Cit'ron [I t , citrone; L, dtrus'], large ]vind of Cit'y [O.P. ate; L . civitds, a city], town of

superior rank to others. CiVet [Arab, zabad, civet], perfume taken

from the civet-cat (called a^o the civet).

Civic 38 Climacteric Civ'ic [L. civis, a citizen], relating to a city

or a citizen. Civ'il [It. clvis, a citizen], relating lo a city or

a s tate, within the s t a t e ; polite, Ci-vil'ian, one whose pui-suits arc those of

civil, not military, life. Ci-vil'i-ty, politeness. Civ'i-li-za'tion, s tate of beijig civilized;

usages of civilized life. Civ'i-lize p j . cui3, a citizen], instruct in the

manners of civil life. Clack [imit.], sharp sound as by str iking;

clatter of voices; to chat ter ; make sharp Eound.

Claim [L. clamdrc, t o call out], to demand as a r ight; demand as of right, thing demanded, an allotment.

Claim'ant [L. damdre (pr.p. damans -antis), ' to call out] , one who claims. Clair-voy'ance [F, dair^ clear, vojjant,

seeing], alleged power of seeing things no t present t o t he senses. Clairvoy'ant.

Clam [see Clamp], bivalve shellfish. Cla'mant [see Claimant], crying out, urgent. Clam'ber [perh, ir. Climb], climb with hands

and feet. Clam'my [perh. fr. O.B. cUim, d a y ] , damp

and sticliy. Clam'or-ous, noi-iy, Clain'owr [L. cia7ncr,-noise], great noise. Clamp [perh. O.E. clamly piece of wood or

metal used to hold things together; fasten "with a c lamp; t read heavily.

Clan [Gael, damijy number of families bearing the same surname, under a chief.

Clan-des'tine [L. clandest'm-us^ close], secret. Clang, Clang'owr U-'. dangcre, to resound;

clangor, a loud noise], ringing sound. Clank [perh. fr. Clang, b u t cf. Du. klank, a

ringing], sound such as a chain makes. Clan'msh, caring almost exclusively lor

family connections. Clap [cf. O.Jv"', and Swed. klappa, to clap],

strike together, p a t ; noise made by strik­ing ijogether, a pat.

Clap'per, tongue of a bell. [words. Clap'trap [Clap and Trap], empty imposing Clar 'et[O.P. dairet, dim. of dair (L, darus),

clear], French red wine. Clar'i-fy [L. darus^ clear, facere, to make] ,

make clear. Cliuifica'tion. Clar'i-net, Clai-i-o-net' [dim. of Clarion], reed

wind instrument. Clar'i-on [O.P, daron, a clear-sounding

h o r n ; L. dariis, clear], kind of t rumpet . Clar'i-ty [L. dams, clear], clearness. Clash [unit .] , noisy dashing together, Clasp [E. , etym. dub. ] , catch for holding to­

gether; g r a s p ; fasten together ; embrace. Class [L. dassiSf a class, an assembly], rank

or order, number of scholars taugh b together ; pu t in a class.

Clos'sic [-L. dassicus^ of the first class], book " or author of t h e first rank. Claa'sic-al, of orre la t ingto Greek and Eoman,

also to modem authors and works of t he first rank.

Claa'si-fl-ca'tion [1J. dassis, a chiss ; facere^ to make], formation into classes.

Clas'si-Sy [L- dassis, a class,/accre, to make], pub into classes.

Clat'ter [imit.], make rattl ing sounds. Clause ( s=2) [ L . daudere (p.p. dciMtfs), t o

shut ] , paxt of a sentence, section of a document.

Claus'tral [see Cloister], like a cloister. Clav'i-cleiL. davicula, dim- of daiis, a key],

collar-bone. ' Claw [O.U. dami], sharp, hooked nai l ; grasp,

clutch, tear . ' Clay [O.E. cldy'], st iS kind of earth. C la /more [Gael, daidhcamh mor, a great

sword], old Highland two-edged long-sword.

Clean [O.E. cUene], free from d i r t ; make clean.

Clecrn'ly, clean in habits. Clean'liness. Cleanse (s~z) [O.E. dansian:, to clean. Clear [L. darus, clear], free from dimness,

p la in ; make clear, free from, leap over, gain.

Clear'anee, a clearing away. Clear'sto-ry, Clere'sto-ry, upper wall with row

of windows in the nave of a church. Cleav'age [see Cleave 2], act of splitting. Cleave 1 [O.E. difimi, dlfan, to adhere],

cling. Cleaves [O.E. dlofan], t o split. Cleav'er, butcher 's ase . Cleek [Scot. coga. with M.E. deche, to clutch],

large hook used in fishing; iron-headed golf-club, •

Clel [F . def\ L . davis, a key], in music a character which iixes pitch.

Cleft [see Cleave^], split. Cleg [O.N. kleggi, cleg], horsefly.

j Clem'a-tis [Gk. dematis, kind of climb­ing plant. [ness.

Clem'en-cy [L. demens (-erUis), mild], mild-Clem'ent, mild. Clench [see Clinch].-Clere'stor-y [see Clearstory].' _ Cler'gy [O.F. dergie; L . dsricus, a clerk],

body of''men set apart for the service of God. ,

Cler'gy-man, ordained minister, especially of churches of Rome and England.

Cler ' ioal [see Clergy], relating to the clergy or to a clerk.

Clerk ( e = a ) [L, dencus, a clerk], one who keeps records or accounts. Clerk'ship.

Clev^er [etym. dub. , cf. M.E. diver, ready to seize], able, aMlful.

Clew [C3,E. clitcen], ball of thread, thread which guides, t h a t which gives a hint towards finding out.

Click [imit.], small, sharp sound. Cli'ent [L, diens (_-enHs\ orig. a hearer (pr.p.

of du'ere, t o hear)], one for whom a professional man (esp. lawyer) acts. Cli'entele,

Cliff [O.E., cf. Du. dif, high, steep rock. Cli-mao'ter-ie [Gk. dimaklUr, step of a

ladder] , critical period in human life.

\ Climate 39 Cockle

Cli'mate tCrk. clitna, a slope, climate], con­ditions of a place in regard to heat and cold, mo^ture, etc.

Cli'max [Gt. climax^ a ladder], steady increase it, impresaiveness, highest point,

Climb dlme)\^.\ to climb, go up. Clime [Gk. cit%, climate], climate, region. Clinch, Clench \0.E. clence)an^ cogn. with

Cling], hold fmfc, close tightly, malie con­clusive, '

Cling [O.E. dingaii^ to dry up, to shrink], hold closely together;

Clin'ic [Gk, clinS^ ^ bed], teaching medicine or surgery besi-ie sick-bed in hospital. Clin'ic-aL

Clmk [imit. word], sliarp, tinkling sound. CiinVer [Du. klinkr^ tv. Uinkm, to clink],

hard cinder, hari yellow brick. Clip [prob, O.N. clippa; of. Dan. kli-ppe, to

clip], cut with sb?ars. Clip'per [see Clip], i fc sailing-ship. CUaue cleek) [F. cliqi^^ a gang, a noisy set],

narrow set of people. Cloak [Late L. cloca, z bell, a horseman's

cape shaped hke a Veil], loose outer gar­ment, a covering; hide, disguise.

Clock [M. Du. clockCf a bell], machine whidi measures time, [stocking.

Clock [?], pattern •worfeed on one side of a Clod [var. oi Clot], lump of clay or turf, Clod'hop-per, coarse country fellow. Clog [?], hmdrance; iKoodeu shoe, Clois'ter [L. claustnm, lit. an enclosure;

daudere (p.p. dausus'^ to shut], monastery or nimnery, covered passage round walls. Clois'traL

Close [L. daudere (p.p. dausus), to shut], shut tight, near, dense, stilling ; inclosed place near neighbourhood of cathedral.

Close (5=2), to shut, to end, come together; the end.

Clos'efc (s=z) [dim. of P. dos, an enclosed place], small room.

Clo'sure (s~z) [L. clamuTa, from daudere^ to shut], stoppage of a debate.

Clot [E.], mass of curdled soft matter. Cloth [O.E. cldtJi]^ woven material. Clothe [E.], put on dress. [clothes. Clo'thi-er [orig. 'dolher]^ dealer in men's Clo'thing. Clothes, dress. Cloud [O.E. diid, around mass; cogn. with

Clod], visible mass of vapour. Cloud'y. Clout [O.E. duf]^ piecs of cloth, patch; blow. Clove [K dou; L, di^us, a nail], bud of a

tree used as spice. Clo'ver [O.E. ddfre], plait of which the leaves

are divided in three. \ Clown [prob. cogn. with Qot; cf. Iccl. klunni,

a boorish fellow], couatry fellow, rude person; jester.

Clown'ish [see Clown], rude.and awkward. Cloy [earlier acdoy, fr. O.P. mdoijer, to nail;

L. ddviiSy a nail], weary by over sweetness, etc.

Club [perh. O.F. AM&a, a club], heavy stick, association for a special purpose", join together, beat with heaVy stick.

Cluck [imit. cry of a hen], make the cry of a hen.

Clae, samo as Clew. Clump [allied to Club], lump, cluster. Clum'sy (s=iz) [H.E. domsen, to be stiCE with

cold; cf. Swed. klummscnj benumbed], without grace, Clnm'siness.

Clus'ter [O.E. dyster, bunch, group. Clutch [O.E. d>jccean\ to grasp. Coach [said to be from Hung, fcosc^', a coach,

named from village of Kocs\ largo four-wheeled carriage; a special tutor.

Co-ad'iu-top [L. CQ-^ together, adjiltor, a helper], fellow-worker.

Co-ag'u-late [L. coagulum, rennet; co-, together, agere, to drive], curdle.

Coal [O.E. coll^ mineral used for fuel. Co-a-les^e' [U co-, together, alescere (''up.

aXiiuiii)^ to grow], unite. CoalesVent. Co-a-li'tion [see Coalesce], union of persons,

parties, or states. Coarse [formerly course^ fr. in course^

denoting anything ordinary], rough, rade. Coast [L. costUf a. rib], land nest the sea;

sail along a coast or from port to port. Coast'er, vessel that trades between poi-ts

along a coast. Coat [O.F, cote, a coat; cf, 0.H.G1-. diozca^ a

coarse mantle], upper outer garment. Coat'ing, layer. Coax [formerly coJces, vb. from noun cokes, a

Bimpleton.], persuade by soft words and ways.

Cob [?], stout, short-legged horse. Co'balt [Qer. kohaU, prob. fr. kobold, a goblin

of tlie mines], reddish-gray metal; blue obtained from the metal.

Cob'ble [?], roxmded stoue; mend clumsily; mend shoes.

Cob'Ie, Cob'ble [cf. Welsh ceubal, a boat], flat-bottomed fishing-boat.

Co'bra [Port, cobra, also cobra de capello, a hooded snake; L. cohthra, a snake], poisonous Indian snake.

Cob'web [M.E. coppe, a spider, and Web], net of a spider.

Coch'i-neal [Sp. cochinilla; L. cocci7i-um, scarlet robe, coccum, a berry], scarlet dye-stuff consisting of the dried bodies of a certain species of insect.

Cock [imit. from the bird's cry], male bird, tap for liquor; hammer ol a firearm; set erect.

Cock-ade' [F. cocardCj deriv. of coq, a cock, perh. from the cock's comb], knot cf ribbon or rosette of leather.

Coek-a-too' [Malay kakatua, so named from the bird's cry], kind of parrot.

Cock'a-trice [L. cocdtrix, fr. calcdtrix, a treader], fabulous monster.

Cock'charfer, large beetle, May bug. Cock'er [perh. fr. obs. vb. cock, in same

sense], pamper; dog of the spaniel kind. Cock'le [Grk. cogchylicm, dim. of cogchS, a

mussel], small bivalve shellfish. Cock'le [O.E. cocculx perh. fr. L. dim. cf

coccKm,berry],weed that grows among coxii»

Cockney 40 Colliei? Cock'ney I>I.E. colcenay^ a foolisli person;

from coi-en, gen. pi. of cok^ a cock, and cy, ey, an egg], Londoner.

Cock'pit, part ot a. warsliip kept lor the wounded during action.

Cock'toach [Sp. cucaracha, a wood-lou^], " blackbeetle."

Co'coc& [corr. of Cacao], beverage prepared from the ground seeds of the cacao-tree.

Co'coa-nut, Co'co-nut, Co'ker-nut [Port, and Sp. ccco, a bugbear, applied to the nut because of grotesque face at foot of it], nut of a palra.

Co-coon' [P. cocon, a cocoon, dim. of coqiiey a shell], siltcn sheath spim by the grubs of some insects.

Cod t?1. sea-fish. Cod'dle [pcrh. for Caudle], pamper, fondle. Code [JJ. cddex (c5dic-is), earlier caudex^ a

tree-tran]k, tablet], system of laws or rules.

Cod'i-cil icil~3iV) [L. cddidlluSy dim. of codex; see Code], clause added to a will.

Co'di-iy [L. c5dex^ and facere^ to make; see Code], put into the form of a code.

Dod'lin, Coi'lhig [perh, Irish cmnH^ an apple], kind of cooking apple.

Cod'ling, young cod. Co-ei-Si'eient ((n=s7t) [L. co-, together; see

Efficient], joint agent; in algebra the number preflied to another quantity.

Co-erce' [L, &>erctre., to force, fr. co-, together, and arc^re, to shut up], to force.

Co-er'cion, force Co-e'val [L. CO-, together, wvuin, an age], of

same age. Coffee t'J^urk. qahveh; Arab, gahweli]^

beverage infused from seeds. Coffer [Gk. cophiiws, a basket], chest, esp.

money-chest. [body. Coffin [doublet of Oofier], case for a dead Cog [cf. Sw, l-ugge, Norw. AK^], tooth of a

wheel. Co'gent [L. cdgere (pr.p. cogens^ -entis), to

compel], forcible, compelling. Co'gency. Co'gi-tate [L. co-, together, agiidre, to agitate],

thmk. Cognac (con'jjac) [fr. town Cognac, in

Charenbe], kind of brandy. Cog'nate [L. co-, together, gndtus (old form of

tuitus^ p.p. of nas-Hj to be born)], related to, akin.

Cog-ni'tion [L. cognitus (p.p. of cognoscere, to know)], action or faculty^ of knovriug.

Cog'ni-zance [O.P, cojioissant (pr.p. of conoUre, to know)], knowledge, notice, badge.

Cog-no'men [L. co-, together, nomen (altered to gndmen), a name], surname.

Co-here' £iJ. co-, together, habere (sup. hcosuni), to stick], stick together.

Co-he'rence, Co-he'ren-cy, union of parts. Co-he'rent [L. co-y together, harens (rentis),

pr.p oi hcerSre, to stick], han^ng wcU together.

Co-he'sion (si=zh), a sticking together.. Co-he'sive (s=2), sticking together,

Co'hort [ti. cohors (coJiOrt-ij)],body-»f Koman Ejoldiei^.

Coil [O.F. coife, perh. fr. M.ECr. kupfe], close-fitting cap. Coiff'uEe.

Coi(7n [old form of Coin(q.v.)], earner, wedge. Coil [perh. r . cueilliTy to collect; see Collect],

series of rings into wtiich J. rope, etc., is •i7ound; wind in a coU,

Coin, [L. cuneiis^ a wedge], piece of stamped metal used as money; make metal into money; invent (words, etc.). [word.

Coin'age, coins of a countrc, invention, coined Co-in-cide' [L. co~^ together, incidite^ to fall

upon], fall in with, agi^, [chance). Co-in'ci-dence» agreemmt (usually by Co-in'ci*dent, occurring together. Coin'er, maker of false can. Coir [Malay. JcayaVy cord], coco-nut fibre. Coke [?], coal from which gas has been driven

out by heating. Col'an-der, Cul'len-der LPerh. fr. L. csidre

(pr.p. cOlans), to st'ain, cOlum, a sieve], strainer.

Cold [O.E. cold, of loiv temperature, absence of heat; disease caused by chill.

Col-e-op'ter-a t^^- coJeon, a sheath, pteron, a wing], order of insects having outer hard wings over trae wings.

Cole'wott [L. caulis, a stalk; O.E. wyrt, a plant], kind of cabbage.

Col'ic [Gk. coUcoSy suffering in the colon], painful aGection ol the intestines.

Col-lab'o-ra-tor [L. <yw-, together, lahorare (p.p. laboratus), to labour], associate in work. CoUabora'fion.

Col-lapse' [L. C071-, together, Mbi (p.p. lapsus), to slip], fall together; a falling-iu.

CoI'lar [IJ. coUum, the neck], neck-band. Col-late' [L, coit-j together, latus (p.p. of

ferre), to bring], comfare critically. Col-laf er-al [L. con-y together, Talus Qater~is),

a side], side by side, parallel, indirect. Col-la'tion, coinparisot; light repast, Col'Ieagwe [L. collega, a partner in office;

L. C071-, together, leg^e,to choose], associate in office.

Col-Iect' [L, con-, together, legere (p.p. lectits), to gather], gaihei together.

Collect [see vb. Colleci], short comprehensive prayer in a liturgy.

Col-lec'ted, calm, cool, pelf-pose ssed. Gol-lee'don, process of collecting, that which

is collected. Col-Iec'tive, formed by collecting. Col-lecf or, one who cjllects. Col'lege [L. eollegiim, an association of

coUeaguos; see Colleague], society of parsons Joined together generally for learned pursuit?; the building set apart for these pursuits.

Co!-Ie'gi-at^ pertaining to a college. Col-lide' [L. C07t; together, and Icsdcre, to

strike], strike together. Col'lJe, Col'ly [perh. same as couly, coal-

coloured], sLephord's dog. Coll'ier [p.B.colur; see Coal], coal-mijier,

a coal-sLip.'

Collision 41 Commission Col-li'sion (st=zJi) [see Collide], violent meet­

ing, a claslimg. Col-lo-ca'tion [L. con~, together, locSre (p.p

locaius), to place], placmg together. Col-Io'di-on [Qrk. coila, glue], solution of gun-

cotton m ether. CoI'Iop [^], slice of meat. Col-lo'qui-al, used m familiar conversation. Col'lo-quy [L. con-, togetherj loqul, to speak],

convei-sation. Col-lu'sion (si=zJi) pL. con-, together, ladere

(p.p. lUsus), to plaj], secret agreement to deceive. [punctuation (:)

Co'lon [Gk. co^on, a limb, a clause], mark of Co'lon [Gk. colon], pait of the intestines. Colonel (lur'nel) [corrected from earlier coro­

nal ; It colonello, dmi. of It. colonna^ a column], officer commandmg a reguuent.

Co-lo'ni-al, peitammg to a colonj, inhabi­tant of a colony.

Coro-nist, inhabitant of a colony. Col'o-mze, establisli a colony m. Col-on-nade' [r , coJomie, a column], range

of columns, Col'o-ny [L- colOma, a colony, colonus, a

husbandman; colere, to till], settlement in another land which is subject to the parent state.

Co-los'sal [Gk. colossos, a large statue], huge. Cd'our (col=cfd) [L. color (coldr-is)], pro­

perty of light vihich makes thmgs look different, as red, gieen, etc.; to pamt, misrepresent.

Corpor-teur [F. col, the neck, porlcr, to carry], hawker of tracts and books,

Colt [?j, young horse. Col ter, CoHl'ter (5) [L culter, a coulter, a

knife], foic-irou of a plough. Col'uni-bine [IJ. cohimba^ a dove], flower

with beaklike spurs; chief lady in a harlequmade.

Col'iim/i [L. columna, a pillar], pillar; body of troops several ranlcs m depth; perpen­dicular section of a page or Ime of figures.

Col'za (F. fr. Low Ger. c^tlsdt, cole-seed], cabbage of wliich the seeds yield oil used foi lamps.

Co'ma [Gk. cOma (comat os), a deep sleep], deep sleep of disease.

Co'ma-tose (5=2), as in coma, dro^\sy. Com6 (p) [0.11. cartib, a comb, crest], toothed

instrument for the hair; crest of a cock, wasen framework in which bees store honey.

Com'bat [L. coji-, together, battere, batuere, to fight], fight; hght with.

Com'ba^ant, one engaged m combat. Com'bat-ive, fond ol combat. Com'bi-na'tion, act of combinmg, umon. Com-bine' [L con~, together, blints, tv, o-fold],

umte, join forceb. Com-bus ti-ble, easily set on fiie , someLlilng

which is easily sot on flre. Com-busfion tion—tijun) [L. con , together,

and urere, to burn (6 inserted)], slate of burmng. [comedy.

Co-me'di-an [see Comedy], an actor m

Cora'e-dy [Gk. c5mos, a banquet, aoidos, a singer], play of a happy nature.

Come'Xy (cum') [O.E. cymhc^ beautiful], good-looking.

Co-mes'ti-ble [Late L. comeshbilis; L. comcdere, to eat up], an eatable.

Com'et [Gk. cometSs^ long-haired, com^, hair], heavenly body with a tail of light.

Com'fit com=cum) [O.P. confit; L. ctm-, together,/«*:.£/(?, to make], sweetmeat.

Com'fort \com=cum') [L. con-^ together, ^ortts, strong], console and clieer; con­solation, quiet enjoyment, somethmg which gives enjoyment oi ease.

Com'iort-er (com=cum), one who, or that which, comforts, a woollen scarf.

Com'ic, Com'ic-al [see Comedy], relatmg to comedy, causmg mirth.

Com'i-ty [L. comis, friendly, courteous], courtesy.

Com'ma [Gk. comma, that which is struck, a clause, a comma], mark of p\mctuation ( ,)

Com-mand' [L. con-, together, manddre, to entrust to, to command], to order, be leader of; order, leadership, control.

Com-man-dant', commandmg officer of a place or body of troops.

Com-man-deer' [S. Af. Du. lominanderen; see Command], force into mihtary service, seize for military purposes.

Com-mand'er, high officer m the navy. Com-mand'ment, order, especially one of

those given to iloses on Mount Sinai. Com-mem'o-rate [L. com=cum^ together,

memor, mindful], call to remembrance by a special observance. Commemora'tion.

Com-mence' [L. con-, together, inUiare, to begm; see Initiate], begm. Commence'-ment,

Com-mend' [L. commendare; see Command], entrust, praise.

Com-mend'a-to-ry, contammg praise. Com-men'su-rate [L. con-, with, mensUra, a

measure], equal in measure. Commen'-surable.

Com'ment [L. con-, together, mens (men(-w), mmd], remark, criticism. Com'mentator.

Com-ment', make remarks on. [book. Com'men-tary, series of comments on a Com'meree [L. con-, \Mtn, merx (mcrc-is),

merchandise], trade, especially on a large scale.

Com-mer'cial (ci=sh), relatmg to commerce. Com-min-a'tion [F. commination', L. com-

mindtio; com-, mtensne, and mtnut^, to threaten], a threatening denunciation.

Com-mis'er-ate s=z) [L, con.-, with, mtser^ wretched], to pity. Commisera'tiou.

Com-mis-sa n-at(srt=sffJ), department which furnishes provisions, as for an army; supply of provisions.

Com'mis-sa-ry [see Commit], one to whom some duty or office is committed.

Com-mis'sion [see Commit], act of domg, charge, written warrant or certiflcate ol rank, allo\^auce to an agent, company joined in tlie performxiuce of a duty,

Commissioner 42 Comply Com-mis'sioa-er, person •who has a com­

mission to fill some office. Com-mif [L. com- (cum), with, mittere (p.p.

miss-US), to send], give in trust, do, bind (oneseu) t y some act or word,

Com-miftee (eG=l) [F, commiSy p.p. of comTneUre; see Commit], body of persons to whom some affair is committed.

Corn-mode' [see Commodious], chest of drawers; bedroom convenience.

Com-mo'di-ous [L. commodus, fit, fr. cum-, with, and vwdus, a measure], roomy and convenient,

Com-mod'i-^ [L. cum, with, TnodiiSt a measure], movable bought and sold.

Com'mo-dore [formerly commandore; see Command], commander of a squadron.

Oom'mon [L. communis, cum, with, munis, ready to serve], Ehared. by more than one, general, ordinary; open piece of ground which is public property; (pi.) the mass of the people, lower House of Parliament, food. Com'moner.

Com'mon-al-ty, common people. Com'mon-ly, usually. Com'mon-place, ordinary; ordinary, unin­

teresting remarlc. Com'mon-wealth, a state, the body politic. Oom-mo'tioil [L. com (intensive), movere

(p.p. mOtus), to move], disturbed move­ment.

Com-mune' [0.3?. comuner\ see Common], converse together.

Com'mnne [E', commune], municipality in France.

Com-mn'ni-cant pj . communis, common], one who partakes of the Lord's Supper.

Com-mu'ni-cat^ make Imown, impart. Com-mu-ni-ca'tion, that which is imparted. Com-mu'ni-ca-tive, ready to impart. Com-mu'nion, intercourse, the Lord's Supper. Com'mu-nism, the theory or condition of

holding wealth in common. Com-mu'ni-ty [L. communis, common],

common possession, a society, whole people (with the).

Com-mute' [IJ. cum, with, muture, to change], exchange, put something less in place of something greater.

Com-pacf [L. com (cum), together, pangtre (p.p. pactus), to fasten], close,

Com'pact [L. con-, together, padsci (p.p. pactus), to make a bargain], agreement.

Com-pan'ion, one who is in'company with another.

Com'pa-ny Ccom^cum) [O.F, compaignie; L. covr, t<^ethcr, pdnis, bread], society, people associating lor trade, etc., sab-division of a regiment, crew,

Com-par'a-tiTe, estimated by comparison. Corn-pare' C * compararc, to adjust, cum,

with, paTy equal], examine things so as to decide their comparative value, liken.

Com-pax'l-fion, act of comparing, Com-parf ment [L. cow-, together, partlre, to

share, to part], division of a closed space. Com'pa^ (p=U) [L, cMm, with, passus, a

pace, a track], extent, bounds, magnetised needle balanced so as to show north, south, etc.; i(pl.) an instrument for draw­ing circles; surround, go about.

Com-pas'sJon [L. c«7n, with, and passiot suffering], sorrowing with another, pity.

Com-pat'i-ble [li.cum, Tvith, pail, to endure], capable of existing in harmony, consistent.

Com-pa'tri-ot [L. cum, with, patriota, patriot], one of the same country.

Corn-peer' [L'. con-, together, par, equal], an equal, companion.

Com-pd' [L.! con-, together, pellere (p.p. puhus), to drive], to force. [hensive.

Com-pen'di-ons [see Compendium], compre-Com-pen'di-um [L. con-, together, pendere, to

wei^] , condensed summary, Com'pen-sate |X. con- (cum), together,

pens&re (p.p. pensants), to weigh], make up for, reward.

Com-pen-sa'tion, reward, amends. Com-pete' [L. con-, together, petere, to seek],

strive for fthe same thing or reward as another. ,1

Com'pe-ten-oy, fitness, sufBciency. Com'pe-tentJ [F, compHent, orig. pr.p. of

competer^ to be sufficient for], fit. Com-pe-ti'tibn, trying to gain what another

is trying to gain at the same time. Com-pet'i-tor, one who competes. Com-pi-la'tion, act of compiling, work

compiled.! Corn-pile' [L. complldre, to plunder, cum,

with, pildre, to rob], compose a book by taldng material from other books.

Com-pla'cence, Com-pla'cen-cy (a=ai) [L. cum, with, plucere (^ir.p. placens), to please], calm contentment.

Corn-plain' [L. cum, with, plangere, to bewail], express paiu, blame, etc.

Com-plain'ant, one who makes complaint. Com-plaint', expresion of grief, fault-finding,

illness. , . [please. Com-plai'sant [see Complaeence], desirous to Com'ple-ment [L. con-, together, plere, to

fill], what fills up or completes. Com-ple-ment', fill up or complete, Com-plete' [IJ. computus, cum^ with, and

plire, to fhi], finished, whole; make com­plete, finish,

Com-ple'tion, act of completing. Com'plex"[Ii. con-, together, plecUre (p.p,

plexus), to plait], of many parts, intricate. Com-plez'ion [see Complex], aspect, colour of

the skin, especially of tho face. Com-plex'i-ty, state of being complex. Com-pli'ancB, a yielduig, consent. Com'pli-cate [L. con^, together, plkare (p.p.

plicalus), to fold], mix up, entangle. Com'pli-ment [doublet of Complement],

expression of admiration or civility. Com-pli-ment', pay a compliment. Com'pline [M.E. cumjjZ 'c: O.'S. conplie', L.

cotnpleta (?iora)', see Complete], in E..0. Church the last service of the day.

Com-ply^ [It. complire; L, complere, to fiU up], yield.to.

Component 43 Condescension Com-po'nent [L con-^ together, pdnere (pr p.

poncns^ -ejitis), to put], helping to form, composing; one of the composmg parts.

Coiu-port'[J-i.c<jn-,togefcher,j3t>7/are, to carry], accord (with), conduct (oneself).

Corn-pose' (5=2) [L. con-^ together, and V. poser, to put], form by uuitmg, wntc books or music, to calm, set up printer's types.

Com-po'ser, author (esp of music). Com'pos-ite [L. con-y together, ponere (p p.

positus), to put], made up of distinct parts.

Com-po-si'tion [see Compoancl*], act of com­posing, thmg composed, agreement whereby payment of part of debt is taken for whole

Com-poa'i-tor [see Compound'], one who sets types.

Com'post [see Compound^], nurture, espe cially for f ertjli7mg land,

Com-po'sure (s=2h) [see Compose], calmness Com'pound^ (adj ), compObed of parts; that

which 13 formed by union or mixture. Com'pound^ [perh. Malay, kampong], m

India the enclosure contaimng a house, outbuildmgs, etc.

Com-pound' [L. com=cum), together, p6iiere (p.p. positus), to put], form by combm-mg, come to terms.

Com-pre-hend' [L. con-^ together, prehendere (p p. prehensits), to seize], understand, include. Com-pre-hen'sion, understanding.

Corn-press' [h COM-, together, pressure, frequent, of premere, to pres], press together, condenbe. Com-pres'sion

Com-pnse' (s=z) [P. campns, p.p. of com-prettdre, to comprehend; see Com­prehend], mclude.

Com'pro-nuse (s=z) [P. compromise orig. p.p of compromettre; L. con-, together, and promittere, to promise], settlement of a dispute by each side yielding something; yield on each side.

Com-pul'sion ["see Compel], force. Com-pul'so-ry, compellmg, obhgatory. Com-pune'tion [L cum, with, pungerc (p.p.

punctus), to prick], a prickmg of con­science, slight remorse. Gompunc'tiOUB.

Com-pu-ta'tion, calculation. Com-pute' [L. con-, together, putare (p p.

putatits), to reckon], calculate. Com'rade (com~ciim) [Sp. camarada; Sp.

camora, L. camera, a chamber], com-pamon, mate. [peruse.

Con [O.i. cun7ia7i, to loiow], to study, Con-cat-e-na'tion [L. con-, together, catena,

a cham], cham [lioUow. Con'cave [L. co7i-, with, aivus, hollow], Con-ceal' [IJ. con-, mtensive, celdrc, to hide],

hide. [place. Con-ceal'ment, act of concealmg, a hiding-Con-cede' [L. con-, together, cedere (sup

cessum\ to yield], yield, grant. Con-ceif [see Conceive], quamt fancy, vsimty. Con-ceive' [O.r. conceveir; L. con-, together,

capere, to take], form m the mmd, think.

Cou'cen-trate [L. con-, together, centrum, a centre], brmg towards the same centre, fix (the attention).

Con-cen'tnc [L. con; together, and Centre], havmg the same centre.

Con-cep'bon [see Conceive], idea, notion, Con-cem' [L, con-, with, cemere, to sift, to

decree], relate to ; affair, care. Con-cerf [It poss.fr. L. con-, together, certare,

to struggle], plan together, Con'cert, musical entertainment, agreement. Con-certo [ I t ] , musical composition for

solo instrument with orchestral accompani­ment,

Con-cer-ti'na i^~ce\ musical instrument. Con-cession [see Concede], yieldmg, thmg

yielded. [shell, Conch (ch=K) [Q-k. cogche^ a shell], large sea-Con-eil'i-ate [L concih&re (p.p. concUiatits),

to conciliate; concilium, a council], •wm over, make fiiendly. Concilia'tion.

Con-cil'l-a-to-ry, tendmg to conciliate, Con-cise' [L. concwwj (p.p. of concidere), to

cut up], saymg much m few words, Con'clave [L. con-, together, cl&vis, a key],

a^embly of cardmak to choose a pope, secret meetmg.

Con-clude' [L, con-, together, claudere (p.p. clausm), to shut], end, infer.

Con-clu'sion s%~zh), end, mference. Gon-clu'sivc (5=2), brmgmg to a conclusion, Con-coof [L. con-, together, coquere (p p.

coctus), to cook], prepare from raw materials, as food; pUn.

Con-com'i-tant [L. con-, together; comit&n (pr p, comUans, -antis), to accompany], accompanymg,

Con'cord [L. con-, together, cor (cord-xs), the heart], agreement.

Con-coraance, agreement, mdcx of the chief words of a book, esp, tihe Bible.

Con-cor'dat [L. concordxtas; see Concord], agreement, esp. between the pope and a government.

Con'course [L, con-, together, currere (sup, cursxim), to run], a running together, •assembly.

Con'crete [L. con-, together, crescere (p.p, creius), to grow], existmg m mater^l form; mixture of lime, sand, and water with broken stones, etc.

Con-cre'tion, umon of particles m a mass. Con-cur' [L. con-, together, cxirrere, to run],

umte, agree. Con-cur'renee [see Concur], agreement. Con-cua'sion [XJ. concutero (p p. concussu^),

to shake together], shock due to collision, Con-dem7i [L. con-, intensive, and damnSre,

to condemn], pronounce judgment against. Con-dem-na'tion, state of bemg condemned,

blame, sentence, Con-dense' [L. con-, together, densus, thick],

make or become more close. Con-de-scend' [L. con-, with, dSsceridere, to

descend; see Descend]i stoop, make a show of stoopmg to inferiors.

Con-de-acen'sioD, act of condescendmg.

Condig*!! 41 Conjoint Con-dign' (dign=dine) [L. con- (mtensnc),

and dignus, worthy], deserved, adequate. Con'di-ment [JJ condlre^ to picUe], scasomiig Con-di'tion [L con , together^ dxcere (p p.

diclus\ to say], state,lerin of a confciact, etc.

Con-dole' [L. con-^ -with, dolcre, to grieve], grieve in sympathy.

Con-do'Ience, sympathy in sorrow. Coa-done' [L. COTV- (mtGrkSiYc), dcJjiure, to

give], pardon, pass over, Con'dor [Sp. coTidor; Peruv. curiUtr], South

American vulture. Con-duce' [L. con-f together, ducere (p.p.

ductus) to lead], tend to. Con-du'cive, tending, contnbutive. Con'duct [see Conduce], behaviour, guidance, Con-ducf, to lead. Con-dacf or, leader, thing or material that

transmits heat or electricity. Con'dt(lt(ci«ti=:d?£) [X*'. condu.it, see Conduce],

pipe or channel to convey water. Cone [Gk. co7ios^ a cone], solid havmg a

circular base and tapermg to a point. Con-fati'u-lato [IJ- con-, together, fabiila, a

tale], talk together. Con-iec'tion[L. con-, together,/acere, to pub],

sweetmeat. Con-fed'er-a-cy [see Confederate], league,

conspuacy, Con-Jed'er-ate [L. con-, together, fccdus

fccdcT'is), a tieaty], leagued together, member of a league ; 30m m a league.

Con-£ed-er-a'tioa, league of states. Con-fer' fL. con-, together, ferre, to brmg],

bestow, consult together. Con'foence, a meetmg for discussion. Con-Sesa' t^- confitBri (p p. confesses) \ con-

(mtensive), and fat5r% to acknowledge], own, make confession.

Con-fes'sion, acknowledgment of sms, declara­tion of behef.

Con-fes'sion-al, recess where a priest he^r3 confe 'Sion. [friend.

Con-fi-danf, fem. Con-fi-dante', confidential Con-fide' [L. con- (mlensive), fldere, to trust],

trust (m), tni' fc (to). Con'fi-dence, firm trust, private matteia

imparted. Con'fl-dent, assured, sure, trustful. Con-fi-den'tial (ti=.sh% treated with trust Con-fig-u-ra'tion [L. con- (mtensn e), figitrdrc

(^.p. figurdtus), to fashion], form. Con-fine' [L, con-, with, /mis, a boundary],

limit, shut up. Con'flne (usually pi), limit border. Con-fino'ment, restramt w ithm bounds. Con-firm' [L. con- (mtensive), firmare (p.p.

jirmaZus), to strengthen, firmns, strong], make sure.

Con-fii-ma'tion, proof, rite administered m certam churdics.

Con'fis-cate [L. con-, together, yi czw, a pui-bp], seize property as forfeited.

Con-fla-gra'tion [L. con , together, jlagrdrc, to burn], general burning.

Con'flict, struggle.

Con-flict' ^h. con-, together, fiigcrc (p.p. flicUis), to strike], struggle, be contra-dictorj'.

Con'flu-ence, Con'fiux [L. con-, together, fluere (p.p. jiuxus), to flou], llo\Mrig to­gether.

Con-form' [JJ- coii-, together, forrndTc (p.p. formdtus\ to form], make like, be m agreement,

Con-ioim'a-He, correspondmg m form, etc. Oon-for-ma'tion, shape. Con-for'mi-ty, resemblance, compliance. Con-found' [L. con-, together, fundere (p p.

fusus\ to pour], confuse, dismay. Con'frere [L con-, together, r . frere, brother],

an associate. Con-front' (pni=:unt) [L, con-, together,

frons (front is), the face], stand or brmg face to face.

Con-fuse' [ ==2] [see Confound], mix so as to cause disorder.

Con-fn'sion, disorder, shame. Con-futo' [L, con-, together,/ff^t?re, probably

from same root as fiuiderc, to pour], dis prove completely. Confuta'tion.

Con-geal' [L. con , together, gcldre, to freeze; gelu, irost], freeze, solidify by coolmg, etc.

Con-ge'ner or Con'ge-ner [L. con , together, genus (ffener-ts), kmd], person or animal of the same kmd.

Con-ge'ni-al [L con^, together, and Genial], partakmg of the same nature, suited,

Con-gen'ital [L. con-, with, genitus, bom], belongmg to from birth. [sea-eel.

Con'ger (g hard) [L coTiger; Gk, goggros], Cou-ge'ri-ea [L. con-, together, gerere, to

carry], heap. Con-ges'ijon [L. con-, together, gerere (p.p.

gestus), to cairy], over-cro'ndmg, over-fuhiess of blood-vessels,

Con-glom'er-ate [L. con-, together, glomus (gtomer-is), a ball], gathered mto a mass ; gravel bound together by a cement; gather mto d> ball or mass. Conglomera'tion.

Con-grat'u-Iate [L. con- (mtensive), grdtulan, to \vish ]oy; grdtus, plcasmg] express joyful sympathy. Congratula'tion.

Con'gre-gate [L. con-, together, grex (greg-is)^ a flock], come together, [worship.

Gon-gre-ga'tion, assembly, especiiUy for Con-gie-ga'tion-al-iat, one who holds that

each congregation is a separate church. Con'gress [L. congrcdl (p.p. congressus), to

meet together; con-, together, gradi, to walk], asoembly to consider special afiairs, legislature of the TJ.^ A. Congres sional.

Con'gru-ous [L. congrmisi con-, together, gruere, to suit], fittmg, conformable.

Con'ic, Con'ic-ai [Gl - cdmcos, conos, a cone], of or pertaimng to a cone.

Co-nifer-ous [Cone, and L. Jerre, to beai], bearmg cones.

Con-]ec'ture [TJ. con-, tc^etlier, jacere (p p. jacUts), to thiow], to guess; a guess

Con-]om' [TJ. C071-, to<^ethev, 3itngere, to ]om], ]Oin tot^ether

Con-]omt I umted, held m common.

Conjug'al 45 Constrain Con'ju-gal pj . C071-, togct&er, jiigum, a yoke],

belonging to marriage. Con'ju-gate pj. con-, together, jugum, a

yoke], give the inflections, or parts, of a verb, Coniuga'tion.

Con-iunc'tion [see Conjoin], joining together, ioining word.

Con-junc'ture, combination of events, crisis. Con-juie' [L. con-, together, juriJre, to swear],

call upon solemnly. Con'jnre (p~-S)j use a conjurer's tricks. Con'juiwer, -or, one who practises sleight of

hand. Con-necf [L. con-, together, nectere (p.p.

nexus), to bind], to join. Con-nex ion, Con-nec'tion, act of connecting,

the state of being connected. Con'ning-tower [see Con and Tower], pilot­

house of a war-ship. Con-ni'vance, intentional oversight of an act

or fault. Con-nive' [L. conniv^re, to overlook; con-j

together, nictare, to wink], wink at. Con-nois-seur' [F. h, L. cognoscere, to become

acquainted with], critical judge. Con'note [L. C07i-, together, notare, to mark],

to denote, designate, imply, include. Connota'tion.

Con-na'bi-al [L. con-, with, nUhere, to marry], of or relating to marriage.

Con'qt^er [O.P conquerre; L. coTiqulrere (p.p. con^i^sUvs), to seek after, conquer; con-, with, qucerere, to seek], overcome.

Con'qiuest, act of overcoming by force, that which is conquered.

Con-san-guin'i-ty [L. con~, together, sanguis (sanguin-is), blood], blood relationship. Consanguin'eous.

Con'scieiice (sci^sh) [L. con-, with, scire (pr.p. sciens, -entis), to know], faculty which judges self.

Con-sci-en'tious, governed by conscience. Con'scious [tf coTiscius; con-, with, scire, to

know], aware, sensible, felt. Con-serip'tion [L. con-, together, scrlbere (p.p.

scriptus), to write], compulsory enrolment for militaiy or naval service. Con'script,

Con'se-crate [IJ. con-, with, sacer, holy], set apart as sacred.

Con-^ec'u-tive [L. con-, with, sequl (p.p. secUtus), to follow], in regular succession.

Con-sen'sus [see Consent], general agreement. Con-senf [L. con-, with, sentire (p.p. sensus),

to feel], agreement; express willingness, Con'se-quence [L. co7i-, with, sequi (pr.p.

sequenSf 'entis), to follow], result, import­ance. Con'sequent.

Con-se-quen'tial (ti~sh\ self-important. Con-ser-va'tion, a keeping entire. Con-ser'va-tivc, ono who wishes to keep

customs, etc., as they arc; slow to change. Con-ser'va-to-ry, planfc-house, Con-serve' (L. COJIT, together, servare (p.p.

servatus), to keep], keep from harm ; pre­served feuit.

Con-sid'er [L. con-, together, aidus (sMer-is), a star], give thought to.

Con-sid'er-a-ble, noteworthy, large. Con-sid'er-ate, thoughtful. Con-sid-er-a'tion, careful thought, import­

ance, a reward, Con-sign' (sign—sine) [L. con-, together,

signarc, to sign], deliver, intrust. Cou-sign'ment, act of consigning, thing cou-

Con-aist' [L. con-, together, sistere, to stop], be made up (oQ.

Con-siaf ence, Con-siBf en-ey, degree of fii-m-ness, harmony of conduct.

Con-sisf ent (see Consist), uniform, not con­tradictory,

Con-sis'to-ry [see Consist], church court. Con-so-la'tion, comfort in trouble. Con-sol'a-to-ry, of a consoling nature. Con-sole' [L. con-, with, s6lan, to comfort],

to comfort in trouble. Consol'able, Con'sole [T"., etym. dub.], a bracket in

architecture, frame containing manuals and stops of an organ.

Con-sol'i-date [L. con-, together, soUdare, to make solid, solidus, solid], make firm,

Con'sols [abbrev. for Consolidated Annuities), Government securities of Great Britain, consolidated into a single stock in 1751.

Con'so-nant [L. ctm-, together, sondre, to sound], letter of alphabet which can only be sounded when combined with a vowel sound, agreeing.

Con'soD-ance, Con'son-an-cy, agreement, harmony, unison,

Con'sort [L. consors (consort-is), a sharer, con-, with, sors (sort-is), lot], husband or wife; one of two ships.

Con-sorf, join in company with. Coil-apic'u-ous [L. con^ (intensive) and spicere,

to see], easy to bo seen. Con-spir'arcy, a plot. Con-spire' [L. conr, together, spimre, to

breathe], plot together. Con'stable [O.F. conestable; L.L. comes

stabuli, count of the stable], officer of the • peace. Con-stab'u-la-ry, body of constables. Con'stan-cy, fixedness, steadiness. Con'stant [L. con^, together, stare (pr.p.

stans, stantis), to stand], unchanging. Con-stel-la'tion [L. con-, together, stella, a

star], group of stars. Con-ster-na'tion [L. con-, together, sternere, to

strew], dismay. Con-sti-pa'tion [L. con-, together, siipdrc,

to pack], irregular and insufQcient action of the bowels. Con'stipated.

Con-stif u-en-cy, body of voters. Con-stifu-ent, something which helps to

make up a whole, one of those who elect a representative; making up a whole.

Con'stitrute [L. con-, together, statiiere, to set up], make up.

Con-stit^a'tion, state of being, the frame of government.

Con-strain' [L. con-, together, stringere (p.p. strictus), to draw tight], to force, liold tightly.

Constraint 4G Contumely Con-stiamt', force that cannot be resisted. Con-stnc'Hon [see Constrain], compressing or

drawing together, a tightening or iumting. Con-strucf [L. con.-, together, sirtiere (p p.

stnictus\ to pile], build, to draw or form geometrically.

Con-strac'tion, fauildmg, meamng. Con-stracf or, one who constructs, Cou'-sfrae, Con-strue' [see Construct], show

the arrangement in another language, explain, translate.

Con-sue-tu'-din-ar-y (site=swe) [L. con-siiclSdo^ custom], customary.

Con'sul [Ii. consuL Htym. doubtful], one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman republic; one who lives in a foreign land to look after tho mterests (especially commercial; of his own country,

CoQ-Sult' [I/. co7isuUurc (p p. consultdiiis), to consult. Etym, doubtful], ask advice.

Con-3ul-ta'tion, act of consulting, a meetmg to consider something.

Con-sume' [L. cow-, together, sumere (p.p. sumptns), to take up], to waste, eat up.

Con-sum'mate [L. co?? , together, summdre (p.p. summatus), to sum], perfect. Con-smnma'tion.

Con'sum-mate, to perfect, complete. Con-samp'tion [see Consume], wasting illness,

a usmg up, Cou'tact [L. con-, together, tangere (p.p.

tactus\ to touch], touch. Con-ta'gioa [L. con-, together, tangere, to

touch], commumcation of disease by con­tact, infection, Conta'gious.

Con-tain' [L. con-, together, tenere, to hold], hold withm hmifcs.

Con-tam'in-ate [L. contamen, contagion, con-^ together, tajigere, to touch], defile.

Con-tem«' IL. con^ (intensive), temnere (p.p. temptus\ to despise], scorn.

Con'tem-plate CL. con-, together, templum, a temple, an open place for observation], to view, to purpose. Contem'plativc.

Con-tein-:pla'tion, deep thought, design. CoQ-tem-po-ra'ne-ous [L. con-, with, tern-pus

(tcmpor-is), time], at the same time. Con-tem'po-ra-ry, living or happening at the

same time. Con-tempt' [see Contemn], scorn. Con-tempt'i-bie, woithy of scorn. Con-temp'tu-ons, scornful. Con-tend' [L. con- (mtensive), tendere (p.p.

ientus), to strive], strive m opposition. Con-tent' [see Contain], satisfied, satisfy, Con-fen'fion [seo Contend], strife. Con-ten'tious, fond of btrite. Con-tenf ment [see Content], satisfaction. Con'test [see Contest (vb.)], dispute, strife. Con-tesf [L. con-, together, testis, a witness],

dispute, contend for. Con-test'ant. Con'test [Ii. con-^togQthev,texere (p.p. textus),

to weave], parts which go before or come after a passage m a book, etc.

Con-ti-gu'i-ty, nearness. Con-tig'u-oiis [L. coji', together, tangere (p.p.

tactus), to touch], touctung, adjoinmg.

Oon'tin-ence [sco^ Contain], self-restramt, moderation, purity,

Con'ti-nent [see Contain], one of the large divisions of the earth, mainland of Europe,

Con-tin'gen-cy, event which may occur, Con-tm'gent [IJ. contingens (-entts), con-,

together, tangere, to touch], dependent on something, future; chance, proportion of troops for a 30iiifc expedition,

Con-tin'u-al, without stop. Con-tin'u-ance, gomg on. Con-tin-u-a'tion, carrying on, that which

carries on. Con-txn'ue [L. con-^ together, (enere, to hold],

prolong, to last. Con-tm'u-ous, without break. Con-torf [L. con', together, torqtierc (p.p.

tortus), to twist], twist out of shape. Con-tor'hon, a twisting out of shape. Con'tour (pu=oo) [L. con-, together, and

tomare, to turn in a lathe], outlme. Con'tra-hand [Sp. conirahanda; It. contra-

bando; L. contra, against; Late L. bandunit a ban], prohibited goods.

Con-tracf [L. con-, together, trahcre (p.p. tractus), to draw], draw together.

Con'tract, agreement. Con-tract?or, undertaker of a contract. Con-tra-diet' [L. contra, against, chcere (p.p.

ductus), to say], oppose m words. Con-tra-dio'to-ry, saying the contrary. Con-tra-dis-tinc'tion [L. contra, agamst, and

Distinction], distmction by contrast. Con-tral'to [It. contra, opposite to, altOy

high], deepest voice in boys and m women. Con-tra-n'e-ty, opposition. Con'tra-ry [L. contra, against], opposite,

opposed. [parison, Gou'trast, somethmg very different; com-Con-trasf [L. contra, against, stare, to stand],

compare by showmg difference. Gon-tra-vene' [L. contra, agamst, lenlre, to

come], set aside, thwait. Confccaven'tion. Con-tnb'ute [L. con-, together, tnbnere, to

bestow], give m common with others, help to bnng about.

Con-tn-bu'tion, that which is contributed. Con'tote [L. conr, together, and tererc (p.p,

tntus), to rub], humbly penitent. Con-tn'tion, sorrow for sin. Con-tri'vance» plan, device. Con-tnve'[O.r con/rc«,(?r, to find out, L.con-,

together, and 0 r . troier, to find], mvent, plan.

Con-trol' [bhort for conire-Toll. O.r. contrc-rolle, cojiy of a roll; L. contra, against, rotulxis, a loll], check; to rule, keep in check.

Con'tro-ver-sy [L. contra, against, tertere (p,p, lersus), to turn], dispute. Controver sial.

Con-tu-ma'ci(5us [fj. conlicmax (co7itumdc'ts\ perh. fiom con-, and tumere, to swell], stubborn, obsiinately rebellious.

Gon'tu-ma-cyt obstinnte disobedience. Con-tu-me'li-ous, insolent. Con'tmne-ly [L. contnmelia, perh. allied to

Contxmiacy], scornful insolence.

Contusion 47 Corn CoQ-tu'sion [L. C07i-, with, Uindere (p p

tiisus\ to stiike], bruise. Co-nun drum [?], l>.ind of riddle. Con-va-les'cence [L. con-, together, lalSrcy

to be strong], recovery after illness. Convales'cent.

Con-vene' [L. con^, together, tCTiIre, to come], meet, call together,

Con-ve'mence, ease, suitable tunc Con-ve'ment [see Convene], fit, timely Con'vent [L. cotiieiitiis, an assembly; con-

ventus (orig. p.p. of comemTe^ to come together], montatery or numieiy.

Con-ven'ti-ole [L. conienliculum, dim of conientns, an assembly], secret religious meetmg,

Con-ven'tion [see Convent]» assembly; re­cognised custom. [formal.

Con-ven'tion-^ dependmg on convention, Con-ve^e' [L. con-, together, lergerey to

bend], tend to one pomt. Con'ver-sant [see Converse], familiar with. Con-ver-sa'tion, sustained talk. Con-verse' [L. co7i-,with, andrfir^art, to dwell],

to talk together. [gether. Con'verse (n ) [see Converse (vb)], talk to-Con'verse [L. con-, wholly, ^ete^€ (pp.

tersiis), to turn], contrary. [etc. Con-version [see Convert], change of views, Con'vert, one who is converted Con-vert? [L. coji-, together, tertere (p p.

versus^ to turn], change or turn from one cour&e or belief to another,

Con'vex [L. con-, together, ^ehere (p.p. lecCus), to brmg], rounded like the outside of a sphere.

Con-ve/ [li con-, with, via, a wayj, carry. Con-ve/ance, carnage; transfer of property. Con-ve/an-cer, one who draws up deeds for

fcransferrmg property. Convey ancmff. Con-vicf [see Convmce], pronounce guilty. Con'vict, crimmal who has been sentenced to

penal servitude. Convio'tion. Con-vmce' [L. con-, wholly, mncere (p.p.

tictus), to conquer], overcome by aigu-ment, to satisfy by proof.

Con-viv'i-al [L. co7i-, together, and vUere, to live], relating to a feast, festive. Con­vivial ity.

Con-vo-ca tion, act of calling together, an assembly,

Con-voke' [L. con-^ together, locdre (p.p. toc&tus), to call], call together.

Con-vo-lu'tion [L. con-, together, vohere (p.p. volutvj:), to loli], twisted wmdmg or coil.

Con-vol'vu-lus [L. co7wolvulits, see Convolu­tion], climbing plant. [protection.

Con-voy' [same as Convey], accompany for Con'voy, an escort, ships escorted by others, Con-viUse' [L, con-, vfith.,vellere (p.p. vulsiis),

to pull], shake violently. Con-vul'aion, violent twitching, disturbance. Co'ny, Con'ey [?], a rabbit. Cook [L. coqicus, a cook, coqtiere, to cook],

one who prepares food; prepare, as food by boiling, etc ; falsify (accounts).

Cook'er-y, ar i of preparing food.

Cool [0 E cdl], somewhat cold; make or become colder.

Coo'ly, Coo'lie [Hmd. quh^ a labourer], Indian or Chinese hired labourer.

Coom^, Combe ikoom), [0 B. cumlf], small wooded valley^

Coop [L. cUpa, a tub], box with a gratmg for pouitiy ; shut up in a small space. [etc.

Coo'per [see Coop], one who makes barrels, Co-op'er-ate [L. co-, with, and operdn, to

work], act together, Co-opera tion. Co-or'di-nate [L, co-, with, ordmdre (p.p.

ordmatm), to order], equal m rank or order, Co-ordma tion.

Coot [M B. cote, etym. dub.], wadmg bird. Co'pal [Sp. i^pal; Mex. copalh, incense],

resin used m making varnish. Cope^ [if L. cdpa^ a cap], semicircular cloak

worn by priests m processions, etc. Cope 2 [O.F. coper, to strike , Late L. colpiis;

L. colaphos, a blow], contend with, lace diflBculties.

Cope'stone [Cope i and Stone], top stone. Co'pi-ous [U cdpia, plenty], plentiful Cop'per [L. cuprum (for Oupnum ces, Cyprian

brass)] reddish-brown metal. Cop'per-as [M L. cuprSsa, adj. from cuprum,

copper], sulphate of iron. Cop'pice (tce^tss), Copss [O.P. copeiz, cop­

pice ; L. colpdre, to cut with a blow], wood of low growth.

Cop'ra(prob. Malayalam, Icoppara, coconut], dried kernel of coco-nut. [join.

Cop'u-la-tive [L. copula, a band], serving to Cop'y [L. copia, plenty], imitation; single

book, MS. to be set up m type; imitate. Cop'y-nght, the sole right to publish. Co-quette' (.-ket) [T, coquette, fern, of coquet, a

little cock], flirt. Co quetry. Cor'al [&t. coralho?i, hard substance built

up m the sea by small animals. Cord [L. chorda, cord; Gk. cJiorde, the strmg

of a musical instrument], thick strmg. Cord'age, ropes used m the riggmg of a slup. Cor'di-al [L. cor (cordrts), the heart], hearty,

strengthenmg beverage. Cor-di-al'i-ty, heartmess. Cor don [see Cord], ribbon worn as a badge

of honour, line of sentries. Cor-du-roy' [3P. corde du roi, kmg's cord],

ribbed cotton, or any thick-nbbcd stuff. Coid'wain-er [O.r, cordoan, Cordovan

leather], shoemaker (now only as one of a gmld).

Core r?], heart of a thmg. Co-ri-an'der [&k. coriannonl, plant, also ita

aromatic seed. Cork [Span corche, cork; L. cortex (cortic-is),

bark], bark of a kmd of oik; stopper made of cork; stop with a cork.

Cor'mo-rant [ r . cormoran, from L corvus marinus, a marme crow], dark kind of sea-bird,

Com ^ [E ], gram used for food ; preserve with salt.

Corn2 [L.^oniM, a horn], horny growth on the foot.

Corncrake 48 Councillor Com'crake [Corni and Crake (imit.)], bird

(the Landrail). CoE'ne-a [I^. camea^ fem. oi corneas^ homy ;

comUy a horn], transparent cover of tlie eyeball.

Cor'ner [L. cornu, a horn], point where two streets, walls, etc., meet.

Cor'ner-stone, stone at corner of two walls, uniting them; principal stone.

Cor'net [F. cornet^ coniette, dim. of come^ a horn], Mnd of trumpet.

Cor'nice (cs—ss) [F. cornice, corniche; It. cornice; etym, dub.], top moulding of a room, etc.

Cor-nu-co'pi-a [L. cormi^ a horn, copia, plenty], horn of plenty.

Cor-ol'la [L. corolla^ dim. of coT5na, a crown], inner whorl of leaves forming the envelope of a flower.

Cor'ol-la-ry, Cool'la-ry [see Corolla], infer­ence from something stated.

Cor'o-nach [Gf-ael, corronaclC], (Xirge. Cor-0-na'tiou [L. corona^ a crown], the act of

crowning, Cor'O-ner (also obs. Crowner') [L, corunat a

crown], officer who enquires into the causes of sudden or violent death.

Cor'o-nst [dim. of 0.1?, coroner a crown], crown '?!Cira by BLoblemeii. . [bodily.

Cor'po-ral ^ [L. corpus (corpoi'-is), the body], Cor'po-ral s [see Corporal i] , non - com­

missioned officer, Cor-po-ra'tion [1'. corpus corpor-is\ the

body], society acting as one person. Cor-p6're-al [L. corpus^ the body], having a

body, Corps (core) [P. corps ; L. corpus^ the body],

body of soldiers. Corpse [O.F. cors; L. corpus, the body], dead

body, Cor'pu-lent [L. corptts, the body], very

stout. Cor'pulence, Cor'pus-de, Cor-pus'eule [L. corpusculian,

diin. of corpus], minute particle; animal cell. Corpus'cular,

Co>ral' [Bp. carroj a circle, correr toros, hold a buU-Jight; li, currere, to run], pen for horses, etc

Cor-reef [L. con^igere (p.p. correctus), to correct, con-, together, regere, to rule], right; make right; punish. Correc'tion.

Cor-re-la'tion [fr. t,. con-, together, and Relate], mutual relation,

Cor-re-spond' [fr. Jj. con-, together, and Respond], answer one to another, hold intercouree by letter. [letter.

Cor-re-spond'ent, one who communicates h j Cor'ri-dor [It. corridore, corridor, corrers

(L. currere), to run], passage-way froni room to room.

Cor-rob'o-rate [L. con-, wholly, r5bur (robor-is), strength], confirm.

Cor-rode' [TJ. con-, wlioily, rBdcre (p.p. rosus), to gnaw], oat or wear away.

Cor-ro'sion si=zh), eating away as by nist. Cor'ru-gate [L. con-, wholly, nigare p.p.

riigalus), to wririkle], to wrmMe, furrow.

Cor-rupf ili. con^i wholly, rumpere (p.p. TUjitus), to break], unsound; make putrid, infect with badness, bribe.

Cor-rupfi-ble, that can decay, capable of being bribed. Corruptibil'ity.

Cor'sairrM.L. cursuriusj apiratc; L. citrsus, a course], pirate.

Corse. See Corpse. Corse'let, Cors'let [double dim. of O.F. corSy

the body], armour for the body. Cor'set [dim. of O.F. r^rs, the body], stays. Cor'tex [L. cortex (cortidsy], bark, outer

covering. Cor-us-ca'tion [L. coruscare fpjx coniscHtus'),

to glitter], a flashing. Cos-mefic (s=z) [Clk. cosmein, to adorn,

cosmos, order], preparation for the skin, Cos-mog'o-ny (s=z) [Gk. cosnos, the world,

gon, root of yigneSthai, to be bom], theory of the origin of the world.

Cos-mo-pol'l-tan [Crk. cosmos, the world; politSs, a citizen], free from local pre­judice ; citizen of the world.

Cost [L. co7i-y together, stare, to stand], amoimt paid or charged; be bought for, or necessitate spending of.

Cos'tard [?], large apple. Cos'ter-mon'ger, Costard and Monger.

Hongei [SY. O.'B. vifxngeTs, a deaVei], hawker of fruit, etc.

Co^iive (p.y. costivS; L. constipare, con-, to­gether, stipare, to press], constipated.

Cosf ly, dear, expensive. Cos'tume [doublet of Custom], mode of dress,

set of outer garments, Co'sy, Co'zy [?], snug; wadded cover for a

teapot. Coti [0.33. cof], a small house. Cot 2 [Hind. k?iat, a bedstead], swinging bed,

small bed. Cote [see Cot i], sheepf old. Co'te-rie [0.1\ coterie, an association of

cottars; cotier, a cottar], exclusive set of persons.

Cof tage [Cot and V, suffix -ags], small house. Cof ta-ger, one who lives in a cottage. Cof tar, Cot'ter, Cot'ti-er [see Cot i], cottager, Cot'ton [F. and O.Sp. colon; Arab, qiihin',

down which grovi-s on the steeds of a plant, cloth made from it.

Cot-y-le'-don [G-k, cotyle, a cup], seed-leaf. Couch [F. coucher, to place; L. collocdre, to

place], place for rest or sleej); lie down, to fix (a S)ear) in rest.

Couch''ant [pr.p. of P. coucher^ to lie down], lying down,

Cou'gai (ou=oo) [F. coiigtta); from native name], large American puma.

Cough <pugh==off) [O.E. cohhian, to make a noise. Imit.], conviilsive expulsion of air from the lungs, soimd of this; espel air from the lungs noisily,

CowVter[Ij,c!i?fer,aknUe], iron blade in front of a, ploughshare.

Coun'cU, [L. con-, together, caldre, to summon], asembly to consult or administer.

Coun'cii-lor, member of a councfl.

Counsel 49 Cragr Coun'sel [L. consilium, deliberation; con-

suUrCy to consult], ad\ice; barrister, advise.

Conn'S8l-lor, one who advises. Count 1 [O.r, coTitCj also comCe, L. comes

(comti'Zs)j a compamon], continental title equal to earl.

Counts [O.P, cunter^ center', L. computaref to compute], to number, rely upon.

Coun'te-nance [L. conttnSre, to contam], lace; approve openly.

Counfer,! one who counts; piece of ivory, etc., used m games; narrow shop-table.

Count'er 2 [F. contre: L. contra, against], opposite; act contrary to.

Coun-ter-acf, act m opposition to. Coun-te>bal'ance, oppose "with equal 'n eight. Conn'ter-feit [CF. contrefait, p p. of contre-

faxre, to imitate , L. contra, against; facere, to make], mutate, forge; made m imita­tion; copy made to deceive.

Coun'ter-foii [Counter 2 and L. folium, a leaf], part of a document which is kept as a check.

Coun-ter-mand' [L. contra, against, and mand&re, to command], recall an order.

Conn'ter-pane [M.F. contrepomter, to quilt], bedcover.

Coun'ter-part [Counter.^ and L. pars (part-is), a part], corresponding part, duphcate,

Coun'ter-pomt [O.r. contrepoint; M.L. co7t-trospunclwn-; It. confra, ag^insh^ ptmgere (pp. punztm), to prick], art of combining melodies.

Coun'ter-sign (sign=:sine) [F. contre, over against, signer, to sign], second signature to a document, watchword, sign a docu­ment already signed.

Counfesa [O.F. contesse. Late L. comtitssa. See Connfci], wife of an eail or a count.

Counf less, that cannot be numbered. Coufl'try [0 F. cuntrce, hate L. co?i(ra(a, land

lyhi^ opposite; contra, agamst], large tract of land, langdom or state; places a^ay from town,

Coun'ty [L. comitdtus, from comes (comit-is)., a count], one of the sub-divisions of Great Britain and Ireland, or of one of the U.S.A.

Coup'le [L. copula, a link], pair; link to­gether.

Conp'Iet [F. dim. of Couple], pair of con­secutive lines of verse (rap. whenrhvmmg).

Cotip ling, painng; connecting parts in machmery, etc.

Cou'pon (pu=oo) [F. coupon^ a coupon, a piece cut off; couper, to cut], detachaole ticket.

Cour'age [L. cor, the heart], bravery, Coar-a'geous, brave. Cou'ri-er (ou= 00) [L. currere, to run], express

mesenger; travellmg attendant ^ho makes arrangements.

Course(oii=5 usually) \h,currere(ji.-p. cursus), to run], way, passage, ground run over, suc­cession, part of a meal, channel, ship's path, series of lectures, etc.

COUPS'er, swift horse. [greyhounds Cours'ing, pursuit of running game with

Court [L. cohors (cohort-is), a court, also a cohort], space with buildings round it, residence or retmue of a sovereign, place where judges try cases ; woo.

Cour'te-ou3 [O.F. corieis; see Court], of court-hke mannere, polite. [ness.

Cour'te-sy [O.F. corteste, see Court], polite-Court'ier, one who attends at coart. Courf ship, woomg. Cous'm (s~z) [L. con-, together; sobrtnn^,

belonging to a sister], son or daughter of an uncle or aunt.

Cove [O.E. cofa], small mlet. [agreement. Cov'e-nant (o=fi) [see Convene], mutual CoVer (o—H) [O.F. cuvnr, to cover; L. co-,

wholly, operlre, to shut], that -nhich is laid or set over, that which conceals; lay or spread over; mclude, provide for.

Cov'er-Iet (o^H) [perh. O.F^ covre-hc, bed­cover], bedspread.

Cov'ert (o=u) [O.F. cuiert, p.p. of cuvrir, to cover], hidden; shelter; thicket.

Cov'et (o=ii,) [O.F. cuieitier, to covet, L. cupidus, greedy], desne posbession of.

Cov'et-ous (o=il), very eager to obtam, especially money. Co/etousjiess.

Cov'ey (o='a^ [O.F.coyce,fr.comer, to hatch], flock of game birds.

Cow [O.E. cw], female of bovme anuml Cow [perh. 0 N IcHga; c i Dan, hie, to

suppress], crush witJi fear. Cow'srd fiv cai/da, a tajJ, and -a^], famt-

hearted, fearmg person. Cow ardUness. Cow'ard-ice (ice~iss), want of courage. Cow'er [etym. dub., cf. Icel. and Swed lura;

Ban. kurc, to sleep, to lie quiet], shrink down through fear.

Cowl [L. cticuUa, a cowl], monk's hood; hood­like covering over a chimney,

Cow'ne, Cow'ry [Hmd. lauri], small shell. Cov/slip [O.E. cu-sbjppe, prob. CH, a cow,

slyppe, shmy substance (i.e. dimg)], spring flow er.

Cox'comZj [fr. cap worn by professional fools; see Cock and Comb], fop.

Cox'Bwam [O.F. coque, land of boat, and Swam], steersman of a boat and com­mander of its crew.

Coy [F. coi, quiet, still], shy. Coy-of e (or ySt) [Mex. coyotll, pi-airie-wolf. Coz'en (o=tX) [F. cominer, to clami kinship

with mterested motives], cheat. Crab 1 [O.E. crabba, a crab], sea-ammal with

a strong shell. Crab 2 [?], small sour apple. Crab'bed [see Crab i], crossgrain^d, sour. Crack [nmt,], narrow break; short, sharp

sound; break partially, snap j flrsfc-rate. Crack'er, small firework; thm biscuit. Crac'kle [dim. and freq. of C^ack], mako

small crackmg sounds. Cra'dle [?], r o c ^ g bed for a baby, Craft [0 E. craeft, strength], skilli*^cunning; a

trade; vessel, vessels collects ely. CrSt'l-ness.

Crag ["W". craig; Gael, and Ir. crmg, a rock], ragged rock, pomt of rock.

Cram 50 Crisis Cram [O.E. crammian, fr. crimman, toinsert],

thrust in ; lill to overflo^ving. Cramp [O.F. crampe; fr. same root as

Cram], sudden, painful drawing together of muscles; tepp from free action.

Cran'ber-ry [Low G. JcrSnbere], sour rcdberry. Crane [O.E. cran], wading bird; machine for

lifting weights; stretch forward with head and neck. [brain-case.

Cra'ni-um [L. cranium; Q-lc. cranion, a skull], Crank [perh. fr. O.E. crincan (past, cranc%

to sink in a heap |, lever on a shaft which changes to-and-£ro motion into circular motion, or vice versa, faddist, [opening.

Cran'ny [prob. F. cran, etym. dub.], narrow Craps [F. crSpe* L. crispus, curled], thin

crimped stufl, Crsp'nl-ous, Crap'ul-ent [L. crapuJa, intoxi­

cation], sick through intemperance. Crash [imit.], sound of things breaking;

break in pieces with a harsh noise. Crasli [?], coarse linen. Crass [Ii. crassus, coarse], coarse, dense. Crate [prob. L. cratis^ a hurdle], lai^e hamper

of wickerwork. Cra'ter [G-k. crater, a raising bowl], mouth of

a volcano. Cra-vat' [F. cravate, fr. Ger. Krabatc,

Croatian], neckcloth. Crave [O.E. crafian], ask eagerly. Cra'vea [?], coward; cowardly. Craw'fish, Cra/fish [M.E. and O.E. crevice;

O.H.G. crebig, a crab], fresh-water animal with a shell.

Crawl [prob. Norse; cf. Dan. hravle, to crawl], draw one's body along the ground, creep.

Cray'on [F. crayonner, to draw with crayon?, craic, chalk], chalk drawing-pencil.

Craze [Swed. krasa ; Dan, krasc, to crackle], strong fancy,

Cra'zy, disordered in mind, shaky. Creak [prob. imit.], make a grating sound. Cream [F, cr^me; L. chrisma, consecrated

oil], richer part of milk; take cream off. CreMe (_se=ss) [?], mark made by folding ;

mark by folding or crushing. Cre-ate' [L. crearc (p.p. crcatus), to create],

bring into being. Creat'ive. [created. Cre-a'tion, act of creating; that which is Cre-a'tor, the one who creates; God. Crea'tur^ anythiog created, a living being. Cre'denee [L. credere, to believe], belief. Cre-den'tial (ti=sh), that which gives a

claim to credit. Cred'i-ble, worthy of belief. Credibil'ity. Cred'it [L. credere (p.p. creditus), to believe],

belief; trust given or received; honour; believe, attribute.

Cred'it-a-We, deserving or bringing credit. Cred'it-or, one to whom debt is due. Cred'u-lous [L. credulus, credulous, credere,

tobelieve],vcryreadytobelicve. Credul'ily, Creed [L. credo, I believe (the firsfc word in

the old Latin Creed)], summary of beliefs. Creek [etym. dub., M.E. cfilce'], small bay. Creel [etym, dub., Scot.], osier basket,

Creep [O.E. criopari], move slowly as a worm, or on hands and knees as a child.

Creep'er, plant that clings like ivy. Crem-a'tion [L, cremare (p.p. cremGius), to

bum], burning of the dead. Crematorium. Cren-a'ted [It, crena, a notch, etym. dub.])

with toothed edge. Cre'o-sote, Cre'a-sote [Gk. creas, flesh;

sozein^ to preservel^ wood-tar oil. Crep-i-ta'tion [L. crepitSre (p.p. crepMhui),

freq. of crepHre, to creak], crackling sound. Cre'pon (or Cre-pon') [E.], stufJ similar to

crape, but finer. Cres'eent [L, cresco (pr.p. crescetis^ -entis),

to grow], new moon, anything in the shape of the new moon.

Cresg [O.E. crcssel^ plant with edible leaves. Crest [O.F. creste; L. crista, a tuft], comb

or tuffc; heraldic figure originally on the top of a hebnet.

Cresf fall-en, with hanging head, dispirited. Cre-ta'ceous (ce=^sfi) [L. creLa, chalk], chalky. Cre'tin-ism [F. crMin, deformed idiot, fr. L.

Christianus, Christian in modern Horn. sense, "barely human"], diseased state, goitre, idiocy. Cre'tinous.

Cre-toniie' [E.], thick printed cotton cloth. Cre-vass'c [see Crevice], fissure in a glacier. Crev'ice (ice=iss) [O.F. crevace, a rift; L.

crepare, to crack], small opening caused by a crack.

Crew (eic=od) [O.P. creue, increase; L. crescere, to grow], petty ofliccrs and seamen of a sliip. [embroidery,

Crew'el (ew=oo) [?], twisted yam used for Crib [O.E. cn6],raGk or manger; stall for oxen;

a chfid's bed; to steal from an author. Crib'bage [fr. same root as Crib], game of

cards. Crick [perh. allied to Crack], cramp of the

neck or back, Crick'et [O.F. criqueti connected with criquer,

to creak], a cliirpiQg insect. Criek'et [O.F, cripict, a game with a stick and

a ball], open-air game with bat and ball. Cri'er [ ee Cry], one who m.akes proclamations, Crime [L.mmen (crimin-is), an accusation, a

fault; allied to cernere, to decide], great sin. Crim'in-al, pertaining to crime ; one guilty

of crime. Crirainal'ity, Crimp [causative deriv. of Cramp], crisp,

wavy; give a wavy look to. Crimp [?], agent w'ho decoys men to be

sailors or soldiers. Crim'son (-5=2) [Sp. carmesi; Arab, qinnazi,

crimson; Arab, qirmiz, the cochineal insect], deep red.

Cringe [O.E. cringan, curl up], bend like a slave, fawn.

Crin'kle [freq. form of O.E. crincan, to sink in a heap], form with short turns; wrinkle.

Crin'o-line [L. crinis, hair, llnvm, flax], hooped skirt.

Crip'ple [O.E. crypeX], to lame, hinder; one %vho limps or cannot walk.

Cri'sia (pi. Cri'ses) [Gk. crisis, a decision], decisive moment, the turning-point,

Crisp hV Cryptography Crisp [L. crispus, curled], brittle, Arm nnd

fresh, brisk. Crisp'ness. Cri-te'ri-on [G-fe. criierimi^ a test, cHlBs^ a

judge], standard of judging. Crit'ic [Gr^ CTUGS^ a judge], one skilled in

judging merit. [crisis. Crit'ic-al, inclined to judge; pertaining to a Crit'i-cise (5=2), give an opinion, as to what

is good and what is bad in. Crif i-cism, critical opinion. Crit-iijue' (ique=: eelS) [F.], criticism in form of

essay or review. Croak [imit.], make a hoarse sound. Cro'chet (clict=shay) [F. crochet^ dim. of croc^

a hook], threadwork with a hooked needle. Crock [O.E. croc], earthen vessel. Crock Cperh. cogn. with Crack, cf. Iforw.

krake^ a poor beast], aa old ewe or an old broken-down horse. [ware.

Crock'er-y [fr. obs. crocJcer^ a potter], earthen-Croe'o-dile [L. crocodUns ; G-k. crocodeilos^ a

lizard, a crocodile], large riyer-reptile. Cro'tus [L. crociis ; Qk. crocos, crocus], bulb

and its ilower. Croft [etym. dub., cf. Du. kroft, high dry

laud], small farm. Ocom'lech (ch=^Jc) nv. crom^ bent, llech^ a

flat stone], old monument of upright stones with another stone across the top.

Crone (perh. fr. Pioard, caroTie, carrion], old woman.

CEo'ny [?•], familiar friend. Crook [perh. fr. O.N. krokr, a hook], bend ;

shepherd's staff; bishop's staff. Croon [Scottish till 19th cent.], low singing,

or murmur. Crop [O.E; crop], first stomach of a bird;

produce of a field ; cut short. Cro'aaet (,qitet=kay) [perh. North F. dial.;

same as Crochet], game with hoops and balls.

Cio'sier, Cro'zier [O.P. crocier, fr. M.L. crudariiiSt confused with F. croisier^ a cross-bearer], bishop's pastoral staff or

• crook. Cross [ulfc* fr. L. cntx (cruc-is), a cross],

two pieces o£ wood, etc., laid across each other ; gi'eat , trouble ; ill-humoured ; mark with a cross, go to the other side.

Crosa'-boiu, bow fastened to wooden stock and worked by a mecljanism.

Crosa'-ex-am'ine, examine a witness op the' other side. [head.

Cross'trees, pieces of timber across a mast-Crotch'et [F. crochet^ dim, of croc^ a hook.

f,B.—^The hooked time-note called a quaver was crochet in French], time-note, whim,

Crouch, bend low. Croup 1 (oii=oo) [P. croupe', see Crop],

place behind tlie saddle on a horse. CroupS [imit. Cf. O.E. kr&pan, to cry out],

disease of the windpipe and larynx. Crou-pier' (pu=00y ier=cer) [F. croupier^ •

orig. rider on a cro«;?e], assistant chairman at lower end of dinner-table, collector of money at a gaming table.

CrO(« [O.E. crdwe"], black bird ; make the sound of a cock; boast,

Croto'bar, bar of iron used as a lever. Crowd [O.E. crddan^ to push], many persons

or th in^ close together; press in numbers. Crown [L. corfiTia, a wreath, allied to Gk,

coronos^ curvedj, top of anything, especially the head; royal headdress; coin worth five shillings; put a crown on.

Cru'cial (_c=sk) [L. crux (criic-is), a cross], relating to a cross; severe.

Cru'ci-ble [Late L. crucibulum, a melting-pot, a night-lamp; perh. fr. critx^ a cross], melting-pot.

Cru'ci-flx [L. crux (cruc-is), a cross; f^gere (p.p./ta:M5 , to fix], cross with the figure of Christ on it,

Cru-ci-fix'ion, death on the cn^s. Cru'ci-fonn, cross-shaped. [cross, Cru'ci-Sy [see Crucifix], put to death on a Crude [L. crUdiiSj raw], raw, unfinished. Cru'di-ty, crude state; thing in a crude state. Cm'el [L^ crudSlis, cruel; allied to crudus,

raw], pleased to hurt. Cru'el-ty, pleasure in hurting; act of giving

unnecessary paui, Cru'et [dim, of O.F. cruie^ a pot], small glass

bottle for vinegar, oil, etc, Cruise [Du. krutscn,to cruise; ult, fr. L. cm^:, a

cross], voyage to and fro ; sail to and fi-o. CruJ's'er [see Cruise], warship adapted for

cruishig. [bread, etc.), Crmn& [O.E, cruma]^ small fragment (of Crum'ble [orig, a dim. of Crumb], break into

small pieces, Crum'pet [?], cake of flour, egg, milk, etc.,

baked on an iron plate. Crum'ple [freq, of obsol. crump, to curl up],

wrinkle by crushing. Cnmch [unit.], crush noisily with the teeth, Crup'per [see Crop and Croup i], leather loop

from a saddle, placed imder a horse's tail. Cru-sade' [F. croisade; Sp, cruzada^ a

crusade; L, crux (cruc-is), a cross], a "war of the Cross," war against some great evoL Cmsad'er.

Cruse [etym. dub., cf. Du. kroes, cup, bottle for water or oil, etc.

Crush [O.F. croissir, to crash], press together, break or bruise. [ing,

Crust [L. crusta, a crust], liard outer cover-Crus-ta'ce-a (ce=sfi) [neut. pi. of Mod. L.

cruslaceusy crust-like], class of animals with shells. Crusta'cean.

Crusf y, having a crust; rough-mannered, Crutch [O.E. crj/ce], staff or support for

cripples. Cry [F. crier \ L, quMtare^ to cry; orig. to

ask the aid of the Rom. citizens (Quirites)],loud vocal sound; utter a loud sound of fear, joy, weeping, etc.

Crypt [Gk. cryptoSy hidden], a vault, a hidden cave, vault under a church,

Cryp'tic, hidden, secret, Cryp-to'gra-phy [see Ctypt and Gk. graphein^

to write], art of writing in secret characters. Gryp'togram,

Crystal 52 Cuspidor Crya'tal [Gk. crystallos^ ice, cr3^stal], trans­

parent quartz, superior tind of glass, regular form which a substance takes on becorging solid, Cr/staUine.

Crys'tal-lize, foi-m into crj'stals. Cub [?], young wild animal (bear, lion, etc.). Cube [Gk, cubos^ a cube, a die], solid with sis

equal square sides, product of a number twice multiplied by itself.

Ca'bic, cube-shaped, of three dimensions. Cu'bi-cle pj. cubiculum, fr. cubdre, to lie

down], division with one bed in a dormitory.

Cu'bit [L. cubitusy an elbow], measure of about 18 inches.

CuV-koo [F. coucou; imit.], bird so named from its cry.

Cu'cum-her \J^- cocombre; L. cucumis (cucumer-is), a cucumber], creeping plant vilth long fruit.

Cud [O.E, cicidn], food of a cow, etc., chewed a second time.

Cud'gel [0.13, cycgel], short thick stick; beat with same.

Cue [perh. fr. L. gtiando, when], last word of an actor's speech, catchword.

Cue [O.F. cue, cue, fr. L. cauda^ a tail], rod used in billiards, pigtail.

CuS [?J, lower part of a sleeve. Cua [?] [cf. Swed. luffa, to push], Blap. Cui-rass' (cui~cicl) [L, coridceus, leathern;

corium, leather], breastplate and back-plate fastened together.

Cui-ia^-ier' (ie^ee), horse-soldier wearing a cuirass,

Ca'K-na-ry [L. cuUna, a kitchen], relating to the Mtchen or to cooking.

Cull tO.F, cuiUirf to coUeefc; see Collect], pick out and gather,

Cullen-der [see Colander]. Cnl'mi-nate [L. culmen (culmin-is\ tlie top],

reach the mgh(sfc point. Cul'pa-hle [L. culpa, a fault], vi'orthy of

blame. Gulpabil'ity. Cul'prit [abbrev. of Culpable, and O.F. prist,

or presl, ready], guilty person, Cult [L. eolere (p.p. cidtus), to till, to woi-shlp],

system of belief and woi-ship, [till. -Cul'ti-vate [see Cult], bestow labour on, to Cul'fenre, tillage, mental and moral training. Cul'vert f ?J, arched underground channel. Cum'ber [Late L. cumbnts, a heap, a barrier],

burden, hinder. Cum'bersome. Cu'mu-la-tivc [see Cumulus], increasing by

additions. Cu'mu-lus [L. cumulus, a heap], heaped cloud. Cu'ne-ate [L. cuneus, a wedge], wedge-

shaped. [sly, Cun'ning [O.E. cunnan, to know], skilful, Cup [perh. O.F. cope; L.L. cupp^i], small

drinJdng-vessel; draw blood into a cupping glass.

Cup'board (Jcub'-urS), closet with shelves. Cu-pid'i-ty [L, cupidus, greedy], greed for

wealth, Cu'po-la [It. citpdlu, a dome; L. cupula, a

small cask; cUpa, a cask], rounded roof.

Cu'pre-oiis [L. cuprum, copper], of or like copper.

Cut [M.>;. Tcur-dogge], inferior dog, surly ill-bred fellow.

Cu'rate D=ee Cure], assistant clergyman. Cu-ra'tor [L. curare (p.p. cimUus), to cure],

one who has care of a museum, etc. Curb * [F. courbcr; L. curvdre, to bend], chain

or strap attached to the bit of a bridle; check.

Curb,' Kerb [F. courbe; same orig. as Curb ^, stone set along an edge. CaiVstone.

Curd [perh. fr. O.E. cn'idan, to press together], thickened part of milk.

Cur'dlet change into curd. Cure [L. cUra, care], healing, care of souls;

make well, salt and dry. Cur'iew [O.F, muirir^ to cover; feu^ fire],

evening bell. [thing. Cu'ri-o [abbrev, of Curiosity], curious, rare Cu-ri-os'i-ty, rare thing; desire to know. Cu'ri-ous [i-. cunosuSy full of care, cura^ care],

eager for knowledge, prying, etmnge. Curl [fr. obs. crully croU^ curly; cf. Du.

krullen, to curl], ringlet; bend into rings, Cur'lfiW [O.F. cowrZiews; iinifc.], wading bird

with curved bill. CuiTing, sporfc with smooth stones on ice. Cur'rant [F, (raisins de) Corinifie, raisins of

Corinth\ siasXl dried seedless grape, berry with acid juice.

Cor'ren-cy [see Current], that which is in circulation, money in use, time during which a thing is current. [passing,

Cur'renfc [L. currere-, to run], a stream ; now Cui'ri-cle [L. curriculum, course or race-

' chariot; currere, to run], two-wheeled carriage.

Cur-ric'u-lum [see Curricle], course of study. Cur'ry [Tamil, kari, sauce], mixed Indian

spice; prepare with curry. Cur'ry [O.F. correier, orig. to prepare],

dress leather; comb (a horse) ; seek (favour) by flattery.

Curse [?], prayer for evil; cause of great evil; invoke evil.

Cur'sive [L. currere, to run], running (writing in MS.).

Cnr'so-ry [L. cursor, a ruimer; currero, to run], hasty, [courtesy.

Curt (X. curtiis, short], short; without Cui-taii' [L. curtus, sliort], cut short. Cur'tain [L. cortlna, a curtain, orig. a small

yard; cars (cort-is), a court], hanging screen of cloth, etc.

Cort'sy, -3ey [same word as Courtesy], bend­ing of the knees to show respect.

Cur'va-ture, a bending or cui've. Curve [L. curvdre (p.p. curvdtus^ to bend],

a bending without angles; bend. Cush'at [(?), Scot, dial.], wood-pigeou. Cush'ifon iu~oo) [O.F. cowstn, a cushion],

stuilcii bag for ease and support; to support with this.

Cusp [L, cuspis, a point], apei, pointed end. Cus'iii-dor [Port, cuspir; L. conspuere, to

spit], a spittoon.

Custard 53 Dandelion Ciu'tacS [L. erusta, a crust], mixture of milk

and eggs baLed or boiled. Cus'to-dy [L. custos (custsd-is), a guardian],

ieeping charge. Cusiod'ian. Cas'tom [L. comuUudo (consultudin is),

custom, con-together,«a«sare (p.p. iuaus), to be accustomed], habit, general usage, busmess support, (pi.) the tax on imports.

Cua tom-a-ry^ fixed by custom. Cus'tom-er, regular purchaser. Cat [(?), cf. M. Swed lolta, to cut], wound

with an edged instrument; divide or gash with a kmfe, etc

Ou-ta'ne-oua [L- cttlts, the skm], of or relatmg to the skm.

Cute [colloquial, corruption of Acute], sharp Ou tl-ole [L. cutwuki, dun. of mitis, tho skm]

outer skin. Oaf lass [F. coiilelas, aug. of couteau, a knife],

broad curved sword. Catler-y [O.I', could, a knife], general name

for small cuttmg instruments, as knives. Cutlet [ r . cOtektle, double dun of cSle

(h. casta), a rib], small cut of meat, espeoi ally veal or mutton.

CuVteP [see Cut], yacht with one mist. Cut tie-fish [0 E. cudeJe'], sea animal which

throws out an inky fluid. Cy'cle [Qk cyclos, a oaole, a cycle], round in

which certam events are regularly repeated, an age, bicycle or a tricycle; ride on a cycle. Cy'clic.

Cy'done [Gk. ajdos, a curcle], system of winds round centre of low pressure, curcular storm,

Cyg'net [L. cygrms, a swan], young swan Cyl m-der [Gk. cylmdros, a roller], circular-

ended body like a roller. Cylin d n c ^ Cym'bals [Gk. ajmbalon, a cymbal, from

cymbe, a cup], pair of musical brass or brezon instruments.

Cyn'iO [Gk. cymcos, dog like, a Cyme, from cy5n, cynos, a dog], disbeliever m human woith. Cyn icism.

Cyn'o-suie [L. cynostim, the tail of the Lesser Bear, fr. Gk. cydn, a dog, and oara, a tail], centre of atti action.

Cy'psess [Gk. cypanssos, a cypress], kind oi cone bearmg tree.

Czar, Tsar, Tzar (zar or tmr) [Euss tsare, a kmgj L Ca:sar% Emperor (of Enssia).

Czar'e-witch (tsaT%-mlsh) [Euss. tsanmtslii, son of a Ozar.

Cza-n'na (!=e«) [from Cisar, with It. sufDx tTia, Empress of Eussia.

D Dab t?]. '^trile gently, peek; slight blow, fish. Dab'ble [frequent of Dab], move undecidedly

in water; dip slightly into anything. Dab'chiek [Dah perh. cogo, with Dip and

Chick], water-bird noted for diving. Dace [sometimes called dare and dart from

its swiftness; O.r. dare], fresh-water fish,

Darcoif [Hmd, dU.lait^ fr dalca, ging rob- r^ bery], member of a robber-band m India *^ and Burma.

Dae tyl [Gk. dactylos^ a finger], tri-syllabic foot(—^. v).

Da'do p t . dado, die or square part m middle of a pedestal], cube of a pedestal above the base, lower part of a room-wall coloured oi panelled differently from higher part.

Daf fo-dil [L. asphodelus j Gk. aspJwdelos, a kuid of lily], bulb and its yellow flower.

Dag'ger[r.^i?«tf, a dagger; ong. unknown], short sword, stabbing knife.

Da-guerr'eo-type [F. da/uerreotype, fr. Da-guerre, name of mvcntor], early photo­graphic process, portrait produced by the process.

Dah'Iia («A=a2) [fr. Swedish botanist BahV], autumn flower. [boit.

Da-ha-bee'yah [Arab. dahablya\i large Kile Dai'Iy, belongmg to each day. Dain'6? [O.I*. dainte^ damty; L. digmtas

(dignztat-ts), digmty], choice morsel, ele gant, fastidious.

Dai ry [fr. obs. deu, 0 E ddge, a maid-servant,"cogn. with O.E, ddh, dough], place where milk is kept

Da'is [O.F, dels fr L.L, discus^ table], raised floor at upper end of a dining-hall, raised seat with canopy,

Dai'sy [O.E. dceges iage, the ere of day], common flower with yellow disk and white or pmkish petals •nhieh close at night,

Dale CO,E. dcsljy low place between hills; valley.

Dal'li-ance, caressmg, triflmg. Dal'ly [O.F. daUer, to chat], to trifle, delay. Dam [same as Dame], mother (usually of

animals). Dam [common Teut, cf, Du. dam; Ger

darmri], bank to confine water; confine water thus

Dam'age [O.F. damage, damage ; L. damnare (p p. damtidtus), to condemn], hurt.

Daoi'ask [It. Z^amasco, L Doma CTw], figured silk, Imen, or steel.

Dame [O.F. dame; TJ domina, a lady], mistress of a house, noble lady

Damn. [L. damndre^ to condemn], condemn, curse.

Damp [cf. Du. and Dan. damp, Ger dampf, vapour], moisture, moist, to wet, make dull.

Damp'er, somethmg that damps or depresses, movable plate in a chimney, somethmg depressing.

Dam'sel [M.L, dom7izeellaj double dim. of L. domina, a lady], young woman.

Dam'son [L. Damascenum (prunurn), plum of Damascus], small plum.

Dance [O.F, danser, perh. O.H.G. dansdn^ to drag alonj], measured steppmg or Bprmgmg to music, step or sprmg to music, skip about,

Dan'de-Ii-on [F. dent de Iwn, lion's tooth], plant with yellow flowers,

Dandle 64 Decapitate Dan'dle [prob. imit.; cf. It. danddlare^ to

dandle, dandolay a doll], dance (a child) on the knee.

Daa'droS, Dan'driff [ending perh. "YorlKh. hurf, fr, Icel. lirufa^ scab], scui-f on the head.

Dan'dy [origin, unknown. Note that Bandy is a form of Andrew\j one who ia fond of finery in dress.

Dan'ger (a=^at), \0.V.dangler^ absolute power; L. dominium, power, dominus, a lord], exposure to harm, risk, peril,

Dan'gle [etym. dub., of. Dan. dangle; Swed. dangla, to swing about], hang loose, swing.

Dank [cf. Swed. dank, marshy ground], damp. Dap'per [cf. Du. dixppert brave], little and

active; trim. Dap''ple [i)erh. Icel. depill, a spot], spotted. Daie [O.E. durran, to dare; ic dearr, I dare],

have boldness to, defy, Da'ring, boldness; bold, adventurous. Dark [O.E. deorc^ lacking light, black or of a

deep colour. Darling [O.E. dlorling^ dim. of dloTy dear],

little dear; dearly loved; favourite. Dam [O.E, dem^ secret, hidden], fill in holes

with yam or thread, Dar'nel [cf. "Walloon, darnelle\, kind of weed

among com. Dart [O.F. darz, a dart; cf. Dace], pointed

weapon for throwing, sudden rush; throw or fly as a dart.

Dash [perh. imit.], sudden rush; throw or come against with great force; puncfcua-tioa mark,

Dash'hoard, splash-board. Dash'ing, bold and showy. Das'tard [perh, fr. Dazed], coward. Da'ta (pi.) [L. dare, to give (p.p. rfcf?«)], facts

given or admitted. Date [Qk. dactylos, a date, a linger], fruit of

the date-palm. Date L- ' date; L. dare (p.p. datus% to give],

given point of time ; mark the time of. Da'tive [L. dare (p.p. datus), to give],

grammatical case denoting remoter object. Daub LO'^- dauber; L. dealbare^ to plaster,

de, down, very, aVjus^ white], smear, paint coarsely.

Mwigh ter [O.E, doTuor'], female child. Daunt, [O.F danter; L. domitdre^ to tame],

check by fear. Daunt'less, Dau'phin [family name of several lords of

J)aupMn^, who had three dolphins for their crest; L. delphinus, a dolphin], formerly the title of the eldest son of Ihe king of France,

Dav'it [fonncrly david^ as if from pro]5er name], crane for hoisting anchor, one of a pair of cranes for lowering boat.

Daw [imit, of noise made by the bird], bird of the crow kind.

DaVdle [?], waste time, walk idly. Dawn [Swed, and Dan, dagning^ dawning^;

O.E, dagian, to become day], break of day ; grow light. [24 hours.

Day [O.E. da^gl^ time from sunrise to sunset,

Diize pI.E. dasen, to stupefy. Of. O.K", dasask^ to bo bewiidcred], stupefy with too much hght, a blow, etc.

Daz'zle [frequent, of Daze], o-^erpower by light.

Dea'con [Gk. diaconos, a servant, a deacon], office-boiirer in a church.

Dead [O.E. dlad], without life, Dead'en, make as dead, lessen force. Dead'lock. complete stoppage of action. Dead'ly, tliat may cause death, like death, Deaf O.E. diafj, unable to hear. Dead [cf. Du. deel, a plank], planli, Deal [O.E. dcH], quantity; distribute, do

business, behave; busings transaction. Deal'er.

Dean [P. doyen; L. decanus, one placed over ten soldiers or ten monks; decern, ten], one who presides over the other clergy in cathedrals or collegiate churches.

Dear [O.E. dC-ore], beloved, high-priced, Dearth [fr. Dear], scarcity. Death [O.E. d^ath, passing from life. De-bar' [O.P, desbarer; L. de, off, and Bar],

shut off. De-base' Ide, down, and Base], lower. De-bate' [L. de, down; Rom. batiere, to

fight], argument; argue for and against. Debafable.

De-bauch' [F. dibaucher, entice from amaster; perh, de, from, baudie, a workshop], excess in eating and drinking; deprave, vitiate. Debauch'ery.

De-ben'tuie [L. debcniur, (they) are due], deed which is security for a loan.

De-bil'i-ty [L, debill\ weak], weakness. Debil'itate.

Deb'it [L. dcbitum, debt], left-hand side of account in which entries of sums due are entered. •

De'bon-air' [F, de bon air, of good appear­ance], elegant, courteous, gaj'.

De-bouch' [1 * ^ [L* ^'^s) away, bouche, mouth], i^ue from wood, >etc., into open ground. Debouch'ment.

De'bria deh'Tee) [F. debris, fragments; de-^ down, briser, to break], fiagments, ruins.

De^t [O.F, dcite, L. debere, to owe (p.p. debitum), whence mistaken letter i ] , tliat which is owing.

Detif or, one who owes. Dec'ade [Gk. decas (decados), decade, deca,

ten], period of ten years. Dec'a-dence [L, de, down, cadere, to • fall],

falling a^vay, a growing worsp. Dec'a-gon [Gk. deca, ten; gonia, a corner],

ten-sided plane figure. Deo'a-logue [Gk. deca, ten; logos, a speech],

the ten commandments. De-camp' [L. dis-, away; campus, a field],

move away, De-cant' [L. dS, from; canihu^, the lip of a

cup], pour from one vessel to another. De-can'ter, ornamental bottle for decanted

wine, etc. De-cap'i-tate [L. de, down, caput (capii-is),

the head], cut ofE the head of.

Decay 55 Deference De-cay' [O.P. decair, to decay , L. dS^ down,

cadere, to fall], gradual loss of strength, corruption; waste away.

De-cease' [F. dechj L. de, from and cedere (sup. cessum^y to go], death,

De-ceit', •u ilful misleading, trickery. De-ceive' [O.r. decneir^ to deceiTo; L. de^

away, capere (p p. captus)^ to take], mislead, cheat.

De'cen-cy, propriety. De-cen'm-al [L decern, ten, and annus^ a

year], belongmg to ten years. De'cent [L. dccere (pr p. decens, -entts\ to

be fittmg], suitable m behaviour, modest, respectable. [deceived.

De-cep'tion, deceivmg or state of bemg De-cide' [L. dJ, do s-n, ccedere (p p ccesus),

to cut], make np one's mind, settle, De-ci'ded, firm and clear, De-cid'u-ous [L. dc^ down, cadere, to fall],

fallmg o£E at ccrtam seasons like leaves, De'ci-mal (& short) [L. decima, a tithe; decern^

ten],numberexpressedbytens; numbered by tens.

De'ci-mate [L. deamdre (p.p. decim6iUs% to take the tenth man, decern^ ten], take the tenth part of, kill every tenth man, destroy m large numbers.

De-ci'pher fF. dSchiffrer, see Cipher], make out (puzzlmg or bad writmg)

De-cis'ion (si=zh)f judgment, firmness. De-ci'sive (s=z), final. Deck [prob. M Du. deken, to cover, cogn. with

Thatch], platform from side to side of a ship ; to cover, adorn,

De-claim' [L, dS, down, fully, ddmdre^ to cry], make a formal speech,

Dec-Ia-ma'tion, set speech in public. De-clam a-tor-y, declaimmg, esp. noisily. Dec-la-ra'tion, distinct statement, act of

declarmg publicly. De-clar'a-tor-y, makmg clear or manif^t. De-elare' [L. dedur&re (p p. decldrdtus\ to

declare, de^ fully, clarus^ clear], make known by speech.

De-clen'sion [see Deehne], downward ten­dency, case changes m the forms of nouns, etc.

Dec-h-na'tion, bendmg downward, vanation of magnetic needle from true north.

De-chn'a-ture, refusal. De-ehne' [r . dScliner ; L dechndre (p,p, dS-

clinatu^); de, from, and -clinure (only m compound T ordb), to lean], falling off, con­sumption; bend do^n, fall away, refuse.

Dec-hv'l-ty [L. de, down, dtvus, a slope], downward slope,

De-coc'tion [L. de, down, cogwert", to cook], extract got by boilmg.

De-com-pose' (s=z), [L. de, and Compose], separate into original elements, decay,

Dec'o-rate iL. deciis (decor-is), ornament], adorn, beautify. Dee orative.

Dec-0-ra'tion, that which adorns, a badge of honour to be worn.

De-eo'rous, Dee'orous [L decus (dccor~is), ornament, decere^ to bo fit], seemly, proper.

De-co'rum, propriety of conduct, 06-00/ [earlier i:oy, Du. kooi, decoy; L,

caiea^ a cage], anythmg meant to lead into a snare; lead into danger by a lure,

De'creasd* De-crease', a growmg less. De-^ease' [L. decrescere (p.p. dScTetus)^

de, down, crescerey to grow], gro^ less, make less,

De-cree' [O.F, decre; L. de, away, cemere (p.p. cretm), to distmguish], order or law; determine by decree.

De-crep'it [L, de, away, crepare (p.p. crepitus), to crackle], broken down with age. De-crep'itude,

De-ci^ [L, de, down (here meaning reversal), and Cry], cry doxvn, under-vilue m speech.

Ded'i-cate [L. de, down, dicare, to proclaim], set apart for sacred use. Ded'icatory,

Ded-i-ea'tion, asettmg apart, address to some one at the beginning of a book,

De-duce' [L, dS, down, ducere (p.p, ductus), to lead], derive or draw from. Deduc'tion.

De-duct' [see Deduce], take away or sub­tract,

Deed [OJ]. dc^di], that which is done, sealed paper containing the terms of a transfer or bargam. [opimon,

Deem [O.B, d&man, to judge], to judge, be of Deem'ster, the name ^yen io each of the two

justices of the Isle of Man. Deep [O.E. diop, diop, far down, far to the

back, thorough; a deep part of the ocean, the ocean.

Deer [O.E.d^or, a wild animal], swift ammal with horns.

De-face' [obs. P. d^facer; L. dS, down, and factes, a face], injure the surface.

De-fal-ca'tion [L. de, away, falx (falc-is), a sickle], abstraction of trust-money,

De-fame' [L. difjamdre (p p, di^&matus), to spread a bad report; dis-, apart, fama, a report], slandei-, speak evil of, Defama'-tion, Defam'atoiy,

De-fault' [O.r. defaidt; L. dis-, apart, and Fault], to fail through neglect of duty; to fail to appear m court when called on. Default er,

De-feaf [O.P. defeu (p.p, otdesfaire), to mako void], an overthrow; conquer, make ineffectual,

De-fecf [L. dejicere (p p. defectus), to undo; de, away, and facere, to make], want, fault. De!eo tive,

De-fec'tion, falhng away, abandonment. De-fence', protection, ans'u er to a charge, De-fend' [L. defsndere (p.p, defensus), di,

doi\n, and -fendere (only in compound words), to strike], to guard, uphold,

De-fend ant, the one who opposes a charge. De-fen'si-ble, capable of bemg defended. De-£en'sive, in a state of defence, De-fer'i [L. diffene, to delay, dis-, apart,

ferre, to bear], put off, De-fer' 2 [L. deferre, to bring down, de-, down,

ferre, to bring], yield to another, Defer-enc8 [see Defer 2], a yieldmg of one's

opimon, respect,

Deferential 5Q Demobilize Def er-en'tial (ti=sh\ showing deference. De-fl'ance, challenge, contempt of opposition

or danger. D6-fl'cion-cy (ci=sh), shortcoming. De-fl'cient [L. deficere (pr.p, deficiens^

-entis\ to he wanting, to fail], wanting. Defi-cit [L. deficit^ it fails, fr. deficere^ to

fail], deficiency in amount. De-aie' [O.E. fylan, to make foul], mal e foul. De'file [L. dis-i apart, fdum^ a thread], narrow

pass ; De-file', De'file, march in a line. De-flne' [L. de^ down, /InTrc (p.p. /mltus^

to finish], fix the bounds of, to explain, make clear in outline.

Defi-nitc, exact. Definiteness. Def-i-m'tion, description of a thing by its

properti^, exact explanation, clearness of outliue. f final.

De-fin'i-tive, defining or limiting, positive, De-flate' [L. de, down, fidre, to blow], to re-• lease the air fi'om (anything inflated).

Defla'tion. De-flec'tion, De-flex'iou [L. de, down, and

Jlectere (p.p. jlexus)y to bend], a turning aside.

De-!onned' [L. deformiSy ugly; dcy away, forma, shape, beauty], misshapen.

De-for'ini-ty» unnatural shape. De-Jraud' [L- de, away, Jrans (fravd-U),

fraud], to cheat. De-fray' [F. dSfrayer^ fr. frai (pi. Jrais), ex­

penses], pay. Dett [O.E.pfi-tfir/fe, meek, die/Km, to prepare],

clever, neat-handed. De-funcf [L. ^c, fully, fungi (p.p. functus),

to perform], dead. Tie-ts' [O.F. defter, to defy; L. tfw-, apart,

fUlere, to trust], challenge, dare. De-gen'er-ate [L. de, down, genits (gener-is),

race], be or grow worse than one's kind or than one was formerly. Degea'eracy.

De-gla-ti'tlon [L. de, down, glutire (p.p. glUtUus), to swallow], swallo'^'ing.

De-grade' [L. de, from, gradus, a step], to reduce to lower rank. Degrada'tion.

De-gree'' CL. de^ do^vn, gradtis^ a step], a step, rank, extent, SGOtli part of a circle, unit of angular measurement, division on a scientific instrument, university distinc­tion.

De'i-fy [L. deus, God, facere, to make], make a god of. Deifica'tion.

Deign (daiw) [L. dignSre^ to deem woj-thy], think worthy, stoop.

De'ism, belief in the existence of a God but not in rcTclation. De'ist.

De'i-ty fL. dens, god], God. . De-jec'tion [L. de, down, jacere (p.p. jectus),

to throw], lowness of spirits. Deject'ed. De-lay' [O.F. dclaier, perh. from L. dUaiarc,

to put off], putting off, stop; put off, hinder. [delightful.

De-lec'ta-hle [L. deledare, fco delight], Del'e-gate [L. de, away, UgSre (p.p. Icg&tus),

to depute], one chosen to act for others; send as a representative, entrust to.

Del-e-ga'tion, body of delegates.

De-lete' [L. deltre fp.p. dcletus), to destroy], blot out. Dele'tion.

Del-c-to'ri-OU3 [Uk. dSletSrios, harmful, dele-esthai, injiue], hurtful.

Delf, Delft [fr. J)clft, formerly Dclf, in Holland], coarse glazed eai-thenware.

Do-lib'ei-ate [!-<• de, thoroughly, librare, to weigh], carefully considered, slow; discuss, weigh in the mind.

De-lib-er-a'tion, cai-eful thought, discussion. Del'i-ca-cy, fineness, frailty, a dainty. Del'i-cate [L. dclkalus, luxurious, prob.

allied todSlicia?], tine, frail. De-U'cioug (ici=ish) [L. deliciw, delights],

very pleasing, De-lighf I0.l^.deliti(=r; L. dekcitlre, to delight],

joy; please gi-eatly, joy in. De-lin'e-ate [L. de, down, Imeare, to mark

out, linea, a line], to outline, sketch. De-lin'^uen-cy, omission of duty, fault. De-lin'q[uent [L. delinqiiere (pr.p. deliiiquens,

-entu), to fail; de, away, linquere, to leave], one who fails in dut-, culprit.

De-lir'i-um [IJ. de, from, Hm, a furrow], a wandering of the mind.

De-li'ver [F, dHitrcr; L. de, from, Uberare, to free], set free, give up, utter.

De-liv'er-ance, setthig free. De-liv'er-y.scttingfree, giving over, utterance. Dell [O.E. dwll, dale, deep natm-al hoUow. Del'ta [Gk. deltci A , the fourth letter

of the alphabet], tract occupied by the moutlis of a river.

De-lude' [L. dS, down, IMere (p.p. lusus), to play], lead from truth, deceive.

Del'uge [l"". delxtge; Xi. diluvium; (ifs-, apart, lucre to wash], flood. [ledge.

De-lu'sion, false opinion from want of know-Delve [O.E. dclfm'], dig. Dem'a-gogwe [f^^. demos, the people, agdgos,

leading], noisy leader of the people. De-mand' [1J. de, away, manddre, to order],

claim, an asking for with authority; claim as a right.

De-mar-ca'tion [L. dS, down, and Span. marcar, to mark], marking a limit,

De-mean' tO.li'. demener, to conduct; L. dS, down; TP. mencr, to lead], behave.

De-mean'2 [L. de, down, and Mean], debase, lower in dignity.

De-mean'oME [earlier desnenure; see De­mean 1], behaviour, bearing.

De-menfed [L. dS, from, meiis ment-is), mind], mad.

De-mer'it [L. d§, fully, mererl (p.p. 7nerUus), to deserve], that which deserves blame.

De-mesne' (esne=ain), Do-main' [see Domain], house and land round it kept for the owner's use.

Dem'i-god t * demi; L. dimidius, half, and God], hero wlio was half a god.

De-mise' (s=z) [O.P. demise (p.p. of desmtttre, to dismiss) ; L. dSnnltere (p.p. danissus, to dismiss], transfer of property, death. Demis'sion.

De-mo'bi-Uze pj. de, down, and Mobilize], bring back (an army) to peace footing.

Democracy 57 Deputy De-moc'ia-cy t Eonnerly democrat/; Q'k.

demos, the people; cratan, to rule], government by the people.

Dam'o-crat, one who believes m goTern-menfc by the people.

De-mol'ish [L. demoHri; d§, down, mdelSt a heap], destroy,

De-mo-li'tion, destruction. De'mon \Gck^ daimon^ a deity, a spirit], spirit,

especially of evil. De-mo'ni-ac [see Demon], one possessed by

a demon. Dem'on-stiate [L. (Ze, down, monstr&re (p.p.

mo7istr&lm), to show], show, prove. Dem-on-stra'lion, exhibition, proof. De-mon'stra-tive, showing clearly; apt to

make a show of feeling. Dem'on-stra-toi, one who provesj a teacher of

practical work. De-mor'al-ize [P. demoraliser; see Moral]*

undermine the morals, disciplme, or courage.

De-mui' [X. demordrl, to tarry; d^, fully, mor&ri, to delay], raise objections, make difficulties, take exception to.

De-mure' [O.F. meuvy mature; L. de, very, maturus, ripe], grave, afEectedly modest.

Dea to ,E, deiiifXy cave or hollow, De-ni'ij, refusal, contradiction, Den'i-zen [A.F, demzein^ tc. deim, within;

L, dS intns, from within], dweller in acountry, town, etc., foreigner admitted to rights of a native.

Ds-nom'i-nate [L dc^ down, fully, nominSre (p.p. tiominaiiia), to name], to name.

De-nom-i-na'tion, a name, sect. De-nom'i-na-tor, one who, or that, which

gives a name ; lower number of a fraction, De-note' [I', d^noter ; L. de^ down, notarey to

maik], point out, mean. De-nou^'ment (mcnt=mong) [P. dhiouer^ to

untie], unravelhng plot or mystery of drama or romance, chmax.

De-nounce' [L. dmunlidre (p.p. denuntiStus); <Ze, down, nuniidret to tell], condemn openly.

Dense lli. densus., thick], thiclc, stupid. Den'si-ty, thickness, closeness. Dent [variant of Dmt; 0.33. dynt, a blow],

hollow made by a blow or by pressure; to mdke a hollow thus. [teeth.

Den'tal CL. dens (dent~is\ a tooth], of the Den'ti-frice (icc=us) [L. dens (dent-is), a

tooth; fricdre^ to rub], tooth wash or powder.

Den'tist, tooth surgeon, Den'tistry. De-nude' [L. dc-, fully, tmddTe, to make

bare; nudus, nated], make bare. De-n\m-ci-a'tion, open accusation. De-ny' [F. denier, to deny; L. de, fully,

negdre, to deny], declare untrue, refuse. De-part' [L. dzs-^ away, from, partlre, to part]

go away. De-patt'ment, separate division. De-par'tore, a gomg away. De-pend' [h. dS, down, pendSre, to hang],

hang down, rely for support (on), trust.

De-pend'ant, one who depends on another, hanger-on. [mg.

De-pend'encB, De-pend'ance, state of depend-De-pend'ent, hangmg down, not seU-&up-

portmg, under another state. (As a nouti, same as Dependant.)

De-picf [L. de, fully, and pirigere (p.p. pictus), to paint], pamt, describe.

De-plete' [L. de, away, and^J?^^ (p.p plehis), to hll], empty, exhaust. Deple'tion.

De-plore' [L. de, fully, pldrdre, to cry], express grief for, regret-. DepIor'al3le.

De-plo/ [F. d&ployer, fr. L. dis-, apart, and flicdre, to fold], spread out so as to extend the fi'ont (of tioops).

De-po'nent t^. dSponere, to lay clown, fr. de, down, and pSnere (p.p. pdnais, -entis), to place], one who testihes under oath. Of verbs (G-k. and Lat.), originally reflexive with passive form but active m meanmg, wrongly regarded as having Zai esttZe their passive meanmg. Depone' (vb.).

De-pop'u-late pj. de, down, populdre, to populate; 'popuhis,thQ people], deprive of inhabitants.

De-porf [L. dS, down, poHdre, to caiTy], carry away, expel, exile, behave (oneself).

Dft-i>oit'ment, behaviour, bearmg. De-pose' (s=z) [F. de, from, poser, to place],

remove from office; bear witness. De-pos'it [L. de, down, pdnere (p.p. positus),

to place], that which is laid aowu or placed, something given as security ; lay down,

De-p03'i-ta-ry, one with whom anything is left m trust.

De-po-si'tion, laying down, written testi­mony, setting aside a king, etc.

De-pos'i-to-ry, place where things are placed for safe keepmg,

Dep'of [F, d^dt; L, deposituniy a thing laid down; see Deposit], storing-place for goods, railway plant, tram-cars, etc.

De-prave' [L. dS, fully, pravus, crooked], make bad, corrupt.

De-prav'i-ty, badness of character. Dep're-cate [L. de, away, and precdrl (p.p,

precdtus), to piay], plead against, express disapproval,

De-pre'ci-ate (c=sh) [L. deprctidre (p.p. depretidtits), fr. de, do^^n, and pretiumy price], fall m value, uiider-\ alue. De« precia'tion, Depre'ciatory.

Dep-re-fla'tion [L. de, fully, and prceddri (p.p, prceddtus'), to plunder], a robbmg, inroad.

De-press' C . de, down, and premcre (p.p. pressus), to press], press down, cause to sink, sadden. Depres'sion.

Dep-ri-7a'tion, a taking away, loss-De-prive' [L. de, fully, prlidre (p.p. priidius),

to deprive], take away, Depiiva tion. Depth [see Deep], measurement down^aid

from the top or backwaid from the front, Dep-u-ta'tion, persons deputed. De-pute' [L. de, down, piU&rc, to cut ofEJ,

appoint to act m place of others. Dep'u-ty, one appomted to act for gthersj,

Derangre 58 Detest Dfr-£aBge' [S, diranger; L. riw-, apart; F.

rang^^ rani:], put out of order. Det'e-llct [£'• ^^7 from, relviquere (i).p.

Telictus\ to leave], forsaken (esp. of R ship). Det-e-Uc'tioii, a, forsaking, neglect. De-ride' [L. di, down, nd&rc (p.p. mws),

to laugh], laugh at, mock. [mockery, De-ris'ion (wi=f2/0» scornful laughter, Der-i-va'tion, act of tracing origin, the origin.

JD«riv'a-tive. De-rive' [L. dcHvdre, to drain ofl water, fr.

rtviis, a stream], receive as from a source. Der'o^gate [L. dS, away, and rogdre (p.p.

TQgcUus)y to ask], take away, lessen. Deroga'tioQ.

De-rog'a-to-ry, tending to lessen. Der'rick [Du. Dierryk, sumamo of noted

hangman at Tyburn], machine for hoisting or moving heavy weights, (Originally hangman, and then the gallows.)

Der'vish [Pers. danesh, poor], Mohammedan monk professing poverty.

Dea-canf [M L. dismntns^ land of singing; dis-^ apart, cantdre, to sing], make remarks freely.

Ds-scend' [L. de^ down, scanderc^ to climb], go or come down.

De-scend'ant, olTspring (to any generation"). De-scenf| a coming down. De-scribe [L. de, down, and sa-lbere (p.p.

scri'pliis\ to write l, mark out, give aai account of. Descnp'tive.

De-scrip'tion, sketch in words. 06-3013?" [0>^- descrire, short form of

descrivre, to describe], catch sight of. Des'e-crate [L, dSsecrdre (p.p. desecratus), to

desecrate, fr. sacer, sacred], insult, misuse (something sacred). Desecra'tion.

Des'ert i [IJ. dSsertvm, a wilderness; see Desert 2], vast waste of land.

De-serf 2 [L. deserere.^ to forsake ; de^ away, and ser^e (p.p. serins)^ to join], forsake.

De-serf er [see Desert 2J, nm-away (soldier). De-serts' [O.P. desert; see Deserve], that

which is deserved, [worthy of. De-serve' [L* de, iuUy, servlrc, to serve), be Des'ic-cate [L. dS, away, siccSre (p.p.

sicmtiis), to mako quite dry], diy, dry up. De-sid'er-ate [L. desiderdre; see Desire],

long for intensely, miss. Desideia'tum. De-siga' (sign=zine) [L. cfe, down, signure

(p.p. signdtus), to mark], plan; to plan. Des-ig-na'tion, a pointing out, name. De-si'ra-ble (s=5), to be wished for. De-^e ' [O.F, desirer ; L. dSsideraret to long

for], wish; long iox, De-si'rous, eagerly wishing. De-sist' (Si!=£i) [TJ. tie, away, sistere^ to

put], leave off. Desk th, discusy a desk], a writing or reading

table or case. Des'o-late [L. rfe, fuUy, and sOtdre (p.p.

sdldtus)^ to make lonely; mollis, alone], laid waste; lonely,

De-spaii' [L. de, from, and sper5re (p.p. spSrdtu3)i ^O hope], hopelessness; lose hope,

Des'per-ale, withou i hope, beyond liopo. Des'pi-ca-hle [sec Despise], deserving to be

despised. De-spise' (5=2) [L. despicere (p.p. ddspectus) ;

de. down, spccere^ to look], look down upon, scorn.

De-spife' [0,F. despii; see Despise], ill-will; in spite of. [rotw

De-spoil' [L. iZe,_fnlly, spoliare, to strip], s^rip, De-spond [if. de, away, spondere, to promise],'

be cast down. De-spond'en-cy, lowness of spirits, Des'pot [Gk. dcspoteSf a master], unlimited

ruler, tyrant. Des'potisin. Des-pof ic, liavin^ unlimited power. Des'iuam-ate [L. dt; off, squama^ a scale],

come oil in scales. Des-serf [F. duservir, to clear tlie table;

L. rfzs-, away, and sennre, to serve], fruits, etc., after dinner.

Des-ti-na'tion, place to which person or thing is going to or sent.

Des'tine fL. dSjtindre (p.p. distindtus), to destine], to design, mark out, determine beforehand.

Des'ti-ny, fate, fixed order. Des'ti-tute [L. dSsiituere (p.p. dcstUutils)^ to

leavQ alone; di, away, and siaiucre^ to

Blacel, absolutely without means or friends. lesficu'tion.

De-stioy* pj. de, down, and stniere (p.p. siructiis), to build], pull down or break up, put an cDd to.

De-stroy'er, torpedo-boat. De-struc'tion, act of destroying, ruin, Des'ue-tude (we=sw(f) [L. desuescere (p.p.

desuetxis), to grow out of use], disuse. Des'ul-to-ry h. desvltor, a circus-rider; d§^

down, and salxTe (p.p. saltus), to leap], disconnected, aimless.

De-tach' [F. ditacher; F. de, from; l^om. tacca, a nnil], separate.

De-tach'ment, separation, small body of troops detached for some duty.

De'tail [F, detail'^ detailler, to cut into pieces], pmall particular.

De-tail' [>'. de, from, tailler, to cut; see Tailor], coll off in particulars.

De-tain' [L. d§, down, tenere (p.p. tentus), to hold], keep back.

De-tecf [b. de, av7g.y, tegere (p.p. tcctus), to cover], find out.

De-tee'tivfl, one whcse business is to trace wrongdoing to the doer.

De-ten'tion [see Detain], a keeping back. De-tei' [iJ. de^ from, tcrrerc, to frighten],

hinder. [become worse. De-te'ri-o-iate [L. deterior, worse], make or De-tcr-mi-na'tion, ending, fised purpose. De-ter'niine [L. de, down, terminare (p.p.

termiratu,^), to bound, terminus^ a boundary], Bet bounds to, decide, resolve.

De-fer'rent (X^* dsterrens (-aitts), pr.p. of dHerrire, to deter], that which prevents; sucli as to prevent.

De-tesf flf. d^, down, testdn, to witness], hate. Detesta'tion.

Dethrone 59 Diet De-throne' p j . dis-, apart, ihromis (Gk.

ihTonos\ a chair], remove from a throne. Det-0-na'tioH [L. dS, from, and tonare (p.p.

tonatus). to thunclei*], esplosion with a report. Det'onator.

De-toui' (pu~oo) l^. dUoumer, to turn aside; seo Turu], a turning from a course.

De-tract' [L. dS^ away, and trahere (p.p. tTactus\ to draw], take away credit from, to decry.

Def ri-ment p . de^ down, terete (p.p. t'ntits)^ to rub], injury, damage. '

De-tli'tua [see Detriment], gathering of frag­ments worn off rocia.

Deuce [perh. P. deux, two (the deuce or two at dice being the worst throw], an evil spirit, demon, devil.

Dev-as-ta'-tion [L. de^ down, vastdre (p.p. vasMtus), to waste], a laying waste.

De-vel'Dp [F. dh-elopper^ etyra. dub., cf. It. 'dlti^'poy wrapping], unfold, lay open by degrees. Devel'opment,

De'vi-ate [L. devidre (p.p. dSvidtus\ to deviate; ds^ from, t'fa, a way], go out of the way.

De-vice' [Late L. dfvlswm, divlsa^ a division; L. dlvideret to divide], scheme, contrivance, emblem.

Dev"!! tCrk. diaboJos, a slanderer, a devil; diahallein, to slander, dia^ through, ballein, to throw], evil spirit, tormentor; seasoa higbly and broil. [indirect.

De'vi-ou3 [L. de, from, via^ a way], winding, De-vise' (3=z) [see Device], to plan. De-void' [short p.p. of obs. devoidy fr. O.F.

devuidier, to empty], not in possession of. De-volve' [L. de, down, volvere, to roll], pass

on, hand over. Devolu'tion, De-vote' [I<. dSy fully, vovere (p.p. vdtus)^ to

vow], vow to, give oneself up to. Dev-o-tee', one wholly given up to, De-vo'tion, act of worship, great love. De-vour' [L. de^ down, fully, vtyrare, to

swallow], eat up greedily, consume. De-vouf [O.F. devoti devoted; see Devote],

given to devotion. Dew [O.B. d^aic], moisture from the air con­

densed by cool bodies on their surfaces. Dew'lap [perh. from Dew, and O.E. loeppa^ a

lobe], the hanging skin under an ox's neck. Der-ter'i-ty [L. dexter, on the right-hand

side], sldll. Di-a-he'-tea tGlc dia, through, iainein^ to

go], disease marked by eice^ive dischai-ge from the bladder, [devilish.

Di-a^boVi-cal [Gk. diabotos, the devil], Di-ac'on-ate [li, diaconuSj a deacon], office of

a deacon, deacons. Di'a-dem [Gk. diadema, a fillet; dia^ apart,

deeiTij to bind], crown. Di-fier'e-sis (ce=i) [Gk. dia, apart, hairein^ to • take], mark (• •) over a vowel to show

that it is to be separately pronounced, Di-ag-nose' [Gk. dia^ between, gndsis, en­

quiry], know from symptoms, Diagnos'is. Di-ag'o-nal [Gk. dia, through, gGnia^ an

angle], "straight line between opposite angles of a figure; oblique,

Di'a-gram [Gk, dia, through, gramma, a letter], simple drawing to illustrate a state­ment or help in proving a proposition.

Di'al[L. £Zi«ii5, relating to a day; dies, a day], instrument on which the time is shown by a shadow, clock face.

Di'a-lect [G-k. dialeclos, speech, dialect; Gk. dia, between, legeirij to speak], local form of speech, [discussion.

Di-a-lec'tic (often in pi.) [see Dialect], logical Di'a-Iog^fc [Gk. dla, across, legein^ to dis­

course], conversation between two or more persons,

Di-am'e-ter [Gk. dia, through, mdTfm, a measure], straight line through the centre.

Di'a-mond [5I.E, and O.'S.diamant, doublet of Adamant], precious stone.

Di-a-pa'son [Gk. dia, through, -pas (gen. pi. 'pas6n)y all], whole range of tones in the musical scale, burst of harmony, compass of a voice or instrument, two chief founda­tion stops in an organ.

Di'a-per \(3tk, diaspros, pure white, dia^ wholly, aspros, white], figured lineu.

Di-aph'a-nous [Gk. dia, through, phanein, to show], allowing light to pass through.

Di'a-pliapm [Gk. dia, through, phragma, a fence], muscle which separates the ciiest from the abdomen.

Di-ar-rhe'a, Di-ar-rfaoe'a [Gk. dia, tlirough, rheein, to flow], peisistent looseness of the bowels.

Di'apry [L. diarium, a daily allowance; dies, a day], daily record.

Di-a-ton'ic [Gk. dia, through, tmios, a tone], proceeding by intervals of the natural scale.

Di'ar-tribe [Gk. dia, through, iribein, to rub], long abusive speech.

Dice, pi. of Die [see Die^], cubes of ivory used in gaming.

Dick'ey, Dicfc'y [etym. doubtful], di-iver's seat, seat behind a carriage, detached shirt"-front.

Dic'tate [L. dictare (p.p. dictatus), freq. of dicere, to say], authoritative direction, injunction. (XJsually pi., as dictates of con­science or reason) ; Dic-tate'> tell what to write or say.

Dic-ta'tion, that which is dictated, over­bearing conduct.

Dic'tion [L. dicere (p.p. dictits), to say], choice of words in writing or speech.

Dic'ticn-ar-y, book of words arranged alpha­betically with their meanings,

Dic'tum i(pl. dicta, dictums) [L. dictum, thing said], saying, formal pronouncement.

Di-dac'tic [Gk. didascein, to teach], teacliing, teaching moral lessons.

Die '^ [OJ^- de, pi, dez; L. dare (p.p. datus), to give], small cube.

Die 2 [iI.E. deghefii,\icv]\. fr. O.N. deyja, to die], pj^s from life.

Di'et' [Gk. diaita, mode of lifej diet], food, special food chosen for a patient, give special food to.

Di'et^ [M.L. dieta, assembly, day's work, perh, from Diet ]» assembly of the estate.

Differ GO Disabuse Differ [L. dif- idis-\ apart, ferre^ to carry],

be unlike, disagree. Dii'ler-ence, unlikeness, measure of unlike-

ness, disagi'eenienfc, remainder left affcer subtraction. [the diilerence.

Dii-ter-en'ti-ate iti~s?i) [see Difler], mark Dii'fl-cult, Iiard to do or to make-Diffi-eul-ty [I^. dis-, negative, and facilisy

easy], state of being difficult, difficult thing, (pi.) money trouble.

Diffl-dent [L. dw-, apart, fUere (pr.p. fidens, -eiitU), to trust], distrustful, modest. Diffidenoe.

DU-fuse' (s=2) [L. diS', apart, fundere (p.p. /iiS2is% to pour J, pour out and spread.

Du-fuse' (se=ss\ covering much ground, wordy. DiSu'sion.

Dig [perh. from F. diguer^ to make a dike, digiie, a dike], work with a spade.

Di'gest PJ. dis-y apart, gerere (p.p. gestus), to carry], summary-

Di-gest', prepare food in its passage through the body for nourisliing the body, classify, summarize.

Di'git [L. digitus, a finger], finger or toe, one of the ten symbols of number (0-9),

Dig'ni-fcf [XJ- dignuSj worthy,/acere, to make], mark with honour. [honour.

Dig'ai-ta-ry, one who has a position of Dig'ni-ty [L. dignus, worthy], stately bearing,

high honour. Di-gress' [L. digrcdt (p.p. dlgressus)^ to go

aside, di-^ apart, gradi, to go], turn aside. Dike, Dyke [O.E. dic]^ channel made by

digging, embankment, wall. Di-lap-i-da'tion [L. dl-, apart^ lapis (lapid-is)^

a stone], partial or complete ruin, Di-Iate' [L. dilatare, to dilate, cJt-, apart,

IStuSy broad], expand, enlarge. Dll^a-to-ry [L. dilMus, p.p. of difjerre^ to

detain], given to delay. Di-lem'ma [Q-k. (?i-, twice, lemma, an as­

sumption], difficult; position involving choice between two evils.

Dil-et-tan'te (pi.-ti=iee) [It. dilettante, from dilcltaro (L. dSUclare), to delight], a lover of the fine arts, usu. a trifler,

Dil'i-gence, steady application, public con­veyance in. SVanee, etc.

Dil'i-gent [L. dUigcre (pr.p. dUigens, -entis), to love, to select, dw-, apart, legere^ to choose], industrious.

Di-lute' [L. dis-, apart, luere, to wash], weaken by adding water, etc. Dilu'tion,

Dim [O.K. dim], not bright, indistinct. Dime [O.F. disme, from L. dccima, fem. of

decimus^ tenth], silver coin (10 cents) of ^the U.S.A.

Di-men'sion[L.£Zis-,from,77i(?fJn(p.p.ffle7WH5), to measure], measure in a single direction (length, breadth, or height).

Di-min'-ish [coined from L. di-, apart, and arch. U. minishy to lessen, in imitation of L. diminuere'l, make or become less.

Dim-i-nu'tion, making or becoming less. Di-niin'u-Hve,verysmall;aword/ormedfrcm

another to eirpress a little one of itb kind.

Dim'i-ty [G-k. di-, double, mitos^ a thread], cotton fabric witji raised pattern.

Dim'ple [perh. cogn, mth Ger. tumpel, a pool], slight depression.

Din [O.E. di/tie, cf. O.N. dynr], loud confused noise. [dinner.

Dine [L.L. dis-, apart, jejUnure, to fast], take Ding'hy, Dins'? (9 hard) [Bengali dengi, a

small boat], suiall extra boat of a ship. Din'gle [?], small deU. Din'go [native name, formerly ietTigo], wild

dog of Australia. Din'gy [E. orig. soiled with dung, dungy],

dark, soUed-looking. Din'giness. Din'ner [see DineJ, chief meal ol the day. Dint [O.B. dynt\ hollow made by a blow;

dint of, by fon:o of, by means of. Hi'O'CeSQ [Gk. di' (dia), through, and cni'os,

a house], district over which a bishop has authority. Dio'cesan (o short).

Di-Op'trics [Gk. dioptrut an optical instru­ment for taldug heights, etc.], scieuco of the refraction of light.

Di-o-iam'a [Gk, dia-, through, horama, a sight], show of pictures seen from a distance through a large opening.

Dip [O.B. dyp^aii], put into and take out of a liquid quickly ; act of dipping, slope.

Dipll-the'ri-a [Qk. diphthem, leather (the membrane)], dangerous disease of the throat.

Diph'thong [foimerly dipthong. Gk. d'e-, double, and phihoggos, sound], uuion of two vowel soimds.

Di-plo'ma Gk. diploos, double, probably from folded paper], writing conferring some power or honour,

Di-plo'marcy [see Diploma], art of conduct­ing the intercourse of nations, tact.

Dip-ao-man'i-a [Gk. dipsa, thirst, mania, madness], mad thirst for alcohol. Dipso-ma'niac.

Dire [I., d^tts, fearful], dreadful, dismal. Di-recf [t^. di- (dis-), apart, regere (p.p. rectus),

to rule], straight; point out the way, govern, address (a letter). Direc'tion.

Di-recf or, one who directs, one of a number who manage the aflairs of a company.

Di-rect'or-y, containing directions; book with na:nes of inhabitants of a district, etc.

Di-rect'or-ate, body of directors. Dirge [short for dirige (imper. of dmgere, to

direct), lirst word of an anthem in the Oflice for the Dead], funeral hymn,

Dir'i-gi-ble [L. dJrigerc, to du-ect], that can be guidod ; balloon that can be steered.

Dick [earlier dork, Perh. from Du. dolh, a dagger], dagger,

Dirt [M.B. drit\ prob. O.N. drit, dirt], any foul substance,

Dis-a-bU'i-ty, want of power, something that dfequalifies.

Dis-a'Me [L. dis-^ to imply reversal, apd Able], to unfit.

Dis-a-buse' iiisc=nze) [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Abuse], set free from mis­takes.

^S3 3 ^

Disadvantasre 61 Disenchant Da-ad-vau'tage' [U dis-, to imply revei'sal,

and Advant^e], something unfavourable, Bisadvanta'geous.

Dis-a!-Ieo'tion [L. dis-., to imply reversal, and Affection], unfriendliness, discontent.

Dis-a-gree' [L. dis-^ to imply reversal, and Agree], difEer.

Dis-a-gree'a-We, unpleasant. DiB-a-gree'ment, di^erence, quarrel. Dis-al-low* [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and

Allow]) r ^ s e to allow, reject. Dis-ap-peai' [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and

Appear], go out of sight. Disappear'ance. Dis-ap-poinf [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and

Appoint], defeat expectation, Dis-ap-pro-ba'tion [L. dis^^ to imply reversal,

and Approbation]^ disapproval, Dis-ap-prove' (pve=oi>v) [L. dis-, to imply

reversal, and Approve], regard or speak ot unfavourably. Disapprov^ah

Dis-arm' [L. diS'^ to imply reversal, and Arm], take away weapons or arms from.

Dis-ar-range' [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Arrange], put out of order.

Dis-a>ray' [L, dis-, to imply reversal, and Array], disorder, undress.

Dis-as'ter PL. dis- (with the sense, bad), and astrum, a star], great misfortune. Dis-as'trot^.

Dis-a-vow' [L. dis-j to imply reversal, and Avow], refuse to own.

Dis-band' [L. dis-, to umply reversal, and Band]j break up and scatter.

Dis-be-Keve' [L, dis-, to imply reversal, and Believe], hold not to be true.

Dis-burse' [O.F. desbourser; L. dis-, away; L.L. bursa, a purse], give out money. Disboi^e'inent.

Disc, Disk [Gk. discos, a plate, a quoit], flat round plate, anything r^embling this, apparently flat siulace of sun, moon, etc., any round luminous flat surface.

Dis-eard' [L. dis-^ away, and Card^], cast off as useless, dismiss.

Dis-cern' [L. dis-, apart, cemere (p.p. crSltis), to separate], see clearly, distinguish. DUcern'ible.

Dis-charge' [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Charge], unload, fire off, give forth, perform, dismiss, pay; firing off, performance, flow, unloading, dismissal, payment.

Dis-ci'ple [XJ. disdpulus^ a disciple; discere, to learn], learner, follower,

Dis'cip-line, training, punishment, or cor­rection and training.

Dis-d^m' [L. dis-, to imply reversal, atd Claim], give up or deny claim to.

Dis-olaim'er, disavowal. Dia-doSB' (s—z) [L. dis-, apart, and daudere

(p.p. clausus), to close], make known, reveal,

Dis-clos'uie (5^2). revelation, thing dk-closed.

Dis-col'our [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Colour], change the colour of, stain. Dis-col'ouration.

Dis-com'fit [O.F. desconfU (p.p. of desconfirc),

to discomfit; L. dis-, apart, and cmificere, to preserve], dcfoafc, foil. Diseom'fiture.

Dis-com'fort (com — ciun) [L. dis-, to imply the reverse, and Comfortj, want of comfort, uneasiness.

Dis'com-pose' is=£) [L. dis-, to imjily rever­sal, and Compose], disturb. Diseompos'ure.

Dis'con-ceit' [IJ. dis-, to imply reversal, and Concert'], throw into confusion.

Dis-con-nect'ed [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Connect], without connection.

Dis-con'so-latc [I». dis-^ apart, and cons^ldfl (p.p. consdlGtiis), to console], dispiiited, comfortless.

Dia'con-tenf [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Content], dissatisfaction.

Dis-con-tin'ue [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Continue], leave off. Discontiu'uance.

Dis'cord [L. dis-, apart, and COT (cord-is), the heart], disagreement, want of musical harmony. Discor'dant.

Dis'counti, something taken off an account. Dis-count' 2 [L. dis-, away, and Count], lend

money, abating discount, leave out of account.

Dis-conn'te-nance D . dis-, to imply reversal, and Countenance], show no favour to.

Dis-cour'age [L. dis-, apart, and Courage], dishearten, check.

Dis'cowrse, Dis-co«/rse' [F. discours; L. dis-, apart, currere, to run], speech, lecture, sermon, etc. [subject.

Dis-cowrse', speak or wiite at lengtii on a Dis-coux^te-ous [L- dis-, to imply reversal,

and Courteous], impolite. Dis-cov'er (o—ii) [L. dis-, apart, and Cover],

make known, find out. Dis-cred'it [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and

Credit], disbehef, dishonour; refuse belief to, disgrace,

Dis-creef [see Discern], wise and cautious. Dis-erep'an-cy [L. dis-, apart, crepdre (pr.p.

crepans^ -antis\ to make a noise, to crackle], want of agreement, difference. Djscrep'ant.

Dis-cre'tion (i?) [see Discreet], wise conduct, prudence, freedom of choice.

Dis-crim'i-nate [L. discrimindrc (p.p. dis-criminaius), to discriminate, fi'om dis-eemere, to discern], note differences in or between, distinguish; noting differences exactly, discerning.

Dis-crim-i-na'tion, nicety in noting differ­ences.

Dis-eur'sive [see Discourse], rambling. Dis-cuss' [L. discutere (p.p. disciissus), to

shake asunder; dis-, apart, q^tcdere, to shake], examine by a i lment , debate.

Dis-dain' [L. de, down, dignare, to think worthy], scorn, look upon with scorn.

Dis-ease [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Ease], illness.

Dia-em-park' [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Embark], to go or put ashore.

Dis-em-bod'ied [L. dis-, to-imply reversal, and Embody], without a body.

Dis-en-chanf [L- dis-, to imply revci-sal, and Enchant], to free from enchantment.

Disezig'ag^e 62 Display Dis-en-gage' p j . dis-j t o imply revei-sal, and

Engage], t o free from. Dfe-es-fab'Iish [L. dis-^ to imply reverEal, and

Establish], unsettle, break connection (as of Church with State).

DiS-fa'voi^r [L. dis-^ t o imply revei-sal, aud Favour]) a i sapproval ; withhold favour from, discountenance.

Dis-fig'ure [h. dis-^ negative, and Figure], mar form or beauty. Disfigura'tion, Dis-fig'urement.

Dis-fran'chise [L. dis-^ to imply reversal (of Enfranchise), and Franchise], tafee a w a y ' t he rights of citizenship.

Dis-gorge' [O.P. des- (L. dis-), away, and gorge, the t & o a t j , throw out from tiie throat , give up what has been wrongfully gained.

Dis-grace' p j . dis-^ apar t , gratia, grace], s h a m e ; bring shame to.

Dh'gDhQ' (Jse—ne) [L. dis-^ apar t , and Guise], dress worn for concealment; conceal by unusual dress or false appearance.

Dis-gusf [L. dis-, apar t , gustdre^ to tas te] , distaste, strong dislike; produce distaste.

Diah [L. disms, a plate], broad vessel to hold meat , food in a d i sh ; pu t on a dish for table,

Dis-Aab-iile', Des-Aab-ille' (illc=^eel) [F . d^shobilU, undress ; hubiller, to clothe], careless dress.

Dis-hcarf en U^- dis-, io imply reversal, and Hear ten] , lessen coinage and hope.

Dishev'el (e short) [obs- P . descheveler (now dScheveler), des (L. dis-\ apar t , chevel (now cheveu), L . capillm, hair)], to loosen the hair . Dishev'elled, in. loose disorder.

Dis-fton'est-y [L. dis-^ t o imply reversal, and Honesty], lack of honesty, fraud.

Dis-7iOn'oi(r [L. dis-^ to imply reversal, and Honour] , shame ; t r ea t as unworthy, bring shame on.

Dis-il-lu'sion, Dis-il-lu'sion-ize (si=zk) [L. dw-, t o imply revei^al, and Illusion], to free from false bu t pleasant beJiefe. Dis-iUu'sionment.

Dis-in^li-na' t iou [I ' , dis-, to imply reversal, and Inclination), unwillingness.

Dis-in-feet' [L. dis-^ t o hnplj- reversal, and Infect], cleanse fi'om infection,

Dis-iu-gen'u-ous [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Ingenuous], wanting in candour, in­sincere, having hidden motives.

Dis-in-her'it (X. dis-^ to I'mply reversal, and Inherit] , cut oft from inlieriting.

I>is-in'te-grate [L, dis-, to imply reversal ; integrdre (p.p. iVi/eyruiits), to make whole; integeTf whole], break up or cause to fall into pieces. Disintegia'tion.

Dis-in-ter' pii. dis-^ to imply reversal, and Inter] , bring out as from a grave or hiding-place.

Dis-in'tei-est-ed, free from selfish motive. Dis-joint'ed [Li. dis-^ to imply reversal, and

Jointed], separated a t the joints, uncon­nected,

Dis-junc'tion [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Junction], separation.

Dis-like' [L. dis-, to imply reversal, Eind Like^^], want of liking, f^trong feeling agains t ; have a feeling against,

Dis'lo-cate [L. dis-, apar t , aud locdre (p.p. locdlus), to put in place], put out of joint.

Dis-lodge' t"L. dls-.y to imply revci-sal, and Lodge], di'ive froia position, remove.

Dis-loy'al C^- ^ "•s*, to imply reversal, and XoyalJ, iiofc true (to one's king, e t c ) . Disloy'alty, [and sad.

Dis'mal (^=2) [XJ. dies mali, bad da3^], dull Dis-man'tle [0.>\ des- (L. dis-\ a p a r t ;

mantdJery to cloak], strip (of furniture, cannon, etc.).

Dis-may' (L. dis-^ to imply reversal; O.H.G-. magan, to be able], disabling terror ; deprive of vigour through fear.

Dig-mem'bei! [L. dis-, to impiy revci-sal, and Memher], t ake limb from luub. Dismem'* berment.

Dis-miss' [L. dls-, apart , and mittere (p.p. missm), t o send], send away, Dismiss'al.

Dis-mounf [IJ. dis-, to imply reversal, and Mount], get down (as fr-om a horee).

Dis-0-he'di-encs [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Obedience], refusal to obey. ^

Dis-o-hli'ging [L. d/s-, to imply reversal, and Obliging], unwilling to help or do kind things.

Dis-or'der [L. dis', t o imply revei-sal, and Order], upset, pu t out of order; con-fiLsion, iilne'HF,

Dis-or'gan-ize [L. dis-, to imply i-evei'sal, aud Organize], tlu-ow into disorder.

Dis-own' [l>. dis-, to imply reversal, and Own] refuse to own.

Dis-paE'ag6t0.1i'.de5-,apart,73«ra?e, equality: li , par, equal], undervalue, speak slight­ingly of. Dispar'agement,

Dis-pari-ty [L. dis-, apart , and F . pa?ite\ equal i ty ; L. par, equal], inequality. Dis ' -parate.

Dis-pas'sion-ate [L. dis; to imply revci-sal, and Passionate], without passion, cool.

Dis-patch', Des-patch' [Sp. despachar, to dis-patcl i ; Jj. dis-f ^'^&.y,pa.ngere (p.p. pactus), to fasten], send away, perform; a sending away, performance, speed, ofiicial letter,

Dis-pel' [1J. dis-, apar t , pcllere, to drive], drive away.

Dis-pen'sa-ry, place where medicines are preparfd and given out.

Dis-pen-sa'tion, dealing out, tha t which is deal tout , exemption from penalty or duty .

Dis-pense' [L. dis-, apar t , peiidere (p.p. pensus), to weigh], give out, make u]) (raedif ioe), do wiUioufc (followed by ^ntJi).

Dis-peise' [L. dispergere (p.p. dispersus), to disperse; dis-, apar t , sparf;ere, to scat ter] , scat trr . Disper'sal.

Dig-pir'it-ed r^. dis-, to imply reversal, and Spirited], discouraged.

Dis-place' [L. dis-, apar t , and Place], pu t out of pi'ice, t ake the place of. Displace'ment,

Dis-play' [.O.F. dispto>jer, to unfold ; L. dis-, apart , plicare, to fold], make a show; a show.

Displease 63 District Dis-please' (5=2) [L. dis-j to imply reversal,

and Please], oCend. Dis-port' (oceseli) [L. dis-^ away, poriare^ to

carry], sport, play. Dis-po'sal (s=z)j arrangement, getting rid of,

control, inanageToent. Dis-pose' [0.3? .dis'f apart, poser^ to place],

set in order, bestow, part \\'ith. Dis-po-si'tion [L. dis-, apart, ponere (p.p.

20silus)y to place], arrai^ement, tem­perament.

Dis-pos-sess' p j . dis', to imply reversal, and Possesa], put out of possession.

Dis'pro-por'tion [L. dis-, apart, and Propor­tion], want of proportion. Dispropor'-tionate.

Dia-piove' (ove^oov)h^dis-, to imply rever­sal, and Prove], prove to.be false.

Dis'pu-tant, one who engages in a dispute. Dis-pute' [Lr. dis-f apart, pittdre, to thini],

argue against, discuss, call in question; debate, quarrel. Disputa'tion.

Dis-quaI'i-1^ (a=aic) [L. dis-, to imply re­versal, and Qualiiy]j make unfit, pronounce unfit.

Dis-aui'et [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Quiet], uneasiness.

Dis'<i.'Qi-si'tioi!. [L. dugwirerc (p.p. disqulsiim\ to examine; dis-, apart, qucerere, to seek], formal inquiry into or discussion of a subject.

Dis-re-gaid' [L^ dis-, to imply reversal, and Regard], pay no lieed to, neglect.

Dis-rerisn [h' dis~, to imply reversal, and Relish], distaste.

Dis-re-pair' [IJ. dis-, implying reversal, and Repair],bad conditionfrom want of repairs.

Dis-rep'u-tarble [L. dis-, to imply reveraal, and Reputable], of bad repute, low,

Dis-re-spect' IL. dis-, to imply revei-sal, and Respect], want of respect, discourtesy.

Dis-robe' [-L. dis-, to imply reversal, and Robe], undress.

Dis-rup'fion [L. di?-, apart, ntmpere (p.p. ruptus), to break], a breaking asimder. Disrup'tive.

Dis-sat'is-fy [L- dis-, to imply reversal, and Satisfy), fail to satisfy,

Dis-secf [L. dis-, apart, secdre (p.p. sectus), to cut], cut into separate parts. Dissec'tion.

Dis-sem'ble [L. dis-, away, simuldre, to pre­tend], hide under false seeming.

Dis-sein''iu-ate [L. di^s-, apart, semindre, to sow; semen, seed], spread, scatter.

Dis-sen'sion, disagreement, strife. Dis-sent' [L. dis-, apart, senttre, to feel], dis­

agreement ; diJEEer in opinion. Dis-sent'er, one who dissents, esp. from the

doctrines of an established chlu-ch. Dis-sen'tient (J-i= sK), declaring dissent; one

who expresses dfeagreement-Dis-ser-ta'tion [L. dissertare (p.p. dissertdins'),

to debate; dis-, apart, and screre, to join], argumentative discourse.

Dis-sev'er [O.F. dcssevrer; L. dis-, asunder, and Sever], sever, divide. [disagreeing.

Dis'sid-ent [IJ. dis-, apart, scdere, to sit],

Dis-sim'i-lar pj . dis-, implying reversal, and similis, like], unlike.

Dis-sim'u-late [h. dis-, to implj^reveraal, and Simulate], put on a fals^ appearance, pretend not to feel or have. Dissimola'-tion.

Dis-si-pa'tion [L. dissipdre (p,p. dissipatus), to disperse; dis-, apart), and L. sipdre, to throw], scattering, wasteful spending, frivolous amusement, intemjierance,

Dis-SO'ci-ate ic=sh) [L. dis-^^ apart, and sociare, to associate; socius, a fcompanionj, separate, disconnect, [conduct,

Dis'so-lute [see Dissolve], loose in morals and Dis-SO-Iu'tion, act of dissolvintj, death. Dis-solve' [L. dis-, apart, ana solvere (p.p.

solutus), to loosen], separate into parts, break up, melt in liquid (as salt in water), liquefy, disappear.

Dis'son-ance C ' dis-, apart, und sonarc, to sound], discord. Dia'sonant.

Dis-snade' (H=W) [D. dis-, apart, and suadere, to persuade], advise against.

Dis'tafi CO.E. dismf^ distaff; I ow G. diesse^ a bimch of flax on a distaff; o.E. stwf,o, staff), staff from which wool or flas is drawn in spinning by hand.

Dis'tanoe [L. dv- (for di&-\ apcwrt, aad stdre (pr.p. stans), to stand], space between two places, state of being far away; leave behind (as in a race).

DiS"taste' [L. dis-, to imply reversal, and lastej, dislike.

Dis-tem'per tl^. dis-, apart, temperare, to regulate], disease of dogs, preparation of paint tempered with weak size.

Dis-tend' [L. dis-, apart, tendet-e, to stretch], stretch from within. Disten'tion.

Dia'tic^ [Gk. di- dis-), doubly, and stichos^ a line], two lines of verse, couplet.

Dis-til' [L. dis-, apart, and smiare, to drop], fall in drops, turn to vapoui.* by heafc and condense by cold.

Dis-til'Ier-y, works where distilling of alco­holic spirits is carried on.

Dis-tinct' [see Distinguish], marked, different. Dis-tinc'Kon, diffierence, eminence, honour. Dis-tjn'guish [L. dis', apart, and siingu^e

(p.p. stinclm), to extinguish], mark off, see differences, to honour.

Dis-tort' [L. dis-, apart, and torqucre Qj-p. tortus), to twist], twist out of shape.

Dis-tracf [L. dis-, apart, and trahcre (p.p. tractus), to draw], draw awjiy (tl^ mind, etc.). Distrac'tion.

Dis-train' [L. efi-(for dis), apart, and stringere (p.p. strictus), to draw tight], seize (goods) for debt. Distrainf.

Dis-tresa' [O.F. destrece; see Distrain], misery, distraining; cause pain.

Dis-trib'ute [L. dis-, apart, ancj iHbiiej'c (p.p. tribUtiis), to a^ign], divide among several. Distrib'utive.

Dia'trict [M.L. disirictus, juri^cliction, from distrijifjere; see DistrainJ, defined portion of a state, town, etc., tract of land of undefined extent,

Distrust 64 Domain Dis-trust' [L,, diS' to imply reversal, and

TrustJs want ot trust; have no trust in. Dis-tuib' 111. dis-y apart, and iurbure^ to

disorder; iurba^ a crowd], throw into dis­order, tai:e away calmness, interrupt.

Dis-turb'ance, disquiet, tumult. Dis-u'niou [-L. d^s-, to imply reversal, and

Union], lacic of, or end o , union. Dis-use' (s sharp) [L. dis-^ to imply reversal,

and Use], cessation cf use. Dis-nse' (5=^), cease to use. Di-sylla-ble, Dis-syl'Ja-Ue [Gk. dz- (for (?&?-)>

twice, syilabSy a syllable], word of two syllables. Disyllab'ic, [digging.

Ditch [O.E. dlc\^ long, narrow hole made by Dith'y-raia& iOrk. dithyTumbos, hymn in

honour of Bacchus], poem written in wild, enthusiastic strains.

Difto [It. diito^ detto^ that which has been said ; L. dtcere (p.p. dictu-s)y to say], same as aforesaid.

Dif ty [O.F. ditSy ditty; L. dicHUum^ neut. of dictaliiSy p.p. of dictaTCy to dictate], little poem to be sung.

Di-xii'nal [L. dium&lis, daily; dics^ a day], relating to the daytime, daily.

Di-va-ga'tion [L. dl- (for dis-)^ apart, vag&ri (p,p,rfl^a/?M), to wander], wandering about.

Div-an' [Pers, devd,n, a tribunal; Arab, divan^ a tribunal, a royal court], council of state (in some Eastern countries), fijsed low sofa.

Dive [O.E. dfjfan, to immei'so], plunge head foremost.

Di-verge' fL. di' (ior dU-\ apart, and VetgBl, extend or go from the same point in dif­ferent directions, Diver'geneo.

Di'vers [L. dl- (for dis-), apart, and vertere (p.p. versus\ to turn], several, various.

Div-erse', Di-verse' [see Divers], difierent. Di-ver'ai-j^ [L. divcrsus, diverse, facerey to

malie; see Divers], give variety to. Di-ver'sion, act of turning from, amusement, Di-vei'si-ty, variety. Di-verf ti* dl- (for dis-"), apart, vertere (p.p.

versus)^ to turn], turn aside, anmse. Di-vesf [L. dl- (for dis-\ apart, and vesture, to

clothe], strip, deprive. Di-vide'lL. dlvidme (p.p. dlvisus% to divide,

part asunder, give in shares. Div'i-dend, number to be divided, share of a

sum divided (debts, profits, etc.) that falls to each person,

Div-i-na'tion, foreseeing of events. Di-vine' [L. dlvimis; allied todivus, deus, godj,

of or belonging to God, godlike; foretell, gue^, detect.

Di-vin'i-ty, nature of God; a god ; science which treats of God.

Di-vis'i-ble (5=<), that can be divided. Di-vis'ion isi=zh\ act of dividing, state of

being divided; body of soldiers. Di-vorce' [IJ. d^vortere, same as du'crterc;

see Divert], separation by law of husband and wife; separate, put away.

Di-vulge' [L. dl- (for dis-'), apart, and vulgdre, to publish; vulgics, the people], disclose, tell (a secret),

Diz'zy [O.B. df/sig, stupid], having a whirling feeiins in the head. Diz'zdness. [clieat.

Do (p~oo) [0.13. ddn, to do], perform, act, Do'cUe [I/, doccrr, to teach], easily taught.

Docil'ity. Dock 1 fO.E. doccif], ^eed. Dock 2 [Flem. dok, a rabbit-hutch], enclosure

for an accused person in court. Docks [Du. docke, a harbour], basin for

shipping, closed sidins" t railway station. Dock 4 [Icel. dockr, a stumpy tail], cut

short. Dock'et [perh. allied to Dock'*], label or

endorsement containing a summary of a document.

Doo'tor [I/, doclor, a teacher,* docere^ to teach], highest university title of honour for the learned, pliysician; treat medically, tamper with.

Doc'trin^- \X'' doctrina, learning; see Doctor], that which is taught, principle of faith.

Doc-frin-airc', one who holds a theory and attempts to apply it without considering suitability ol circumstances.

Doc'u-nient [L. docSre, to teach], original or official paper. [trick.

D&ilge [?], avoid by starting aside ; cunning I>oe [O.E. dd, perh. fr. h. damn, a deer],

female deer, Doff [short for do oj^, take off. Dog [O.ljl, docga], domestic animal of many

kinds; follow closely, Doge (ddj) [it, doge, form of docc, a duke;

L. duo: (dvc-is), a leader], chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa.

Dog'ged, obstinately determined. Dog'ger-el ['0, loose, irregxilar, trivial vei^o. DoS'ina. IQk. dogma, an opimon], that wliich

is held as undoubtedly true. Do^-mat'ic, asserting positively, Dog'ma-

tism. [napkin. Doi'ly, Doyley [fr, name of inventor], small Doit [Du. du\€\, very small sum or coin. Dolei [0.13, dAl, variant of Deal], tliat which

is dealt out, alms. Dole^ [I>- dolerc, to grieve], grief. Dole'ful, sorrowful. Doll [fr. HoUf for Dorothy/, toy man,

woman, or child. Dol'lar [-Du, daler; Ger, thaler (short for

JoacMmsthaler^ made from silver found in Joa-chimsthal, Joachimsdale], coin of the U.S.A. and other countries.

Dol'man [Turk, dolamayi], kind of robe open in front.

Dol'men [F., perh. fr. Corn, dvll, a hole ; 7nen, stone], tvi'o upright stones with a thii-d acroso them.

Doro-raite [l^ geologist, Dolomfeit], kind of rock found in the Tyrol.

DoVor-ous [sec Dole^], sorrowful. Dol'phin [earUer delphin; Gk. dcJphiSj a

dolphin], small kind of whale. Dolt (y) [perh. fr. Dull], blockhead. Do-main' [L. do?ninicus, belonging to a lord;

domi!ni3f a lord], territory governed, estate.

Dome 65- Pragroon Dome [It. duomOy a cathedral; L. domus, a

house], arched roof like a hali-sphere. Do-mes'tic [L. domus, a house], belonging to

or fond of home, tame. Do-mes'ti-cate, accustom to home life, tame. Dom-es-ti'ci-ty, home life. [residence. Dom'i-cile [L- do?mts, a house], place of Dom'i-nant V^. dominans (-antis)^ pr.p. of

dommSrij to rule], ruling, fifth tone of the musical scale. Domina'tion.

Dom'i-nate [L. domindri (p.p. doniinutus), to rule, domi7ivSy a lord], to rule.

Dom-i-neer' [Du. domineren; L. domindri, to rule], rule insolently.

Doni''ia-ie [fr. vocative of L. domimis^ a master], Scots name for schoolmaster.

Do-min'ion [L. dominus^ a lord], power of governing, country wliich is governed.

Dom'i-no [F. domino, perh. fr. L. doininus, a lord], kind of mask, dotted piece of ivory used in a game,

Don [short for do on\, put on. Don [Sp. don \ L. dominus, a lord], Spanish

title. ' [gift. Do-na'tion [L. dondre (p.p. dondtus), to give], Don'jon [old spelling of Dungeon], chief tower

of a castle. Don'key [perh. fr. Dun,^ with double

dim.], ass. Do'nor [L. dOndre^ to give], giver. "* Doom [O.E. drfm], sentence by a judge, fate;

condenan. Door (00=0) [O.E. duru% entrance v/ay, frame

of boards in an entrance. Dope [Du. doo;p, sauce], stupefying drink;

to drug (slang). Dor'ic [d i 'lf ct of ancient G-reece, Gk.

Donkos], an order of architecture; rustic, simple.

Dor'mant [O.F. (for;nan(,, pr.p. of dormir, to sleep], sleeping, imexercised (of a right), lying inactive.

Dor'mer [L. dormire, to sleep], upright window in a sloping roof,

Dor'mi-to-ry [L. dormlTe, to sleep], sleeping-room for several.

Dor'mouse [perh. fr. F. dormir, to sleep, and Mouse], mouse-like animal which sleeps through the winter. ' [back.

Dor'sal [L. dorsum, the back], on or near the Do'ry [also John Dory. Dory probably from

P. dor&e, fem. p.p. of dorer, to gild], kind offish.

Dose (s=ss) \Qrk. dosis, a giving, didonai, to give], quantity of medicine to be taken at one time; give medicine to.

Dot [O.E. doit, head of a boil], small point as made with a pen.

Do'tage [fr. Dote], childishness of old age. Do'taid, one whose mind is weakened by age. Dote [cf. M. Du. doten'], be foolishly fond. Doub'le [L. duplus, double; \duo, two, and

-plus, allied to plenum, full],'twofold; fold in two, multiply by two, turn in running.

Doublet [see Double], close-fitting garment for men, one of t^'o words of same origin but dhXerent in sense. - '

Doub-loon' [Sp. dohlon; doblo, double; see Double], Sp. gold coin, double of a pistole.

Dou&t [O.F. douie (n.) doutcr (vb.); allied to L. diibius, doubtful], unsettled state of belief; be unresolved, question the, truth of.

DoUH3eur' (pu==oo) [F. douceur, sweetness], gratuity, tip.

Douche (posh) [F. douche ; It. doccia, a water-pipe], jet of water apphed to the body.

"Dough (doh) [O.E. ddh], paste of bread. DoufirA-'ty [O.E. dohtig; ditgan, to be worth],

strong and brave. Dough'tiness. Dove (pve~-ilv) [perh, cogn. with O.E. d'ifan,

to plunge into], kind of pigeon.' Dove'cot or -cote (pve^iiv), house for pigeons. Dove'tail (0=^), kind of interlocking joint;

to join by such. DoVa-ger [O.F. douagere, dowager; douage,

an endowment], titled widow who has been succeeded in her title.

DoTi/dy [obs. do^ad, a slut], shabby, lacking in smartness.

DowjBrj:[O.F. douaire, dower; L. ddtdre, to endow], provision for a widow on a husband's death. •'Dow'erless. >

Dow'Ias [fr. Dovlas^ in Brittany], kind of coarse linen. '

Down \03^, dun, do\vn], outgrowth of fine hair, etc., fi'om animals and plants.

Down (mostly in pi.) [O.E. dun, a hill; cf. Irish dun, Gael, dun, W. din, a hill-fort], hillock of sand, wavy grassy upland.

Down [corruption of adoicn; O.E. of ddne, of the hill], from higher to lower.

D,Own'right, plain, absolute. Dow'iy [fr. O.F. as Dower], bride's portion

•on her marriage. Dox-ol'o-gy [Gk, doxa, glory, legein, to speak],

short hymn or prayer of praise to God. Doze [cf. Dan. 'dose, to make dull; O.N. dusa,

to doze], sleep lightly, be half-asleep. Doz'en (o=rt) [O.F. dozeine; TJ. duodechn,

twelve], set of twelve. Drab [F. drap, cloth], colour between gray

and brown. DracAm, Dram [L, drachma; Gk. drachme

(used both as weight and coin); Gk. drassesthai, to grasp], small weight.

Dra-COn'i-an [Gk. legislator, BracOji], harsh, cruel.

Drafl [ILE. draf], dregs, dregs of malt after brewing.

Draft [see Draught], written order for pay­ment of money, soldiers detached from an army.

Drag [perh. variant of Draw], draw slov.iy along; retarding contrivance fixed to a wheel in going downhill.

Drag'gle [see Drag], hang trailing in mud, etc., lag in the rear.

Drag'o-man [F. dragomaji; O.Arab, tar-gumdn, dragoman], an interpreter.

Drag'on [Gk. dracSn, dragon], winged monster in fable, [soldier.

Dia-goon' [F. dragon, carbine], cavalry

Drain Dubbin Drain [O.E. drmhn ian^ cogu. with Dry], draw

oft or How ofi. by degrees; channel for clra\viijg oil.

Drake [cf. Ger. dial, drank], male of the duck. Dram tsee Drachm], drachm, as mucii spirits

as is diunk at once, Diam^a [Gk. dmifuri draein, to do], literary

composition for acting. Dra-mat'ic, Dram'atize.

Diape [I^ drap^ cloth], cover with or arrange folds of cioth.

Dra'per, one who sells cloth. Dra'pery. Dras'tic [Qk. drasticos, fr. dracin, to draw],

severe, violent. Draught (draft) [M.E. draJit; O.E. dragan,

to draw], act of drawing or pulling, liquor drunk at once, sketch, depth to which a floating ship sinks, current of air, (pi.) game on a checkered board. Draughts'-man, Draught'iness.

Draw [O.E. dragan], pull cub or along, sketch. Draw'back, hindrance, esicise duty paid back. Draw'bridge, bridge which can be raised

or turned aside. DraVer, box in a case from which it may bo

drawn. Drav/ing-room [contracted from to-itk-

draiDii>g-rooyn% joom to wliich company witlidraws from the dining-room,

Drawl (freq, of Draw], speak in a sfow dragging way.

Dray [O.E, dra'ge^ fr. dragan, to draw], strong low cart.

Dread [AT.E, dredcn, dra^den% fear; to fear. Dread'nought (pugh=aw\ Idnd of large

modern battleship. Dream [cf. Ger. irauni^ vision in sleep; have

dreams. Drear'y (*?a=ec) [O.E. drSorig^ sad; drior,

gore], cheerless. Drea'riness. Dredge [O.E. dragan, to draw], drag (from

the bottom of the sea, etc.). Dredge [fr. obs. dredge^ sweetmeat; O.F.

dragee], sprinkle flour, etc. Dregs (cf. Icel, dreggy pi. dreggjar, dregs],

grounds, Drench [O.E. drencan, causative of drincan^

to drink], wet thoroughly. Dress [O.F. dresser, tr. L. dirigere (p.p.

dlrectm), to direct], clothes, a gown; clothe, prepare for use, treat (wounds) with bandages, etc.

Dress'er, hospital assistant who diesses wounds.

Dress'ei [O.F. dresseur; dresser^ to dress], low cupboard for dishes, etc.

Drib'ble [freq. of drU, obs. form of Drip], fall, or let fall, in drops.

Drift [O.E. drifan, to drive], be driven (as) by wind or water; that which is driven, general meaning,

Drill 1 [Da. driUen, to pierce, to train soldiers], boring tool, regular exercise for training, furrow; to bore, exercise regularly.

Drill 2 [earlier t nVKnt/; G:(hv.driUich\ li.irilix^ fr. tri-^ three, and ilcium, a thread], linea fabric,

Drink [O.E. drinca7i], liquid to be swallowed; swallow liquid.

Drip [O.E. dryppan], fall in di-ops. Drive [O.E. drlftm], force, ru'-h. convey in a

carriage; joiu-my in n carriige, driving road.

Driv'el [O.E. drcJiUm], slaver, tulk weak nonsense.

Driv'er, wooden-headed golf-club for driving long distances,

Driz'de [O.E. drcosan^ to drip], rain ia. very fine di'ops.

Droll [5) [F, drdle, a waggii=h fellow; etyra. doubtful], queer, comic. DroU'ery (<?)•

Drom'e-da-ry [L. dromas; L.L. dromedurius; Gk. dromas, ii runner], a swift camel of the Arabian breed, usually one-humped,

Drone [O.E. dran^ drcen], male bee, lazy person, part of a bagpipe, monotonous utterance; make deep monotonous sounds.

Droop [O.N. dr.ijja], to sink or hang down. Drop [O.E. dropa]^ liquid globule, sudden

descent; pour in drops, let fall, have done with (a person).

Drop'sy [formei'ly ydropsie; Gk. hydrdpsy fr. hydOr, water], unuatui-al collection of water in any part of the body.

iSiQsh'ky, Dros'ky fBa<i5, dri^^Mi^ dim, of drogi, a waggon], Hussian low four-wheeled carriage, Gtcrman cab,

Dross [O.il. drt^s], waste from metals in smelt­ing, refuse.

Drouf/?tt [O.E. driigad, fr. dnjge, dry], diy-uess,

Drove [see Drive], animals driven in a body. Drown [perh. fr. drunken,p^p. of Drink; cf.

AT. Dan. dntkne, to di'own; OM. drukna, to sink, to be drowjied], drench, perish or cause to iwrish in water.

Drew's? (s=J) [prob. cogn. with O.E. dmsian, to be slugi dsli], sleepy.

Drub'bing [perh. fr. Arab, darb^ a beating with a stick], sound beating,

Drudge [perh, cogn, with O.E. driogan, lo work, lo endure], one who does Iiard, tire­some work; work as n. drudge. Drud'gery.

Drug [F. drogue, a drug; etym, dub,], sub-stance used as a medicine.

Drug'get [E. droguet; etym. doubtful], coarse woollen cloth.

Drug'gist, one who buys and sells drugs. Drum [ct. Du. trom; imit.], musical instru­

ment, small cyliixdrical box, part of the ear.

Drunk'ard [B.], one who takes too much strong drink. Drunk'enness.

Drupe [!•'• drupa; Gk. dryppa, an over-ripe olive], stone-fruit.

Dry[O.E.dri/?c], having little or no moisture ; free fr become free ii-om moisture.

Dr/ad [Gk. dryas dryad-os), a dryad; drys^ a tree], wood-nymph.

Dr/salt-er, dealer in dyes, chemicals, etc. Du'al [E. ditulis, dual; dito, two], consisting

of two, twofold. Du'alism, Dub [?1, confer knighthood on, entitle, Dub'biu, Dub'bing [f r. Dub], grease for leather.

Dubious 67 Dyspepsia Du'M-ous [L. diibiosiis, diihius^ dubious; duo^

t^ojj imcerfcaln. Dubi'ety, Du'cal, of or connected with, a duke. Duc'at [It. ducato^ a ducat,, a duchy, fr.

L.L. ducuiiis (duchy of Apulia)], coin, cither of gold or silrer (uo longer in use).

Duch'ess \y?.duchesse\ Lato L. dudssa\ see Duke], wife of a diike, female sovereign of a duchy.

Duch'y \0.V, ducM; Late L. duc5.tus; see Duke], dominion of a duke.

Duck [O.E. ducc\^ water-fowl. Duck [Du. docck^ canvas], kind of coarse

cloth. Duck [JI.E. dip)iike], lower the head suddenly. "DxxfitlL.ducereiy.^i. ductus), to lead], tube for

conveying liquid, canal in body. Duc'tile \IJ' duccre (p.p. ductus)^ to lead],

easily led, that can bo drawn out. Duc-tU'ity.

Dud [a war-word], a shell that hag nob exploded, ineffective person.

Dud'geon [?], anger, displeasure. Due [O.r. (?r«, fern, deiie (p.p. of devoir)^ to

owe], owing ; that which is owing. Du'el [F. fr. L. duellum (old form of helium,

war), duo^ two], light with weapons between two.

Du-en'na [Sp. fr. duc^a^ fr. Ti. dondna., mis-tress], chief lady-in-waiting on the Queen of Spain, elderly woman in charge of the gkls of a Spanish family, chaperon.

Du-et' [Ital. duetto, dim. of duOy a duet; h. duo, two], musical composition for two performers.

Duffel, Duffle [fr. Buffcl in Brabant], coarse woollen cloth.

Dug-out [see Dig], canoe made by hollowing tree-trunk; underground shelter from fire of the enemy.

Duke [F. due; l l dux (due-is) a leader], in Britain one of the highest order of nobility, in some countries a reigning sovereign, Duke'dom.

Dul'cet [L. dulcis, sweet], sweet to the ear. Dul'ci-mer [IJ. dulce jnelos, sweet sound],

stringed musical instrument. Dull [M.B., cf. O.E, dol, mad], stupid, blunt,

not clear; make or become dull. Dulse se^^ss) [Irish and Gael, duileasff], sea­

weed that may be eaten. Du'ly, as it (anything) ought to be, at the

proper time. Dumi> [O.E. dumblfUob able to speak, silent. Dumb'bens, double-headed weights used in

gymnastics. Dum-found', Dum^-found', Dum-found'er

[fi*. Dumb and Confound], strike dumb with astonisliment.

Dum'my [fr. Dumb], dumb peraon; sham article.

Dump [cf. Dan. dutrvpe; INorw, dttmpa^ to fall plump], throw down, unload; heap,

Dumps [V], low spirits. Dnmp'ling [double dim. of prov. E. dump,

a lump], pudding of suet paste. Domp'y [?], short and stout.

Dun^ [perh. allied to Din], pro^ for payment; one who duns.

Dun2 [O.E. dun; cf. Irish and Gael, donn\ W. dwn], greyish brown,

Dunce [fr. John -Duns Scotns], one slow at learning.

Dune [O.Du. dune I akin to O.E. dun, a down], sandhill on the sea-coast.

Dun'geon [E. donjon; Late L. domnio, a dungeon-tower], place of confinement usually underground.

Du-o-de'ei-mo (0 [L, duodecimus, twelfth], book-size with each leaf the twelfth of a printing-sheet,

Du'o-Iogwe [Gk, duo, two, logos, speech], converfaafcion between two.

Dupe [perh. P. dupe, a hoopoe (a S. Euro­pean bird)], one who is cheated ; impose on.

Du'pli-cate [L. duplicdre (p.p. duplicatns), to double; duplex, twofold], double; that which is exactly like something else; make a copy of.

Du-pU'ci-ty [L. duo, two, plicdre, to fold], double conduct, acting deceitfully.

Dur'a-ble [L. durns, hard], lasting. Dura-bil'ity.

Du'rance [F, durance, duration; durer, to last], imprisonment.

Du-ra'tion [L, dUrare (p.p. dUratvs), to last], time of lasting,

Dur'bar [Pers. and Hind, darbar, a court], state reception in India,

Du-iesse', Du-ress' [obs. F, duresse; L. durus, hard], imprisomnenfc, hardship.

Dusk [il.E. dose, fr, O.E. dox, of, Norw. ditsk, mist], twilight.

Dusk'y, partially dark, dark-coloured, Dust [O.E. dust, powdered earth, etc.;

sprinkle with dust or powder, remove da-st. Du'teous [see Due], obedient. Du'ti-a-ble, liable to customs duty. Du'^ [see Due], what one ought to do,

respect, tax, Dwarf [O.E. dweorh], one much below the

common size; make small, make to appear small.

Dwell [O.E. dwellan, to lead astray, dwelian^ to delay, to dwell], live in a place, continue; (with on), treat at length in speech or writing.

Dwell'ing, house for living in. Dwiu'dle [obs. dmnc\ O.E.dwman.],become

less. Dye [O.E. diag], colouring matter; to colour. Dy-nam'ics [Gk. dynamicos, powerful,

dynamis, power], science of matter and force. [explosive.

Dyn'a-mite [Gk. dynamis, power], powerful D/na-mo [Gk. dynamis, power], machine

for producing electric currents. Dyn'i^-ty [Gk. dynasteia, lordship], race of

sovereigns of the same family. Dynas'tic. Dys'en-te-ry [Gk. dys-, bad, and entera,

bowels], disease of the intestines. Dye-Bep'si-a [Gk. dys-, bad, and peptein, to

cook], indigestion. Dyspep'tic

Each 68 Efflorescence

E Each[O.E. ^fc, each (short for dghcUe^ aye-

likc, ever like)], every (one) taken separately.

Ea'ger ig hard), t^- aw^^ \ L- acris^ sharp], keen, impatiently desirous.

Ea'gle [O.r. aigle\ L. aquila^ eagle], large bird of prey,

Ea'gre [?]»largo tidal wave. [corn. Ear [O.E. iare]^ organ of hearing; spike as of Eorl [O.B. eorl\ of. O.N. jarl], third title of

nobility in Great Britain and Ireland. Ear'ly [O.E. Arlke, early; ar, positive o£

Sir, ere, liCf like], in good time or season, near the first, forward, not late.

Earn [O.E. ge-camianl, deserve or receive as wages. [seriousness.

Ear'nesfc [O.E. eomustly warnily eager; Eai'nest [M.E. ernes, erles, arles; L. arrha,

a pledge], a pledge, Earth [O.E. eorthe], world, land, soil; to

connect mth the earth (wireless term). Ecrrth'en-ware, ware made of clay. Earth'au^e, faking of the earth. Eai''Wig [O.K. iarwicga, fr. iare, ear, wicga^

an earwig], kind of insect. Ease (s=z) [O.F, aise\ orig. unknown],

freedom ixora. pain, trouble, or constraint; to rdieve, to relax. Ease'ment,

Ea'sel (5=2) [Du. ezel, an ass, also an easel], framework to hold a canvas upright.

East [O.E. ^astan^ iast'\^ the quarter where the sun rises.

Easf er [O.E. eastre, perh. fr. O.E. Eostre^ the goddess of dawn or spring, in whose honour a yearly festival was held in April], time of year when. Christ's resurrection is com­memorated.

Ea'sy, comfortable, not difficult. Eat [O.E. eto?i], take food; wear away. Eaves [O.E. c/es], overhanging edges of a roof. Eaves'drop-per. secret listener. Ebb [O.E. ehha\y flowing back (of the tide,

etc.), flow back. Eb'o-ny [L. hebeninus; Gk. ebeninos^ ebon],

hard, black wood. Eb-ul-li'tion [L. e, out, hullire (p.p. hullUus),

to boil], a boiling up, outburst. Ebui'lient. Ec-cen'tric [Gk, cc, out of, centron, centre],

having the axis out fi-om the centre, odd. Eccentric'ity,

Ec-cle'si-as'tie [Gk. ccdesia, an assembly, a church], clei^yman or priest.

Ec-cle'si-as'tic-al, relating to church. Ech'e-lon (ch^^sh) [!<', dchelon; tchetle, L.

scala, a ladder], formation, of troops in parallel divisions, each, with its front clear of that in advance.

Eeh-id'na (cA=Jt) [Glc echidna^ a riper], Australian animal like a hedgehog,

EQ/I'O [Gk, echS, sound], reflected sound; resound. [siiccess.

fi-elat' (ai-kla') [F. e'dafj^ brilliancy of Ec-lec'tie [Gk. edectkos; ec, out, and legein,

to choose], selecting from various systems.

E-cIipse' [Gk. cc, out, leipcin, to leave], cut­ting off of the li^ht of one of the heavenly bodies by some olher body, loss of light; darken, tla-ow into the shade, surpass.

E-dip'tic [see Eclipse], seeming path of the sun round the earth.

Ec'logite [Gk. cdegein, to select; see Eclectic], pastoral poem in which shepherds talk together.

E-con-om'ics [see Economy], science dealing with the production and distribution of wealth.

El-con'o-my [Gk. oicos^ a house, nemdn, to manage], household management, orderly management, thrift. Econom'ical, Econ'-omist* Econ'omi^.

Eo'sta-sy [Gk. ec, out, stasis, a standing], state of being beside oneself, excess of joy, fear, etc. Ecstat'ic.

Ec-Ti-men'ic-al, CEc-u-men'ic-al [Gk, oicu-menico'i, univei-sal, oicos, a house], general, representing the Christian world.

Eo'ze-ma [Gk. el, out, zaein, to bo'l], inflam­mation of the skin,

Ed'dy [?], small whirlpool. Edge [O.E. ecgl^ cutting part of a knife,

etc, border; move sideways. Edg'ing, Ed'i-ble [L. edere, to eat], eatable. E'diot [L. e, out, dlcere (p.p. dictus), to speak],

public command by a supreme authority. Ed'i-flce (icc=iss) [F. idijke; see Edify], a

building. Ed'i-fy [L. cedes, a building, facere, to make],

instruct and improve. Ediflca'tion. Ed'it [fr. noun Editor; L. ^, out, dare^ to

give], revise for publication. [time. E-di'tion, copies of a work published at one Ed'it-or, one who edits, one who conducts a

newspaper or magaxine. [editor. Ed-it-o'ri-^ of an editor; article by an Ed'u-cate [L. alucare, to rear, related to edU'

c rtf], train and instruct. Educa'tlonCal)ist. E-duce' [L. S, out, diicere, to lead], draw out. Eel [O.E. cC' ], long, worm-like fish. Ee'ry, Ee'rie [3LE. eriy etym. doubtful], super-

stitiously fearful, weird. Ef-face' [L. ex, out, fades, the face], rub or

blot from a surface. Ef-fect' [L. ex, out, facere, to make], that

which springs from a cause, result, im­pression made, (pi.) goods; bring about.

Ef-fec'tive, producing an effect. Ef-fec'tu-m, having the effect desired. Ef-fem'in-ate [L. ex, thoroughly, femina^ a

woman], womanish. Effem'inacy. Ef-fer-ves'cc [L. ex, ont, fenerct to boil], boil,

bubble. EServes'ceace, Ef-fete' ill. ejjetus, worn out by breeding],

exliausted, worn out. Ef'fl-ca-cy [" ee Effect], power to produce an

effect, Efflea'ciona, E£-fl'cient (ci=M) [see Effect], capable. Etfl-gy [L, efflgiSs; ex, out, fingere, to form],

imitative figure. Ef-flor-es'eence [L. ex, out, Jlorescere (from

^os, fiorifi, a flower), to flourish], bursting into flower.

Ei&uence 69 Elocution E£'flu-ence [L. effluere (pr.p. effluens)\ ex,

out, Jluerej to flow], a Ilowing out. Ef-flu'vi-um. (pi.) rvi-a [L. ex, out, Jluere, to

flow], that which flows out from a body invisibly, smell. , [do.

Effort r^* - j o"*. /tfr e>, strong], trying to E£-Sront'e>y (f>=^) [F, ejfontcrie; L. e^,

out, /rww (fro7itis% the forehead], impudent boldness.

EE-Jul'gence P^. efjulgere (pr.p. effulgens), to shine forth; ei, out, fulgSre, to shine], shining brightness. ESul'gent.

Ef-hi'sion (si=zh) [L. ^a:, out, fmidere (p.p. /«5W5, to pour], pouring out, literary pro­duction (spoken of, with contempt).

Ef-hi'sive («=«), gushing, Eft CO.B. efcta^ an eftj, newt. B ^ CO.E.( f?; of. O.N.(?j7/?; Swed. agg\ Dan.

^^i egg], germ, etc., laid by birds, fish, reptiles, insects, etc.

Egg [O.K. eggya^ to goad], urge on, Eg'lan-tine [O.F. aiglent; cf. L. aculcu^^ a

pricMe, dim. of acw.5, a needle],sweet-brier. Eg'o-ism [F. e'goTsmet fr. L, (?(?o, IJ, too great

love of self. Eg'oist. Eg'o-tism [L. egot I], speaking too often of

self. Eg'otist. E-gre'gious [L. e, out, grex (greg-is), a flock],

notable (in a bad sense). E'gress [L. egrcdi (p.p. egressiis), to go out;

e, out, and gradi^ to QO"]^ going out. Eg'iet (or e'gret) [var. of Aigrette; O.H.a.

heigir, a heron], kind of heron. E-gypt-oro-gy, the study of the remains of

ancient Egyptian civilization. ^ ' d e r [Swed. ejder\ Icel. cetliar^ eider],

northern sea-duck. Ei'dei-down. Eighth [O.B. ahta, eight], next in order after

the seventh. Eighteen. Eia-tedd'fod (ei^ai) [W; eistedd, to sit], con­

gress of bards, Welsh musical festival. E-|ac'u-late [L. S, out, jaculitm^ a dart;

jacere, to throw], exclaim suddenly. E-ject' [L. ejicere (p.p. ejectus); e, out, jacere^

to throw], cast out. Ejeo'tion. Eke [O.E. Scan], add to. Eke [O.E. e'ac, cL Ger. auch], also. E-lah'o-rate [L. , out, labordre, to work],

produce or improve on with labour; highly wrought. , [lope.

E'land [Du. eifa«d, an elk], S. African ante-E-lapse' [L. e, out, Za6? (p.p. lapsvs\ to

glide], slip away (as time). E-las'tic [Gk. elasticos; propulsive, fr.

elaunein, to drive], springing back, able to go back quickly to a former state; cord or string containing rubber, [bound.

E-las-ti'ci-ty, springiness, tendency to re-E-la'tion Ih.efferre 5>-P. Sldtiis\to lift up; s,

out, and ferre, to carry], raised spirits. El'bow [O.E. elboga, elnhogq, fr. cln, an arm,

an ell, and boga^ a bow],'bend of the arm. Eld [O.E. eldo, fr. ald^ old], (archaic, poetic), ' old age, the olden time, El'der [O.E. eldra^ fr. aid, old], older; one who

is older, oflQce-bearer in some churches. EU'der [O.E. ellairnjj tree with dark berrieg.

E-lecf [L. e, out, legere (p.p. Icctus)^ to XZ choose], choose; one of the chosen. "^

E-Iec'tion, choice, right of choosing. E-lec'tric, E-leo'tri-cal [Gk. electron, amber],

caused by or containing electricity, E-lec-fri'ei-ty, natural force which exiiibits

itself by attraction, repulsion, etc. E-Iec'tri-&, cause electricity to pass through,

to thrill, E-lec-tro-cu'tion [see Electric; cf. Exe­

cution], killing by electricity. E-lec'tlon [Ok. electron^ electron, amber],

eleotnc chaise of an atom, alloy of silver and gold in use by the Ancients.

E-lec'tu-a>y [Late L, clectudrium; perh. fr. Gk. edeichdn, to lick out], medicinal powder mixed with honey or s - rup.

El-ee-mos'y-na-ry [Late L.c7eemo5y7ifl,alms], relating to alms.

El'e-gance [L. eUgans (eUganlis); tasteful; e, out, BXiAlegere, to choose], beauty produced by art and good taste.

El'e-gy [Cxk. degos, a lament], song of mourn­ing, a serious, sorrowful poom. Elegi'ac,

El'e-ment [L, ehmentitm^ a firet principle], simple component of anything, (pi.) ah:, earth, water, and fire. Elemen'tal.

El-e-men'ta-ry, consisting of a single element, simple, primary.

El'e-phant [L. and Gk. elepMs, an elephant], large animal of Asia and Africa. Ele-phan'tine.

El'e-vate [L. e, out, levare, to lighten; levis^ light], raise. Eleva'tion.

El'e-va'tor, a lift. E-lev'en [O.E. aidleofon, one more than ten, Elf, (pi.) Elves [O.E- (slf, iairy, tricky little

person, El'fin, El'flsh. E-Ii'cit p j . elicere (p.p. eJicitiis); e, out,

lacere, to entice], draw out. E-lide' [L. elMere (p.p. eli^us), to strike

out; S, out, Icedere, to dash], drop out a vowel or syllable. Elis'ion.

El'i-gi-ble [L. eligerc, to choose out; see Elect], that may be chosen. El'igibil'ity,

E-lim'i-nate UJ. elimindre (p.p. elimindtm); e, out, lijncn (limin-is), a threshold], tlirow out, cause to disappear. Elim'ina'tion. -

^-lite' (at-leei') [F.J, select people in society. E-Iix'ir [Arab, al ikslr, the philosopher's

stone; perh, fr. Q^ xerion, dry powder], preparation by which it was sought to change metals.into gold, a drug or essence supposed to have the property of prolonging life.

Elk [O.E. eich, aXke, an e\^, large deer. EU [O.E. eln, a cubit; cogn. with L. ulna,, a

cubit, an elbow], measure; English ell is 45 inches.

El-lipse' [Gk. elleipsis ; el- (en), in, Ici-pein, to leave], oval figure,

El-lip'sis, omission. El-lip'tic-al, oval, having part omitted, Elm [O.E. elm], timber tree. El-o-cu'tion [L. e, out, loqul (p.p. locutiLS),

to speak], art of managing the voice in public speaking.

Elongrate 70 Empiric Elong-ate [L. e, out, longdre^ to lengthen;

longus^ loiio]» lengthen. Elonga'tion, E-lope' [A,F. alopeTy perh. fr. M.B. alcapen^

to run away], run away secretly. El'o-quenco [L. eloqul Qjr.p. eloguens), to

speak out; e, out, Jo iff, to speak], powerful persuasive speaking. El'oquent.

E-lu'ci-dato [Late L. eluciddre ().p, eluci-datus); e, out, luddtts^ clear], make clear, illustrate. Elucida'tion.

E-lade' [L. S, out, and ladere (p.p. hl.sus)f to play], avoid or escape slyly.

E-lu'sive (s=s\ escaping the grasp. E-lya'ium [Gk. elysion, short for Elysion

pedion, the Elysian plain], a paradise of the ancient Greeis, very happy place, Elya'ian,

&ma'ci-a'-tion pj. Smaciare (p.p. cmaciStiia); S, very, macieSj leanness], great leanness.

Em'a-nate [L. e, out, manare (p.p. mandtus)^ to flow], flow or proceed from.

E-man'ci-pate [L. e, out, mandpdrej to trans­fer property; manuSy the hand, and capere, to take], set free. Eman'cipa'tor,

E-mas'cu-late pj . c, from, tnasculus, male], weaken,

Em-, en- (In); see Api)endls, Latin Prefixes. Em-balm' (al^ah) [O-F. em-, in, F. baume,

balm], preserve by use of spices, etc. Em-fcalm'ment.

Em-bank'ment [O.F. em-, in; see Bank], a great wall of earth, or stones, to retain water, etc.

Em-bai'go tSp. embargo^ a stoppage of ^lips; em-, in, barra, a bar], government order to forbid ships to sail, suspension of commerce.

Em-bark' [F. embarquer; L.L. i?nbarcare, em^imr («)i-),in,&arca,a bark], go or put on board,

Em-bar'rass [F. embarra^ser, cogn. with Bar], hinder, make uncomfortable. Embarr'ass-ment.

Em'bas-sy [O.F. an^bass^; L. amhactia, an office], ambassador and those with him, his residence, his office.

Em-bed' [see Bed], to fix fii-mly in surround­ing mass.

Em-bel'lish [O.F. cm-, in, and hel, beautiful], to ornament.

Em'bera (O.E. t&merge, an ember], smoulder­ing remains of a fire.

Em-bez'zle [O.F. em-, in, besilUer, to mal­treat], take by fraud for one's own use.

Em-bif ter [em-, in, and Bitter], make bitter. Em-bla'zon-ry [em-, in, and Blazon], heraldic

decoration. Em'blem [Gk. em-, in, on, halldn^ to throw],

visible sign of an idea. Emblemat'ic. Em-bod'y [fm', in, and Body], to give form

to an idea, to unite into one body. Bm-bold'en [em-, in, and Bold], to make bold. Em-boss' [em-, in, and Boss], produce a

raised pattern by blows or pressure. Em-brace' [em-, in, and Brace], to clasp in

the arms, to include, to accept; folding in the anns,

Em-bra'sure is=z) [em-, in, M.F.'ftraseT', to slant aside], f;u opening widening from withm for cannon in defence works.

Em-bro-oa'tion [Qk. eHzJvocAe, a lotion; -em, in, bTCchein, to wet], a liquid for rubbing a diseased part.

Em-broi'dei [eirf-, in, F. hroder^ etc., orig. to work on the edge (bord), to decorate with needlework. EmbEoi'dery. [strife.

Em-broil' [em-, in; see Broil], to mix in Em'bry-o [Gk. embnjon, em-, in, and bryein,

to swell], germ, young in early stage. Embryon'ic.

E-men-da'tion CL. emenddre (p.p. S2nendatus\ remove errors from; c, from, mcrida, a fault], removal of errors from a book, etc.

Em'er-ald [Gk. smaragdos^ an emerald], a green precious stone.

E-merge' [L. S, out, and mergere (p.p. mersm\ to dip], to rise out of, to come forth. Emerg'ence.

E-mer'gen-cy, unexpected state of things, pressing nerd for action or decision.

Em'e-ry [F, bneri^); Gk. smcris, emery], a hard mineral in grains, used for polishing.

E-met'io [Gk. emeein^ to vomit], a medicine wliich causes vomiting.

Em'i-grant [L. cmigrans -aniis), pr.p. of Smigrare, to emigi-ate], one who leaves a country to settle in another.

Em'i-grate [L. e, out, migr&re (p.p. migrdtus)^ to wander], leave a country to settle in another. Emigra'tion. '

Em'i-nenee [L. eminere (pr.p. Syninens), to project; S, out; minere, to project], high place,

Em'i-nent-ly, in a high degree, Em-ir' (ir=>eer) [Arab, amir, a prince],

Aj-ab or Saracen prince or governor. Em'is-sa-ry [see Emit], secret agent. E-mit' [L. s, out, mitterc (p.p. missiis), to

send], send out. Emis'sion, Em'met [doublet of Ant], ant. E-moVUent [L. cinollire (pr.p. SmolUem,

-entis), to soften; e, very, mollis, soft], something laid on to soften or soothe; softening.

E-moru-ment [L. e. out, molere, to grind, or 7noriri, to work], profits arising from office or ^7ork.

E-mo'tion [L. i, out, movere (p.p. motus), to move], moving of the mind, feeling.

Em-pan'el [O.F. em-, in, see Panel], to enrol (jury).

Em'per-or [L. impemtor', imperare, to com­mand ; im-, in, parare, to make ready], sovereign of an empire.

Em'pha-sia [Gk. emphasis; em-, in, phainein, to show], stress laid on words.

Em-phat'ic, laying stress, forcible. Era'pire [L. impenum, command], dominion

usually of many different parts, absolute control.

Em-pir'ic \0!k. empeiricos \ em-, in, peira, a trial], one who relies merely on experience, quack; relying on experience. Empiz'icismi Empii'ieal.

Emplacement n Enhance Em-place'ment [cm-, in, and place], act of

placing, platform for guns. Em-ploy' [l'\ erwployer; L. im- in% in,

phcarej to fold], use, have in service. Em-ploy'ee, Em-ploy-ee', one employed by

another. Em-po'ri-nm [Q'k. eniporion; em-^ in,

porosj a way], place of trade. [ity to. Em-pow'er [em-, in, and Power], give author-Em'press [O.P, emperesse; see Emperor],

wife of an emperor. Emp'ty [O.E. cbmtigy cemetig, at leisure;

rf'mta, cC"meUa^ leisure], containing nothing. Em-pjfM'an [Gk. empyrosj exposed to fire;

em-, in, pyr^ fire], fclie wide sky, whole extent of cosmic space. Empyr'eal.

ETmu [perh. fr. Port, ema, an ostrich], large Australian ostrich-like bird.

Em'u-lato [L- csmulan (p.p. cEmuldtus), to try to equal], try to equal or excel. Emula'tion, , [equal or excel,

Em'u-lous pj. cemulus, emulous], eager to E-mul'sion [L. S, out, tnulgSre (p.p. muUiis),

to milk], oily substance mixed with water by means oi grum, 'etc. [able to do.

En-a'ble [pref, en, causal, and Able], make En-act' [pref, en, in, and Act], make into law,

act the part of. Enact'ment. En-am'el [O.F, esmail; il.L. smaliumj

enamel; Teui. orig. cogn. with Smelt], glassy substance used as a coating, hard covering of teeth.,

En-aiu'oui [O.F. en amour^ in love; L. tn, in, amor, love], inflame with love, charm.

Eu-cage' [en-, in, and Cage], shut up in a cage.

En-Damp' ten-, in, and Camp], pitch tents for a camp. Encamp'ment. [chains.

En-chain' ten-, in, and Chain], hold as with En-chanf [F. enchanter; L. in, in, and

cancre (p.p. cantiis), to sing], charm greatly. En-eir'cle ien-, in, and Cirde], form a cirole

about. En^clave' [L. in, in; clavis, a key], territory

surrounded by foreign territories. En-close', en-, in, and Close], inclose.

Enclos'ure. En-co'mi-mn [G-k. egc5mion, a song of

praise; en-^ m, and cdmos, revelry], high praise. ' [surroimd-

En-com'pa^ (o=u) [en-, in, and Compass], En'core (nearly ang'core) [P. encore, still,

again; perh. fr. L. in) hanc horam, to tliis hour], call for repetition.

En-coun'tei [L. in, in; contra, against], meet; a meeting; fight.

En-cour'age ien-, in, and Courage], grive courage to, Encour'agement.

En-croach' [O.F. encrocMer; F. en, in, croc^ a hook], intrude on,

Ea-cum'ber [en-, in, on, and Cumber], load, hinder. Encum'brance.

En-cy-clo-pee'di-a (03=ec') [Gk. egcyclios paideiCf all-round instruction; cyclos, a circle, paideia, instruction], work treating of all branches of knowledge. Encyclo-

End [O.E. ende],\imit, extreme pouit; to stop. En^an'ger [en , in, and Danger], bring into

danger. En-deai' [en-, in, and Dear], render dear. En-dectv'our [en-, in, F, devoir^ duty], try. En-dem'ic [Gk. en-, in, demos, a people],

regularly present (said of disease). En'dive [F, endive; L. iniibus, endive],

kind of chicory used for salad. En*dors8' [O.F, endosser; e7i-, in, and dos

(L. (ior5Mm)» the back], write on the back of, to approve. Endorse'ment,

En-dow' [en-j in, and F. douer; L. in, in, doture, to give a dowry; dare, to give], make provision for, to gift. Endow'meDt,

En-due' [O.F. enduire; L. in, in, and ducerCf to lead], clothe or invest mth.

En-dui'ance, power of holding out. En-dnre' [O.F. endurer, en- (L, in), in,

diirer (L. durSre), to last], to last, bear up under.

En'e-my [L. iniTmais, unfi-ieudly ; fn, not, am^cti^, a friend], one who is against another,

En-er-gat'ic, having energy, vigorous. En'er-gy [Gk. energeia ; en-, in, ergon, work],

force, power of work. En'ergize* En'er-vate [L. SnervUre (p.p. enermtus);

e, out of, nervus, nerve], deprive of nerve or strength,

En-fee'ble [en-(causal) and Feeble], weaken, En-fi-lade' [F. enfder, to string; en-, in, and

fit (ti. fllum), a tliread], artillery fire that sweeps line of troops from end to end.

Ea-foree' [en^, in, and Force], compel, put in force.

En-fran'chise [en-, in, and Franchise], set free, give a vote to. Enlran'ehisement.

En-gage' [F, engager; en-, in, and Gage, a pledge], bind by a promise, occupy, bring troops into battle. Engage'ment.

En-ga'ging, attractive, En-gen'der [F. engendrer; L. in, in,

generare, to breed], sow the seeds of, bring about.

En'gine [L. ingenium, skill, also an invention], compound machine driven by steam, gas, air, etc.

En-gi-neer* [L.L. ingeniator; see Engine], one who plans or constructs engines, heavy machinery, railways, bridges, etc., one in. chaise of an engine; contrive, guide and carr^ through. [texture of.

En-grain' [en-, in, and Grain], work into the En-graft'[en-, in, and G r ^ ] , to subject to

the process of grafting. En-grave' [pi-, in, and Grave 2], cut with a

graving instrument. En-gra'ving, print taken from an engraved

plate or block. Ea-gross' [A.F. engrosser, to write large;

L. grossiis, thic&J, take up completely, write (a deed) in full for signature.

En-gul£' (en-f in, and Gulf], swallow up as m a gulf.

En-hance' [O.F. enhancer; L. in, in ; Late L, cUtidre, to Jift], increase.

Enigma 72 Ephod En-ig'ma [Gik. ainigma\ ainos, a fable],

puzzle, something difQcult of explanation. Enigmat'ic^.

En-ioin' fE'. enjoindre; L. in, in, jungere^ to join], lay upon as a command.

211-50/ \0.^. enjoier; en, in, joie, joy], talie pleasure in.

En-kiu'dle [en-j ih or on, and Kindle], eet on fire.

En-large' [eii-^ in or on, and Large], make larger. Enlatge'ment. [to.

En-light'en [en-, in, and Lighten i], give light En-Iisf [en-, in, and Listi], enroll, engage

for military or other service. [to, En-li'ven [sn-, in; see LiJe], to give mote life En'mi-ty [L. in-, not, amicus^ a friend],

strong feelinj against. En-no'ble [>?«-, in, and Noble], to make noble. En'nui (nearly ang-nwee) [ i \ ennui; li.in

odio, in disgust; see Annoy], a weary, list­less feeling. torime.

E-nor'mi-ty, state of being abnormal; a great E-nor'moiw [L, enormis; H, out of, norma,

rule], huge. E-nough' ipugh=uff) [O.E, geiuSg; geniah,

it suffices], sufficient. En-auire' (see Inquire). Enqui'ry, Eu-rage' [O.P. enrager; en-, in, and Rage],

to put into a rage, Ea-rap'ture [en-, in, and Rapture], to'carry

away with delight. En-rich' [f^n-, in, and Rich], to make rich. En-rol', En-roli' [en-, in, and Roll], to

enter iu a hsb or on rolls. En-sconce' [en-, in, and Sconce], to place

snugly or securely. En-shiine' [en-, in, and Shrine], to enclose in

a slrcine, to preserve as sacred. Ea'sign si/jn^^sine) [I/, in, on, signvm, a

mark], a flag, formerly an infantry officer. En'sU-ag© [3p. ensilar, to store undei-gi-ound;

silo, a pit for storing], storing of green fodder underground, fodder thus pre­served.

En-slave' [en-, in, and Slave], to bring into slavery. Enslave'ment. [trap.

En-snare' [en-, in, and Snaie], to catch in a En-sue' [L. insequi; in, on, and se(im, to

follow], to follow, En-sure' (s=sh) [en-, in, and Sure], make

sure, make safe against. En-tab'la-tuie [It, intavolatura; in, on,

tavola, a table], part of a building v?hich lies on the columns.

En-tail' [F. en-, in, tailler (L.L. taledre), to cut]j to fix descent of an estate, to settle on a line of descendants, to impose (incon­venience, expense, etc.) upon. [tengled.

En-tan'gle [en~, in, and Tangle], to make En'ter [L. intrare^ to enter; intra, within],

to come or go in. En-ter'ic [G-k. enteron, intestine], relating to

the intestines; enteric fever, typhoid fever. En'ter-prise (s=z) [O.F. entreprise, fera, p.p.

of cnlTC2>J'endre, to undertake; L. inter, between, -prelumdere, to lay hold of]) an undertaking.

En-tei-tain' tL.trt£er, among, icn^re, to hold], to receive as a guest, to amuse, to admit for consideral Ion. Entertain'ment.

En-thrall', En-tliral' [en-, in, and Thrall], to enslave, to captivate. Euthral'ment.

En-fchrone' [£«-, on, and Throne], to pub on the throne.

En-thu'fli-asm [Ok. en-, in, theos, a god], great zeal. Enthu'siast.

En-tice' [en-i in, L. titio, a firebrand], to draw on by tempting. Entice'ment.

En-tire' [L. inteijtr, entire], whole. Entire'ty. En-ti'tle [en-, in, and Title], to give a claim to,

to give a title to (a book, etc.). En'ti-ty [L. e?i3 (en(-w), pr.p. of esse, to be],

being, something that has a real exist­ence, as a pei-sonality, a nation.

En-tomb' (entoom') [en-, in, and Tomb], to put in a tomb, to bury.

En-to-moro-gy [Gk, entomon, un insect; en~yir\,temnein,tQC\xt; logos, a discourse], the science wluch treats of insects.

En'trails [Late L, intralia; L. inter&nea; from inter, witliin], intestines.

En-trance' [^n-, in, and Trance], to over­whelm with delight.

En'trance [see Enter], a way in, a going in. En-trap' [en-, in, and Trap], to catch as in a

trap. [Entreat'y. En-treaf [en-, in, and Treat], to ask earnestly. En'tiy [see Enter], a going in, a passage in,

a note written in a book. En-trust^ [e?i-,in, and Trust], charge (pcrpon)

with, give (duty) to. En-twine' [en^, in, and Twine], to twine or

tivist together. E-nu'mer-ate [L. e, out, and numer&re (p.p.

numcTatus), to mimber; numents, a number], to count, to specify.

E-nun'ci-ate [L. (-, out, and nuntiGre (p.p. nuntiutita), to fell; 7mntius, a messenger], to state clearly, to pTronouncc.

En-vel'op [O.F, e?t-, in; voluper, to wrap], wrap in.

En'vel-ope, cover of a letter, a covering. En-ven'om [en-, in, and Venom], poison. En'vi-ou3, full of gi-udging ill-will. En-vi'tons [i"'. c:mron, round about], sur-

rotmding places, neighbourhood. En-vi'ronment.

En-vis'age [F. envisager, to face; L. iV, in, videre, to see], to face, contemplate.

En'voy [F. en rcne, on the way; L. via, a way], messenger.

En'vy [L. invidia; in, on, videre, to see], discontent at tlie good of others, longing for advantages enjo3'ed by another. En'-viable, En'vious.

Ep-au-let', Ep-au-Iette' [P. epaulette, dim. of epaule, the bhonlder; L. spatula, a shoul­der-blade], (mihtary) shoulder-ornament or badge.

E-phem'e>al [Ok. ephemeras, lasting a day; epi, upoji, hcmtra, a day], short-lived, lasting a day.

E'phod [Ileb, fr. \xphml to put on], Jewish, priestly garment.

Epic 75 Escapade Ep'ic r&t. epos, a word], poem about a great

event written in a grand style. Epical. Ep'i-cure [from Q-k. name Epicouros,

follower of Epicurus, one who loves dainties. Epicure'an.

Ep-i-dem'ic [Gk. epidemos^ general; epi^ upon, demoSf the people], disease which spreads widely in a place for a time, but is not generally present there.

Ep-i-der'mis [Gk. epi^ upon, derma, the skin], outer sMn, cuticle.

Ep'i-gram [Gk, epi, upon, gramma, a writing], veiy short poem containing a wit­ticism, pointed saying: Ep'igrammat'ic.

Ep'i-lep-sy [G-k. epilepsia; epi, upon, larf^andn, to seize], disease accompanied by fits. Epilep'tic.

Ep'i-logite [Gk. epilogos; epi, upon, and logos, a speech], short speech at the end of a play, concluding jiart-of a literaiy work.

E-piph'an-y [Gk. epi, upon, pMiTiein, to show], manifestation of Christ to the Wise Men of the East.

E-pis'co-pal [Gk. episcopos, a bishop], re­lating to bishops.

E-pis'cop-apCy, system of Ohmrch govern­ment through bishops, Epis'copa'lian.

Elp'i-sofle [Gk. epi, upon, eisodos, entry (eia, into, hodos, a way)], incident in a stoiy or life. Episod'ical.

EJ-pisYle [Gk. episiole; epi^ upon, stelleint to send], letter.

E-pia'to-la-ry, relatmg to letters. Ep'i-taph [Gk. epi, upon, taphos, a tomb],

writing on a tombstone. Ep'i-thet [Gk. epi, upon, iiihmai, to place],

adjective expressing a'', characteristic quality.

E-pif o-me [Gk. epi, upon, iemnein, to cut], summary of a subject.

E'poch ich=lc) [Gk. ep- (epi), upon, echein, to hold], point of time or a period marked by some great event.

E'quap'ble [L- a^quabilis, equable; ceguus^ equal], not changeable, even-tempered.

E'ftual [L. aqudlis, (BQUUS, equal], same in quantity, value, etc,; person equal to another; be equal, etc. E^ual'ity, E'qualize.

E'qua-nim'i-ty [L. cequus, equal^ animus, the mind], calmness of mind or temper,

E-iIua'tion [L. <^giifUio, an equalising; cequus, equal], equaUty expressed by symbols.

E-qua'tor [L. mquus, equal], great circle of the earth half-way between, the poles. Equato'riaL

Eq'uer-ry, Eq'ue-iy [T. ecuHe; M.L. seurvi', O.H.G.'5cflr, a shed], officer of the royal • household imder the Master of the Horse.

E-ques'tri-an [L, eqnester (adj.); eques, a horseman; eqmts, a horse], hoiseman; relating to horses or riders.

E-qui-lat'er-al [L. a;qmts, equal, latu^ (later-is), a side], having equal sides.

E-qui-lib'ri-um [L. cequus, equal, libra, a balance], balance. [like a horse.

Eq'uine [L. equimis; equus, a horse], of or

E'qui-noc'tial, rehiting to equinox E'qui-nox [L. a;qmis, equal, jiox (noct-is),

iiight], one of the two times in the year when day and night are equal,

E-quip' [E'. ^guiper, to equip; O.IN". skipa, to set in order, fr, skip, a ship], fit out. Equip'ment. [etc.

Eq'ui-page, carriage with horses, servants, E'qui-poise [L. ceqmis^ equal; O.JP. peser;

L. penderCf to weigh], state of equal balance,

Eq'ui-ty [L. mquus, equal], justice, fairness. Eq'uitable.

Enquiv'a-lent [L, wqwits, equal, xalere, to be worth], equal in value, etc. Equiv'alence.

E-quiv'o-cd [Late L. mquivocus; sec Equivo­cate], of double meaning, questionable, open to suspicion,

E-quiv'o-cate [L. cequus, equal, vocare, to call], to express oneself in tenns that may have different meanings so as to mislead. Equiv'oca'tion.

E'ra [L.L. (^a, an era, orig. number expressed in figures (pi. of L. ces, money)], period of time.

E-rad'i-cate [L. e, out, radicare, to root; radix (radic-is), a root], root out.

E-raae' (s=2) [L. s^ out, r&dere (p.p. rasus), to scrape], rub or scrape out. Era'suie.

Et-as'ti-an [fr. Erasius, German philos­opher], subjecting the Church to the State.

Ere (air) [O.E. or], before. E-reci' p j . e, out, regere (p.p. rectus), to make

straight, to rule], upright; to build. E-rec'tion, anything built. Er'gofc [O.E. argot, cock*s spur], diseased

seed of rye used as medicine. Er'mine fO.F. perh. fr. L. Artneiizus mUs^

Armenian mouse], animal of the •u'easel 3dnd whose fur becomes white in winter.

E-ro'sion (si~zli) [L. S, out, rodere (p.p. Tosxis), to gnaw], an eating away.

Er-of ic [Gk. er5s, love], concerning love. Err pj . errdre, to wander], go astray, make

mistakes in judgment or conduct. Ei'iand [O.E. osrend], message. Er'rant [L, errans (-antis), pr.p, of errdre;

see Err], roving, erring. Er'rantry. Er-rat'ic [L. errdticzts\ see Err], wandering,

queer. Er-ia'tum, (pi.) Er-ra'ta [L. neut. of p.p.

of errdre, to err], mistake in writing or printing.

Er-ro'ne-ous [L. errdneus, wandering], %vrong, Er'ror, [see Err], mistake. [Gaelic. Erse (5=55) [O. Scot, for Irish], Highland E-rnc-ta'tion [L. e, out, ructdre (p.p. ruc-

tdtus), to belch], belching. Er-U-di'tion [L. erudlre (p.p. emiTitus), to

teach; e, from, rudis, rude], learning. Er'udite.

E-rup'tion [L. e, from, rumpere (p.p. rup-tus), to break], a breaking out. Erup'tive.

E>y-sip'e-laa [perh. fr. root of Gk. erytkros^ red, and pella, skin], disease of the skin.

Es-ca-pade' [Sp. escapada; see Escape], mis­chievous adventure.

Escape 74 Evaporate Es-cape' [IJ. ex cappa, oufc of one's capej, get

free from, riin away; flight, getting away, means of getting away.

Es-carp'ment [1''. escarpc, a scarp], steep side of a ridfje sloping geutly on the other side.

Esch-a-to'Iogy (seh^sk) [Gk. eschatosy last, logos^ discourse], doctrine of death and future life,

Es-cheaf [O.F. cschdc; L. ex, out, cadere, to fall], lapsing of property to Crown or lord of the manor ; conilscatc.

Es-chew' [O.IT. cscMver, to shun], slmn, abstain fi'om.

Es'cort lit. scoria^ a guide; L. ex^ out, entirely, conigerc, to coixect], guard or body of persons in attendance.

Es-corf, accompany, attend. Es-cri-toire' (loire=ticarr) [F., now icrUoire;

L.L. scriptorium; L. scrihere (p.p. scriptus)^ to \7rite], writing desfe with drawers.

Es'cu-lent [L. ftsca, food], eatable; some­thing eatable,

Es-cutch'eon, Sout'clieon, Soutoh'eon tcheon =isM) [Lata L. scfitio, G2±ension ot L. scutum, a shield], shield on which arms are painted.

E^'kim-o (pi. Eskimoes), Es-qui-mau' (pi. Esquimaux), a race inhabiting Greenland, Labrador, aud neighbouring Arctic regions.

5^-0-ter'ic[Gk. esutericos, inner; eso, within], (religion, etc.) relating to the inner or spiritual meaning of a religion or teaching.

Es-pal'ier (i—'j) [Ife. spalliera; spalla, a shoulder], lattice-woric on which fruit trees, etc., are trained, a tree so trained.

Es-par'to [Sp. esparto; Gk. sparton^ rope of tlie plant spartos], Mnd of grass.

Es-pe'cial ieci=csh) [L. specidlis, of a special kind; L. species, a kind], chief, uncom­mon, belonging to a particular person or thing.

Es'pi-0-nage [F. espionnage', espion, a spy; see Espy], the practice or employment of spies, secret watching.

Es-pla-nade' [L. cxplandre; to level, plaims, flat], level place for walks or drives, level space beside a castle,

Es-pouse' (s=z) [IJ. sponsdre, to betroth; spoTiddre (p.p. sponsiis), to promise], marry.

Es-py' lO.'E. ispter; O.H.G. spehon^ to spy], catch sight of. Espi'al.

Es'quire £1/. sciuurius, a shield-bearer; scutum, a siiieid], formerly an attendant of a knight, now a title of courtesy.

Es'say [O.F. essai, a trial; L. esragium, weighing; ez, out, agere, to move], attempt, short composition.

Es-say', try. Es'senee [TJ. esse, to be], real being, liquid

extract. Es-sene' (lyne^cen) [Gk. Esseiios. Etym.

dub.], member of a Jewish sect of the time of Otirisfc that held mystical beliefs and lived in religious communities.

Es-sen'tial (ti=sh\ necessary, belonging to a thing by virtue of its essence.

Es-tab'Iish U'. •'•ticbilis, fh-m], ijx hnuly. Es-tab'Iish-ment, settlement, jjlace of resi­

dence or business vath tlie people employed in it.

Es-tate' [L* slaius, a state], state, pioperty, esp. in land.

Es-teem' [L. a'slimare (p.p. (Bstimdlus'), to esteem], to value ; high opinion.

Es'ti-mate [see Esteem], put a value on. Es-trange' [L. extraneare, to make strange;

see Strange], turn away affection. Estrango'ment.

Ea'tu-a-ry \\u cesius, the tide], wide river-mouth.

Etch [Du, elsen; Ger. iitzen, to etch, orig. " to make to eat"], engrave by means of acid. Etch'ing.

E-tei'nal [TJ, cetermts, lasting for an age; wmm, an age], endless in time.

E-ter'ni-ty, endless time. E'ther [Gk. aitJier, upper air; aitJiein, to

glow], something thinner than air supposed to permeate space, a liquid used to render unconscious'. [ahy.

E-the're-al [see Ethor], heavenly, light and Eth'ic, EtU'ic-al [Gk. ethos, custom], moral. Eth-nol'o-gy [Gk. clhnos, a nation; logos^

discoui-^e], science which treats of the races of mankind. Ethnolog'ical.

E'ti-o-!ate [F. itioler; Norman e'tieuJer, grow into stalk; L. stipula^ straw], blanch (plants) by excludmg light.

Et'i-ci'Metic [F. ^ttquctie, a label, a ticket], rules of personal behaviour observed in. social intercourse.

Et-y-mol'o-gy [Gk. elimos, true, logos, dis­course], origin or derivation of words.

Eu-ca-lyp'tus [Gk, eu, well, cahjptos, covered], gum-tj ee.

Eu'efta-risfc [Gk. eit^ well, charis^ grace, favour]. Lord's Supper.

Eu-gen'ics [Gk. eu, well, gcnes^ born], science of breeding fine oilspring. [praise.

Eu'io-gy [Gk. (?a, well, logos, discourse], Eu'pbe-mism [Gk. ew, well, pkemS, speaking],

mild name for something unpleasant, Eu'pho-ny [Gk. eu, well, pMney the voice],

pleasing sound. Eupho'nious, Eu'phu-ism [from Lyly's book Euphues],

alleutatJon in writing. Eu'phuist. Eur-a'dan [Exu:ope, Asia, and -an, of mixed

European and Asiatic parentage. Eu-re'ka [1st pers., sing., perf,, of Gk. heuris-

cfin, to find], an exclamation of triumph. Eu-fhan-a'si-a [Gk. euthanasia; eu, well, and

tlxLnein, to die], Ga*3y death. [empty. E-vac'u-ate [L. e ,out, vacuus, empty], make E-vade' [L. S, Qnt,vadere(^w.^.vasum), to go],

a\'oid cleverly. Ev-a-nes'cent [L. e, away, 'odnescere, to

vanish], vanishing. Evanes'cence. E-van-gel'ic-al [Gk. ew, well, aggdein^ to

bring news; aggclos, a messenger; see AngS], according to the Gospel.

E-vaa'gel-ist, travelling preacher. E-vap'o-rate [L. e, out, vapor^ vapour], pass

off in vapour. Evflpora'tion.

Evasion 75 EKecution E-va'sion (,si==zh) [see Evade], avoidance (as

of a direct answer). Ere [short for even, poetical for Evening],

evening or day before. [hj two. E'ven [O.E. e/en], level, just, still, divisible E'ven-ing [p.% d-fnung, close of the day. E-vent' [L. ^, out, ventre (sup. ventum\ to

come], that "which happeiK. E-ven'tu-al-ly [P. Svcntuelf finally resulting;

see Event], in the end. E-ven-tu-al'i-ty, posible event, Ev'er [O.E. difre], always, at any time. EVer-green, alwaj^ green; a plant that has

green leaves throughout the year. Ev-er-liwt'ing, lasting for ever; a flower that

is little changed by drying. Ev'er-y [O.E. difrs^ ever; t£lc, each], each, all. E^vicf [L. S, out, viiKere (p.p. vicius), to

conquer], cast out, dispossess. [belief. Ev'i-dence [see Evident], proof, ground of Ev'i-dent [L. e, out, vidSre, to see], plain, clear. E'vil [O.E. yfcl, bad], bad; badness, harm. E«Tince' [L. e, out, vincerc^ to conquer],

show clearly. E-vis'cer-at8(Jc=55) IL. Sviscerare (p.p. evis-

cerdtus); e, out, viscera, bowels], to remove the internal organs, to gut.

E*voke' [L. e, oat, vocdre^ to call], call forth. Ev-o-lu'tion [see Evolve], development, un­

folding, a prescribed movement of troops or ships.

E-volve' [L. <?, out, volvere (p.p. volutus), to roll], unfold, develop.

Ewe yoo) [O.E. eown], female of the sheep. Ew'er (yoo'er) [O.F. aiguiere; L. agua, water],

large wide-mouthed jug. Ex-a'cer-bate (c=5) [L. ex, out, acerbus,

bitter], make more bitter. BJxacerba'tion. Ex-act' [L. exigere (p.p. exactus), to drive

out; ex, out, and agere, to drive], correct; to demand, force payment of.

Ex-ac'tion, severe demand. Ex-av'ger-ate [L. ex, out, agger, a heap],

enlarge beyond the tnith. Ex-alt' [L. ex^ out, alms, high], raise high.

E^alta'tion. Es-am-i-na'tion [see Examine], careful search

or inquiry, Elx-am'ine [L, exmnen, for exagmen, the

tongue of a balance; as Exact], searcii into, test.

Ex-am'ple [L. exemphim, a sample; eximere (^.'^. €xemptus),to take out; see Exempt], one of a class of like things, something to be copied.

Ex-as'per-ate [L. ex, out, very, asper, rough], irritate greatly, Exaspera'tion.

Ex'ca-vate [L. ex, out, cavus, hollow], hollow out. Excava'tion.

Ex-ceed' [IJ. ex, out, cedere (sup. cessum), to go], go beyond. '

Ex-cel' \Jj. excellere, to excel; ex, out, celsus, high], go beyond in a good sense.

Ex'cel-lence, very great merit. Ex-cepf [-L. exci-pere (p.p. cxceptus), to take

out; ex, out, capere, to take], leave out; leaving out; unle^.

Ex-cep'tion, that which is distinct from others of its kind, objection.

Ex-cep'tion-a-ble, open to objection. Ex-cep'tion-al, not ordinary. Ex'cerpt [L- excerpere (p.p. cxcerptics); ex,

out, and carpere, to pluck], a selected

Ex-ces3' [see Exceed], undue amount, amount by which one exceeds another.

Ex-ces3'ivc, overmuch. Ex-change' [O.F. eschange (n.), pref. es- (L.

ex), out; see Change], give one thing jor another; act of exchanging, a building wiiere merchants transact business.

Ex-cheq'«er [0.3?, eschequier; M.L. scac-cttn'i(m, a chess-board; see Check], division of the High Court of Justice, public treasury.

Ex-cise' (s=z) [prob. M. Du, excijs; Late L, accetisus, a payment; L. ad, to, census, a tax], tax on home goods.

Ex-cise' [L. exddere (p.p. excisus), to excise ; ex, from, cccdere, to cut], cut out.

Ex-ci'sion si~zh\ a cutting off or out. Ex-cite' Cp. excitdre, freq. of e^iCre, to set

in motion; ex, out, and citre, to set in motion], call forth, stir up. Excit'abil'ity, Excite'ment.

Ex-claim' [L, eXf out, clamdre (p.p. clam-dtits), to call], call out.

Ex-cla-ma'tion, a calUng out. Ex-clufle' [L. exdadere (p-P- exdnsus); ex,

out, claudere, to shut], shut out. Ex-clu'sion, act of shutting out. Ex-clu'sivc, shutting out, select. Ex-cog'it-ate [L. ex, out, and Cogitate],

to think out, contiive. Ex-com-mu'ni-cate [L. ex, out; see Com­

municate], put out of communion. Ex-co'ri-ate [L. ex, out, corium, skin], strip

or wear the skin oS. Ex-ores'cence [L, ex, out, crescere, to grow],

abnormal outgrowth. Exores'cent. Ex-erete' [L. excemere (p.p. excrchis); ex,

out, and cemere, to sift], expel waste matter from system. Excre'tion.

Ex-cru'ci-atc (.c=sh) [L. ex, out, exceedingly, crucidre, to torment; crux (crttcis), a cross], to torture.

Ex'Gul-pate [L. ex^ from, ctilpa^ fault], clear from blame.

Ex-cui'sion [L, ex, out, currere (sup. cursuvi), to run], pleasure trip, ramble,

Ex-cur'sive, rambling, Elx-cuse' (s~ii) [L. ex, from, catisa, a cause],

pardon, regard with indiUgence. Ex-cuse' [s=ss) [see Excuse (vb.)], plea for

being excused. Ex'e-cra-ble [see Execrate], detestable. Ex'e-erate [L. ex, out^sacrare, to consecrate;

sacer, sacred], cm-se. Execra'tion. Ex'e-cute [L. exsequl (p.p. cxecHtus), to

execute; ex, out, sequl, to follow], carry out, put to death.

Ex-e-cu'tion, carrying out, skill in playing musical instnmient, seizure of goods from a debtor, infliction of capital punishment,

Executive 76 Exploit Ex-ee'u-tive, carrying into effect; the

persona who admimsfcei' government. Ex-ec'n-tor, Xem. Ex-ec'u-trix, one who sees

to the carrying out of a will. Ex-e-ge'sia i&k. ex^'o\it,)iegcislhai, to lead],

exposition of Scripture. Ex-em'pla-ry (Ex'em-pla-ry) [see Example],

fit to be an example, very good. Ex-em'pli-ly [Example, ^nd L, facere, to

make], lllustTi:a.ts by example. Es-empt' [L. eximere (p.p. exemptus), to take

out; ex, out, cmere, to take], not liable; to free from service, etc. Exemp'tJoa.

Ex'er-eise (s~z) [L. exercere (p.p. exerdtus), to drive on; ex^ out, arcere, to enclose], use, practice, bodily activity, lesson for practice; put in, action,

Ex-erf IX>. exserere (p.p. exerVus^ or exserVus); CI, out, and serere, to put], put forth, as strength. Exer'tion,

Ex'e-unt [3rd pers., plur., pres. of L. exlre, to go out], stage-direction meaning "Tliey go out."

Ex-ha-la'tion, breath, vapour. Ex-hale' [IJ. ex^ out, hSMre, to breathe],

breathe out. Bs-Aaust' [L. ex, out, hanrlre (p.p. hauMxis),

to draw], draw ofE wholly, tire out; exit of Bteam fi*om cylinder after stroke oi piston. Eshaust'ion.

Ex-Aaust'ive, serving to exhaust, complete, Ex-Aib'it [L, exMbere (p.p. exMbitus), to

exhibit; eXy out, Jic^Sre, to have], to display.

Ex-fti-bi'tion, show, place where goods, etc., are displayed on a large scale, money allowance for a student at a univeisity.

Es-ftil'a-rate [L. eXy out, and hilaris, cheer­ful], make meiTy. Exhilara'tion.

"Ex-hovV [L. ex, oub,hortSri (p.p. hortcitits), to encourage], advise or warn.

Ex'/ior-ta'tion, advice, dtecourse of advice. Ex-hume' [L. ex, out, hurmis, the ground],

dig from a grave, unearth, bring to light. Ex'i-geu-cy [L. exigere (pr.p. exigem, -entis),

to exact], pressing necessity. Ex-ig'u-ous [L. exiguus, fr. ex, out, agere, to

drive], scanty, small. Ex'ile [O.F. exil \ L, exsuU an exile. Etym.

doubtftil], banish; banishment; one who has tQ live away from his country.

Es-i3t' [h- ^^> < "*') ' n.d sistere, to set; st&re, to stand], have real being, Exiat'ence.

Ex'it [L. exity "he goes out"; ex, out, and ire, to go], way out, departure.

Ex'6-dus [Gk. exodos, ex, out, hodos, a way], a going out,

Ex-on'er-ate [X. ex, away, and onerdre, to burden; onus, a burden], fi'ee from blame.

Es-or'bi-tant [I^. exorbildre (pr.p. exorhitans, -antis), go out of a wheel-track; err, out, and orhUa, a wheel-track], very excessive.

Ex'or-cise (s=z) [Gk. exorcizein-^ Gk. ex, away, and horcos, an oath], cast out (evil spirits). Ex'orcism.

Ex-ot'ic [(^k. ex5, outside], foreign; foreign plant.

Ex-o-ter'ic [Gk. ex5terd, compar. of exd, out­ward], (doctrines, etc.) com^prehensible to outsiders.

Ex-pand' [L. ex, out, pandere (p.p. pansus), to lie open], open wide, spread.

Ex-panse'i wide extent. Ex-pan'sion, .'spreading out. Expan'sive. Ex-pa'ti-ate (ti=shi) Ih. ex, out, and spatiSri,

to roam; spatittm, space], enlarge in speak­ing OT -Kiiting. EsTiatia'iion,

Ex-pa'tri-ate (pa=pai) [L. ex, flora, and patria, native land], send (a person) away from his countiy. Expatria'tion. "

Ex-pecf [L- ex, out, spectare, to look], look for, look forward to.

Ex-pec-ta'tiou, state of looking forward, that which is looked for. Espec'tancy.

Ex-peo'to-rate [!>. ex, from, pectus pedor-is), the breast], spit. Expectora'tjon.

Ex-pe'di-en-cy, fitness, advisability, Ex-pe'di-ent [L. expediens (^ieniis), pr.p, of

expcdlre, to expedite], fitting, advisable; suitable means for an end, sliift.

Ex'pe-dits [L- ex, out, pes (^ed-is), the foot], hsisten, [jouruey.

Ex-pe-di'tion, speed, warlike enterprise, Ex-pe-di'tious, quick. Ex-pel' [L. ex, out, pellere (p.p. pulsus), to

drive], drive out. Ex-pend' \JJ- ex, out, pendere (p.p. pensics),

to weigli], spend. Ex-pend'i-ture pj. penditus, an irreg. p.p. of

pendere; see ^pend], that which is spent) spending.

Ex-pense', outlay, cost. Bx-pen'sive, costly, dear. Ex-pe'ri-ence [L. experlri (pr.p. expericns);

ex, out, and obs. vb. perlrl, to go throuuh], what one has lived through, practical wisdom; have trial of,

Ex-per'i-ment [as Experience], trial. Ex-pert' [L. expertus, p.p. of cxper^rl; see

Experience], clever, sJdlfuL Ex'pert, one who is specially skilled, an

authority. Ex'pi-ate [IJ. ex, out, pidre (p.p. pidtus),

to seek to appease; pi-its, pious], atone for. Expia'tion.

Ez-pira' [IM ex^ oufc spixaxe^ to breathe], breathe out, die. Expira'tion.

Ex-pi'ry, end. Ex-plain' [L. ex, out, plandre (p.p. plandtus,

to llatten; planum, flat], make plain, accoimt for. Explan'atory.

Ex-pla-na'tion, making plain, meaning. Ex'ple-tive [fv. ex, out, plere (p.p. plilus), to

fill], serving to fill u p ; oath. Ex'pH-ca-ble [L. explicdre, to unfold; ex,

out, plicdre, to foId],'thafc can be explained. Ex-pU'cit (i short) [L. explicittis, p.p. of

explicdre, to unJoIdj, plainly stated. Ex-plode' [1J> explOdere (p.p. explosus), to

explode; ex, out, plodere, plaudcre, to clap hands], burst with violence and noise.

Ex-ploif [0.1''. esploit; L. expHcitum, neut. of explicitus; see Explicit], venturesome deed ; get the value out of.

Explore 77 Facility Ex-plore' [L. ex^ out, plordre^ to make to

flow], search through or into. Explor'er, Ex-plo'sion (si^zh), noisy bursting out. Ex-po'nent [L. cxponens (-entis)^ pr.p. ex-

pGn^re^ to ezpound],'one who expounds, an index (in algebra).

Ex-porf [L. ear, away/yjisr^ttre, to carry], send goods out of a country.

Ex'port» something exported. Ex-pose' (s=z) [L. ex, out, F. -poser, to place],

set out to public view, lay open or bare, Ex-po-si'tion [see Expound], exhibition, full

explanation. Expo'sure. Ex-po3'tu-late [L. ex^ out, postuMrct to ask],

reason with a person against his actions, remonstrate. Expostula'tion.

Ex-pound' [L. eXj out, ponere Cp.p- positm], to place], explain.

Ex-press' [L. ex^ out, premere (p.p. pressus), to press], press out, set forth in words; clear, intended for a special purpose, sent ofE with special speed.

Ex-pres'sion, utterance, form of words, revelation of feeling, etc. Expres'sive.

Ex-preS3'ly, on purpose. i Ex-pro'pri-ate CIJ* ex, from, proprius, one's

own], put out of possession. Ex-pul'sion [see Expel], driving or forcing out. Ex-pnnge' [IJ. ex, out, pungere^ to prick],

wipe out. Ex'pur-gate, Ex-pur'gate [L. .ez, from,

purg&re, to purify], cleanse or purify, Ex'qui-aite (s=z) [L. exqmrere (p.p. exqulsl-

tits), to seek out; ex, out, and qxtcerere, to seek], choice, delicate, keen.

Ex'tant, Ex-tanf [L. cxstdre (pr.p. cxstan^^ -antis), to stand out; ex, out, and stare, to stand], still existing.

Er-tem-po-ra'ne-OQS, Ex-tem'po-ra-ry, Ex-tem'po-re [L. ex tempore, at the moment; ex, from, tempus (abl. tempore), time], arising from the occeaion, without study.

Ex-tem'po-rize, make or utter ofEhand. Ex-tend' [L. ex, out, tendere ,(p.p. tentus or

tensile), to stretch], stretch out. Ex-ten'sion, a stretching out, enlargement. Ex-ten'sive, very large, Ex-tenf, size, space occupied.. Ex-ten'u-ate [L. ex, out, tenuis, thin], make

a partial excuse for. Extenua'tlon. Ex-te'ri-or [L. extents, compar. of exterior,

outside], outward; the outside. Ex-ter'mi-nate [L. ex, out,, terniinus, a

boundary], root out, destroy. [outside. Ex-ter'nal [L. extemus, outward], outward, Ex-tinct', no longer burning, obsolete. Ex-tine'tion, a putting out of light, life, etc. Ex-tin'guish [L, extinguere (p.p. extinctusy,

ex, out, stinguere, to quench], put out, as a light. Extin'guisher.

Ex'tir-pate [L. extirpure (p.p. extirpStns), to root out; ex, out, stirps, a stem], root out.

Ex-tol' [L. ex, out, tollere, to lift], praise, glorify.

Ex-tort' [L. ex, out, torquSre (p.p. tortus), to twist], wrench from, exact by force. Extor'tion.

Ex'tra [L. extra, beyond], beyond what ia p due or usuaL •

Ex-tracf [L. ex, out, traherc (p.p. tractus), to draw], draw out or forth.

Ex'tract, quotation, essence. Ex-trac'tioD, drawing out, family descent. Ex-tra-di'tion [L. ex, out, and Tradition],

surrender to a foreign country of a person accused of a crime. Ex'tradite,

Ex-tra'ne-ous [L. extranexis, from extra, out­side], without or beyond a thing, not essential.

Ex-traor'di-na-ry, Ex-tca-or'di-na-ry, beyond ordinary.

Ex-traVa-gaut [L. extra, beyond, vagQ.Ti (pr.p. vagans, -arUis), to wander], going beyond bounds, wasteful, immoderate in spending. Extrav'agance.

Ex-treme' [L- extremus, superl. of exterus, outward], utmost, outermost; utmost point or limit.

Ex-trem'i-ty, end, utmost need. Ex'tri-cate [L. ex, out, trices, impediments],

disentangle, set free. Extrica'tion. Ex-trude' [L. ex, out, trUdere, to thrust],

thrust out, Extni'sion. [flowing. Ex-u'ber-ant [L. ex, out, Hbcr, fertile], over-Ex-ude' [IJ. ex, out, sUdare (p.p. sudaliis), to

sweat], sweat out, ooze, EiS-ult' [IJ. exsultare; ex, out, and saXtare, freq,

of mlire, to leap], rejoice greatly, triumph. Exulta'tion.

E /as (ey=i) [for nyas. P. niais, a nestling ; L. n?dM5, a nest], young hawk taken from the n(st. [to watch.

Eye (i) [O.E. ea^e, etym, dub.], organ of sight; Eyelet [M.E. oilet; "P. ceillet, dim. of ceil',

L. oculus, the eye], small hole to receive a cord.

Eye'sore, something offensive to the sight. Eye'tooth, upper tooth under the eye. Ey'rie, Eyry (ey=V) [see Aerie], nest of a

bird of prey.

F Fa'ble [L./a&wto, a story], story usually with

animals for characters. Fab'ulist, Fah'ric [L. fabrica, a worlshop; fahcr, a

workman], structure, cloth. Fab'ri-cate, to frame, make up (a lie, etc).

Fabrica'tion. Fab'u-lous, told in fable, incredible. Fa-yade' [pop. L. facia; L. facias, the face],

front of a building. Face [L. fades, the face], front surface, front

of a head; meet in front, meet bravely. Fa'cet (d) [F. facette, dim. otface, face], small

plane surface, a side of many-faced body. Fa-C8'tious0i=5^) [Ij.facetiis, witty], witty,

jocular, Fa'cial (ci=sh), of or relating to the face. Fa'cile (&) [L. facilis, easy; facere, to do],

easy, easily persuaded. Fa-cU'i-tate, make less difBcult. F&^U'i-ty. ease, advantage.

Facsimile 78 Farrow Fac-sim'i-le [L. fac simile, mako thou like;

/ ac , impcr. offaccre, to make, simile^ neut. of simiiis, like], exact copy.

Fact [L. facere (p.p. factus), to do], thing (loiie (fi.g, before the fact), a t r u t h known. by obserration.

Fac'tion [L. facius, done ; see Fact], party •working for solfirfh ends.

Fac-ti ' tiou3 (iti=ish) [L. factus, made], not natural , sham.

Fac'tit-ive, Tcrb of making, thinking, calling, which takes object and complement (he thought hcT mad).

Fae'tor[L./ctc;or, adoe r ; /aciiis,done],agent, number which multiplied by another or others produces a given number, circum­stance which helps t o produce a result. Factor'ial,

F a c ' t o i y , building ivhere goods are made, merchant company's t rading station.

Fac-to ' tum [L. fac totum, do all (see Fac­simile)], one employed for all work.

Fac'ul-ty [JJ, facidtas (j=facUitas, facility), /aci7i5, easy], mental power, department of a university, members of a profession.

Fad [?]j craze, foolish hobby. Fad'dist, one who indulges in fads. Fade [O.F. fade, dull, perh. fr, L. lapidits,

stale], grow dun, lose freshness. Fag [perh. corrupt, of Flag*], grow weary,

use as a d rudge ; schoolboy who drudges for another.

Fag'got, Fag'ot [F . fagot. Of doubtful origin], bundle of sticJiS.

Fahr'en-heit iei=?) [name of P r u ^ i a n inventor], thcnnometer with freezing-point 32°, and boiling-point 312".

Fail L.fallere, t o deceive], fall short or away, become bankrupt . FaU'ing.

FaU'nie, a fallmg short or away, ivant of success, bankruptcy.

Fain [O.E. fcegm, glad], glad. Faint [O.F. feivt, orig. p .p . of feindre, to

feign], weak, dim, inclined to swoon; a swoon; to become senseless.

Fair [O.B. fmger, fair], pleasing to the eye. light complesioned, just . [market!

Fair [L. fSrla^ a holiday, later, a fair], Fai ' iy [O.'F. faerie, enchantment; fae, a fay],

small superantural being in human form. Faith tO.I'\ feid, faith, fr. L. fides, faith],

belief, t rust . Faith'fuJ, constant in affection, trustworthy. Fa-Mr' , Fa-C[uir' (ir=^ecr, qu=]c) [Arab./ajzV,

a poor man] , Oriental religious beggar. Fal 'chion (a=aw ; ch=sh) [L. falz(falc-is),

a sickle], short curved sword. Fal 'con CFa7con) (a~aio)[L.Jj. falco, falcon,

perh. ir.falXf a sickle], bird of prey. Fa? ' -coner.

Fall (a=iaw) [O.E. feallan, cf. L. fallere, to deceive], come down suddenly, drop ; act of falling.

Fal-Ia'cioug (ci=sh), deceptive. F^ ' l a -cy [FJ. falla^: (falldc-is), deceitful;

faUerpyto deceive], dt 5ption,errorfounded on false reasoning.

Fal'li-He IJ. L.falUbilis; allere, to deceive], liable to CLT.

Fal'Ioiw pil-E. fidu^e, jughed land], left imsown after plough] ,'.

Fatlotw (O.ll . falu^ perh. cogn. with L. pallidm, p:'lc], lipht brown or red (of deer).

FaJso (a=fluO [0.>^. fals; L. fallere (p.p. falsus),to deceive], not t rue.

False'hoofl, lie. Fal'si-fy [ l^ falsifier, to falsify; see False],

make (a s tatement , account, etc.) false. Falsiilca'tion.

Fal'si-ty, fal^-eness. Fal ' ter (a—aw) [etym. dub. ] , hesitate, speak

brokenly, stumble. [reputation. Fame IL.yilma, report] , public report, good Fa-mil ' iar [TJ. /a;/i ihdns; see Family],

closely acquainted, well kno'mi, uncere­monious ; spirit in at tendance. Fomili-a'rity.

Fam'i-ly [ IJ . familia, household; famulus, a servant], household, ciiildrcn and parents , children of the same parents , line of ancestors. [of food.

Fam'inc \J-i. fames, hunger], general scarcity Fam'ish [b. fames, hunger] , s tarve. Fa 'mous, widely known and talked of. F a n \ti. vannus, a fan], instrument for pro­

ducing a current of a i r ; blow air on with a fan,

Fan-at ' io [L. fanum, a temple], wildly zealous person (esp. in religion). Fanat ' i -cism.

Fan'cy [short for Fantasy], light effort of imagination, wh im; imagine, l i ke ; ex­t ravagant , ornamental.

Fane £L./a7tw7?z, a temple], temple. Fan'faie C^. fanfare. Prob. imit.], flourish

of t rumpets . Fang [U.B./flTi^], tusk, long pointed tooth. Fan-tas ' i-a [It. , sco Fantasy], a fanciful

musical composition, not governed by ordinary rules.

Fan-tas'Kc, whimsical, odd. Fan'ta-sy, Phan' tarsy [G-k. phantasia, fan­

tasy ; phantasein, t o display], fancy, a creation of the Imagination. [distance.

Far [O.B, feor, far] , distant, a t a great Farce LLr. farclre, to stufE], comedy with

broad humour. Fac'ci-cal, absurd. Fare [O.E./ara?i, to go], go, be in any state

gooi or bad, to feed ; price for a. journey, food.

Fare-well' (li* * &o well), good-bye. Far-i-na'ceou3 (ce—sh) [L. farina, flour,

meal ; far, corn], made of or yielding meal or flour.

Farm [P. ferme, farm ; Late L. firma, fixed payment ; firmiis, strong], land leased for tillage or pa s tu re ; lease for rent , till.

Far-ra'go (ra^rah or rai) IL. farrago, raixed fodder; far, corn], mixture, m^edley.

Fai 'ri-er iOJP.ferricri L . ferrum, iron], one who shoes or doctors horses.

faftQW tClD, fearhi a pig], l i t ter of pigs; produce pigs.

Farther 79 Female Far ther [see Far, th ou])houio], conip. of

i ir, more distant. Far thest. Far'thingtO'-D fcorthmg, dim. of OX ftortha^

fourthj, tho fourth of a penny. Far thin-gale [0 V.ierduqale ^ Sp.itrdiigado,

Sp. verdzigo, a rod], old-fashioned hooped petticoat.

Fas'ci-nate [L. fasctmtm, a spell], to charm, depiivo of power to escape or resist,

Fash'tou [3j. factio^ a makmg; facere, to make], make or form, prevaihng mode, esp. of dress; to form Fash'ionable.

Fast [O.B. fwstan, to fast], keep from food, abstinence from food.

Fast [0 '^.fceste], quick, fiim. Faafi'en [O.E./a5inmn],niake fast, fix firmly. Fas-tid'i-ous [L. fastidxosus^ fr fastxdium^

loathing], over-nice, hard to please. Fast^ness, firmness, a stronghold or fort. Fat [O.B./ic«],oilyanmialsubstance , fleshy,

oily. Fa't^, decreed by fate, deadly. Fa-tal'i-ty, occuirence causmg death. Fate ih. fan (p p. fatus\ to speak], lot,

couree of life winch cannot be escaped. Fa'ther [O.E. feeder], a male parent, [wife. Fa'ther-in-law', father of one's husband or Fath'om [0 E. fcethm^ length reached by the

arms extended, au. embmee], measasy^ ot SIX feet; try the depth of, comprehend.

Fa-tigue' ifa-teeY) [L. fatigare, to weary], weariness; to tire.

Faf ten, make or grow fat. Fat ty, containing fat, Fat'u-ous [L. fatuus, silly], foolish. Fatu'ity. Fau'cal [L. fauces, the throat], of the throat. Fault [formerly/aw^e; O.T.faute, L fallere,

to deceive], a want, moral failing, (geol) diblocation of btrata. Faultless, [and a tail.

Faun [L. JFaunus], rural demigod with horns Fau'na [Mod L 1 auna, the sister of Faunus ;

see Faun], ammals of a given place or time. Fa'vour IJ. favor (n ), fr. vb. faiere, favour],

goodwill, countenance, to countenance, be partial to. [geous.

Fa'vouT-a-ble, kmdly disposed, advanta-Fa'vour'ite, one regarded with great love or

esteem; preferred, chosen. Fawn [0 P./aon, a fawn], yoimg deer, light

yellowish brown. Fawn [O E. fahman, to rejoice, see Fain],

court favour by crmgmg. Fay [0 P./ae, a faiiy; L.fata, pi. otfatum,

fate], fairy. Fe'al-ty [L. fidelis, faithful, fidSs, faith],

faithfuluKS to one's lord. Fear [O.E, /ar , cf, Ger. gefahr, danger],

painful uneasiness felt on approach, of danger; feel fear,

Fear'ful, full of fear, causmg fear. Feasi-ble (s~z) [F. faire (pr.p. faisant);

L. facere, to do], capable of bemg done. Feasibil'ity.

Feast [L festa, pi of fcsium, a festival], iioliday, meal with much, or many kmds of, food ; provide with or partake of rich provisions.

Feat [O.E. fait; 1>. facere (p v. factus), to do], si-nking a,ct of btiength, skill, etc.

Fertth'er [O.E. fcther'], what growa on the skin of a bird; luinish withfeathcrb, turn (the flat of an oar) to surface of ^ attr

Fea'ture [L. factUra, fut. part. fern, of facere, to make], distmctive part of a thmg, esp. of the face.

Feb'n-fuge [L. febns, fever, fugHre^ to drive away], medicme to lessen fever,

Fe'bnle or Feb'nle [E. febns, fever], relatmg to fever.

Feb'ru-ar-y [L. Fehruantis (mensis), (month) otfcbrua pi o£ febrmtm, punficiUon), a festival of purification held on the 15th of this month], second month of the year (Rom, twelfth)

Feckless [Scot., perh. for Effectles], feeble, mefl:ective. [ness.

Fe-cun'di-ty [L. fccundus, fruitful], fruitful-Fed'er-al [L. fa:dus feeder is), a treaty],

relatmg to a league. Fed'er-a'hon [see Federal], a bandmg tO'

gether of states, etc, Fee [O.E. fiu,fe,fiefi M E. feodum, a fee, a

fief], payment for service, mhci ited estate Fee'ble [L. fiebihs, doleful, n^eak, Jlgre, to

weep], weak. Fee'bleness. Feed [O.i: fManI, qive food to, supply. Feel [O.E./ ZflTi], touch, have a sea=e of Feel'er, sense organ of some amraab-, Feel'lDg, touch, sensation, sentiment. Feifirn (ei=:ai) [O.P. fcindre (pr p. fetgnant),

E. fingere, to feign], pretend Feint (ei^ai) [E. p.p. of feindre, to feign],

pretence. Feld'spar, Fel'spar [comipt. fr. Qzv.feldspatk-,

feld, a field, and spat^ spar], mmeral found m granite, etc.

Fe-li'ci-ta'tion (t short) [see Felicity], a wish­ing of happmess. [ness.

Fe-li'ci-ty [L fehx (felu-is), happy], happi-Fe line [E. fdts, a cat], relatmg to or like a

cat, Fell 1 [pF.fel; Late. L fello, a felon], cruel Fell 2 [0,E, fell, cogn. with L. pellzs, a hide],

skin vnth. the wool or hair on, Fell 3 [O.K. Jiaiq, barren hill. Fell ^ [causative of Fall], knock down. Felloe, Fel'ly lO.'E.feig, a felloe], one of the

curved pieces of the rira of a wheel. Fellow [O E. fMaga, one who lay^ down

money in partner=Jiip See Fee and Lay], companion, mate, man (familiai ly), scholar in a college who holds a f ellowslup, member.

FelloMJ-ship, compamonship, dignity or mcome for a college fellow.

Fel'on [L L. fcllo (fetkmis), felon ; see Fell i], criminal, Felo mous.

Felt[0 E./eZ(,cf Du i2/«],fabiic wrought by roUmg and pressure.

Fel-uc'ca [lb. fcluca; perh.fr Aiab full, a ship], small Mediteirranean coastmg ship,

Fe'male [E. femella, dim. of fZmina, a woman], of the sex to which a ^voman belongs,

Feminine 80 Filament Fem'i-nine [L. fSmina^ a woman], relating to

woman, Femimn'iiy. Fe'mur [L. femuTy thigh], tbigh-bone. Fen [O.E./en, c£. Du. ten], marsh. Fence [short for Defence], enclosure, esp, of

wood ; practise fighting with the sword. Fend [short for Defend], keep off, resist. Fend'er [short for Defender], metal frame

round a fire, bars of wood, etc., to pre­vent barges, etc., touching.

Fen'nel [L. fainiciilum^ fennel, double dim. of fcemim, hay], aromatic plant.

FeofE C , see Fief. Fer-ment', cause or undergo fermentation. Fer'ment [L. femientum, learen; fervcre^ to

boil], agitation, that which causes fer­mentation. [tion.

Fer-men-ta'tion, action of yeast, etc., agita-Fern [O.B, fearn\ kind of plant, usually

flowerless, often producing feathery fronds or leaves.

Fe-ro'cioua (ci~sh) [L. ferox(Jer5c-is\ cruel], fierce, wild. Fero'city. [iron.

Fer're-OUfl [h.ferrum^ iron], of or containing Fer'ret [O.F. furd^ <Hm. of furon, fr. L.L.

fuTo (furonis\ a robber], animal of the weasel kind ; search out.

Fer-ru'^-nous [L. ferrSgo (ferrUgin-is), rust], containing iron or iron-rust.

Fer'rule [O.F. virelle; L. viriolay a little brace­let]; metal ring round a stick, etc., to strengtlien it.

Fer'ry [O.E. ferian, to convey across; faran, to go], part of a narrow water which is crossed in a boat; take over in a boat,

Fer'tilej Fer'tile [L. ferrCf to bear], fruitful. Fer'ti-lize, make fertile, Fer'ule [formerly ferula i L. ferula^ giant

fennel (its stalks were used to punish schoolboys), a rod], flat piece of wood used for punisliment, esp. on the hand.

Fer'ven-cy, warmth, ardoijr. Fer'vent [L. fervere (pr.p. fervens, -entis)^ to

boil], hot, glowing, intense. Fer'vid [L. fervere^ to boil], very hot, fei-vent. Per'vour, heat, great-zeal, Fes'tal [L. festum^ a feast], relating to a feast

or holiday. Fes'ter [O.P. feslre; L. fistula, an ulcer], be

inflamed and suppurate. [celebration. Fes'ti-val [see Festive], time of feasthig or Fes'tive [L, fesilviis; festunit a feast], gay. Fes-tiv'i-ty, social joy, gaiety. Fes-toon' [It. festone, perh. fr, L. festum, a

feast], wreath hanging in a curve -, adorn with hang in, festoons.

Fetch [O.E./(?cc(e)a«.], go and bring. Fet'id, Fetid [I*, fetidus^ fetid; fetere, to

stink], having a bad smelL Fet'ish, Fef ich [Port, fdiico, charm; L.

facticius^ artificial; facere^ to make], object of woisMp by savages, any object unduly reverenced.

Fet'lock [M.S. fytloJc], tuft of hair about a horse's hoof, place where it grows,

Fet'ter [O.E./pter, a shackle for the foot; fCt, foot], foot-shackle; put chains on, to bind.

Feftle[O.E./rfe;,aboud],condition,state(cf, in goodfettlo).

Feu [variant of Feel) ^ Scotland a piece of ground granted in perpetuity for which rent called feii-duty is paid. [enmity.

Feud [M.E, and O.F. /erfe], long-continued Feud [as Fee], lief. Feu'dal, iield. of an overlord. Feu'dalism, Fe'ver [L. febris, fever], disease character­

ised oy hi' h temperature, Fe'verish. Few [O.E./^cipe], not many, small number. Fez [Turk, fcs^ perh. from J'c^, town in

Morocco], felt or cloth cap with a tassel. Fi-aa'co [It. fiasco^ a bottle], complete failure. Fi'at [E. fiat, let it be done, 3rd pers. sing.

pres. snbj. otfi^ri, iv.facere, to do], decree, order.

Fib [perh. fr. obs. fible-fable, nonsense; see Fable], a lie ; tell a lie.

Fi'bre [L. fihra, a thread], fine thread or threadlike substance. Fi'brous.

Fic'kle [O.E. j^o?], changeable. Fic'Menesg. Fic'tion \li.fi7yjere (p.p.fictiis), to feign], story,

made-up tale. FiC-ti'tious (i short, ti=sli\ not genuine. Fid'dle [pern. fr. Late L. vititla, a viol], violin. Fi-del'i-ty [L. fidelis, faithfifl; fides, faith],

faithfulness. Fidg'et [dim. of obs. fidge, to move up and

down], move uneasily; (n. pi.) restless movements.

Fid-u'cia-iy (cia=sha) [L. fldHcia, trust], held or given in trust; trustee.

Fief (ie=c'') [OJF.fi^f, formerly fiu; see Feu], land held of a superior on condition of militaiy service.

Field [O.E. feld], piece of land enclosed for tUlagc, open space ; stand out in the field to stop and return the ball in cricket.

Field'fare [M.E. Jeldefare], small thrush. Reld-mar'shal, army officer of the highest

rank. Fiend 10,'E. fiond, an enemy], one who is very

wicked, devil. Fiend'ish. [wild. Fierce [L. ferns, wild], furious, violent and Fi'er-y, containing or like fire, hot. Fife [E./t/re, or Ger, /(?(/e, a pipe], small flute

with one key. TiSrtesn' [see Five and Ten], number inCicat-

iiig sum of five and ten. Fifty [Five and suf. -tij, tens], number indi­

cating five tens, Fig 0^. figue; L. ficus, fig], fruit of a tree

with large leaves, [struggle, Fight [O.E. feQktan% strive against an enemy; Fig'ment [L, fingere, to feign], something

feigned or imagined, Fig'ur-a-tivc, containmg a figure of speech,

representing by resemblance, not literal. Fig'iire[E,yi£rum, figure; fmgere, to fashion;],

shape, symbol representing a number, fanci­ful form of speech; make an image of, calculate the amount of, appear as.

Fig'ure-head', figure on tlie prow of a ship, he.'td of a body but without influence.

Fil'a-meut[Ij.yi?um, thread; filare, to spin], thi'ead.

''*''> I .^--•'\

-c|U5.«-- lir

Filbert 81 Flail Fil'bert [dial. F. noix de filbert^ a nut ripe

about St Philibert's Day, August 22], hazel­nut, I,

Filch (ch=ish) [etym. dub.], steal, File [L, fxlG,re, to spin; filum, a tliread],

row of soldiers one behind another, wire on which papers are strung; march in file, place in order for future reference,

File [O.E./^ori; tool, cut or smooth with a file. lil'i-al [L. fUius, a son.; • filia, a daughter],

dutiful as soii or daughter. Fil'i-biist-er I'Du. vnjbuiter; vrij, free, buit,

booty], freebooter. Fil'i-gree p t . fiUgrana \ L, fUum, a thread;

grdnum, grain], fine jewel work of threads and beads, usually of gold and silver, [of.

Fill [O.E.yy/Zaji],ma'ke full,occupythc whole Fil'let [F. fikt_ dim. of fll, a thread; L.

ftlum^ a thread], band, lean boneless piece of meat.

Pil'lip [another form of Flip], jerk of the finger, something to rouse.

Kl'Iy [perh. OJN.ff/ljai allied tofoli^ a foalj, young mare.

Film [O.E.'j^Zmen, a membrane; /d, sldn], thin skin, coating of isinglass on a photo­graphic plate, or used Instead of plate, series of pictures in a cinematograph. Film'y.

FiUtei [F. fiUre; Low L. fiUrum^ a filter; see Felt], strainer; purify by putting through a filter.

Filth [O.E. smi\, foul matter, dirt. Fin [O.E.yinn.], limb of a iish. Fi'nal [L./Miis, the end], last. E-nance' 0 or ?) [O.F. fmer, to pay a debt],

public money, money matters. Rnan'cler, Finan'cial.

Finch [O.E.^tnc], small singing bird. Find [0 ,E, j?n(ia«], meet with, come upon after

search. Fine •*• [E. fm; Kom. fino, perh. fr. Bom.

fmito, finished], delicate, noble, Fine^ [M.E, and O.F. fin,- settlement of

dispute; L. finU^ the end], sum paid as a penalty,* impose a fine.

Fi'ner-y [see Finei], showy clothes. Fin-esse' [F, finesse; sec Finei], fine con­

trivance, artfulness. Fin'ger [O.IJ. finger^ perh. cogn. with Five],

limb of the hand ; to handle. Fin'ic-al [perh. fr. Fine i] , too particular. Fin'ish [L, finlre, to end], to end, perfect;

end, perfection due to labour. Fi'nite [L. fimre (p.p. fimtus), to finish],

having a limit, Fin'nan [perh. fr. Biver Findhom], land of

cured haddock. Fiord, Fjord (fyord) [Norw. fjord; Dan.

fiord, fjord], long inlet of sea between high cliffs.

Fir [O.E f?(rh; cf. O.N. and Swed. fura; Dan. /r/r, fir], cone-bearing tree.

Fire [O.E./j/r], that which burns ; set fire to. Fire'brand, piece of burning wood; one who

kindles strife. " [mines. Fire'damp, explosive gas found in coal

Kre'fiy, a luminous winged beetle, Fire'i-rons, shovel, poker, and tongs. Fire'work^ contrivances to produce a show

of light, coloured fire, etc, Fir'kin [M.E./m^e^-jrn, prob. from Du. vierdey

fourth, and suf, kin (a dim in.)], an old measure containing' 9 gallons, a small casJf,

Fiim[L./trmi«,firm],fixed,solid. Pirm'ness. Firm [Sp. flnna.; L. firmare^ to confirm;

firmus, finn], commercial house. Fir'ma-ment (L. flrmus, firm], the sky. Kr'man [Pers.- Jermany Oriental ruler's

mandate. First [O.E./yr5(], before all others. Krat'ling (usu. pi.), first result or fruit, fii-st

born of season. Firth, Frith [Scot, word, from Scand.-O.N.

fjb'rihr; Dan, fiord; Swed. fjdrd]^ an arm of the sea, ^tuary.

Fis'cal [Xi, fiscus, a purse], relating to the public treasury,

Fish [O.E, Ji-sc, cogn. with L. jjwcis], a water animal that breathes by gills; to try to catch fish.

Fish'er-y, a place for catching fish, the business of fishing.

Fish'mon-gec (o=^) [O.E. jtjc, fish, maiigerey a, merchant; IJ. mango, dealer], a dealer in fish.

Fis'sile [L. flssus, cleft], that can be split. Pis'suie (ss=^sh) [L. findere (p.p. fissus\ to

cleave], a cleft. Fiat [O.E./iJst], a closed hand. Rst'i-cuffs, fighting with the fists. [on, Fit [?], suited, competent, able; make fit, try Fit [O.E. fitty a struggle], sudden seizure

implying loss of consciousness. Five [0,E,/i/],one more than four, [settle. Fix [L f^ere (p.js. fixxis\ to fix], fasten, Fix'it-y, state of being fixed. Fix'ture, that which is fixed, Fizz [imit.], hiding sound. [tonish, Flab'her-g^ [?]» dumbfound, greatly as-FlaVby [weakened form of flappjj; sea

Flap], loose and soft. Flao'cid [L. fhcddus^ jlaccits, limp], flabby,

soft and weak. Flag • [perh. imit. of sound made; etym.

dub.], strip of cloth at the end of a staff. Flag ^ [etym. dub., of. Da. flag]^ aquatic plant. Flag [earlier meaning a sod, perh. fr, O.K".

^ag, a place whence sod has been cut], flat stone. [lose vigour.

Flag * [perh. from noticing flag droop], droop, Fla-geHa'tion [L. flagellum, a scourge],

whipping, scourging. Fla-geo-let', Fla'geo-let (geo^jo) [F., dim. of

O.F,^ajol, etym, dub.], wind instrument like flute.

Flargi'tious (ti=37i, g soft) [L. fldgitium, a crime], shamefully wicked.

Flag'on[Ar.E.;?t2/irort; O.P.j^acon; see Flask], large vessel for liquor, large bottle,

Fla'grant [L. fUigr&re (pr.p. flagrans, -antis^ to burn], glarmg.veiy wicked, Fla'grancy.

Flail iO.'E.fiigel; L. flagelliim, a whip], hand-threshing instrument,

Flake Flour Flake [etym. dub., cf. Norw. fiak, a slice],

scale or layer, feathery particle. Flam'beau eau~S) [dim. of O.P. Jlambe^ a

flame], torclu Flam-boy'ant Cpr-p. of P. flainboyer^ fr.

fiambe, a flame], floridly decorated, gorgeonslj coloured.

Flame [L. jlamma, n fl^me], stream of light and heat; to blaze.

Fla-min'go [Port. Jlamengo^ perh. fr. Horn. fiama^ flame], lons~Iegged wading-bird with scarlet plumage. [rim.

Flangerperh.O,F,^a7ic7)e, a flank], projecting Flank [F. fimic, ^tynx. doubtful], side. Flan'nel [W. gwlanen, from gwldUf wool],

loosely spun woollen cloth. Flap [imifc.], broad, loose hanging piece, a

beating of wings; more as do •wings. Flare [?], bui-n with an unsteady broad light. Flash [prob. imiti], a burst of light; break

forth suddenly aa light, Flasli'y, showy. Flask [cf. It. fiasco, Ger. flasche, perh. fr. L.

vasculum, small vessel], narrow-nected Yessol o£ glass or metal.

Flat [O.N flair; cf, Swed. flat; Dan. flmq, even, dull; a plain, storey of a building, character in music (j?).

Flaf ter [perh. fr, O.F. flaier^ to smooth], praise insincerely, Flaf tery.

Flaf u-lent [L. fi0.re (p.p, fiatus\ to blow], windy, Flafutence.

Flaunt [?], make a bold show oi. Flaa'tisfe au=aw') [It. flavio^ a flute], player

on the flute. Fla'-vouE (a=at) [O.F. flmir, smell; perh.

fr. L. fragrdrcy to be fragrant], marked taste; to season,

Flaw [peril. O.Jf. fiaga, a flaw, a flake; seo Hake], imperfection. Flaw'kss.

Flax [O.B. ficax\, plant of which the fibre is used for linen.

Flax'en, made of flax, light straw-colour. Flay LO.E. fi^7i\, to skin. Flea [O.E, flea/i], leaping insect infesting

larger animals. Fleck [fr, or cogn. with O.K. flekkr^ a spot],

spot or streak. Fledge [M.33. fledge, ready to fly], furnish

with feathei^ for ilight. Keag''(e)ling. Flee [O.B.J?^oii], run away from, Fleece [O.E. fleos]^ sheep's coat of wool;

strip the fleece off, pltmder. Fleer [cf. Norw. flira, to grin], jeer. Fleet^[0.E./fiuta7!,to fly], swift; fly swiftly. Fleet ^ [O.E. fiioty a ship, shipping], nomber of

ships under one command* Flesh [O.E. flitsc, muscle and fat, Fles'i-hle, easily bent. Fleidhil'ity. Flex'ion [L. Jkctere (p.p. flezus), to bend],

a bending, Flex'or, muscle which bends a part. Flick [hnife.], light hlow ; strike lightly. Flick'er [0.13, flicoHan imit.], waver un-

steadfly, Flight CO.E. fl.yhi (0. Teut. fieugan, fly)],

act of flying

Flighf y, cU;'ngeable, giddy. Highf iness. Flim'sy (s--^") [prob. imifc., suggested by

Film], Wfsk and umiubstantiiil. Fiim'K-nes3.

Flinch (c7i=sh) [O.P, flenchir. Origin un­known], draw back, shrmk,

FUng[cf.U.2T.^en5r/a], throw; a tlurow, kick. Flint [O.E. perh, cogn. with Gk. plinthoa, 'A

stone], very hard kind of stone. Flip [imifc.], put in motion by a Ughfc Jerk or

touch; li'jhfe jerk(especlaUy of the fingers). Flip'pant [p 'rh. ix. Flip], light or irreverent in

speedi. Flip'paney. Flip'per, broad flat Umb used for swimming. Flirt [imit.], dart about lightly, play at

courtship; one who plays at courtship. Flirta'tion.

Flit [O.N. pjtja, cogn. with Fleet^], fly or move lightly, remove.

Flitch [0.£. fliccc], sido of bacon. Float [O.E, flotian]^ rest or move on water

or in QiJ', form com^jany ; raft, cork used in angling.

Float-a'tion, Flot-a'tion, starting of a business enterinisc.

Flock [O.E- flocc, perh. cogn. with Folk], company of sheep or birds; gather iu companies.

Flock [prob. O.^. Jloc; L. Jloccus, lock ol wool], stufHng of v/ool and cut cloth.

Floe [perh. Norse flo, layer], flat masj of floating ice.

Flo^ [perh. fr, L. fiagelldre, to whip], beat with a rod or whip.

FIooi(oi?=5'S)[O.B.^d£r], great flow of water, overflow; to overflow.

Floor (oo~o) [O.E, fldr], lower sm-face of a room or building, storey of a bmlding.

Flop [var. of Flap], flap, fall clumsfly. Flo'ia [li. Flora, the goddess of flowers;

fl^sQldr-is)i a flower], plants of a locality or period.

Flo'ral, made of flowers. Flor-es'cence [L. florescere, fr. fios^ JlGris, a.

flower], flowering time or state. Flor'id, flowery, red. Flor'in [It. fiorino, dim. of fiore, a flower;

L. flos (flor-is% a flower, the original Flor'.'jitine coin liaviug the flgure of a lUy stamped upon it], coin.

Flor'ist [L. flvs (^fi5r-is\ a flower], seller of flowei-s. [silk.

Floss [perh, O.F. flosche, don'o], untwisted Flo-til'la [Sp. flotiUa, dim. of flx)ta, a fleet],

small fleet, fleet of small vessels. Flof sara [A.-P. flotesmt, flotsam; O.F floter,

to float], floating goods from a wreck. Flounce [cf. Korw. fiunsa, to plunge], spring

or turn with a ierk. Flounce^ [earlier frounce', O.P, froncir, to

wrinkle], ornamental strip on a dress, Moun'der [O.F, fiondre; cf. Korw. Jlundra ;

Dan. fiyhder^ a floimder], flat fish. Floan'der [imit., perh. suggested by Flounce

and Flood], fling about awkwardly, FloAU [short for Flower (of wheat)], meal

ground to powder,

Flourish 83 Forcible Hour'igh h,jlorere, to flourish; Jlo9(fidr-is),

a flowei], tluive, brandish, ornament of flowing cui\c3, a waving motion, fanfaie of tiumpets.

Flout [peril, yar, of Flute], mock. [m^. Floii?[0 13.j?o;fa)i],moveaswater; astream Flow'er [L. flos QiSr-ts), a flower], blossom ;

to blosFom. Flow'ery. Fluc'tu-ate [L. Jliictus, a waTc], mo-\ e as a

wave, waver. Fluctaa'tion. Flue [perb. cogn. with Flow], pipe or passage

for conveying- flame and hot gases. Hu'en-ey [ij. finere, to flow], flowing speech. Flui'fy [ong. uncertam], soft and downy. Flu'id [I/, fiiiidiis^ flo^Mng; /liiere, to flow],

body whose particles move among them­selves, i.e. a kquid or a gas; moving easily, not stable. Huid'ity.

Fluke [0 E. Jl(c, cogn. •with Ger. JlacJi, flat], a flounder.

Fluke [?], accidental success, Plum'mer-y [W. Ihjmrii, sour oatmeal boiled],

ligiit food, trash. Flun'key [perh. F. JlanqueTy to run by the side

of; see Flank], livened seivant Plur'ry [imit.], excitement and huriy, gust

or squall, sudden rush of birds, to bewfldei, confuse.

Hush 1 [perh. unit, mfluenced by Flash], to flood, blush; sudden rush or flow.

FlushS [piob. fr. Hush ^], full to overflowmg, level.

Flush 3 [perh. unit, of. Fly, Rush], fly away, start a bird or flock of birds

rius'ter [Icel. Jlaustra (vb.), Jiaustr (n.)], confuse; agitation.

Flute [O.F, fiaute, fleute. Of uncertam origm], musical -wmd instrument, channel (as in a column or raffle) ,• play flut«, maLe grooves m.

Flut'y, flute-like, soft and cleir. Flut ter [0 13. fiolonan^ to float about], flap

the wmgs without fiymg; confused motion [nvers.

Flu'vi-al [L. fluizus^ a river], belongmg to Flux [L. Jluire (p p. Jluxiis), to flow], flowmg,

constant change. Fly [O.E. filogan, to fly; flioge, fiyge, a fly],

wmged tosect, light carnage; move with wings, flee from.

Fljf'Ieat blank leaf at the begmnmg or end of a book.

Fly'whecl, lai^e -wheel to equalise the move­ment m machinery or accumulate pow er.

Foal rO.E, fola], young of a mare, Foam [O.K/am], froth; to fioth. Foam'y. Fob [?J, watch pocket. Fob [ef. Da. foppen^ to cheat], cheat, take

m, impose upon. Fo'cus [L. focus, a hearth], cential pomt, one

of two points m an elhpse, etc.; to con­verge, adjust. Fo caL

Fod'der [O.E,/tJfZorJ, food for cattle. Foe [O.E. fahf hcKtfle], enemy, one who is

agambt another. [rink grass. Fog [ong. unknown], imst near the ground, Fo gy, Fo'gey [perh. fr. Fog], dull old fellow.

Foi'ble O.V.foihJp; ¥^faible, weak], a weak pomt m character.

Foil [perh. fiom ohs. fom, a thiijst; OF. fotne, a flsh spearj, blunt weapon used m fencing.

Foil [L, folium, a leaf], thin sheet metal, background.

Foil [0.'^« fouler, to full cloth, to trample], defeat, outwit,

Foist [Du. mnstenj to take m the hand, i inst, flst], impose.

Fold 0.11. fealian, bo fold], paifc doubled over; double over.

Fold [O.H.faM], enclosure for sheep, a flock. Fo'll-age CF. fewllage; L. folium, a leaf],

leafage. Fol'iate, leaflike, hai ii^ leavts. Fo'li-0 [from L. tn folio, in leaf], sheet of

paper once folded, book of the largest kmd, page number.

Folk (ol=^) [O E. fold], people. [after. Fol'low [O.h folgmn, to Xoflow], come or go Fol'ly [O.F./oZ, foolish], foohshncss. Fo-ment' [L E. fomenldre, to foment; L.

fovSrCt to warm], apply warmth and moisture, encourage, Fomenta'tion.

Fond [M.F1. fond or fonncd, p p. of obb. fon, to become insipid], foobsh, lovmg.

Fon'dle [see Fond], to caress. Font [L. fons font-ts)y a fountam], \ tinsel

which holds water for baptism, Food [O.E. /cfctoj, what is fed upon, Fool [L. follis, a wmd-bag, m Late L. a

fool], siUy person, jester; to cheat Fool [prob. fr. Fool], 3uice of crushed fruit

mixed With cream, etc, Fool'har'dy [O.F. fol kardi], fooh&hly bold. Fools'cap [fi.. water-mark on it; see Fool and

Cap], size of paper about IG x 13 inches. Foob [O.E./c^^], lowest part of the leg, lowest

part or base, measure of 12 inches, measure in poetiy; to tread,

Foot'ing, ground for the feet, po'^ition. Footlights, lights in front of a stage. Foot'maii, man-servant. Foot'pnnt, mark left by a foot. Foo'de [cf. Ger. fuseln, to work badly or

slowly], to play badly afc golf, to spoil. Fop [?], vain, overdressed man. Foi'age [O.P./oMrra<7(?, fodder; Horn./orfro],

search for food; food foi horees. For'ay [Rom. fodro; see Forage], a raid, l o

pfllage, For-beax' [0 "E.for-, implymg abstention, and

Beat], cease horn proceedmg, bo patient For-bifl' [0 , I J . for-j implying prohibition, and

Bid], command not to, prohibit, For-bid'dmg, repelling approach, Force [Late 1/ fort'a, sfciength; L. fartis,

strong], active power, constmmt, body of troops; compel. Foiee'Sul.

Force [Dan, fos\ Swed. and ON" /ors], waterfall,

Force'meat [obs. foTce, corruption of farce; see Farce and Meat], meat chopped and seasoned.

For'ceps [L. forceps], pair of pmcere. For'ci-ble, full of foice, done by force.

Ford 84 Found Ford Ccogu. witli Fare], shallow place In a

river wliere it may be crossed by wading; wade across. Ford'able.

Fore [O.E. fore], m front; the forward part. Fore-bode' [O.E, fore-, in advance, bodian^

to announce], foretell, be a sign of, have a presentiment of (misfortune). Forebod'ing.

Fore-casf [O.E. /ore-, in advance; O.N. kasia^ to tlirow], foresee; Foie'cast, fore-siglit of consequences, prophecy based on present indications, esp. regarding weather.

Forecastle (fo'csl), forward part of a ship. Fore-close' s~z) [L. /wis, outside, davdere

(p.p. clausiis^ to close], stop, shut out, deprive a person of the right of redeeming a mortgage. Foreclo'suie.

Fore'father, ancestor. Fore-go', better Fo>go' [O.E. forg&n^ to pass

over; /or-, from, g&n, to go], give up, let go. Fore'ground, part of a scene which l& repre­

sented as nearest to the spectator, most prominent position.

Fore'heafl, part of face above the eyebrows. For'eiffn [L. /ons, outside], belonging to

another country, strange. For'eigner, Fore'land, cape, headland. Fore'man, chief man, overseer. Fore'most [O.E./ormesi], first in time or place. Fore'noon, early part of the day, before 13

o'clock. Fo-ren'sic pL. forensis, relating to the forum;

see Forum], relating to courts of law or pubho discassion, [water maris.

Fore'shore, shore between high- and low-Fore-short'en [/we-, in front, and Shorten],

draw (an object) so as to represent apparent shortening due to perspective.

Fore'sight, foreseeing, looking ahead. For'est [M.L./ore?;?"j, open liimting-ground;

li.fOTiSy out of doors], large wood or wood­land district. For'estey.

Fore-stall' (stawl) [O.E. foresteall, ambush; fore-, in front, sleaU^ a station], take in advance, get ahead of. [beforehand.

Fore-tell' [fore-, in advance, and Tell], tell Fore'word Ifore-t in advance, and Word],

preface. For'feit [O.P. forfait (p.p. of forfaire), to

trespass ; L. foris, out of doors; facere, to do], lose the right to by a fault; a fine.

For'feit-uie, loss inflicted as a penalty, [oil. For-fend' [pref. for-, from, and Fend], keep Fof-gath'er [pref./w-,inthe presence of, and

Gather], assemble, meet with accidentally. Forge [O.P. forge; L. fabnca, a workshop],

place where iron is heated and hammered; form by hammering, imitate another's hnndwritiug dishonestly. For'gery.

Forge [?], advance against dilliculty (in "forgo ahead").

For-gef OJ^^forgietanx for-^ from, and Get], let go from the memory. Forgef ful.

For-givc' [O.E. forgiefan ; for-, from, and Give], pardon. Forgive'ness.

Fork [Xi. fuTca, a fork], pronged instrument; to divide into branches; point where division takes place.

For-lorn' [O.E. forlort-n (p.p. of forUosaTi), to lose utterly; /o>(with intensive meaning), and Lose], forsaken, almost hopeless.

Form iUfomia, shape], shape, fixed way of proceed in?, a bench, the bed of a hare; (also Forme), a body of type for printmg at one impression; to shape.

For'mal, in proper fonn, stiff. Formal'ity. For'mal-ism, too strict adherence to forms. For-ma'tion, act of foi-ming or shaping, thing

formed. For'mer [back-formation, fr. o.E. formest,

foremost], the first-mentioned of two, earlier. [fear.

For'mi-da-ble [L. formiclare, to fear], causing For'mu-la (pl-ss, -se) [L. formula, dim, of

forma^ a form], set form. Fot'mu-late, express in a forn^ula. For-ni-ea'tion Ih^h. fomicatiouem, impurh^],

sexual immorality. Fot-sake' [O.E. forsacan; for-, implying

abstention, and sacan, to contend], leave entirely,

For-sooth' [O.E. forsdth, for a truth], in truth (used in contemi)t).

For-swear'tO.B./i>r5!i-man, to forswear;/cjr~, from, and Swear], swear to give up, swear falsely,

Fort [F. fort; L. fortis, strong], strong place, small fortified place. [point.

Forte [F. fort (torn, forte, strong], one's strong Forth [cogn. with Fore], out, forward. Fcrth'eom'iug, about to appear. Forth-with', immediately, For-ti-fl-ca'tion [F., fr. 1! . f&rtificaiionem,

strengthening], act of fortifying; works set up to defend.

For'ti-fy [F. fortifier; L. fortis, strong, facere, to make], strengthen, secure by forts or batteries.

For'ti-tnde [L. fortis, strong;], strength of mind, enduring courage.

Fort'night [O.E. f&owerUjne niht, fourteen nights], two weeks.

For'&ess [L. fortis, strong], lai-gc and permanent fortification.

For-tu'i-toua [L. fors (J&rt-is), chance], happening by diance.

For'tu-nate, having good fortune, lucky. For'tune IL. fortnna, allied to fors, chance],

chance, luck, lot in life, riches, For'ty \0.'Si,fiov>ertig'\, ten times four. Fo'rum [X. forum, market-pjace], market­

place (esp. of Home). For'ward iO.'E.forcweard], nearthe fore part,

onward, advanced, bold; h^lp onward, Fosae, Foss [L. fossa, a ditch], ditch, moat. Fos'sil ll>.fodere (p.p. fossus), to dig], remains

of an animal or plant embedded in rocks. Fos'silize.

Fos'ler [O.B./osioV], to feed, to cherish. Fos'ter-child, child reared by persons not its

parents. Foul [O.E. fuT], dirty, impur<;, stormy; to

QoUido with. Found ^ [L. funddre, to found; fundus, the

bottom], to lay the groundwork.

Pound 85 Frieze Founds [L. fundere^ to pour, to cast metals] ,

set to work in molfceu metal. Foun-da'tion, groundwork, an endowment,

an endowed charity or institution. Ponnd'er (O.F. fondTer, to plungo to the

bottom], go to the bottom, fall in ruins. Foiind'er [see Found ]) one who establishes

or sets up. Foimd'er fsee Found 2], one who founds or

casts metal. Found'ling \tt* Find and -lirigl, deserted

infant of unknown parents. Found'ry, a building where metals are cast, Fount, Foun'tain [L. fons (font-is); Late L.

fontana^ a fountain], a .spring, a jet of water, the basin in wliich such a jet rises, source. [three.

Four (o«=5) [O.B. feower'J, one more than Fowl [O.E, fugely a bird], bird (rare except

in u-ildf&wl), a barndoor bird. Fox [O.E. foz, a fox], slj animal with'a

bushy tail. Fox'y. Fox'inesa. Fox'glove [O.E, foxes gldfUi fox's glove], a

tali flower, [turbance, Fra-cas' [F. fracas; It. fracasso, uproar], dis-Frac'tion fL. frangere (p.p. fract-as\ to

break], part; the act of breaking. Frao'tional.

Frac'tioug (ti^sh\ snappish, cross. Frae'ture, a break; to break. Fca'gile [L-frangere^ to break], easily broken,

delicate. Fiagil'ity, Fiag'ment [L. frangere^ to break], a piece

broken oil, a small portion, Frag'mentary, Fra'grant [L. fragram •antis)^ pr,p. of

frdgrdre^ to smell sweet], sweet of smell. Frail [0.1'\ frayel], basket made of rushes,

used chiefly for containing figs, raisins, etc.

Frail [L. fragilis, fragile], weak. Frail'ty, Frame [0,li3. framian^ to be profitable;

franif forward], to plan, to construct by fitting parts together, to put in a frame; a form, an open structure for holding something.

Franc tperli. fr. L, Francorum Rex^ king of the Pranks, legend on an early coin], a French coin (normal ralue about 9^d.).

Fran'chise [0. i \ franchise\ franchir (Jr.p. franckissant), to free], the right to vote.

Frank [0,F, franc; Low L, francus^ free; O.H.Q-, franks a Frank], free, outspoken ; the sign denoting that a letter is to go free of postage; to put such a sign on.

Frank'in-cense [O.E. franc encens, pure incense; see Frank and Incense], a fragrant gum.

Frank'lin [see Frank, perh. suf. -ling'jj old English freeholder.

Etan'tio [Gk, phrencticos, mad; see Frenzy], mad, raving, furious.

Fra-ter'nal [L. frater, a brother], brotherly. Frartei'ni-ty [L. frater, a brother], a brother­

hood, brotherUuess. Frafemize. Frafri-cide [L. frater, brother, ca^dere, to

kill], killing one*s brother or sister, one who kills brother or sister.

Fraud [L. fraus (fraud-is), fraud], deception with a view to gain.

Fraud'u-lent, dishonest, unfair. Fraught [p.p. of obsolete fraught, to lade a

ship; see I^ight], laden. Fray [F.frayer; li.fricare^ to rub], wear by

rubbing. Fray [for Affray], a iight. Freak [etym. dub., cf. frician, to move

briskly], sudden turn of the mind, whim, playful trick, a moustrosity.

Frec'kle CO.N. freknur; Swed. frukne, freckles], brownish spot on the skin.

Free [O.E. frdo^ not held in or held down by the will of othei-s, without chaise, clear from, set at liberty.

Free'boot-er [Bu. vrijbmter; see Free and Booty], robber.

Free'hand, drawn without guiding instru­ments.

Free'dom, state of being free, Free'hold, property held free of duty except

to the king. Free'man, one who has the franchise. Free-ma'son, member of a secret brother­

hood. Free-ma'sonry. Free'stone, fine-grained sandstone or lime­

stone that can be cut or sawn easily. Freeze [O.E, friosan], turn or be turned from

liquid to solid by cold, cliill. Fteighi (ei^^ai) [prob. If.Du. vracht or vrecfW,

cargo; sum paid to a shipowner for carriage of goods. Freigiif age.

Fren'zy, Phren'zy [O.F, frenesie; L.L. plirenesis; Gk. pJtrenetikos^ frantic], wild excitement, madness.

Fre' uent^ [L. frequejis (-entis), crowded; allied to farclre, to cram], happening often. Rre'guency.

Fre-quenf 2, visit often. Fre-quent'-artive [see Freiiuents], expressing

frequent repetition of an action. Fres'co [It. fresco, fresh, cool], kind of paint­

ing on fir^h plaster. Fresh [O.E./i?r5C, and O.'F. frets (fem.fresche),

fresh], new, brisk, unfaded, not salt. Fresh'man, a newcomer, esp. a student in his

first year at a university. [worry, Fret [O.E. frctan'Jy wear by rubbing, to vex, Fret tperh. O.E, frete, ferrule], bar on

fingerboard of stringed instrument. Fret'work [perh, fr. O.P. frete, trellis-work],

ornamental open work. [crumbled. Fri'a-ble [L. friure, to crumble], easily Fri'ar [L. frater (frat-ris), a brother], brother

of a religious order, esp. a begging order. Fric'tion [L. fricare (p.p. fric£iis)t to rub],

rubbing. Fri'day [O.E. frigedccg, day of the goddess

IFrig'], sixth day of the week. Friend lO.B.frSond], one whoJias affection for

another, a well-wisher, Fciend'ship. Friezo [allied to Ital. fregio, a fringe; L.

Pkrygium opus, Phrygian work], orna­mental band at the top of a wall.

E 'eze [P. frise, frieze; F, friser^ to curl], tufted woollen cloth.

Frigate 86 Funereal Frig'ate [P. fregate ; It. fregata, etym. dub,],

war-vessel. (Porwierly a particular class of war-ship.)

Fright [O.E. fri/7ito], suddeu fear, Fright'ful. Fri'gid U^lj'i<^ [L. Mgere, to be cold; frigu&y

cold], very 'cold, stifi aad formal. Fri-gid'ity. [edging.

Frill [origin uncertain], a ruffle; crimped Fringe [O.F. frenge; L. fimbria, fringe],

edging ol threads, border. EWp'per-y [O.F. frepe, frayed out fringe; old

^lofcbes; pcrh. fr. L. yidra, a fibre], clieap i^aery,

Fris-eui' [F.], hairdresser. Frisk [O.F./mjue, perh. cogn. with Fresh],

skip or dance about in play. Fri-tiU'ar-y [L. [ritillus^ dice-box], plant of

the lily kind, Frif ter [perh. fr. fitters^ fragments, fr. obs.

fitter^ to break in pieces; cf. L. fractum^ a fracture], fragment; to waste piecemeal.

Frit'ter [F. friiure; L. frigere (p.p. /rictus), to fry], ]dnd of fried batter cake.

Fri-vol'i-ty [L. frivolus, rubbed away, silly; fri&re^ fricarCf to rub], trifling act or habit. E^v'olous.

Friz'zle [F. friser^ to curl], form into small eurls; crisp.

Fro EO.N./ra, from], away. Frock [Low L. frocciis\ floccus, a monk's

frock], gown, shirtlike outer garment. Frog [O.E. froggali leaping amphibious

animal. Frog [?], attachment to waist-belt to support

bayonet, sword; military coat-fastening. Frogged.

Frol'ic [Du. vrolijlc \ cf. Ger, frdhlich^ merry], prank, sportive mirth. Froricsome.

From [0.11. fram], away, forth (from . . . to—between . . . and).

Frond [L. frons (frortd-is), a leaf], leaf of a fern, palm-leaf.

Front (o^H) [L. frons (front-is), the fore­head], fore or facing part.

Front'age, extent of facing part. Front'ier (Sn-) [L. froTis (front-is), front],

border of a country. Fron'tis-pieee (o~u) [Ij. frons (front-is), front,

specere, to see], illustration at the beginning of a book,

Fionf let, band worn on forehead. Frost [see Freeze], condition of the air below

freezing-point. Froth [perh. O.lS.frotha ; cf. O.E. &-fr&othan,

to froth], collection of bubbles. Froth'y. Frou'zy, Riow'zy [?], musty, slovenly, Fro'ward [E.J, ungovernable, wayward. Frown [O.F. froigniei', to frown; cf. Swed.

dial, frpna; Norw. friiyna, to make a wry face], a wrinkling of the brow in dis­pleasure ; put on 0- stern look,

Frac'ti-Sy [L. fructus-, fruit \ facere (p.p. /actus), to make], to bear fruit; to make fruitful. Fructifiea'tion.

Fru'gal [J-/. fru^aUs; fnigi, ivnga.\,frugi(ovig. dat. of frux, fruit)], sparing, not wasteful. Frugal'ity,

Fruit [L. frui'his, fruit; frui (p.p. fructus), to enjoy], pirt of a plant which contains the seed, produce.

Fru-i'tion [L. fruitioncm, from frui^ to enjoy], attainment of an object, enjojnnent, pleasure arising ftom possession.

Fru'men-ty, Fur'me-ty [L. fnimentum, corn], hulled wheat boiled in milk and seasoned with sugar, cinnamon, etc.

Ftus'tiate [IJ- fnistm, m vain], bring to nothing, balk.

Fry [F. frire, to fry; L. frigere; Gk. phnjgein, to parch], cook over a lire in boiliug fat.

Fry [0.ij.frid, seed], spawn of fishes. Fuch'ai-a ifU'shi-a) [fr. Fitchs, a Q-erman

botanisfcl plant with di-ooping flowers. Fudge [?], humbug. Fu'el [Late L. focdlia, pi. of focale, fuel; L.

focus, a hearth], matter used for bm^ning, Fu'gi-tivc [L. fugere (p.p. fugitus), to flee],

one who flees from pursuit; fleeing, fleeting.

Fu'gle-man [Ger. flilgel, wing, mann, man], soldier fonnerly placed in front as example while drilling.

Fuguo (fiug), [L, fu^a, flight, fugere, to flee], musical composition in which parts seem to pursue each other.

FM'cnim, (pi.) Fulcra [L, fulare, to prop], prop on which a lever moves.

Ful-fil' CO.E. fuUfijlIan, fr, full, full, fyllan, to fall], bring to pass, satisfy the requii-e-ments of.

Fdl-ig'in-ous (g=3) [L- /ai'^ffo, soot], sooty. Full (ti=oo) [O.E. Jull, lull], filled up, able

to contain no more; complete measure. FuU [O.F. pder, to fuU, to trample on],

cleanse and thicken cloth. Ful'mi-nate llt.fulmen(fulmin-is), lightning],

to thunder, condemn strongly, an explosivti substance. Fulmina'tion,

Ful'some (u=oo) [Full and suf. 'SOne, olfeuaive from excei-5 (of praise).

Fmn'ble [perh. fr. O.E. folm, the palm of the hand], feel or grope about.

Fame [O.F, fum \ L. fumics, smoke], smoke, vapour, rage; rise up as vapour, to rage.

Fu'mi-gate [L. fumus, smoke], apply fumes to (eip. in order to disinfect). Fumiga'-tion.

Fa'mJ-to>y [O.F. fumcterre \ L. fumus tfrrce, eartli-smoke], a herb.

Fun [perh. fr. obs. fon, to hoax; etym. doubtful], sport, merriment.

Fu-nam'bn-list [L. fS-nis, a rope, amhulure, to ^ alk], a rope-walker.

Fimc'tion [L. fungi (p.p. functus), to perform], vital process, duty of a position. Fonc'-iional,

Func'tion-a-ry, an official. [capital. Fund [L, fundus^ bottom], store, stock or Pun-da-meu'tal [L. fundamentum, founda­

tion ; funddre, to foxmd], at the foundation. Fa'ner-al [L. fumts (funer-is), a funeral],

bm-trd; pertaining to a burial or cremation. Fu-ns're-al, suiting a funeral, gloomy,

Fungrus 87 Galley Fan'gus, Cpl-) Fungi [L, fungus; pcrh. cogu.

with (j-k. sphoggos, a sponge], spongy plant of which the mushroom is one. Fun'gous.

Fun-i'cul-as [L- funiculus^ fr. funis, cord], kind of railway worted by cable,

Funk [?], fear, panic. Fon'nel [L. infundibulum, a funnel; in, in,

fuTiderc, to pour], inverted hollow cono with a pipe below, shaft of a chimney.

Fan'ny, droll, amusing. FuE [O.l f forreTf fr. l^om. foderare^ to sheathe

or line], fine, soft; hair on a skin, dressed sMns for clothing, matter on the tongue, deposit from boiled hard water.

For'be-lOiW [corr. of falbala, a flounce, etym. imlcnown], flounce, (pi.) showy accessories to dross.

Fui'bish [O.!?. forbiT; O.H.a. forban^ to polish], rub or scour to brightness.

Fur'cate [L. furca^ a fork], form a fork; forked or branched.

Fu'ri-0U3 fsee Fmyjj ^^s^-Furl [formerly furdle, fr. fardcly a burden],

roll up, wrap round. Fm'long [0.13. furh, a furrow, I^ng, long],

measure of 220 yards. Originally the length of the furrow in the common field.

Vm'lough [Du. verlof, furlough; see Leave], leave of absence.

Fur'nace [L. fornax (fomac-is), a furnace, formis, an oven], large enclosed fireplace.

Fur'nish lO.'F, faniir, to furnish, fr. Horn. fomire, fr. Tout., cf. O.'K.Or. fnimmeTiy to provide, to furnish], provide, equip.

For'ni-ture, that with which anything is furnished, movable articles in a house.

Fui'ri-er, dealer in fms. Fur'row [0.^3. furh^^ trench made by a

plough. Firc'ther [O.E. furthor (adv.), furthra (ad].),

fyrthrian (vb.)], at or to a greater distance; nelp forward. [sly.

Fui'tivc [L. fuHlvus, furtive; fur, a thief], Fu'ry Ih.furia, fury; fttrere, to x age], -violence,

rage: violent woman. Furze [O.E. fyrs, etym. dub.], prickly ever­

green shrub, gorse, whin. Fus9 (s—z) IL.fundere (p.p./uswj), to pour],

melt, blend into one. Fuse, Fuze [It, fuso, a spindle, a fuse;

L. fusus^ a spindle], tube filled with com­bustible matter iTsed lu blasting, etc.

Fu-see', light musket or firelock. Fu'si-ble (s=z)i that can be melted or fused. Fu-sil-lade' (s=z) [P. fusilier, to shoot; fusiU

a musket], simultaneous discharge of firearms.

Fn'sion (si=zk), act of melting together, blending as though by melting so as to form one whole.

Fuss [prob. imit.], ado about trifles. Fus'tian [O.P. fustaigna\ M.L. fustanetis,

perh. fr. Fostai, a suburb of Cairo], short-napped tmlled heavy cotton; bombastic, worthless.

Fus'ty lO.'F.fustj a cask; IJ. fu^tis, a cudgel], mouldy.

Fu'tile [L,. fmilii, that easily pours out, (> leaky, therefore untrastworthvj, useless. ^ FutU'ity.

Fu'tuiG [L. fuiUrus, about to be], that is to be or come.

Fu-tu'ri-ty, time to come. Fuzz fperh. imit. of bloicing), fine, loose fibres

or particles.

Gab'ble [imit.], rapid talk without meaning. Gab'er-^e (ine=een) [Sp. gabardina, pcrh.

M.E.(j-, wallcvartf pilgrimage], loose go^vn, esp. worn by Jews.

Ga'ble [O.P. gable; 0.K 170 , a gable], upper triangular part of a wall.

Ga'by [?], simpleton. Gad [peril, fr. obs. gadling, O.E. gaedling^ a

companion (gaed, fellowship)], walk about without purpose.

Gad'fly [fr. obs. gad, 0."N. gaddr, a spike], fly that molests cattle.

Gag [perh. imit. of choking sound], something thrust into the mouth to hinder speaking.

Gagel [fr. Sir W. Gage, c, 1725], a kmd of plum.

Gage 2 [O.F. guage; O.E. tea?, a pledge], pledge, chaUenge.

Gai'e-ty, liveliness, glee, showiness. Gain [O.F. gain; 'F, gagne; ult. O.n.G.

•weide, pasture], profit, benefit; get by striving, win. contradict.

Gain-say* [O.N. gegn, against, and Say], Gait [var. of Gate i ] , walk. Gai'ter [F. guStre, gaiter; orig. doubtful],

covering for leg below knee or for histop. Gala [It- gala^ finery], show, festivity. Gal'ax-y [Gk. gala, milk], cluster of Ftar^,

Milky Way, brilliant gathering, Gale [of doubtful origin; cf. Dan. gal^

furious], strong wind. Galll (gcLwl) [O.E. gealla, perh. aUied to

Yellow], bfie. Gall a (gawT) [O.E. geaXla, sore on a hortc;

perh. fr. GalU], swelling; hurt the skin by rubbing, harass.

Gall 3 igawV) [F. galle; L. gaUa], oak-apple. Gal'lant [P. galnnt, pr.p. of O.F. galer, to

rejoice; pcrh. fr. O.H.Q-. v:all6n, to wander], noble in bearing, chivalrous; fine gentleman.

Qal-lanf, polite to ladies. Gal'Ian-try, bravery, politeness to ladies. Galleon con=yon [Sp. galeon^ a galleon],

large ship, usu. Spanish. Gal'Ie-ry [F. galeric, gallery; orig. unknown],

long passage connecting rooms, long nar­row platform outside a building, profecting platform within a building supported by brackets or columns, building in which. works of art are exhibited.

Gal'ley [O.'S.galiei, M.L. j/n/ra, galley; orig. doubtful], long row-boat sometimes with sail, cookroom of a ship,

Gallinaceous 88 Gaunt Gal'li-na'ceous (ce=sh) [L. galUna^ a hen;

gallus, a coci], pertaiaing to poultry, pheasants, etc.

Gall'nut, growth, prodviced by an insect on the leaf of an oak.

Gal'lon [O.ISr.r. galon^ a gallon, orig. " a large bowl "J, measure of four quarts.

Gal-loou' [F. golomicT^ to tie the hair with ribbons], Mnd of ribbon or braid for binding.

Gallop [l*". j7G?(?P'? (vb.),prob. earlier waZo/ier, etym. dub.], go at a gallop; mode of run­ning by a horse in leaps, ride at this pace.

Gal'lou^S [O.E. galga], frame for the hanging of criminals.

Ga-loche', Ga-losh', Gol-osh' [F. galoche, porh. late L. galopus, a wooden shoe], overshoe (usually of india-rubber).

Gal'op [see Gallop], lively dance. Gal-ore' [fr. Ir. go le^f to sufficiency], in

abundance. Gal'van-ism [fr. Galvani, of Bologna, dis­

coverer, 1792], branch of electricity. Gal­vanize'.

Gam'We [O.E. gamenian, to play at games; gameiif sport], play for a state.

Gam-boge' [ITod. L. gambogium^ tr. Ganibodia in Annam], yellow gum-resin.

Gam'ljol [It. gambaia^ a Mck; gamha^ a leg], play about, frisk.

Game [O.E, gamen, sport], sport, contest for amusement, certain animals hunted (hares, grouse, etc.); gamble; spirited. Gam'y,

Game'ster, one who gambles. Gam'in [JL*'. gamiri], neglected city-boy. Gam'moa [O.F. gmrUfe, a leg], lower end of

a flitch, of bacon. Gam'mon [as Game], humbug. Gam'ut [il.L. gamma ut^ gamma^ being Gk.

letter g^ last note of musical scale, and nt, the old. name for first note of scale], musical scale, whole series of tones used by musicians, range of tones produced by voice or instrument.

Gaa'der tO.E, gan^Ta\^ male of a goose, Gang [O.E. gang, a going; gangan, to go],

number going in company. Gan'gli-on [Gt. gagglion, a tumour near ten­

dons, also the complex nerve-centres], a collection of grey matter in the cerebro­spinal system, forming a nerve-centre.

Gan'giene [L, gangrcena; Ok. gaggraiiuiy an eatmg sore], death of a part of the body. Gan'grenoits. [planks.

Gang'way [O.E. gangweg'], passage, esp. of Gan'net [O.E. ganot\ the Solan goose, Gaol (;aiO, Jail [O.K.P. gaiole, O.F. jaiole, fr.

Bom. dim. of cavea, a cave], jail, prison. Gaol'er, Jail'er, Jail'or.

Gap [O.N. and Swed. gap^ a gap; gapoy to gape], opening, breach,

Gape [see Gap], open wide, yawn. Gar'age (or gar-azh') [F. garage; garer^ to

shunt], place for housing motor-cars. Garb [It. garbo, elegance, fr. Teut.; of. O.H.G.

paraici, prepaiation], dress. [matter. Gitt'bage [perh. O.F. garbcj a handful], refuse

Gar'ble [ult. fr. Arab, gharbala, to sift], misquote unfairly, misrepresent words.

Gar'den [O.N'.F. gardin, Cogn. wit!i Yard], piece of ground where flowers, vegetu-blcs, etc., are cultivated. Gar'flener.

Qar-gan'tu-an IGargantua, giant in Kabe-lais], enormous, gigantic.

Gai'gle [O.E, gargouillc, the tbxoat, a gar­goyle], throat-wash which is moved about by the breath; use a gargle. [spout.

Gar'goyle [see Gargle], projectmg water-Ga'riaU (a^sai) [perh. fr. obs. ganre, to stare,

etym. dub.], showy, dazzling. [\\Teath. Gar'land [O.E. garlande. Etym. doubtful], Gax'lic [O.E. gdrUac; gar, a spear, and Uacj

a leek], plant with a bulbous root. Gar'meat [O.E. gamiment; garnir, to pro­

tect], article of clothing. Gar'ncr OS.gemcr^ L. granariain^ a granary],

store of grain; to store. Gar'net [O.E. grenat, M.L. granatum, pome­

granate], precious stone, red in colour. Gar'nish [0-F, gamir, to protect. Cogn. with

Warn], to ornament, Gar'ni-ture, embellishment, dress. Gar'ret [O.F. garite, a watch-tower; garir, to

presen'e], room just below the roof. Gac'ri-son [O.E. ganson^ defence; garir, to

defend], troops in a fortified place. Gar-iotfc' [Sp. garrote, stick used in twisting

cord in strangling], strangle, rob after haU-sfcrangling.

Gar'xu-lous [L. gamre, to chatter], talka­tive aod tiresome. Garrulity.

Gar'ter [O.F. gartier, garter; garel, the ham of the leg], band to hold up a stocking, highest order of knighthood in Britain.

Gas [word invented by a Dutchman fr. Gk, dtaoSt chaos], aeriform fluid.

Gas-e-Iier' (gass-e-lcer') [formed as Chandelier, with Gag], hanging frame for gas-burners,

Qas-con-ade' [fr. Gascony], boasting. Ga'se-oug (a-=ai\ in the form of gas. Gash [fonneriy garse ;" O.F. garser^ to pierce

with a lancet], deep, long cut; make a gash.

Gas-om'e-ter, tank for holding gas. Gasp [O.X. geispa, to yawn], open the mouth

wide, catcli breath ; catching of the breath. Gas'trio [I'lk. gastir, the stomach], pertaining

to the stomach. Gas-frou'-o-my [Gk, gaster, stomach; nomos^

law], art of good eating, Gastronom'ic. Gatei [O.W. and Swed. gata, a street], a

passago-way, Gates [O.E. geaf], suspended framework

which cicses a passage. Gath'er [O.E. gadcrian], briog or come LO-

gether. to pluck. Qath'er-ing, crowd, assembly. Gand'y [L. gaudunn, joy; gaudcrey to rejoice],

vulgarly showy, Gaud'iness. Gauge [O.IN'.F, ganger, to gage; gauge, a

gage], measure contents, estimate; apparatus for measuring a special force or dimension, distance between rails,

Gaunt [?], lean.

Gauntlet Ghastly Gaunt'let [F. gantelet, double dim. of gant,

a glove], iron glove, glove covering the wrisfc. ' [parent stuff.

Gauzs [P. fifff^fl, perh. fr, Gaza]y a thin, trans-Gawls'y [?], awkward. Gay [O.F. gai^ gay; perh. O.H.G. wdMj

beautiful], merry, bright. , Gaze [Swed, dial, gasa, to stare at], look

fixedly; eager look. Ga-zeUe' [Arab, ghaziil, gazelle], graceful

kind of antelope. 6a-zet^e' [It. gazzeita^ a gazette, also a coin

less than a farthing], newspaper; publish oflioially, as a case of banlcruptcy,

Gaz-et-teer', geographical dictionary. Gaa'o^ene [F, gazogk-ne^ E. gas^ and G-k.

genes^ producing], small apparatus for making aerated waters.

Gear (g hard) [prob. O.N. gervij ready], clothing, goods, harness, toothed wheels working on one another; put gear on.

Gei'sha (ei—a^ [Jap. geishal^ Japanese dancing-girl,

Gera-tine (ine=ine or een\ Gel'a-tia [It. gelalina, gelatine; L. gelare (p.p. gelatus), to freeze], chief component of jellies. Gela'tinous.

Geld ((? hard) [O.K. gelda% deprive of generative power, make animal unfit to bear offspring.

Geld'ing, gelded horso or other animal. GeHd & soft) [L. geliduSf cold; gelu^ frost],

very cold, frozen, Gem [L. gemina, a bud, a gem], precious

stone; adorn as with gems. Gen'der [L. genus (f/cner-is), kind], gram­

matical distinction roughly corresponding to sex.

Ge-ne-a'lo-gy [Gt. genea, race, logia, an account], history of descent, pedigree. Genealog'ical.

Gen'er-al [iJ. genus (gener-is), kind, race], not limited or special, common; military officer of Mgh rank. Geneial'ity.

Gen'e>al-ize, form or state a general view. Gen'e>ate [I . generdre (p.p. generdtus), fr.

genuSy race], cause to' be, produce. Gen'erator.

Gen-er-a'tion, single succession in natural descent, an age.

Ge-ner'ic [L. gemis gener-is), kind], relating to a genus or kind. .

Gen'er-ous [I^. generdsus^ well-bom, generous ,-genus, race], noble, free in giving,

Gen'e-sis [G-k. genesis, source], origin, manner of formation. Genef ic.

Ge'ni-al [L. genidlisj genial, fr. ^«iiu5], Mndly and cheerful. Genial'lty.

Qen'i-tive [L. genitlvus (casus, case)], grammatical ease to denote possessor.

Ge'ni-U3 [L. genittSi genius; gignere (p.p. genitus), to beget], protecting spirit, dis­tinguishing character, one who has great intellectual powers, esp. creative.

Gen-teei' [L. gentilis, belonging to the same gens or (dan], elegaufc and stylish, (used ironically).

Gen'tian (ti^sh, or ti) [L. gentiiina, fr. Gentius, an Ulyrian king], mountain plant.

Gen'tile [P. gentil; L. gentilis, gentle], one who is not a Jew.

Gen'tle [O.F. gentil\ see Genteel], well-born, mild, quiet.

Gen'tle-man, man of good breeding. Gen'try [O.F. gerilerise, gentilise., rank; see

Qenteel],people of gentle birth and breeding. Gen'u-flec'tion, Gen'u-flex'ion [L. gemi, the

'kns.e^jlectere(;p.^.fiexus'), to bend], a bend­ing of the knees.

Gen'u-ine [L. gemilnus, genuine, of the true genus], real.

Ge'nus [L. germs (gener-is), race, kind], group of species, a kind.

Go-og'Ea-phy IGk. ge, the earth, graphia, a description, fr. graphein, to write], science pertaining to description of the earth. Geograph'ical.

Ge-ol'o-gy [Q-k. ?e» the earth, logos, dis­course], science pertaining to structure and mineral constitution of the earth. Geolog'ieal.

Ge-om'e-try IGk. gSy the earth, metron, a measure], science which treats of the pro­perties and relations of magnitude in space as lines, surfaces, and solids. Geo-mefrical.

Geor'gic t -k- ffeorgicos, relating to imsbandry; Gk. ge, the earth, and ergon, a work], poem on agriculture,

Ge-ra'ni-um [G-k. geranion, gpranium;; geranos, a crane], plant with showy' flowers, crane's-bill,

Germ [L. germeji (germin-is), a sprout, a germ], that from which anything springs.

Ger'man C * germdnus, German, allied to Germ], nearly related,

Ger-man'der [M.'L. germandra; Late G-k. kliamandrua; Gk. khamai, on the gi'ound, drus, oak], large class of herbs.

Ger-mane' [variant of German], akin, appropriate.

Ger'mi-aate, to sprout, bud. Gennina'tion. Ger-ry-man'der [*£r. Gernjy governor of

Massachusetts; of. Salamander], to manipu­late an election unfairly.

Ger'und [L. gertmdusy that which is to be done, a verbal adj. fr. gerere, to carry on], part of a verb which partakes also of the character of a noun. Genin'dial,

Ger'und'ive [Late L, gcmndiviiSy see Gerund], verbal adjective from stem of gerund, meaning deserving or requiring to be done, etc.).

Ges-tio'u-Uite C . gesticulusy dim, of gestus^ a gesture], make gestures,

Ges'tmie [L. gerere (p.p. gestus), to perform, to bring], motion expressive of feeling,

Get [0.1^, geta, to get], obtain, procure, learn, become.

Gew'gaw [orig. unknown], showy trifie, Gey'ser (g hard, ey=ai or I) ficel. Gegsir,

a particular geyser; geysa^ to gush], an eruptive hob spring. [shocking.

GAaat'ly [O.E. gcestan, to terrify], deathlike,

Gherkin 90 Glint Gher'kin i<fh hard) [Du. gurkje. Etyin. doubt­

ful], Bmall cucumber. Ghet'to (.0^1- liarcl) [It, ghelto. Origin doubt­

ful], Jews* quartei-s in a city. G^ost (t/J lO.K ffdsi, jjrob. cogn. with O.X,

geisa^ rage], spirifc appearing after death. Gftoul (ou=oo) [Arab, ghuly a demon ol

the woods; gJiawl^ attacking suddenly], demon that devoiu-s bodies,

Gi'antj/cm. Gi'ant-es3 [L. gigas (jjiganl-is); G-k. gigas, giaut], huge person. [talk.

Gib'ber-isb. (? hard) [perh. imit.J, unmeaning Gib'bet g so£t) [0.1*'. gibct^ a gibbet; gibet, a

large sticfe, dijn. of gibe, a club], gallows on •which the bodies oil criminals were hanged in chains.

Gib'bon (g hard) [?], ]dnd of long-armed ape. Gib'bous (g hard) [L. gibb2ts, a hump], swell­

ing, convex. Gibe [imifc. Of. O.N. geipa, to fcallc nonsense],

to scoff; expre^on of scorn, Gib'lets g soft) [O.F. giheUtj a stew], heart,

gizzard, etc., of a fowl. Gid'dy (g hard) [O.E. gydig, insane], light­

headed, dizzy. Gift (g hard) [O.E. gi^f], anything given, a

special talent, Jience Gifted, very able. Gig (3 hard) [?], light two-wheeled carriage;

long row-boat. [^reab size. Gi-gan'tic (second g hard) [see Giant], of Giff'gle (ff hard) [imit.], laugh in a silly way ;

laugh with short catches. [gold. Gild g hard) [O.E. (be)gyldan'\^ overlay with Gill^ (g hard) [etym. dub., cf, Swed. guV\,

organ for breathing ha water, Gill 3 (g hard) [O-IJI", gil, a ravme], ravine. Gill [0.1?. gille; M.L. gillo], fourth of a pmt. Gillie g hard) [Gael, gilla, g^olla; Irish,

gioUa, a lad], Highland attendant on sportsmen.

Gil'ly-flow'er <g soft) [O.P. girojle; Qk. caryo-2jA2^ZtoH,aclove-tree; caryor,,Tinnt,phylUn, a leaf], plant with a scent of cloves.

Gilt (g hard), gilding, imitation of gold, Gim'crack (g soft) [earlier i&ecrflcfc, perh. fr,

0,F. giber, to shake, and Crack], toy. Gim'let (g hard) [O.F. guimbclet^ a gimlet;

cf. Low Q.wcmel^ a borlug-tool], small tool for boring holes.

Qimp (g hard) ^^^gidmpe, a nun's wimple], kind of trimming.

Gin [short for geneva\ O.F. geneire\ L. jii7iipertis, juniper], distilled spirit

Gin [short for O.F, engin, a contrivance; see Engine], trap.

Gin'ger [Crk. siggibens; Skr. qr?ujaverai ginger], a plant which has a spicy root.

Gin'ger-Iy [perh. O.F. geiisor, comp. of gent, line, orig. wcU-born; L. geitUiiSi born], Ci-utiously, fastidiously,

Ging'/iam (g hard) [F. guingan; Malay gingang, orig. striped], tiud of cotton cloth.

Gipsy [see Gypsy]. Gi-raS/c' [ult. fr. Arab. zarifaJq, long-

necked African animal. Gird (g hai-d) [O.K. gyrdan], put a belt roimd

the waist,

Gird [?]. mock, gibe (at), [or band. Gir'tlle g hard) [O.il. gyrdan, to gird], belt Gir'dle [vur, of Griddle], hon plate for

baJd'ii cakes. Girl (ff^rl g hard) [E., iQnmle child. Gitth (g hard) [O.N. georth, girth], measure­

ment round a saddle-band, saddle-band. Gist ig^ soft) [O.F. gist, 3rd per, sing, of gssir,

to lie; "Li.jacere, to lie], main part, pilh. Give (g hard) [O.E. giefan, to give], bestow,

yield. Giz'zard (g hard) [O.F, g(ic)iser, gizzard;

peril. L. gigetia, cooked entrails of poultry], second stomach of a bird,

Gla'eial (ci—sh) [L. glaciSs, ice], pertaining to ice, cold.

Gla'cicr (d=5/i), Gla'eier [F. glacier; glace, ice], 6f"ream of ico formed by accumulated snow on high ground.

Glad [O.E, glcvd], happy, joyftd, pleased. Glad'den, make joyful or glad. Glade [prob. an opening for light, fr. O.E.

ffte(?, bright], oiJening in. a wood. Glad'i-a-tor (a=Qi) [L, gladius, a sword],

among the Romans one who fought for the public entertaimnent.

Glad-i-o'lua [L., dim, of gladius^ a sword], plant with spike of bright ilowers and sword-shaped leaves.

Glair [F. glairei L. cldra, fern, of clants, clear], white oi egg,

Gla'mour [corrup, of Grammar], charm, deceptive haze.

Glance [perh. a nasalised form of O.F. glaichier, to glide], quick look; give a quick loolc, dari; aside, dash.

Gland [L, glans (gland-is), an acorn], organ of secretion in tiie body, Glan'dalar.

Glan'dera [O.F, glandres, ir, L. gla?is, an acoru], disease of horses.

Glare tSf.E, glarerij, emit a daazliug light, stare fiercely; dazzling light, angry stare.

Glagg [O.E. glads', hard substance" which transmits light, drinking vessel of glass, mirror,

Glau'cons [Gk. glaucos], grejdsh blue, covered ivith fine bloom (as grapes).

Glazo [M.E. glaseri], furnish with glass, cover with a thin glassy coating; glassy coating.

Gla'zier (zi=zh), one who sets glass. Gleam [O.E. glivrri], shine; stream of light. Glean [O.F* glcner, to glean; etym. dub.],

gather aitez' a reaper, Glebe [L. gUba, soil], laud held by a parish

clergyman or minister. Glee [O.E. J;ZHC, j7/to], merrimGut; unaccom­

panied part song. Glen [Gael, and Ir, glcann; W. glyn, gleu],

miTow valley, Glib [peril, imit.], fluent, smooth and flippant. Glide [O.J'j.£72i</an],move gently and smoothly. Glim'mer C' ogn. witli. Gleam], siune faiutiy ;

fault un^beady light. Glimpse ril'.E. glymsen, cogn. wUh Gleam],

short, Inirried vitiw. Glint [earlier fe«f, coi;'n. •witii Qcr. gliinsen,

to sparkle], to sparkle, flash.

Glisten 91 Gossamer Glis' en [0.13. g'imian, sparldo. [lustre. Glif ter [prob. O.N. glitra], to sparlde; showy Gloat [cf, Ger. glotzeriy to stare], gaze • \'il!i

wicked pleasure. , [ball. Globe [L. globus^ a ball], body shaped like a Glob-ose', Glob'u-lar [L. globus, a ball, dim.

globulus^ a little ball], like a globe. Glob'ule [L. glohuUiSj a little ball], tiny globe. Gloom [perh. H.E. glowne, to frowu], deep

shade, heaviness of spirit. Gloom'y. Glo-ri-fi-ca'tiou [L. gloria^ glory; facere^ to

make], givmg of glory to. Glor'ify. Glo'ry [ti. gloria, glory], praise and honour,

splendour; exult, Gloss 1 [Icel. g^ssi^ a blaze], brightness on a

smooth surface; give a surface bright­ness, make plausible. Gloss'y.

Gloss 2 [O.F. glose; L. and G-k. gWssa., obscure or foreign -n'ord],! explanatory note.

Glos'sa-ry [L. gUssamun; see Gloss 2]; collection of explanations of words' in a book.

Glot tia [Crk. glottis, glottis; glOtta, var. of glOssa, tongue], opening at upper part of windpipe. [liand.

Glove ipve~uv) [O.E. gUf, covering for the Glow [O.E, gUwa)i\, shine with intense heat,

be flushed; wliite or red heat. Glower (rhymes with Our) [?],look frowningly. Glow'worm, phosphorescent wingless beetle. GlozB [see Gloss 2], explain away, extenuate,

flatter, wheedle. Glu-cose' [Gk. glukus^ sweet], grape sugar. Glue [Lato L. glUs (plut-is\ glue], impure

gelatine; join as with glue. Glum [see Gloom], &uUen. Glut [L. gliitlre, to swallow], over-supply. Glu'ti-nous, like glue. Gluftoa [li.L. gluto gluton-is\ glutton;

glutire, to swallow], one who eats too much, animal allied to the badger. Glut'tonous.

Gl/eer-ine (y=Q [Qk, glyceros, sweet], sweet oily fluid. [knotty.

G?narled [obs. form kmiTlsd (knurl, knob)], Cnash [imlt.], strike (the teeth) together, Gnat [0,B. gnwt], blood-sucking fly. ffnaw [O.H. giiagani, eat away by biting. G neiss (nice) [O.H.O-. gncistan, to sparkle],

kind of crystalJine rock. Gnome [Qk. gnome, intelligence], goblin of

the mines. Gno'mon [Gk. gndmdn, an interpreter], style

or pin of a sun-dial. Gnu [Hottentot word], kind of antelope,

also known as wildebeest (Du. name), Go [O.E. gdii\, move about, move away, take

a course. Goad[0.i3.!7':«i], spiked stick for urging cattle;

ui^e on as mth a goad. Goal [?], place at •which a race is to end. • Goat [O.E. gaf], horned cud-chewing animal. Gob'bet [O.F. gohet, a gobbet; dim. oigobe,

a mouthful], lump, m^outlifnl. Gob'ble [perh.-fr. O.F. gober, to devour],

swallow greedily; (imit.) make a noise like 0, turkey.

Gob'let [F. gobelet, dim. of O.F. gobel^ a cup], drinking-cup without a handle.

Gob'lin [F. gohdiriy a goblin, perli. Gk. Iwbalos, a rogue], mischievous sprite.

God [O.E. god, perh. Ary. gheu, invoke or sacrifice], being who rules the univei-sc.

God'Sa'ther, and God'mo'tUer, persons who become sponsors for a child at baptism.

God'head [ir.E, godhedj God and -Acad, qual­ity], divine nature.

God'ly, pious, obedient to God's commands. God'send, unexpected piece of good fortune, Goffer, Gofer, Goph'er, Gauffer [F. gaufrc,

honeycomb; gaufrer, to stamp mth a patterned tool], crimp with heated irons.

Gog'gle [?], full and rolUng; (n, pi.) kind of spectacles.

Goi'tre (tre=ter) [L. guttur^ throat], enlarge­ment of gland in thi'oat. Goifc'rous.

Gold>[E. Alhed to Yellow], one of the most precious metals.

Gold'finch, beautiful singing-bird. Gold'smith, worker in gold. Golf [peril. Du. kolf, a club], game played

with clubs and a ball. Gon'd5-Ia [It, gotidola, etym, dub.], Yenctiau

boat with high ends. Gondolier'. Gou'Sal-on [It. gonjcdone; O.H.G. gundjano,

battle-flag], kind of banner hung from cross-bar.

Gong [Malay gong or guTig], flat-rimmed metal instrument which !b struck with a mallet.

Good [O.E. gdd], virtuous, kindj satisfactory. Good-bye' [contraction of " God be with

you " ] , farewell. Good'ly, pleasant, comely, large. Goods, wares. Goose [O.E.ff(^s], web-footed bu:d lai^er than

a duck; tailor's smoothmg iron. Goose'ber-ry, fruit of a prickly slmib. Gore [O.E. g&T^ a spear], wound with horns. Gore [O.E. gor, dirt], thick blood. Gore [O.E. gdra^ a projecting piece of land,

allied to gdr, a spear], wedge-shaped piece of cloth sewn in.

Gorge [O.E., perh. fr. Late L. gorga, throat, variant of L. gurgcs^ a whirlpool], throat, narrow passage between, mountains; fill up to the throat,

Gor'geous [perh. 0,F. gorgias, finely dressed; cf. O.F. gorgias, ruff for the neck, and F. gorge, throat], splendid and showy.

Gor'gon [Gk. GorgS, fr. gorgos, terrible], one of the three suake-haired women whose looks turned the beholder into stone, ugly person. [Africa.

Go-ril'la [0. African, gorilla], lai^e ape of W. Gorse [O.E. gorst], fairze or whin. Gos'liawk [see Goose and Hawk], large short-

winged hawk. [goose. Gos'ling [5=2] [Goose and dun. suf.], young Gos'pel [O.E. g6d, good, spel, a storv-], good

news, one of the four 3Jible narratives of the life of Jesus Ghi-ist.

Gos'sa-mer [perh. Goose aud Summer], filmy substance like cobweb.

Gossip 92 Grave Goa'sip [O.E. godsihb, related in God, tliat is

by religious obligationj, sponsor, God­parent, idle talk, tattler; tell idle tales.

Qoth'io [L. Qothidts, from GotMj the Goths], belonging to the Goths, not cla^ical; style of architecture of 12th to 16th centuries, marked by pointed arches.

Gouge (cM=<?w) [F. goitge; Low L. guhia^ a gouge], chisel with a hollow blade; scoop as with a gouge.

Gourd (0M=0£)) [F. gourde; L. citcurbita, a gourd], plant of the cucumber kind, cup made from a gourd rind.

Gour'mand (our=oo\ Gor'mand [origin un-Imown; P. gourmand], gluttom Gor'-mandize.

Gour'met (et=ai) [F. gourmef], critical judge of table delicacies.

Goat [L. gutta, a drop], disease ia which there is usually inflammation of the joints.

Gov'em(o=fl)[O.F. oyemCT"; li.gubemarc; Gk, cybeman, to steer, to govern], rule.

GoVer-ness (o=:u), female teacher, esp. in a family. ^

Gov'ern-ment (p=il)\ rule, the ruling power, a state, [controls.

Gov'et-n.ox (ffov=g&t;), one who governs or Gown [O.F. gounei M.L. gunna, fur garment],

loose upper garment, dress, [grasp. Grab [perlu taodif. of Grip], snatch; sudden Grace [L. gratiat favour, gr&tus, pleasing],

favour, quality wliich wins favour, beauty of ease, title of a duko or archbishop; adorn, do credit to.

Gracs'ful, displaying grace, easy and beau­tiful. Graceless, [ness.

Gra'cioug (ci=sh), disposed to show kind-Gra-da'tion, progre^ step by step, arrange­

ment in grades. [gradient. Giade [L. gradiis^ a step], step or degree, Gra'di-eni [L. gradl (pr.p. gradiens, -entis),

to walk], rate of graded ascent or descent in a road or railway.

Grad'u-al, by degrees. Grad'u-ate, mark with degrees, take a

degree at a university, Gradua'tion. Graft [earlier graff; Gk. graphio?ii a stylus,

qraphein, to write], a cutting of one tree mserted into part of another so as to bring about umon.

Grain [L. granum, a grain], corn, hard par­ticle, small weight.

Gram (or Gramme) [Gk. gramma^ a letter, a small weight], small weight.

Gram-i-niv'o-rons [L. gramen (gramin-is\ grass, vorar€f to devourj, feeding on grass.

Gram'ma-logue [Gk. gramma, a letter, logos^ discourse], word represented in shorthand hy a single sign.

Gram'mai [O.P, gramaira; Gk. grammcUikS (techjie), (art) of letters], science which treats of parts of speech.

Gram-ma'ri-an [Gk. gramina, a letter], one versed in grammar.

Gram-mane-al, of grammar, conforming to rules of grammar.

Gram'o-phoae [Gk. gramma, a letter, phonS^ sound], instrument for reproducing sounds.

Gram'pug [formerly graundepose, prob. fr. •"O.!?. grapois % IJ. crassus piscis, fat fish], animal of the whale kind.

Gran'a-ry [L. granum^ grain], place for storing grain.

Grand [L. graTidis, great], great, splendid. Graud'cfaild, son's or daughter's child, [man. Gran-dee' [Sp. grandCi gJ^nd], Spanish noble-Gian'denr, greatness, splendour. Grand'fa'ther, Grand'sire, parent's father. Gran-dll'o-guence [see Grand and Eloquence],

lofty speaking, Grandil'oqnent. Gran'di-ose' [!*• grandioso; see Grand],

impressive, affecting grandeur. Grange [M.L. granea, a barn; L. granuni,

corn], farm with the buildings, etc, Gran'ite [It. granito^ granite, orig. p.p. of

granire, to reduce to grains], granular crystalline rock.

Grant [O.P, grearUer^ to grant; L. credere (p.p. credenSy -entis), to believe], give, yield by request; thing granted.

Gran'n-lar [see Grain], consisting of grains, Grapo [O.F, grape^ a bunch of grapes, orig,

a hook], fruit of the viae. Grape'shot, email balls put several together

to scatter on being fired from cannon. Graph [Gk, graphein^ to write], diagram to

express a system of connection. Graph'io [Gk. graphein, to write], pictorial,

vividly descriptive. Graph'ically, Graph'ite [Ger. graphite fr. Glc, graphein^ to

write], plmnba^o or black lead. Grap'nal [dim, of O.F. grapin, a grapnel;

O.K grape^ a hook], small anchor with four or five hooks.

Grap'ple [properly to seize with a Grapnel], seize, fight as wrestlers. Grap'pling-iron,

Grasp [cogn. with Grope], seize and hold; seizure of the hand, power of seizing and holding,

Grasp'ing, greedy of gain. Grasa OJ^, grais], grain-yielding plant,

herbage. [family. Grass'hop-per, green insect of the locust Grate [O.P. grater, to grate; cf. Ger. Jcratzeny

to scratch], rub with something rough, soimd harshly.

Grate C^-^- grdla, crdta \ L, crdth^ hurdle], framework of bars,

Grate'ful [L. grdtus, pleashig, and Full], pleasing, thankful.

Gra'ter, utensil for grating, Grat'i-Jy [L. gjfltus, pleasing,/acere, to make],

please, satisfy. Gratifica'tion, Gra'tiS [L. griilis, freely, contracted from

gratiiSt abl. ^pl. of gratia^ favour], for nothing, [ness.

Grat'i-tude [L. grdtu^^ pleasing], thankful-Grat-u'l-tous [L, grdtus, pleasing], granted

without pay, uncalled for. Qrat-n'i-ty, free gift, Gravo^ [L. gravU, heavy], weignty, serious. Graved [see Engrave], carve or cut on a hard

substance,

Grave 93 Grovel Graved [perh. O.F. grave, shore], clean, (the

bottom of a ship). [place. Grave * [O.E. grcef; grafan, to dig], burial-Grav'el [O.F. gravelle^ dim. of grave^ gravel;

Celtic origin; cf. "W". gro^ pebbles], small pebbles.

Gra'ver, engraring tool. Gcav^i-tate [L, gravitare^ to gravitate^ gravis^

Ueayy], tend to more towards a centre. Grav-i-ta'tiOD, attractive force in matter. Grav'i-ty, weight, seriousness. [cooting. Gra'vy [etym, dub.], juice from meat in Gray or Giey [O.E. gri^g, colour between

white and black. Grayling [see Gray], silver-grey fresh-water

fish, Mnd of butterfly. [grass. Graze [O.E. grces, grass], feed on growing Graze [?], touch lightly in passing. Gra'zier (s:i=2h), one who feeds cattle for

market. Grease (se=ss) [L, crassus, fat], soft fat;

(se=s), smear with grease. [mighty. Great (ea~ai) [O.E. (7/^oi], large, important, Greaves [O.F. grevcs^ from greve^ the shin],

armour for the shins. Grebe [F. gr^be, etym. dub,], almost tailless

diving bird. fete). Greed [E.j, unworthy longing (for gain, food, Greed'y [O.E. grddig], gluttonous, eager for

possessions, covetous. [of grass. Green [O.E. gr^/w, cogn. with. Grow], colour Greeu'back, American bank-note. Green-gage [see Gage i], Mnd of plmn. Green'gro-eer, retailer of vegetables. Green'hom, one easily imposed on. Green'hoass, glass-house for rearing plants. Greet [O.E. grc^tanj, salute,.welcome. Gre-ga'ri-ons [L. grex (greg-is)^ a flock],

living in flocks, fond of company. Gre-nade' [Sp. granada, a pomegranate ; L.

granalus, full of seeds], small shell thrown by hand.

Greu-a-dier' [seo Grenade], originally a soldier who tlurew grenades, now a soldier of the foot-guards. [swiftness.

Gre/hound, slender, graceful dog of great Grid'dle [also girdle; prob. fr. O.F. gredil;

perh. ix. L. craticula^ a gridiron, dim. of crUiiSy & hurdle], iron plate for cooking cakes. *

Grid'iron [earlier gredirc; see Griddle], grated utensil for broiling.

Grief [L- graviSt heavy], sorrow^ Grie'vance, cause of complaint. • Grt'eve [L. grav&re, to grieve, gravis^ heavy],

mourn, cause grief to. Griev'ous. Griffin, Griffon [G-k. gryps^ a griffin], crea­

ture half lion, half eagle. Grig [?], small eel; a cricket. • GriU [B\, gril, a gridiron, griller^ to broil], a

gridiron; cook on a gri(3iron. Grilse [?], young salmon. Grim [E.; cf. Ger. grimnil, fierce and stern. Gri-mace' [F. grimace^ origin uncertain],

distortion of the face; make wry face. Grime [cf. Plem. grym]^ sooty particles en­

grained in the skin or other sui-face. Grim'y.

Grin [O.E. grennianl, show the teeth; broad smile.

Grind [E.; cf. Du. gre)iden\, crush as in a mill, sharpen by friction; monotonous labour, esp. hard study.

Grind'ston^ revolving disk of stone for grinding, sharpening or polishing.

Grip [cogn. with Gripe], to grasp ; a firmhold. Gripe [O.E. gripan]^ to clutch ; (n. 3 ;.) pains , in the bowels.

Gris'ly [J=0) [O.E. grislic], horrible. Grist [O.E. grist], corn for grinding, malt

crushed for brewing. Gris'fle [O.E. ^istle], tough elastic tissue. Grit [O.E. griotj pebbles], sand, coarse parfc

of meal, pluck, Griz'zly [fr. obs. grizzle, grey], greyish. Groan [O.E. grdmaTi], deep, mournful sound

expressing pain or grief. Groat [M.Du. groot; orig. meaning great in

the sense " th ick"] , old coin equal to fourpence.

Groats [cogn. with O.E. grof, a fragment], grain, chiefly oats, hulled, or hulled and crushed.

Gro'cer [formerly grosser; O.F. grassier, a wholesale dealer; see Gross], dealer in tea, sugar, etc. Gro'cery.

Grog [short for grogram, from " Old Grog," nickname of Admiral Vernon, who wore grogram trousers], spiiits and cold water.

Grog'ram [formerly grogran; F. gros grain, coarse grain], stuH of silk and mohaii*.

Groin [earlier grynde; cf. O.E. grynde, an abyss], line between thigh and abdomen, projecting curve formed by the inter section of vaults.

Groom [perh. shortened from O.F. gromet, a lad, a servant], man who has charge of horses.

Grooms'man, attendant on a bridegroom. Groove [Du. groeve, groove, graven, to dig],

long hollow cut, rut. Grope [O.E. grdpian, to seize], feel one's way. Gross [F. gros(iera.grosse'),ij.'L.grossiis,hiQy

coarse; twelve dozen. Gro-tesane' (_qu€=k) [F. grotesque; It.

grottesca, painted work on the walls of grottoes], wildly formed, fantastic.

Grof to [It. grotta, a cave, cogn. with Crypt], cave, natural or artificial.

Ground [O.E. gnind, earth, laud; basis; (pZ.) dregs; give a foundation; run aground.

Ground'sel [also groundswcll; O.E. gundce-swelgiw, swallower of pus, gund, pus], weed with small yellow flowers.

Group (pu=oo) It. gruppo, a group, allied to Crop], cluster, assemblage; arrange in groups.

Grouse (se^ss) [?], reddish game-bird. Grouse (set^'ss) [etym. doubtful], to grumble. Grove [O.E. graf, perh. a lane cut through

a wood], small wood. Grov'el (tO [backward formation from Grovel-

ling, face downwards, an adv. taken as pr.p. fr. O.K. a grufu, on one's face], lie prone or crawl, be abject,

Grow 94 Gyves Grpw(o) [O.E. grdwan]^ exist as a livingplant,

iacrease in size. [angrily. Giowl [perh. imit.], grumble, murmur Growth (i?), growing, increase. Grub [perh. cogn. with.Graved],larva of some

beetles; dig. Grudge [O.F. groucier^ rp-ouclter; M.L.

groiissare, to murmurj, envy, give re­luctantly ; ill-will, feeling oi reluctance in giving. [water or milk.

Gru'el PJ. griUum, mealj, meal boiled in Gruc'some (some^sHm) [obs. grue^ to shud­

der, with suf. some]., horrible. Gruff (cf. Ger, gT(^1, rough ia manner. Gmm'ble [cf. P. grormneler; Ger. grumtneln^

to grumble], mutter with discontent. Grunt [O.E. grunettan, imit.], make a noise

like a pig, Gaa'no Cii=-uj) [Sp. gnano; Peruv. Jiuanu,

dung], excrement of sea-birds, chiefly of Peru, used as manure.

Gwai>an-tee' [formerly garantd, person that gives security; cogn, with F. garaiitir, to warrant], surety; pledge oneself for.

Guard [P. garder^ to watch], keep watch over; one who or that which protects, a watch, a train conductor.

Gtiard'i-aii, keeper, protector; watcliing. Gua'va (M=W> [Sp. and \T. Ind. guayaba],

fruit of the E. and "W. Indies. Gud'geoa [P. govjon; L. gobio, gudgeon],

small freshwater fish, credulous person. GMel'der-rose [from QueUcrs in Prussia],

plant with clusters of white flowers like snowballs.

Guer'don [O.P. guerdon; M.L. widerdonum; O.H.G. uidarldn, vnder, back, and W», loan, assim. to I/, donum, a gilt], reward.

Gwe-ril'la, G«er-ril'la [Sp. guerrilla^ dim. oX guena, war], pertaining to irregular, independent warfare; man taking part in such warfare.

Guess [Ar.E. gessen; cogn. with Get], rapidly formed unproved belief; to make a guess.

Gtcestp.'E.geist\ ctOJ^.gesCr; Dan, gtest; Swed. gSsU a guest], one who is enter­tained at the house of another.

Guf-faw' [imit.], loud laugh. Gwi'dance, direction, leading. Guide C . gnider; prob. fr. Teut. root;

allied to Wit], lead, direct; one who guides.

Guild, Gild [O.E. gild, guild, payment], a^ociation of men of tlio same class.

Guile fO.P. gjiih; prob. Wile is a doublet], deceit, wile.

G«il'le-mot [perh. from P. Ouillaume^ "William], kind of diving-bird.

Qifil'Io-tine (p\€=eai) [from P. inventor, GuiUotin], instrument for beheading; behead by the guillotine.

Gwilfe [O.E, gjU, fr. giMan, to pay], oSence against right, criminality.

Guin'ea [from Port. Guiv^ (in A-irica)], old coin which was worth 21s.

Guise (s^z) [P. guise; cogu. with O.H.G. w?5flp a way], fashion, dress, cloak,

G»i-far' [Ii. and Gk. cithaTa., a lyre], stringed mu 'ical instrument.

Gull [Late G-k. colphos-, a gulf, G-k. colposy the bosom], arm of the sea, abj'ss.

GuU^ [perh. Wp gCajlan; cf. Corn, gullan; Bret, gicclan, a guU], sea-bird,

Gull 2 [perh. from guU, to delude, through guU, to gorge, cram], dupo • cheat, deceive.

Gull'et [O.P. goukty dim. of O.F. goule, the throat; L. gula, tliroat], neck-passage for food.

GuU'i-ble [see Gull 23, easily cheated. Gul'ly [L. gukif throat], deep channel worn

by water. Gulp [imit.], swallow in large mouthfuls. Gum [O.E. ffrfmfl], flesh containing roots of

teeth, Gum [Grk. commi, gum], sticky Juice from

trees; join or cover with gum. [sense. Gura^J'tion [Scot.; etym. dub.], common-Gim [?], firearm. Gun'nery. Gun'pow-der, explosive mixture of saltpetre,

chaicoal, and sulphur. Gun'wale [gunnel) [see Gun and Wale],

upper edge of a Yc^el's side. Gtir'gle petal, gorgogliaroj to gui^le, gorgo, a

whirlpool, imit.], make a laubbUug noise. Gusil [M.B. gosshe; perh. imiL], rush copi-

onsly; rapid outpouring. Gua'sefc [P. goussetf dim. of goiisse, a pod, a

husk], triangular piece of material inserted into a garment. [wind.

Gust [CN, gustr., a gust], sudden blast of Gus'to [It. gusto; L. gustiis, taste], keen relish. Gut [O.E. gut, (pL) giittas, orig. a channel],

intestine; remove the interior, Gut-ia-per'cha [Slalay gelah, gum, percha^

name of tree], dried milky juice of some trees.

Gut'ter [O.P. guiiere^ gutter; L. gutla, a drop], caves channel, roadside channel; to furrow with streams ; (of a candle) to melt away, tin'ough the tallow or was pouring down.

6ut'iur-al [IJ- guititr, the throat], souad formed in the throat. [or chain.

Guy [O.P. guicr, to guide], steadying rope Gity [orig. used of aneSlgj' of Gxiy Pawkes],

queerly di'esscd person. Guz'zle [perh, O.P. gosiller, to vomit; P.

gosier, the throat], drink greedily. Gym-na'si-um [g—j) [G-k. gijmnasion, gym-

na-^um, gymnos, naked], a place for ath­letic exercises, (on the Coutinent) pre-par;ttory school for the university.

Gym-nas'fics (g=3)i athletic exercises, Gym'nast.

Gyp'suin (g=j) [L. gypsum; Gk. gypsos, chalk], mineral of which alabaster is one variety.

Gyp'sy, Gip'sy (p'=i) [earlier gypcyan, short for Egyptian, because the gypsies were supposed (wrongly) to come from Egypt], one of a well-known wandering race.

Gy'rate (?=;') [Gk, gyros, a ring], move spirally, rcvoh-e. Gyra'tion.

Gyves (,g~3) [?], fetters, esp, for the legs,

Haberdasher 95 Handsome

H Eab'er-dash-er [A.1?. Jiaperias, the name of a

fabric], dealer m smaliwares. Hab'er-geon (ffc=j) [r . ]iaubergeon\ see Hau­

berk], sleeveless coat of mail. Ha-bil i-ment [0 r . habiller, to clothe ; L.

Mbihs^ lit, habere, to have], article of clothing,

Hab'it [i-i. habere (p p. Jiobitiis), to have], custom, piactice, diess.

Hab'it-a-ble [L. habitare (p.p. habitatus\ to d\^ell, ficq. of habere^ to have], that can be lived m.

Hab-i-ta'tion, occupancy, dwellhig place. Hab-it'u-al, formed hj habit, usual Ha-bit'u-ate [L. Mbituare (p.p. habxtudtus),

from /i«6i(?«], accustom. Habitu^ (ff-Si ioo-ai) [F. p p. of Itaintuer],

habitual visitor, frequenter. Hack OLE. haclcen], to cut irregularly. Hack [short for j^ckney], hoise for luie,

woin-out horse. Hack'ney [O.r. Jiaquene'e^ an ambhng horse],

iiorse for ordinary nding, coach for hire; make commonplace. Hack'neyed.

Had'dock [?], sea-fish allied to the cod. Ha'des (Jiaydees) [Gk. Ilad§s\^ name of the

god of the lower world, his kmgdom, the realm of departed spirits.

Hsem'a-tito (Jiccm—hem), see Hem'atite. Htem'oi-i/i.age hwm=^hem\ see Hem'o>

Haft [O.E. hwft(e\ cogn. with Heave], a handle (of a kmfe, sickle, etc ).

Hag [?], ugly old woman, bog, diy spot in bog Hag'gard [of. P. hagard, wild], wasted and

hollow-eyed; untamed liawk. Hag'gis [?1, sheep's heart, etc., chopped and

seasoned, and boiled m sheep's stomach-bag.

Hag'gle [freq. of IToi-th E., 7iag, to cut], to dispute in bargamuig; cut clumsily.

Hail [0 N. heiU, sound], call to, salute; a call, exclamation of salutation.

Hail [O.E. hccgl, hail], frozen ram; fall as frozen ram.

Eair[O.E.7iar,7jer], fine thread-like outgiowth from the skm, mass of such outgrowths.

Hake [?], fish of the t-od family. Hal'berd tlI.H.G. hclniharde, from helm^

helmet, and barta, broad axe], ancient long-handled weapon,

Hal'cy-on (c soft) [L. halcyon, a kingfisher], kuagfisher; calm, happy.

Halei [O.E. Ml whole], sound, healthy, Halea lO.'F.haleri O.H.a./MMn,tohaul],to

drag f orcibl v. Ha/f [0.J3. healf. Oom. Tcut oldest sense

"s ide"] , one of two equal parts; (n. pi.) Halves. [penny.

Ha^£'pen-ny, Ha'pen-ny, com worth half a Hal i-but [M.I3. hah^ holy; butt, a plaice],

large flat fish. Hall (a~aw) [O.E. hcalll^ large public room,

entrance room, mauoi-house,

HaJl-mark, stamp (orig. used at G-oldsraifclis' L l Hall only) for inarkmg assayed gold n or Sliver.

Hal-le-lu']ah' (3=y) [Heb. hallelu, praise ye, jaA, Jehovah], praise Jehovah I

Hal-loct', Hal-loo' £imit.], call to attract attention.

Hal'low [O.E. Mlig, holy], make holy. Hal-Iu'ci-na'tion [L. hallUcindri (p p. halu-

tinatus)j to wander m mmd], wandermg of the mmd, delusion.

Ha'Io [Gk. halds, a round threslung-floor], circle of light.

Halt («=aip) [Ger, halt (in halt machen), stop, hold], to stop; a stop.

Halt [O.E. halt, to limp; lame. EaXt'et(a=aw) [O.E. hceltre, str&p forle idmg

or tying a horse. ^ I v e [M:.E. lialfenl, cat into two equal parts. Hal'yaid, KlU'iaid [M.E. haherj that wluch

hales or hauls], rope or tackle for hoistmg or lowermg yards, etc.

Ham [O.E, hamm, thigh], part of the leg at the back of the knee, extends also to the back of the thigh, thigh of an animal, esp. of a hog salted and dried.

Ham'a-dry'ad [L. Hamddryas% 6k. hama-dryas, fiom hama, together with, and drySj tree], wood-nymph said to live and die with the tree she inhabited.

Hamlet [dim. of O.E, hamely a hamlet, dim. of Teut, ham, home], small village.

Ham'mer [O.B. hamer, tool for driving nads, etc., part of a ganlock; to pound, beat out, [coach-box.

Ham'mer-cloth [?], doth which covers a Ham'mock [Sp, hamaca, a Oaribbean word],

swingmg bed. Ham'per [O.E. hanapier, orig, a vessel to

keep cups in, hanap, a cup], large basket. Ham'per [?], encumber, impede. Ham'stei [Ger. hatusierji rat-like animal with

cheek-pouches. Ham'sfxmg, one of the tendons at the back

of the Imee; cut the hamstrm^ Hand [0 E. haTid], arm below the wrist,

pomter on a dial, measmre of 4 inches; give, pass.

Haud'euff, put fetters on the wrists. Hand'i-cap [from "hand i' cap," "hand in

the cap," a way of drawing lots], allow­ance m a race; place at a disadvantage

Hand'i-craSt, trade requirmg work by the hand.

Hanc^'keiKihie^ small square of linen, etc, Han'dle [O.E. kandlian]^ use or hold with

the hand, manage; part of a vessel, etc., to be grasped by the hand.

HancZ'sel CO.N. handsal, conclusion of a bargain by shakmg hands; Dan. handsel^ earnest-money], payment, gift, etc., which 13 the fii-st of a series, oi pledge of what is to follow; to give such payment to, to be the first to ut.e.

Han^'some isome=sum) [oiic . meaning dex­terous, O.E. Iiand, and suf. 'Soyjie, good-loo kmg, geneious.

Hand^ 96 Haversack Hand'y, ready to the hand, skilful. Hang [O.B. fiangiaii]^ fasten without sui)porfc

from below, Han'gar [F.], aeroplane-shed. Hang^dog, sneaMng, ashamed. [belt. Hang'cr [from Hang], short sword hung from Hank [of. O.N. Jtonk, a hank; Swed. Aant, a

string ; Dan. 7«r« •, a handle], coil or loop of yarn.

Han'ker [?], to long. Han'kering. Han'som, [from J. A. Hansom, its inTentor],

two-wheeled covered cab for two. Hap [O.N". happ^ chance], chance, luck. Hap'haa'ard, chance, random. Hap'less, unlucky. Hap'Iy, by chance. Hap'pen, come by chance, occur. Hap'py [see Hap],lucky, contented, apt. Ha-rangtie' [31.1/. harenga; Ifcal. amtga, a

harangue; ctIt.fln;i^o,anarena],noisyor dbputatious address; address by a harangue.

Har'ass [F. Jtarasser^ perh, from O.F. harer, to set a dog on], weary, worry, Tex.

Kir'bin-ger [O.H,G. heriberga, a camp, lodging; see Harbour], forerunner, mes­senger.

Har'bour fM.E. here, army, heorg, shelter], shelter, haven for ships, to ' shelter, cherish (thoughts).

Hard [0,E. Aearrf], unyielding to touch, firm, harsh, not easy to bear.

Har'di-hood [see Hardy], boldness. [bear. Hard'ship [see Hard], that which is hard to Hard'ware, ware made of metal, Hard'y [F. hardi, orig. p.p. of hardir, to

harden], bold, strong. ^ l e [O.E. /earn], gnawing animal (rodent)

which moves by leaps. Haie'lip, lip with a fissure. Ha'rem [Arab, haramy prohibited], women's

apartments in Mohammedan house, its occupants.

Har'i-eo^ t^-i etym. dub.], kind of bean, a stew of meat with beans, etc.

Hark [M.E. ^er^'ioi], listen, HaT'le-gnin [It. arleccMno, harlequin; etym.

doubtful], masked performer with a wand in a pantomime. Har-le-QUin-ade',

Har'lot [O.F. harlot, knave], immoral woman. Harm [O.E. ftear/n], injure ; injury, damage.

Harm'Iessness. Ha>mo''m-ous, in concord, free from dissent. Har-mo'ni-um [F.; see Harmony], musical

instrument like a small organ. Har'mo-ny [G-k. harmonia, harmony; harmos,

0, joining], just adaptation of parts, con­cord, agreement. Harmon'ic, Har'monize.

Har'ness [O.P. liameis^ armour], armour; equipment of a horse for drawing; equip with harness.

Haip [O.E, hearpe], upright stringed instru­ment, played with the fingers; to play this, dwell tediously (on).

Har-poon' [P. harpe^ a dog's claw, a damp; Gk. harpS, a sickle], spear with rope attached for throwing at whales.

Harp'si-e/^o^d [sec Harp and Chord], key­board instrument.

Bar'py [Gk. harpj/iai, lit. suatchera; Gk. harpazein, to snatch], fabulous winged monster.

Har'ri-d.an [?.], -visenish haggard old woman, Har'ri-er [perh. from HaieJ, dog for hunting

hares, Har'ioio [M.E. harioe], toothed agi-icultural

implement; to draw a harrow over; dis­tress greatly.

Har'ry [O.E. hergian^ to harry, here, an army], to plunder, lay waste, harass.

Harsh [cf. Dan. harsh, Swed. hiirsk; i-aucid], rough and disagreeable,

Hart [O.E. hcort], stag or male deer. Haits'horn, substance originally obtained

from the horns of the hart, aqueous solution of ammonia.

Har'vest [O.E. hcvrfest, autumn, orig." crop " ] , ingathering of crops, season of gathering.

Hash [F. ?JacJicr, to hack], chop small; that which is hashed, new mixture of old matter. [end.

Hasp [O.E. hcepse], clasp which is fast at one Has'soek [O.E. hassuc, a tuft of grass], stuSed

cushion or footstool. Haste fO.F. haste, haste; O.E. hcest, violence],

speed; to huny. Ha'sien, make haste, hurry. Hat [O.E. ftce^], outdoor head-covering. Hatch [M.E. iiacchen], produce young from

Hatch [O.E. fto?c, 7«c], lower part of divided door, trap-door covering hatchway, Iiatch-way.

Hatch t^. hacher, to hack], shade, usually by parallel lines.

Hatch'et [F. hachctte, dim. of hacfie^ an axe], small ase,

Hatch'ment [corr. of Achievement; see Achieve], ai-ms of a deceased person on a panel.

Hatch'way, opening in a ship's deck, Hate (O.E. hete^ha-Ye a great dislike to, wish

ill to; intense dislike. Ha'tred [O.E. hete, hate; rcvdm, condition],

intense dislike, ill-will Hau'berk [O.H.Q-, halsberg\ hals, neck, and

bergan, lo cover], coat of mail. HaufifA-'ty [F, haut; L, altus, high], proud

and disdainful, Haugh'ti-ness, Haul [var. of Hale -, to drag; draught. Haunoh Om=aw or a/0 [0,F, hanche, haunch,

cf, 0.H.G1-. ancha, the leg], part between ribs and thigh, (of meat) leg and loin,

Haunt [F, Iianter, to haunt], resort to frequently, visit as a ghost; a resort,

Haut'boy (.ho'boi), O'boe (o'boi) [F. hautbois, haut^ hi^h, and bois, wood], wooden wind instrument of liigh p'tch.

Have [O.E,7ia6&an], possess; also used as an aaa^liary,

Ha'ven [O.E. hcefml, plact of anchorage, shelter.

Hsv'er-sackfGer, hobersach; haher,hafer,oa.ts, sack, a sack], soldier's case for provisions.

Havoc 97 Hence Hav'GC [A.]F. havok; O.P. havot, plunder],

wide destruction. Haw [0,E. haga, a hedge], Iruit of the haw­

thorn. , [prey. Hawk [O.E. TiaJiuc, Jieafoc, a hawk], bird of Hawk Cirom Hawker], ccmy about for sale. Hawk [imit.], clear the throat noisily. Haw'ker [M.L.G-. hol-er; Du. heuker^ a

hawier], one who hawts goods, Haws'er [O.P. haucier; Late L. altidrc, to

lift; L. aUuSj high], large rope or small cable.

Haw'thorn [see Haw], thorny shrub or small tree with red or white flowers.

Hay [O.E. hieg'jf grass cut and dried. Haz'ard [O.'F. hasard; Sp. azar, hazard ;

perh. of Arab, orig.], danger, risk, bad groimd in golf; to risk. Haz'aidoas.

Haze [?], light vapour or smoke, dimness. Ha'zy.

Ha'zsl [O.E. /icEjer], small tree with an edible nut; light brown,

Head [O.E. kiafod'\^ seat of the brain, top, principal source, crisis; to lead, get before. [title.

Head'ing, that which stands at the head, Headland, cape. Headlong [from Head, and adverb suf. -ling],

head foremost, without delay. Hectd'strong, obstinate, ungovcmablo, Head'way, progress, Head'y, rash, violent. Heal [O.E. hmlari]^ make sound, cure. Health [O.E, JicsUIij^ state' of being sound.

Health'y, Heap [O.E. heap], pUe or mass; to pile. Hear [O.E. hleraii], perceive sound. Heark'en (see Hark], listen, Hear'say, report, gossip. Heaiso [F. herse; L. Mrpex hiTpic-is\ a

harrow], carriage for the dead. Heart [O.E, heorte], organ which keeps up

circulation of blood, seat of affections, courage.

Eeart'en [see Heart], to encourage, Hearth [O.E. heordh], iloor of a fireplace. Heart'y. earnest, warm, eager. Eearf less. Heat [O.E. h(&tu], high temperature, warmth,

single course in a race, etc.; make hot. Heafedly.

Heath [O.E. Jiccdh]^ small flowering sln:ub, place overgrown with shrubs.

Eeath'en [O.E. Mdften, lit. a dweller on a heath], one whose religion is neither Christian, Jewish, nor Mohammedan.

Heath'er [?], common heath. Heave [O.E. Jiebban], lift, cast; rising or

swell, a throw, Heay^en [O.E. Itefm, later heofone; etym.

doubtful], abode of the blest, sky. Heav'y [O.E, liejig]^ of great weight. Heb-dom'a-dal [Gk. hebdomas, a week;

heptaj seven], weekly. Hec'a-tom6 [Gk. hecalon, a hundred; hons, an

ox], sacrifice of many victims, Hec'tiC [Gk. hexis, habit of body; echein, to ,

hold], consumptive, morbidly flushed, I

Hee'tor [Q-k. Hector, the hero of Troy], to bully,

Hedge [O.E. hecg], row of bushes closely set to form a boundary; enclose with a hedge, to secure against loss by betting on both sides, avoid committing oneself.

Hedge'hog, spiny animal, He'don-ism [Gk. hedone, pleasure], doctrino

that pleasure is the chief good- He'donist, Heed [O.E. hidan], to mind; notice, atten­

tion. [side, Heel [O.E, Mcldan, to incline], lean to one Heel [O.E. Mia, also hdh, heel], hind part of

the foot, Hefty [Oolloq., see Heave], weighty, strong. He'gem-on-y (^=j) [Gk, hegemOn, a leader],

leadership, esp. of one State over others, Heifer [O.E. lieahfore], young cow. Height leigh^T), [O.E, hiehto], condition of

being high, distance above. Hei'nous (ei=ai) [E, hainettx, odious,

haine, hatred; cf. Goth. haijaUy to hate], hateful, very wicked. Hein'ousness.

jHeir, fern, ^eir'ess (d=ai) [Late L. Iteres^ an heir], one who succeeds or wiU succeed to property.

Jifeir'loom [see Heir and Loom i], article that has been in a famfly for a long time,

He'li-o-graph [Gk. hSlios, the sun; graphdn, to write], sun telegraph, apparatus for photographing the sun.

He'li-o-fiope [Gk. helios, the sun, tropos, a turn], plant whose flowers and leaves turn to the sun, shade of purple of the flowers.

Hell [0.E, Jiel, hell], state of misery, Hades, abode of the dead.

Helmi [O.E. Mm], helmet. Helm 2 [O.E. helma], steering implement. Hel'met [dim, of Helm l], armour for the head. Hel'ot [fr, Helosj Laconian to\7n], serf in

ancient Sparta, [aid. Help [O.E. helpan], assist, prevent, remedy; Help'mate [suggested by Jidp meet (Gen, ii.

18]; see Help and Mate], helpful com­panion.

Hel'ter-skd'ter [imit.], in confusion, [etc. Helve [O.E, hielfe], handle of an aie, hatchet, Hem [O.E. hem], edge of cloth doubled over

and sewn, edge; sew a folded edge. Hem [imit.], slight cough to call attention. Hem'a-tlte, Haem'a-tite [Gk. haimatUSSy fr.

haima, blood], an iron ore, Hem'i-sphere [Gk. hemi, half, spMira, a

sphere], half a sphere, half of the terrestrial sphere. Hemispher'icaL

Hem'i-stich (ch=k) [Gk. hemi, half, stichos, verse], half a line of verso.

Hemlock [O.E, hymUc(e)], poisonous plant. Eem'of-rAage, Heem'or/iage ce=S) [Gk.

haima, blood, rhSgnumi^ to break], dis­charge of blood.

Hemp [O.E, henep, hcenep. Cogn. with L. and Gk. cannabis, hemp], plant of the nettle family, also the fibre of the plant, Hemp'en.

Hen [O.E. henn], female fowl. Hence [M.B. hennes], from here; therefore,

Henchman 98 Hirsute Heneh'man [0 B hengest^ ahorse, and Man],

attendant, follower Hen na [Arab henna^^ henna], shnib grown

in the Easfc, dve made from its leaves and shoots.

Hep-atic [Gfe hepaiicos, hepar, the liverl relating to the In cr

Hepta-gon [Gk. /tcpta, seven, g5ma, an angle], plane figure with seven sides Hepta -gonal.

Hep'tar-chy (ch=l) [Qk hepia^ se^ en arckein, to rule], seven states of early England; government by seven rulers

Her'ald [0 F /teratit, ongin doubtful], officer who proclaimed war, etc , announce beforehand. Heral die

Hei ald-ry, art of recording genealogies and blazoning arms.

Herb [L Jieiba^ grass], plant whose ctem i3 not woody.

Her-ba'ceous, pertaimng to herbs Herb'al-ist, one who has a knowledge of

herbs, dealer in herbs Hecuba n-um, collection of dried plants Her-blv'o-rou3 [L herba, grass, vorare^ to

devour], herb eafcmg Her-cule-an [L Herculem^ of or relatmg

to Bercules, having or requinng greit strength.

Herd [0 E. heordj, number of large animals together, go m a herd, tend (cattle, etc ;

Here[0 E. /i^r],in this place. Here-ai ter, tune after this, Here-by, by this. Her-ed i-ta-ry, passing from an ancestor to

an hen* or heirs Her-ed i-ty [L Jieres^ an heir], transirussion of

tendencies from ancestors to descendants Her'e-3y IQk hairesis, choice, sect, hairein, to

choose], opinion contrary to that which is generally held

Her e-tie, one who holds to a heresy or heresies. Herat ical.

Her'it-age, portion by birth Her liable Her-mefic-al-ly [ML Iiermeticus, relatmg

to alchemy, IlermeSy Gik name for Mercury], tightly (closed) by fusion or weldmg.

Her'mit [Gk eremza^ a desert], one who lives m sohtude. Her mitage.

He'ro, fern. Hero-me [L. and Gtk. heros fern, heroine], very brive person, prmcipal person zn a storj, etc Her'oism,

Her-o'lC, pertaining to or worthy ot a hero Her'on [O r hatron; 0 H Q-. /lezffer,« heron],

long necked, long legged wading bird Her'nng [0 E. h(ering1^ northern sea-fish Hes'i-tate [5=^2) [L /jccsi/are (sup hcvsitatum]^

freq of h'vrere^ to stick], be uncertam, to waver. Heata hon,

Hest, see Behest. Hefer-o-dox [Gk. Jicteros, other, doxa,

opimon], (opmjons) contrary to an ac cepted standard Hef erodoxy.

Het-er-o-ge'ne-ous [Qlv. heteros, other geTws, kmd], dificring m kmd, composed of diverse elements.

Heur-iS tic [Gk heunstetn^ to find], servmg to cliscover

Eev7 [0 E Mairari], cut or shape with a hirp iri'^trament

Hexa-gon [Gk. hex, six, goma, an angle], plane figuie of six angles and six sides

Hes-am'e-ter [Gk hex, sis, mdron i me I'-ure], vcr^e of six feet [spirits

Hey'day (ey=^ai) [?], time of vigour, hi rh Hi-atU3 (In az las) [X hiare (p p hiatui) to

gape], gap Hi ber-nate [L hlbcmus, wintry], to wmter,

pass the mntei iiz a torpid state Hiberna tion

Hlc cup, Hic cough (cotigh=cup) [earlier htcUt jmit ], spasmodic drawing m of breath.

Hick o-ry [Virginian pohiclery, Korth Ameiican nnt-beanng tice

Hide^[OE fnjd] skm of a large ammal Hide 2 [0 E hydan], v;iihdraw or put out of

sight keep secret Hide-0U3 [OF hdoSj hideous, hii,de, icai,

frightful, very ugly Hlc (i) [O B higian, to strive after], hasten Hi er-ar chy (ch=Jc) [Gk kieros, sacred,

aTcheJfi, to rule], orders of angela, body of priests, etc

Hi'er-0-glyph, Hi'er-o-glyph ic [Gk kieroi, sacred gli/p7ie%n, to engra\ej, character m picture writmg, as of the ancient Egyptians

Hig'gle [form of Haggle], chaffer, haggle High [O i hiahj, tall, above other thmgs High'way, mam load High'way-man, robber on the public road Hi-lan-ou3 [L kilaris, cheerful], mirthful,

boisterously meny. Hilar ity HiU [0 E. h>/U], low mountam large hc"p. Hillock [dim. of Hill], small hiU Hilt [O 'h. hiW], handle of a sword, etc Hind 1 (5) [0 E hind], female of the stag. Hind2(2)[XE ?iine,prdb fr Mna, gen pi of

hiqan, servants], a farm servant, a rustic Hind 3 (i) [i erh. fr 0 E. hinder or hckuidan,

behind], at the back Hind'er (i) [• ce Hmd^], m the rear. Hmder (5) \0 E hindnari],keep back Hindmost u) [see Hrnd^], furthest behind Hindiance, act of hmdenng, that which

hmders. Hinge [M E heng]^ hook or ]omt to turn on,

stand or turn as on a lunge. Hmt[prob fr oba /(eni, to lay hold of], slight

mention of suggestion ; refer sU^htly Hip [0 E hyve] projectm^ part of the thigh Hip [0 E hi ypc], fruit of the ro- e [fepirits Hip [shoiif-iied from Hypoehondna], low Hip po-drome [Gk. hippof, a horse drtnnos, a

course] co irse for horses jud chaiiots Hip po-pot a-mus [Gk hippos, a horse,

poiamos, a river], la'-ge nver ammal with thick hide

Hire [0 E A /r], v ages, pay for temporary nse, procure for temporary use at a price Hireling

HIT sute [L Mrsu'ns, brii^tly], hairy

Hiss Hood Hiss [imit ], ptolonged sound like that of s;

make a sound like that of s. His-tor'ic, celebiated in lustory, His-tor'ic-al, of or relating to histoi-y. His'to-ry [Gk. histana, learning by enquiry,

inlonnation; htitorj learned], recoxd, pai-ticulaily of events affectmg nations.

His-tri-on'ic [L. histrio Qiistnon-is)^ a playci], theatrical.

Hit [O.^. hf/Uan; cf. Dan. hifte; Swed. A?«a, to come upon], a striking against, stroke of success ; strike, come upon, -

Hitch [?J, sudden stop, pull up, knot; to hook, ]erk.

Hith'er [O.E. Mder], to this place. Hith'er-to, up to tins time. Hive [O E. hyfji structure m which bees

live; gather (bees) into a hive, store, live together like bees,

Hoar [O.E, Jiaf], white or giayish. Hoard [O.E. fiord]j a store, hidden supply;

lay up m store. Hoard'ing: [O T. hourd^ a scaffold, or Du.

liorde, a hurdle], hieh fence of boaids. Hoarse [O.E. Ms\ M.E. MTS\ lough and

husky. Hoar'y [see Hoai], white or gray with age. Hoax [short for hocus, to cheat], deceptive

trick or story. Hob [?], iron shelf at the side of a grate. Hob'ble [prob. cogn. with Du. hobbelen, to

rock], walk lamely, tie the legs; uneven gait, rope, etc.; to hobble a horse.

JSdh'hy [0.1>^. Tiohin, hobz, perh. vaiianfc of Robmi, rockmg horse, constantly recurrmg tiubjecfc of talk, favounte puraiut.

Hob-gob'lin Ihob (for Robin) and Goblin], ghost or spectre, mischievous fairy.

Hob'nailj sliort, broad-headed nail. Hob'nob [earber hab 7iaby O.E. habban, to

have, nabbany not to have], associate familiarly.

HockS Hough (WA) [0 E. hdh, the heel], part m animals coiresponding to the ankle mmau.

Hock" [from place name IlocJiJieim], German white iMiie.

Hock'ey [?], game played with hooked sticks and a ball.

Hod [O.E. hotte a basket], fcray with a handle for mortar, etc.

Hoe [E. houe; O.H.G. kownd, a hoe, houican, to hew], tool to dig up weeds ; break the giound, etc., with a hoe.

Hog [?], swine [cask. Hogs'head, measnre of 52* gallons, large Hoist [formerly hozse; cf. O.Du. hyssen^ to

hoist], a lift; raise, esp. by tackle. Hold [for Hole], mtenor of a ship below the

deck. [fast. Hold [O.E. haJdan], grasp; to grasp, keep Hold'ing, farm held of another Hole [0 B. hoi], openmg through a tiling, pit. Hoi'i-flay [0 L. hdhgd(sg; see Holy, Day], day

for a public festival, day of freedom from NNOlk

Ho'll-ness, state of being holy.

HoI'land [fiom province of Northern Nether­lands, now Holland], kmd of Imon.

Hol'lands [Du. hollandsch genevcr, Holland gm], gm.

Hol'low CM.E. holg, Jiolu; 0 E. holh], having an empty space withm; unfilled space, depiession.

Horiy[O.E. hok(g)n'\, evergreen shrub. Hol'ly-hock [Holy, and obs, hod, mallow

(O.E. hoc)], tall plant with la.rge flowers. Holm (h5m) [O.N. holmr, an islet], islet in a

river, low flat land. Hol'D-caust [&k. holos, whole, caiein, to

burn], burnt sacrifice, great massacre, Hol'D-graph [Q-k. holos, whole, graphein, to

write], document wholly in the writing of the person sigmng it.

Hol'ster (p long) [Du, holster, a holster], pistol-case on a saddle.

Ho'ly [O.E. Mhg, holy; Ml, whole], sacred, sD'ntually whole. Ho'lily.

Hom'age [0 F. omnvigt, homage; L homo, a man], reverential submission, respect.

Home [O.E. hdm], dwelling-place, native place.

Home'ly, plain, unpretending. Home'span, spun at home; cloth made of

yarn spun at home, Home'stead [Home and O.E. stede, a place],

house, esp. farm-house and the buddings connected with it,

Hom'i-eide []J. homoy a man, ccedere, to kill], killing of man by man, a murderer. Homieid'al,

Hom'i-ly [Q-k. homilos, a crowd, homou, to­gether, tie, a crowdj, sermon. Honiilei'ic.

Hom'i-ny [Ainer. Indian, auhurmnea, parched corn], crushed maize boiled with water or milk.

Ho-mce-op'a-thy (ffi=if) [Ok. homoxos, like, •pathos, sufEenng], art of curing by drugs which would produce m healthy persons symptoms like the disease, Homoe-opath'ic.

Ho-mo-ge'ne-ous [&k. liomos, same; geno-i, kmd], of the same kmd. Homogene'ity.

Ho-mol'o-gate [Gk. homos, the same, logos, a word, legein, to say], approve, confirm.

Hom'o-nym [G-k. homos, same, onoma, name], word of same sound as another but different meanmg,

Hone [O.E. Iian, a stone], whetstone. J^on'es-ty [I/, honestus, honest], uprightness,

smcenty; a plant. Hon'ey (0=3) [0 E, hunig], sweet sabstance

produced by be^ . Hon'ey^comb, wai cells made by bees, Hon'ey-moon, hohday after marnage. Hon'ey-sue-kle, chmbmg shrub. ^on-o-ra'n-um [L. honorHruis, honorary],

voluntary fee for professional service. -ETon'or-a-ry, conferred as an honour, serv­

ing Without pay. ^on 'om [O.E, honur; L. honor, honour],

gieat respect, nobility of mmd Hood [0 E. Jiddjf covermg for head or head

and shouldera.

Hoodman-blind 100 "BMSser-xwxs^er Hood'man-bliud, blind-man's buff. Hood'wink [Hood and Wink], blind by cover­

ing the eyes, deceiye. Hoof [O.E. hdfl, horny end or large nail on

the feet of some animals. Hook [O.E. Mc]j bent piece of metal, etc., for

catching. Hook'ah [Arab, hiiqqah^ hookah], long pipe so

arranged that tlie smoke passes through water.

Hoori-gan [from the Irish name Houlihan'], street rough. Hooriganism.

Hoop [O.E. Mp], circular band of wood, etc. Hoop' [F. houper^ imit.], call out "Hoop I "

shout. Hoot [M.E. liuten^ prob. imit.], owl-cry, shout

of contempt, Hop^ [O.E. hoppiaji], a leap on one foot;

jnoTe by leaps. Hop 2 [M.Du. ?toppej hop], climbing plant. Hope CO.E. hopa]y belief in future good;

expect good. Hop'per [see Hop^], grain-funnel in a iiilll, Horde (o) [Turk, orda, a camp ; Tatar, urdU,

a royal camp, a horde], wandering tribe, gang.

Hore'hound, Hoafhoiind [O.E. Mr^ hoar, hi'mef name of a plant], bitter herb.

Ho-ri'zon [Gk. JiorizOn^ fr. horos, a bound­ary], line formed by the apparent meet­ing of earth and sky.

Hor-i-zon'tal, parallel to the horizon, IcTel. Horn [O.E. hom], hard growth on the heads of

certain animals, musical wind instrument. Horn-blende' [C?er. hom^ horn, blenden, to

dazzle], dari green or black mineral. Hor'net [O.E, /iyrnrf(w)], large kind of wasp. Horn'pipe, lively air, dance. Ho-roro-gy [Gk. A5ra, an hour, logia-, dis­

course], science treating of the construc­tion of clocks, etc.

Hor'o-scope [Gk. Twra^ an hour, scopein, to observe], diagram showing the position of the planets at a particular moment, esp. the instant of a person's birth.

Hor'ri-hle, rousing horror, terrible. Hor'rid [L. horridus, horrSre^ to bristle, to

dread], fitted to rouse horror, offensive. Hor'ri-fy [L. Jwrror^ horror, facere, to make],

shock, (ill with horror. Hor'ror [L. horrere^ to bristle, to dread],

feeling of dread and detestation, Horse [O.E. hors]^ foiur-footed, hoofed animal

with mane and tail, Horae-chesS'nut, kind of tree and its fruit. Horse'man-ship, ai-t of riding. Horse'play, tude play. Horse'rad'ish, plant with a pungent root, Hor'ta-tive [L, hortari (p.p. hortaiiis), to

exhort], giving advice. Hor'tatory. Hor'ti-cid'turo [L. hortiis, a garden, cultura^

cultivation], gardening. [pipe. Hose [5=2] [O.E. hoi.0^^ stockings, flexible Ho'sier (s=z)y dealer in stockings, etc, Hos'pice (ce=ss) [L. hospes (hospit-is)^ a host],

shelter for travellerBj esp. one maintained by monks.

Hos'pi-ta-ble [IJ. hospes (hospit-is), a host and Able], Mnd to guests and strangers.

Hos'pi-tal [M.IJ. Jwspitale, place for guedts; bce Hospice], building for treating the feick.

Host (5) [L, hospes (hospitis), a host], one who entertains guests, innkeeper; fern. Host'ess.

Host (p) [O.F. host; L. hostis, an enemy], army, multitude.

Host (5) [L. hostia, a victim in a sacrifice], saci-amental bread (in the B.C. Church).

Hos'tage (tp ti. obses (phsid-is\ a hostage], person given as a pledge.

Hos'tel (^ [O.E hostel; M.L. Iiospitaley a place for guests], inn; residence for students, etc.

Hos'tUe (^ [L- hostis^ an enemy], warlike, opposed, unfi-iendly. Hostil'i^.

Hos'tl&St Ostler [see Hostel], horse-tender at an inn.

Hotch'potch [P. hochepot; hocher, to shake, and pot, pot], mingled mass, dish of varied ingredients.

Ho-tel' [O.F. hostel, iim of the better class. Hough [see Hock *]. Hound [O.E hund], dog, esp. for Iinnting;

urge on. ^our [L. and Gk. Jidra, an hour], twenty-

fourth part of a day, time of day. House [O.E. hlis, a house], building to live

in, family; (se=z) receive or place in a house.

House'hold, those who dwell in the same house. [rooms.

HousB'maid, servant who takes care of the House'wiie, manageress of affairs of a house;

(pron. huz^if), case for thin^ used in sewing.

Hov'el (0^6 or fi) [?], mean house. HoVei (0=5 or -il) [?], flutter over, hang

about. How'da/t [Pers. haudah; Arab, haudaj, a

litter], seat on an elephant's back. How-ev'er, in whatever way, in any cas-e. How-it'zer [Ger. haiibitze, fr. Boh. koupiice,

catapult], short gun for high angle firing of shells at low velocities.

Howl [M.E. houlen], cry as of a dog or wolf; utter such a cry.

Hoy [prob. M.Du. lioei, Jteude], smaU coasting vessel. [girl.

Ho/den, Hoi'flen [etym. dub.], rude, bold Hub [?], central cyltndrioal part of a wheel. Hub'bub [Ir. orig., cf. Gael, ubub^ a war cry],

great noise. Huek'a-back.[?], coarse figured linen. Hnck'stQE [cf. M.Du, hutkcT ; Low G. MJ^er,

huclster; M.Du./iwcA'eJi, to stoop], hawker. Hud'dle [?], crowd together, put confusedly. Hue [O.E. hiw']^ shade of colour. Hue [O.E, hu, a cry; hiier, to shout],

shouting (as in " hue and cry "). Hui! [imit. sound of blowing], puff, storm at,

bully; fit of petulance. Hug [?], close embrace; clasp closely. Huge [O.E, ahuge; etym. doubtful], very

largo. Hug'ger-mug'ger [? ], secrecy, confusion;

secret, confused.

Hulk 101 Hypochondria Hulk[O.B. huU, porh. fr. Gk. hoU-as, a towed

sliip], body of an old disused vessel, any­thing bulky.

Holk'ing [see Hulk], clumsy. Hull' [O.B. hulu, ooTer], outer covering,

hxisk; to remove hull, shell or'husk. Hull' [etym. dub., perh. Hulli], body of a

ship. Hul-Io', see Halloa. Hum [imit.], low sound as of bees; make a

sound as of bees, sing with closed mouth. Hu'man IL, humdnus, human; L. hoTno

homin-is\ a man], belon^g to or having the qualities of man.

Hu-mane' [see Human], kind. [ta'iian. Hu-man'i-ty, mankind, kindness. Humani-Hum'ble [L. liumns, the ground], lowly,

modest; to lower. Hum'bug [?], deceiver; impose on. Hum'druni, commonplace, tiresome. Hu'mer-al [L. humerus^ the shoulder], relat­

ing to the shoulder. [ity, Hu'n^d [L. humiduSf moist], moist. Humid'-Hu-mil'i-ate [see Humble], to humble, de­

press tho dignity of. Hmnilia'tion. Hu-mil'i-ty, lowliness of mind. flum'mook [?]. rounded Snoll. Hu'mout or J/u'moui [L. humor, moisture],

fluid of animal or plant, state of mind, caprice, playful fancy; gratify, indulge, Hu'morons.

Hump [Du. homp, a lump], protuberance, swelling.

Hunoli [?], Viump, ttiick piece. HoncWback. Hou'dred [O.E. !mnd, hundred-f-rerf= Goth.

-rath, number], number denoting ten times ten.

Hun'(lred-wei77it («=ai), weight of 112 lbs. Haa'ger lO.M. hungorl, craving for food;

have an eager desire. Huu'gry, Hunt [O.E. hunta, a hunter], a chase; to

chase, pursue. Hur'cUe [O.E. hfrdel], movable frame of

twigs or bars, Hurl [prob. imit.], throw with force. Hui-ia', Hur-ra/i-' [earlier huzza., imit. origin],

cry of joy or tritimph. [storm. Hur'ri-cane [Sp. and Carib. huracan\, violent Hor'ry [imit. origin; cf. diaL Swed. hurra,

to whirl], haste; make haste. Hurt [O.P. hurter, to dash against], a wound,

pain; to wound, to pain. [swiftly. Hur'tle [sea Hurt], strike (against), hurl Hus'bani (s~z] [O.E. hiXshonda, master of

house ; hiis, a house, ddnda, freeholder, fr. O.K. biia, to dwell], married man; manage frugally,

Hua'band-man, tiller of the ground. HusTianJ-ry, thrift. Hush [imit.], stillness ; make or be quiet. HuBk [?], outer covering as of fruits, etc. Hus'ky, hoarse, rough in tone. Hus'ky [prob. contraction of Eskimo],

Eskimo, Eskimo language, Eskimo dog. Hus-sar' is=iz) [Hung, hicszar, a freebooter,

later a light horseman: O.Serv. husar, a freebooter], light-cavalry trooper.

Hua'tings [O.IT. htisthing, a house-meeting], formerly a platform for the candidates at a parliamentary election.

Huff'ile [Du. husselen, freq. of IT.Du. hutsen, to shake], push or crowd, jostle.

Hut [E. hutte; Qer. hiltte, a hot, perh. allied to Hide 2], small house, poor cottage.

Hufoh [M.B. and E. huche; JI-L. hmica, a hutch], box or the like for K'bbits.

Huz-za' [imit.], shout of joy. Hy'a-cinth [earlier jacynw; Gk. Ryadnthos,

a youth killed by Apollo], bulbous plant with flowers in spikes, a precious stone.

Hy'brid [L. hibnda, hybrida, hybrid], off­spring of two species.

Hy-dran'gea (sea—ja) [Gk. hymr, water, aggos, a vessel], kind of shrub with flowers In large clustei-s.

Hy'drant [Gk. hyior, water], pipe to which hose can be attached foP dischargiag water.

Hy-drau'lios [Gk. hydCr, water, auUs, a pipe], branch of science which treats of fluids in motion.

Hy'dlO-gen [Gk. hydor, water, geimaein, to generate], elementary gas.

Hy-diog'raph-y [Gk. hydOr, water, graphia, description, fr. grapJiein, io write], geo­graphy of tile waters of the g:iobe.

Hy-drop'a-thy [Gk. hydsr, icater, pathos, endurance], water cure. Hyflropatli'ic.

Hy-dro-pho'bi-a [Gk. hydSr, i^ater, phobos, fear], dread of water, disease caused by tbe bite of a mad dog.

Hy'dio-plane [Gi. hydSr, waler; see Plane], aeroplane which can rest on and rise from water,

Hy-dro-stafic3 [Gk. hydSr, water; see Static], science which treats of fiiiids at rest,

Hy-e'na [L. hyaana; Gk. hyaina, hyena; Gk. hys, a pig], flesh-eating Quadruped.

Hy'gj'ene [Gi. Sygieia, the goddess of health, hygies, healthy], laws of health.

H/gi-en'ic, relating to health. Hy'me-ne'al [Gk. EymSn, the god of

marriage], relating to marriage. Hym» [Gk. hymnos, a song, a Hymn], song of

praise, esp. religious. Hym'nal^ collection of hymns. Hymnol'ogy. I^-per'bo-le [Gk. hyper, beyond, and

ballein, to throw], exaggeration. Hyper-borieal.

Hy-pei>-boi'ean [Gk. hyper, beyond, Boreas, north wind], (inhabitant) of the extreme north.

H/per-ctifio-al [Gk. hyper, beyond, and criticos, critical], over-critical.

Hyphen [Gk. hyphen, together; /typo, under, and hen, one], sign [-] of connection. Hyphena'ted.

Hyp'no-tism [Gk. hypnos, sleep], sleep-like state artificially produced. Hypnot'io,

Hyp-o-ofion'dri-a [Gk. hypo, under, and chondros, cartilage of tha breastbone], morbid depression without real cause, B^ochou'diiac,

Hypocrisy los Imbibe Hyp-oc'ri-sy [Gt- hypocrisis, lit. actint? a

parti; hijpo^ under, and. crineinj to decide], pretence of goodness.

Hyp'o-crite, pretender to goodness. Hy-po-der'mio [Glc Jij/po, under, derma, skinj^

introduced luider the skin, Hy-pot'eu-use [Gk. Jij/po, under, teindn, to

stretch], side of a right-angled triangle opposite the right angle.

Hsrp'o-thee [JJ. Jil/potheca; Glc hypothecs \ hypo, under, and iithe'iiai, io place], legal security over property of a debtor.

Ey-poth'e-sis (pi. Hypoth'eses) \Qtk. hypo, under, and iliesis, a placing], supposition, esp. 0S a basis for reasoning. [plant,

Hys'sop [G-k. hyssopos^ hyssop], aromatic ^s-te'ri-a,Hys-tet'ics(H?/5=fti55) [Gk. hys-

tericos, relating to hysteria, perh. fi-om hysteroSy latter, lower], disease in which. nervous control is lost. Hyster'ical.

I-am'bU3, I-ani& [Qk. iamhos^ an iamljio foot, a lampoon], poetic foot of two syllables (w - ).

I'bes: [iJ. ibex, an iber]. Mud. ol mid goat. I'bis [L, and Gk. ibis, an ibis], a large wading

bird. Ice [O.E. is], frozen water. I'cy, I'cily. lee'berg [Dn. ijs, ice, berg, a mountain], large

mass of ice in the sea. Ich-neu'mon (ch=k) [Gk. ichneumon; ich-

neiidn, to track], weasel-like animal that destroys crcxiodiles' eggs. [gods.

I'ehor (cA=^) [Crk, ichor, fluid in reins of I'ci-cle [O.E. is-gical, hcs gical; Is, ice,

gical, a small piece of ice], hanging mass of ice.

I'con [Gk. eicOn, an Imago], imftge, statue; in Eastern Ghnrch, painting or mosaic of salQt,

I-con'o-clast [Gk. elcon, an image, clasles, a breaker], an image-breaker.

I-de'a [Gk. idea, form, jdnd; idein, to see], notion.

I-de'al* mental, visionary, perfect; a mental conception regarded- as perfection.

I-de'al-ize, attribute ideal qnalifcits to. I-den'tic-:U, the rery same. I-den'ti-^, consider as the same, prove to be

the same, associate inseparably (with). I-den'ti-ty pCi. idem^ the same], state of being

the same. [becility. Id'i-0-ey [see Idiot], extreme mental im-Id'i-om [Gk. ididma, idiom, idios, one's own],

expres'iion peculiar to a language. Id-i-o-syn'cra-sy [Gk. idios, own, syn-, to­

gether, crasis, a blendiag], peculiarity. Id'i-ot [Gk. idiotSs, a private person, fr.

idios, own], one lackmg in common in­telligence, [idle.

I'dle [O.E. IdeV], useless, unemployed; be I'dol [Gk. eidMon, an image, eidos, form],

image of a god. Idol'afer.

I'dyll, I'dyl [Gk. eidijlUon, an idjd, ados, loun], short, poem describing simple, \'i '.uresquc, usu. rustic scene.

I-dyl'lic, belonging to idyls. Ig^ue-ous [li. ig7iiSy firo], produced by iJre. Ig-nite' [L. ignis, Are], sptoniire. Jg^ii'tioa. ig-no"ble [L. in- ~f), not, 7idbilis (Sfnohil'is),

noble], not noble, mean. Ig'no-mi-ny [L. in- (=?)» i^ot, griom&ii (old

form of io7nm), a name], disgrace. Igno-min'ioug.

Ig-nor-a'mus [IJ.=WC do not know], ignorant person.

Ig-nore' [Ii. ?ra-, not, and gnoscere ("old ioiTO of nosccre), to know], take no notice of.

n-, used for In- before Z, is a prefix of nega-tiou, as m Il-le'gal, D-le'gi-We, IWe-git'im-ate, H-lim'it-a-ble, Il-lo'gic-al.

Ulc [O.E, ?7ccE, same; Be, that ilk=tie same']-, the same. [injiu'v.

Ill [ C K tZ/A ill], bad, in bad healtli; harm, H-Ii'cit (?) [L. in-, not, licere (p.p. lidtus), to

be allowed], not allowed. n-lif er-ate [L. in-, not, literdtiis, able to

read, littera, a letter], ignorant o[ letters or books. Illif eracy.

Hl'ness, sickness. Il-Iog'ical [Il=h. 7n-, not, and Logic], con­

trary to logic or sound reasoning. H-ume', n-la'mine, n-Iu'min-ate [L. in, in,

lutnen iiimin-is), light], throw light on, li,'?ht up. Ulumina'tion.

U-Iu'sion \si=zh) [L. in, upon, IMere (p.p. lUsm), to play], false show, deception.

H-lu'sive, H-lu'so-ry, deceptive. H'lus-trate [L- in., upon, liiumre, to shine],

make clear by examples, adorn and make clear by pictures. Illiistra'tion.

H-lus'tri-ous, distinguished, famous. Im, used for In before 6, m, p, h a pre-

fe of negation in the foUowinij words: Im-ma-te'ri-al, Im-ma-ture', Im-meas'-u-ra-hle (s=2), tn-mo' bile, Im-mod'-er-ate, Ira-mod'est, Im-mor'al, Im-raor'-tal, Im-mu'ta-ble, Im-pal'pa-ble, Im-paftial iti~sh\ Im-pas'sa-hle, Im-pa'-tience, Im-pec'ca-ble, Im-pen'et-ra-Ue, Im-pen'i-tent, Im-per-cep'ti-ble, Im-per'-ffict, Im-per'ish-a-ble, Im-per'me-a-ble, Ira-per'so-nal, Im-per-turb'a-ble, Im-per'-vi-ons, Im-pi'et-y, Im'pi-ons, Im-plac'-a~l)Ie, Im-po-lite', Impol'i-tic, Im-pon'der-able, Im-pos'si-ble, Im'po-tent, Im-prac'tic-a-ble, Im-prob'able, Im-prop'er, Im-pro-pri'e-ty, Im-piov'i-dent, Im-pure'.

Im'age [L. i77iugo (ijjwgin-is'), an image], a likeness, statue, idol

lai'a'gin-a-ry, existhig only in fancy. Im-a'gi-na'tion, power of the mind to £orm

images or concepts. Im-a'ginc, form a mental image of. Im'bc-cils [L. imijecillus, feeble], feeble-

miaded; one who is feeble-minded. Iinbecii'ity.

Im-bed' [L. in, in, and Bed], lay as in a bed. Im-'bibs' [L. in, inj Jnbcre.^ to drinkj, drink

Imbroglio 103 Impressionism Im-'bidr/ho (io=yo) [It. imbrogho; in, lu,

broglv), a broilj, perpiesmg state of affaiis. Imbru'" ^O.F, embreincr, to moisten , L. in,

in, Jjfiffe, to drmk], soak, drench Im-buc [L. %n, m, blhere, to drmk], tinge

deeply, (lye, inspire (with) Im'i-tate \h. imituri (p.p. imitdtm)^ to

mutate], copy, follow as a model Im-mae'a-Iate fL. in-^ not, tnacula, a spot],

spotless, blameless. Im'ma-nent [L. «?i, m, manure (pr.p. manais,

eitis), to remain], inherent, mdwellm^, Im'manence.

Im-me'di-ato P I L ?«-, not, medidre (p p merfwiws), tobemthe imddle, L. mcdtm, the middle], -viithout delay, dose

Im-me-nio'n-al [L. 2? -, not, and Memonal], beyond memory, very ancient,

Im-mense' [L. ?«-, not, mettn (p p. W^-KJIW), to measure], immeasurable, vast, huge Immen sity,

Im-merse'[X i«.,in,mer?ere(pp incrsus\tQ pivmge], phmge mto a fluid, engage deeplj. Immer'sion.

Im'iai-grant [L. ?«, m, mtgrdre^ to wander], OUQ wiio comes into a countiy.

Xm'nu-nent [L. zw, on, imnere (pr.p. minem, -entis\ to project], about to happen, im­pending.

Im'mo-late [L. immolure (p p tmmoldtiis), to sprmkle with sacrificial meal, to sacrifice, in, on, inoZa, meal], to sacrifice. Inunola'--fion.

Im-inune' [L. z7i-, not, m«7tiM, serrice], free (from). Immun'ity.

Im-mure' [L. in, m, marits, a wall], imprison Imp [O.IJ. impa^ a graft], little devil, mis­

chievous child. Imp ish, Im'pact [see Impinge], forcible contact. Im-pair'' [L. ztnpejordre, to make worse, in

(mteusive), pejor, woree], make worse, mj ui e, weaken. [stake

Im-pale' [L. JM, on, pUlus, a stake], fix on a Im-part' [Li ««-, to, and pars (pari-i5), a

part], give, share. Im-pas se [P.], blmd alley, deadlock Im-pas'sioned [L m, m ; see Passion], full

of passion or feeling. [moved Im-pas sive [L in-, not; see Passive], un-Im-peach' [O.P. smpechier, to hinder; L. ?»,

on, pedica^ a fetter, pes (jped ^5),the foot], accuse (esp. of treason), call in question. Impeach'ment,

Jm'pe-cu'ni-ons [L. *w-, not, pecUntosus^ rich, pecuma^ money, pecu, cattlej, without money. [hmder.

Im-pede' Ih. tn, m, p^s (ped-js), the foot], Im-ped'i-ment, hmdrance Im-pel' [L. zn, on, pellere (p p pulsus), to

drive], dnve, urge-. Im-pend' [L. -m, on, pendere, to hang], hang

over, threaten, Im-per'a-tivc [L. tmpcrdre (sup, imperdtum)^

to command], commanding, obligatory. Im-pe'n-al [L. impenalis, imperial, tmpeni'm,

dominion], relatmg to an empire or an emperor, smtable to supreme authority.

Im-per ll [L. %n, m; see Peril], endanger, lQi-P8'n-<?ii3 [Xi. impenosiis, impczious, im-

peniim^ commaud], commanding, haughty. Im-per'son-ate IL tn, m; see Personate],

pietend to be, play the part of. Imper-sona'tion.

Im-pert m-ent [L. in-, not; see Pettment], not to the pomt, insolent.

Im-pet'u-ons i see Impetus], rusJimg with force, hasty. Impetuos ity.

Im'pe-tus [L. in, on, petcre, to seek], force of somethmg movmg.

Im-pinge' ff^=p) [L. impirujerc (p p impactus); in, on, pangere^ to f^fcen], to strike agamst, encroach upon, [deeply.

Im-plaut'C^. tn, m; see Plant], to plant, fi- Im'pJe-inent ftj, implere, to execute, ?7i, m,

plSre, to fill], tool; to fulfil, complete. Im'ph-cate [L, m, in, phcare (p p. phcCUns),

to fold], imply, entangle, involve. Im'ph-ca tion, somethmg imderstood though

not expressed, Im-ph'cit (i short) [L. tmpUcidis, old p.p. of

%mplicdre', see Iinphcate], imphed, com­plete, unquestioning. [entreat.

Im-plore' [If. in, on, plordre, to weep], beg, Im-ply* [L. -in-, m, and Ply], include by m-

ference, signify. Im'port, thmg imported, meanmg. Im-por(f [L. in, m, portare, to bring], bring

m from abroad, signify. Importa tion. Im-por'tant [L, tmpi>rtans (importaiitis),

pr.p. of zmporcdre; see Import], weightVt of consequence. [urgent.

Im-por'tu-nate [see Importune], tiresomely Im-potune' [L. importUnus^ troublesome,

orig. hard of access, from in-, not, and partus^ a harbour], uige repeatedly. Importun'ity.

rm-pose'(T=3)[JP.imposer,L vt^ on, F poser, to lay], lay (on), deceive.

Im-po'smg, impressive Im-po-si'tion, a laying on, a school punish­

ment, deception. Im'post (0) [L. imponcre (p.p. imposilus), to

impose], tax or duty. Im-pos'tor (^ fX. xTTvpositus, laid on], deceit or

pretender. Impos tore. Im-pound' [L. ^n, m; see Pound^], confine

in a pen, hold m the custody of a court Im-pov^er-ishCO.F.em (L %n),m; 0 F.poire,

(L. pauper), poor], make poor. Im-pre-ca'faon [Jj- ^'>h "ponj pjccdn (pp.

prccdtus), to pray], curse. Im-preg'na-blg [L. zn-, not, preJtendcre, to

seize], impossible of capture. Im-preg'nate [L. impregndre (pp. imprcg-

natiis), see Pregnant], infuse, imbue. Im-press' [L. impressare, freq of zrnpnmcre,

to press upon, %n, on, premerc, to prcas], press m or upon, fix m the nund, compel to enter public serv ice. [maik.

Im'presa, mark made by pressure, distmeti\ c Im-pres sion, stamp, effect, edition Im-pres sion-ism, fashion m painting or

viritrag that gives general elfect •without much uetad,

Impressive 104 Inception Im-pres3'ive, \ eighty (conduct), efiective. Im-pnm-a'tnr a=ai) [L.—let it be printed],

official sanction to print, stimp. Im-pnnt' [L. in, on; see Prmt], to stamp,

impress. Im'pnnt, impression, printer's or publisher's

name, witli date and place, etc, on a title-pago.

Im-pns'on (s=z) [L. m, m; see Pnson], put or keep in prison. Impns'onment.

Im-promp tu [P. impromptu; L m promptu, m readiness], offhand, unstudied.

Im-prove' (oie=oov) [A.R einproicer; em, m, and O.F. prou^ profit], make or become better,

Im-pro-yise' (5=2) [It. improt>izsSre, to improvise; L 2n-, not, pro, before, videre (p p 1-15U5), to see], compose, mvent, etc., on the spur of the moment. Impro-visa'tion.

Im'pu-dent [L. impudms i-entis), in-^ not, ptidcTG, to bo ashamed], bold and shame­less. Im'pudence.

Im-pugu' (pugn=pune) pj. tn-, against, pugnare, to fight], call m question. Im-pugn'ment.

Im'pulse [L' irnpulsus^ urged on], force com­municated, sudden feelmg. Impul'sive.

Im-pa'ni-ty [L zn-, not, "pama^ puiushmeut]^ freedom from harm or punishment.

Im-pn-ta'tion, charge, attnbution. Im-pute' [L. tn, m, putdTe (p.p. put&iits\ to

reckon], ascnbc. In- is a Latm prefls of negation which Is

used to form nouns and adjectives, when It means not^ absence of. Among these are: In-a-M'i-ty, In-ac-oes'si-He, In-ao'cu-ra-cy, In-ao'ou-rate, In-ao'ticn, In-ao'tive, In-ad'e-ana-oy, In-ad-mis'si-We, In-ad-vi sa-He, In-ap'pli-ca-We, In-ap'po-site. In-ap-pre'ci-a-He, In-ap-pro'pn-ate, In-apt i-tude, In-ai-tic'u-late, In-at-ten'-tion, In-at-ten tivc, In-au'di-lle, In-ans-pi'oioug, lu-cal'on-la-ble, In-ca'pa-blo, lu-ca-pa'01-ty, In-caa'tions, In-cer'ti-tude, In-ci-vil'i-ty, In-clem'ent, In-cog'm-zant, In-co-he'ient, In-oom-men'su-rate, In-com-mii'm-ca-We, In-com-mu'tarble, In-com'-pa-ra-We, In-com-pat'i-ble, In-com'pe-tent, lu-com-plete', In-com-pre-hen'si-ble, In-com-press i-ble, In-con-cetv'a-ble, In-con-clu'sive, In-con'gin-ons, In-con'se-anent, In-oon-sid'ei-a-ble, In-con-ad'er-afe, In-con-sist'ent, In-con-so'la-He, In-oon'so-nant, In-con-spic'u-ous, In-coc'stant, In-con-tesfa-Me.In-oon-tro-ver'ti-ble.In-oon-Te'ni-ent, In-con-vert'i-blo, In-cot-po're-al, Iii-co>reet', In-cor-rnpf i-ble, In-oted'i-blo, In-cred'n-lons, In-cai!>blei In-ca'ri-ona, In-de'cent, In-de-oi'sion (5=«), In-de-cli'-na-Me, In-fle-oo'rona or In-deo'o-rous, In-de-co'rtun, In-de-Sen'si-ble, Ic-flel'i-ble, In-de-pend'ent, In-ie-son'ba-tle, In-de-stinof i-ble, In-de-tei'mi-na-ble, In-di-reot', In-dis-oem'i-ble, In-dis-cieet', In-dis-cre'-tion iS), In-dis-onm'in-ate, fii-dis-pen'sa-M6, lo-iis'pa-ta-Me, In-dis'so-lTi-Ho ox

In-dis-sol'u-ble, In-dia-tmcf, In-dt-tin'-guish-a-blB, In-di-Tia'i-ble, In-ef-fio'tive, In-eWeo'ta-al, In-ei-a-oa'cious, In-efft-ca-cy, In-ef-fl'oient, In-el'e-gant, In-el'i-gi-ble, In-e-aual'i-ty, In-ea'ui-ta-Wo, In-c-tai'i-ca-We, In-ea'ti-ma-ble, In-ex-acf, In-ex-cu'ss-Ue, In-ex-ftausfi-He, In-ex-pe'di-ent, In-ei-pen'siTe, In-er-po'rs-enoD, In-ex-perf, In-ex'pi-a-ble, In-ex'pli-oa-We, In-ex-pres3 i-ble, fc-ex-press'irc, In-ex'tn-ca-ble, In-Ial'li-bIc In-fe-li'oi-tous, In'fi-nite, In-flex i-We, In-fonn'al, In-fro'ciuent, In-glo'ri-oos, In-grat'i-tude, In-har-mo'-m-ouo, In-li03'pi-ta'ble, In-im'i-ta-ble, In-3u-di'cions, In-jus'tioe, In-nox'ions, In-au'me>a-Wo, In-o'dor-oug, In-oHen'sive, In-op'er-a-tive, In-op'po>tiine', In-sa-lu'-bn-ou3, In-sal'u-ta-iy, In-sane', In-sau'i-ty, In-se-cuie', In-sen'si-ble, In-sep'a-ra-We, In-sin-cere', In-so-bn'e-ty, la-sol'u-ble, In-soI'Tent, In-suffer-a-ble, In-suf-fi'cient, In-snp-potf a-We, In-sur-mounf a-He, In-tan'gi-We, In-tem'pei-ance, In-tem'pci^ato, In-tore>a-bIe, In-tol'er-ant, In-tract'a-We, In-tran'ai-fiTe, In-n-ta'i-ty, In'val-iil, In-val'id (not valid), In-va'n-a-We, In-ver'te-brate, In-ris'i-We (•'=«), In-vol'un-ta-ry, In-vm'ner-a-ble.

In-ad-verfent [L. in-, not, and obs, B . adtertent; see Advert], unintentional

In-al'ien-a-ble al=ail) [L. m , not, seo Allen], that cannot be transferred.

In-ane' [L. inUma, empty, vam], empty, without intelligence. [lifeless.

In-an'i-mate [L. m-, not; see Animate], In-an-i'tion [see Inane], exhaustion from

lick of food. In-an'i-ty, mental emptmesg. In-as-mueh' [orig. three words], since. In-au'gu-rate [L. t«, m, and Augui], cause

to begm with ceremony, introduce. In bom [li. m, m, and Born, p.p. of Bear],

unplanted by nature. lu'ca [Peniv. incal^ ancient Peruvian

monarch, one of Peruvian royal race. In-can-des'cent [L. tncandescere (pr p. incan-

descens, -enUs), to glow ; candere, to glow, to be white], white or glowing with heat.

In-can-ta'tion [L m, in, upon, cantdrc, freq. of canere^ to sing], form of words for enchantment.

In-ca-pa'ci-tate [Xi. J«-, not, capax, able to hold, capere^ to hold], disable, make unfit.

In-car'cer-ate [L. tn, m, career^ a prison], imprison. Eicarcera'tion.

In-cM'nate [L. t», m, caro (cam-ts), flesh], embodied in flesh. Inoama'tion.

In-cen'di-a-ry [L incendtum, a conflagration], fire-raiser.

In-C6ns8' [L. incendere (pp. tncensus), to set on fire], enlrmdle, enrage.

In'censo [L. tncensum, that which is burnt], perfume from burning spices 01 gums.

In-cen'tive [L, incentiius, stnlong up a tunc, in, in, and canere^ to smg], motive, spur.

In-OBP'fion [L. mapere (pp. mcepius), to Cegm; m, upon, capere, toliold],begmmng.

Incessant 105 Indomitable In-css'sant [L. iji-j not, cess&re (pr.p.

cessans, -an/w), to cease, freq. of cedere^ to yield], unceasing, without stop.

In'cesk [L. incestusy fr. in, not, cosfuj, pure], sexual intercourse between near Madred. In-cea'taous.

Inch (ch'-sh) [L. unda, a twelfth], measure of length, twelfth part of a foot.

Inch [Gael, innis^ an island], island. fil'cho-ate (ch^k) [L. inchodre, (p.p. in-

choGlus\ to begin], just begun, undc-yeloped.

]ii'ci-dent [L. inddere (pr.p. inddens, -entis)i to fall upon; rra, on, cadere, to fall], naturally attaching (to), liable to happen; event, occurrence.

In-ci-dent'al, coming without design. In-cin'er-ate [L. in, in, dnis (dner-is), ashes],

bum to ashes. Incin'erator. In-cip'i-ent [L. vid^iens l-entis), pr.p. of

indpere; see Inception], beginning to be. In-ci'sion isi=zli) [L. inddere (p.p. incisics),

to cut into; in, in, ccedere, to cut], a cut into.

In-ci'sive (s=z)y cutting, sharp. In-ci'sor (5=2), front cutting tooth, In-cite' [L. m, in, dtare, to rouse], rouse. In-cline' [L. tn, in, clinare, to bend], slope,

bend, be disposed to. Inclina'tion. In'cline, In-cline', a slope. In-olose', En-close' [O.P. enclore (p.p.

endos\ L. indudere (p.p. indUsus); in, in, daudere, to shut], shut in. Inclos'ure,

In-clude' [L. indMere, to shuir in], contain, comprise.

Ih-clu'sive (5=^), taking in all within the stated limit. Inclu'sion.

In-cog'ni-to [It. incognito, unknown; L. in-, not, cognitus, known], in disguise, under an assumed name.

In'come [In and Come], revenue, salary, annual receipts.

In-com-mode' [L. in, not, comnwdus, iit], give inconvenience to.

In-con-gm'it-y [L. in-, not, congruus, suit­able], inharmonious mixture.

In-eor'po-rate [JJ. i'^, in, corpus (corpor-is), the body], embodied ; unite in one body.

In-cor'ri-gi-ble pj. in-, not, corrigere, to correct], not capable of being corrected.

In-crease' [L. iM, in, crescere, to grow], grow or make larger.

In'crease, enlaj^ement, addition, [increase. In'cre-ment [L. incrSmenimn, an increase], In-crim'i-nate [iT.L. incrimindre (p.p. ZTI-

criminalus); see Crime], charge with crime, involve in accusation. Incrim'ina-tory.

In-erus-ta'tion [L, in, in, critsta, a crust], hard coating on or in.

In-ou-ba'tion [L. m, on, cw6i5re(6up. cu65(Mm), to lie], a sitting on (eggs) for hafccliiag.

In'eu-ba-tor, apiaaratus for hatching. In'eu-bus [L.L. incubits, a nightmare; L. in,

on, and cubSre, to lie], oppressive burden. In'eiri-cate, In-cul'cato [L. inciikdre (p.p. «i-

culcdlus), to inculcate; in, in, and calcdre,

to tread], urge on the mind, teach. In-culca'tion.

In-cul'pate [L. in, in, and culp5,re, (p.p. culpdius), to blame], show to be in fault.

In-cum'bent [L. inaiTnbere (pr.p. incximhens, 'cntis), to rest on; in, on, and cumbere, to lie], lying, resting; holder of a church living. Incum'bency,

lu-cui' [L. in, in, currere (sup. czirswm), to run], become liable or subject to (p.p. Incurred),

In-cnr'sion, inroad. In-debt'ed [O.F. endette (p.p. of endcttcr) ; L.

in, in ; see Deht], under obligation, owing. In-deed', truly, in fact, In-de-fat'i-ga-hle [L. in-, not, de, from,

fatigare, to tire], tireless. In-de-fea'si-ble [L. in- not, (Ze, from; see

Feasible], not to be made void. In-dem'ni-ft? [L. indemnis, unharmed; in-,

not, and damnum, loss, facere, to make], make compensation,

In-dem'm-ty, security, compensation. Di-denf [L. in, in, (?e?w ((/«i^w), a tooth],

to notch, press in. luflenta'tion. In-den'ture [see Indent], deed, containing a

mutual agreement. In'dex [Li index (pi, i7idices); in, in, to,

dicare (p.p. dicdtus), to declare], that which points out, reference-table in a book, the figure denoting the power of a quantity (in this sense pL In'di-ces).

In'di-a-rab'ber, elastic gum. In'di-cate [see Index], poiut out, show. In-dict (ict=ite) [in, in, dzcere (p.p. dictus),

to say], accuse. In-dicf ment (ict=ite), formal accusation. In-dif fep-ent [Ij. in, not, differens, dilEereufc],

unconcerned, not very good. Indii'ference, In-di'gen-oua [O.L, iriduj within, gcnicus,

born], native, In'di-gent [L. indigere (pr.p. indigcns,

-entis), to be in want; in, in, egere^ to need], needy, poor. In'digence.

In-di-gest'ion [L. in-, not, digestio, digestion], failure of the proper changes which food should undergo in the body.

In-dig'nant [L. indignari (pr.p. indignans, 'antis), to deem unworthy j in-, not, and dignus, worthy], wrathful.

In-dig'ni-ty [iJ, in-, not, dignus, worthy], insult, slight.

In'di-go [Sp. indico; L. indicum, neut. of Indictis, Indian], deep blue; blue dyestuff,

fii-dis-Bo-si'tion [IJ. in-, not, dispositio, a setting in order], disinclination, illness.

In-dite' [L. indictSre, to point out], com­pose, write.

In-di-yid'u-al [1*. in, in, and dtviduus, divisible], single, characteristic; person.

In-doc'tri-nate [L, in, in, doctrlna, doctrine], to instruct in the principles of.

In'do-lent [Late L. indolms (-entis)', in, not, doUre, to grieve], inactive, lazy. In'-dolence,

In-dom'i-tffr-ble [L, in-, not, domixdtre, to subdue], that cannot be subdued*

Indorse 106 Ingrratiate In-dorse' [see Endoree], write on the back of,

sanctiOD-In-du'bi-ta-ble [L. in-, not, dubUabilis^ cloubt-

Iiil; sec Doubt], that cannot be doubted. In-duce' [L. in, in, ducere (p.p. ductusy to

leadj, lead on by persuasion, bring on. In-duce'meut, motive. In-duc'tion, introduction, inference from

the known to the unknown, electric or magnetic eltect of one body on. another.

In-due', En-duc' [L. induere, to put on clothra], clothe, supply with.

In-dulge' [L. indulgtre, to indulge; origin unlmownj, give free course to, humour,

In-dul'gent, yielding, forbearing. In'du-rate [L. in^ in, durus, hard], harden. In-dus'tri-al, pertaining to manufacture, etc. In-dus'tri-ous, regularly occupied, busy. In'dus-try [L. industrial etym. doubtful],

diligence, manufacture, trade. In-eTiri-ate [L. i«, in, ebriuSy drunken],

drunken; drunkard; make drunk. In-ebri'ety,

In-effa-ble [L. in-, not (ef- = ex, out), far% to speak], imspeakable.

In-ept' [L. in-, not, aptus, fife], unfit, foolisb. In-ept'it-ude. [sluggish.

In-ert' [L. in-, not, ars (art-is), sMll], inactive, In-er'ti-a (t=sh) [sec Inert], want of energy,

lilelessness. In-ev'it-a-ble [L. ire-, not, evitare, to avoid],

unavoidable. In-ex'o-ra-ble [L. in-, not, exorabilis, that

can be moved by entreaty; ex, out, greatly, and orare, to pray], unyielding.

In-es-pug^na-ble [L. in-, not, expugtidre, to storm], incapable of being taken.

In'fa-mous, of very bad report, base. In'fa-my iC in-, not,/an(a, fame], disgrace. In'fan-cy, earliest period of liuman life. la'fant [Ii. in-, not, fdri (pr.p. fans, fantis),

to speak], young babe; (in Englfeh. law) a person under 21 years of age.

In-fan'te, prince^ In-fan'ta [see Infant], princess, in Spain and Portugal.

la-fan'ti-cide [L. infam, infant, ccedcre, to kill], murder of an infant.

In'lan-tile, In'fan-tine, childish. In'$au-tiy [It. infanteria, infantry, infante,

youth, foot-soldier; see Infant], foot soldiers.

In-faf u-ate U-'- i", in, fatuus, foolish], make foolish. Infatua'tion.

In-fect' [L. inficere 0).p. infectus), to infect; in, in, faccrc^ to make], to taint, com­municate, esp. disease, Infec'tion.

In-fer' [L. in, in, ferrc, to bring], conclude from facts.

In'fer-ence, that which is inferred. In-fe'ri-or [L. inferior, comp. of infeniSy

low], lower in place, value, etc. In-fer'nal [L. infemiis, extended from infcnis,

low, nether], relating to the lower regious. In-fest' \L. infcstus, hostile], to frequent and

annoy. [unbeliever. In'fi,-del [L. in, not, fidelis^ faithful], an In-fi-^el'i-ty, unbelief, treachery.

In-fll'trate [L. in, in; F. fdtrer, to strain through], filter into or through.

In'fln-ite [L. in-, not, flmtvs, finished], end­less. Infin'itude. fsmall.

In-fin-i-tes'i-mal [dim. of Infinite], very In-fin-i-tivc iL, in-, not, flnUus^ bounded],

not limited "by person or number. In-fin'i-ty, unlimited by time or space. In-fiim' [L. in-y not, finmiSy strong], not

firm or^ouud, weak. In-lirm'a-ry fM-iJ. infirmCiria], hospital. Di-firm'i-ty, weakness, <Usease. In-fiame' [L. inflammure (p.p. infiammdttis),

to inflame; in, in, Jlamma, a flame], set on fire, grow hot.

In-flam'ma-ble, easily kindled. In-flam-ma'tion, a swelling with redness, heat,

and pain, In-flam'ma-to-ry, relating to inilammation,

fitted to Irindle. In-flate' [L. in, in, fidre (p.p. flatus), to

blow], swell with air or gas. Infia'tion. In-fleet' [L. in, in, flectere, to bend], to bend;

modulate (as the voice); vary (as a noun or verb). Inflec'tion.

In-flict' [3J. in, in, Jiigcre (p.p. fiictus), to dash], cause to bear.

In-flic'tion, act of inflicting, that which is inflicted (as punishment, etc.).

In-flo-res'cence [XJ. infloresccre (pr.p. in-fioresccns), come into flower; in, ia, flos iflor-is), a flower], a flowering.

In'nu-ence [L. influere (pr.p. influens, -ends), to flow into; in, into, Jiuere, to flow], power to afEect, effect of such power; affect.

In-flu-en'tial(^i=5''0» possessing influence. In-flu-en'za [lb, inflns7iza; doublet of

Influence], epidemic catarrh. In'flux [L. in, in, fluere (sup. fiiixum), to

flow], a flowing in. In-form' [L. inform&re (p.p. informdtus); in,

into, forma, form], give life to, make known to.

In-form'ant, one who gives information. In-for-ma'tion, communicated knowledge.

Infonn'ative. In-frac'tion [L, in, in, frangere (p.p. fractus),

to break], act of breaking, breach. In-fringe' [L. infnngere; in, into, frangere, to

break], break, encroacli. Ii^ringe'ment. lu-fu'ri-ate [L. in, in, furidre (p.p. fundtus),

to madden; furia, rage], enrage. In-fuse' [L. in, in, funderc (p.p. fusus), to

pour], pour iUjinstfl. Lifu'sion. In-ge'ni-ous [L. ingenium, cleverness], skil­

ful, inventive, tagenu'ity. In-gen'u-ou3 [L. ingenuus, in-born; in^ in,

gaiitus^ born], frank, artless, noble. Ingen'uouaness.

In'got [O.K. in, in, and ^o^en, poured; gc6lan, to pour], mass of metal cast-in a mould.

In-grain' [orig. two words], work into texture, stain.

In'grate [L. in-, not, grdtus, pleasing], ungrateful; ungrateful peison.

In-gra'ti-ate (t=sh) [L. in^ in, grStia, favour], bring into or gain favour.

Ingredient 10? Insipid In-gre'di-ent [L. in, in, ffi-adi, to go], part of

a mixture. [entrance. In'gresa [h. ingredi (p.p. ingressus^^to enter], In-hah'it-ant [L. inhabitare (pr.p. inhabUans^

-antU), to dwell in; in, in, and habitdre, to dwell], dweller in.

la-ha-la'tion Csee Inhale], act of inhaling; that which is inhaled.

In-hale' [L. tn, in, hdldre (p.p. Mldtns), to breathejj breathe or draw into the lungs.

In-he'ient [L. inhcerSre (pr.p. inhterens, -eiitis), to stick in; in^ in, and iKsrere^ to stick], naturally pertaining to, inborn.

In-her'it pj . in, in, heres, an heir], take as Iieir. [descent.

In-hertt-anee, poss^on which passes by In-hib'it [L. inhibSre (p.p. inhibitus), to

inhibit; m^ in, habere^ to have], dieck, forbid. Inhibi'tion.

In-hu'man [L. in-, not, humdnus, human], cruel. In-hu-man'ity.

In-hume' [L. in, in, humusy the i ground], bury, [unfriendly.

In-jm'i-cal [L. i«-, not, amicus, a friend], In-iqi'm-ty [L. w-, not, a'^^j/j, just, equal],

wickedness, injustice. In-i'ti-al (ti=sh) [L. inUium, a beginning; in,

in, and ?re (p.p. ^tus), to go], beginning; first letter of a name.

In-i'fi-afe (ti=sh), set afoot, acquaint with the begmnings; one who has been ad­mitted into some society or instructed in some secret knowledge.

In-i-ti-a'tion (ti=sh)^ introduction, [mode of entrance.

Itt-i'ti-a-tive (ti=sh), introductory step. In-ject' [L. injicere (p.p. injectus), to inject;

in, into, and jacere, to throw], throw in, force in. Injec'tion.

In-june'tion [-L. injwigere (p.p. injunctus), to enjoin; see Enjoin]; a command, urgent advice, legal order. <[

In'jure [see Injury], to hurt. Injurious. In'ju-ry [L. injuria; in-, not, andjSs (jUr-is),

right, law], damage, hurt. Ink [O.F. enque ; Late L. encaustum, purple-

red ink; G-k. egcaustos, burnt in'; en, in, caiein, to burn], black or coloured liuid for writing.

Ink'ling [?], slight notion, hint. In'land, away from the sea, not foreign. In-lay*, lay within, insert. In'let, entrance, bay. In'mate, one who dwells with others in a

house, etc. In'most [O.B. innemest, double superl. of inne,

in], furthest from the outside. Inn [O.E. inn, in (adv.); O.N. nme, inni],

lodging-house for travellers. In-nate', In'nate [L. in, in, natvs, p.p. of nasci,

to be bom], inborn. In'ner [O.E. innera, compar. of iVmr], lying

more -within, spiritual. In-ner'vate (L. in, in, net^vus, nerve], to

supply with nerve-force, stimulate. ' In'nings [from In], one side's, or one player's,

turn at the bat (cricket).

In'no-cent [L. in~, not, nocere (pr.p. noceJis, -entis), to hurt], harmless, guiltless. In'-nocence.

In-noc'u-ous [L. tn-, not, noctitts, harmful], harmless. Innoc'uousiiess.

In'no-vate [L. innov&re (p.p. innovdius), to make new; i7i, in, TIOVUS, new], intro­duce something new. Innova'tion.

In-nu-en'do [L. innuendo, by intimating; in, at, and nuere^ to liod], indirect hint (usually injurious).

In-oc'u-late [L. in, in, oculits, an eye, a bud], communicate mild form of disease as a safeguard by inserting infectious matter in the blood. Inocula'tion.

In-or'di-nate [L. in~, not, ordindtus, ordered], escessive.

In-Ogan'ic, without the organs or oi^anized structure peculiar to living beings, not found in organized bodies.

In'quest [O.F. enquiste, fr. L. inquirerc, in­quire], legal inquiry.

InHiuire'_, En-quire' [L. inqulrere (p.p. inquisUus), to inquire; in, in, qiiccrere, to seek], ask, (with iiHo) to examine. Inauir'y,

lu-qui-si'tion [L. inqmsrtiis, inquired; see Inquest], search, examination.

, In-^iuis'i-tive (3=2) jX. i7iqui3itus, inquired], inquiring, prying.

In-quis-i-to'ri-aJ, searcliing and unfriendly. In'road, invasion. In-san'it-ary [L. in, not, and Sanitary], hurt­

ful to health, In-sa'tia-ble, In-sa'ti-ate (ti=s?i) [L. in-, not,

satiure, to satiate], incapable of being satisfied,

In-3Cribe' [L. in, in, scribere (p.p. scriptus), to write], write or engrave, draw a figure within another, enroll. [dedication.

In-scrip'tion, something wiitten or engraved, In-scrn'ta-ble [L. zV, not, scrutdri, to search],

unsearchable, incomprehensible. In'sect [L. in, into, secdre (p.p. seclus), to

cut], small animal with body almost divided into three.

In-SBG-tiv'o-rous [L. insectum, insect; vordrd, t-o devour], insect-eating.

In-sen'sate [L. in-, not. sensits, feGlingJ, lack­ing sense, stupid, unfeeling.

In-serf [L. in, in, and serere (p.p. scrtiis\ to join], set within, put in. Inser'tion.

In-set*, to insert. In'set, sometliing extra inserted. In-aid'i-ons [L. insidere, to lie in wait; in, in,

and sedere, to sit], lying in wait, stealthy. In'sight, power of seeing deeply into. In-sig'ni-a [L. insignia, neut. pi. of insignis,

remarkable; in, upon, signum, a mark], marks of office, etc.

In-sig-niE'i-cant [L. tn-, not; see Significant], unimportant, small,

In-3in'u-ate [L. in, in, sinus, a bend], intro­duce subtly, hint indirectly.

In-sip'id [L. in-, not, sapidus, of a good taste], tasteless, uninteresting. In-sipid'ity,

Insist 108 Interject In-sist' [L. in, on, sisiere, to set, to stand],

take a stand, urge persistently. Insis'-ience.

In'so-lenfc [L. in-, not, solere (pr.p. soUns^ -miis\ to be accustomed], overbearing, impudent, In'solence.

In-soin'ni-a [L. in-, not, somn-us, sleep],

la-Bpecf (X. inspicere (p.p. inspectiis), to inspect; in, into, and specs^re, to look], look into, examine officially. Inspec'tion,

In-spiie' [L, in, into, spirare, to breathe], breathe in or into, influence with a feeling, idea, etc, Inspira'tion,

In-spir'it, encourage, In-spis'sate, In'spis-sate [L. inspissare (p.p. - inspissatus); in, in, and spissus^ thick]^

thicken. In-stab-i'li-ty [L. in, not, stabilis, stable],

want of firmness. In-stall' (aU=aicV) [L. in^ in, siallum, a stall],

place, invest •with office. In-stal-la'tion, act of installing. In-stal'ment, installation, part payment. In'stance [see Instant], urgency, case,

e:ra.mple. In'stancy. la'stant X. instdre (pr.p. instans, ^antis),

to be at hand; in, in, stare, to stand], im­mediate ; moment; of the present month,

In-stan-ta'ne-ous, done in an instant. In-stead', in place (of). In'step [?], arched portion of a human foot. lu'sti-gate p j . instigdre (p.p. instigdtus\ to

goad on], urge, set on. Lstiga'tion. In-stil' [L. in, in, stillare, to drop], pour in,

Impart gradually. Instil'ment. In'stinct \ti. instinguere (p.p. instincius), to

goad on; in, on, siinguere, to prick], natural inward impulse.

In-stinct', urged from within, alive, In'sti-tute (X. tnstUuere (p.p. iiistitntus); in,

in, statuere, to place], set up, begin; institution, principle,

In-sti-tu'tion, foundation, fixed custom, established society, building occupied by such a society,

lu-strucf [L. in, in, struere (p.p. structus), to build], teach, inform. Insbuc'tion.

In'stru-ment [L. instrumentum; as Instruct], tool, contrivance, agent. Instrmnent'al.

Iu-suT)-or'iU-nate [L. inr, not; see Sut-ordinate], disobedient, Insubordina'tion.

'ti'sn-lar [X. insula, an island], pertaining to an island, narrow. Insular'ity,

In'su-late [L. insula, an island], place in a detached situation, prevent passage oi heat or electricity from. Insula'tor.

In-sulf pj . insxdtare, freq. of insilire, to leap upon; in, on, saXire, to leap], treat v/ith contempt, abuse.

In'sult, allront, indignity. In-su'per-a-fcle tL. vi-, not, superdre, to over­

come; super, over], that cannot be over­come.

In-su'rance (s=sK) [O.P. en, in, sellr, sure], secm-ing against loss, sum for which life or property is insured.

In-sur'gent [L. in, on, surgere (p.p. siirrccfus), to rise], rebel.

In-sur-reo'tioa [see Insurgent], a rising against authority.

In-tact' [L. in, in, tangere (p.p. tactus), to touch], entire, unimpaired.

In'te-ger (X. integer, whole; ia-^ not, itin^ere, to touch], whole mrmber.

In'te-gral, whole, nec^sary to complete­ness.

In-teg'ri-ty, entlreness, uprightness, In-teg'u-ment [X. in, in, icgere, to cover], a

covering, esp. the skin. In'tel-lect [L. inter, between, Jegere (p.p. leciiis),

to choose], capacity for higher knowledge, power of thought. Intellec'tuaL

In-tel'li-genc0 [IJ. intelligere, to choose between], understanding, notice, news.

In-tel'Ii-gi-ble, capable of being understood. In-tend' [X. in, in, tendere (p.p. tentus or

tensus), to stretch], to purpose, mean, In-tense' [L. intensus, stretched out], strained,

close, erti-eme In. degree, Inten'sive. In-ten'si-fy (X. intensits, stretched out,

facere, to make], make more intense. In-tenf, In-ten'tion, purpose, meaning. In-tsnf, bent, fixed clcEoly. In-ter' X. in, In, terra, the earth], bury. In-ter-act' [L. tTiier, between, actus, done],

act upon each other, Li'tsr-act, short dramatic piece between

others, time between acts of a play. lu-ter'ca-late [L. inter, among, calure (p.p.

caldtus), to proclaim], insert among othere. Intercala'tion.

In-ter-cede' [X. inter, between, ccdere (p.p. cessus), to go], go between, plead (for).

In-ter-cepf [I;, tnterdpere (p.p. interceptus'); inter^ between, capcre, to take], seize by the way, hinder. Intercep'-tion.

In-toces'sion, act of interceding, prayer. In-te>change' [L. inter, bet\^'een; O.F,

changier, to change], exchange, alternate. In'ter-ohange (noun), Iu-ter-com-inu-iii-ca''tion [L. inter, between,

commUnicdtus, communicated], mutual communication.

In'ter-couKQ [L. inter, between, cursus, a running], commerce, fellowship.

In-ter-dict'f forbid. In'tcr-dict IX. inter, between, dicere (p.p. dictus), to say], prohibition, esp, in Scots law and B.O. Church. Inteidic'tion.

In'ter-est [L. interest=it matters; inter, between, and est, 3rd pcre. sing. pros. indie, of esse, to be], engage attention, concern, advantage, profit on a loan.

In-ter-fe'rence [L. inter, between, fenrc, to strike], clashing, •meddling.

In'ter-im [L. inter, between, suf. -im], mean­time; temporary.

In-te'ri-or [L. comp. of interns, within; inter, between], inside, inland part of a country.

In-ter-jecf [X. interjicere (p.p. intcrjeci^is), to interject; inter, between, ja^ere, to throw], throw in between, esp. words. Inter-ieo'tion.

Interlace 109 Intrude In-ter-lace' [L. inter, between; O.F. las, a

noose, snare], unite as by lacing together. In-tei-lard' [L. inter, between, lardvm, lard],

introduce between, mix. In-te>leave' [L. inter, between; O.B. Uaf,

a leaf], insert (blank) leaves in a book. In-ter-Iine' [L. inter, between, llnea, a line],

•wTite between written lines. Interlin'ear. In-ter-loc'u-tor [L. inter, between, Idgui (p.p.

locutus)^ to speak], questioner, ouo who takes part in a dialogue, (Scots law) decree which is not final.

lu-ter-lo'per [L. inter^ between j Du. looper, a runner], intruder. \

In'ter-lude []J. inter^ between, Indus,- a play], entertainment or interval between acts or between plays, short passage played between the verses of a hymn, time between of a different character. ,

In-fer-mar'ry [L. inter, between ; see Marry], give and take in marriage between families, tribes, etc. Intermar'riage.

In-ter-me'di-ate [L. inter, between, medim, the middle], between two extremes. Interme'tliary.

In-ter'inent, burial. la-ter-mez'zo (zz=dz) [It.],'short movement

connecting main divisions of large musical work, short performance between acts of drama or opera.

In-ter'mi-na-ble [L. "i-, not, Jind Terminate], endless.

In-ter-min'gle pj. inter, between; see Hingle], mix together.

In-ter-mis'sion [L. inter^ between, mittere (p.p. missus), to send], pause.

lu-ter-mit'tent, ceasing at intervals. In-tern' [see Internal], to confine to one

locality. In-ter'nal [L. intemus, inward], inward,

interior. In-ter-na'tion-al [L. inter, between; see

National], between or among nations. In-ter-ne'cine (ne=nee^ [L. inter, between,

necdre, to kill], mutually destructive. In-ter-peHate [L. inter, between, pellere, to

drive], to interrupt order of day by de-m.ani&ig explanation (in French parlia-, ment).

In-ter^po-late [L. inierpolare (p.p. inter-poluius); 'inter, betv/een, and folarc, conn, with poltre, to polish], insert new or foreign matter.

In-ter-pose' (s=z) [L. inter, between,'and F. poser, to put], insert (between), step in between, mediate. '

In-ter'pret PJ. inter, between, and root corresp. to Skr. pratli^ to spread abroad], explain, translate. Eaterpreta'tion, Inter'-preter.

lE-ter-reg'niim [L. inter, between, regnum, a reign], time between reigns.

In-ter'to-gate [L. inter, between, rogare (p.p. Togatus), to ask], question.

In-ter-rupt' IX. inter^ between, rumpere (p.p. TUptus), to break], break into or between, stop for a time. Intemip'tion.

In-ter-secf [L. iiUer., between, secdre^ to cut], cross.

la-ter-sperse' [L. interspergere (p.p. inter' spersus), to intersperse; inter, between, and spargere, to scatter], set here and there among.

In-ter-stel'lar pj. inter, between, stella, a star], between the stars.

In-ter'stice (icc=^iss) [lj.inter, between, sistere, to stand], narrow chink. Intersti'tial.

In-ter-fwine' [L. inter, between; see TvTine], twine or twist together,

lu'ter-val tL, intervalhtm, lit. space between rampart and the soldiers' tents*, inter^ between, and vallum, a rampart], time or space between, difference of pitch be­tween two sounds in music.

fc-ter-vene' (X. inter, between, venire, to come], come in between, occur in the meanwhile. Interven'tion.

In'te>V('ew [L. inter, between; see View], formal meeting, conference; have an interview. In'terviewer,

In-tes'tate [L. in, not, and testdtns, p.p. of testari, to make a will], without a will.

la-tes'tine [L. inius, within], internal; (with s, n.pl.), lower part of alimentary canal. Intes'tinal or Intesti'iial.

In'H-niate [L. intimns, super], of /?2/wj, within], familiar, near; to state. In'timacy.

lu-tim'i-date [L. in, in, timidus^ timid], make timid or fearful. Intimida'tion.

lu'ton-ate, In-tone' [L. in tonum. In tone], recite in a singing voice, chant. Intona'-tion, chanting, modulation of the voice.

In-tox'i"Cate [M.Ii. in, in, toxicum, poison; G-k. toxicon, poison for arrows; tozon, a bow], make drunk, excite greatly.

In-tracPa-We [L. in-, not; see Tractable], not docile, refractory.

In-tia-mu'i^ [L. intra, within, mums, a wall], within the walls.

In-trans'i-gent [L. in-, not, transigere Cpr.p. transigens, -entis), to transact; see Tians-act], uncompromising. Intrans'igence,

l&i-trench' fL. in, in, and Trench], surround with a trench.

In-trep'id CL. in-, not, trepUus, alarmed], fearless, bold. Intiepid'ity,

In'tri-cate LL. intricare (p.p. intricatzis), to perplex; in, in, tricce, hindrances], en­tangled, hard to follow, In'tricacy.

lu-trigue (inrtree^) [as Intricate], to plot; a secret plot,

In-trin'sic [L. intrinsecm, intrinsic; intra, within, and secus, following], inward, essential, real.

lu-tio-duce' [L. intra-, within, ducere (p.p. diictiis), to lead], lead or bring In, put in, begin, cause to bo acquainted, bitio-duc'tion.

In-tro-spec'tion [L. intro-, within, specere, to look], looking into one's own mind. Introspecfive.

In-trade' fL. in, into, and trUdere (p.p. trusus), to thrust], thrust oneself in, encroach. IntEu'aion,

Intuition no Isobar In-tu-i'tion [L. intueri (p.p. inluitm), to look

upon; ta, on> and tueri, to watcbj, direct perception, flask of insight,

In-tu'i-tive, Icnowing without reasoning. In'un-date [L. i^^ on, unda^ a wave], over­

flow, flood. Inunda'tion. In-ure', Enure [F. e?i» in ; O.F. eure, P.

ceuv^re, work], to accustom, harden. la-vade' [L. i«, into, vadere (p.p. lusus), to

6o]) go iiij Gsp. in a hostfle waj'. In'val-id [L. IK-, not, validus, strong], weak

and ill; one who is weak and ill; treat fis an invalid.

In-val'id, not valid. See Valid. fi^-val'i-date, render of no efllecfc. In-val'u-a-ble, priceless, of inestimable worth. In-va'sion (s=z), forcible entrance, [words. In-vec'tivc [see Inveigh], abusive; abuse in In-veig'A.' (ei~ai) [L, ?n, in, vehere (p.p.

veetiisjy to carry], to rafl, criticise harshly. Ll-vei'gle iei=ce or ai) [P. avetigler, to blind ;

Late L. ahoculiis, blind; ai, away, and oculuSy an eye], lead astray as if blind, entice, entrap. Inveigle'ment,

In-vent' [L. m, upon, venire (sup. «eHf am), to come], contrive, originate. Inven'tiou.

Ifa'ven-to-ry [see Invent], list of goods with their worth.

In'verse [L. inversiis, p.p. of invertere, to turn], turned upside down, opposite in effect.

In-vert' [L. fn, on, vertere., to turn], turn upside down, rcvei-so position of. Inver'-sion.

lu-vesf [L, 2n, on, vesVire, to clothe], clothe, besiege, lay out money in business to obtain profit or interest. Invesf ment.

In-ves'ti-gate [L. in, in, vestigare, to track], search into. Investiga'tion.

In-vesfi-tnre [see Invest], ceremony of clothing or robing, putting in possession (of an office).

In-vesf ment, act of besieging, laying out of money for profit, money invested.

In-vet'er-ate [L. 'tn^ in, vetus (veter-is), old], deep-rooted, liabitual. Invet'eracy.

In-vid'i-ous [L. imidia, envy; in, on, and videre^ to see], likely to produce ill-wfll.

In-vig'or-ate [h. an, in, mgor^ vigour], strengthen, fill with new life.

In-vin'ci-Me [L. m-, not^viiicere, to conquer], unconquerable. Invineibil'ity.

In-vi'o-la-ble PJ. in-, not, violare, to violate], not capable of being broken, sacred.

In-vi'o-late [L. in-, not; see Violate], imin-jured, unbroken.

In-vite' [F. invitcr; L. invitdre, to invite], bid, ask to an entertainment, etc.

In-vo-ca'tion [see Invoke]» act of invoking, prayer.

lu'voice [O.P. envoy, a sending ; seo Envoy], written account of goods sent with prices; send such an account.

In-voke' [ L, in, on, vocdre (p.p. vocdtus), to call], call on for aid, summon,

In-vo-ln'tion [see Involve], complication, process of raising a quantity to any power.

In-volvfi' [IJ. in, in, and rolverc (i>.p. lolutus), to roll], complicate, imply.

In'ward [O.E. iiinanweaTd\, placed within, towards the inside.

I'o-dine(i'?ifi=tKe or «) [Gk. iodSs, violet-like; ion, a violet, and eidos, fonn], clement obtained from ashes o£ seaweed and natural brines.

I-o'ta [Cxk. iota, letter corresponding to i] , smallest Greek letter, particle.

Ip-e-cac-u-an'/ia [Port. ipecacvanJia; Braz. ipekaoffiu-ne, 111. small plant causing sick­ness], medicine obtained from a root.

Ir-, used for In- before r, is a prefix oE nega­tion in the following words: I>ra'-tion-al, It-re-con-ei'la-ble, Ic-re-duc'i-Me, Ir-re'frag-ar-ble, Ir-re-fu'tarble (or Ir-ief-u-ta-ble), Ir-reg^u-lar, Ir-rel'e-vant, Ir-re-li'gioug, Ir-re-me'di-a-We, Ir-rep'ax-arble, Ir-re-presa'i-ble, Ir-re-proach'a-ble, Ir-re^ist'i-ble, Ir-rea'o-lute, Ir-re-spec'tive, Ir-re-spon'si-ble, Ir-re-triev'a-ble, Ir-re?'-er-ent, Ic-re-vers'i-ble.

I-ras'ci-ble (c=s) [L. irasci (p.p. iratus), to grow angry; im, anger], easfly made angry,

I-rate' [L. ira, anger], angry, Ire [L. tra^ anger], anger. Ir-i-dea'cent ,c=s) [see Iris], having colours

hke the rainbow, Irides'cence. I'ris [Gk. iris (iridos), the rainbow], the

coloured part of the eye, fiag-flowcr. !&k'some some=suni) [iI.E. irkm^ etym.

dub.], wearisome and vexatious. I'ron [O.E. iren\, metal, flat smoothing

utensil made of iron, various tools and implements made of iron, (pi,) chains; smooth with a flatiron.

I-ron'ic-al [see Irony], expressive of or given to irony. [ware.

I'ron-mon'ger (mong==mung), dealer in hard-I'ron-y [Gk. eiron, a di^embler], speech

which conveys a meaning opposite to that of tho words.

Ir-ra'di-ate [L. in, on, and Radiate], shed rays of light on. Irradia'tion.

Ir-rev'o-ca-ble [L. in-, not; see Revoke], that cannot be recalled.

Ir'ri-gate [L. w, in, HgaTe (p.p. rigdtus), to wet], to water. Irriga'tion,

Ir'ri-ta-ble, easily made angry. Ir'ri-tate [L. irritare (p.p. irritdlus), perh. fr.

irnre, to snarl], provoke, inflame. Ir-rup'tion [L. in, in, rumpere (p.p. Tuptus),

to break], a bursting in. I'sin-glasa (s=z) [M. Du. huyzenhlas, fr.

huys, sturgeon, and bUese, bladder], kind of gelatin obtained from certain fishes.

Is'land [O.E. iglarul, an island, ig later confused with O.F. isle], piece of land, smaller than a continent, surrounded by water, [island.

Isle [O.F. isle; L. insula, an island], an Is'let [P. islette, dim. of isle'], smaU island. I'so-bar [Gk. isos, equal, haros, weight], line

on a map connecting places of equal bai'O-metric pressure.

Isolate 111 Jeresniad I'so-Iate [It. isolato, detached; Uola, an

island], place alone, detach, j^ola'tion. I-S03'cel*8S [Grk. isos^ equal, scelos, a leg],

(of a triangle) having two sides equal. I'so-fiierm l&k. isos, equal, tha-mos^ heatj,

line on a map connecting places' with the same temperature.

Is'sue [O.F. issue^ fern, of WSM, p.p. of issir, to go out; L. ea:, out, \re, to goj, a going or sending out, that which is sent' out, o2-spring, result; go out, result.

Isf/i'mus [Gk. isthnoSf an isthmus], a con­necting neck of land. '•

I-tal'ica [L. Italicus; Gfc. Ttalicos, Italian], letters in slant type. Ital'icize- i

Itch [0.!E. giccan to itch], irritation in the skin, disease of the skin ; feel an itch.

X'tem fl/. iism, likewise], article, | separate particular, entry in an account.

It'er-ate (L. iterare, fr. iterum, again], repeat. Iteia'tion.

I-tin'er-ant [L. iter (itbier^is), a journey], wandering, not settled. i

I-tin'er-a-ry, account of roads and routes, plan of travel.

Tvo-iy [X. ebur (ehor-is)y ivory], substance of an elephant's tusk.

I'vy [O.E. iftg'], evergreen climbing plant.

Jab'ber [prob. imit.], talk quickly and indis­tinctly. '

Ja'cinth (a=a or=a!.) [G-k. hyacinthos^ a jacinth, a hyacinth], Mud of gem.

Jat'ki [perh. fr. F. Jacques, James, perh. connected with John], contrivance for turning a spife, a contnvance for raising a weight.

Jack 2 [perh. fr. name JacJc]^ ship's flag, esp. one flown from bow of sinp.

Jack'al -awl) [Turk, chakal; Pers. shaghal, a jackal], wild animal of the dog kind.

Jack'a-napes [Jaek^ and Ape], pert fellow. Jack'daw [Jack ^ and Daw], i3nd\ of small

crow. Jack'et [0.'^. jaqitdte, dim. of jaque, a coat of

mail], short coat. ' Jac-o-1) e'an [L. Jacob us, James], of the

reign of James I. Jae'o-bite, adherent of James II , after his

abdication, or of his son. Jade^ [Span, j/'ada, the flank, piedra de j/oda^

stone of the side (because it is said to cure a pain in the side)], an ornamental stone.

Jade 2 [?], poor horse, (contemptuously for) a woman. >'

Ja'ded [fr. Jade 2], worn out with work. Jag [?], notch. Ja'guar (j-gwar or -guar) [Braz. yagoar,

American animal like a leopard^^ Jail [see Gaol], prison. Jal'ap [Mex. fr. Jcdapa or Xalapa, in

Mesicoj, medicine made from a Kexican plant. I

Jam [perh. fr. JamhJ) a crush; to crush; i fruit boiled with sugar (perhaps in sense O of crusliing or bruising).

Jamb [F. jambe; Folk L. gamba^ a leg], side-post ot a door, firepia<3e, etc.

Jan'gle [O.'F.jangler; imit.], sound harshly ; discordant sound.

Jan'i-tor [L. jantia, a door], doorkeeper, keeper of a building.

Jan'u-ar-y [L. Januarivs (moisis), (month) of Janus, guardian of doors and gates, a god represented i^ith faces on front and back of head], fii-st month of the year (Rom. eleventh).

Ja-pan' [fr. Japan, the country], coat with hard brilliant varaish.

Jar [F, Jarre; Arab, jarrah, a jar], an earthenware vessel.

Jar [O.B. georraUj to creak; imit.], harsh sound; to sound harshly, to quarrel.

Jar'gon [O.F. garjon^ jargon, twittering of birds. Etym. doubtful], unintelligible talk, cant language.

Jar-go-neUe' [F. jargonelle, land of pear; jargon, a yellow diamond], early ripening variety of pear,

Jas'minc, Jeff*sarmine [Arab. yasa)invv; Pers. yasmin, jasmine], climbing shrub.

Jas'per [L. and Gk. iaspis, jasper], opaque quartz, usually red, yellow or brown.

Jaun'dice (au=aw or a, ice=iss) [F. jau7ie; L. galbtts, yellow], disease in which the skin, etc., become yellow.

Jaunt (au=an> or a) [?], short excursion; make such an excursion.

Jaun'ty (au=:aw or a) [earlier janty, var. of jantyl, old spelling of gentle; F gentill, ^vt.y and easy, airy.

Javelin [F. javeline, a javelin, perh. of Celtic origin], light spear.

Jaw [M.F. jowe, perh. from earlier choise, bone in which the teeth are fixed.

Jay [O.F. jay, perh. fr. O.H.Q-. gdH, quick], crested bird of the crow family, given to chattering. [envious.

Jeal'ous^tl'' zeliis, zeal], zealous, suspicious, Jean [perh. fr. M.L. Janua, G enoa], twilled

cotton cloth. Jeer [?], mock, to scoff; bitter jest. Je-hb'vafe (orig. Jahveh or Yahweh), Ilebrew

name for God, the Almighty. Je-june' [L. jejunus, fasting], scanty, un­

satisfying to the mind. Jel'ly [L. geldre, to freeze], meat or juice of

fruit boiled to a gelatinous condition. Jem'my [fam. form of /ames], short crowbar. Jen'net [Sp. ginete, a nag, orig. a light horse­

man], small Spanish horse. Jeu'ny [fam, form of Janef], machine for

spinning. Jeop'ard-y [O.F. jeu parti; Late L, jocus

partitus, a divided game], danger. Jer-bo'a [Arab, yarbn, flesh of loins, jerboa],

small rodent, animal of African deserte, with long hind legs.

Jer-e-mi'ad [F. Jeremiade, fr. JeremiaJQ^ lamentation, ^ -

Jerk 112 Jumble Jerk [perh. imit.], give a quick pull or twist;

short pull or spring. Jerk [Peruv, ckarqui, elice of dried beef],

cure (beef) by slicing and drying in sun. Jes'Mn [?], close-fitting jacket for men (16th

and 17th centuri^). [(building). Jer'iy tperh. from Jeremiah, unsubstantial Jess [O.F, ges, a short thong, fr. L. jacere

(p.p.jndMs), to throw, cast], strap round a hawk's leg.

Jer'sey (s=^z) [fr. Jersey^ one of the Channel Islands], kind of knitted jacket.

Jest CO.F. geste, a romance; L. gerere (p.p. gestus), to carry on], a joke; to joke, sport.

Jes'u-it [Mod. L. Jesuita, fr. Society of Jesiis], member of Society of Jesus founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1533.

Jes-U-it'ic-^j dissembling, equivocating. Jes'uitism.

Jet i [Gk. gagates, jet, fr. Gagas, a town in Asia Minor], black fossil wood.

Jet 2 [F, Jeter; L. jacidrej freq. of jacere, to throw], a spouting; to spurt in streams.

Jeti'sam or Jet'son [A.F. gettcson, a casting; L. jactare, to throw ; see Jet 2], cargo thrown overboard to lighten a ship.

Jefti-son [as Jetsam], throw overboard lo lighten a ship.

Jef [O.F. jetee; see Jet 2], small pier. Jew'el [O.F.Joe?, jewel; perh. conn. w.L.L.

jocdlia, jewels; L. jocari, to play], precious stone, ornament containing gems.

Jew'el-lei-y, Jew'el-ry, jewels collectively. Jib [origin uncertain, perh. from Dan. gibbe,

to shift a sail from side to side], triangular sail from foremast to bowsprit,

Jig [origin imcertain, perh. from O.F. gigue; M.H.Q-. gige, a fiddle], lively dance.

Jilt [formerly jillet, dim. of jiU, a flirt. Fr. name Jill], cast ofE a lover; one who jilts.

Jin, Jinn [Arab, jinn, demons; pi. of jinnl], genius or demon.

Jin'gle [imit.], sound with a sharp tinMe; sharp rattle or tinkle.

Jin'gO [fr. conjurer's gibberish], blustering patriot, so-called from a music-hall ditty (" by jingo ").

Jiu-iit'sa, Ju-jut'su [Jap.], Japanese art of wrestling.

Job [?], piece of work, corrupt dealing ; do chance work, deal in stocks. [rider.

Jook'ey [fr. Jock, So. for Jack, prof^sional JO"C03S* (s=£ ) [L. jocus, a jest], given to

jokes, merr?-. J(Mj'u-lar [L. joculus, dim. of jocus, a jest],

joking, given to jokes. Jocular'ity, Joc'und (p or d) \li.jocundus, pleasant], merry. Jog [?]) move by small jerte, push with the

elbow; a shake, push. Join [O.F. joindre; L. jungere (p.p. junctus),

to join], put or come together. Joinder [see Join], one who makes dooi-s,

windows, etc. Joint [|0.F. joint, p.p. of joindre, to join], a

joimng, hinge, large piece of meat for roasting; shared.

Joiafure, property settled on a wife to bo hers after her husband dies.

Joist [O.F. giste, a bed, a joist; L. jacere, to He], timber to which floor-boards or ceiling-laths are fastened.

Joke [L. joms, a jest], something witty or sportive; banter, jest.

Jol'ly [origia uncertain, perh. from O.N. jol, a great feast], full of life and mirth.

Jol'ly-boat [origin uncertain, perh. from Port, gaZeota; O.F. galiote, a small galley], ship's boat of medium size,

Jolt (5) [?], shake with jerks, Jong [Tibetan], fortified Tibetan camp. Jon'quil [F, joiiquille; Sp. junquillo, a

jonquil; L, juncus, a rush], bulb and its flower. [Chinese idol.

Jo33 [perh. Port, deos; L. dais, a god], Jos'ne [freq. form of M.E. jousten, to tfit],

push out of the way, to elbow. Jot [G-k. iota, the letter i], very small quantity,

whit; to note hastily. Jour'nal [P. journal; L. diumalis, dally],

diary, magaziue. Jour'ney [F. jovmde, orig. a day's work],

travel some distance; distance travelled in a given time.

Jour'ney-man, one who has learned a trade. Joust (pu—ii or oo) [O.F. jouster, to tilt;

h. juxta, near], thting match. Jo'vi-al [L. jovialis, pertaining to Jupiter,

Jupiter (^Jov-isy], jolly, gleeful. Jovia'lity, Jowl [O.E. ceafi, jaw], cheek, jaw. Joy [O.F. 30ie,joye\ li.gaudium, joy], glad-

ne^, delight. Ju'bi-lant [L. j-ubildre (pr.p. jubitans, mantis'),

to rejoice; jUMlum, a shout of joy], triumphant, rejoicing. Ju'bUation.

Ju'bi-Iee [Heb. yobel, orig. ram, hence ram's horn, used as trumpet to proclaim the jubilee year], general joy, fiftieth anni-yersaiy,

Judge [li. judex (jMic-is), a judge], one who decides ; decide, pass sentence.

Judg'ment, Judge'ment, decision, award, intelligence.

Ju'di-carture [see Judge], courts of justice, fudges collectively, administration of 3iistice.

Ju-di'eial (d=s7i), pertaining to courts of justice, imparfcial.

Ju-di'cious, having sound judgment, wise. Jng [?], earthenware vessel; cook in a jug

or jar placed in boiling water. Jug'gle [O.F, jogler, to juggle; L. joculari,

to jest], play tricks by sleight of hand. Jug'n-lar [L. jugulum, the coUar-bone, dim.

oijugum, a yoke], pertaining to the throat. Juice [L. jus, broth, j uice], sap of fruit and

vegetables, fluid of meat. Jui'cy. Ju'jube (Gk. sisy pAora med. L. jwja&a; F.

jujube'], berry of a plant, gelatinous sweet. Ju'ly[O.F. Jw^e; L, Julius (men^is\(;moxiVii)

of Julius, named after Oaius Jidijls Cfesar], Seventh month of the year (Bom. fifth).

Jma'ble [freq. form of Jump], to mix up; collection without order, a mix up,

Jump 113 KiU Jump [peril, imit.], to spring, leap ; a leap. Jump'er [?j, loose outer iackot worn by

sailors, Idad of loose blouse, Junc'tion [I,, junctiis, joiacd], joining, point

of union. Jnnc'tuie [L. jxmctus, joined], joining line or

point, crisis. June [F. 2^in\ L. Jxmius^ sixth montU of

the year (Horn, fourth). Jun'gle [EX-nA. angal^ waste land], thicket; of

trees, weeds, etc. Ju'cior [L.jjiimor, comp. oljuvenis, young],

younger, lower in position. Juniority, Ju'ni-per [L. jUniperus, jtmiperj, eyergreen

shrub or tree. [vessel, Junk [Port, junco; Malay adjong], a Chinese Junk [?], hard salt beef, old rope cut in pieces. Jun'ker (yoongher) [Ger, jwn^, young, Herr^

gentleman], young Prussian noble, Jun'ket [It. giuncata, a cream-cheese served

on rushes; L. juncm, a rush], dish of cui'dled milk, feast.

Jun'ta, Jun'to[Sp.jMn/o ; L.ji/nciits, united], secret council, faction.

Ju-rid'ic-al [L, j ' ^ (j'iiT-is)^ law, dicdre, to pi"oclaim], legal.

Jn-riSrdic'tion [Ii. jUs (jilr~i3\ law, dictus, said], power to make, declare, or apply the jaw.

Ju-ris-prii'dence [L. jUs (jur-is), law, prudens, prudent; prOvidCre, to foresee], principles of law. [law.

Ju'rist [L. jus (jilr-is), law], one versed in Ju'ror, Ju'ry-man, member of a jury. Ju'ry 0-1. jiirdre, to swear], body of citizens

sworn to consider evidence submitted to them, and to give a verdict.

Jur'y-mast [?], temporaiy mast in place of broken one.

Just [L. Justus, right (adj.)) j'il^> right (n.)], fail-, upright; exactly, by a small space of time,

Jusfice ice=iss), fairness, law, a judge. Jus-ti'ci-a-ry (c=sh\ administrator of justice. Jiis'ti-£y [L. Justus^ just, facere, to make],

prove to be iust, clear from blame, defend as being right. Justifica'tion,

Jut [var. of Jets;], shoot out, project. Ju've-nile [L. jiivenis^ young], youthful;

young person, Juvenil'ity, Jux-ta-po-si'tion [L. juxtay near; see

Position], nearness in place.

K Kai'ser (s=e) [Ger. Kaiser, ult. fr. L. C<esar],

emperor (esp. of Germany). Kale, or Kail [Korthem form of CoU; L.

canlis, a stem, a cabbage], kind of cabbage. Ea-Iei'do-scope [Gk. Italos, beautiful; eidos,

form, scopein, to see], tube witli a slufting arrangenieufc of coloured pieces of giass.

Kan-ga-roo' [peril. Australian], Australian leaping, pouched animal. [Africa.

Kar-roo' [of Hottentot orig.], tableland in

Kau'ri (au=ow) [Maori word], New Zealand 1/ pine. [canoe, IN

K i / a i (a3/=«) [Eslrimo word], light Arotio Kedge [?], drag a ship forward by help of a

small anchor called a tedge-anchor. EeS'ger-ee [Hind, khichri, dish of flsh, rice,

eggs, etc, Keel [O.N. IcjUr; Dan. Icjtl; Swed. hsl, a

keel], bottom timber or combination of iron jlates of a ship from stem to stern.

Keen[O.E.cftie;cf.Ger.i-iM»],sharp,cutling. Keep [ijate O.B. cipan, of unlmown origin],

hold, preserye; support, maintenance, strongest part of a castle.

Keej'er, one who has custody of, ring which keeps another on the finger.

Keep'sake, gift kept for the sake of someone. Keg [earUer cag. Of. O.N. Icaggi; Swed. and

Norw. lagge, a keg], small cask. Kelp [f], large seaweeds burnt lor their

ashes, the ashes. [knowledge, Ken [O.E. cemian, to know], range of sight or Ken'nel [P- cltenil, a kennel; L, cania, a

dog], house for dogs, a pack of hounds. Een'uel [earlier camiel, fr, O.I', mriel,

channel], gutter, Kerh'stone, same as Curb'stone. Ker'ohieJ [0.]?. couirecMef, covrir, to cover,

c/iej, the head], square of cloth for wearing. Kern, Kerne [Ir. ceitjiem], light-armed Irish

foot soldier of olden times. Ket'nel [O.E. cymel, dim. of com, a grata],

contents of a nut-shell. [leum. Kefo-sene [Gk. i&os, wax], purified petro-Ker'sey-meio [corruption of Gassimere, var.

of Cashmere], tlion twilled woollen cloth. Kes'ttel [O-F. cresserelle, a keatreL Etym.

doubtful], small hawk. Ketch'np [perh.fr. Chin. Me-cMap or M-tsiap,

brine of pickled fish], kind oj sauce. Ket'tle [ 1 . catillus, a small bowl], metal

vessel for boiling water, etc. Key [O.B, cd'g, look-opener, a book ot

solutions, one of the levers by which some stringed instruments are played, scale in which a piece is written.

Key'board, set of keys in organ, piano, etc. Ke/stone, top stone of an arch. KAa'ki [Urdu (Pers.) Mak, dust], yellowish-

brown cloth. K7iEim'sin [Arah. khamsun, fifty], hot wind

for about fifty days in Jiarcli, April, and May,

KAan [Peis, Jchan, a lord, a prince], eastern sovereign or nobleman.

K/ie-dive' (i=€e) [Peis. JtAediu, a great prince], viceroy ot Egypt.

Kicfe [?], strike out with the foot; blow with the foot.

Kick'shaws [P. quelque chos., something], fancy dish.

Kid [Dan. and Swed. kid; O.N. kilh, a kid], young goat.

Ed'nap [Kid and obs. nap (Jfab), to seize], steal (a himian being). [abdomen.

Kid'ney [?], one of two large glands iu tha KiU [?], destroy animate bodies,

Kiln 114 Labour KilTt [h. cuHna, a kitchen], large sLove or

oven. ffil'o, short for Kil 'o-gram tGk. khiliol, B.

thousand, gramma^ a weight], 1000 grams. Kil 'o-me'tre (or- ter) [Gk. kkilioi, a thousand,

tnetroHf a measure], 1000 metres. Kilt [Dan. l-ilte, t o tnck up] , plaited skirt

ivorn by Scottish 'B.ighlanaers ; tack up. Kira-o'no [Jap . ] , Japanese robe with loose

sleeves. [man. Kin [O.E. cyn(7i)], relatives. Kin'sMp, Kins ' -Kind ( 0 [O.E. c/cci/nde], ready to do good;

race, nature , sort. Kind'er-gai ' ten i) [Ger. kindergaTtcn, child­

ren's garden], Icind of school for infants, Kin'ille (•O [O.N". k]/7ida, to Inflame, fcymliU,

a torch], set on Gie, light, ffind'ly CO. kind, helpful, mild. Kin'i^ed ( 0 [O.E. cyn(yi\ kin, rcedenj condi­

t ion] , relatives, relationship. Kine [O.E. cu, a cow], cows. Kin-e-mat'ics [O-k. kinema, motion], science

of motion without reference to force. Kin-et'ic3 [Ok. kinStilcos (adj.), kinein^ to

move], science of the relations between force and the motions of bodies.

King [O.E. cynint/, king, same root as Kin], ruler of an independent s tate .

King'dom, country ruled, by a king or queen. King fish-er, fish-catching bird. Kink [Swed,, Norw., and Du. kink^ twist in

a rope. Ki-osl^ (4) pCurk. Jcii$hk\ small pavilion. Kip'per [orig. uncertain], name given to male

salmon a t spawning t ime, fish (esp. herring) split open, salted, and dried or smoked.

Kir'tle [O.E. cyrtely perh. fr. X. curtiis'], sldrt, man ' s tunic or long coat, woman's gown.

Kiss [O.E. coss; of. Ger. knss'], salute with the l i p s ; a salute with the lips.

Kit [M.Du. h'tte, a t ub , a wooden bowl], kind of tub , outfit.

Kit 'chen [L, coqulna, a kitchen, coqiiere, to cook], cookroom.

Kite [ 0 . E , c/Jfa], bird of the falcon family, toy f01 flying.

Kith [O.E. cph, fr. ciith, known], kindred. Ki th and Kin, friends and relations.

Kit ' ten [O.E. chitoun^ obs. var. of F. chaCon, fr. chat, L. eatiis, cat, a ki t ten] , young cat .

Klep-to-ma'ni-a [Gk. kle^tes^ a thief, mania^ madness], mania for theft.

Kloof [R. Air. Butch] , a mountain cleft. -^nack [?], aptness a t doing something. -K! nap [Du. kJiappcrif t o snap, to crack, to

e a t ; imi t . j , strike smar t ly ; sharp blow. JiTnap'sack, soldier's travelling-case- [rogue. /iTnave [O.E. cnafa; cf. Ger. knabe, a boy], JiTnead need) [O.E. ctieda-ii], work (dough)

into a mass with the knuckles. 7^nee [O.E. cneoio, cneo; Du. and Ger. kmc;

cf. L. gcmi\y joint below the tlugh. X n e e l [i^I.E. anedlen; O.E. cn&owUan, fr.

cnioiD, knee], rest on the knees. isTnell [O.E. anjll (n,), cnyllan (vb . ) ; cf.

M.H.G. trlnnelhTi, sound of a funeral bel l ; toll as a bell.

iCnick'er-bock-ers I Knickerbocker, pen-name of Washington Irving], kind of short breeches.

ifnick'Aiiatk [redupl. of knack, ha obs. sense of " t r inket " ] , trifle, toy.

-STnife [f^ate O.E. cnif; Eu . knijf; Ger. ^Tje//"], instrument with a cutting blade.

-ATnight [O.E. cni/il, a boy, a servant], for­merly one raised to a certain military rank, now one who has t he ti t le of " S i r " (non-hereditaiy); t o create a knight. Knighfhood.

?Cnit [O.E. cnyttan, fr. cnotta, a knot] , tie, foirm. a fabric by looping.

Knob [equivalent t o M.L.G-. Icnohbe, knob, knot, e t c . ; ¥1. knolbe (n,), lumjj], lump, ornament or handle like a proiecting lump.

Jirnoc;k [Late O.E. cnocian ; c t O^. knoka; prob. imit .] , s t i i ko ; a rap.

iCnock'er, kind of hammer on a door. i fnol l (o) [O.E. cnoU, hil l- top; cf. Du. knol,

clod, ball], mound, small hill. JsTnoU (o) [var. of A'neU], to toll. Knot [O.E. cnoita; Du. knot, a tie, knob,

group, nautical mile (6080 ft-), central par t oE a difiiculty.

Jvnot'ty, full of knots, difllculfc. iCnout [Russ. knuty a whip], scourge formerly

used in Russia. i^noW [O.E. ((je)cndwan.; L . and Gk. gno;

com. Tent, and Aryan], be aware of, perceive.

iCuotyredge (<0 [M.E. knaiilage], iliat which is or may be known.

Knuc 'kle [iT.E. A'rio^fi; lil.Tya. knokel; perh. dim. of M.Du. knoke, a bone], finger-joinfc, knee-ioint of a quadruped; (with down) yield.

Ko'dak [a t rade name], kind of hand camera, Ko'peck, Co'peck [Uus. kopeika, a kopeck],

small Russian coin. Ko-ran' [Arab, quran, recitation], Jlohani-

meilan Scriptm'es. Ko'sher [Heb. kasher^ r ight] , (food, etc.)

fulfllliug requirements of Jewish law. Koa'miss (pu=oo) [Tartar kumiz, fermented

marc's milk. Kraal aa~ah) [Du. kraal, an Af. vUlage;

Port , curral^ an enclosure], S. iUrican village, hufc.

Ku'dos [Gk.], slang word for glory, renown. Kvass [Russ. kvas, Russian rye-beer.

Laa'gei (aa=ah) [3 . Af. Du.], S. African camp. La'hel [O.F, ?a6e/, lambel; e tym, doubtful],

written slip of paper, etc., attached to something. [lips.

La'bi-al, [E. labium, a Up], pertaiuing to the Lab'or-a-to-ry [L. labor (labor-is), toil],

worki-oom of a scientific worker, esp. chemist.

La'bour [U labor (labor-is), toll], work, toi l ; to toil. "Labor'ioua.

Laburnum 116 Lappet La-biir'num pj. Iabumu7n]y tree vnth. yellow

blossoms. IjaVy-rinth IGK labyrinthos, a maze], series

of -n-lnding passages. Labyrin'thine. Lac^ [Hind, l^kk; Skr. lukshd, lac], coloured

resio. [(rupees). Lac2 [Hind. Zdkh; Skr. toX-sfta], 100,000 Lace tO«P. ?fl ) ^ ; 1J. laqzieus, a noose, a

snare], cord for fastening (boots, etc.), open-work fabric of lin© tlu'eads; fafifcen with a lace.

Iifl'cer-ate Ih. lacerare (p,p- laceratus% to lacerate, lacer, torn], to tear, mangle, harrow, ' [tears.

tacft-'ry-mal pj . lacnma^ a tear], of or for Iiac/t'ry-iHOse (s=z) jX. lacrmat a tear],

tearful. ', [want. Lack [Early H-B.^^J jy,L.Q-. Tai-J, want; to Lack-a-dais'ic-al [Archaic, lackaday^ fr,

AlachJI, languishing, affected, ,lac]dng energy,

Lack'ey, lao'qiiey [3?- laquaia\ etym. doubtful], footman.

La-con'ic, La-con'ic-al [Gk. Lacdn, a Spar­tan], saying much in. few words.

Lac'qifer (cq^k) [F.lacre, sealing-was; Port. tocca, gmnlac], varnish containing lac,

Liv-crosse' [P. to, the, crosse, a hoolied stick], N. American game like hockey, but in which the ball is driven and caught with a long-handled racket called a crosse.

Lae'te-^ [L. lac (lact-is\ milk], pertaining to or like milk.

Lsc'tio [L. toe (lad-is), milk], pertaining to milk. Iiactiferous.

Lae-un'a (pi. -£e or -as) [L. lacits, lake], blank, hiatus, cavity, [lakes.

La-cus'triDe Ih. laciis^ a lake], pertaining to Lad [SI.E. laddct orig. obscure], boy, youth. Lad'der [O.E. Ato(f(d)(?r], framework of steps. Lade [O.E. hladan\ to load. La'dle [0,E. lilcedcl^ fr. hladanj, cuplikc spoon

with a long handle ; transfer liquid from or to a vessel by a ladle, La'dlefnl.

La'dy [O.E. hMfdige, a lady; IMf, a loaf, and perh. dtgan, to knead]> well-bred woman; title. La'dylike,

La'dy-biid, small spotted beetle. Lag [?], to slacken pace, fall behind, [slow. Lag'gard, one who falls behind; falling behind, La-goon' [It, and Sp. laguyia; L. lacuna,

extension of laeuSy a lake] shallow salt lake near the sea, enclosed water of atoll.

L ^ [O.E. legeTf bed,camp; cogn. with Lie 2], bed of a wild animal.

Laird [So. form of lord], Scottish landowner. La'i-ty CE. toi, secnlar; Gk, Idicos, belong­

ing to the people], people aa distinct from the clergy,

1^0 [L, lacus, a lake], I'nTaTid body of water. I ako [E. Zo^ue; see Lac i ] , crimson paint.

orig, made from lac, ta 'ma [Tib, hkutna^ priest], Buddhist priest

of Tibet. lamb [E.], young of a sheep, , Lam'bent [L. lambere (pr.p. lambens, -entis),

to lick], touching Ughtly, playing over.

Lame [O.E. lama ; cf. O.H. lame, crippled, i limping ; make lame. L*

La-menf [L. lamentum^ a lament, liment&Ti, to lament], mourn; a mournful cry. Lamenta'tion, La'mentable.

Lam'in-a (pi. -as) [L. lu?nina]y thin plate of metal, etc.

Lamp t&k. lampas, a lamp; lampein^ to shine], contrivance for supplying artificial light.

Lam-poon' [E. lampon^ perh. from lampons^ let us drink], written abusive satire; write such against.

Lam'prey |;Late L. lampreda^ porh, from lambere, to lick, and petra, rock], eel-like fish which attach themselves to stones by a sucker.

Lance [-L. lancea, a lance], weapon with a long shaft and a steel head ; open with a lancet. Lan'cer.

Lan'ce-0-late [L. lanceolatus., dim. of lanceot lance], shaped like a spear-head, tapering to each end.

Lan'cet [O.E. lancette, dim. of Ia7icej a lance], sharp surgical instrument. [shore,

Land £0.E, land), ground, coimtiy; go on Lan'dau (a«=aw) [fr. Landau in Bavaria],

carriage with a top which can be opened and thrown back.

Land'iug, place to land on, level place at the top of a flight of stairs.

Landlord, fejn. Land'la-dy, one who has tenants, inn-keeper.

Land'rail [Land acd Rail2], bird (same as Corncrake).

Land'scape CDu. landsdkap, land, land, and -5c/iap=E. suf. -sftip], land scenery, picture of land scenery,

Lane [E.], narrow passageway, bye-way. Lan'gnage (?i=w) [L. lingua, tongue], speech. Lan'guid (u^=w') [L. layiguidus, fr, langiiSrc,

to languish], lacking energy, spiritleis, Lan'guish (M=JO) [L . tanguere, to languish],

grow weak, droop, Lan'guor (u=w) [O.E. languor, fr. L. languor],

wealoiess and weariness. Lan'guorons. Lan-ifer-oua [L. Idna, wool, fcrre, to bear],

wool-bearing. Lank [0.'E, hlatic; perh. cogn, w. Ger. le^iken,

to bend], lender and thin. Lank'y. Lan'tein [Gk. lampter^ a torch], portable case

for a light. Lan'yaid [formerly lannier ; E. laniere, a

thong of leather], short rope used in a ship.

Lajp 1 [O.E, lappa, rag], a flap, lobe of the ear, sitting body from waist to knees with its covering garments.

Lap 2 [ii.E. lappen, wlappen, to wrap, prob. h. lappd]y infold, lie over.

Lap 3 [O.E. lapian, allied to L. lambere^ to lick], lick up, to beat upon with a rippling sound. [coat,

La-pel' [see Lap^], turned back pari; of a Lap'i-da-ry [L. lapis (lapid-is), a stone], one

who cuts precious stones. Lap'pet [see Lap i], small decorative fold,

Laps6 116 Leader tapse \Jj* lobi (p.p. hpsus), to slip], slip, a

ialling, a pacing away; slip away, fail in duty,

Ija^'wing C0.33. hliapan^ to leap, tvinc^ to waver], bird of the plover family, peewit.

IfSl'board [?], left-hand side of a ship looking forward (now obsolete), port (see Port^)-

Lar'ce-iiy C * lalrociniumy robbery, latro^ a robber], theft of personal goods.

Larch [L. lanx (Jtancis), a larch], Mnd of coae-bearing tree.

Lard [I*, lardum^ lard; cf. Gk, lannos, fat], internal fat of swine; smear with lard.

Lard'er Csee Lard]» room or box for keeping food.

Large PJ . largus, l a i ^ ] , of great size. haik [O.E. Idferce; c£ Ger, lerchc, land of

small singing-bird, Lar'va (pi- larvae) [L. larva, a ghost, a

mask], insect in the grub state. Lar'ynx [Gk. lan/gx Qarygg-os), a larynx],

organ of the voice. Laryngi'tis, Las-ci'vi-ous [c^='S) pj.L. lasdviosusj fr. las-

dvus, sportful], lustful, wanton. Lash t?], thong, stroke with a whip; strike

as with a l a ^ Las'si-tude [L. lassus^ tired], weariness. L ^ s o [Sp. lazo; L. laqueus, a noose], rope

with a nooso for throwing; catch thus. Last [O.E. latosti superl. of Icct^ late], hind­

most, most recent, extreme, etc. Last [O.E. It^tan^ fulfil], continue, endure. Last [0.E, Idsl, footstep; Icbst^ boot], shoe-

block. Latch Cperh. O.F, ZacAe, from lackier (lacier)^

Bee Lace], catch which holds a closed door. Latch'et [O.F. lacJiet^ dim. of laz, a noose],

shoestring. Late [O.E. Icet; cogn. w, L, lassus, weai^],

behind In time, far on in the day, week, etc., not long past, deceased, recent.

La'teni [I/, tattre (pr.p. latms^ -entis), to be hidden], hidden, not yet roused.

Laf er-al [L. latus (laterals)) the side], of or pertaining to the side,

Lam [O.E. rcert], thin strip of wood, esp. nailed to rafters or floor-beams to support plaster.

Lathe (a=ai) [OJN". lath; Dan, drejelad^ a turning lathe], machine for taming or shaping wood.

Lath'er [O.E. Uathor^ washing-soda; cogn. with L. lato'e'ly froth of soap and water, foam of sweat; cover with lather.

Lat-izi'it-^ [I'. LatinuSy fr. LatiUTri\, quality of the Latin style. La'tinize,

Lat'i-tude [L. latus, broad], breadth, freedom from restraint, distance north or south of the equator.

Lat-i-tud-in-a'ri-an, of broad views, esp. in regard to religion,

Lab-xliiei' (ine^een) \JA, Vxtriva^ lavatrina, fr. lavare, to wash], military water-closet.

Lat'ter [0.E, Icetraj compar. of Icet^ late], later, second, recent.

Laf tice ice=iss) [O.F. laitis; F. laite^ a lath], network of crossing laths,

Laud'artle [IJ. lavd&re, to praise, and Able], praiseworthy.

Laud'a-num [etym. dub., perh. fr. L. ZodareHm, a gum-r^in, or fr. L. laudare^ to praise], tincture of opium.

Laugh iugh=f) [O.E. Idcehhan^ prob. imit.], make the noise which sudden merriment causes ; act of laughing,

Laugh'ter, act of laughing. Launch (au^^aw or a) [O.F, lander, to hurl,

to fling; L. IfmceiXre^ to wield a lanco], let fly, set afloat; setting afloat of a new ship.

Launch [Sp. lancka, a pinnace, perh. of Malay orig.], man-of-war's largest boat, largo electric or steam boat,

Laun'dry (au^aw or o) [O.F. lavendicre, a w^her-woiuan; L. lavHre, to wash], place for washing and ironing.

Lau're-ate [L. laurea, a laiu-el], decked with laurel. Poet Laureate, special poet of the British sovereign. Laurea'tion.

Lau'rel [L. lauruSi a laurel-tree], evergreen shrub,

La'va [It. 2at?a, lava; L. lavare^ to wash], melted rock ejected by a volcano.

LaVartor-y [L. ikvdre (p.p. lavatus% to wash], place for washing,

Lave [L. lavdre, to wash], wash, bathe, Lav'en-der [MX. lavendnla, lavender], aro­

matic j)lant,'pale greyish blue. Lav'ish [from obsolete lave, to pour out],

over-abundant; give profusely, squander. ' Law [O.N', lag^ a stratum, order; see Lie 2],

general principle deduced by obsarvation or experunent, rule fixed by the state or other authoritative bcdy.

Lawn [0-P. Jaunde, a grassy plam; cogn. with Land], smooth gra^y space.

Lawn [perh. from Laon in France], fine linen. Law'yei, one trained in a knowledge oC laws. Las [L. lAixus, loose], loose, slack. Las'a-tiTe [L. laxativus, fr. laxare, cogn.

TOth Vxnguere, to languish], tending to loosen the bowels,

Layi [Gk. laicos, lay, toos, the people], per­taining to the laity,

Lay2 [O.F. lai\ cf. Ir* laviy a song], song. Lay 3 [ O.E. lecgati; cf. (3^r. kgen], put or set

down, produce eggs. La/er [see Lay^], Bed, one thickness. La/man, one of the laity. Laz'ar [t:om name Lazarus'\, leper. Laz-ar-et'to, hospital, esp. for lepers, ship or

building for quarantine, ship's storeroom. La'zy [?], not inclined to work, idle. La'zy-tongs [Lazy and Tongs], contrivance

of zigzag levers with scissor-liko handles that can be extended to sei2e distant objects.

Lea [O.E. liah, a tract of land], grassy field, stretch of open ground.

Lead [O.E. Uad], heavy metaU Lead'en. Lead [O.E. Icjdtm; rcl. to O.E. lit/Ian^ to

travel], guide, go first; direction. Leal'er, first horse in team; article express­

ing tditorial opinion. JieaJeretts'.

Leaf 117 Let Leaf [E.], outgrowth, usually green, from a

stem, one of the folds (each containmg two pages) which compose a book, a folio.

Leagi^e [It. kga, league ; L. ligare^ to bind], alliance.

League [Late L. leum, leuca; perb. Gaulish], three miles.

Leak [perh. O.N. leJca, to drip], accidental opening by which fluid entors or escapes.

Leal (X. legalis], loyal, hon^t. Lean [O.E. hldme], thin; flesh without fat. Lean [O.E. hUonian^ hlinian; cogn. with Gk.

JclineiJij climax, and L. cUndre^ decline], bend, rest for support.

Leap [O.E. hliapan, to jump ; a jump. Leap'-year, year of 366 days. Lectrn [O.E, /eomiatt], gain knowledge. Lease s=ss) [E. laisser, to let; L. laxus,

loose], contract between landlord and tenant; let for a term of years. Lease'holfl.

Leash [O.E. lesse, laisse, perh. fr. L.L. laza^ a leash], thong or cord for holding a dog or a hawk; set of three (hoimds, hares, etc.).

Least [O.E. lcx;si, superl.], smallest, slightest. Leath'er [O.E. ktherj^ skin of an animal

dressed for use. Leave [O.E, Uaf^ cogn. w. love, lieE], per­

mission, parting. Leave [O.E. Iwfan; 0. Teut. laib, leiban, to

remain, cogn. w. Zaye, remainder], go away from, let stay, giTS up.

LectVen [L, levamen, learen, levure^ to raise], portion of fermenting dough, yeast; cause to ferment, infect.

Lech'er-y ic?t=tsh) [O.E. lechier, to live in debauchery], debauchery. Lech'etous.

Leo'tem [L. legere (p.p. lecius), to read], church readmg-desk.

Leo'ture CL. legere (p.p. Icctus), to read], discourse, lengthy reproof; read or deliver a lecture.

Ledge [perh. iI.E. form of legge; see Lay 3], shelf, ridge.

Led'ger [perh. M.E. liggen, after Du. legger, fr. leggen^ to lay], book containing a summary of accounts.

Lee [O.E, fa^o; O.N. hU, shelter], sheltered side.

Lee [F. Me], in pi., the sediment of wine, etc. Leecb [O.E. i<^ce, a healer], blood-sucldng

worm, doctor. Leech'craft. Leek [O.E. Uac], plant of the onion family. Leer [O.E. hlior, the cheek], distorted

ezpression. ' Lees [earlier lee; E. lie (sing.); Late L.

lia (pi. UcB), lees], d r e ^ Leet [perh. O.E. eslite, eslete^ election], list

of candidates for office. Lee'ward, towards the sheltered side. Leg'a-cy [L. legate (p.p. legaius), to appoint],

^ t by wiU. Le'gal [L. lex (leg-is), law], according to

law. Leg'alize. Lcg'ate [O.E. legat; L. legate (p.p. legdttts),

to appoint], ambassador from the Pope. Leg-a-tee'p one to whom a legacy is left,

Le-ga'tion, embassy, residence of an am­bassador.

Legend (l^'end) [L. legere (fut. pass. part. Iege7idm)i to read], wonderful story of the past. Leg'endary.

Le'gi-ble (^) £L. l^gerg^ to read], capable of being read. Legibility.

Le'gion [L. legio (legion-is)^ a legion; legere^ to choose], inihtary force, multitude. Leg'ionary.

Leg'is-late 0? soft), make or enact laws. Leg'is-la-tor [L. legis-lator; Ux (leg-is\ a law;

latoT, a proposer, from latus (used as agent-noun to ferret to carry], a lawgiver.

Leg'is-la-ture ig soft), body that makes laws. Le-gifi-mate [L. legitimus, lawful, lex

(leg-is), a law], lawful, Legit'jmacy, Le-gu'mi-nous [L, legUmen (kguTnin-is)^ a

pod], pod-bearing, like pulse. Leisure Clezh'uT or leezh'ur) [L. licerey to bo

allowed], freedom irom work, spare time. Lem'ming [Norw. lemende, lemming'], small

Arctic animal of the rat kind. Lem'on [E, limon\ Pers. limunt a lemon],

sour pulpy firait. Lem-on-ade', lemon drink. Le'mur ( or ee) [L- lemuT, a ghost], kind of

nocturnal animals, allied to monkeys, but with fox-like faces.

Lend [O.E. Uknanj fr. Zten], allow use of on condition of return.

Length [O.E. lengthu, conn, with lang, long], extent from end to end.

Length'en, make longer. Le'ni-ent [L. lenis, soft], mild, not severe.

Len'ience. Lens [L. Zens, a lentil], piece of curved glass

by which objects are seen magnified or diminished,

Lent [O.E. lencteriy the spring], time of fasting before Easter from Ash-Wednesday to Easter-Eve.

Len'til [L. lenticula (double dim. of lens, a lentil)], pea-hke plant, also its seed.

Le'o-nine [L. leo (leon-is), a lion], like a lion. Leop'ard [Gk, leopardos, a leopard, leon, a

lion, pardos, a pard], spotted wild animal. Lep'er [L. and Gk. lepra, leprosy; Gk. lepos,

a scale], person afflicted with leprosy. Lep-i-dop'ter-a [Qk. lepis, a scale, pteron,

a wing], order of insects with scale-covered

Lep'ro-sy, contagious skin-disease. Le'sion (si=izli) [L. lcsio (loesion-zs), a

lesion, Icedere (p.p. Iwsiis), to hmrfc], a hurt, injury.

Less [B.], smaller. Les-see', holder of a lease. Less'en, make less. Les'son [L. legere (leaio, a reading), to read],

portion to be read or learned. Lest [0.E, phrase, th^ Ms the, " whereby

less." In M.E. thj was dropped, and 1(ES the changed to les tel, for fear that.

Let [O.E, Mtan; Teut. root Idit; cogn. with Late and L. lassus, weary], allow, lease.

Let [O.E. lett^n (conn, with lost^ late)], hinder-

Lethal 118 Lime Le'thal [L. letkum, death], causing deatli. Lcth'ar-gy [Gk. lethargos, forgetlul, ISthe,

oblivion], morbid drowsiness, state of inaction. Lethar'gic.

Let'ter \L. littera, a Tetter], mark or symbol representing a sound, a written message, (pj.) learning.

Let'ter-press, print, Lef tuce uce~iss) [L. lactilca-, a lettuce ; lac

(JacHs), milk], plaint used in salads. LcT'ee ce=X) [F. lever, L. levare, to rise],

morning reception, reception for men held by the British sovereign.

Lev*el tO.P. livcl; L. libella (dim. of libra, a balance), a level], even, even surface, equal elevation; make flat, point (a gun).

Le'ver [L. levdre, to raise], bar used to raise weights. Lev'erage. [hare.

Lev'oet [L. lepus (lepor-is), a hare], young Le-vi'a-than [Heb. Uvyathan, a leviathan],

sea-monster, anything large of its kind. liev-i-ta'tion, rising (by lightness). Lev'i-ty [L. levis^ light], relative lightness,

flightiness. [collect. ^Bv'y [F. l^er, L. levare, to raise], mise, Lewa [O.E. Icswede, orig. ignorant, lay (adj.)],

indecent, vicious. Lex'i-COa [Gk. lexicon \ lexis, a word], dic­

tionary. Lexicog'iaphy. li'a-ble [-F. Her; L. ligare, to bind, and ATjle],

bound, in law, answerable. Id-aia'on (nearly lee-aiz-Ong) [L. ligare, to

bind], connection, bond of union. TA'tSf one who tells lies. Li'as [O.F, lUns, lias], blue limestone rock. lA-ba'tion [L. lihixTe (p.p. lifiotus), to ponr

forth], drtak-oflering to the gods. 3Li'bel [L. libellus (dim. of liher), a

book], malicious publication; defame, la'belloiis.

Lib'er-al [L. liber, free], free, generous; one in favour of great political freedom.

Lifer-ate [L. liber, free], to set free. Lib'er-tinc [L. Ubertinus, fr. liber, free],

licentious; one who is a slave to his deslrts.

Lib'er-ty [h. tiber^ free], freedom, permi^ion. Li-bra'ri-an, oue in charge of a libraiy. Li'bra-ry [L, liber, a book:], collectioa of

books, building or room for books. Li-bref to [Ilal. dim. of libro (L. liber), a

book], book of words of an opera. lii'cense, Li'cence [Ti. licere, to be lawful],

permission, document granting permission, excess oi liberty. Li'cense, grant per­mission. licensee'.

Li-cen'ti-ate (t=sh), one who has a licence to exercise a profession. [vicious.

Ll-oefl'tiou3 (tioics—shus), abusing fireedoni, Iii'chen (lU'en or Htclien) [I/, lichen; Gk.

leichcn, a lichen], flowerless plant growing on roclis and stems of trees.

lick [O.E. liccian, to lick], pass the tongue over, to lap.

Lid [O.E. hlid, a lid], movable cover. Lie! [O.E. Uogan, to tell a lie; lyge^ a lie],

untruth; utter falsehood.

Lie2 [O.E. ?fc^are], general direction; rest stretched out, be situated.

Lief [O.E. Uof, dear], willingly. Liege [O.F. lige, liegCf leal, free; M.n.G. hdic,

lidic, free], sovereign, loyal; sovereign, a subject,

Li'en (i~% or ce) [F. lien; L. Ugdmen, a tie, from ligdre, to bind], securii^ over goods for a debt.

lieu-ten'ant iieu=er) [!*'. lieutenant; L, locum ienens, holding the place (of an­other)], officer below a captain in the army, below commander in the navy.

Life[O.E. and O.N. ;(f], external and internal activities of an animal or plant, union of soul and body, time during \\'hich the union lasis, energy.

Lift [O.N. lypta, to lift, lop£, air; Ban. lofte; Swed. liffta, to lift], raise; a hoist.

Lig'a-ment [L. ligdre, to bind], band, fibrous ti^ue which, unites bones.

Lig'a-ture [L. ligdre, to bind], bandage, string for tying blood-vessels.

Light 1 [O.E. lioht; cf. Du. and Cer. Ucht; &]L Uukos, white; L. lux, light, all Ir. Aryan root, leulc, natural agent which renders objects visible to the eye, opposite of darkness; put iirc to.

Light 2 [O.E. Uoht; of. Du. lickt; Gcr. Icichl; Gk. elaphros, light, and elakMts, small], not heavy. Light'some.

LJght^ [O.E. llhtan, to alight, to make light, as Lights, descend, come on by cbance.

Lighf en^ [fr. Light^], to flash, grow lighter. Light'enS [fr. Lights], make less heavy. Lighter [fr, l ights], barge used in loading

and unloading ships. [seamen. Lighf house, tower with a light to guide Light'ning, electric discharge from clouds. Lig'ne-ons [I * lignum, wood], woody, made

of wood. Lig'nite [L. lignum, wood], fossil wood,

brown coal. Like 1 [3I.E. lich, fr. O.E. geUc (cf. Ger. gldch),

fr. 0. Teut. galiko, ga, mth, liko, body], similar,

Like 2 [O.E. liciany to like], to be pleased with, Like'able,

Like'ly, probable, promising. Like'lihood, Like'ness, resemblance, portrait. [also. LiWwisetfor " in like wise"], in like manner, Li'Idng, attraction toward, pleasure, love. Li'Iac [Sp. lilac, a lilac; Pers. lilak, var. of

nllak, bluish, nil, blue], bluish; shrub with blui^ or white flowers.

Lil-li-pu'tian (t=sli) [Lilliput in Gulliver's Travels'], very small, pigmy.

Lilt [Norw, lilla, to sing in a high tone], spurited rhythm, cheerful tunc.

Lil'y [L. lilium; Gk. leirion, a lily], bulbous plant, also its flower. [wing.

Lim& [O.E. Urn; cf. O.TS. Umr, leg, arm, or Lim'ber [E. Union, a shaft], harnessing part

of a gim-carriage; attach this part to gim. Lim'ber [?], fiesible. Limo 1 [F. lime, Pers. limUn, a, kind of citron],

fniit lifee a small lemon,

Lime 119 Littoral Lime - [var. of lind; see Linden], Imden-tree. Lime [O.E. Zwi, adhesive substance; cf. Ger.

leim; cogn. with L. Umus, mud], white earth (calcium oxide), viscous substance for catching birds.

LJm'er-iek [?], five-lined nonsense verse. Lim'it [L. limes (limit-is^ a limifc], edge,

bound; restrict. Lim-i-ta'tion, act of luniting, tha t , which

limits. LimTi [fr. obs. lumine^to illuminate (IISS.),

fr. O.F. luminer; L. lu/nm (-mw),' light;' see Illuminate], draw or paint.

Limp [cogn. with M.H.Q-. linipMn'], walk lamely; a lame walk.

Limp [?], laclang stifEness. Lim'pet [Late L. lampreda, a lamprey]j shell­

fish that sticks to rocks. liim'pid [L. l^mpid^ls, clear], dear. ' Linch'-pin [obs. Linch in same sense ; O.E.

lynis; cf. Ger. lunse; and Pin], pin passed through asle-end to keep wlieel on.

Lin'den [orig. an ad]', fr. O.E. lind, a linden-tree], kind of tree with fragrant fldwei-s.

Line [L. llnea, a line; llnum, flax], rope, long marking of the pen, eta, row, series of ancestors, course; cover the'inside, form a line.

lin'e-age [see Line], race, descent. , Lin'e-al, Lin'e-ar, pertaining to lines or

length. ' lan'e-a-ment [L. tinea, a line], feature. Lin'en [O.E. linen, formerly an adj, fr. Zfn,

flax], thread or cloth made of flax: Li'ner, ship belonging to a passenger line. Ling [cogn. with Longi], food fish. Ling [0.N, and Dan. lyng, heather],

heatlier. Lin'ger [O.E. Imgan^ to prolong, lang, long],

delay, loiter. Lin'gnal (w=w) [L. lingua, the tongue], of

or pertaining to the tongue. Lin'guist (ti='w) [L. lingua, the tongue], one

sMlled in languages. Linguisf ici Lin'i-ment [L. linire, to smear], ointment of

the consistency of oil, Li'ning, inside covering, Link [O.N. *klmlcr, bend of body ; Dan.

Uenke; Swed. lank, a link], ring of a chain, tie ; to join. ,

Link [?], torch. Links [O.E. hlinc], stretch of undulating

sandy ground near the sea; ground on which golf is played.

Lin'net [O.F. linette, named from feeding on hemp-seed; lin, flas], kind of singing-

' bird. Lin-o'le-um [L, Unum, flax; oleum, oil],

canvas treated with linseed oil and ground cori:.

Lin'o-type (i) [line of type], machine for pro­ducing stereotyped lines of words.

Lin'seed [O-B. Un, flax, and Seed], seed of flax.

Lin'sey-wool'sey [perli. O.E. Un, linen -f obs. say, silk, and Wool], coarse material of wool and cotton, orig. wool and linen.

Lint [peril, fr. P. lineite, linseed], linon scraped into a soft substance.

Lin'tel [Late L. linteUiis, limiiellus^ dim. of L. limes, a boundary], horizontal timber or stone spanning a doorway, etc.

Li'on [L. leo (leonis) ; Gk, ledn, large beast of prey, celebrated person, Li'on-ess-

Li'on-ize, to treat a person as a celebrity, to make a 'lion' of.

Lip [O.E. lippa; cogn. with L. toMwm], fleshy border of the mouth, edge.

Liq'ue-fy [L. liquidus, liquid, facere, to make], make or become liquid. Liqueiac'tion.

Liq'uid [L. liquidiis (adj.), liquere, to be liquid], flowing, not solid ; a fluid.

Liq'nid-ate [L. liquidusj liquid], to discharge, to pay off.

Liq'ifor [L. Ztgwor, liquor, liquere, to be liquid], a liquid, esp. containing alcohol.

Liti'i/o>ice, Lic'o-rico (ice^iss) [Gk. glykyr-rhiza, li(iuorice, glycos, sweet, rhiza, a root], the thickened juice of a root,

Lisp [O.E, wtiisp, lisping, imit.; - cf. Du. lispen], to pronounce s and e as th.

Lis'som, Lis'some [contr, of lithesome; see Lithe], flexible.

Liat^[O.E. liste; O.F. Zw;e],ancdge of cloth, List2 [O.E. Iilyst., hearing; fihjstan, to

listen], to listen. List 3 [O.E. hjstan, to deshe], please. List"* [F. liste, fr. Teut.J, a catalogue ; to set

down in a list. List 5 r?J, to incline to one side (a ship). Lis'fen [0. Northumb. lyma, fr. Teut. root

hlns; O.E. hlosnian ; cogn. with List 2], to give ear,

Lis'fen-ing post, position in front of an army where sentries have to tvj to find out enemy movements by hearing.

Lisf less [List^ and Less], spiritless, languid. Lists, enclosure set apart for contests. Lif a-ny [Gk. litanda, a prayer], prayer with

responses, Lit'er-al [L. littera, a letter], according to

the letter, verbally exact. [literabire. Lif er-a-ry [L. littera, a letter], pertaming to Lifoate , able to read and write. Lit'er-arture, collective writings. Lithe [O.E, lithe, gentle, soft; cogn. with L.

lentus, slow, fr. Teut. root leti], easily bent, flexible, supple,

Lith'o-graph [Gk, lithos, a stone, graplidn, to write], a print from a design on stone.

Lit'i-gate [L, lis (lit-i-s), strife, to go to law. Li-ti'gious, fond of going to law. Lit'igant. Lif mus [Du. laJcmoes; lak, lac, and rnoes,

pulp], kind of blue dye. Li'tre (Ice'ter) [F, litre'], unit of capacity

in metric system; about 1^ pint. Lifter (p,F. litiere; L. lectus, a bed], a bed

in a frame for carrying, bedding for animals, the young family of a quadruped, confusion of things.

Lif tie [O.E. l^tel, prob. fr. root of lutan, to bow down; see Lout], small.

Lif to-ral [L. Utus (Utor-is), the shore], per­taining to the shore; the shore.

LitursT 120 Loon Lifur-gy [Gk. Uitourgia, public seiTicc;

leitos^ public, ergon, work], a form for public woiship. Litur'gical.

Live [O.E. Uhlan, fr. 'Xout. root lib'], hare liie, pass life, dwell,

Live (T), full of life, flaming, cbarged with electricity.

lave'U-hood [O.E. Uf^ life, lad^ a course], means of living.

IdVe'long, entire, from beginning to end. Live'ly [O.E. lifiic, lit. life-like], full of life,

brislc, Liv'et [O.E. lifer], gland which, secretes bile. liv'er-y [P. livri^, orig. fern. p.p. of livrer, to

deliver; L. Uberdre, to deliver], uniform dress of service.

Xiv'id [L. lividvs, livid], black and blue, of a lead colour.

Liv'ing, manner of life, means of living, benefice of a clergyman.

Lia'aid [O.E. lesard; L, lacertus, a lizard], a species of reptiles.

LZa'ma [Peruv. llama, llama], S. American animal related to tho camel.

XIIQ,'IX.O [Sp. llano (L. planus), flat], extensive treeless plain (in America).

LoadL [E. loche, a loach], kind of fish. Load [O.E. lad, a way, course, can'iage],

burden, cai^o; lay a load on, charge, as a gun. [Polestar.

Load'stai, Lode'star, guiding star, esp. the Load'stone, Lode'stone, piece of magnetic

iron ore. LoaS [O.E. ftM/], piece of bread baked

separately, conical mass of sugar. Loaf [?], lounge or loiter about. Loaf e?» a lazj^ lounger. [of soil. Loam [O.E. lam, cogn. with Lime ^], rich kind Loan [O.N. Idn; Dan. loan; Swed. Zdn, a

loan], that which is lent. Loath, Loth [O.E, lath, hateful], unwilling. Loathe [O.E. ldthia?i], to hate, abhor. Loath'some (so7nc=su7n), disgusting. Lob'by [JifJJ. lobium, labia, a gallery, a

covered way; of. Loflge], passage between rooms, waiting-room.

Lohe [Gk. lohos, a lobe], rounded projection. Lob'ster [O.E. loppestrc, corruption of L.

locusta (1) a lobster, (2) a locust], marine shellfish. [place.

Lo'cal [L. locus, a place], pertaining to a Lo-cal'i-ty, geographical situation, place.

Loe'alize. [position. Lo-cate' [L. locus, a place], place, set in a Loch (ch guttural) [Q-ael. and Ir. loch, a

lake], lake, arm of the sea (Scotland). Lockl [O.E. loc], tress of hair. Lock 2 [O.E. loc, a fastening, Ziican, to shut]

fastening (of a door, etc.), wor!^ to permit of passing between difEerent levels of a canal, mechanism for exploding the charge of a gun; make fast, link together.

Lock'er [see Loek^], compartment, esp. in a ship, that closes with a lock.

toek'et [orig. a fastening; E. loquet, a latch, dim. of O.P, loc, a lock], small ornamental pendant case,

Lo-co-mo^tion [L. locus, a place; mov&re (p.p. mollis), to move], moving about.

Lo-CO=mo'tivc [L- locus^ a place, movgre (p.p. mStus, to move], engine that moves from place to place; not stationary.

Lo'cust [E. locusta, a lobster, a locust], insect allied to the grasshopper, tree bearing pods.

Lo-cu'tion [L, loqui (p.p. locUtiis), to speak], speech, mode of espression. [metal.

Lode [O.E. lad, a way], wate>course, vein off Loflge [0.$'. loge; H.L. lobia, a lobby],

small house, meeting-room of a brother­hood, the brotherhood itself; to shelter, stop or rest in. [tion.

Lodge'ment, Lodg'ment, foothold, accumula-Lodg'er, occupant of hired rooms. Loft [0.N, lopt, air, sky; an upper room;

Dan. and Swed. loft, a garret], space between roof and ceiling of uppermost storey, gallery, etc., in a church, room over a stable.

Loft'y, high, proud. Log [late lI.E. logge» Etym. doubtful], piece

of unhewn timber, instrument for measur­ing a ship's speed, log-book or journal for entering all happenings espec. on ship.

Log'a-rithm [Gk. logos, a word, reckoning, anikmos, number], one of a class of auxiliary numbers used to abridge calcu­lation. liOgarith'mie. Ito quarrel.

Log'ger-he«ds [see Log and Head], (to be at), Lo'gic (^ [Cjk. logice (fem. of logicos), reason­

able, logos, a word], science of exact reasoning. Logi'cian.

Lo-go'ma-ehy (ch~Ic) [G-k. logos, word, machia, fighting], dispute about words.

Log'wood, dark red wood used by dyers. Loin [O.E. loigne\ L. lumh\is, loin], lower

part of the back between ribs and hip-bone. Loi'ter [M.Du. lotereny to wag about, to delay],

linger, saunter. Loll [prob. imit,: cf. M.Du. Mien, to sleep,

and Lull], lie at ease, hang (tongue) from ihe moufh.

Lol'li-pop [?], sugar confection. Lonc'ly [fr. lone, short for Alone], solitary,

unfrequented-Long 1 [O.E. lang, com. Teut; cogn. with L.

longus'], drawn out in a line, far-i-eaching. Long 2 [O.E. langian, to crave], to dosii*e

eagerly, Lon-gey'l-ty (g=f) [L. long(Evitas; longus,

long, <emim, an age], length of life. Lon'gi-tude (g—f) [L. longus, long], length,

distance^east or west measui'ed by meri­dians. longitud'inal.

Look [O.E. I6cian, to look], a sight, glance, expression of face; direct the eyes to, seom.

Loolc'ing-glass, mirror. Loora^ [SI.E. ?ome, fr. O.B. geldnta, tool, ge

(y), and ld2na; cf. andloman, apparatus], frame for weaving.

Loom^ [cf, E. Ez"3. Idmen, to move slowly; M.H.G-, luomen, to bo weary; etym. doubt­ful], appear enlarged as a distant object,

Loon [O.N. IdmT \ Dan. lorn, a loon], bird.

Loon 121 Lunch Loon [?], fellow. Loop [perh. O.N". hlaup, a leap; cf. Swed.

Idpknut^ running knot)], noose, doubling of string, etc.; form into a loop, fasten •witii a loop.

Loop'hole [perh. conn, -mth, M.Du. Mpenf to lie in wait, and Hole], small opening, esp. for musketry. '

Loose (se=ss) [O.E. ISas ; O.IT. ?aM55,.loose], unbound, slack; make loose.

Loos'en, make loose. Loot [Hind, lut], plunder. Lop [?J, cut off. Lop-sid'ed [Lop, of doubtful origin, and Side],

of unequal sides. Lo-qua'eious (ci=si) [L. loqui, to speak],

talkative. Loquac'ii^. Lord [O.E. Jildford, lit. loaf-keeper], master, a

titled nobleman, God, a title of Glirist. Lordly, proud. [power. Lord'smp, title given to a lord or a judge, Lore [O.E. lar (cf. Ger. Ichre), fr. Teut. root

lais; Gogn. with, Leam], learning, know­ledge.

Lorg-nette' (lom-yet) [P.], pair of eye-glares usually held by long -handle, opera-glass.

Lorn [M.E. hren^ p.p. of Usen; O.E. Uosan, to lose], d^olate, lost.

Lor'ry [?], long vehicle (for goods) without sides.

Lose (looz) [O.E. losian^ to perish, fr. los^ d^olution], cease to have, to part with unintentionally.

Loss [peril, back-formation, fr. lost^ p.p. of Lose], act of losing, that which is lost.

Lot [O.E. hlof], fate, anything used to settle a question by chance, share.

Lo'tion [L. lavdre (p.p. lotus), to wash], a wash for wound or complexion.

Lot'ter-y [It. loUeria^ a lottery; see Lot], dis­tribution of prizes by lot.

Lo'tus [Gt. lotos, a lotus], water lily of Egypt and Asia, tree with a sweet fruit said to produce forgetfulness.

Loud [O.E. hlud^ com. West Germanic], making a strong sound, noisy, flashy.

Lough (pron. as Loch) [Ir. locli], lake or arm of the sea (in Ireland).

Lounge (lomij) [?], idle gait. Mud of sofa; to stand, sit, or recline in a lazy way.

liouse (Uncss) [O.E. lus, com. Tout.], wingless insect infesting animals.

Lout [O.E. Mtan^ to stoop], clownish fellow; bend, bow.

Love (lUv) [O.E. lufu]^ strong liking; feel strong liMng. .Lov'able.

Lovely, beautiful, lovable. how [C3.E. hl6wdn\ cogn. with L. clamarc]^

to moo, call. "Law [O.IT. ;«^r, cogn. with Lie 2], not high,

not loud, mean, near the ground. "Low [O.E. hlaiD'], hill. Loio'er (comp.of low),let down,bring down. Low'er, Lour/[M,E. louren, to frown], be

gloomy and threatening. Low/ly, low in rank, humble. I

E

Loy'al [P. loyal; L. legalis; see Legal], faithful to law, true to a person. Loy'alty.

Lo'zenge [O.E. losenge \ perh. fr. O.P, lauze, a flat stone], figure with 4 equal sides having 2 acute and 2 obtuse angles, a flat sweet,

Lub'ber [perh. cogn. with Lob], big clumsy fellow, esp. sailor.

Lu'bri-cate [L, hibriciis, slippery], make smooth or slippery, apply oil. Lu'bricant,

Lue'ent [E. lUcentem, pres. p. of Ulcere, to sliine], shining, luminous.

Lu'cid [L. lucere, to shine], bright, clear, sane. Lucid'ity,

Lu'ci-fer [L. lUx (luc-is), light, ferre, to bring], the morning star, the planet Yenus when she appears before sunrise, match ignited by friction, [fortune.

Luck [E.G. lulcy short for geluk"], chance, Lu'cra-tive [L. lucrum, gain], yielding gain. Lu'cre cre^ker) [L. lucrum, gain], gain. Lu-eu-bra'tiou [L, lUcUbrdrc (p.p. lucvr

hratus), to "work by lamp-light, lux (lUc-is), light], study by night, elaborate literaiy work. [absurd.

Lu'di-crous [L. lUdere, to play], laughable, Lufi [M.E. lof, a contrivance for altering a

ship's course], turn a ship's head toward the wind.

Lug [Swed. and Norw. Itigga, to pull by the hair, htgg, a forelock], drag along.

Lug'gage [see Lug], traveller's tiiinks, etc. Lug'ger [perh. fr. Lugsail], small ship with

lugsails. Lug'sail [perh, fr. vb. Lug and Sail], square

sail bent upon a yard that hangs obhquely to the mast.

Lu-gu'bri-OUS [L. lugSre, to momnj, mourn-fiS (used lightly).

Luke'warm [Luke, perh. fr. O.E. ^hUow, and Warm], moderately warm, cool.

Lull [E., jmit.; cf. Loll], to calm; calm interval during storm.

Lull'a-by 0/=l) [Lull and By (as in *' Bye-Eye ")], cradle song.

Lum-ba'gO [L. luinbus, loin], rheumatism h\ the loins. [loins.

Lum'bar [L. lumhus, loin], relating to the Lum'ber [perh. room of the Lombard-hTokQr

(pawnbroker)], bulky uselc^ things, tim­ber sawed or split into beams, joists, etc-

Lum'ber [M.E. lomere; perh. fr. lame], move in a clumsy, noisy way.

Lu'mi-nJV-ry [L, lUmen (luniin-is), light], body that gives light.

Lu'mi-nous [L. lumen (lUmin-is), light], shining clear. Luminos'ity.

Lump [Swed. dial and Norw. lump, a block; Swed. lumpeii, rags], irregular mass.

Lu'na-cy, madness. [moon. Lu'nar [L, lUna, the moon], relating to the La'na-tic [E. luna, the moon], insane;

insane person. Lunch, Lunch'con [perh. connected with

Lump], light meal between breakfast and dinner.

Lung- 122 Masrazine Lung [O.E. lungen, fr. Teut. root, lung; cogn.

with. Light,- ol little ^ve^ght], one of tlio organs of breathing.

Lunge [earlier longe; P. allonger, to lengthen; L. «d, to, Umgus^ long], sudden thrust.

Lu'pine [L. lupits^ a wolf], flowering plant. Lu'pos [L. lupiis, a wolf], disease of the

sBu. Loich [?], sudden roll as of a ship ; roll or

sway suddenly. Lurch [1?. lourche, game like backgammon],

old game. Leave in the lurch^ leare in diiEculties.

Lure [O.F. leurre, loerre ; perh fr, Teut.; cf. Ger. luder, a bait], contrivance to recall hawks, enticement; entice.

Lu'rid [L. lUridm^ lurid], pale yellow, ghastly pale, like red glare showing amid, darkn^s as flamo through smoke, sensational.

Lurk [?], lie in wait. Lus'cious (sci—sh') [?], delicious, esce^vely

sweet. Lush [?], luxuriant, succulent. Lust [O.E. lust, pleasui-e, delight], (formerly)

pleasure, inclination; (now) sexual or pas­sionate desire.

Lus-tra'tion [L. lustrare (j).p. liistrdtm)^ to purify], purification. •

Lus'tre [F. lustre; It. lustro, lustre; L. lustrSre, to shine], brightness, brilliancy.

Lus'trum [L. UtstTum, expiatory sacrifice, period of five years], period of five years.

Lust"? [O.E. hist, pleasure], vigorous, robust. Lute [P. lut^ Port. cUaude; Arab, al, the,

•dd, wood], stringed instrument now out of use.

Lu2-u'ri-ant [L. luzuriantemj pr. p. of luxuriare, to grow rank, fr. luxuria, luxury], abundant in growth. Luxu'ri-ance.

Lux-u'ri-ate [see Luxuriant], indulge with delight.

Lux-u'ri-oua [O.F. luxurius; fr. L. luamri-osus, pertaining to luxury.

Lux'u-ry [L. luxus^ excess], free indulgence, desirable thing that can be done mthout.

Lydd'ite [from I/pdd in Eent, where it was fiist tested + sulf. ite of scientific terms], high explosive used in making shells.

XijQiO.lij.Uag; O.N. Zau*?, bath; perh. cogn. with Lather], mixture of vegetable ashes and water for washing.

Lymph [L. lymphaf water], colourless animal fluid.

Lym-phat'ic [L. lympJiatmis; see Lymph], sluggish.

Lynch [?], to put to death by mob-law with­out a legal trial. Orig. used in U.S.A.

Lynx [L. iind Gk. hjrix, a lynx; allied to Gfk. ?ej/i-05, bright], animal of the cat kind noted for sharpness of sight.

Lyie [L. and &k. lyra, a lyre], kind of harp now out of use.

Lyi'ic CV—'^ [Gk. h/ricos, lyric; see Lyre], kind of poem fitted for singing, poem exjiressing poet's own thoughts and feelings, Lyr'ical,

M Mac-ad'am-ize [fr. inventor, J. L. Macadaml^

form a road of layers of broken stones, decreasing in size towards the surface, mixed with earth, and rolled.

Mac-a-io'ni [It. ma^caroni]^ wheaten paste in the form of pipes.

Mac-arron'ic [fr. It. maccarom\^ kind of burlesque verse, containing Latin or other foreign words, but with a mixture of words from the writer's mother tongue yAi\x ending like those of the foreign language employed.

Mac-a-roon' [P. macaron, same as Macaroni], sweet almond biscuit.

Ma-caV [Port, and Braz. macao], lai^e parrot.

Mace [T?. macis, mace, etym. doubtful], dried covering of the nutmeg, used as a spice.

Mace [O.'W. mace, perh. allied to L. snakoZa, a mallet], stafC with a metal head, official's staff of olfice.

Ma'cer-ate [L. macerdre (p.p. maccrSUis, to steep], soften by steeping, cause to waste by fasting. Macera'tion.

Mac/t-i-a-velli-an (Macliiavelli, a Plorentino statesman), unscrupulous, fidl of duplicity.

Mac7i'i-na'tion pj. machindri (p.p. mackin-dtus), to contrive; see Mael^e], artful design or plot.

Ma-chhie' (ma-sJieen') [Grk. nncchane, a machine, meckos, a contrivance], con­struction of combined moving parts, vehicle.

Ma-chin'er-y, machines in general, working parts of a machine.

Dfeck'er-el [O.P. makerelt etym. doubtful], mottled oceanic fish.

Maek'in-tosh [fr. C. Mackiniosh^WiQ patentee], waterproof coat.

Mac'ro-COSm [Grk. macros, great, cosmos, world], great world, universe.

Mad [O.E. gc7)ididiy p.p. of gemwdeUy to make mad], disordered in mind, fmrious.

Ma'dam [P. matkime, i.e. "ina dame., my lady], compUmentarj' title to a lady.

Mad'cap, person of wild beha- 'iour. Mad'den, make mad, enrage. Mad'der [O.E. 7nccdere; cf. Swed. madra;

Norw. mo(?r«], plant used in dyeing. Ma-don'na [It. laa—mia^ my, and donna,

lady ; fr. L. dojnina], the Virgin Mary. Mad're-pore [It. miulrepora; madre, mother,

and -poro (perh. fi. Ok. JJOT-OS),friable stone], Mnd of perforate coral.

Mad'ri-gal [It. madn'gak, a pastoral song], quaint little lovo poem, unaccompanied song in several part3.

Mael'strom [Du. rnalca, to grind, stroom, a stream], great wMripool.

Mag-a-zine' (ine—eertS [Arab, makhasin, pi. of makhzaUy a storehouse], storehouse, periodical publicat ion, chamber for cartridge in rifle.

Mag*enta 123 Malpractice Mfl-gen'ta [fr. Magenta, in Italy], bluish-ied

colour obtained from coal-tar. Mag'gofc [Welsh maceiad, a maggot, magiad,

breediiig], grub ol a fly, 'ivMm. ; Ma'gic [F. magique^ fr. L. magicits; Gk.

magicos'], pretended art of doing wonders by supernatural means.

Ma-gis-te'ri-al, pertaining to a magistrate, authorit-ative, overbearing.

Ma'gis-trate pj . magister, a master], public civil officer.

Mag-nan'i-mous [L. magmis, great; aiiim^Lt, the mind], great-minded, noble. Magna-nim'ity.

JSag'nate [L. magnus, great], person. o£ rant or distinction.

Mag-ne'si-a [Gk. magnesias, belonging to MagnesiUy in Th^saly], white earthy substance. [metal.

Mag-ne'si-um [see Magnesia], silver-white Mag'net [Q-t. (lilhos) magnttosy magnesiau

(stone)], lodestono, Mnd of iron ore which attracts iron, piece of iron or steel so treated as to have the characteristic pro­perty of lodestone. Mag'netize,

Mag'net-isin, natural force of attraction. Mag-nifi-cent [see Magnify], splendid. M^ni-fy [L. magnus, great,/ac«-e, to do],

mako great, enlarge in appearance. Mag-nil'o-Cluent [L. ma^uSy great, logui, to

speak], pompous in speech. Magnil'o-ftuence. [ness.

Ma^ni-tude [L. magrms, great], size, great-Mag-nol'i-a [fr. Magnol, botanist], kind of

large tree with beautiful foliage and flowers.

Ma&'pie [.M<xg, short for 3?. Margol \ see Pie ^], long-tailed, noisy bird.

Mah'di [Arab, mahdiy, the guided oue, fr. pref. ma and hadd, to guide], among Mohammedans, the last imam • or leader of the faithful.

Marhog'a-ny [?], furniture wood. .. Maid, Maid'en[O.E. ma;gden], young unmar­

ried woman. Mail [F. maille, mail; L. macula, a spot, a

mesh], chain-armour, Mail [O.F. mo/e, O.H.a. Tualha, a wallet],

p(fit-bagg, letters, etc.; to post. Mmm [O.F, mahaignieTy to maun; etym.

doubtful], to cripple, disable. Main^ [O.E. ma;gen, strength], strength,

ocean, principal pipe. Main [partly O.E. magen, partly O.K. megn,

strong], principal, chief. Maia'land [Main2] and Land], principal land,

continent. Main-tain' [L. manu tencre, to hold in the

hand], keep up, asert. ^ [ance. Main'te-nance, means of support, eontinu-Maize [Sp. maiz^ of Cuban origin], Indian

corn. Maj'es-ty [L. majestas, majesty; allied to

major, exalted dignity, title of emperors, kings, and queens.

Ma-iol'i-ca [perh. fr. Majorca, formerly MajolicaP[, kind of pottery.

Ma'jor [L. viajor^ comp. of magmts, great], lUI greater; field officer of lowest rank, '** oflicer ranking next below a lieutenant-colonel and above a captain.

Ma-jor'i-ty, greater number, full age, office of major.

Make [O.E. macian \ cf. Ihi. Tnahen ; Ger. ^nachcTi], cause to esisfc, to form, compel; structure, fojm.

Make'shift, expedient for the time. Mal'a^chite (ch=k) [Gk. malachg, a stone

resembling in coloui- leaf of mallow], green mineral.

Mal-a-droit' [F. mal, bad, adroity skilful], unskilful, clumsy.

Mal'a-dy [L. male habitus, out of condition; male, badly, and habitus, p.p. of habere, to have], illness.

Mal'a-pert [O.F. mal, badly; aperi, open], saucy, impudent.

Mal-a-pro-pos' [F. mal, ill, ct, to, propos, purpose], unsuitable, unseasonable.

Mal'a-prop-ism [fr. 2Irs Malaprop, in Sheridan's "Eivals"] , ludicrous misuse of a word.

Ma-la'ri-a [It. malaria, for mala aria, bad air], unhealthy exhalation from marshes, fever caused by mosquito bites.

Mal'con-tent [F. mal, ill, contenty content], discontented person.

Male,[O.F, masle; L. mascuhts, male], one ol the SOX to which a man belongs.

Mal-e-dio'tion [L. 7nale, evilly, dicere (p.p. dictus), to say], curse.

Mal'e-fac-tor [L. male, ill; facere (p.p. /actus), to do], evil-doer, criminal.

Ma-le/o-lent [!<• mal&, ill, velle (pr.p. voleriSy -entisX to wish], ^vishing evil, spiteful. Malev'olence.

Mal-for-ma'tion [L* male, ill, forma, forma­tion], wrong formation, deformity.

Mal'ice ice=iss) [L. rnaliis, bad], ill-will. Ma-ligu' (wa-iiTuO U^ tnalignus C' dj.),

maluSy bad, gignere, to produce], evil, unfavourable; to slander.

Ma-Iig'nanfc, spiteful, infectious, virulent. Ma-lig'ni-ty, malice, deadly quality. Ma-lin'ger [F, malingre, sickly; etym. doubt­

ful], pretend illness or inability. Mall^ (a=aw) [F. mail\ L, malleus, a

hammer], wooden hammer, mallet. Mall 2 [fr. the Mall (pron. mell) in London,

where the game of pall-mall (pr. pell mell) was played; see Mall i] , public walk.

Mal'lard [O.F. Tnalart], a wild drake. Mal'le-a-ble [L. malleus, a hammer], capable

of being hammered out, pliable. Mal'let [F, maillety dim. of ^, mail, hammer,

usu. of wood. Mal'loio [L.maii'a, a mallow; perh. cogn. with

Gk, malachos, soft], plant with soft leaves. Mal-nu-tri'tiou [F. rnal, badly, and Nutri­

tion], insufficient nutrition. Mal-o'dor-ous [F. 7ml, badly, and Odorous],

evil-smelling. Mal-prac'tice [F. mal, badly, and Practice],

wrong-doing.

Malt 124 Manure Malt(a=azi')[0 E.?nfo/(; M.IT.G.inu/ boELJ, |

bailey steepeii in water aud dried. Mal-tieat' [F. mal, badly, and Treat], tieat lU Malt'ster, one who makes malt. Mal-ver-sa'tion [F. malierscTf ir. L. male,

badly, lersan^ to behave], corrupt adminis­tration of public or tiLtst money.

Mam-ma' [repetition of ma, a syllabic in­stinctively nsed by children], mother.

Mam'mal [L. mammahay ammals that suckle their young; mamma, the breast], ammal that sucLles its young.

Mam'mon [Gk. mamdnas, Ir. Arimaic vmmon, riches], riches, the god of riches

Mam'moth [Rus. mammot, a mammoth], huge extinct elephant.

Man [com. Teut ; O.E. man(7i); cogn. with Skr. manu, min ; L. mens, mind], human being, mile person ; furnish with men.

Man'a-elorL. mamcula, ahttlehand; manw,, the hand], handcuff; to handcuff.

Mau'age [ong. a noun; It. mancggio, a handhng; Ir. manxis, the hand], to direct, control. Man'ageable.

Man'age-ment, direction; governing body. Man'da-im [Port, mandanm; Malay and

Hmd. maiUn, a counsellor; Skr. Tnan, to think], Chmese public officer or nobleman.

Man'dat-or-y, coziveying a command, or authority.

Man'date [L. mamis, the hand, dare (p p. dulus\ to give], authoritative command.

Maa'di-ble [L. ynandert^ to chew], jaw, esp. lower ]aw.

Man'do-lin, Man'do-linc [It mandola, var. of paridora, kmd of guitar], guitar with rounded body.

Mau'drake [Gk. mandragoras, a mandrake], narcotic plant.

Man'djel [?], axis to which turners fix their work.

Mau'dnll [Man and "W. Air. dnU, a baboon], large baboon.

Mane [O.E. 70071?/, fr 0. Teut. manA, neck], long hail on the neck of the horse, etc.

Man'fu-lly, courageously. Man-ga-nese' is=z) [corruption of Magnesia],

metallic chemical element. Mange [O.F. manjuc; P. manger^ itch; L

manducdre, to eat], akm disease of hoi-ses, dogs, and cattle. Mang'y.

Man'gel- (or Man'goU-) wur'zel GQT. man gold, beet; wurzel, root], large beet.

Man'ger (a=ai) [P. mangeoire, manger, to eit], open box 01 trough for fodder.

Man'glo [A.r. Tnahangler, freq. form of mahaign^er, to m^lm], cut and bruise, spoil by gross blunders.

Man'gle [Du. mangel (n.); Gk. maoganon, an engmc of war], machme with loUers for smoothmg Imen, etc.; put through a mangle.

Man'go [Port, manga; Tamil manX&y; mau fruit], Indian truLt-beanng tree.

Man'grove Ul, tropical tree growing in mud on the seasliore.

Man'liood, state of being a man.

Ma'ni-a ima^ma\) [L. aud Gk. mama, mad­ness], violent mental deiangeineufc, gieat enthusiasm, Mam'acaL

Ma'njac, mad perbon, Man'i-cure [L. manus, the hand ; cura, care],

one who undertakes care of the hand, esp. nails; to care for the hand.

Man'i-fesfc [L. manu^j the hand, and perh. obs. fcsLus, struck], open, apparent; show plamly; H fc of cargo.

Man-i-£es-ta'tion, display. [tion. Man-i-fes'to [It. mamjesto], public declara-Man'i-fold [Cora. Teut.; O.L mamgfeald],

various, numerous. Man'i-Mn [Du mannekeii, dim. of Man],

little man, dwarf, artist's lay figure. Mau'i-oe [Tupi mandtoca], cassi-v a-plant, Ma-nip'u-late [L. tnanipithis^ a handful;

maniw, the hand, and -plere, to fill], handle skilfully, manage fraudulently, Manipula'-tion.

Wan-kind', human rice. Man'ly, having quabties becommg to a maru

Man'lincss. Man'na IL. and GL manna; Hob. man,

manna], sweet ooze from a kind of asli-tree, heavenly food.

Man'ner [Late L. ma)^v.)dna, manner; L. manus^ the hand], way of doing, habitiMl style.

Man'ner-ism, trick of manner. Man'msh, masculine, bold. Ma-nflsn'vre [I/. ma?m, with the hand, and

opiis (ppcr-is)^ work], adioit proceeding, military or naval mo\ ement; manage wath art, perform manceuvre^.

Man'-of-war', wai-^lup, Man'or [IJ. manere, to remam], feudal

division of land. Manor'iaJ. Manse [L. Tnanere (sup. vmnsmn), to remain],

minister's house (In Scotland). Man'sion [L mancrc (=iup. mansuin), to dwell],

largo dwellmg-house. Man'dau7/t-ter, criminal but unintenlional

homicide. Man'sue-tude [L. mansucius, p p. of inan-

sucsccre, to tame], gentleness. Man'tel, Man'tel-p-'ece [\ar. o£ Mantle and

Piece], shelf above a fireplace and its Fupporfs.

Mau-bl'la [Sp. dim. of manta, a mantle], &p^nlsh lady's veil.

Man'tle [L. inantellum, a cloak], cloak, a conical network round a gas jet; to cloak, overspread.

Man'u-al [L. manus, the hand], done or made by the hand; handbook.

Man-u-fae'to-ry [L. maniiy by hand, facer/', to make], buildmg where thmgs are made.

Man-u-fac'turc, anythmg made by hand or by machmerjr; work raw materials mlo form ior Ise.

Man-u-mission [L. manu, by hand; see Mission], freemg (a sla\ e). Manumit'.

Ma-nure' [formerlv to work with the hand; con* ractioa of Manoeuvie], land fertilizer; apply manure to.

Manuscript 125 Marzipan Man'u-script [L. mami., by hand, scribere

(p.p. s(Tiptus)t to write], paper written with, the hand,

Man'y(a—e)[O.E.,«M)!n2j,many],umiierous; large number,

Map [L. TnappUj a napkin, mappa mundi, map of the world], representation of the siirface of the earth or part of i t ; mafee a map of.

Ma'ple [O.E, mapeltriow, maple-tree], tree. Mar [O.E. merran^ to obstruct], disiigurej

Bpoih Mar'arbou, Mar'a-toui (o«, out=oo) [Arab.

muTQhity hermic], W, African stork, N. African hermit.

Ma-rand' [P. marauder, maraud, a rogue], make an incursion for plunder. Maraud'er,

Mai'ble [L. martmr, marble], compact lime­stone, little hard ball used in a game; stain like marble.

March 1 [L. Martins (mensis), month of Mars], third month of the year (Rom. first).

March 2 [F. marcher; doubtful origin], walk with regular steps; measured walk of troops, piece of music for marohmg to.

March3 [O.E. mmrc, a boundary; doublet of Mark]» border country, boundary.

Mar'chion-esa (ch==sh) [Low L. marcMonissa^ inarcMo, a prefect of the Marches; see March s]) wife of a marquis.

Mar-co'ni-gram [from It. name Marconi, and G-k. gramma^ a letter], message by wire­less telegraphy.

Mare [O.E. mere'], female of the horse, Mar'garrine (ine^in or eeii) [a misapplication

of the chemical term "margaric acid"], imitation of butter,

Mar'gin [L. margo (margin-is), cogn. with Mark 2], border, edge. Mar'gind.

Mai'grave [Du. marl-graaf; mark, boundary, and graaf, a count], lord of the marches.

Mai'gwei-ite (ite—eet) [G-k. margarites, fr. margaron, a pearl], ox-eye daisy.

Mar'i-gold [Mary and Gold], plant with yellow blossoms.

Marine (ma'Tcen') [L. mariniis, marine, Tnare, the sea], pertaining to the sea; soldier serving on a ship.

Mar'in-er, sailor, Mar-i-o-net^e' [F- Marionnette (fr. Marion,

dim. of Mariet Mary], puppet moved by strings. '

Mar'i-tal [L. marltns, a husband], of marriage, of a husband.

Mar'i-time [L. maritimns, maritime, tnare, the sea], connected with the sea.

Mar'jo-ram [M.L, majorana, marjoram], mint-like plant.

Hark^ [O.E. nwrc, a weight], standard coin of Germany,

Mark 2 [O.E. meaTc'\, s^n, impression, object aimed a t ; to note, make marks on. [land,

Mark 3 [O.E, mearc, a boundary], border Mar'ket [JJ. morcdn (p.p. mercdtus), to trade],

trading place, rate of buying and selling. Mar'ketable.

Marks'man, one who shoots well.

Marl 0,'E't marie; Late L. viargila., dim. of marga, marl], mixture of clay, lime, and sand.

Mar'line-spike [Du. marlijn, a cord of two strands; marren, to bind, lij7i, a line; see Spike], short tool for opening the strands of a rope.

Mar'ma-lafle [Port, marmelo, a quince; Gk, meli, honey, melon, an apple], prGserve, esp. of oranges. [marble.

Mar-mor'e-al [L. TnarmoreusJ^ of or like Mar'mo-set [?], small monkey. Ma-roon' [F, mairon, fugitive; corruption

of Sp. Cimarron, wild], in the W. Indies a furtive negro slare.

Ma-roon' 2 [F. manvn; It. marrone, a chest­nut], dull red.

Ma-roon'3 [see Maiooa^], put ashore on a desolate island.

Marnwe (letters of) [P. marqite; M.L. marcare, to seize as a pledge], licence to a privateer.

Mar-quee' (qu=k) [for marquess, E. spoiling of E. marquise, orig, a marchioness's tent], large field tent.

Kafiiiiet-iy, Mar'quet-erie (gu=fe) [3?. marqueier, to variegate], inlaid work.

Mar'guis, Mar'guesa [O.E. marhis; Low L. marclienscs^ a prefect of the Marches; see March s], title of nobility next that of duke,

Mar'jn'age [P. mariage, marriage; L. mar'itus, a husband], legal union of husband and wife. Max'riageable.

Mar'ro w [0 .E. mearg'], substance in the hollow of a bone.

fi^'ry [L. ^mxitare, to marry, maritus, a husband], wed.

Marsh [O.E. Qnersc (M.L. 7nariscus); fr. O. Teut. mari, sea], tract of soft wet land. Marsh'y.

Mar'shal [O.E. mareschal: O.H.G. marah-scalhy a marshal; marah, a horse, and scalh, a servant], officer of the highest rank; dispose in order,

Mar-3u'pi-al [Gk. marsypion, dim. of mar-sipos, a bag], pouched animal.

Mart [contraction of Market], market. Mar-tel'lo (tower) [It. MartcUo, a hammer;

the watchman gave alarm by striking a bell with a, hammer], small circular fort.

Ma/ten [O.E. martre; cf. O.E, mearth, a martin], animal of the weasel kind,

Mar'tial Qi—sh) [L. Mars (^Mart-is), the god of war], warlike.

Mar'tin [E. martin, from name MaTtin\, house swallow.

Mar-ti-nef [from Martinet, an officer in Louis 2IV.'s time], strict disciplinarian,

Mar'tin-mas, Feast of St Martin, 11th Nov­ember.

Mai'tyr [(Jk. martys, a witne^], one who sufCors for conscience' sake, great sufferer. Mar'tyrdom.

Mar'vel [L. mirari, to wonder at], a wonder ; to wonder.

Mar'vel-Jous, wonderful, miraculousa Ma^zip-an [?], paste made of pounded

almonds, sugar, etc

Mascot 126 May Mas'cot [F. Mascoiie, luck-bringer. Mas'cu-linc [L. masatUmis, masculine,

mas, a male], of tlie male sex, stroug. Mash [peril, cogu. with Mix], soft pulpy mass ;

make pulpy. Jifesk [E'. masque, h\ Sp. ni^scara, a mask;

efcym. dub.], face-cover for disguise; to disgnisQ, to conceal.

Bti'son [O.'F. TTutssou; Low L. inacio, a mason], stoneworker, freemason.

Ma'son-iy, stonework. Masa^tc (aue=^k) [¥.; see Hask], allegorical

or symbolical drama, of 17tb. cent, in which actors (amateurs) wore masks.

Mas-auer-ade' qu=lc) [Sp. mascarada; see Mask], assembly of masked persons, pre-

' tentious show; to frolic in disguise. Mass^ [L. massa; Gk. maza., a barley cake],

body of matter, bulk. Masa 2 [Folk L. messa ; Late L. missa, ilass,

L. mittere (p.p. 7nissus)y to send], Iiord's Supper, usu. in the lt.0. Church.

Mas'sa-cljB [F. massacre, etyra. doubtful], slaughter of many ; to slaughter many.

Mas-sage' age=^aJizh) [perh. from Port, amas-sar, to knead ; massa, dough], a rubbing or kneading of the body; to treat thus.

Mas'seuT (fern. Mas^seiise) [F.], one who practises massage.

Mas'sivc [T?. massif (tern, massive); see Mass 1], large and heavy. M^'sy.

Mast [Com. Teut.; O.E. ma;st'], upright spar on a ship.

Mast [O.l^.mcESt'], fruit of beech, etc., esp. as food for swine.

Mas'ter [O.F. maistre; L. magister, a master], one who controls; gain command of. Mas'terihil.

Mas'ter-ly, having superior akUl. Mas'ter-pfeee, a work done with estra-

ordinarj'' sloll. Maa'ter-y, command, supremacy. Maa'tic [Gk. Tnastiche, a kind of gum], kind

of gum resin. [ca'tion. Mas'ti-cate [perh. fr. Mastic], chew. Masti-Mas'tiff [Late L, mansitctinuSy from L.

mansitetiis, tame], kind of large dog. Mas'todon [Gk. maslos^ breast, odous,

tooth], extinct kind of elephant. Mat [L. maita, a mat], article of iiitei-woven

rushes, et<;., used for different pmrposes; tangle.

Mat'a-doi [Sp. fr. L. wactare, to Mil], man appointed to loll bull in bull-fight.

Match [O.P. mesche; peril, from Late L. mytxa, a wick], splint tipped to strike light.

Match [O.E. gema-ccaj a comrade, a spouse; allied to inaciaii^ to make], equal man-iage, suitable combination, contest; to mate, be equal, oppose as equal.

Mate [Low Q-. mate, a mate], associate, ship's officer; to match, marry,

Mate [O.F. mat in eschec mat, checkmate], checkmate (in ches^),

Ma-te'ri-al [L. materia^ matter], consisting of matter, not spiritual, important; substance, Mate'rialize.

Ma-ter'nal [L. maiernus, motherly, mater, a mother], motherly, [hood.

Ma-ter'ni-ty [L. mater, a motlier], mother-Math-e-matics [Gk. maikcma, sometliing

learned], science of magnitude and num­bers, Mathemati'cian.

Mat'inS, Mafc'tins [L. MaiSta, the goddess oi dawn], m.oming pi-ayers in Church of England.

Mat'i-nfic S=ai) [F. matinie, matin^ morn­ing], entertainment in the daytime.

Mat'ri-eifle [L. 7nuter (nialr-is), a mother, ccedere, to kill], murder or murderer of a mother.

Ma-tric'u-late [L. matricula, a register], admit to or enter a university by enrolling in a register. Matricula'tion.

Iffaf ri-mo-ny [L. mater matr-is), a mother], marriage. Matrimon'ial.

Ma'tron (a~ai) [L. matrona, matron, mater, a mother], mai-ried woman, housekeeper of an institution, Ma'tronly,

Maf tei, covered with a mat, tangled. Mat'tet [L. materia, matter], substance,

subject, pus; be important. Maf ting, mats in general, matwork, Maf tock [O.E. mattuc, etym. dub.], tool for

digging and grubbing. MsLi'tte^lO.^.materas, a mattress; Arab, al-

matrah, a place where anything is thrown], bed stuifed with hair, etc., and quilted or otherwise fastened, wire £'ame on which mattr^s is placed.

Ma^ture' [L. mOiunis^ ripc], ripe; ripen. Matur'ity. ' [morning.

Mat-u-ti'nal [see Matins], relatmg to the Maud'lin [0.1?. name Madelaine, Magdalen],

somewhat drunk, weakly sentimental. Slatl'gre re^er) [0,1P, malgre, maugr&; fiom

7?iaZ,ill, and gre, will], in spite of. Blaul [L, mallem, a hammer], wooden

hammer; beat and braise. Maul'-stiek[Ger.?Ka?CT'5iocfc; 7na^r, a painter,

and stock, a stick], stick used as a rest by painters.

Maun'der [?], talk in a rambling manner. Mau-so-le'um [Gk. mausoleion, orig. tomb of

Mausolos, a king of Caria], magniUcent tomb.

Mauve au==aw oro) [L, Tnalva, a mallow], delicate pmrple. [thmsli.

Ma'vis a=ai) [F. maiims^ a mavis], song-Maw [Com. Tout.; O.E. ^naga'], stomach. Mawk'ish [O.N. mathkrx Dan. madil-e, a

maggot], of faint sickly flavour, weakly Fpntimental.

Max-il'la-ry [L. mo^iZte, the jaw-bone], relating to the jaw-bone.

Max'im [L. maxi^na (adj., fern.), greatest], lule or precept,

Max'im [fr. Sir II. Maxim, inventor], single-barrelled machine-gun.

Max'i-mum [L. 7ic2it. of maximus, greatest], greatest degree or quantity,

May [F. mat; L. maius, etym, doubtful], the fifth mouih (Rom, thirdj, hawthorn plant and blo^oms.

Mayor 127 Memorial Ma/or [!''. mmre, mayor; L. major, greater],

chief magistrate of a city or borougb. May'or-al-^, mayor's period of office. Maze [?]i network of paths, bewilderment. Mead [O.E. m^d], meadow. Blead [CSom. Teut.; O.E. meodu], fermented

drink of honey and water. Mead'oit? [O.E. mccdws, dative of meed, a

mead], tract of low land under grass. Mea'gre [F. mai^re\ L, macer^ lean],'thin,

scanty. - [repast. Meal [O.E. m^Z, a stated time, a meal], Meal [O.E. TnelOy meal; Tout, malan, to

grind; cogn. with L. 7nola, mill], grain (usu. exo. wheat) ground to powder.

Meal'ies [Cape Du. milje, from Port, milho, millet], name for maize in S. Africa.

Mean^ [O.E. mamaii]^ intend, signify. Mean^ [O.F. meien; L. medianus, mean,

mcdius, middle], middle point or' part, middle; intermediate in size, quality, time, etc.

Mean ^ [O.E. gemdiie, common], low, stingy. Means [see Mean 2], agency, income. Me-an'der [L. Marauder; G-k. Maiandros,

river in Phrygia], wind and turn. Mea'ales (s=0) [M.E, maseles; cf. O.H.G.

73a5aZa,aspofc],lcYerishdiseasewith.arash. MecE.'suxe (eas=hh) [P. mesure, measure;

L. 7ictin (p.p. mensus), to measure], standard, extent or quantity, means to an end, grouping of beats in music, stately dance; ascertain extent, etc., by a rule or standard. Meas'urement.

Meat [O.E. mete\, animal flesh used as food. Me-chan'ic (ch=k) IG'k.mSchane, a machine],

artisan, Me-ehan'ic-al, pertaining to machineiy, done

as if by a machine, pertaining to mechanics. Me-chan'ics, science which treats of the

action of forces on bodies. Mech'an-ism, structure of a machine. ' Mei'al [P. mMaille, medal; L. metallum,

metal], coin-like piece of metal with a device to commemorate an event, etc.

Me-dali'ion [P. mSdaillon; see Meflal]* large medal, circular decoration,

Med'al-ist, Med'al-list, one skilled in medals, one who has gained a medal. '

Med'dle [O-P. medUr, mesjer, to mix; L, miscCre, to mix], interfere improperly,

Me-di-£8'val, Me-di-e'val (« and c=ee) [L. medium, the middle, cevum, an age], per­taining to the Middle A.g( '

Me'di-al, in the middle, average. Me'di-a-tor [L. medius, the middle], one who

intercedes. ' Med'ic-al [L, medicus^ a physician], relating

to the curing of disease, Me-dic'a-ment [L. medicus, a physician]

healing application. Med'z-cine [L. Tnedioma, medicine, medicus^

a physician], science of health preserva­tion and restoration, remedy, drug, Medic'inal. '

Me'di-o-cre (5) [L. medius, the middle], middling, ordinary. Medioo'rity. '

Mei'i-tate [L. meditdri (p.p. meditatus), to meditate], think seriously, plan. Medita'-tion.

Me'di-um C * medium, neufc. of medvus, middle], middle place or degree, means, transmission, person supposed to bo in communication with spirits.

Med'Iar [O.P. viedler; Gk. mespiloti, a medlar], tree and its apple-like fruit.

Medley [O.P. medlee, p.p. of mcdler, to mix], mixture, jumble.

Me-dul'Ia-ry [L. TneduVa, marrow], consisting of or like marrow,

Meed [O.P. mid; cogn, vdth Gk. misthos; Skr mldh&i prize, reward], reward. [ing.

Meek [O.'S.mi^kr^ meek, soft], gentle, yield-Meer'schaum [Ger. meerschaum; mcer, sea,

schaum, foam], white clayhke mineral. Meet [O.E,, metan, to meet], to come up to,

to assemble, to agree; an assembling of huntsmen. [(adj.).

Meet [M.E, mite, prob. fr. O.E. genid;te\ fit Meg-al-ith'ic [Gk. megas, great, liftos, stone],

constmcted of large stones. Meg-al-O-ma'ni-a [Gk. megas (fem. megate),

great, and Mania], insanity of egoism, passion for big things,

Meg'a-phone [Gk, megas, great, and pho7ie, sound, voice], instrument for carrj-ing sound to a great distance.

Me'grim [P. migraine; Gk. Jiemikrania, megrim; Jiemi, half, cranion, a skull],kind of sick headache, whim, (pi.) low spirits.

Meran-chol-y (d, ch=Tc) [Gk. mela^, black, chole, bile], depression of spirits. Melan-cho'Iia. [flght.

Me'lfe (mailai) [P. ; see Medley], confused Mel-liflu-ous [L. mcl (mell-is), honey, fluere,

to flow], flowing sweetly. MelU'fluence, Mellow [perh. O.E. melo, dat, of 7nrfw,meal],

soft; soften. Mero-dia-ma, Mel-o-dra'nja [Gk, melos, a

song, drama, a drama], kind of sensatiomil play. Melodrama'tic.

Mel'o-dy [Gk. melos, a song; 5de, a song, ode], sounds in agreeable succession, tune. Mdo'dious.

Mel'on [Gk. melon, an apple], large fruit of the cucumber Mnd.

Melt [O.E, meltan (intr,), mieltan (tr.); cf. 0,N. melta, to digest], turn from solid to liquid,

Mem'ber [L, membrum, a limb], limb, part of a whole, one of a church or society.

Mem'brane [L. membrdna, a skin], thm tissue. Me-men'to [L, memento, imper. of meminisse,

to remember], token to awaken memory'. Mem'oir [P. m^oire, memory; L. memor,

mindful], account of events as thej' are remembered by the writer, biography.

Mem'or-a-We [L. memor, mindful], worthy to be rememoered, Memorahil'ity,

Mem-o-ran'dum(^^.-da,-dimis)[I'.?nemorare, to bring to mind], note to help memory.

Me-mo'ri-al, something to preserve re­membrance, petition or written repre­sentation.

Memory 128 Methyl Kem'o-ry [L. memor^ inindXul], faculty which

retains previous knowledge. ISem'orize. Meu'ace [L. minax (viinuc-i^\ threatening,

projecting], threat; threateix. Men-a'gewe [1?. menagerie, menagerie,

menage, a household], wild beast show, Mend [short for Amend], repair, improve. Men-da'cious (ci^sh) [L. mendax mendac-is),

false], lying. Menda'city, Men'di-cant [L. mendictts, a heggar], beggar. Me'ni-al CO.F. tn^snie, a household], dis-.

paraging name for a domestic servant; servile.

Meu-su-ra'tion CL. mensural a measure], process of measuring. Men'surable.

Meu'tal [L. mens (pnent-is\ the mind], relat­ing to the mind. MentaVity,

Men'thol p^. mcntltai mint, oleum, oil], crystalline drug.

Men'tion [L. Tnentio (mentiun-is), mention], speaJc shortly of; a notice.

Men'tor [Gk. Mentor, the adviser of Tele-machus\, wise adviser.

Men'u [P. mmu, a menu; L. minutus^ small], bill of fare.

Me-phit'ic pj . 'mephitis, a poisonous stench], poisonous, ofEensive to the smell, [trade.

Mer'can-tile [see Merchant], having to do with Mer'ce-na-ry [L. mercSs (rnerccdris), a reward],

paid, hired, greedy of gaia; soldier hired into foreign service.

Mei'cer p^. merx (merc-is), merchandise], dealer in textiles.

Mer'eer-ize [fr. J. Mercer, patentee], prepare cotton for dyeing by treating with chemicals.

Mer'chan-dise (s—s) [see Merchant], objects of commerce, goods.

Mer'chant [L. mercari (pr.p. mercans, -antis), to trade], one who trades on a large scale.

Mer'cliant-man, trading vessel. Mer'ci-£ul, full of mercy, tender. Mer-cu'ri-al, sprightly and changeable. Mer'cu-ry [ i . Mercurius, the god of traffic],

quicksilver, a liquid metal. Mer'cy [L- mcrces, a reward], willingness to

spare or to help. Meie^[O.T?.; cogn.withL.marfi, fr. O.Teut.

Ttiari, sea], lake. [more. Mere 2 [L. merus, unmixed], such and no Mer'e-tri'eious (ici=ish) [h. merctrlcius \

mcreri, to earn], gaudy, tawdry, Merge [L. mergere, to dip], sink, absorb. Me-rid'i-an [L. merMies, noon; mediiis, the

middle, dies, a day], mid-day, an imaginary circle passing through the poles ol a globe.

Me-ri'no (i=ee) [Sp. merino, roving from pasture to-pasture; L. majdrinus, of a larger kind; tiiajor, greater], kind of Bhecp with Une wool, stufE made from the wool.

Mer'it [L. mcreri (p.p. meritus), to deserve], desert:, esp. in a good sense; deserve.

Mer-i-to'ti-ous, deserving reward or honour. Mer'maM Olere i and Maid], imnginary

creature half woman, half fish,

Mei'ri-ment, gaiety with laughter. Mer'ry [O.E. myi(i)ge, prob, Ir. 0. Tput.

murgjo, short], joyous, gay and noisy. Mer'ry-thonght, forked bone of a fowl's

breast, Mesh [cogn. with O.E. max, net; etym. dub.],

space between threads of a net; to engage (of teeth of a wheel).

Mes'mer-ism [fr. F. A. Mesmer, an Austrian doctor], doctrine of extraordinary control of one will over another.

Mesa [O.P. mes, mess; L. mittere (p.p. missus, to send], food for one meal, number of persons who cat together, muddle; take meals.

Mes'sage [5 - message, message; li, mittere (p.p. missus), to send], sent notice or communication.

Mes'sen-ger IT?, messager; see Message], one who bears a message.

Mess'mate, one of the same mess. Mes'suage (it=w) [A.P. mesuage, a manor-

house; L. mansio, a mansion], house with out-buildings.

Mef al [Gk. mctalhn, a mine], hard fusible substance, broken stone for roads; to put stono on road.

Met-al'lic» pertaining to or like metal. Mefal-lm:-gy, Met-al'lur-gy [Gk. mctallon,

metal; ergon, work], art of working metals. Met-a-mor'phic [see Metamor'phosis], subject

to change of structure. Met-a-mor'pho-sis [Gk. meta, change, morphe,

form], change of form. Mefa-phor [Gk. meta, change, pherein, to

bear], figure of speech by which one thing is pub for another which it resembles. Metaphor'ieal,

Mef a-phrase [Gk. mdaphrasis; meta, change, and phrasis, phrase], word for word translation.

Met-a-phys'ic3 (5=2) [Gk. meta ta phjsica, after the physics; see Physics], science 0! abstract being, mental philosophy. Meta-phys'ical,

Mete [Com. Teut.; O.E. metan], to measure. M:e-tem-psy-cho'sia(c/i=i-)[Gk.meia, change,

em (en), in, psyche, the soul], tra?ismigra-tion of souls.

Me'te-or [Gk. meteoros, soaring in air; mela, among, and acircin, to raise], aerolite, shooting star.

Ble-te-or'ic, brilliant and transient. Me'te-or-ite, fallen meteor. Me-te-or-oro-gy [Meteor and Gk. logos, dis­

course], science which treats of atmo­spheric phenomena, esp. as regards weather and climate, [instrument.

Me'ter [O.E. inetan, to measure], measuring Meth'od [Gk. meta, after, hodos, a way],

regular way, manner, order, Meth'odizo. Me-thod'ic-al, orderly. Meth'o-dist [see Method], person belonging to

one of the religioiis bodies founded by the 'Wesleys and 'V\' hiteDeld.

Meth'yl [Gk. mcthit, wine, and lii/ls, wood], base of wood-spirit, etc,

Methylate 129 Minaret Meth'y-late, mix with methyl, as methy­

lated spirit. '' Me-ti'cul-ous [L- Tneticulosus^ fr. metusy

fear], over-scrupulous about minute detaUs.

He-ton'y-my [Gk. meta^ change, onoma^ a name], figure by which a part or attribute of a thing is put for the whole.

Me'tre t ^ ^ metron, a measure], rhythm, measure, measure of length=39'37 inches,

Mef ric, pertaining to the decimal system of measures. ;•

Mef rioal, composed in metre or verse; Mefro-nome [Metre and Gk. nomos^ law],

instrument to measure time in music. Me-tiop'o-lis [G3c. meter, a mother, 'polisy a

city], chief city. Metropol'itan. Met'tle [var. of Metal], sphit. Mew [O.E. nuiew; cf. Ger. mdwe, gull.' Mew [1?. mtie, a cage for hawls], inclosure,

stables; to shut up. Mew [iniitF.], cry as a cat. Mez'zo-so-pra'no zs=dz) pit. mezzo, half,

and Soprano]* voice of compass between contralto and soprano, part for such a voice, singer possessing such a voice.

Mez'zo-tint (zz=dz) [It. mezzo, half; tinto, tint], kind of engraving in which lights and half-lights are produced by scraping a roughened surface.

Mi-as'ma CGk. miasma, a stain, miandn, to stain], infected air, malaria.

Mi'ca [L. mJffa, a crumb], mineral composed of scales. , i

Mi'ciobe [Gk. micros, small; bios, life], tiny organism, a germ.

Mi'cro-cosm [Gt. micros, small, . cosmos, world], man viewed as an epitome of the universe, miniature representation.

Mi'ero-scope [Gk. micros, small; scopeiii, to see], instrument through which we see minute objects enlarged.

Mi-cro-scop'ic, very minute. Mid'dle [O.E. middel, midd, middle, and

diul, part]j part equally distant from the estremities.

Mid'dling, of middle rank, state, etc. Midge [O.E. m7/C£7], small gnat-like fly. Mid'night [Mid and Night], twelve o'clock

at night. Mid'riSS [O.E. midd, middle, Jirif, the belly],

diaphmgm (q.v.). [officer. Mid'sbip-man [mid for amid], iunior naval Midat [O.E. midd, middle], middle,; in the

middle of. Mid'wife [O.E. midd, and Wife], woman who

assists other women in childbirth. Mid­wifery, '

Mien (ie=ei) []?. mine, expre^ion, etym. doubtful], aspect, air, bearing. '

Might [O.E. miU, fr. 0. Teut. root, mag, to be able], force, power. Might'y-

Mignonette (min-yon-et") [F. mignonette, dim. of mignon, darling], fragrant plant.

Mi-graine', see Megrim (first sense). Mi'gtate[L.mi(/rare(p,p.mt(;r5fM5), to wander],

remove to another region, Migra'tion,

Mi'grant, Mi'gra-to-ry, removing regularly. Mi-ka'do [Jap. mi, august; M o , door],

sovereign of Japan. Milch [as Milk], giving milk. Milch-cow. Mild [Coin. Teut,; O.E. miMe, gentle, soft,

kind. Mil'dew [O.E. meled^aw; mele, honey, d^aw,

dew], whitish fungus growth; cover with mildew.

Mile [L. mille, a thousand whence mille (pi. millia), •passuum, a thousand paces, a Roman mile], measure of distance (in Britain^lTGO yards).

Mile'age, Mil'age, distance in miles, expense at fixed rate per mile.

Mil'foil [L. mille, a thousand, folium, a leaf], plant with iinely dissected leaves, yarrow.

Mil'i-tant, engaged in warfare (literal or figurative), fighting.

Mil'i-ta-ry [L. miles (mUii-is), a soldier], relating to soldiers; soldiers. Mil'i-tarism.

Mil'i-tate [L. JK^Z S (niUit-is), a soldier], make war, fight, be an influence (against).

Mi-Ii'tia iti=sJi) [see Militate], (formerly) soldiers not organised permanently in peace, a citizen army.

Milk [Com. Teut.; 0. ilercian, mile, O.N. mioiJc], white fluid fi'om cow, goat, etc.; draw milk from.

KDlk'sop, man or youth lacking in natural spirit.

MTII [Late L. moMno,, extended fr. mola, a mill], machine for grinding, building con­taining machinery ; grind, stamp, shape, as metal, by a rotary cutter.

Mill [L. mille, a thousand], thousandth part of a dollar (U.S.). , [pasteboard.

Mill'hoard [Mill and Board], kmd of stout Mill'dam, dam to raise water high enough

to turn a mill. Mil-len'ni-um [L. mille, a thousand; annus,

a year], thousand years, Christ's reign on earth, ideal state of society. Millen'nial,

Mill'er, one who keeps or works in a flour-mill.

Millet [E- milld, dim. of mil\ L. milium^ millet], kind of grain native of India.

Mil'li-ard [L. mille^ thousand], thousand millions.

Mil'li-ner [fr. Milan in Italy], one who makes Qjid trims women's hats. Idil'linery.

Mil^'ion (iO=yo) [E. fr. L. mille, a thousand 4-augment. sufE.], thousand thousand.

Miirion-aire'' [E.J, owner of a million pounds, dollars, francs, etc., very rich man.

Mime [Gk. mimos, a mime], ancient drama marked by mimiciy, actor in such a drama. Mimet'ic.

Mim'ic [Gk. mimos, an actor], imitative; one who imitates for sport; imitate for sport- Mim'iery,

Mi-mo'sa (5=^) [fr. Slime, and suf. ~osa= ose, fr. L. osus^ abounding in], kind of podded plant.

Min'ar-et [Arab, manaral; from root of nar^ fire], tall turret near a mosque.

Minatory 130 Misprision BIiu'a-to-ry [L. inindri (p.p. minutus), to

threaten], tlireateniug. Mince [Late L. mimitia, a small piece], chop

fine, "TOalk ox talk primly ; minced meat, etc. Min'cingly.

I/imiLl0.1i.ffe)uynd; '^.li.vnjnd, fr. 0. Tent, root, men^ man^ to think; cogn. witli L. mens, mind; Gk. meiios^ rage], that in man which feels, reasons, and judges, in­clinations memory; to heed.

Mine F, min€\ etym. doubtful], pit from which ores, coal, etc., are dug, a hollow for explosives; dig a mine. [substance.

Min'er-al [il.L. minera, a mine], inorganic Min-er-al'o-gy, science of minerals. Min'gle [M,±j. mmgcl, fr. O.E. meTigan, to

mis], mis:. Min'i-a-tuie [It. miniatura, miniature; L.

miniare (p.p. mimato), to colour with red lead; L. minium, red lead], very small; very small portrait.

Min'im [L. mininms, smallest], small liquid measure, time note in music.

Min'i-mize, make the least of. EEn'i-mum [L, neut. of minimus, least],

least quantity possible. Miu'ion (io=yo) [F, mignon, a darling],

favourite, fawning dependent or agent. Min'is-ter [L. minister^ a sen^ant], servant,

agent, clei-gyman, government member; serve, contribute.

Mn-is-te'ri-al, ofilcial, priestly. Min-is-tra'tion, service. Min'is-try» service, office ot a minister,

ministers of state as a body. Mink [of. Swed. iJienk^ mink], animal of the

weasel kind. Min'noiy [O.E. myne, a minnow], small fish. Mi'nor [L. mijtor, less], l e ^ ; one under 21

years of age, Mi-nor'i-ty (ml or mt) [see Minor], the state

of being under age, smaller number. Min'stei [O.E. •mynster, minister; see

Monastery], great church (esp. of a monas­tery).

Min'sttel [O.F. menestral, a minstrel; Late L. ministerialist a servant; see Minister], singer and hari)er, poet. Min'strelsy.

Mint [0.35. minte; L. menta; (Jk. minthc, mint], fragrant plant.

Mint tO.E. mynct, a mint; L. Tuoneta, money], coining'place,' make (coin).

Min'u-end [L. mxnuere, to lessen], number from which another is to be subtracted.

Min'u-et I^- t^snuet^ dim. of P. mcmi, small], slow graceful dance.

Mi'nus [L. minus, neut. of minor, less], symbol ( - ) , indicating subtraction; less, excepting.

Min'ute iute=it) [L. minuta, fern, of minutus, small], 60 seconds, a record, memorandum; make a record.

Mi-riute' 2 ( or ^ [L. minnttts, orig. p.p. of minnerey to lessen], very small.

Mi-nu'ti-a ivl. MinutisB) ((=5A) [see Minute", very small particular.

-Minx [?], pert gurl.

Mir'a-cle [L* mracidum, mh-acle; mimri, to wonder at, mints, wonderful], a wonder, supernatural event. Mirao'ulong,

Mi-rage' (age—ash) ¥. mirage^ mirage; mirer, to be reflected; L. tinrari, to wonder at], optical illusion due to refraction.

Mire [O.N", mfjrr, nm-e], deep mud. Mir'ror [L. mirdri, to wonder at, to behold],

looking-glass; reflect. Mirth [O.E. myr(i)qtk, cogn. with Merry], joy

and laughter. Mirth'ful, Jlis as a prefix, meaning wrong, unfavour­

able, before nouns, and wrongly, badly, before verbs, is used in the following words:—Mis-ap-ply', Mis-ap-pre-hend', Mis-ap-pro'pri-ate, Mis-be-iiaTO', Mis-be-h'ef, Mis'be-h'eve', Dlis-eal'cu-late, Mis­call', Mis-chance', Mis-con-ceive', Mis-con-cep'tion, Mis-con'duet, Mis-con-struc'-tion, Mis-con-strue', Mis-deed', Mis-di-recf, Mis-em-ploy', Mis-for'tnne, Mis-guide', Mis-han'dle, Mis-hap', Mis-in-Jonn', Mis-in-tei'pret. Mis-judge', Mis-lead', Mis-man'-age, Mis-name', Mis-place', Mis-prinf, Mis-pro-DOimee', Mis-rep-re-senf, Mis-rnle', Mis-sha'pen, Mis-spell', Mis-gpend', Mis-state', Mis-un-der-stand', Mis-use'.

Mis-ad-ven'ture Imis-, unfavourable, and Adventure], accident, misfortune.

Mis'an-thrope [Gk, miseln, to hate, anthropos, man], hater of mankind. Misan'thropy.

Mis-ca/ry [mts-, wrongly, and Carry], fail of effect. Miscar'riage.

Mis-cel-Ia'ne-ous [L. miscellus, mized, miscere, to mis:], mixed.

Mis-cel'la-ny, collection of various kinds of compositions.

His'chief [mis-, bad, and Chiei], harm, trouble caused by folly or perversity.

]lIis'cliiev-ous, harmful, fond of mischief. Mis'ere-ant [mzs-, wroi^ly, L. credere

(pr.p. credens, -entis), to believe], un­scrupulous scoundrel.

j Mia'de-mean'our [7ms-, wrong; see De­meanour], evil conduct, fault. Misde-mean'ant.

Mi'aer (s^s) [L. miser, wretched], mean person who hoards money.

Mis'er-y (J=.2) [L. rniser, wretched], great unhappiness. Mis'erable.

Mis-giv'ing [pref. mis-, unfavourable; see Give], doubt, distrust.

EliS-hap' iTuis-, unfavourable; O.JST. happi hick], unlucky accident.

Mis-la/ Imis-, wrongly; see Lay], lay on a. ])lace not remembered.

Mis-no'mer Imis-, wrongly, L. nomen, a name], inappropriate name.

Mis-og'a-mist [Gk. misein, to hate, gamoSj marriage], hater of marriage.

Mis-og'y-nist(;7=i) \.'3r'k. misein, to hate, gyno, a woman], woman-hater.

Mis-print^ ["iw-, wrong, and Print], mistake in printing.

Mis-pri'sion (51071=2Are) [pref. onis-^ wi-ongly; see Prize]) culpable neglect regarding the crime or intended crime of another,

Miss 131 Monad Misa [contr. of mi^tres3\t title of an nn-

marricd iToraaiL Miss [O.E. imssan, to miss], failure to hit,

to get, etc ; fill of getting, reaching, etc., feel the •wint of.

Mi3'sal[LateL.7nii;5a7tf, amass book; rmssa^ ma's], mass book

Mis Sile [L. iniltere (p p missus), to seud], weapon for throwmg, capable of being thrown

Mis'sion [L mittcre (p p. missxis\ to send], errand, persons sent, station of mi^Ion-aries,

Mis aon-a-ryi one sent to spread lebgion MIS'BIVC [L. miitcTc (p p. vnssiis), to send],

writmgcontaanmgamessage,oflicnl letter. Mist [O.E. mist; perh. fr. 0 T, imlisioz],

visible watery vapoizr. Mist'y. Mis-take' [tms , ^^Tongly; see Take], take In

a wrong sense, misjudge; a blunder. Mis'ter [see Master], title of courtesy (con-

fciactcd to Ml) prefixed to surname of a man.

His'ilc-toc [OX. mistilian, mistily mistletoe, (071, 1 twig], pinsitiG plant.

Mistress [0]?. 7naistrcsse\ see Master], woman having power, title of courtesy (contracted to Mrs) to a married voraan.

Mis-tnisf \Tms , unfavourable; see Trust], suspicion; to doubt.

Mite pj.Du 7ny(, mite, a very small com, a bit cut off], nnythmg very small, smill com HOW out of use, small mscct in cheese

Mifi-gate pj . mitigare (p p. mitigatus), to mitigate, imli^, mild], soften, lessen

Ml tre [G-k. mitra, a girdle, a turban], kmd of cap worn by bishops

Mit ten, Mitt [r . miiame, mitten; efcyni doubtful], covermg for the hand

Mix [L mixlus, p.p. of Jniscerc^ to mix], imite or blend mto one.

Mix'ture, that which results from mixing Miz'en, Miz'zen [It. rnez^ana, mizcn; L.

medius, middle], hmdmo»t, nearest the stem.

JIfnfr-mon'ic3 [Qk mntmon, mmdful],sj^tem of rules to assist the memory.

Moan [peih cogn x\ith 0 E mctnan, to in­tend, etym dub ], make a dull " ound of p-iin ; low long pamfiil sound

Moat [O.r. mote, a mound, a trench ; efcym doubtful], trench round a castle

Mob [contr. of L mobile vulgus, an easily moved crowd], disorderly crowd , attack m a ciowd

Mo'bile [L mohxliSy mobUe, motcre, to move], movable, easily moved, changmg m CTprcssion. Mobil'ity.

Mo bil-ize [see Mobile], put (troops) m a state of readiness for war. Mobiliza'tion.

Moc'ca-sin [N. Arocr. Ind, mockasnil, American Indian shoe of soft leather.

Mock [0 r . Qnocquer, to mock; etyra doubtful], mimiG m sport, disappomt

Mod (friel); I'^scmbly, meeting Mode [L modiiSt measure, manner], manner,

fashion. Mod'ish.

Mod'el [It modello, model, L modulus, dun. of modus, 1. measure]^ pittern, copy; shape from a plastic m^ten d ; perfect of its kmd.

Mod'er-ate [L. mod-erdn (p p moderatus), to modemte, modus, a meisure], witbm bounds, not extreme; keep \rithm bounds, lessen. Modera'tion.

Mod'e>a-tor, presidmg officer or clergv-man, esp m Presbyterian church courts.

Moi'era [L. inodeni^ts, naodern, 7nodo, jusfc now], relatmg to the present or recent times Mod'ermze.

Mod'est [L. modestus, modest, modus, a measure], not bold or self assertive. Mod'esty.

Mod i-cum [L, m/)d%cus, moderate; modiis, a measure], small quantity.

Mod i-fy [L. modus, a measure, facere, to make], change somewhat, tone down, Modifica'tion.

Mod'u-late [L. moduhts, dim of modus, a measure], vary in a musical manner, pif^ from one key to another. Modula'tion.

Mo'hair [Arab, mulchayyary a coarbc hau-cloth], fabno made from the haur of the Angora goat.

Mo-ham'med-an [fr. Arab. Muhammad, founder of Moslem religion], belongmg to Mohammed or to bis rehgion.

Moi'e-ty [ r . moitie, a half; L. mcdius^ the middle], half, small part.

Moil [O.r, moilher^ to moisten, paddle m mud; L. jnoUis, soft], drudge (toiC and m),

Moire (mKahr) [perh. conn, with Mohair], kmd of Bilk with watered appearance.

Moist [O.P, moiste; etym. dub.], damp. Mois ten.

Mois iuze, that which makes damp. Mo'lar [L. mola, a mdlstonc], griudmj. Mo-las'sea [Port •mela<;Q^ molasses, L.

mcllacetis, made with honey, mcl, honey], treacle.

Mole [0 E. jndl], dark spot on the skm. Mole [M E. mullc, molle, cf M. Du. moV],

burrowing animal. [masonry Mole [L. vidles, a heap], breakwater of More-cole [formerly •molecula; dim of L

moles, a heap], mmute particle of mitter. Mo-lesf [L molcstus^ troublesome], annoj,

harass. Molesta'tion. MolIl-£y [L. moHiSy soft,/acere, to make],

soften. Molliflca'tlon. Mol'lusc, Mollusk [L. TTwllusca, a soft kmd

of nut, violhs, soft], one of a largo class of hard-shelled animals with soft bodies

Molf en (>) [old p p. of Melt], melted, mido of metal that has been me Ited

Mo'ment [L. movtre, to move], pomt of time, force, importance. Mo'mently,

Mo'men-ta-ry, lastmg a very shoi-t time. Mo-men'tou3 [see Moment], very important,

weighty. Mo-men'uum [doublet of Moment], force of a

movmg body. Mon'ad [&k, jnonas (inoTmd-os), a monad;

monos, alone], unit, ultimate unit of bemg.

Monarch i;i2 Morn Mon'arch (ch^k) [Qk. monos^ alone, archciriy

to rule], BoIe cliief ruler. Monar'chical. Blon'arcli-y, state under a monaich, Rj'slem

ia -wliicli ttiG chief rulec is a monarch. Mon'as-ter-y [Gt. tnonasterion; monasein^

to live alone; monos, alone], house for monlss.

Mo-nas'tic [Gk, monastikos, living alone; monos, alone], relating to monjs or monasteries. Monas'ticism.

Mon'day [O.B. monandceg, day of the moon], second day of the week.

Mon'e-ta-ry, relating to money. Moa'ey (o=<l) \h. moneia, a mint, money],

stamped metal used as a medium of exchange, .wealth, Mon'eyed.

Mon'ger (O=M) [L. mango^ a dealer], dealer. Mon'goose, Mun'goose [Marathi, ?na7igus,

animal common in India, able to kill venomous snakes.

Mon'grel [o^^U) [perh. fr. root mem/y mang, moiig (see Mingle'), and rel, dim. sni. showing contempt], anything of mixed breed.

Mo-ni'tion [L. moncre (p.p. moniius)^ to warn], a warning. Mon'itory,

Mou'i-tors one who warns or gives advice, senior pupil in a school having special duties, war vessel.

Monk ip~ii) [Gk. monaclios, solitary, monos, alone], one of a community of men living in a monastery. [man.

Mon'key (p—ii) [?], animal closely iiUied to Monks'hoofl, poisonoas plant, aconite. Mon'o-chrome (ch=k) [G-k. mo7ws, alone,

chroma, colour], painting executed in different tints of one colour.

Mon'o-cle EG-k. monos, sole; L. oculus^ an eye], single eyeglass.

Mon'od-y [Gk. 7nonos, alone, aoid^ song], ode bewEuling somo one's death.

Mo-nog'a-my [Gk. monos, sole, gmnos, marriage], marriage with one person. Mono'gamous.

Mon'o-gram [Gk. monos, sole; grmnvm, a letter], character composed of two or more letters iaterwoven.

Mon'o-graph [Gk. monos, alone, graphein, to write], treatise on a limited subject.

Mon'o-lith [Gk. monos, alone, lithos, a stone], single large stone esp. shaped into a pillar.

Mon'o-logzfe [Gk. monos, alone, logos^ speech], uninterrupted speech in company or alone by one person.

Mon-o-ma'm-a [Gk. monos, alone, mania, madness], mental derangement on one subject.

Mon-o-mefal-lism [Gk, monos, alone, and Metal], system of currency based on one metal.

Mon'o-plane [Gk, monos, alone, and Plane], aeroplane with one plane.

Mon-op'o-lize, engross the whole of. Blon-op'o-ly [Gk. monos, alone, "poleein^ to

sell], exclusive right or possession. JHon-o-syl'la-ble [Gk. monos, alone, syllahe,

a syllable], word of one syllable.

Mon-o-the'ism [Gk. monos, alone, theos, God], belief in one god. Monotheis'tic

Mon'o-tone [Gk. monos, single, tonos, tone], single unvaried tone. Mono'toaous.

Mon-of o-ny, irksome sameness. Mon-soon' [Malay mUsim; Arab, mausim, a

season], seasonal winds of eastern tropics. Mon'ster, Mon-stios'i-ty [L. monstrum, a

portent, monere, to warn], something ol unnatural size, shape, or quality.

Mon'strous, unnatural in size, appearance, etc., horrible.

Month (o=^) [Com. Tent.; O.E. mdnath; cogn. with Moon], one of twelve divisions of the year.

Mon'u-ment [L. monere, to remind], some­thing ivhich stands or remains as a memorial. Monumenfal.

Mood [Com. Teut.; O.E. mdd; cf. Ger. mull, state of mind, manner of expressing action or being as positive, possible, etc.

Mood'y, subject to varying moods, gloomy. Mooa [Com. Teut.; O.lSi.mdna; cogn. with

Gk. men, L. mensis, month], body "which revolves round the earth or other member of the solar system; move listlessly.

Moor [O.E, mdr; O.N. mazr-Tj, waste land with patches of heath.

Moor [M. IJu. mdren, to moor], fix or secure as a vessel.

Moor [F. more, fr. L. 7naiirus ; Gk. mauros^ a native of ancient Slauretania in "N. Africa], one of a Mohammedan people of N.W. Africa. [moored.

Moor'ings, anchor, etc., by which a ship is Moose [N. Amer. Ind. moos, moose],

American elk. Moot [O.E. mdtian, to discuss, mdt, a meeting],

propose for discussion; open to a i lment , undecided,

Mop [L. mappa, a napldn], quantity of yarn on a handle ; rub or wipe as with a mop,

Mope [?], be dull and spiritless. Mo-raiac' [F. Tnoraine, a moraine; cf.

Bavarian mur, sand and broken stones]^ deposit of earth, etc., from a glacier.

Mor'al [L. mSs (mor-is), a custom], relating to right and wrong; inner meanmg; (pi. general conduct, fflor'alist.

Mor-ale' [P.], attitude regarding discipline, danger, etc

Mo-ial'i-ty, doctrine of moral duties, virtue. Mor'al-ize, draw moral lessons. Mo-rass' [Sf.Du. marasch, a marsh], marsh. Mor'hiil tL. morbiis, disease, mofi, to die],

diseased. Morbidity. Mor'dant [L. mordere, to bite], biting, caustic;

a fixing substance used in dyeing. Mo-reen' [?], a strong woollen or woollen an^

cotton material. Mor-gan-at'ic [perh. fr. M.L. morganaticum^

morning-gift], (marriage) between prince and woman of lower rank, whose children cannot succeed their father.

Mor'i-bund fL. mon, to die], dying. Morn, Mom'ing [Com. Teut.; O.E. morgetiJt

first part of the day.

Morocco 133 Muezzin Mo-roc'co [fr. Morocco^ in W. Africa], kind

of flue leather. Mo-rose' [L. tnds (nwris), manner], sullen,

iU-Iiumonred, Morose'ness. Mor'phi-a, Mor'phine [G^ Morpheus^thQ god

of sleep], drug obtained from opium. • Mor-phol'o-gy [&k. moT'phe, form, logos, dis­

course], study of forms of living oi-ganisms, or of words.

Mor'ris, Mor'rice [Sp. Morisco, Moorish], rustic dance. , |'

Mor'roiw [SI.E. monce, moru^ fr. mohoen, morn], the next following day.

Morse [fr. inventor, Morse\ telegraphic and signalling code or alphabet.

Mor'sel [U mordSre (p.p. rnorsus), to bite], little piece, bite of food.

Mor'tal [L. inor's (mort-is), death], subject to death, deadly; one who is subject to death, human being,

Mor-tal'i-ty, state of being mortal, death-rate.

Mor'tar [L. mortdrium, a mortar], vessel in which substances are pounded, short cannon for firing shell at a high .angle, cement) of lime and sand.

Mori'gage [O.F. mortgage, lit. dead pledge, fr. mort, dead, gage, a pledge], contract pledging property as security for debt.

Mor-ti-fl-ea'tion, death of part of a'body, humiliation, vexation, (in Scots law) land given for religious, charitable, or public uses.

Mor'ti-fy[L. mors (mort-is), death,/acere, to make], deaden, humble.

Mor'tise [F.^nortaise; etym. doubtful], hole in a piece of timber cut to receive the end of another part.

Mor'tu-ar-y [L. mortuarius, Tnortuus, dead], building in which dead bodies arekeptfor a time.

Blo-sa'ic [SIX. mosaicus, mosaic; Late Q-k. mousHos, belonging to the Muses, Moma, a Muse], inlaid work of marble, etc., in patterns.

Moslem (s=z) [Arab. musUm, a Moham­medan, musaUim, one who acquiesces, isldnif submission to the will of God], Mohanmiedan. '

Mosiii e (2=A:) [Arab, masgid, masjid, a temple, sagada, to worship], Mohammedan house of prayer.

Mos-^m'to (gui=fcfie) [Sp. trwsgmio^ dim. ot mosca (L, mused), a fly], stinguig gnat.

Moss [O.E. mos, bog], flowerless plant, bog. Mote[O.E. nio;,perh. cogn, withDu. mot, dust

from turf], small particle. Mo-tet' [P. dim. of moti, a sacred musical

composition of several movements. Moth [O.E. motlithe], nocturnal insect. Moth'er (p=il) [Com. Teut.; O.E. mddor'], a

female parent, Moth'e>hood (oth^atJi), state of being a

mother, Mother oi jsearl, smooth iridescent sub­

stance forming inner lining ,of certain shells.

Moth'er-in-law (oth^-^tli), husband's or wife's mother,

Mo'tion [li. movere (p.p. mStus), to move], movement, formal proposal; to make a gesturQ with the hand.

Mo'tive [L, movere (p.p. m5tus), to move], that which incites to action, leading theme in work of art,

MofleyC?], consisting of different colours. Mo'tor [L. movere (p.p. motus), to move],

source of moving power, as steam, elec­tricity, etc., carriage moved by such power,

Mot'tlefl [?], spotted with dif!erent colours, Mot'to [It. -motto, a motto; L. mnmim, a

murmur], short expression of a leading thought, maxim adopted as rule of conduct.

TUloicld ^ [O.E., moMe, soil], soft fine earth. Mould 2 [M.E. muwle, to grow moiUdy],

fungus growth. Mould3 pv. modulus, a mould], shape; to

shape, [dust. Mould'er [perh. fr. Moulds], crumble into Mottld'ing, plane or curved narrow surface

used for decoration in cornices, etc, MouH'y, overgrown with mould, musty. Moult [L. mutare, to change], cast feathers. Mound [?], raised bank, hillock. Mount [L. mons (mont-u), a hill], mountain,

that upon which a drawing, etc., is set, horse; climb, raise into position, put (picture) in a mount, fit (on metal).

Moun'tain [L. mons (mont-is), a mountain], large hilU Moun'tainous.

Moun-taln-eer , one who lives among mountains, mountain climber.

Mount'e-bank [It. montamhancOt moutdre, to mount, in, on, and banco, a bench], quack, boastful pretender.

Mourn (ou==B) [Com, Teut,; 0,E. murnan]^ grieve. Moum'ful,

Moum'ing, sorrow, dress to indicate sorrow. Mouse [Com. Teut. ; O.E. mtis], small gnaw­

ing animal. Mous-tache' [F. moustache*, lb. mostaccio\

Gk. mmtax, a moustache], thick hair on the upper lip.

Mouth [Com. Teut.;' O.E. jniith']^ opening between the lips, opening afCording en­trance or exit,

Mouth (th as in the), utter with an affectedly big voice.

Move [L. movere, to move], change place or posture, excite, piopose; m.OTcment, MoVahle, [down.

Moiw [O.E. mdioan^ past tense meow], cut Moif [O'E. rnUga], stack; place in a bam

where hay is heaped. Mu'ci-lage [L. mucus, slime], gummy liquid, Mu'cous. sluny. Mu'cus [L. milciis, mucus of the nose], sticky

substance secreted by mucous membrane. Mud [M.B. mode, mudde, moist earth, Mud'dle [from Mud], mix confusedly, render

stupid; confusion, Mu-ez'zin [Arab, mu^adhdhin, a pubUo crier;

adhan, a call to prayer], crier of the Moham­medan hours of prayer.

Muff 134 Musty

MuS [peril. "Walloon mouffe^ short fonn of ^ . moujle], cover usuaUy of lar £or Uie hands.

Mnfl [?], awkward or effeminate pei^on. Muffin [?], ligltt spongy cake. MufflB [O.F. mofle, moufie, a mitten, mnIX;

Med. L. muffula, a muliE], vrrap up, deaden. MuH'ler.

Mu£'ti [Arab.^/iw/i?,part, of afla.to decide a point of law], ilohammedan priest; plain clothes as distiugusihcd from xmiform.

Mug [Swed. inn^g\ Norw. muggat mugge^ a mus], cylifldrical drinMng-cup.

Mug's? [O.N. mugga, driz^ing mist], warm and damp.

Mu-lafto [Sp. inulato^ a young mule, a mulatto], oSspring of a white person and a negro.

Mul'ber-ry [O.H.G. mulheH\ L. mornm, mulberry, and beri, berry], tree of which the leaves feed silkworms ; its fruit.

Mulch (mnitsh) [M.B. molsh\ mixture of web straw, leaves, and earth spread on ground to protect roots of newly-planted trees, etc.

Mulct Xh. mulcta, mnlta, a fine], a fine; to fine,

Mule [L. mUlus^ a mule], cross between a horse and an ass. Mul'ish.

MuU [perh. Gael. maol% promontory. Mull [?J, heat, sweeten and add spices to. Mul'lah [Pers., Turk., and Hind, inulla;

Axab. mania, a mullah], Mohammedan priest or theologian.

Mullet [F. mulct, dim. fr. L. midlus, the red mullet], name of two kinds of iishes.

Mul'li-ga-taw'ny [Tamil milagu-tannir, lit. pepper-water], B. Indian curry soup.

Mul'hon [corruption of munnion; F. moignon, a stump], upright division between tlic lights of windo'^s.

Mul-ti-fa'ri-ous [L. miiUuSf many, /(7r?, to speak], of many Muds.

Mul'ti-£orm [L. miiltus, many, forma, form], having many forms.

Mul'ti-ple [3J. multiplex^ manifold; see Multiply], quantity containing another quantity an exact nimiber of times.

MiU-ti-pli-cantl', number to be multiplied. Mul-ti-pli-ca'tion, process oi multiplying. Mul-ti-pli'ci-ty (9» state of being many. Mul'ti-ply [F. multiplier, to multiply; L.

muUtis (muU-i), many, plicare (p.p. plicatus), to fold], increase in number, add (a number) to itself a certain number of times.

Mul'ti-tude [L. multUMo (muUitMin-is), multitude; multus, many], great many persons or things.

Mul-ti-tu'di-nons, consisting of a multitude. Mum [imit.], silence 1 silent; to act in dumb

show. [closed lips. Mum'ble [M.B. morncle], speak with partly Mum'mer [O.F. 7nomcr, to mum], one •nho

makes sport in disguibe. Blum'mery. Mum'rQy.[/Vrab. milTTiiya, amuimny, fr. mSr?i,

was], dead body embalmed. Mum'mify, Mump [emphatic form of mum', to sulk.

Mumps [see Mump], iaflammation of the salivary glands.

Munch (011=811) [prob. imit.], chew ener­getically. . [earthly.

Muu'dane [L. mimdus, the world], worldly, Mu-ni'ci-pal [L. municeps (inUnicip-isX a

free citizen; mzmia, official diities, capere^ to take], pertaiuhig to a city. Muni-cipal'ity.

Mu-nifi-cent [L. munificus, bountiful, munus, a gift, facere, to moke], very generous. Munificence.

Mu-ni'tion [L. mUnUio, a defendJug, mumre^ to defend], military stores.

Mu'ral L. mfirus, a wall], pertaining to a wall. Mur'der [O.B. mordhor; cf. Goth, maurthr;

cogn. with L. mori, to die], wilful killing of a human being; kill wilfully. Mur'deroug.

Murk'y CO.N. myrkr; Dan. and Swed. mork, dark, murky], dark, gloomy, Murk'iness.

Mui'mur [L. murmuTare., to murmur, imit.], low continued sound, complaint; utter a murmur.

Mur'rain [F. morine, perh. fr. h. mori, to die], plague among cattle.

Mus-cad-eV, Mus-cat-el', Mus'ca-fline [ult. fr. L. musctiSj musk], strong wiaes from musk-flavoured kinds of grape.

Mus'cle [L. musculus, dim. of vuls, a mouse], fleshy part of the body wliich by its con­traction produces motion.

Mus'cu-lar, pertaining to a muscle, strong. Muse^ [O.F. 7nuse., the mouth, a muzzle;

see Muzzle], think closely, meditate. Bluse 2 [L. mUsa; G-k. mousa], one of nine

goddesses of the arts. Mu-se'um (s—z) [Gk. mouseion^ a temple of

the Muses], place where scientific, natural, or other curiosities are kept.

Mush'room [F. mousseron, extended from moiisse, moss], edible fungus.

Hu'sio [Gk. mousikcy music; see Muse2], the fine art which deals with the har­monious combination of sounds or tones, beautiful sound, melody. Mus'ical,

Mu-si'cian (ci=s1i), one skilled in music. Husk [L. mmcits j Late Gk. moscJios, musk],

strong scent, kind of plant. Mus'ket [It. moschetto, orig. a kind of hawk],

Jiand-gim. Musketeer'. Mus'lin (s=s) [It. mussolina^ ir. Mosul in

Mesopotamia], thin cotton cloth. Mua'sel [O.E. muscle, fr. L.L. musculo],

bivalve shell-fish. [mented. Must [L. miiMiis, ne^v], now wine uufer-Must [O.E. mdste, past of mdt, may], be

obliged (to). Mus'tang [Sp. mestengo \ perh. fr. mcHa^ a

company of gi-aziers], wild horse of the prakies.

Mus'tard [O.F. mostarde, mustard; li. laustum, _must], plant with pungent seeds.

Mus'ter [O.F. mostrer • F. mmitrer, fr. L. mi>nstrUTe,%o show], a^embling ol troops, gathering; assemble, as troops for parade.

Mua'ty [?], spoiled by age, mouldy.

Mutability 136 Nascent Mu'tarbil'i^ty, liability to change. Mu'ta-We [L. mUture, to change], changeable, Mu-ta'tion [L. mutare (p.p. mutdttis), to

change], change. fflIute[L.miiiM5, dumb], silent, dumb ; dumb

person; paid attendant at a funeral. Mu'ti-late [L. mutilvs. maimed], maim, hack, Hu-ti-neer' [F, mutiny rebellious, lUt, fr.

L. movere^ to move], one guilty of mutinj. Mu'ti-ny [(old verb mutine); see Mutineer],

a rising against authority; revolt. Mufinous,

Mat'ter [prob. imifc.], utter indistinctly and in low tones.

Mut'ton [0.]?. moton; Low L. mulio^ a sheep], flesh of a sheep used as food.

Mu'tu-al [L, muituis, mutual, muiare, to change], interchanged, joint, reciprocal.

Musfzle [0.]?. mnsel, muzzle; Qtig. doubtful], the part o£ an animal's head which in­cludes the nose and mouth, covering for the muzzle; bind the mouth of,

My-op'i-a (o) [Gk. myo, shut, op5, the eye], short-sightedness,

3fyi'i-ad IQ'k. myrias imynad-os)^ lO^QOO; myrios, numberless], ten thousand, great number,

Myi'mi-don [Gk, Myrmidones^ a warlike people of Thessaly who followed Achilles to Troy], follower or servant (often in a bad sense).

Myr?'^ [Gk, myrra, myrrh; Arab, mwrr, bitter, myrrhj, aromatic gum resin.

Myr'tle [L. myrtus; Qk. myrtos\y evergreen shrub.

Mys-te'ri-ous, full of mystery. Mysfter-y [Gk. mystes, one who is initiated;

myein, to initiate], something unknown or concealed or that cannot be explained.

Mys'tic [Gk. Tnysticos, a mystic], one who seeks by contemplation or complete self-surrender to attain union ^vith God.'

Mys'tie-^, belonging to the spiritual or hidden side of things,

Mya'ti-cism, doctrine bf the Mystics, who held that they had direct intercourse with God.

Mys'ti-fy [Gk. mysticos, mystic, and P. 'fier, for L. facerc^ to make], make obscui-e, puzzle. Mystifioa'tion.

ISyth [Gk. wythos, a fable], wonder story of a god, hero, etc,; fictitious person or thing,

Myth'ic-al, described in a myth, imaginary. Myth-oro-gy [Gk, mythos, a fable, logos, a

discourse], science of myths, body of myths. Mytixolog'icaL

N Na'bob (more correctly Natcab'j [Urdu

naicaby or nawwdbl^ a nabob], Moham raedan governor of a pi"ovince under the Mogul empire, wealthy Anglo-Indian.

Na'cre (nai-ker) [Sp. and Port, nacar, nacre], mother-of-pearl.

Na'dir (a=aO [Arab, nadir, short for nadtr M (7j-5(?m(, from narfTr, corresjionding to, and ' ' essemtf the zenith], point in the heavens opposite the zenith, lowest point,

Nag [?], small horse, Nag [obs. ICGI. nagga, to complain; Swed.

and Norw. nagga, to peckj, find fault constantly.

Nai'ad (ai~t) l&k. naias (naiad-os), a naiad; naein, to fiow], water nymph.

Nail [O.E, nwgel; O.N. 7iagl\ homy plate on a finger or a toe, pointed piece of metal with a head; to fasten with nails.

Nain'sook [Urdu nainsukTi^ nainsook, nain^ eye, and sukh^ pleasure], thick Mnd of muslin,

Naiye (na-eev') [F. nai'f (tern, nai've), naive j L. nativuSy native], ingenuous, artless. NaiVety.

Na'ked [O JG. nacod, ncecad], uncovered, bare. Nam'by-pam'by [fi". name of pastoral poet,

Ambrose Philips'], insipidly pretty, weak and sentimental.

Name[0.E.7iama; cogn, withL.Komim; Gk. OHoma], that by which a person" or thing is called, a title; to call. Namely.

Name'sake, one called after another, or having the same name xis another.

Nan-keen'' [fr. Nankin in China], tliick yellow cotton cloth,

Nap [O.E, knappiari], short sleep ; to take a short sleep.

Nap [M.Du, Tioppe, alKed to O.E. hnoppian, to pluck], the woolly surface of cloth, pile.

Nape [?], back part of the neck. Na'per-y [O.P. naperie; see Napkin], tablo

linen, linen in general, Naph'tha [L. and Gk. naphtha, naphtha],

inflammable distillation of mineral oil and coal-tar. Naph'tbaline.

Nap'kin [Late L. nappa, for tnappa, a cloth; suf, -kin"], little towel for wiping lips or fingers.

Nar-cis'sus (pi. -ssuses or-ssi) [Gk. nardssos^ a narcissus, named from its narcotic pro­perties], bulbous flowering plant,

Nar-COf ic [Gk, narcoticosy benumbing, naree, numbnessj, sleeping drug; inducing sleep. [balsam.

Naid [Gk. nardos\ oriental origin], aromatio Nar'gAil-e [Pers. nargilch, nargil, a coco-nut],

Eastern pipe in which the smoke is passed through water.

Nar-rate' [L. narrdre (p.p. narrattis'), to narrate], tell, as a story. [story.

Nar-ra'tion, Nar'ra-iave [L. •narrdlio'], account, Nar'iO'u; [O.E. ncaru; cf. Du. naar, dismal],

of little breadth; to become or make less broad.

Nar'wlial [perh. fr. O.N. n&kvalr% ndr, corpse, aud hvalr, whale], kind of whale with straight horn(s) tleveloped from one or both teeth.

Na'sal (s=2) [L. nasus, nose], pertaining to the nose. Nas'alize.

Nas'cent [L. nasci (pr.p. nasce>u,-entis\ to be born], beginning to exist or grow.

Nasturtium 136 Neologism Nas-tni'ti-um (ti=shi) [L. nastuHium;

Tidsus, nose, and torquere, to twist], Indian cress.

Nas'ty [etym. doubtful; cf, dial. Swed. naskug, nasty, dirty], foul, offensive, un­pleasant, Nas'tiness.

Na'tal (nat) [L. nUtus^ bom], of or pertaining to one's birth.

Nat-a'tion [L. natarc, to swim], swimming. IJa'tion (iiai) [L. nasci (p.p. ndtus), to be

born], body ot inhabitants of a country, Na'tionalize.

Na-tion-al'i-ty (jia\ national character. Ka'tive nai) [L. ndtus, born], pertaining to

place of birth, in-born; one wl o is born in a place.

Na-tiv'i-ty, birth, horoscope. Nat'ion [F. and Sp. natron; Arab, natran ;

Grk. Qiitron; see Nitre], native carbonate of soda,

Nat'ty [?], spruce, trim, daintily tidy. Kaf u-rai, fixed by nature, not artificial;

an idiot, a character in music. Nat'u-ral-ist, student of natural histoi7_. Nat'u-ral-izc, admit to rights of a native. Na'tura [L. natiira, nature, Tuiins, born],

existing order of things, quality of mind or character.

wiht, whii], nothing. [ness. Nau.9/t'ty [fr= Naught), perverse. Naught'i-Nau'se-a [Olc vmisia, sea-sickness, naus^ a

ship], feeling of siclmi^s. Nau'seate, Nau'aeous.

Nau'tic-al [Gk. nautes, a sailor, naus, a ship], pertaming to seamen or ships.

Nau'ti-lus [GIJ:. Tiautilos, a sailor, a nautilus], kind of shell-fish, [navy.

Na'val [L. ndvis^ ship], having to do with the Nave [Com. Tout.; O.B, TiafiC]^ block in the

centre of a wheel. Nave [L. «5ri5, ship], main part of a church. Na'vd [Com. Tout.; O.B. Jw/fZa], depression

in centre of abdomen, centre of anytliing. NaVi-gate [L. ndvigSre (p.p. navigatus), to

naTigate; Tiavis, ship], pass over in sliips, steer. Naviga'tion.

Nav'i-ga-tor, one skilled in seamanship, explorer of the seas, one employed in work of excavating and constnicting canals, etc.

Nav'vy [abbr. of Navigator], labourer on excavations (for railways, canals, etc.).

Na'vy [O.F. 7iaviej navy; L. nam, ship], warships of a nation, a fleet.

Na-wab', see Nabob. Nay [O.K. and Dan. nei; cogn. with No], no. Naze [E.], ness, headland. [lowest tides). Neap [O.E. nip n^pjldd']^ low (applied to the Near [orig, corap. of «(i==O.E. ntxihf nigh], to

or at a short distance. Near-sight'etl, short-sighted. Neat [OB. nca(], cattle. Neat [F. net (fem. netle), neat; L. nitidus,

shining, nitere^ to shine], trim, free from admixture.

Neb [O.E. ncbhl, nose, beak.

Neb'u-la [L. nebula, mist], a patch of light made by a clubter of distant stars or distant gaseous matter. Neb'ular,

Neb'u-loug, cloudy, hazy. Ne'ces-sa-ry [L. necesse, to bo needful], such

as most be. Ne-ces'si-tous, needy-Ne-ces'si-ty [L. vieecsse, to be needful], need,

that which is necessary. Necea'sitate. Neck [O.B. hnccca], slender connectmg part. Neck'lace, ornamental neckband. Nec'ro-man-ey [G-k. necromantfia, necro­

mancy, nccros, corpse, rnantcia^ prophetic power], sorcery. Necioman'tie.

Ne-crop'o-lis [Gk. mcros, corpse, 'polis, city], cemetery.

Nec'tar [L. and Gk. nectar^ nectar], drink of the gods, honey of iiowera.

Nec'tar-ine [orig. adj. irom nectar', smooth-skinnad peach,

Need [Com, Teut,; O.E. niedj, state that requires supply or relief; be in want of.

Need'le [O.E. nccdl; cf. Ger. nahm, to sow ; prob, cogn. with %>. nere, to spin], pointed instrumentj esp. with eye to receive thread for semng, magnetised steel bar in mariner's compass.

Needs, of necessity.

Ne-fa'ri-ous [L, ijefas, that wliich is wrong; n8, not and/a5, law], wicked. [denial.

Ne-ga'tion IJ-i.tiegare (p.p. negatus), to deny], Neg'a-tiv(?, denying, not positive; denial, a

word used in denial, in photography a picture on glass in which dark appears light and light dark; to counteract, reject.

Neg-lecf [L. ncglegerc (p.p. neglectus), neg~, not, legere, to gather], omit, slight; want of care or attention.

Neg'li-gence [see Neglect], lack of diligence or care. Neg'ligible.

Ne-go'ti-ate, Ne-go'ei-ate (f=c=570, [L. Ticgotmm, business; 7i€g-, not, olvum, ease], baigain or trade, conduct communications.

Ne-go-ti-a'tion, transaction of business between nations or traders, a treaty.

Ne'gro, fem. Ne'gresS [Sp. '/icgro; L. jifper, black], person ol the Airican or black race. Ne'gTOid.

Ne'gus [fr. Oolonel ]!7'egiis'], mixture of wine, hot water, sugar, find spice.

Neiff Cnay) [O.B. ftnceffrtn,imit,], make tlie cry of a liorse; the cry of a horse.

NeiffA'bour [O.B. 7ieah^ near, bUr, or gebur, a husbandman], one who lives near another.

Nei77 'bou^-hood, state of being near, dLstrict round about,

Nei'ther (ei~ee or 0 [M.B. neyther]^ (with nor) not the one or the other,

Nem'es-is [Gk. nemesis, nemesis, nemein, to distribute], goddess of vengeance, just retribution.

Ne-o-lith'io [Gk. jicos, new ; lithos, a stone], belonging to the later Stone Age.

Ne-o'log-ism, Ne-ol'o-Efy l^- fr. Gk. neos, new, logos, word], coining or use of new words

Neophyte 137 Nomad Ne'o-phyte [Crk. neosy new, phjein, to gio\\],

anew con\tit. Ne-penthe [Gk. ne, not, penthosj grief], a

diug ijroducmg forgetfulnetss. Neph ew (jph=i) [L nepos (nepot is\ nephew,

grandson], the eon of brother or sister. Nep'o-tism [see Nephew], patronage to rela­

tions Ner'e-id (neer i-id) [Gk. Nereis, daughter of

sea-god l?iereus], sea-aymph. Nerve [L nenus^ perh. alhed to Gfc neuron^

a sinew], fibre or a bundle of fibres con­nected Tvath the brain which transmits feeling, resolution, courage ; give vigour.

Ner'vous, relating to the nerves, weak nerved; (old meaning) sinewy,

Ne'sciencB (sci^sJi) [L nescire (pr.p. neseiens, -entts)y not to know; ng, not, sclrey to know], ignorance.

Ness [O.E. iices\ O.N. -nes], cape. Nest [O.E.; cogn, with L md?«], structure

made by a bird to lay eggs in; build a nest. Nes'rte [0.15. ncsthan], to he close and snug. Nesi ling, bird too young to leave the nest, Net 1 [Com.Teufc.; O.E. nt:i(0],fabrioof inter­

woven twine or the like, forming meshes. Net 2 [P. net, pure], free from ah charges. Neth'er [O.E. neothera, nether], lower. Nettle [Com. Teut ; 0 E. Tuicle^ stmgmg

plant; irritate. Neu-ral'gi-a [G-k. neuron^ nerve; algos, pain],

intermittent nervous pam, Neur-as-the'ni-a [Gt neiiron, nerve, asthenes,

weak], neivous debility. Neu-iot ic [Gk. tieuTon, nerve], suffermg

from disordered nerves. Neu'ter [L. neuter, neither, TIC, not, liter,

either], neither active nor passive, neither masculine nor feminme,

Neu'tral [L. neutralis, neutral, see Neuter], indifferent, on neither side. Neutral aiy,

Neu tral-ize, render neutral, counterbalance, Nev-er-the-less' [O.E. nc, not, cefre, ever;

Ixssa, less], not the less, yet, notwith-standmg.

New [Com TeuL ; 0 I] tt^zce], first made, m-yented, etc., fresh, additional, modern.

New-fan gled [il E. neu-ejangel, newe, new, and fangel, prob fr. 0 H/fangol, inclined. to take], fond of novelty, new-fashioned.

News [transl. of ]?. nouvelles, news, pi. of O.r. notel, new], tidings.

News'parper, public print with news, etc Newt [for an ewt; O E efela, a lizard], lizard-

like aquatic animal, eft Nib [var. of Neb], a point, esp of a pen. Nib'ble [freq of Nip], bite by httle at a time;

small bite. Nice [O.F. ?nce, orig ignorant; L nescius,

Ignorant], dainty, particular, pleasing Ni ce-ty, delicacy of feehng, a minute dis

tinction, extreme precision. Niche (cherish) [It. mccMa, a niche, nicchio,

a sea-shell], recess in a -nail Nick [?]) notch, exact point; to notch Nick'el [Ger, mdel, nickel], silver-white

metah

Nick'nack [var. of Kmck-knack], tufle, timket.

Nick'name [for an ekenanie, Eke and Name], name given m sport.

Nie'c-tine C^ne=e€n) [from Mcot, who firet sent tobacco into Prance], alkaloid in tobacco,

Niece [S*. mece, niece; L. neptis, grand­daughter, mece], daughter of one'& brother orsistei. [ness,

Nig'gard-ly [?], miserly, stmgy. Nig'gatdli-Nig'gle[perh,fr,Kor. mgla, trifle with work,

go too much into detail. Nigh [O.E, niaJt], near, Nighl [Com. Teut.; 0 E, mht, time fiom

sunset to sunrise. Nighfin-gale [O.E, mUegale, mht, night,

galan, to smg], bnd that sings at night. Night^mare [O.E. nxht, m^ht, ma.rey au

mcubus], condiuion m sleep accompanied by oppressive dreams.

Nighfshade, plant with poisonous berries. Nig'nt-ude [L, mgntudol, blackness Ni'hll-jsfc [L. nihil, nothmg], Eussian re­

volutionary. Nim'ble [0 E. numol, fi nwmn, to take],

quick and light, [halo Nim'bus [L. nimbus, a cloud], rain cloud, Nin'com-poop [?], senseless person. Nine [O.E. ttiffon; cf L ?iovem2, one more

than eight. [and ten. Nine'teen [Nine and -teen, ten], sum of rune Nine'ty [Nme and -ty, tens], nme times ton. Nip [M.E. nippen, for knippen, cf Du.

kiiijpcn, to pinch], pmch, bli&t as by frost.

Nip'pers, small pmcers. Nip'ple [?], teat. Nir-va'na va=iali) [Skr ], Buddhist state of

beatitude, calm. Nit [0 E, hmtu], egg of a louse. Ni'trate, a salt formed by combination mth

mtno acid. Ni'tre [Gk. mtron, mtre], saltpetre. Ni'tro-gen [Nitie and Gk. genua ein, to gener­

ate], elementary gas Nitro'genous. No-bil'i-ty, quality of being noble, coilecfcivc

body of nobles. No'ble [ij« nobilis, noble, fr ig)no, (g)noscere,

to know], of exalted rank, exalted m character, grand ; person of rank.

Noc-tur'nal [L. nox (noct w), night], pertain­ing to night.

Noc tume, a dreamy piece of music, night-scene (m pamtmg),

Nod, [?], bend the head; quick downward or forward motion of the head

Node [E. nodits, a knot], knot, knob. No daL Nod'ule, small knot or knob, Noise [O.r, noise, nose, a debate, noise;

etym, doubtful], toad, unmusical sound, dm; spread by rumour,

Noisome some=sum) Lfr. obs. noy, for An­noy], hurtful, unwholesome.

No'mad [Gk. nomas (nomad-os'), nomad; nomas, a pasture, Tiemein, to assign], one of a wandermg tribe,

Nomadic 138 Numerator No-mad'io, moving from place to place. No'men-cla-tuTQ [L. ndmen, name, caldre, to

call], system of names. Nom'i-nal [IJ. tidnien (nomin-is), a name],

existing in name only. Kom'i-nate U-i. nominare (p.p. ndminatv^),

to nominate, noinen, a name], name, propose by name. Nomina'tion.

Nom'i-naptivc, naming (said of the subject). Nom-i-nee' [L iiOmcn (ndmin-is)y a name],

one proposed for election. [age). Non'age [L. iwi-j not \ see Age], minority (in Non-a-ge-na'ri-an [L. Tionageni^ ninety

each; nonaginta., ninety], person ninety years old, or between ninety and a IiLmdred,

Nonce [for " (the) nonce "=then once], one single occasion.

Non'eharlant (ck=sh) [O.F. Twncltaloir (pr.p. 7ioiichalant\ to be careless; «on-, not, ckaloir (L. calere\ to glow], indifferent. Non'chalance.

Non-eou-fonn'ist [L. non-^ not; see Conform], one who does not conform to an established church,

Kon'de-scripi [L. non-, not; see Describe], person or thing not easily described; hard to describe.

Non-en'ti-ty [L. non-^ not; see Entity], non­existence, person of no account.

None'such, Hon'sucU [nmie (or "«oio7ie"), and Such], person or thing without equal.

Non-par-eiT [F,]) matchless; peerless person or thing, very small size of type.

Non'plus [L. «on-5 not, plus, more], to puzzle. Non'sense [L. tion-^ not; see Sense], that

which has no sense, absurdity. Non-seu'sical.

Non'suit [A.F. nonsiUe\t stoppage of a suit by a judge.

Koo'dle [?1, blocMiead. Nook [?], corner, secluded place. Noon [L. nona (liOra)^ ninth (hour), orig.

3 p.m.], midday. Noose (se=ss or z) [Gascon, nwj, nooso; L.

nOdaw, Imot], runnmg knot or loop. Norm [I/, norma, carpenter's square], pattern,

rule, standard. Nor'mal [L. normSlis, fr. Twrma, a i"ule],

according to a rule or standard, usual, Nortli [Com. Tent.; O.E. nonft\, point of the

horizon directly opposite the nudday sun. North'er-lj, towards the north, from the

north (in speaMng of wind). Nose is=z) [O.E. nosu; cf. Ness], organ of

smell, used also in speaMng and breathing ; smell out.

Nose'gay, bunch of fragrant fioweis. Nos-tal'gi-a (?=j) iOik, nostos, return home,

algoSy pain], homesicjmess. Nos'trii [O.E, nostkyrl; nosu, nose, and

(/tj rcZ, perforation], opening in nose admit­ting air,

Nos'trum [L, neut. of noster, our], quaclc mediciae.

No'ta-ble, noticeable, worthy of nolico; person of distinction. Notabil'ity,

-No'ta-ry [see Note], public officer who wit­nesses and certiflos formal document?.

No-ta'tion [see Note], any system of char­acters,

Notch [O.P, ocTie; F. Jioche, a notch; with an (n) prefixed, a (n)oche], hollow cut into anything; cut or make niclrs.

Note [L. nota, a mark ; 7ioture (p.p. notatus), to note], mark, short written remark, short letter; remark, to record in writing.

No'thing (p=ii) [No and Thing], not anything. No'tice [L. noscero (p.p. iiOltis']^ to know],

note, warning, regard; remark, make comments on. Notice'aWe,

No'ti-fi-a-hle, (of diseases) that must be notified to autliorities.

No'ti-iy [L. TWtificare, to give notice, nStus, known, facere (JE).p./actus), to make], give notice. Notifiea'tion,

No'tion [see Notice], an idea, inclination, No-to'ri-ou3 [L. noscere (p.p. notus\ to know],

noted, esp. in a bad sense. Notori'ety. Nof^with-stand'ing, in spite of. Nomi [O.F. 7iun; F, Tiom; L, n5men, a

name], word used as a name (in grammar]. Nour'ish [h. niltrlre-, to nourish], to feed and

cause to grow. Nour'ishment. Nov'el [IJ. novellus, dim. of novus^ new], new ;

a fictitious tale. Novelette'. Nov'el-ist, a writer of novels. Nov'el-ty, newne^, a new thing. Nov-em'ber [L. novem, nine], eleventh month

(Uoman ninth). ^ov'ice (ice=iss) \IJ. Tiovicius, novice, novus,

new], a beginner, candidate for admission into a religious order,

No-vi'ci-ate, No-vi'ti-ate ((=5^) [see Novice], state of being a novice, time of instruc­tion for a novice,

No'wise [No and Ways], in no way. Nox'ious iiioJcfshus) [L. iwxius, hurtful, noxa,

hurt], hurtful, corrupting, Noz'de [dim. of Nose], snout, projecting vent. Nu'cle-US [L. nucleus, dim. of nua: (nUc-is)^

nut], kernel, a central mass. Knde [L. nS.diis, naked], na,ked. Nu^'ity. Nudge [?]> touch gently as with the elbow. Nn'ga-to-ry [L. w^gce, trifles], trifling. Nug get [?], lump, esp. of precious metal. Nui'gance [P, nuire (pr.p. nuisant); L.

jwcere, to hurt], something oHensive or aanoying,

Null [L. nullus, none; ne, not, ullus, any], void, useless,

Nul'lah [Hind, nalal, water-course. Nolii-Sy [L. nullus, none, facere, to make ,

make void, cancel. Nul'lity, Num& [earlier num, p.p. of archaic O.E,

mmo;Witotake],witiioutfeeling; to deaden. Num'ber [F, nombre ; L. numerus, number],

that which can bo counted, a unit or aggregate of units, many ; count, amount to. [number.

Nu'mer-al, figure or symbol to cxpres a Nu-mer-a'tion, the act of numbering. Nu'mer-a-tor, one who numbers, the figure

above the line in a vulgar fraction.

Numerical 139 Observe Nu-mer'ic-al, Ku'mer-al, denoting number. Nu'mer-ous, of great number, Nu-mis-mat^ics [Gli. nomisma (numismat'Os\

current coin, nomos^ custom], study of coins and medals. Numis'matist.

Num'skull [see Numb], dolt, blockhead. Nun [Late L. nonna, iexa. oi nonnuSt moui],

•woman, set apart for a religious life, who lives in a convent.

Nun'ci-o ic=sh) [It. mmcio ; L. nujuim, a messenger], pope's ambassador at a foreign coui-t.

Nun'ne-ry, house for nuns. Nup'tial (ti=si) [L. miptice (pi.), a wedding,

nubsre (p.p. nwptus% to marry], connected with marriage.

Nup'tiala, marriage. Nurse [L. nUtrix (nutrU-is), a nurse], one

who has the care of young children or sick people; nourish, take care of. i

Nurs'er-yj-room for children, place for young plants.

Nur'ture [L. nUirire (p.p. nuirUtts), to nourish], nourishment, upbiinging j nourish, bring up.

Nut [Com. Teut.; O.E. hnuiu], fruit with kernel in a hard covering, smaU perforated metal block for screwing on a bolt, etc.

Nut'meg [P. noix mvscade; Med. L. nux muscdta, musky nut], aromatic seed of an East Indian tree.

Nu'tri-ment [see Nurture], food. [ing. Nu-tri'tion [see Nurture], process of nourish-Nu-tri'tiou3 (ti=sh), Nu'tri-tive, nourishing. Nymph [Gk. nymphe, a nymph], elemental

female being of the sea, streams or woods, graceful young girl.

Oaf [var. of obs. «?</, fr. O.N. dJfr^ elf], de­formed or idiot cliild, lout. .

Oak [Com. Teut.; O.E. dc], kind of tree with strong wood.

Oalc'um [O.E. dcuinba, tow, d-, out, and cemharty to comb], material got by untwist­ing and picking old rope. [ing.

Oar [O.E. and O.K. ar]^ implement for row-0-a'sis, O'a-sis, ipl.) Oases [E. and Gk. oasis;

of Egypt, orig.], fertile spot in a desert. Oath [Com, Teut.; O.E. a;/(], declaration

made in the name of God, profane ex­clamation. ' [grain.

Oatg CO'E. ate; etym. doubtful], kind of Ob'du-rate [L. 06, against, durus, hard], hard­

hearted, stubbornl3' %vicked. Ob'duracy. O-be'di-ence, act of obeying. O-bei'sance ci=ai) [see Obey], expression of

respect, bow. Ob'e-Iisfc [Gk. obeliscos, dim. of obelos, a spit],

four-sided upright pillar terminating with a pyramid.

O-bese' [L. 06, away, edere (p.p. estis), to eat], fat.

O-be'si-ty (e—ee), excessive fatness.

O-bey' ^y=a.i) [L. obMvre^ towards; o5-, / ^ towards, audlre^ to hear], comply with the ^ orders of, yield.

Ob-fus'cate [L. obfuscdre (p.p. obfuscutus); o&, near,/iwcM5, brown], darken, bewilder.

O-bit'u-a-ry [1J» obittts^ death; 06, against, ire (p.p. iius), to go, porfcaining to a death ; notice of a person deceased.

Ob-jecf [L. objectarey freq. of objicere, to cast towards, 06, against, jaccre, to throw], oppose in words.

Ob'ject, anything set before the sight or the mind, person exciting pity, that towai'd whicii an action is directed, word, etc., denoting it.

Ob-iec'tlon, adverse reason. Ob-jec'tive, pertaining to an object; aim. Ob-jui-ga'tioii [L. o&, against, jtirgare, to

chide], strong reproof, scolding. Ob-late' [E, 06, towards, Idtus^ borne],

flattened at the poles. Ob-la'tion [L. oblatus, offered up], oSering. Ob-li-ga'tion, binding agreement, promise,

etc., state of indebtedness. Obli-ga-to-ry, binding as a duty. 0-blige' [L. o&, near, ligare, to bind], do

a favour to, to compel. Ob-Iique' (ique=eek) [L. ohliquus, obllcus,

slanting], slanting, Ob-liqi'iii-ty (qu=kw)y deviation from a right

line; moral perversity. Ob-lifet-ate [L, ob, over, littera^ a letter],

blot out. Oblitera'tion. Ob-liv'i-on [L. oblivisci, to forget], foi^et-

fulness. Obliv'ious. Ob'long [L.-0&, over, longus, long], rect-

angiSar and long; rectangle which is longer than it is broad.

Ob'lo-q.uy [L, o&, against, loqui, to speak], reproach, slander.

Ob-nox'ions (xiovs—l-^Jnts) [L. o&, against, Tioxhis, hurtful], oSensive, odious.

O'boe (oe=oi) [It. oboe ; P. hautbois'], wooden wind instrument (same as Hautboy).

Ob-scene' CE. obscenus^ repulsive r etym, doubtful], indecent, impure. Obscen'ity.

Ob-scur'ant, Ob-scur-ant'ist, one who opposes the progress of intellectual enlightenment.

Ob-3cure' [L. obscurus; 06, over, scuruSy covered], shaded, darkened, dim; darken, make dim. Obscur'ity.

Ob-sec-ra'tion [E. obsecratio, fr. ob and saceTf sacred], earnest entreaty.

Ob'se-quies(-s^-)[L.o&, nearjsejw?, to follow], funeral rites.

Ob-3e'q,ui-ou3 (e=ee) IJ. obsequium, compli­ance; 06, near, seqin, to follow], cringing.

Ob-seiVance (s=z), heeding with care, per­formance, custom.

0b-seiv'ant(5=js), taking notice, attentive. Ob-ser-va'tion (s=z), act or faculty of ob­

serving, view, remark. Ob-aer/a-to-ry (5=2), building for astro­

nomical observation. Ob-serve (s=z) [L. observcire, to obseiTe; ob,

over, acrvdre^ to keep], notice, comply with, remark.

Obsess 140 Oifspringr Ob-sess' [L. obsidere (p.p. obsessiis), to

besiege; o&, over, sederc, to sit], beset, or possess. Obsess'ion,

Ob-sid'ian pj. obsidianus, correctly obsianus]^ dark-coloured, clear volcanic rock—called after Obsius, its discoverer.

Ob'so-lete tj. ohsolere (p.p. dbsoUlus), to decay; o&, against, solerc, to be wont], no longer In use. Obsoles'cent,

Ob'sta-cle [L. obstdculum, obstacle; o&, against, stare, to stand], hindi-ance.

Ob'sti-nate [L. obstindre (p.p. obslinutvs)^ to pei^isfe; 06, over, and stare, to stand], stubborn, persistent. Ob'stinacy,

Ob-strep'er-ous [L. o&, against, strepere^ to make a noise], clamorous, disorderly,

Ob-strnct' [L. ob, in the way of, stntere (p.p. stncctiis), to build], block up, be in the way of. Obstruo'tion,

Ob-tain' [L. ob, near, tenSre^ to hold], get hold of, x'^ocure, be prevalent, exist.

Ob-truds' [L. ob, against, and irUdere (p.p. tnisus), to thrust], thrust into or upon. Obtru'sion.

Ob-tuse' (s sharj)) [L. ob, against, timdere (p.p. tusus\ to beat], blunt, dull, greater than a right angle.

Ob'veiS9 [L. ob, towards, and vertere (i>.p. versiLS), to turn], answering as counterpart to something; else; side of a coin which has the principal image on i t ; counterpart of a fact.

Ob'id-ate [3J. obvidre (p.p. obvidtus), to obviate; ob, against, and t ict, way], make unnecessary, [apparent.

Ob'vi-OU3 [L. 06, against,ina,way], easily seen, Oc-ca'sion (si=z/i) [L. oc- (06), at, cadere

(p.p. casus), to fall], opportunity, timely diance, need; to cause.

Oc-ca'sion-al, occurring at times. Oc'ci-dent (cc= A-s) [L. occidere (pr.p. occidm^i

-eiUis), to fall down; ob, and cadere, to fall], west. Occiden'tal.

Oc'ci-pnt (cc^ks) [L. occiput; ob, against, caput, head], back part of the skull.

Oc-culf [L. occulcTC (p.p. occuU^s), to con­ceal, ob, against,' celdre, to hide], secret, concealed. Occulfisni,

Oc'cu-pan-cy, possession, time of pcssession. Oc'cu-pant, one in possession. Oc-cu-pa'tion, possession, employment, Oc'cu-py pj. occupdre, to occupy; ob,

against, capere, to seize], take possession -- of, hold and use, fill and c ver, employ. Oc-cur' [L. ob, against, currere, to run],

happen, come to the mind. Oc-cur'rence, event. O'ceau (ce=s?i) [Q-k. Oceanos, great stream

encircling the earth], sea, one of the great areas of the sea. Ocean'io.

O'chre (pker) [Gk. ochra, yellow ochre; ochros, yellow], yellow or red pigment.

Oc'ta-gon [G-k. odd, eight, gSnia, an angle], eight-sided figure. Octa'gonal.

Oc-ta-hed'ron [Gk, octo, eight, hcdra, a base], solid figure contained by eight plane faces usu. triangles. Octahed'ral,

Oc'tave [J-i. octava, fem. of oclavus, eighth; octo, eight], in music an interval of five tones and two semitones, the eight days beginning with the day of a festival, eight-lined stanza.

Oc-ta'vo (a—ai) [see Octave], size of book or page given by folding sheet into 8 leaves. (Abbr. 8vo.)

Oc-to'ber [L. October; octo, eight], tenth month (Koman eighth).

Oc-to-ge-na'ri-an [L. octdgSnl, eighty each, octOginta, eighty], person 80 years old.

Oc'to-pws [Gk. odd, eight, pous, foot], eight-armed cuttle-fish.

Oc'troi (rtrtcah) [F. octroi, octroi; O.P. otroier; L. auctorizdre, to authorize], tax levied in some foreign towns on articles of food brought in,

Oo'u-lar [L. oculus, the eye], pertaining to or seen by the eye.

Oc'u-liat [L. oculus, the eye], eye-doctor. Odd [O.N. oddi, triangle, odd number], un­

matched, remaining over, not exactly divisible by 2, queer. Odd'ments,

Odd'i-ty, singularity, queemess. [ability. Odds, inequality, difference, balance of, prob-Ode [Gk. Olds (for aoidc), a song], lyric

poem in exalted style. O'di-um [L. odium^ hatred; dd% to hate],

hatred. O'dious. [fragrant. O-dor-ifer-oua [Odoui and L./t^re, to carry], O'dor-ous, fragrant. [fragrance. O'doiit [li. odor (pdor-is), odour], smell, CEc-u-men'i-cal (os=ee) [Gk. oikoununiiJcos,

fr. he oikumme, the inhabited earth], of or representing the whole Christian world.

Ofi [emph. form of of], from or away. Offal [=off-fall], entrails of an animal,

waste, refuge. 0£-fence' [see Oflend], crime, injury, affront,

displeasure. Of-fend' [L. 06, against,/(?Ji£ffre (p.p./*?JW«5),

to strike], affront, pain, sin. Of-fen'sive, displeasing, insulting, attackmg. Offer [O.E. Gffrian; L. ojferre, to offer; ob,

near,/erre, to bring], hold out for accept­ance, propose, sacrifice, present itself.

Of fer-ing, that which is offered, sacrifice. Of fex-to-ry, offerings in church. OS-hand', ready, instant, extempore. Office [L. officium, office; ob, towards,

facere, to do], duty, charge or trust, function, place of busings, religious rite.

Offl-cer, one who fills an oflice, one who holds a commission in army or navy.

(M-fi'cia\ ici=sh\ pertaining to an office or trust; one who fills a pubUc post,

Of-fi'ci-ate (c^sh), act in an official capacity, conduct a public service.

OJ-fl'citnal (fic—fiss) [L. officina (contr. of opifccina), a workshop], kept in stock by apothecari^.

Of-fi'ciou3 (ci=sh), meddling. [shore. Ofi'ing [see Off], the sea some distance from OS'scour-ing, refuse. Offset* shoot, set-oil, foil, compensation. OS'spring, child or children, descendants.

Oft 141 Optician Oit, Ol'tcn [E ], many times. O'gle [Du. oogen ; L.G. oegcln, to ogle], look

at with, amorous glances, O'gre [?], fibulouji man devourmg giant. Ohm [fr. G-. S Ohm, German physicist], unit

of electrical resistance. Oil [OF, oile'y L. oleum, oil, olea, olive-

tree], fluid which does not Tmy with •water; treat over with, oil

Oilcake, cake of seeds from which oil has been pressed.

Ornt ment [L. wigere, to anoint], soft oily substance. [animal, f

O-ka'pi pTative name], Central African J 0-Ie-a'gi-nous [L. oUCiginu^ ; see Oil], oily. 0-le-an der [iJI.L., etym. doubUuJJ, an ever­

green shrub, the rose-biy tree. 0 le-0-graph [L. oleum, oil; GL. graphcin, to

draw], picture prmted lu oils 01-fac'to-ry |X. olere, to smell, facere, to

make], peitaming to smell. Oll-gar-chy (c/^=^) [Gl. ohgos, fe^ , archetn,

to riUe], government by a few. Oh-gar'chica!.

Olive [L. oliia, olive], tree T\ith greyish-green fruit yieldmg oil

0-lym'pi-an [fr. Ohjmpia, town m Ancient \ Greece], of Olympus, celestial, con-descendmg; dweller m Olympus, one of the Greek gods. Olym'pic, ref, to games m honoui of Zeus, hold at intervals of four years (revived at Athens m 1896)

Om'e-Iet [0 r , alemette; alemclle (corrupt of la lemelle), a thm plate; L. Idinella, dim. of loMina, a plate], dish of eggs beaten up, seasoned, and fried in boilmg butter.

O'men [L. omen (omm-is), au omen], warning token, forebodmg

Om'i-nous, foreshowing evil [out. 0-mis sion, act of omitting, something left 0 mit' [L. o5, by, miitcre (p p. missvs), to

send], leave out, lei-ve undone Omit ted. Om'ni-bug [L. ommbus, for all (dat. pi. of

omnis, all], public conveyance. Om-mp'o-tent [L. onims, all, poteiis, power­

ful], all-powerful Om-ni-pres ent [L. omms, all, prcosetis, j

present], present everywhere. Om-ms'eienfc (sa=:ck) [L. omnis, nil, scim.-

tia, knowledge], Jmowmg all thmgs Om-niv'o-rous [L. omms, all i orare, to

devour], eatmg food of every kmd On'a-ger dnaijer) [Gk. OTWS, ass, affrios,]]

wild], kind of wild asS. Once pil E. dnes., gen. of dn, one], one tune

only, at some past time [some. On'er-ous [L. onus (oner is), burden], burden-On iOn(u"i/iin)[F.mj7m?n, L UJUO (ilmSms),

a lafge omon], bulb with a strong flavour On'ly ip) [O.E. dnliCj lit one like], one, sole,

merely, solely. Oa'o-mat-o-poe la ( peeya) [Gk. onoma (pno-

maio5), anamc, poiein, to make], formation of w ords in imitation of naturtd sounds.

On'set, attack. [attack. On slaUfirAt CO E* on, on, sleaht, a stroke], O'nua [it. onuSi a burden], burden, some duty, ' I

On'ward, further on, advancmg. On'yx [L. and Gk. onyx, nail, onyx], precious

stone used for cameos, O'o-lite [Gk. 6ion, egg, liihos, stone], grauulir

variety of limestone. Ooze £0.E. wase, soft mud, is6sj moisLurc,

jmce], soft mud; flow gently, leak sloi;\ I j . O-pa'ci-ty [see Opa^uels want of transparency. O'pal [L. opalus^ an opal], gem with a

peculiar play of colours. O'palme. O-paque' ip paih'') [L. opactis, dark, obscure],

not transparent, obscure, Opac'ity. O'pen [E.jj not shut, free, frank; unclose,

disclose, begin. Op'e>a [It. opera, a work, a musical play,

L. optis (pper ts), work], drama which is sung to the accompaniment of an orchestri.

Op'er-a boufle (boof), a farcical opera, Op-er-ef ta [dun. of Opera], short, light operi. Op'ei^ate pj. overan (p p. operatus), operate,

opus (pper-is), work], act, exert influence, perform a work, treat surgically.

Op-e>af IC, pertainmg to or like an opera. Op-er-a'tion, working, performance, i sur­

gical process on the body. Op er-a-tive, active, m force; one who

operates a machine. Oph-id'i-an [Gk. ophidian, dim. of ophis, a

snake], relatmg to reptflos, mcludmg snakes.

Oph-th^'mi-a [Gk. ophthdlmos, eye], mflam-matlon of the eye. Ophthal'mic.

O'pi-ate, medicme that contains opium 0-pine' [L. opxnan, to opme], suppose, cs

press or hold opinion. O-pin'ion [see Opine], belief stronger than an

impression, estimation, Opin lonated, 0-pin'ion-a-tive, stiff in opimon, O'pi-um [Gk. opion, poppy-jmce (dim. of

opos, sap)], dried ]Uice of the seed-'v essels of the white poppy, [animal

O-pos'sum [Amer -IncI ], kmd of pouched Op-po'nent [L. ob, against, ponere, to plice],

one who opposes, adversary. Op'por-fune IL. opportUnus; fr. oh, against,

and pOThis, harbour], timely, seasonable. Op-pose' (s=3) [P opposer; L ob, against,

y. poser, to place], place over agamst, act against.

Op po-site [L. db, against, positus, placed], facing, contrary; that which is opposed or contrary,

Op-po-si'faon, resistance, party out of power in parliament,

Op-press' [L. ob, against, premere (p p pressus), to press], overload, hara=h Oppres'Slon, [reproachful.

Op-pro'hn-oug [see Opprobrium], abusi\ c, Op-pro'bn-um [L. opprobnum; ob, agamst,

probrum, disgraceful act], disgrace, abuse Op-pugu' icgn=une) [L. eb, ajimst, pug-

n&re, to flght], resist, call in question. Op'ta-tivc, Op-ta'tive [L. optare, to choose],

expressing wish. Op tic, Op'tic-al, pertahimg to sight. Op-ti'cian (tci=tsh), one who makes or deals

in optical instruments,

Optics 142 Ostensible Op'ties [Gk. opticas, relating to sight,

o^jsomai^ I shall see], science of light and vision.

Op'ti-misra, [L. optinius^ best], belief that cTcrything is for the best, extreme hope-fulaess. Optimis'tic.

Op'tion [L. optiire, to clioose], power of choosing, choice. Op'tional.

Op'u-lent [L. opulentuSj wealthy, ops^ weiilth], wealthy, rich. Op'ulence.

Or'a-cle, [L. 5ruew?«m, oracle, oraTe, to pray, to speak], answer of a deity, place where the answer was given, uncommonly wise person.

O-iac'u-lar, wise like &ii oracle. O'ral [L. OS (p7~is\ mouth], pertaining to the

mouth, spoken. Or'ange [Arab, narayij, an orange], tree with a

iuicy fruit. O'rangeiy. O-rang'-ou-tang' py^alay, Srang-Htan; Oraiig^

man, utan^ woods], East Indian ape. 0-ra'tion [L. orare (p.p. ordtus), to speak],

elaborate public speech. [speaker. Or'a-tor [L. Ordret^ to speak], eloquent Or-a-to'ri-o [It. oratorio (orig. raosical service

at an oratory)], sacred story set to music. Or'a-to-ry [L. dratorium, place of prayer,

drdrCf to pray], chapel for prayer, the art of effective public speaking.

Orb [L. orbiSf a circle], sphere, esp. one of the celestial spheres.

Or'bitr-L. orfizVa, atrack, or&w, a ring], curved path of a heavenly body, an eye-socket.

Or'chard [O.E. ortgeard, orchard; L. hortu^^ garden, and O.E. gcard-, yard], garden of fruit-trees.

Or'ches-tra (cJt=k) [Gk. orchestra^ orchestra, orcliestkai, I dance], part of a theatre where the band sits, the band itself. Oichestra'-tion.

Or'chifl, Or'chjs (c7i=k) [Gk. orchis^ an orchis], plant with a lipped flower.

Or-dain' [L. ordindre, to ordain,; L. ordo, order], decree, set apart for office.

Or'deal [Com. Tout.; O.E. ordUl, ordil], old form of test to determine guilt, severe trial.

Gr'der [L. ordo (ordin-is)], class, arrangement, usage» public quiet, command, direction, (pi,) office in the church; arrange, com­mand, give an order for.

Or'der-ly, in good order; soldier who carries messages for a superior oiEcer, attendant in a hospital.

Or'di-nal, number denoting order. Or'di-iiance [see Ordain], established law or

rule, religious observance. [usual. Or'di'na-ry [see Order], according to order, Or-di-na'tion, act of setting apart. Ord'nance [var. of Ordinance], heavy weapons

of war, artillery. Or'dure [O.E. ord, foul; L. horridus^ rough,

horrid], dung, obscenity. Ore [O.E. dr, brass; conn, with O.E. 6ra^ ore],

mineral containing metal from the mine. Or'gan [Gk. organon, an implement, crgon^

work], means, part which performs a function, keyed wind instrument.

Or-gau'ic, pertaining to an organ or its functions.

Or'gan-ism, body with oi-ganic life. Or'gan-i-za'tion, act of organizing, that

which is organized. Or'gan-ize, put into working order. Or'gy (3=j) [formerly pi. only, L. and Gk.

orgia, orgies, allied to Gk. er/jouy work], drunken revel, carouse.

O'ri-el [O.E, oriol, a porch, corridor; etym. doubtful], bay window.

O-ri-en'tal [L. orlrt (pr.p. oHeiis, -entis), to rise], eastern.

0-ri-en-ta'tiou [see Oriental], determination of the east in taking bearings.

Ol'i-fice (ice=iss) [L. orifidum; ds (Or-is\ months facere, to make], mouth, opening.

Or'i-gin [L. orlgo (prlgin-is), oi iglu; oz-Iri, to rise], beginning, source.

O-ri'gi-nal, first in order, not copied, in­ventive ; first-hand vi'ork, not a copy.

0-ri-gi-nal'i-ty, power of suggesting new thoughts, etc.

O-ii'gin-ate, cause to be. Origina'tor. O'ri-ole [E. oriol; L. aureolus, golden], kind

of bird with bright plumage. Or'i-son, [O.E. orison; L. ordtio^ a prayer;

see Oration], a prayer. Or'mo-Iii [P. or moulu, ground gold], a fine

brass of a golden colour. Or'n^ment [L. omdre, to adorn], decoration;

adorn. Ornamenta'tion. [decorated. Or-nate' [L. omdre (p.p. orndtus), to adorn], Or-ni-thol'o-gy [Gk. omis (prnith-os), a bird ;

01705, discourse], science which treats of birds.

Ol-nith-o-rAyn'cus [Gk. oniis^ bird, rkyncos, snout], Australian, duck-bill,

O-ro'gra-phy [Gk. oros^ mountain, grapltdn^ to describe], science of mountains.

Or'phan [Gk. orphanos, destitute], child whose father and mother are dead. Or'phanage.

Or'ris [perh. corruption of Iris], kind of iris. Or'tho-dox [Gk. orthos, right, doixa, opinion],

(opinions) commonly accepted, esp. on religious doctrine. Or'thodoxy,

Or-tho'E-py [Gk. ortJios^ right, epos^ a word], correct pronunciation.

Or-tho'gra-phy [Gk. orthos^ right, grapliein^ to write], spelling. Orthograph'ical.

Os'cil-late [L, oscilldre (p.p. osdlldtus), to swing], swing, vary between limits. OsciUa'tion.

Oa'cu-lafe [E. oscularl (p.p. osciildtus\ to kiss, osciilunij little mouth], kiss. Oscu-la'tion.

O'sier si=zh or zi) [E. osier; etym. doubtful], name for several kinds of willow.

Os'prey [E. ossifragus, osprey; os (pss-is, hoQQ, frangere^ to break], fishhawlc

OS'se-ouS [L. osseus ; os (pss-is)-, bone], bony, like bone.

Os'si-fy [L. osj bone,/ccere, to make], to foim into bone, to harden. Ossifica'tion.

Os-ten'si-ble [L. ostcndcre (p.p. osten&us)^ to show], shown, apparent.

Ostentation 143 Owe Os-ten-ta'taon [L, ostentdre (p p. oste7itStits\

Xreq. of ostejidere, to show], unnecessary show. Ostenta'tious.

Os-te-o lo-gy [O-t. osteon^ bone, -logia, branch of knowledge], science which treats of bones.

Osflet [earlier hostler * O.F. hostel, an Inn], stableman at an inn.

Os'tra-cism [Q-fe. osiracon, a potslierd, Tofcing-tablefc], banishment by populai vote, exclusion, Os'tracize.

Os'ldch [L. fl^i^ strSthio, ostnch-bnd ; Gk. strouthzon, ostrich], large ruanmg bird.

Oth'er-wise (5=2) [O.E. on othre ^owan], dif­ferently, under other conditions.

O-ti-os&'(i=*/0 [L. oiium^ ease], at ease, idle. Ot ter [Com. Teut,; O.E. otr], aquatic animal

which lives on fish. Of to-man [from Turkish Othman, or Osnian],

stuSed seat without a back ^ Ought (awt) [O.E. aAtejpast of agan, to owe],

be bound m duty. OuncQ [L. uncia, ounce, inch], tvielfth part

of a pound troy, sisteeuth part of a pound.

Oust [O.r. osier, to take away; ehym. doubtful], turn out, remove.

Out [Com. Teut.; C E . id], not m, away from. Out'casf, one driven from home or country. Out'come, result, Out'crop, edges of strata as they appear at

the surface. Out-do's surpass. Out'flt, thmgs required foi an equipment. Out-flank', get beyond the flank of. Out-groi«', grow away from, Oafgrow/th, an offshoot. Out mg, an airmg, an excursion, Out-land'ish, foreign, strange. Ouflaw, one who has forfeited the piotec-

tion of the law; to declare an outlaw. Out'lay, a laying out or spendmg. Out'let, a passage out, a vent. Outline, a Ime round the outside, summary;

sketch out. Out^hve', live beyond. Oat'look, watch, view, prospect. Oat'rage [L. ttltra, beyond, and suf, -age],

gross in]uiy ; to subject to violent injury. Oufc-ra'geoufl, furious, atiocious. Oat'n-der, mounted servant attendmg a

carriage, Oiri>-nght', completely. Oat'Eetj setting out, beginning. Out-shme', excel in splendour. Out>-side', that which is without, the utmost. Oufskirt, outer edge, border, Out'span, unyoke oxen from a wagon. Out-spo'ken, speakmg or spoken freely. Out-stand'mg, prominent, not paid. Out-stxip' [Out and Stnp (with ob-i. meanmg,

to run fast], outrun, leave behmd. Out-vote', defeat by votes. Out'ward [0 E. ut, and weard], on or directed

to^ ard the outside. Oafc-wif, surpiss m cleverness. Out'work, outer fortification,

Ou'zel, Oa'sel (ou=oo) [O.E , (fsle, an ouzel], name given to blackbird and other thrushes.

O'val, O'vate [Ii. omimy egg], egg shaped. O'va-ry [L. Ovum, egg], seed-vessel. O-va'tion [L. ovare (^ast. part, ovatns), to

shout], lesser triumph among the Komans, triumphant reception.

Ov'en (o=ii') ICom. Teut ; 0 U ofn], struc­ture which may be heated for bakmg, etc.

O'ver [Com. Teut.; O.E. c/ir], above, acioss, too much, outward and downward, number of balls bowled in cricket,

0-ver-acf, perform to excess. 0Ve>all, outer garment, esp. cloak or coat. 0-ver-awe', restrain by awe. [balance. 0-ver-hal'anee, out^ eigh, cause to lose 0-ver-hear'mg, dommeermg, O-ver-hoard', over the side of a ship. 0-ver-casf, cloud over, sew coarsely over a

raw edge, 0-ve>charge', charge too much, fill too full. 0-V6t-come', conquer. 0've>do, do too much, cook too much. 0-ve>draw', to draw upon a bank m excess

ol one's credit, exaggerite. O'ver-due, delayed beyond the proper time. 0-ver-floii/, to flood, abound. O'ver-flow, overflowing, that which over­

flows. O-vez-gTOvf, grow beyond, cover with gro^ th. O-ver-haul', diag over, turn ovei for e\-

ammation, 0-7e>hear', heai by accident. 0 ver-land, by or acioss land 0-ver-look', view from above, sujicrvi^e,

examine, omifc, 0-ver-pow er, exceed in power, subdue. 0-ver-rate', value too highly, 0-ver-reacn, deceive, outn it, stietch too fai 0-ver-ride', ride beyond, supei^ede. 0-ve>rale', rule over, decide against. O-ver-mn', spread over, go beyond. O'ver-seer, supermtendent. 0-ve>3bad'0UJ, throw a shade over, darken. O'ver-sight, watchful care, omission. 0-Te>state', exaggerate. O'vert [0,F. ovrir (p.p. overt), to open], open

to view, manifest, O-ver-take'j to come up with. 0-ver-thiow', to upset, defeat. O'ver-thiow, defeat, rum. O'ver-time, extra working time. O-ves-tap', tower above. O'ver-ture [O.i'. oierture, an opening, aicrt,

opened], offer, openmg orchestial piece. O-vet-turn', upset, destroy. O-ver-ween'mg, unduly confident. O-ver-whelm' [Over and M.E. whelmen, perh

from 0 E. ahicylfan, to oveitmn], covei is by a great wave.

O'vi-form [L. ovum (ov z), egg, forvia, shape], e^g-shaped.

O'vine [E. orw, a sheep], rel-itmg to sheep. 0-vi'par-ons [E. ovum, egg, parerc, to brmg

forth], producing young by meansjof eggs. Owe [O.E. dgan^ to own], be indebted,

Owl U4 Pallet Owl [O.E. uhf aa owl], nigUtbird. Owlet. Own [see Owe], possess, aclmowledge; be­

longing to (after a possessive). Ox, (pL) Oxen [Com. Teut.; OJE. oxa, homed

cattle. Ox-al'ic PJ- and Glc. oxalis, sorrel], derived

from -wood-sorrel, Ox'ide [G3c oxy- (comb, foi-m of oxysy sharp], ^ and ~ide (comb, form of eidos^ like], com­

pound of oxygen -with another element. Ox'idize.

Ox'y-gen [Gk. oxys, sharp, genos, birth], invisible gas which is essential to life.

O/ster [Gk. ostreon, an oyster], bivalve shell­fish.

0-2one' [Ok. ozdn, to smell], gas with a peculiar odour, form of oxygen.

Pah'u-lum [L. jiSbulum, food, •pascere., to feed], food, nourishment for animals and plants, (in man) for the mind.

Paco [L. rpassus^ a step, pandere (p.p. passus), to stretch], step, rate of walking; walk with regular steps, set the pace for.

Paeh-y-der'ma-tous ich~c) [Gk. -pachys^ thick, derma (dermai-os% skin], thick-skiimed. [tion,

Pa-eific, peacemaking, calm. Pacfeca'-Pa'ci-fy [F. pacifier; L. pax (pac-is), peace,

facere, to make], make peaceful, soothe. Pack [ir.B, packe, pakke, cogn. with early

M. 11cm., M.Du. pac, a pack], bundle, set of cards, set of hounds, wolves, etc., mass o£ floating ice; press into close order, put in a case, etc., go off.

Paefage, parcel. [boat. Pack'et [dim. of Pack], small package, mail-Pact [L. paciscl (p.p. pactus)^ to agree],

agreement, compact. Pad [?j small cushion; to stuff, Pad [Du. yod, a path], highwayman, an

easy-paced horse; to travel on foot. Pad'ding [?], material used in stuffing. Pad'dle [?], dabble in water, propel with a

paddle; short broad-bladed oar. Pad'dock [corruption of M.S. parrok, fr. O.E.

p€arroc, mall inclosure for pasture. Pad'lock [perh. fr. Prov. E. pad^ a pannier;

see Look], portable lock; fasten with a padlock.

pEe'an (ae=ee') [&k. paiauj paion, hymn to Apollo, under name of Paian]^ song of triumph,

Pa'gan (Pa—pai) [L.pagri«, village, district], heathen. Pa'gaDwm. [boy,

Page [Late L. pagius., a servant], serving-Page [L. pdgina^ a page, pangere^ to fasten],

one side ofleaf of a book; marker number the pages o l

Pa'geani; (a or ai) [perh. L. paginal page], spectacle, show. Pa'geantry.

Pa-gin-a'tion [L. paginal page], act of paging, page number,

Pa^go'da [Port, pagode; perh. fr, Pers, hvi" kadah^ an idol-temple], Hindu or Buddhist temple,

Pail [etym. dub.; of. O.E. pccgel, gill; O.I*, paelle^ frying-pan; L. patella, dim. of patinaj pan*], vessel for holding liquids.

Pain [L. ^csna, punishment, pain], suffering, an ache; (pL) trouble taken; cause suffer­ing.

Paint [IJ'. peindre (p.p. peint')^ L. pingere, to paint], colour, make a picture in colours ; substance used in colourhig.

Paint'er, one who paints. Paint'er [perh. M.E. panter, a noose], rope to

fasten a boat. Pair [li. paria, neut. pi. of jjor, equal], two of

a kind, two voters on opposite sides who agree not to vote; join in pairs,

Pal'acB [L. paldtium, palace of Augustus, on the Falatine Hill, Borne], oificial residence (of a sovereign, bishop, etc.).

Pal'a-din [It. 'paladino, orig, a knight of the palace; see Palatine], kiiighb errant, a peer of Charlemagne's Court.

Pal-ae-on-toro-gy [Gk. palaios, old, onto-, comb, form of part, of einaiy be, logos, discourse], science of fossils.

Pal-an-^uin', -keen' [Port, palangmin, palan­quin ; Hind, palang, a bed], covered Utter carried by men, used in the East.

Pal'a-ta-ble, pleasant to the taste. Pal'ate [L. palatum^ a palate], roof of the

mouth, taste, Pa-la'tial (ti=shX like a palace. Pal'a-tine [L, Palailnus, name of a hill in

Kome; a palace], with royal privileges (applied to special territories and their rulers).

Pa-la'ver [Port, pdlanra, a word; see Parable], talk, esp. idle talk, flattery, a conference; talk idly, flatter.

Pale 1 [L. pallidus, pale], lacking colour, not bright; lose colour, Pale'ly,

Pale 2 [P. pal; L. palus, a stake], stake, boundary, particular territory or district.

Pal'etie [It, paletta, dim. of pala, spade,; L. ptHa, spade], thin tablet on which an artist mixes his colours,

Pal'frey (rf) [Gk. para, extra; L. veridus, post-horse], small saddle-horse.

Pal'imp-sest [Gk. jjaZfm^5f5i05, scraped again; palin, again, jjsaein, to rub], MS. which has been twice written on, the first writing being erased,

Pa'ling, fence of pales. Pal-i-sade' [P. palissade; see Pale 2], fence

of sharp stakes, Palli (a~aw) [li.paUium, a cloak], mantle,

cloth thrown over a coffin, [insipid. Pall 2 [contraction of Appal], become dull or Pal-la'di-um. (Zai) [Gk. palladiori], image of

Pallas on wtuoh safety of Troy was held to depend, saieguard.

Pall'et 1 [1''. pailkt^ fr. paille; L. palea^ straw], bed of straw.

Pall'eta [doublet of Palette], tool used by potter's,

Palliasse 145 Paradigm Pal-liMse', Pail-las-sc' i^palryds') [P. paillase^

from paille, straw; see Pallet i], imder-bed of straw.

Pal'Ii-ate [L. pdllidre (p.p. pallidtus), to cloai:; see Pall i] , excuse, relieve for the time. Pallia'tive.

Pallid [L. pallidus^ pale], pale. Pallor [L. pallerCy to be pale], paleness. < Palm^ (al—ali) [L. palma, a palm|], inner

part of the hand between wnst and fingers. Pal'mate.

Palm 2 [L. palmay a pahn-tree], feind of tree, branch or leaf of the tree.

Palm ^ [fr. Palm *, pass off by trickery. • Pal'mis-try, fortune-telling from the palm

of the hand. Pal'my, bearing palms, flourishing. Pal'pa-i)le [L. palpdre, to touch lightly],

perceptible by the touch, plain. Pai'pi-tate [L. palpitare (p.p. palpitatus), to

throb], beaii rapidly, tlirob, Palpita'tion. Pal'sy ivaiolzy) [as Paralysis], paralysis., Pal'ter a=aw) [fr. root of Paltry], act deceit­

fully, trifle with. Pal'try (a=aw') [old noun palter, rags;

Swed. pallor; I>an. pialier, rags], worth­less, trifling. '

Pam'pas [Peruv. bamba, a plain], vast plains of S. America.

Pam'pei: t^eq. fr. Low G. pampen, to cram], indulge to excess. i

Pam'pmet [perh. fr. Pamphilet; L. love-poem of I2th c ] , small unbound treatise, Pamphleteer'.

Pan [O.E. panne], shallow vessel, part of a flintlock, natural basin, upper part of skull (brainpan); separate, as gold from sand, by washing in. a pan.

Pan-a-ce'a [G-k. panacda, a panacea; pan, all, acos, remedy], remedy for all diseases.

Fan-a'da [Sp. panada; L, panis, bread], bread boiled and flavoured.

Pan'cre-as [Gt- Van^ all, areas, flesh], gland near stomach discharging tUgestive fluid, sweetbread.

Pan-de-mo'ni-um [Grfe. pan, all, daimon, demon], home of all the demons, uproar.

Pan'der [fr. Qk. name Pandaros], minister to evil wishes.

Pane [L. pannns, a cloth], glass in a division of a -window.

Pa-ne-gyr'ie (gv''=j'i'') [Gt. pansgyricos, fit for a full assembly, festive; pan, all, and egyris, related to agora, assembly], discourse in praise of some one.

Pan'el [M.XJ. pannellus, dim. of pannus, see Pane], division ia a door, ceiling, etc., a slab on which a picture is painted, jury roll, the jury.

Fang [?], sharp extreme pain. Pan'ic [Gk. panicos, pertaining to the god

Pan], sudden overpowering terror. Pan'ni-er [L. pdnariuin, bread-basket, pdnis,

bread], baskeii (used commonly in pairs). Pan'o-ply [Gk. panopUa; pan, all, hopla,

arms], suit of armour. Pan-0-ra'ma [Gk. pan, all, horama, view],

unbroken view, extensivo picture exliibited n by unrolling. Panora'mic. i

Pan'sy (J—z) [F. pensee, thought; fr. L. pcnsdre, to ponder], flower of the violet kind.

Pant [O.F. pantaisier, to pant, perh. fr. Late L. phantasiare, to have nightmare], breathe in a laboured manner, gasp, long ; quick breathing, a gasp.

Pan-ta-loon' [It. pantalone, a bufioon, from PantaleoTw, a common Venetian name], buffoon in pantomime, (pL) trousers.

Pan'the-ism [Gk. pan, all, tJieos, god], doc­trine that the universe is God. Pan-theis'tic.

Pan'the-on [Gk. pan, all, theos, god], temple dedicated to all the gods.

Pan'ther [Gk, panther, a panther], lai^e -variety of leopard.

Pan'to-mime [Gk. pan, all, mimos, actor, imitator], acting in dumb show, Christmas theatrical spectacle. Pantomim'ic.

Pan'try [Late L. pdnetdria, bread-shop ; L. panis, bread], room for provisions, plate, etc.

Pap^ [unit, of sound made by infants in feeding], soft food, pulp.

Pap 2 [same as Pap ^j, nipple, teat. [pope. Pa'pa-cy [Upapa, father, pope], office of the Pa'pal [L. papa, father, pope], pertaining to

the pope. Pa'pist. Pa-paTer-oiW [L. papdver, poppy], pertain­

ing to the pogpy. Pa'pet [L. papyrus, papyrus], substance of

fibrous material made in thin sheets, a periodical, a writmg; cover with paper,

Pa-pU-i-on-a'ceous (ce=sfi) [L. papilzo (pa-pilidn-is), butterfly], with corolla like a butterfly.

Pa-poose' [Amer.-Ind. papoose, a IT, Ameri­can Indian baby,

Pa-py'rus [Gk. papyros, papyrus], rush-like plant, also paper made from it, on which the ancient Egyptians and others wrote.

Par [L. par, equal], equality (esp. of actual and nominal value).

Par'a-ble [Gk. parabolei para, beside, hallein, to throw], figurative story with a moral. Parabol'ical.

Par-a'bo-la [as Parable], plane curve formed by intersection of cone with plane parallel to its side.

Par'a-chute (chute=:s7ioot) [P, parachute; para- (It. pararc, to ward off), and P. chute, fall], umbrella-sliaped contrivance for descending from a balloon or airship. Par'achutist.

Par'a-clete [F. fr. Gk. para, beside, Jclctos (fr. JiahS, call)], advocate, title of the Holy Ghost.

Pa-rade' [F. parade; L. pardre, to prepare], show, procession, military review, drill-ground, public walk; show off, marshal.

Par'a-dJ^m [Gk. paradeigma *, para, beside, deiknymi, to show], example (esp. of the inflections of a verb or noun). Para-digma'tic.

Paradise u^ Parsley Par'a-dise l^'k. paradeisos; O.Pers. pairi-

daeza, a pari], Garden of Eden, Heaven, perfectly Iiappy place or state, para-dis'ical.

Par'a-dos [Gk. para, beside, L, dorsum, bacij, parapet behind trench, etc.

Par'a-dox Gk. -para, beside, doza, opinion], opinion contrary to received belief, apparently seU-confcradictory statement. Paradox'ical.

PM:'af-fin, Par'af-finc [L. panm, little; affmis, having affinity], white waxy sub­stance distilled from coal-tar, etc.

Par'argon [It. paragone, paragon; etym. doubtful], model of excellence.

Pai'a-graph [Gk. fata, beside, graphein, to write], section of a writing or chapter; divide into such sections.

Par-a-keef, Pai-o-quet' qit=k) [O.F. paro­quet, perb. fr.Ifc. parrochclto'], small parrot.

Par'al-Iel [Gk. para, btside, alleles, one another], equally distant in all parts, like ; line equally distant in all parts from another, similarity, comparison; show to be similar, find something similar to.

Par'al-Iel-ism, correspondence of successive passages, csp. in Hebrew poetry.

Par-aHero-gram [Parallel, and Gk. gramvm, a line], four-sided figure whose opposite sides are parallel,

Pa-ral'y-sis [Gk. para^ beside, lydn, to loosen], loss o£ power of motion,.

Par-a-Iyt'ic [see Paralysis], pertaining to paralysis; one affected with paralysis.

Par'a-lys^ Par'a-lyze, affect with paralysis, render ineffective.

Par'a-mount [O.P. -par amont \ par, by, amont, above ; L. per, by, ad montem, to the hill], supreme.

Par'a-pet [It. parare, guard, and pcUo, brea,st], low wall at the edge of a balcony, roof, etc., or along the sides of a bridge.

Par'a-pher-na'li-a [Gk, paraplierna, property of a bride; para, beside, and pheniS, dower], appendages, equipments,

Par'a-phrass [Gk. para, beside, phrasein^ to tell], statement in another form; restate in other language.

Par'a-site [Gk. para, beside, sitos, food], plant or animal that lives on another, hanger-on, a toady. [sunshade.

Par'a-sol[It. pararej to ward oH, sol, sun], Par'boil [formerly meant " to boil thorough­

ly " ; L. per, through, hulMre, to boil], boil partly,

P^cel [F. parcelle', L. particula, a small part], portion, packet; divide by parts, make up into a package.

Parch t?]» ecorcli, become hot and dry. Parch'ment [!'. parchcmin; L. pergamdna

(charta—paper) of Pergamum, where parch­ment was invented], skin prepared for writing on.

Paid [Gk. pardos], leopard. Par'don [L. per, folly, donare, to give],

forgive; forgiveness, remfesion of a penalty. Par'donaWe.

Pare [L. parare, to prepare], cut ofC outside part, le^cn, trim.

Par-e-gor'ic [Gk. paregoricos, soothing; para, beside, agora, assembly], flavoured tincture of opium.

Pa'rent [L. parens (parent-is), parent], father or mother. Pa'rentage.

Pa-ren'the-sis (pi- -ses) [Gk. para, beside, en, in, thesis, a placing"], inserted word, clause, sentence usually between brackets ( ). Parenthetical.

Pa'ri-a/(. [I' -mil paraiyan, dmnimer, paraij drum], low-grade Hindu, outcast.

Papri'e-tal [L. paries (pariet-is), a wall], pertaining to a division of the body, etc.

Par'ish [Gk. paroicia, au ecclesiastical dis­trict; para, near, oikos, house], district assigned to a priest or pareon, sub­division of a county. Parish'ioner.

Par'x-ty [L. par, equal], equality, close corre­spondence,

Park [M.E. fr. O.F. pare], piece of ground laid out for public recreation, or attached to a mansion, stance for motor-cars.

Par'IanCB [F. parler; L. parabolare, to speak], discourse, talk,

Parley [F. parler, L. parabotHre, to speak], discussion of terms; confer on terms.

Par'lia-ment [O.F. parlement, a parleying court], national legislative assembly. Farliamen'tary. [sitting-room.

Par'loui [O.F. parhir; F . parser, to speak], Parlous \ioT: perilous], perilous. Pa-TO'cbi-al ch=k), [Late li. parochialis\

see Parish], pertaining to a parish, narrow, limited.

Par'o-dy [Glc. para, beside, and oide^ an ode], burlesque imitation of a literary com­position ; to burlesque.

Pa-role' [F, parole, a word; L. parabola, a parable], word of honour.

Par-of id [Gk. paroiis; para, beside, and oiis (5tis\ ear], near the ear.

Par'ox-ysm [Gk. para, beside, ozynein, to sharpen], sudden and violent emotion, or attack of illness.

Par'ciuet-ry (g«=t-) [F. parquetcric; parquet, a compartment, dim. of pare, a park], inlaid woodwork.

Par'ra-keet', Par'ro-quet' [see Parakeet]. Par'ri-cido [L. parritida^ murder of a rela­

tive; etym. doubtful], murderer or murder of a father.

Par'rot [F. Perrot, Pierrot, little Peter, etym. uncertain], bird which can imitate words.

Par'ry [L, parare, to prepare], ward ofE, turn aside. [grammatically,

Parse [L, pars, a part], describe words Pw'see [Pers. Parsl, a ^Persian], descendant

of Persians (Zoroastrians) who took refuge in India from Mohammedan persecutio in 7th and 8th centuries.

Pai'si-mo-iiy [L. parcere, to spare], extreme frugality, miserliness, Paisimo'nious.

Parsley [Gk. pctrosdinon, parsley; fr. Gk. petra, rock, selinon, parsley], branching herb.

Parsnip U7 Paternal Pars'nip pil.E. passenep; L. pastinuca,

parsnip, peril, from, pastmdre, to dig up], plant with au edible root.

Par'son [JI.E. and O.F. persane, parson, I/. persoTUZ, a person], clergyman.

Par'son-age, clergyman's house. Part Ctj. pars (^art-is), a part], something

less than a whole, a side (in conflict), character in a play, music for one voice; diyide, separate.

Par-take', to share. Par-teD*e' C - P*^^ terre, on or over the

ground], level part of garden occupied by flower-beds, pare of ground-Hoor of a theatre,

Pai'thian, of Parthia^ an ancienfc Mngdom of W. Asia. Parthian horsemen used to shoot missiles bacliwards while in flight, hence the expressions P, shot, glance, etc,

Pai'ti-al (I=s/i) [L. pars (part-is), a part], not complete, unduly favourable.

Par-ti-al'ity (t=sh), inclination to favour, special taste or likmg,

Pat-ti'ei-pant, Par-ti'ci-paptor, partaker. Par-tt'ei-pate [IJ« participare (p.p. partid-

Vdtus); pars (part-is\ a part, capere, to takejj share in. Participa'tion.

Pai'ti-ci-ple [see pM^tieipate], part of speech partaking of the nature of both verb and adjective,

Par'ti-cle [L, particular double dim, of pars (part-is), a part], very small part.

Par'ti (or Par'ty-) coroured, variegated. Par-tic'u-lar [see Particle], belonging to one

only, ezact, fastidious; n.pL) details. Particularity, Paitic'ularize.

Parfing, dividing, given when departing; division, leave-taking.

Pafti-san (s=2X Par'ti-zan (also pronounced Par-ti-zan') p t . paHigiano, a partisan; L. pars (part-is), a, "part], devoted, esp. im-reasoniugj adherent to a party, Pat'tisan-ship.

Par'ti-aan, Par'ti-zan [M.I". periuisane; It. pariigiana], long-handled spear,

Pa^ti'tion [see Part], division, distribution. Par'ti-tiye, denoting part of a whole, Pait'ly, in part. Parfner [corruption of lt.E. parcener ; O.F.

parcener, a parbner; L. pars (part-is), a part], sliarer, associate.

Part'ner-ship, joint possesion, a firm. Par'tridge [M.E. pertnch; L. and • Gk.

perdix, a partridge], kind of game-bird. Par-tor-i'tion [L. parturition &. parere, to

bear], child-bii-th. Partur'ient, Par'ty [^. partie; L. partire, to divide],

number of persons united in opinion or action, social gathering, participator.

PM've-nu [F. parvenUj p.p. of parvenirt to arrive], upstart.

Pas'chal (ch=Jc) [Heb. pesaM, a passing over], pertaining to the Passover.

Pash'^ Pach'a [Turk. fr. Pers. b&shd, badsMh, a pasha; pad, protecting,'and shdJi, king], Turkish governor of a pro­vince, or inilitary commander,

Pas-qiiin-ade' [It. Pasquino, statue in Rome, on which lampoons were fixed], lampoon, satire.

Pass [Late L. passdre, to pass ; L. passtis, a step, to go by, take place, be accepted as adequate, thrust; passage-way, thrust, state of things, permission to pass.

Pasa'a-biCi that can be passed, fairly good. Pas'sag^ transit, fare for voyage, corridor,

entrance-hall, small part of writing or dis-couree, etc., encounter.

Paa'gen-ger pif.E. and JP, passager, fr. pas-sage], traveller by train, boat, etc.

Pas'sion [L. pati (p.p. passus), to suffer], sufferings of Jesus Christ on the Cross, overmastering emotion.

Pas'sion-ate, quick-tempered, vehement. Pas'sive [see Passion], not active, unresistiag.

Passiv'ity. PMS'-key, private key, key for opening

several locks. Pass'port [F. pssser, to pass; L. p&rius, a

harbour], permission to pass, Past [p.p. of Pass], bygone, preceding, last

(week, month, etc.); by, beyond; aside. Paste [Late L. pasta, paste; Qk.pasta,pi.],

barley-porridge, soft composition as of moistened flour; fasten or stick up with paste.

Paste'board, stifi substance made of sheets of paper pasted together.

Paa'tel [It. pastello, dim. of pasta, paste]; dry paste made from paints and gum-water, used for crayons.

Pas'tem [O.F, pastwon, pastern, perh. pasture, tether, pasture], part of horse's foot between fetlock and hoof. [play.

Pas'time [from Pass and Time], amusement, Pas'tor [L. pastor, shepherd, fr. pascere (p.p.

pastv£), to feed], minister, priest (spnitual guide or shepherd).

Pafl'to>al, relating to pastora, relating to rural life; poem dealing with shepherd life or country life, letter from a bishop to clergy or people.

Pas'tor-ate, ofBce of a pastor. [etc. Pas'try (a=at) [prob. fr. Paste], crust of tarts, Pas'ttue [L, pascere (p.p. pastiis), to feed],

herbage for cattle, grazing ground. Pas'tuiage, [pic.

Pas'ty (a= ai) like paste in colour, etc.; meat Pat [prob. imit.], strike gently with the hand;

light, quick stroke, small mass shaped by pats; exactly suitable.

Patch [?]) small piece of anything used to repair; mend with pieces.

Pafchou-li, Pat-chou'li (chou=shoo) [perh. 'Jlamil pachchai, green, and ilai, leaf], per­fume from Indian, plant.

Pate [?], head. Pa'tent [L. patere OP -P* patens, -entis), to

lie open], evident, (letters) open to public perusal, varnished (leather); exclusive right secured by ofQcial authority. Patentee'.

Pa-ter'nal [L. pater, a father], relating to a father, fatherly.

Paternity U8 Peculate Pa-ter'ni-ty, fatherhood. Pa'ter-nos'ter [L. pafer, father, noster^ onr],

Lord's Prayer. Path [O.E. path], trodden way. Pa-tliet'io [Q5 . patheticos \ see Pathos], rousing

tender feelings. Pa-thoro-gy [Q-k. pathos^ suffering, logos,

discourse], science which treats of diseases. Patholog'ical,

Pa'thos [&k. pathos, suffering], quality which touches the feelings.

Pa'tient (/i=s/0 [L. pati (pr,p. patiens, -entis), to sufEer], long-suffering; one who is under medical treatment.

Patois (pai'iva) [F. patois, country talk; etym. uncertain], provincial form of speech, dialect.

Pa'tri-arch (cft=X:) [Gk. patHarchSs; Q-k. f atria, aclan; arcfidTi, to rule], ancestor of a tribe of Israel, renerabJe old man, dignitary' (E.O. and G-reek Churches). Patriar'chal.

Pa-tri'cian (ci—sh) [L. pairicius, noble; pater (patr-is), a father], one of the original Eoman nobility, one of high birth; noble,

Pafri-mo-ny [L. patrimonium, patrimony; pater, a father], inheritance from one's lather.

Pa'tri-ot [Gk. patriotes, a fellow-country­man ; pQJter^ a father], one who loves his country. Pa'triotism,

Pat-ris'tio CL- pater, father], referring to the ancient fathers of the Church.

Pai-roJ' p^. patroi^ilie (n.); patramUer (vh.), lit. to paddle with the feet; O.F. pate, a paw], go the rounds; going of the rounds by a, guard, also the guard, detachment of troops sent to reconnoitre.

Pa'tron (a=ai), fern. Pa'tron-esa IL. patronus, patron; pater (patr-is), a father], one who protects or countenances, f urtherer, guardian saint,

Pat'ion-age, special countenance, the right of nominaVing to public office.

' Pafron-ize. act as patron of, treat con­descendingly.

Pat-ro-nym'ic [Q-k. pater^ father, oiioma, a name], name derived from that of an ancestor.

Paf ten [formerly paten; P. patin, a patten], sole of wood worn under ordinary shoe.

Paf ter [fr. Pater in Paternoster], mechanical repetition; talk glibly, rapidly.

Paf tec [freq. of pati, strike aa raindrops; quick succession of light sounds.

Paf tem [K.E. patron; see Patron], that which is to be copied; model.

Paf ty [P. p&te, pasty; Late L. pasta, paste], little pie. [scarcity.

Pau'ci-ty (c soft) [L. paucus, few], fewness, Paunch [L. pant^x (pailioi&\ a paunch],

abdomen. Pau'per [L. pauper, poor], dependent poor

person. Pau'periam, Pau'periae, Pause (s=z) [Gk. paiisis, pause; pauein, to

pause], stop, break in speaking or reading, short period of inaction or silence; cease, delay.

Pave LL. pavire, to strike, to ram], lay with stones, etc.

Pave'inent, paved footway at side of road. Pa-vil'ion [1**. pauillon, a tent ; L. papilio

QpdpUidn^is), a butterfly], lai^e tent, light ornamental building.

Paw [O.P. poe, a paw, perh. from imit. root], foot of a quadruped having claws; strike or tonch with paw.

Paw'ky [?], sly, arch. Pawn [O.P. paon, peon, a pawn; Med. L.

pedo (pedSn-is), a foofc-soldier; L. pes (ped^is), a foot], piece in chess.

Pawn [O.P. pan, prob. fr. Du. pand, a pledge], state of being pledged, security given for a debt, etc.; to pledge.

Pawn'brok-er, money-lender on pledged articles.

Pay [O.P. paier; 1>. pacHre, to appease, to pay a debt; pas; (pac-is), peace], make due return, for, discharge, as a debt; salary or wages.

Pa/ment, that which is paid. Pea [formerly j>ease; O.B.pisa; Jj. plsnm;

Qk. puos, a pea], seed in a pod. Peace [O.P. ^ais; L. pace (pfic-w), peace],

state of quiet, freedom from war or civil disorder, treaty ending a war.

Pea<je'a^ble» in. the spirit o£ peajce. Peach [L. persicum (mahtm), life. Pei-sian

apple], delicious juicy fruit, Pea'cook [0.'i5.pia,p&wa; Ij.pdvo, peacock;

see Cock], bird with gorg^eous featiiers. Pea'-jack-et [Du. pij, pije, coarse woollen

coat; see Jacket], sailor's woollen oveicoat. Peak [variant of Pike], pointy pointed top. Peak [?], look sickly. Peak'y, Peal [perh. short for appealj^ loud sound or

succession of sounds, chauges rung on a set of bells; give out loud sounds.

Pea'nut, ground-nut. Pear (ea=ai) [L. pirum, a pear], tree, also its

tapering fruit. Pearl [P. perle; of unknown origin], gem

formed in shell of oyster, etc. Petta'ant (s=z) [L. pagensis, belonging to a

district; pdgus, a district], countiyman, rustic. Peas'antry. [plants.

Peat [?], substance formed of decomposed Peh'ble [?], small round stone, agate, etc.,

land of rock-crystal used for lenses. Pec'ca-ble [L. peccdre, to sin], liable to sin. Pec-car4il'lo [Sp. pecadillo, dim. of pecado, a

sin], petty fault or crime. Peo'eant [L. peccdre, to sin], ginning. Pec'car-ry [Oarib. pakira]. Central and

S. American hog-like quadruped. Peek [M.B. and O.P. pek; etym. doubtful],

fourth part of a bushel. Peck [perh. variant of Pick], quick, sharp

stroke with a beak, etc.; strike with the beak, bite.

Pec'to-Eal [L. pectus (pcctor-is), the breast], pertaining to the breast.

Pec'u-Iate [L. peculdri (p.p. peculdtus), to appropriate to one's own use; see Peculiar], embezzle, Pee'ulation.

Peculiar 149 Pentateuch Pe-cu'l-iar ^ — y) [L. pecuhdris, one's own;

pccnhum, private property], one's own, smgular. Peculiar'ity.

Pe-cu'ni-a-ry [L. pecHma, property, money; O.L. 2)etnLi cattle], relatmg to money.

Ped'a-gogwe [Q-k. pais (paid oj), a boy, agugos^ leading, teacher of children. Pedagog'ic (£?i=jO'

Ped'al, Pe'dal [L. pes (j>ed-ts\ the foot], lelatmg to the foot or to feet.

Pei'al, lever worked by the feet. Ped'ant p t . pedante; c o ^ . with pedagogue,

one who displays learnmg needlessly. Ped'antry,

Pe-dan'tic, fond of showing oG learnmg. Ped'dling [see Pedlar], hawking; petty, Ped'es-tal [It, pxedestalU, a footstall (thres­

hold) of a door; L. pes (jed-ts), a foot; see Stall], base of a column, statue, etc.

Pe-des'tri-an [L. pedester (pedestr-is); pes (ped-is), a foot], on foot; walker.

Ped'i-gree [earlier pedegru; F, pie (pied) de gruff^ crane's foot; L. pes Qped-ts), foot; grus, a crane], line of ancestors, descent.

Ped'i-ment [earlier peremmt; origin doubt­ful], triangular decoration over a door, etc.

Ped'lar [perh. from Sc. pedder; ped, basket; etym. doubtful], hawker. [tower.

Peel [O.r. pelj pal; L. palns^ a stake], small Peel [L. pdla, a fire-shovel], baker's spade. Peel [L. pilure, to plunder], rhid of fruit;

strip or pare ofC rind, bark, etc. [chirp. Peep [variant of Pjpe], cry as a chicken, Peep [?], look forth fiom hidmg, sly look. Peer i [?], look narrowly. Peer 2 [O.P. per, peer; L, par, equal], an

equal, nobleman. [nobility. Peer'age [see Peer 2], the rank of a peer, the Peer'les3» matchless. Pee'vish [?], fretful. Peg [perh. fi. L.G-.; of. Du. peg], small

wooden or metal pin or bolt; fasten with pegs, work diligently, mark out With pegs.

Pek'oe [Ohm. pekho; pek, white, and ho, down, superior kind of black tea.

Pelf [O.F. pelfre, booty; etym. doubtful], money, gam.

Pel'i-can [G-k. pelecan, pelican; pelecas, wood-pecker; pelecus, axe], water-bird with a pouched bill,

Pe-lis3e' (pe-leess') [L. pelhceus, made of skins; pelhs, akin], long mantle, outer garment for children.

Pel'let [MX. pelota, dim. of pila^ a ball]. httle ball.

Pel'li-cle [L. pellieula, dim, of pelhs, skin], thm skin, film,

Pell-mell [F. pSle-mSle; F. pelle, a fire-shove], 7neler, to imx\, in utter confusion.

Pel-lu'cid [L, per^ through, and lucere, to shine], clear.

Pelt [0 F. pel; L pellui, skin; etym. doubtful], skin with the hair on.

Pelt r?], a downpour; strike with many missiles.

Pel'vis [L pelms, basm], basin-shaped cavity formed by haunch bones.

I'em'mi-can [N. Amer. Ind. pimecan], com­pressed dried meat mixed with melted fat.

Pen [L. penna, a feather], instrument for writmg with ink; write.

Pen [0 .E. penn, etym. duls ], small enclosure; shut in.

Pe'nal [L. posna, punishment], portimmg to punishment. Pen'ahze,

Pen'al-ty, punishment, sufiermg due to error or f aiUt,

Pen'anee [see Penitencel, punishment im­posed (or self-imposed) for sm.

Pea'cil [L. pcmciUum, dim. of pemcidus, a brush, double dim, of perns, a tail], instrument for drawmg or writing, small brush used by artists. [ornament.

Pend'ant [L. pendere, to hang], hangmg Pend'ent, hanging, Pend'ing, undecided; during. Pen'du-lou3 [L. pendulus; pendere, to hang],

hangmg loosely, wavermg. Pen'du-lum [L. neut. of pendulus, hangmg],

body so suspended as to swing freely to and fro.

Pen'e-trate [L. penetrSre (p.p. penetrdtus), to penetrate; cogn. with penittiSy interior], enter into, pierce. Penetra'tion.

Pen'guin (u='w') [?], Southern sea-bird. Pen-m'su-la [L. pene, almost; %Tisula, an

island], piece of land nearly surrounded by water. Penin'aular, [fault.

Pen'i-tence (see Penitent], sorrow for sm or Pen'i-tenfc [L. pcmttere (pr.p. pceintens,

-eniis\ to repent; pcena, punishment], sorry for fault; one who repents.

Pen-i-ten'tial (ti=sK)^ expressing penitence. Pen-i-ten'tiar^ (ii=5/i), prison, house of

correction, Pen'man-ship, manner of writmg. Pen'nant [O.F. pennon, a flag; L, penna, a

feather], long narrow flag at the masthe*id. Fen'DOQ [see Pennant], pennant, flag borne

by a mediEeval kmght on his lance, military ensign of lancer regiments.

Pen'nylO.'B.pem7ig,pemg; ct Qer. pfennig], bronze coin worth '5 shilling.

Pen'ny-roy'al [formerly puhal royal; O.F. pohol, thyme; L. pulcgium rial, penny­royal], kmd of mmt. [grams,

Pen'ny-weiffAt (^=ai), troy weight of 24 Pen-o'lo-gy (l=ll) [Gk. poinB, fine, logos, dis­

course], study of prevention and punish­ment of wrong-domg.

Pen'sile [L. peridere (p.p. pensus), to hang], hangmg.

Pen'sion [L. pendere (p.p. pe7isus), to weigh, to pay], stated allowance foi past service, etc.

Pea'sive [F, pe?isif, f&m. pensive; L. pensare, freq. otpendere, to weigh], thoughtful, sad

Pen'fa-gon [Gk. penta, hve; gonia, an angle], plane figure havmg five angles. Penta'gonaL

Pen-tam'e-ter [Gk. penta, five, matron, a measure], verse of hve feet.

Pen'ta-teucA, [Gk. penta, five, teuchos, a tool, a book], first five books of the Bible.

Pentecost 150 Peritoneum Pen'te-cost [Gk. pmtScostt, fiitieth], Je^iah

feast on t.he 50th day after the Passover. Penf house [formerly 'pentice; O.F. apcntis ;

L, appendidu?n, appendage; ad^ to, pcTidcre, to hang], sloping roof or shed attached to wall of main building.

Pen-ul'ti-mate [L. pcene, almost; uUimus, last], last but one.

Pen-um'bra [L. pacne, almost, umhray shadow], partial shadow surrounding total shadow, esp. round shadow of moon, or eartli during an eclipse.

Pen'u-ry [L. pe7iilria; Gk. peina, hunger], want, extreme poverty. Penu'rions.

Pe'o-ny [Gk. paiunia, peony, fr, Paion, physician oi the gods], plant with showy flowers.

Peo'ple [L. populus, the people], pei^ons, a nation, kindred; fill with people.

Pep'per [L. piper', Gk. peperi^ pepper], pun­gent seasoning. Pep'pery.

Pep'per-mint, aromatic plant. Pep'sin [Gk. pcpsis, digestion; pep^ to cookj,

property in gastric juice converting pro-telds, into peptones.

Pep'tio [Gk, pepticQS; pepsis^ digestion], relating to or promoting digestion.

Pe>ad-ven'tni8 [L. per, through; see Adventure], by chance.

Per-am'bu-Iate [L. per, through, ambulure (p.p. ambulatus), to walk], walk through or over.

Per-am'bu-la-tor, child's carriage. Per-ceive' [L. percipere, to perceive; per^

thoroughly, and capere, to sei2e], under­stand, discern.

Per-cent'age, [L. per, by, centum, a hundred], rate on a hundred.

Per-cept'i-ble, capable of being perceived. Pe>cep'tion, seeing-power, discernment. Perch [Gk. percS, a perch], fresh-water iish. Porch [L. pertica, a pole], a pole (measure),

roost; occupy or sit on ag a perch. Per-chance' [L. per, by; see Chance],

perhaps. Per'co-late [L. per, through, coldre (p.p.

coiatus), to filter], pass through interstices, to filter. Per'eolator.

Per-cus'sion [L. percutere (p.p. percussus), to strike; per, throughj and quatere, to shake], forcible strilcmg together.

Per-di'tion [L. perdere (p.p. perditus), to lose], utter destruction, ruin,

Per'e-gri-nate [L. peregrindri (p.p. pcre-grindtus), to travel; per^ through, ager, a field], travel, wander. Peregrina'tion.

Per'emp-to-ry [L. peremptorius, destructive; per thoroughly, e?nere, to take], decided, dictatorial. Per'emptoriness.

Per-en'ni-al [L. perennis; per, through, and annus, a year], lasting, perpetual; plant lasting several yeais.

Per'fect [O.F. parfu (adj.) ; L. perficere (p.p. perfectus), to complete; per, thoroughly, facere, to make], complete, faultless; finish, make perfect. Perfec'tibiiity,

Per-fec'tion, completion, entu'C excellence.

Per-fer'vid [L. per, and Fervid], very fervid. Per'fl-dy [L. perfidia^ perfidy; per, away,

fules, faith], treachery, faithlessness. Perfid'ious.

Per'fo-rate [L. per, through, fordre (p.p. forutvs), to bore], make holes through. Perfora'tion. necessity.

Per-force' [O.F. par force, by force], of Per-form' [O.F. parfoumir, to perform; L.

per, thoroughly, and O.F. fournir, to furnish], carry through, to do, act in a play.

Per-foim'ance, anything carried through, Per-IEmne' [L. per, thoroughly, fumare, to

smoke], to scent. Per'fume, a scent. Per-func'to-ry [L. perfungi (p.p. perfunctus),

to perform; per, thoroughly, fungi, to perform], done merely from a sense of duty, without real interest.

Per'go-Ia [Ifc. pergola, L. pergida, projecting roof], walk covered by trellis-work over wliich plants aro trained.

Pohaps ' [L. per, by; O.N. happ, chance], by chance, it may be.

Pe'ri [Pers. p<Ari\, a good genie or fairy of Persian mytliology, originally evil.

Pefi-gee (j7=j) [Gk. peri-, round, ge, the earth], point in moon's or planet's orbit nearest the earth.

Per-i-he'li-on [Gk. peri-, round, helios, the sun], point in its orbit at which a planet is nearest the sun.

Per'il [L. perlcidum, danger, L. perirl, to try], danger. Per'ilous,

Per-im'e-ter [Gk. peri-, round, mctron, a measure], boundary of a figure.

Pe'ri-od [Gk. peri-, round, kodos, a way], time, date, duration, end, complete sentence, point marking end of this.

Pc-ri-oi'io [see Period], recun-ing at stated limes.

Pe-ri-od'ic-al, periodic; puljlication which appears at regular intervals.

Pei-i-pa-tefic [Crk. pcripateticos, given to walking about, peri-, about, patcin, to , walk], walking from place to place on busines.

Pe-riph'e>y [Q-lc- peri-, around, plierein, to carry], circumference, external boundary or surface,

Pe-riph'ra-siS ijpt- -ses) [Q-lc. peri-, around, phrasein, to declare], roundabout state­ment. Periphras'tic.

Per'i-scope [Gk. peri-, round, and Scope], instrument enabling a person to see objects not on his own level or within his vision: used particularly in the steer­ing of submarines wliile under water.

Per'isli [L, perJre, to perish; per, tln'ough, Ire, to go], be destroyed, waste away. Per'ishable.

Per'i-style [Gk. peri-, around, stulos, pillar], columns around a temple, court, etc.; space thus surrounded.

Per-i-ton-e'uiu [G k. peri-, around, teinein, to stretch], membrane lining abdominal cavity.

Peritonitis 151 Pervert Per-i-ton-i'tis, inflammation of peritoneum or

part of it. Per'i-wig [earlier^erwyA'e; see Peruke], head-

dresa ol false hair. Per-i-win'kle 1 [a corrupt form due to con­

fusion with Periwinkle 2; the better name is Winkle], Mnd of biTalve edible mollusc.

Per-i-wiu'Jde^[O.E. pervince; L. per, through, vimire, to bind], trailing plaat 'with beautiful flowers.

Per'jure [L. per, through, jurdre, to swear], forswear, deliberately utter falsehood .while on oath,

Per'ju-ry, crime of forswearing. Perk, Perk'y C?j smart, jaunty. Per'ma-neat [L. per, through, and manere

^r.p. maneTiSy 'entis\ to remain], lasting, durable. Per'manenee.

Per'me-a-He, penetrable, Per'me-ate [L. permedre (p.p. permcdiits\

p ^ , through, jneSr^, to pass], pass through, to spread through. Permea'tion.

Pe>mi3'si-l)le, allowable. Per-mis'sion, leave, consent. Per-mis'sive, giving permission. ' Per-mif [L. per, through, mittere (p.p.

missus], to send], allow, Per'mit, a written permission. Pei-mu'tation fl/. p^^, thoroughly, m^iSre

(p.p. mUtdtus), to change], interchange of form and order.

Per-ni'eioua (ci=sh') [L. pemiciSs, ruin;' per, thoroughly, nex (iiec~is), death by violence], hurtful, deadly.

Per-0-ra'fion [L, per^ through, drdre (p.p. ordtns), to speak], conclusion, usu. rhetorical, or summing up of an oration.

Per-pen-dic'u-lar \h.perpendiculum, aplumb-line; per, thoroughly, penderc, to hang], upright, at right angles to a given line or surface. Perpendicular'ity.

Per'pe^trate [L. perpctrdre (p.p. perpetrdnts); per, thoroughly, patrdrc, to accomplish], perform, commit (a wrong, blunder, etc.). Per'petrator,

Per-pef U-al [L. perpctudlis ; perh. fr. per, through, and petere, to seek], never-ceasing. ttion,

Per-pet'u-ate, make perpetual. Perpetua'-Per-pe-tu'i-ty, endless time. Per-plex* [L. per, tlioroughly, plectere (p.p.

plexiis), to weave], entangle, embarrass, puzzle, Perplex'iiigly.

Per-plex'i-ty, embarrassment, bewilderment. Per'q.ui-site [L. perqu^rere (p.p. perquUUns),

to seek thoroughly for; per, thoroughly, qumrere, to seek], something over and above ordinary wages, gratuity,

Per'ry [P. poire-, L. pirum, a pear], drink made from fermented juice of pears.

Per'se-cute [L. per, thoroughly, sequi (p.p. secutus), to follow], pursue with unjust treatment, to annoy, Persecu'tion,

Per-Sfr-ve'rance, continuous diligence. Per-se-vere' [If. perseverdre, to persevere;

per, thoroughly, scverus, earnest], continue steadily.

Per'aif-Iage (age=ahzh) [F. fr. L. per, through, sibilare, to wliistlc], banter, light raillery.

Per-sist' [L. per, through, sislere, to stand], stand firm, continue steadily. Petsis'tence.

Per-sist'ent, inclined to persist, lasting. Per'son [L. pcrsdrw,, an actor's mask, a charac­

ter in a play, a person], human being, body. Per'son-a-ble, of good appearance. Pefson-age, distinguished person. Per'son-aij relating to a particular person,

own, private, Per-3on-al'i-ty, that which constitutes a

person, remark on the appearance or conduct of a person.

Per'son-al-Iy, in person, as regards oneself. Per'aon-al-ty, personal property. Per'sou-ate, act the part of, Persona'tion. Per-son'i-fy [F, personnifier; L. persona,

person,/acere, tomake], represent as a person, Personiflca'tion. [stafE,

Per-son-nel' [F.], body of persons engaged, Per-spec'tive [i^. per, through, spiccre (p.p.

spectus), to lock], art of drawing objects on a plane surface so that they appear to have their actual relative positions, size, etc.; view.

Per-spi-ca'ci-ty pj. perspicax (perspicdc-is'), sharp-sighted; per, through, and spiccre, to look], sharpness of sight or iRtelUgence. Per^ica'cioua. [thought.

Per-spi-cu'i-ty, clearness of expression or Per-apic'u-ous [L- perspicuity; per, through,

and spicere, to look], easily understood, clear.

Per-spi-ra'tion, sweat. Per-spire' [IJ. p^, through, splrare, to

breathe], to sweat. Per-saade' [L. per, thoroughly, suddBrc (p.p.

siidsus), to advise], prevail on, win over. Posua'sion, that which pereuades, creed. Per-sua'sive, tending to persuade. Pert [shortened from aperl; L. aperire (p.p.

apertus), to open], impertinent, saucy, Per-tain' [L. per, thoroughly, tenerei to hold],

belong. Per-ti-na'ci-ty [L. pertiTiax j)ertinddt--is'),

tenacious; per, thoroughly, tenere, to hold], obstinacy, persistence. Pertina'eious.

Per'ti-nect [L. perlinens (pertinentis), pr.p, of pertinere; see Pertain], to the point. Peftinenee.

Per-turb' [L. per, thoroughly, turbdre, to disturb], distrust, disquiet*

Per-uke' (poJc\ Per-ruaue' [It. perruca, paruca ; perh. from L. pilus, hah], a •uig.

Pe-ru'sal, the act of reading, esamination. Pe-ruse' [L. per, thoroughly! and Use], read

carefully. Per-vade' pj- per, through, 'cudcre, to go],

pass or spread through. Perva'sive. Pe>verse', contrary, obstinate in wrong. Per-ver'sion, change to something worse,

falsiGcation. Per-ver'si-ty, wrong-headedness. Per-verf [L. per, thoroughly, vertere (p.p.

versus), to turn], lead astray, mhapply. Per'vert, one who has turned to error.

Pervious 152 Phlox Per'vi-ous pj. per, through, via, way],

porous, admitting parage. Pes'si-mism [L. pessimus, worst], belief that

all things tend to evil, hopeless Tiew. Fessimis'tic.

Pest [L. pestis, plague], plague, mLschievous person or thiag. [sistently.

Pes'ter [L. pastOrium, tether], annoy pcr-Pes-tif'er-0U3 [L. pcstis, plague, ferret to

bring], Tcry unhealthy. Pes'ti-lence, fatal epidemic disease. Pes'ti-lent, Pes-ti-len'tial (tial=shal) [L.

pestis, plague], deadly, troublesome. Pes'^Ie [L. pinsere (p.p. pistus), to pound],

implement for pounding, [indulge. Pet [?], fondling, fit of peevishness ; fondle, Pet'al [Gk, pctalon, a leaf], flower-leaf. Pe-tard' [F. pStardj a petard; h. pSdere^

to break wind], case containing powder used to blow in gates, doors, etc.

Pe-ti'tion [L. petere (p.p. petitiis), to seek], prayer, a request; make a formal request.

Pefrel [perh. fr. St Peter^ the bird seeming to walk on the sea], long-winged sea-bird.

Pet'ri-fy [Q-k. petra, rock, and L. faccre, to make], turn into or become stone. Petri-fa'ction.

Pet'rol [from Petroleum], refined petroleum. Pe-tro'le-nm [L. petra, rock, oleum, oil], rock

oil. Pef ti-coat, under-skirt. Pef ti-fog'gcr [Petty and fogger (of doubtful

origin)], la\ 'yer who deals in petty cases, tricky attorney.

Pef tish, peevish, capricious. Pef ti-toes [?], pig's feet as food. Pefty [F. petit, small], little, trifling. Pef u-lant[lj. petulans (jietuJant-is), petulant,

fr. petere, to seek], irritable, ill-humoured. Pefulance.

Pe-tun'i-a [F. Pduii^ plant of tobacco family with beautiful flowers.

Pew [O.F. puie, an open railed gallery; Gk. podion, a balcony], fixed seat in a church.

Pe'wit, Pee'wit [imit.], lapwing. Pew'ter [O.F. peutrc; Sp. peltre', etym.

doubtful], alloy of tin and lead. Phae'ton [Ok. Pkacthon, son of Helios^

famous for his unlucky attempt to drive the sun-chariot], open four-wheeled carriage of light build.

Phal-au'ger [Gk. phaUiggion, spider's web ; see Phalanx], Australian pouched animal that lives in trees.

Phal'anx, Pha'lanx (pi. -anxes or -anges) [L. phalanx:, Gk. phalagx, phalanx], body of troops in close array.

Phan'tasm [Gk. phantazein^ to display, phainein, to show], phantom, illusion.

Phan-tas-ma-go'ri-a [Phantasm and Gk. agora, an assembly], a shifting scene of real or imagined figures.

Phan'tom [O.F. fantosmc; see Phantasm], airy spirit, spectre.

Pha-ris-a'ic [Gk. fr. Ileb. parush, separated], belonging to the Pharisees, self-righteous, hypocritical. Pharisa'ism.

Pha'ris-ee, one of ancient Je\^ish sect, which strictly adhered to law, with pretensions to sanctity, self-righteous person.

Phar-m^Kjeu'tio, Phar-ma-ceu'tic-al (C=J or i) [Gk. phannaceuticos; see Pharmacy], pertaining to pharmacy.

Phar'ma-co-ptB'ia \o2=ce) [Gk. pharmacoh, a drug; poicin, to make], list o£ drugs.

Phai'marcy [Gk. pharmaceia, pharmacon, a drug], preparation and dispensing of medicine.

Pha'ros [Gk. Pharos, name of island off Alexandria on which famous lighthouse stood], lighthouse.

Phar'ynx [Gk. pharygx, the pharynx], cavity behind the ncse, mouth, and above the larynx.

Phase [Gk. pilosis, appearance, phuos, light], appearance or aspect, esp. in a cycle of changes.

Pheas'ant (s=z) [Gk. phasianos (bird) of the river Phasis], beautiful game-bird.

Phen-a'cet-in [Gk. phanein, to show], drug used in treating headaches, neuralgia, etc.

Phe-nom'e-non (j>l. -ena) [Gk. phainein, to show], appearance, something strange or unaccountable. Phenom'enal.

Phi'al [Gk. pUale, a broad flat bowl], small bottle or glass vessel.

Phil-au'der [Gk, philandros, fond of men], to flirt, coquet,

PhU-an-throp'ic, loving mankind. Phil-an'thio-py [Gk. pMlos, loving, and

anikrOpoSf man], readiness to do good to mankijid. Philan'thiopist.

Phil-af e-ly [Gk, pMlos, loving, atelda, freedom from tax; a-, not, and tclos, tax], stamp-collecting. Philaf elist.

Phil-har-mon'ic [Gk. philein, to love, har­monicas, harmonic], loving music.

Phi-lip'pic [orig. the orations of Demosthenes against Philip of Macedon; Gk. Philippos, Philip], violent attack in words.

Phil'is-tiiie» Phil'is-tine [Gk. Philistinos, fr. Assyr. PaUtstu, Pilistit], enemy of ancient Jews, uncultured person. PhU'istinism.

Ph i - lo ro^ [Gk. pnilos, loving, logos, dis­course], science of language. Philo-log'ieal.

Phi-las'o-pher, one who philosophizes, one versed in philosophy.

Phil-o-soph'ic, Phil-o-soph'ic-al, pertaining to philosophy, calm,

PM-los'o-phy [Gk. pTiUos, loving, sophia, wisdom, saphos, wise], knowledge of general principles, system for conduct of life, calm­ness. Philos'opliize.

Phil'tre, Philter [tre=ter') [Gk. philtron; phllos, dear], love-potion.

PMe-bof 0-my [Gk. phUps QpMeb-os), a vein, tomos, a cutting], bloixl-letting.

PhlefTm [Gk. phlegma; phlcgein, to burn], semi-liquid substance in air-pabsages, etc., sluggishness, indifference, dullness.

Phleg-mafic, abounding in phlegm, dull. Phlox [Gk. pklox, a plant, lit. flame], plant

with showy flowcre.

Phcenix 153 Pierrot Phoe'nix, Phe'nis (oe=ec) [Gk. phoinix^

phoGnis, Phoenician, purple-red], mythical bird of brilliant plumage that burned itself on a funeral pile, and rose renewed from its own ashes..

Pho-net'ic [Gk. phojie, sound], representing the sounds of speech.

Pho-net'ics, the science of Tocal sounds. Phon'ic [Gk. phone^ sound], pertaining to

sound. Pho'no-graph [Gk. pMne^ sound ; gmphein,

to write], instrument for recording and reproducing speech, song, etc.

Pho-nog'ra-phy [Gk. phOnS, sound, grapliein, to write], system of phonetic shorthand.

Phos'phate [Gk. phds, light; see Phosphorus], salt of phosphoric acid.

Phos-phor-es'cence [see Phosphorus and suf. -escc], shining in the dark after being exposed to strong light. Phosphores'cent.

Phos-phor'ic, resembling or containing phos­phorus.

Phos'phor-us [Gk. phdsphoros, light-bring­ing ; pJios, light, pherein, to bring], sub­stance that absorbs sunlight and shines in the dark.

Pho'to-graph [Gk. phds . (pk5t-os\ light; graphein^ to draw], picture obtained by the action of light on sensitized surfaces;

- take a photograph. Pho-to-grav-ure', picture ' produced from

photographic negative •> transferred to metal plate and etched in. [graphs.

Pho-tog'ra-phy, art of producing photo-Phrase is~z) [Gk. pJirasis^ a. phrase, phrazein^

to tell], short expression; express in words. Phia-se-oro-gy [Gk. phrasis',^ a phrase, logos^

discourse], manner of expression. Phre-noro-gy [Gk. phren, mind, 2ogos^ dis­

course], study or theory"' based on the belief that mental development may be ascertained from the shape of the skull. Phrenolog'ical.

PAthi'sis [Gk. pMMsis, consumption; phthi-nein, to decay], consumption, of the lungs. Phthis'ical.

Phyl-ac'ter-y [Gk. phylacterion\ a safeguard ; ph]/lassein, to guard], small leather box containing slip of parchment inscribed with Hebrew texts, worn by Jews as a charm.

Phys'ic is=z) [Gk. physu, nature], science of medicine, medicine. Ph/sicisfe.

Phys'ic-al, relating to the body,'material. Phy-si'cian (ci—sh\ one skilled in healing. Phys'ics, science of natural forces. Phys-i-og'no-my [Gk. physis^ nature, gno-

mon, a judge], face with ' respect to expression' of character, ar t ' of judging character from the features. •

Phys-i-og'raph-y [Gk. physis, nature, gra-phia, fr. graphein, to write], description of nature, physical geography.

Phys-i-ol'o-gy [Gk. physis, nature, logos, dis-coui-so], science which treats of the lunc-tions of living organisms. Physiolog'ical.

Phy-sique' (ique=€ek') [F. physique \ see Physic], physical structure.

Pi, Gk. letter p (TT), used as symbol of ratio of circumference to diameter (3-141.59).

Pi-ac'u-lar [IJ. piare, to propitiate], ex­piatory.

Pi'an-ist iPi=pce\ player on piano. Pi-an'o dpi. -OS), Pi-an'o-f or'te [It. piano^ soft,

foTtc, strong, loud], musical instrument producing tones by means of hammers and strings. [player.

Pi-an-o'la [trade name], mechanical piano-Pi-az'za(2?=d2) \ltpiazza\ L.7Jtom,abroad

way], an open square, portico. Pi'broch (pee-broch—ch as in loch) [Gael.

piobaireacTidI piobair, a piper; piob, a pipe], piece of bagpipe music.

Pic-a-dor' [Sp. picador; picar^ to prick], horseman with lance in a bull-fight.

Pic-ar-esque' (que—k) [Sp. picaro, rogue], (fiction) dealing with rogues.

Pic'can-in-ny [Port, pcqueno, little, small], a child, esp. a negro baby. [flute.

Pic'eo-lo [It. piccolo, small], small, shrill Pice [Hind. paisa\. East Indian copper coin,

fourth part of an anna. Pick [etym. doubtful], peck at, open (a lock)

as by a wire, pull apart, gather, choose ; sharp-pointed tool, choicest portion.

Pick'ax, Pick'axe, sharp-ponited tool to break the ground.

, Pick'et [P. piqtiet, a pointed stick, dim. of pic, a pike], stake sharpened or pointed, mili-

_ tary outpost, party on watch in a strike. Pic'kle [?], preserve in salt or in vinegar;

solution for preserving thus, (pi.) pickled vegetables, a plight, mischievoas child.

Pie'nic [?], excursion including a meal out of doors.

Pick'pock-et, one who steals from pockets. Pie-to'ri-al, pertaining to pictures, graphic. Pic'ture [L. pingere (p.p. pictu$\ to paint],

representation of anything by painting, drawing, etc.; represent.

Pic-tu-resci?ie' (g'=i*) [It. pittorcsco; L. pictura, a picture], forming a picture.

Piei [L. jjlca], magpie. Pie 2 [perh. same origin as Pie^], meat or

fruit under pastry baked. Pie 3 [see Pie i], type confusedly mixed. Pie * [Hind, pa'i, quarter], Ind. copper coin,

twelfth part of an anna. Pie'bald, having, patches of various colours. Piece [O.P. piece \ etym. doubtful], definite

part,literary or artistic work, coin ; patch, unite.

Pi'ece'meal, piece by piece. P lece'woik, work paid by the piece. Pied [L. pica, a magpie], variegated. Pier (i€=ee) [O.P. picre, a stone; L. and Gk.

petra, rock], bridge-supports, structure of stone, iron, or wood extending into sea or river forming protection to harbour, landing-place or promenade.

Pierce [O.P. percier, to pierce; etym. doubt­ful], thrust into, bore.

Pi-er-rof', Pi-er-retie' [dim. of P. Pierre, Peter], seaside or itinerant entertainer in special costume.

Pietisfcic 154 Piston Pi-e-tis'tic, Pi-e-tis'tic-al, allectcdly religious. Pi'e-ty ill. pictas, p i e t y ; pins, devout], dcvo-

tiou to the service of G-od, dutiful allection. pig p r . B . jngge] c tym. doubtful], domestic

animal, CCurnace. Pig-i'ion* oblong mass of iron from smelting-Pi'geon (I) [O.K pijon; L . ptpio, a chirper;

ptpJre, t o chirp], dove, Pi'geon-hole, hole for passage of pigeons or

iu nesting-place, compartment in writing-table, etc. , for documents.

Pig'ger-y, place where swine are kept. Pig'ment [L, pingere, to pa in t ] , colouring

matter . Pig'my, Pyg'my [Gk. pygmaioi, fabulous

dwarfe; pygmS, a fist], dw^rf.' Pike [otym. doubtful], long shafted •weapon

•with a steel head, large fresh-water fish. Pil-as'ter [I t , pilastro; L. p'tJa, a pillar],

rectangular pillar usually attached to a wall.

PU'chard [orig. obscure], small food-fish. Pile [1J. pilus, ha i r ] , nap on velvet, etc. Pile [L. plluirif a ij,velin], large stake. Pile [ti, pilaj a pillar], heap, large building;

heap up , Pile [L. pila, a ball], kind of tumour. PU'fer [O.P. pclfre^ plunder] , take by pet ty

theft, Pil'grim [L. peregrinus, a stranger ; peregrS,

from abroad] , wayfarer, wanderer, esp, one who visits sacred place out of religious devotion. Pil'grimage.

Pill [L, pihda, dim. of pita, a ball] , small ball of medicine.

Pillage [F. pillcr^ perh, fr. L. pllare, to plunder], plunder.

Pil'lar [L. plla, pillar], firm upright support , column.

PilVion [ult. fr. L . pellis, skin], cushion behind a saddle.

"Siy\o-iy 10A^.pdlari; e tym. doubtful], fi-ame having holes for the head and hands of an offender. [rest.

PillofW III. pulvtnus, a pillow], soft; head-H'lot [ I t . pHotiiy pcdota, a p i lo t ; perh. fr,

Gk. pedon, oar, (pi.) a rudder] , one who conducts vessels into or out of por t ; direct the course of. Pil'otage.

Pim'pe>nel [O.P. pimprcncU; etym. doubt­ful], small flower found iu corn-fields, etc.

Pim'ple [?], raised skin-spot. Pin [L. pinna, a wing, a point] , piece of metal

or wood used to support or fas ten; fasten vAih. a pin. [child.

Pin'a-fore [see Pin and ASore], apron for a Pin'cers, Pinch'era, instrument for gripping

things, drawing nails, etc. Pinch [JsT.P, pinclier; It*, piiicer (vb . ) ;

etym. doubtful], squeeze, cramp, n i p ; a n ip , as much as can be taken between finger and thumb, t ime of stress.

Pinch'beck [fr. name of inventor, 0 . PinchbecTc], alloy of copper and zinc, resembling gold; sham.

Pine [IJ* posna, punishinent], wear away. Pine [Ij, plnvs, a pine],'cone-bearing tree.

Pi'ne-al [L. ^iiirOy a pine-cone], l i to a pine cone (used of pa r t of brain).

Pine'ap-ple, tropical plant, also its fruit. Pin'fold [O.K. pwid, enclosure, fald, fold],

place for stray cattle. Pin'ion [O.P, pigjion; L . penna, feather],

wing ; bind the wings or the arms. Pink [?], plant with fragrant flowers, pale

rose-colour, anything supremely excellent; of a light rose-colour.

Pink [perh. var iant of Pick], pierce with holes, scallop, s tab, [vessel.

Pin'nace [peih. L, plnus, a pine], small JPin'na-cle [ I J . pinnactilum, double dim. oE

pinna, a wing], lofty peak, spire. Pin'nate [Li pimiatiis, feathered; pemia^

feather], furnished with wings or fins, wi th leaves on each side of common leaf-stalk.

Pint (l) ['^LT:. pynts I F.pinte; etym, doubt­ful], half a quart-

Pi-o-neer' [0.1' ' , peo7ncr; peoUy foot-soldier], mili taiy artisan who prepares the road for an army, early settler in a new country; go before and prepare.

Pi'oug [L. plus, pious], religious^ devout. Pip 1 [short for Pippin], seed as of an apple. Pip 2 [ i l .P . pepie; L. piluita, rheum, also

the pip], disease of poultry. Pipe [Lato L. plpa, a p i p e ; L . pipure, to

chirp], wind instrument, tube, tube and bowl for smoking, b u t t ; play on a pipe.

Pipe'clay, fine white plastic clay. Pip-et^e' [dim. of Pipe], tube used in

chemistry. Pip'kin [?], small earthen pot . [kinds. Pip'pin [perh, fr. Pip J], apple of various Pi^u'ant (iqu~eclc) [pr.p, of P . vb. piguer,

to prick], giving zest, sharp, pungent. Pi^ue (p€c?c) [ i I .P, picgue, pique; same word

as pike, wounded p r i d e ; offend, sting, goad, arouse (curiosity).

Pi-cti(et', Piil'ifet [ r . piqucl\ e tym. doubt­ful], card-game.

Pi'ra-ey (0) ac t or crime of a pirate. Pi'rate [Gk. peiratcs, one who a t tempts , a

p i r a t e ; peiraein, t o a t tempt] , robber on the high seas ; infringe the law of copy­right. Pirat'ical.

P£r-ou-et(!e' (oic=oo) [F. pirouette, dim. of Guernsey word piroue, a l i t t le wheel], whirl on the toes.

Pis-ca-to'ri-al, Pis'cEi-to-ry [L, piscator, fisher; piscis, fisli], relating to lishea or fishing.

Pia'mire [obs. mire, ant ] , ant . Pis-ta'chiO irshio or-sho) [Sp, pistacho; Gk,

pistadon, a pistachio-nut], nu t with kernel of greenish colour.

Pis'f il [L. pistillum, a small pestle], seed-vessel of a flower.

Pis'lol [It . pislolese. (dagger) made a t Pibtola, now Pistoia, town near Florence], smal l . firearm.

Pis'ton [It . pistone, p is ton; pestone, pestle], C\uk or shor t cylinder fitting into hollow tylinder and driven up and down or backwards and forwards in i t .

Pit 155 Please Pit [L. -piiteiis, a 'nell], hollow, a coal mme,

part of the floor oS. a theatre ; marl, with hollows, seb foiward in a contest, pub into pit for storage.

Pitch [L, pix (pic-ts), pitch], black substance obtained from boiled tar. Pit'chy.

Pitch pl.ll. ptchcn, to throw ; etym doubt­ful], throw, place between and about wickete, cast, encamp, of a ship, to plimge with the head mto the sea; degree of tone in music.

Pltch'er [IJ. blcdrium, wme ve'^el; see Beaker], yessel for liquids.

Pitch'fork, large fork to pitch hay, etc., to throw with this orin like manner

Pife-ous [Late L. pieiostts, merciful; L. ptus, devout], mournful, showing pity.

Pitfall, concealed pit to catch ammals oi men.

Pith [O E. 2^tJia], spongy substance in stems, marrow, -v igoiir

Pith'y* havmg neiTous energy; toi"se. Pittance [0 F. jji/ance,'pittance, also pity],

small allow ancc. Pif y [doublet of Piety], tenderness to the

weak and sufEcrms, mercj ; to have or show feeimg for. Pififul, Pit'iable.

Piv'ofc [F. jniot, pivot; etym doubtful], sliaft or pm on which something turns, central pomfc. Piv'otal.

Pis'?, Pix'ie [?], fairy. Pla ca-hle, Plac a-ble [L. pldcare, to pacify],

leady to be pacified Plac'ard, Plac-ard' [r. plaqucr, to rough­

cast; Du. plalken^ to glue], poster, to post placards.

Pla'cate, Plarcate' [^. placare (p p placdlus)^ to appease], pacif3%

Place [r. place, Gk. plateia (fiodos), a broad (way)], position, site, rank, room, put, set. [Placid'ity.

Pla'cid [L. ptacere, to please], peaceful. Pla'gia-nze ag=a%)) [L. plagianus, kid-

nipper, plagiare, to ensnare], steal from the writm^ of another. Pla giansm.

Plague [L pMga; Gk. y/r^e, ablow,p?es5^n, to stiike], torment, deadly contagious disease; ve^, torment. Pla guy. [fish,

Plaice [O.F. plais; L. platessa, a plaice], flab Plaid, Plaid [Gael, plaide, Ir. plotd, pliid;

peall, a skm],Iong wrap of woollen cloth, nsbaily with tartan pattern, outer article of Highland costume, cloth of which this IS usu, made.

Plain [L. planus, pHm], fiat, evidenfc, unorna-mcated, simple, blunt; level land,

Plaint [L. plangere (p p. planctus), to bewail], complaint, lamentation. [suit.

Plam'tifl [see Plaint], complainaufc m a law-Plain'tive, complammg, sad. Plait, Plait, Pleat [L. phcare (p.p. phcutus),

to fold], flit fold ; to fold, braid Plan [L. plamts^ flat; plandrc, to plane],

drawing, diagram, map, scheme, to draught, scheme.

Plane [Gk. platanos, a plane; plains^ wide], spreading tree,

Plane [L. plana, fem. of planus, flit], smoothing tool, flat surface; level; make smooth.

Plan'et [Gk, planetes, planes, a wanderer], body which re-vohes round the sun or other centre. Plan'etary.

Plan'gent [L. plangere, to beat the breast], loud-soundmg.

Plank [L. planca^ a flat board, perh. fr Gk, plax Ipkic-os], a flat plate], length of sa\\n timber.

Plant [L. planta, a plant, a shoot], organism of the vegetable kmgdom, v,hole machmery used in m industry; put in as seed, settle.

Plan'tain [L, plantdgo, a plantain, perhaps from root planta, sole of the foot], herb With broad leaves.

Plan tain (Sp. pla(ji)tano], tree with banana­like fruit.

Plan-ta'tion, place planted with trees, etc., origmal settlement, colomz ition.

Piant'i-grade [h. planta, sole of the foot, gradl, to 'nalk], walking on the soles of the feet.

Plash [perh. imit ], puddle, splash; to splash. Plas'ter [Gk. emplastron, plaster; en, on,

plassein^ to mould], adhesive application, mixture of lime, water, and sand, stucco; cover with plaster.

Plas'tic [Gk. plasUcos', plassezn, to mould], capable of bemg moulded. Plas'ticinc,

Plate [O.F. plate, fem. of plat, broad; peih. fr. Gk. pUxtus, broad], sheet of metal, vessels of gold and sdver, shallow round vessel of pottery, etc , cast of a page of type for printing from; overlay with gold or silver.

Pla-tean' (cau=6) [r. plateau^ for O.F. platel^ dim. of plat, a plate], tableland,

Plat'fonn [F, plateforme^ ic, plat, fiat, and forme, form], raised level surface formed with planks, etc., principles on winch a body of persons unite.

Plaf i-num [Sp. platina, dim of plaia, silver], valuable tin-white metal.

Plat'i-tude [F. platitude; plat, flat], flat, commonplace truism.

Plat-oon' [F. pelotoiiy small ball], half-com­pany of foot soldiers, [plate.

Plat ter [0 P. plater; plat, a plate], large Plau dit [foimerly plauditc; L. plaiidite,

2nd pers. pi. imper. o£plaudcre,to applaud], (usu. pi) expression of applause.

Plau'a-ble (s=s) [L. plaitdcre (p.p. plausus\ to applaud], apparently right, fair-spoken.

Play [0 E. plegean, plcgian], to sport, act, perform (on); sport, game, practice, piece for acting. Pla/ful,

Plea [O.F, plait, plaid, a plea; L. placere, to please], excuse, that which is pleitled.

Plead [0 F. plaidier, to plead; plaid, a plea], urge reasons for or agamst.

Plerts'ant (s=z) [0 1. plaisant, pr p. of plaisir, to please], pleasing, agreeible.

Pleas'ant-ry, cheerfulness, joke. Please (^=^) [0 F. plaisir; L. placire, to

please], make glad, gratify.

Pleasurable 156 Point-blaMk Pleft'SUT-a-ble (suT=:zher), pleasant. Ple«s'ure [E, spelling of P. plaisir]^ enjoy­

ment, joy, will. Ple-be'ian [L. plebeim, h\ flebs^ the common

people], common; one of the common people^

Pleb'i-scite [L, flebs Qplebis\ the common people], direct veto of the people,

Pledge [O.P. plege, security, perh. fr. MX. plevire^ plebire, to warrant], solemn promise, thing in pawn, surety, toast; give as security, engage, to toast.

Pie'na-ry [L. plenus, full], full, entire. Plen-i-po-teu'ti-a-ry Cti=sh) [L. plenus,

full; potens (-entis), powerful], ambassador with full power.

Plen'i-tude [L. plenns^ full], abundance. Plen'te-ous, Plen'ti-M [L. plenm, full],

having or yielding plenty. Plen'ty [L. plentcs^ full], fullness, abundance. Ple'o-nasm [Gk. pleonasmos^ fr. pleonazein,

to be superfluous; plcon^ more], use of more words than are necessary, an unnecessary word. Pleonas'tic.

Pleth'o-ra [Gk. plelhorej fullness; plethSs^ full], over-fullness.

Pleu'ri-iSy fG-lc. pleura^ a rib, side], inflamma­tion of the membrane which covers the longs.

Pli'a-ble, Pli'ant [I?. p7fer, to bend; fr. L. plicdre, to fold], easily bent, yielding, Pliabil'ity, Pli'ancy,

Pli'ers, pincers. [pledge. Plight lO.E. plihtan, fr, pUM, danger], to Plight [M.B. plU, doublet of Rait], con­

dition (usu. evil). Plinth [Gk. plinthos, a brick, a plinth],

square slab below a column. Plott [perh. imit.], to toil, trudge. Plod'der. Plot [?], small piece of ground. Plot [?], secret plan, combination; to plan,

scheme. Plouc A. [Late O.E.2)?c^A],implement for break­

ing the soil; turn up with the plough. PlOH/zA'share [Ploagh and O.E. sccar^ a

ploughshare], part of a plough which cuts the soil at the bottom of a furrow.

PlaVer (o—-Q) [O.P. plovier, plover; L. pluvdriusj rainy], wading bird.

Pluck [O.E. ploccian, pluccian]^ pull, strip o2 ; internal organs of an animal used as food, courage.

Pluck'y, full of courage. Plug [M. Du. plugge, a peg, bung], stopper,

cake of pressed tobacco; to stop up with a plug.

Plum [L. p-rUnum^ a plum], stone-fruit or its tree, raisin.

Plu'mage (w==oo) [F. plume \ L. plUtna^ a feather], feathers of a bird.

Plumb [L. plumbum^ lead], weight of lead attached to a line; perpendicular; sound with a plumb,

Plum-ba'go [L. plunibdgo., plumbago ; plum­bum, lead], black lead, graphite.

Plumb'er (w) [L. plumbum^ lead], one who worJsj in lead.

Plume [L. plujna, a feather], feather or group of feathers; to pride. Plu'my.

Plum'met [O.F. plommet, dim. of plomb^ lead], sounding lead, a jjlumb,

Plump [Du. plomp, blunt], full, rounded. Plump [prob. imit.], drop suddenly, give all

one's votes to one candidate; directly. Plum'per,

Plun'der [Ger, plUndenif to phmder; plunder, baggage, tra^h], rob ; robbery, spoil.

Plunge [Late h. plumbicdre, to heave the lead; L. pJurnbum, lead], thi-ust into fluid, dive, rush heavily on ; a dive.

Plu'r^ [L. plus (jplilr-is)y more], relating to more than one.

Plu-ral'i-ty, scate of being plural, two or more, maiority, holding of two or more offices.

Plus [L.]» more, extra, in addition. Plush [F. pluche^ shortened from peluche,

plush; L. pilus, hair], cloth with an open pile.

Plu-toc'ra*cy [Gk. ploutos^ wealth, cratein, to rule], poT\'er or rule of wealth. Plu'tociat.

Plu'vi-aL Plu'vi-ous [L. pluvia, rain], rainy, caused by rain.

Ply [short foi-m for Apply], work at, pxesS; go back and forth.

Ply [P. pli, fold; L, plicdre, to fold], fold, twist.

Pneu-mafic [Gk. pneuma (pneumat-os\ air], pertaining tQ, worked hy, or lilled with air.

Pneu-mo'ni-a [Gk. pneumon, a limg], in­flammation of the lungs. Pnenmon'ic.

Poach ^ [O.F. pochier, to poach ; P. poche^ a pocket], cook eggs by brealdnginto boiling water.

Poacha [perh. as Poach^), to rob of game. Pock [O.E. poc\, a pustule. Poofet; [A. Norm, pokete, dim. of O.K.P.

poke==h\poche^2, pocket], pouch; put in the pocket.

Po-CO-cur-an'te [It,, caring little], indifferent. Pod [?], seed-v^sel of tho pea, etc.; bear

pods, strip of pods. Pod-a'gra, Pod 'a^a [Gk. pous, podos, foot,

agra, catclung], gout. Pod'gy [?; see also Pudgy], fat and short. Po'em [L. poema, a ijoem; Gk. poiein, to

make], composition in verse. Po'e-3y [Gk. poSsis, a composition, a poem],

poetical skill, poetry. Po'et, fem. Po'et-ess [Gk. poictes, a poet,

poiein, to make], one who makes poetry. Poet-as'ter [Poet and L, suf. -astery sham],

would-be poet, paltry poet. Po'et-ry_ [O.F. poelHe'], rhythmical composi­

tion, imaginative language. Poet'ic. Poigil'ant [F. poignant, pr.p. of poindrcy to

prick; L. pungere, to prick], sharp, keen. Point [L. pungere (p.p. punctus), to prick],

sharp end, dot, prominent feature, (;pl,) movable guiding-rails; give a point to, aim, indicate.

Point-blank, (of shot) fired horizontally, plain, unquahfieiJ.

Pointer 157 Pool Poinf er, that whicli'points, rod for pointing,

dog that points at game, (plur.) two stars in Great Bear, straight line through which points nearly to pole-star.

Poise (s^z) [O.F. poiser, peser, to weigh; pois, weight; L.. pendere (p.p. pensiis\ to weigh], weight,.balance ; to balance.

Poi'son (s=z) [L. pstio^ a draught], something which, taints or kills; put poiaon into^ kill with poison.

Poke 1 peel. poJd; IT.Du. poke, a bag], sack. Poke 2 [M.E. and Du. pokcn, pukken^ to

poke], a thrust; to thrust. Po'ker 1 [from Poke 2], bar for stirring a fire. Po'ker2 [?], card game. Po'ky [from Poke 2], confined and shabby. Po'Iar [see Pole 2], pertaining to one of the

poles. Po-lar'i-ty, quality of a body in virtue of

which it exhibits oppcsite powers in opposite directions.' Pol'arize.

Pol'der [Du. polder^ i a polder], low land reclaimed from the sea.

Polei \h.palus^ a stake], long slender piece of wood, measure of 5^ yards. [an axis.

Poles [L. polus; Gk.|73oZ(?5, a pivot], end of Pol'e-ax(e) [from Pole i], battle-axe, halbert,

butcher's axe with hammer at back. Pole'cat [?], kind of weasel. Pol-em'ic, Pol-em'ic-al r<^ . polemos, war],

controversial; controversial argument, one who engages in such an argument.

Pol-ice' (ice = eess) [P. police, orig. civil government; L, politia; Gk. politda^ polity], men responsible for public order; keep order.

Pol'i-cyi [Gk. poUteia, polity, citizenship; poliSj a city], system of management, prudence.

Pol'i-cy 2 [F. police, bill of Jading, etc. Etym. doubtful], written contract of insurance.

Pol'ish [L. poUre (p.p. polUus), to polish], make glossy, esp. ^!by rubbing; gloss, anything used to produce gloss, refine­ment.

Po-lite' [see Polish], refined, well-bred. Pol'i-tic [Gk. politicos ;:poUteia, citizenship,

political, wise, artful, Po-lit'ic-al, pertaining to civil government. Pol-i-ii'cian (ci=570, one devoted to politics. Pol'i-tics, science of government. [ment. Pol'i-ty [see Policy i], structure of govern-Pol'ka [F. and Ger. polka], dance of Bohemian

origin. Poll [M.E. and obs. Dii. polle, top of head],

head, casting of votes; receive or give (votes). !

Pol'lard [see Poll], tree with its crown cut off. [flowers.

Pol'Ien [L. pollen, pollis, fine flour], dust of Pol-lute' [L. pollucTB (p.p. pollmns), to

pollute; pro, forth, luere^ to wash], make foul. Pollu'tion.

Po'Io [native name in valley of Indus], kind of hockey played on lioi^eback.

Pol-o'ny [pcrh. from Bologna\^ kind of pork sausage. ;

Pol-troon' [It. poltrone, a poltroon; poltro, a bed], coward.

PoI-y-an'thu3 [Gk. pohjSy many, anthos, flower], kind of primrose.

Pory-cArome [Gk. polys, many, chrdma, colour], decorated in many coloure, picture or statue of many colouis. Poly-ehroma'tic.

Po-lyg'a-my Gk» poly&^ many, gawio-s, mar­riage], state of having more wives than one. Polyg'amous.

Pol'y-glot [Gk. poli/s, many, glotta, a tongue], in or speaking several languages.

Pory-gon [Gk. polys, msiiiy, gOnia, an angle], plane figure of many angles. Pol/gonal.

Pol-y-he'dron [Gk. polys^ many, hcdra, a base], many-sided solid.

Pol'yp, Pol'ype [as Polypus], tubular animal with tentacles round the mouth.

Pol'y-pns [Gk. polypous, cnttle-fish, polys^ many, pons, a foot], kind of tumour.

Pol-y-syl'la-ble [Gk. polys, many, and Syl­lable], word of many syllables.

Pol-y-tecA.'iuc [Gk. polys, many, teclinS^ art], relating to many arts; school where many arts are taught. '

Pory-the-ism[Gk. polys, many, and Theism], belief in many gods. Polytheis'tic.

Po-ma'ceous (ce=sh) [L. pomum, an apple], like an apple or a pear.

Po-made', Pom-ade', Po-ma'tum [F. pom-made; It, pomada, pomata, pomade ; It. porno, L. pomitm, an apple], perfumed ointment.

Pome'gran-ate [O.F, pome grenatc, a pome­granate ; L. pomum, apple, grandtum, full of seeds], fruit with many seeds and acid pulp.

Pom'mel ^0=^) [Late Jj.poviellum, dim. of L. pomum, an apple], knob of a saddle-bow, knob on a sword-hilt; beat with fists.

Pomp [Gk. pompe, pomp, procession], show of magnificence, pride. Pompos'ity.

Pomp'ous, stately, pretentious. Pond [variant of Pound 2], small lake. Pon'der [L. ponderare, to weigh; pondu.t

(ponder-is), weight], to weigh in tlie mind, think over. Pon'derahle, having appre­ciable weight.

Pon'de>ons, heavy, Pon'iaid ii=y) [F. poignard, fr. poi?ig, the

fist; L. pug7Uis'], kind of dagger. Pon'tiff pj. pontifcx, member of principal

college of priests in Rome; pons (pont-is), bridge, and facere, to make], high priest, pope. Pontifical. ,

Pon-tif i-cate, high priesthood, popedom. Pon-toon' [L. ponto ponton-is), a pontoon;

pons (pont-i^), a bridge], hollow cylinder used as a support of a temporary bridge, flat-bottomed boat.

Po'ny [perh. from O.F. poulenet, dim. of poulain, a foal; L. puUus, foal], small horse.

Poodle [Ger. pudel; allied to Low Gor, piideln, to waddle], kind of pet dog.

Pgol [O.E. pO], body of still water,

Pool 158 Post Pool [perh. fr. F . poiile, hen, stakes at tlie

game having been eggs], game on a billiard-table, t he s t a t ^ a t c a r d s ; m a i e a common interest of.

Poop [IJ . jiuppiSf hinder p a r t oi a ship], s te rn of a ship, highest deck in the aft-most par t of a ship.

Poor [M.S. and O.F. povre; L. pavper, poor], wanting in riches or goods, needy.

Poorly, somewhat ill. Pop [imit.], quick explosive s o u n d ; make a

sharp quick sound, dar t . Pope [L. pQpa, pope, f a the r ; Gk. yappaa,

father], nead of t he ILO. Ohm-ch, Pop'gan, tube and rammer for pellets. Pop'in-iay [O.F, papingay^ a parrot] , green

woodpecker, parrot . [tree. Pop la r [L. popuVus^ a poplar], tal l kind of Pop'lin [P. popelinc, poplin, from the Papal

town of Avignon], fabric of siUc and worsted. [ojjium.

Pop'py [L. papSxer^ a poppy], p lant yielding Pop'u-lace [It . popolacdo, populace; popoU,

people], com-mon people. Pop'a-lar [L. populus, t he people], of the

people, liked by the people. Pop'ularize, Pop-n-lar'i-ty, favour with the people. Pop'u-late [L. populnSf people], t o people, Pop-u-la'tion [see Populate], all the people

of a place. * Pop'u-lous [L. populvSj the people], abounding

in people. Por'ce-lain (P) [F . porcelaine, the Venus-shell,

porcelain; I t . porcellana, porcelain, yor-ceUaj dim. of porco; L . porcus^ a pig], fine earthenware, china.

Porch (p) [L. porticiis, a porcli], covered enfcrance t o a doorway.

Por'eine (sine) p j . porcusy a pig], perfcainiog t o swine.

Por'cu-pine [O.F. pore espin; L. porous, pig, spina, thorn] , long-quilled animal.

Pore^ [Gk. poros, a passage, pore], minute opening, esp. i n the skin.

Pore 2 [M.B. pure7i, e tym. doubtful], gaze steadily in reading.

Pork [ti. porcits, a pig], flesh of swine. Po 'rous [sec Pore i ] , full of pores. Por'phy-ry [L. and Gk. porphyntes, porphyry ;

Gk. porphyros, purple], fine-grained rock with crystals through it .

Por'poiSQ (0Z5e='fi5) [O.F. porpeis^ a porpoise; L . porcust a pig, pisciSj a fish], small animal of t he whale land.

Por'ridge [another form of Pottage], meal boiled in water or in milk.

Por'rin-ger [earlier potagcr; see Pottage], bowl or cup for porridge, [Oporto.

P o r t i [from Oporto, in Portugal] , wine of Por t s [L. partus, a harbour], a harbour. Port 3 [L. porta, a gate], a gate, gateway. Port * [F . porter; L . portare, to c a n y ] ,

demeanour. P o r t ^ [etym. doubtfu l ; perh. fr. Po t t 2 ] ,

leCfc side of a ship, larboard (q .v . ) ; on t he left sido of a s h i p ; pu t or t u r n t o the left gide Qf a shin.

Pott 'a-ble [Jj. pinturc, to carry], capable c£ being carried. Portabil'ity.

Port 'age [from Port'*], carrying, place where boat mus t bo carried between lakes or over rapids.

Por ' tal [see Port s) , door or gate. Port-cul'lis [L. porta, a door, coldre (p.p.

cdlatus), to glide, slide], grating sliding in grooves a t the side of a gateway.

Porte [F . (in full, U Snblimc Forte); L . porta, a gate], tho Turkish government.

Por-tend' [!•. pro, forth, tenders (p.p. tentus), t o s tretch] , foreshow.

Por ' tent [sea Portend], omen, sign. Poi-tenf ous, foreshowing, ominous. Por ' ter [see Port 3], doorkeeper. Por'ter [L. portdre, t o carry], carrier. Por'ter [L. portdre, to carry], k ind of beer. Port-lo'li-o f i t . portafoglio ; porta, impcr. of

portdre, t o carrj-, and foglio, a leaf], portable case for papers, etc.

Porf hole [Port ^ and Hole], opening in a ship's side.

Por'£i-CO [It. portico; L. porticm, a poreli], colonnade, porch.

portiere (portyer) [L. porta, a gate], a door curtain.

Poi ' t ion [L. po7'tio, portion, cogn. with lu pars, a par t ] , par t , share ; distribute.

Po r t ly [see Por t^] , imposing, bulky. Port-man'teau (cau=ff) [F. portcmayUeair,

porter, to carry, manleau, a cloak], travel­ling-case.

Por'trait [see Portray], pictiure of a person. P o r - t r a / [O.F. pourtraire, to p o r t r a y ; L.

pro, forth, trdhere, to draw], make a like-n ^ s , describe.

Pose (5=2) [F. pose (n.), poser (vb.), pose; Late I/, pavsdre, to pause], a t t i tude, esp. one taken lor effect; s tr ike an a t t i tude, assume a character,

Po-seur' [F.] , a a aCected person, Pose [M.E. apposcn, opposen, to question;

see Oppose], to puzzle. Pos'er, a puzzling question. Po-si'tion [L. pdncre (p.p. posittis), to place],

place, a t t i tude, Posl-t ive [L, pOnere (p.p. positus), to place],

real, actual, decisive, certain. Pos'i-tiv-ism, philosophical system of A.

Oomte, based on mat ters of fact and experience only. Pos'ltivist.

Pos'se [L. posse, t o be able], strong force, company,

Pos-sess' [L. possidere (p.p. possesstis), to possess; potis, able, sedere, to sit], have and hold, lo own. [frenzy.

Pos-ses'sion, ownership, thing possessed, Pos-sess'or, owner. Pos'set [M.E. poshote, e tym. doubtful], hot

milk curdled by adding w inc. Pos'si-bil'i-ty, th ing t h a t may be, power of

happening. Pos'si-ble [h.possibilis, possible, posse, to be

able], able to happen, capable of being done. [placard.

Post ^ p j . posils, a post], upright t imber ; tp

Post 159 Practitioner Pos ts [L, pmere ( p p . po'^iius), to place],

foLation, system for carrying l e t t e r s ; pu t m tile poat-oflicGj c a n y ( i n account) from journal t o ledger, inform, travel with 1 plays of holies, ln'5ten. [post.

Post'age [see Post 2], price for conveyance by P o s t ' ^ relating t o posts or postage. Post'er [see Post i ] , bill t o be pcstcd. Pos-te'ri-or fL. posterior, comp. of posients,

coming af te r ; post^ after], later m t ime, •beliiud.

Pos-ter'i-ty [as Posterior], succeeding genera­tions, descendants.

Pos'tern [O.P. posterlc, postemt, a back door, L. posterns, bclimd], bmall dooi or gate.

Post'/tu-snous [L. posCumtfs, a superl, foim of post, behind], occiu-nng al ter one's death, born after fathei 's death, (work) piiblibhed after authoi ' s death.

Pos-td'ion,Pos-til 'lion ( o=yo)\li.postiglione, apostiUon; 5)osto,apo3t; seeP03t2] ,nder of the near (7.e left) horse of a p i i r , oi the n e i r leading hoiso of four, drawing a coich.

Post'mark, posfc-offico ma ik on a let ter . Post-me-nd l-an [L. post, a£ter, mefifhUmis,

ad], from merldics, noon], after noon. Post-moi'tem [L. post, after, mors ( ice.

tnoTtem), death] , after death, Post-o'bit ilj.post, aftei, obitus, death], taking

eSecb after dea th ; bond of this na tu re . Post-pone' [L. 3>osf, after pflnere, t o pu t ] ,

pu t off. Postpone'ment. Post-prau'di-al [L. post^ after, prandium^

dinner], after dinner. Post'senpi; [L. post^ i after, scnbere (p.p

scjiptus, to wiite], addition to a finished letter.

Poa'tu-lant[seePostTilate],candidate, esp foi admission to riHigious ordei .

Pos'tu-late [Iv. postulari (p.p. postuldtus), to demand], assume without proof; thing taken f 01 granted.

Pos'ture [L- pOnere (p.p. positns), to put ] , position of the body, a t t i t u d e ; assume atti tudes.

Po'sy [shoit for Poesy], bunch of flowers, biief sentiment e^p. m a img .

Pot [O.E, poit' perh. cogn, with L. potns, drinking], metallic or earthenware vessel; pu t m pots.

Pot'ash, Pot-ass', alkaline substance. Po-tas'si-um [i>eo Pot and Ash], metal, basis

of potash. Po-ta'tion [L. pdtare (p.p. potdtns), to drink],

a drmk, drmking. I Po-ta'to [Sp. patata; Hay t ian , batata], plant

and i ts edible tuber Po-teen', Po-theen' £lr. poum, little pot] ,

I r ish whis iy . Po'tent [tj. posse (pr.p. potens, -entis), to be

able], powerful. Po'tency. Po'ten-tate, one who possesses great power. Po-ten'tial (ti=sli), possible bu t not actual. Poth'er [?], bustle, 'I Po'tion [L. potio, a pot ion; pdttis, dcunken]»

draught, dose i

Poflatch, Pot'Iaehe [Amer. I n d ] , feast given a t election of [N". Amer. chief by cjcudidate.

Pot'sherd [Pot, and O.E. sceard, i fragment], fragment of a broken pot .

Pot tage [1* . poiage \ pot, a pot] , thick soup or porridge.

Po t t e r [0 E.2?o?/ere], one who makes eai then-ware.

Pot'ter [O.E. polian, etym. dub j , do some­thing m a puiposoless way,

Pouch [O.E. poche; see Pocket], small b a g , to pocket.

Poii l t [P. poulei, dim. of poulet a hen], young chicken, partridge, etc . Poul'terer.

PoifVtice (icc=t'!s) [L. fuls (jpuli-u'), pap] , thick pap used t o apply to the s k m ; apply a poultice.

P o u l ' t ^ [see Poult] , barnyard fowls. Pounce [orig. a tei-m in h a w k m g ; a hawk's

claws were jjounces. E tym. doubtfiil], fall on and seize.

Pouace [E. ponce, pumice], fine powder for spreading on unsi7ed paper.

Pound ^ [O.E. pnman], to beat. Ponnd^ [O.E. pund, enclcsure], enclosure lor

s trayed catt£s. Pound 3 [O.E. pund, p o u n d ; L. po'ndo, by

weight], 16 oz% avoir., 12 ozs. t roy, 20 shiUmgs.

Pound'age, paymenfc of so much per pound weight, or pox pound sterling.

Pour ipoTe) [M.E. pouren; e tym. doubtful], send forth or flow in a s t ream.

Poui 'par-ler (poor'parlai) [E,] , informal dis­cussion before negotiations.

Pout [O.E. puta], thrus t out the lips ; sulky thrusting out of the lip=.

Pout 'er [see Pout] , kind of pigeon tha t in f la te 1 t s breast.

Pov'er-ty [O.E. poverty; L . pauper, poor], s tate of being poor, need.

Pow'der [L. puhis (puherts), dust] , fine d u s t ; reduce t o powder, sprinkle with powder.

Powder [Late L. potere; L, posse, t o be able], abdi ty , might, a government, product from the multiplication of a number by itself any number of time^. PoVeiful .

Pox [see Pock], disease characterized by pustules.

Prac'ti-ca-lble, capable of being done with available means. Pxac'tieabil'ity.

Prac'ti-cal [&k. practices \ prassetn, t o do], having t o do with practice, useful m practice, practising, mchnod t o act and nob theorize, v i r tual . Practical 'ity,

Prac'ticeC*ce=^'J*)» habit , systematic exercise, action as distinct from theory, professional woik.

Prac'tisei^e=t?j) [Late L. practtcure], t o do, perform, pursue as a profession, exercise in a n a r t , etc.

Prac-ti 'tion-et [formerly practician; see Practise], one who practises law or medicme.

Pragrmatic 160 Preference Prag-mat'ie, Prag-mat'ic-al [Gk. •pragmati-

cos^ skilled iu busine&s; pragma^ a deed, prassein, to do], pertaining to public busi­ness, dogmatic, medcllKiome.

Prag'mat-ist, philosoplier who estimates truth by its value for the practical affairs of life.

Prai'rie [L. pmtum, a meadow], treeless tract of level or rolling land.

Pra^e (s=z) [L. pretium^ price], speak highly of, glorify; approval, honour, joyful homage. Praise'ful.

Prance [?], spring or bound as a horse. Prank [cf. obs E. adj. praiik; .cogn. with

Du. prmiky show], to dress, adorn. Prank [?], sportive act, trick. Prate [B. imit.], talk foolishly. , Prat'tle [freq. form of Prate], talklike a child;

childish talk. Prawn [etym, doubtful], large slirimp-Iike

shell-fish. Pray [Jj- pTecS^n, to pray], make earnest

request, address God. Prayer'ful. Prayer (^air), request, expression of worsliip. Pra/er, one who prays. *Pre-, see Appendix, Latin prefixes. Preach [O.F, precher, to pijisach; L. prce,

before, dicare, to proclaim], deliver a sermon.

Preacll'i-^, preach, or moralize tediously. Pre-am'ble [L. pros, before, ambuldre, to

walk]i introduction or preface. Preb'en^da-ry [L. prahere^ to grant, jwte,

before, ?iaher€, to have], clei-gyman attached to a cathedi'al or collegiate church.

Pre-ca'ri-ous [L, precariiis^ obtained by prayer; prex (^rec-is), prayer], veiy uncertain, dangerous. Precar'iousness.

Pre-eau'tion [pre- and Caution], care or caution beforehand. Pieeau'tionary.

Pre-eefle' [L. prcc, before, cedere, to go], go before. Preces'sion, going before.

Pre-ce'dent, going before. Prec'e-dent (c^s) [see Precede], a previous

case taken as a rule. Pre-cen'tor [L. prce, before, cantor, a singer;

canere, to sing], leader of a choir. Pre'cept [L. 'prcccipere (p.p. prceceptus), to

instruct; prce, before, caperej to take], commandment, injunction.

Pre-cep'tor, one who makes rales, a teacher. Pre'cinct [L. prce, before, cmgcre (p.p.

cinctus), to gird], limit; (^l.) a district within boundaries.

Preci'ous (eci=csh) [L. pretium, price], of groat price, costly ; affectedly refined.

Pre-ci-os'ity, affected refinement. Prec'i-pice (ice=iss) [see Precipitate], very

steep cliff. Pre-oip'i-tate [L- prceceps pra;cipit-is\ prce^

before, and caput capit-is)^ head], rash; substance separated from a solution; throw headlong, hasten occurrence of.

Pre-eip-i-ta'tion, rushing down, rash haste. Pie-cip'i-tous, steep,

Pie'ois (.CIS—sec) [F.], summary. Pre-cise' [L. pr'CcJdcre (p.p. prcecisus), to

cut o2; pr(C, before, cwdere, to cut], exact, formal. Preci'sion.

Pre-clude' [L. prce, before, claudere (p.p. clausus), to slmt], shut out, prevent.

Pre-co'ci-ty (o) [L. prcEcox (prwcoc-is]; prtv^ before, and cngjicre, to cook], untimely ripeness, i'on\ arduess. Preco'ciouff.

Pie-cog-ni'tion [L. prce, before, cognoscere (p.p. cognitxis), to find out], Imowledge beforehand, preliminary examination of witnesses, esp. to discover whether there is ground for i rial.

Pre-con-ceive' [pre- (L, prai) and Conceive], form a previous notion of.

Pre-con-cerf tpre- (L. irrcd) and Concert], arrange beforehand.

Pre-cai'sor [L. prce, before, currere (p.p. cursusX to run], forerunner, a messenger.

Pred'a-to-ry [TJ. praida, plunder], plunder­ing, living on. prey. [than.

Fre^de-cease' Ipre- and Decease], die sooner Pre-de-ces'sor [IJ. prce, before, decessor, one

who goes fi'om an office ; de, from, cedere, to go], one who precedes.

Pre-des'ti-nate, Pre-des'tine pre- and Des­tine], determine beforehand.

Pre-dic'a-ment [see Predicate], trying posi­tion, plight.

Pred'i-cate [IJ. prcs^ before, dicare (p.p. dicdtus)j to tell], affirm; affirmation, (in grammar) that which is said about the sabjecfc. Prcdica'tion.

Pre-dict' [!>. prw, before, dUere (p.p. dictvs), to say], foretell. Predic'tion.

Pie-di-lec'tlon [L. prce, before, diligere (p.p. dilectus), to choose], partiality (for).

Pre-dis-pose' (s=z) [pre- and Dispose], to render liable, subject, or inclined before­hand.

Pre-dom'inant [pre- and Dominant], ruling, prevailing. Predom'inance.

Pre-dom'i-uate [pre- and Dominate], surpass in power, be chief element. [others.

Pre-em'in-ent [pre- and Etoinent], surpassing Pre-emp'tion [L. prce, before, emere (p.p.

emptus'), to buy], act or right of buying before others.

Preen [perh. variant of Prune], dress (feathers) with, the beak.

Preface [L. prce, before, fdrl (p.p. fdtus) to speak], introduction ; introduce.

Pre£'a-to-ry [see Preface], of the nature of a preface.

Pre'Ject [L. proeficere (p.p. pra'fectus), to set over; prce, before, facere, to make], Eoman governor, head of a Prench deparfcmenf, monitor.

Pre'fect-uie, period of office as a prefect, district ruled, ofQcial residence.

Pre-fer' [L. prce, before, ferre, to carry],.set above, put forward, like better, choose rather.

Pref er-ence, setting of one before another, power of choosing.

* pre-=L. pros, before.

Preferential 161 Prestig-e Pref-rer-en'tial (ti=sh\ giving or having

a preference, Pre-iei^ment, promotion. fte-flx' [pre- and Fix], ada as introduction. Pre'fix, letters placed'before a word. Preg'nant [L. prcegnans (-antis); prce, beEorej

nasci, to be born], with child, full of con­sequence or meaning. -

Pie-hen'sile lli.prchenHere (p.p.prehensus), to lay hold of; prcc, before, and handerCt to grasp], having the power of grasping.

Pre-his-tor'ic [yjrt?- and Historic], belonging to a time before written history,

Pie-judge' [3>re- and 'Judge], Pre-iu'di-cate [L. prWf be/ore, jydicdre^ to judge], judge before hearing. Prejudica'tion.

Prej'u-dice ice=iss) [h. prce, before, §vdex (3itdic-is)y a judge], prejudgment, bias, harm; give an unreasonable bent to, injure.

Pre-ju-di'cial (d^sh), biassed, injurious. Prel'a-cy, ofBce of a prelate, prelates collec­

tively. I Prel'ate [L. pr(sl5tus, set above, used as p.p.

of prceferre; see Prefer], clergyman of a superior order. Prelat'ical.

Pie-lecfc' [L- prcUi before, hz/ere (p.p. leclus), to read], read publicly, lecture. Pre-lec'tion,

Pre-lim'i-na-ry [L. pr^k^ before, Itmen (llm-i?ns)j threshold], introductory; something introductory or preparatory.

Prerude or Prelude [IJ. prcc, before, ludere^ to play], introductory movement of a musical work, preliminary performance; to introduce, foreshadow.

Prem'a-ture [L. prte, before, matttnis, ripe], too early, untimely. .'

Pre-med-i-ta'tion [pre-, and IHedita'tion], forethought.

Prem'ier (prem-yer or preem-yer') [F. premier; L. primus, first], first; first minister of state.

Prem'ise, Prem'iss [L. prw, before, mittere (p.p. missus), to send], supposition, (pi.) what has jusb been said, buhding or part of one and its adjuncts.

Pie-mise' (*=3), lay down first propositions. Pie'mi-mn [L. premium, from pr<e, before,

and emere, to take], reward, payment for insurance, addition to' nominal value.

Pren'tice [ice—iss), short'for Ap-pren'tice. Pre-mon'i-to-ry [L. prm, before, monere (p.p.

monitiis), to warn], giving previous warning.

Pre-oc'cn-py [pre- and Occupy], occupy be­fore another, to engross. [prepared.

Prep-a-ra'tion, a making ready, that which is Pre-par'a-tive, Pre-par'arto-ry [see Prepare],

making ready. Pre-pare' [L. pra^, before, pardre (p.p.

paraim), to prepare], make ready, study beforehand, compound (medicine).

Pre-pense' [A.F. purpense; pur- (L. pro), forth; peTwer, to think], intentional.

Pre-pon'der-ate [L. prce,' before, ponderare (p.p. ponderatus), to 'Weigh], outweigh, exceed in power, etc. Prepon'derance.

PrepHJ-si'tion [L, prm^ before, ponere (p.p. positu^), to put], particle governing the objective case. [favourably,

Fre-pos-sess' [L. pre- and Possess], bias, csp. Pre-pos-sess'ing, attractive. Preposses'sion. Pre-pos'ter-ous \li. pro;, before, poslcrus,

later], utterly absurd. Pre-rog'a-tive [L. prm, before, and rogare

(p.p. rogaitis), to ask], exclusive privilege, esp. of a monarch.

Pres'age [L. prcc, before, saglrc, to observe], omen, sign.

Pre-sage', foretell. Pres-by-te'ii-an [see Presbytery], (church)

governed by elders; one who belongs to the Presbyterian Church.

Pres'by-ter-y [G-k. presbyteros, elder], church court consisting of ministers and ciders, district from which thcbo are drawn, residence of B.O. pri(st.

Pre'sci-ence (sc=sh) [L. prw, before, scientia, knowledge], foresight.

Pre-scribe' [L. prm, before, scrihere (p.p. scripius), to write], give directions, indicate remedies.

Pre-scrip'tion, direction, medical recipe, right of use through custom.

Pres'ence, state of being present, noble com­pany, personal appearance.

Pres'ent [L. prcesens (-entis), present; prce, before, esse^ to be], at hand, now existing, not delayed ; gift, time now passing.

Pre-senf [see Present (adj.)], introduce, give, aim.

Presen'table, of decent appearance. Pies-en-ta'tion, a setting forth,,gift. Pre-sen'ti-ment [pre- and Sentiment], a

feeling that something (esp. evil) is going to happen.

Pres'ent-ly, at once, before long. Pre-sent'ment [see Pre-sent'J, statement,

portrait, theatrical representation. Pres-er-ra'tion, keeping safe. Pre-serve' [L. prce, before, servare, to keep],

keep; fruit preserved, place in which game is kept for private sport.

Pre-side' [L- prcesidere, to preside; prw, before, sedere, to sit], direct as chief, watch over.

Pres'i-dent, one who presides, esp. the head of a republic.

Pre-sid'i-al, Pre-sid'i-a-ry, pertaining to, serving as or having a garrison.

Press [IJ. prcmerc (p.p. pressus), to press], bear upon, squeeze, urge; a macliine for stamping or squeezing, newspapers generally, crov/d, urgency, cupboard.

Press [O.P. prester, to lend; L. prce^ forth, stdi'e, to stand], force into service.

Press'gang, body of men empowered to force men into the navy.

Pres'suie, squeezing, crushing, urgency. Pres'ti-di'gi-ta'tion [L. prcesto, ready, digitus,

finger], sleight of hand. Pres-tige' (pres-teezh' or pres'tif) [L. prces-

tigium, illusion ; prce, before, and stringerc, to bind], influence from past succ^s,

Presto 162 Privilegre Pres'to [L. prcesto^ ready]j quickly (con­

jurer's word). Pre-sume' [L. prcc, before, sUmere (p.p.

siimptus), to take], take for granted, take liberties. [conduct.

Fre-somp'tion, probability, over-confident Pie-sump'tive, based on probability. Pre-sump'tu-ous, over-confident, insolent. Pre-sup-pose' [yre- and Suppose], suppose

beforehand, imply. Pre-tence', claim, false show, excuse, Pre-tend' [L. prce, before, temere (p.p. tentm^

later iensus\ to stretch], claim, make believe. Preten'tious,

Pre-ten'sion (si—sh) [see Pretend], act of laying claim, a claim,

Prefer-it(e) [O.F, pretent\ li. prceterire (p.p. pr<sterUu3), to pass by] ; propter, beyond, and zre, to go], grammatical past tense.

Pre-ter-mif [L. prcetermiuere^ from prceler^ beyond, and miitere, to send], omit, leave oS. Pieteimis'sion,

Pre-ter-nafu-ral [L. prcei^r, beyond, and •naturalis, natural], beyqnd what is natural.

Pre'text [L. pr<B^ before, texere (p.p. textus\ to weave], pretended reason or motive.

Pret'ti-ness (ef—2f)j beauty of a trivial kind. Prefty (c=J) [O.E. pmuig], daintily beauti­

ful; moderately. Pre-vail' [L.;)r(c, before, valere,to be strong],

overcome, be in force, be in general use. Prev'arlent [IJ. prcevalens (^-eTitis), pr.p. of

prcsvalere j see PreTailj, widespread, generally received. Pre'valence,

Pre-var'icate [L. prcevdricart (p.p. prcvvari-cdtus), to prevaricate: 2>''^-> before, I'ffnciw, straddling],shiftirom direct truth.

Pre-venf [L. prce, before, and venire (p.p. ventits), to come], hinder, stop. Pre-ven'tion.

Pie'vi-ous [L. JWfC, before, via, way], happen­ing before, former,

prey [0.!P, preie^ It, pr(sda^ prey], spoil, that which is seized hy animals for food; (with. upoTi) take as prey,

Price [O.F. jris, prezs; L. pretium, price], money value, worth; to ask price of, put price on.

Prick [O.E. prica], sharp slender tool, punc­ture, sharp pain; pierce slightly, erect into a point. [Prick'ly,

Prickle [O.E. pncel]j small prick, thorn. Pride [O.E. jjrj/fe; or French origin], high

self-esteem, loftiness, the best; (reflexive vb.) be proud of.

Priest [Gk. presbyleros, elder], one who officiates at the altar, clergymaji.

Prig [?], ailectedly superior person. Prig'gisb,

Prim [17th century cant], formal, precise. Pri'mal, Pii'ma-ry, first, original. Pri'mate [Late L. primus (pnmdt-is), a chief

man; L. primus, first], archbishop. Prim'acy,

Prime [L. primus, finit], first, chief; first part, best parb, fall strength; apply powder to a gun), instruct beforehand.

Prim'er, Pri'mer ;;L. prvnvs, first], elementary reader or test-book.

Pri-me'val, Prim-se'val 'ic=ee) [h. primus^ first, cevtim, an age], belonging tjo the first ages.

Pri'm-ing [see Prime], gunpowder in pan of fire-arm,

Prim'i-tive [L. prlmvSf first], uneieiLt, ori­ginal, old-fabhioned.

Pri-mo-gen'i-tiire [L. pnmus, first, gigncre (p.p. genitus)^ to be born], system by which the eldest son succeeds to a father's real estate.

Pri-mo-gen'i-tor, earliest ancestor, ancestor. Pri-mor'di-al [L. pnmiis, first, ordlri, to

begin], first in order, fundamental, primevaL

Prim'rose [L. priTna Tosa, first rose; L. primus, first], early-flowering plant.

Prince [L. prin<:eps (j)rincip-is), first, a cliief; prlmits, first; caperc, to take], sorcrcitpi, sou of a king or emperor, title of high rank.

Prin'cos3 [see Prince], daughter of king or emperor, wife of a prince.

Prin'ci-pal, chief; leader, cliief peraon con­cerned, sum lent at interest.

Priu-d-pal'i-ty, state ruled by a prince. Prin'ci-plo [L. principium, a beginning;

see Prince], general truth, settled rule. Prink [cogn. with Prank], drcsg oneself up,

to trim feathers, Print [O.P. priente (n.), preindre (p.p.

preint), to press], to stamp, strike off impressions from type j an impression, esp. from type, publjc-ition, printed cloth.

Pri'or [L. prior, former; used as comp. of superl, primus, first], former; head o£ (a religious house).

Pri-or'i-ty, precedence. Pri'or-y, monastery or nunnery governed by

a prior. Prise. Same as Prize.s Prism (5=5) [Gk. prisma iprismaZ-os), a

prism, lit. a piece sawn o^ ; Gk. prizcin, to saw], solid Tcith two opposite faces con-

-nected by parallelograms, esp. triangular prism of glass used for analysing light.

Pria-mat'ic, prism-shaped, mEmy-colouied like light analysed by a prism.

Pris'on (s=2) [L. prensio, a seizing; pre-Jtendere (p.p. prehensus), to seize], pkice of confinement or restraint. Pris'oner.

Pris'tine [l?. pristinus, ancient, allied to primus, first], ancient, as at first.

Pri'thee (^,1 pray thee. Pri'vate [L. prlvutus, orig. p.p. of priture, to

deprive], peculiar to oneself, secret; ordinary soldier. Priv'acy.

Pri-va-teer', private sliip with a commission to make vrar on. an enemy.

Pli-va'tion, taMng away, destitution, need. PriVet [orig, obscure], ornamental evergreen

shnib. Priv^i-lege [L, privus, private, single, lex

(leg-is), law], peculiar benefit or right; give privilege to.

iPrivy* l63 Project Priv'y, priyate, privately knowing; latrine. Prize 1 [i\ prise, capture; L. -prehendere

(p.p. prehensiisX to sei^c], somefching captured.

Prize2 jjj, preiium, pricr, valuej, reward; Talue highly. "

Prize,uprise (s=2) [F. prise, a grasp; L. prehendere, to seize], force by leverage;

Pio'a [Malay prdhu, '.prdu, a proa], Malay boat.

PEOT]-a-bil'i-ty, likelihood. ErQTj' Tljle [ij* prdbare, to prove], likely,

believable. Pro'bate [L. proh&re (pip. prohdtus)y to prove],

official proof of a will, Pro-l)a'tion [see Probate], trial, system of

releasing Oxst oliendGrs under friendly supervision. Proba'tionary.

Pro-ba'tion-er, person'on probation. Probe [L. probate, to prove], surgeon's

instrument; examine with a probe, search to the bottom.

Prob'i-ty [li. prohus, good], uprightness. Prob'lem [G-k. problema (problemat-os); pro,

for\Vard, ballein, to throw], matter stated for proof, doubfiul or difficult case, some­thing to be done. .

Piob-lem-af ic, not shown in fact, donbtM. Pro-bos'cia (boscis=bossis) [G-k. pro, in front,

and boscmi, to feed]; snout, a trunk. Pro-ce'dure, manner of proceeding, conduct. Pro-ceed'' [L. prS, before, and cedere (sup.

cessuni), to go], go on. Pro-ceed'ing, action, • (pi.) legal action,

account of learned society's doings. Pro'ceeds, yield, sum from a sale, etc. Pro'cesa, progress, course, proceeding. Pro-ces'sion, advancing train of pei^ons. Pro-claim' [L. pro, forth, claindre (p.p.

clamatus), to call], publish, declare. ^ PrO"Cla-ma'tion, general notice, publication.

Pro-eliv'i-ty [L. pro, forward, clTvuSy aslope], inclination, tendency.

Pro-eras'ti-nate [L. pr,d^ forward, eras, to­morrow], put oa. Proerastina'tion.

Proe'tor [shortened form of Procurator], one who acts for another, a disciplinary, esp. in a university.

Pro-cum'bent [1J. pro, forward, curribere, to recline], lying on the face. [another.

Proe'u-ia-tor [see Procuie], one who acts for pro-cure' [L. jwo, fortli, and ctirare (p.p.

curdliis), take care of], to gain, get, con­trive. Procur'able. „

Prod [?], pricking instrument as a goad, a prick ; to prick, goad.

Prod'i-gal [L- prddigvsi lavish; pro, forth, and agcre, to do], waster; extravagant. Prodigal'ity.

Pro-di'gious (^i~j\ amazing, huge. Prod'i-gy [I/, prodi^ium, a token, fr, j?r<5,

forth, and agium, a saying], marvel. Pio-duce' [L. pro-, forth, and dUcere (p.p.

ductus), to lead], bring forth, show, extend in length. ^

Proi'uce, that which is produced.

Prod'uct, outcome. Pro-duc'tion, act of producing, work. Pro-dnc'tive, Pro-duc-tiv'i-ty, [preface. -Pro'em [Gk. jjro, before, oimos, a way], Prof-a-na'tion, irreverent treatment (ot

sacred things). Pro-fane' [L. pro, before, fUnura, a temple],

not sacred, unholy; treat with irreverence. Pro-fan'i-ty, profane language, Pio-less' [I/. profUerl (p.p. professus), to

profess; pro, forth, and/a^^rZ, to speak], declare openly, lay claim.

Pro-fes'sion, declaration, calling. Pro-fea'sion-al, of a profession ; (in sport),

playing for a wage. Pro-fess'or, one who avows belief, publio

teacher, esp. in a university. Proffer [L. pr5, forth, ferre, to' bring], offer for

acceptance. Pro-fi'cient (ct==5ft) [L. pro, forward, facere,

to make], well-sldlled. Profl'ciency, skill. Pro'flle [It. profiU), profile; L. pro, before,

fUum, a thread], outline, side face. Profit [L. projlcere (p.p. prOficius), to profit;

f rO, before,/acere, to make], gain; to gain, 0 benefit.

Prof-it-eer' (war word), one who exacts ex­cessive profit; to take too much profit.

Profit-arble, yielding gain, useful. Prof li-gate [L. prdfltgdre (p.p. prOfiigatus),

to dash down; pro, forward, fiigerCj to dash], wicked, recklessly extravagant; wicked person. Frof'iigacy.

Pro-iound' [L. pry, forward,/undtw, bottom], deep, learned, intense.

Pro-fun'di-ty, depth. Pro-fuse' (rfyooss) [L. profusus (p.p. of pro-

fundere), to pour forth], pouring forth with fullness.

Pro-fa'sion, abundance, lavish supply. Pro-gen'i-tor [L. prd, before, gignere (p.p.

genitus), to beget], forefather. Pro-gen*S-tuie, begettmg of offspring. Prog'e-ny (p, g=)), children. Prog'nath-ous [&k. pro, before, gnathos,

jaw], with nroiecting jaws^ Prog-nos'ti-cate [G-k. progiwsticon, omen;

pro, before, gignoscein, to know], foretell from signs, prophesy. Prognostica'tion.

Pro'gramme [Gk. pro, before, gramma, a writing], plan of proceedings.

Pro'gress or Prog'ress [L. progredl (p.p. prd-gressm'), to advance; pri>^ forward, griidi, to walk], moving forward, advance.

Pro-gress', go on, advance. Pro-gies'sive, moving forward, advancing,

favouring progress. Pro-hib'it [L. proMbere (p.p. prohibitus),

to prohibit; prd, before, habere, to have], forbid.

Pro-hi-bi'tion, a forbidding. Pro-hib'it-ivfis Pro-hib'itro-jfy, tending to

forbid or exclude. Proi'ect, plan. Pro-iecf [L. projicere (p.p. projecUis), to

project; pr5, before, jacere, to throw], cast forward, to plan.

Projectile 164 Prose Pro-jee'tile, a missile. [plan. Pro-jeo'tion, juttrng out, part jutting out, a Pro'Iate [L. prolutus; pTo^ forward, and

latus, carried], lengthened in tbe direction of the polar axis, widespread.

pj:o-Ie-ta'ri-an[L.j»r6^e£arus, cue V7ho served the State hy having children; prdleSj offspring], belonging to the commonalty.

Pio-lif'ic [M.L. pTolificfus; perh. fr. proles^ offspring, and/acere, to make], fruitful,

Pro'lix or ]£'ro-lix' [L. pro^ forth, liquerc^ to flow], long, tedious.

PrologKe [Gk. pTO^ before, logos, speech], preface to a poem, play, etc. '

Pro'-log-ofize, write or speak a prologue. Pro-Ions', lengthen, draw out. Pro'lon-gate [L. pro, before, longus, long],

extend in space or in time. Prom-e-nade' [F. prommer, to walk; L.

pro, forward, minuTe, to drive], public walk; to walk for pleasure.

Prom'i-nent [L. prJ, forward; minere (pr.p. •minenSf -entis), to project], jutting, out­standing, eminent. From'inence.

Pro-mis'eu-ous PL. prd^ forward, miscSre, to mix], mingled, indiscriminate, Pro-miscu'ity.

Prom'ise [L. pro, forward, and mittere (p.p. missus)J to send], assurance, given to do or give something; engage to do, etc.

Prom'is-ing, likely to turn out well, full of promise.

R:om'is-so-ry, containing a promise (esp. promise to pay).

Prom'on-to-ry [perh. fr. L. prominere, to jut out], high cape.

Pro-mote' [L. pro, forward, movSre (p.p. motus), to move], forward, raise.

Pro-mo'tion, advance, preferment. Prompt [L. promere (p.p. prompius), to bring

forward; pro, forward, and cmere, to take], ready and quick; move to action, suggest.

pEompt'er, one who reminds an actor o£ his next words.

Prompf i-tude, quickness and readiuess. Prom'iil-gate [L. promulgare (p.p. promul-

gdtus)f to publish. Orig, unknown], make known by declaration. Promulga'tion.

Prone [L. promts, prone], inclined, prostrate. Prong [?], tine or sharp point of a fork. Pro-nom'in-al, of the nature oE a pronoun. Pro'noun [L. prd^ for, admen, a name], word

used instead of a noun. Pro-noanc8' [L. prd, forth, nunlidre (p.p.

nuntiatus), to tell], speak out, deliver. Pro-noimce'ment, considered declaration or

opinion, Pro-nun-ci-a'tion, mode of utterance. Proof [L. probare, to test], test, evidence,

trial impression from type; of tried strength, etc.

Prop [?], to support; that which supports. Prop-a-gan'da [It. fr. Mod. L. Congrcgatio de

pTopagaT\da fide, society (in Rome) for the propagation of the faith], plan for spread­ing principles.

Prop-a-gan'dist, one who spreads principles.

Prop'a-gate [L. propagSre (p.p. prdpdgdtus'; pro, before, and perh. pangerc, to fasten], multiply, spread. Propaga'tion.

Pro-pel' [L. jyro, fo ; ard, pellere (p.p. pulsus), to drive], drive forward.

Pio-peVler, screw for propelling a steam­ship, airsliip or aeroplane.

Pio-pen'si-ty [L. pro, forward, pc-ndere (p.p. pensus), to hang], natural inclination, tendency.

Prop'er [L. proprins, one*s own], own, fit, handsome, rightly so-called,

Piop'er-ty [L. proprUtas, property, propriety; proprius^ one's own], peculiar quality, ownership, thing owned, (jpl.) stage re­quisites.

Proph'e-cy (y= 0) a foretelling, preaching. Proph'e-sy (y=5) [see Prophet], foretell,

preach, Pioph'et [Gk. prophetes, a prophet; j>ro,

before, and phanai, to speak], one who speaks in the name of God, foreteller, one inspired to foretell. Prophet'ic.

Pro-phyl-ae'tic[Gk. pro, before, pAw?R55eiH, to keep guard], tencUug to prevent disease.

Pro-pin'qui-ty [L. propinquus (adj.), near, prope (adv.), near], nearness, close kinship.

Pro-pi'ti-ate (t—sh) [see Propitious], render favourable, appease. Piopitia'tion,

Pro-pi'tious (/=5/0 [L. pro, forward, peters, "• to seek], favourable.

Pro-pi'ti-a-tor-y, likely or meant to appease. Pro-por'tion t^* ytJ, before, porlio par-

tio3v-is)yi portion], comparative relation, comparative part, share, (JJI.) dimensions ; make proportionate.

Pro-por'tion-al, Pro-por'tiou-ate, having a due proportion, in suitable degree.

Pro-por'tion-ate, make proportional. Pro-po'sid, that which is proposed, an offer. Pro-pose' [!>. pro, before; P. poser, to place],

oiler, to puri)ose. ^ Piop-0-si'tion pj . pro, forth, poncre (p.p.

positiis), to put], something offered for discussion or acceptance.

Pro-pound' [formerly pro-poune; L. pro, forth, ponere, to put], offer for consideration.

Pro-pri'e-ta-ry, considered as property, in private owjiership.

Pro-pri'e-tor (fem. -tress or -trix), owner. Pro-pri'e-ty [I^. proprietas^ propriety, pro­

perty; proprius, one's own], quality of being proper, fitness. [forward.

Pro-pul'sion [see Propel], act of driving Pro-rogue' [1-J. pro, forth, rogure, to ask],

adjourn ^\ithout dissolving members, delay, Pioioga'tion.

Pro-sa'ic [M.L. prosaicus; see Prose], un-poetical, didl.

Pio-scrihe' [i^. pro, forth, scrHbcre (p.p. scriptxis\ to write], outlaw, prohibit.

Pro-scrip'tion, outlawry, complete rejection. Prose (s=z) [L. prosa (prdtio), direct speech;

pT5sa, fem. of prdsus, earlier prorsus, short for proversus; pro, forward, and vertere (p.p. versus)^ to turn], ordinary non-metrical language,

^Prosecute 165 Prurient Pros'e-cute [L. prd, 'forward, sequl (p.p.

secutus)y to follow], carry on, follow, take legal action against.'' Prosecu'tioB.

Pros'e-Iyte [Gt. prosebjios; frds^ to, elytos^ fr. stem, elyth, come], new convert to a religion.

Pro'se-lyt-ize, gain converts. Proa'o-dy [G-t. pros, to,- ode, an ode], law^ of

versification, Prosod'ic. Pros'pect [L, prospicere (p.p. prospectus) ;

pr5, forward, specere^ to look], outlook, espeatabion.

Pro-speof, explore for metals. Pro-spee'tive, looking forward, future. Pro-Spec'tus, account of something proposed. Pios'per IL, prosper, prosperous], succeed,

thrive. Pros-per'i-ty, good fortune, success. Pros'pei-ous [L. prosper^ prosperous; prd,

for, spes, hope], successful, thriving. Pros'tit-ute [XJ. prd, forth, statttere, to place],

to devote to base or unworthy uses; a woman of low fame. .Proatitu'tion.

Pros'trate pj . pro, froward, stemere (p.p. stratus), to spread], lying at length; tlurow down, deprive of strength, Piostra'tion,

Pio'sy (5=2), dull and tedious. Pro-tag'o-nist [Gk. prdtos, first, agOnistSs,

combatant], leading character in play or story, champion of a cause.

Pro'te-an [G-k. Froteiis, sea-god], taking varioi:^ shapes,

Pro-teef C . pro^ forward, tegere (p.p. tectits^ to cover], guar,d, shield.

Pro-tec'tion, preservation, shelter. Pro-tect'or, one who protects, regent in

chaise of kingdom. Proteo'tive. Pro-tecf OE-ate, office of protector of state,

protectorship by a 'stronger state of territory inhabited by,native tribes.

Pro'te-id (e=ee), substance oi nature ot albumen.

Pro'te-in (e—ee) [Gk, prqteios, primary], first element in any compound.

Pro-test' [L. pro^ forth, • testarl, to witness ; testis, a witness], declare solemnly, avow.

Pro'test, formal objection. Prof es-tant [see Protest] ,'!Ohristian not of the

Roman Catholic or the Greek Church. Prot-es-ta'tion, avowal, esp. of dissent. Pro'to-Kjol [Gk. prdtos, first, coUa, glue], rough

draft of a treaty, etc., formal state­ment. \

Pro'to-plasm [Gk. protosj-^xsi, plasma, form], cgli substance of living bodies. Proto-plaa'mic.

Pro'to-type [Gk. jwoios, ^ first, typos, type], original or model.

Pro-teaef [L. pro, forth, irahere (p.p. tractus), to draw], draw out. Protrac'tion.

Pro-tracfor, instrument for measuring angles.

Pro-trude' [L. prd, forth, trudere (p.p. - (riUwj), to thrust], thrust forward, stick

out. Pro-tru'sion (si=zk), act of thrusting

forward. '•

Pro-tu'ber-ance [L. prOiUberdre (pr.p. prS-iUberans), to bulge out; prO, forward, ttther, a swelling], swelling, knob. Pro-tub'erani.

Pioud [O.E. p7-iit, prM fr. O.P. pnid, prod, valiant], naughty, lordly, grand, over­grown (flesh).

Prove [L. probdre, to test], test, establisii, verify, turn out to be.

Piov'en-der [O.F. provendre; Late L. prcebenda, provender, also a prebendary], dry food for animals.

Prov^erb [L. pr6, forth, vefbum, a word], short, pithy saying.

Pro-vei'bi-al, expressed in proverb, notorious. Pro'vi-anfc [see Provender], food supply, esp.

of army, Pro-vide' [L. prS, before, videre (p.p.

visus), to see], supply, prepare for. Prov'i-dence, foresight, God's care, God. ProVi-dent, forecasting, careful. Provi-den'tial (ti=sh), referable to divine

care. Provi-den'tial-ly. Prov'ince [L. provincia. Etym. doubtful],

portion of an empire or state, proper place. Pro-vin'cial (d=sh), pertaining to a pro­

vince, countrified. Provindal'ity. Pro-vin'eial-ism, provincial nianner, word or

phrase peeufiar to province. Plo-vi'sion (si=zli), preparation, (pL) a stock

of food. Pro-vi'sioii-al, partial or temporary, Pro-vi'so [see Provide], conditional clause.

Provia'ory, Pro-vo-ca'tion, cause of anger. Pro-voc'a-tivc, causing feeling, esp. anger. Pro-voke' [IJ. pro, forth, wcdre (p.p. vocdtus),

to call], call forth, irritate. Ptov'ost [L. prcepositus, a prefect; prcc,

before, and positiis, p.p. of ponere, to place], chief magistrate in Scotland, president of certain colleges, chief dignitary of a cathedral or collegiate church.

Prow [L. and Gk. prGra, a prow; pro, before], - fore part of a vessel. [skill. Prow'e^ [O.F. prou, valiant], bravery and Prowl [etym. doubtful], rove about stealthily. Proi'im-ate [L. proximus, nearest], nearest, Prox-im'i-ty, immediate nearaess. Prox'i-mo (for L, proximo jy2ense=ln next

month), of nest month. PiOx'y [earlier procuracy; see Piocvue],

substitute, agency for another. Prude [O.F. prou, earlier prod, excellent],

one who affects great modesty. Prnd'ish. Ptu'dence [L. prudens (jprudent-is), short for

prdvideiis, foreseeing; pr5,forward,vidSre^ to see], practical wisdom, discretion.

Pru'dent, wise and cautious. [dence. Pru-den'tial (ti=sh), proceeding from pru-Prune [?], cut ofE, trim. Prune C * ^- ^ ' P^nurn; Gk. prot((inynon, a

plum], dried plum. Pru-nel'la \V. prunelle, a sloe], coarse woollen

stuff. Prur'i-ent [I/, prurireipr.^. prurlens), toitch]^

inclined to lewd thoughts and sights.

P r y 166 Pundit Pry [etym. doubtful], peep narrowly, inspect

closfily. Psalm (al= ah) [Gt. 'psalmos, song sung to the

harp ; psallein^ to twang a harp], sacred song or hymn.

Psalm'o-dy or Psal'mo-dy [Psahn and GL-. SdSj ft song], practice of singing psalms, psalms collectively.

Psal'ter (a=aw) [Gk. psalierion, a land of harp], Book of Psalms.

i^salier-y (a^^aw) [sec Psalter], ancient and mediisval stringed instrument played by plucking,

Pseu'do-nym [Gk, psendos, false, onoma^ name], pen name. Psendon'ymous,

Psy'chic, Psy'chiC'al (c?t=fc) [Gk. psyche, soul, life, breath], pertaining to the soul or mind.

Psy-chi'a-try (f) [Gk. psyche, soul, iatros, physician], treatment of mental disease.

Psy-chol'o-gy (ch=l) [Gk. psyche, life, soul, logos, a discourse], science of mind.

Ptar'mi-gan [Gael, tarmachan. Etym. doubt­ful], kind of grouse.

Pto-maine t*^ ' Poma, corpse], bodies usually poisonous in putrefying matter.

Pa'be>ty [L. pUhertdts]^ age of maturity. Pub'lic [fj. pwUciis, earlier popUcus, public ;

populiis, people], pertaining to the people, general, open.; people indefinitely,

pDfa'li-can [see Public], keeper of a public-house, (Rom. hist.) a tax-farmer, tax-gatherer.

Pab-li-ca'tion [see Publish], making known, act of offering a book, etc., to the public by sale, that which is published.

Pnb-Ii'ci-ty [see Public], state of being widely known.

Pab'li-cist [F. puhliciste; see Public], writer on international law or current topics.

Fub'lish [L, publicare (p.p. publicdlns), to publish; pvblicus, public], make public, print and issue from the press. [brown,

Puce [I", puce, flea], flea-colour, purplish-Pack'er [perh. cogn. with Poke i], gather into

folds or wrinkles. Pud'ding (w=00) [M..B, poding; perh. conn. ,• with JJ". boudin'], kind of food, Pud'dle EM.E, podel; perh. dim. of O.E.

pudd, a ditch], muddy pool; convert cast iron into wrought iron, make watertight with clay.

Pud'gy [?], short and fat. Pa'e>ile [L. puer, boy], boyish, childish.

Pueril'ity. Pu-er'per-al [X. puer, boy, partis, bearing],

due to child-birth, Puff [E. imit,], whifT, a light pastry ; blow

in whiffs, swell with air, praise unduly. Puffin [?], kind of sea bird. [nose. Pug [?], kind of dog with short head and Pu'gil-ism [L, piufU, a boxer> allied to pugnus,

the fist], boxing. Pu'gUist. Pug-na'cious (ci=sh') [L. puynax (ptu/nHc-is),

combative; p2tgn5re, to fight], quarrel­some, fighting, Pugnac'ity.

Puis-ne (pU-7it) [O.P. jJwz'.?, after; nd, born; IJ. post n&UiS, born after], law tciin for inferior in rank.

Pu'is-sanl, Pu-is'sanfc (or pmss=pwiss) [R puissanf; l%.possmte, poweriul; L. posse^ to bo able], powerful, nii ^hty, Puiss'ance.

Pu'Iing [h\ piauleT', to whimper; imit.], whining, wldmpering. [tug.

Pull (M=OO) [O.H. puUian], di-aw, pluck; a Pull'et (it=oo) [F. potdet, dim. of poidc, hen ;

L. pullvs (fem. pulla), young animal], young hen.

Piil'ley 11=00) [Gk. polidion^ dim. of polos^ a pivotj, grooved wheel turned in a block by a cord.

Poll'man [from d^igner named Pullman, railway saloon-carriage.

Pul'mo-na-ry [L. pidmo (jpidmdii-is), lung], pertaining to the lungs.

Pulp [L. pulpa, pulp], soft, moist matter; reduce to i)ulp.

Pul'pib (w=oy) [L. pulpitum, scaffold, stage], raised desk or platform.

Pul'sate [L. pidsdre (p.p. puls&tus), freq. of pellere, to drive], throb. Piilsa'tion.

Pulse [L. puis (puU-is), pap of meal, etc.], seeds of pod-plants.

Pulse [L. pcUcre (p.'p. pulsus), to drive], measured or regular boat; to pulsate.

Pul'ver-ize [L. pulnis (^ulver-ls), dust], reduce to line powder. [animal.

Pu'ma [Peruv, puma\, American wild Pum'iee (5) [O.E. pumic-si&n, pumice-stone;

L. pUmez (pumic-is), pumice], spongj' lava.

Pump [F. pompe; Ger. pumpe; of imit. origin], machine for raising fluids; raise with a pmap.

Pump [?J, thin-solcd shoe worn with evening dress.

Pump'kin \e,:x.-iM^v pumpion\ li. pepo (pepOn-is); Gk. pcpon, lai^e melon], tx*ailing plant and its fruit.

Pun. [?], play upon words; niake puns. Pun'ster.

Punch [Hind, panch, five, from number of ingredients], alcoholic drink diluted and flavoured.

Punch [short for Punchinello], buffoon of a puppet-show.

Punch [XJ. pvngere (p.p. puncius), to prick],-tool for stamping or making lioles; give a blow, make holes with a tool.

Pun'eheon [L. punctio (piinctmi-is), a prick­ing], largo cask for liquids.

Pun-chi-nel'lo [It. pukincUo, buffoon, dim. of pidcino, young chicken], buffoon, originally in a puppet show.

Puuc-tU'io (i—y) [It. puntiglio, dim. ofpunCo, point], nice point of honour, etc. [conduct.

Punc-til'iou3, attentive to nice points in Punc'tu-al [U punctinn, a point], up to time,

)rompt. Punctual'ity. ' [points. Punc'tu-ate [ L. pu-rxclvm, a point], mark with Punc'turo U^ pimgcre (j^.p. pxmctus), to

prick], holo made by a point; to prick. Pun'dit [Hind. pandi(li leai'ued man,

Pungrent 167 P y x Pun'gent [L, pungms (^entis), pr.p. of ^ pungere, to prick], isharp and biting.

Pun'gency, sharpness of odour. Itm'ish [L. pun'ire, to punish, -pcmxa, punish­ment], inflict penalty for a fault, Pun'isU-iaent, [menfc.

Pu'ffl-tive [see f uniah], pertaining to punish-Pflrfka/i lEJnd.pankha', a punkhaj, machine

foi\jEanning a room. , Pun'^er, one giren to punning. Punt CL. pontOy a punt, woiO. of. Graulish

origin], oblong, flat-bottomed boat. Pu'ny C e Puisne], small and weak, Pup, Pap'py [pcrh. from P. poupee; L. pupa^

a doll],young dog. , Pu'pa ['b./p'SpOy gill, doll, chrysalis], insect

after th& larva stage, chrysalis, Pu'pil [L. p&pilla, fem. of pUpillm, a ward],

black cemre of the ,eye; scholar under an instructor,

Pu'pil-age, Pu'piU-age, minority. Pup'pet ilKpoupetie, doll, dim, of L. pupa],

doUj figure moved by a wire. Pur'blind [earlier pureblind, Fore and Blind],

partiy blind, seeing obscurely'. Pitt'chase [O.F. purchacer (vb.), porchas (n.) ;

pur (P, pour), for; and ckacer, to chase], buy; buyuig, that which is bought, lererage, 'Pur'chasable.

Pure [L. purus, pure], unmised, clear, clean, innotxnt.

Pitt-^e [e€=ai) IP.], soup passed through sieve.

Pur'ga-to-ry [see Pui^e], place of puriiication after death, Purgator'ial.

Purge [L. purgare (p.p. purgatiis^ to purge], cleanse, clear, purify ; that which purges, Purga'tion, ';

Pu'ri-^ [P. purifier, to pin-ify; L. pUrus, Xi\ii<i,fa€erc, to make], make pure or clean. Puriflca'tion,

Pu'riat, one who is excessively careful m the choice of words,

Pu'ri-tan [see Pure], member of Protestant sect in jBlizabeth's reign, one extremely strict in reUgion or morals. Pu'ritanism, Purita'nical.

Pu'ri-ty, condition of being pure. purl [coafcr, of ptirjle; l!\par^ through, and

fil, thread (L. per a.n6. Jllumy], inversion of stitches in knitting-

Purl, ripple and murmur. Pur'h'eu [O.P. povralce; O.P. pur Ci\ pour),

for, alee, a going], enyirons, neighbour­hood.

Pur-loin' [O.P. purhigner, to prolong, steal; L. prolongare', prolong; pro, forward, longiis, long], steal,

Pnr'ple [L. purpura, purple], colour formed by combining red and blue.

Pur'porfc [see Purport'], meaning. Pur-port'[O.F.p«rj)orie^,fr.j7wr(F.jJOwr),lor,

and porter^ to carry (L. prd, and portare)], mean, profess.

Put'pose [L. prppo-nere (p.p. propositus), to propose], view, intention; intend,

Parr [imit.], murmur of a cat.

Purse [Late L. bursa, a purse ; Gk. bursa., a hide], money-bag; pucker,

Puis'lane [O.iF, porcelaine; L. poriuWcay purslane], herb used in salads.

Piur'seTj account-keeper in a passenger vessel, Pur-su'ance [see Puisne], following out or

alter, Pur-su'ani, In accordance with. Pur-sue' [O.P. porsuir, to pursue; L. prSy

forth, sequi, to follow], follow, chase. Pur-suif, a following, chase, occupation, Pur'sy [O.F, poUif^ short-winded; poUer,

to breathe; see Pulsate], fat and short-winded.

Pur'u-lent [L. pils (^ir-xs), matter], consist­ing of pus.

Pur-vey' (-i-at) [A.F. purveter^ to provide; see Provide], provide food as a business.

Pur-ve/or, one who provides victuals, Pur'view [O.F. porveu, p.p. of porvoir, to

provide], scope, range. [festering, Pus 111. puSf matter], yellowish fluid from Push [F. pousscTf to push; L. pulsdre, to

beat, to tlurust], drive by pressure, make one's way; a thrust, aggressive energy,

Pu-sil-lan'i-mous [L. pusillus, mean,ammiw, soul], cowardly, PusiUanim'ity.

Pus'tule [L. pustula^ pustule; see Pus], pimple containing pua

Put [O.E, putian, ppian, to place, set. Put, Putt (u pron. as in pup) [see Put], hurl,

strike (golf ball) gently towards hole, Pu'ta-tive [I/, putare, to suppose], supposed. Pu-tr8"fac'tion, oSensive decay, Pu'tre-fy [L. puirel\eri\ putmSf rotten,

facerOf to make], become putrid. Pu-tres'cent [L. putrescere (pr.p. putrescens,

'entis)j to grow rotten; putrere, to rot], becoming rotten.

Pu'trid [li. putriditSy rotten], rotten, foul. Put'tee [Hind, patti, bandage], strip of cloth

for winding spirally round the leg. Put'ty fF. poUe, lit, potful], thick paste of

whiting and oil. Pua'zle [?], something which perplexes; per-

ples, confuse, get at by patient thought. Pyg'my, Pig'my (Gk. pygme, 13J ins. from

elbow to knucMe, also a fist], dwarf. Py-ia'mas OJ= i or 0 [Pers. pae^ foot, jamah,

clothing], sleeping-suit. Pyr'a-mid [Grk. pyramis (pyramU-os), perh.

of Egyptian origin], solid with triangular sides. Pyiam'iaal,

Pyre [Gk. pyra, pyr, fire], funeral pile. Pyi-o-tech'nies, Pyr-o-tech'ny (c/i=fe) [Gk.

p/r, fire, teohne, art], art of makiog fire­works.

Pyr'r/tic [fr, Pyrrhus, King o£ Epirus], (victory) gained at too great cost,

Py'thon [L. python; Gk. python, serpent slain by Apollo; Gk. FylM, older name of Delphi], very large serpent.

Pyx [L. and Qik, pyxis, a bos ; Gk. pyxos, bos wood), bos which contains the com­munion bread in the B.0, Church, bos containing specimen coins at the Mint; to test at Mint.

Quack 168 Qiuickset

Quack (&) [imit.], utter the cry of a duck; duc]i's cry, false pretender to skill.

Quad-rau'gle * [L, qxcatuor, four, angulus, an angle], four-sided figure, court surrounded by buUdiiigs. Quadian'gular.

Qnad'iant [L. quadrans -aJitis) a fourth part; quatuovy four], quarter of a circle, instru­ment for angular measurement.

Quad-rafic [L. quadrdre (p.p. quadrdtus) to make square], pertaining to squares.

Quad-ri-Iafer-al [L. quatuor^ four, latus (later-is), a side], four-sided; four-sided figure.

Qu&-dril?e' [Sp, cuadrilla, meeting of four persons ; cuadra, a square], square dance.

Qaad-Eooa' tSp. cuano; L. quartus^ a fourth], person of quarter-negro blood.

Quad'ru-ped [L. ^uadrupcdus, four-footed; qitodru-y four times; pes Qpcd-is\ foot], four-footed animal.

Quad'ru-ple [L. miadruphis, fr. quatuor, four, plicare, to fold], fourfold. Quadru'plicate.

Quaff (a) [?]) drink in large draughts. Qua^ga (d) [EafQr], striped S. African wild

ass. Quag'mire C ) [perh. qiial-c-mire], bog. Quail [?], cower. Quail [O.B'. quaille, perh. imit.], bird of the

partridge family. Quaint [0.3?. coinie; L. cognoscere (p.p.

cognitus), to know], odd and antique. Quake [0 B. cwaciani, shake, quiver. Qua'ker [fr. Quake], one of the Society of

Friends. Qnal-i-fi-ca'tion, that which qualifies. Qual'i-Jy [-L. qualis, such; facere, to make],

to fit, to make oneself fit, modify. Qual'i-ta-tive, depending ou quality, Qual'i-ty [L. qualisy of such a kind], nature,

characteristic, rank. Qualm (al—ah) [O.E. cwealm, pestilence],

sick feeling, prick of conscience. Quan-da'ry, Quan'da-ry [?],' state of per­

plexity. Quan'ti-ty [L. quantits, how much], amount,

bulk, portion. Quan'titative. Quar'au-tine dne—een) [P,g«ara7i(«fne, space

of forty days; F. quaranle^ L. quadrdgincay forty], isolation imposed on ships, etc., from infected places; to impose such isolation.

Qaar'rel [L. querSla^ complaint; g«en, to complain], disagreement, angiy dispute; dispute angrily. Quaf relsome.

Quai'rel [Late L. quadrelUis^ fr. L. quadrus, square], square^headed cross-bow bolt.

Quar'ry [orig. parts of slain deer placed on hido and given to hounds; IJ. corium, a hide], animal pursued for prey.

Quar'ry [L. quadraria, quarry for squared stoaes; L, quadrdre, to square], stone pit ; dig from a quarry, [gallon.

Quart [li. quartus, fourth], fourth part of a * After QM, a almost always=if.

Quar'ter [L. quartus, fourth], fourth part, 8 bushels, 28 lbs,; locality, mercy; <pL) lodgings; divide into four equal parts, lodge.

Quar'te>fleck, part of the upper deck froin the aftermast to the stern.

Quar'tem [L. qimrtusy fourth], 4-lb. loaf. Quar-tet', Quar-tetie' [It, quartetto, dim. of

quarto (L, qimrlus), fourth], musical com­position in four parts, party of four.

Quar'to [IJ. (in) quarto^ (in) a fourth part], originally a book with 4 leaves to thcsheet, now a book nearly square and usuaKy large.

Quartz [Ger. quarz. 'ktym. doubtfal], rock consisting of silica.

Quash [L. quassdre, freq, of qua^ere (p.p, quassus), to shake], squash, crush, annul.

Quas'si-a (kwdssia, kwdslia, or Jmdsha) [fr. Quassi, name of a negro of Sur jaam], bitter tree of S. America.

Qua-ter'na-ry L. quaterni, four at a time; quatuor^ four], consisting of four.

Quafc'rain [L. quatuor, four], four lines rhym­ing alternately.

Qua'ver [fr. obs. quave, cogn. with Quake], tremble ; shake of the voice, note,equal to half a crotchet.

Quay (Jcee) [JI.E. and 0,F. kau, a quay; cf. ]3ret. kae; TV. cae, an enclosure ; modern P. quaij, wharf where vessels are loaded, etc.

Quean [O.E. cwene, woman], jade. Quea'sy [Icel. \thra-kveisa, colic; 3?orw.

kveis, sickness after a debauch, origin doubtful], affected with nausea, over­scrupulous. Queas'lness.

Queen [O.E. cw tt,a woman], female monarch, king's wife, ])erfect female bee, (in chess) piece with greatest freedom of movement, one of a suit of cards. [cal.

Queer [perh. Q-. quer, crosswise], odd, whimsi-QueU [O.E. cwellan, to kill; cwelan, to die],

put down, to caUn. Quench [M.E. cwcnkan'\, extinguish, allay.

Quench'able. [corn. Quern [O.E. cweorri], band-miil for grinding Quer'u-lous [L. gucrif to complain], com­

plaining, fretful. Quer'ulousnesa. Que'py [L. qucere, 2nd sing. imp. of quccrere,

to seek], anything asked, or to bo asked about; ask, doubt.

Quest [L. qumrere (p.p. qucEsit2ts\ to seek], search, request; to search.

Ques'tion, an asking, enquiry ; ask. Ques'tion-arWe, disputable, doubtful, Queue (Jcew) [F. queue \ L. cauda, a tail],

pigtail, line of people vi?aitiiig. Quib'ble [dim. of ob?. quib, a sarcasm; quib,

a form of Quip], a shift from the point in qu^tion, fcrille in argument. [rapid.

Quick [O.E. cwicu], living, ready, nimble, Quick'en, make or become alive, make

faster. Quick'sand, ma^ of loose wet sand that

engulfs objects. Quick'set, formed of living plants.

Quicksilver 169 Kaffish Qmck'silver, mercury. [chewing, Quid [var. of Cud], piece of tobacco for Qui-es'cent (I) [L qmescere (pr.p. qmescins^

-entiiX to be still], at rest. Qui'et [L qutes Qjmet-is), rest], free from noise,

still; stillness, peace; to calm. Qui'e-tude, rest, calmness. Qui-e'tus (i), discharge, acquittance. QuiU t?]) large feather of a wing, pen made

from a feather stem, one of a porcupine's spines, fold or plciit of a ruff; plait m qujlls.

Qadt [L. culcita, a cushion], bedcover, esp. when quilted, ]om layers by cross lines of stitching.

Quince [ong. pi of qmne, coyn,^ a qumce, Grk. Gydonion (melon), a quince, lit. O^doman apple], acid fruit of the apple kind.

Quin-ine' (\ne=€e7i) orQm-mne' [Sp. qmna^ Perav. lina^ bark], extract from cinchona barl.

Qum'sy [Gk- cynagchC; cyon^ a dog, and agchem^ to throttle], inflammation of the tonsils

Quin'tain [perh. L. qmntdna^ a quintain, camp-market; qmntuSy fiith], post with arms or sandbag for tilting at.

Qum-tes'sence [M L. qmnta essentia^ fifth essence], concentrated essence.

Qum-tet', Quin-tetie' [3?. quintette, fr. I t quint€tto\ L. qitintas, £Eth, + dim. suf. -eltQ]i a musical composition in five parts, a set of live singers or players, [five-fold.

Quin'tu-ple [L. qittntus^ fifth, and -plus^ -fold], Quip [formerly quippy; L. quipped forsooth],

smart ]est, taunt. Quire [L- quaterm, four at a time; qiiatuory

four], twenty-four sheets of paper. Quire [see Choir], band of singers. Quirk [?], sudden turn, quibble. Quit [O.F. quite, quit; IJ. quietus^ quiet],

released, free; to fiee, acquit, leave. Quite [see Quit], entirely. Qmv'er [perh. imit ], tremble; tiemor. Quiv'er [O.P. cuivre, O E G-. lohhar (Ger.

loclier), quiver], case for arrows Quis-of ic [fi. Don Quixote, hero of Sp novel

by Cervantes], absurdly chivalrous. Quiz [?], make sport of as by obscure ques­

tions ; one who quizzes. [stone. Quom (2«=^) [var. of Coin], wedge, corner-Quoit Cqii=l') [?], flafcrmg used in a game. Quon'dam [L. quondam, formerly], former. Quo'rum [L. quonimy of whom, gen. pi. of

qm, who], fixed number entitled to act for certain purposes.

Quo'ta [L q^iota, fem. oiquottts, how great, quot, bow many], proportional share.

Quo-ta'tion, that which is quoted. Quote [Late L quotare, to quote; see Quota],

cite as a passage from some author, name the current pnce of. Quof able.

Quoth [part of obs. quethe^ to say; OE cwcthan^ said, spoke.

Quo-tid'iau [L. quotum, how many, dies, a day], returning daily, commonplace.

Quo'tient (ti=sli) [L. quotims, how many D times, quoi, how many], number resultmg n from division.

B Rab'bet [O.K rahat^ recess; L. re, down, ad,

to, batuere, beat], groove cut for a panel, door, etc.; to cut a rabbet, ]oin by a rabbet.

Eab'bi, Rab'bin [Heb. rabbz, my master ; Tabh, master], Jewish master of the law,

Rab'bit [cogn w. M Du. robbe, a rabbit], burrowing, gnawmg animal. (Welsh rabbit (explamed as—rarebit), a dish of toasted cheese )

Rab'ble [?], noisy crowd. Rab'ld [L. Tabjdu^y mad; rabere, to rave],

furious, extreme, affected with rabies. Ra'bi-es, Rab'i-es [L. rabere, to rave], hydro­

phobia, canine madness. Rac-(c)00n' [Algonqum name], small animal

of the bear family. [family, Race! [It. ra^za. Etym. doubtful],lineage, Race2 [ON. ras, & running, race], trial of

speed, strong current, run swiftly, con­tend m a race. Ra'cer, [ginger).

Race 3 [O.F. TaiSy L. radtx, root], root (of Ra-eeme' [IJ. racemus, a cluster], long flower

cluster. [family. Ra'cial («=5ft), pertaining to a race or Ilack 1 [perh. var. of Wrack], destruction;

thm, flymg clouds. Racks [perh. M.Du. Tcclen, stretch],instru­

ment of torture; to torture, injure by strain, strain, oppress with excessive rent.

Racks [perh. as Racks], grating above a manger, framework for keeping thmgs on or in,

Rack'et,! Rac^u'et (qit.=I) [F. raquette, Etym. doubtful, tennis bat.

Rack'et2 [perh. unit ] , din. Ra-cont-eur' [F ], skilful teller of anecdotes. Ra'cy [see Raceij, fresh and lively. Ra'di-ant [L. raaiare (pr p radiansy -antis),

to radiate; radtvs, ray], emitting rays, vividly bright.

Ra'di-ate [L. radtdre (p.p. radiatas), to radiate; radius, ray], emit or issue in rays. Badia'tion.

Ra'di-a-tor, apparatus for radiating heat. Rad'i-cal [L. radix (rddic-is), a root], pro­

ceeding from the root, thorough; sup­porter of radical changes.

Bad'ish [L. radix, a root], root used m salads. Ra'di-um [L. rcuitare, to radiate], a metal

obtamed from pitch blende with the power of radiating energy.

Ra'di-ns [L. radius, a ray], line from the centre to the circumference of a circle, thick short bone of fore-arm.

Raffi-a. Raph'i-a [Malagasy], kmd of palm, fibre from its leaves.

Raffish [see Rifl-raff], dissipated, d^reput-able.

Baffle ivo Rarefy Raffle [M.E. rajie, game afc dice. Etym.

doubtful], kind of lottery; to sell b j means of lottery,

Raft [O.K". raptr, rafter; allied to raf, roof], float of logs or timber.

Ra£fertesteQsioii of Raft], sloping timber of a roof.

Rag [IJTorw. and Swed. ragg^ rough bair ; O.N. rqgg^ tuft of fur], piece of torn cloth ; play rough, jokes on.

I^ -a -muf fin [perh. fr. Rag], mean wi'etch, one in rags.

Rage pi/. rabieSf rage; Tobere, to rave], anger, fcry; to storm.

Ra-goui' (ou=oo) [F. ragout; F. re-, again, d, to, goitter^ to taste; L. re-, atZ, and Qustare% bighly seasoned stewed meat and vegetables. [rhythm.

Rag'time, kind of music mth inverted Raid [northern form of O.E. rod, road],

hostile incursion; make a raid upon. Uaili [li. Tcgula, rail, rule], bar of timber or

metaL Rail 2 [O.F. raalle (from its cry)], kind of bird. Rails (T?.r(ziZfer. iStym. doubtful], reproach.

insolently, scold. Rail'ler-5 [F. Taillerie; see Rail 3], banter,

jestmg language. RaU'road, Rail'way, road -with, rails as tracks

for wheels of vehicles, [clothes. Rai'ment [short for arraiment; see Array], Rain [Com. Teut.; O.E. regn^ ren], water in

drops from the clouds; pour in. drops. Rain'y.

Rain'boiy, coloured arch in. the skj^. Raise (5=«) [O.N. reisa, make to rise; r\sa,

to rise], cause to rise, lift. Rai'sin (5=2) [0.!F, Taizilti L. racemus^ a

cluster], dried grape. Ra'ja^ or Ra'ja (Hahja) [Hmd. mjd; Skr.

T&jan, a Mng], Hindu king, prince, chief, or great landowner.

Rake [0.E, raca], toothed tool; scratch or coliecij with a rake.

Rake [contracted from archaic rakehellj Rake and Hell], worthless man.

Ra'kish, dashing and saucy, Ral'ly [F, Tollier; L. re-, again, and F. allier,

to ally], gather again, regain strength; reunion.

Rally [see Rails], to banter. Ram [O.E., Du., and O.H.G-.], male sheep,

engine of war for battering; to butt, force in.

Ram'ble [?], rove, wander; a stroll, aimless walking about.

Ram'e-kki, Ram'e-qnin (gw=7:) t?], bread­crumb, cheese, egg, etc., baked in small mould.

Ram'i-fy [L. ranniSy a branch; facere, to make], divide into branches, Ram'ifica-tion.

Kara-page' [?], rush about, storm. Ram-pag'eous.

Ramp'ant L ". ramper, to clamber; rat/ipant, rearing. Etym. doubtful], standing on hind legs, aggressive,

Ram'part [F. rampart, a rampart; L. re-, again, ante, before, pardre, to prepare], defence, broad-topped mound for defence,

Ram'rod, rod used in ramming down the charge in a lirearm.

Ram'shac-Icle [perh. obs. ransackle; see Ransack], falling to pieces.

Ranch [Sp. rancho, mess, pereons eating together], gi*azing farm in America; con­duct a ranch.

Ran'cid [L. rancidus, stinMng], tastuag like old olU Rancii'ity.

Ran'cor-ous, full of rancour, malignant. Ran'oour [L- rancor^ spite; orig. rancidness],

ill-wiU, spite. Ran'dom [O.F. randorit the force of a great

stream; randir, to run swiftly], indefinite course; haphazard,

Range [0.3?, ranger^ to range; reng (F. rang\ rank; see Rank 3], set in a row or in order, rove, vary bet'ivoen limits; a row, extent, built-in cooking stove, sliooting-place.

Ran'ger, keeper of a park or forest. Rank^ [O.E. ranc], lusurianfc in growth,

strong-tasted, extreme, Rank2 [O.F. ren^ (F.raTzjT), a row; O.E.G.

hrinc, a r ing' see RingS], a row, row of soldiers side by side, grade, high degree; to range, belong to a class.

Ranlde [O.F, draortclir^ ranchr, fester; Iiate L. dracunculiiSj dim. of draco, a dragon], cause a sore, fester, give constant pain.

Ran'sack tCw. rann, a house, swlija, to ' seek], search thoroughly.

Ran'som [O.F. raesison^ later rango7i; L. Tcdemptioy a buying back; see Redeem], release for paymoiit, price of release ; buy the release of another,

Rant [M.Du. raridten, to rave], declaim noisily; noisy, empty, high-sounding talk.

Ran-nn'cn-lns [L. rRnuncnlns., orig. dim, of rdna, a frog], plant of the crowfoot order.

Rap [prob. imit.], strike quickly; a knock. Ra-pa'cious (ci=sJi) [L. rapax (rapdc-is)j

rapacious; rapere, to seize], grasping, greedy.

Rape [L. rapum, a tiuTiip], plant with oil-producing seeds.

Rap'id [li. rapidiis, rapid; rapcre, to seize], fast; (pi.) steep pare of a river where the current is swift.

Ra'pi-^r [F. rapi&re* Elym. doubtful], edge-less finely-pointed sword, [plunder.

Rap'inc [L. rapTna, rapine; rapere^ to seize], Rap^par-ee' [Ir. rapaircj shore pike], wild

Irish robber. Rap-pee' [F, (tdbac, tobacco), r&pd, rasped;

see Rasp], coarse land of snuff. Rapt p j . Twpere (p.p. rapfiw), to seize],

snatched away, wholly absorbed. Rap'ture, extreme joy or pleasure. Rap'-

turous, Rare [ i . rajrus, rare], scarce, unusual, thin. Rare'bit, [See Rabbit.] Rar'e-iy \h. rdrefaccre ; rSrus, rare, facere,

to make], make or become less dense. Rarefac'tion.

Rarity' 171 Rebate Rar'i-ty, thinness, rareness, rare thing. Ras'cal [A.F. raskayle, rabble. Etym. doubt­

ful], mean, tricMsh fellow, rogue. Ras-caVity.

Rase, Raze [L. riidcre (p.p. rdsus), to scrape, demolish], erase, level Tvith the ground.

Rash [O.F. rache, scurf; cf, L. rdde?-e^ to scrape], skin eruption. [hasty.

Hash fci. I>u. and G er. rasch, quicXl, over-Rash'er [perli. fr. obs. rash^ to slice], thin

slice of bacon. Rasp [O.F, rasper, to rasp; cf. O.H.Q-. TOspSn,

to ra;^, hrespan,!to pluck], coarse file; rub with a coarse file, grate harshly.

Rasp'ber-ry [formerly Tospis, raspes; cf. M.It. raspo, a rasp, also a raspberry], thimble-shaped fruit.

Rat [O.E. TCEt; etym'. doubtful], one of a kind of gnawing animal; hunt rats, desert one's parly. .; [rates.

Ra'ta-ble [see Rate i], liable to payment of Ra-ta-fl'-a (i=ee) [P. ratafia; etym, doubt­

ful], liqueur flavoured \vith kernels. Ratch'et, Ratch [F. rochet, a lance-head], set

of teeth on a bar or wheel allowing motion in one direction, wheel with such teeth.

Rate 1 [L. rert (p.p. ratus), to think, reckon], value, assess lor taxes ; proportion, charge, (pi.) local ta3.es.

Rate 2 [?], scold angrily. Rathe (j>roH. to rhyme with Bathe), Rath

[O.E, hrathe^ hracd, quick], early, soon. Rath'er [comp. of Rathe]. Rat'i-fy [F. ratifler^ to ratify; Rate^ and

L. facerc, to make], approve and sanction. Rat'ification. .

Ra'ti-o (t—sh) [L. ratio, calculation; see Rateijl, fi3:ed.relation of number.

Ea-tio-Clll-a'tioil(i=:s/0 JL. ratiocind.rl (p.p. ratiociTidtiLS),' to reason formally; see Rate ^], deductive reasoning.

Ea'tion ai or d) [L. ratio (ration-is), calcula­tion], fixed daily allowance of food ; to limit food, etc,

Ra'tion-al RS), re^oning, sensible, wise. Ra-tion-a'le -ail-S), reasoned exposition. Ra'tion-al-ism, treating reason as the only

avitlaorlty in, religion, vii tU<J basis oi oei-tainty in all investigations.

Raf lines, Raf lins \iorm^t\y raddelines; perh. same word as prov. 3. raddlings, long pieces of ' underwood twisted between upright stakes], small ropes fastened across the shrouds of a ship.

Rats'bane, I'at poison, white areenic. Rat(t)an' [Malay rotan, the rattan-cane],

walking-stick made from the stem of a kind of palm,, the Malay palm itself,

Raf tie [M.E. ratelen, prob. imit.], to clatter; clattering sound, baby's toy.

Rat'tle-head'ea, empty-headed. Rat'fle-snake, snake with a rattle in the tail. Rau'cous [L. raucus, hoarse], hoarse, harsh. Rav'age [L. rapere., to seize], lay waste. Rave [pe'rh. O.F, raver^ to dream], be

delirious, talk wildly, [tangle. EaVel [Eu. ravelmy to ravel], untwist, en-

Rave'lin [It. ravcUino, a ravelin; etym, doubtful], outwork of a fortification.

Ra'ven [O.E. /irwfii; Com. Teut.], kind of crow,

Rav'en [F. raviner, to ravage ; see Rapine], to prey, be greedy.

Rav'en-ous, devouring greedily, very hungry. Ea-vine' (ine=een) [F. ravine, a ravine, a

great fiood; see Raven (vb.)], gorge, mountain cleft.

Rav'ish [L, rapere, to seize], snatch by force, to delight. Rav'ishment.

IteW [O.E, hriati; Com. Teut.], not cooked, unwrought, deprived of skin, chilly, inex­perienced. [radius.

Ray [L. radius, a ray], line of light or heat Ray [IJ. rdiaj a ray], large flat sea-fish, Ra'zor [O.F, rasOTf a razor; see Rase], knife

used in shaving. Ra'zor-backed, (whale) having a dorsal fin,

(hill) ridged like back of razor. Reach [0-E. rdrari],stretch to, extend, gain;

a stretch, power of reaching. Re-aet' [L, re-, back, and Act], act upon

each other, act in opposition. [dency. Re-ac'tion, responsive action, retrogi-adc ten-Re-ac'tion-ar-y, conservative, unduly fond of

the old and out-of-date. Read [O.E. rc&dan; Cora. Teut.], take in the

sense of written or printed characters, • explain. Read'able. Ready' [M.E. rccdig, perh. fr. O.E. grwdel,

prepared, wflling, easy. Readiness. Re'al [Lato L. realis, real; L, res, a thing],

actual, true, (property) consisting of land and houses,

Re'al (e=ee or ai) [Sp, real; L. regalis, royal], small Spanish coin.

Ee'al-ism, truth to nature, insistence on detail in art and literature. Re'alist,

Re-al-is'tic, lifelike. Ee-al'i-ty, actual being, fact. Re'al-ize, make real, convert into mone', ac­

complish, understand clearly. Re-al-i-za'-tion.

Realm [O.F. reaumg^ a realm; L. regulis, royal], kingdom,

•RftasatO.'F.rcmwe, Sp.resma, a-Teain. •, A.Ta.b, risma), a bundle], twenty quir^ or 480 sheets of paper.

Reap [O.E. rcopan, rihari], cut com, Rear [O.F, Here, L. retro, backward], back

part, hindmost. [legs. Rear [O.E. rwran]^ raise, rise on the hind Rea'son (5=3) [O.F. raisun, L. ratio, reason;

Tj. reri (p.p. ratus), to think], motive or cause, faculty by which we distinguish right from wi'ong, etc.; discus by argu­ment,

Rea'son-a-ble, rational, moderate. Re-as-suie' [L. re-, again, and Assure],

restore confidence to, Reassur'ance. Re'-an-mur au=S), name of French phy­

sicist who introduced thermometer, with freezing-point 0° and boiling-point 80°.

Re-bate' [O.F. rabattre, to rebate ; re-, down, and Abate], deduct; a discount.

o-M-.^

Eebel 1*72 Itecreant Reb'el [L. re-, against, helium^ war], one who

resists authority. Re-bel', resist authority. [Rebel'Iious. Re-bellion, open resistance to authority. Re-bound' (X. re-, back, and Bound 8], spring

back; springing back by elastic force. Re-buff [It. rebuffo, check, nbnffare^ to

check; ri- (L. ro), back, bufio, pufE], sudden check; to check.

Re-buke' [O.F, je-, down, buclier, beat], reprove, chide; reproof.

Re'bua Cperh. L. ribuf, by things; abl. pi. of res, a thing], pictorial riddle.

Re-buf [L. re-, back, and Butt s], drive back, repulse. Rebuf ment.

Re-card-trajit [L. re; back; cdlcitrdre (pr.p. calcitranSf -antis), strike with the heel, calx icalc'is)^ beel], kicking back, refrac­tory. Recal'citrance.

Re-cdil' [L. T€-j back, and Call], call back, withdKLW, call to mmd; a caUing back

Re-canf [L. re-, back, cantdre, to sing], take back openly, retract. Recanta tion.

Re-ca-plt?u-late [L. re-, again, and Capitu­late], repeat briefly, Recapitula'tion.

Re-casf [L. re-j again, and Cast],reconstruct Re-cede' [L. re-, back, eedere (sup. cessum)^ to

go], move back, withdraw. Re-cei33t [see Receive], reception, aclmow-

ledgment of money paid; put a receipt on* (archaic)redpe.

Ke-cetve' [L. recipere (p p. receptus), to re­ceive ; re-, back, capere, to take], take, take in, accept,

Re-cen'aion [L. re-, again, censSre, to give an opinion], critical revision.

Re'cent [L. recens (recent-is), recent], lately come, new, modern.

Re-cep'ta-cle [L. receptaculum; see Receive], that which receives or contains.

Re-cep'tion, receiving or being received, formal receiving of guests.

Re-cep'tivc, able or inchned to take in Receptiv'ity.

Re-cesa' [see Recede], niche in a room, secluded spot, suspension of busmen.

Re-ces'sion, act of receding. Re-ces sion-sU, hymn sung dunng withdrawal

of clergy and choir alter service. Reo'i-p8(c=s)[L. recipe, 2nd sing imperative

of recipere; see Receive], prescription of mgiedients.

Re-cip'l-ent [L. reciptens (^entts), prp . of recipere, to receive], one who receives,

Re-cip ro-cal [L. reciprocus, reciprocal; perh. fr. re-, back, and pro-f forward], mutual, mterclmngmg. [mterchange.

Re-cip'ro-cate, move backward and forward, Ree-i-proci-ty (5, c=s), mutual give and

take, interchange of privileges. Re-ci'tal (?), account, rehearsal, narration,

musical performance by one person or of one composer's works,

Rec-i-ta'tion (c=s\ act of reciting. Re-cit-at-ive' (tie=eev) [It. remtatiio; see

Recite], kind of musical recitation m opera and oratorio,

Re-cite' [L re-, agam, citare (p p. citalus)^ to quote, cite], repeat aloud, tell over.

Reck [O.lj. Teuan\ Com Teut], care for regard,

Reck Jess, lieedless, carele^ Reck'on [0 E. (f?e)recenton], make a calcula­

tion, estimatf. Reck'on-er, book of money tables, etc. Re-claim' [L. re-, back, clamdre, to call],

claim backjrefonn, piepu-re foi cultivation Rec-la-ma'tion, recovery. Re-clme' [L. re-, back, chniire, to bend], lean

back, lie down. Re-cluse* (5 shai-p) [ r . rcchis (fern -use), p p.

of recZwre, to shut up, L re , back, c/ai'rfcre to shut], one who lives secluded, a hermit,

Rec-og-ni tion, acknowledgment, notice, Re-cog'ni-zance, 3udicial bond to keep some

condition. Rec'og-mze, Rec'og-nise [0 F. rcconmss ,

part, stem of Teconotstre^ to know again; li. re-, again, cognoscere, to know], know again, acknowledge.

Re-coil' [L. re-, back CSZHS, the hinder part], roll or spring back, rebound

Rec-ol-lect' [L. re-, agam, colhgere (p p. collectus), to collect], remembei, RecoUec'-tion.

Rec-om-mend' [L. re- agam, commmdarc^ to entrust], attract favour to, commit, ad'i lie,

Ree-om-men-da'tion, favourable mention. Rec'om-pense [L, re-., again, comqjensate, to

compensate; see Compensate], reward, pay for; a reward, amends.

Rec'on-cile [L. re-, agam, concihare, to con­ciliate], lestore to friendship, make con­sistent.

Rec-on-cil-I-a'tion, renewal of fiieudship. Rec'on-dite, Rec-on'dite [L. re-, back; tondere

^ . p . conditus) to hide], secret, abstruse ReHcon'nais-sance [s Q Recognize], prelimin­

ary survey, [survey, Re-con-noi'tee [see Recognize], make a Re-cord' [L. recordHre, to record , re , agam,

cor (cord-^s)y the heart], make note of, register,

Rec'ord [see Record (vb.)], written memonal, best performance of tlie kmd.

Re-cord'er, one who recoidi,, jud^e of a city or borough court of quarter sesi ious

Re-counf [L. re-, agam; O.P. center, to compute], count agam bell over,

Re-coup' (pu=od) [L. ri>, again, I?, coiiper, to cut; F. coup, Lite L colpus., a blow], recompense for lo' s, get an equivalent foi Joss, etc,

Re-course' (5) [L. re-,' back, eursus, course], resort for aid

Re-cov'er (0=11) [L. re-, agam, and Cover], cover again

Re-cov'er [L re&uperare, to recaporate], win back, cure, regam health.

Re-eov'er-y, restoration. Ree're-ant [0 I' recreant, pr p. of retroire, to

yield m trial by comb it , L. re , again, credere, to believe], unlaithfid, cow irdly; an apostate.

Xiecreate 1Y3 Befrain Rec're-ate [L. re-, again, and creare (p.p.

creatus) to creato], reli'esii, revive. Rec-re-a'tiOD, amusement, pastime. Rec're-a-tive, refresMng. Ee-crim'iii-ate [L. re-, .again, criminUn (p.p.

cnimTidius), accuse 'of crime], accuse in return. Recrimina'tion,

' Re-cru-des'cence [L. re-, again, crUdesccre (pr.p, crUdescens, -entis)^ to break out; crnduSf raw], renewed outbreak.

Re-cruif [F. recmter,, to levy troops; L. re-, again, crescere, to grow], enlist new soldiers, recover health; newly enlisted soldier, ,;

Ree'tan-gle [L. rectm^ right, angulus^ angle], right-angled parallelogram, Eectan'gular.

Rec'ti-£y [L. rectus^ .right, facere, to make], make or set right, purify, or refine. Recti-fica'fion.

Rec-ti-Iin'e-al, Rec>-ti-lin'e-ar [L. rectus^ straight, linear a line], consisting of a straight line or lines.

Rec'ti-tu.de fL. rectus^ straight, right], up­rightness, honesty.

Rec'tor (X. rector, a ruler; regere (p.p. rectus)^ to rule],, parson of a parish, head of certain colleges and schools, chief elective officer', of some universities. Rector'ial.

Rec'to-ry, rector's'house. Re-cum'bent [L. recumbere (pr.p. recumbens,

•ends), to recline; re-, back, culture^ lie down], reclining, lying down. Recum'-bency.

R6-cu'per-ate [Ui rem-perdre (p.p. Tecu-per-dtus)^ to recuperate], recover, esp. health.

Re-eui' [li. re-, back, currere, to run], come back, happen' or appear again. Recur'-rence,

Kec'u-sant [F. fecusaw^ pr.p. of re'ciiscr, to reject; L. recusdre, to reject, oppose; re-, back, caicsay a cause], obstinate in refusal; one who refused to go to the Established Church.

Red [O.E. rSad; Com. Teut.], a colour like blood. Redd'en.

Re-daef [L. re-, back; agcre (p.p. actus), to do], reduce to literary fOITQ, edib. Redac'-tion. 1.

Re-deem' IL. ^redimere (p.p. redetnptus), to - redeem; re-, back, emcre, to buy], buy back, atone for, fulfil (promise).

Re-demp'tion, repurchase, ransom. Re-din'te-grate [L. redintegrdre (p.p. redi7i~

tegrdtus)^ t'o restore to wholeness; re-, again, integer, whole], make whole again.

Red'o-lent [L. redolere (pr.p. redolens, -entis\ • to emit odour; re-, again, and olSre, to bo

odorous], odorous, sweet-smelling. Re-dou'ble \\X>. re-, again, and Double],

increase, make or grow twice as much. Re-dou6f [F. redoute; L. re-, back, dvcere

(p.p. ductus), to lead], small outwork. Re-douI)t'a-ble CL. re-, back, dvbitdre, to

doubt], formidable, valiant. Re-dound' [L. redundSTe, to overflow; re-,

back, undaf a wave], contribute to.

Re-dress' [L. re-, again; P. dresser, to erect], set right; remedy.

Re-duce' [L. re-, back, dficere (p.p. (fucfwi-). to lead], bring down, diminish, capture.

Re-duc'tion, lessening, conversion to a certain, state or foi-m (in Chemistry, Arithmetic, etc.).

Re-dun'dant [L, redunddre (pr.p. redutidans, ~antis); see Redound], excessive, super­fluous. Re-dun'dancy.

Re-du'pIiH3ate [L. re-, again, duo, two, plicdre, to fold], redouble, repeat. Re-duplica'tion.

Reed [O.B. hriod. Com. "W. Gennauic], hollow tall grass, rustic pipe, sounding part of some instruments. Reed'y.

Reef [perh. fr. Du. rif, a reef; cf. Rive], chain of rocks at or near surface of water.

Reef [O.N. rif, a reef in a sail], portion of a sail that can be taken in and rolled up ; roll or fold part of a sail.

Reek [O.B, r^c, Com, Teut.], steam, smoke (Scot.), rank smell; to steam.

Reel [Gael, lighil^ a reel], Scottish dance. Reel [O.E. hrM], spool-on which yam is

wound; wind upon a reel, to stagger. Reeve [O.E. gerifa, etym. dub.], (formerly)

bailiff, steward. Re-fec'tion [L. reficere (p.p. refcctus), to make

again], repast, refreshment. Re-fee'to-ry [M.L. refcctorium; see Refec­

tion], room where meals are taken in monasteries, etc.

Re-fer' [L- Te-, back, ferre, to carry], trace back, assign to, to appeal, have relation.

Ref-er-ee', one to whom something is ref eixed, umpire.

Ref e>ence, act of referring, allusion, regard. Re-fer-en'dum, referring political questions

to adirect general vote. Re-fine' [L. re-, again; Late L. fmiis, fine],

to purify, polish, become pure. Refine'-ment.

Re-fiect' [L. re-, back, fiectere (p.p. flexiis), to bend], throw back as light, etc., to mirror, think, reproach. Reflec'tion.

Re-flect'or, surface that reflects rays. Re'flex, directed back, involuntary (of

muscular activities); reflected image. Re-flex'ive, (word) expressing an agent's

action upon himself. Ref'lu-ent C * ' '^. back, fiuere (pr.p. of

fluens, -entis), to flow], flowing back. Re'flux [L. refluxus, p.p. of refiuere, to flow

back], flowing back. Re-form' [L. re-, again, forma, shape, form],

restore, improve; amendment. Ref-or-zna'tion, change for the better,

thorough amendment. Re-f orm'a-to-ry, institution for the ref oi-ming

of ofEenders. Re-fract'" [L. re-, back, frangere (p.p.

fractus), to break], bend sharply from its course. Refrac'tion.

Re-frae'to-ry, obstinate, unmanageable. Re-£rain' [L. refrenurc, to repress; re-, back,

frenum, a curb], hold back, abstain.

Hefrain 174 Relaxation Ee-Iram' [L. refnngere, to break back,

re-y back, and frangcre^ to break], phrase repeated at the end of each verse.

R&-&e3h' [L. re-, again, O.F. /reis, fern fresche^ fresh], renew, revive, enliven.

Ee-Jtesh'ment, new hfe, that which refreshes, esp. food and dunk.

Ee-fri'ger-ate («) [L. re-, again, frifferdre (p.p. fngerattts')^ to cool, frtgus, cold], cause to Decome cool, free7e.

Re-fn'ger-artor, apparatus for cooling or freezing.

Refuge [L. re-, hack^ fugere, to flee], shelter. Ref-u-gee', one who flees for safety to a

foreign land. Re-M'gent [L. re-, back, fulgens (-entis),

pr p. of fulgere, to shine], castmg a bright light. ReSul'gence. [repay.

Re-fund' [L. re-, back, fundere, to pour], Re-fu'aal, acfc of refusing, option to take or

leave. Re-fuse' (s=3) [L. refmidere (p.p refiisus),

to pour back, to restore, to reject], deny as a request, lejecfc

Refuse (s sharp), waste matter, dregs. Ref-u-ta'tion, act or process ot disproving. Re-fute' IL, refut&re, rc-, back, fiUdre^ perh.

from same root as fundere^ to pour], disprove.

Re-gain' [L. re-, agahi; P. gagner, to gain], get again, recover, get back to,

Re'gal [L. regdlxs, royal; rex (Teg-is\ a iJJ Sl* royal, kingly,

Re-gale' [1^. rigaler; etym, doubtful], re­fresh, feast. Reg^e'ment.

Re-ga'h-a [L. neufe. pi. of regalis, regal], symbols or emblems of royalty,

Re-g£urd' [L re-, back; F. garder, to guard], look at, consider, eare for; a look, respect, care, (pi ) expression of goodwill.

Ee-gat'ta [It. regatta^ orig. a strife; etym. doubtful], series of yacht or boat races.

Re-gen'er-ate [L. re-, again, generare, to generate], give new, esp. higher, life to.

Re'gent [L. regere (pr.p regens, -e?uis) to rule], ruler in the nunonty, etc , of a sovereign. Re'gency.

Re'gi-Clde (re-) [L rex (rSg is), kmg, cccdere, to kill], kmg murder, murderer of a king.

Re-gmae' TS zheem') [L, regimen, guidance, regere, to rule], mode or system of rule or management.

Re'gi-men <ir&) [L. regimen, guidance; regere, to rule], government, bystematic diet.

Re'gi-menl ir€) [Late L. rcgimentum; L. regere, to rule], organized body of soldiers

Re-gi-mea'tal3, military dress. Re'gion (?i=j) [JJ. regio (Tegi5n-is),teTntorv;

regere, to rule], portion of space or terntorj more or less defimte.

Re'gion-ol, pertamuig to a region, sectional. Re'gis-ter (re) [SI L. regestrum; regesium,

book of records; L, re-, back, gerere (p.p. gestus)f to carry], record, list of names, sUding plate m a stove, compass of a voice; record formally, insure (a letter, etc.).

Re'gis-trai (t i, keeptr oi lecords Registra'-tion.

Re'g)S-try (<?), place wheie a rejistei is kept. Reg'nant [L, ngn&re (prp. rcgrums, -antis),

to reign], ruling. Re'gress, V\ ith Irawal. Re-gresa' [L. ngrcdz (pp. rcgressw)^ to go

back; TC-, b ick, gradi, to go], go back, return. Regres'sion.

Re-gref [O.P. regrater, regraa, tc regret; etym, doubtful], soirow foi the pxst; look back with sonow, Regrett able, Regrett'-ably,

Reg'u-lar [L riffida, a rule; regere, to rule], according to rule, orderly; soUliei of a standmg aimy Regular ity.

Reg'u-late, adjust by rule, ordei. Reg ulator. Re-h^Ml-tate [L. re-, again, hahihture (p p.

liabilUdtus), to make fit], restore to foimer rank, position, oi reputation.

Re-hectrs'al, locital, prepiratoiy practice. Re-hearse' [L. re-, agam, and 0 1. hcrccr, to

harrow, lierse, a harrow ], siy over, i tcounfc in order, recite for practice.

Rei^n [L. regnum, kmgdom, regere, to rule], royal authority, period of a sovereign s rule ; exercise sovereign powei, previil.

Re-im-hurse' [Li. re-, agj.m, and ob-? U. imbuTse, put m &. purse; li. in, m, bxirm, purse], refimd, pay back to. Reimburse'-ment.

Rem[0.!P. resue; of It. redina, arem; peih ir. L. retmcre, to hold back , see Retam], strap on a bridle, rtsfcramt; control 'Mth the reins, check,

Rem'deer [0,]Sr, hreindyn; Itreinn, remdeor, dyr, deei], dcei of sub-aictic regions.

Re-in-force' [L. re , again, in, in, foriis^ strong], add new strengtn to. Remforce'-ment.

Re-m-state' [L. re-, again, ind obs. E. instatel, restoie to T, former state.

Re-it'er-ate [L. re-, ag^m; nerCtre (p p. Ueralus), to repeat, iterum, again], rcpeib agam and again. Reitera'tion,

Re-iecf [L. rejicere (p p. rejectus); re , back, jacere, to throw], cast from one, refuse. Rejec'tion.

Re-joice' [0.:P. rejoir (pr.p. repissant), to rejoice], ftel joy, tiiumph

Re-]Om' [L. re-, is^^^,3ungere, io join], jom agam, '^tite m reply.

Re-]om'der, answer to i reply, a i eply Re-]u've-nate [L re-, a.^\m,jinems, young],

make young ai,ain. Rejuvena tion, Re-juv-en-esLc'[L re-,ag^lu,;u^(?H^?,young],

to become young agam. Rejuvenes'eence. Re-lapse' [L. re-, again, lapsvs, slipped], slide

or fall back; a falling hick. Re-late' [L. re-, again, and Idtiis, p p. otferie,

to carry], connect, haT e refeiencc to, tell Re-la'tion, act of tellmg, account, leference,

kmbhip, kinsman. Rel'a-tive, connected with, not absoUiie;

kmsman or kinswoman Relativ'ity. Re-las' [L. re , agam, laxi s, slick], lioken. Re'lax-a'tion (z-^, slackcnmj, amusement.

Relay 175 Reparation Ro-lay' [O.jj'. rclais, a relay; Tclayer^ to pro-

vido anew; efcym. doubtful], provision. as of horses for successlTe use; relief-gang.

Re-lease' (5 sharp) [O.F. relcsser; L. rdaxare, to relax], let go, free; liberation from care, pain, etc.

R-el'e-gate [L. re-, back, legdre (p.p. legatiis), to send], remove, usually to an inferior position, Eelega'tioa.

Re-lent^ pj. re-, back, Imtns, slow, soft], become less hard. Relentless.

Rel'e-vaut [L. relemns (-aniis), pr.p. of rdeudre, to raise again; see Re^eve], bearing upon, applicable. Re'levance, Relevancy.

Re-li'a-ble, worthy of dependence. Re-li'ance, dependence, ground of trust. Eel'ic [L. relinquere (p.p. relictus), to leave

behind], that which remains, a memoriul. Rel'icfc [L, relicta, fern, of p.p. of reliTiqnere,

to leave behind], widow. Re-Iief, succour, ease, projection of design

in moulding, prominence. Rc-lieve' [L. re-, again, Icvdre, to raise], set

oH by contrast, give aid or ease to. Re-li'gion (-H-) [L. religio; perh. connected

with ligdre, to bind], system of faith and worship. Reli'gious.

Re-Iin'fiuish CL. relinguere, to relinquish; re-, back, linquere, to leave], resign, give up. Relin'guishment.

Reri-qua-ry, small bos for relics. Rel'ish [SI.E. and O.F. refe, an after-taste;

see Release], eat with pleasure, enjoy; llavour, good appetite.-

Re-lue'tant [L. re-, back, hidam -antis), pr.p. of luctdrl, to struggle], striving against, unwilling. Reluc'tance,

Re-Iy* [O.F. rcUer^ bind together; L. re-, back, ligdre, to bind], depend (upon), trust.

Re-main' [L. re-, back, vumere, to stay], stay behind, continue.

Re-main'der, anything that is left, rest. Re-mand' [h. TC-, back, mandare, to send],

send back, esp. -to prison until further evidence is obtained.

Re-mark' [P. remarquer^ to remark], to mark anew, notice, say; a notice, comment.

Re-mark'a-ble, noticeable, wonderful. Re-me'di-al, affording it. remedy. Rem'e-dy [L. Temediam, a remedy; re-, again,

TTiedSrl^ to cure], cure; to cure, correct. Ue-mem'i3er [L. re-, again, memordre, call

to mind; memory mindful], keep in or recall to mind. [tion.

Re-mem'brance, bringing to mind, recoUec-Re-mi»d' C . re-, again; O.E. gemynd,

memory], bring to the remembrance of, Rem-i-nis'cence [ L. reminisci, to remember;

re-, again, and meminij to remember], remembering, (pi.) narration of remem­bered experience. Reminig'cent,

Re-miss'j slack, negligent, careless. Re-mis'sion(55i=5A), abatement, pardon, Be-mit' [ L, re-, back, mittere (p.p. missus),

to send], send, abate, forgive.

Re-mit'tance, sum remitted. Rem'nant [short for remenant, fr, O.F,

remenant^ remaining], remaining portion, scrap,

Re-mon'strance, protest. Re-mon'strate [L. re-, again, monstrare (p.p.

monsirdlus'), to show], urge reasons in opposition.

Re-morse' pL. re-, again, mordere (p.p. morsus), to bite], self-accusing regret,

Re-raote' [L. rcmotus^ removed], far away, distant.

Re-mov'^ (p—oo\ act of removing. Re-move' (0=00) [L. re-, again, TnovSre, to

move], move away, take away ; step in a scale of gradation. Remov'aWe,

Re-mu'nei-ate [L. re-, again, mUnerdn, t-o give something; milnus (nmner-is), a reward], to reward, pay. Eemunera'tion,

Re-nas'cence, Re-nais'sance [L. re-, again, nasclj to be born], revival of learning, art, etc. Renas'cent.

Ren-con'tre (pron. as F.), Ren-coon'ter [L. re-, again, in, in, contra, against], sudden meeting, unexpected fight,

Rend [O.E. rendav^^ tear. Ren'der [O.F. retidre, to render; L. re-, back,

dare, to give], pay back, yield, translate. Ren'der-ing, version, translation. Ren'ae^-voas(;ou=cio) l'F,Teidi;s-vous, betake

yourselves, imperative of rendre]-, meeting-place ; to meet by arrangement.

Ren-di'don [F, Teiidrej to render], surrender, translation,

Ren'e-gade [Sp. renegadOj orig. p.p. of renegar, to forsake the faith; L. re-, again ; iiegdrg, to deny], traitor.

R-e-new' [L. re-, again, and New], restore, make as good as new.

Re-new*al, making again, restoration. Ren'net [fr. renne, obs. form of Run], pre­

paration for curdling milk. Ren'net [F, rdnelte; perh. fr. reincy

queen], kind of apple. Re-nounce' [L- re-, back, maitidre (p.p.

nuntiatus\ to bring news; nuntiiis^ a messenger], cast o2, disown.

Ren'o-vate [L. re-, again, novate (p.p. •novdlits), to make new; novus, new], restore to freshness, renew, Renova'tion,

Re-nown' [L. re-, again, and nSmindrcy to name; rtDmen, a name], fame.

Rent [obs. form of Rend], a break, tear. Rent C0« « tente; L. r^dere (p.p. Tedditits)^

to render], payment for use of house, land, etc,; let for rent, hold as tenant.

Renf al, sum total of rents, Re-nun-ci-a'tion [see Renounce], disavowal,

abandonment. Re-pair' [L. re-, again, pardre (p.p. paTdtus^

to make ready], mend; restoration, con­dition with respect to soundness. Rep'ar-able.

Re-pair' [L. repairidre, to go back to one's coimtry; re-, back, and patria, native land], go back (to), resort.

Rep-a-ra'tion, restoration, amends.

Repartee 176 Rescue Rep-ar-tee' [F. reparlie, orig. fern. p.p. of

TepartiTy to redivide, reply; L. re-, again, "partirCj fco divide], smarii, wifcty replj.

E^past' [L. »'e-, again, pas^iw, food; pascere^ to feed], a meal.

Re-pa'tri-ate [L. re-, again, -patridre^ fr. patria, fatherland], to restore or return to natire land. Bepatria'tion.

Ec-ped' L. re-, again, appellare, to call upon], revoke, annul; act of repealing.

Ke-psat' [L, re-, again, petere, to seek], to do, or say over again.

Re-peat'er, a fire-arm that fires several shots without reloading, Mnd of watch, recur­ring decimal.

Re-pel' [L. re-, back, pellere, to drive], drive back, reject. [repel.

Ee-pel'Ient, very distasteful, tending to Re-penf [TJ. re-, again, pcenitere^ make

sorry], be sorry for wrong-doing. Re-pent'ance, sorrow for sin or for what one

has done. Rep'er-toiie (toire=twahr) [F. repertoire^ see

Repertory], stock of plays, songs, etc. Rep'er-to-ry UJ. reperiorvum^ repertory;

repenrc, find out; re-, again, and parere, to produce], store, esp. of facts, treasury.

Rep-e-ti'tion, act of repeating. HS'pme' [L. re-, again; 0,E, pin, ps-'m],

murmur, feel discontent. Ee-place' [L. re-, back, and Place], put back

in place, take or fill the place of. Re-plen'ish [L. re-, again; Late L. pUnere,

to fill; L. plenus, full], fill again, stock anew. Replen'isliment.

Re-plete' [L. re-, again, plere (p.p. pUtus\ to fill], full to excess. Reple'tion.

Rep'H-ca pet. replica, a replica; L. replicare^ to reply], artist's copy of a work of big own, esact copy.

RB'pIi-cate, tone one or more octaves above or below a given note.

Re-pI/ [L. re-, back, plicdre^ to fold], answer; an answer.

Re-poit' [L. re-, back, portdre, to carry], bring back an account, relate, take notes for the press; relation, repute, hearsay, resounding noise, Repor'ter.

Re-pose' (5=2) pL. re-, again, pausare, to pause], to rest; rest, quiet. Repose'ful.

Re-pose' [L. re-, back, ponere (p.p. positus), to place], to put (trust) in,

Re-pos'i-to-ry, place where things are stored. Rep-re-hend' [L. re-, back, prehendere (p.p.

prehetisus), to seize], reprove, find fault with. Re-prehen'slon.

Rep-re-hen'si-ble, deserving reproof. Rep-ie-senf [L. re-, again, prccsentdre (p.p.

pneseni&tus), to present], portray, stand in the place of, show,

3ep-re-sen-ta'tion, likeness, description. Rep-re-senf a-tive, fitted or elected to- re­

present, typical; substitute, Re-presa' (L. re-, back, and Press], press

back or down, check. Re-prx'eve' IF. repris, p.p. of reprendre, fr.

L. re-, again; P. prendre, to take], delay

the punishment of; pardcQ or lessening of sentence, respite.

Eep'ri-mand (L. reprinicre, to repress], reprove sharply; severe reproof.

Re-pri'sal (s=z) [0.]?. reprisaille, a reprisal; L. reprehenderc, to seize again], act of taking from an enemy in retaliation, act of retaliation.

Re-proach' [F. reproclter (vb.) ; perli. L. reprobure, to reject ontrinl], blame because of fault; shame, blame.

Rep'ro-bate [L. reprobdre (p.p. reprohdtus)^ reject on trial; re-, back, probare. to test], wicked; one who is given up to wicked­ness ; condemn,

Rep-ro-ba'tion, strong disapproval. Re-pro-duce' [I - re-, again, and Produce],

bring forn'ard again, portray, bring forth new beings (animals, plants). Repro-duc'tion.

Re-proof, blame, rebuke. Re-prove' (pve=oov) [L. reprobdre, to reprove;

re-, back, probdre, to test], chide, rebuke. Rep'tile [L. reptiUs, creeping; repere (p.p.

reptus), to creep], crawling animal. Reptil'ian.

Re-pub'lic [L. rispublica; res, a concern, publica, fern, of puhUcus, public], state, esp, one under an elective head. JBe-pub'lican.

Re-pu'di-ate [L. rcpudidre (p.p. repudidtus), to repudiate; re-, back, pudcre, to be ashamed), cast oU, disclaim. Repudia'-tion.

Re-pu^nant [L. re-, back, pngndre, to fight], hostile, offensive. Repng'nance.

Re-pulse' pj . re-, back, pcllere (p.p. pulsus), to drive], drive back; refusal, defeat.

Re-pul'sion (si—sh\ rejection, strong dislike. Re-pul'sive, offensive. Rep'u-ta-ble, respectable. Rep-u-ta'tion, credit, supposed character. Re-pute' [L. re-, again, putdre (p.p. putdtus),

to think], bold, think; reputation. Re-ctuest' [see Require], asking; to ask. Re'ftili-em (re or re) [L. r&iuiem, ace. of

requiSs, rest (ih-st word of the mass for the dead)], solemn service for the dead.

Re-quire' [L. requltere (p.p. rcqulsitus) ; re-, back, and quarrcre, to seek], demand, need.

Req'ui-sife, necessary; something necessary. Reij-ui-si'tion, formal demand. Re-ctui'taL return (^ood or bad). Re-quite' [L, re-, again, and Quit], make re­

turn (for), Rere'dos [A.F. reredos, rere, rear, dos (L.

dorsum), back], wall or screen behind an altar.

Re-scind' (Q [L. re-, back, scindere, to cut], cut off, annul.

Re'script [L. 'e-, back, scrlhere (p.p. scriptus\ to write], edict or decreo, a rewriting, palimpsest.

Res'cue [O.F. rescoure, to rescue; L. re-, again, ex, away, qiiatere, to shake], save, free ; act ot saving from danger, etc.

Research 177 Retaliate Re-seeiich' [Db->. T. recerche (F. recherche),

L. re-, again, and Search], search for a special purpose. [ness

Re-sem'blance (s=z) [see Resemble], like-Ee-sem'We is=z) [L re-., again, simulare,

to make like; similis, like], be hke, Re-senf (5=2) [L, re-, agam, sentne, to feel],

take ill, show displeasure- Resent'ment. Ees-er-va'tion, a steeping back, something

held back, land leserved for American Indian tribes, etc.

Re-setvc' (s^z) [L. re-, back, sertare, to keep], keep back, hold oyer; restraint, store for future use.

Ees'er-voir (voir=vwahr) [P. resencnr, Late L. Teseriare, to leserve], place for storing water.

Re-sef [O.r. receter; L recipere, to leceive], recei-v e (stolen goods). Reset ter.

Re-Side' (5=2) [L. residSrc, to remam behind, re-, back, sedere, to sit], dwell.

Ees'i-dence, dwelling, stay. Res-i"4en'tial((i=5/0,pertaming to residents Re-sid'u-al, Re-sid'u-a-ry, rcmammg. Res i-due [L. residuunif remainder; re-,

back, sedere, to sit], that which remains over. Resid'uum.

Re-sign' (sign—zint) [L. re-, back, signdre, to siga], give up, yield.

Res-ig-na'hon, giving up, submission. Re-3ile' [li. Te-, back, saltre, to 3ump], start

back, recoil. Resil'ience. Res'm (_s—s) [L. resinai cogn. with Q-k

reiinef ie3in],ooze from certain trees, esp. pines. Res'mous.

Re-sisf (rztst) [L, re-, against, SiStere, to stand], withstand, check.

Re-sist'ance (-swi'-), opposition. Bes'o-lute [see Resolve], deternimed, firm. Res-0-lu'tion, decision, analysis. Re-3olve' (5=2) [L re-, back, solvere (p p

soluius), to loosen], analyse, melt, decide , fixed purpose,

Res'o-nant [L. re ,back, 5on5re(prp. sonans, -antis), to sound], capable of returning sound. Res'onance.

Re-sort' (s=z) [O.r. re-, agam, 5omr, to go out; etyni. dub.], betake one's self; a haunt, resource, recourse.

Re-sound' (&=z) [L. je-, agam, and Sound], ling 01 re-echo with sound.

Re-sowrce' (0) [O P. Tc(s)sourdre to 1 ise agam], expedient, (pi) available means I^source'iul,

Re-Speet' [L. resptcerc (p.p. respcctiis), look back upon; re-, back, spccert, look a t ] , regard, honour; particular, esteem, regard. Respect ful.

Re-Spcct'a-ble, worthy of respect, of fan standing, fairly good. Respecfabil ity.

Re-Spec'tivc, proper to each, relative. Re-spec'tive-ly, as each belongs to each. Res-pir-a'tion, breathing. Res'-pir-a-tor, appliance of gauze or wire for

coyering the mouth. Re-spite' [L. res-pirdre; re , back, and spir&re,

to breathe], breathe. Respua'tion.

Res'pite [0 F. respit, respite, L. rtspectus respect], delay, a pause.

Re-splen'dent [L. le , again, splendere (pr.p. splendens, -eTitis), to shine], very blight.

Be-spond' [L. re-, back, spondSre (p p. sponsm), to answer], to rtply, peifonn answering action,

Be-spond'ent, answermg; defendant. Be-sponse', ans« er, reply. Re-spon'ai-ble, accountable, an&wei able

Responsibil ity. Ee-spon Sions, first of tliree esammations

for Oxfoid B.A. degree. Re-spon'sive, ready to respond. Eest^ [O.E. rasi; cf, G^r. ra^i, Du. rtist,

state of quiet, a pause ; to lie, relj. Rest 2 [F. Tester (vb ) ; L. restare, re , back,

and stare, to stand], remam over; re-mamder.

Rest 3 [for Arrest], socket f01 tilter's speai. Res'tau-rant (au~d, or pron. word as V)

[F. restaurant, pr p. of restaurer, to refresh], place where meals may be had

Rest-har-roit) [Rest^ and Harrow], a shrub ttith tough loots.

Res-ti-tu'tion [L. re-, again, statuere, to set up], restoration, amends,

Restive [O.F. rest^f, restive; F. ?ester, to remamj, resisting control, obstmate

Res-to-ia'tion, recovery, replacement. Re-stor'a-tive, something which serves to

restore (health, etc.). Re-store' [L. re , agam, staxirare (p p

stauratus\ to set up], recover, renew, give back,

Re-strain' [L, »e-, back, stniigere, to bind], hold back, inipriso i.

Re-stramf, repression, check, Re-stncf [L. restringcre (p.p. restncizts), to

restram], to limit, curb. Restric'tion. Be-sulf (5=2) [L. resiiltare; re-, back,

sahre, to leap], arise as a consequeuce, consequence, ellect.

Re-sult'ant, following as a consequence, combmed effect.

Re-sume' [h. re-, agauiysumere (p.p. sttmpCics), to take], take back, begin again.

R6 sa-m6 [F. pp. of rtswner, to resume], summary.

Re-sump'tion, act of resuming, Res-nr-rec'tion [L. resurgere (p p. resurrectKs),

to use again; re , again, surgere, to iise], a rismg, esp. from the dead,

Re-sus'ci-tato [L, resuscitare (p.p. resus' citdtus); re-, again, sub , from below, citdre, to rouse], levive Resuscitation.

Re-tail [O.r. rctoiZ, a shred; retaillier, to cut small; see Tailor], sell m small quantities, give details of.

Re-tam' [L. retmere (p.p. retentus); re-, back, tenere, to hold], contmue to hold, engage the services of

Re-tam'er, attendant, fee paid to a barrister for right to his services.

Re-tal i-ate [JJ rctahare (p p. retahatus) , re-, agiin, tahSf such], return like for like, Retalia'tion.

Retard 178 Reward Re-tard' [L. re-, again, tarddre, make slow;

tarduSf slow], keep back, delay. Retarda'-tion.

Retch [0 E. /irtecan, to spit, hT&ca, aspittle, strain as in Tomiting.

Re-ten'tion [see Retain], act of withholding. Re-ten'tivf, haying power to retain. Kefi-cent L^. reticere (pr.p. relicens^^-entis),

to be very silent; re-, back, tacerc, to be silent], inclined to keep silent. Ret'icence.

Ee-tic'-u-late p j . Teticulum, double dim. of Tetet a net], divide into a network.

Re-tic-u-la'tion, network. Ret'i-eiile [L. reticulum, double dim. of

Titc^ a net], small handbag. Ret'i-na [II.L. retina; perh. fr, rete, a net],

lining membrane of the back part of the eye.

Ret'i-nue [O.V. retenue^ orig. fem, p.p. of reteniTy to retain], body of refcainere.

Re-tire' [F. Tetirer \ L. re-, back; F. tirery to pull], withdraw. Retire'ment.

Re-tort' [L. re-, back, iorquere (p.p. tortus), to twist], return as an argument, etc.; witty or severe reply, vessel for distilling or decomposing by heat.

Re-trace' [L. re-, back, and Trace], trace back,

Re-tract' [L. re-, back, trahere (p.p. tractus), to draw], draw back, withdraw. Retrac'-tion.

Re-treaV P . re-, back, trahere, to draw], re­tirement, departure, shelter; withdraw.

Re-trench' [obs, F. retrencher; L. re-, back; F. trencher, to cut], cut down, lessen,

Ret-ri-bu'tion CL. re-, back, tribuere (p.p. tnbSt2ts), to pay], repayment, punishment.

Re-trieve' [L,re-,again; O.F.(rwer,tofind], regain, repair. Retriev'al.

Re-triev'er, dog whicb, finds and brings killed or wounded game.

Refro-cede [L. retro, backwards, cedere, to go], move back. Retrocea'sion.

Ret-ro-cede' [F. rStrocMcr; L. retro, back­wards, cedere, to go], cede (territory) back again.

Ret'ro-grade [L. retro, backwards, gradt (p.p. gressus), to go], tendir^ backward ; move backward.

Re-tro-grea'sion, act of going backward. Rettogres'sive.

Ret'ro-Spect [L. retrd, backward, specere ispicere), to look], a survey ol the past; look backward.

Re-tnm' [O.F. retomer; L. re-, back; P. tourner, to turn], turn, go, or give back, elect, report; act of returning, ttiat which is returned, election, official report.

Re-ua'ion (re-yoon'yUn) [L, re-, again, and Union], state of being reunited, social gathering,

Re-veal' [L. revSMre (p.p. revelutus), to reveal; re-, back, velum, a veil], disclose.

Re-veil'le iveille^veU or vaibji [F. rH-dllez, wake ye ; L. re-, again, and vigilare, to watch], waking signal in the morning.

Rev'el [O.F. reveUr, to riot; L. rebelldre, to rebel], riotous meriynuvjdng; to delight (in), indulge without restraint.

Bev-el-a'tion, act of disclosing, knowledge disclosed, last book oil the Biljle.

Bev'el-ry, noisy festivity. Be-venge' [L. re-, again, vindicdre, to vin­

dicate], return evil for evil; returning of evil for evil.

Bev'e-uue [O.F, revcnir (p.p. revenu), to re­turn; L. re-, back, letilre, to come], income of a state or person.

Be-ver'ber-ate [L. re-, back, verberare, to beat], resound, re-echo. Reverbera'tion.

Re-vere' [L. re-, again, vereri, to fear], regard with deep respect.

Rev'er-ence, deep respect and esteem. Bev'oend, worthy of reverence, title given

to a clergyman, [reverence. ReVer-ent, Re/er-en'tial (tl^sh), expressing Rev'er-ie [O.F. rever, resre\ to dream.

Etym. doubtful], /it of musing, day-dieaming.

Re-ver'sal, act of reversing, overthrowing. Re-verse' [L. re-, back, vertcre (p.p. versus),

to turn], turned backward, contrary; complete change, defeat, back or under surface; overturn, turn in opposite direction. Rever'siWe.

Re-ver'sion, right of succession to pro­perty or office, return to a previous state.

Re-verfc', to return, come back, Revert'ible. Re-vie'w' [L. re-, again, vidSre, to see], look

back, inspect, write a review of; a looking back, criticism, periodical, inspection.

Re-vile' [L. re-, agiin,zilis, vile], abuse, Re-vi'sal is—z), Re-vis'ion (s~zh), re-ex­

amination. Re-vise' is=s) [F. reviser, to revise ; L.

re-, again, vldire (p.p. vlsus), to see], re­examine, to look over and amend.

Ra-vi'val, state of being revived, renewed attention to something.

Re-vive' [L- re-, again, vlvcre, to live], re­turn to life or vigour; restore to life or vigour,

Re-viv'i-fy [L. re-, again, and Vivify], cause to revive.

Rev-o-ca'tioa [see Revoke], recall, repeal. Re-voke' [IJ. re-, back, vocurc (p.p. vocdtus),

to call], repeal, cancel, to fail to follow suit in card playing.

Re-volf [F. n'voJtc, revolt; see Revolve], turn away, esp. with abhorrence, to rebel; rebellion,

Rev-o-lu'tiou [see Revolve], motion round a centre, a total change, esp. of goveniment. Re-volu'tionary.

Re-volve' [L. re-, back, zolvere (p.p. volCiius), to roll], turn round, ponder.

Re-volv'er, pistol with revolving cartridge-chambers.

Be-vnl'sion [L. re-, back, vellere (p.p. vulsus\ to pull], f udden reaction.

Re-ward' (a=a;t;)[O.N.F.r«mr(Zer; O.F. re-garder. Doublet of Regard], return, re­compense ; to recompense, to pay.

Rhapsodize 179 Riot Rftap'so-dize, talk or ^\rite uith high flown

enthusnsm. E/iap EO-dy [Gk rhap-ioidia, rhapsody,

rhrqnein^ to stitch together, oide^ an ode], hi^h flown enthusiastic statement or com-po=5ition. Rhapsod ical,

R^eto-nc [Gk rhetoncos (tcchne), art of rhetoric; rhetor, an orator], art of ira-pre«^ive speaking, [writer.

RAet-o-n'cian (ci^sh), rhetorical •speaker or RAeiun (eiL=^oo) [Gk. rkeuma, (rfieumat os\

rheuin, r/ieein, to flow], mucous dischirge. R^ieu-matic [see Rheum], pertammg to

rheumatism, RAea'ma-tism [see Rheum], disease of the

joints and muscles. RAi-noc'e-ros (c=s) [Gk. rhis (rhm os),

noae, ceras, horn], thick skinned animal ^ ith one or two horns on the nose.

Rfto'do-den'dron [G-k. rhodon, a rose, den-dron^ a tree], slmib with large flower"^.

Eftomh, Rfi-om'bus [Gk. rhombos, a rhombus, Mem6ei?i, to revolve], equilateral foui sided figure havmg only the opposite angles equal.

Rftom'boid [Gk. rhomhoeides^ four sided equimKular figure having only the op posite sides equal.

R/^a'ba^b [K L. rhabarbarum^ foreign rha, or rhubarb; Gk. rha, rhubarb, perh. fr. the river Kha or Yolga], large plant with fleshy leaf stalks, a drug.

R7iyme [spelt rhyme by confusion with Rhythm; see Rime 2], recurrence of words ending in similar sounds at intervals in verse, to make rhymes, to end in rhymes. Rhyme'ster,

Rftythm [Gk. rhjthmos, rhythm, rJieein^ to flow], measured movement. Rhyth mical,

Rib [0 E. n&, Tibh, Com. Teut ], one of the cur\ed bones sprmging m pairs fiom the • pme, cuived bar from the keel of a ship.

Rib'aid [0.1*'. Tibautj nbauld, a memal], low and scuriilous.

Rlb'ald-ry, low, vulgar language. Rib'and, Eib bon [O.B nban, ruban, riband.

Jjfcym, doubtful], nairow woven fabno, usually of silk.

Rice [JJ. and Gk onjza; cf Arab. aruzCz), rice] agiam gro^ingin warm climates.

Rich [0 E rke, Com. icut. Perh fr. L rerc, a king], well supplied, wealthy, costly, highly flavoured.

Rick [OB. hr^ao; cf. Du. rook; Norw. raiillf stack of grain, hay, etc

Rick'ets [Etyra. doubtful], disease of children aHectmg the bones.

Rick'et-y, shaky, Ric'o-chei chet^sliai or shSt) [P. ncochct.

Etym. doubtful], rebound of bullet, etc, skipping on water of flat stone; skip or bound alon". [clear

Rid [0 N, rytnja, to clear], to free, to clear, Rid dance, freemg, deUvei mce. Rid die [0 E. Jinddel, eaiher fmdder, Sr. ?irzd~,

stem of verb to shake], coarse sieve ; pass through a riddle, pierce with holes,

Rid die [0 E rddels, fr. rc^dan, to con'^ider], puzzling question; speak in riddles, explain riddles.

Ride [0 E. ridan. Com Teut ], go on horse­back, etc ,or m a vehicle, float, excursion on horseback, nding path.

Ri'der, one who rides, clause added to a bill in course of discussion.

Ridge [O E. Iiri/cg, Com. Teut ], summit be tween slopes.

Rid i-eule [IJ. rldercy to laugh], mockery, laugh at.

Ri-dio'u-lous, laughable, droll. Ri'ding [for tknding, third part], a division,

esp. one of three administrative divisions of TorkB. [abounding.

Rife [0 K. rf/r, abundant], prevaflmg, Rifi raff [earlier nff and raff, O.I, rif el raf,

every bit], refuse, sweepings; the rabble Rl'fle [O.P. rifler, to scratch], search and rob. Ri fle [short for nficd gun, fr. rifie, to form

grooves; 0 E. rijler, to scratch], gun whose barrel is grooved with spinls, one of these grooves, to form grooves in the barrel of a gun.

Riit [Dan. and Norw, nft; cf. Norw. ma , Dan. nve, to tear], split, cleft,

Rig [Etym dub , cf. Norw. rigga, to bmd up, rig], fit with tackling, to dress; dre£>s.

Rig'ging, ropes, chains, etc , of a ship. Right [O B. nhtj Cora Teut ], straight, just,

fit, correct, on the side farther from the heart; unmediately, truly; straight course, justice; do justice, become upiight again

lUghf eous (eo=y or sh) [0 B. nhtwis; nkt, right, wf5, wise], just, free from sm.

Rig'jd (3=2) [^' Tigidus, stiff], stiff, strict, precise.

Ri-gid'i-ty, stiffness. Rig'ma-iole [Prob corruption of obs. ragman

roll, a document with many signatures], foolish talk. [shuddenng.

Rig'or [L. rigere, to be stiff], convulsive Rig'or-ous, severe, [severity. Rig'our [L, ngere, to be stifi], stnctness, RiU [cf. Du. nl, Ger rille'], small stream. Rim [O.E. nma\ cf. ON. mm, a ndge],

border, edge. Rime^ [O.E. and 0 N hrini], white frost. Rime 2 [0,F. nme; prob. fr. L. rhythmits,

rhythin], rhyme, Rind CJ long) [O E, niKT], peel, shell. Em'der-pest [Ger. niider (pi. of rtnd, ox) and

Pest], disease of cattle. Rmgi [0 E. hringan; Com. Teut, cf. 0 N

hringja, Ger rmgen, perh imit ], to sound as a bell; sound as of a bell.

Ring2 [OB. hnn/f. Com Teut, cf. ON. hnngr, Du. and Ger. rmg], circle, circular hoop; combination of traders, etc.

Rmg'lead-er, leader, esp. m evil, Rmi'let [dim. of Ring 2], curl. Rmk [peih. 0 P. renc, rank], sheet of Ice for

curling or skatmg, place for loller-skatmg, Rinse [E Tincer', on|?. unknown], \%ash out Ri'otLO !P.nofe; cf. It. no«a. Etym doubt­

ful], uproar, tumult engage in not,

Rip 180 Rood Rip [cf. Fris. rippe^ to rip or tear], tear or

cut open or oil. Rip-a'ri-an [h. npa, a bank], peitaining to

riyer baiits. Ripe [0J5.Tipe; cf. Du. rijp, Ger. reifl, ready

for reaping, mature. Ri-pOSte' [F. fr. It. risposta, response], quick

return-thrnst in fencing, countcrstroke. Eip'ple [?], dimple as running water, sound

like a brook; wavy appearance, a sound as of little waves,

Rip'ple [Of obscure origin;" cf. Du. repel, Ger. riffel]^ iron comb usod to clear seeds from flax; treat witU a ripple.

Rise (s—z) [O.E. rfafljt; Com. Teut.], moTe upward, get up, occur, come into existence; a going or getting up, beginning, ascent. •

Ris'i-We (5=2) [L. Tldere (p.p. rlsns^ to laugh], having power to laugh, laugliable. Risibil'ity.

Risk p t , risco, risk; perh. L, resecare, to cut off short; re-, back, and secare, to cut], chance of loss, danger; chance loss, en­danger, Rjsk'y, Risk'iness.

Ris'soIe[F.m5o/(?;perh.L.rz«5eo?w5,reddish], fried cake of minced meat, etc.

Rite [L. rUus, a rite], formal act of religion. Rit'u-al, pertaining to rites; prescribed

form of divine service, book of rites. RiVualism.

Ei'val [L. rlvits, a stream], competitor; com­peting ; strive to equal or excel. Ri'valry,

Rive tO.3^. re/a; cf. Dan. rive; Swed, rifva, to rive], rend, split. Riv'en.

Riv'er [O.F, rivere, river; Late L. rlpUHa, shore, river; L. npa^^ shore], large stream.

Riv'et [O.F. river, to clinch; etym. doubtful], pin or bolt whose headless end is beaten out after insertion; fasten, with rivets; fix the attention. Riv'eter,

Riv'u-Iet [see River], small stream. Roach [O.K roche; etym. doubtful], small

freshwater fish. Road [O.E, rddi fr. rldan, to ride], highway,

a public passage, place where ships ride at anchor. Road'stead.

Roam [?], wander, rove, Roan [O.F. roan; cf. It. and Sp. rotino, a roan

liorsG; etym. doubtful], chestnut, brown, or black interspersed with gray or white.

Roan [perh. from Rouen, kind of sheepskin leather.

RoaE [O.E.rAmn, prob. imit.], make a full, loud sound; deep loud cry, loud confused sound.

Roast [O.F. rest (n.), rostir (vb.), roast; perh. O.H.G. rdsten, to roast; rdst, gridiron], cook before the fire or in an oven; meat roasted or for roasting.

Rob [O.F, robber, roher, to disrobe, plunder], despoil (of), plunder.

Rob'ber, thief, plimderer. Rob'bery. Robe [O.F. robe, orig. meaning booty], outer

dress, flowing gown. invest with a robe, to dress,

Rob'in [O.F. Jtobin, pet name for Robert], small bird with d- red breast,

Ro-bust' [li. robustus, fr, robur, strength], strong, viE;orous. Robust'ness.

Rocki [O.F. TOlcc; etym. doubtful], large mass of stone or crag, Rock'ery.

Rock^ [O.E. roccian; cf. Ger. ruckcn, to tug], sway, cause to sv. ay.

Rock3[cf. O.N.T-OMT; S^ed.roci'; Dan.ro^, a distaff], distafE.

Rock'er, curving piece of wood on which a cradle, etc., rocks.

Roek'et [It. rocchetta, bobbin to wind silk on, rocket; see Rock3], projectile firework.

Rock'y, abounding in rocks. Ro-co'co [F.; etym. doubtful], v.'ith much

conventional decoration, in the style" of the time of Louis J^Y.

Rod [O.E. rodd; cf. 0.'^. rndda, a club], straight stick, measure of b\ yds.

Ro'dent [L, r5dens (-aiLis), pr.p. of roderc, to gnaw], gnawing; gnawing animal.

Rod-0-mon-tade' [fr. Rodomonte, character in " Orlando Furioso " ] , boastful talk.

Roe [O.E. rdka; Com. Teut.], small deer. Roe [SI.Du., M.H.G. roge], spawn of fishes. Rogue [?]) vagrant, knave. Rogu'er-y, knavish tricks. Roga'ish, knavish, mischievous. Roi'ster [F. nistre, 3J. rustiais], revel up­

roariously. Roi'sterer. Role [F. Tdk \ O.F. roller, to roll], part or

Roll (p) [O.F. roller (vb.), rolle (n.), roll; L. rotula, dim. of rota, a wheel], turn over and over, in^^Tap, press witJi a roller, rumble; act of rolling, that which is rolled up, list, small, separately baked piece of bread.

RoU'er, cylinder, swelling wave. Eol'lick [?], be jovial and boisterous. R6'ly-p5'ly [perh. from Roll], boiled pudding

of paste and jam in a roll. Ro'man [L. RSmCinus, ii\ Roma, Eome],

connected witli. Borne or the Church of Home ; ordinary upright type,

Ro-mance' [O.F. romans, a romance; parler romans, to speak Eomance, i.e. every­day Latin; L. RoTmnus, Soman; ROma, Home], (kmguages) derivM fi'om Latin; medicoval tale of chivalTy, wonderful tale; indulge in extravagant stories,

Ro-man'tio [see Eomance], fanciful, extra­vagant. Roman'ticism. [ture.

Ro-man-esg.''ue, romantic; Hnd of archibec-Rom'any [Gipsy, Romani, fern, and pi. of

RomaTio, adj. fr. Rom, gipsy], a gipsy, the gipsies, gipsy language.

Romp [perh. O.F. ramper, to clamber; etym, doubtful], play boisterously; rough frolic

Ron'deau, Ron'del [F., later form rondd, latei rondeau], phort poem with only two rhymes and the opening words used twice as a refrain.

Ron'do [It.], musical composition in which the leading theme recurs.

Rood [O.E. rtkl, a cross; cogn. with Rod], cross, measure of ^ acre,

Roof 181 Ruckle Roof [O.E. hr6f\ cf. O.Icc-l. r^d/], cover of a

building;' cover with, a roof. [smaller. Rook [O.E. JiTdcX bird like the crow, but Rook [0.!F. roc; Pers. rukhl, castle (che^). Room [O.E. rum; Com. Teut., cf. Ger. rawm],

space, an apartment. Room'y, spacious, large. Koost [O.E. krdst'; cf. M.Du. roesij, a perch ;

to perch. Roost'er. Root [O.E., O.K". Tdt; cf. Swed. rot; Dan.

Tody a root], part of a plant which grows downwards, source ; plant deeply, pull or dig (out).

Root, Rout (roiot) [O.E. wrdtan^ fr. prec], grub up (as swine).

Rope [O.E. rdpj Com. Teut.], large, stout cord; tie with rope or cord.

Rope'walk, long, low building where ropes are made.

Ro'sa-ry (s=z) [L. rosarium^ rose-garden: Late L. sense, wreath], set of prayers, string of beads for counting prayers,

Rose (s=z) [L. ro5a, perh. from G-k. rhodon^ a rose], shrub and its flower, rich red colour, disease of skin, perforated cap of spout of watering pot.

Ro'se-ate, tinged with rose-colour. Rose-ma'ry [L. rOsrnannus; rcTs, dew,

marintiSf marine], aromatic shrub, Ro'ser-y (.s=z), rose-garden. Ro-S8tie' [E. rosette^ dim. of Rose], ornament

in the form of a rose. Rose'woofl, dark cabinet wood named from

its fragrance. ; Ros'in (s=s) [changed from Resin], amber-

coloured resin; smear or rub with resin. Ros'teP [Du. rooster, list], list showing turns

for duty of individuals in military force. Ros'trum [L. rostrum^ a beak (pi. rostra,

pulpit for speakers in the forum, adorned with beaks of ships)], platform for public speaking.

Ro'sy, like a rose, blooming, red, Rot [O.E. rotian\ Com. Teut.], to decay;

decay, putrefaction. Ro'ta-^ [L. rota, a wheel], turning as a

wheel; kind of club. Eota'rian. Ro-tate' [L. rota, a wheel], turn as a wheel,

arrange in turn. • Bota'tlon. Rote rO'E. rote; lit. a beaten track ; etym.

doubtful; see Route], mere repetition. Rot'ten [O.M. rotinn; cf. Swcd. rutten\ de­

cayed. Rot'tenness. Ro'tot [L. rota, a wheel], a metal tower

revolved by the wind. Ro-tun'da [earlier rotonda; It. fem. of

Totondo, round], round building. Ro-tund'i-ty [_L. rotundus, round], roundness, Rouge (roozh) [E. rotige; L. rubeuSj red],

red powder for colouring the cheeks; apply or use such.

Rough (^A=J7) [O.E; ni/i; cf. Du. ruz>; Ger. rcfw/i], uneven, uncut, boisterous, rude.

Roul-etfe' (roo-lef) [P. roulette^ double dim. of row;^ a, wheel; L. rota., a wheel], a game of chance played on a table with a rotating wheel,

Round I'L. rotundus^ round], circular, spheri­cal, nob minutely accurate, sonorous, plain; circular series or course, step of a ladder, vocal composition like a catch, charge for firearm; about; make or go round,

Round'a-bout, indirect; merry-go-round. Roond'e-lay [P. roTidclety little song, and

Lay], short, simple song with refrain. Rouse (s=z) [?], wake from sleep, stir. Rout [O.E. TOutCj a rout, a way; L. rupta,

fem. p.p. of rumpere, to break], dis­turbance, mob, defeat and flight; defeat and put to flight,

Rout [var. of Root], force or fetch (out), Route (pu=oo) [P. route], way to De passed,

course. Rou-tine' (roo-teen') [P. routine, dim. of route,

a way], round of duties, etc. Rove [?], wander. Rove [?], long band of cotton, etc., drawn

out and slightly twisted, Row [?], (colloq.) brawl. "RoiO i [O.E. rdw ; cf. Ger, reihe'], number of

persons or things set in a line. Row? 2 [O.E, rdwaJi; cf. O.N. rda, to row;

cogn, with L, remits, an oar], propel with or use oars.

Rowan (ro'dn or roxifaii) [Swed. r ^ ; Icel, reynir, a rowan], mountain ash; its berry.

Row'dy [?], rough and noisy; rowdy person. RoVdyism,

Row's! [Late L. rotella, dim. of ro/ct, a wheel], wheel of a spur.

Rowlock [O.E. &rloc\ Oar and Lock 2], support; for an oar,

Roy'al [O.E. roial; L. rSgalis; doublet Regal], kingly, suitable for a king or queen. Roy^alist.

Roy'd-ty, sovereignty, sum paid to a land­owner for permission to work a mine, percentage paid to author on sales of books, etc,

Rnb [M.E., L.G. ruhben', of obscure origin], move along a surface with pressure, fret; act of rubbing, friction, Inequality that deflecte a bowl, impediment.

Rub'her, one who or that which rubs, caoutchouc.

Rub'ber [?], contest of three games. Rub'bish [perh. corrupt form of old pi. of

Rubble], waste matter, trash. Rub'ble [?]»rough stones used in masonry. Ru'bi-cund [L. rubicundits; rvbere^ to be

red], ruddy, red. Ru'bric [L. rubrica*, ruber, red], direction for

conduct of divine service, heading in special lettering.

Ru'by [O.P, rubif rubis, ruby; L. ruheus, red], red precious stone.

Ruohe (roosh) [P.], frill of lace, etc. Ruck [of Scand. origin; perh. fr. Norw. ruka,

cogn. with Rick], crowd, general run. Rnck [O.N, hrukka, to crease], a crease or

wrinkle; to crease. Ruck'le [of Scand. origin], to make a rattling

sound in the throat,

Rucksack 182 Sack Ruck'sack (rdbk) [Gcr. mcksack, Ufc. a back-

saok], a bag slung over the shoulders for carrying walker's necessaries.

Rud'der [O-E, rdther, from Row2], appliance for steering. [reddish.

Rud '^ [0.3, rttdiff, cogn. with Red], red or Rude pj. ritdis, rude], rough, uncivil, in

natural state. Rude'ness. Eu'di-ment [L. rudimentum; nwfts, rude],

(pi.) first principles, imperfect beginnings. Rudimen'tary. [herb.

Rue 1 [^, rue; L. ruta; Gk. rhutS, rue], bitter Rue2 [O.E. kr6owan\ cf. Du. rouwen^ Ger.

reuen], repent of, •nish undone; regret, pity. Rue'ful, mournful. Ruff [perh. shortened from Ruffle], plaited or

crimped collar. Ruf'fi-an [O.F. rufyen, ruffian; cf. Port, and

Sp. Tufian; etym. dub.], brutal, coarso man. [etc.

Ruffle [?], disturb smoothness; frill of lace, Rug [Of. Bwed. TKgg^ ruffled hair], thick cover­

ing for a floor, etc. Bug'ged [Of. M.Swed. rnggig, rough, hairy;

cogn. with Rug], rough. Ru'in [L. ruina^ rain; ruere^ to rusli, fall],

destruction, that which is fallen; destroy, bring to poverty. Ru'inous.

Bu-in-a'tion, state of rain. Rule [L. rSgulay a rule; regcre^ to rule],

governing direction, order, nonnal state of things, ruler or measurer; govern, draw lines guided by a ruler,

Ru'ler, one who rules, strip of wood used in ruling paper.

Rum [perh. short for earlier rumbullion^ • TUJiibu^tion; etym. doubtful], liquor dis­tilled from sugar-cane.

Rum [?] (slang), odd, queer. Rum'ble [AT.E. romblen; cf. Du. ronimelen,

Ger. rummeln; prob. imit.], make a con­tinuous heavy sound; rumbling noise, extra seat at back of carriage.

Ru'min-ate [L. rumin&ri (p.p. rUmindius), to ruminate; rame;i, the throat], chew the cud, ponder. Rumina'tion. Ru'minant.

Bum'mage [fr. older F. arrumage, now arritnage, a search], search by turning over; thorough search.

Eum'mer [Du. romer, a •wine-glass], large driuking-glass.

Bu'moMi [L. rCimor^ nmiour], popular report; tell from one to another.

Bump [Prob. Scand. orig.], tail end. Kum'ple [Of. M.Du. rompelen], make uneven,

wrinkle. Run [il.E. rinnc(ji), reimeiii), prob. from O.N.

Tinna, to run], move swiftly, flow, have a course; act of running, a course, urgent demand, range of pasture.

Run'a-gate fM-E. renegai, fr. Run and agatCy away ; see Renegadeji (arch.) vagabond.

Eune [O.N. and Icel. riin, cogn. with O.E. Tixn, whisper, mystery], character of the old alphabet of the Northmen.

Bung [CE, hrung ; cf. Du. rong, G«r. ruTigejf step of a ladder, spoke, cross-bar,

Ru'nio, pertaining to runo-. Run'nel [O.E. rynelc, cojni, with Run], small

brook. Run'ner, one who run< , trailing plant, one

o£ the pieces on which a sledge slides. Ru-pee' [Hind, rilpiyah; Ski-, rwpya,

wrought silver], silver coin and monetary unit of India.

Rup'ture [L. rumpcrs (p.p. ruptus), to break], a bursting, breach of friendly relations; to burst, break.

Ru'ral [I^. rurdlis; rils (rur-is), the country], pertaining to the coimtry.

Ruse (J=2) [O.F. n«e; ricser, to drive back], trick.

Rush [O.E. rise; cf. i l . Du. risch, Ger. rusch], marsh plant.

Rush [A. F. russJier, fr. O.F. rc(h)usser'\^ violent course of running; move forward with force, talco by sudden, attack.

Rusk [Sp. rosca^ roil of bread], light bread crisped in an oven.

Rus'set [O.P. roitssct, fr. roiw, red ; L. riissus, red], reddish-brown.

Rust [O.E. nlst, cogn. with Red], red crust on iron, mould on plants ; contract rust. Rust'y.

Rus'tic [L. rusticus; rUs, the country], rural, countrified, simple ; simple country person. Rusticity.

Rus'ti-cate, reside in the country, send away from a university for a time. Rustica'tion.

Rus'fle [imit., cf. Du. ridselen], maJce sounds like the moving of sflk; sound of rustling.

Rut [?], track worn by a wheel. Rath [see Rue 2], pity. Ruth'lesS (u=oo), pitiless. Rye [O.E. ryge; cf. 0,'N. ^ s? ], kind of grain. Ry'ot [Hind, rait/at], Indian peasant.

Sab-ha-ta'ri-an, strict Sabbaih-keeper. Sab'bath [Heb. skabbOth, Sabbath; shabaffi,

to rest], season or day of rest. Sabbat'icaL Sa'We [O.F. sable, ssible-fur, ])rob. of Slavonic

orig.; cf. Polish and Czech sobol, the sable. As black sable was best Ukcd, the word sable also means "black"] , animal of the \i easel kind, also its fur, (pi.) mourning dress; dark.

Sa-bo: ' [F-; etym. doubtful], wooden shoe. Sa'bre [r . sabre; Ger. sabel, sabre], cavalry

sword with curved blade. [term). Sac [L. sacciis, a sack], small bag (scientiflo Sac'cha-rinc (ch—k) [Gk. saccJiaron, sugar],

pertaining to sugar, sweet. Sa-cer-do'tal [1J. saccrdos (sacerdOt-isX a

priest; sacer, holy; dare, to give], priestly. Sach'et (chct=shai) [P. sacliet, dim. of sac;

L. sacms, a bag], small perfumed bag. Sack [O.K. sacc: L.sacciis; Gk. saccos; Heb.

saq, a sack], large bag. Sark [formerly seek, ivyne seek; ]?. vin seCj

dry wine^ sack], a white Tvlne,

Sack 183 Salver Sack [perh, L. saccare, put iu a sackj, pillage;

to plunder. Sack'but [F. sag\tehute; etym. doubtful],

obsolete bass trumpet mth slide for altering pitch.

Sac'ra-ment [L. sacer^ sacred], religious rite, as the Lord's Supper and Baptism. Sacramen'tal.

Sa'ered [p.p. of obs. sacre^ to render holy; L. sacer, lioly], holy, set apart.

Ssc'ri-flce [L. sacer, holy, facere, to make], ollering, esp. to a god ; offer up, give up for a purpose. Sac'riflcial.

Sac'ri-lege [L- sacer, holy, legere, to gather], profaning of sacred things. Sacrileg'ious,

Sac'rist, Sac'ris-tan [L. sacristan a sacristan; sacer, sacred], official having charge of sacred vestments and utensils.

Sac'ris-ty [L. sacer, sacred], vestry. Sao'ro-sanct [L. sacrum (abl. sacro), sacred,

sanctiis^ saint], inviolable, secured by religious sanction against outrage.

Sad [O.E. saed; Com. Teut.; cogn. with L. satis, enough], mournful, dull, doughy.

Sad'den, make or become sad. Sad'dle [O.E. sadol; Com. Teut.], rider's seat,

special joint of muttoa or venison; put a saddle on.

Sai'dlei, one •who mafefia saddles. Sad'du-cee [L.L. Sadducceus, fr. late Heb.

Cadduqi], member- of Jewish sect of the time of Christ that denied resurrection of the dead, existence of spirits, and the obligation of the traditional law.

Safe [F. saufi L. salvusy safe], secure, unharmed; fireproof box for valuables, cool receptacle for meat.

Sa!e'gwatd, defence; protect. Safe'ty, freedom from danger. Saffron [F. safran; Arab, za^faran^ kind of

crocus, also its dried stigmas, deep orange yellow,

Sag [M.B. saggeii; cf. Du. zdkken\ sink in the middle, droop,

Sa'ga [O-N", and Icel, saga; segja^ to say], Scandinavian legend.

Sa-ga'eious (aci=a%shy\Jj, sagax (sagdc-is) ; sdgirc^ to discern acutely], shrewd, wise.

Sa-ga'ci-ty, soundness of judgment. Sage [F. sage, wise; L. sapere^ to know],

wise; wise man. Sage [ir.E. and P. saugc; L. salvia, sage;

L. salvdre, to heal], aromatic herb. Sa'go [Alalay sdgu, sago], food starch from the

pith of certain palms. Sail [O.E. seo(c)l. Com, Teut.], sheet of canvas

to catch the wind, fleet of sailing-vessels, iourney by water; travel by water, begin a voyage.

Sail'or, seaman. Sam'foin [P. sain, healthy, foin, hay], herb

used as fodder. Saint [O.P, saint; L. san^tus, holy], holy

person, one who is canonized, Salre [O.E. sacji, a quarrel, sake; cf. Du.

saak, a lawsuit, thing; Ger. saclie, afC iir], out of consideration or regard for.

Sa-laam', Sa-lam' [Arab, saldniy saluting], in Q the East a ceremonious salutation; make ^ a salaam (to).

Sal'ad [O.It. salata, a salad; L. sal, salt], Ijreparafcion of raw herbs.

Sal-a-man'der [L. and Gk. salama7idra, a kind of lizard], nowfc-like animal supposed to live in fire, spirit living in fire.

Sal'a-ry [L. saldrinm^ orig. money given to soldiers to buy salt; sal^ salt], fixed pay­ment for service.

Sale [O.E. sala, prob. fr. O.K. sala; cogn. with Sell], act of selling, market, auction,

Sal'ic, Sal'iqwe [P. salique^ fr. Salii, tribe of the Pranks], (law) excluding females from throne.

Sa'li-ent [L. saUre (pr.p. saliens^ -entis), to leap], leaping, projecting, prominent.

Sa'line(sailine orsa-Hruf)[L.saZmws,saline, s'll, salt], consisting of or containing salt.

Sa-Ii'va [L. sallray spittle], digestive fluid from glands.

Salloiu [O.E. salo'j cf M. Du. sain, dis­coloured], of a dull yellomsh colour.

Sal'loiy [O.E. sealh, willow. Sal'ly [L. salire, to leap], rush out; rush of

troops from a besieged place, dart of wit, etc.

Ssl-ma-gvia'Sit^. s(tlmigon<Zifi; etym. dub.], disii of seasoned chopped meat, anchovies, etc.

SaZm'on (df) [A.F. sarrwun • L. salmo, salmon; perh, from L. sal'ire^ to leap], large food fish.

Sarloon' [F. salon, a reception room ; salle, a room; O.H.G. sal, a hall, a room], large public room, also in ship, train,

Salt [O.E. sealt; Com. Teut.; cogn. with L. sSlly substance found in earth and wattr, esp. sea-water, kind of chemical compound; season or preserve with salt; impregnated or preserved with salt.

Salt'cell-ai [Salt and obs. saler, fr. O.F. salier • L. saldrium, salt-holder], small salt-holder.

S^t-pe'tre [Late L- salpetra; L. sal, salt, and Gk. petra, rock], crystalline salty substance, nitre,

Sa-lu'bri-ous [L. saluhHs, healthy, salus, health], healthy. Salu'brity.

Sal'u-ta-ry [L. solus (salUt-is), health], whole­some, beneficial,

Sal-U-ta'tion, form of address at meeting or partmg, gesture or message of greeting.

Sa-late' [L. salus (salut-is)^ health], greet, kiss; ceremony of respect, complimentary firing of cannon, etc.

Sal'vage [O.F. salvage, lit, a saving; L. salvdre, to save], compensation to persons who help to save ship or cargo, property saved from wreck, etc. Sal'vor,

Sal-va'tion [L. salvus, safe], saving of the soul, deliverance from danger, etc.

Salve [O.E. sealf'y cf. Du. zalf; Ger. salbe], liealing ointment; gloss over.

Sal'ver [Sp. salva, a salver, a tasting of food or drink before serving; saliar, to save], tray,

Salvo 184 Satisfy Sal'vo [It. salcaj salutation, perh. from L.

salve^ hail 1], discharge of firearins as salute.

Same [0.!CT. SUTTW ; of. Du. and Swed. samme^ the same], unchanging, not diilerent, of the like kind.

Same'ness, lack of variety. Sam'ite (d) [O.F. samit], rich silk dress-fabric

interwoTen. with gold. Sa'mo-vai [Kuss. saTnovaru, self-boiler],

-Bussian tea-urn. Sam'phirs [earlier sampere; F. (herbe de)

Saint Fierre, Saint Peter], ciifi plant whose leaves are used in pickles.

Sam'ple [from obs, essanvph^ var. of Example], specimen; test samples.

Sam'pler [as Sample], piece of worsted work containing letters, etc.

San-a-to'ri-um [see below], place or establish-' ment for the treatment of invalids. San'a-to-ry [L, sanator, a healer, san&re, to ' heal], conducive to health, curative.

Sanc'ti-fy [L. sanctus, holy,/acere, to make], make sacred or holy. Sancti'fication.

Sanc-ti-mo'ni-ons [L. sanclimSnia, holiness ; sanctitSy holy], hypocritically pious. Sanct'imony.

Sanc'tion [L. sanclre (p.p. sanctus), to make holy], confirmation, approval; confirm, approve. [holiness,

Sanc'ti-tude, Sanc'ti-ty [L. sanclus, holy], Sanc'tu-a-ry [L. sanctus^ lioly], holy place,

place of worship, refuge. Sanc'tmn [L. neut. of sanctus, lioly]) sacred

place, shrine, private place of retreat. Sand [O.E., Com, Teut.], fine particles of

stone, (pi.) stretches of sand. San'dal [&k. sandalion; etym. dub., a

sandal], sole strapped on as a shoe. Sau'dal-woofl [Arab, can^fai; Skr. chandana],

compact fragrant wood, Sand'wich [from an Earl of Sandwich'y "who

had sandwiches brought to him while gambling], slices of bread with meat, etc., between; insert between layers.

Sand'y, ^ l of»covered with, or like sand. Sane [IJ. sdrnts^ healthy], mentally sound. San'gar (sang'gar) [Hind, sunga, a sangar],

stone breastwork, San'gui-napry [L. sanguis (sanguin-is), blood],

bloody, bloodthirsty. San'guine [L. sanguis (sanguin-is\ blood],

blood-red, hopeful. San'he-drim, San'he-flriu [Late Heb. sanJic-

drin; Cj-k. sunedrion^ " asittingtogether"], supreme council and highest court of justice at ancient Jerasalera.

San'i-ta-ry [L. sOnus^ healthy], pertaining to health.

San-i-ta'tion, use of sanitary measures. Sau'i-ty [L. sdnitas sG,nitat^is\ health;

sdnitSf healthy, whole], soundness of mind. San'ta Claus tU.S.A„ fr. Du. Sint Klaas, St,

Nicholas], personage who fills stockings at Christmas.

Sapl [O.E, seep. Com. W. Germanic], juice of plants.

Sap 2 [1 . sa-per; F. sappe, or It. mppa, spade], digging undergrouuii trenches to approach a beiieged place, undennine, weaken; an underground trench.

Sap'i-ence [D. sapcre, to know], wisdom, fancied wisdom. Sa'pient,

Sap'ling [see Sap i], youuf? tree. Sap-o-na'ceoua (c€=sh) [L. sdpo (s5pon-is),

soap], soapy, Sap'pec [see Sap 2], military engineer. Sap'phire [O.K safir; Gk. sappheiros, a,

sapphire], blue precious stone. Sa'ia-cen [JJ.L. SaracSmis'], Arab or lloslem

of time of the Crusades. Sar'casm [G-k. saraismos, a sneer; sarcazcin,-

to tear fiesh, to sneer], cutting expression, biting wit,

Sar-cas'tic, sneering, bitingly witty. Saice'net» Sars'enet [A.l'\ sarzincu, cloth

made by the Saracens; L. Saraceniis, Saracen], fine tliin silk.

Sar-copli'a-gua [Gk. sarx, flesh, phagein, to eat], stone coffin.

Sar'dine (ine=een') [Gk. sardS; prob. from Sardinia), small fish preserved in oil.

Sar-don'ic [L. Sardanicus, Sardonius; Gk. Sardonios; etjin. uncert.], bitterly scorn­ful.

Sar-gas's£>.[Port. sargago], a floating seaweed found in the Gulf Stream.

Sar-sa-par-il'la [Sp. zarzaparilla, from zarza, bramble, and perh. dim. of parra, riiie], dried roots of a Icind of smiiax.

Sar-toM-al [L. sartor, a taflorj, pertaining to a tailor or his work. [frame.

Sash [F, chassis ; L. capsa, a case], window-Sash [Arab, shdsh, muslin], scarf for waist

or shoulder. Sw'sen-ach [Gael, and Ir. for Saxon], the

Highlander's name for a Lowlander or any other of non-Celtic race.

Sa-tan'ie [Heb. sutdn, adversary], lilce Satan, diabolical.

Satch'el [L. saccelhts, dim. of sacmis, a sack], hand-bag.

Sate [earlier sade; O.E. sadian \ assim. to L. satis, enough], satiate, glut. [cloth.

Sat-een' [from Satin], glossy cotton or woollen Safe'el-Iite [L. satdles (satdh'Hx), an attend­

ant], attendant, secondary planet. Sa'ti-ate (t^^sh) [L, satis, enough], overfill,

cloy, Sa-ti-a'tion (t=sh), Sa-ti'e-ty, gratification

beyond desire. Safin [F. satin, prob. fr. L. seta, silk],

glossy silk cloth. Sat'inette. Safire [L. satira, satura, a kind of poetry,

crig. a medley; fr. lanx satura, full dish], composition in prose or vei-se hoUUng up vice or folly or individuals to ridicule, rise of ridicule to discourage vice or folly.

Saf-ir'ic-al, cutting, sarcastic. Sat'irist. Sat'ir-ize, attack with satire. Sat'is-fao'tion, content, amends. Sat'ig-fy [L. sati'i, enough,/aC(?re (p.p. facius),

to make], jp-atify fully, content, con^-inoe, solve (doubt).

Satrap 185 Scarf Sa'tiap (iSa=,Sai), Safrap [L. and Gk.

satrapes; 0. Pers. Iksatra-paia, guardian ot a province], ancient Persian proTincial governoi, [Satura'tion.

Sat'u-iate [!/• satur, full], fill luUy, soak. Sat'ur-day [O.E. Sostem(es) dceg^ transl, o£

L. S&tumi dies, day of Saturn], seventh day of the week.

Saf ur-nine [O.F. saturmn; L. Sdtumiis^ Saturn], gloomy.

Safyr [Gk. satyros, a satyr], woodland deity (p^rt man part beast) of the Greeks.

Sauce [L. salsa, a salted thing; sdU salt], pre­paration used as a relish, impertinence.

Sau'cer [O.F. saussier (fr. Sauce)], small concave plate under a cup.

Sau'ey, pert, impudent. Sauc'iness. Saun'ter [?], walk about idly. Sau'ri-an [Gk. sauros, lizard], one of the

lizard tribe, Sau'sage [Late L. salszcia; L. salsm^ salted;

sal, salt], minced meat in a skin. Sav'age [L. silvatictts, belonging to a wood ;

silia, a wood], wild, uncivilized, brutal; uncivilized human being. Sav'agery.

Sa-van'na/i [Sp. zavana; perh. of Oanb. origm], plain, usually a treeless plam, in tropical America.

Save [F. sanver; L, sahare (p.p. salvdtiLs\ to save], make safe, rescue, lay up, prevent; except.

SaVe-loy [O.F. cervdat\ It. cervellataj a sausage (contalnmg brams); It. cervellOy L, eerebellum, dim. of cerebrum, brain], seasoned cooked and dried sausage.

Sa'ving, thrifty; except ;(ii pi.) sums laid by. Sa'viour, deliverer, Jesus Christ. Sa'vo-ry [prob. cogn. with Savour], herb of

the mint family, Sa'vour [L. sapor^ taste], taste and odour;

partake of the quality (of). Sa'vour-y, having an appefcizmg taste;

dish served at beginnmg' or end of dinner. Sa-vo/ [fr. Saioieijx France], kmd of cabbage. Saw ^ [O.E. sagu; cogn. with L. secdrey to

cut], cutting instrument with a toothed edge; cut •« ith a saw.

Saw 2 [O.E. sagu, fr. secgan, to say], pro-verbi-tl saying.

SaVdust, "nood dust produced by sawing. SaVyer, one employed in sawing. Sax'horn [fr. the mventor A. Sax], brass

instrument of trumpet class. Sax'i-fcage [L. saxum, stone, frangere, to

break], rock plant. Say (O.E. secgan; Com. Teut., Ger. sageti],

to speak; what one has to say, share in a decision.

Scab [cf. Swed. slcahh ; Dan. slab, scab], crust on a sore, disease of sheep. Scab'by.

Scab'bard [A.F. escavhers (p i ) ; sec Scale 2 and Hauberk], sheath.

Scaffold. [O.F. scha^aut, cschaffaut; cf. It. catafalcOf a stage, scaffold. Etym. doubt­ful], temporary structure of timber, stage for execution.

Sc^Jold-ing, supporting framework.

Scald (a=aw) [L Ij.excalddre,\ioscAld, £:a;,out, cahdus, hot], burn with hot liquid, expose to a boilmg heat; bum from hot liquid or steam.

Scald (a=aw) [0 N. skald, ancient Scandi­navian bard.

Scale 1 [O.N. sMl, a bowl; cogn, with Scale 2], dish of a balance, (pi) a balance, tu \'i eigh, have weight of.

Scaled [O.F. escale; O.H,G. scala, a scale], thm bony plate on the skm of a fish or a lizard; clear of scales.

Scale 3 [L. scala, a ladder], anythmg gradu­ated, series of musical tones; climb.

Sca-lene' [Gk. scalenos, scalene, uneven], having three unequal sides and angles

Scal'Iop [O.F. escalope'y M. Du. scJielpc, a shell], fan-shaped bivalve, curvmg on the edge; cut into scallops.

Scalp [Northern M.E. scalp , app. of Scand. orig; cf. O.N. sldlpr], outei covering of the skull; deprive of the scalp.

Scal'pel [L. scalpelhim, dim. of scalprtim, a knife; scalpere, to cut], dissectmg knife.

Sca'ly, covered with scales. Scamp [formerly, a fugitive ; perh. 0 N.F.

escampeTy to flee; L. ex, out of, campus, battlefield], rascal, [negligently.

Scamp [perh. var. of Scant], do (woik) Scamp'er [perh. O.N.P. cscamper, to flee],

run with speed; hasty lun. Scan [L. scandere, to climb], read verse mark-

mg the poetic feet, look closely at. Scau'dal [Gk. scandalon, a snare, stumbling-

block], mahcious talk, disgrace. Scan'-daloos.

Scan'dal-ize, offend, shock, Scan'sion, act of scanning verse. Scan'L Scanf y [O.N. skamt, short], scarcely

sufficient; keep poorly supplied. Scantling [O.F. escantiUan, sample; efcym.

uncert], small quantity, allotted poition, prescribed measurement in buildmg, etc.

Scape [L. scapus, a radical stem bearing flowers and no leaves, as m the primiose.

Scape'goat [scape shoi t for Escape, and Goat], one who bears blame for others.

Scape'grace iscape^ short for Escape, and Grace], graceless, reckless person.

Scap'u-lar [L. scapuke, shoulder blj^des], of or for the shouldei-blades.

Scar [Gk. eschara, hearth, scar of a burn], mark left by a woimd , leave maik of a wound.

Scar'ab [L. scarahanisl, sacred beetle of Egypt, gem cut to the shape of this.

Scarce(tz=aOLO.N.F. ajtars,scaice; LateL. scaTpsus, for L. excerptus, selected; see Excerpt], rare, not plentiful,

Scarce'ly, hardly, with difficulty. Scarce'ness, Scar'ci-ty (a=aOi lanty, want Scare [obs, skcrre^ timid; 0 N. sJcirra

timid], frighten; fright. Scarf [Du. scherf, a shred ; cf Gei. scTierhe ;

perh, fr. O.N F. escarpe, a pilgrim's scrip hung from the neck], covering for neck and shoulders.

Scarify 186 Scoundrel Sear'i-Iy [LL. scarlficdre, to scirifj , GL.

scariphaomaif I scritch.; scanp/ios, a stylo], scratch or cub tho skjn oL

Scar-lft-ti'naO=:e(?)[It scarlatti7ia; scarlaito, scarlet], form of scarlc?t foTer.

Scar'let [JPers. saqalatj sigalat^ Ecarlet cloth], deep bright red

Scarp [It. Scarpa, a scirp; cf M IT G. scharpf, sharp], steep slopo as part of a fortifica­tion,

Scath, Scathe [O.N. skathe; of Swcd. skada; Dan, shade, hami], harm.; injure. Scatheless.

Scat'ter [Northern form of Shatter], strew about, disperse.

Scav'en-ger [formerly scaimer; O.F. es~ cauicer, to inspect], street cle^ne^.

Scene [G-k, scenSy tent, stage, scene], place of occurrence, stage view, part of a play, theatrical display, heated conversation.

Sce'ne-ry, landscape, the paintmgs, etc., used oa a stage.

Scen'lC, pertaining to scenery. Scent [formerly sent, L. seiUlre, to feel,

perceive], to smell; odour, odour left in the traci; of an anmial, sense of smell.

Scep'tlC (sci=sk') [Gk. scepsiSy inquiry; scep-ticos, thoughtful, inquiring], doubter, one who doubts wbetlier inowled^c of reahty IS possible.

Seep ti-cal, doubting, slow to believe. Scep'ti-cism, doubtmg attitude of mind. Scep'tlQ [Gi:. sccptron, a prop, a sceptre],

staff borne by a soverei^. Sched'ule [L. schedula., dim. of sckeda, a

strip of papyrus; Late Gk. schedS, a tablet], formal list or inventory, appendix to Act of Parliament or deed ; to enter m a schedule.

Scheme ick—'k') [formerly scfiemai ^- and Qk. schema, shape], plot, plan; to plan. Schema'tic.

Scher'zo (skairl'sO) [It from Ger, scherz, jest], a lively movement in music usu. following a slow one.

Bc/iism [Gk. scMsma, schism; schtzcin, to cleave], division, breach of unity. Sciiis-ma'tic.

Schist [Gk. schistos, easily cleft, schizein, to cleave], rock easily divided into slabs. Schia'tose.

Schorar(c/(=A;)[0,II. scolere; L L scholaris, scholar], school-child, learned person.

Schorar-Ship, learning, a foundation for the mamtenance of a student.

Scho-Iaa'tic, schoIarliLe, pedantic, pertammg to schools, Scholas'ticisin.

Scho'li-ast (cA=^), writer of marginal notes on tho classics.

School (ch=k) [CH. scdl; L. schola, school, Gk. schole, rest, leisure, a school], place for jiistruction,bodyofscholars, group devoted to a principle, etc.; to train. [shoal.

School [Du. school; doublet of Sho^], Schoon'er (cA=i) [orig, scooner, pcrh. fr.

Scot, scun, scoon, to ^ d e swiftly], small vessel nggcd fore and aft.

Schoftiscbe (sh'lush or sholtrcsh') [Ger schoUisch, Scottisii], land of danc^ .

Scj-at'20 FL. sciaticas, Gi. zschiadicos, subject to loin pain; is chion, socket of thigh-bouL], pertaining to the hip-jomt.

Sci-at'i-ca, neunl^ia m tho thigh. Sci'ence [L. scieiUia, knowledge; sclre^ to

know], systematized knowledge, branch of systematized knoT\ ledge.

Sci-en-tif ic [Science 'ind L facers, to make], pertammg to or agreeing with science.

Scim'e-far, Scim'i-tnr fit. scimxtarra, perh, IT. Pers. shamskiT, a scmutLir], Eastern curved sword.

Scin'til-late [L. schxtilla, a spark], send out sparks. Scintilla'tion.

Sci'o-Iist [L L. sciolus, a smatteier; scire, to know], smattcrer.

Sci'on [0 F. cion, a scion, a ehoot, etym. doubtful], shoot 01 bpiout, descendant.

Scic'r/tus (sci~sl or ski) [Gk. scnos, hard], hard swelling.

Scis'sion [L. scindcTc (p p. scissus), to cut], act of cutting.

Scia'sors [O.F. ctsoiresj cisel, (pi.) ciscaux, a chisel], two sauU blades on a central pm.

Scoff pif.I3. scof, skof; ctym. doubtful], a sneer; to mock, sneer.

Scold [cf DM. sclelden\ Ger scMUcn; perh. O.N. skald, poet (? one who writes lam­poons], lebuko noisily; scolding person.

Scol'Iop, see Scallop, Sconce [L. absconsa, vnr. of ahscondita, fem.

p.p. of abscondercy to hide], fort, (colloq ) top of head. Candle socket, projectmg candle-stick,

Scone 00 [Sc. perh from JI. Du. scJtoonbroty fine Dread], soft cake of flour or meal usually cooked on, a griddle.

Scoop [M.L.G schdpe; Swcd skopa, a scoop], ladle, deep shovel; to ladle out, dig out.

Scope [Gk. scopo^, mart to shoot at, watcher; scopein, to look], langa of view 01 action.

Scor-bu'tio [L. scorbutus, scurvy], afflicted with scurvy.

Scorch [L. et, off, cortex (coriie-is), bark], burn on tho sui face, parch, go verv quickly (slang, used of cyclists and motorist^).

Score [O.N. skor, a cut, twenty], scratched line, account, twenty, number of pomts gained, mu3ica,l parts written one above another; to notch, mark, make points, succeed.

Sco'n-a [L. and Gk. scOria, refuse], slag, rough sponge-like mas' es of cooled lava.

Scorn [O.F. estomer, to scorn, orig, to di horn; prob. of Teut. origin], lofty con­tempt ; despise, disdain, Scom'ful.

Scor'pi-on [L, scorpto, a scorpion], animal with lobstcr-liko claws and jomted tad with Bting at tho end,

Scotch [perh var. of Scoie], gash. Scot ti-cism. Idiom pecubar to the Scots. Scot'-free [0,B. sc(fi)ot, fr. 0 N. skot, a pay­

ment, and Free], untaxed, unhurt. Scoun'diel [orig. obscure], rascal.

Scour 187 Seafaring* Scour 1 [L. ex, very, airure, to take care of],

clean or brighten by rubbing, clear out (a channel, etc.).

SGOUTS [orig. obscure], run swiftly, esp. in search.

Scourge \M. It. scoriare, to whip; L. excoHare, to Hay], a whip ; to lash,

Scout [O.r. escouter, to listen], one sent out to obsecTft and bricg 131 tidings; act as a scout.

Scout [cf. O.K. slc-ita, a taunt; shi6ta, to shoot], reject with contempt.

Scowl [Prob, Scand.; c t Dan. slcule, to scowl], look sullen; a frown.

Scrag'gy [1>. obs. crag^ neck; cf. Du. Tcraag ; Ger, icragen], lean and bony, Scrag^iness.

Scram'ble [orig. obscure; perh. var. of scrahhle, a fi'eq. of Scrape], clamber on all-fours, struggle with others (for); act of scrambling.

Scrap [O.N. sTcrap^ scraps, lit. scrapings], fragment. Scrap'py.

Scrape [O.E, scrapian; 0.1^. skrapa, to scrape], grate harshly over, gather in. small portions; act of scraping, a fis.

Scratch [cityin. dub,; perh. a confusion of obs. Scrat and Cratch], mark with some­thing sharp, withdraw from a competition; slight wound, one with the heaviest handi­cap ; collected haphazard.

Scrawl [perh. contraction of scrabble^ to scrawlj, write carelessly; inelegant writing,

Scream [Early lI.E. scrcemen, scrmmen], utter a sharp cry ; shrill cry.

Screech [modification of imitative Scritch], scream harshly •, harsh shrill cry.

Screed [var. of Shred], piece torn off, long tiresome utterance.

Screen [AI.E. shrce)ne; etym. doubtful; conn, with O.F. escreiii a screen], some­thing which conceals or protects; pro­tect, shelter or hide.

Screw [O.P. escro(u)e., screw. Etym. doubt­ful], spirally grooved nail or cylinder, ship's propeller, miserly pei*son, unsound horse; turn as a screw, twisc, oppress.

Serib'ble [L, scrlbere^ to write], write without care or grace.

Scribe [L. scrlbere, to write], writer, Jewish doctor of the law. [sterers.

Scrim [?], cloth used for lining by uphol-Scrim'mage [var. of Skirmish], confused

fight. Scrimp [etym. doubtful; cf. Sw., Dan.

slrumpen, shrivelled; remotely alUed to O.E. scrimmauj to be paralysed], scanty ; allow too little.

Scrip [O.P. escrepe, wallet, purse; etym. doubtful], small bag, pilgrim's wallet.

Scrip [short for Script], certificate of stock. Script [O.P. escript; L. scHhere (p.p. scriptus),

to write], written characters. Scrip'ture [L. scrVtere (p.p. scHpins'), to

write], the Bible. Scrip'tural. Scriv'en-er [O.P. escrivain^ L.L. scr^anus,

scrivener], professional writer, notary,

Seroi'u-la [L. scrofula, a scrofulous swelling, orig. a little pig; scrofa, a sow], disease affecting glands of the neck. Scrofulous,

Scroll [earlier form Scrow; A.P. escrowe, a scroll; cf. II. Du. scJiTode^ a sLrip], roll of paper or parchment, ornament like tliis.

Scrub [var. of Shrub], brushwood, stunted tree, breed o£ small cattle, insignificant person.

Scrub [Dan. shnibhe, bnishwood; etym. doubtful], rub hard, scouf; a scrubbing.

Scruff [var. of Scuff; etym. doubtful], nape (colloquial).

Scrimch, see Crunch. Seru'ple [L. scmpulus, dim. of scruptis, a

small pebble], 20 grains, doubt; hesitate for conscientious reasons.

Scru'pu-lons, exact, conscientious. Scru'tin-eer [see Scrutiny], examiner of

ballot-papers. Scru'ti-nize, regard narrowly. Scru'ti-ny[L.scra/an, to search ; scrdta (pi.),

broken pieces], close examination. Scud [?], loose, fiying clouds or spray ; move

swiftly. Scui'fie [Swed. skufja, to push], struggle

confusedly; rough struggle. Scull [?], short oar, oar at the stern. Scul'Ier-y [O.F. cscuelerie, office of keeping

the dishes; escuelle, a dish], back kitchen. Scul'lion [perh. alteration, of P. souiUon, a

scullionj, servant who cleans pots^ etc. Sculp'tor, one who carves works of art. Sculp'ture [L. sculpere ^.-p. scidpius), to cut],

art of carving in stone, etc., piece of sculpture.

Scum [Dan. and Swed. skuni, froth], surface froth or impurity.

Soup'per [Perh. fr. O.P. escope; Swed. scopa^ to scoop; etym. uncert.], hole in a ship level with deck for letting off water.

Scurf [O.E. scurf; cf, Swed. skorf; Dan. slcurv, scurf], dry scales on. the skin.

Scur'rilc, Seur'ri-lous [L. scurrlHs; scurrUj a buffoon], coarse (language, etc.).

Scur'ry [see Scour 2], run in a hurry. Scur'vily, shabbily, meanly. Scur'vy [see Scurf], disease due to excessively

salted food. Scut [Etym. dub.], short erect tail. Scut'age (u=oo) [L. scutagium, fr. scutum,

shield], shield-money paid to king in lieu of personal service.

Scuteli'eon (eo7i=^), short for Escutcheon. Scut'tle [O.E. scxttel, a dish; L. scuiella, a

small tray; scutra, a tray], coal-box. Scut'tle [freq. of Scud], bustle, hurry along. Scut'tle [O.P, escoutille; Sp. escotilla, hatch­

way], openmg with lid in ship's deck, etc.; make holes in the bottom of a ship.

Scythe [O.E. sUke], instrument for mowing. Sea [O.E. sec ; cf. Du. zee; Ger. see], whole

body of salt water, body of water less than an ocean, inland body of water, esp. if salt, rough weather.

Sea'board, Sea-coasf, land next the sea. Sea'fM-ing, employed as a sailor.

Seal 188 Self Seal [O.F. seel; L. sigillum, a seal; dim. of

signu)n, a mark], stamp for making an impreasiou, the impressioii made; sot a a seal to, shut close,

Seal [0,1'J. Sfolh; of. O.N. sdr], sea-animal that, feeds on fish,

Seam [O.E, seam^ cogn. with Sew], line of junction of two edg^ sewn together, joint, tliin layer.

Seam'stress, Semp'stress, needlewoman. Sear [O.E. sear], burn to diyness, wither;

withered. Search [L. circure, to go round; circus^ a

ring], seek, look through; act of searching or seeking.

Sea'soQ (son=zon) [O.F. seson^ sdson, season; Late L, satio, sowing-time], division of the year, suitable time, tune ; bring into condifcion by exposure, time, etc.; to spice,

Sea'son-a-ble, timely. Sea'son-ing, salt, spices, etc. Seat [0 .K". sccH; cogn. with Sit], something to

sib on, abode; to place on a seat, afCord seats for.

Sea'-ur'cfain, spiny sea-animal. Se'cant [L. secure (pr.p, secans, -amis), to

cut], cutting, term in mathematics. Se-cede' [L. se-, aside, cedere (p.p. cessus)i

to go], witiidra^v from* Seced'er. Se-ees'sion, withdrawal. Se-clude' [Ij.se-,apart,cZaw^^re(p.p.c7aw5Us),

to shut], withdraw into or place in solitude. Se-clu'sion, retirement. Sec'ond[Ij.Sf7cwj!dMs, second; sejut, to follow],

next to first, another, cue next first, • backer, sixtieth part; of a minute; to

support. [advanced. Sec'ond-a-ry, of second place, (education) Se'cre-cy, privacy, keeping of secrets. Se'cret [i-*- se-, apart, ceniere (p.p. cret\is\ to

separate], hidden; somctliiug concealed. Sec-re-ta'ri-al, pertaining to a secretary, Sec're-ta-ry [Late L. secreturiiis^ a con­

fidential oHicer; L. sScrctus^ secret], one who attends to correspondence, minister of state,

Se-crete', hide, produce by secretion. Se-cre'tiou, conceahnent, the process of

separating substance from blood or sap, also one of the substances,

Se-cte'tivc, Se'cret-ive, tending to secrete or to keep secret.

Sect [L. secta, a set of people, a suit; perh. fr. sequi (p.p. secutus), to follow], body of persons attached to the same opinion.

See-ta'ri-an, pertaining to a sect, too much attachod to a sect. Secta'rianism.

Sec'tion [L. secdre (p.p. aectas), to cut], separation by cutting, a distinct part. Sec'tional.

See'tor, part of a circle between radii. Sec'u-lar [L.^tcculuin, a generation, an age],

pertaining to worldly thing*?, lasting for, occurring once in, an age. Sec'ularism.

Se-cure' [L. se~, apart, cura, care], sure, safe; make safe, get possession of.

Se-cu'ri-ty, fiecdom from caro, safety. Se-dan' lir. Sedan in Fr-ince], portable chair

on poles. Se-dato' [L. sMdre (p.p. stdutus), to settle;

sedere, to sit], calm, c-omposcd. Sed'a-tive, sooUiiug rr-iuody. Sed'en-ta-ry [L. scdCre (pr.p. sedens, ~enlis\

to sit], requiring much sitting. Sed-e'rnnt [L.=they have sat down], sittmg

or duration of meeting of a board or committee. [plant.

Sedge [O.E, secg; cogn. witU Saw^], marsh Sed'i-ment [L. sedimoituyn^ sediment;;

sedere, to sit], dregs, deposit. Se-di'tion (Q [L, sed- (sS-)^ apart, ?r<? (p.p.

it-us\ to go], agitation against the law, conduct tending to rebellion, Sedi'tious.

Se-dnce' [L. se-, aside, dUcere (p.p. ductus), to lead], lead astray.

Se-duc'tivc, tempting. SefluG'tion. Sei'u-l0U3 [L, sedulus, careful; cf. L. sedulOf

sincerely], steadily industrious. See [O.E, sdon; cf. Ger. sehen]^ perceive by

the eye, undei-stand. See [L. sedcs, a seat], seat or jurisdiction of

an archbishop or a bishop. Seed [O.E. sd:d; cogn. with Sow], that

from which a plant grows, origin, offspring. Seedling:.

Seed'y, fuU of seeds, sliabby, worn-out. Seek [O.E. secan; Com. Teut.], try to find,

look for. Seem [O.E. sdman^ to make agree; cogn.

with Same], look, ajjpear. Scem'ly [O.K. scemiligr, seemly; fr. scumT^

becoming], suitable, becoming. Seer, person with imusual insiglit, esp. as

regards the future, prophets See'saw [redupl. of Saw], plank balanced to"

move up and down; move up and down. Seethe [O.E. s^o^Aa?J3,boil,sui-ge or foam up,

to be in a state of inward turmoil. Seg'ment [L. segmeiUumi secure, to cut],

part cut off, section. Seg're-gate [L. sg , apart, g^ex (greg-is), a

lioek], set apart. Segrega'tion, Seig-neur' (sain-yer'), Seig'rdor (secn'yor),

[O.E. fr. L.; see Senior], lord of manor, landholder. Seignior'ial,

Seine (sain) [O.K. segne; L, sagena; Gk. sagenS, a seine], fishing-net made to hang vertically,

Seis-mol'o-gy seis~siz) [Git. seismos, an earthquake; logos discouiae], science of earthquakes.

Sei'ze [O.F, seisir; Late L. saclre, take possession of], lay hold of,

Sei'zure (z=zli'), act of seizing, hold. Sel'dom [O.E, seldan,seldon^ seUum (dative

pi. of SfW, rarplj-)], rarely, not often. Se-lect' [L. sc-^ apart, and Icg^^e (p.p. lecHts),

to choose], picked out, of special value; choose from a number.

Se-lec'tiou, choice, things chosen. Self [O.E. sclj\ Com. Teut.], one's own

person, one's own. As a prefix self ex­presses refleiivQ action.

Self-denial 189 Serene Seli-de-ni'al, forbearance from gratifymg self. Sel!-ev'i-dent, evident without proof. Self-im-poi'taiit, conceited, pompous. Selfish, caring unduly for one's self. Seli-pos-sessed', calm and cool, [goodness. Self-right'eouSi pleased with one's own Self-will', obstinacy. Sell [O.E. sellan, to hand over; Cora. Teut.],

give for money, Sell'er. Sel'vage, Sel'vedge (M. Da. self, self, egge^

edge], edge of cloth woven firmly. Sem'a-phore [Q-k, sema^ a sign; plierein, to

bear], Bignalling apparatus. Sem'tlance [F. semhlery to seem; L. simulare^

to simulate], seeming, lilceness, show. Sem'i-breve \X>' semi-, half, brevis^ short], a

note in music having half the length of a breve, longest note in ordinary use.

Sem'i-cir-cle [X, sSmi-, half, and Ciicle], half of a circle. Semi-cir'cular.

Sem'i-co'lon [L. semi-, half, and Colon], punctuation mark [;].

Sem'in-al [L, seminalis, fr. semen, seed], gei-minal, bringing forth fruits.

Sem'i-na-ry [L. seminarium^ a seed-plot; semen, a seed], place of education.

Sem'i-gua'ver t-L'- semi-, half, and Quaver], note in music having half the length of a quaver.

Sem'i-tone [L. semi-, half, and Tone], an interval approximately equal to half a tone (music).

Sem-o-li'na [It. semolino^ dim. of semola^ bran; L. simila, fine flour], hard grains left after sifting flour,

Sem'pi-ter'nal [L. semper, always; ceternus, eternal], without end.

Semjj'stresa [as Seamstress], seamstress. Sen'ate [L. senatus, senate; senex, old],

legislative body, state council, Sen'a-tor, member of a senate, Senator'ial. Send [0-E. sendan], bid go, cause to go, grant. Sen'esch-al [O.F. soieschal^ orig. "old ser­

vant '•; cogn, with L. senex, old], steward. Se'nile [L. senilis, senile; senex, old], pertain­

ing to old age, Senil'itr-Se'nior [L. senior^ comp, of senex, old],

elder, superior; one who is older than another. Senior'ity,

Sen'na [Mod, L. senna, sena\ Arab, sand, senna], medicinal leaves of a plant.

Sen-sa'tion [sec Sense], impression through the senses, excitement, exciting event. Sensa'tional. '

Sense [L. sentlre (p.p. sensus), to feel], faculty of perceiving by certain oi^ans, under­standing, meaning, what is reasonable.

Sen-si-bil'i-ty [L. senszts, felt], capacity to feel, delicacy of feeling.

Sen'si-ble [L. sensus, felt], perceptible, per­ceiving, possessed of sound judgment, reasonable. • [affected.

Sen'si-tive [see Sense], quick to feel or be Sen'si-tize [see Sense], make sensitive. Sen'so-ry [see Sense], pertainingto sensation. Sen'su-al [see Sense], pertaining to or derived

from sense and appetite. Sen'suality.

Sen'su-ous [see Sense], pertaining to or pleasing to the senses. Sen'suousnesa.

Sea'tence [L. sentlre, to feel], judgment, combination of words containing sense in complete form; pronounce judgment upon. [foi-mal.

Sen-ten'tious Qi=sh), pithy, affectedly Sen'tient (ti=sh) [L. sentiens (-entis), pr.p.

of senile, to feel], having sense-perception. Sen'ti-ment [ti. sentlre, to feel], opinion,

tenderness of feeling, an emotion, emotional view.

Sen-ti-menf al [see Sentiment], possessing too much sentiment, mawkfehly tender.

Sen'ti-nel [3?. se7itinelle], soldier on guard. Sent'ry [perh. shortened form of centrinel,

centronel, var. of Sentinel], soldier on guard.

Sep'al [Assim. of L. separ, separate, to termination of Pet^], calyx-leaf.

Sep'a-rate [L. sS-, aps.vt,pardre (p.p. paratns), to get ready], divide, set apart; distinct.

Sep-a-ra'tion, act of separating, disunion. Se'pi-a [L. and Gtk. sepia, sepia], cuttlefish,

brown pigment from its secretion, Se'poy [Hind. sipaM; Pers. si^aM, a soldier],

fiidian soldier serving in British Army. Sep-tem'her [L. septem, seven], the ninth

month (Rom. seventh). Sep-ten'ni-al [L. septem, seven, and anmi^,

a year], lasting seven, years, once in seven years.

Sep'tic [Gk. sepein, to make putrid], having power to promote putrefaction.

Sep'tu-ple [L. septem, seven, and -plus (allied to pU'nus), fidl], sevenfold,

Sep'al-clire(c7i:=A) \0,'^, sepulcre; XJ. sepuj-crum, fr. sepellre ^ . p , sepultus), to bury], a grave, tomb.

Se-pul'chral, pertaining to burial, hollow. Sep'xil-ture [L. sepellre (p.p. sepultus), to

bury], burial. Se'ctuel [L. sequi, to follow], that which

follows, continuation. Se'quence [L. segul, to follow], succession,

order of following. Se-ques'ter, Se-nues'trate [L. sequester, a

trustee; perh. fr. seqm, to follow], seize and hold till claims are paid. Sequestxa'-tion.

Se-aues'tered, secluded. Se'auiu [It. zcccMno, fr. secca, the mint;

Arab, sikica, a die], old gold coin of Italy and Turkey, coinlike ornament,

Ser-agl'io (s^r-ahl'yO) [It. serraglio, an en­closure ; L. sera, a bolt], walled palace, esp. of Sultan, containing harem,

Ser'aph [Heb, serdpMm, seraphs, esalted ones; of. Arab, sliarlf, high], one of a class of angels (p?. -ira, -s). Sera'phic.

Sere, Seal [O.E. star"], withered. Ser-e-nade' [It. serenata^ fr. L. serenvs, clear,

bright], music at night in the open air, esp. under a lady's window; perform a serenade.

Se-rene' [L. serenus, bright, clear], calm. Seren'ity,

Serf 190 Shake Serf IL. servus^ a slare], worker whose

service is attached to tho soil. Serfdom. Serge [O.F. serge; L. sericuSj silken; Gk.

Seres, the Chinese], woollen twilled stuff. Ser'geant, Ser'jeant (sar'jenf) [O.P. sergent,

serjant; Late L, serviens (sen>i<mt-is), an officer; orig. pr.p. of servlre, to serve], formerly lawyer of high rank (in this sense now always serjeani), non-commissioued officer.

Se'ri-al, perbaining to a series; story published in parts.

Ser-i c'tim (e or ee) [M.L. seriatus, in order, fr. seriSSt a row], point by point.

Ser-i-cul'tiiro, Ser'i-ci-cul-ture [L. sencumt silk; cuUura, culture], breeding of silk­worms.

Se'ries [L. series^ a row; severe^ to join], succession of things.

Se'ri-0U3 [L. seriuSy serious], grave, weighty. Set'io-com'ic, combining the serious and the

comic. Ser'mon [L, sermo (sermon-is), a speeclx],

discourse, esp. on Scripture. Ser'monize. Ser'pent [L. serpens (-entis), serpent; ser-

pere, to creep], reptile without limbs. Ser'pent-ine, like a serpent; to move like a

serpent, to wind. Ser'rafe, Srer-ra''teii pj. serru£its, notched,

serra, a saw], notclied, Ser'ried [P. serrer,io press close; LX. serare,

to bolt], in close order, compact. Se'rum [L. serum, whey, serum], watery

part of blood. Ser'vant [O.F. servir (pr.p. servant), to serve],

one who serves. Serve [L. servlre, to serve; serviis^ a slave],

work for, be a hired assistant, help, supply the wants of.

Serv'iee (ice=i^i), act of serving, occupation of a hired servant, branch of public em­ployment, esp. military or naval duty, liturgy, set of plates, etc.

Serv'iee [M.S. serve, O.E. S7jrfe; L. sorbus, service-tree], European tree, bearing small round or pear-shaped fmit edible when over-ripe.

Serv'iee-a-Ue, doing service, useful, Ser-vi-etftj' [F.], table napkin, Serv'ilo [L. scrvUis, fr. servus^ a slave], befit­

ting a slave, cringing. Servil'ity. Serv'i-tor, servant, attendant. Serv'i-tude, slavery, bondage. Ses'a-me [Gk. sesame\. Eastern herbaceous

plant, also its seeds, mysterious pass-. word in Arabian Nights tale.

Seg'eion [L. sedere (sup. sessum)^ to sit], sitting of a court, etc., period during which Parliament sits, schools, colleges are open.

Set 1 [O.E. settan; Com. Teut., causal of sittan, to sit], place, fix, indicate the position of game, sink out of sight (of tho sun), (with mii) s t i r t ; rigid ; turn, descent,

Set2 [Late L. secta, set of people], group. Set-tee' [var. of Settle i], long seat with a back. Set'ter, dog which sets game.

Settle^ CO.E. scil, cogn. mth Sit and Set^], beneli with a high back.

Set'tle 2 [0,B. sctlan (3ce Settle i), to settle. and perh. sahtlian, to reconcile], establish, compose, decide, comn to rest.

Sef tle-ment, act of Settling, occupation by colonists, irrerocabie deed di ^posing of property. Selflei",

Sev'eu [O.E. seofon]^ one more than six. Sev-en-teen' [Seven and Ten], mnnber made

up of seven added to ten. [ten. Sev'en-ty [Sevenand suf.-i?/, tens],Eeveu times Sev'er [O.F. sevrer; L. separdre, to sepa­

rate], divide, part. Sev'er-al [A.F. several; Med. L, separalis, fr.

L. sSparare ; see Sepaiato], not many but more than two, separate. Severally.

Sev'er-ance, separation. Se-vere' [L. sev^rus, grave], strict, stem, Se-ver'i-ty, harshness, gravity. Bew(eio=0) [O.E. sivHan ; Com. Teut.], unito , by stitches. Sei/er (ew=U) [O.F. seiiwiere^ a sluice; L.

ex, out, aqua, water], undei^round drain. Sex [P. se3:e\ L. sexxis, sex], condition

of being male or female, males or females collectively.

Sex'tain [L. sextiis, sixbli], stanza of six lines. Sex'tani Ti. sextans (-antis),a sixth part of

an as (a coin); sex, six], sixth part of a circle, instrument for measm-ing the angular distance of objects.

Sex'ton [iI.E, selcesteyn, corruption of Sacristan], parochial officer who perforais duties pertaining to a church.

Sex'tu-ple [L. sextus, sixth; suf. ~ple, ult, fr. plicare, to fold], sixfold.

Sex'u-al, based upon sex. [Shab'biness. Shat'by [O.E. sceabb, a scab], worn, mean. Shac'kle [O.B. sceaad, a loose fetter; see

Shake], a fetter; to fetter, chain. Shade [O.E. scmd, scradit.; cogu. with Sky],

place not exposed to light, t-creen, gho5t, degree of colour; to screen, mark with gradation of coloui'.

Shad'ow [O-E. sceadu; see Shade], figure projected by a body intercepting light, indistinctimage ; set (forth) diraJy, darken, follow closely.

Shad'ow-y, dim. Sha'dy, alfording shade, of donbtfnl honesty. Sha£t[O.E.Jcra/;; Cum. Teut., aspear-shaft],

arrow, column, pole, well-like opening in the ground.

Shag [O.E. sceacga ; of. O.K". skegg, a beard], rough growth of h:iir, coarse kind of cut tobacco, cloth with, long nap.

Shag'gy, rough wth long hair or wool. Sha-green' [var. of Chagrin], leather made

from skin of sharljs, etc.; rough-gi-ained leather made from skin of horses, etc.

Sha/t [Fers. shdh, a king], supreme ruler of Persia.

Shake [O.E. scmcan ; cf. O.X. and Swed. skaka, to shake], move rapidly one way and the other, move from flmmees; trembling, act of lihaking, a trill (music).

Shako 191 Shing'le Shak'o [Hung, csdkd, a cap], kind of military

cap. Sha'ky, trembling. Shale [O.E. scealu; cogn. with O.N. skdl],

fine-grained rock tliat splits into plates. Shal-lot,', Shal-ot' [L. ascalOnia, a shallot;

AscalQnius, belonging to Ascalonl^ kind of onion native in Syria,

Shal'loiw CM.B. schaloice; prob, cogn. vrith Shoal], not deep; a shallow place.

Sham [perh. var. of Shame], imposture, humbug; feign.

Sham'ble [0. Du. sehampelen^ to stumble; O.F. escamper; L. ex, out, campus, a field ; cf. Scamper], shuffle along.

Sham'bles [pi. of obs. shamble, a butcher's stall; O.'E. scameli L. scamrfZwm, a stool], slaughter-house.

Shame [O.K sc(c)amu; Com. Teut.], sensa­tion caused • by disgrace, etc., (disgrace; make asliamed. Shame'facefl..

Sham'my, Shom'oy [orig. Chamois leather], soft leather,

Sham-poo' [Hind, chumpnd,^ press, shampoo], lather, wash or rub the hair, massage.

Sham'rock [Ir. scamrog^ trefoil], trefoil plant, Shank [0.11. sc^e^anca; cogn, with Shake],

leg, shin, a stem. Shan'tyt?]>liut. Shape [O.ii. scieppan^ to shape ; Com. Teut.],

to form; form, figtire, mould. Shape'ly, well-formed. Shard, Sherd [0 E. sceard, a fragment], frag­

ment, wing-case of a beetle. Share [O.E. scear, a ploughshare; sceran,

to shear], cutting part of a plough. Share [O-E. secant, a share; sceran, to shear],

portion; divide, take part in. Shark [perh. fr, L. carcharus; Gk. cliaT-

cMrias, a kind of shark, fr. charcharos, jagged (fr. its teeth)], large fish dangerous to man, a swindler.

Sharp [OE. scearp' Com. Teut.], having a thin edge or fine point; sign in music % Sharp'en. [pieces.

Shaf ter [var. of Scatter], break into many Shave [O.E, sc(e)afan; Com, Teut.], cut off

hair with a razor; narrow escape, Sha'ving, thin slice of wood, etc., pared off. Shawl [Pei-S. sMl, a shawl], loose shoulder-

covering. Sheaf [O.E. scSaf; Com. Teut.], bundle, esp.

of corn-stalks. • Shear [0-E. sceran; Com. Teut.J, cut or clip;

(n. pi.) two-bladed cutting instrument. Sheath [O.E. scdth; cogn. with Shed 2], case

for a sharp instrument. Sheathe-, put into a sheath. Shed 1 [var. of Shade], slight building. Shed s [ O.E. sc(e)ddan, to part j Com. Teut.],

pour forth, give off; a parting. She-heen' [Xr. shebem, & pot-house], un­

licensed house selling alcoholic drink; to sell drink without a licence. Shebeeu'ing.

Sheen [fr. obs. sliem, beautiful; fr, O.E. sclene, Ger. sch5n (meaning, but not etym., conn, with Shine)], brightness, glitter.

Sheep [O.E. scedp; cf. Du. schaap; Ger, schaf], woolly ruminant animal.

Sheep'ish, bashful. Sheer [O.N". sJca;rr, bright; sUna, to shine],

unmixed, downright. Sheer [prob. a use of Shear], abrupt change

in a ship's course; turn aside, swerve. Sheet [O.E. sdete, scyte, linen cloth, and

sce&t, a corner, all cogn, with Shoot], laige, broad piece of anything thin, expanse; rope which fastens a sail,

Sheik,SheifcA.(ei^ee or ai) [Arab.sfiaikk^B,n elder, chief], Arab chief.

Shek'el [Heb, sheqel, a shekel; skdgal, to weigh], ancient Babylonian and Jewish weight and coin.

Shel'drake [Shield and Drake], Mnd of spotted wild drake.

Sheli [prob. Ir. (M.)L.G. schelf, sheU], flat tablet or ledge.

Shell [O.E. sciell^ scill; cogn. with Scale 2], hard covering, hollow projectile; strip off or take out of the shell, throw shells or bombs into. Shell-shock.

Shelter [perh. from Shield + -ture'\, protec­tion, refuge; give or take shelter,

Shelve [see Shelf], furnish with shelves, to set aside, defer,

Shelve [?], to slope gradually. Shep'Aerd, one who tends sheep, Sher'bet [Arab, sharbat, beverage, syrup],

dri i^ of fruit-juice and sweetened water. Shei'iS [O.E, scir-gerifa; sclr^ a shire,

gerefa, an officer], county, city, and borough officer with duties now mainly nominal, (in Scotland) a local judge.

Sher'ry [formerly sherris; fr, Xeres, a town in Spain], a white Spanish wine,

Shew* same as Show. Shib'bo-leth [Heb.J, a test-word used by a

sect, etc., old-fashioned doctrine. Shield [O.E. sccld; Com. Teut.], broad piece

of defensive armour, protection; to protect,

Shift [O.E. sciftan,to divide; cf. Du. schiften, O.N", skipta, to divide], to change ; change, relay of workmen, also their time of work­ing, undergarment, trick,

Shiff less, destitute of expedients, lazy. Shiffy, ready with expedients. Shiftiness. Shil-la'lah, Shil-le'lah. Shil-le'lafirA. (e=ai) [fr.

Shillelagh in Ireland], Irishman's cudsel. Shilling [O.B, sciUing; Com. Teut.], silver

coin equal to 12 pence. Shilly-shally [orig. Shill I, shall I, altered

form of Shall I, shall / ] , to bo undecided, vacillate,

Shirn'mer [O.E. sq/mrian^ fr, 3c(7nan, to shine; cf, Ger, sckimmeni], to gleam tremulous light.

Shin [O.E. scinu; West Exis. skine; (M.)L.G. schSn^; OM.G. sciiia; perh. cogn. with Skin], front leg below the knee.

Shine [O.E. scinan; Com. Teut.; cf. Ger, schcineTi], give light, be bright. Shi'ny.

Shin^gle [perh. fr. Norw. singl, coarae gravel], loose pebbles.

Shingle 192 Sibyl Shin'gle [L. scindula^ later form of scandvla,

a siuagle], flat piece of wood used in roofing. Shin'glo W, mode of dresaiDR short haii Shm'gles [L. cingula^ a b e l t ; cingere, t o

girdj, a s lan disease. SMn'ty [?], Scottish game like hockey. Ship [O.E. scip ; Com, Taut ] , sea going

vessel ; send b j sea, take aboard, embark. Ship'pmg, all the ships of a place. Ship'shape. orderly. Shire [ 0 - K scir, bus ings , province], county. Shirk [prob. var . of Shaik], evade, neglect. Slutt [O.E. scyrte; doublet of Skirt], man 's

under-garmenfc. Slliv'er [dim. of obs. sMve, a slice], splmter;

shatter . S h i / e r [M B. chiveren], tremble as from cold. Shoal [var. of Shallow], shallow, sandbank. Shoal [0 E. scolUy a t roop], mult i tude of

fishes, crowd. Shock [ F . choc], sudden violent onse t ; s tun,

strike \vith horror. Shock [cf. O. Du. scliocle; Swed s^oc^, a

h e a p ; prob. cogn, with Shake], group of sheaves set on end.

Shock [perb. va i . of Shag], mass of hair. Shock'mg, eactremely offensive. Shod'dy [etym. doubtful], fabric made of

woollen cu t tmgs ; worthless, Shoe (oe=oo) [O.E. sc6k; Com. Teut .] , cover­

ing for t he foo t ; furnish with shoes. Shoot [O.E. sclotan, t o shoot ( m t r s ) ; Com.

T e u t . ; cf. Qer. schiesseri], let fly, discharge a missile, pass rapidly through, over, or under , s p r o u t ; a rapid, young branch.

Shop [O.E. sceoppa^ a stall, booth], place for retai l sellmg, buildmg where artisans w o r k ; buy m shops,

Shop'lift'ing, theft from a shop. [lake. Shore [M E . schore], land adjoming sea or Shore [M.E. scftore; cf. O.li^.sKortJia; M. Du.

schdret a prop], p r o p ; t o prop or support. Short [O.E. sceort], no t long i n space or time,

s c a n t y ; (n. p i ) short breeches. Short'en, Short'age, amount of deficiency. Short 'hanJ, shor t method of writing. Short ly, in few words, before long. Shot [O.E. gcsceot (p p.), fr. scedtan, to shoot],

r a n e g a t ^ ; projectile from a fire-arm, flight of a missile, marksman.

Shoid'der (pu=d) [0 E. sculder; cf. Get. schuUer], region of the jomt which con­nects a rm and b o d y ; jostle,

Shout [?], call o u t ; loud cry. Shove (oie=i'iv) [ 0 E. scitfccn; cf. Du.

schuiien ; Ger. schieben], push Shovf'el (o=ii.) [O.E. scolf^ see Shove], scoop

with a handle; take up with a shovel. Shoit? [O.E sc^avnan, to see, to cause to sec],

to exhibit) make c lear ; exhibition, appear­ance, display.

ShoVer [O.E. scUr; cf. Du. scJwer; O.IT. j i u r ] , short fall of ram, snow, or hai l ; to fall or pour in a shower.

Shoio'y, makmg a show, gaudy. Shiap'nel [fr. General Shrapnel], kmd of

explosive shell.

Shred [O.E. scriade^ toga. ^\ith Shroud], str ip torn off, f ragment , cut or tear into small pieces.

Shiew (ew=oo) [ 0 E. screawa^ a shrew-mouse] , a scold, mouse-like animal. Shrew'ish.

Shrewd (ew=oo) tM.E. schreiced, p p of schreicen, to curse], sharp-wifcted, keen

Shriek ["var. of Screech], to scream , piercing scream.

Shnft [O.E. scnft, confession; piob. I . scnberCi t o write], confession and absolu­t ion,

Shrike [O.E. scHc, scree, cogn, with Shriek), butcher-bird.

Shrill [M.E. shnlk; cf Scot, slirl, a shriU s o u n d ; L. Ger. schrell, slirill], sliaip and piercing in tone.

Slmmp [prob. cogn. T;\-ith M H.G schirnpen^ to sh in el up], smnll shellfish.

Shrine [L. scrlmum, a chest], case for relics, holy place.

Shrink [O.E. scrincau ; cf !M Du schrmlcenl^ t o contract, recoil, flinch from. Slirmk'-age.

Shnve [O.E. scrifan, to siirive prob. L. scr^berc, to write], hear conlession and give absolution.

ShnVel Cetym. d u b . ; cf. Swed. dial. slryvla, to shrivel], draw or be drawn into wnni l e s , withci.

Sliroud [O.E. scri^, a garment] , dress for the dead ; (p i ) bet of ropes from mast t o ship's s ido ; to dress for the grave, hide, veil.

Shrove'tide [see Shrive and Tide], the Sunday before Lent and two followmg days.

Shrub [0 E. scrybb']^ small v»oody plant . Shrub [Arab, shurb, a drmk, cogn. -pith

Sherbet], mixture of m m , sugar, and lemon ]uice.

Shiuh'ber-y, ground coveted with shrubs. Siimg [cogn. m t h Shr ink , etym. dub ] ,

draw up the shoulders; drawing up of the shoulders.

Shud'der [M.E. schoderm; cogn. mfchM.L.G. schGdcren; M. Du schMeren], shake ^vlth fear or dislike; act of shaking as ^vith fear.

Shuffle [var. of Scuffle], move in a slovenly way, evade questions, m i s (cards) ; slovenly motion, evasion. Shuff'Ier.

Shun [O.E. sciiman; E tym. dub . ] , avoid. Shunt [? ] , tu rn o2 to one side. [close. Shut [O.E. scytianx cogn. with Shoot], to Shut'ter, movable cover for a window, Shut'tle [0 E. scytt)eU a b o l t ; see Shut],

instrument used m weaving by which the weffc c2iread is earned between the threads of the \ a rp .

Shy [O.E. sc&oh, conesp. to \l H G. schiech^ bashful; s ta r t through f n g h t , a s tar t

Shy [?],'fling; a throw. Sib'i-lant [tj. sibildre (pr.p. gibilans, -antis),

to hiss. Imit ] , hi '^ing. Sib'Uance. Sib'yl [L. and Gk. Szbylla], mspired proph­

etess. Sib'ylhne.

Sick 19^ Sirie'w' Sick [O.E. sioc; Com. Teut.], ill, affected with

nausea. Sic'kle [L. secula^ a sickle; secure^ to cut],

reaping-hook. Sick'ly, ailing, feeble, faint. Side [O.E. side\ Cora. Teut.], surface of a

solid, right or left part of body, party ; take part (with).

Sfde'board, piece of dining-room furniture. Sidft'long, oblique, not direct. Si-de're-al (J) [L. sMus (slder-is)^ a star], re­

lating to the stars. Side'ways, Side'wise, to one side. Si'ding, side-track. Si'dle (i) [obs. sideling^ sidelong], move side­

ways or stealthily. Siege [O.F, siege, a seat, ult. fr. L. sedes^

a seat], continued attempt to take pos­session, esp, of a city by an army,

Si-en'na [short for It. terra di Sienna^ earth of Sienna], reddish-brown earth used as pigment in oil- and •water-colour painting.

Si-er'ra [Sp, sierra; L. serra^ a saw], chain of mountains.

Si-es'ta [Sp. siesta; L. sexla (hora), siarth hour, noon], midday nap.

Sieve [O.E. sife; cf. Ger. sieh, perforated utensil for sifting.

Sift [O.E. siftan, fr. sife^ a sieve], separate fine from coarse with a sieve, examine minutely,

Sif/h [O.E. sican; cf. Dan. suJcke^ prob. imit.], take a deep audible breath; act of sigliing

Sight iigh=l) [O.E. gesiTith; cf. Ger. sicW], sense of seeing, view, spectacle; get sight o t

Sight'Iy^ (igh=i)f pleasing to the sight, Sign 0*?=0 U^* signuniy a mark], token,

mark, omen, gesture, division of the Zodiac; make a sign, write one's name.

Sig'nal [L. signum, a sign], sign to convey a message; communicate by signals; out­standing, Sig'nally,

Sig'nal-ize, distinguish. Sig'narto-ry [b. signdre (p.p. signdtus), to

mark5 signum, a mark], signing; one who signs,

Sig'na-ture, name signed, key and rhythm sign in music.

Sig'net [P. signet, dim. of signe; L. signum, a mark], small seal.

Sig-nifi-canoBi special importance, expres­siveness. i

Sig-nifi-cant,, expressive, important. Sig'ni-fi-ca'tion, meamng, Sig'ni-fy [L, signum, a sign,/flc^e, to make],

show by a sign, mean. Significative. Si'Ience [L. silere (pr.p, silens, 'entis), to be

silent], cessation from speech, complete stillness; make silent, overcome 'an argument.

Si'lent, perfectly quiet, not talkative. SU-ZiOit-etie' [fr. E. de Silhouette^ a French

minister of finance], profile portrait in black; to throw up the outline of.

SU'i-ca [L. silex (silic-is), flint], main sub­stance of quartz, flint, etc. gliU'cious.

Silk [O.E. sioloc, seoloc; O.'N. silH j prob. fr. L. sericus^ siik; L. seres, the people (perh, the Chinese), from whom silk first

' came], sillnvorm tliread, also cloth from it.

Sill [O.K sylKe); cf. O.N. syll, svUl, Dan. sy^]j wood or stone at the foot of a door or window,

Sil'Iy [O.E. soslig; cf. O.H.G. sd%, happy], foolish.

Si'lo [Sp. silo\ li. 5?rwj; Gk, sires'], pit for storing fodder.

Silt [Dan. and Norw. sylt, salt-marsh], sedi­ment deposited by water; choke or become choked with silt.

Sil'van, Syl'van [L. silva, a wood], pertain­ing to woods.

Sil'vei [O.E, siolfor^ seolfor, silver. Etym. doubtful], white precious metal.

Sil'ver-amith, worker in silver. Sim'i-an» [L. slmiay an ape], pertaining to

apes, apelike, Sim'i-lar [L. similiSf like], like, of the same

kind, resembling. Sim-i-lar'i-ty, likeness, Sim'i-le [I^. neut. of similis, like], com­

parison used to heighten effect. Sim-il'i-tude, likeness, a simile, Sim'mer [later form of obs. simper], boil

gently, to be just below boiling-point. Slm'nel [0.]?. simeiiel; prob. imitative;

L. simila, fine flour], Idnd of rich calce eaten on Mid-Lent Sunday.

Sim'o-ny (l or i) [Late L. simunia; fr. Simon Magus (Acts. viii. 18)], buying or selling of ecclesiastical preferments.

Sim-oom' (?) [Arab. semUm, simoom; fr. root samirif poison], hot desert wind.

Sim'peP [cf. Norw. semper, elegant; origin difficult to trace], smile affectedly; a smirk.

Sim'ple [L. simplex (simplic-is), onefold], un-mingled, plain, artless; medicinal plant.

Sim'ple-ton, one of weak intellect, Sim-pli'ci-ty, plainness. Sim'pli-fyj make simple or simpler. Sim'-

plifica'tion. Sim-u-la'crum (a=ai) (pi. -era) [as Simulate],.

deceptive substitute. Sim'n-late [L. similis, like], assume, pretend. Sim-ul-ta'ne-ous [L. simul, at the same time],

happening at the same time. Sin [O.E. synn; cf. Ger. siindc]^ transgression.

of God's law ; do wrong. Since [0.33. siththon, for sltli tJiOii, after that],

from the time of; ago; because. Sin-cere' [L, sincerus^ sincere., Etjrn.-

doubtful], honest, real. Sin-cer'i-ty, honesty of mind or intention. Sine [L. sinus, a curve], in trigonometry,.

the ratio of the side of a right-angled triangle opposite the given angle to the hypotenuse.

Si'ne-cure I or i) [L. sine, without, cura, care • (of souls)], office withfew or no duties.

Sin'ew [O.E. sinu], white tissue joining: muscle to bone,

SinsT 194 Skirt Sing [O.E. singan; Com. Teut.], utter musical

vocal sounds, celebrate in soug or verse. Singe [O.E. sencgan; cogn. with M. Da.

zengen\ burn slightly, esp, on the surface. Sin'gle [•£'. sin^idm, single; singidl (pL),

one by one], one only, unmarried, sincere; to select; (n. pi.) game at tennis between two. Sin'glenesa, Sin'gly.

Sins'song, monotonous; impromptu concert. Sin'gu-lar [L. singulis one by one], single, Sin-gu-lat'i=ty. peculiarity. [unusual. Sin'ia-ter pj . sinister, on the left hand], on

left side of shield, etc., from bearer's point ol view (heroMrp), dark, portending disaster.

Sink [O.E. sincan; Com. Teut.], enter deeply, fall lower, bring low; boi with a drain.

Sinfer, a weight that causes sinking. Sin'ner, one Who has sinned. Sin-U'^3'i-ty, state of being sinuous, bend. Sin'u-0U3 [L. sinust a bend], bending in and

•out. Sip [?, prob. conn, with Sup], drink in small

quantities; taking of a liquid with the lips, a smEdl mouthful.

Si'phon (i) [L. sipJid; G-k. sipMn, a tube], benttube, bottle of lemonade, etc., in which liquid is forced out by pressure through a tube.

Sip'pet [dim. of Sip], small piece of bread soaked in liquid, one of the small pieces of toaslj served with some dishes.

Sir [shorfc for Sire], title for a knighfc or a baronet, respectful form of address to a man,

Sic'dai [Pers, sarddr^ a chief; sar, head, and -dar, holding], (in India, etc.) military chief, commander-in-chief of the Egyptian army.

Sire [O.I', sire; L. senior, older], form of address to a king, father.

Si'ren[L.5irCTi; QEseiren, a siren], monster, half woman, half bird, who lured by song, instrument used in fog-signalling.

Sir'loin [O.P. surlonge; F, sur^ upon, longe, loin], upper part of loin of beef.

Si-roc'co pt . sirocco \ Arab. sJiarq^ east], hot south wind in Southern Europe.

Sis'kin [il.L.G. siselce; Polish czyzik, a siskin], yellowish-green finch.

Sis'ter [Com. Teut.; cogn. with L. soror^ daughter of same parents as another person, member of a sisterhood.

Sis'ter-hood, relation between sistera, society oi women living together under monastic vows or devoted to charitable work.

Sis'ter-in-law, a sister of one's husband or ^ e , wife of one's brother.

Sit [O.E. sUtan\ Com. Teut.; cogn. -vAih. L. sederel, rest on haunches, occupy a seat, hold office of judge, Member of Parlia­ment, etc., take up position for portrait, incubate, sit upon (a horse).

Site [L. situsy a site], ground occupied by or suitahiG for a town or building.

Sit'u-ate [Late L. situ&re (p.p. situStus), to situate; L. situs, site, place], to place,

Sit-u-a'tion, position, place, case. Six [O.E. six; Com. Teut,; cogn. •n-ith L. sex]^

one more thau five. Six-teen' [Six and Ten], the number made up

of six added to ten. Six'ty [Six, and -ty, tens], six times ten. Si'zar (I) [see Size 2], student of Cambridge

or Dublin who pays reduced or no fee^. Size^ [It. 5t5a, cissisa^ painter's glue ; etym,

dub.], thin glue. Size2 [shorfc for Assize], bigness, bulk, allow­

ance of food. Size'able, Siz'aUe. Sjam'bok (zhanibok) [S. Afr. Dutch], whip of

rhinoceios hide. Skate [O.IJ. skata, skate], flat fish. Skate [orig. in pi. schcUes; Du. schaatsen^

skates, pi, of schaats]^ one of a pair ol steel blades attachable to boots for gliding over Ice; move on skates.

Skein iei=ai) [O.P. escaigtie, a skein; of ob­scure orig.], bundle of coiled thread or yarn.

Skel'e-ton [Qk. skeleton^ orig. neut. of skektos, dried; skclhin, to dry], bony framework of an animal, framework.

Skep [O.N. skeppa, a basket], wicker basket, straw or wicker beehive.

Skej'ry [O-^- sker", rugged rock or chain of rocls covered at times by the sea, a reef.

Sketch [Du. scliets'. It. schizzo, a sketch; G-k. schedioSy ofE-hand], rough drawing, shorfc description; make a rough draft, outline.

SkeVer (eM=S) [var. of dial. Skiver, of un­known origin], pin for fastening meat, etc.

Ski (shee) [Norw. fr. O.N. skitk, snow-shoe], wooden runner for travelling over snow in Norway, etc.

Skid [oi-jg. unknown ; perh. conn, with O.N. skith, bUlcb of wood], drag for a waggon; cause to move on skids, slip sideways, (of a wheel) slip without turning.

Skifl [P. esquif, a skiff; O.H.G. scif, ship], small, light boat.

Skil'ful, clever. Skill [CN". skiU a distinction, skilja, to

separate], ability to see and do, cleverness. Skil'lefc [?], small metal cooking vessel with

a long handle and usu. legs. Skim [perh. fr, O.F. escumer; cogn. with

Scum], pass over lightly, take off the surface,

Skimp [cf. Icel. skemma^ to shorten], to sui)ply meagrely. Skimp'y,

Skin CO.N. shinn^ skin], outer cover of the flesh, hnsk; to strip oil! skin.

Skin'flint, misero Skip [il. Swed. skwppa, skoppa, to leap],

leap lightly, pass over; light leap. SMp'per [M. Du. scMpper, H. schify a ship],

master of a ship. Skii'mish [O.E. eskirmir (pr.p. eskirmissant),

to fight,fence; O.H.&. scirmaiiy to defend], fight in small parties; slight fight.

Skirt [0.N, skyrta^ a shirt; doublet of Shirt], loose lower part of a dr*s3, edge; to border,

Skit 195 Slot SMt [perh. £r. O.N, skytja • Etym. dub., cf.

Swed. skjdtat to shoot], short satire. SMf tish, freaiJsh, ficMe. SMf ties [?] nine-pins. [gull. Bka'a [O.N. shufr; Icel. sMmnr], brown Skulk [Dan. skulke\ cf. Swcd. skolka^ play the

truant], get out of the way lifee a sneak, lurlc.

SkoU [early scoJIe; etym, diffloult to trace], skeleton of the head.

Skunk rAIgonquin segankw, segongw, a skunlc]', N. American animal of Che weasel Idnd that emits a fetid fluid.

Sky [O.N. skij, a cloud], the apparent great dome over our heads, the heavens,

Sky'Iight, roof-window, Slab [O,]?. csdabe, etym, dub.], tbioldsh flat

piece, esp. of stone. Slack 1 [O.B. sleao; Com. Teut.; cogn, with

Lax], loose; break up (lime) with water, Slack 2 [of doubtful orig.; cf. older Mem. ^slecke, Du. iteJ;, Ger. wAtecfe, slag], small

coal. Slag [iI.L.(J. slagge, slag], dross of metal. Slake [O.B. sleadan, sladan, fr. sUac, slack],

quench (thirst), slack (lime). Slam [cf. Sw. and Norw, slamra, to slam;

imit.], shut with force. Blan'dec [O.P. esdandre (n.); L. scandalum,

scandal], false utterance meant to injure; injure by false statements. Slan'derous.

Slang [orig, uncertain], colloquial form of expression; scold vigorously. Slang'y.

Slant pSTorw, slenia, to slip, glance aside], to slope; aslope, Slani/wise.

Slap[L.&. itepp; imit.], blow with the open hand; strike with the open hand.

Slap'dash', in a bold, careless way. Slash [fr. O.P. esddcMer, to break in pieces],

cut iir long slits; long cut. Slate [O.I', esdat, splinter, slate], rock which-

splits into plates, slab of i t ; cove with slates, [severely,

Slate [O.E. sldtan, to tear], scold, criticize Slaftem [fr. obs. slalter, to splash, throw

about; c t O.N. 'sUMa, to fling about], untidy woman.

SlaugA'tet fOJI. sUtr, meat], extensive or violent killing; kiU, butcher,

Slave [Lato L. sclavus, a Slavonian captive, a slave], person who is the legal property of another; to drudge,

Sla'ver, ship or person engaged in slave-trade. Sla'ver [Iceh slafm, to slaver], let saliva run

from the mouth. Sla'ver-y, condition of a slave, great drudgery. Sla'vish, befitting a slave, Slay [O.E. sUan; Com. Teut.], Mil. Sled, Sledge [M. Du. sUeise, sleds; O.N.

slelhi; cogn. with Slide], veliicleonnmners. Sledge [O.B. sUcg, fr. slian, to slay], a black­

smith's heavy hammer. Sledge'bammer. Sleek [var. of M.S. slike; cf. O.K. slikr^

Ger. scMickf grease], smooth and glossy, Sleep [O.E, sUep ; cogn. with L, GeTc slap,

loose], natural state of unconsciousness; to be is this sta;te, Sleep'iness.

Sleep'er, one who sleeps, piece of timber between rails, a railv/ay sleeping-car.

Sleet [prob.fr. O.B.»jZa, nail; Ger. schlosss, a hailstone], hail or snow mixed with rain.

Sleeve [O.B. shjf; cogn. with Slip], part of dress covering the arm.

SleifirA (ei^ai) [Du. slee, short for alcdc, a sledge; see Sled], carriage on runners.

SIei(7?i.t(ef!;A=?)ro.N. Blxgth, cunning, slmgr, sly], artful trick, skill.

Slea'der [perh. ir. C F . esclatdre; etym. difficult to trace], slim, not strong.

Sleuth'hound [Sleuth, var. of Slot 2], blood­hound,

Slice [O.'S. esdice, a splinter; O.H.G. sltzan, to slit, to shiver], thin piece cut off; cut into thin broad pieces.

Slide [O.E. slidaUt to slide, and slidt;, a slip], move alon^ smoothly and continuously; track on ice, act of sliding, sometliing which slides.

Slight [M.Du, slieht, plain], not decidedly marked, slender; disregard; mark of neglect or contempt,

Slim [orig, meaning "oblique"; II.Du. slim, awry, craity], weak, slight, crafty.

Slime [O.B. slim; Com. Teut.], soft, sticky substance, soft mud.

Sli'my* pertaining to or like slime, Sling [Etym, difBonlt to trace; of. M.L.G.

slinge], instrument for throwing stones, support for injured arm; hurl, hang so as to swing.

Slinfc [O-E. slincan], steal away. Slip [perh, fr, M.L.G. sUppcn, move

smoothly, lose one's footing, err slightly; slight error, a, cutting strip, cover easily slipped on.

Slip'pei [fr. Slip], light shoe, [unreliable. Slip'poy, causing slips by smoothness, Slip'shod, down at heel, careless. Slit [prob. conn, with O.B. slitan; cogn. with

SUce], cut lengthwise; long opening. Sli'ver (i or ?) [obs. slive, to splinter, fr. O.E.

sZf/an, to splinter], splinter, strand of flax, cotton, etc.

Sloh'bet, Slab'ber [cf. Du. sUibmi, to slaver], to run at the mouth, botch, do badly.

Sloe [O.E, sUQt); of. Du. sice, blackthorn, its fruit.

Slog [perh. cogn. with Slay], hit wildly. Slo'gan [Gael, sluagh-ghairm, slogan; sluagh,

host, gairm, outcry], war-cry of a High­land clan.

Sloid, Sloyd [Swed, sKjiJ, skill], system of manual training, esp. by wood-carving.

Sloop [Du. sloepi Low G. slap, a sloop], small one-masted vessel.

Slop,l [O.E. -sloppe, liquid droppings], (n. pi.) weak liquid food, rinsings ; to spiH.

Slop 2 (ph) [O.N. sloppr, a loose gown], ready-made clothes,

Slope [O.B, slopen, p.p. of sHpan, to slip], oblique flirection, slanting surface; to slant.

Slop'py [see Slop i] , wet, plashy. Slot 1 [perh. O.F, esclot], narrow opening.

Slot 196 Snare Slot2 [O.V. esdot; O.N. sldth, a track], track

of a deer. Sloth (<?) r^. Slow], laziness, tree-animal. Slouch [perh. fr. Icel. sl(kr, lazy fellow;

etym. uncert.], ungainly walk; walk with a slouch.

Sloufl'/t (pu like ow in cow) [O.E. sldh) etym. dub.], hole full of mire.

Slough (pugk~uff) pM.E. type sloh, of doubtful orig., perh. conn, with L.C3-. sluwe, slu, husk, peel], cast-ofE skin of a reptile ; cast 06, shed in the form of dead matter.

SloVen (p=il) [perh. fr. Du. sJof, sloef, a alovenj, person careless in dress or work, etc,

Sloitf [O.E. slaWf Com. Teut.], not quick, behind in time; slacken speed.

SIoKvworm (pr='iir) [O.E. sld-iDyTm\ harm­less reptile, blind-worm.

Slug [perh. of Scand. origin; cf. Norw. slugg^ large, heavy body], snail-]ik© animal with no shell.

Slug [perh. of same origin as prec], bullet of irregular shape.

Slug'gard [Swed. dial, slogga^ be sluggish; sloka^ to droop], lazy slow person.

Slug'gisb, lazy and slow, Sluice [Late L. exclilsa^ a floodgate; L.

exdUdere (p.p. exclUsus)^ shut out], struc-iure with ^ding gate for controIUng JSow of water, floodgate ; wet copiously.

Slum [of. proT. E. slump, muddy place], foul street; to visit slums.

Slum'bet [M.E. slumeren^ fr. sZunicm], to sleep, usu. lightly; sleep. Slum'brous.

Slump [imit. of noise made by falling into water], sink through, to fall rapidly; rapid fall in value.

Slur [cf. Du, sleuren, to trail], to soil, pass over lightly; a stain, slight mark con­necting notes (music).

Slush [cf, Korw, shtsk, mud], half-melted, muddy snow.

Slut [Swed. dial, st&ta; cf. Ger. dial, schlutt; Norw. slottf an idler], slovenly woman.

Slut'tish, untidy. Sly [0,N. slcear, sly], knowing, cunning.

Sly-ly. Smack [prob. fr. Eu. stnak], small decked

sailing vessel. Smack [O.E. smcEc; cf. Qer. gesckinack, fr.

schmecken, to taste], taste, slight flavour ; taste slightly of.

Smack [prob. imit., corresp. to M. Du., M.L.G.smBcAeTi], Mss, sharp blow ; to kiss noisily, crack (a whip), slap.

Small (a^aw) [O.E, STTKEI; Com. Teut.], little, petty.

Small'pox, eruptive disease. Smart [O.E. smeortan; cf. Ger. sckmerzen\

feel sharp pain; sharp pain; sharp, showy, clever, fashionable. Smar'fen.

Smash [prob, imit.; cf. INorw. dial, smaska, to crush], a dashing to pieces; shatter, fly in pieces.

Smat'ter-ing [oriyin unknown; cl. Swed. smattra, to clatter], slight surface know­ledge. Smatt'erer,

Smear [O.E. smeru, fat], to daub, rub mth grease, etc.; a daub.

Smell pI.E. smel, smell, smeUen, to smell], perceive by tlie nose, scent; sensation through the nose, odour. [kiad.

Smelt [O.E. smcUl, small fish of the salmon Smelt [Dan. sniclte ; cf. ilf. Eu, simlt, grease;

O.H.G-. smah, fat], molt ore-Smilas [Gk. smilax, bindweed], delicate

trailing plant. Smile [Swed. smila; cf. Dan. smile, to smile],

relax features into pleased explosion; act of smiling, smiling expression.

Smirch [app. fr. O.V. esmorchcr, to torture with hot irons], to soil; a stain.

Smirk [O.E. smercian]^ smile affectedly; forced smile.

Smite [O.E. smitan; cf. Du. s/mjten; Ger. schmeisseti], strike a blow.

Smith [O.E. smith; Com. Teut.; cf. Du. smid; Ger. schmied], one who worlds in metals.

Smith'y* workshop of a blacksmith. Smock [O.E. smoc; prob. conn, with O.E.

smigan, to creep into], chemise, sliirt. Smock-'frock', outer garment worn by

labourers. Smoke [O.E. smoca; cf. smlocan, to smoke],

vapour from burning; emifc smoke, apply smoke io, inhale and expel the smoke o£ tobacco, to cure or pr^erve by exposure to smoke, use in smoldng.

Smo'ky, emitting or filled with smoke. Smelt [?], young river-salmon, Smooth [O.E. smifhe], even; make even. Smoth'er (o=>fi) [M.E. smorther; fr. O.E. •

smorian, to stifle; cogn. with Smoke], cover so closely as to prevent breathing, suffocate with smoke, suppress.

Smowl'der (P) [perh. conn, with L.G. smdlent Du. smea/CTi], biurn without flame.

Smudge [etym. dub.], a stain; to smear. Smug [etym. doubtful], smooth and prim. Smug'gle [L, Ger. smuggeln \ cf. Du.

smokkelenl, import or export ^rfthout pay­ing legal duties, pass by stealth. Smuggler.

Smut [Swed. smuts, dirt], soot or coal-dust, spot made by soot, etc.; to blacken.

Smuf ty, soUed with smut. Snack [perh. fr. Snatch; etym. doubtful],

light or hurried meal. Sn^'fle [Du. siiavel, horse's muzzle; cf. M.

Du. snaicl'^ M.H.G. snabet, bill, snout; etym. uncert.], bridle with slender mouth­piece without curb; to put snafHo on,

Snag [prob. Scand.; cf. Norw. snaget pro­jection of land], stump of a branch, stump or rock in river-bed.

Snail [O.E. sna:gT\, slimy mollusc. Snake [O.E. snaca, a snake], long, limbless

reptile. Snap [M. Du. snappen^ to snap], break short,

try to bite; sudden break, sudden bite, sharp noise, small catch.

Snap'pish, sharp in temper. Snare [O.N. snara, cord; cf. Du. s?)aar.

string ; cogn. with L. vSre, to spin], noose or other tiap; catch in a snare.

Snarl 197 Solecism Snarl [£req. of earlier snar, snarre, to show

teeth lite a dog; cogn. with Sneer], to growl, grumble ; a growl. [entangled,

Snarl ffreq. of Snare], knot; become Snatch [etym. doubtful; perh. related to

Snack], seize abruptly; the act of catching at, fragment.

Sneak [of obscure orig.; O.E. snkan^ to creep], come or go meanly; underhand person.

Sneer [prob. imit.; to snort as a horse], speak contemptuously; contemptuous smile or remark.

Sneeze [iiI.E. snesen, var. olfjiesen; cogn. with E. fncest, a blast], eject air convulsively; sound of sneezing.

Sniff [imit.],'draw air up the nose; that which is taken by sniffing.

Snig'gei [inait.], laugh with catches of the breath. • • [a clip.

Snip [Du. snippeUy to snip], cut with shears; Snipe [of obscure orig., prob. Scaud.], wading-

bird with long beak, Snip'pet [dim. of Snip]; small piece, Sniv'el [O.E. swjflan, fr. snoji, mucus ; cogn.

with Snufis], run at the nosCj cry. Snob [orig. slang; of obscure origin], one

who esteems others according to social position or wealth. Snobb'ish, Snobb'ery.

Snooze [slang word of obscure orig.], doze, sleep; a nap.

Snore [prob. imit.; cf. Snort], breathe noisily in sleep ; harsh sound made in sleep.

Snort [prob. imit.], force air noisily through the nose; sound made by snorting.

Snout [M.E. and M.D. snUtel^ nose (and mouth) of a beast, fish, etc.

Snottf [O.E. sndw; Com, Teut.], vapour frozen into white flakes j fall as snow.

Snub [Dan. snvhbe; Swed. and O.IT. snuhha, to snub], to check, slight intentionally ; a check; short and stumpy. [of a candle.

SnuS [?], charred candle-wick; crop the snuff Snuff 2 [K. Bu. snuffen^ to clear the nose;

an«/, scent], powdered tobacco; use snuff, inhale (smell).

Snuffers [see Snufli], candle-scissors. Snul'fle [see SnufE ], speak through the nose, Snug [etym. dub.], cosy, comfortable.

Snug'gle, Snug'ger-y, snug place, esp. private room." So [O.E. sw6,; Com. Tout.], thus, similarly, to

a d^ree, on. condition that. Soak [O.E. sociaUy fr. siicati, to suck], wet

thoroughly. Soak'ing. Soap [O.E. sdpe ; cf. Du. zeep; Cer. seife',

substance of oils and fats with alkali used in washing; to rub soap on. Soap'y,

Soar [Late L. exaurare^ expose to air; L. ex J out, aWa, a breeze], fly high.

Sob [prob.imit.],weep convulsively; sound of sobbing. Sob'bingly,

So'ber [L. sSbHuSy perh. fr. 5^-, apart, and ebriuSf drunken], grave, temperate, not 'jitosicated; make serious.

8o-bri'e-ty, temperance, seriousness, So'bri-quet iuet=ai)., Sou'bri-qnet (pu=-oo)

[F. sobTi<iuet, Etym. doubtful], nickname.

So'cia-ble (ci^sh) [L. sodiis, companion, inclined to society, friendly. Sociabil'ity.

So'cial. (ci—.sh') [L. socius^ companion], relating to society, living in companies, friendly, festive. Social'ity.

So'cial-ism (a=5A), theory of social recon­struction aiming at community of interests. So'cialist, Socialist'ic.

So-ci'e-ty [L. socius, companion], companion­ship, number of persons united for a pur­pose, those who take the lead in social life.

So-ein'ian [fr, Socinus^ theologian of 16th cent.], one who denies the Trinity, like the Unitarian of to-day.

So-ci-oro-gy Csee Sociable; Gk. logos, dis­course], science of human society, its laws, etc. Sociolog'ical,

Sock [O.E. socc\ L. soccus, a light shoe, sock], stocking with a short leg, ancient comic actor's light shoe.

Sock'efc [A.E. sokct^ dim. of soc^ a plough­share], hollow into which something is fitted.

Sod [?], soil containing roots, piece of turf. So'da [origin unknown; M.L. sotfe, solid],

alkali from decomposing salt, etc. So-da'li-ty [L. sodalis, fellow], a brotherhood

or fellowship. Sod'den Cp-P* of Seethe], heavy with moisture. So'fa [Arab, soffah^ a bench], long cushioned

seat with back and ends. Soft [O.E. sdfte, var. of s^ftel^ yielding, not

firm or rough, low-toned. Soil [L. solum^ ground], earth. Soil [A.F. soyler; O.F. soillier, fr. soil, mire,

perh. from L. suilliis^ of swine, fr. sus, a pig. Doublet of Sully], make dirty, stain.

Soi-r^e' (swa-rai') [P. soirie, evening, evening party], evening party, social gathering.

So'joum (^ [O.F. sojourner, to sojourn; L. sub, under, diumare, to stay; diurivus^ daily], dwell for a time; temporary stay. So'iourner.

Sol'ace [O.F, solas, solace; L. s5ldH (p.p. sdldtus), to console], comfort; to comfort.

So'lan-goose [O.N. and Icel. s^la, gannet; O.N. andj duck; see Goose], gannet, sea-bird, rambling goose. [sun.

So'lar [L. sol, the sun], of or pertaining to the Sol-a'tium (sdlaishum) (jpl. -tia) [L.^ solace],

thing given as consolation or compen­sation.

Sol'der (o) [L. solidare, to make firm; solidust firm], metallic cement; to unite with metallic cement.'

Sol'dier soljer) [Late L. soldarius^ one who fights for pay; L. soldum, pay; solidus, solid], man in military service.

Sole [L. solea, the sole-fish], flat fish. Sole [If. soJra, sole of a foot, or of a shoe;

solum, ground], under surface of foot or shoe ; put on a sole.

Sole [L- solusy alone], only. Sol'e-cism (o) [Gk. soloiciamos; soloicos,

speaking badly like a dweller in Soloi in Cilicia], deviation from the grammar of a language or from social usages.

Solemn 198 Souchongr SoVemTi [L. solenmis^ customaiy, festivo],

sacred* serious. Solem'nity. Sorem-nize, perfoi-m with ceremony, make

solemn. Solenmiza'tion. Sol-fa [fr. the syllables sol and fa of tho

scale], syllabl^sung to the respective notes of the major scale,

Sol-feg'gio (feffgio^fedjo) [It. sol, / c , and suf. -eggio], system or exercise in which Bol-fa syllable are used,

So-Ii'cit (^0 TJ. solUcitus^ anxious, peril. fr. soUuSt whole, and cUus^ aroused], beseech, ask. Solicita'tion.

So-li'ci-tor, one legally qualified to advise clients and to prepare causes for barristers.

So-li'cit-oufl, anxious. So-Ii'cit-ude, anxiety. Sol'id [L. solidusy firm], firm, hard; sub­

stance not fluid. Sol-i-dai*i-ty, unity of interests. So-Iid'i-fy [L, solidus, firm; facerc, to make],

render or become solid. So-lid'i-ty, state of being solid, volume. So-lil'Q-c^aize, talk to oneself. So-lil'o-quy [JJ. solus, alone; loqut, to speak],

a discourse or speech to oneself. Bol'i-taire [J?, solitaire, solitary], gem set

by itself, a game which can be played by one person.

Sol'i-ta-ry [L. solu^, alone], alone, lonely. Sori-tude [JJ. sohcs, alone], lonely life, lone­

liness. So'lo [It, solo; L. sSlu^, alone], performance

hy one, Mnd of card-game. SoVoist. Sol'stice ice~iss) [L. s6l, the sun; sistere, to

make to stand; stare, to stand], time when the sun reaches one of two points in the ecUptio farthest from, the equator, one of thesa points. Solsti'tial.

SoVu-ble [sea Solve]» capable of being dis­solved in fluid, that can be solved. Soruhil'ity.

Bo-lu'tion [see SOWB], dissolving, prodiicb oJ a dissolved solid in liquid, explanation.

Solve [L, solvere (p.p. soluttis), to loosen], explain, clear up. Solvahil'ity,

Sorvent [i/. solvens (-entis\ pr.p. of solvere, to loosen], able to pay all debts; fluid that dissolves something. Sol'vency.

Som'bre [F. sombre, gloomy; perh. fr. L. ex, out, umbra, shade], dull, somewhat dark.

Soin-hrer'o(e=af) [Span, sombrero, fr. sombra, shade; see Sombre], broad-brimmed (usually) felt hat.

Some (s'&m) [O.E, sum; Com. Tent.], unspeci­fied persons or things, indefinite quantity or number; unspecified (person or thing); approximately.

Som'et-saolt, Som'oset (p=ii) [L. supra, over, sa'tus, a leap ; satire, to leap], leap turning heels over head.

Some'what, something; more or less. Som-nam'bn-list [L, somnus, sleep; amhu-

Idre, to walk], sleep-walker. Som'no-lence, fiom'no-len-cy [L. somnus^

sleep], elecpinesa.

Som'no-lent [L. somnus, sleep], sleepy, drowsy,

Son (p=ii) [O.E. sunn ; Com Teut.; cf. Ger. sohn], male child.

So-na'ta [It. sonata, fr. L. sonSre, to sound], piece of music in several movements.

So-na-ti'na [It., dim* of sonatajt short simple form of sonata.

Song [O.E. sang, fr. root of siiigan, to sing], vocal music, short poem set to music, poetry.

SoDg'ster, fern. Song'stress, singer. Son'-in-laWi daughter's husband. Son'net [It. sonetto, dim. of suono; I/, sonust

sound], rhymed poem ol fourteen lines. Sonneteer'.

So-no'rouS [L. soi^re, to sound], high-sounding. Sonor'ity.

Soon [O.E. s6na; cf. O.II.G-. sAn\, before long, shortly.

Soot [O.E. and O.N, s6t; perh. cogn. with Sit], fine black po^'dcr from smoke.

Sooth [O.E. sdth], truth. Soothe [O.E. gesdtJiian, fr, sdth, sooth], soften,

calm, mitigate, Sooth'fiay'er, one who foretells events. Soot'y, soiled by soot, like soot. Sop [O.E. sopp ; cogn. with siipan, to sup],

food dipped in liquid, a bribe. Sopli'ist (^ [G-k. sophisiBs, a sophist;

sophizein, to instruct], paid teacher of philosophy and rhetoric in ancient Greece, one who uses arguments apparently but not really sound. [ing.

So-phis'tic-al, not sound or simple in reason-Soph-is'ti-cate, render artificial, spoil, use

sophistry. Sophistica'lion, SopU'ls-tiy* insincere argument. Sop-o-rific [E. sopor^ sleep ; facere, to make],

causing sleep ; that which induces sleep. So-pra'no (a=ah) [It, soprano, soprano;

Late L. superdnus, chief], highest voice. Sor'cer-er, fern. SoT'cer-esa [L. SOTS (sort-is),

lot, fate], magician. Sor'cet-y, magic, witchcraft. [niggardly. Sor'did [E. sordidus, dirty], base, mean, Sore [O.E. s&r; Com. Teut.], painful, dis­

tressing ; painful or diseased place. Sor'rel [O.F. sorel, dim. of aor, sorrel (horse)],

yellowish or reddish brown colour. Sor'rel [0.3?, mreley sarcZe, sorrel], plant with

sour juice. Sor'row [O.E. and O.K sorg; Com. Tout.],

grief; feel sorrow. Sorrowful. Sor'ry [O.E, sdrig, grieved, regretful,

wretched. Sor'riness, Sort [L, SOTS (sort-is^t lot], character, Mnd;

separate and arrange, classify. Sor'tie (ie=ee) [F. sortie; orig. fem. of p.p.

of sortir, to go out], sally. Sot [Late L. sottus, a sob, Etym. doubtful],

drunkard. Softish [see Sot], like a sot, stupid. Sou (ou=oo) [P. sou], small French coin. Soa'chong (ou=oo; ch~sh) [Ohin. siu,

siao, small, chung, sort], black tea made fi'om young leaves.

Soug'h 199 Specify Sough (suf, Sow (rhyming with Cow) or sooch

with guttural c/t) [O.E,, swdgan^ to resound, prob, imit.], moaning sound as of wind in trees.

Soul (ou=5) [O.E. sdw(e)l, sdwol, sdwul; Com.Teut.],, spiritual part of man. Soul'ful.

Sound 1 [O.E. ffesund]y whole, healthy, re­liable, deep (of sleep).

"Sounds [0.]^., O.N. sundt strait; cogn, with Swim], narrow sea.

Sound s [P. son; L, sonus^ sound], sensation of hearing, what is or may be heard; utter a sound, cause to sound.

Sound* [O.P. sonder, to sound; prob. fr. Sound 2], measure depth.

Soup (pu=oo) [F. soupe't cogn. with Sup], liquid food made from meat, etc.

Sour [O.E. -Siir; 'Com. Tout.], acid, sharp ; turn sour.

Source (pu=ff) [O.'F, sors, a source; L. surgere, to rise], beginning of a stream, origin.

Souse [O.P. sous, souce^ sauce], pielde made with salt; to plunge.

South [O.E. 5ji(A; Com. Teut], opposite north, direction in which the sun appears at noon to people north of Tropic of Cancer; (of a wind) coming from the south,

South'em, of or pertaining to the south. South'ward(s), towards the south. South-west'er, waterproof hat with broad

brim behind. Sou-ve-nir' (socH;en-eer^) [P. souvenir, to re­

member ; L. Siibvenirej occur to one's niind; sub-f under, and venire, to come], memento, keepsake.

Sov'er-eifirn [O.F. soverain, souverein; Late L. super&nuSf chief; L. super, above], supreme; monarch', coin worth 20 shillings.

Sow [0,E. sdwan; Com, Teut.], scatter seed. Sow'er.

Sow [O.E. sugu, sii, a sow, fr. root 5M-, to produce (of doubtful origin)], female swine.

Spa [from Spa in Belgium], spring of mineral water, place possessing this.

Space [L. spaiium, space], room, interval between objects, period of time; set at intervals. [ness.

Spa'cious (ci=5A), vast, roomy. Spa'cious-Spadei [O.E. spadu, fr. or cogn. with &k.

spaths, a broad blade], tool for dicing. Spade [Span, espada, sword; cogn. with

Spade ^], playing card with black spade-shaped figure(s),(in pi.) suit of these cards.

SpagA-et'ti (ff hard) [It.]) kind of macaroni. Span [O.E. spannan, to span; cf. Du. and

Ger. spannai], distance between tips of thumb and little finger of extended hand, nine inches, small space, full extent (of arch, eto.), pair of animals driven to­gether; stretch over as an arch, to yoke.

Span'gle [prob. fr. M. Du. spang, clasp, buckle], glittering ornament.

Span'iel [O.P, espaigneul, spaniel, Spanish dog; Bp. Espana. Spain], dog with droop­ing ears.

Spank [?], slap, move quickly. Spank'ing. Span'ner [see Span], implement for turning

nut of screw, Spar [IT.L.G-. spar, sper, allied to O.E. spwren,

gypsum], bright crjrstalline mineral. Spar 2 [cf. M. Du., M.L.G. sparre; 0.K".sparri],

long piece of timber, ship's mast, yard. Spar3 [?], fight as cocks, dispute. Spar'a-ble [corruption of s;)an'ow-&t7r], head­

less nail for soles and heels of boots. Spare [O.E. spartan, to spare], save, set aside,

show mercy to; scanty, lean, held in reserve.

Spark 1 [CE. spearca; cf. M. Du. sparcke; O.N, spraJca, to crackle, perh. imit. of crackling of burning wood], particle of fire; emit sparks.

Spark 2 [prob. figurative use of prec.], gay young fellow. [glitter.

Spark'le [freq. of Spark i], emit sparks, Spar'roio [O.E. spearwa], small bird. Sparse [L. spargere (p.p. sparsus), to scatter],

thinly scattered. Spar'tan [L. Sparta; Gk. Sparle'], native of

Sparta; like the Spartans, who were noted for endurance and frugality.

Spasm [Gk. spasmos, a spasm; spaeiTi^ to draw], sudden muscular contraction.

Spas-mod'ic, by fits and starts. Spat [for spatter-dash], short cloth gaiter. Spate [etym. doubtful], river-flood. Spa'tial (ti=sh), of space. Spat'ter [freq. of stem found in Du. spatten^

to burst], sprinkle with mud or liquid. Spat'u-la [L. spatula, var. of spathula, dim. of

s^aiAd, abroad blade], broad-bladed instru­ment used for stirring mixture, spreading ointments, etc.

Spav'in [O.P. espavaini, disease of horses. Spawn [L. expandere, to spread out], eggs of

fishes, frogs, etc.; deposit (eggs) as fishes, Speak [O.E. sp(r)ecan ; cL Du. spreken; Ger.

sprecheri], utter words, converse, deliver a speech, communicate with (a ship),

Speak'er, one who speaks, presiding member of the House of Commons, e tc

Speax [O.E. spere; cf. Du. and Ger. speer; perh. cogn. with Spar 2], pointed weapon for thrusting or throwing; pierce with a spear.

Spear'mint, aromatic plant. Spe'cial (ci=sh) [short for Especial], par­

ticular, distinctive. Spe'cial-ist [ci=sh\ one who takes up a

particular branch of a science, etc, Spe-ci-al'i-ty, Spe'cial-ty (ci=sh)t special

quality or object. Spe'cialize, Spe'cie (spetf-shi-ce or spee'-shee) [L. abl. of

speciSs, kind; in specie, in kind], coin. Spe'cles spe'-shi-eez or spe'-slieez) (pi. Species)

[D. speczis], a kind, a class. Spe-cif'ic [see Specify], definite; definite cure. Spec-i-fl-ca'tion, definite or detailed de­

scription. Spe'ci-£y [O.P. specifier, to specify; L. speciSs,

Mnd,facere, to make], name definitely or expressly,

Specimen 200 Spirituous Sp8C'i-men [L. specimen, a specimen; specere,

to loot], sample. Spe'cioug [L. species^ land, appearance],

pleasing in appearance, plausible. Spoek [0.1^. s]?ecca], spot, stain, Speck'led [specklej dim, of Speck], marked

with small spots. Spec'ta-clc [L. speciacvlumf a spectacle;

spectdref freq. of specere, to look], show, (pi,) lenses to assist the sight.

Spec-tae'u-lar, of the nature of a show. Spec-ta'tor [L. spectarCf to see], looker-on. Speo'tae [L. spectrum^ a vision ; specere, to

look, see], ghost, Spee'traL Spec'tro-scope [L- spectrum^ a vision; Gk.

scopein, to look], instrument for pro­ducing and examining the spectra of rays of light.

Spec'tram (pi. Spectra) [L. spectrum, a vision], an image seen with closed eyes, coloui-ed band into which a beam of light may be decomposed.

Spec'u-late [L. specularl (p.p. speculditis\ to behold, specula, a -watch-tower, specere, to look], form a theory, buy riskily. [sale.

Spee-u-la'tion, theory, risky purchase or Speech [0.^. sp(r)cvcl, talk, language, an

address. Speech'ily. Speed [O.E. sp6'S ;'cf. O.H.G. spuon, to pros­

per], swiftness, rate of motion; succeed, move quickly, further, say good-bye to,

Speed-om'eter [Gk. melreiii, to measure], speed-indicator, esp. on a motor vehicle.

Spead'y, rapid. Spell [0 JB. spelt spel(t), a saying, story], a set

of words supposed to have magical power, a charm, turn at work, short period,

Spsll [O.F. espeller, name in order the letters of a word, read letter by letter, make out by study, signify.

Spelt'er [corresp. to 0.1?. espcautre; Low Qer. spialier^ pewter], zinc.

Spen'cer [fr. an Earl of Spencer], siiort jacket. Spend [L. cxpendere, to lay out; disburse],

put oxit money, waste, employ (time). Spend'thrift, wasteful spender. Sperm [L. and Gk. sperma, seed; Gk.

speireirif to sow], male generative fluid, spei-maceti.

Sper-ma-ce'ti pj . sperma, sperm; cg(W5, a whale], waag matter obtained from the sperm whale.

Spew [O.E. sp^owan, spiwan], vomit. Sphag'num [Gk. sphagnos, a kind of moss],

moss used for surgical dressings. Sphere [Qk. spJiaira, a ball], ball, range of

action. Spher'oid. Spher'ic-al, of or like a sphere. Sphinx [Gk, sp7iigx, sphinx; sphiggein, to

strangle], in Greek mythology a monster witb woman's head and lion's body, stone image near pyramids of Egypt.

Spice [O.P. espice; L. species^ kind (m Late L. also means *'spice")], flavouring sub­stance, slight trace; to flavour with spice.

Spick and Span [earlier spike-and-span-new]y wholly new, as trim as when new.

Spic'y, containing spice, fragratft, pungent. Spi'der [O.E, spUhre, spintJirc, fi. spiunan^ to

spin], web-spinning nnimal, Spig'ot [0. Port, cspiga, ear of com, dim.

fr. L. spica, ear of corn, point], peg to stop the vent of a caslc

Spike [Swed. and Norw. spik, a nail], large nail, sharp-pointed piece of metal or wood-

Spike [L. spXca, ear of corn, point], ear of corn,

• Spike'nard [L. splca imrd; Qk. nardou stacfms, spike of nard], costly aromatic ointment.

Spill rO,E. spillan; U. Du., M.L.G. spillen, to destroy], drop (liquid) out of a vessel, run over, fall out, shed (blood); a fall from ahorse.

Spill P u . spil; M. Du. and MX.G. spille], strip of wood, or spiral twist of paper for lighting gas, etc.

Spin [O.E, spinnan; peril, cogn. with Span], draw out and twist into tlu-ead, to whirl.

Spin'acli Spiu'age [Sp. espinaca; etym. doubtful], pot herb.

Spi'nal [see Spine], relating to the spine. Spin'dle [O.E, spinel, fr. spinnan, to spin],

pin on which thread is twisted in a spin­ning-wheel, or on which a bobbin is held in a spinning-machuie.

Spin'driit [var. of spoondrift], blown spray. Spine [0.!P. espine; Ti. spvia, thorn, back­

bone], thorn, backbone. Spin'efc [ILE. esjnnetle; It. spinctta], old-

fashioned musical instrument. Spin'na-kel [perh. formed from spinz, a

mispronuncLition of Sphinx, the name of the first yacht to carry the sail], large three-cornered sail carried by racing-yachts.

Spin'ne>et [sec Spin], organ on the under side of spiders, silkworms, etc.

Spin'ny, Spin'ney [O.E. espinei, a thorny place, fr, espiiie], small grove.

Spin'ster [fr. Spin], unmarried woman. Spi'ny, thorny, full of spines. Spi'ra-cle [L. spirdre, to breathe], breathing-

hole in animals. Spir-a6'a (ae=ee') [Gk speiraia, meadow­

sweet] perennial herb with small white or pink flowers.

Spi'ral [L, spiralis; see Spires], winding like a screw,

Spire 1 [O.E.-s^jfr; cLVin. spier; GQv.spiere, a spar], tapei ing portion of a steeple, any tapering body.

Spire3 [L. spiral Gk. speira, a coil], coU, a single fewist,

Spir'it [li. spirilus, breath, spirare, to breathe], life distinct from matter, soul, gho?t, liveliness, energy; (pi.) mental state, liquid produced by distillation.

Spir'it-ed, full of spirit, animated. Spir'it-u-al, not mateiial, holy, ecclesiastical.

Spiritua'lity. Spir'lt-u-al-ism, belief in communion between

the living and the dead. -_ , Spir'it-U-OUS, containing alcohol,

Spirt 201 Spry Spirt [see Spurt], Spit [O.E. s;pitu ; cf. Du. spit; Ger. spicss],

proug for holding meat while roasting, point of land.

Spit [O.E. spittan, spcblan, to spit], saliva; eject saliva from the mouth. Spittoon'.

Spite [short for Despite],- active ill-will; thwart.

Spit'tle [O.E. spdll]^ thick moist matter in tho mouth, saliva,

Splash [coined by prefixing s to Plash], dash about (water, etc.) ; dash of water, etc.

Splash'&oard, board in front of a vehicle. Splat'tef [var. of Spatter], make continuous

splashing. Splay [short for Display], turned outward,

ilat; slanting surface (ia architecture); to make m t h a slope.

Spleen [L. spUni 0k. splen^ the spleen], gland in the body, ill-humour. [showy.

Splen'did [L. splendere^ to shine], very bright, Splen'dour h. splendere, to shine], great

brightness, magnificence. Splen-et'ic [Late L. spleneticiis \ as Spleen],

affected with spleen, peevish. Splice [It. Du. splisscn, to splice; Du. splij-

ten, to split], unite by interweaving or interlapping.

Splint, Splin'ter [S wed. splint^ a spike; cf. Dan. splintf a sphnter], piece split off, (pi.) con­trivances for keeping a broken limb in position; split into thin pieces.

Split [M. Du. S2>litten, to split; etym. dub.], divide lengthwise; crack or rent.

Splotch [etym. dub.], smear, blot, stain, Splut'ier [imit., var. of Sputter], sputter,, SpoU [IJ. spolidre, to strip; L, spolium, skin

stripped off, booty], to plunder, mar, destroy, go bad ; plunder.

Spoke [0.E, sp&ca; cf. Du. speekly ray of a wheel, rung of ladder, each handle of steering-wheel.

Spokes'man, man who speals for others. Spo-li-a'tion [see Spoil], plunder, depriva­

tion. Spon'dee [Q-k. spondeiost a spondee; spondaic

solemn treaty; sponde^ libation to the gods; spendein^ to pour out], metrical foot of two long syllables. Spondk'ic,

Sponge (o=fl) [O.E. sponge; Q-k. spoggia, a sponge, var, of spoggoSy fungus], porous animal substance; use a sponge to, get by mean arts. Spong'er.

Spoa'gy (p=iX\ soft like sponge. Spon'so? [L. spondcre (p.p, sponsus\ to

promise], surety, godfather or godmother, Spou-ta'ne-ous ; [L. spontaneus, willing;

spontet of one's own accord], voluntary, unforced. Spontaneity.

Spook [Du. spook], ghost. Spool [M. Du. spoele]^ reel for thread, etc. Spoon [O.E. sp6n; Com. Teut.], utensil, oval

bowl with a handle to convey liquid food to the mouth; use a spoon.

Spoon'er-ism [fr. Bev. "W. A. Spoo-nef], accidental transposition of initial letters, e.g, half-ivaTmcd ftsh for half-formed wish.

Spoor [Du, spoor]j an animal's track or scent; follow by spoor.

SpO-rad'io [Ok, sporadicos, scattered; spdrdn^ to scatter], occurring here and there.

Spore [CJk. spora^ sowing, seed; speirein^ to sow], small grain or germ.

Spor'ran [Gael, sporan, a purse, a sporran], pouch in front of a kilt,

Sport [short for Disport], amusement, out­door pastime; play, wear in public.

Sporfc'ive, playful, Sports'man, one who hunts, fishes, etc. Spot [M.E. and O. l-'ris. spot; cL M. Du,

spotten, to spot], stain, speck, place ; cover with spots, detect. Spot'ty.

Spouse («=£) [L, sponsa^ betrothed woman; spondere (p.p. sponsus), to promise], husband or •mfe.

Spout [M.E. spouten ; cf. Du. spuiten\ throw out as water through a pipe ; dischai^ng-pipe.

Sprain [perh.fr, O.E. espreindre, to press out; etym. dub.], wrench ankle, wrist, etc. j lameness caused by spraining.

Sprat [O.E, sprolt; cf. O.E. sprot^ a twig; cogn, with Sprout], small fish.

Sprawl [O.E, spreawlian; cf. IT. Eris. spraweli]^ spread the limbs carelessly.

Spray [?], sprig of flowers or leaves. Spray [IL Du. spragen; M.L.G. sprc^en, to

sprinkle], water flying in small drops; throw spray on,

Spread [O.E. sprddani cf. Du. spreiden; Ger. spreitm], extend the surface of, to unfold, to scatter. [bout.

Spree [perh. allied to Spry], fi'olie, drinking Sprig [?], small shoot or twig. Spright'l? [see Sprite], lively. Spring [O.E. springan, sprincan; cf. Du. and

Ger, spritigen,; 0,N, springa, to burst], leap, fly back when bent, arise; leap, flying back, elastic contrivance usu. of metal, source esp, of a stream, season before summer,

Spring'bok [S. At Du. springen, to spring; bokf goat], South African gazelle.

Springe 9=3) [see Spring], snare vnth a Bpring-noose.

Spring'-tide, high tide soon after new and full moon, (poetical) spring-time.

Spring'y, elastic, Sprin'kle [formerly sprenkle; perh. Du. spre7i-

kelen, to sprinkle], scatter in small drops or particles.

Sprint [O.N. sprctta, to start], short race at full speed; run at full speed.

Sprit [O.E. spriot, a pole ; cogn. with Spront], spar set diagonally to extend fore and aft sail.

Sprite [L, spiriUiSy a spirit], fairy, elf. Sprocket [?], tooth of a cog-wheel. Sprout [O.E.s^jriifan; ci.Jia.spruiten; cogn.

•uith Sprat], shoot forth; shoot of a plant, Spruce [O.E, Pruce, Prussia], kind of fir. Spruce [prob. O.V. Pruce^ Prussia, with

reference to Prussian leather jerldn], neat, Spry [?], nunble.

Spud 202 Staircase Spud [?]i kind of small spade for digging up

roots, Spue [see Spew]. Spume [L. spuma, foam], foam; to foam.

• Spunk loiig. obsoure; prob. conn. witliFunk], pluck, courage, mettle.

Spur [O.Ii. spura^ spora; Com. Teut.], prick­ing instrument fixed to a tider'g heel, hard projection on cock's leg, incentive, projecting mountain range; incite, ride hard.

Spurge pj* expurgare, to clear away], plant with acrid juice.

Spu'ri-OUS [L. spuriuSf false], nob genuine. Spum [O.i]. spttr?ian, spoman; cf, O.N.

spoma; eogn. with Spur], kick aside, treat %\ith scorn.

Spurt [?], gush suddenly, make sudden effort; jet, short violent effort.

Spufter [frcq.of Spout], emit with a spitting sound, utter worda hurriedly and con­fusedly.

Spa'tum [p.p. of li. spuere, to spit], spittle. Spy [short for Espy], gain sight of, search

closely; one who watches secretly. Squab'ble (a=o) [Swed. diaL sJcvahhel^ a

dispute; proD.imit.], to quarrel noisily; a brawl.

S Tiad ( t t = ^ [It. sguo^ra, a square], small party, esp. for drill.

S^uad'roa (a=(5) [It. squadrone, aug. of squadra^ a square], a body of cavalry, detachment of a fleet.

Siual'id (a~if) [L. squdlidus^ dirty; squaUre, to be dirty], dirty through neglect, mean. Squalid'ity.

Sciuall (a=5) [perh. fr. Swed. sqmla, to gush out. Etym. doubtful], violent gust o£ wind, loud scream; cry violently. Squal'ly, [ness.

Squa'lor (a=a^ [L. squalerc, to be dirty], foul-Sfiuan'der (a=<0 [?]> spend wastefully. Square [O.F. esquare; L. e:c-, out, quadrus,

4:-comered], equal-sided rectangle, 4-sided area, L-shaped or T-shaped instrument, product of a number multiplied by itself; having 4 sides and 4 right angles, fair, honest; multiply (number) by itself, adjust.

Siiuash [O.I', esquasser, to crush; L. exquas~ sore], crush; a crowd.

Squash [Amer.-Ind. asqutasquasli]^ pumpkin. Sctuat [O.P. esqnatir, to flatten; O.F, es-

(li, ea:-), extremely, and qiiatir, to beat down], sit on the heels or hams; short and thick. [title.

Squaf ter [see Squat], settler on land without Squaw [Amer.-Ind. sg^iia, a squaw], American-

Indian woman. Squawk [imit.], utter hai^h cry; harsh cry. Squeak [prob. imit.; cf. Swed. sqvaka]^ utter

a sharp shrill cry ; sharp slu-ill sound. Squeal [imit.; cf. M, Swed. sqwcela^ to

squeal], utter a prolonged shrill cry; prolonged shrill cry.

Squeam'ish [earlier squeamotis. Etym. doubt­ful], easily disgusted, sicMsh, over-scrupu­lous.

Squee'gee [etym. doubtful; cf. Squeeze], i-ubber-edged bnisli for wet deck or road.

Squeeze [E., perh. strenglhened form ol obs. gweaje], press; prossuie.

Squelch [cf. dial, quekh^ a blow], crush; sound made by crushing.

Squib [prob. imit.], small firework, short witty essay.

Squill [L, squilla; Cxk. skilla^ a squill], plant used in medicine.

Squint [cf. Du. shuinte, to slant], look obliquely, to have the eyes looking in different directions; looking obliquely.

Squire [as Esquire], chief lauded proprietor in a district, attendant on a knight (middle ages); to escort (a lady),

Squirm [prob. imit.], wriggle. Squir'rel [Gk. sUouros^ squirrel, perh. fr. skia^

shadow, and oura^ tail], gnawing animal with a bushy tail.

Squirt [orig. uncertain; cf. LowG-. swiTtjcn-, fr. sxoiren^ to whirr], eject a jet of water, etc.; instrument for squirting.

Stab [prob. Swed. dial, stahbe, a thick stick; O.N. stc^hi, a stump], pierce with a knife, etc,; a thrust with a knife, etc., wound therefrom,

Sta'ble [L. stabilis. firm], fixed, firm, S t^ bil'ity,

Sta'ble [L. siahuLmi^ a stall; O.E. estaUe, a stable; L. st&rey to stand], house for horses; to put in a stable. Stab'Iing,

Stack [O.N. stakkr, haystack], large pile of grain, hay, etc., number of cMinneya standing together, a tall chimney; lay in a pile.

Sta'di-um [L. stadium \ G-1:. sladio7i\^ Gk. measure of about 202 yds., course for foot-xacc,

Stafi [O.E. stcefi Com. Teut.; (pi.) Staffs, (mus.) Staves], stick, pole, five lines used in writing music, body of a^stants.

Stag [prob. fr. O.E. slaega; O.N. steggry steggi, a male animal (he-bird, drake, tom-cat, etc.], male of a deer,

Stage [O.E, estage, stage, dwcUing-place; Late L. staticu7ny dwelling-place; L. stare (sup. statuni), to stand], raised platform, dramatic art, scene of activity, degree of progress, stopping-place, road between two stopping-places; pub a play on the stage.

Stag'ger [O.N. stakra^ freq. of siaka, to push], sway from side to side as if about to fall; reeling motion. Stagg'eter,

Stag'nant [L, sta-gnans i-aMis), pr.p, of stagndre, to stagnate], not iiowing, dull.

Stag'nate pj. stagnara (p.p. stagnatvs), to stagnate; stag^ium, a pool], cease to flow, become dull. Stagna'tion.

Sta'gy, theatrical in manner. [steady, Staid [formerly stayed, p.p. of Stay], sober, Stain [O.F. desteindre; L. dis, apart; tingcre,

to dye], discolour, dye; discoloration, blemish.

Stair [O.E. st<£ger; cf. Du. steigcr; Ger. steg^ a path], series of steps, one of the steps.

Stair'case, stairs with their framework,

Stake 203 Stave Stakol [O.TO. staca\ of. M. Du. stalcci, O.N.

stjaki; cogn. with Stack], pointed stick, post; fiz \\'ith stakes, mark (out) with stakes.

Staked t?])moneywagered, pledge; to wager. Sta-lac'tite [&k. stalactos^ trickling, stalassein^

to drip], hanging cone of carbonate of lime.

Bta-lag'mite fGk. stalagmos^ dripping, stalas-sein, to drip], deposit of lime on the floor.

Stale [etym. difficult to trace; prob. from Teut. root 5ta, to stand], tasteless from ago, not new,

Stale'mate [Stale and Mate. See Checkmate], position of king in chess which results In a drawn game.

Stalk (al^aw) [M.E. stalke, dim. of O.E. stccla, a stalk], stem, tall chimney.

Stalk [O.E. stealcan^ to walk warily, perh. fr. stealc, high], proceed under cover, walk with stately steps.

Stall (a=aw) [O.E. steal(]:)\ Com. Teut.], stable, division in a stable, table on wliich things are placed for sale, fixed seat In the choir, seat in a theatre; put in a stall.

Stal'Iion f ) [0,'^, estahn, a stallion; O.H.G. stal, a stall], male horse.

Stal'wart (a=avd) [earlier stalworth; O.E. siaclj place, vnertke, worth], bold and strong.

Sta'men [L. st5.men^ thread, warp ; s/Sre, to stand], pollen-bearing part of a plant.

Stam'i-na [L. pi, of stamen^ thread], staying-power, vigour.

Stam'mer [O.E. stamerian; cogn. with Stumble], speak haltingly; tliia habit of speech. Stam'merer.

Stamp [Early M.E. stampm; cf. Du. stampm; Ger. stam'pferi\^ bring down one's foot, crush, impress with a mark, put a stamp on ; act of stamping, that which stamps, thing stamped, officii mark, kind, sort,

Stam-pede' [Sp. es(ampido, a crash, estampar, to stamp], wild, frightened running away.

Stanch, Staunch [O.E, estancMer^ to stanch; L. stagndrey to stagnate], stop the flowing of blood.

Stan'chzon [O.E. estancTion, dim, of estance, a situation, a stanchion; Late L. stantia^ an abode], prop of timber or iron.

Stand [O.E, staiidany stondan\ Com. Teut., cogn. with L. stare\ be erect on the feet, stop, endure, hold good, be equivalent; act of st-anding, a stop, station, something on which things may be placed, raised structure for spectators.

Stand'ard [O.E. . estandard, fr. O.n.O-. siandan, to stand, and O.E. estendard, fr. L. cztendcre, to extend], distinctive flag, thing serving as a basis of comparison; being or according with a standard of com­parison. Stand'aidize.

Stand'ing, continuance, position. Stan'na-ry [Late L. stanndria, from L.

stanrmnij tin], tin-mine, tin-mining district. Stan'Ea [It. stanza., fr. L. stare (pr.p. stans^

siantis% to stand], group of lines of verse.

Sta'ple [O.E. cstaple market; Low G. stapely a heap], principal article ol com­merce, fibre of wool, etc.; chief.

Sta'ple[O.E.5^apo?; cf. Dxistapel; Dan. stcAcl^ a pile], bent loop of iron with pointed ends.

Star [O.E. steorra; cf. Du. ster ; Ger. stern^ heavenlybody, object with radiating points. Star'ry.

Star'board [O.E. siSorhord\ st^or, a rudder, bordj board], right-hand side of a ship.

Staich [O.E. stercan, to strengthen; cogn, with Stark], stiffening substance; stiHen with starch.

Stare [O.E. starian, to stare; stcsr, stiff], look fixedly; fixed look. [wholly.

Stark [O.E. stearc^ strong], stiff, strong; Star'ling [O.E. and Dan. staer, a starling, and

noun suf. -liiig], bird with dark plumage shot with purple, green, and blue.

Start IMJS, sterten; cogn. with Du. storie7i; Ger. stiirzen, to hurl], move suddenly from surprise, etc., begin; sudden motion, a beginning,

Stait'le [freq. of Start], give shock to, Starve [O.E, steorfan, to die], perish from

cold or hunger, lack food; deprive of food, destroy by want. Starva'tion,

Starve'ling, starving person. State [L. stare (sup. s^ciwrn), to stand], con­

dition, pomp, nation; to express in words. State'ly [see State], dignified, lofty. State'ment, expression in words, account. State'room, room for ceremonial occasions;

private saloon in steamer or train. Statea'man, one versed in state affairs, Stat'ic, Stafic-al [Gk. staticos, at a stand­

still; states^ placed, standing], pertaining to bodies at rest or forces in equilibrium.

Sta'tion [L. stdre (sup. statum\ to stand], standing-place, railway stopping-place, position, military post; assign a position to.

Sta'tion-a-ry, not moving, fixed, Sta'tion-er [earlier, a bookseller; L. station-

dritis, stationary, in M.L. a bookseller] one who sells writing materials, etxi.

Sta'tion-er-y, things sold by stationers. Stat'ist Ifr, State], one who deals with statis­

tics. [ti'cian. Sta-tia'tics, classified numerical facts. Statis-Staf u-a-ry [see Statue], sculptor, statues. Stat'uc [L. statua, a standing imago; stare.

to stand], sculptured or cast figure. Staf n-esg?;*?', having the dignity of a statue.

Statuef ie, small statue. Stat'ure [L. stare (sup. staiurrC), to stand]

height of a person. Sta'tus [L. stare (sup. statu7n), to stand].

position in society, a profession, etc. Stafute [L. staiuere (p.p. statutus), to place.

causal of stdre^ to stand], law passed by a legislature, Stafutory.

Staifnch, Stanch [O.E. estanche]^ trust­worthy, loyal.

Stave [Tar. of StaflJ, side-timber of a cask, verse; to break in the timbers of, ward oS, delay, break hole (in cask, boat).

s tay 204 Stilted Stay [O.F. estayer^ to prop ; M. Du. slade,

staeys, a prop], stop, prop, delay ; a prop, (pi.) a corset.

Stay [O.E. stag; perh. fr. O.F. estaye]^ rope • supporting spar or mast. Stead [O.E. and Du. stede^ a place, cogn.

with Stand, as in Bedstead], place, room. Stead'fast, Arm, resolute. Stead'ing, the barns, stables, etc., of a farm. Stead'y, fimi) constant; mate or become

steady. Steak (ea=a%) [O.N", steikja, to roast on a

spit], slice of beef, etc., cut for broiling, etc. Steal [O.E, steUm; of. Du. stel^?n; Ger,

stehlen^ take wrongfully or by surprise, move silently.

Steolth, secret procedure. Stealth'y-Steam CO.E. steam ; cf. Du. stoom], water in

the state of vapour; give out steam, apply steam to, move under steam- power.

Steam'er, ship propelled by steam, vessel in whiGh articles are steamed.

Ste'a-rin [Gk. stear, fat], chief constituent of tallow and suet. [horse.

Steed [O.E. stMa], spirited horse, esp. war-Steel [O.E. st^le; cf. Du. staal; Ger. staJil];

alloy of iron and carbon, sharpening imple­ment; harden.

Steel'yartl [^- ^^^ London Steelyard, where the Hanse merchants used to meet], Mnd of balance with unequal arms.

Steep [O.N. steypa, pour out liquids], soak in liquid.

Steep [O.E. stdap, cogn. with prec], having a decided slope ; slope, precipice.

Stee'ple [O.E. stppel, cogn. with prec], tower and spire together.

Stee'ple-chase, horse-race across country, over hedges, ditches, etc. (perh. orig. with a steeple as goal).

Steer [O.E. stior; cf. Du. and Ger. stier, a bull], young male of the ox kind.

Steer [O.E. sUoran, iv.sUor, a rudder],guide a vessel, motor-vehicle, etc, direct one's course. Steers'man.

Steer'age, part of a ship allotted to pas-engers paying least, efCect of helm on ship.

Stel'lar [L. stellk, a star], relating to stars. Stem [O.E. stefUf stemn; cf. CK. stafn^

stamn, stem of a ship], main body, stalk, part of word to wMch case-endings are added, upright front part of a ship.

Stem [cf. CN. stemmat to stem; Dan, stemme; Qer. stemmen\ check. [smell.

Stench [O.E. sienc^ cogn. with Stink], evil Sten'cil [perh. O.E. estenceler, to sparkle,

cover with stars, estencele, a spark], thin plate with pattern cut out, used in marking, painting, etc., the pattern so made.

Sten-og'ra-phy [Gk. stenos, narrow, grapliein^ to write], shorthand. Stenogiaph'ic.

Sten-to'ri-an [Gk. JStentor, a herald in the Trojan war], extremely loud. Sten'tor.

Step [O.E. steppan^ cogn. with Stamp], set down the foot; pace, footprint, surface to place the foot on in ascending and descending, socket for mast,

Step'child [O.E. stiopcild; steop, orphaned, cild, child], one's wife's or husband's child by a previous marriage.

Step25e [Euss. stepe, a steppe], treeless plain in BuEsia.

Ste're-0-scope [Gk. stereos, solid, scopcint to look], instrument for giving to pictures the effect of solid forms. Ste'reoscopic.

Ste'ie-o-type [Gk. stereos, solid, typosy type], printing-plate cast from a mould made from an assemblage of type ; prepare for printing in stereotype, fix.

Ster'ile [L. sterilis^ barren], uutruitful, free from living germs, cap. of disease.

Ster'il-ize, destroy germs. Steiil'ity. Ster'ling [M.E.; of uncertain origin], of

standard value, genuhie. Stem [O.E. stynid], severe, rigid. Stern [O.N. stjdrn, a steering helm], back

part of a vessel. Stern-u-ta'tion [L. stcmutare (sup. sternu-

tatmn), to sneeze], act of sneering, [ing. Ster'to-ious [L. stertere, to snore], like snor-Steth'o-scope [Gk. stcthos, chest, scopeiUs

to see], instrument for examining the organs o! the chest.

Ste've-dore [Sp. esthador, wool-packer; L. stlpdre^ to press together], one who loads and unloads ships.

Stew [O.E. estuve^ a stew, stove; O.H.G. stupa, hot room for a bath], boil slbwly in little water; dish prepared by stewing, an agitated state.

Stew'anl [O.E. stlgioeard, fr. stigu^ sty, and weard; lit, a "s ty ward"], manager of an estate, etc., one who provides for the table of a club, ship, etc, passengers' attendant on a ship. Stew'aidess.

Stick [O.E, sticca, a stick, stician, to stick; cf. Ger. stechen], slender piece of wood ; pierce, adhere, be stayed, hesitate.

Stifi'kle [fr. obs. stickle^ to umpire, prob. fr. O.E, stifitan, to found], to contend about trifles. Stick'ler.

Stif/kle-back [O.E. sticel, a prickle, and Back], small fish with sharp spines on the back.

Stick'y, adhesive, gluey. Stiff [O.E. stlf, sfciif], not easily bent, firm. Sti'fle [O.N. stijla, to dam up, to choke],

smother, Stig'ma [Gk, stigma stigmat-os), a mark,

brand], mark of disgrace, top of pistil of flower. Stigma'tic.

Stig'ma-tize, describe opprobriously (as). StUe [O.E. stigel, fr. stigan^ to climb], steps

over a fence or wall. Sti-let'to [It. dim. of stilo, a dagger; L.

stilusj an iron pin], small dagger. Still [O.E. stille'], motionless, quiet; to calm;

to this time, yet; nevertheless. Stil'ly. Still [L. siilldre (p.p. stillMus), to drip],

distilling vei^el, [storeroom. Still'room, room for distilling, house-keeper's StUt [Swed. stylta\ Dan. stylie-^ a stLlt], pole

with a rest for the foot, usually in pairs, Stilt'ed, as if on stilts, pompous.

Stimulant 205 Strain Stim'u-lant [L. stimtilans (-antis), pr.p. of

stirmtlare^ to stimulate], that which stimulates, esp. alcoholic drink.

Stim'u-late [L. stimulare (p.p. stimulatus\ to prick forward], escite, spur on,

Sthn'u-lus [L. stimulus^ a goad], something that rouses,

Sting [O.E, stingan\ cf, 0,N, sttnga\^ sharp organ connected with a poison gland; wound with a sfcing. Sting'iDgly.

Stin'gi-nes3 (.9=3), miserUness. Stin'gy ig=3) [from obs. stingy g hard),

nipping; fr. Sting], mean and hard. Stink [O.E. stincan; cf. Du. and Qer.

stiriken\^ emit a bad smell; bad smell. Stint [O.E. styntan, fr. stunts dull; cf. O.N.

stuttr^ short], keep on short allowance; fixed amount.

Sti'pend [L. stipendium (for sti-p-pendiuni)y tax, tribute ; L, sti-ps, small coin, pendere^ to weigh, hence to pay], settled pay.

Sti-pen'di-ar-y, one who receives a stipend, paid police magistrate.

Stip'ple [Du. slippelen, to dot over ; stippel, a speck, dim. of Hip^ a point], engraye by dots.

Stip'u-late [L. stipuldri (p.p. stipuldtus), to stipulate; O.L. stip^du^^ firm], make conditions. ' Stip'nlation.

Stir [O.E. styrian; cf. Du. storert; Grer. 5iore?t], move, rouse ; a bustle.

Stir'ring, active, exciting. Stir'rup [O.E. stirdp, stigrdpt orig. a looped

rope; stlgan, to climb, rap, a rope], foot-rest for a rider.

Stitch [0,B, stice, pricking, stician, to pierce], pass of a needle, turn in knitting, local sharp pain ;' sew.

Stith'y [obs. stithy an anvil; O.N. stethi^ an anvil], anvil, smithy.

Sti'ver [Du. stuiver], small Dutch coin. Stoat [M.E. slot, a stoat or any male animal;

cogn. with O.N, sliitr, a buU], ermine, ^ p . in its summer coat.

Stock [O.E. stocc ; cf. Du. stok ; Ger. stock, trunk, post, part in which other parts are inserted, family, fund, store, liquor for soup, animals raised on a farm, flower; lay up; often repeated.

Stock-ade' [Sp. estacada^ a fence, estaca, a stake], inclosure or defence of stakes.

Stock'fish, salted and dried fish. Stock'ing [dim. of stock, used as short for

nether-stock; the upper-stock was above the knee], covering for the foot and leg.

Stocks, timber frame with holes for feet at one time used for petty oHenders, timbei"S on which a ship rests while building.

Stod'gy [?], heavy, indigestible. Sto'ic [L. Stoicus; Gk. Stdicos, a Stoic, lit.

belonging to the colonnade because Zeno taught under a colonnade at Athens; Gk. stoa, a colonnade], philosopher of the school cf Zeno, one who cultivates indifference to pleasure and pain.

Sto'ic-al indifferent to pleasure or pain.

Sto'i-oism, indifCerence to pleasure or pain, Stoke [fr. Stoker], tend a furnace. Sto'ker fDu. stoker, kindler, cogn. with Du.

stok, a stick], one who tends a fire. Stole [L. stola, Gk. stole, a robe], shoulder-

band worn by clergymen. Stol'id [D. stolidus, stolid], hard to stir, dull.

Stolid'ity. Stom'ach'(o=ti, ch=^k) [Gk. stomachos, dim,

of stoma, mouth], principal digestive organ, appetite; to put up with. Stoma'chic.

Stom'ach-er (o^H, ch=k')t front-piece in ancient dress-

Stone [O.E. sldn ; cf. Du. steen ; Ger. steiji]^ piece of rock, kernel-case, gem, 14 lbs. ; throw stones at, take stones out of.

Sto'ny, full of stones, like stone. Stool [O.E. stdl; cf. Du. stoel; Ger. stuhl],

backless seat, foot-rest, Stoop [O.E. stfipian; cf. M. Du. stuypen ;

O.N. st^pa; cogn. T\ith Steep], bend forward or down ; a bend forward.

Stop [O.E. stoppianx Late L, sluppare, to stop ; L. stuppa, oakum, tow], close as <a hole, stand still, cause to stand still; pause, check, set of organ pipes.

Stop'page, act of stopping, state oE being stopped.

Stop'per, Stop'ple, plug for a bottle, etc. Stor'age, act of storing, place for storing. Store [L. iiislaurdre, to provide necessaries],

quantity, place of deposit, shop, (pi.) supplies; lay away, stock, furnish.

Sto'rey, Sto'ry [L. instaurare, to build], floor of a building on one level.

Stork [O.E. store; cf. Du. stork ; Ger. starch], kind of wading-bird,

Storm [O.E. storm; cf. Du., Swed., and Dan. storm; Ger. sturm; cogn. with Stir], violent disturbance of the atmosphere, etc., attack on a fort; rage, assault.

Sto'ry [O.E, estoire ; L. historia, a history, tale], tale. Sfor'ied,

Stonp (pu=oo) [O.N. staup, cf. O.E. steap], flagon; holy-water basin.

Stout [O.P, estout; perh. fr. L. stidtus, foolish], strong, bulky ; malt liquor.

Stove [O.E. stofa, heated room], apparatus in which fire is made.

Stow [O.E. stdwigan, fr. stdw^ a pla.ce], pack, put in a suitable place.

Stoio'a-wa3?, one who conceals liimself on board ship, to steal a free passage.

Strad'dle [formerly striddJe; freq. of Stride], part the legs wide.

Strag'gle [perh, freq. of M.E. strdken, to roam], spread widely apart, stray.

S^Xdigfit [O.E. streht, p.p. of streccan, to stretch], direct, not bent, honest.

StraiJ77 t-en, make straight. StraifirTit-for'ward, honest, frank. Straigf/ifway [Straight and Way], without

delay. Strain [O.E. eslreindrc, L. stringere, to di'aw

tight], stretch tightly, sprain, wrest mean­ing of, filter; extreme effort,

Strain 206 Stud Strain [O.E. strdon^ gain, product;, progeny],

musical period, tone, stock. Strait [L. strictus^ p.p. of stringere^ to draw

tight], narrow; narrow passage, difficulty. Strait'en^ hamper. Strand [O.N.F. estran; O.H.Q-, streno, a cord],

string or wire of a rope. Strand [O.E. strancC\, shore; run aground. Strange [L. extr&neusj foreign, on' the out­

side ; extra, without], foreign, new, odd, shy.

Stran'ger, foreigner, one who is nnlmown, Stran'gle [Gk. straggalizein^ to strangle;

straggale, a halter], Jdll by squeezing the throat, [tion,

Stran-gu-la'tion, aob of strangling, constric-Strap [O.E. stropp, fr. L. struppU3, a strap],

strip of leather; fasten or beat with a strap, Sttap'ping, tall and strong. Strapa-gem [Gk. strategemaj a stratagem;

stratSgos, general, leader], artifice, secret plot, [strategy,

Strat-eg'ic (ee or e), Berving the ends of Strat'e-gsi generalship. Strat'egist, Strath [Gael, srath; perh, cogn. with

Stratum], broad valley. Stiath-3pey'(ej/=ea'i)[Steatliandiiame of river

Spey']-i Scottish dance resembling a reel. Strafi-fled [L. stratum^ a layer; facere^ to

make], arranged in layers. Stta'tum, (3>?.) Stra'ta[li, simium, a layer],

layer or set of layers. [grain. Straw [O.E. streaw], stalk, dry cut stalks of Straw'he>ry [Straw (because of runners) and

Bexry], plant audita pulpy fruit. Stray \0.V, estraier, to stray; L. strSta^

a street], wander, lose one's way; animal that has strayed; strayed, occurring now and then.

Streak [O.E. strica, cogn. with Strike], long mark; make streaks. Streak'y.

Stream [O.E. stream, cf. Qer. strom], body of running water, a ilow ; to flow.

Streamlet, little stream. Stieam'er, very long narrow flag, shooting

stream of light. Street [L. strata (f fa), paved (way); sternere

(p.p. stratus), to strew, pare], road and its houses in a town or village, the road only.

Strength [O.E. strengthu, fr. Strang, sbiong]^ quality or state of being strong.

Stren'u-oua [L. stremcus, strenuous; Gk, strenSs, strong], strong and earnest.

Stress [O.F. estrccier, to straiten, contract; fr. L. stricluSf tightened], pressure, strain,

Stretch [O.E. streccan], draw out, reach out; extension, reach, efEorfc.

Stretcll'er, ^ m e fos carrying wounded or dead persons,

Strew 0^w~oo) [O.E, sireawian^ fr. strcaw, straw], scatter,

Slri'a-led [L. strm^ a streak], marked with small parallel channels.

Strick'en (P-P- of Strike), afOictcd, weakened. Strict \X" stringere (p.p. strictiis), to tighten],

exact, severe.

Stricfur^ unfavourable criticism, morbid contraction,

Stride [O.E. strida7i]^ walk with long stops, stand with legs apart; long step.

Stri'dent [IJ. stridere (i^r.p. stndens^ -entis), to creak], grating, harsh. [contest.

Strife [O.P. esfrif; O.N..;/rWi,strife],quarrel, Strike [O.E. strkan, to go], hit, impress,

occur to, ignite (match), stamp (coin), lower (sail, etc.), quit work in a trade dis­pute ; act of quitting work.

Stri'king, very noticeable, impressive. String [O.E. strejtgj cogn, with Strong], twine,

cord of a musical instrument, series; thread on a string, supply with a string.

Strin'gent [L. stringere (pr.p. stringCns, •entis), to tighten], strict, bmding strongly. Strin'gency,

String'y, ropy, flbrous. Strip [O.E. stnjpan], deprive (of), peel, un­

dress ; narrow piece. Stripe [M. Du. strijpe, a stripe in cloth],

narrow marking, laEih-stroke. Strip'ling [dim. of Strip], lad. [contend. Strive [O.P. estriver, to strive], try hard, Stroke [O.E. strdc, fr. slrican^ to strike],

blow, shock. Stroke [O.E. slrdcian, fr, strdc, a stroke],

pass the hand gently in one direction, Stroll (o) [?], walk leisurely; a saunter. Stiong [O.E. Strang'], firm, healthy, not easily

overcome, powerfully affecting senses, forming inflections by internal vowel-change.

Strop [as Strap], strip of leather or imple­ment for sharpening razors.

Stro'phe [Gk. strophe, a turning; strephein, to turn], metrical scries of lines forming a division of a lyric poem, lines recited during turn made in dancing by ancient Greek chorus.

Struc'ture [L.5ir«(^e(p.p. structus),to build], a building, manner of building, manner of construction. Struc'tural.

Strug'glB [SI.E. strogelen], strive hard, make violent effort, contend, wrestle; hard con­test, violent effort.

Strum [imit. var. of Tlirum 2], play unskil­fully on a stiinged inbtrmnent.

Strati [Dan. s?rw«(?, to strut], walk pompously or with affected gait. [rafter.

Struts [cogn. with Strut 1], support for a Stryeh'ni-a, Strych'nine (cli=l) [Gk. strycli-

nos, night-shade], d< adly poison. Stub [O.E. stybb, cf. O.N", stiibbi], stump;

clear (land) of stub<5. Stnh'by. Stub'ble [liate L. stupula, var. o£ Jj. stipula,

stubble], stumps of grain after harvest. Stub'born [If.E. stobum, slibom, prob, fr.

O.E. stybb, a stub], obstinate. Stuh'bom-ness.

Stuc'co [It. stucco; O.H.G. stucchi, a crust], fine plaster used for decoration.

Stud [OE. sfdd, cogn. with Stand], collection of horses.

Stud [O.E. studu, a post], two-headed button, boss; adorn with knobs, set thioklyc

student 207 Subscribe Stu'dent [L. studere (pr.p. studens, -entis),

to study], one who studies, learner. Stu'di-o [It. studio, a studio; L. studium,

study], artist's woi'Mng-room. Stu'di-oug, given to study, painstaking. Stnd'y [L. sttidium, zeal, study], applica­

tion of mind, Bubject studied, toom for study; apply the mind. [to cram.

StufE [L. stupa^ stuppa, tow], material, trash; SfufE'y, ill-ventilated, close. Stul'ti-fy [L. smUziSy foolish; facere, to

make], reduce to absurdity, show in ridiculous light, malce inefEective, Stulti-fica'tion.

Stam'ble [M.E. stomblen, stomclen, stumlen, a doublet of Stammer], trip; act of tripping, blunder.

Stump [O.N. sl^mpr^ cogn. with Stub], remnant of a cut tree or limb, rod of a wicls:et; walk clumsily, go round making speeches, put out of play.

Stump'y, short and thick. Stmi [O.E. stunian, to resound], Imock sense-

le^, bewilder. Stmit [O.E. stunt, dull; of. O.N. stuUr, short],

check growth. ' Stu'pa-fy [L, stupSre, to be stupid; facere,

to make], make stupid or dull. jStttpo-fac'tion.

Stu-pen'dous [L. stupere, to be amazed], amazing, esp. from size.

Stu'pid [L. stupidus, stupid; stupere, to be amazed], dull, not clever. Stupid'ity.

Stu'por [L. stupere, to be amazed], dazed state, helpless surprise.

Stui'dy [O.F. estourdi, amazed, heedless. Etym. doubtful], strongly built, robust,

Sturgeon [O.H.Q-. sturjo, sturgeon], large food-fish resembling the shark.

Stut'ter [freq. of obs. stut, to stutter; cf. Du. stotteren; G-er. stottem\ to stammer; a Stammer.

Sty [O.E. stlgu, prob. fr. stigan, to climb], place for pigs.

Sty, Stye [O.E. stlgend, lit. " rising " ; stigan, to rise], swelling on the eyelid.

Sfcyg'ian [Gk. Styz (Slygos), the Styi], murky, gloomy, as in Hades.

Style [O.F. stile, style; L. stilus, iron pin for writing, way of writing], engraver's tool, manner, superior manner, diction, desig­nation; to name.

Style 2 [CJk. stylos, a pillar], pin of a dial, part of a flower. [style.

Styl'ist, person who has or aims at a good StyVish, having style, highly fashionable. Styro-graph [Style i and Gk. graphein, to

write], fountain pen with point instead of split nib. Stylograph'ic.

Styp'tic [&k. stypticos, astringent; styptein, to contract], stopping bleeding.

Styx, one of the mythical rivers of Hades, the Greek abode of the dead.

Sna'sion iu—w) [Zi.suSdSre (p.p. suasjis), to urge], persuasion.

Suave (w=w) (Ti. sudvis, sweet], sweet, pleasant, bland,

Suav'i-ty («=w), softness, pleasantness. Sub-ah-dar (u=oo) [Hind, siiitah, n province,

-dar, -keeping], chief native officer of sepoys.

Sub'al-tern [M.L. subalternus, subordinate; L. stib; under, <xl!er, another], officer below a captain; inferior.

Sub'cu-ta'ne-ous [L. sub, under, cutis, skin], under the skin.

Sub'di-vide [L. sub, under, dtvidere, to divide], divide parts.

Sub'di-vi'sion, part of a part, Sub-due' [L. subdere, to subdue], bring

under, overcome, soften. Subdu'aL Sub'iect, owing obedience, exposed; one

who is ruled, matter dealt vnlh. Sub-iecfc' [If. subjicere (p.p. subjectits); sub,

under, jacere, to throw], bring under control, make liable.

Sub-iec'tion, act of subjecting. Sub-jec'tive, derived from one's own con­

sciousness, imaginary. Of. Objective, Sub-ioin' [L. subjungere (p.p. siibjunctiis);

sub, under, jungere, to join], add at the end.

Sub'ju-gate [L. subjitgdre (p.p. suhjugalus); sub, imder, ptgum, a yoke], bring under control. Subjuga'tion.

Sub-junc'tive [see Subjoin], sometimes used in subordinate clauses.

Sublim-ate [L. sublimdre (p.p. subUmdtus), to sublimate; see Sublime], oonverfc solid to vapour by heat and reconvert to solid by cold, purify; substance pre­pared thus. Sublima'tion,

Sub-lime' (X. sublimis; perh. fr. sub, under, and limen, lintel], exalted, noble. Sub° lim'ity.

Sub-lu'na-ry [L. sub, under, luna, moon], on the earth.

Sub-ma-rine' iine=een) [L. stib, under, marlnus, marine!, under the sea.

Sub'ma-rine, craft sailing under water. Sub-merge' [L. sub, under, mergere (p.p.

mersus), to dip], to put under water, to sink. Submer'sible, [under.

Sub-mer'genee, Sub-mer'sioD, a plunging Sub-mis'sioD, act of submitting, meekness. Sub-mis'sivc, yielding, humble. Sub-mif [L. sidf, imder, and mittere (p.p.

misstis), to put], yield, surrender, urge, present for consideration.

Sub-or'di-nate [L. sub, under, and ordinare, to rank; ordo (prdin-is), order], inferior; one below another in rank, etc.; place in a lower order.

Sub-or'di-na'tion [see Subordinate], subjec­tion, inferiority,

Sub-orn' [L. sub, under, omare, to equip], cause to commit perjury or other unlawful act,

Sub-ptB'na (ce—ee) [L. sub, under, pcena, penalty], writ summoning a witness; summon a witness.

Sub-scribo' [L. sub, under, scrUere (p.p. scripiiis), to write], sign, promise by signing.

Subscription 208 Suitable Sab-scrip'tion, signature, Bum subscribed, Sah'ae-(iuen,fc [L. suby under, scqul (pr.p.

scquifiSj •entisX to follow], following in time, later, SuVseiiaence.

Sub-serve' [L. suby under, servtrcy to serve], serve as a means to. Subser'vience.

Siib-serv'i-ent, serving to an end, truckling. Sub-side' [Xi. sub, under, sidercj to settle],

sink, [siding, Sub'sid-ence, Sub-sid'ence, process of suh-Sub-sid'i-a-iy, furnishing aid, supplementary, Sub'si-dize, aid with public money. Sub'si-dy [L, subsidium, reserve troops,

assistance; sa5, imder, sedSre, to sit], money grant.

Sub-sist' [li. 5«6, under, sistere^ to stand, to place], exist, keep oneself in life.

Sab-slst encB, livelihood. Sub'stance [L. 5«&, under, stare (pr.p, $ta7is^

stantis), stand], body, reality, material, meaning.

Sub-stan'tial (ti=sh), real, having good substance,

Sub-stan'ti-ate (,t=sk\ verify, prove. Sub­stantia'tion.

Sub'sfan-tive, having a separate existence; old name for noun, Substanti'val.

Sub'sti-tute (X. stibsiituere (p.p. suhstitUius\ to sutistitute; sw6, under, statuere, to put, place], one in the place of another; put in the place of another. Sub-atitu'-tion.

Sub-tend' [L. sitb^ under, and tenderey to stretch], be opposite to.

Sub'ter-fnge [L. subter, secretly, jugere^ to flee], evasion, shift.

Sub-ter-ia'ne-au [L, SMZ*, under, t&tra.^ the earth], below the ground.

Sub'tile |X. subtiliSy fine, thin; 5u&, imder, tel<iy a web], thin, fine (archaic word).

Su&f le [earlier svhtUe\y fine, sly, cnnning. Sub-traef [L. sub, under, trahere (p.p,

Eraclus), to draw], withdraw, take away, Snbtrac'tion.

Sub'tra-hend [see Subtract], sum or number to be taken away.

Sub'urb pi. JM&, near, urhSy a city], outlying part 01 a city or town. Subui'ban.

Sub-ven'tion [L. sub, under, vm^re (sup. venium), to come], grant of money iu aid,

Sub-ver'sion, an overturning, Subver'sive. Sub-verf [L. sub, under, vertere (p.p. versus),

to turn], overturn. Sub'way [L. sub, under, and Way], under­

ground passage, Suc-ceed' [L, succedere (p.p. snccessus),

to succeed; sub, near, cedere, to go], follow, prosper,

Suc-cess's favourable issue, good fortune, thing or person that turns out well.

Suc-ees'ffion, a following in order, series. Suc-ces'sivc, following in a line or series. Suc-ces'sor, one who follow3 another, Suc-cinct' [L. S2icci7idvsy p.p. of sucdngere,

to gird up ; sub, under, cingere, to gird], brief, concise.

Suc'co-ry [corruption of Chicory (q.v.)].

Suc'cour [L. succiirsiu^y succour; sub, near, currcre, to run], to help ; aid, relief.

Suc'cu-Ienfc [L. succus, juice], juicj. Suc'eu-lence.

Succumb' [L. suby under, cumbere, to lie], yield, submit.

Such [O.E. swi/lc, h\ swd, so, -lie, -like], of a like kind, of that Mod.

Suck [O.E. S'^can], draw in with the mouth, roll about in the mouth; act of suekiug, opportunity of sucking the breast,

Sack'le, give suck to. Suck'ling, unweaned bftbe or animal. Suc'tion [L. sUgere (p.p. snctm\ to suck],

act of sucking, production of partial vacuum by removing air,

Su'da-to-ry [L. sudare, to sweat], promoting perspiration; hot-air batU-

Sud'den [L, subiianeus^ sudden; siih, under, ire (sup, lij^m), to go], unexpected, abrupt, quick. Sud'denness-

Su-dor-ific [L. sudor, sweat; facere, to make], causing sweat. [water.

Suds [O.E. s&othan, to seethe], froth of soapy Sue [L. seqiii, to follow], follow up, prosecute

in law-court, woo. Su'et [0,F. seui L. sebum, tallow], hard fat

of osen and sheep, Suffer [L. sufjerre, to suffer; sub, under,

ferre, to carry], bear, feel pain. SMfer-ance, toleration, tacit consent, Suf-fice' (l) [L, sub, undor,/acere, to make],

be enough. Sui-fl'cien-cy iici^isliy \LJj, sufficientia; see

Suffice], adequate amount. Suf-fl'cient(ia>=wA), enough. Suffix [L. sub, tinder, figeie (p.p. fixus), to

fix], letter or syllable added to the end of a word.

Sui'So-cate [L. suff5c5.Te (p.p. suffvcCiUis); sub, under, fauces, the xliroat], choke by stopping breathing. Suffoca'tion.

Suf fra-gan [L. sxifjragium, a vote], assistant bishop, bishop In relation to Ids arch­bishop.

Suf Jrage [L. sufjriigium, a vote], vote, right of Toting,

Suffra-^st, one strongly in favour of an extension of voting,

Suf-fuse' (s~z) [L. sub, under, fundere (p.p./2?5«s), to pour], overspread as with fluid. [suffused.

Suf-fu'sion, a suffusing, that which is Su'gar (5=5/0 [Arab, snklcar; Pers. shalcar,

sugar], sweet crystalline substance. Su'gary.

Suj7-gesf [Ii, sub, under, gerere (p.p. gestus), to bring], cause to be thought of, hint.

SufZ-ges'tion, presentation of an idea, a hint, Suff-ges'tive, containing suggestion. Su'i-cide [L, sul, of himself, cccdere^ to kill],

seU-murder, one who kills himself, Suicid'al.

Suit [O.F, s^litc, a following; L. sequi, to follow], Buing, legal prosecution, a set; make or be fitting.

Suit'a-ble» fitting, appropriate.

Suite 209 Supine Suite(«!=«?££.') [F, suite (as Suit)], company

of attendants, set oi tilings- belonging together,

Suif or, one who sues, petitioner, wooer. Sulk [bac^ foi-mation from Sulky], be silently

sullen. Sul'ky [O.E. .^olcen slothful], sullen, sileni

from ill-humour. Sullen [il-B.'and 0.]?, solain, lonely; L,

soluSy alone], ploomy-tempered, passively resentful. Sul'lenness.

Sul'Iy [O.E. sylian^ fr. sol^ mire], to soil, darken.

Sul'phur [L. sulphnTf sulphui-], yellow non-metallic element. [tion,

Sul-phur-efc'tedi having sulphur in combina-Sul-phu'ric acid, sfcroug acid sometimes

called vitriol or oil of vitriol. Sul-phur'eous, Sul'phu-ious, contahiing

sulphur. Sulphurous acid, the acid form­ing the fumes of burning sulphur.

Sul'tan [Arab.', sultan^ victorious, also a ruler], ruler of a Mohammedan state.

Sul-ta'na [It. sultmia^ fern, of sultano^ sultan], wife, mother, or daughter of a sultan, kind oi raisin grown at Smyrna.

Sul'try [formerly swcltri/\ O.E. sweltan, to die], hot and oppressive. Sul'triness.

Sum [L. summai sum (orig. fern, of summvs, highest)], amount, quantity of money, problem to be solved; add.

Su'mac(/t) [Sp.' sumaque; Arab, summaq, sumach], leaves used in tanning.

Sum'ma-ry [L. sum7naj sum], brief account; brief,

Sum'ma-rize, sum up, sia-te briefly. Sum-ma'tion [L. summdre (p.p. summ&tiisy^

to sum], finding of total. Sum'meE [O.E. sutnorl^ warmest season;

spend the summer. Sum'met-sault, Sum'mer-set [see Som'ei-

sault]. Sum'mit [L. summus, highest], top. Sum'mon [0.1'. ' somoner; L. sub^ under,

privately, monere^ to warn], call, bid, cite. Sum'mons [O.E. semonse, orig. fern. p.p. of

semoiidTC^ to summon], urgent call; serve with summons.

Siimp'ter [Gk. sagma^ pack-saddle], pack-horse or driver.

Sump'tu-a-ry [L. 'sampiusj expense], limiting expense. [luxuiious,

Sump'tu-ous [L. sumptus, expense], costly, Sun [O.E. sunne'; cf. Du. zon\ Ger.5on«e],

source of light and heat; expose to the sun. Sun'day [O-E, sunnan dag, day of the sunj. Sun'der [O.E. simdrian, fr. smidor^ asunder],

to part, separate. [various. Sun'dry [O.E. syndrig. See Sunder], several, Sun'ny, pertaining to the sun, bright. Sun'rise, time when the sun. appears above

the horizon. Sun'set, time when the sun goes down. Snn'stroke, prostration from exposure to

the sun. Sup [O.E. sApan]^ take by spoonfuls, take

supper; mouthful of liquid.

Su'per-apbun'dance [L. super, beyond, and Abundance], excess.

Sa'pei-an'nu-ate [formerly superamiate\ L. super, beyond, annus^ a year], dismiss or pension off as too old. Superannua'tion.

Su-perb' [L. superbus, proud], grand, magnifi­cent.

Su'per-car'go [L. sitper, above, and Cargo], oiEcer in a merchant ship who manager the sales.

Sa-per-cil'i-ous [L. superciliumj eyebrow; super, above, d.lium, eyelid], lofty with pride, disdainful,

Su-per-ei-o-ga'tion [L, supererogare (p.p. supererogdtus), pay out in excess; super, beyond, e (ex), out, rogare, to ask], doing of more than is rcquirecl.

Su-per-fl'cial (ici=ish), on the surface. Sn-per-fl'cies [iJ. super, above, facias, face],

surface. Su'per-flne [L. super, beyond, and Fine], very

^ e , too fine. Su-per'flu-ous [L. super, ovev^Jluere, to flow],

more than is wanted, needless. Su-pe>hu'man [L. super, above, humdnus,

human], above what is human. Su-per-in-tend' [L. aw^er, above, intendere,

apply the mind to], oversee with authority. Superintend^ence.

Su-per-in-tend'ent, overseer, manager. Su-pe'ri-ot [li. superior, comp. of superus^

high; super, above], higher, better, con­sciously better; one who surpasses another, head of a monastery, [vantage,

Sa-pe-ri-or'i-ty, hisher position, etc., ad-Su-per'la-tive [L. super, beyond, I5,tus,

p.p. otferre, to bear], in the highest degree. Su'per-man [L. super, beyond, and Man],

ideal man, overman of JTietzsche's phil­osophy. [lofty.

Su-per'ntd [L. supemus, upper], heavenly, Su-pet-nat'u-ral [L. super, beyond, natura^

nature], beyond nature, miraculous. Su-per-nu'mer-a-ry [L. super, beyond,

numerus, number], beyond the number stated; extra person engaged.

Su-per-scribe' [L. super, above; scrXbere (p.p. SfTiptus), to write], write above or upon,

Su-per-sorip'tion, a writing above or upon. Sa-per-sede' [L. super, beyond, sedere (sup.

sessum), to sit], replace, displace. Su-per-aes'sion [see Supersede], replacement

by another. Su-per-sti'tion [IJ. supersiitio; super, above,

stare (sup. stalum), to stand], irrational fear of, or reverence for, the unknown. Supersti'tious.

Su-per-vene' [E. super, over, and vemre, to come], come as something additional or as an interruption. Superven'tion.

Su-per-vise' [L.super,oveT,videre (p.p.vlju^), to see], oversee, superintend.

Su-pe^vi'sion, superintendence, charge. Su-per-vi'sor, overseer. Su'pine [L. suplnus; fr. root of super, above],

(verbal noun), lying on the back, listless.

Supper 210 Suspension Sup'per [O.F. soper, to &up], ereaing meal. Sup-plant' PJ. suppUxnlure; sub, under,

planta, sole of foot], to displace. Snp'ple [L, siipplcx, supple; sub, under,

plicdre, to fold], pliant, bending. Sup'ple-ment [L. suppUmcntum, a filling up ;

5u6, under, up, plcre, to fill], that whicli seryea to complete or inafee perfect.

Sup-ple-menf, add something to. [thing. Sup-ple-men'ta-ry, added to supply some-Snp'pli-anfc or Sup'pli-cant \^. sv.ppliant,

pr.p. of supplier; L. supplicare, to beseech], entreating; one who entreats.

Bup'pli-cate [L. supplicdre (p.p. supplicatus), to beseech ; supplex (supplic-is), bending under], make humble petition to or for.

Sup-pli-ca'tion, humble prayer. Sup-ply' [L. suppl&re, to fill up ; sub, under,'

plere^ to fill], fill up, provide; that which supplies a want, stock.

Sup-port' [li. supportare; sub, under, por-tdre, to carry], hold up, endure, aid; means of living, prop, aid, Suppor'taWe.

Sup-pose' [L. suppOnere (p.p. suppositus), to substitute lor; sub, under, pSnere, to place], assiune to be true, believe. Suppos'eflly.

Sup-po-si'tion, that which, is supposed. Sup-po-si-ti'tiou3, substituted for the real,

spurious. Sup-presa' [L. supprimere (p.p. suppressus),

to suppress; sub, nndevtpr&nere, to press], put down, stop, conceal, restrain.

Sup'pU-rate [L. suppurare (p.p. suppuTatus)^ to suppurate; sub, under, pUs (pUr-is), matter], fonn pus, fester, Suppuia'tioQ.

Su-prem'a-cy, highest authority.-Su-preme' [h. sicpremus, highest, superl. of

superiis, high], highest, greatest. Sa'rah [perb. from Surat in India], kind of

soft twilled silk. Sur-cease' [O.F, surseoir (p.p. sursis), to

delay _; L. super, oyer, sedere, sitj, cease ; cessation.

Sur-chaige' fP. s^ir, over, charger, to load], overcharge, amount in official account not allowed by auditor and having to be refunded by person responsible, too great a load; overload, exact additional charge.

Surd [iJ. surdus^ deaf], quantity which cannot be expressed by rational numbers.

Sure (s=sh) [O.F, sur, L, sScUrus, free from care], certain, safe, positive.

Suie'ty (s=sh), security, person answerable for another.

Sur£ [earlier su^e; perh. var. of Sough], sea breaMng on shore.

Sur'face [L. super, above, fades, the face], outside, that which has length and breadth but no thickness.

Sur'fcit [O.F. sorfait, orig. p.p. of sorfaire, to augment; L. super, above, faccre, to make], escess, esp. in eating and diinidng; indulge to excess. [billow,

Surge [I/, surgere, to rise], billow; move as a Sur'geon [short for Ghirurgcon, doctor who

performs operations.

Sur'ge-ry [Gk. chdrouruia^ surgery; chelr^ the hand, crgcin, to v.'ork], surgical work, surgeon's room.

Sur'gi-cal, pertaining to surgery. SuCly [prob, fr. Sour], gloomy and ill-

natured, rude. Sur'Uness. Sur-niise' s=s) [0.^. surmise, orig. fem, p.p<

of surmeitre, put uiHin; L. svpcr, above, mittere, to put], gae?.=!; to piess, infer,

Sur-mounf [F. sur (1^ super), over, mouter, to mount], overcome, be on top of, get over. Surmount'able.

Sur'name [F. sur (L. super), over, and Name], added name, family name.

Sur-pass' [F- sur (L. super),^beyond, passer, to pass], go beyond, excel.

Sur'plice (ice=iss) [Late L. superpelHceum; L. supeTf over, pellicius, made of skins], clei^yman's or chorister's white over-dress.

Sur'plus [L. super, over, plus, more], what remains over, Sur'plusage.

Sur-prise' (s=2) 10. P. surprise, orig. fcm, p.p. of surprenare, to surprKe; L. super, upon, preliendere, to seize], act of taking unexpectedly, astonishmt^nt, tliafc which causes astonishment; take unawares,

Sur-ren'der [O.F. surreJidre, to surrender; L. super, over, reddere, to restore], yield; a yielding.

Sur-rep-ti'tious [L. surripere (p.p. surreptus), to pilfer; sub, under, rapere, to seize], underhand, stealthy,

Sur-round' [orig. siiround, meaning to over­flow ; O.F, suronder, L. superundare, to overflow; super, over, and utiddre, to flow], come or be all round, enclose.

Sur'tax [F, sur (L. super), over, and Tax], addi­tional tax; impose such,

Sui-veil'lance isuT-'cail''>ja-ns) [F, surveiUer, to superintend; L. supc); over, vigildre, to watch], watch, supervision.

Sur-vey* [0,F. souneior; L. super, over, videre, to see], take a view of, measure and examine (land), description.

Sur'vey» general view, examination. Sui-ve/or, overaeer, one who surveys or

measures land. Sur-vi'val, remaining person or thing from

earlier time. SuE-vive' [L. super, beyond, vlvcre, to live],

outlive, remain alive. Sur-vi'vor, one who survives. SAis-cep'ti-blc, Sus-cep'tive [L. mscipere

(p.p. susceptus), to undergo; sub, under, capere, to take], capable of impression, liable. Susceptihil'ity.

Sus-pecf [L. suspicere (p.p. suspccius), to suspect; sub, under, speccrc, to look], imagine to exist, to distrust; one suspected of crime.

Sus-pend' [L. sub, under, pendere (sup. pensum), to hang], hang, delay, cause to withdraw for a time.

Sus-pend'ers, braces, elastics attached to tops of stocking^.

Sus-peaso', anxious uncertainty, a stop. Sus-pen'sion, a withholding, a Btop.

Suspension 211 Sycamore Sus-pen.'aion-bridge, bridge Lung wUlioufe

central piers. Sus-pi'cion, distrust and doubt, slight or

uncertain belief. Sus-pi'eious [L. suspiddsm; see Suspect],

full of suspicion, distrustful. Sus-piie' [O.F, sonspirer; L. suspirarc, to

sigh], (poet.) to sigh. Sos-tain' [L. sub, under, tenere, to hold],

upholdj support, Sus'te-nance, support, food. Sus-ten-ta'tion, support, upkeep. Sutler [Du. zoctelaar^ scullion, sutler], one

who follows an army and sells provisions to troops,

Sut-tee' [Slot. sat% a virtuous wife], burning of a Hindu widow on a funeral pile, the widow so burned.

Su'ture [L. snere (p.p. sStus), to sew], a sewing together (in surgerj), seamlike

, joining of bones (as in skull). Su'ze-tain [L. sursum^ upward; s«S, under,

versus, turned], a superior (of a prince, etc.). Su'zerainty,

Swat [Back formation, fr. swabber, Du. zwaJjbcT, drudge of a ship], mop for cleaning decfe, etc.; clean with a swab.

Swad'dle [O.B. swethel, swaddling-band; cogn. with Swathe], swathe in bandages.

SwE^ger [fr. obs. swag, to sway], walk with a grand air, brag.

Swain [O.N. sveinn, a boy; cf. O.E. sw&n\ a rustic, lover.

Swal'IouJ (a=S) [O.E. swaJeioe; ef. Du. zwaluw'], long-winged migratory bird.

Sw^'Ioiw [Ar.E. swolwen, swelwen; O.E. swelgan, cause or allow to pass down the throat.

Swamp (a—S) [cf. O.E. swamm, fungus, and dial. E. sump, puddle], wet spongy land ; become filled with water, sink.

Swan (fl=ff) [O.E. swati; cf. Ger. schwaTi], long-necked water-bird. [ground.

Sward (a—aw) [O.E. sweard, skin], lawn-like Swarm(a=aii))[O.E.5wettrm; cLJin,zwerm;

Ger. schivartn], large number of bees, etc., a throng; move in a swarm, to throng.

Swaim [?], climb by using hands and knees. Swarth'y (a=:ffw) [obs. stoarth, fr. O.E. sweart^

dark-hued], dark-complexioned, Swash [iaiit.], (arch.) strike violently, wash

about, make sound of anything washing about. '

Swash-buckler ( a = ^ , buUy, lit. one who flourishes a sliield. i

Swath (a^ati) [O.E. swceth, swathu, a track; cogn. with Low Ger, swade, a scythe], line of cat grass or corn,

Swathe [ir.E. stcaihoi.; O.E. swathii, a track], enclose in wraps or cloths.

Sway [AI-E. sweiyen\ 'cf. Swed. svaja, to jerk], swing, wave, rule, influence; swing­ing motion, rule.

Swear (ea=ai) [O.E. sylvian, to speak, to swejir], take an oath, cause to take oath, promise on oath, declare earnestly, use profane oaths.

Sweat [O.E, swat, sweat (noun)], emit moisture from the pores, to toil, to employ at starvation wages; moisture on the skin.

Sweat'er, one who sweats, thick woollen jersey.

Sweep [Sr.E. sivepen, fr. O.E. swdpan, to swoop], brush with a broom, glide swiftly, stretch in a curve; range of a stroke, long oar, one who sweeps, esp. chimneys.

Sweet [O.E, sw^te; cf. Du. zoet *, Ger. siiss], tasting like sugar, pleasant, fresh; sweet­meat, (pi.) sweet dishes, delights.

Sweef meat, confection, Swell [O.E. siBcllan; cf. Ger. sdhitsellen'],

increase in size or volume, bulge; increase, flow of tlie sea, person of distinction or exceptionally well-dressed.

Swel'ter [O.E. sweltan, to die], be faint or moist with heat.

Swerve [O.E. sweorfan, to rub; ct O.N. swerfa, to file], go off a regular line.

Swift [O.E. swtfan, to move quickly], quick, rapid; kind of bird.

Swill [O.E. swilian, to wash], rinse, drink greedily; pigsMiquidfood.

Swim [O.E, swimmaTi], more in water by strokes; act of swimming.

Swim [O.E. swima, a swoon], be dizzy. Swim'ming-ly, with ease. Swin'dle [fr. Swindler], cheat deliberately;

fraudulent scheme, Swin'dler [Ger. scMmridler, visionaiy projec­

tor, swindler, schwindeln, to be d^zy], one who cheats.

Swine [O.E, swin^ cf. Ger. schwein, pig], pigs.

Swing [O.E. swiiUfan], moYe to and fro, whirl, hang so as to be fi-ee to swing, swaying motion, swinging seat.

Swinge (ge—j) [O.E. sicengan, causative of swingan, to swing], (archaic) beat, whip.

Swinge'ing, huge. Swi'nish [see Swine], piggish, gross. Swink [O.E, swincani, (archaic) toil. Swipe [O.E. swipian, to beat], hit cricket-

ball, etc., with sweeping stroke. Swirl [jSTorw. svirla, to whirl round, ireq.

of suerra, tohum, whirl], wliirl; eddy. Swish [imit;.], cufc the air with a cane, etc. Switch [SI.Du. sioick, a whip], flexible twig,

tres3 of dead hair, movable part of a rail, device for shifting an electric current; whip, transfer by a switch.

Swiv'el [O.E. swifan, to move quickly], ring tliafc turns round on a pin,

Swoon [MiE. sicozinen; O.E. swdgan, to sough], to faint; fainting fit.

Swoop [O.E. sicdpan, to rush], come down as a hawk; act of swooping.

Sl^ord((5or5) [O.^.sweord; ef. Ger. scliwert], long weapon with a cutting blade.

Syb'ar-ite [Gk. Sybantes, inhabitant of Syharisi, luxurious and effeminate person.

Syc'a-more [earlier si/comore, Gk. sycomoras, a sycamore; sycon, fig, moron, mulberry], large timber-tree, fig-tree of Syria and Egypt,

Sycophant 212 Tack Syc'o-phant [Gk. sycophantes, inXoimer; perh.

fr. Uk. sycon, fig, and p?iainem, to show], mean flatterer. Sycophan'tic, Sy'cophancy,

Syl-lah'ic, uttered in syUables. Syl'Ia-hle [Gk. sylJabe^ syllable; syn-, to­

gether, lamhandn, to take], word or part of a word that can. be prouoonced by itself but cannofc be broken up into similar parts; pronounce by syllables, feramme.

Syl'la-bus (as Syllable), an abstract, pro-Syl'lo-gism [O.P. silogime; L. syllogismus\ Q-k.

syllogismos; Gk. syl- (syn-\ together, logi-zesthai, to reason; logos^ discourse, reason­ing], a form of reasoning from premises.

Sylph [F. sylphe; perh, Gk. silphSj kind of beetle], fairy, slender, graceful woman.

Syl'van, Sil'van [L. silvat a wood], pertaining to a wood.

Sym'bol [Gk, symholon^ a token; syn-, together, hallein^ to throw], visible sign of an idea, character. Symbol'ical, Sym'-bolism.

Sym-met'ric, Sym-mefric-al, with corre­spondence of arrangement.

Sym'me-try [Qk. symmetria; syn-, with, metTOUy a measure], due proportion of parts, balance or correspondence of parts.

Sym-path-et'ic, full of, expressing sympathy. Sym'pa-thize, feel or express pity for, Sym'pa-thy [Gk. synvpathda; syn-, with,

patheirij to suffer], fellow-feeling, pity. Sym'pho-ny [Gk. symphmia; syn-^ together,

phone, sound], harmony, an orchestral composition. Symphon'ic, Sympho'nious.

Sym-po'si-um (o, s=z) [Gk. symposion; syn-, together, posis, a drmkiag], drinMng-party, contributions from several authors on one subject,

Symp'tom [Glc symptdma, casualty, symp­tom ; ji/ft-, together,pip?«"n, tofaU], sign of the existence of something. Symptoma'tie,

Syn'a-gogwe [Gk, sj/nagSge; syji-, together, agein^ to bimg], Jewish place o£ worship, Jewish congregation,

• Syn'c7iron-ism [Gk. syn-^ together, chronos, time], occurrence at one time. Syn'-c72ionizef Syn'c/'ronons,

Syn'co-pate, shorten by taking from the middle of a word, invert rhythm.

Syn'co-pe [IJ. synwpS, Gk. sygcops, syn­cope; Gk. 5!/n-, together, copteinj to cut], syncopated spelling, a fainting.

Syn'dic [Gk. syndicos\ syn, together, dice, justice], ofBcial of kind dilieringin diflierent countries and at different times, [etc,

Sya'di-cato, association of commercial firms, Sya-cc'do-che (ch=Ic) [Gk. synecdoche; syn,

together, ecdechesthai, to take], figure of speech by which a part represents the whole, or a whole the part.

Syn'od [Gk. synodos; syn, together, Twdos, a way], church court Sya'odal, Synod'icaU

Syn'o-nym [Gk. synonymos, of like meaning; syn-, together, onyma, a name], word having the same meaning as another.

Syn-on'y-moufl [see Synonym], having the ame meaning.

Syn-op'sia [Gk. synopsis; syn-, together, opsis, sight], general view, an abstract, summary. Synop'tical.

Syn'tas (Gk. syntaxis; syn-, with, lasso, order], arrangement of words in speech or writing, sentcnce-constrnction. Syn-tao'tical,

Syn'thes-ia pi. Syntheses), putting together. Syn-thet'ic [Gk. syn-, with, tithenai, to put],

built up of separate elements into a whole. Syr-in'ga [fr. Syringe], flowering shrub. Syr'inge [L. syrinx, Qk. sj/ri/ a;, arced,pipe],

tube and piston for injecting liquid; inject by a syringe.

Syr'up, Sir'up [Arab, sharab, beverage], sweet, thick fluid.

Sys'tem [Gk. systema; syn-, together, •\-ste, root of stenai, to stand], set of con­nected things or parts, plan.

Sys-tem-a'tic, System-at'ic-al, planned. Sya'tem-a-tize, arrange methodicaUy.

Taal [Dn. taal, language]. Cape Dutch speech. Tab [perh. cogn. with Tape], small flap,

luggage label, Tab'ard [O.P, tabaH; etym. unknown],

herald's cloak. Tab'by i'^- tahis, Sp. iahi, Arab. uiCihl,

watered silk], \7atered silk, mottled or streaked cat, esp. female,

Tab'er-na-cle [L. tabemaculum, a tent, tahema, a hut], slightly built or movable dwelling.

Ta'ble [L. tabula, a board, table], slab, article of furniture with a flat top, list.

Tab'leau (eau~o) [F. tableau, picture], silent dramatic group,

Ta'ble-land, high, level area. Tablet [M.Ii. iabnleia., dim. o£ L. iahulu, a

table], small slab, thin sheet of ivory, wood, etc., for writing; Mnd of con­fection.

Tabloid, drug compressed into form of small disk or peliet.

Ta-boo', Ta-bu' [Polyn. tabu], a forbidding of approach to or contact with a person or thing; prohibited, sacred; forbid.

Ta'bor [Arab, tambur, lute, drum], small drum,

Tab'u-lar [see Table], arranged in tables, broad and flat.

Tab'n-late (see Table), form into a table or tables,

Ta'cifc [IJ. tacitus, silent, iacere, to be silent], silent, unexpressed but implied,

Ta'ci-turn [L. tacitumus^ taciturn, tacitus, silent], silent, reserved, Taeitur'nity.

Tack [doublet of archaic tachc, clasp, hook; 0.5". taxhe, nail], small nail, rope for secur­ing a corner of a sail, also the corner, course of a ship in relation to wind, change of course ; fasten by tacks, change a ship's course.

Tackle 213 Tapioca Taclc'le [M.E. talel, tackle; O.N. taka, to

seize], apparatus, esp. for lifting weights, managing sails, etc.; grapple with.

Tact [L.'tan(/ere (p.p. tactiis), to touch], intuitive perception of the right thing to do. - [manager.

Tac-ti'ciah (d=sJi) [see Tactics], skilful Tac'tics [Gk. tactica, matters pertaining to

arrangement, tassein^ to arrange], art of dispcHing forces, plan of action,

Tad'pole [M.E. tadpoUe, tadpole, i.e. Toad and Poll (head)], young of a frog, etc.

Taf'fe-ta [Ifc. taffetd,; Pers. tdftah^ twisted; tdfian, to twist], silken or linen fabric.

TaS'rail [Du. tafercel, dim. of tafel, table], upper part of a ship's stern.

Tag [perh; Swed. tagg^ a prickle, tooth], appendage, metal point at the end of a lace, hackneyed quotation ; to tack.

Tail [O.B. tceg(e)l; cf. O.K. tagl; Swed. tagcl], hindmost part, appendage.

Tail [0.]?. taille, a cutting; see Tally], estate limited to certain heirs.

Tail'or [F. tailler; Late L. tdledre^ to cut], maker of clothes, esp. men's. Tail'oress.

Taint [i^. tem% n.and p.p. of teindre^ to tinge; L. tingere^ to tinge], infect, to stain; a stain, corrupt condition.

T^o [O.H. talca, to take], lay hold of, accept, gain, under&taud, jump over, consider, conduct, convey, be effective; a catch.

Talc [F. (aZc, Ai-ab. Mq, talc], soft, smooth mineral (silicate of jnagnesium), also mica.

Tale [O.E. talu, a number, a story; cogn. •with Tell], story, a number.

Tal'ent [Gk, talanton^ a balance], special gift, faculty, ancient weight and denomination of money.

Ta'les tail'ecs) [L. tales (de circumstantibus), such (of those standing round); L. talis, such], jurors added to supply deficiency.

Tal'is-man [Arab, tilsamdn (pi. of tilsam^ a talisman]; Late Qk. ielcsma^ mystery], magical charm. Talisman'ic.

Talk (al=av) [M.E. tan:€n\ cogn. with Tale], converse, speak, discuss ; conversa­tion, rumour.

Talk'a-tivc (al—aw\ given to talking. Tall (a=aw) [perh. Celtic, or O.E. getcsl,

Bwilfc; cf, W. and Corn, tal, high], of more than common height.

Tal'low [M.E. and M. Du. talgh; cf. Ger., Dan., Swed., talg, hard fat refined.

Tal'ly [F. iaille^ a notch, tailler, to cut; Late L. taieare, to cut, talea, a slip of wood], account kept by notches on wood, counter­part ; correspond.

Tal'on [Late L. tdlo (talon-is) *, L. talus, ankle], claw of a bird of prey,

Tam'a-rind [3p. tamarindo, fr. Arab, tamrt a ripe date, IIiTid, India], a tropical tree, its fruit.

Tam'fl-risk [L. tamariscus ; etym. doubtful], evergreen shrub.

Tam'bour [F. tawhouT, a drum; Arab. timbur, drum (prob. imit.)], drum, em­broidery frame,

Tam-bou>ine' (ine=^een) [F. tamhourin^ -\ dim. of tambour^ a drum], small one-sided ' drum with bells,

Tame [O.E. tarn; cf. Du., Swed., Dan., tarn; Ger, zahYi], not wild, spiritless; make tame.

Tam'man-y Tammani; Hall, New York, is central office of ' U.S. Democratic Party], political corruption. [alter.

Tam'per [var. of Temper]) meddle so as to Tam'pi-on [O.F. tampon^ bung], wooden

stopper for gun muzzle. Tan [F, tan\ Med.L. tannum], bruised bark,

yellowish-brown colour; turn sMns into leather with tan, etc., brown by exposure to the sun.

Tan'dem [L. tandem, at length (orig. facetious use)], one behind another; vehicle with horses so harnessed.

Tangi [M.E. tang, a sting; cogn. with Tang ^], strong taste,

Tang 2 [O.N", and Norw. tange, part of knife that goes into the handle], point, projec­tion, esp. part inserted in handle.

Tang 3 [imit.], make twanging sound. Tang 4 [see Tangle], kinds of seaweed. Tan'gent [L, tayigere, to touch], straight line

touching but not cutting a curve. Tangen'tial,

Tan'gi-ble [L. tangere, to touch], perceptible to touch, real. Tan'giljil'ity.

Tan'gle [Ban. tang, seaweed; cf. O.N. thang, seaweed], unite confusedly; confused knot, large seaweed,

Tank [Port, tanque', L. stagnum, a pool], large vessel for liquid, gas, etc. (milit.) motor veliicle with guns.

Tank'ard [cf. F, ianguart; M. Du. tanckdrt; etym. doubtful], large drinldng-vessel.

Tan'ner, one who tans hides for leather. Tau'nin [F, tanin; see Tan], acid got from

oak-bark, etc. Tau'sy [Late L, and Gk. athanasia,

immortality; Gk. a-, not, tJianatos, death], aromatic herb.

Tan'ta-lize [Gk. Tantalos, character in mythology, who was condemned to stand up to cMn in water, which receded when he tried to drink], tease with hopes of good that keeps beyond reach. Tan-taliza'tion.

Tan'ta-mount [F. tans; L. tantus, so much, and Amount], equal in value or efleofc.

Tau'trum [?], display of temper, Tap 1 [F. tapper, to tap; Low G. tappen, to

grope], str&e lightly; gentle stroke. Tap2 [O.E. tcBppa; cf. Du. tap; O.N. tappQ,

hole or pipe through wliich liquor is drawn; draw liquid from, insert a tap. [linen.

Tape [O.E. txppe], narrow band of cotton or Ta'per [O.E. taper; cf. Ir. tapar; W.

tampr'], small wax candle ; become small towards one end.

Tap'es-try [F. tapisserie, tap^try; tapis, carpet], textile with pictorial designs.

Tap-i-o'ca [Braz. tapioka; tipioca^ juice of cassava; tipi^ dregs, 5h, to squeeze], starchy, granular food-stuff.

Tapir 214 Teetotum Ta'pir [I3raz. tapira^ a tapir], hoofed aniinal

with long muzzle. Tap'ster [see Tap J, man employed to draw

aud seryc liquor. Tar [O.E. teoru; cogn. with Tree], tMck liquid

from wood aud coal; smear with tar, Tar-an-tel'la, Tar-an-telle' [It. TaraiUo, in

Italy], a quick whirling Italian dance. Tar'dy [-L. tardus, slow], slow, late, reluctant. Tare [Arab, tarhahy what is thrown away],

allowance made from gross weight of goods for enclosing case.

Tare [Ar,E. tare -fyiche)^ wheat-vetch; cf. Du. tarwe, wlieat], tind of weed, vetch.

Tar'get fOJ^. targai a target], small shield, mark to shoot at.

Tar'iS [Sp, tanfa, list of prices ; Arab, ta^nf, notification], scheme of duties on goods.

Tar'lartan [I*, tarlatane*, etym. doubtful], thin, cotton dress-material.

Tain [O.N. tjOrn, tarn, pool], mountain lake. Tai'nish [F. teniir (pr.p. temissant\ to dim,

perh. nr. O.H.G. tami, secret], lessen or lose lustre; stain.

Tar-pau'lin [Tar and palliTig, covering. See Pidl], tarred canvas or other waterproof.

Tar'ryp covered with or lilco tar. Ta'rry'C^ [orig. obscm-e], stay behind, delay. Tart rE.], sharp, sour, [ii"uit-pie. Tart tl' * tartCj an open tar t ; Med. L. tarta]^ Tar'tan [?], woollen fabric with crossing

stripes, pattern on the fabric, Tar'tar [Late L. tartarum; Arab, durd,

dregs], deposit from wine, incrustation on the teeth.

Task [Late L. tasca, a task; L. taxdre, to tax], set piece of work; impose a task on, to strain.

Tas'sel [perh. L. taxillus^ small die, dim. of talus, knucldG-bone, die made of Imuckle-bone], tuft of loose threads or cords.

Taste [O.P. taster, to feel, taste; L. taxdre, intensive fonn of tangere, to touch], try by eating or drinking a little, have a llavour; sensation in the mouth, liking, power of perceiving excellence, style.

Tasf y, of jjlsasant flavour. [rags. Taftet [cf. O.W. ibtraVt rags], rag; tear to Taf ting [?], kind of knotted thread-work. Tat'tle [E., imit.], talk idly; idle talk. Tat-too' [Du. taptoe; tap, tap, toe, to shut

(referring to closing of public house)], beat of drums or bugle-call recalling sokUers to quarters.

Tat-too'[TaMtian,fa(au, tattoo],prick colour-marks into the skin.

Tannt [prob. fr. F. tant pour tant, so much for so much; L. tantum^ so much], jeer a t ; insulting reproach. [tight.

Taut [iI.B. togt, prob. p.p. of togen, to pull], Tau-tQl'o-gy [Qk. tautologia; to auto, the

same, logos, discourse], repetition of the same meaning in different words. Tauto-log'ical.

Tav'ern [L. tahenia, a hut], public-house. Taw [O.E. taician, to prepare], make leather

by soaking skins in alum, etc,

Taw [perh. Gk. letter T (tau)], game at marbles, line fi'om wliich marbles are played, marble to play with.

Taw'dry [orig. bought at St Aiidrt/s fair in Isle of Ely], cheap and showy. Taw'dri-

Taw'ny[A.P.ifltmg; O.V.Lm^\ fr.(an,tan], dull yellowish brown.

Tax [L. iaxurei to taz], government ohajge on persons, property, etc., demand; im­pose taxes, to strain, to chaise (with). Tax'aWe.

Tax'i-cab [F. taxe^ tariff, and Cah], cab in which faro is indicated by taximeter.

Tax'i-der-my [Q-k. taxis, arrangement, derma, skin], preparing and mountmg skins of animals. Tax'iSermist.

Tax-im'e-ter [F. 'ff^, tarifi;, and Metre], indicator of distance travelled and Tare due,

Tea [Ohin. ie, ch'a, ts'a], prepared leaves of a shrub, infusion of these leaves, meal includin^tea.

Teach [OJD. tcscan\, impart knowledge, Teach'able. [wood.

Teak [Malayalam teMca], tree with strong Teal \M.'E. tele, etym. dub.], small v/ild duck. Team [O.E. tiam, a family, a set; cf, Ger.

zaum, a bridle], beasts ol burden liamessed together, set of players on a side.

Team'ster, driver of a team, [eye, Tear [O.E. tiar, tt^r], drop of fluid from the Tear(ea=ai) [O.E. teran; cf. Ger.ceArfJi],pull

apart, rend, to become torn; a rent. Tease (s=z) [O.E. tctsan^ to pluck], vex aud

irritate, pull apart fibres. Teat [O.E. tete; E. tctte; Low G. tittc, a teat],

nipple of a female, Tech'nic-al (cli=lc) [Gk. techne, art], per­

taining to an art, sciouce, or handicraft. Technickl'ity.

TecU-nia'iKe (i^ee), Tech'nics [Gk. tecJme, art], artistic execution.

Tech-noro-gy [Gk. techne, ar t ; logos, dis-couise], industrial science, study of the development o£ industrial science aiuong races. Technolog'ical.

Te'chy, Tet'chy [O.E. tache, blemish ; prob. of Celtic origin], peevish, touchy.

Ted \lce\. tedhja, to spread manure], spread or turn (hay) for drying,

Te'di-ous, tiresome from slowness orcouthm-auce,

Te'di-um [L. tedium, tedium; tirdet~ib wearies], weaiison^cness,

Tee [perh. ult. fr. O.'N". tja, to point outj, mark aimed at io quoits, etc., small heap of earth from which to strike the ball in golf; to place on a tee,

Teem [O.E. tpman], abound, be full, swarm. Teem [0,N", tcenia, to empty], pour from a

melting-pot. [gums. Teethe [see Tooth], have tcet-h cutting the Tee-to'tal [emphasized form of Total], abstain­

ing from intoxicants. Teeto'tjUler. Tee-to'tum [letter T and L. tdittm, the whole],

spinning toy,

Teg^ument 215 Terminate T^^n-ment [h.tcgtwneiUuin ; / fferc, to cover],

coYerkig. Tel'e-gram [Gk. tele-, far, gramma, letter

of the alphabet], m^sagc by telegraph. Tel'e-graph [Gk. tek-, far, grapTioSf written],

electrical apparatus for distant com­munication by signs; communicate by telegraph. Telegraph'ic,

Te-lep'a-tby [Gk. tele-, far, patfieiaj feeling], influence of one mind on another at a distance. Telepath'ic.

Tel'e-pbone [Gk. tele-j far, phone, sound], instrument for reproducing speech at a distance; communicate by telephone. Telephon'ic.

Tere-SCOpe [Gk. tele-, far, scopein, to look], instrument for far-seeing. Telescop'ic.

Tel'e-vi'sion [Gk. tile-, far, and Vision], the transmission and reproduction of scenes and objects instantaneously enabling one actually to witness a thing taking place at a distance.

Tell [O.E. teJlan. See,Tale], to number, narrate, impart, discern, order.

• Tell'er, bank official who receives and pays out money, counter of votes.

Tel-lu'ri-an [L. telhts (tellUr-is), the earth], pertaining to the earth.

Te-met'i-ty [L. temeriuis \ temere, rashly], rashness, boldness.

Tem'pei [L. temperare (p.p. temperdtus), to temper; tempus (tempor-is), time], prepare by combining, bring to proper hardness, soften; disposition, calmness, condition of nietal as to hardness,

Tem'pei-armenfc [L. temperamentitm; tem­perare, to temper], peculiar character of a person, Temperamen'tal.

Tem'pei-ance, moderation, ^ p , in drinking. Tem'per-ate, moderate, not too much. Tem'per-a-ture, degree of heat or cold. Tem'pest [L. tempestas, season, weather,

tempest; ife7nj5W5, time], furious storm. Tem-pest'u-ons, very stormy. [worship. Tem'ple [L. templum, a temple], place of Tem'ple [O*^- temple; L. tempora (pi.),

the temples], side of the head between forehead and ear,

Tem'po-ial '[L. tempus (tempor-is), time], pertaining to time, secular; of the temples.

Tem-por-al'i-ty, Tem'por-al-ty, property of religious corporation.

Tem'po-ra-ry [L. tempus (tempor-is), time], for a time only.

Tem.'po-me,' comply for the time. Tempt [L, teJitdre, temptare, to test, freq. of

tenere, to hold], lead into evil (arch.), test. Temp-ta'iion, act of tempting. Ten [O.E. tien; Ang. f^i], one more than nine. Ten'a-He [I/, tenere, to hold], that can be held. Te-na'cious (d—skl [L. tenax (tenac-is),

tenacious; tenere, to hold], holding fast, stubborn, Tena'city.

Ten'ant fP. te7iant, pr.p.' of tenir, to hold; L. tenSre'l, occupant imder a landlord. Ten'ancy.

ren'ant-ry, body of tenants,

Tend i [short for Attend], look after. Tend 2 [P. tendve, L. tendere, to stretch],

move towards, incline. Tend'en-cy, inclination, drift. Tend'eri [see Tendi], vessel which attends

other vessels, carriage with fuel and water attached to a locomotive. •

Ten'der 2 [see Tend 2], an offer; to offer. Ten'defS [O.F. tendre, L. tener, tender],

delicate, soft, kind. Tend'on [M.L. tendo (tcndin-is), a tendon;

tendere, to stretch], sinew. Ten'dril [L. tendere; F. tendre; etym. doubt­

ful; see Tender^], leafless portion of a plant attaching itself to other bodies.

Ten'e-ment [I/, tenere, to hold], laud held by an owner, an abode, a building divided into separate dwellings.

Ten'et, Te'net [L. tenet=h.Q holds ; tenere, to hold], opinion, doctrine.

Ten'nis [perh. P. (^ne^l hold, take this, play I tenir, to hold], game with ball and rackets.

Ten'or [L. tenor, a holding on; tenere, to hold], course, general drift, high male voice.

Tense [L-iem^iw, time], verb-form denoting time.

Tense [L. tendere (p.p. tensus), to stretch], tightly stretched, rigid,

Tea'sile [L. tensus, stretched], capable of being stretched,

Ten'sion [L. tensus, stretched], state of being stretched, mental strain.

Tent [L. tendere, to stretch], portable shelter of canvas, etc., stretched on poles.

Tent [L. tentare, to try, to probe], roll of lint used to keep a wound open.

Ten'ta-cie [Mod. L. tent&ctilum; L. tentare, to feel], a feeler, Tenta'cular,

Ten'ta-tive [L. tent5re, to try], experhnental. Ten'ter L, tenlus, stretched], frame for

stretchmg cloth, Ten'te>hooks, hooks that hold the cloth. On

tenterhooks, in a state of mental torment or suspense.

Ten'ter [see Tend i] , one who tends machines in a factory, [nous.

Te-nu'i-ty [L. tenuis, tliin], thinnras. Ten'-Ten'ure [L. tenere, to hold], right or manner

of holding. Te-O-call'i [Mes. teotl, God, calU, house],

Mexican temple. [Tepid'ity. Tep'id [L. tepidus, warm], lukewarm. Ter'e-binth [Gk. terebintTws, turpentine-tree],

turp entine-tr ee. Ter-gi-ver-aa'tion [L. tergum, the back,

versdri, freq. of vertere, to turn], desertion of principle.

Term [L. terminus, limit], bound, limited time, date on which rent is paid, etc., word or eacpression; to name.

Ter'margant [O.F. Tercagant, It. Trivi-gante, a supposed Saracen idol], fierce, violent woman,

Ter'mi-nal [L. terminus, a boundary], per­taining to the end; an end part.

Tef mi-nate [L. terminus, a boundary], to limit, end. Ter'minable.

Termination 216 Theorem Ter-mi-na'tion, end, ending. Ter-min-oro-gy [L. terminus, end, Gk. logos,

discourse], terms used in a science, etc. Terminolog'ical. [line, etc.).

Ter'mi-nus [L. tenninus, end],end (of arailway Ter'inite [L. termes (temiU-U), wood-worm;

terere, to rub], wliite ant. Tern [Dan. terne'], Mnd of sea-bird. Ter'na-ry [L. temi, by threes; trSs, three],

proceeding by threes. Ter'psi-c/ior-e'an, [Gtk. Terpsichore, Muse of

dancing], relating to dancing. Ter'race [It, terracda; It. and L. terra, earth],

raised level space, street. Ter'ra-cot'ta [It. terra cotta, bated earth;

L. terra, earth; cocta, fem, p.p. coquere, to cook, Mnd of hard pottery, brownish-red colour. [tortoise.

Ter'ra-pin [prob. Amer.-Ind.], fresh-water Ter-ra'que-ous [L. terra, earth, aqua, water],

formed of land and water. Tet-res'tri-al [L. terra, earth], earthly. Ter'ri-ble, Ter-iific [L. terrSre, to frighten],

causing terror. Ter'ri-er [Late L. terrdrius, belonging to

earth; terra, earth], small dog. Ter'ii-fy [L. ierrere, to frighten, facere, to

make], frighten. Ter-ri-to'ri-^, pertaining to territory;

member of the territorial army. Tei'ri-to-ry [L. terrUd7'ium, territoiy; terra,

earth], large extent of land. [fear. Ter'ror [L, terrere, to frighten], extreme Ter'ror-ize, force or rule by terror. Terse [L. tcrgere (p.p. tersus), to wipe, polish],

neat and concise. [third order. Ter'tia-ry (ti=570 [L. terti-us, third], of the Tea'sell-at-ed [L. tessella, a small cube, dim. of

tessera, a die], laid with checkered work. Test [L. testum, an earthen pot, esp, (M.L.)

one for trying metals in], meaia of trial, standard ; put to the proof.

Tes'ta-ment [L, testamentiim, a will; test&rl, to witness], will, each of the two main diTisions of the Bible. Teatamen'tary,

Tes-ta'tor, fem, Testa'trix [L, testarl, to witness, testis, a witness], maker of a will.

Tesfer [O.P. teste, a head; L. testa, a tile], flat canopy, esp. over four-poster bed.

Tes'ti-Iy pli. testis^ a witness, facere, to make], bear witne^.

Tes-ti-mo'ni-al, certificate of character,, gift in token of esteem.

Tes'ti-mo-ny [L. testimonium; testis, a witness], witness, evidence.

Tes'ty [O.P. testu, testy; O.F. teste, the head], fretful, easily irritated.

Tet'an-U3 [Gk. tetanm, fr. teinein, to stretch], disease marked by spasm and rigidity of many or all voluntary muscles, esp. by lockjaw. Tetan'ic.

Tet'ehy [see Techy], peevish, fretful, Teth'er [prob. O.N. tjdthr], rope confining a

grazing animal, scope ; tie with a tether. Tet'ra-gon [Gk. tetragonos, fonr-comercd;

tetra-, comb, form of tettares, four, gonia, an angle], figure with four angles.

Tet-ra-he'dron [Gk. tetra-, four, hedra, a base], triangular pyramid.

Te't^are/^ [Gk. tetrarches; tctra-, four, archein^ to rule], Boman governor of the fourth part of a province,

Text [L, texere (p.p. tco-tus), to weave], words of an author, passage of Scripture, large handwriting.

Tex'tile [L. textm, woven], of weaving; woven fabric.

Tex'ia-al [L. textm, woven], pertaining to the text. Texf ualist, one adliering to the letter of the text.

Tex'ture [L. teztus, woven], connection of interwoven threads, tissue.

Thane [O.E. theg(e)n, a soldier, a thane], (in old English hist.), one of a class between hereditary nobles and ordinary freemen.

Thank [O.E. thandan; cf. Ger. dajikcri], express gratitude; (n. pi.) expression of gratitude, Thank'fal.

That [O.E, thojt, orig. the neuter of the definite article. See The], the person or thing pointed to or undei"stood, so, who, which, conjunction introducing subordi­nate clause.

Thatch [O.E. thoec; cf. Dan, dah ; Ger. dacTi], roof of straw or rashes ; cover with thatch.

Xhau'ma-tur-gy [Gk. thauma (thaumai'os), a wonder; erj/on, a work], magic.

Thaw [O.E. thawian; cf. Du. dooijen; Ger. taueri], melt; melting of ice, etc.

The [O.E. the or se (masc), theo or seo (fem.), thast (neut.)]» the definite article ; (adv.) in that degree.

The'a-tre (re~er) [Gk. thmtron, a place for shows; thea, aspectacle], playhouse, drama, scene (of war, etc.), hall with seats in tiers and a platform.

The-af ric-^, of or suited to the theatre. Theft [O.E. thiofth; sec Thief], act of stealmg. Their [O.N. their(r)a, gen. pi. of sd, s^i, that,

they], possessive adj. corresponding" to they.

The'ism [Gk. theos, god], doctrine that there is a supcrnaturally revealed God. The'ist.

Theme [Gk. thema, a tlieme; iithenai, to place], subject on which one speaks or writes.

Then [O.E. MtTJiJifi ; QfDM.dan; Ger. tfcm;]) at that time, after that, therefore, that being so; existing,

Thence [iI.E. thennc; O.E. tkanon, and old gen, ending, -es'\, from there, for that reason.

The-oc'ra-cy [Gk. theos, god ; cratia, govern­ment], government by God through priests, state so governed. Theocrat'ie.

The-od'olite [?], surveying instrument for measuring angles,

The-og'-o-ny [Gk. theos, god, gonia, origin], birth and genealogy of the gods.

The-ol'o-gy [Gk. theos, god, logos, discourse], science of religion. Theolog'ical.

The'o-rem [Gk. theorSma, a spectacle, iheSrein, to behold], proposition to be proved. The'orist,

Theoretical 217 Thi'ottle The-0-ret'i-cal, perfcaining to theory, not

practical. Ihe'o-rize, form Uieorira. The'ory [Ok. thc^na, a, theory; thcoreinf to

behold; theoros, a spectatoi'], exposition of the principles of a science, speculative view.

The-os'o-pby [Gk. thcost God, sopMay wisdom], a philosophy which, attributes immediate divine revelation to specially gifted people. Theoa'ophist.

Thei-a-peu'tics [Gk. thera-peiuicos, tending; therapeiiein^to wait on, cure; therapdriy a seryaat], science of remedies.

Tlieie [O.M, thitr^ tMr; cf, Du. daar ; Qer. da], in, to or at that place; also an expletive or introductory word.

Theie'XoTC, fox that or tliis reason. Ther'mal [Gk. therme, heat], hot, warm. Ther-mom'e-ter [Gk. therms, heat; metron,

a measure], instrument for measuring temperature. Thermomefrieal.

The-sau'rus [Qk. thesaurosj treasure], lexicon, cyclopasdia.

The'sis (pi. Theses) [Gk. thesis, a tiling laid down, proposition; tithenai, to place], pro-po?ition, essay on a definite subject.

Thewa CO.E. thSaw, habit, (pi.) manners], muscles ox streiigtli,.

Thick [O.E. tUece; cf, Bu. dik ; Ger. dick], deep between opposite surfaces, crowded, numerous, viscid, muddy, raufHed.

Thicket [O.E, thiccet; see Thick], wood or slurubs closely set.

Thief [0.35. tMof; cf. Da. dief; Ger. dieb], one who steals. Thiev'ish.

Thieve [O.E. getMofian, See Thief], steal, practise theft.

Thigh' lO.'B^moth; of. Bu. dij(e); O.H.G. dio/i], part of leg between hip and knee.

Thim'ble [O.E. th-^mel, a thimble; thiima, thumb], metal cap for the finger for sewing.

Thin [O.E. thynne; cf. TiM.dun ; Qer. diinn'], slim, lean, not crowded, fine; make less crowded. Tliin'neas.

Thing [O.E. thing; cf. Bu. and Ger. ding; O.&. thing], whatever may be an object oi thought, generally inanimate object, deed; parliament in Scand. countries.

Think [O.E. thence)an; cf. O.N. thekkja ; Ger. denken], employ the mind, believe.

Tliird [formerly thrid; O.E. thridda], last of three, one of three equal divisions of a whole.

Thirst [O.E. thurst; ^cf. Bu. dorst; Ger. durst], desire for drink; to desire drink.

Ttiir-teen' [O.E. thHoitne, thr^ot^ne. See Three and Ten], three and ten.

Thir'ty [O.E. thritig, thrittig, fr. thri^ three, -tig, ten], three times ten,

This [O.E. thes (masc,), thios (fern.), this (neut.), prob. from root of timet. See The], the person or thing close at hand or under­stood,

This'fle [O-E- tl^istel; cf. Bu. and Ger. distel\ O.N. thistill], prickly plant. This71y.

H

Thith'er [O.E. thider], to that place. Thong [O.E. (/i«:aji ; cLQ^.tkoengr; cogn.

with Twingel, leather strap, Tho'rax [E, and Gk. tkSraz], chest. Thorn [O.E. and O.N. thorn; cf. Du. doom

Ger. dom], prickle, plant bearing prickles, Thor'oM6f?t thuT) [van of Through], complete,

perfect. Thor'ow£?ft-Iare, unobstructed road. "though [O.E. thiah, th&h ; H.B. thogh ; cf.

O.N. tM; Bu. and Ger. <ioc/i],notwithstaua-ing, supposing that, however.

Thought (pugh=awy [O.E. (ge)th6ht. Sec Th&k], act of thinking, concern.

Thou'sand (s=z) [O.E, thnai-nd; cf. Bu dui^end, Ger, tausend], ten hundred.

Thral'dom, bondage. Thrall ia^aw) [O.E. thrd^l; cf. O.N. thriX'lU

Ban. trcel, cogn. with O.E. thrc&gan, to run], slave, bondman; enslave.

Thrash, Thresh [O.E, therscan; Com. Teut.; cf. O.N. tJireshja, Bu. dorschen, Ger. dreschen"], beat out grain from, heat soundly.

Thread [O.E. thrd'd, fr. tJiT&wan, to twist, hurl], small twist of fibre, spiral ridge of screw; pass thread through, make way through.

ThieoA'baie, hafiEg ttift ^iap •TJOITI O2. Tlireat [O.E. threat, a crowd, calamity, fr.

(d)thr6oian, to afflict], espression of purpose of ill,

Threafen [M.E. tkretenen. See Threat], use a threat or threats, presage, appear likely to.

Tliree [O.E. thri, thrio, thrio; cf. Bu, tfn'f, Ger. drei], one more than two.

Thren'o-fly [Gk. threnJJidia, a lamenting; threnos, a wailing, 6ide, au ode], song of lamentation,

Thresh'old [O.E. therscwaJd, therscold; ther-scan^to thresh, maJd, floor], sill of a door.

Thrice [SI.E. t?iries, thrySs, Ir. earlier thrig, tkryS, O.E. fM, three, and s of advbl. gen.], three times.

Thrift [O.N. thrift; thrifa, to grasp], good management, frugality, Thriit'y.

Thrill [O.E. thyrlian, fr. thurh, through], piei-ce with emotion; a quiver, tremulous excitement,

Thrive [O.N, thrifa, to grasp, to thrive], prosper, develop well.

Throat [O.E. throte; cf. O.H.G. drozza, Ger. drossel], front of the neck, gullet or wind­pipe,

Throb [E., prob. imit.], beat with unusual rapidity; pulsation.

Tiiros [M.E. throtve^e. throe; orig. obscure], violent pang.

Ttirone [Gk. thronos, a seat], king's chair of state; to place on a throne.

Throng [O.E. (ge)thrang, fr. thringan, to crowd], crowd; to crowd or pvcs'5.

Thros'He [O.E. throstle; cogn. with Thrush], song-thrush, spinning machine.

Throf tie [dim. of Throat], choke, strangle; valve, throat.

Throuerh 218 Tinder ^htongh [O'E. thurTi; cf. Dii. door, Ger.

durch']j from end to end, by means of. Throuff/o-oui', in every parfc, right; through. ffhroiw [0.23. thrdwan, to twist, hurl; cf.

Ger. dreheUf Du. draaijen', fling, to cast; a cast, distance whicli anything is thrown.

Thrum 1 CO.E. thrum; cf. O.K. thr&mr^ an edge, Ger. irumml, strong linen thread, fringe of threads left on loom when web has been cut,

Vbium^ [Imitative. See Strum], play unskil­fully, tap idly.

Thrush i [O.E. thr^sce; cogn. with Throstle], singing-bird.

Thrash s [?], disease of mouth, Thrust [O.N". thrijsta, to thrust], drive with

force; violent push or driving. Thud [appar.imit.; cogn. with O.E. thyddan,

to strike], dull sound of a blow or fall. Thug [Hind, thag,^ thug], formerly a pro­

fessional assassin in India, cut-throat. Thu'ggee, practice of the thugs.

Thumb [O.E. thiima; cf. Du. duim, Ger, daumen], short, thick inner finger; handle awkwardly, soil with the thumbs.

Thump [imifc,], dull, heavy blow; strike with a heavy blow.

Thua'der [O.E. thunor; M.E. tJioner, etc.; ci, Ger, donTier^ O.N". thorr, TiiorJ, Joud noise after lightoing; make a loud heavy noise. Thun'derous,

Thun'der-atruck, amazed. Thurs'day [O.E. thunres dwg, Thunor or

Thor's day], fifth day of the week. Thus [O.E, thus; cf. Du. dm, prob. cogn.

with That], in this way, therefore. Thwack [var. of Whack], heavy blow. Thwart [iT.E. thwart; cf. O.'K. tkverr, per­

verse; Dan. •iJteri, transverse], cross (in a purpose); cross seat of a boat.

T/i-yme [Gk, thumon^ fr. thuein, to burn incense], fragrant shrub.

Thy'roid [Gk. thyreoeides ; thyreos, a shield; ddos, form], shield-shaped (gland of the throat).

Ti-a'ra [L. and Gk. tiara; prob. of Pers. origin], triple crown of the pope, orna­mental coronet, kind of Pei-sian turban,

Tib'i-a h. tibia\, shin-bone. Tic [E. tic^ a twitching], neuralgia of the

face. Tick \ Tick'ing [L. ttca, theca, Gk. thSki, a

case], cover of bedding. Tick 2 [poss. shortened fr. teke, corresp, to

iI.L.G. tike (orig. obscure)], mite on hair or fur.

Tick [imit.], sound of a clock, beat as a clock. Tick * [perh. imit.; cf. Du. tik and tikken, to

touch lightly], mark set against items on a list; check by m.arks.

Tick'et [O.E. estiquet, Ger. stecken, to stick], card entitling holder to admission, con­veyance, etc,

Tic'kle fM.E, tik(e)l€7i forig. obscure); cogn. with Tick *], touch lightly so as to pro­duce a kind of spasm and laughter.

Ticklish easily tickled, somewhat difficult.

Ti'dal, pertaining to tides. Tide [O.E. tid, time; cf. Du. tijd, Ger. zeit,

O.N. iii/i], time, altoinaie lise and faU ot the sea ; drift with the tide, get (over).

Ti'dings [O.N. tithiTidi, tidings], ne^s. Ti'dy [O.E. tid, time], orderly, neat; put in

order, Tie [O.E. tigan, fr. tdag, tSah, a rope, fi-.

teu(ha)n, to pull], knot, thing that unites, equality in a contest; bind,

Tier ie=ee) [formerly tire; F. iirer, to^iaw; O.F. tire, perh. Teut. orig.], row, cap. raised row of several.

Tierce [O.E. tierz, tierce; L. tertius, third], third of a pipe (42 gals.), church office of third hour, third position for guard in fencing, sequence of three cards.

Tiff [Of obscure origin], fit of peevishness, draught of liquor.

Tiffin [Anglo-Indian], lunch. Ti'ger (g hard) [L. and Gk. tigris, a tiger], wild

animal of the cat kind. K'gerish, Ti'grish. Tight [O.N. thUtr, tight, esp. water-tight],

firmly held together. Tike [0.N, and Nonv. (i'J, a tike], cur, Tile [L, ttgula, a tile; tegere, to cover], slab

of baked clay; to cover with tiles. Tilli [poss. M.E. tillen, to pull; O.E, (/or>

tpIJajif to puJlJ, icoBej-draner, Till 2 [O.E. tilian, teolian, to strive for, to

till; til, good(ness)], cifitivato, Tills [0. Northumb. til; O.N. til (prep.

and conj.), from til, a purpose], up to, until,

Till'age, Tilth [see Tills], cultivation (of soil). Till'er [O.E. tiliai, to till], one who tills. OT'er [see Tilll], lever for a rudder. ru t [O.E. (eldf a tent], canvas covering. Tilt [M.E. tUtcn; O.E. tcalt, unsteady ; c t

O.N, tolta, to amble], tournament, raise one end, ride and thrust with a lance.

Tim'ber [O.E. timber; c t Du. iimmer, Ger. zimmer, a room, timber], wood suitable for building, etc.

Tim'bre (re=er) or as in ?. [P. timbre, a clock-bell; L. tympan^tm, a drum], quality of tone,

Time [O.E. tima; cf. O.N. Hmi, Dan. time, cogn. with Tide], duration, a point or period of duration, occasion; record the time, choose time of.

Timely, occurring in good time. Time'piece, clock to measure time, Time'serv-er, one who basely adapts his

opinions to the times. Tim'id [h. timidus, timid, timere, to fear],

easily frightened, Timid'ity, Tim'or-ous [L. timor^ fear, timere^ to fear],

fearful of danger, Tim'orousness. Tin [O.E., O.N., Du., Dan. tin; cf, Ger. simi],

a white metal, vessel of t in ; cover with tin, pack in tins.

Tinc'ture [L, tingere (p.p. tinctns), to dye], solution of a vegetable or animal drug, slight flavour.

Tin'der [O.E. tT/ndcr, fr tindan, to kindle], scorclied linen, etc., used for kindling.

Tine 219 Tomb Ene [O.E. tind; cf. O.N. iindr^ Swed^ Hnne^

prong as of an antler, 3!inge [L. Hngere (p.p. tincttis), to dye], colonr

slightly; slight colour. [thrills. !Rn'gle [Var, of Tinkle], feel a succession of Tink'er [orig. uncertain], mender of metal

ware; mend roughly, Tin'kle [freq. o£ SI.E. iinl:en, to ring ; imit.],

give forth small, sharp sounds. Tia'sel [O.F. cstincelle\ scintilla, a spark],

glittering metallic sheets. Tint [formerly Unci; L. tingere (p.p. tinclus\

to dye], slight colouring; to colour. Sin-tin-nab-iU-a'tion [L. tintinnabtilnm, a

bell], tinlding of belli. Ti'ny [?], very small. GJip 1 [E.], small end; coyer the end of. Hp 3 pj;.l3., Du., Dan. tip; of obscure origin],

t i l t ; small present of money, secret infor­mation,

Tip'pet [Orig. uncertain; perh. fr. L. tapeie, cloth], cape,

Tip'ple [Orig. uncertain; see TipS],take strong drink habitually.

Tip'ster, one who glv(s tips about races, etc. Tip'sy [see Tip a], rendered foolish by strong

drink. Ti-rade' [F. tirade; It. iirata, a drawing,

pulling; I t . and Late L. ttT^re, to pull], long speech full of condemnation.

Tire i [short for Attire], head-dress; to attire.

Tire 2, Tyte [perh. as Tiie^], band round the rim of a wheel. [weary.

Tire3 [O.E. tlorian, tioria7i; etym. dub.], to Tire'some, wearisome, Ti'ro, Ty'ro [L. tiro; tiro is the better spelling],

beginner in learning, Tis'sue [0.!F. tisstt, woven thing, also woven,

p.p. of O.F, tistre, to weave ; L. texere, to weave], woven fabric, substance of an organ. Tis'sue-pa'per.

Tit [icel. tittr, a bird, orig. a small thing], small bird.

Ti-tan'ic [L. and Gk. Titan, one of a family of mythical giants], enoi-mous in strength or size.

Tit'bifc [see Tit], choice morael, Tithe [O.K e(5o(7ia,' cogu. with Ten], tax

(originally of one-tenth). Tit'il-Iate [L, tilillare (p.p, titilMtus), to

tickle], tickle, excite pleasantly. Tit'i-vate, Titt'i-vate [?], adorn, smarten

oneself. Ti'tle [L. titulm, a title], distinguishing name,

claim, name of book, heading. inf mouse [now commonly shortened to Tit,

q.v,; M.E. tiimdse; OJil. mdse, a name for several small birds], a tit.

Tit'ter [imit.], laugh or giggle with re­straint ; restrained laugh.

Tit'tlo [L. titulus^ a title ; Late L. tiiidus^ a mark over a word], very small part.

Tit'u-lar, existing in title or name only, To [O.E. td; cf. Du. toe^ Ger. 2w], in the

direction of, (adv.) to. the required posi­tion, so far as,

Toad [O.E. tUige; etym. dub.], frog-Uke animal with rough skin,

Toad'stool, umbrella-shaped fungus. Toad'y [shortened fr. toad-eater, formerly an

assistant to a mountebank], mean flatterer. Toad'yism.

Toast [L. torrcre (p.p. tostus\ to parch], brown by the fire, warm thoroughly; bread toasted.

Toast [from spiced toast often put in drink], drink the health of; person or sentiment named before drinking.

To-bac'eo [Sp. and Haytian tabaco]^ plant used for smoking.

To-bog'gan [Amer.-Ind. 0(2flban-afc, a sledge], sled used for going downhill,

Toc'sin [F. tocsin; O.F. toquer, to strike, sing, a bell; fr* Late L. sifjnum, a bell], alarm-bell.

To-day* [O.B- td d^g, on (this) day], the present day.

Tod'dle [perh. a form of Totter], walk with short, tottering steps.

Tod'dy [Hind, tdri, tddl\ Hind, and Pers. tar, a palm-tree], fermented palm juice, sweetened spirits and hot water.

To-do, see Ado. Toe [O.E. and O.N. t&; cf. Du. tem, Ger.

zehe], one of the members at the extremity of the foot; reach "with the toes.

Toffee, Toffy [of uncertain origin], sweet­meat containing butter and sugar.

Toft [O.N", topt], homestead, hillock. To'ga [L. toga ; cogn. with tegere, to cover],

ancient Homan's outer garment, To-geth'er [O.E. t^gwdere; M, to, gador, to­

gether], in company. Toil [O.E. toillier, to mix; L. tudimldre,

to stir up ; tttdicida, machine for bruising olives; tudes, a mallet], oppressive work; to labour,

Tdi'let [F. toilette, orig. clothes-bag; toile, cloth], uroccss of dressing, costume.

Toils [F. 'toile, cloth; L. tela, a web], net, snare.

To-kay* [fr. town of Tol'atj], wine from Tokay in Hungary.

To'ken [O.E. tdc(e)n; cf. Du. tceken, Ger. zeicken; cogn. • •ith Teach], a sign.

Tol'er-ance, Tol-er-a'tion, forbearance, en­durance.

Tol'er-ate [L. tolerare (p.p. toleratus), to tolerate ; allied to tollere, to lift], put up with.

Toll [if.E. toUen, to draw, etym. dub.], sovmd as a bell.

Toll [O.E. toll, toln; perh. fr. L. teWnium; Gk. telonion, a toll-house, or cogn. with Tale], tax paid, esp. for use of roads.

Tom'a-hawk [Renjtpe (N". Amer, Indian of Tii^nia), tamdhak; Delaware, tamoi-hecan], American-Indian war-axe.

To-ma'to (ma=mah) [Sp. tmnate', Mex, tojnatl], plant with red or yellow fruit; (pi.) Tomatoes.

Tomb Qoom) [Gk. tymha, tijmhos, a tomb], stone over a grave, the grave.

Tome 220 Touchy Toms [T-J. to)mis j Gk. tomos; Gk, temnein,

to cut], large volume. To-mor'rott;, day after to-day. [mouse. Tom'tit [see Tit and Titmouse], blue tit-lom'tom [Hind, tamtam i imit.], native

Indian drum, Ton (p=il) [same as Tun. O.E. tunncj

large cask], Tfeight of twenty hundred­weight.

Tone [Gk. tonoSy a tone ; teinein^ to stretch], interval between two musical sounds, prevailing character; give a tone to, harmonize.

Tongs [O.E. tange (sing.); cf. Da. and Dan. ian^, Ger. zange\y two-limbed grasping insfcramenfc.

Tongue (o=^) [O.E. tunge; at. O.N. and Swed. tunga^ Du. long, Ger. zu?ige], muscular organ in the mouth, language.

Ton'ic [lit. giving tone; Gk, tomcos; tonos, a tone], medicine that increases the strength, first tone of a scale.

To-night'i on this night. [per ton, Ton'nage, weight of goods carried, charge Ton-neau' <pn-nd') [P. tonncau, a cask],

back part of motor car,. Ton'sil [IJ. tonsillay a sharp stake, toTisillcey

tonsils], one of two oi^ans in the throat. Tonsilli'tis,

Ton-so'ri-al, of a barber. Tou'sore [L. tondere (p.p. tonsus), to clip],

the shaven crown of priests. Ton'tine (in(?=een) [named fr. the Italian,

L. Tonii\y annuity shared by subscribers, growing larger to survivors as other sub­scribers die.

Tool [O.E. tdl; cf. O.K. M/, O.E. tawiarij to prepare], an instrament; ornament the binding of a book.

Toot [Swed. and Norw. tuta\ cf. M. Du. tuyten; Dan. iude; O.N". thjdta; imlt.], sound a horn.

Tooth [O.B. Uth; Com. Teut. ; cogn. with L. dens, dentis]^ bony growth in the jaw, tooth-shaped projection.

Top [O.E., common W. Germanic and Norse], highest part; to surpass, take top off.

Top [Late O.E.; orig. obscure], toy for spinning.

To'paz [Gk. topazos, topazwriy a topaz], gem, generally yellowish.

To'per [F. tCper, cover a stake in dice-playing; tope I agreed 11 pledge you], hard drhiker.

Top-ganaut, above tho topmast, Top'ic [li. and Gk, topica (pi.), title of a

treatise by Aristotle; Qh. topos, a place], subject of discourse or talk.

Top'ic-al [see Topic], of topics, dealing with local or current topics.

Top'masf;, second part of mast from the deck, Top-og'ra*-phy [Gk. topos, a place ; graphta,

dfscriptionj, detailed description of a town or district. Topograph'ical.

Top'ple [O.E. topy tho top], totter and fall. Top'sy-tur'vy [fonnerly topsy-tervy (prob.

top so iervy, prob. cogn. with O.E. tmrfliany roll over)], upside down.

Toaue (o^ue—ok) [I?. to(iUc\ small bonnet. Tot [W. (or, a Icnob], rocky peak, esp. on

Dartmoor. Torch [L. torquSre (p.p. tortus)^ to twist],

piece of resinous wood, etc., for carrying lighted. [flghier.

Tor-e-a-dor' [Sp. toro, L. tauniSy a bull], bull-Tor'ment [L. tormcntum, an engine for

hurling stones, rack; torquere, to twist], extreme pain, that wliich gives pain.

Tor-ment', put to pain, vex. Tor-na'do [Sp. ttonada, a thunder-storm,

tronar, to thunder; L, tonarc, to thimder], violent whirling wind.

Tor-pe'do [L. torpido, a cramp-fish (wliich numbs); torperCi to be numb], iish wliich emits electric discharges, mtichino for blo\^ ing up ships, explosive cartridge.

Tor'pid [L. torpidtis; (orpere, to be numb], numb, sluggish, Torpid'ity.

Tor'por [L. torpor; torpSre^ to be numb], inactivity, numbness.

Tor'rent [L. torrensy raging, boiling, pr.p. of torreret to heat], violent stream.

Toien'tial, pertaining to or like a torrent. Tor'rid [D, tomdus, scorched; L. torrcre^

to scorch], scorched, violently hot. Tor'sion [L. iorsio; torquere (p.p. tortus), to

twist], twisting, Tor'so pt, torsoy stump, stalk; L. thyrsus,

Gk. thyrsoSy a stalk, the Bacchic wand], trunk of a human body or statue,

Tor'toise ioise=ils') [Late L. tortUca, a tortoise; L. torquere (p.p. tortus), to twist], reptile encased in t'n'o shells.

Tor'tn-onfl [L. tortuCsus; torgiiSrey to twist], twisted, ^v^nding.

Tor'ture [L. torqufre (p.p. tortus), to twist], agony; pain extremely.

To'ry [Ir. toiridhe, toruiglie, pnrsuei', searcher, plunderer], extreme Conservative, mem­ber of party that opposed ii^fi Bevolution of 1688, orig. Irish robber.

T093 [cf. Norw. tossa, to scatter, spread out], tlirow, throw up, fling oneself; a throw.

Tot [O.N", toitr, nickname of a dwarfish person], tiny child.

Tot [short for Total], addition sum, total of an addition; add.

To'tal [L. t5tusy whole], whole ; the whole. To'fem [Algonkfa totem], hereditary emblem,

esp. animal of N. Amer, Ind. clan or group. Tot'ter [form of a freq. fr. stem, tot-, cxi)ress-

ing instability], shake, walk unsteadily. Tou-can', Ton'can [Braz, tucano], American

bird with huge beak. Touch [F, (OKCACT", to touch; cf. Ger. zucken, to

twitch], come in contact with, handle, move feelinga of; sense of feehng, contact, stroke.

Touch'ing, affecting, pathetic. Touch'hole, small hole in cannon by which

it is fired. Touch'stone, stone used for testing alloys of

gold ; standard, criterion. [tinder. Touch'wood, decayed wood, etc., used as Toueh'y [corrupt, of Techy], apt to take

offence,

Toug-h 221 Transcribe Tough (^A=/) [O.E. idh; cf. Du. taai; Ger.

zakfia'); cogn. •u.ith Tooth], flexible, but not easily broken or separated, stubborn, difficnlfc.,

Tou-pee' [F. toupet, dim. of toupe, a tuft], small tiift of artificial hair.

Tour (pit=oo) [F. tour, lit. a turn; toumer to tum]j joumoy from place to place.

Tour'ist (ou^oo), one wh.o makes a tour. Xour'na-ment, Tour'ney (pu=oo') [O.F.

io7iU>iement I tomer, to turn], mock fight In which many are engaged, contest where many are engaged.

loua'Ie (pu=ow, sle=zl) [fr. obs. or dial. tousej, pull about, make untidy.

Tou'sy [see, Tousle], unkempt, shaggy. Tout [prob. fr. O.E. tMian^ tdtian^ solicit

custom; i one who touts. Toty (as in Toe) [orig. doubtful, perh. conn.

with OM. M, a tuft of wool], coarse, broken hemp. '

Toiw (as in Toe) [O.E. togiun; cf. O.N. toga^ to pull], drag by a rope; state of being towed. '

To'af?ard, To'icards [O.E. t^weard, fr. To and warOi]^ in the direction of, in relation to, for, near^

Tov/el \J!^\touaill€; O.H.G. dwahilla^ towel; O.H.G-. thwian^ to wash], cloth for wiping.

Tow'er [li. turriSy Gk. tur-sis., iurris, a tower], tall structure, often forming part of a large building, fortress; be Tery high.

Town [O.E: Mn; cf. Dan. tuin; CN. tiln; Ger, 2aun, a hedge], collection of houses larger than a village.

Tox'io [Gk. toxican, poison for arrows, toxa, bow and arrows], poisonous.

Tox'in, any poisonous ptomaine. Toy [Du. tuig, tools, trash; speeltuig, play-

fchhig, toy], plaything; to play. Trace L. ,irafiere (p.p. tractus)^ to draw],

mark left; mark out, to track. Trace'-able.

Trace [O.F. traiz^ later//•ajcis (pi. of traici) ; see Trait], in pi, side-straps of a harness.

Tra'ce>y, ornamental stone-work at the . head of Gothic -windows, Trach-e'a,''^a'che-a (c?i=fe) [L, tmcheay

Gk.-(raeft(na, lit. the rough], wind-pipe. Track [Dul trek, a draught; trekken, to pull],

mark left by a passer-by, trace, pathway ; follow traces.

Tract [L. tractus, a region; trahere (p.p. tractus),' to draw], region of indefinite extent,

Tract [short for Tractate, now little used ; L. tractive (p.p. tractattis), to handle, freq. of traliere (p.p. tractus,), to draw], shorb written discourse.

Tract'a-blei easily led or managed. Trac'tate, treatise. Trac'tion [XJ. trahere (p.p. iractus), to draw],

act of dcJiwing. Trade [old meaning, path; see Tread], ex­

change of goods, occupation; buy and seU.

TES-di'tion [L. tradere (p.p. trUditiia)^ to

deliver; traits, across, dare, to give], opinion, belief or custom passed on orally. Tradi'tional, Tradi'fionary,

Tra-duce' [L. trajis, across, dUcere, to lead], to slander.

Traffic [F, traflquer \ It. trafficare; etym. doubtful], to trade; trade, coming and going of persons or goods by road, etc,

Tra-ge'di-an, actor in tragedy. Tra'ge-dy [Gk. tragdidia, tragedy; tragOidos^

lit. goat-singer; tragos, a goat, -didos, a singer fhistoiy doubtful)], noble di-ama with unhappy end, a calamity,

Trag'ic, Trag'ic-al [Gk. tragicos, tragic; tragos, a goat], pertaining to tragedy.

Trail [D, tr^gula, a drag-net, sledge ; traliercy to draw], draw along, to track; a track, something hanging loose behind,

Train [F. trainer, to trail; L. trahere, to draw], teach by practice, prepare by exercise, etc., direct (fire-arm); that which is in the rear, line of railway carriages, trailing part of a robe.

Tiain-oil [formerlyirayie-os' e or iranc; M. Du. tram, a tear, train-oil], oil got from blubber of whale.

Tiai£ [F, trail, n. and p.p. of traire^ to draw; L. troheve, to draw], stroke, feature.

Trai'tor [L. tradere, to betray], one who betrays. Trai'torous.

Tra-iec'to-ry [L. trajicere (p.p. ira^eclus\, to throw across; trans, across, jacere, to throw], curve described by a projectile in its flight.

Tram [prob. fr. L.G. traam, balk, beam ; E. Fris. trame, tram, beam, or step of ladder], wagon in coal-pit, car on tramway, metal rails for tram.

Tiam'mel [F. tramail, a trammel; Late Ii, tramaculum, kind of fishing-net; prob. from L, tri-, triple, and macula, a mesh], net, a ^acldo; to shackle, confine.

Tramp [K.E, and Gkr. trampen; cf. Dan, trampe; Swed. trampa'], go on foot, •walk heavily ; journey on foot, sound of steps, vagabond, cargo-ship, not of regular Hue.

Tram'ple [freq. of Tramp], tread under foot, Tram'-way [see Tram], street-rtiilway. Trance [L, transire, pass away, die; trans,

across, ne, to go]* sleep resembling death, state of extreme exaltation.

Tran'guil [L. tranquillus, tranquil], quiet, calm, Tran'guiliize.

Tran-qnjl'li-ty, calmness. Trans-act' [L. trans^igere (p.p. transactus), to

transact; trans, across, and agere, to do], cariy tlurough, complete (business).

Trans-ac'tion, performance, a proceeding. Trans-act'or, one who transacts. Tran-scend' [L. transcendere; trans, beyond,

scanderc, to climb], rise above, surpass. Transcend'ence, -ency.

Ttan-scend'ent, excelling, surpassing. Tran-scen-dcn'tal, surpassing others, vague

and abstruse, beyond sense experience. Iran-scribe' [D. trans, across, scr^bere (p.p.

scriptus), to write], copy in writing,

Transcript 222 Trawl ^an'sciipt [see Transcribe], written copy. Tran-scrip'tion, acfc of copying, a copy. ^an'sept [L. traiiSy across, septum, en­

closure], transverse portion of a cross-sliaped church.

Trans-fer' [L. trans, across, fcrr'e (p.p. latm), to carry], convey from one to another.

Tians'fer, conveyance oi property, etc, Trans'fer-enee, conveyance, passage. Trans-fig-u-ra'tion, change of appearance. Trans-f^uie gure=ger) [L. trans, acro^,

ftgUra, a flgore], change in form or appear­ance.

Trans-fix' PJ. trans, across, fingere (p.p. fixus), to fix], pierce through.

lians-form' [XJ. trans, across,/orma, shape], change the form, appearance, or character.

Trans-foivnia'tioii, change of appearance, form, or substance.

Trans-false' (5=^) [L. traTis, across, ftmdere (p.p. fUsiisX to pour], transfer by pouring. Transfu'sion.

Trang-gress' [L. transgredl (p.p. transgressor): trans, beyond; gradi, to walk], break (law, etc.), exceed the limits,

Trans-gres'sion, infringement of law, sin. Tran'si-ent (s=z) [L. trans, across; ire (sup.

Itum), to go], passing, not lasting. Tiaas'it [L* transire (p.p. trans7ius\ to go

across], parage through or over. Tran-si'tion (ti~zh), passage, change from one

state to another, Transi'tional. Tran'si-tive» passing over to an objecfc, Tran'si-to-ry, short-lived, Trans-late' [IJ- trans, across,/(?rre (p.p. Idtiis),

to bear], to change from one place or lan­guage to anotfier,

Trans-la'tion, removal, a renderingiu another language,

Trans-lu'cent [L. trans, beyond, lUcire (pr.p. iQcens, -enlis\ to shine], admitting light.

Trans-ma-rine' (ine=een) [L. trans, across, mar'imis, marine], beyond the sea.

Trans'mi-grate pj . trans, across, migrdre (p.p. migrdlus), to wander; medre, to go, ager, a field], pass from one country or body to another,

Trans-mis'sion (ss^sh) [L. trans, across, Qnissits, sent], act of transmitting,

Trans-mif [L. trans, across, mittere, to send], cause to pass over or through, send.

Trans-mog'ri-fy [coined word], transfonu (used humorously). Transmog'rifieation.

Trans-mu-ta'tion [Jj. traTis, across, tnutalus, changed], change into another form or substance. Transmute',

Tran'som [L. translrum; trans, across, and suf, -tntm, signifying agent], crossbeam.

Trans-pa'rence, Trans-pa'ien-cy, quality of being transparent.

Trans-pa'rent [L. traTis, through, -parens (-cntis), pr.p. of pdrcre, to appear], that can be seen through, admitting light, frankj obvious,

Tran-spire' pj. traJis, through, spirdrc, to breathe], pa^ oS in vapour through skin, e tc , come to be known,

Trans-planf [L. trans, across, plant&rc, to plant], remove and plant in another place. Transplaiita'tion.

Trans-porf [L. trans, ac-rcBS, portdre, to carry], convey from one ])lace to another, carry away with strong feeling.

Trans'port, conveyance, vehement emotion. Trans-por-ta'tion, removal of oSendera

beyond seas. Trans-pose' (s~z) [L. trans, across, F. poser,

to put], cause to chiuige jilaces, change the key in music. Transposi'tion.

Trans-ship' [L. trans, across, and Ship], transfer from ono ship to another,

Tran-sub-stan-ti-a'tion (ti=shi) p^ate L. transitbstantiatio; JJ. trans, across, svJ)-stantia, substance], change of sacramental bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ.

Trans-verse' [L. trans, aci-oss, vertere (p.p. versus), to turn], lying or being across.

Trap 1 [O.B. treppe; cf. M. Du. irappe, a trap; Swed. trappa, a stair; Qer. treppe, a flight of steps], contrivance for catching unawares, bend in a pipe to prevent return flow of gas by liquid, movable step-ladder, wheeled vehicle.

Trap 2 [Swed. trappa, a stair; trapp, trap-rock], datkigaeoua vocik>

Trap3 fF. drap, cloth; draper, to clothe], furnish with trappings, adorn.

Tra-pan' [see Trepan^], Trap-door, lifting or sliding door. Tra-peze' [F. trapHe; sec Trapezium], sus­

pended swinging bar. Tra-pe'zi-um [Gk. trapczion, a table, a

trapezium; tra- (tetra), four, peza, pons, a foot], four-sided plane figure of which no two (or, only two; cf. following) sides are parallel.

Trap'e-zoid [G-k. trapezoeides], four-sided plane figui'e of which only two (or, no two ; cf. prec] sides are parallel,

Trap'per, one who traps annuals. Trap'pings [see Trap^], ornaments to be put

on horses, ornamental accessories of office. Trash [perh. Icel. tros, rubbish, fallen twigs;

Swed. krasa, to bruise; Ban, krase, to crash], worthless stufE, rubbish. Trasb'y,

Trav'ail [O.F, travail, toil], labour with pain, severe toil.

Trav'el [var. of Travail], make a journey, proceed; journeymg.

Trav'el-ler, one who travels. Trav'erse [O.F. traverse, feja. of travers, cross­

wise ; L. ira7is, across, verstis, turned], to cross; laid across; cross-piece of a structure.

Trav'er-tine [It. travertine; L. iiburtinus (^a^w, stone), of 2'ift7/r,the modern Tivoli], kind of limestone,

Trav'es-ty [L. trans, implying change, vesilre, to clothe; vcstis, a garment], burlesque imitation; represent so as to render ridiculous.

Trawl [of obscure oiigin], fish with a trawl-net ; net for dragging along the sea-bottom,

Trawler 223 Trident Q?rawrer, person who trawls, trawl-boat. ' Tray [O.B; tricg, trig), flat broad vessel on

wJiich dislies, etc., are carried. Tret^ch'er-bus [0-1''. tredder, to beguile ; L.

tricart, to make difficulties], faithless, not to be relied on.

Treaeh'er-y [L. tncdn, to make difficulties], breach of faith, treason.

Trea'cle [Grk. theriace, an antidote; tkerion, thcr^ a wild beast], syrup obtained in refining sugar.

Tread [O.E. tredan; Com. Teut.], to step; a step. .'

toffd'k, Tred'dle [O.E. trcdel, step], lever of a machine moved by tlie foot.

Tiea'sou [L. trMitio^ treason; tradere^ to deliver over], disloyalty, treachery. Trea'sonable.

ffreas'ure (^=2) [Q-k- thesauros, treasure], reserve stbclc of money, something valu­able; lay-up, value greatly.

ifreas'iire-trove [A.F. tresar trovS], gold, etc., of untuown ownei-ship found hidden away,

Treas'ur-er,,,one who has charge of funds. ITrects'ur-y, place or building where treasure

is kept, department which has charge of the finance.

Treat [L. tractdTe, to handle, freq. of traheref to draw],'act towards, handle, entertain with foodji etc., discuss terms ; entertain­ment.

Trea'tise [MV. iretiz; O.F. traitier; P. trailer; JJ: (racCare, to handle], composi­tion on a definite subject.

ffieat'ment^ manner of dealing with, Tiea'ty [O.Fi traite, a treaty, p.p. of trailer,

to treat], agreement between nations, etc. Treble [L. '•triplus, threefold], threefold;

soprano, the highest part in a harmonized musical composition; make threefold.

Tree [O.E. iri:o\, large 'woody planli. Tre'foU [L, tnfoUum; tri-, allied to tres,

tlu-ee, folium, EL leaf], clover, plant with clover-like leaves.

Trek [Du. trek, a t rek; trekken^ to trek], a journejr by ox-wagon; travel by ox-wagon, migrate.

Trel'lis [O.F. trelis, a trelHs; L. tri-, three, licium, a thread], frame of cross-bars.

Trem'ble [Late L. tremuldre, to tremble; tremere, to fear], shake from fear, etc.

Tre-men'doiia [L. tremendiis, lit. to be feared; tremere, to tremble], terrible, overpower­ing, ii

Trfim'o-lo [It. fr. L. tremere, to tremble], intentionally tremulous effect in music.

Trem'or [L. iremere, to tremble], a trembling. Trem'u-lous, shaking, quivering. Trench [O.F. trencher; Late L. trincdre, to

cut], to cut, esp, a ditch, encroach ; a ditch.

Trench'ant [O.F, trenchant, pr.p. of trencher, to cut], cutting, sharp.

Trench'er [O.F. trenchciri trencher, to cut], wooden platter, cap with a stiff square top.

Trend jlI.K '•trenden', have a particular direction; geneiul direction, tendency,

Tre-pan'i [Gk. trypanon, a trepan, a borer; trypan, to bore], siurgical saw for the EkuU; operate with the trepan. Tre-pan'niug,

Tre-pan'2 [etym. uncert.; pcrh. orig. rogues* slang; F. irappc, a trap], ensnare.

Tie-pang' [Malay trlpang], sea-slug used in Cliina for soup.

Trep-i-da'tion [f-. trcpiddre (p.p. trepiddtus), to tremble, trepidus^ trembling], fear and trembling.

Tres'pasg [O.F. tres' (L. trans), across, passer^ to pass], intrude, offend; un­warranted intrusion, sin,

Tress [O.F, tresce, a plait or braid of hair; Late L. tricia]^ long lock or plait of hair.

Tres'^le [L. transtellum, dim. of transtnim, a cross-beam], supporttQg framework.

Tret [perh. O.F. iraz7e,"transportation; (as Trait)], allowance for waste in transport.

Trews [var, of Trousers], Highlander's tartan trousers.

Tri'ad [Gk. trias (triad-os), triad; treis, three], group of three.

Tri'al [see Try], process of trying; or testing, examination by a judge, affliction.

Tri-au'gle [L. triangulus, three-cornered; tri-, thrice, angithis, a corner], three-sided figure.

Tri-aa'gu-lar, three-comored. Trian'gulate. Tri'bal, pertaining to a tribe or tribes. Tribe [Late L, trihns, a. tribe], gi-onp of

families under chiefs. Tri'l)rac/t [Gk. tri-, thrice, hrachits, short],

nietricalfootoftbreeshortsyllables," ^ ^. Trib-u-la'tion [L. tribulare (p.p. ir'ibuldtus),

to rub out corn, to afflict], severe trial. Trib-u'nal, seat of a judge, court of justice. Trib'une [L. tnbunus, chief officer of a tribe ;

tribundle, judgment seat], ancient Koman officer chosen by the people, platform, bishop's throne.

Trib'U-ta-ry, paying tribute, subject; river flowing into a larger one.

Trib'ute [L. tribuere (p.p. trihutiis'), to give, pay], payment in acknowledgment of submission, personal contribution.

Trice^ [M. Du. rri^en;M.L.G. trUsen; Qer. triezen, to hoist], haul up, hoist, tie.

Trice 2 [perh. from Trice 1], very short time. Trick CPicard and Konnan form of tricke,

deceit], sly act, practical joke, mannerism, cards played in a round; to cheat, to dress.

Trick'er-y, fi'aud, deception. Trick'le [perh. M.E. triklen, for striMen, to

trickle, freq. of strikeii, to flow; etym, uncert.], run in drops or in a small stream.

Trick'ster, one who tricks. Trick'sy, playful. Tri'col-owr [F, tricdlore; L. tri-, three, COIOT,

colour], flag of ^three colours, esp. l 'rench flag.

Tri'cy-cle [Gk. tri-, three, cyclos, a circle], three-wheeled cycle.

Tri'dent [L. tridens -entis), tri-, three, dens, a tooth, prong], throe-pronged spear.

Triennial 224 Trouble Tri-en'nial [0. triennium, period ol three

years; in'-, three, an7nts, a year], lasting three years, happening every three years.

Tti'fle [O.F. tncfley raockery, var. of truffe, a jest; etym. uucert.], thing of little value, light dish ; act or talk frivolously.

Tii'fling, oi small value, paltry, Trig'ger [formerly tricker; Du. trekker^

trigger; trekken, to pull], catch which on. being pressed releases hammer of a gun-lock.

Trig-0-nom'e-try [Qk. trigSnon, a triangle, melron, a measure], branch of mathematics which treats of the relations of sides and angles ot triangles. Tngonomet'noal.

TriU [It. trillure (vb.); trillo (n.); imit.], quaver; shake or quaver.

Tril'lion [trili/iU) [Gk. iri-, thrice, and Million], a miUion million million. (In -Fraace and TT.S.A., a millioD. million.)

Tril'og-y [^]i. tri-^ thrice, logos, discoui'se], set of tlu-ecliterary compositions, each com­plete in itself, but with one common theme.

Trim [O.E. triimian^ make firm, fr. irum, strong], make ready for sailing, clip, adjust, adorn (dress) ; dress, condition; in good order, neat.

Tri'me-ter [Gk. (ri-, and metron, measure], a verse of three measures.

Trim'mer, one who trims, time-server, Trim'ming, ornamentation of ribbon, etc. Trin'i-ty [L. tri-mis, (pi.) trin% by threes],

union of three in one. Trinitar'iaii. Trin'ket [M.B. trenket, a knife; O.K.F.

trenqver, to cut], small ornament, Tri'o (trce'-o or trlro) [It. trio, L. trcs, three],

set of three, musical composition for three parts.

Tri'o-Iet [F.], 8-Iiued poem, rhymed, in which 1st and 2nd lines recur twice.

Trip [O.F. treper, trip(p)er], move with light steps, make a false step, cause to stumble; journey, nimble step, a stumble. Tripp'-ingly.

Tri-par'tite, Trip'ar-tite [L. tri-, three, partlri (p.p. paHitus), to divide], divided into three parts.

Tripe [F. tripe; etym. doubtful], large stomach of cattle or sheep cut up and used as food.

Trip'le [L. triplus, triple; L. tri- (tres), three, and -plus, allied to plenus, full], threefold; to treble.

Triplet, set of three, three notes performed in the time of two, three lines rhyming together.

Tri'pod [Gk. tripous (tripod-os), a tripod; iri-, tliree, poiis, foot], stool, etc., on three feet.

Tri'pos [formerly tripus, fr. tripod on which M.A. sat to deliver a speech], honours examination (Cam. Univ.).

Tri'reme [L. tri- (tres)^ three, tSmus^ an oar], ancient galley having three ranks of rowers.

Tri-sect' [Gk, tri-, thrice; L. secare (p.p. sectus'), to cut], divide into three equal parts. Trisec'tion,

Tri-syl'la-ble [Qk. tri-, thrice, and Syllable], word, or metric foot, of three syllables. Trisyila'bic.

Trite [Xi. terere (p.p. iritus), to rub, wear away], worn out, sialf. Tiite'ness.

Tri'tou [L. and Gk, Trlldri], a sea-god. Trit'n-rate [U triturare (jJ-P- triciirutus\ to

rub down; tr'itus, rubbed], to rub, grind. Tri'umph [Gk. thriambos, a hymn to iiacchus],

celebrate victory, rejoice over success; Eoman procession in" honour of vi tory, great success.

Tri-umph'al, celebrating triumph. Tri-umph'ant, rejoicing for success. Tri-nm'vi-rato [L. trlum^ gen. of trcs, three,

OTV, a man], union of three in office. Tri'one [L. tri- (tres\ tliree, unus, one],

three in one. Triv'et [L. tripes, three-footed; tri- itres),

tliree, pes (ped-is), a foot], tripod or bracket to hold a kettle, etc.

Triv'i-al [I', trivia, cross-road; tri- (tres)^ three, via, a way], trifling, petty. Trivi-al'ity.

Tro'chee (ch=k) [Qk. trocTiaws, running, a trochee; irecJiein, to run], metrical foot consisting of a long syllable followed by a short one, Trocba'ie.

Trog'lo-dyte [Gk. trogle, cave, duein, to enter], cave-dweller of prehibtorie W. Europe.

Troll 1 [peril, fr. O.B\ trauler, to run, to draw to and fro; Qer^trollen, to roll, to troll; etym. uncert.], sing carelesdy.

Trolls [O.N". and Swed. (roll; Dan. trold, a troll], giant, friendly but tricky dwarf.

Trol'ley, Trol'Iy [prob. fr. Troll i ] , truck that can be tilted, small wheel at the end of a metallic rod on an electric car to connect with an overhead wire.

Trom'bone [It. trombone'; avig. form of trornba, a trumpet], brass wind-instru­ment.

^oop [F. troupe; O.F. (rope, a troup; etym. doubtful], company, a. body of soldiers, (pi.) soldiers ; move in a troop.

Troop'er, cavalryman. Trope [Gk. tropos, a turn], figure of speech. Tro'phy [Gk. iropaion^ a trophy; trope^

rout, trepein, to turn], memorial of victory. Trop'ic, one of the two parallels of latitude

about n° 28' N. and S. of the Equator respectively; (pi.) region between these.

Trop'ic-al [Gk. (ropicos, relating to a turning; iropos, a turn], within or pertaining to the tropics, figurative (from Trope),

Trot [O.F, troter, trotier, to t rot ; Low L. tolutdriuSy going at a t ro t ; L. tollere, to lift], pace of a hoi-se in wliich the feet are lifted in diagonal pau^; go at a trot.

Troth [var. of Truth], truth, faith. Trou-ba-dour' ou (both) =oo) [Prov. trobador,

a troubadour; trobar, to find; Late L, tropare, to versify], formerly a lyric poet of Px'ovence.

Trouble [L. turbula, dim. of turha, a crowd], to dL^tress, annoy; aiiiictiou, inconveni­ence.

Troublesome 225 Tumultuous Tronb'le-soine some—sum), causing trouble. Tcoali'lous, full of trouble. Trowgh i3^=S) [O.B. trog% Com. Teut.],

long vessel for water, long narrow depres­sion, Iiollow between two waves.

Trounce [0.!P. ITOTIS, ^a truncheon], beat severely. •'

Tcou'sers [earlier drou^e , trowses ; F. trousses^ breeches]; two-legged garment.

!Erous-seau''((roo55') [F. iromscau, dim. of irotissc, a bundle], bride's outfit.

Trout [L. tTUcta, a trout; GIc. troktes, a nibbler; trdgeiUy to bite], fi-esh-water fish.

Trow, Trow [O.E. iruwjian, trSowarij, believe, think. '

Tiow'el [Late L. trttelJa, dim. of L. irwa, a ladle], mason's flat-bladed tool, gardener's scoop,

Troy [prob. fr, Trotfes, in France], system of weights for gold and silver,

Tru'ant [F, truandj a beggar; Gael, and Ir. truagJian, a wretch], one who stays away from place', of work; wandering, shirking.

Truce" [O.B.' treow, compact], temporary peace. Tra'ancy«

Truck [F, iroqucr; ]ir.L, trocdre; etym. uncert.], barter; to exchange, trade.

Truck [Gk. trochos^ a runner, irec/zein, to run], low wiiee^ed "veMcle, open lailway -wagon.

Truckle [I/. tTOChlea, a pulley], cringe. Truo'u-lent [L. truculentusy cruel; trux

(truc'is\ fiei;ce], fierce, savage, Trudge tperh.fr. F. (ruclicr, to beg; etym.

doubtful], walk along, esp. wearily. True [OJE.treoweJj according to fact, real,

faithful. ' Truffle [F. tniffe; perh, L. mbera, pi. of

tnber, a tuber], edible underground fungus. Tru'ism, self-evident truth. Tru'ly» truthfully, sincerely. &ump [O.F. irompCy O.H.G. trumpa^

Slovenian (romba, Russ. (rw&a, a trumpet], trumpet; make up, fabricate.

Trump [F. triomphe; see Triumph], card which takes any of the other suits ; take with a trump card.

Trump'er-y [F» tromperie; tromper^ to deceive, orig^ to sound a horn], trash; worthless. ''

Trmnp'et [F. tronipette, dim. of trompe, a horn], wind instrument; proclaim as by sound of trumpet. ;

Tnin'cate [L. truncdra (p.p. trunclxtvs), to culi oJT], cut the top or end from.

Trun'cheon (cfi~s/i) [O.N.F. ironckon ; O.F. tTonsotiy a thick stick; tronc^ a trunk], short thick staff, baton.

Trun'dle L.G. ir&ndeln^ to trundle], small wheel, truck;' to roll.

Trunk [L. truncits^ a trunk], main part of the body, etc.," elephant's long flexible snout, box -with a hinged lid.

Trun'nion trUmjUn) [F, trog7ion^ a stump], projecting stump on each side of a cannon.

Truss [F. trottsse; O.F. trusse ; etym. doubt-,fulj, bundle, kind of surgical bandage; bind clc^e, to skewer.

Trust [O.N, traust ; Swed. and Don. trost^ consolation], finn belief, credit given, estate held for use of another; rely on, have confidence in. [another.

Tms-tee', one who holds property in trust for TrMt'y, deserving confidence, strong. Truth [O.E. tr&wth, treowth], that which is

true, reality, Trutb'ful. Try [F. trier J to siCt; LateL. intare, to pound

small], to test, to attempt, investigate judicially; an attempt.

Try'ing, striving, testing severely. Tryst [O.F. tristT)e; prob. cogn. with Trust],

appointed meeting; to set time and place for a meeting, engage to meet,

Tsar. See Czar, [dy. Tsef se [S.Afr. tsetse], noxious South African Tuh [M. Du. tobhey a tub ; etym. doubtful],

open vessel of wooden staves. Tube [L. tubus, a tube; cogn, with tuba, a

trumpet], long hollow cylinder, Tu'bei [L. t'Qbcr, a hump], thick part of an

underground stem, like the potato. Tu'ber-cle |IJ. tubercuhim, dim. of tuber, a

swelling], ]mob-Iike projection, small granular tumour. Tuber'cular.

Tu-bet'cu-lo'sis, consumption and allied diseases.

Tu'l]er-ose [L. tWierbsxts, covered with tubers], a flower; covered wth tubercles.

Tu'ber-oua [L, tuberosus; see Tuber], knobbed. [shaped.

Tu'bu-lar [L. ttihulus, a small tube], tube-Tuck [Low G. tukkcn, to pull up, tuck] fold

under, gather into liftt folds; fiat fold. Tuck [O.N.F, toqucr, var, of F. toucher,

to touch], beat of drum. Tues'day [O.B. Tlwcs dceg, the day of Tiw,

god of war], third day of the week. Tu'fa, TufE [It. tvfOj tufa, L. tophus, soft

sandy stone], rock of cellular texture. Tuft [F, tou^e; cf. O.H.G. zopf, a tuft],

bunch of grass or feathers or the like joined together at the base.

Tug [O.'N. tog, a rope], pull strongly; strong pull, small steamboat to tow vessels.

Tu-i'tion pj. tuSrl Qi.p. tuitus), to protect], teaching.

Tu'lip [It. tulipaiw, a tulip; Turk, tidbend, a turban], plant growing from a bulb.

Tulle ti=oo) [F,fr, to^vn of Ttille in France], fine silk net,

Tum'ble pVI.F. tumblen; O.F. tumbian], to roll, fall, perform acrobatic feats, rumple; a fall.

Tum'bler, acrobat, pigeon that turns somer­saults, stemless drinldiig-glass,

Tum'brel, Tum'bril [O.F. tomberel, fr. toinber, to fall • of Teut. orig-, cf. Tumble], two-wheeled cart used to carry victims to execution in French Revolution.

Tu'mid [L. tumere, to swell], swollen, inflated. Tu'mouT [L. tumere, to s^'ell], growth in tho

body. Tu'mult [L. tivmiiltus, a tumult; tumere, to

swell], uproar of a multitude, commotion. Tu-mul'tu-oufij disorderly, agitated.

Tumulus 226 Typical Sa'mu-lns [L. Uimerct to swell], sepulcliral

mound. Tu'molar. Tua [O.B. tunne^ barrel; cf. Du. ton- O.N".

iunna ; cogn. with. Ton], large cask. Tune O.F. tun^ "F. ton, a tune; L, tonus^ a

tone], melody, air, right intonation, mood; put (an instrument.) in tune. Tune'foL

Tang'sten [Swed. imigt lieavy, sten, stone], a heavy metal,

Ta'nio [L. iwmca, a tunic], body garment. Tun'nel [0.!F. tonnel, dim. of tonne, a tun],

underground passage; to make a tunnel. Tnn'ny [h. tJiunmis, a t . thunnos^ a tunny],

large sea-fish. Tup [cf. Swed. and Norw.(Mi?iJ,acock],aram. Tur'ban [Turk, tulbend, dulbend; Pers.

dulbaiidl, cap witlx scarf wound round it. Tur'Md [L. turbure, to disturb; turba^ a

crowd], muddj, disturbed, disordered. Tur'bine [L. turbo (turbin-is), a wheel, a

top, a whirlwind; turbdre, to disturb], wheel driven by jets of water, air, or steam, form of steam-engine.

Tui'bot [Late L. turbo, a turbot; L. turbo, a spindle], large flat fish.

Tnr'bu-lent [L. turbuUntus, turbulent; L. turbdrc, to disturb], disturbed, riotous, Tui'bulence.

Tu-reen' [earlier terrene; F, ierrine, an eartben pan; L. terra^ the eartli], deep vessel for soup.

Turl [O.E.; Com. Teut.], surface earth filled with roots of grass, sod, racecourse.

Tur'gid [L. turgidus; turgere, to swell], swollen, bombastic.

Tur'key [F. Turquie, Turkey], large fowl. Tur'mer-ic [V. terre-m&rUe, perh. corruption of

Arab, kurkum, safEron], E. Ind. plant of ginger family.

Tui'moil [? perh, fr. Turn and aroU], dis­quiet, confused agitation.

Turn [L. tomdre, turn in a lathe, tomus, a lathe; Gk. tornos^ a tool to draw circles with], move round, to change, form on a lathe; movement round, change, short walk, etc., succession, due chance, occa­sional act.

Tur'nip [L. ndpus, land of turnip ; orig. of tiir^, unknown], plant with a round root.

Tum'key, prison warder. Torn'pike, toU-gate; a high-road. Tur'pen-tine [G-k. terebinthos, the terebinth

tree], resinous oily fluid, Tur'pi-tude [L. turpis, base], baseness. Tui'auoiSB [F. turquoise, orig. fern, of /«r-

quois, Turkish], blue precious stone, Tur'ret [S'. tourette, dim. of tour, tower], small

tower. Tur'retefl. Tui'tle [Sp, tortuga, sea-turtle], sea-tortoise. Turtle [L. tiirtur; imit.] kind of dove. Task [O.E. tux], long, protruding tooth. Tua'sle [see Tousle], a scuflle; to struggle. Tus'sock [perh, an altered form of Tusk],

tuft (of grass, etc.). Ta'te-lage [L. tUtUla, protection; titeri, to

' guard], guardianship, period of being under guardianship,

Tu'te-lariy, guardian. Tu'tor [L. tutor, a guardian; L. tuSrl (p.p.

tuiius), to guard, protect], guardian, pri­vate teacher, college official who instructs students. Tutor'ial, [talk.

Twad'dle [orig. twattle, var. of Tattle], silly Twain [O.B. twegen, two], two, two parts. Twang [var. of Tang^j, strike a stringed

instrument; laarsh quick sound, nasal sound.

Tweak [M.E. twikken; O.E. tmicdaTi], to pull with a jerk; a twiteh.

Tweed [from an accidental misreading of tweel, through association with B, Tweed; Sc. form of twill], woollen fabric.

Twee'zera [formerly tweezes; tu:eese, a surgeon's case of instruments; M.F, estui, a sheath, case], very small tongs or pincers.

Twelfth [O.E, twelfta], next after eleventh, Twelfth-day, the twelfth day after Obristnias,

the Epiphany. TwelSth-night, the eve of the Epiphany, Twelve [O.E. twelf; Com. Teut.], one more

than eleven. Twen'ty [O.E. ticentig], twice ten. Twice [O.E. twiges], two times. [twirl, Twid'dle [Norw. tvidla, var. of tvirla, to twirl], Twig [O.E. twigge], small branch, Twi'light [O.E, twi~, double; UoU, light],

faint light before sunrise and after sunset. Twill [0,B, twilic, cogn, with Ger, zwillich,

two-threaded], ribbed fabric. Twin [O.E. twinn], one of two at a birth;

forming one of a pair. [wind, Twine [O.E. twirC], small cord, twist; to Twinge [O.E. twengan], darting local pain; to

twitch, [a gleam. Twin'kle [O.E. ttoindian], to wink, sparide; Twirl [freq. of O.E. thweran, to turn, move

round quickly ; rapid circular movement, a twist,

Twist [O.E.], wind as one thread about another; act of twisting, that which is formed by twisting,

Twit [O.E. cEtwlta7i], to reproach, to taunt. Twitch [iT.E. twicchen],-pull with a jerk; a

jerku^ pull, Twit'ter [M.E. twiteren, imit.], make sounds

like a swallow; succe^ion of tremulous sounds. [one,

Two (wo~oo) [O.E. ttccgen], one more than Tym'pa-num [Gtk. tympanon, a drum], ear­

drum, Type fGk. t^jpos, a blow, mark of a blow,

type; typtein, to strike], stamp, the repre­sentative, raised letter, etc., used in print­ing.

Type'i/jri-ter, machine for writing by type. Ty'pboid [G-k, tijphos, stupor, and -oid, fr.

eidos, resemblance], kind of low fever. Ty-phoon' [Arab, iiifdn, a hurricane; G-k.

typhon, typMs, a whirlwind], violent whirlwind.

T/phus [Qk. typTios, smoke, mist, stupor], dangerous contagious fever.

Typ'ic-al, serving as a type.

Typify 227 Un-Typ'i-fy, represeab by a type, be a type of Ty'pist, one who worLs a typewriter. Typ-og la-pher [Qk. typos, type, gmphia,

dL^oriptjoii], printer. ITypograph'ieal, Ty-iaa mc-al, acting as a tyrant, Tyi an-nize, act the tyrant. Tyr'an-ny, tyrant's rule, cruel rule. Tyrant L&t tyrannos, sovereign, master],

oppressive ruler, cruel master. Ty'io. [SeeTi'ro]

u TJ-l)iq'tii-tous, m all places at one time. U-biq'm-ty [L. vhique, everywhere; vbt,

where, -que, allied to qms, who], omni­presence

Ud'der [0 E. ud^r], milk gland of cows U-do'meter [L. udus, damp, and Meter],

rain-gauge. Ug'Ii-nesa, quality o£ being ugly. Ug'Iy [0 K. vgijhtjr, dreadTul; w/gr, fear],

offensive to the sight, ill omened. Uh'lan [Ger.ii/iZan; Pol. ulan, alancer; Turk.

Ofjhlan, a youth], cavalryman armed with a lance in Prussian and some other aimies.

U-kase' [Huss. iilaz\ an edict], decree of the Kussian Government

Ul'cer [L. w?cits(«Zc«--rs), asore; Gk helcos, a wound, sore], sore dischargmg piLs. Ul'cerate, Ul cerous.

Ul ster [from prov. of Ulster in Ireland], long loose overcoat,

Ul-te n-or [L. ulterior, comp. of 0 L. niter, on the other side], situated beyond, in the background.

Ul'ti-mate [L. uUzmure (p p ultimdtus), come to an end ; ultimiis, last], last, final

Ul-ti-ma'tum (a=ai) ftil. -ta, -turns), final proposal,

Ul tl-mo [L. abl. of ultimus] (usu abbr. ult), of last month.

Ul tra-ma-rme' ine=eeii') [L. ultra , beyond, manniLs, marine], beyond the sea ; a blue pigment.

Ul-tra-mou'tane, beyond (south of) the Alps [L. nltra-, beyond; mons (mont is), motmfcam], name apphed to a party in R, 0. Church.

U lu-late [L. ululare (p p. vZuldtus), to howl], to howl, wail. UliSa'tioii.

Um'bel [L. umbella, a parasol, dim of umbra, a shade], flower cluster with stalks from a common centre. [pamt.

Um'her [L. umbra, a shade], brown o n eddish Um'brage [L. umbra, a shade], shade, offence Um-bra geous, shady, giving shade. Um-orel'Ia [It. ombrella, dim. of It. omira

(L. umbra), a shade], portable rain-screen Um'pire [formerly numpire; M n. nompere,

O E. noinper, peerless; L. non, not, par, equal], ]udge, referee,

Un- is an English prefix of negation wliich is used to form nouns, adjectives, andadverbs, when it means not, absence of. Most of

these are not given m tne dictionary I I except here. Among these are: Un-a'ble, ^ Un-ao-cepfa-Me, Un-ac-ous tomed, Un-ae-kflow'ledgeci, Un-ac-quaint ed, Un-s-dorned', Un-ad-vi sed-ly, Un-aWeef ed, Un-aid'ed, Un-al-loyed', Un-a!fer-a-ble, Un-a'mi-a-Me, Un-an'-siier-a-We, Un-ap-pre'ci-a-ted, Un-ap-proach'a-ble, Un­armed', Un-asked', Un-a-spit ing, Un-as-aail'a-ble, Un-aa-aum ing, Un-at-tend'-ed, Un-at-tract ivc, Un-au thor-ized, Un-n-vail a-ble, Un-a-vail ing, Un-a-waie', Un-beat a-blc, Un-be-flfting, Un-be-liel', Un-be-liev'er, Un-bi'as(s)ed, Un-bid'den, Un-bluah'ing, Un-bouud 6d, Un-oalled', Un-can-on'ic-al, Un-oeas mg, Un-cer'-tain, Ua-cer iam-y, Un-ohal lenged, Un-ohange'a-ble, Un-chai'it-a-ble, Un-chasf-euediUn-chiis'tian Un-av^il, Un-ci vil-ized, Un-clean', Un-comely, Un-oom'Ioit-a-blei Un-oom'mon, Ua'com-mu'm-ca-tive, Un-com'-pro-mi srng, Un-con-cern', Un-con-dition-al, Un-con-llned', Un-oon-flimed', Un-oon-nect ed, Un-oon-ge'ni-al, Un-con'acious, Un-oul'ti-va-ted, Un-cut', Un-da'ted, Un-daunted, Un-de-flned', Un-de-mon'stra-tive, Un-de-m a-ble, Un-dis-gmsed', Un-dia-pu'ted, Un-dis-tin'gmshed, Un-dis-furbed. Un-di-vi'ded, Un-dou!)t'ed, Un-dressed', Un-du ly, Un-du ti-fal, Un-d/mg, Un-eamed', Un-earth'Iy, Un-ea'sy, Un-ed'u-cat-ed, Un-e-mo tion-al, Un-em-ployed', Un-end'mg, Un-en-du'ra-We, Un-en-ligbt'ened, Un-en'ter-pn-smg, Un-ea'vi-a-ble, Un-e'cftial, Un-e'aualled, Un-e-qmv'o-oa!, Un-en -ing, Un-es-Een'tial, Un-e'ven, Un-ex-am'pled, Un-ex-celled', Un-ez-cep'tion-a-ble, Un-ex-pecfed, Un-ex-plored', Un-!ading, Un-Jeeling, Un­fair', Un-faith'Jul, Un-fam-il'iar, Un-Jash'ion-a-ble, Un-fath'om-a-ble, Un-fa'voui-a-ble, Un-£eel ing, Un-!ei9ned', Un-Iei-ment ed, Un-flli-al, Un-fln'ishBd, Un-flt, Un-flinch'ing, Un'Sore-seen', Un'-Jor-giv'mg, Un-f ormed', Un-Joi tu-nate, Un-found'ed, Uu-fre-quent ed, Un-friend'-ly, Un-fcuit'ful, Un-fni'nished, Un-gal'-lant, Un-gen'er-ons, Un-gen tle-man-ly, Un-glazed', Un-god ly, Un-gov'ern-a-blB, Un-grace'ful, Un-gra'cions, Un-gram-ma'tie-al, Un-grate'M, Un-ground'ed, Un-giudg^ing, Un-g«ard'ed, Un-bal'lowed, Un-bap py, Un-harmed', Un-health'y, Un-heard', Un-heed'ing, Un-hes'it-a-ting, Un-ho ly, Un-hoped', Un-i-mag'in-a-ble, Un-im-paired', Un-im-pas'sioned, Un-im-peach a-We, Un-im-porfant, Un-in-hab it-ed, Un-m'jured, Un-m-tel h-gent, Un-in-tel li-gi-ble, Un-in-ten'tion-al, Un-m'ter-est-mg, Un-m-ter-rupfed, Un-m-Yifing, Un-]iist', Un-]us-ti-fi a-We, Un­kind', Un-known', Un-U'cenaed, Un-like', Un-lun'it-ed, Un-lovely, Un-laek'y, Un­man ly, Un-man ner-ly, Un-mean'ing, Un-men'tion-able, Un-mer'ci-fol, Un-mer"-it-ed, Un-mind Jul, Un-mis-ta'ka-ble or Un-nus-take a-ble, Un-mit'l-gartcd, Uu"

Un- 228 Unhand mixed', Un-mu'si-cal, Un-name'a-ble, Tln-Dafu-tal, Bn-nav'i-ga-ble, Un-na'ces-Ba-ry, Un-nei7A'bour-ly, Un-no'ticefl, Un-ob-jeo'tion-a-ble, Un-ob-serv'ant, Un-ob-tius'ive, TIn-oc'cu-pieil, TJn-oi-fend'ing, Un-o£-fl'cial, ¥n-op-posed', Un-or'tlio-dox, Un-os-ten-ta'tions, Un-paid', Un-pal'-at-a-ble, Un-pai'don-arble, Un-pai-lio-men'ta-ry, Un-pa-tri-ot'ic, Un-pleas'ant, Un-po-et'ic, Un-pol'ished, Un-pop'n-lar, TJn-prao'tic-al, Un-pre'ju-diced, Un-pre-mcd'it-a-ted, Un-pre-pared', Un-pie-tend'-ing, trn-piin'ci-pled, Un-pro-dncfive, Un-pro-fes'sion-al, Un-proFit-a-ble, Un-prom'is-ing, Un-proved', Un-pub'lished, Tln-punoi^u-al, TJn-iua'ti-fled, Un-anes'-tion-a-bla, Un-read'y, Un-re'al, Un-re-al'i-ty, Un-rea'son-a-We, Un-ie-cord'-ed, Un-re-deemed', Un-re-flned', Un-ie-geu'et-ate, Un-ieg^is-tered, Un-ie-la'ted, Un-ie-lent'ing, Un-re-li'a-ble, Un-re-lieved', •Oa-re-mit'ting, Un-rep-ie-senf-ed, Un-re-quifed, Un-rc-served', Un-re-strained', Un-righfeous, Un-ripe', TJn-ri'valled, Un-ro-man'tio, Un-rui'fled, TJn-saJe'. Un-said', Un-saf-is-fao'to-ry, Un-sa'voary, Un-sorip'tu-ial, Un-scra'-pu-loos, TJn-sea'son-a-We, Un-seem'-ly, TJn-seen', Un-seli'ish, Un-sei'vice-a-ble, Un-seftled, Dn-sha'ken, Un­shapely, Un-shrinlj'ing, Un-sigbt'ly, Un-skil'Sul, Un-so'oi-a-ble, Un-sofled', Un-so-Ii'cit-ed, Un-so-pma'ti-ca-ted, Un-sou^ftf (ou=aw), Un-soand', Un-spar'ing, Un-speak'a-ble, Un-spok'en, Un-spofted, Un-sta'ble, Un-stamped', Un-steod'y, Un-Etinf ed, Un-stning', Un-stud'icd, Un-sub-stan'tial, Un-suc-cess'Jul, Un-suit'a-ble, Uu-suTUed, Un-sung", Ua-sui-Bassei', Un-sus-oep'ti-ble, Un-sus-pecfing, Un-swerv'ing, Un-taint'ed, Un-ta'marble or Un-tame'a-ble, Un-tasfed, Va-tanghV, Un-ten'a-ble, Un-thank'£ul, Un-thinli'ing, Un-thriffy, Un-ti'dy, Un-timely, Un-ti'tled, Ua-touolied', Un-tioS', Un-trod'den, Un-ttou'Wed, Un-trae', Un-trath', Un-nsed', Un-u'sa-al, Ua-after-a-ble, Un-var'-nighed, Un-va'iy-ing, Un-wariant-ed, Un-wa'ry, Un-wa'vering, Un-weai'ied, Un-wercome, Ua-well', Un-tchole'some, Ua-TOeld'y, Ua-will'iag,Ua-wise', Un-wit'tiag, Un-wo'man-ly, Un-won'ted, Ua-woild'ly, Ua-wor'thy, Ua-iurit'ten, Un-iOTOBghf, Ua-yield'ing.

Ua- as a pi'eflx to simple verbs freqaently gives them a contrary sense. Among verbs thus formed are: Un-bai", Un-bolt', Hn-bnr'den or Un-burthea, Un-eloss', TJn-clotto', Tla-coiV, XJn-to-rei, Un-io', Ua-diess', Un-earth', Un-!asi'en, Un-fif, Ca-tal'» Un-giid', Un-Mnge', Un-horse', Un-Iace'. Un-Iade, Un-leam', Un-load', Un-locE, Un-mooi', Un-nerve, Ua-paolc', Un-pin', Un-rav'd, Uu-rid'dle, Ua-robe', Un-loU', Un-say", Un-sef tie, Ua-sheathe', Un-swatie', Un-tie', Un-tvrisf, Ua-veil', Un-icrap', Un-yoke'.

U-na-aim'i-ty, state of being unanimous. U-naa'i-inous [L. unxis^ one, animus^ mind],

of one mind. [unex]jectedly. Ua-a-wares' [wn-, not, and Aware], suddenly, Un-bend' [ttn-, expressing reversal, and Bead],

loosen, relax. Un-boa'om (ps—oo:!) [wn-, with contr:iry

sense, and Bosom], disclose freely. Ua'ci-al [L. uiuyialis, inch-high, tinaa, inch],

^vrittcn in large unjoined characters like early MSS., large size, capital. .

Un'cle [L. avunculus, a mother's brother, dim. of avuSf a grandfather], parent's brother, aunt's husband.

Ua-coa'scioa-a-ble (sci=s!i), [un-, not, Coa-science and Able], quite unreasonable.

Un-couth' (pu=oo) [O.E. uncftth; un-, not, cilth, p.p. of cunnan, to know], odd, awk­ward, imgainly.

Uac'tion [L. ung(7i)ere (p.p. vnctus), to anoint], act of anointing, anything soothing, religious fervour, gosh,

Uac'tu-ous, oily, bland. Ua'der [O.E. under], below, beneath, included

in, in the time of. Un-der-bred' [see Under and Breed], not

thoroughly bred, ill-mannered. Ua-det-do'j cook insuiUciently. Un-der-go', pass tlu:ough, endure. Un-der-grad'u-ate, student who has not

taken his first cfegree. Ua'der-growth, slurubs or small trees growing"

among large ones. Ua-dei-baad', secret, dono with the hand

held imder the ball and lower than the shoulder or elbow,

Un'der-Iiag [Under and suf. -ling], one in an inferior position,

Ua-det-neatU' CUndes and O.lil. nmth<kti, nether], beneath, below.

Ua-dei>-rate', rate too low. [beneath. Ua-dei-shor, (wheel) moved by water passing Un-der-stand's have laiowledge of, infer,

take for granted, Ua-der-staad'ing, power to understand,

intelligence, agi'eement, Ua'der-stud-y, one who studies so as to. be

ready to take the part of another. Ua-der-take', take upon oneself. Un'dei-ta-ker, one who manages funerals. Un'der-ta-kiag, project engaged in, a

promise, Ua'der-tone, low tone. Ua'der-wri-ter, insurer, osp. of shipphig. Ua-due' [iin-, not ; O.J?, deii, p.p. of Umoir,

to owe], not duo, excessive. Un'du-late [L. nniuMre (p.p. •unduMtus), to

imdulate; unda, a wave], have an appear-aaca as ot 'ffa.vcs,

Un-du-la'tion, wavy appearance. Un'da-Ia-to-ry, wavy. Un-gain'ly [un-, [not, O.N. gegn, ready,

serviceable], clumsy, ill-shaped. Un'gnent [Ij. unguere Cpr.p, unguens, -enlis),

to anoint], ointment, Ua-hand' [«w-, expressing contraiy sense,

and Hand], take hands oU.

Unicorn 229 Utter D'ni-com [L. unus, one, cornU^ a horn],

fabulous animal with one horn. U-ni-fi-ca'tion, act of making into one. U'ni-fonu [L. Unvs, one, forma^ form], not

varying; distinctive dress worn by mem­bers of the same body, Un'ilormly.

U-in-!onn'i-ty, sameness, consistency, U'ni-fy [ir.L. unificare (p.p. UnificStus); nnuSy

one, facer^By to make], make into one, reduce to .unity.

U'ni-on (yoon'y&n) [L. unio (Unidn-is), union; Unus, one], act of uniting, combina­tion. U'nionist.

U-niq-ue' (ique=eek) [L. unions, single; iinus, one], single in Idnd or excellence. Unique'ness,

U'ni-son [L.'iln«5, one, sonus, sound], unity ol pitch, agreement.

U'nit [shortened from Unity], single thing or person, one, group regarded as an individual:'

U'nit-a-ry, ol a unit. U-nite' [L.wnTre (p.p.'finWiAs), to unite ; Unus,

one], join in one. U'ni-ty, oneness, the number one. U-ni-ver'3al, general, including all. U'ni-verse [L; urvus, one, vertere (p.p. versus),

to turn], all existing things as a whole. U-ni-^et'si-ty tL.^tui«ersi((U,'wb.ole, u.iilveKe3,

high educational institution. Un-kemjjf [un-, not, O.E. ceinhan, to comb],

not combedl Un-leS3' [formerly on les, on lesse; On and

Less], if it be not, except. Un-man' [un-, expressing revei'sal, and Man],

dishearten, ma.ke womanish, Un-pre'c6-dent'ed [^m-, not ; L. pre-, before,

cedere, to go], not preceded by a like case. Un-ru'ly [un-, not, and Rule], disorderly. Un-seat' [«K-,',I expressing a contrary sense,

and Seat], tnrow from one's seat, deprive of a seat in parliament.

Un-til' [altered from Unto], as far as, so that at length, before (with neg.).

Un'to [M.B. unto, for imdto, from Goth, und, unto, and To], even to.

Un-to'tf-'atd [«n-, not, O.E. tdweard, about to come], perverse, inconvenient, unlucky.

Up [O.E. iip(?>)], to or in a higher place, value, etc., wholly. [Java.

U'pas [ilalay. Upas, poison], poison-tree of Up-braid' [O.B. up, up, brcgdan, to braid,

weave, lay hold of], to reproach. Up'bring-ing, training, education. Up-heaVal, act of upheaving, a lifting of

part of the earth's crust, Up-heave', lift from below. Up-hold', hold up, to support. Uphold'er. Up-hol'ster-er [earlier upholster, upholdster ;

fr. Up and Hold], one whose trade it is to furnish rooms. (Verb) Uphol'ster. [etc.

Up-hol'ster-y, hangings, carpets, coverings, Up'keep, cost or means ol maintenance, Up'land, high land. Up-liit', raise. Up'Iift, feeling of exaltation. Up'mcffit, highest, on the top.

Up'per [comp. of Up], liigher. Up'pish [from Up and suf. -is?i], proud. Up'right, erect, righteoixs, Up'roar [Du. oproar; op, up, roeren, to ex­

cite], noisy confusiou. Uproar'ious. Up-root', tear up by the roots. Up-set', overturn, disturb. Up'set, lowest selling (price), reserve (price). Up'shot, result, end. Up-staira', on or toward an upper storey. Up'start, one who has risen suddenly. Up'ward, Up'wards [Up and suf. -ward], from

lower to higher, Ur'ban [L. urbSnus, belonging to a city; urbs

(urb-is), a city], pertaining to a city or town.

Ur-bane' [as Urban], courteous. Ur-ban'i-ty, courtesy. Ur'chiu [li. ericuis, a hedgehog], hedgehog,

little boy, Urge [L. urgere, to urge], press, insist upon. Ur'gen-cy, pressure, Ur'gent, pressing. [body. Urn [L. urna, an urn], vase with a rounded Ur'sine [L; ursus, a bear], pertaining to or

like a bear, U'sage (s—z), custom, treatment. Use [L. ml (p.p. usus\ to use], using, employ­

ment, need, visage, Use (s=z), employ, treat. Use'ftil, of use, serviceable. Use'less [O.E. Uas, free from], of no use. Ush'er [L. ostidrixis, a door-keeper, ostium,

a door], officer or servant acting as doorkeeper or walking before persons of rank, a^istant schoolmaster; introduce or escort.

Us-ftue-baufirA' (augh^av>) [Ir. uisge beatha, water of life], whisky.

U'sn-al (s=z), customary, common. U3'u-&uct [L. usus, use, fructiis, fruit], use

of property without the right to dispose of it. Usufruct'uary.

U'au-rer, one who exacts usury. U-su'ri-ous (5=2), partaking of usury, U-surp' [L. Hsurp&re, to employ, also to

usurp. Btjin. doubtful], seize and hold \vrongfully, UsuTpa'tion.

U'su-ry [L. '^ilra, use, enjoyment, usury], excessive interest, interest charged to a borrower, the exaction of this.

U-ten'al [IJ. "iliensitis, fit for use ; iiLi (pr.p. ntens, -entis), to use], instrument or tool, esp. for ]ritchen use.

U-tU-i-ta'ri-an, pertaining to utility; one whose ideal is the greatest good of the greatest number of people.

U-til'i-iy [L. Utilis, useful, utl, to use], use­fulness,

U'tU-ize, make use of, Utiliza'tion. Ufmost [0.E, Hitemest; double superl. of -dt,

out], extreme, last. U-to'pi-an [lit. w>v)her& \ Qk. on, not, to^oSf

a place], ideal but unpractical. [plete, Ufter^ [O.B, ttWmi, comp. of M, out], com-Ut'terS [M.E. vttren; O.E. Titian, to utter;

utj out], give forth, express audibly.

Utterance 230 Varlet Ufter-ance [see Utter 2], an uttering, power

of speech, U'vu-la [Late L. uvula, dim. of L. flfa, a

grape], fleshy parfc which hangs at the Back of the palate.

Ux-o'ri-ons [L. uxor (ux5r-isX a wife], excessively fond of one's wife.

Va'can-cy, emptiness, gap, unoccapied post. Va'cant [O.F. vacant; see Vacate], empty. Va-cate' [L. vacdre (p.p. vacatus), to be

empty], leave empty, quit occupation of. Va-ca'tion, act of vacating, period of cessa­

tion from wort, holidays. Vac'ci-nate, inoculate with vaccine to secure

immunity from smallpox. Vac'cina'tion. Vac'cine [L. vacclnus, belonging to cows;

vaccUj a cow], pertaining to cows; virus of cowpox.

Va'cil-late [L. vacillare (p.p. vadllattis), to vacillate], waver. VaciJla'tion.

Vac'u-ona [L. vacuus, empty], empty. Vacu'ity. ,

Vac'u-um, empty space. Vag'a-bond [I'- vaf^abundus, strolling about;

vagSn^ to wander], wanderer, tramp, rascal. Va-ga'ry [L. vaganj to wander], wild freak,

whim. Va'grant [earlier ro^arawnf; A.F. wakerant\

cogn. with Walk], wandering; a tramp. Va'grancy,

Vague [L. vaguSt wandering, vagan, to wander], indefinite, hazy. Vague'ness.

Vain [!/• vanus^ empty, vain], worthless, ineffectual, conceited.

Val'ance, Val'ence [prob. fr. Talence^ in France], hanging drapery of a bed, etc.

Vale [F, vat, L. vallis^ a valley], valley. Val-e-dic'tion [L. vale, farewell, and dicere

(p.p. dictus)., to say], a fareweU. Val-e-dio'to-iy [see Valediction], in farewell. ViU'en-tine [from St Valentine^s Day, Feb,

14], love-missive sent oa St Valentine's Day.

Val'et (val'it or val'ai) [F. i-akt, a groom; var. of Varlet], attendant man-servant.

Val-e-tu'di-na'ri-an [L. valetndo (raletudi-7115), health; valere, to be strong], invalid.

Val-haHa [O.N. valhbllj gen. -Mllar, hall of the slain], Norse heaven.

Val'iant ii=y) O-*-- - '^o-ilf^'^U pr.p. of valoir, to be worth; L. valere^ to be sirong], brave.

Val'id L^validuSi strong;valSre, to be strong], of force, sound. Valid'ity,

Va-lise* (va-Ues^) [F, valise • I t . valigia. Btym. unknown], travelling-bag.

Val'ley [O.F, t-a/ce; Jj. vallis, a valley] low tract between hills,

Val'Dp-ous, brave. \2Xov.lc [L. valor (val5r-is), worth; valere, to

be strong, be worth], personal courage. Val'u-a-ble, of great value, precious; (n. pi.)

things of value.

Val-U-a'tion, setting a price, estimate of value.

Val'ue [O.F. value (lem. 0! p.p. of raloir, to be worth); L. foZer , to be worth], worth, esteem; to rate, prize highly.

Valve [L. valva, leaf of a lolding-door; cogn. with volvere, to roll], (rarel leaf of a folding-door, movable lid for controlling passage of fluid.

Val'vu-lar, pertaining to a valve or valves. Vamp [iI.E. vaum-pay; M.F. avant-pied;

avant^ before, and piaZ, foot], upper front part of a boot; to patch, improvise an accompaniment.

Vam'pire TGer. vampyr; Serb, wmpfr; prob. of Turlash orig.], blood-sacMng ghost, blood-sucMng bat.

Van* [short for Van-guard; O.F. avant-warde, avant, before, uarde^ guard], front or front part of army or fleet.

Van 2 [L. vannuSy a fan], winnowing-machine, Van3 [short for Caravan], waggon, usually

covered. Van'dal [L. VandaluSy CJerman race which

ravaged Gaul, etc., fr. Teut. root], one who mischievously destroys works of art. Van'daliam.

Van-dyke' [from Van Dyclc^ Flemish painter], pictpUTO oy Yandyi:c, border with large points, one of the points; to cut cloth in this manner.

Vane [O.B. /ano, small flag], weather-cock, blade of a wind-mill. Carmy,

Van'gward [see Van^], front troops of an Va-nil'la [Sp. fainiUa, a pod, dim. of vainoy

a sheath; L. vagina^ sheath pod], Mnd of orchid, iiavouring got from the bean of the plant.

Van'ish [O.F. esvanir' L. ex-, out, vanescere, to vanish ; vdnus, empty], go out of sight.

Van'i-ty [L. mnus^ empty], empty pride. Van'quish [O.F. vdnquir, L. vincere, to

conquer], to defeat. Van'tage [short for H.E. avantage, advan­

tage], advantage. Vap'id [L. vapidxiSy stale, flat], spuritless,

insipid, flat. Vapid'ity, Va'por-ous, having the form of vapour. Va'po«r [L. vapor, vapour], moisture in the

air; to boast, Va'porize. Va'ri-a-tle, changeable. Va'ri-ance, quarrel, Va'ri-ant, thing differing in details from

something essentially the same. Va-ri-a'tion, partial change or difference. Var'i-cose [L. mrix (varic-is), a dilated

vein; ;5^^s, crooked], irregularly swollen (esp, of veins).

Va'ri-e-ga-ted [t. varius^ variegated, various, agere, to drive, make], having patches of different colours.

Va-ri'e-ty, diversity, collection of different things, a sort or kmd.

Va'ri-ous [L. varius, variegated, various], different, diverse, several.

Varlet [ll.l'', varlet; older vaskt, dim. of O.F. vasaly a vassal], i-ascal, servant,

' Varnish 231 Verbal Vai'msh [O.F. vernis (n.); etym. doubtful],

Bolution of a resinous material, gloss ; lay vami'ih on,

Va'ry [L. varidre, to vary], to change, be different in. Mnd, etc.

Vas'cu-lar [ti.'va.tatlum^ dim. of i;as, a vessel], of or containing vessels for conveying blood, etc!

Vase (s=z) [L. vasum, var. of vds^ a vessel], ornamental hollow vessel.

Vas'i>linc (or -ecn) [Ger. wcLSser, water, and GK. elaion, oil], ointment from petroleum.

Vas'sal [JI.L. vassalhis^ vassus^ Bret. goaZy a servant], feudal tenant, retainer, Vas'-

Vast [L. vasttts, vast], of great extent, Vat [O.'E. fwt], large tub. VaVi-can [L. (Mom) Vaticdnus, name of hill

in. Kome]i palace and official residence of the Pope.

Va*ti-ci-na'tion [L. vaticindrl (p.p. vdtici-ndtus), to prophesy; vdtes, a prophet; canere, to sing], prophecy.

Vaude'villc '(^dvil) [Sr. Vau de Vire^ valley of the Vlre, in Normandy], variety enter­tainment!

Vault 1 [O.F, wufe; li.volvere (p.p. volMus)^ to roll], arched roof or chamber, cellar; cover with a vault.

Vatdt^ fM.]?. volter^ to vaults w?(fi, a turn round; same as Vaulti], to leap, esp. with hand resiling on something; a leap,

Vaunt [F. vanter; Late L. vdnitdre^ to speak vanity; L.vanw^,vain],to boast; a boast.

Veal [O.F. veil; L. vitelhis, dim. of vitulus, a calf], calf's flesh as food.

Veer [F. virer; Late L. viTdre, to turn round, Etym. doubtful], change direction,to turn, change one's mind, slacken, let out.

Ve'ge-ta-ble (v^-) [L. vegetabilis^ full of life ; vcgetdre, to quicken], pertaining to plants ; a plant, food-plant.

Ve'ge-tal, of the nature of a vegetable, Ve'ge-ta'ri-Jan, one who lives on vegetable

food. Ve'ge-tate .'pj. vegetdre (p.p. veg€tatus\ to

enliven;' vegetus, lively, vcgcrc^ to arouse], grow aa plants do, do nothing but eat and grow. \ [general.

Ve^ge-ta'tibn, vegetable growth, plants in Ve'he-mence* great force, strong feeling, Ve'he-ment [L. vehemens (-entis); perh. ve-,

apart from, and mens (ment-is), mind], violent, intense, impetuous, passionate.

Ve'hi-cle [L, veMculum; veJiere, to carry], a carriage, means of conveyance. VeM'-cular, .

Veil (ei=ai\ Vait [0.!P. veile, a-veil; L. velum, a sail, a veil], cover for the face, curtain; to cover with a veil, hide.

Vein (ei^^ai) [L. vena, a vein], vessel which carries blood to the heart, fissure containing ore, disposition, mood.

Veld id as 0, Veldt [Du. veld, field], grass country'of S. Africa.

Fel'lnm ip.'F. velin, vellum; L. vituUnus, ol a calf], fine parchment.

Ve-loc'i-pede (c soft) (L, velos vel6c-is\ XS swift; pes (ped-is), a foot], a cycle. "

Ve-lo'ci-ty (<f) [L. vmj; (ueloc-is), swift], swiftness, speed.

Ve-lours' (t>!i=oo)[F.w?our5, velvet], woollen fabric with velvet pile.

Vel'vet [Low L. velluelum, velvet; L. villus, shaggy hair], silk fabric with cla-se nap, Vel'veteen.

Ve'nal [L, venus, sale], ready to accept bribes. Venal'il^.

Vend [L. venderey to sell], sell. Vend'er, Vend'or, seller. Ven-det'ta [It. vendetta^ L. vindida, ven­

geance; vindic&re, to avenge], blood-feud (ia Italy),

Vend'i-ble, saleable. Ve-neer' [Ger./wmiren, F./ourm'r, to furnish],

overlay with a thin coating of fine wood; thin coating. • [worthy.

Ven'er-a-ble, deserving reverence, old and Ven'er-ate [L. venerdrl (p.p. venerdtus), to

venerate; cogn. with vemts (vener-is)j love], to honour with respect,

Ven-er-a'tion, r^pect with awe. Ven'e-ry [L. vendrl, to hunt], hunting. Venge'ance [F, vengetj L. vindicare, to

avenge], punishment inflicted for wrong to oneself or another one is in te r red in.

Ve'ni-al [L. venia, pardon], pardonable. Ven'i'aon or Ven'i-son [L. vendtio, the chase,

gamo ; vendri, to hunt], deer-flesh, Ven'om [L. fCTienum, poison], poison, spite.

Ven'omous, [or veins. Ve'nous [L. vSTia, a vein], pertaining to a vein Vent[M.F,/(?n(e, arlft; L.jZn(?(?r6, to cleave],

opening for air or fluid to escape, utter­ance ; give outlet to,

Ven'ti-late [L. ventilare (p.p. veiUildtus), to blow; ventus, wind], to air, make public. Ventila'tion.

Ven'ti-la-tor, contrivance for ventilating. Ven'tral [L, venter^ the belly], abdominal, Ven'tri-cle [L. ventnculus, dim. of venter, the

belly], cavity of an organ, esp. one of two cavities of the heart.

Ven-tril'o-quism [L. ventnloquus, speaking from the belly; venter^ belly, loqui, to speak], art of speaking so that the sound does not seem to come from the speaker, Ventril'oquist.

Ven'ture [shortened from M.E. aventure, adventure], dare, to risk; a risk.

Ven'tuie-some, Ven'tu-rous, bold, daring. Ven'ue [F, venue, a coming; F. vcnir, L.

venire, to come], place where an action is laid,

Ve-ra'cious (aci=aisJi) [L. verdx (verdc-is), true;v^Tis,true],truthful,true. Vera'city,

Ve-raii'da(h) [Fort, varanda, perh, fr. vara, a rod; etym. doubtful], open portico or roofed gallery extending along front or side of a building.

Verb [L, verbum, a word], part of speech expressing being, action, or suffering.

Ver'bal [L. verbum, a word], expressed in words, oral, pertaining to a verb,

Verbatim 232 Vice Ver-ba'tim, word for word. Ver-be'-na [L. verbena, sacred bough], a plant

witli fragrant leaves. Ver'bi'Sge, wordiness. Ver-bos'i-ty, wordiness. Verbose'. Vec'dant p> viridlSy green], green, fresh.

Ver'dancy. Ver'dict [IJ. verS dictum^ truly said], judg-

ment, decision of a jury. Vei'di-gris OI.F, verd de grice; O.F. vert de

Grecet green of Greece], green rust on copper,

Ver'durc [O."^, verd, L. viridiSy green], green­ness, green Tegetation.

Verge [L, virga, a twig, rod], border, edge, wand carried beiore a bishop, etc.

Verge l^- vergere^ to bend, incline], border on. Ver'ger, one who carries a verge, an official

who loo^ after a church interior, Ver-i-fl-ca'tion, confirmation, Vet'i-Jy [M.L. verificSre (p.p. vSriJicatus), to

Y^TUJ ; vinis, true, faceret to make], prove to be true, confirm. Verili'able,

Ver'i-Iy D ' verus, true], truly. Ver-i-si-mil'i-tude [L. vents, true, similis,

like], livelihood. Vert-iy [L- verus, true], truth. Ver'itable, Ver'ju^ce [O.F, verjtts; fr. verd, L. viridxiSy

green, and L. jus, juice], juice of sour apples, sour grapes, etc.

Vei-mi-cel'li (c=dt or s) [It. pi. of vermicdlo, dim, of verme, L. vermis, a worm], paste like macaroni made in long slender tiireads.

Ver-mio'u-lar [L. vermimdm, dim, of vermis, worm], lii:e a worm.

Ver-mil'ion [F, vermilion, a little worm, coclJineal insect; L. vennictdus, dim. of vermis, a worm], bright red pigment.

Veil mia [ « i:ermis, a ^orm], Taosioos animals, Ver'minous,

Ver'mouth, Ver'muth (OM, u=od) [Gor. wer-7?iMf/ wormwood], strong alcoholic liquor flavoured with wormwood,

Ver-ntwj'u-lar [L. vernUculus, native, vema, a home-born slave], of one's own country; one's native language.

Ver'nal [iJ* vemalis; ver, spring], pertaining to spring.

Ver'sa-tile [L- vertere (p.p. versus), to turn], turning easily from one thing to another. VersatU'ity.

Verse [IJ- vertere (p.p. versus), to turn], poetry, a metrical line or poetry or a group of such lines, poetry in general, section of chapter of the Bible.

Versed pj- vers^rl (p.p vcrsStus\ freq, of vertere, to turn], practised, skilled.

Ver'si-Sy P?- versifier \ L. versus, turned, /acere, to *makel, tu ia into verse, make verse. Versifica'tion.

Ver'sion [L. vertere (p.p, versus), to turn], rendering, translation, account.

Ver'te-bra (pl, -brae) [L, vertebra^ a joint; vertere, to turn], joint of the spine.

Ver'te-brate, having a spine. Ver'tes [L- vertex (vertic-is), top ; vertere, to

turn], highest point.

Ver'ti-cal [L. vcrficalis, verticiil, vertex, tcp], directly overhead, upright.

Ver'ti-go (or Ver-ti'go) [L. vertigo (vertigin-is), giddiness; vertere, to turn], dizziness. Vertig'inons.

Verve [F. verve; etym. doubtful], spirit, ene i^ .

Vet'y [O.F, verai, L. verits, true], true ; in a high degree,

Ves'i-cle [L. veslcida, dim. of vesica, a bladder], small cavity or cell in a bodj'.

Ves'per [L, vesper, evening star], evening stor, evening,

Ves'pers, evensong, evening worship. Ves'sel [L. vascellum, dim, of vas, a vase],

hollow receptacle,ship, duct or canal hold­ing or conveying blood, etc.

Vest [L, vestis, a garment, vesture, to clothe], waistcoat; clothe, put in possession,

Ves'ta [L. Vesta, Gk. Hestia, goddess of the hearth], was match.

Ves'tal, pertaining to Yesta, pure; vestal virgin,

Ves'ti-bule [L. vestihuhim ; etym. doubtful], porch, entrance-hall. [trace.

Vea'tige [L. vestigium, footstep], particle, Vest'ment [L. vestis^ & garment], royal or

.priestly garment. Ves'try [L. vestidrium, wardrobe; vestis,

garment], room attached to a church where vestments are kept, also where meetings are held, meeting of ratepayers oE a parish, board elected by them.

Vea'ture [L. vestxre, to clothe], dress. Vetch [O.F. vechc ; L. vicia, a vetch], plant of

the bean Idnd, Vet'e>an [L, veterdnus; vctus (rctcr-is),

old], of long experience; old soldier, man oi long fexpeTieBte.

Vet'er-i-na-ry [L. veterindrius, of beasts of burden, perh. fr. vctus (t-eter-is), old], of or for treatment of diseases of animals.

Ve'to [L. veto, I forbid], forbidding, right of rejecting; prohibit, refu?e assent to.

VeK [L. vexUre (p.p. rexutus), to vei], to trouble, annoy; (Scots) to grieve.

Vex-a'tion, trouble, annoyance. Vex-a'tionSj annoying, distiurbing. Vi'a-dnct [L. via dvcta, led way; via, a way,

ducere (^.p. ditctm), to lead], long bridge cariying road or railway over a valley or dip in ground,

Vi'al, see Phial [Gk, pMale, a shallow bowl], small bottle.

Vi'ands li,vivenda, neut. pl. fr. gerundive of vivere, to live], food.

Vi-bra'tion, motion to and fro. Vi'biate [3J. vihr&re (p.p. vibralus), to swing],

move to and fro, swing, quiver, resound. Vio'ar [L. vicdrius, a deputy, deputed], in

England a parish priest \\'ith some one over him who receives most of the tithes, delegate for another.

Vic'a>age, benefice or house of a vicar. Vi-ca'ri-ous, acting or sufEering for another. Vice [F. vice, L. vitinm, vice], fault,

wickedness,

Vice 233 Viscid ViCB [F. vis, a vice; L. vlHs, a vme], instru-l ment for gripping an article thab is being \. worked upon. Vice-ge'rent [L. vice, in place of, gerere (pr.p. ;>, gerens, 'entis), to carry on rule], substitute

for a superior. Vice'roy [L. i;ice, in place of; O.F. roy (L.

rex), Jdiig], one who governs as a delegate for the soFereign.

Vi'cin-age (vl-) [L. vicinus^ near; vicus, a Hiillage], neighbourhood. Vicini'ty.

Vi'cious (ci=^sh) [L. vitium, yice], wicked, given to evil practices.

Vi-cis'si-tude [L. vidssim, by turns], change. Vie'tim [L. vicCima, a victim; perh. cogn,

with Goth, weihan, to consecrate], a living being sacrificed, one who sufEers through cruel treatment or dangerous under-taidng.

Vic'tim-ize, make a victim of, cheat. Vic'tot [L. viTicere (p.p. victus)^ to conquer],

conqueror. Vic-to'ri-a [from Queen Victoria], low four-

wheeled carriage for two. Vic-to'ri-ous, conquering. Vic'to^ry, defeat of an enemy. Vid'iisX [L. tictudlia, provisions; L. vlvere

(p.p.' victus), to live], supply with pro­visions ; (n. pi.) food.

Vicf ital-Zery tavern-keeper, provision-ship. Vie [M.B. V"ien, short lor envien^ to vie ; O.F.

envier', to invite], strive for superiority. View [O.P. veue, fern. p.p. of veoir, to see;

L. viddrej to see], sight, inspection, scene, picture of a scene, opinion; look at.

Vi'gil (vl-) [L, vigil, awake; vigere, to be lively], ;watch, eve of a festival,

Vi'gi-lanc'e, watchfulness, Vign-ette \vccn-yel') [dim. of P. vigne, vine],

ornament of leaves and tendrils in archi­tecture , or round printed capitals, small engraving, esp. oh title-page or at begin­ning of chapter of book."

„ Vig'o-rous,'Strong, robust, ~~Vigojir [L.t)i'(;or, vigour; fz^ere, to be lively],

activcTstrength, energy. Vik'ing, Vi'king [O.N- vikingr^ a pirate, lit. a

warrior; vlg, war], Northern sea-robber. Vile [L. rtZUj-vilejjlow; base,^infuL, Vil'i-fy [L. vilis, vile, faccre, to make],~speak

ill of, defanie. Villa [L, vilUi a farm-house], country or

suburban i-esidence. Vil'lage lOJ^^^illage ; L. villaticus, belonging

to a farm-llouse], group of houses smaller than a towii,

Villai'n [AJi'.l'^vilcin^ a bondman; Late L. villamiSf a farm-servant], rascal,

Vil'Iazn-ous, rascally, wicked. Vil'iazn-y, esrfcreme wickedness, Vim [L. vis, ace. vim^ strength], vigour. Vin'di-cate [L. vindicdre (p.p. vindicatus), to

lay claim to ;- vindex, a claimant], main­tain cause of, ,aei:end, justify. TRu'dicator.

Vin-dio'tive [shortened fr. vindicative; L. vindictay vengeance; vindicare, to avenge], revengeful,

Vine [L. vlTiea^ a vineyard; vlnum, wine], climbing plant which bears grapes.

Vin'e-gar [P. vinaigre; vin (L. vimim\ wine, and aigre (L. acer), sour, sharp], sour liquid got from wine, cider, etc.

Vi'ne>y [see Vine], hothouse for vines. Vine'yard [O.E, wiiigeard, plantation of

vines. [wine. Vi'nouB [L.'vinum^ wine], of, like, or due to Vinf age [P. vendange; L. vindemia, vintage ;

L. t'lnwm, wine, demere^ to take away], time of grape-gathering, season's produce of grapffi or wine.

Vint'ner .[L. vinetum^ a vineyard; vinum, wine], wine-seller.

Vi'ol [Late L. vUula, a viol; etym. doubtfiU], stringed musical instrument, predecessor of violin.

Vi-o'la [It. viola], large Idnd of violin. Vi'o-late [L. vioihre (p.p. vioMtus), to violate;

viSy force], to abuse, profane, transgress, Viola'tion.

Vi'o-lence, violent conduct, unjust force. Vi'o-lent [L. violentus, violent; vis, force],

forcible and fierce. Vi'o-let [M.]?. viokt, dim. of viole (L. viola)y

a violet], small flower of various colours; bluish purple.

Vi-O-lin' [It. violiTiOj dim. of viola, a viol], four-stringed instrument, fiddle.

Vi-O-lon-cel'lo (c~tch) [It. dim. of vioJonc, a bass-viol], long-stringed bass violin.

Vi'per [ii. vipera, a viper], kind of venomous snake. Vi'perous.

Vi-ra'go(a=aJ) [L.nVa^o, a manlike woman; viT, a man], turbulent woman.

Vir'gin [L. virgo (virgin-is\ a virgin], maid. Virgin'ity.

Vir'gin-al, •Vir'gin-als [fr. Virgin], square leg­less musical instrument of the 16th and 17th centuries.

Vi-rid'i-ty [L. inridis, green], greenness. Vir'Ue [L, mnlis, virile; vir, a man], having

masculine vigour. Vir-il'it-y, manhood, manliness. Vlr-ta u=oo) [It. virth, doublet of Virtue],

love of the fine arts, articUs oj virtu, things that are valuable because of workman­ship, antiquity, rarity, etc).

Vir'tu-al [M.L. virtxmlis- see Virtue], ia effect though not in, name.

Vir'tue [L. virtus, manly excellence; vir, a man], inherent power, merit, moral es-cellence.

Vii-tuo'30 (pi-) -si i=ee) [It.], one with special knowledge of the fine arts, one skilled in playing or singing. Viltuos'ity.

Vir'ta-oua, having moral excellence, Vit'u-leilt [L. liirulcniiis, virulent; L. virus,

poison], poisonous, bitter in enmity. Yil'ulence. [venom.

Vj'nis [1J.], contagious poisonous matter, Via'age (s—z) [L. vlsus, sight, lools:; viderc,

to see], face. Vis'cei-a [L. viscera (pi.)], entrails. Vis'cii, Vis'oous [L. viscum, mistletoe; Gk.

i ixos, mistletoe], sticky, Tfiscos'ity.

Viscount 234 Vortex Vis'count [li. vzcSf in place of; comes, a

count], nobleman below an earl. Vi-s6 (vee'zai) fp.p. of F, viser, fr. L.

vidcrcy to see], endorsement on passport, etc., showing that it has been found correct; p.p. Vis§d or Vis6*d.

Vis'i-ble (s=z) [L. videre (p.p. visas), to see], that can be seen, Viabil'ity.

Vi'sion (si=z/i) [L. iJ/iZere (p.p. vism\ to see], sight, that which js^seen, esp. in a dream.

Vi'sion-a-ry, fanciful;' one who sees visions. Vis'it [s=z) [L. visitttTe, freq. of vlsere, to

behold, fr. H^KS, p.p. of videre^ to see], go to see, call, afflict; act of going to see,

Via'it-ant, Vis'it-or, one who visits. Vis-it-a'tion, official visit, divine dispensa­

tion. Vi'sor [CIT, visiere, visor; vis, the face], front

upper part of a helmet, mast. Vifl'ta (It. vista, lit. a view, also fern. p.p. of

videre, to see; L. videre\, view through an avenue or the lite, mental prospect or retrospect.

Vis'u-al [L. "msus, sight, also p.p. of videre, to see], pertaining to sight.

Vis'u-a-lize, make visible to sight, call up mental picture of.

Vi'fal [L^vitulis, vital; vita, life], relating to life, essential.

Vi-tal'i-ty, principle of life, vital force. Vi'tal-ize, give life to. Vi'tals, organs necessary for life. Vifa"min(e) [L. vita, life], life-giving element

in food, Vi'ti-ate (viii=vis7iz) [L. viiidTe (p.p. vitiatus),

to vitiate; vitium, vice], impair, corrupt. Vit'i-cul-ture [L. vitis^ a vine; culiura, cul­

ture], cultivation of the vine, Vit're-ous [L. vitrum, glass], consisting of or

like glass. Vitreo'sity. Vit'ri-ol [L. vitreohis, glassy, viirum, glass],

sulphuric acid, bitter speech, Vitrioric. Vi-tu'pe>ate (i) [L, vituperare (p.p. vitu-

peratus), to blame; vitium, vice, parSre, to prepare], blame loudly, scold. Vitnpera'-tive.

Vi-tu-per-a'tion, abuse. Vi-va'cious (vl) [L. vlvdx (viv5c-is), tenacious

of life; vlvere, to live], lively, sprightly. Vi-va'ci-fy, liveliness. Viv'id [L. vlvidtis, lively; vlvere, to live],

intensely bright, lively. Viv'i-fy [F. vivifier; L. vlvus, living, facere,

to make], give life to, Vi-vi'par-0U3 \Tj,vivus, living, parere, to bring

forth], bringing forth young alive (not hatching by means of egg).

Viv-i-sec'tion [L. vlvus, living, sectio (section-is), a cutting], dissection of living animals.

Vis'en [O.E, fi/xen], female fox, ill-tempered woman,

Viz-ier' ie=ee) (Arab, wazzr, a councillor, orig, a porter; wo^cera,to bear a burden], high official in Mohammedan states.

Vo'ca-ble [F. vocable, L. vocabulum; L. vocdre, to call, v5x (voc-is\ voice], a word (esp. with reference to form).

Vo-cah'u-la-ry [sec VocaUe], alphabetical list of wor(fe, stock of ^'ords.

Vo'cal [L. vocdlis, vocal; v5x (vdc-is), voice], relating to the voice or speech.

Vo'cal-ist, singer. [sounds. Vo'cal-ize, form into voice, sing to the vowel Vo-ca'tion [L. vocare (p.p. vocritus), to call],

divine summons, calUng, business. Voca'-tional.

Voc'a-tive [L, vocare, to call], cape used in address,

Vo-cif er-ate [L. vuciferdrl (p.p. vociferaius); v5x (vSc-is), voice, ferre, to carry], exclaim, shout. Vwjilera'tion.

Vo-cif e>ous, noisy, clamorous. Vod'ka [Buss, vodka], intosicatiug liquor dis­

tilled from rye. Vogue [F. vogue, fashion, orig. sway; It.

vogarc, to row in a galley; M.H.G. wdgen, to fluctuate], prevailing fashion.

Voice [L. vox (vdc-is), voice], sound uttered by the mouth, a vote, form of a verb which shows the relation between subject and action; give utterance to.

Void [O.F. voide. Etym. doubtful], empty, null, invalid; empty space; render invalid.

Vora-tile [L. volare (p.p. vol&tus), to fly], subject to evaporation, light-hearted, airy, fickle. Volatil'ity,

Vol-can'ic, pertaining to volcanoes. Vol-ca'no p t . volcano; L. VoIcSnus, Vul-

cdnus, Vulcan, the god of fire], mountain from which molten rock, steam, and gases issue.

Vole [shortened from vole-mouse; Norw. voll, field], a mouse-like rodent.

Vo-Ii'tlon (i) [M.L. volitio, volition; L. volo, I wish], exercise of will, choice.

Volley [L. volare, to fly], discharge of missiles; discharge in a volley.

Volt [from A. Volta^ an Italian physicist], unit of electromotive force. Volt'age.

Vol'u-blfl [L. volabilis, voluble; volvere, to roll], of rapid and fluent speech. Vola-bU'ity.

Vol'mne [L. volUmen (wlumin-is), a roll, scroll; L. volvere, to roll], book or part of a book bound in one cover, bulk,

Vo-lu'mi-nong, consisting of many volumes, producing many books, bulky.

Vol'un-ta-ry [L. voluntas, free will; velle (pr.p. volens, 'entis), to will, wish], done of one's free will; organ solo in church.

Vol-nn-teer', one who serves of his own free will; to offer service.

Vo-lup'tu-ous [L. volupt&s, pleasure], luxuri­ous, sensual,

Vom'it [L. vomere (p.p, vomUus), to vomit], eject from the stomach by the mouth; that wMch is vomited, an emetic.

Vo-ra'cious (ci=sh) [L. vorax (vordc-is), greedy; vordre, to devour], greedy in eating,

Vot-a'ci-ty, greed in eating. Vor'tex; (pi.) Vor'tices, Vor'texea ih. vortex,

vertex, a whirlpool], whirling gas or liquid, whirlpool.

Vortig-inous 235 Waltz Vo>tig'in-ous [L. vertigoy var. of vertigo], '' whirling. yo'ta-ry pD. vovere (p.p. votu^\ to vow], •'. worshipper, one dovoted. Vot'aress.

Vote [L. vdtum, a wish; vovere (p.p. votus), ;';to vow, formal expression of choice or ppiniou by ballot, etc.; give a vote, .choose or grant by suiSrage.

Vo'tive, given, etc., in fulfilment of a vow. Vouch [O.F, vochier; L. vocare, to call, sum-

iflon], confirm, be surety. Vouoh'er, one who or anything (esp. a docu­

ment) which proves the correctness of a transaction.

Voueh-3a!e' [see Vouch and Safe], condescend to grant,

VowCO.r.veUj'WOu; L.ro/Mm, avow],solenm promise; assert solemnly,

Vow'el [L. vocalis (Uttera), vocal (letter)], letter which represents an open sound, an open sound.

Voy'i^e [L. vidticumy provisions for a jour­ney ; via^ a way], sea journey.

Vul'can-ite [L. V'ulcamts, god of fire], rubber hardened with sulphur,

Vul'gar [L. vulgaris^ relating to the common people; vulgus, the common people], com­mon, coarse, in general use. Vul'garize.

Vnl-gar'-i-ty, coarseness, low manners. Vul'gate [L. (editio) vulgata, fem. p.p. of

vulgare^ to make public], Latin version of the Bible prepared by Jerome in the 4th century.

Vul'ner-a-ble [L. vulnerare, to wound; m^ nus (vvlner-is) a wound], capable of being wounded, Vulnerabil'ity,

Vul'pine [L. vulplnus; vulpes, a fox], foiy, cunning,

Vul'ture [L. vultur, a vulture, vellere^ to pluck], carrion-eating bird.

Vy'ing, pr.p. of Vie (q.v.).

•\ w Wad (a==^ [Swed, vadd, wadding], little

mass of soft material; to form into a • wad, to line with wadding, to put a wad into. I [padding.

Wad'ding' (a=5), soft material used for Wad'dle (a=d) [freq. of Wade], rock in

walking; Wade [O.E. wadan; cogn. w. L. vddere, to go],

walk as .through water, Wa'der, one who wades, wading bird, (pi.)

liigh waterproof boots. [dry-Wad'i (a=^) Arab. wadt\^ watercourse often Wa'fer [0;3?.' waufre. Low Ger. wafel, Ger.

icajfely a;.wafer], thin cake,, disc used for sealing. ';

Wait [for waj5',var. of Wave], impel through fiir or water; sweep of a wing, whiff, a waving, *

Wag^ [11. Swed. icagga, to wag, to sway], move or be shaken to and fro; a shake.

Wag2 [for wag-haUer, gallows-bird], a wit.

Wage [O.F. wage, later gage, a gage, wage], \ j (generally pi.) regular payment for work * done. [on.

Wage [O.F, tcagier, waigiery to pledge], carry Wa'ger [O.F. wa/jeure; Low L. v:adidtiiray a

wager, wadiUre, to pledge], a bet; to stake. Wag'gish, roguish'in merriment. Wag'gery, Wag'gle [freq. of Wag^], wag frequently, Wag'gon, Wag'on [Bu. uagen, a waggon],

four-wheeled vehicle for loads. Wag'-(g)oner,

Wag(g)-on-etie' [dim. of Wagon], carriage with seats along the sides.

Waif [Icel. r« / , a thing flapping about], ownerle^ object, homel^s person, esp, child.

Wail [0 JT, vceUy to wail, vce I woe !], make a mournful outcry; plaintive cry.

Wain [O.E. locegn; cogn, with L. vehere^ to carry], waggon,

Wain'scot [Du. wagenschot; M. Du. icaeghey a wave, schol^ a partition], wooden lining of room walls; line with wainscot.

Waist [M.E, -waest^ strength; see Wax2], part of the body immediately below the ribs, middle part of a ship.

Waist'eoat, man's vest. Wait [O.F. waiteTy to watch; O.H.G. icahta,

a watchman], to stay, attend at table; " watch.

Wait'er (fem. Waif ress), attendant at table in hotels, etc., a tray.

Waits [O.F. waite, a watchman], a band of carol-singers.

Waive [O.F. guesver^ to waive ; prob. fr, Icel. veijay to vibrate], give up claim to, put aside,

Wake [partly fr. O.E. wacan, to arise, and partly fr. O.E. wacian, to watch], watch by a corpse; be awake, rouse, watch (a corpse].

Wake [Icel. foX*, opening in ice; t-oAr, wet], track of a ship.

Wa'ken [O.E. wtccTian], cease to sleep, rouse. Wale, Weal [O.E. •WJO/M, a weal; cogn. with L.

volvere, to roll], ridge raised on flesh by stroke of a rod, etc.; orig. sense rod.

Walk imaiffl-) [O.E, weakan^ to roll, rove], move on by steps, cause to walk ; act of walking, manner of walking, manner of life, path.

Wall ia=aw') [L. vallum^ a rampart, orig, row of stakes], long structure of stones, etc.

WalI-eyed[Icel.'pQ?d-ey£rf/ir, wall-eyed, fr.rag;?, a beam, and eygthr, eyed ; auga, eye], with eyes showing abnormal amount of white,

Wal'let (a—iy) [?], bag or sack, leather case. Wal'lop (ff=o) [?], thrash. Wal'low (a—O) [O.E, wealwian, to roll;

cogn, with L. volvSre], roll in mire, etc, Wal'nut (a—aw) [O.E. wedlhy foreign; Gaul­

ish, hmitiiy nut], tree, also its edible nut. Wal'rus (a=ai^) [Du. walrus; Icel. hross'

hvalT._. horse-whale], lai^e tusked arctic animal.

Waliz iicawlss) [Ger. walzery a waltz, -walzen, to roil], whirling dance; dance a waltz,

Wampum 230 Weal Wam'pum (a=ff) [Ainer,-Ind. wampum;

icompif white], shell beads used for money or decoration.

Wan [O.E. icantijy pale, exhausted-looMiig. Wand (a—d) [O.X.wMrfr, a switch], slender

rod. Wau'der ( a ~ ^ [O.E. uandria7i]j go from

place to place, ramble, luvo. Wane [O.E. wanian]^ decrease, diminish. WUnt Ca=«w) O.N. vant, neut. ol vanr, lack­

ing], lack, need, scarcity; be without, feel need ol.

Wan'ton (a=(5) [ALE. wantoun^ irantoicen^ ti;an=pTeL tm-, -taicen, fr. O.E. togen, p.p. of icon, to draw, educate], reckless, heed­less, playfiil; to frolic.

Wap'en-talce [OJN.vdjmatak; rdpn^ a weapon, taka, to touch], division of some counties,

War (ffl^aw) [O.E, •werrey E. guerre, war; O.H.a. wcrrdt broil], conflict (usually between, nations); make war. Wai'like.

War'ble (a=aw) [O.E. werhler^ to warble; M,H.G-. wcrbelen, old form of Ger, wirheln, to whirl], sing in a trilling manner.

Ward (a~aw) [O.E. iccard, a guard], to gaard, turn aside; protection, cliild under a guardian, division of a city, division of a hospital, defensive motion in fencing.

Ward'en (a~aw) [A.F. wardein. Low L . gardidmiSj a guardian], guardian, head official,

Ward'er ia=aw\ a keeper, a staff of authority,

Ward'iobe (a=aw') [O.P, icarderobe, later garderohe, a place for keeping robes], a cabinet for clothes, stock of clothes,

Ware^ [O.E. wane],(pl.)merchandise; (coll.) manufactured articles, esp. pottery.

Ware2 [O.E. vsosr, heediul], aware, look oui; for.

Ware'house, storehouse for goods, lai^e shop, War'fare (a=aw), state of war. War'lock (a=S) [O.E. wd^loga, traitor;

Mcer, tnitii, loga^ a liar], wi2ard. Warm (a=au)" [O.E. wearml, hottish, ex­

cited ; make or become warm. Warmth (a=aw\ gentle heat, zeal, fervour. Warn (a=aw) [O.E, •w(e)amian\, give notice,

to caution, Wam'ing (a—aw), previous notice, a caution. Warp (a=aw) [O.E. icearp, fr. ivcorpan^ to

throw; cogn, w. O.N, varpa], twist out of shape, pen'ert, move a ship by means of a rope attached to a fixed point; threads stretched lengthwise in a loom.

War'rant (a=5) [O.E. jraraTi/, ^aranf, a war­rant; Ger. gewahren, to certify, warrant], thing gi ong authority, assurance; serve as warrant for, justify, War'ranty,

War'ren (a=air) [O.E. warenne; Low L. varenna, a game-preserve], ground for breeding rabbits, or where rabbits abound.

War'ri-or(a=au') [see War], one experienced in war.

Wart (a=S) [O.E. wearte], small hard growth on the skin.

Wa'ry [see Ware 2], cautious. Wa'rily,

Wash (a=ff) [O.E. ivccscan], cleanse with water, etc., cany alonij by or a by wat(;r, tint lightly; act of wasliing, cloUicy waslied at once, motion of water, liquid food for pigs, lotion, thin coaling. [etc.

Wash'er (ct.=o), flat ring of metal, rubber, Wash'y (fl=<5), watery, weak. [Wasp'iBh. Wasp (a=6) [O.E. wcops], stindng insect. Was'sail (as=ds or ds) [O.iL -ues hil^ lit. "be

whole " ] , drinking-festival. Wast'age, amount wasted. Waste'Jul. • Waste [O.E. wcw/, waste; M.ll.G. n-a^te, a

waste; lu vastus, waste, vasi], unculti­vated, refuse ; to ruin, wear a^ay, spend uselessly; desert, useless spending, refuse.

Wast'rel la~ai)y thing spoilt in the making, good-for-nothing person.

Watch (a=d) [O.E. wwecccy a watch, uacian, to watch], wakeful attention, division of the night, part of crew on dnty together, small timepiece; (rare) wake, give heed to. Watch'fulness.

Watch'word Cc=5), password, motto. Wa'ter (a=:aw) [O.E. wccter], liquid com­

posed of hydrogen and oxygeii, lustre of a diamond; shed, sprinkle, or supply with water.

Wa'ter-fall', stream descending over j)re-cipice or steep slope. [spa.

Wa'ter-ing-place', frequented seaside place, Wa'teivlogged, so filled or saturated with

water as barely to float, Wa'ter-mark, limit of high or low water,

faint design in some paper. Wa'ter-proof, not letting water through;

a rain-coat, [basins. Wa'ter-shed, line of separation between river-Wa'ter-spout, whirling column of water. Waf tie ia=d) [O.E. watel, a hurdle], twig or

flexible rod, an Australian tree, fleshy appendage under a bird's throat.

Wave [O.E. wafian, to wave the hand], move as a field of corn in wind, flutter, beckon, shape like an undulating surface; advanc­ing swell of the sea, wa-\-ing motion.

Wa'ver [O.E. wcefre^ restlesd], reel, totter, hesitate.

Wa'vy, showing contrary curves, Wax^ [O.E, u-eax]j sticky substance pro­

duced by bees; apply was to. Was'en, Was2 [O.E, Kexa&.7t\, grow bigger, become. Wax'work, figure or figures in wax. Way [O.E, wcgl, that alon^ which one passes,

road, mannei*, Wa/fa-rer, traveller (esp, on foot). Way-la/, lie in wait for. Way'waid [for awayward; see Away], un­

accountable, wilful. Weak [back-formation from iceaken ; O.E.

wac, weak], lacking strength, feeble, in­flected by addition of syllables.

Weak'en [O.E. witcanl, make or become weak.

Weak'ling, feeble creature. Weak'ly, with little strength, feeble. Weal 1 [O.K. -wcla], well-being, happiness. Weal2 [see Wale].

health

Wear fea^f- . „ ^ - • ^ ^ . iosa

^throuffh „?• , ' ''feot br w?;?! "»m and

237 ^^^rehy

W Blt nr.E. Keii^ . J- "en of toasted

Jament. :| '^*"' *<>eiyaloudtshM y. "eep'er, one wi, *'*''«.

Weir, Wear rt& ™P°rtant.

Wd'ter fir E , '^"^ <»>. to

woff.' "'' ^> a '^ottJ. m a f t„f°-^- .»«•, a West fo E1 . "^^ JMo a

"Tience rir w . J > at which'™. ,.

W S a r ? c 2 ^ ^ " | i a t p C : °-^- ^--'^'.nj^

Wherefore 288 Wilful VSrhera'fore, for which, or what, reason. Wheie'with-al, with which; the necessary

means. Wher'ry [?], passenger barge on rivers, Whet [O.E. hwetlaUj fr. hxvcet^ bold, keen],

make sharp, keen, or eager; that which makes the appetite keen.

Wheth'er [O.B. lmcether\, which of two ; if. Whet'stone, stone for tool-sharpening. Whew, sound expressing astonishment. Vjfhey (ei/=ai) [O.B. hwdp, whejj, idiin part

of milk. WhifE [imit.], quick puil; to puff. Whig [short for Whiggamore; perh. fr. Sc.

whig^ to jog], one of party opposed to Tories. While [O.E. hwiV\, space of time; pass

pleasantly; during the time that, whereas, Whilst,

Whim [O.K. hvima, to wander with the eyes], freak, fancy.

Whim'per £for wTiimmer; perh. cogn. with Whine], whine softly; low broken cry.

Whim'si-cal, fantastic, fanciful. Whimsi-eal'ity.

Whim'sy [Norw. Icmmsa^ to skip], queer notion, whim,

Whin [ y. chwyn, a weed], gorse, furze. Whin [?],kind of stone. Whine [O.E. hwinan]^ utter a plaintive cry,

complain; complaining tone, Whing^er [?], short sword, <Hrk. [ioyfuUy. Whin'ny [freq. of Wiiine], neigh softly or Whip [M:.E. wippen^ to jump up and down

suddenly], lash, thrash lightly, whisk; a lash, parliamentary official who secures attendance of members of his party, etc., his summons.

Whip'pet [?], ]dnd of racing-dog. Whir(r) [unit.; perh. Dan. hvirre, to whirl],

make a sound of quick whirling. Whirl [O.N. and Swed. hvirfia; Ger. wiTheln,

to wMrl], turn round rapidly; turning rapidly,

Whirl'i-gig, whirling frame with seats, spinning toy.

WMrrpool, circular current in water. Whirrwind, mass of whirling air. Whisk [Dan. viske; Swed. viska^ to wipe],

quick sweeping motion, small besom, egg-beater ; brush or agitato lightly.

Winsic'er fsee WMskJ, iiair on a man's cheek. Whia'key, WMs'ky [Ir. uisge, water; W.

mjsg^ a stream], liquor distilled from barley, etc.

Whis'per [0. Northiunb. Imisprlan; imit.], speak under the breath ; low soft speech, rustling sound,

Whist [akin to Hist^ interj, enjoining silence], game at cards.

Wliis'fle [O.E. hwistUan; imit.], make a piping sound; shrill piping sound, instru­ment for producing such sound.

Whit [O.E. vnMy a creature, a thing], particle. White [O.E. hwH], of the colour of snow,

without colour. Whit'en. White'hait, small fish, prob. fry of herring

and sprats.

White'wash, lime and water; whiten with whitewash, clear a reputation. [place.

Whith'er [O.E. hwxdef\, to what or which Whi'ting [see White], prepared chalk, a

food-fish, Whi'tish, nearly white. Whifloia [corruption of quickfiaw], inflam­

mation of the finger, Whiftle [from obs, noun whittle^ a knile],

pare or cut with a knife. Whi3(2) [cogn, with Hiss; imifc.] imm tind

hiss; humniing hissing sound. WhQ (0=00) [O.E. ?iwd], a rel. and interrog,

pronoun referring fco a person or persons; wMch one ?

IFho-ev'er (0=00), any person who. H-Tiole [O.E, ?tdh whole; cogn. with Heal],

all, entire, healthy; entire thing. TFhole-gale', sale of goods in large quantity;

on a large scale, WholB'some, promoting health, sound, Whol'lj, completely. fFhoop [formerly lioop; see Hoop^], shout,

hoot as an owl, to cough with a back-draw ; a cry in pursuit, a hoot, a sound in drawing breath,

Whorl [contr, of M.E, whorvil, from O.E. hweor/aUf fco turn], ring of flowers, etc., round a stem, spiral turn,

Whor'tle-ter-ry [O.E. heorotberige^ hart-berry], fruit of a small shrub, bilberry,

fFho'ao, TT-Tio-so-fiv'er, whoever. Wick [O.E, iveoce], fibres or tape in lamp or

candle. Wick'ed [from obs. wikkCf evil; cogn. with

W e ^ ] , bad, sinful. Wick'er |>I.E. -wikcr, pliant twig; O.E.

wlcan, to bend], made of pliant twi^. Wiek'et [P. guichet; perh, O.H.Q-. wisken^

to whisk], small gate, in cricket three erect stumps with two bails on top.

Wide [O.E. 'KJ tTjjt'road, spacious across, far. Wid'geon [0,F. vigeon.; prob, fr. L. vvpio^

land of small crane], kind of wfid duck. Wid'owj [O.E mdwe; cogn. with L. viduuSj

bereft], woman whose Iiusband is dead. Wid'owJ-er, man whose wKe is dead. Width, extent from side to side. Wield [O.E. gewjjldan, to rule], to sway,

handle with power. Wife [O.E. 101% a woman], married woman,

(rare) woman, Wig [short for Periwig], artificial covering of

hair for the head. Wight [O.E. wiht, a creature], human being. Wig'wam [Amer. Ind. wigwam; Algonquin,

tciidicam, a house], tent or hut of a Iforth American Indian.

Wild (0 [O.E. icildel^ in a state of nature, not tamed, desert, tempestuous; a waste.

Wil'der-nesa [obs. iDiUlem^ a desert; O.E. wilder, a wild animal], desert, uninhabited region.

Wile [O.E, wih pcrh. fv. O.F, guile, a wile], sly trick; deceive, (used incorrectly) to while. Wily, Wi'liness.

Wil'ful, self-willed, intentional,

Will 239 Woman Will [O.E. willain.); willa7t(Y.),t(icvXtj by

.wiiich a person decides or chooses, a wish, testament; determine, wish, bequeath.

Will'ing, desirous, ready, consenting, Will'ingness.

Wni'-o'-the-wJsp' [Will, short for William, and Wisp], light on marshy ground.

Wil'loUJ [O.E, icelig]^ tree with pliant branches,

Wil'low-y, pliant, graceful. Will'y-niU'y l=will he, will he no(], whether

one wishes to do a thing or not. Wilt [?], vrither, droop, Wim'ple [O.E, winpel; perh. fr. Wind,2 and

O.E, pcell, pell, a covering], cover for neck and chin worn by nuns; lie in folds, ripple.

Wiil,'[O.E. tcinnan], to gain, earn, gain a vic-toiy,

Wince [A.E. uendr \ O.E, guenchir], shrink, start back.

Win'iJey [perh, corrupt, of linsey-woolsey], cloth of cotton warp and woollen weft.

Winch [O.E, wince], crank with a handle. Wind^ (I) [O.E, wmdan\j to coil, go in a

circular or curved course, turn repeatedly. Wind 2 (Q [O.E.], air in motion; exhaust the

breath, renew it by rest, sound by blowing. Wind'fall, unexpected gain. Wind'iiig T, a turn, curve. Windlass (?) [O.N, vindiMss; fr. vindill, a

winder, and &ss^ a beam], machine for hoisting.

Win'dlerstraw (?) [Wind (vb.), and Straw], stalk',pf various grasses.

Win'dow [O.N. vhidauga, lit. " wind-eye " ] , opening in a wall or roof, usually filled with glass, •'

Wind'pipe, passage for the breath. Wind'y» exposed to wind, wordy. , Wine [E. vmum, wine], liquor prepared

from grapes. Wine'bib^tet [L. vinum, wine; hibere, to

drink],'drinker of much wine. Wing [Korw. vengja; cf. Dan, and Swed,

vijige, a wing], organ of flight, flight, pro­jecting part of building, etc,; to fly, wound in wing or arm.

Wink [O.E. wincian]^ shut and open the eyes, shut one eye quickly, (with at) pre­tend not to notice; act of winking,

Win'kle [O'.E, mnda], kind of shell-fish. Win'ning, Win'some, charming. Win'noiy itO.E. windwian, to winnow;

wind (n.), wind], separate as chafE from grain.

Win'ter[O.B.], cold season; spend the winter, keep or feed during the winter.

Win'try, suitable to or like winter, cold, Wipe [O.E. wipian]y clean or dry by rubbing. Wiie [O.E. plTy a wire; cf, Swed. viray to

twist], thread or slender rod of metal; put vfire through, to telegraph.

Wiie'less, without wires; telegraphy without wires. '•,

Wiie'pul-ler, intriguer, Wi'ry, drawn.out like wire, tough. Wir'i-Iy,

Wiri-neaa, i

Wis'dom (5=c) [O.E. wtsddjn]^ quality of being wise, knowledge of the best means for the best ends, wise sayings.

Wise (s=z) [O.E, wis], having knowledge, prudent, judging soundly.

Wise [O.E, wise, way], way, manner. Wise'a-cre wiz-aHc-er) [M, Du, wijs-seggery

fr. Ger, weissagevy a foreteller, lit. wise sayer; cogn. with O.E. teitiga, prophet], would-be-wise person.

Wish [O.E. w^scan), to desire, long; a desire. Wish'y-wash'y [redup. of Washy], weak and

tlnn. Wisp [earlier wips *, cogn. with Wipe], small

bundle as of straw, Wis-ta'ri-a [fr, 0. Wistary an American], a

climbing-plant. Wiat'ful [perh. from Whist, with added

meaning of wishful], longing, pen^ve. Wit [O.E. witaUfto Imow], sense, clever and

apt language, witty person; know; to wit, that is to say.

Witch [O.E. wicce], woman with magical power, ugly old woman, very attractive woman.

Witch'craJt, practices of witches. Witch'er-y, enchantment, Witch'ing, enchanting, •With [O.E., shortened ir. wiiner, against], by,

in opposition to, in company of, in relation to, possessing, through.

With-al' [arch.], with, at the same time, also. With-draw', take back, retire. With-draw'al, taking back, retiring. Withe I; e=?orsilent), With'y [O.E. withig],

willow twig. With'er [iI.E, widren, to expose to weather],

fade, dry up, With'ers [O.E. •wither, against], ridge between

a horse's shoulder-bones. With-hold', hold back. With-in', inside, not beyond. With-stand', stand against, resist. Wit'ness [O.E. witnes], evidence, onlooker,

one who testifies; see, sign as witnes, state facts, prove.

Wit'ti-clsm [for witiyism], witty (or would-be witty) saying.

Wit'ting-ly [from Wit], knowmgly, Wit'ty, having wit, keen and amusing. Wive, take a wife. Wiz'aid [Wise aod suf. -ard], magician.

Wiz'ardiy. WVencd [O.E. msman], dried, shrunken. Woad [O.E. wdd], plant yielding blue dye. Wob'ble, Wab'ble [freq. of obs. wap, to

flutter], move unsteadily. Woe [O.E. wd], grief, misery. Woe'be-gone [Woe and Begone, p.p. of O.E.

began, to surround], sorrowful. Woe'ful, Wo'fnl, sorrowful, wretched. Wold [O.E. weald, wald, a forest], un­

cultivated plain or low hill. Wolf (o=oo) [O.E. w«y], wild animal of the

dog kind. Wolfish. Wom'an (p=oo) [0-E. wifman, lit. wt/e-man],

grown-up human female,

Womanhood 240 WritinfiT Wom'an-hood (0=00), the state of being a

tvoman, Wom'an-ish (ol a man), like a woman. Wom'an-ly, befitting a -woman. Womb (icoom) [O.E. wamb]^ place where any­

thing is generated or produced. Wom'bat [corrupt, of Austrl. womback],, kind

of pouched animal. Won del (o=U) [O.E. wnndor, portent], sur­

prise, miracio; be surprised, query in the mind, Won'derment.

Won'der-fal, surprising, strange. Won'dtoua [formerly wonders], wonderful. Wont (0=J or U) [ir.E. iconed, pp. of wonim,

to dwell], custom, accustomed. Won'ted, accustomed, usual, Woo [O.E. tcogian^ of obscure origin], to

court, mate iove to, . •• Wood [O.E. w«d^a], large collection of trees,

substance between a tree's pith and bark. WoodT)ine [Wood and Bine, dial, form of

Bind], honeysuckle. [from it. Wood'cut, engraTing on wood, also a print Wood'en, made of or like wood. [trees. Wood'peck-er, bird which pecks boles in Wood'ruff, Wood'roof [O.H. wuderdfe; perh,

allied t o O.E. ro / , strong], kinds of plant , some of them aromatic, [wood.

Wood'y [see Woo], well wooded, consisting of Woo'er, suitor, [cloth. Wool [M.Iij, oof], weft or cross-threads of Wool [O.B. ioulljy liair of sheep, etc. Woor-gath'er-ing, absent-minded; inatten­

tion. Woollen, made of wool; cloth of wool. Woolly, consisting of or like wool, Wool'sack, Lord Chancellor's seat in the

House of Lords. Word (o=W) [O.E., cogn. with L. verbum],

sound or combination of sounds convey­ing an idea, tidings, promise ; express in words.

Word'y, in words, using many words. Work (p—H) [O.K w^orc], ellorfc directed to

an end, labour; put forth effort, to labour, ferment. Work'ahle.

Work'a-day, used on workdays, ordinary. Work'box, box for sewing implements. Work'liouse, house for paupers, [operation. Work'ing, engaged in manual labour; Work'man-ship, art or skill of a workman. World (o=2i) [O.E. weoruld, world; wer, a

man, eld, age], earth, xmlverse, heavenly body like the earth, mankind, a class of men.

Worid'ling, one devoted to worldly pursuits. World'ly, devoted to the pleasure and

pursuits of this life. Wotldliness. Worm (0=3) [O.B. wj/rm; cogn. with L.

vefmisy small creeping animal; work gradually and secretly.

Worm'wood [O.E. wcrmdd, orig.'unknown], plant with a bitter taste.

Wor'ry (0=^) [O.E. toT/rgen, to strangle], to harass, tear with the teeth; vexation, fret.

Worse (o=ih) [O.B. wyrs (adv.), wijrsa (adj.)], comparative 0/bad, evil, ilL

Wor'flhip (o=u) [O.E, weortJiscipe, see Worth], title of honour, religious reverence, adora­tion ; adore.

Wor'ship-per, one who worships. Worst (o=il), bad in the highest degree ; to

defeat. Wotst 'ed (wooj^sted or woo'sted) [ir. Worsiedy

in Norfolk], well-twisted woollen yarn. Worth (o=U) tO.E. leyrihe \ cogn. with L,

vererif respect], of v a l u e ; valut:. Woi' thy, having merit , deserviog. • Wound Ipu^od) [O.B. -wmid], a h u r t ; inflict

a wouna. [seaweed. T ^ a c k [O.E. vrwc, expulsion], wreck, coarse Widiih [?], person's ghost seen before or

after death. iPFran'gle [freq, of Wring], quarrel noisily, J'Frangl'er, one who wrangles, one in first

class of mathematical honours a t Cam­bridge TJniversity.

IF rap [ i I .E . wravpeTi]^ cover by winding or folding; (n. pi.) shawls, tugs, etc.

TFiap'per, loose outer garment, paper enclosing newspaper, etc.

rFrath(cE=aHj) [O.E, wrcetkthu, fr. wrdlh], violent anger.

T'Freak [O.E. wrecan, t o avenge, orig. to drive], inflict, esp. vengeance or wrath.

r r r ea th [O.E. wrceth], something inter­twined, garland.

Wx^oihej entwine, encircle, JVteck [formerly wrack; O.E, tpra:ct e i -

pu^ion], ruin, ruins of a shijt; bring ruin upon, destroy,

rPreek'age, wrecked material. T^reck'er, one who causes wrecks or plunders

from them, one who recovers wrecked vessel or cargo.

Wietk [O.E. wreniid], small ssinging-bird. Tf rench [O.E. tcrenc], violent twist or pull,

tool; pull with a twist. TFrest [O.E, wra'stan]^ twist or force away ;

key for tuning a harp, etc. Wrestle [see Wrest], contend by grappling;

a stru^le. [knave, TFretch [0,E. tcrccca], mi-serable person, P'Ftetch'ed, miserable, inferior, contemptiblp. I'Frig'gle [freq. of wrig^ to move about],

twist like a worm; wormlike twist. 7'Fright[0.E, wyrht-a,B. worker,wi/rAi, work;

wi/rcan, to work], workman, esp. in wood. Turing [O.E. zcringari], twist and squeeze,

pain, extort. Wander, machine for pressing water from

clothes, TPria'Me [M.E. lorinkel; cf. JI, Du. urinckd],

slight fold ; t o create. W risfc [O.E. wristy orig. Jiandwrist; writJian,

to twist about] , joint between hand and arm. [wrist.

T^ristlet, band on wrist, watch carried on H^rit [O.E. geicrit, a writing], ^Titing, form of

written command, [etc. T-Frite [O.E. wfia«] ,makelet terswith a pen, Wntiie [O.E. icritkan], to twist, distort. P l^ ' t i ng , formation of letters on paper, e tc .

any th i ig written or printed,

Wrong- 241 Zest Wiong [O.E. wrang ;1CQ\. ra;u?r, awry; Dan.

fmnr/, wrong], nob right, incorrect; error, 'injury; treat unjustly.

IFroth (o) [O.'E. wrath], wrathful, angiy. Tl ry [M.B. icrient to twist; O.E. lerigiafi, to

turn], twisted.

; X Xy'lo-graph (js^^z) [Gk. xylan, wood;

grapliein, to write], wood-engraving. Xy'lo-nite iz=z') [Gk, a:ijlon, wood], celluloid. X-rays [letter X ; see Ray], rays penetrating

many things which cannot be penetrated by ordinary light.

Yacht (j/(ft) [Du.jagt; M.Du. jac/i;, a yacht, a hunting ; Du. and Ger, jagen, to hunt], private pleasure vessel.

Ya-hoo' [word coined by Swift], bmte in human shape.

Yak [Tibetan gj/ak]j humped Tibetan ox. Yam [Fort, inhame.^ a yam], tropical plant

with fleshy roots. Yan'kee [?], inhabitant of New England,

iuliabitant of the "United States. Yan'keedom,

Yap [iniit.], to hark, yelp. Yard [O.S, gyrd, a stick], unit of long

measure, 3 feet, spar to support a sail. Yard [doublet of Garden; O.E. geard^ an

enclosure], enclosed ground. Yard'arin, either half of a sail-yard. Yam [O.E. geam, thread], spun fibre, a

story, esp. a sailor's. Yar'roit! [O.E, gcerwc, yarrow], aromatic

plant',' milfoil. Yaw [O.LN". jaga,to move to and fro, orig. to

hunt]',' keep deviating from a (ship's) course.

Yawl [Du. jol, a yawl], ship's boat, kind of email yacht.

Yawn [0.1i.g£<>nian, gdnian], to gape, open mouth, wide through drowsiness or bore­dom ; 'involuntary gape.

Yea (j/ai) [O.E. gid]y yes. Yean [O.E. ^a?n'an], bring forth young (kid

or lamb). Yean'ling. Year [O.E, g^a)/-, period of twelve mouths. Year'ling;'animal in its second year. Year'ly, once a year, from year to year. Yearn[O.E.giernan; cogn. withQk. khairein,

to rejoice], feel desh-e or tenderness, to long,

Yeast [O.E. gist], barm, substance causing fermentatioji.

Yeast'y, frothy. [scream. Yell [O.E. gellan]^ scream as with agony; loud Yel'low [O.E. geoht, yellow, allied to Galli],

colour like gold. Yelp [O.E,' iVi;3tt7i],bark shrilly; shrill bark.

Yeo'msLaiil.'E.yoTnan^yGman; perh.fr. O.E. y gdy villagej, small landowner, member of - ^ the yeomanry force.

Yeo'man-ry, volunteer cavalry. V Yes [O.E. gise^ gese, perh. fr. gea sird, yea so],

a word of affli-mation. _— Yea'ter-day [O.E. geostra-, yester-, d^g, day, Z .

yesterday], the day last past. Yet [O.E. git]j still, so far, nevertheless,

moreover, Yew fO,E. iwjf evei^een tree. Yid'dish [Ger. jildiscfi, Jewish], mixture of

Hebrew and German used by Jews. Yield [O.E. gieUan, to pay], to produce, give

up, give way; amount produced. Yo'del [Ger. dial, jodehi], sing ^-ith rapid

change from natural to falsetto voice. Yoke [O.E. geoc], neck-frame for draught

animals, bondage; put a yoke on, to couple.

Yolk (ol=o) [O.E. gcolca, yellow], yellow part of an egg.

Yon, Yon'der [O.E. gcon], over there, Yore [O.E. gedra, lit. of years], time long past,

days of old. Young [O.E. geoiig]^ in an early period of

growth, not old; ofTspring, young people. Young'ster, child.

Youth (j>u=oo) [O.E. geoguih], state or time of being young, young man, young people,

Youth'ftil, pertainlag to, or suitable to, youth. Yule [O.E. gedl^ the feast; etym. doubtful],

Christmas.

z Za'ny [Ital. Zanni, abbr. of Giovanni, John],

buifoon. 5!a-ro'ba [Arab. sanba(t), a fold, a pen],

stockade (Egypt and Sudan). Zeal [L. zSluSy Gk. sSlos, zeal], fervour,

eagerness. Zeal'ot, one who is over-zealous, fanatic, ZeaVow, filled witb zeal, ardent, Ze'bra [-Port, fr. W. Air. zebra], striped

animal allied to the horse. Ze'bu [F. 2^6w; 'Tibetan tndzopo], humped

East Indian ox. Zemst'vo [Russ.], formerly an elective

assembly regulating afEairs of district in Russia.

Ze-na'na [Kind, zenana, Pers. zeiidn, pi. of zeii, a woman], women's apartments (India).

Zen'ith [Arab, semt, way, er-ras, of the head], point of the heavens directly overhead, height of succesa.

Zeph'yr [Gk, zepkyros, the west wind], west wind, soft wind.

Zep'pelin z=ts) [fr. Count Zeppelin, German inventor], ahship.

Ze'ro [It. zero, short for zejiro; Axab. sifr, a cipher], nothing, lowest point.

Zest [1I.E. zest, skin of walnut-kernel; Gk. schistos^ cleft, scMzein, to cleave], relish.

Zig'zasr 242 Greek Kalends Zig'zag [Ger. zickzack^ redup. oizacke, a tooth,

prong], having straight lines and sharp turns-

Zinc c='k) [efcym. doubtful; cf. F. zinc, Ger. zink]j bluish-white metal.

Zia'ga-ro (pi. -ri) [It.], gipsy. Zi'ou-ist, one who advocates the settlement

of Jews in Palestine (Zion=Jerusalem). Zith'er [Qer.jn7ft(?r],stringed instrument with

flat sounding-board. Zo'di-ac c=Jc) [Grk. zodiac^s, zodiac; zOdiacos,

belonging to animals; zodion, dim. of zoion an animal], imaginary belt in the lieavens with the ecliptic in the middle. Zodi'acaL

Zone [Q-t. 2on?, a girdle], belt, division of the earth bounded by circles parallel to the equator.

Zo-o-lo'gic-al [-W-j?c-], pertaining to zoolo^. Zo-ol'o-gy [Gt. zQiQUy an animal; logos^ 6lB~

course], science of animal life. Zo'o-phyte [Gk. zoos, living; phyton, a

plant], plant-lite animal. Zou'ave (pii=od) [Jb\ JCouave; N". Afr.

Zouaova, name of a tribe in Algeria], one of a French llght-infautry corps. •

Zy-mofic [Qk.s?/mo5is, fermentation; 2j/m , leaven], of fermentation, applied to diseases produced by germs, etc.

SOME CURRENT WORDS AND PHRASES Anti-Semitism, opposition to Jews, especially

in Bussia, Germany, France. Anzac (initials of "Australian and New

Zealand Army Corps"), an Australian or New Zealand soldier, the part of Gallipoli which these troops occupied in 1915.

Ar-m,a-ge[i'don (Revelation xvi. IG), tlie last great battle of the nations, as foretold in the Bible. The term was often used of the Great War.

Bears and Bulls: a bear is one who sells stock expecting a fall in the price, a bull one who buys expecting a rise,

Bertha (after Frau Jiertha Krupp, of the gun-maldng firm at Essen), a large long-range gun.

Blighty, soldiera' name for England during the Great War. A wound severe enough to procure an order for home was a "blighty."

Blind-alley (originally applied to a street with no exit at one end), used of an occupation for a young person not leading to a regular means of livelihood later on.

Block System* a system on railways by which no two trains should be on a section or block of a line at one time.

Blue Books, Parliamentary or Privy Council reports, so called from their blue paper covers.

Board oS Trade ITnits, the electrical units according to which the consumer is charged for what he uses.

Bocbe, contemptuous name for a CJerman much used during the Great "War, Fritz and Jerry (for German) were other names.

Bolabevism, adajjtation of Bussian word meaning tfie majority, A form of Socialism that aims at the attainment of equality and freedom through violence.

Borstal System, a system of imprisonment for young criminals, an important feature of which is tlie indeterminate sentence, the duration of confinement depending on conduct. On dkcharge such criminals are

assisted by a Borstal Association. So called from Borstal^ a suburb of Rochester.

Bradbury, a Treasuiy note for ten shillings or one pound sterling. The first of tliK e were signed by Sir John BraHhury, Secre­tary to His ITajesty's Treasury,

Braille System, the system for teaching the blind to read and write by point signs, invented by Louis Braille,

Cash register, a till with keyboard device for recording, and sometimes adding up, the amount of purchases,

Coal-box, a large shell emitting black smoke on bursting,

Comb-out, tho process of clearing out em­ployees,

Communiqufi, an official despatch. Concentration-camp, a camp Into which

non-combatants are gath(!red to prevent their assisting their fellow-countrymen inarms.

Contemptibles, Old, the Boldiers of the British Expeditionary Force in the early months of the war. The Kaiser was erroneously said to have spoken of Sir John French's '* Contemptible Little Army."

Derby Scheme, a scheme devised by Lord Derby in 1915 by which men enlisted to bo subsequently called up for military service when required.

Dora (colloquialism), Defence of the Realm Act, a war measure of 1914.

Earth, to connect with the earth (wireless term).

Fascist!, royalist party in Italy opposed to Socialism,

FrightJulness, the policy of terrorizing an enemy, especially tho civilian element, into submission.

Graft, direct bribes taken by one holding an official position, or profits wrongfully made by virtue of that position.

Greek K^ends, there are none I Kalends was a Roman name for the Isfc of the month,

Hansard 243 UBoat Hansard, a printed ofBcial report of the

domgs of the British Parhameut, Named from the publishers

Hoftaon s Choice, the thmg offered or nothing Bobson IS said to have let out horses for hire at Oimbridge and to have made his customers take m turn the horse next the stable door.

Internal Comhostion (see Gomhustion), in the eflgmes or motors of aircraft, motor cars, gtc , the prmciple by which a mixture of petrol, or other gas and air is exploded m the cylmder by means of an electric spark ifl such a way that the explosive force act's directly on the piston. In engines where coal or oil is the fuel, combustion is outside the cylmder.

Xron-ratiOD, emergency ration only to be eaten by permission

Joiiker (pron. YoongKeT)y ongmally a name for a young German nobleman, a member of the ultra Conservative Country Party, now an overbearmg mlhtarist

Eamerad (Ger), comrade, used to signify surrender

King S Evidence, witn^s for the Crown by an accomplice,

Ei^tur (pron Kooltoor\ German, educa tion which aimed at supremacy of the state m Glermany and of Germany in the world

League of Nations, compact or agreement among nations established m 1919 for prevention of war

Liaison officer, officer acting as a link Listening-m, listenmg to messages, speeches,

music, etc , broadcast by wireless Lloyd's, an association in London for collect

ing shipping intelhgence, registermg and ujsurmg vessels, etc.

Looping the loop, an air feat, the aeronaut causmg the machine to execute a complete circle or back somersault

Macliine-gun (Maxim, Hotchkiss, Lewis, etc), one so constituted that a large nvimber of shots can be fired automatically and swiftly

Maconochie (from manufacturer's name), a tinned concoction of meat and vegc tables

Monroe Doctrine, a policy declared in 1823 by President Monroe, U S A , of which the mam features were that the American continents should not be further colonized by any Luropean power, and that any attempt to interfere with any governinGnt whose independence had been acknow ledged by the USA. would be regirded as an unfinendly act

Napoo (soldiers' corruption of P 11 mj en a plus, there is none left), no more, it s no use, dead, etc , etc

Fa'ci-fist, Pa-cif i-cist, one who beheves that war can be abolished

PoUu, a Prench private soldier. The word in Trench means ItmrT/ The Irench soldier on active service is allowed to grow a beard,

Postal UmoTi, a yniwa, oi tTae chiei coimtTi«s to regulate international postal matters

Froflteei, to exact excessive profit, especially m a time of national emergency, one who exacts excessive profit,

Rontgen Rays (X-rays), rays which are due to an electric current through a vacuum tube and which penetrate some opaque substances,

Rotor ship, ship propelled by wind by means of revolving metal towers, and not by the agency of canvas sails.

Sam Brown(e) (fr name of Indian general who devised it), British of&cersbelt with supporting strap over right shoulder.

Snakes m Iceland, there are none I Soviet (a Bussian word meamng couna^, a

govermng assembly of a special CIE^S in the community.

Standing Ordera, settled regulations for the conductmg of busmess.

Strafe [pron. strahf (Ger. strafen, to punish), to attack violently, to punish, often ib>ed facetiously.

The Three Estates, m Britam the episcopal peers, the secular peers, and the Commons. (Sometimes erroneously apphed to Kling, Lords, and Commons )

Truck System, the system of paymg wages In goods instead of money

U Boat (Ger Untersee Moot, imder water boat), a German submarme.

CLASSICAL AND FOREIGN WORDS AND PHRASES

Occurring frequently in English hooks and conversation

Abbreviations: L., Latin; K, French ; It., Italian ; Ger., German; P., Portuguese ; Gk., Greek.

NOTES AS TO PRONUITOIATION" .

1. In using Latin and Greek phrases it is customary to pronounce as in English, escept that every letter is sounded.

2. In French, &=d(fatker) or li (bat); au=o ; e without accent is hardly pronounced at tho end of a syllable; ^=:ai (bait); 6,e,orai=ffin^e/, but longer; i=ee oTl(bit); ou=oo; oi=wa; u = a sound between oo and i (bit); ea=asound between ai and co ; cli=sh; 3, and g before e or i=zh; g, t, X, and z (preceded bye)ab tho end of a syllable are usually silent; single n has a nasal sound, somewhat like a faintly sounded ng,

3. In German, 8=5 (bat) or d (father); ^=ai; a i=i (tied) ; au=oto; aa=ot ; e~ai (bait) or i (bet); ei=i(bite); eu=oi; i=£?e or ? (bit); ie=€e; 6=uin murder; n~oo; U=sound between 00 and £ (6rt) ; c\x=chialoch; g is always hard; i=tj(ves); s often=z ; v = / ; yf-^v; z=ts.

4. In Italian, a—a (bat) or a (father) ; ae=i (tied) ; e=al (bait) or S (bet) ; i=ec or i(bit); u==oo; c before c or i=JcA; ch=k; z^dz; final o is sounded.

A b a s Auf Wiedersehen A baa (F,), down with. Ah initio (Li-), from the beginning. Ahonnement (F.), subscription. Ab ovo (L.), from, the beginning (lit. the egg). Abr6s6 (F.), abridgment. Absit omen (L-)? ^^^7 there be no ill omen. Ab urbe condita (L.), from the founding of

the city (Rome). Ad aperturam (L.), wherever the book opens, Ad finem (L.), to the end. Ad inanitum (L.). to infinity. [restriction. A discretion (F.), at discretion, without Ad hoc (L.), for that purpose. Ad majorem Dei gloriam (L.), for the greater

glory of God—the Jesuits' motto. Ad nauseam (L.), to the point of disgust. A outrance (F.), to the death. Ad referendum (L.)) for further considera­

tion. , Ad valorem (L.), according to value. Ad vitamiaut culpam (IJ.)» ^or "fs or till fault. Advocatns diaboli (L.), devil's advocate,

adverse critic. Affaire d'honneur (F.), an affair of honour, a

duel. Affaire de,C03ur (F.), an affair of the lieart, a

love aflair. A fortiori (L,), with stronger reason. Aide-de-camp (F.), otScer who helps a general

by carrying orders, etc. A la bonne hem:e (F.), very well (lit. "in good

time"). A la carte (F.), from the bill of fare. A la mode ((F.), in fashion,

Al fresco (It.), in the open air. Alma mater (IJO-I fostering mother (applied

by students to their university). Alter ego (L.), one's other self (applied to a

very close friend or companion). Alto relievo (It.), high relief. Alnmnos (L.)) pupil of a school or university. Amende honorable (F.), reparation. Amor patriee (L.), love of country. Amour propre (F.), self-love. Ancien r§giiiie (F.), former order of things. Anglic6(L.), in English. Anno Domini (L.), in the year of our Lord. Amio m:big conditte, A.U.C. (L.), in the year

the city (Home) was built (753 B.C.). Annus mirabilis (LOi the wonderful year. Ante meridiem (L.), before noon. A posteriori (L.), (reasoning) alt«r the event. A priori (IJ.)> (reasoning) before the event. A propos (F . ) , to the point. Aqua vitaj (IJ.), brandj^, spirit lit. "water of

life." Of. Eau do vie). Argumentum ad hominem (L.)t argument

appealing to a particular man, but not necessarily general.

Arpeggio ( I t . ) , striking of notes of a chord in rapid succession.

Arriere pens^e (F.), a mental reservation. Atelier (F.), studio, workshop. Aa fait (F.), well instructed, up to the mark. Au fond (1\), to the bottom, Au grand sSrieux (F.), seriously. Au revoir (F.), good-bye, until we meet again. Auf Wiedersehen (Qcr.), good-bye, until we

meet again. 24-5

Auto da fd 246 Ex post facto Auto daf (S (Port,), act of faith, public burning

of victims of the Inquisition. Avant-conieui (P.)i fore-runner,

Bean idSal (F.), ideal ol perfection. Beau monde (F.), the fashionable world. Bel esprit (F.), a brilliant mind. Belles-lettiea (P.), literature. Bite noire (l?.)j an object of special aversion. Billet dous (F.), a love-letter, Bizarre (F.), odd, fantastic Blas4 (F.), fatigued with pleasure. Bona flde (L.), in good faith. Bon gi^, mal gci (F.), •willing or unwilling. Bonhomie (F.), good nature. Bon ton (F.), good breeding, fashion, Bordereau (F.), a memorandum.' Brio-S-brao (F.), ornamental odds-and-ends. Bimdesrat (Qer.), the Federal Council of the

German States.

Cacoethes loqnendl (L.), a mania for speaHng. Cacoethes scribendi (L.), a mania for writing. Cseteris paribus (L.), other things being equal. Carpe diem (L.), enjoy the (present) day. Carte blanche (F.), full power, free per­

mission, Casus belli (L.), occasion for war. Ca va sans dito (F.), that goes sithout saying,

that is a matter of course. Cave canem (L.), beware of the dog. Chacun & son gout (F.), every one to his'

taste, Chat-i-bano (F.), carriage with benches. Charge d'aSaires (F.), deputy ambassador. Chateaux en Espagne (F.), castles in the air. Chef-d'oeuvre (F.), a masterpiece. Chevaliei d'indnstrie (F.), a swindler, [shade. Chlarosouio (It.), distribution of light and Cicerone (It.), a guide, Ci-devant (F.), former. Comme il fant (F.), as it should be. Compos mentis (L.), of a sound mind. Con amore (It.), with love, eagerly, Concierge (F.), door-keeper. Congfi (F.), leave. Contretemps (F.), an untoward event. Conveisazione (It.), official reception. Corpus delicti (L.), substance of the offence. Corrigenda (L.), corrections to be made. Couleur de rose (F.), rose-colour. Coup d'etat (F. coo-dai~ta), a stroke of policy, Coup de grace (F. coo-di-grcus), a finishing

stroke, Coup de main (F.), a bold stroke. Crdche (F.), public nursery for infants. Cui bono ? (L.), for whose good is it ? Cum grano salis (L.), with a grain of salt,

with reservation. Corrente calamo (L.), with a rapid pen, as

one writes.

Da capo (It.), repeat from the beginning. Dalai Lama, the head of the Buddhists in

Tibet. Data (L.), tilings given, D^but (F.), first public appearance.

De facto (L.), in fact, actual. Dei gratia (L.), by the grace of Ood. Dtoouement (F.), final solution, unravclhng

of plot in story or drama. De novo (L.), anew. •Deo giatias (L.), thanks to God. Deo volente (L.), God willing. De profundia (L.), from the deptlis. Desideratnm |X.], a thing desired* De trop (F. dS trS), too much, too many,

superfluous, • Deus ex macbina (L.), literally, a god from

the machinery (in a theatre), providential Interposition, one whose uneipected interference solves a difficulty. [fact,

Diehtnng und Wahihcit [Ger.], fiction and Dlctom (L.), a saying, a decision, Dies irse (L.), day of wrath, the day of judg­

ment, Dieu et mon droit (F.), God and my right. Disjecta membra (L.), scattered limbs or

remains. DistinguS (F.), of distinguished sppearance. Distrait (F.), absent-minded. Diva (ItO, a celebrated lady singer. Dolce far niente (It.), pleasant idleness. Double entente (F.), a double meaning, Douceur (F.), gratuity, bribe. DEamatispeiSOnro (L.), characters In a drama. Dulce domum (L,), sweet home,

Ean de vie (F.)," water of life," brandy, EccB Homo (L.), Behold the man 1 ficlat (F.), distinction, glory. Edition de luxe (F.), a very fine edition. Elan (F.), dash. [abundance. Embanas de richesse (F.), perplexing Emeritus (L.), retired from ofiice. En Samille (F.), with one's family. Enfants perdus (F.), a forlorn hope, lit. " lost

children." Enfant tetriWe (F.), a child that annoys by

untimely remarlffi. En £6te (F.), on holiday. En masse (F.), in a body. En passant (F.), in passing. En rapport (F.), in sympathy. En route (F.), on the way. En suite (F.), in a set. Entente cordiale (F.), friendly understanding

between two nations. Entre nous (F.), between ourselves. Ergo (L,), therefore, Erratum, pi. Enata (L.), an error. Esprit de corps (F.), regard for the interests

of a body one belongs to. Et cetera (L.), and the other things?, and soon. Eureka (G k.), I have found it. [authority. Ex cathedra CO.), from the chair, with Excelsior (L.), higher. Exempli gratia (L.), for example. Exeunt omnes [L.), all go out. Exit (Ii.), goes out. Ex libris (L.), from the books of . Ex ofilcio (L.), by virtue of his ollice. Ex parte (L.), on one side. Ex post facto (L.), after the deed is done.

Extempore. 247 Nuance Extempore (L.)i unpremeditated. Extra Inui03 (t.), beyond the walls.

Facile princeps (L.), easily first. Facilis descensus ATem! (L.), the descent to

Avemus is easy, FaitiaccompU (F.), thing already done. Faux pas (F.), false step, a mistake. Felo;de se (L.), suicide. Festinalente ( t .) , hasten slowly. Mie champitte (P.), a rural festival. Feu de joie (i''.), gun-liring as a sign of joy. Feuilleton (F.), part of a newspaper devoted

to'lighfc literature. Fiat justitia, tuat ccelum (L.), let justice be

done though the heavens fall. Fiat lux (L.l, let there be light. Fidel .defensor (L.), defender of the faith. Fin de siecle (F.), end of the 19th century;

decadent. Finis (TJ.), the end, Flagrante bello (L.), during hostilities.

Gar bn (F.), waiter. Gaudeamus igitui (L.), let us therefore be

joyful. Genius loci (L.), the spirit of the place. Gens d*anne3 (F.), armed police. GueiTB h, outrance (F-), war to t!ae uttermost.

Ha'ra-ki'ri (Japanese), method of suicide adopted by nobles in Japan.

Hauteuf (F.), haughtiness. Hie jacei (L.), here lies. Honi soit gni mal s pense (F.), evil to him

who evil thinis. Horritile diotu (L.), horrible to tell. Hers de comliat (F.), out of condition to

flght. [relish. Hora d'ceuvie (F.), an extra dish served as a Hortus siccus (L.), a collection of dried plants. Hotel de viUe (F.), a town hall. Hotel-Dieu (F.), a hospital in Paris.

Ibidem (L.), in the same place. loh dien (Qer.), I serve. Id est (L.), that is. Ignis fatuus (TJ.), a will-o'-the-wisp. Impedimenta (L.)) baggage. [sanction. -Imprimatur (L.), official licence to print, Imprimis (L.), in the first place. In camei^ (L-L-), in (a judge's) private room. In extremis (L.), at the point of death. In forma pauperis (L.), as a poor man. Infra dignitatem (L.), below one's dignity. In loco parentis (L.), in the place of a parent. In med^ res (L.), into the midst of things. In memoriam (L.), in memory. In nomine (L.), in the name of. In perpetuam (L.), for ever. In posse (L.), in possible existence. In propria persona (L.), in one's own pei-son. In re (L.), iu-the matter of. In statu (juo (L-)> in the existing state. Inter alia (L.), among other things. In totd| (li.), entirely. [statement. Ipse dudt (L.), he himself said it, a dogmatic

Je ne sais (luoi (F.), I know nob what. Jeu d'esprit (F.), a mtticism.

Laissez iaire (F.), let alone. Lapsus linguce (L.), a slip of the tongue. Lares et penates (L.), household gods. Le beau monde (F.), the fashionable world. LSse-majestS (F.), high treason. Lettre de cachet (F.), a sealed letter, a royal

warrant, [law. Lex non scripta (L.), unwritten or common Liaison (F.), union. Lingerie (F.), (supply of) linen articles. Lingua Franca (L.), a mixed language spoken

by Europeans in the East. Locum tenens (L.), a substitute. Locus standi (L.), recognised position. Lusus uaturse (L.), a freak of nature.

Magnum opus (L.), a great work. Mal i propos (F.), ill-timed. Mal de mer (F.), sea-sjolmcss. Manage de eonvenance (F.), a marriage of

convenience. [shyness. Mauvaise honte (F.), false modesty, awkward Mauvais sujet (F.), " a bad subject," a

worthless fellow. Mea culpa (L.), through my fault. TSemento mori (IJ.), a xennnder ol death. Memorabilia (L.), things to be remembered. Mens Sana in corpore sano (Ii.), a sound mind

in a sound body. Mtelliance (F,), unsuitable marriage, Meum et tuum (L,), mine and thine, Mirabile dictu (L.), wonderful to say. Mise en setae (F.), a getting up for the stage,

stage effect. Modus operandi (ij.), manner of operation. Mors janua vitee (L.), death is the gate of life. Multum in parvo (L.), much in little, [tions, Mutatis mutandis (L.), with necessary altera-

N e (F.), bom (used before the maiden sur­name, but not Christian name, of a married lady).

NegligS (F.), loose or unceremonious dress. Nemine contradicente (L-), without opposi­

tion. Nemo me impune lacessit (L.), no one assails

me with impunity. Ne plus ultra (L.), notliing further. Nil admirari (L.), to wonder at nothing. NU desperandum (L.), nothing to despair

about. ffimpocte (F.), it doesn't matter. Nisi Dominus frustra (L-), unless God (bo

with us, all is) vain. [obligations. Noblesse oblige (F.), nobility brings with it Nolens volens (L.), willing or unwilling. Noli me tangere (L.), do not touch roe. Nom de guerre (F.), an assumed name. Non compos mentis (LOJ of unsound mind. Non seQuitur (L.), it does not follow. Nota bene (L.), mark well. [rich. Nouveau noho (F.), person newly become Nuance (F.), very slight diHerence in mean-. ing, etc.

NuUi secundus 248 Terra firma NulU secundus (L,), second to none. Nunc aut nuniiuam (L.)> ^o^ o^ never.

Obiter dictum (L.). a thing said by the way. On dit (F.), people say, ib is said. Onus probandi (L.), the burden of proving. Optimatea (L-), people of the first rank, 0 tempora I 0 mores 1 (L.), O the timea I

0 the manners I Otiom cum dignitatc (L.), ease with dignity. Outr (F.^, carried to excess, eccentric.

Par excellence (P.), pre-eminently. Par czemple (F.), for example. Pari passu (L.), with equal pace. Parole d'honneur (F.), word of honour. Pattie carrfie (F.), a party of four persons. Pass^ (F.), past the prime of life. Passe-partout (F.), a master-tey. Paterfamilias (L.), the father of a family, Paternoster (L.), " Our Father " (the Lord's

Prayer). Pax vobiscum (L-)) peace be with you. Peccavi (L.), I have sinned. Per contra (L.), on the other side. Per diem (L.), by the day. [wrong. Per faa et nefag (L.), through right and Per se (I'.)) W itself, himself, etc. Petit-maltre CF.)^ a fop. Piece de resistance (F.), principal dish, Pied-^-teue (F.), resting-place, temporary

lodging. Pinxit (L.), painted (this picture). Poeta naseitar, non fit (L.), a poet is born, not

made. [L 5). Pons asinorum (L.). the asses' bridge (Jiluclid Poste lestante (!•*-)) department in the post-

oiliee where letters remain till called for. Post mortem (L.), after death. Pour passer le temps (P.)? to pass the time. Pour prendre cong6 (i".), to take leave. Preux chevalier (F.), a gallant Icnight. Prima donna (It.), chief female singer. Prima facie (L.), at first sight. Primus inter pares (L.), first among his equals. Pro bono publico (L.), for the public good. Pro patria (L.), for one's countiy. Pro re nata (L.), for occasion as it arises. Pros and cons [can for contra, against], (L.),

arguments for and against. Prot gfi, fern, Prot6g6e (F.), one to whom

another is protector or patron, Pro tempore (L.), for the time being.

Quantum sufficit, shortened to Quant, aufl. (L.), as much as suffices.

Quasi (L.)) as if, in a manner. Quid nunc (JJ.), what now ? a gossip. Quid pro quo (L.), a return for a favour. Qui va 1 ? (F.), who goes there ? Qui Vive ? (F.), who goes there ? On the qui

vive, on the alert, Quod erat demonstrandum (Q.E.D.) (L.),

which was to be proved. Quod erat faciendum (L.), which was to be

done. Quondam (IJ.), former,

Raisoa d'etre (F.), reason for existence. Rara avis (L.)» ^ rare bird, a rariiy. Re (L.), in the matter of. Rfienauff (F-). a warmed-up dkli, stale. Reeherchfi (F.), sought alter, reHncd, particu­

larly nice. Reductio ad absurdum (!-.)> a reducing to the

absurd. Reichstag (Ger,), the parliament of Lhe

German Empire. Renaissance (P.), revival (as of letters). , Rfipondez, s'il vous plait—R.S.V.P. (P.),

reply, ii you please. Requiescat in pace (L,), may he (or she) rest

in peace. R 3um6 (F.), an abstract or sumniaiy. Resurgam (L.)» I shall rise again. Revenona & nog moutona (F.), let us return

to our sheep ; let us return to our subject. Role (F.), an actor's part, one's function. RouS (F.), a debauched man.

Sanctum sanctorum (L.), holy of holies, a place of refuge.

Sang froid (F.), cold blood, coolness. Sans peur et sans reproche (F.), without fear

and witliout reproach. Sans souci (F.), without care. Sartor rcsartus (J^.), tlie tailor re^ailored. Sauve qui peut (F.), save himself who can. Savoir-faire (F.), Imowledge of what to do,

tact. Schadenfreude (Qer.), joy in the misfortunes

of others. Semper fidelis (L.), always faitlifai. , Semper idem (L.), always the same. Seriatim (L.), in regular order. Sic (i>.), thus (often used to call iittention to

a quoted inaccuracy or absurdity). Sic ituT ad astra (L.), thus do we travel

to the stars (or immortality). Sic transit gloria muudi (n .), so passes tho

glory of the world. [adjourned. Sine die (L.), without dale, indefinitely Sine qua non (L.), anindispensxible condition. Soi-disant (F.), self-styled. Sotto voce (It.), in an undertone. [tity. Soupcon (F.), suspicion, a very small quan-Status quo (L.), " the state-in wiiich," the

existing state of affairs, Stet (L.), let it stand. Sturm und Drang (Qcr.), storm and stress. Suaviter in modo, fortiter in re (L.), gently in

manner, resolutely in deed. Sub judice (L-)J under consideration. Sub poena (JJ.), under a penalty. Sub rosa (L.\ " under the rose," secretly. Sui generis (L.), of its own kind, unique. Summum bonum (L.), the chiaf good.

Tableau vivant (F.), a living picture, a group of figures to represent a scene. [hotel.

Table-d'hote (F.)* general guest'table at a Tabula rasa (h.), a blank tablet. Tempora mutantur(L.),the times are changed. Tempus fugit (L.), time flies. Terra firma (L.), solid earth, diy land,

Terra incognita 249 Arbela Terra incognita (L.), an unknown couutiy. Tertium uuid (L.), a thW somethiug. Tete-i-tete (F.). a convereatiou between two. Tout de force (F.), feat of strength or skill. Tout ensemble (!'.), the whole taken together. Xu auoaue (1J.), " thou also," " so are you,"

ant argument which in effect says, " Xou are as bad as I am."

Ubi supra (L.), where above-mentioned. Ultimatum (I/.), a final proposal, a per­

emptory demand, the refusal of which is to bo followed by war.

Ultra vires (IJ.), beyond one's powers. Ut infra (L.), as below. Ut Bupra (L.), as above.

Vade meoum (L.), " go u'lth me," something carried constantly.

Vse victis (L.), woo to the vanquished, Vale (li.), farewell.

Veni, vidi, vici (L,), I came, I saw, I con­quered.

Verbnm sat sapienti, shortened to Verb. sap. (L,), a word is enough for a wise man.

Versus (L.), against, Via (XJ.), by way of. Via media (L.), a middle course. Vice ( t . ) , la the place of. Vice versa (L.), the other way about. Vide (J O, see.. Videlicet (L.), namely (usually contracted

to viz.). Vis-i-vis (P.), opposite, facing. Vis jnertitQ (L.), the power of resisting change. Viva voce (L.), by word of mouth. Voil4(F.), behold! Volente Deo (L-), God mlllng. Vox populi, vox Dei (IJ.), the voice of the

people is the voice of God.

Zeitgeist (Ger.), the spirit of the tune.

CLASSICAL NAMES aODS AKD GODDESSES (GltBEK AlfD BOMAK)

iEs-cu-Ia'pi-ua, the god of medicine. A-pol'lo, Phoe'bus A-pol'lo, the sun-god. Au-ro'ra (K.), Kos (Gk.), dawn goddess. Bacc'hus (11.), Di-on/sos (Ok.)> wine god. Bel-Io'na (E.), goddess of war. Ce'res (R.), De-me'ter (Gk.), the goddess of

agriculture. Cu'pid (R.), E'ros (Gk,), the god of love. Cyb'el-e, tho earth goddess. Di-a'na (R.), Ar'te-mis (Qt.)» the goddess of

hunting. Flo'ra, the goddess of flowers. He'be, the goddess of youth. Hy-gei'a, tlie goddess of health. Hy'men,' the god of marriage. Ja'nus (BO* ^ god whose temple was open

in time of war,

Ju'no (B.)i He'ra (Gk.), the chief goddess. Ju'pi-ter (It.), Zeus (Gk.), the most powerful

of the gods. Mara (R-)* A'res (Gk.), the god of war. Mer'cui-y (It.), Her'mes (Gk.), the messenger

of the other gods. Mi-ner'va (R.), Pallas A-the'na (Glc), the

goddess of wisdom, arts, sciences, etc. Mor'phens, the god oi sleep. Nep'tune (R.), Po-sei'don (Gk.), sea-god. Pan, the god of shepherds. Plu'to, the god of the underworld. Plu'tus* tho god of wealth. Rbe'a, the wife of Saturn. Sat'um, the god of agriculture. Ve'nus (R.), Aph-ro-di'te (Gk.), the goddess of

love and beauty.

, OTHER OLASSIOAL NiUlES (Cft, which in Greek had nearly the sovmd of eh in Scottish loch, is pronounced ',' as i in English.)

Ach-er'on, one of the rivers of Hades; Hadesiitself.

Ach-il'les, the chief hero of Homer's lUad, Ac'ti-ura, a promontory in the West of

Greece' near which Octavian., Julius Cxsar's adopted son and successor, defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra (31 B.C.).

Ae-ge'TiSt a king ol Athens, alter whom the il'Igean' Sea is named, as ho drowned himself in it, supposing his son Theseus to bo dead.

^ n e ' a s , the hero of Tirol's ^-ISneid, 2E3'chs-\i8 ae=ee), a Greek tragic poet. Ag-a-meiu'non, commander of the Greek

army in the Ti-ojan war. A'iax, najine of two Greek leaders in the

Trojan'war.

Al-ci-hra-dea, an Athenian leader, and disciple of Socrates.

Alexander the Great, son of Philip, king of Macedonia, conqueror of Western Asia in the fourth century B.C.

Am''nion, ancient Egyptian god. An-chi'sea, the father of iEneas. An-drom'ach-e, wife of Hector of Troy. An-drom'ei-a, an Ethiopian princess, rescued

by Perseus from a sea-monster after he had slain Medusa.

A'pis, the sacred bull of the ancient Egyptians worshipped at Memphis, in liower i-lgypt.

A-rach'ne* a maiden of Lydia in Asia Jliuoi'. Athena transformed her into a spider.

Ar'bel-a, an Assyrian town near which Alexander the Great defeated Darius, king of Persia (331 B.C.),

Arcadia 250 Pleiad Ar-cad'l-a, a raountamous, pastoral country

ol ancient Greece. Ai-e-op'a-gns, " Mars' Hill" in Athens AT go-nauts, the Greek heroes wiio sailed in

search of the golden fleece. Ar-is-ti'des, a very jusfc Greek leader in fifth

century B.C. Ar-is-toph'an-es, a Greek comic poefc. Ar'is-tot-le, a great Greek philosopher. At-a-lan'ta, a pnnceas of Arcadia noted for

her fleotness of foot. AWant'is, a fabled island in the Atlantic

said to have sunk. At'ro-pos, one of the three Fates, Greek

Goddesses. The others were Clo'tfao and Lach'es-is. Clotho spui^the thread of life, Lachesis assigned ifc, and Atropos cut it.

A-ver'nus, a lake near Naples, supposed to be an entrance to Pluto's kingdom of Hades , Hades itself. [wme

Bac-chan'tes, priestesses of Bacchus, god of Ba-ceph'a-lu3, war-horse of Alexander. By-2au'ti-UiD# now Oonstantmople. Cal-li'op-e, the Muse of epic poetry. Cas-san'dra, Priam's daughter, a true

prophetess of evil whom no one believed, C«r'ber-us, the three-headed dog guarding

the entrance to Hades. Cha'ron, tho ferr^'man of the dead over the

nver Sfcyx to Hades. Clu^ryb'dis, a whirlpool in the Strait of

Messina near Sicily. Scylla, on the Itahan side of the Strait, is a rock dan­gerous to ships.

Chi'ron, a very wise centaur. [etc, Cir'ce, a sorceress who turned men Into swine, Cle-o-pa'tra, a beiutiful queen of Egypt. Cli'o, tho Muse of hiatory. Clo'tbo, one of the Pates See Atropos. Cly-tem-nes'tia, ^ife of Agamenmon CoVchis, a country at the eastern end of the

Black Sea. Cp'mufl, the god of revelry. Oor-y-ban'tes, priests of tho goddess Cybele. Crce'sufl (cB=fe), a very rich kmg of Lydia,

iQ Asia Mmor. [Sicily. Cy-be'le, Phrygian goddeaa worshipped at

Home also a Ops. C/clops, (pi.) Cy-clo'pea, one-eyed giants m Dam'o-cle3, a flatterer whom Dion3siu3 of

Syracuse punished by inviting him to a banquet, where he was seated under a sword suspended by a hair.

Dan'a-e, mother of Perseus. Del'phi, a town near Mount Parnassus, the

seat of an oracle of Apollo. De-mos then-ea, a famous Greek orator. Di'do, queen and foundress of Carthage. Dio'ge-nea ((J), a cynical philosopher. Er e-bu^ a kingdom of darkness on the way

to Hades. Eu-np'id-es, a famous Greek tragic poet. Ea zyd'i-ce, tho wife of Orpheus. Eu-tei'pe, the Muse of lyric poetry and music, Qan'y-mede, a youth who was made cup­

bearer to Zeus. Ha dea, the lower world, also Pluto.

Heo'tor, son of Pnam, greatest ot the Trojan heroes.

Heo'u-ba, wife of Priam Hel'en, a beautiful Greek wom^a, tho chief

cause of the Trojan war Hel'l-con, mountains in Greece, the abode of

Apollo and the Muses Ho'ra, Grecian goddess cornL-.ponding to the

Juno of the Romans Her'cu-les, a Greek hero of great strength, He'iO, a Thracian maklen belo\ ed by

Le-an'der, He-rod'o-his, the first Greek historian. Hes-per'l-des, tliree sisters v/ho guarded

golden apples in a gaideu Hip-pol'y-te, a queen of the Amazons. Ho'mer, the great Greek epic poet. Hor'ace, a gretfc Komaa poet n'l-on or n'l-um, Troy. Iph-i-ge-ni'a, daughter of Agamemnon, and

priestess of Diana I ri3 (the rainbow), a messenger of the god3. Ix-i'oiif a Thebsalian kinij punished in

Hades by being bound to a revolvbig wheel • he had dared to lo^ L Hera.

Ja'soD, the leader of the Argonauts Lach'e-3is, one oE tho ] ates oce Atropos. La-oc'o-on, a pnest who with his two sons

was killed by serijents. Le-an'der, a youth of A-by'dos, on the

southern side of the Hellc pout, which he swam every night to - isit Hero.

Le-on'i-das, kms: of Spjrta, who defended tho Pass of The>inop'y-lae again:=b the Persians (ISO BC).

Leth'e, one of the rivers of It ides, [Jason. M ^ e ' ^ a sorceress who helped, and married Me-du'sa, one of three sisters called Gorgons,

Her aspect turned beboldLis to stone. MeUpom'D-ne, the Muse of tr igedy. pieleu Men-e-la'u3, a kmg of Spirta, husband of Ml das, a kmg of Phrygia whose touch turned

thm^ into gold. Nai'a-dea (or Nai'ads), nyniplis of sprmgs,

rivers, and lakes Ne-fe'i-des, fifty sea-nyniph^. 0-lym'pu^ a mountam iii Greece whoso

summit was the abode of the godij Ol'pheus, a wonderful piijcr on the lyre.

He followed his wife Eurydice to Hades to brmg her back.

O-si'ns, one of the gods of ancient r^ypt Fan-do'ia, the first woman (m Greek poetry). Pafis, the younger son of Pnam. He

carried off Helen, [ VpoUo. Par-naa'sufl, a mountam in Greece sacred to Pcg'a-sus, a winged hoi be la fable. Pel-op-on-ne'sus, peninsula of S. Greece. Pe-nd'o-pe, the wife of Ul 'Sacs. Per'seas, the slayer of Jlediaa. Pha'e-thon or Pba e-ton, i son of Phcebua,

the sim-god. Phle'ge-thon, one of the rivers of Hades. Fla'to, a Greek philosopher Plei'od [Gk. -plcias, (pi) pU vul^s], (pi) cluster

of small stars in con tellation Tiurus; (aing ) brilliant group of persona or things,

Priam Pri'am, iing ol Troy at the time ot the

.Trojan war. Pio-me'theas, a Qreei hero who etole fire

'from heaven. Pio-ser'pi-na, Pios'er-pine, Per-seph'on-e*

daughter of Ceres and wile of Pinto. Psy'che (sl'ki), a nymph whom Cupid loved. Ss'ppho, a Greet poetess who lived about

600 B.C. Satyrs, demi-gods Hire men, with feet, legs,

and horns of goats. Soyflla, see Charybdis. Sia'y-phug, a mythical person condemned in

Hades to roll uphill a stone wliich always came down again.

Soo'ia-tes, a Qreek philosopher whose teaching Plato has preserved. He was

251 coauo condemned to drini the juice ot the hem-loci, a deadly poison.

Sopb'o-cles, a Greei tragic poet. fitself. Styx, one of the rivers of Hades; Hades Tan'tal-m, a Hng whom the poets describe

aa having constant thirst in the lower world. Waters always recede from his mouth liefore he can drini. [itself.

Tar'tar-ns, a region beneath Hades; Hades Terp-sioh'ore, the Muse of dancing. The'seus, slayer of the Cretan monster

Minotaur, afterwards Idng of Athens. li'tans, gigantic sons of Coelus (heaven) and

Terra (earth). Dlys'ses (Odys'seus in Greet), a Greek hero

in the Trojan war. Tir'gi], a Soman poet, author of tho JSneui.

LATIN BOOTS WiUOi I sharpen; acet, j/wrj?; VL<iViSy a needle;

acutus* sharp: acid, acrid, eager, acute, acerbity, [edify,

aedes, a house; aediflco, I bvild: edifice, aequus,e3«a;,jtt5(; iniquus, «n«?«aZ * equals

equation, adequate, iniquity. aest&uo, / value : esteem, estimate. flger,, a fkld: agriculture, peregrination.

[Through, tlie French.; pi^im.] - ^ 0 , / do (actas, dmte); agito, / siir vp:

agent, agile, act, enact, agitate. alius, micther; aUenus, beJmiging to arwther:

alien,.alienate, ^ter, the other of two: alter, alternate. altus, high; F. haut, high: altitude, altar,

exalt. [Through the French: haughty.] amo, 'I Uyve (amatus, lovc^; amicus, a frigid;

ininucus, hostile: amiable, amorous, amicable, inimical. [Tbrough the French : eneiny.]

ango, 'I choke: anger, anxiety. angulus, 0 comer: angle, angular, triangle. animai life: animate, animal. animxis, the miiui, the soul: equanimity,

unanimous, animosity, annus,'fl ^mr: annual, perennial. antiqutig, old: antiquity, antic. [Through

French: ancient.J aperio, i open (apertos, opened), F. ouvert,

open: aperture,aperient,April. Through the French: overture.]

aptus, fit: apt, adapt, attitude, ar^itror, I think; taUter^ a^nd^e: arbitrate,

arbitrator, arbitrary. ardeo, / Sum (sup. arsum): ardent, ardour,

arsoril "* anna, arms: arms, armament, alarm. ara (artis), art.' art, artist. asper, rough: asperity. audio, / hear (auditus, heard): audience,

auditor. augeo, / increase (auctus, increased): aug-

mentj'auction, author, antumn.

IbeUum, war; belligerent, bellicose, rebel. Bene, wtfi/.* benefit, benevolent,

bibo, / drinK •• imbibe, bibuloua, bis, bi, ticicey two; bini, two by two: biscuit

(bis and cactus), combine, biped, balance (bla and lanx, the scale of a balance)^ binary.

bonus, good: boon, bounty, [semibreve, bievis, short: brevity, brief, abridge, breve,

cado, / fall (sup. casum): case, chance, casual, accident,, occasion, decay,

cacdo, / cuii I kill (caeauff, cw/, killed: decide, precisely, suicide, cliisel.

campus, a plaiHy a battlefield; F, cbamp: camp, <simpaign. [From the French: champion, scamper.]

candeo, I am whiter £ shine: candid, candi­date, candle.

cano, / sing (cantus, sung)\ carmen, a sang; F. chanteE, to sing: cantata, cant. [Tiirough French; chant, charm.]

capio, / take (captuB* taken): capable, cap­tive, accept, anticipate, occupy. [Through French: perceive, caitiff.]

caput, a head (capitis, of a head): captain, capital, precipice, cattle, chattels. [Through French: chief, mischief.]

causa, a cause: cause, accuse. caveo, jf icaru (cautus, warned): cautious. cedo, I go, I yield (sup. cessum)i cede,

cession, cease, ancKtor, proceed. tm^iaig a hundred: cent, century, cemo, Isiftf I judge (fiKt^^siftcdy judged:

concern, discermnent, decree, secret, secrete, secretary.

ceitus, sure: certain,certify, ascertain. cieo, i call isiitaSt called) I recite. cixcus, a ring: circus, circle, circuit. civis, a citizen: civil, city, citizen, cl^no, / call out (clamatos, called); claim,

clamour, proclaim, declaim. clams, clear: clear,clarion,chanticleer. claudo, / sftu( (clausuB, «ft«0 • clause, close,

conclusion, include, preclude. colo, / cultivate (cultus, cultivated): colony,

cultivate, culture, agriculture. coquo, / cook (coctus, cooked); cook,

concoct, biscuitj kitchen,,

cor 252 JUS

cor, a hesLTt (cordis, oj a heart), F. cceur, the heart: cordial,accoriiing,record. [Through the French: courage.]

corpus, a body (corporis, oj a body); corps, corpse, corporabion, corporal.

credo, 1 believe^ I intrust (creflihiS, intrusted): credit, creed, tacredible.

creo, / mal'e out ofnotkiTi^(creata^ created^: create, creature.

cresco, l grow: ^crescent, decrease. crimen, a, •rime (cilminis, of a crime): crime,

criminal. cora, care: cure, secure, curious, accurate.

[Through French: sure.] cuno, I run (sup. cursum): current, course,

occur, recur. CurvDS, crooked: curve, curb.

damnum, loss: damage, condemn. debeo, / om (debitas, owed). [Through

French: debt, due, duty, endeavovu-.] dens, a gocl^ divinus, pertaining to a god:

deity, deify, divine. dico, I saf/(dietuSt said): diction, dictate,

addicted, interdict, verdict, condition. dies, a day: F. jour, a day: dial, diurnal.

[I'hrough Ftench: journal, jouwiey.J digaus, worthy: dignity, dignitary, dignify,

deign, dainty, indignant. do, I ffirc (datus, ifen.): donation, condone,

date, add, tradition. doceo, / teach (doetus, tanghi): docile,

doccor, doctrine, document. dominus, o, lord: domina, a lady; dominate,

dominant, predominant, domain, don. [Through French; damsel, dame.

domua, a house : dome, domestic. duco, / lead (ductus, led): duke, introduce,

education, duct, viaduct. duo, two (dnbios, doyhtfut), dual, duel, double,

doubt, dubious, redoubtable, dozen (from duo, and decern, ten).

durus, Aort?.' durable, endure, durance.

eo, I go (sup. itum)\ ambitious, exit. esse, to he (ens, a thing; entis, of a thing):

entity, absence, ^sential, experior, / try (espertus, having -tried):

experiment, experience, expert. estemus, outward, foreign: external, cx-

ireme. [Through French: strange.

facies, the face: face, superficial, fashion. facio, / make (factus, made); flo, / am

made, or / become; F. faire, to make: fact, factory, feat, effect, sufQcient, ailect, aSectionate, perfect, manufactory, profit, difficult, traffic. [Through French: affair.] To these add the verbs ending in fy: glorify, etc.

fallo, / deceive (falsus, deceived): fail, false, infallible, fault.

lama^fame: fame, infamous. laxcalit^, a household: family, familiar. iaveo, / favour : favour, favourite. fendo, / keep off, I strike (fensus, kept oJJ),

defender, offensive, fender.

Sera, a wild beast; ferox, wild: ferocious, fierce.

fero, / l/ear^ I carry: ferry, confer, interfere, defer, ofier, prefer.

fides, faith: confide, confident, fidelity. [Through French: feaUy, defiance.]

flugo, I feign (Q.QtuSt feign^) • ficfion, feign, feint, figment. [definite.

fin^ the endf a boundary: fine, finAl, finish, fitmus, stroTig: firm, confirm, infirmary. , fluo, / fiow (sup. fluxicm): Huld, fluent,

influence, flux, confluence, affluence. lorma, fl shape, a form: form, perform,

reform, transform, conlonn. fortis, strong, valiant: fort, fortress, force,

effort, comfort, fortify, bango, I break (fractuB, broken): frag­

ment, fragile, fraction, refract, infringe. [Through French; frail.]

Irons, the forehead, the front (frontjs, of the forehead): front, frontier.

fuga, fligf^ fugio, / Jlee: fugitive, refuge. fundo, / pour out, / melt (fusus, poured):

foundiy, confound, confuso, fuse.

gandinm, joy: gaudy. [Thtough French; joy, rejoice.]

genus, a race, a kind (geneiis, of a rase): generation, general, genius, genial, ingen­uity, gentle. [Through French: engine.]

geio, / bear, I carry (gestus, carried) : g^rmj digest, gesture, jest.

gradior, / go (giessus, having gone); gradus, a step: grade, degrade,retrograde, gradual, degree, progress, triinsgrcsH, ingredient.

granum, a grain of com: grain, garner, pomegranate, grenade (named from its likeness to a pomegranate filled with seeds), grenadier.

gratia, favour: grace, grateful, gratify. prhrough French: agree.]

habeo, / have (habitus, hadC): habit, exhibit. baeieo, / stick to (sup, hacsum): adhere,

coherent, hesitate. honor, respect, honour: honour, honest. horreo, i" dread (horridus, rough, bristly):

horror, abhor, horrid, horrible. hortus, «• 9'or(?en .• horticulture. hospes, a host, a guest (hospitis, of a host):

host, hospitable, hospital, [jfiirough French : hostel, hotel, osUer.]

humus, tfie ground, homo, man: human, humane, Immble, humility.

impero, / command (imperatum, €07?ma?;ded): imperative, imperial, empire.

jacio, / throw (jactug, thrown): ejaculation, object. [Through French : jet.]

jungo, / join (junctus, joined), jugum, a yoke: join, joint, function, jugular, con­jugal, subjunctire, conjunction.

jus, laxo, jmtice (juris, of law); judex, a judge (judicia, of a jmlge): justice, in­jure, judicial, judicious, prejudice, jury, [Tiu-ough JiYench; judge.]

labor 253 pendeo labor, toil: labour, elaborate, laboratory. latus, brought or carried: relate, translated,

elafcc. [Through French : delays lego, lappoiJit: legate,delegate. lego, / gather, I choose^ I read (lectus,

gathered): legend, lecture, lesson, elecli, religious, diligent, neglect, college, col­league, collect, recollect, intellect.

levo, / raise (levatus, raised): elerate, levity (F, lever, to raise), levy, relief.

Iex>a law (legis, of a law) : legal, legitimate, ^ privilege. [Through l''rench : loyal.]

liber,//-ec; liberty, liberate, liberal. [Througix French: deliver,livery.]

liber, a iooi*-• library', libel. libra, a balance: equilibrium, deliberate,

[Through French: level,] li^uens, fluid: liquor, liquid, liquidate. liteia, a letter: literary, literal. [Through

French: letter.] locus, a place: local, locality, localise.

[Through French : lieutenant,] ludo, I play, I deceive (iusus, played): delude,

allusion, elude, collusiou, Ino,, / icash (lutus, washed): ablution,

dilute. [Through French: deluge.] InXtliqht; lumejif a light; luceo, I shine:

lucid, illuminate, illustration, lustrous.

maghus, greatj major, greater; maximus, greatest: magnitude, magnify, main, majority, maxim, maximum.

malus, had; male, ill: malcontent, mal­icious, malignant, malefactor.

mando, / give in charge, I command: man­date, mandatory, command, mandamus, recommend.

maneo, / remain (sup. mansum): mansion, manse, permanent, remain, remnant,

inanug, the hand: manuscript, emancipa­tion, [Through French: manage, manner, maintain, legerdemain.]

mater, a mother: maternal, matron, matri­cide.

materia, stuff,matter: material, matter, medeor, I heat: remedy, medicine, medins, middle: mediate, Mediterranean,

jntenncdiate, immediately. [Through the French: mean,means.]

membr, mindful: memory, remember, commemorate, memorial, memorable. [Through the French : memoir],

mens, the mind (mentis, of the mind): mental, demented, mention.

merx, merchandise (mercis, of merchandise): mercantile, commerce. [Through French : mercy — originally a reward •— merchant, mercenary,]

metibr, / measure (mensus, measured): mete, immense, commensurate. [Tlu-ough French: measure,]

Xninus, less (minutus, lessened): minute, diminish, minimise, minimum, roinor.

minis, tcoiiderfuJ, strange: miracle, admire. [Through French: marvellous.]

mificeo, 1 mix (mistus or znixtus, mixed): mixture, misceUany,

mitto, _ / se7id (missus, seTit); mission, missionary, message, comniit, promise,

modn^ a measure: mode, model, mould, modulate, moderate.

moneo, / ^earn (monitug, warned): monitor, summon, admonition, mon-stor.

mens, a mountain (mentis, of a mountain); mount, mountain, amount.

monstro, / show, I point out: demonstra­tion, remonstrance.

mors, death (mortis, of death): mortal. mo3, a. custom (moris, of a custom): moral,

morose. moveo, / inove (motus, moved); move,

motion, promote, moment, mob.

nascor, / am born (natus, born): nascent, nation, native, nature. [annex.

necto, / bind (nexus, bound): connect, nego, / deny (negatus, deiiied): negative.

[Through French: deny.] [Through Spanish; renegade.]

niger, hlach. [Through Spanisli: negro, negroid, negrito.]

noceo, / hurt: innocent, nosious. nomen, a name (nominis, of a name):

nominate, nominative, denomination. [Through the l^rench : renown.]

nosco or gnoseo, / knoio (notns, lciwv.n): note, notice, noble, iccogni^e, acquaint­ance (from ad, con, and gnosco).

novns, neio : novel, novice, renovate. numerus, a number: numerous, numerical.

[Through French: number.] nuncio, / announce: denounce, denuncia­

tion, pronounce, enunciation.

opus, a work (operis, of a uork): opera, operation, operative, co-operative.

ordo, a. rank (ordinis, of a rank): order, ordinary, ordain, co-ordinate.

orior, / rise (ortus, having risen); origo, a beginning: oriental, origin.

oro, I praij; os, the mouth (oris, of the month): oral, orator, adore.

panis, bread: pantry, company. par, equal: _ compare. [Through French :

pair, umpire, peer,] pareo, I appear: appear, apparent. paro, I make rcadij (paratu^ made ready);

apparatus, prepare, repair, separation, parapet (paro and pectus, tlte breast, through Italian petto),

para, a. part (paitis, of a pari) : part, party, partisan, particular, apart.

passus, a step: pass, past, pa^enger. pater, a father: paternal, patron, pattern,

parricide. patior, i" suffer (passus, having suffered)'.

passion, patience, passive. pax, peace (pacis, of peace) : pacify, pacific.

[Through 3?rDiich : peace, pay.] pelio, / drive (pulsus, dnten): compel,

dispel, expel, repel, pulse, repulse. pendeo, I haTig down: dependent, suspense,

perpendicular.

persona 254 solidus persSna, a -person: person, parson. pes, afoot (pedis, of a foot): biped, quadruped,

pedestrian, impede, expedition, expedient. peto, / see^ (petitus, sought): petition,

competition, appetite, pettdant. [depict, pmgo, Ipami, (pictus, painted): paint, picture, placeo, 1 please (sup. placitum): placid,

complaceney, complaisant. [Through the French: please, plea, plead.

planus, plain: plane, plain, explain. . plaudo, / clap my hands (plausug, dapped) :

plaudit, applaud, applause, explode. p3eo, I fill (pletns, filled)', complete, com­

plement, repletion, expletiTe. plico, / fold (plicatus, folded): complicate,

complex. [Through French: apply, reply, simple, employ, plaited.] [plummet.

plumbum, lead: plumber, plumbago, plumb, pcena, jJumsftmeni,* punio, I punisli (punitws,

punished): penal, repent, punish,impunity. [Through E'rench: pain, pine,]

pono, I place (positus, placed) : post, com­pose, compound, position, deposit, impose, expo=3e, opponent, propose.

popolns, the people; pnblicus, concerning the people: popular, population, people, public, publish, republic.

porto, / hear, I carry: portly, important, report, transport, comport, deportment.

portus, a AarBowr; port, opportunity. posse, to be able: potena, able, powerful;

F. pouvoir, to be able: possible, potent. [Through lYench: power,]

precor, /^^^(precatus, hmHng praij^): pre-carioTK, deprecate, imprecation. [Through Prench: pray.]

prehendo, I seize (prehensus, seized): appre­hend, comprehend. [Through French: enterprise, prison, apprentice.]

pretium, a price: appreciate. [Through French : price, precious, praise.]

primo, / press Qiressus, pressed): press, impre^ion. [Through French: print.]

primus, first: prime, primate. [From Fiench (from primus and capio): prince, principal, principle.] [prirateer.

privo, I deprive: deprive, privation, prirate, probo, / proi;e, I try .• probably, approba­

tion. [Through French: prove, proof.] prope, near; proximus, nearest; pioprius,

OTic's own: propitioi^, approximate. [Through French : approach, proper.]

pnngo, / prick (punctus, pricked): pungent, puncture, punctilious, punctual. [Through French: point.]

puing, pure: purify, purity. puto, / lopf I prime, I tMnhi amputate,

reputable, dispute, deputy, [Through French and Italian; count, account.]

Quadia, a ^ffaare; auattus,/owri/i; quarter, quadrant, squadron, square.

quaero, / seek (quaesitus, sought): query. [Through French: question, inquiiy, requisite.]

QUeror, / complain: querulous. [Through French; quarrel, cry.]

quietus, quiet: quiet, quiescent,requiem.

ladius, the spoke of a wheel: radiate, radiance. [Through French ; ray.]

tapio, / seize (raptus, seized)' rapid, rapture. [Through French: ravage.]

tego, I rule (xe^tast Tuled); rex, a ftt?i^ (regis, of a king): regular, region, direct, regal. [Through French: reign, rule, royal, royalist, realm, adroit.]

reor, I thinks /j?^?e(ratas, having ihoiight; ratio, reason): rates, ratio, rations. [Through French: reason, rational.]

res, o thin^: real, realise, reality. rivus, a stream: river, rivulet, derive, rival

(that is, one who lives near the same stream, hence one whose purposes do not suit oars).

rumpo, / break (ruptng, broken): abrupt, interruption. [Through Fi-ench: rout.]

sacer, holy: sacred, sacriSce, execrate, sacrament, consecrate.

salio, / leap (sup. saltum): salient, re­silient, salmon, [Tlirough French: in­sult, result, assail, assault.]

salus, health (salutis, of health); salvns, safe.-salute, salutary, salve. [Through French; safety.]

sanctus,holy: sanctify,sanction. [Through French: saint, saintly.]

satiSf enough; szto!, fuU: satisfy, satisfac­tion, saturate, satiate,

seals, « ladder; scando, / climb (scansns, climbed): scale, ascend, condescension.

scio, / know: conscious, science. scribo, / torite (scriptus, vyrittcn)'. ascribe,

description. Scriptures, manuscript. seco, / cut (sectus, cut): sect, section, insect,

dissect. sedeo, / sit: sedentary, r^idence, president,

subsidiary. [Through the French : siege,

senex, old; senior, older: senator, senior. [Through French: sh:e, sir.]

sentio, / feel (sensus, felt): sense, sensible, sensation, sentence, consent, re&entment.

separo, / separate (separaJ,Tis, separated): separate. [Through Fiench: sever, several.]

sequor, / follow (secutua, hamng followed): se­quence, consequently, execution. [Through French: suit, pursue.]

servo, I keep (servatus, kept); observe, con­servative.

servus, a slave or servant: serve, service, servant, serf, deserve, desert.

signum, a inark; sigUlum, a seal; sign, signal, design, seal.

silva, a woofZ; silvan,Pennsylvania. [Through French: savage,]

similis, like: similar, assimilate, dissimu­late. [Through French: resemble.]

sitas, a place: site, situation. socius, a companion: society, associate. solidua, firm, solid^ a piece of money: solid,

consolidate. [Through French: soldier.]

BOluS 255 hedra BOlns, alone: sole, solitarj, desolate. salvo, / loosen (solutus, loosened i solve,

dissolution, absoiufce. fipeeio, / see, J look (spectns, seen): species,

Bpecimen, expect, tcspectability, special, aspect, spectacle, suspicion, coi^picuous. [Througli Prcnch : despise, despite.]

ipero, / Iiope (speratus, hoped): desperate. [Through Prench: despair, prosper.]

.[Through Spanisli: desperado.] 8pfro, / breathe: spirit, inspire, conspire,

, expiiy, respiration, spon&eo, I pr&mise (sponsus, promised):

J desporid, response, spouse. sterno. / spread (stratus, spread ; stratum,

','a layer: prostrate, street, consternation. Bto, i Stand: circumstaiice, exist, state,

r stage, station, establish, instant, assist. stringo, / hind (strictus, bound) : restriction,

• j'constriefc, stringent, strict. [Iliroiigh ,'French.: strait, straiten.]

Btruo, / hniU (stractua, built): construct, ; structure. fTlirougk i'rench: destroy.

Biinmilis, highest: consummate, sum, summit. sumo, X take (sumptus, taJceii): assume,

, presumptuous, resume, consume. Qurgo, •/rise (sup. s^trreclum): surge, insur-lirection, resurrection, [Tlirough Xi'rench: ;i source, sortie.]

tango, / touch (tactug, touched): tangible, ,| contact.

tego, I cover (tectus, covered): integument, protect, detect.

tempero, / jni-x, I moderate: temper, ' temperance, temperament,

tendo, / stretch (tentug or teasos, stretched): tension, attend, contention, extensire.

teneo, / hold (tentus, held). [Tlirougii ,': Prench; continnous, tenable, content, ,' coutaiu, continent, couutenancc]

tento, I try: tentative. [Through French: '. tempt, attempt, taunt.]

terminus* a boundary: term, determine, ' terminus, termination.

terra, the earth: territory, Mediterranean, 'I subterranean, inter, terrier,

terteo, 1 frighten: terrible, terrify, terrific, terror, deter, deterrent.

iestiSf a'Ugliness: test, protest. traho, / draw (traetus, draum): attract.

[Through French: trace, train, treat. Iribuo, / pay (tributus, paid); tribute, con­

tributor, tributary, distribute. tuiba, ^ crowd: disturb, perturbation.

[Through French: trouble.]

unfla, a. wave: undulate, abundant, inundate. unus, one: unite, unity, unify. [Through

the French: union.] ufor, / iise (ugus, having used): use, usual,

utility, abuse.

valeo, / am strong: valour, valuable. [Through French: valiant, prevail.]

varius, diverse, various: vary, various, variety,

veiio, / carry (vectm, carried): vehicle. venio, / come: event, prevent, intervene,

venture, convenient. verto, / turn (versus, turned): adversary,

conversation, reverse. [verify. verus, true : verity, veracious, very, verdict, vestis, o ro6e: vest, ytsture, invest. via, a way: viaduct," devious. [Throvigh

French; voyage, convey.] video, / see (Avisos, seen): provide, vision,

visit, advice, view. [Through French: visage, interviev?, envy.]

vinco, / cmiqner (vietus, conquered) : victory, convict, convince, invincible.

vir, a man; virtus, manliness, strength, bravery; virile, virago, virtue.

vitaylife; vivo, I live (sap. victum): vivid, vital, victuals, survive, convivial.

volo, I fiy: volatile, volley. volvo, / roll (volufeus, rolled): revolve, re­

volution, convolvulus, volume. [Through French: vault.]

voveo, / vow (votus, 'vowed): vote, devote, [Tiiiough French: vow.]

vox, the voice (vocis, of the voice): vocal, vocabulary. [Througli French: voice, vowel-]

GEBEK EOOTS act, (?ieatV.' aerial, air. agon, a wrestling: agony, antagonist. angelos, « messenger: angel, evangelist. aicbe, the beginnifig, government: monarcb, ' archaic, anarchy, arithmos, number: arithmetic. atmoQ, vapour: atmosphere.

.basis, the foot^ the foundation: base. bibles, a book: Bible, biblical, bibliography.

'cliM^ter. a mark: cbarocter. Cbristos, anointed: Cluist, Christian. chronos, time: chronic, chronicle, ana­

chronism, chronology, ';6l§I0a ,a lot: clergy, clerk, clerical.

crino, / sift, I judge (erites, a judge): critic, criticize, criticism, bypocrite.

cydo^ ft 'iffheel: cycle, bicycle, cycloid,

demos, the people : democrat, demagogue.

eleemosyne, pity. (Through Latin; alms, • eleemosynary.]'

ergon, a. work: enei^ , metallui-gy.

gg, the earth; geography, geology. ^QTQ.^, a corner, an angle: diagonal, polygon. grapho, / write; gramma, a letter: tele­

gram, pbotograph, grammar, geography.

hedra, a seat: cathedral.

hippos 256 Vice

hippos, « horse: hippopotamus, hippodrome. hodoSf a icai/: exodus, method. holos, the whole: catholic, holograph

(written throughout by the person who signs).

hydor, leater: hydraulic.

idein, to see: idea, ideal.

micros, little: microscope. monos, alone: monarch, monastery. mousa, rt nnise: luusic, museum.

nomos, « y^w •* economy, antinomian.

oicos, a house; economy, parish (paia, ^e-side, and oicos).

pathos, siijfermj: pathos, pathetic, sym­pathy.

phaino, / appear: phantom, fancy, fan-tdstic, pheuomcDou.

poieo, imake: poem, poet. polls, a city : police, politic^?. poly, 7mich; polloi, ^mny: polygamy,

polyanthus.

sohol@, leisure: school, scholaslif, scopeo, I view: microscope, episcopal,

bishop Qvom. Orxaok epncopos, un over­seer, through Old English bisco2». •

atello, / send; apostle, epistle. stratog, an army: stratesT) stratagem.

telS, a.far: telegram, telescope, tel'^'jiathic. theos, a god: theology, polytheism. tom5, a cutting,, a division: tome, atom,

anatomy. tropos, a turning: tropic, heliotrope.

zelos, ardour: zeal, jealousy,

LATIN PREFIXES a, ah, abs, from, away: a-vert, ab-hor,

abs-tain, ad (with modilicatious—ac, af, Bg, al, an, ap,

at, as, at, a), to, tmcards, on, at: ad-mit, ac-cidcntal, a£-fect, ag-grieve, al-low, an-nounce, ap-pear, ar-range, as-bist, Ri-ts.is, at-tach, &-gpee>

amhi, amb, am, both, round about: ambi­dextrous, amb-itious, am-putate.

ante, anti, before: ante-cedenfc, ante-date, anti-cipaie.

Hs, hi-, i^inc£: bis-cuil, bi-cycle. [locution. circum, round, about: cireum-stance, circum-con (with modilications—cog, col, com, cor,

CO), uith^ together, altogether, completely : con-vict, cog-nate, col-Iect, com-maud, cor-3-ecfc, co-pastor.

contra, contro, counter, against: contra-diet, contro-vert, counter-act,

de, domi, away,from, completely: de-scend, de-maud, de-part; de sometimes indicates reversal, as in de-populate.

demi, half: demi-god. dis, di (with modiiication dif), asunder,

apart, completely: dls-appoiated, dis-tract, di-verge, dU-ficulty; dis sometimes indi­cates reversal, as in dis-place.

ex, e (with modiGcation e£), out of, from: ex-pericnce, e-vent, ef-fort; ex sometimes means ''thoroughly,'* as in es-crueiate.

extra, beyond: extra-ordinary. in, ]?. en, em (with modifications—il, im, ii),

in, into, upon: in-crease, in-trude, en-act, em-ploy, il-lumine, im-merse, im-prove, ir-radiate.

lu (with modifications—U, im, ir, en), not: in-human, il-legal, im-possible, iv-regular, cn-emy.

inter, 0 .1 \ enter (with modificatiou—Intel), between, among: inter-val, enter-tain, intel-lect,

intro, intra, within .- intro-duce, inlra-mural. mis (L. minus, less), wrong, badly: mis­

fortune, mis-cliief, non (with modifications—ne, n-^^not: non­

sense, ne-farious, n-euter. ob, 0, cKb)s (with modiUcations—oc, of, op),

a^ainsi, m t?€ tca^ <?f, a^mpieieli/ .• oli-taiii, o-mit, os-tensible, oc-cui", of-fieer, op-pou-ent.

pene, almost: pen-ultimato. per (with modification—pel), I?, par, through,

thoroughly : per-ceive, par-don, pol-ludd. ^0^,after: post-script, [tend. pre (Med. L. pre^ L. pra% before: pre~dicb, pre-prefer (L. yrce/e/-), beyoiul: preter-natural. pro (pur, por, pol, from P. pour), for, instead

of, before, forth: pro-ride, pur-pose, por-trait, pol-lute.

re, red, backj again: re-spect, red-eem; re sometime has frequentative force, as in re-volve, sometimes negative forcr-, as in re-yeal,

retro, back, backwards : retro-grade. se. Bed, apart, away : se-clndei sed-ition, semi, half: semi-cirele. sine, without: sine-cmre. sub (with modifications—sue, mii, sug, sum,

sup, sur, sus, su), under: sub-ject, suc-ceed, EUf-fer, sug-gest, sum-mon, ^up-ply, sui--render, sus-tain, su-spect; s^iit sometimes implies secrecy, as in &ub-ortt; ne.irnebs, as in sub-urb; aid, as in sub-sjidy; substi­tution, as in Bup-planfc; almc fc, aa in sub­tropical,

subter, under : subter-fuge, super, F. sur, over, ahove, beyo7ul: auper-

fluous, sur-face. trans, tran, tra, across, beyond; iraiis-port,

tran-scrlbe, tra-duce. [fashionable. ultra, beyond^ extremely: ultra-marint, ultia-Vice, F. via, instead of: vice-roy^ vis-coLmt.

ac 357 with

LATIN SUFFIXES ac, al, on (ane), ar, ary, ent, ic, il, ine, it©,

'ory, relaii-ng to, being: cardiac, regal, human, humane, lunar, epistolary, fluent, 'civic, civil, feminine, definite, preparatory.

a^e, cy, ence (ance), ice, ism, ment, mony, pur, tion (sion, ion), ty, tude, tore, condiiion^ 'state or qtmlitT/ of: bondage, in£ancy, innocence, vigilance, service, heroism, government, matrimony, favour, condi-,tion, passion, union, cruelty, turpitude, rupture.

an, ary, ate, ee, eer (ier), ess, ist, ite, ive, or, tot, tiix, ant, eat, et doer, or one icJio is : artisan, mi^ionary, delegate, absentee, auctioneer, brigadier, seamstress, artht, favourite, captive, actor, doctor, esecutriz, informant, student.

' ant, et, id, ive, tory, imd, having qualinj of: dormant,dulcet, humid, festive, transitory, rotund.

BXY, OTj, place for: granary, dormitoiy. ate, ite, esce, fy, ish, to make: abbreviate,

expedite, effervesce, purify, finish. cule, culom, wle, le, le^ cle, el, ule, diminu­

tives: animalcule, vaseuhim, particle, rivulet, corpuscle, satchel, globule.

endoug, Q,fd to cause : stupendous, soporific. escent, iiicrcasing: conTalcscent. ess, Jeminine: poetess. Seroitts, 'pTod.-ming : carbonilerous. oon, augmentative, ball-oon, tromb-one, ous, 03e,/«?io/; humorous, verbose.

GREEK PREFIXES a, an, not, without: a-pathy, an-archy. ampbi, aboiit, on both sides: amphi-theatre. ana, up, again: ana-tomy, ana-lyse. anti, opposite to, against: anti-pathy. apo, from, aicay: apo-strophe, aph-orism. arch, chief: arch-bishop. auto, self: auto-matic. cafai, dow7i: cata-ract, cath-edral, di, 'twice: di-phthong. dia, through: dia-meter, ec, ex, out of, from: ec-stasy, ei-odus. en, em, in, on: en-ergy, em-phasis. epi, W270H; epi-graro.

eu, well: eu-phemism. iiemi, half; heim-sphere. hyper, a^ove, too much: hyper-critical. hypo, Mnd£?r.- hypo-crite^ meta, beyond^ change : meta-morphosis. para, beside, from': par-aLlel, para-sol. "^Qti,round, about: peri-meter. poly, many.- poly-syllable. pro, before: pro-gramme, syn (with modifications—^syl, symi, sy),

without: syn-agogue,syl-lable,Eym-pathy, sy-stem.

GREEK SUFFIXES \5\, a diminutive: asterisk. ism, sis, y, condition, stale, or art of: atheism,

analysis, anatomy. ist,' te, one tcho does, or is: atheist, athlete.

ic, ical, relating to, being: angelic, arith­metical.

ize, verb ejiding: baptize. ma, object of an action: panorama.

ENGLISH PREFIXES a, 071, in: a-field, a-drift, a-side. be,' about: be-speak, be-take. for, completely, against: for-bear, for-bid. IQIQ, before: fore-see, fore-tell. gain, against: gain-say. taiBtffailure: mis-behave, mis-hap. a, Tiot: n-ever, n-either, n-or,

out, beyond: out-do, out-run. to, tJie: to-day. un, not: tm-happy, for und (l?"risian), and^

in un-to and un-til. \m, reversal: un-lock, un-do, un-say. •wan, without: wan-ton. Witl against, back: with-hold, with-stand.

able 258 C.P.S.

ENGLISH SUFFIXES aWe, tchat may be: blamable. ar, ard, er, ster» one who is or does: beggar,

standard, backer, pxinster. arii ard, ipiSsnsive: brag' iirtv aggari\. dom, ery, hood (head), lock, ness, ship, tei,

co7idition^ state or gualily of: freedom, slavery, cbildliood, Godhead, wedlock, Madness, friendship, laughter.

en, made of, like: wooden, golden. en, er, se, to mahe: darken, lower, cleanse. em, ward, direction: eastenij westward.

le, I, er, frequentative, diminutive: sparkle, drawl, batter.

fold (after adjectives of number), twofold, manifold,

fxil^fuUof: truthful. Mn, ling, ock, ie, dimiimtives: Inmbkiji,

dwelljiig, hiliock, birdie. less, without, free from: iaultlciss, careless. ly, like: majaly, sweetly. ster, en, marking feminine: spinster, vixen.

ABBREVIATIONS AND CONTRACTIONS A. or Ang., answer. @, at or to. A.B., able-bodied seaman, also (L. Arli^im

Baccalaureus) Bachelor of Arts. See B.A. A.C. [L. A.nie Cliristum], before Ohrisfc. A/c. or Acet., account. A.C.P., Associate of the College of Preceptors. A.D. (L. anno Domini), in the year of our

Lord. A.D.C., Aide-de-camp. Adjt., Adjut-ant. Ad Vib. (L. ad libitum), at pleasure. Mi. (L, (Static'), of age (so and so). A,H, [L. Annx) Eegirce), in the year of the

Hegira. A,Inst.C.E., Associate of the Institution of

Civil Engineers. A.K.C., Associate of King's College (London). A.M. (L. Artium Magister), Master of Arts.

See M.A. Also (L. Ante meridiem) before noon,

Anon,, anonymous. A.R.A., Associate of the Koyal Academy. A.R.C.M., Associate.of the Hoyal College of

Music. [Organists, A.H.C.O., Associate of the Hoyal College of A.R.H.A., Associate of the Soyal Mfaernian

Academy. A.H.S.A., Associate of tho Boyal Society of

Arts, Associate of the Eoyal Scottish Academy.

A.TT.C. (L. anno uihis conditas or ah urhe condiia), in the year from the building of the city—i.e. Rome.

b., born. B.A., Bachelor of Arts. Bait, or Bt., Baronet. B.C., before Christ, British Columbia, B.C.L., Bachelor of Civil Law. B.Com., Bachelor of Commerce. B.D., Bachelor of Divinity. B.Ed., Bachelor of Education. B.L., Bachelor of Law. b.i., bill of lading. 2.M., Bachelor of Medicine.

B.M. (L. Baccalaureus Musica;)^ Bachelor of Bot,, botany, bought. [Music. Bros., Brothers. B.S. or Cb.B. CL. Chirurgice Baccalaureus),

Bachelor of Surgery. B.Sc, Bachelor of Science. B.Th., Bachelor of Theology. B.V„ Blessed Virgin.

C, centigrade. Conservative. O.A., Chartered Accountant. Cantab. (L. Oaniabrigzensis), of Cambridge. Cantuar. (L. Cantuariensis), of Canterbury. Cap., Capital; also (L. caput), chapter. Capt., Captain. C.B,. Companion of the Bath. C.B.E.4 Commander of the Order of the

British Empire. CO., County Oouncillor; Catholic clergyman. G.I), v., Garte-de-visito. C.E., Civil Engineer i Church of England. Cent, l^' centum), a hundred, Cl. (L. confer), compare. C.G., Coast-guard. C.H., Order of the Companions of Honour. C.I., Imperial Order of the Crown of India. C.I.E., Gompajiion of the Order of the Indian

Empire. C.i.t, Cost, insurance, and freight, Cir, (L. circa, circum), about. G.J., Chief Justice. CM, or-Ch.M. (L. Chirurgics Magister),

Master of Surgery. CM.G., Companion of tho Order of St.

Michael and St. George. CO., Commanding OfQcer. Co., Company or county. C/o, care of-C.o.d., Cash on delivery. Co!., Colonel; Colonial; Column. Coll., college. Con. (L. contra), against. CP., Common Pleas; Clerfe of the Peace. C.P.C., Clerk of the Privy Council. CP.S. (L. Cttstos Frivati Sigillx), Keeper of

the Privy Seal.

Cr. 259 I.C.S. Cr., Credit, Orcaitor. C,S. (h. Custos Sigilli), Keeper of the Seal;

•CM Service; Com-t of Session. • C.S.I., Companion of the Star of India. Cur., curt., current; this montli. C.W.O., Commander of the Eoyal Victorian

Order. [weight. Cwt, (L. centum and B. weight), hundred-

D.fSOn ; a. (L. ilenaritis, pi. denarii), penny •or pence.

D.B.E)., Dame Commander of the Order of ithe British Empire.

D.C.L, Doctor of Civil Law. D.C.M., Distinguislied Conduct Jledal. D.I). (L. Divinilatis Doctor), Doctor of

Divinity. D.F., Defender of the Paith. D.G. (L. Deo Gratia), By the Grace of Qod. D.Lit. or Litt., Doctor of Literature. D.L.O., Dead Letter Office. Do, (It. ditto), the same. Doz., dozen. D.P.H., Diploma in Public Health. D.Fhil., Doctor of Philosophy. DTM Doctor, Debtor, D.Sc, Doctor of Science. D.S.O., Distinguished Service Order. D.T., Doctor of Theology; also delirium

tremens. D.V. (L. Deo volente), Qod willing. Dwt. (L. denarius and B. Kdght), penny-

weigbt.

Eblan. (L, Bblanensis), of Dublin. Ebur.iEtor.P'. ElmTacum),Tovk; (IJ. Ebura-

cen^s), of Torlc. E.C., Established Church; East Central

(London postal district). , E.E., Heotrical Engineer; Errore excepted. K.S.T.S., Early English Text Society. eg. (L. exempli gratia), for example. E.I.. Bast Indies; East Indian, [Horse. E.M. (L. Equitum Magister), Master of the Esq, or Esiir., Esqufre. Etc. (L. et cetera), and the rest. Et sea. or en. or sag. (L. el sequentes or

sequenlia), and the following.

F, or Fahr., I'ahrenheit. F.A.S., Pellow of the Antiquarian Society. F.B.A, l''ellow of the Britisii Academy, F,C„ ftee Church (of Scotland). Fcp., foolscap. F.O.S., Pellow of the Chemical Society. F.D. (L. Fiiei Defensor), Defender of the

Faith, Fee. (L. fecit), (he or she) made (it). F,K.LS., Eellow of the Educational Institute

of Scotland. F.E.S., Fellow of the Entomological

Society; Fellow of the Ethnological Society,

F J J i . , Fellow of the Faculty ot Actuaries. F.F.P.S., Fellow of the Faculty of Physicians

and Surgeons. F.G.S., Fellow of the Geological Society.

F.H.S., Fellow of the Historical Society. F.I. A., Peliow of the Institute of Actuaries. F.I.C., Fellow of the Institute of Chemistrv P.M., Field Marshal. ^lemistry. Fo. or FoL, folio or folios. F.o.b., free on board. F.P., Are plug. F.P.S., Fellow of the Philological Society F.R._A.S„ Fellow of the Eoyal Astrono­

mical Society, rPhv iViiTic F.R.C.P., Fellow of the Eoyal O o K ^ f FJI.C.PJ!., Fellow of the Eoyal College of

Physicians, Edinburgh. rSuraeong F.B.C.S., Fellow of the Eoyal College of FJ1.0.S.E., Fellow of the Eoyal College of

Surgeons, Etlinburgh. " F,R,C.S.I., Fellow of the Boyal College of

Surgeons, Ireland. FJt.C.S.L., Fellow ot the Eoyal Colle»e of

Surgeons, London. [Society F.R.G.S., Fellow of the Eoyal Geographioil P.E.S., Fellow of the Eoyal Society F.R.S.E., Fellow of the Eoyal Society

Edinburgh. ' F.B.S.G.S,, Fellow of the Eoyal Scottisli

Geographical Society. F.R.S.S., Fellow of the Eoyal Statistical

Society. [Antiquaries. F,S.A., Fellow of the Society of Arts, or of F.Z.S., Fellow of the Zoological Society.

G.B., Great Britain. G.C.B,, Grand Cross of the Bath, G.C.I.E., Grand Commander of the Indian

Empire. G.C.M., gi'eatest common measure. G.C.M.G., Grand Cross of St Miohae! and St

George, G.O.S.I., Knight Grand Oommander of the

Star of India. G.G.V.O., Grand Cross of the Boyal Vic­

torian Order. G.H.Q., General Head Quarters. G,BL, Grand Ma&fcer. G.P,0., CJeneral Post Office, G.R. CL. Georgius Rex), Sling George. G.'R.l. [L. Georgi^ts Rex Imperator), George,

!King and Emperor. G.T., Good Templar.

HJB.M.. His Britannic Majesty. H.G., Horse Guards. H.H., His (or Hei) Higlmess. H.I.H., His (or Her) Imperial Higlmess. H.M., His (or Her) Jlajesty. H.M.I.(S.), His Majesty's Inspector (of

Schools). [Service. H.M.S., His Majesty's Ship, His Majesty's H.P., horse-power. H.R., House of Eepresentatives, H.E.H., His (or Her) Eoyal Higimess. E.S.H., His (or Her) Serena Highness.

Ih. or Ibid. (L. ibidem), in the same place. I.e. or I.X., lesus Chi-istus—Jesus Cln'ist.

(X in Qree]i=guttural Ch.) I.C.S.t Indian Civil Service.

Id. 260 N.P. Id. (L, idem), the same. i.e. (L. id est), that is. LH.S. (IJ. lestK Uominum Salrator), Jesug

the bavioiir OJL men. IX.P., ludepeudciifc Labour Partj'. Imp. (L. Imferatar), Emperor, Imperial. Incog. Crt- incojfiiita), unknown, with name

concealed. I.N.B.I. (IJ. lesus ^azarenus Hex ludceorum),

Jesus of Hazareth, Xing of tho Jews. I.O.F., Independent Order o£ Foresters. I.O.G.T., Independent Order of Good

Templars. I.O.O.P., Independent Order of Oddfellows. I.O-U., I owe you. I.S.O., Imperial Service Order.

J.C., Jesiis Christ; Justice Olerk. J.C.D. (L, Juris Oivilis Hoctor), Doctor of

Ci\'il Law. J.P., Justice of tho Peace. J.TI.D. (L. Juris lltriusque Doctor), Doctor

of both Laws (Canon and CiYil), Jun., Jr., Junior.

KB., Knight of the Bath. E.B.E., Knight Commander of tho Order of

the British Empire. K.C., King's Counsel. K.C.B., Knight Oommander of the Bath. K.C.LE., Knight Oomm.ander of the Indian

Empire. K.C.M.G., Knight Oonamander of St Michael

and St George. [India. K.C.S.I., Knight Oommander of the Starot K.G., Knight of the Garter. Kilom., Km., Idlometre. K.M., Knight of Malta. K.P., Knight of St Patrick. K.T., Knight of the Thistle. Kt., Knight.

S, 1, or L (L. libra), pounds sterling. L, or lb. (L. libra), pounds in weight. li.A., Law Agent; Literate in Arts. L.C, Lord Chancellor; Lord Chamberlain. I.e., lower case (in printing). L.C.C, London County Council. L.C.J., Lord Chief Justice. L,C.M., least common multiple. LCP., Licentiate of the College of Preceptors. L.D.S., Licentiate of Dental Surgery. L.G., Life Guards. Ii.I., Liglit Infantry. Lib. (L. liber), book, Lieut., Lieutenant. [Litcratnre. Litt.D, [L. lAtcranim Doctor), Doctor o£ L.L.A., Lady Literate in Arts. LL,B. (L. Legum J^accalavrevs), Bachelor oi

Laws. LL.D, (L. Legum Doctor), Doctor of Laws. L.M., Long Metre j Licentiate in Midwifery. L.M.S., London Missionary Society. Loq. (L. loquitur), he speaks. L.E.A,M,, Licentiate of the Royal Academy

of Music. [Music. Ii.B,C.IS., Licentiate of the Eoyal College of

L.E.C.P., Licentiate of the II03 jl College of Physicians.

L.E.C.P.E., Licentiate of the aojal CoUeje oi Physicians, UdiuburL'h.

L.R.C.S., Licentiate of the Hoyal College of Surgeons. ,

L.R.C.S.E., Licentiate of tlio Hoy i'. College of Surgeons, Edinburgh.

L.E.C.V.S., Licentiate of the Hoy il College of Veterinary Surgeons. •

L.S., Linnfflan Society. L,S.D. (L. K6r«, solidi, denarii'), pounds,

shillings, pence,

M. (L. milk), thousand; also (L, meridies), noon; Monsieur.

M.A., Master of Arts. M.B. (L. Medidiics Haccalaureus), Bachelor

of Medicine. M.B.E., Member of the Order of the Britbh

Empire. M.C., Member o£ Congress; Master of

Ceremonies *, lUlilary Cross, IVLCom., Master of Commerce (Univ. of

Birmingham). M.Comm., Master of Commerce and Adminis­

tration (TJniv. of Manchester). [Medicine. M.D. (L. MedicincE Doctor), Doctor of M.E., Mechanical, Mining, or Military

Engineer. Mem., Memorandum. Messrs or MM. (P. Messieurs), gentlemen, M.F.H., Master of Foxhounds. M.Inst.O.E., Member of tho Institute ot Civil

Engineers. M.LE.E., Member of the Institution of

Electrical Engineers. MUe. (P.), Mademoiselle (B. Miss). M.M., Military Medal. Mme. (P.), Madame (E. Mrs). M.P., Member of Parliament. [Society. M.P.S., Member olf'the Phannaoeutical M.E., Master of the Bolls. Mr, Master or Mister. M.E.C.P., Member of the Hoyal College of

Physicians or Preceptora. [Bur'uons. M.R.C.S., Member ot the Hoyal College of M.E.C.V.S., Member of the Hoyal CoUri'c ot

Veterinary Surgeons. [Academy. M.R.IJI., Member of the Hoyal Irish Mrs, Mistress. MS., manuscript; MSS., manuscripts. Mus.B., Bachelor of Music. Mus.D„ Doctor of Music. [Order. M.V.O., iiember of the Hoyal Victorian

•N.B., North Britain; New Brunswick; (L. nota bene), note well. [dissenting.

Sem. con. (L. ncmine cantradicmie), no ono Nem. dis. (L. nemine disse^itiente), no one

dissenting. Non-Com., non-commissioned. Non. Con., not content; dissenting (Uouse of

Lords). Hon seq. (L. non sejuitur), it does not follow. No., No3., number, numbers (in order). N J . , Notary Public.

N.S. N.S., new style, Nova Scotia, N.T„ Xcw Testament. N.Z., New Zealand.

Ob. ( t . obiit), (lie or she) died. [Empire. O.B,E., omcer of tiie Order of tiie Britisii O.C., Ofllcerin Command. O.H.M.S., On His ilajesty's Service. O.M., Order of Merit O.S., old style. O.T., Old Testament. Oxon. [L. Oxonia), Oxford, also (L. Oxo-

niensis) of Oxford. Oz., ounce or ounces.

Par., Paragi-aph. [Constable. P.O., Privy Council or Councillor; Police P.O., post-card, per cent. Per cent. (L. per centum), by the hundred. FI1.D. (L, PliHosopltix Doctor), Doctor of

Pliilosophy, Pinx. or Pxt. (L. pinxiC), he (or she) painted it. P.L.C., Poor Law Commissioners. P.M. (IJ. post meridiem), after noon. P.M.G., Postmaster-General. P. & 0., Peninsular and Oriental (Steam

•'Navigation Co.), P.O., post oiEce, postal order, P.O.O., post-office order, P.P., I'arish Priest, PP.i pages. P.P.C. (F, pour prendre cong6), to take leave. P.E,A„ President of the Boyal Academy. Pres., President, ProE., Professor, Pro tern, (L. pro tempore), for the time being. Pros. (Ij. proximo), next month, F.B,S., President of the Boyal Society. P,B,S.A.| President of the Boyal Scottish

Academy, [Seal. P.S. (L. post scriptum), written after; Piivy P.T.C, please turn over, Pxt, (Ij. pinxit), (he or she) paiHted (it).

Q, or Qu,, Query or question. Q.E.D. (L. quod erat demonstrandum), which

was to be proved. Q.E.F,, which was to be done. Q.-M., Quarter-master. Q.-M.-G., Quarter-Master-Qoneral, Q,S., Quarter Sessions. (I,v, (L, quod vide), vdiich see.

R, (L. rex), Hng; also (L. regtna), queen ; Beaumur, [Artillery,

R.A., Boyal Academy or Academician, Koyal E.A.F., Boyal Air I'orce. R.A.M., Boyal Academy of Music, E.A.M.C., Boyal Army Medical Corps. E.A.S., Boyal Agricultural Society ; Boyal ,' Asiatic "Society; Boyal Astronomical ' Society. R.C., Boman Catholic. R.CP., Boyal College of Physicians. R.C.S., Boyal College of Surgeons. R.D., Bural Dean. B.E„ Boyal Engineers.

261 V.

Rev,, Borerend, R,F,A., Hoyal Field Aitilleiy. R.6.S., Eoyal Geograpliicar Society. R.H.A., Boyal Horse ArtUlery. R.H.S., Boyal Historical or Horticultural

Society, [teots. R.I.B.A., Eoyal Institute of British Archi-R.I.P, (It. reqidescat in pace), may he (or she)

rest in peace. R,M., Boyal ilarines, Boyal Mail, Eesident

Magistrate. R.M.A., Boyal Military Academy, R.M,S„ Eoyal Mail Steamer, E,N., Eoyal Navy, E.N.R., Koyal Naval Eesen'e. R.S., Boyal Society. B.S.A., Royal Society of Antiquaries, Boyal

Scottish Academy, E.S.K., Boyal Society of Edinburgh. R.S,V,P. (1?. ripondez, s'il vous platt), reply,

if you please. Et, Hon,, Bight Honourable, [Colours. R.W,S., Eoyal Society of Painters in Water-

S., Saint; South; s., slulling. S.A,, South Africa. Sc, (L. scilicet), to wit, namely, [(it), Sc. or sculp, (LI. sculpsit), (he or she) engraved Sc.B. (Ij. Sciend'ce Baccalaureus), Bachelor of

Science, ScD, (L. Sciential Ifoctor), Doctor of Science. Se(l, or S(i(i. (L. setiueTites or scquentia), the

following, the next, S.J., Society of Jesus. S.O.S., *' Save our Souls " (wireless signal

sent out by ships in last extremity of distress).

S.P,O.A., Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.

S.F.C.C., Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children,

S.P,C,K,, Society for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge, [Gospel.

S.F.G., Society for tiie Propagation of the Sp. gr., specific gravity. S.P,Q.R. (L. Sermtus Popidu^qtte Romanus),

Senate and People of Borne, S.S., steamship, S.S.O,, Solicitor before the Supreme Courts

(Scotland). St., Saint; Street; Stone. SlS'f sterUng. S.v, (IJ. sitb voce or sub verbo), under tlie word

or title.

T.C.D., Trinity College, Dublin. tr., transpose (in printing), T.i.L,, to take leave.

TJ.F.C, United Free Church (Scotland), U,K., United Kmgdom. Ult. (L, ullimo), last; of the last month, U,S.A., United States of America ; Union of

Sou^ Africa, U,S.N„ United States Navy,

V. (Ij. versus), against; also (L. vide) see.

V.A. SG2 Z.S. V.A., Ticar-Apostolic; Yica-Admiral; Eoyal

Order of Yictoria and Albert, V.A.D., Voluntary Aid Detachment, V.C., Victoria OrosB. V.G., Vicar-GeneraL Vid. PJ. vide), see. Viz, (L, videlicet), namely. V.S„ Veterinary Surgeon.

w.f.» wrong fount (in printing), W.S.i Writer to the Signet (Scotland).

X. or Xt., Christ. (X in Qreek stands lor guttural Ob.)

Xm. or Xmas, Ohristmas. Xll,» Christian,

Y.M,C,A„ young Men's ChiisUau Associa­tion,

y.W,C,A. 'Young Womou's Christian Asso­ciation.

Z.S.f Zoological Society, •

SPELLING HINTS English spelling is so far from phonetic that hard and fast rules are out ol the question.

The following hints, however, may prove useful :—

1. To form the plural of nouns ending in y preceded by a consonant, change the y to i and add es: lady^ ladies; duty, duties, (Note: the suigular of such words originallj^ ended in iV.) When the y is preceded by a vowel, add s: boy, boys; day, days,

2. Similarly form the 3rd smgular of verbs ending in y • deny, denies ; display, displays, The past tense of such verbs is similarly formed : deny, denied; display, displayed,

3. To form the plural of nouns ending in 5, x, ch, sh, add es: grass, grasses ; fo£, foxes ; churchy chxiTchcs ; fish^ fishes.

4. To form the plural of nouns ending in o preceded by a consonant, add es: potato, potatoes,

Common Exceptions: altos, cameos, cantos, grottos, pianos, mementos, tiros.

5. To form the plural of nouns ending i n / or/c, cliange / or/tf into vcs: leaf, leaves; knifes knives,

Common Eseeptions: ftoofs, reefs, roofs, briefs, chiefs, fifes, griefs, gulfs, proofs, safes.

6. Drop silent e before a suffix beginning -with a vcwel: come, coming; cure, curahlp. (Note: the e is retained to soften c or ^, as ia serviceable, courageous, singciii^ (pres, part, of singe), and in dyeing (pres. part, of dye), to distinguish it from dying,

7. In compound words U frequently becomes I: all, almost; till, niUil; full, fdl, fulfil; skill, full, skilful; thrall, enthral.

8. When a syllable is added to a word with a single final consonant, such consonant 13 frequently but not always doubled: travel, travelled, traveller; run, naming, runner; appal, appalled, appalling; wool, woollen; sham, shamming; fiog, fogging;'bar, barred^ barrvug,

Common Exceptions: appeal, appealed; henefit, benefited.

9. Pinal our becomes or before adding o^is : humour, humorous; valour, valorous.

10. Biphthongs EI, IE.

" When the diphthong rhym^ with key The i must go before the e Unless the diphthong follows c."

^samples: belief,field, piece, siege, receive, deceit. Common Exceptions: either, -neither, plebeian, skein, seize, weir, weird,

11. ilauy examples of double consonant are accounted for by the law ol aasimiilation the filial consonant of a prefix becoming the same as the first consonant of the root of a word. In this connection note the varioua modifications of the Latin prefixes ad, con, in, oh sub, and the Greek prefix sijn: accident, affect, aggrieve, allow, announce, appear, arrange] assist, attain, collect, command, correct, iltmnine, inunerse, irradiate, occiirt opponent, succeed m^er, surrender^ syllogism, symmetry. '

ENGLISH AUTHORS Abercrombie

AND THEIR WORKS Barr ie

Abercrombie, lascelles (born 1881), poei; and cHtio: Interludes and Poems; Deborah; The JSptc; Thomas Hard!/.

Addison, Joseph (1G72-1719), poet and essayist; The Campaign (on Blenheim) ; Rosamund (opera); Caio; The Free­holder; contribated to The Taller and The Spectator,

aa&io (955?-1022), Bcholar: Bomilie!; Latin Orammar. Translated parts of Old Testament. M/e of Mthelicold.

Ainswortli, Willjam Harrison (1805-1882), novelist: The Tower of London; Windsor Canle; Old Saint FauVs.

Abenside, Marli (1721-1770), poet: The Pleasures of the Imagination; Hymn to the Naiads.

Albott, Louisa May (1832-1888), American novelist: Little Women; Little Men.

Alcoin (735-804), soliolar: Letters and Latin ipoems.

Alfred the Great (848-900 or 901), trans­lator:_ said to have begun Old English Chronicle. Translated:—Orosius* Sis-

'tories; Bede's Ristoria JScclesiasticaj Boethius; Gregory's Cura Pastoralis,

Andiewes, Lancelot (1555-1G26), translator 'and tiieologian: A Manual of Private , Devotions.

Aiiselm (1033-1109), theologian: Our Deus 'Homo; Be Incamatione Verhi; Mono-legion^ etc.

Aibuthnot, Doctor John (1G67-1736), physician and wit: The History of John

' Bull; The Art of Political Lying; Memoirs of Martin Scriblerus.

Armstrong, John (1709-1779), physician and i poet: The Art of Preserving Health.

Arnold, Matthew (1822-1888), poet and critic: Poems:—Sohrab and Rvsium;

' Salder Bead; Tristram and Iseult; The Scholar Gipsy ; Thyrsis, Shorter poems,

•• including: Rugby Chapel; Westminster Abbey; Mycerinus; Empedocleson Etna;

' Reguiescal; The Forsaken Merman. ii Prose:—Essays in Criticism; Celtic Litera­

ture; On Translating Homer; Literature , and Dogma; St. Paul and Protestantism. Arnold, Thomas (1795-1842), headmaster ol

Rugby: History of Rome. 'Ascham, Roger (1615-1508), scholar: The • Scholemasler. Atterbniy. Francis (1662-1732), Bishop oj ' Rochester: Sermons, dissertations and

letters,

Anaten, Jane (1775-1817), novelist: Sforthanger Abbey; Pride and Prejudice; Sense and Sensibility; Emma; Mans­field Park ; Persuasion.

Aytoun, William Edmondstovme (1813-1865), poet: Lays of the Scottish Cavaliers; Eirmilian; Bothwell; joinb author of the Son Gaullier Ballads.

Bacon, Francis, Lord Vemlam, Tisconnt St Albans (1861-1626), essayist, historian and scientist: Essays; The Advance­ment of Learning; Novum Qrganum; Reign of Henry Vll.; De Augmentis; Sylva Sylvorum; The New Atlantis.

Bacon, Bogar (1214J-1204), scientist and philosopher: Opus Majus; Opus Secun­dum; and Opus Tertium; also Compen­dium Sludii Philosophia: and Compendium Sludii Theologicre.

Bagchot, Walter (182G-1877), economist and miscellaneous writer: The English Con­stitution; Physics and Politics; Lombard Street.

Bailey, Philip Jamea (1816-1902), poet: Festus.

Baillie, Joanna (17S2-1861), dramatist and poet: Plays of the Passions; FugitiveVerses.

Bale, John (1495-1563), writer o£ miracle plays: KyngJohan.

BaUantyne, Robert Michael (1825-1894), novelist: The Young Fur Traders; The Coral Island; Vngava; Martin Rattler.

Barbonr, John (131Sf-1395), poet; Brus (historical poem); attributed—Buik of Alexander, A Troye Romance, and collec­tion, Legends of the Saints.

Barclay, Alexander (1478 ?-1652), poet: The Ship of Fools (translation); Eclogues.

Barclay, Robert (1G48-1690), prtse writer: Apology for the Quakers,

Barham, Richard Hairia (1788-1845), novelist and humorous poet: Ingoldsby Legends.

Barnes, WilKam (1801-18861, poet: Poems in Dorset dialect.

Bamfleia, Richard (1674-1627), poot: As it Fell upon a Day.

Barrie, Su; Jamea Matthew (born iseO), novelist and dramatist: Kovels and Sketches—Anld lAcM Idylls; When a Man^s Single; An Edinburgh Eleven; A Window in Thrums ; My Lady Nicotine ; The LUIle Minister; Sentimental Tommy.

263

Baxter 264 Browne Plays—Jane Anne;' Professor's Love Story; Lillle While Bird; Little Minister; Quality Street; The Admiralile Crichton; Peter Pan; Dear Brutus; What Every Woman Kmnvs; Mary Rose.

Baxter, RieharS (1C15-1691), theologian: The Saints' Ererlasting Itest.

Beattie, James (1735-1803), poet: The Minslrel. ^

Beanmoat and Fletcher (Francis Beaumont, 1584r-101S, and John motohcr, 1579-1625), poets and playwrights; In collaboration:—Philaster; The Maid's Tragedy; A King and No King; The Knight of the Burning Pestle; The Scorn­ful Lady.

Beokford, William (17eO?-18M), romance •rtTiter: Vathek.

Beddoes, Thomas Lovell (1803-1819), poet and dramatist: The Bride's Tragedy; Death's Jest Book; Poems.

Bede, The Veneiahle (673-735), theologian and historian: Lives of St Cuthbert, and the Abbots o£ Jarrow and Wearmouth; Ecclesiastical History of the English People.

Behn, Mrs Aphia (1G40-1GS9), poet, play­wright and noyelist: The Pover, or the Banished Cavalier; The City Heiress; The Toicn Fop; The iMcky Chance; The Widow Banter ; Sir Patient Pancy.

Bek, Thomas, ol Castlelord (fl. 1320): ChronicU,

Belloc, Hilaiie (born 1870), journalist and miscellaneous writer: Danton; Robe­spierre ; The Path to Rome; Cautionary Tales.

Bemiett, Arnold (born 1867), novelist and dramatist: Anna of the Five Towns; The Old Wives' Tale; Clayhanger; Silda Lessways ; Sacred and • Profane Love; Buried Alive; The Card; The Lion's Share; Milestones.

Benfham, Jeremy (1748-1832), political ttxiter: A Fragment on Government; Introduction to the Principles of Morals.

Bentley, Richard (1602-1742), critic: Dis­sertation upon the Letters o( Phalaris,

Berkeley, George (1685-1753), philosopher : Essay towards a New Theory of Vision; Principles of Human Knowledge; Ilylas and Philonous; Aldphron, or the Minute Philosopher; Siris.

Bemers, Lord: see Bourchiet. Besant, Sir Walter (1836-1901), prose

writer; All Sorts and Conditions of Men. In collaboration with James Kice (1844-82), Ready Money Mortiboy; The Golden Butterfly.

Binyon, Lawrence (born 1869), poet: The Art of Asia; English Poetry in Relation to Painting and Other Arts; The Four Tears; Sokuntala.

Black, William (1841-1898), novelist: In Silk Attire; A Daughter of Heth; The Strange Adventures of a Phaeton; A Princess of Thtde.

Blaekmore, Richard Doddridge (1835-1900), novelist: Loma Doone; The Maid of Sker; Orippsthe Carrier; Perhjcross.

Blackatone, Sit William (1723-17S0), legal ^Titcr: Commentaries on the Lav^s of England,

Blaii.BcJieit(1699-1716), poet: The Graa. Blake, William'(1767-1827), poet: Poetical

Sketches; Songs of Innocence; The Book of Thel; Songs of Experience; Vrizen: or The Marriage of Heaven and Tlell. _

Blind Hany (Ilenry the iUnstrel, laie iiiteenth century), poet: Book of William Waliace.

'BoitOT!, George (1803-1881), prose wTitcr: The Zincali, or The Oypsies in Spain; The Bible in Spain ; Lafengro; The Romany Rye; Wild Wales.

BosweU, James (1740-1795), prose ^vritc^: Account of Corsica; Life of Johnson; Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides.

Boucicanlt, Dion (18SO-1890), dramatist: The Colleen Baum ; The Sliaughraun.

Bonicbier, John, Lord Bemera (1467-1533), translator: Froissart's Chronicles; Uuon of Bordeaux; Golden Book of Marcus Aurelius.

Boyle, Eohert (1627-1691), proso writer: The Sceptical Chjmist; The I'xcellency of Theology compared with Natural Phil­osophy.

Braddon, Mary Elizabeth (1837-1916), novelist: Lady Audley's Secret; Aurora

Bridges, Rohert (born 1844), poet: Prome­theus the Fire Giver; Eros and Psyche; Nero; Pa&'cio; Return of Ulysses; Christian Captives; Achilles in Scyros; Humours of the Court; Feast of Bacchus.

Biome, Richard (d. 1652 ?), poet and dra­matist : A Jovial Crew,

Bronte, Anne (1820-1849), novelist: Agnes Grey; The Tenant of Wildfett Hall.

Bronte, Charlotte (1816-1855), liovoliat: Jane Eyre; Shirley; Villefte.

Bronte, Emily (1818-1848), noveUst: Wuthering Heights, *.

Brooke, Heniy (170S-17SS), poet, dramatist and novelist: Fool of Quality.

Brooke, Rupert (1887-1913). poet: Poems, including England.

Brooke, Stoptord (18^2-1916), critic: Golden Book of Coleridge; Studies of Bro^vning, Tennyson, Shelley, and of English Litera­ture generally.

Brougham and Vaux, Henry Peter Biongbam, 1st baron (1778-1868), critic: Sketches of the Statesmen of the Time of George III.; Lives of Men of Letters and Science; Autobiography.

Brown, John (1810-1882), prose writer: Itab and His Friends; Pet Marjorie; Our Dogs.

Browne, Sir Thomas (1S05-1C82), prose writer: Religio Medici; Pseudodozia Epidemica ; The Garden of Cyrus ; Uijdri-otaphia; Christian Morals; A Letter to a Friend.

Browne 265 Campbell Browne, William (1591-1G13), poet: £rit-

Qj?ma's FastoraU; Shepherd's Pipe. Browning, Elizabeth Barrett (180C-18G1),

jtoet: Essay on Mind; tnnslation of Prometheus Jiound; The Seraphtm • Lady Ocraldine's Courtship; Drama of Lxile; The PoefsVow; Cou-pcr's Graie; Sonnets from the Portuguese; Casa Qutdi WiTidows, Aurora Leigh.

Browning, Robert OS12-1889), poet: Para-ichus; Sordcllo; I'lppaPassesj iitraljord, Colombe's Pirthdai/; Luna; bramaiic Lyrics; Dramatic Pomances; Christmas Die aJid Daster Day; Men. and ]( omen; Dramatis Persona;; The Ring and the Book; Balausiion's Adienture; Pnnce IIohenstiel-,Schicangau; Pifineatthe Fair.

Bryant, William Cullen (1794-1878), Ameri­can poet and journnhst: The Embargo, or Sketches of the Times ; The PQuntavi; The n Itite-Footed Deer and Other Pocnis, Thirty Poems.

Bryce, James, Viscount (1838-1022), prose writer: The Plague of London; The May Queen; The Holy Roman Lynpire; The Academxcal Stiulg of the Ciiil Law; The American Commonwealth.

Brylitferlh (d. 1000), scholar: UaMboc on Mathematics.

Buchanan, George (150&-15S3), poet and scholar: Chamoilcon; Admomi\^n to the Treiv Lordw; History of Scotland.

Buchanan, Robert (1811-1901), poet: Lon~ don Poems.

Buckhurst, Thomas Sackville, Lord (153G-1008), dramatist: Oorboduc (m COTI]UTIC-tion with Thomas Norton).

Bunyan, John (1G28-1688), prose wnter: Pilgrim's Progress; The Uohj'W af; Grace Aboumhng; Life and Death of Mr Jiadman.

Burke, Edmund (l'-9-1797), prose -^Titcr: Vindication of Natural Society; Ji^uiry VUG tlie Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful; Obseriations on the Present State of the Nation; Thoughts on PrcsaU Discontaits; Speech on American Taxation; Speech on Conciliation icith America ; Reflections on the French liei olution; Thoughts mi French Affairs; Letter to a Noble Lord; Letter on a Regicide Peace.

Burnet, Gilbert (1013-1715), Bishop of SaUsbury: Ilis'ory of the Reformation ; History of My Own Times.

Burnet, Thomas (about 1G35-1715), theo­logical ^Tjter : The Sacred Theory of the Larth.

Eumey, Frances, Madam D'Arblay (1753-18J0), novehst: Dtclina; Cecilia; Camilla; The Wanderer; Memoirs of Dr Bumcy,

Bums, Robert (1759-1796), poet: Son^ in­clude; Mary Morison; To Mary m llcaien; Ae Fond Kiss; Te Banks and Braes; John Anderson, my Jo • Auld Lang Syne; Comin* Thro^ tlte Rye; Bonnie Jean; My Nannie 0; 0 ^yert Thou 171 the Cauld BIcAst, Satirea: The

Holy Fair; Holy Willie's Prayer; To the Unco'' Ouid, Poema on Man: The Tica Dogs; A Man's a Man for a' That, National Poems : The Cottar's Saturday Ni^it; HalUwe'cn; The Jolly Beggars; Tarn o' Shanter; Scots Wha Hac; The Brigs 0* Ayr. Nature Poems: The Birks 0* Aherfcldy; To a Mouse; To a Mountain Daisy. Humoroua Poems: Address to the Dehl; Duncan Gray's Wooing; Captain Grose's Peregrinations,

Burton, Robert (1577-1C40), scholar: The Anatomy of Melancholy.

Burton, Sir Richard (1821-1890), traveller and linguist: Pilgrimage to Dl Medinah and Mecca; TYanslation of Arabian Nights.

Bary, Richard of (1281-13^5), critic; Philo biblon^

Butler, Joseph (1G92-1752), Bishop of Bribtol: Sermons; Tlte Analogy of Religion.

Butler, Samuel (1G12-16S0), poet: Hudi-bras ; The Elephant and the Moon.

Butler, Samuel (1335-1902), no\elh,t: Erc-wlion; Brewhon Revisited; The )I ay of All Flesh; Odyssey; Note-books.

Byrom, John (1G91-1763), poet: Christians

ByroQ, Lord (1788-1821), poet: Hours of Idleness; Bnglish Bards and Scotch iie-ncicers; Chikle Harold's Pilgrimage; The Giaour ; The Bnde of Abydos ; 2 he Corsair; Lara; The Siege of Corinth; Pansina; The Prisoner of Chillon; The Dream; Manfred; Beppo; Don Juan; The Prophecy of Dante; Manno Falicro; Sardanapalus; The Two Foscan; Cam; The Vision of Judgment; When We Two Parted; Maid of Athens.

c Casdmon (lUed 680), poet: Paraphrases of

tho early Scriptures Into verse, also of the lires of Christ and His Apostles.

Caine, Sii Thomaa Henry Hall (born 1853), novelist: The Shadow of a Cnme; The SonofUagar; The Deemster r The BoM-man; The Scapegoatj The Manxman; The Chnsimn; The Eternal Cihj; TIx! Prodigal Son.

Calverley, Charles Stuart (1831-1884): Parodies; Verses and Translations; Fly-Icaies,

Camhrenais, Giraldus (1^47-1223), chnroli-man and historian; Topograjlhy of Ire­land ; Bistort/ of the Conquat of Ireland ; Description of Wales ; Itinerary,

Camden, Wilham (1551-1623), luitonan: Britannia.

Campbell, Thomaa (1777-184-1), poet: The Pleasures of Hope ; Gertrude of II yommg, Popular shorter poems: le Manners of England; Uohenhrulm; The Battle of the Baltic; Lord Vlhn's Daughter; The Soldier's Dream,

Campion 266 Coryate Campion, Thomaa (1573 ?-l()19?), poet and

laublcian: Lyrics. Caiew, Thomas (159(1 ?-1639), poet: Calum

Uritannicum (masque); The Rapture; hisdain Ucturned; The Cruel Zlisiress ; Ask me TIO more,

Carlyle, Ihomas (1705-1881), essayist and historian: Life of Schiller; translation of Goethe's Vilhelm ileister; Essays on German, writers; Essays on Burns, Johh-Eon, Voltaire, etc.; Sarlor Sesartus; The French jReiolution; Chartism; Heroes and Hero Worship; Past and Present; CromweWs Letters and Speeches; Latter Bay Pamphlets; Life of Sterling; History of Frederick the Great.

"Carroll, l ewis" (Eev. Charles Latwidge Sodgson, 1833-1898), romance writer: Alice in Wonderland; Through the Look­ing- Glass,

Cavendish, George (about 1500-15G1): Life of Wolsey,

Cavendish, HEniy (1731-1810), physicist: Record of research on analysis of air and on water.

Caxton, William (1122-1491), author, trans­lator and jjrinter: Translations of lietf-nardthe Poxe; The Golden Legend; Lyfof Jason,

Channmg, William Elleiy (1780-1842), American critic: Pemarks on the Char­acter and Writings of John Milton; J?c-marksonthe Life and Character of Napoleon Bonaparte; Essay on the Character and WrUings of Phielon.

Chapman, George (1659-1634), poet and dramatist: All Fools; .Monsieur d'Oliic; Sussy d^Ambois; The Conspiracy of Byron; The Tragedy of Byron; The Bevenge of Pussy d^Amhois; Ovid's Banquet of Sense; completed Marlowe's Hero and Leander; Iliad (translation into verse); Odyssey (translation).

Chatteiton, Thomas (1752-1770), poet: The Powley Poems ; The Excelcnte Balade of Charitie,

Chaucer, Geoffrey (1340-1400), poet: The Parlement of Foules ; The Ilous of Fame ; Troilus and Criseyds; Legendo of Good Women ; Canterhtry Tales, eto.

Cheke, Sit John (1514-1667), prose voriter : ILurt of Sedition,

Chesterfield, Philip Dormer Stanhopa, Earl o! (1694r-1773): Letters to his Son.

Chesterton, 6. K. (bom 1874), essayist and novelist: Man Alive; The Yic-torian Age in Literature; The Flying Inn; A Short History of England; Irish Im­pressions; Magic,

Chillingwortb, William (1602-1044); The licligion of the Protestants a Safe Way to Salvation.

Church, Eiohaid William (1815-1890), prose writer: The Oxford Movement.

Churchill, Charles 0-731-1764), poet: Tlie Eosciad; Night; The Prophecy of Famine; Epistle to Hogarth; The Ghost; Gotham,

Gibber, Colley (1671-1757), poet: Loie's Last Shift; The Provoked Busbani; The Nonjuror,

darendon. Earl of: see Hyde. Clemens: see Twain. Cleveland, John (1613-1658), poet: The

Rebel Scot. Clongh, Arthur Hugh (1819-1861), poet:

The Sothie of Tober-na-Vvolich; Easter Bay; Say not the Struggle Naught Amileth; Where Lies the Land, ,

Cobbeti, Willhmi (1762-1835), ml>icellaneou3 writer; Peter Porcupine; A History of the Eefarmation; Rural Rides in England; An English Grammar, Edited the Political Register,

Cookljnrn, Henry Thomas, Ixiifl (1779-18S4), Scottish judge: Memorials of His Time,

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor (1772-1834), poet: The Bime of the Ancient Mariner; Love; Christabcl; Kubla Khan; The Nightin­gale; Hymn before Sunrise in the Vale of Chamouni; Youth and Age; The Knight's Tomb ; Work without Hope; The Ballad of the Bark Ladie; The Three Graves; Biographia Lileraria (prose),

Collier, Jeremy (1650-1726), prose writer: Short View of the Immorality and Pro-f oneness of the English Stage,

Collins, Anthony (1C7S-1729), pto5e writer; Biscourse on Freethinking,

Collins, William Wilkie(1824-18S9),novelisb: The Woman in White ; The Moonstone,

Collins, William (1721-1759), pocb; Persian Eclogues ; On the Passions ; To Evening ; On Liberty; On Simplidty; On Pity; On Fear,

Colman, George (1732-1791), dramatist: The Clandestine Marriage (in collaboration with Gfarrick).

Congreve, William (1670-1739), poet and dramatist: The Old Bachelor; The Bouble Bealer; Love for Love; The Mourning Bride; Tlie Way of the World,

Conrad, Joseph 0.857-1934), novelist: Almayer's Folly; Under Western Eyes; Reminiscences; 'Twixt Land and Sea; Within the Tides; The Shadow Line; Chance; Victory; The Arrow of Gold; The Rescue,

Constable, Henry (15C2-1G13), poet: Biana, Cooper, Anthony Ashley! see Shaitesbnry. Cooper, James Fenimore (1789-1851),

American novelist: Precaution; The Spy; The Pioneers! The Pilot; The Last of theMohicans; The Prairie; The Red Rover; The Pathfinder; The Beer-slayer,

Corelli, Marie 0864-1934), novelist: A Romance of Two Worlds; Vendetta; Thelma; Ardath; The Soul of LUith; Barabbas ; The Sorrows of Satan ; The Mighty Atom; The Master Christian; Temporal Power,

Cory, William (1823-1892), poet: lonica, Coryate, Thomaa (1577-1617), traveller:

Coryate's Crudities Hastily Gobbled Up.

Coverdaie 267 Donne Coverdale, Miles (148S-1668): Said to have

assisted in translation of Bible. Cowley, Abraham (1618-1607), poet and

essayist: Poetical Blossoms; Love's Riddle; The Guardian, re-named later TlieCutlerof Coleman Street; The Mistress; Davideis; Odss; Essays; Letters,

Cowper, William (1731-1800), poet: Ohiey Hymns ; Truth; Progress of Error; The Task, Short Poems: John Gilpin, etc. Bomer (translation).

CrahliB, George (1754-1832), poet: The Library; The Village; The Newspaper; The Parish Register; The Borough; Tales of the nail.

Ctailf, Mrs Dinah Maria (1826-1887), novelist: John Halifax, Gentleman.

Cranmer, Thomas (1489-1550), Archbishop o Canterbury: Preface to the Great Bible; Prayers for English Prayer Booi.

Crashaw, Eiehaid (1613 ?-164:9), poet: Steps to the Temple; Belighls of the Muses; The Flaming Heart; Hymn to St Theresa.

Crawford, Francis Marion (I854r-1909), American noyelist: Mr Isaacs; Dr Claudius ; A Roman Singer; A Cigarette-Maker's Romance; Zoroaster; Prancesea da Rimini.

Ctowne, John (1640 ?-1703), dramatist: Sir Courtly ice; Darius.

Omnierland, Richard (1732-1811), dramatist: The West Indian ; The Fashionable Lovers.

CynewnU, Northumbrian poet of the eighth century. Attributed—Christ; Andreas ; Elene, Guthlac, Juliana (Lives of Saints). Perhaps The Bream of the Rood, and Plmnix.

D Daniel, Samuel (1562-1010), poet: Delia;

The Complaint of Rosamond; The Civil Wars; Miisopliilus ; A Defence of Rime; The Queene's Arcadia ; Hymen's Triumph.

Darwin, Charles Robert (1809-1882), scien­tist; Joiimal of Researches; The Origin of Species; Tlie Fertilizatimi of Orchids; Climbing Plants; The Descent of Man; Expression of the Emotions ; Earthworms.

Darwin, Erasmus (1731-1802), physician and physiologist: The Botanic Garden.

Davenant, Sir William (1006-1068), drama­tist ; Albion, Tlie Siege of Rhodes (first English opera); Gondibert.

Davidson, John (1867-1909), poet: Fleet Street Eclogues.

Davies, Sir John (1569-1626), poet: Nosce Teipsum.

Davies, William H.(born 1870), poet; The Soul's Destroyer; The Autobiography of a Super Tramp; Mature Poems and Others; Forty New Poems; A Poet's Pilgrimage.

Day, Jolm (born 1574), dramatist: The Isle [of Gulls; Law Trickes; The Parliament \.of Bees (Masque).

Day, Thomas (1748-1789), novelist: Sandford and Merton.

Defoe, Daniel (1661 ?-l 731), essayist and novelist: Essay on Projects; The True Bom Englishman; The Shortest Way with the Dissenters; Robinson Crusoe; Memoirs of a Cavalier; Captain Singleton; Moll Flanders; Colonel Jack; liaxana; Journal of the Plague; A Tour through the Whole of Britain.

Dekker, Thomas (1670 ?-ie40 ?), dramatist: The Shoemaker's Holiday; Old Fortunatus; The Virgin Martyr (coUaboratiou with Massinger); Satiro-mastix; The Belman of London; The Guls Homhoke.

De la Mare, Walter (born 1873), poet: Songs of Childhood; Henry Bracken ; Poems; The Three Mulla Mulgars; The Return; The Listeners ; Peacock Pie ; Motley and otlter Poems ; Alemoirs of a Midget; The RiddU; The Veil.

De Morgan, William (1839-1917), noveUst: Joseph Vance; Alice-for-Short.

Denham, Sir John (1616-1609), poet: Cooper's Hill; ElegyonCowlcy.

De Quincey, Thomas (1785-1869), essayist: Confessions of an Opium Eater; Letters to a Young Man; On Murder Considered as One of the Fine Arts ; The Revolt of the Tartars; Suspiria de Profundis; Joan of Arc; The English Mail Coach; Eloster-helm; The Logic of Political Economy.

Dibdin, Charles (1745-1814), musician, dra­matist, actor, song-wi*iter: The Water­man; The Qualcer; Jack Ratlin; The Bells of Aberdovey.

Dioeto, Ralph of (d. 1200): Chronicle. Dickens, Charles (1812-1870), novelist:

Sketclies by Boz; Pickwick Papers; Oliver Twist; Nicholas Nickleby; The Old Curiosity Shop; Bamaby Rudge; AvKrican Notes; The Christmas Carol; Martin Chualewil; The Chimes; The Cricket on the Hearth; • Pictures from Italy; Dombey and Son; David Copper-field ; Bleak House; Hard Times; Little Dorrit; A Tale of Two Cities; The Vncommercial Traveller; Great Expecta­tions ; Our Mutual Friend ; Tlie Mystery of Edwin Drood (unfinished).

Dillon, Wentworth, Earl of Roscommon (1634-1086), poet-critic: Essay on Trans­lated Verse.

Disraeli, Benjamin, Earl o! Beaconsfleld (18M-1S81), novehst and statesman: Coningsby; Sybil; Tanered; Lothair; Vivian Grey; Alroy; Henrietta Temple.

Dohell, Sydney (1824-1874), poet: Tla Roman; Balder.

Dobson, Anstm (1810-1921), poet and critic: Vignettes in Rhyme; Proverbs «l Porce­lain; Fielding; Richard Steele; Life of Oliver Goldsmith; Horace Walpole; Eigh­teenth Century Vignettes; The Story of Rosina.

Donne, John (1573-1631), poet: The Will; Go and catch a falling star; Satires.

Doug'las 268 Fletchei* Douglas, Gawain (1474?-1532), poet: Tlie

Palace of Honour; King Hart; JEndi (translation).

Doyle, Sil Arthut Conan (born 1859), noreliat: Zlieah Clarke; The While Com­pany ; Rodneij SUme ; The AdTentures of Slierloek Holmes; The Memoirs of Sher­lock Holmes; The Hound of the Basker-villes ; The Return of Sherloch Eolmes.

Doyle, Sil Francis Hastings (1810-1888), poet: The Red, Thread of Honour; The Frimte of the Buffs.

Diayton, Michael (1603-1031), poet: i7ar-mony of the Church; Idea; Pastorals; The Barons' Wars; England's Eeroical Epistles; The Owl; Polyolbion; The Battle of Agincourt; The Sheplierd's Sirena; The Muses of Elysium; Sym-phidia.

Drinkwater, John (bom 1883), poet anci dramatist: Abraham Lincoln; Marie Stuart; Poems; Cophetua.

Drommond, William, of Hawthornden.(1585-1649), poet: Poems; Floicers of Sion.

Dryden, John (1031-1700), poet and drama­tist : Poems and Odes: Annus Mirabilis; To the Memory of Mrs Anne Killigreio; Eleanora; A Song for St Cecilia's X>ay; Alexander's Feast. Satires: Absalom anil Achitophel; The Medal; MacEUcknoe. Religious poems: Religio Laid; The Hind and the Panther, Translations: Virgil; Palamon and Ardte; Cym&n and Iphigenia, etc. Plays: The Indian Em­peror; Tyrannic Love; The Mock Astrologer; The Conquest of Oranada; Marriage k la Mode; All for Love; The Spanish Friar, Prose: Essay on Xiramatic Poesy,

Da Marnier, George (1834-1806), novelist: Trilby; The Martian.

Dunbar, William (1406?-1630?), poet: Tlie Thrissil and the Rois ; The Dance of the Sevin Dddly Synnis,

Dyer,John(1700-1768),poet: Grongar Hill; The Ruins of Rome ; The Fleece,

Dyer, Su; Edward (1650-1007), poet: My mind to me a kingdom is.

E Eadmei (d. 1124), scholar: Yita Anselmi and

Histon'a Novorum. Earle, John (1601-1005), prose writer:

Microcosmographie. Edgeworth, Maria (1767-1849), noTclist:

Castle Rackrent; The Absentee; Ormorul. "Eliot, Geoige" (Mary Ann Evans, 1819-

1880), novelist: Scenes of Clerical Life; Adam Bede; The Mill an the Floss ; Silas Mamer; Romola; Felix Holt; Middle-march; Daniel Deronda; The Spanish Gypsy ; The Legend of'Jubal."

Elliott, Ebenezer (17S1-1S49), poet: The Village Patriarch; The Corn-Law Rhymes.

Elliott, Jean (1727-lSOJ), poet: The Flowers of the Forest,

Elyot, Sir Thomas (1400-1510), prose -nTitor: The Govemour; The Cattle of Health.

Emerson, Ralph Waldo (1803-1883), Amrai-cauessayist: Essays; Kijiris>.,italiveMen; English Traits; Podryand Criticism.

Ethelwold, Bishop of Winchester (B. 903): English Version of BcneiJifline llule.

Ethcrege, Sir George (1036?-1091), dramatist: She Would^if she Could;,The Man of Mode,

Evelyn, John (1820-1700), prose writer Diary; Sytoa (on tree planting).

F Fabyan, Rotert (d. 1513), English chronicler:

The Cffiiccu'dance of Jlisiorus. Falconer, William (1732~17G9), poefc: The

SMpioreck, Farquhar, George (1G78-1707), dramalisfc:

Love and a Boltle; The Constant Covpie; The Recndiing Officer; The BcmCs Stratagem.

Feltham, Owen (1603 ?-lGG8), prose w-ritor: Hesolves

Ferguson,'Sir Samuel (ISIO-ISSO), poet: Conary; Lays of the Western Gael.

Fergusson, Robert (1760-1771), poet: Daft Days; Ldth Races; Auld Reekie; Ode to a Goicdspink.

Ferrier, Susan Edmonstone (1783-186-1), nov(^st; Marriage; 'Jhe Inheritance;

Field, Eugene (1860-1895), American poet: With Trumpet and Drum; A Liltle Book of Western Verse; The Love Affairs of a Bibliomaniac.

Fielding, Henry (1707-1761), novolist: Tom Thumb the Great; Joseph Amlreics; A Journey from this World to the A\'Tt; Tom Jones; Amelia; The History o f Jonathan Wild the Great.

Finlay, George (1799-1873), hi toi i.m: His­tory of Greece, from the Conquest by the Romans to 1864.

Fitzgerald, Edward (1809-1883), scholar, translator and poet: Euphranor; Six Dramas of Ca'uleron and The LiMiydt of Omar Khayydm (transLition).

Pleoker, James Elroy (1884-1915), poet and dramatist: Tlx Bridge of J'Sre; The Golden Journey to Sanmrcand. Play: Hassan,

Flecknoe, Richard (d. 1078), poet, dramatist and miscellaneous wi-itcr: M'isclUmia, or Poems of All Sorts; Love's hominion; The Damoiselles d la Mode (a comedy).

Fletcher, Giles (1588 ?-1623), poet: Christ's Victory and Triumph.

Fletcher, John (157S>-ie25), pocfc: T!>e Faithful Sliephcrdcss; The Uumorotts Lieutenant; Rulea Wifeand liaiva Wife; The Loyal Subject; Bouduca; Valen-iinian. See Beaumont,

Fletcher 269 Green Fletcher, Phineas (1582-1050), poeb: The

Purple Island. Florio, John (1553?-1025), man o£ letters:

Translated Montaigne's JSsiais. Foote, Samuel (1720—1777), dramatist: The

Mayor of Oarratt. Ford, John (about 158(5-1010), poet and

dramatist: The Witch of Edmonton (in collaboration with Dekker and Eowley); Tlie Lover's ilelaiKholy; The Broken Beart; Low's Sacrifice; PerWn Warbcck.

Fotster, John (1812-1870), prose writer: XAfe of Landor ; Life of Dickens.

Fox, George (1624-1691): (Pounder of "Society ol Friends," or Quakers): Journal,

Foxe, John (1510-1587), prose writer: The Book of Martyrs (Protestant).

Eianklin, Benjamin (1706-1790), American prose writer; Pamphlets on Pafer Cur-Tencyt Fopulation, National Wealthy and Free Trade; Experiments and Observa­tions on Electricity; Political, Miscel­laneous^ and Philosophical Pieces.

Frazer, Sir Jamea George (born 1864), antbro-. pologist: The Oolden jlough.

Freeman, Edwaid Augustus a833-lS92), historian; History of the Normatt Con-t^est.

Frere, John Hookham (1769-1846), poet: The Monks and the Giants.

Froude, James Anthony (1818-1894), his­torian: The Nemesis of Faith; Sltort Studies on Great Subjects; History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Spanish Armada; The English in Ireland in the Eighteenth Cen­tury ; Bunyan ; Life of Carhjle; Oceana; The Two Chiefs of Punboy; Life and Letters of Erasmus.

Fuller, Thomas (ICOS-lGOl), prose writer; The Holy State; Good Thoughts in. Bad Times; Good Thoughts in Worse Times; X Pisgah Sight of Palestine; A Church History of Britain; Mixt Contemplations in Better Times; The Worthies of England.

I ^ Galsworthy, John (bora 1867), novelist and

dramatist: The Island Pharisees; The Man of Property; The White Monkey; The Patrician; Saint's Progress; The Forsyte Saga. Plays: Strife; Justice; Tlie Shin Game.

Gait, John (1779-1839), novelist: Ayrshire Legatees; Ammls of the Parish; The Provost; The Entail.

Gaidmer, Samuel Rawson (1839-1902), his­torian : The Early Stuarts.

Qamett, Riehard (1835-1906), prose writer: Life of Carlyle; History of Italian Literature,

Gartick, Datid (1717-1779), actor: The Lying Valet; collaborated with Cobnan in T/ie Clandestine Marriage,

Gaith, Sir Samuel (1661-1719), poet: The Pispensary.

Gascoigne, George (1525 ?-1577), poeb and translator: translation of Ailosto's The Supposes (first English prose comedy); A Hundred Sundrie Flowrcs (ijoems); The Glasse of Government; The Steele Glas.

Gaskell, Elizabeth Cleghom (1810-1865), novelist: Manj Bartm; Cranford; Sylvia's Lovers; Cousin Phillis; Life of Charlotte BrontS.

Gay, John (1085-1732), poet and dramatist: The Shepherd's Week; Trivia; Fables; Ads and Galatea; The Beggar's Opera; Black-Eyed Susan; Polly.

George, Henry (1839-1897), American prose writer: Progress and Poverty; Tlie Con­dition of Labor ; Political Economy.

Gibbon, Edward (1737-1791), prose writer: The Decline and Fallofthe Roman Empire; Memoirs; Autobiography,

Gifford, William (1750-1826), critic : edited Ben Jonson : criticism of Eeats,

Gflbert, Sir W. S. (1836-1911), poet and dramatist: Bab Ballads; Foggeriy's Fairy.

In collaboration with Sir A. S. Sullivan: Thespit; Trial iij Jury; The Sorcerer; M.M.S.Pinafore; The Pirates ofPcn2ance; Patience; lolanthe; Princess Ida; The Mikado; Ruddigore; The Teomen of the Guard; The Gondoliers; Utopia Limited; The Grand Duke.

Gissing, George (1857-1903), novelist: Demos ; Thyrza; New Grub Street; The Odd Women; The Private Papers of Henry Ryecroft; IffH Wariurton. Also —Life of Dickens.

Gloucester, Robert ol (d. 1300 ?) : Chronicle in long-lined verse. (Authority on the Battle of Evesham.)

Glover, Richard (1712-1785), poet: Leoniias; Boadicea ; The Athenaid,

Godwin, Mrs Mary (Wollstonecratt) (1759-1797), miscollaneoug writer: Reply to Burke's Reflections on the French Revolu­tion; Vindication of tite Rights of Women,

Godwin, William (1750-1836), philosopher and novelist: Political Justice; Caleb Williams; St Leon.

Goldsmith, Oliver (1728-1774), poet and dramatist: The Traveller; The Deserted Village; Retaliation; Essays; Vicar of Wakefield; The Qood Natur'd Man; Sf:e. Stoops to Conquer.

Gosson, Stephen (1554^-1624), satirist: The School of Abuse,

Gower, John (1325 ?-1408), poet: Cin^uante lialades; Mirour de I'Omme; Vox Clamantis; Confessio Amanlis,

Gray, Thomas (1716-1771), poet: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard; The Bard; The Progress of Poesy; On a Distant Prospect of Eton College; On Spring ; To Advernty ; On the Pleasures Arising from Vicissitude.

Green, John Richard (1837-1883), lilstorian:

Greeii 270 Heywood T!ie MaUng of Mngland; The Conquest of Englmul; Short Uistonj of the English People.

Green, Thomas HiU (1830-1882), philo­sopher : J^rolegomena to Ethics.

Greene, Eobeit (15C0 ?-1602), poet and dramatist: Mamilia; Friar liac&n and Friar Bungay; Euphues' Censure to Philautus; Fandosto; Alphonsus^ King of Aragon; Menaphon; James IV.; George-a-Greene; The Repentance of Robin Greene; A Groalsworth of Wit Bought with a Million of Repentance.

Greville, IWke, Lord Brooke (166!H628): biographer o£ Sidney.

Grostete, Eobert (d. 1253): On Theology, Aristotle, etc.

Grote, George (1794-1871), liistorian and politician: History of Greece.

GuildSord, John o£ (prol). fl. 1226), attributed The Owle and the Nightingale.

H Habington, William (1G05-1654), poefc:

Castam. Hake, Thomas Gordon (1809-1895), poet:

New Sytribols, Ealduyt,Richani (1553 ?-lG16), prose writer:

Voyages. Hales, Alexander o£ (d. 1345), theologian:

Summa Universa Thcologia:. Hales, John (158'ir-165G),' prose writer:

Goldeii Ueinains (Sermons). Hall. Edward (im^^-lU7), liisfcorian:

Ohrouicle, The Union of the Two Noble Families of Lancaster and Torke (used by Shakespeare).

Hall, Joseph (157i-lG5(;), poet: Yirgi-demiarum (satires).

Hallam, Henry (1777-1859), historian: View of the State of Euro-pe during the Middle Ages ; The Constitutional HistoTy of England; Introduction to the literature of Europe.

Hamilton, Sir William Rowan (1788-1856), metaphysician: Discussions on Fhih-sophy; Lectures on Metaphysics and Logic.

Hardy, Thomas (born 1840), novelist and poet: Under the Greenwood Tree; A Fair of Blue Eyes; Far from the Madding Crowd; The Mayor of Casterbridge; Tess of the F" Urbermlles; Life's Little Ironies; Jvde the Obscure ; Wessex Tales; The Fynasts (poetic drama); Collected Foems,^ including Wessex poems; Time's Laughing Stocks; Satires of Circumstance; Moments of Vision.

Harrison, Frederick (1831-1923), historian: The Meaning of History ; Early Victorian Literature; Oliver Cromwell.

Harte, Francis Bret (1839-1902), American poet and novelist: East and West Foerns; M'Liss; Truthful James and Other

Foems ; Two Men of Sandy Bar; Tales, Foems, and Sketches; The Luck of Roaring Gamp.

Hawes, Stephen (d. 1523 ?), ijoet: The Fastime of Fleasure; History of Grajul Amour and La Belle Fucelle ; Example of Virtue; Conversion of Shearers; The Temple of Glasse.

Hawker. Robert Stephen (1804-1875), poet: The Quest of the Sangrtal; Shorter piecgs— The Song of the Western Mm; Queen Gwennyvafs Rowul; The Bells of Bottreaux,

Hawthorne, Nathaniel (1804-1864), American novelist: The Scarkt Letter; The Ilffiise of the Seven Gables ; Tangleu ood Tales ; The Blithedale Romance; A Rill from the Town Fump,

Hazlitt, WiUiam (1778-lSllO), c- saylst and ml'icellaneous writer: The Characters of Shakespeare's Flays; Lectures on the English Poets; English Comic Writer'?; Dramatic Literature of the Age of Elizabeth; The Spirit of the Age; lAfe of Napoleon.

Hearn, Lalcadio (1850-190G), writer on Japanese subjects: Glimpses of Un­familiar Japan; Outof the East; Japan: an Attempt at J-nterpretation.

Hemans, Mrs Felicia (1793-1835), poetess; Verses

Henley, William Ernest (1849-1903), poefc and critic: London Voluntaries; Hos­pital Sketches. Collaborated with R. L. Stevenson in plays—Beau Austin; Deacon Brodie; Admiral Guinea; Maccnre.

Henry, 0. (William Sidney Porter, 1862-1910), American story-writer: Cabbages and Kings; The Four M Ulion; The Trimmed Lamp; Heart of the West; The Voice of the City; Roads of Destiny^; Whirligigs; Strictly BusiJiess; Sixes and Sevens; Rolling Stones. /

Henryson, Robert (1130 ?-160G ?), poet: The Testament of Creseid; Orpheus and Eury-dice; Robyne and Makyne (m'st Engli^ pastoral); Fables.

Herbert, George (1593-1G33), poet und divine: The Temple.

Herchown—supposed to bo Sir Hugh o! Eglmtoun (1320 ?-1380), poet: Fystel of Swete SusanTie (alliterative); The Great Gest of Arthure (lost) ; Awntyre of Gawaine (lost); Morte Arihire (allitei*a-tive poem).

Herriek, Robert (1591-1C74). poet and divine : Hesperides; Noble Numbers, Shorter poems: Fair Daffodils; Gather ye Rosebuds while ye may; Corinna's

Hewlett, Maurice (lSGl-1923), novelist and poet: The Soiig of the Plough ; Forest Lovers; The Spanish Jade; The Queen's Quair; The Stooping Lady.

Heyivood, John (1497?-15S0?), dramatist: The Merrie Play between Faidoner and Friar; The Citrate and Neiglibour Pratt; The Merrie Play between Johann tite H-us-

Heywood 271 Jonsoii band, Tib his Wife, and Sir John the Priest; Dialogue of Wil and FoUllS The Plai; of the Wether; etc.

Heywood, Thomas (-1576 ?-1050), dramatist: A .Woman killed with Kindness; Edicard 17; The Four Prentices of London I The Pair Maid of the West.

Higflen, Ralph (d. 13M), soliolar of Chester ; Poliichrmkm: encyelopmdia of aji nvsiil-able mowledge.

Hobiesi Thomas (1588-1679), philosopher: Be Civs; BeHomine; Be CorporePolitico; The Leviathan,

Hogg, James (1770-:S35), "Tho Ettrici Shepherd," poet and prose writer: The Mountain Sard; The Forest Minstrel; T!w Queen's Wake; Modoc of llie Moor; The Pilgrims of the Sun; The Border Garland ; Kilmentj; The Boy's Song.

Holcrott, Thomas (1746-1809), noyelist: ''Anna St Ives; Rt^jh Trevor.

Holinshed, Eaphael (d. 1580?).- CJhroniclG of ; England and Scotland (used by Shake-•; speare).

Hohnes, Oliver Wendell (1809-1891), Ameri-•I can prose writer and novelist: The

Autocrat of the BreaTcfast Table ; The Pro-, fessor at the Breakfast Table; Elsie • ' Venncr ; The Poet at the Breakfast Table; ,1 Poems. ;'Hood, Thomas (1799-1846), poet and humor-•' is t ; The Song of the Shirt; The Bridge of '; Sighs; The Plea of the Midsummer

Fairies; Fair Incs; I Pemember ,• The Bream of Eugene Aram.

Hooker, Richard (1564 ?-1600): prose writer: The Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity,

"Hope, Anthony" (HawWns, Sir Anthony Hope, born 18G3), novelist: The I'risoner ofZenda; Rupert of Hcntzatt.

Home, Richard Hengisfc (1803-1884), poet: Orion.

Houghton, E. Monctton Mihies, Lord (1809-1885), critic and song-writer: Strangers Yet.

Hovedon, Roger oE (A-1200): Obromcle. Howe, Julia Ward (1819-1910), American

poet and essayist: Passion Flowers ,* Words for the Hour; Later Lyrics; From Sunset Ridge ; Poems Old and SeM ; The Bailie Bymn of the Republic; Modern Society.

Hume, David (1711-1776), philosopher and historian: Philosophical Essays; Enquiry into Principles of Morals; History of England.

Hunt, James Hemy Leigh (1784-1869), essayist and poet: The Story of Rimini; Aboii Ben Adhem. Edited The Examiner and The Indicator.

Hatlon, Richard Holt (1826-1907), journal­ist : edited the Spectator. Contemporary Thought and Thinkers.

Huxley, Thomas Hemy (1825-1835), scientist: Man's Place in Nature; Method and ResuUs; Science and Hebrew Tradition; Evolution and Ethics,- Hume.

Hyde, Edward, Earl of darendon (160S-1674), prose writer: The History of the Great Rebellion.

Ingelow,Jean(1820-1897),poetess: A Rhym­ing Chronicle; Tales of Orris; Stories told to a Chili; Home Thoughts and Home Scenes; Off the Skelligs; Sarah de Berenger ; Bon John; The High Tide on the Coast of Lincolnshire.

Irving, Washington (1783-1859), American essayist and historian: The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent, (including Rip Van Winkle); Braccbridge Sail; Tales of a Traveller; History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus ; Life of Oliver Goldsmith; Lives of Mahomet and his Successors; History of JVew York.

James I., King of Scotland(1394^-1437), poet: Kingis Quair (King's Book); Christ's Kirh on the Green ; Peebles to the Play ; Balade of Good Counsel (doubtful author­ship).

James, George P. R. (1801-1860), novelist, historian: Richelieu,

James, Hemy (1843-1916), American novelist: The Tragic Muse; What Maisie Knew; The Wings of the Bove;

~A Passionate Pilgrim; Transatlantic Sketches; Tales of Three Cities; The Bostonians; The Reverberator; A Small Boy and Others; Notes of a Son and Brother; Within the Rim.

James, William (184S-19I0), American philo­sopher : Principles of Psychology-; Talks to Teachers ; Pragmatism—A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinling; Tlie Varieties of Religioiis Experience.

Jameson, Mrs Anna (1794-1800), critic: Cliaracteristics of Sliakespeare's Heroines,

JeSeries, Richard (1848-1887), prose writer: The Gamekeeper at HoniG ; Wild Life in a Southern County ; Wood Magic ; Bevis ; The Story of my Heart.

Jeffrey, Francis (1773-1850), critic: Contri­butions to Edinburgh Review,

Johnson, Samuel (1709-1784), poet, drama­tist, novelist, essayist, lexicographer: London; The Vanity of Human Wishes ; Irene; Rasselas; Journey to the Hebrides; Lives of the Poets; Bictionary of the Eng­lish Languarje ; Life of Savage,

Jonson, Ben (1673-1037), poet and drama­tist : Every Man in his Humour; Vol-pone; Epicene; The Alchemist; Bartholomew Fair ; Sejanus ; Catiline; The Maserue of Queens; Oberon; The Sad Shepherd ; Epigrams ; The Forest; Underwoods; Every Man out of his Humour ; Cynthia's Revels ; The Poet­aster ; The Bevil is an Ass; The Staple

Junius" 272 Longrfellow of IiCits; The Kern Inn; Discot-eries; Eastward Bo! (in collaboration with Chapman and Marston).

"Junius"*. "aomdeguerre" o£the-BTiter of a series of political letters which appeared in the Public Advertiser, 1769-1772.

K Keats, John (1795-1821), poet; Ewdymim ;

Hufction; The Eve of St Agnes; Isa­bella; Lamia. Shorter poems: To a Mghtingale; On a Grecian Vm; To AvLlunai; On First looking into Chaf-man^s Uonier; When 1 have fears that I may cease to he; To One who has been Lonfj in City pent; Bright Star! vouUl I teere steadfast as thou art; Sleep and Heaniij ; Lines on the Mermaid Tavern ; La Belle Dame sans Merci; In a Drear Alighted December; The Eve of St Mark,

Keble, John (1792-1866), poet and prose wTiter: Lyra Innocentiuni; The Chris­tian Tear,

Kinglake, Alexander William (1809-1801), prose %\'riter and historian: Eothen; History of the "War in the Crimea.

Kingaley, Charles (1819-1876), poet and novelist: Sands of Dee; The Saint's Tragedy; Andromeda; Olauais; The Water Babies; Yeast; Alton Locke; Bypalia; Westward Bo!; Tico Years Ago; Bereward the Wake.

Kingsley, Henry (1830-1876), novelist: Geoffrey Uamlyn; Kaverashoe; The Billyars and the Burtons,

Kipling, RndyarS (born 1865), poet and prose ^vriter: Barrack - Room Ballads; jungle Book; Songs from Books; The Barbour Witch; Fringes of the Fleet; Sea. Warfare; A Diversity of Creatures ; Letters of Travel.

Knighton, Henry (d. ISCG): Chronicle on Edward n x

3Knowles, James Sheridan (1784-1862): dramatist: William Tell; The Bnneh-back,

Knox, Jolin (1505 ?-1572), Scottish reformer and prose ^Titer: Trumpet Blast against the Monstrous Regiment of Women; History of the Reformation in Scotland,

Kyd, Hiomas (1668-1695), dramatist: The Spanish Tragedy,

tiunb, Charles (177&-18S4), essayist: The Old Familiar Faces; Rosamund Gray; John Woodvill; Tales from Shakespeare (in collaboration with his sister, Mary Lamb); Specimens of the Elizabethan Dramatists of ttie Ageot Shakespeare, with Short CMtical Notes; Essays of EUa,

LanJon, Leiitia EUzabetti (180;-1838), poet­ess : Verses,

Lsnaoi, Walter Savage (1776-186i), poet and prose writer: Oebir; Chrysaor; IdylUa Beroica; Hellenics; RoseAylmer; Count Julian; Fra liiipert; The Siege of Ancona; Imaginary Conversations; Examination of Shakespeare; Derides arid Aspasia; Pentemercin.

lan&ano (1009-1089), prose writer : Treatise of the Eucharist, •

Lang, Andrew (184't-1912), proFC writer: Joan of Arc, Writer on ScoUish history, Greek myths, aothropolo^', iairr tales.

Langland, William asSO?-l<tOO?), poet: Vision of Piers Flmcman,

Latmiei, Hugh (1485-155S), English re­former: Sermons.

Law, William (1086-1761), prose writer: The Serious Call to a Devout and Ilnly Life; Letters to the Bishop of Bangor; Christian Perfeclioru

Lasamon (11.1200), poet: Tr.uislatcU Waco's Brut into English.

I^cky, William Edward Hartpole (1838-1903), historian: The Rise and Progress of Uationalism in Europe; Bistcry of European Morals from Avgiistus to CJtarle-7nagne; Democracy and Liberty j History of England in the Eighteenth Century.

Lee, Nathaniel (1663 ?-1092), dramatist: The Rival Queens; Mithridatcs, Collaborated with Dryden in (Edipus and The Duke of Guise,

Lever, Charles James (1806-1872), novplLst: The Adventtires of Barry Larrei/ver; Charles O'Malley; Tom Burke of Ovrs,

Lewes, George Henry (1817-1878), piose writer: Biographical History of Piiil-Qsophy ; Life of Goethe.

Lewis, Matthew Gregory (1773-1818), novel­ist : The Monk.

Lindsay, Lady Anne (1760-1825), pocttM: • Auld Robin Gray,

Lingaid, John (1771-1851), historian: A Bistory of England.

Locke, John (1032-1704), essayist and pliD-osopher: Essay on Toleration-; FMOV on (he Buman Understanding; Thoughts concerning Education,

Lockhatt,John Gibson (1794^-1854), novelkt and biographer: Peter's letters to his Kinsfolk; Life of Bums; Life of Scott.

Lodge, Thomas (1568 ?-1626), poet and romance writer: Rosdtynde; Euphues* Golden Legacy; A Defence of Stage Plays; An Alarum against Usurers ; Plnllis ; A Looking-glass for London and England (in conjanotion with Robert Greene); A Fig for Momus.

London, Jack (1876-1910), ^Vmerican novel­ist : T/ie Song of the Wolf; I'he Callof the Wild; Moon Face; Martin Eden; South Sfa Tales; Before Adam; The Little Lady of the Big Bouse.

Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth (1807-18821, American poet: Hyperion; Voices of the

Lovelace 2V3 Marvell ,KigM; SaUatls and Other Poems; Poems on Slacay; The Spanish Stutlcnt; Tile

•pelfnj of Bruges; EmnijeUnc; The Goldm Legend; Sontr of Hiawatha; Courtship of Miles Standish ; Tales of a Wayside Inn; lieiD Sngland Tragedies; The Divine Tragedy; Three Hooks of Song; After­math ; The Hanging of the Crane; The Magic of Pandora; The Skeleton in Armonr.

LovSlace, Richard (1G18-1C58), poet: Lucasta; On going to the Wars; To Althcafrom Prison.

Lowell, James Eussell (1810-1891), American poet and essajdst: Poems; The Biglow Papers; Fireside Travels; My Study Windows ; Among my Books; A Moose-head Journal; Political Essays; The Old English Dramatists; Sast Poems.

liUdlow, Edmund (1617-1002), republican and regicide: Memoirs.

Lyall 'Sil Alfred (1836-1911): Indian poems. Lydgate, John (1370?-1451 ?), poet: The

Storie of Thebes ; The Troye Book ; The Palls of Princes; London Lickpenny.

Lyell, Sir Charles (1797-1875), geologist and prose writer: The Principles of Geology; TJie'AntignitJ/ of Man.

Lyly, John (155S?-100G), poet: Euphues; Campaspe; SaphoandPhaon; Endimion; Galathea; Midas; Mother Bombie; The Woman in the Moon; Love's Metamor­phosis.

Lyndesay, Sir David (1490-1555), poet: The Dreme; The Complaint of the Papyngo; The Satire of the Three Estates; The His­toric of Squire Meldrum ; The Monarchic.

Lytton, Edward Bulwer (1803-1873), novel­ist : The Lady of Lyons; Richelieu; Money; Pclham; Eugene Aram; The Last Bays of Pompeii; Rienzi; The Last of the.,Barms; Harold; The Caxtons; My Novel; Kenelm Chillingly; Ernest Maltravers; Alice; Zanoni; The Coming Race, ,

M Maoaulay, Thomas Babinglon, Lord (1800-

1859), poet, historian, and essayist: Lays of Ancieixt Rome; History of England; Essays, i

M'Carthy, 'Jnstin (1830-1912), noTclist and historian : A History of our Own Times.

M'CuUoch,. John Ramsay (1789-1804), economist: Principles of Political Economy.

MaeDonald, George (1834-1906), poet and nOTelist: Bavid Elginbrod; Adela Cath-cart; Robert Falconer; Outla Percha Willie; ',Malcolm; The Wise Woman; The Marquis of Lossie.

Mackenzie, Compton (born 1S83), novelist: Sinister Street,

Hackenzie, Henry (1746-1831), essayist and novelist: •'. The Man of Feeling.

Mackintosh, Sir James (1703-1832), prose ^Titer: Vindlciw Oallicm.

"Macleod, Fiona" (William Sharp, 1850-ia05), poet and critic: Tlie Mountain Lovers ; The Sin JSater.

Maephereon, James (1730?-179C), poet: I'ingal and Temora (claimed to be trans­lations oJ Gaelic poems of Ossian).

Maitland, Frederick William (lSSO-1900), historian: Roman Canon Law in the Church of England; Domesday Book and Beyond; A Constitutional History of England.

Malmesbury, William of (d. 1142), clttouiclcr: Be gestis regum Anglorum, and Historia Novella. Also a history ol Glastonbury, and lives ot the Saints.

Malory, Sir Thomas (11. 1470), writer o£ ro­mances : Morte d'Arthur.

Malthus, Thomas Eoliert (1706-1834), econ­omist : An Essay on Populalion; Obser­vations on the Effect of the Corn Laws ; An Inquiry into the A'atnre and Progress of Rent; Principles of Political Eccmmny; Definitions in Political Economy,

Mandeville, Bemaid de (1670-1733), prose wi'iter: Fable of the Bees.

Mandeville, "Sir John" (fl. 14th cent,): Tile Yoyaige and TravaiU, which treateth of the way to Hierusalem, and of tlie Mar-vayles of Inde, with Other Islands and Countries. Name of author almost cer­tainly assumed. Originally written in French.

Mannyng, Eoliert, of Brunne (11.1288-1338): Metrical Chronicle of England, translated from Prench; Handlynge of Sinnc (a series of stories from the Prencli).

Mansel, Henry Longueville (1820-1871), metaphysician: Philosophy of the Con­ditioned.

Map, or Mapes, Walter (fl. 1200), poet and prose writer: Be Nugis Gurialium (attributed Latin original of Lancelot du Lac).

Marlowe, Christopher (1604-1593), poet: Tamburlainc ; Doctor Faustus ; The Jew of Malta; Edward II.; Hero and Leander (completed by Chapmaji).

Marprelate, Martin (pseudonym of unknown author, latter half of iOth centm-y): Epistle to the Terrible Priest of the Con­vocation House; Hay any Work for the Cooper 1 (Eeply to Bishop Cooper).

Marryat, Frederick (1793-1848), novelist: Frank Mildmay; Peter Simple; Mr Midshipman Easy; Snarley-yow; Poor Jack; Masterman Ready; The Children of the New Forest; Valerie.

Maiston, John (1575 ?-lC34), dramatist and satirist: The Scourge of Yillany; Antonio and Mellida; The Malcontent; Collaborated with Jonson and Chapman in Eastward Ho !

Marvell, Andrew (1621-1078), poet: The Rehearsal Transposed; Horatian Ode on the Retitrii of Cromwell from Ireland;

Maseiield 274 Motley Thouglds in a Garden; A Drop of Dew ; The Bermudas; Satires.

MasefieW, John (born 1875), poet, novelist, and dramatist: SaU Water Ballads; On the Spanish Main; The Everlasting Mercy; The Widow in the Bye Street; Dauber; The Daffodil Fields. ]S"OTels: Cwptain Margaret; Multitude and Soli­tude. Play : The Tragedy of Nan.

Hassinger, Philip (1583-1640), dramatist: The Virgin Martyr (with Dekker); The Unnatural Combat; The DuJce of Milan; TJic Bondman; The lienegade; The Roman Ador ; The Great Duke of Florence ; A New Way to Fay Old Debts; The City Madam. '

Maturin, Charles Robert (1783-1824), novelist: Melmoththe Wande?er.

Maurice, Frederick Demson (1805-1872), prose writer: TJie Kingdom of Christ; Prophets and Kings; The Claims of the Bible and of Sdence.

Meredith, George (1838--1909), poet and novelist: Modern Love; Poems and Lyrics of the Joy of Earth; Ballads and Poems of Tragic Life; A Reading of Earth; The Shaving of Sfiagpat; Farina; The Ordeal of Richard Feverel; Evan Uarrington; Sandra Belloni; Vittoria; Rhodfi Flembig; The Adventures of Harry Richmond; Beaitchamp's Career; The Egoist; The Tragic Comedians; Diana of tlie Grossways; One of our Conc^ierors; Lord Ormont and Bis Aminta; The Amazing Marriage.

Merea, Francis (1563-1647), essayist: Palladis Tamia.

Meynell, Alice Christiana (1850-1932), poet: Preludes; Poems; Later Poems; The Rhythm of Life ; The Colour of Life and Other Essays; The Children.

Miefcle, William Julius (1735-1788), poet: There's nae Luck ahoot the Hoose; Cumnor Sail.

Middleton, Conyers (1683-1750), prose writer: Infe of Cicero.

Middleton, Thomas (1570-1627), dramatist: The Changeling; The Spanish Gipsy; Women Beware Women; A Ikick to Catch the Old One; A Mad World, my Masters; A Game of Glicss; The Mayor of Quin-borough ; The Witch.

Mill. James (1773-1836), pliilosopher and historian: History of India; Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human Mind.

Mill, John Stuart (1806-1873), philosopher and economist: System of Logic; Political Economy ; On Liberty; Considerations on Representative Government; Utilitarianism; Auguste Comte and Positivism; Examina­tion of Sir William Hamilton's Philosophy; The Subjection of Women.

Miller, Hugh (1802-183G), prose writer and geologist: My Schools and Scliool-masters; The Old Red Sandstone; Footprints of the Creator; The Testimony of the Rocks,

Milmau, Henry Hait (1791-18CS), historian: History of the Jews; History of Latin Christianity.

Milne, A. A. (born 1882), dramatist and novelist: The Dover Road; The Truth about Blayds; Success.

Milton, John (1608-1674), poet: Ilymn on the Nativity; L'Allegro; II Penseroso; Arcades; Comus ; Lycidas ; Sonnets; Areopagitica; Tractate on Education; Pamphlets on Church Government; Pam­phlets on Divorce; EikonoMastis; Defensio pro Populo Anglicano; Defensio Secunda; Paradise Lost; Paradise Regained; Samson Agonistes.

Minot, Lawrence (1300 ?~1352 ?), poet: Poems on Battles of ITalidou Hill, La Hogue, Calais, Seville's Cross, Winchelsea, and Guisnes.

Mitford, Mary Russell (1787-1855), poet and prose writer: Our Village; Recollections of a Literarij Life.

Monmouth, GeoSrey of (1100?-1154) : His-toria R^gum Britannics—foundation of Arthiurian legend.

Montagu, Lafly Mary Wortley (1690-1762): Letters.

Moore, George (boni 1857), novelist: The Brook Kerith; Ave; Salve; Tale; Abdlard and H&Joise.

Moore, John(1729 or 1730-1802), novelist: Zeluco.

Moore, Thomas (1779-1852), poet and proso writer: Odes of Anacreon; Irish Melodies; Lalla liookh; The Fudge Family in Paris ; Life of R. B. Sheridan ; Life of Byron; Life of Lord Edward Fitzgerald.

More, Sir Thomas (1478-1535), scholar and prose writer): Utopia; History of Richard III.

Morley, Henry (1822-1894), poet aud critic: Sunrise in Italy and other Poems; Memoirs of Bartholomew Fair; English Writers ; English Literature.

Morley of Blackburn, John Morley, Viscount (1838-1923), biographer and essayist: Edmund Burke; Voltaire;' Ro7isscau; Diderot and the Encyclopcedists; Life of Richard Cohden; Walpole; Studies in Literature ; MachiavcUi; Life of William Ewart Gladsto7ie.

Morris, William (1834-1S9G), poet, prose writer, and craftsman ; The Defence of Guinevere; The Earthly Paradise; The Life and Death of Jason; Sigurd the VolsUJig; Love is enough; Chants for Socialists; The House of the Wolfmgs; News from NowJwre; The Well at the World's End ; The Story of the Sundering Flood.

Motherwell, William (1797-1835), poet: Jeanie Morrison; Poans^ Narrative and Jjyrical.

Motley, John Lothrop (1811-1877), hi&torian: The Rise of the Dutch Ri-public.

Nairiie 275 Philips

N Haime, Lady (1766-1845), poet: The Land

o'the Leal; Caller Ilerrtn'. Napier, Sir William (1785-1860), soldier and

liistorian: RUtarfj of the Paiimular War; Conquest of iScindc.

Naslj, Tliomag (1567-1001), noveiiat aud prose satirist: Jack Wilton or the Un­fortunate Traveller; Idlers Pe?imlesse, Ms tfiippUcation to the Devil; Christ's Tears over Jerusalem; Have with You to Saffron Walden; Lenten Stuff; Will Summer^s Last Will and Testament; Dido (partly by Marlowe).

Newbolt, Sir Henry (born 186S), poet and critic: Poems New and Old; Drake's Drum and Other Sea Songs; Aladore; The Book of the Hafpu Warrior ; A New Study of English Poetry ; St George's Day and Other Poems.

Newburgh, William oE (d. 1200), ohronicle. Newman, John Henry (1801-1890), poot aud

essayist: ilany of the poems in Lyra Apostolica; Tracts for the Times; Jissay on' Miracles; Development of Christian Doctrine; Loss and Gain; University Sketdies; ColUsta j Apolotjia, 'pro Tito Sua; The Dream of Gerontius; The Grammar of Assent; hymn, Lead^ kindly Light.

Newton, Sir Isaac (1G42-1727), scientist: Frindpia.

" North, Christopher " : see Wilson, John. North, Sir Thomas (1535 ?-10017) : Trans­

lation of Plutarch. Noyes, Alfred (born 1880), poet: The Loom

of-Years; Forty Singing Seamen; Drake; The Sea in English Poetry; The Wine Press; A Salute from the Fleet; Rada; Walking Sliadows ; The Elfin Artist,

Occleve, Thomas (fl. 15lh cent.), prose writer: The Gouveniail of Princes ; La Male Rigle de Ttmmas Occleve.

Oldham, John (1053-1683), poot: Satires on the Jesuits,

OUphant, Mrs Margaret (1828-18D7), novelist: Chronicles of Carlingford; House of Blackwood.

Orm : a monk (fl. 1200): Ormtdum : para­phrases of the Gospels into verse.

O'Shaughnessy, Arthur (1814-1881), poet: An Epic of Women; Lays of France; Songs of a Worker ; Music and Moonlight.

Ossian (Oasin or Oisin), legendary Irish 3rd century hero of Celtic literature: sec James Maopherson.

Otway, Thomas (1051 or 1(162-1686), drama­tist and poet: Alcibiadcs; Don Carlos; The Orphan; Caius Uarius; Venice Pre-

" Ouida " (Louise de la Ramie, 1S40 ?-1908), novelist: Strathmore ; Under Two Flags ; Two Little Wooden Shoes; Moths;

Puck. Overbury, Su; Thomas (1581-1613), prose

WTiter: Sir Thomas Overbury his Observa­tions in his Travailes.

Paine, Thomas (1737-1809), prose writer: The Bights of Man ; The Age of Reason.

Paley, William (1743-1805), prose writer: Evidences of Christianity ; Eorm Paulinw; Natural Theology.

Palgrave, Francis Turner (1824 -1897), critic and editor of The Golden Treasury of English Songs and Lyrics.

Paris, Matthew (d. 1269) : Chronica Majora. Park, Mungo (1771-1806), traveller: Travels

in the Interior of Africa. Parker, Sir Gilbert (born 1862), novelist:

Pierre and his People; The Seats of the Mighty; The Battle of the Strong; Northern Lights.

Paruell, Thomas (1679-1718), poet: Night Piece on Death ; Hymn to Contentment; The Hermit.

Pater, Walter (1839-1894), essayist and critic: Studies in the History of the Renaissance ; Marius the Epicurean; Imaginary Por­traits ; Appreciations; Plato and Pla-tonism; Greek Studies; Gaston de Latour (unfinished),

Patmore, Coventry (1823-1890), poet: The Angel in the House ; The Unknown Eros.

Pattison, Mark (1813-1884), scholar and prose writer : Casaubon; Milton; Auto­biography.

Paulding, James Kirke 0779-1800), American miscellaneous WTiter: The Diverting History of John Bull cmd Brother Jonathan; Tlie Lay of the Scottish Fiddle (parody); A Sketch of Old England by a New England Man; Koningsmarke, the Long Finne (including Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers) ; The Merry Tales of the Three Wise Mat of Gotham ; A Life of Wash­ington ; The Book of St Nicholas.

Payn, James (1830-1898), novelist: Lost Sir Massingberd ; By Proxy.

Peacock, Thomas Love (1785-1866), novelist: Headlong Hall; Mclincourt; NigMmare Abbey; Maid Marian; The Misfortunes of Elphin ; Crotchet Castle; Gryll Grange.

Pcele,George(1658?-1597?),dramatist: The Arraignment of Paris ; Edicard 1.; The Old Wives' Tale; David and Bcthsabe; Bailie of Alcazar.

Fepys, Samuel (1033-1703) : Diary. Petrie, Sir William Matthew Hinders (born

1853), Egyptologist: History of Egypt. PhiUps, Ambrose (1675 ?-1749), poet and

Phillips 276 Rossetti The Vistrr^t dramatist: Pastorals

Mother, Phillips, Stephen (1868-1916), poet: Puolo

and Francesco.;, UcTOd; Ulysses. Pinero, Sii Arthur Wing (bom 1866), dramas

t ist : The Second Mrs Tanqucran; The Frojligate; Lady Bountiful; The Times; The Magistrate; The Hobby Horse; The Cabinet Minister; Sicect Lavender ; The

Schoolmistress; The Weaker Sex; The Amazons ; The Notorious Mrs Ehhsmith; The Benefit oftlie Doubt; Sandy Sick.

Poe, lagar Allan (ISOO-1840), American poet and story WTiter: Tamerlane and Other Poems; Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque; The Bavcn and Other Poems; Tales; Eureka.

Poore, Richard, Bishop of Salisbury: said to have written, 1237, The Ancren Riwle (Hule at Nuns), but this very uncertain.

Pope, Alexander (1088-174i), poet: Pas­torals ; Essay on Criticism; The Rafe of tJie Lock ; Homer ; Eloisa to Abelard ; Elegy on an Unfortunate Lady; The Sunciad; Essay on Man; Of the Know-ledge and Characters of Men; Of the Clmr-acters of Women ; Of the Use of Riches ; On Collcctiruj Antiquities; Epistle to Arbuthnot; betters ; Treatise on Bathos.

Praed, Winthrop Mackworth (1802-183S), poet: The Vicar; Arminius; My Pretty Josephine; The Red Fisherman; The Season; The Letter of Advice; l i Letter from Tcignmouth.

Prescott, William HicMing (1790-1869), historian: Ferditmnd and Isabella; Con­quest of Mexico; Conquest of Peru.

Price, Richard (1723-1791), prose writer: On the Love of Country.

Priestley, Joseph (1733-180-1), oliemlst and political writer: Letters to Burke.

Prior, Matthew 0664^1721), poet: Alma; Solomon; Henry and Emma; Her English Padlock; Amurer to Chloe Jealous; A Better Answer; Child of Quality.

Proctor, Bryan Waller ("Barry Cornwall," 1787-187-1), poet: English Songs.

Purchas, Samuel (1673 ?-1620), prose writer: Purchas, His Filgrimes.

Pntfenham, George (1530?-1590): The Art of English Poesie (attributed, but perhaps by his brother Eichard).

Q, Quarles, Francis (1692-164-1), poet: Em­

blems Sivine and Moral, Quiller-Couch, Sir Arthur Thomas (born

T 803), poet and noTcIist: Scad Man's Rock ; Troy Town ; The Sjilendid Spur ; The Blue I'avilioTis ; The Ship of Stars ; Hetty Wesley; The Adventures of Harry Revel; Green Bays ; Poems and Ballads.

Quincey, Thomas de: see under D.

R Radcliffe, Mrs Ana C17C4.-lS!>,-i), novelisL:

The Castle of Athlin and Ihinbajfue; A Sicilian Romance; The Honnnee of the Forest; The Mysteries of Udalpko; The Italian.

Raleigh, Sir Walter (1553?-J6iS), poel find prose •writer: Lyrics; JK<!c-h-ery of the Empire of Guiana; A Hi. lory of, the World,

Ramsay. Allan (1686-1758), poefc: The Evergreen; The Tav- Tabic Miscdhm y; The Ge7itle Shcpficrd.

Randolph, Thomas 0-005-1635), aramati-it: The Mvses^ Looking Glass.

Ray, John (1G27-1705), naturfili^f and proso writer: The Wisdom of God in the Creation,

Reade, Charles a814-lS84), novelist: Peg Wojftngtoji; Christie Johnstone; It is Never too Lat^ to Moid; The Cloister and the Bfarth; Hard Cash; Grifith Gaunt; Put Yourself in his Place.

Reeve, Clara (1729-1807), novelist: The Old English Baron.

Reid, Thomas (1710-1796), philosoplier: Principles of Commonscnsc.

Reynold^ Sir Joshua (3723-179:'), artist and prose -writer: Discourses (to the Boyal Academy).

Ricardo, David (1772-1823), economist: The high Price of Bullion a Proof of the Depreciation of Bank Nolca; Essay on the Influence of a Low Price of Com on the Profits of Stock; ProposaU for an Econ­omical and Secure Currency • Principles of Political Econo7ny and Taxation.

Rice, James (181'i-lS82), novoli:;!;: in col­laboration-with Sir Walter l^fsant (183G-1901), wrote Ready Honey Mtrtiboy ; Tlie Golden Butterfly; ct-c.

Richardson, Samnel (16S9-170J), novelist: Pamela; Clarissa Rarlowc; ,^iT Charles Grandison.

Rohertson, William (1721-17U3i, historian: History of Scotland; IIis:cry of the Emperor Charles V.; Ilislorj/ of America.

Robins, Elizabeth (" C. E. Raimond," bora 1865), American novelist: 21 e Magnetic North; Camilla.

Rochester, Earl o£: RCC Wihuot. Rogers, Samuel (1703-1855), poet; The

Pleasures of Memory; JacqutUne; Itahi Rolle, Richard (1200P-1349), poet: The

Pricke of Conscience. Roscoe, William (1753-1831), scholar and

Jiistorian: Life of Lorenzo de' Medici; Life of Leo X.

Roscommon, Earl of: see Dillon. Ross, Alexander (1G99-1781), pof fc: Uelenore. Rossetti, Christina Georgina (J 830-1891),

poetess: Goblin Marktt and vt/u-rPoems; The Prince's Progias and othv.r Poerrut; A Pageant and other Poems,

Rossetti, Dante Gabriel (1828-1882), artist

Rowe 277 Shelley and poet: The Blessed Samozcl; Love's Noclvm; The Slajf and Scrip; The Stream's Secret; The Smae of Life (sounets); Hose Mary; Sister Helen; J&my; The White Ship; The King's Tragedy; Ifante and his Circle.

Kowe, Nioholaa (lOT'l-lTlS), poet-laureate and dramatist: Tamerlane; Jane Shore; Lady Jane Greg; T'ke Despairirm ShepJtci'd.

Eowley, William (loS5 ?-ie.l2 ?), dramatist: A 'New Wonder; A Match at Midnight.

RnsMn, John (1S19-1D00), essayist and art critic: Modem Painters; The Sevm Lamps of Architecture; The StoTies of Venice; Elements of Drawing; The Political Economy of Art.

"Kntheifonl, Mark" (William Hale Whiter 1831-1913), noTcIist: The Autobiography of, Mark Uutherford; MarTc Rutherford's Deliverance; The lievoUttion in Tanner's Lane ; Catherine Furze.

Eutherlord, Samuel(1000?-1001), divine: A Fhe Disputation agaimt Pretended Libertg of Conscience.

Eymer, Thomas (1041-1713), historian: Eoedera; Tragedies of the Last Age.

Saokville, Charles, Eail oi Dorset (1638-1700), poet: To all you ladies now on land; Phyllis, for Shame, and otlier lyrics.

Saiutsbury, George Edward Bateman(born 1S15), critic and miscellaneous -writer: Primer of Prench lAteralure; Drydeii; Short history of French Literature; History of Elizabethan Literature; Essays in English Literature; Essays on French Novelists ; History of MnetceiUh Century Literature; The Flourishing of Romance and the Rise of Allegory; Short History of English Literature; History of Criticism ; History of Prosody.

Sala, George Augustus (1828-1895), norclist and essayist: The Seven Sojts of Mammon ; The Two Prima Donnas; ^Villiam Hogarth; Paris herself again; Wat Tyler, M:P. (burlesque).

Salisliury, John of (1115-1180,) prose writer: PolycraXus; Metalogicus; Historia Ponti-ficalis ; Life of Peckct.

Scott, Sii Walter (1771-1832), poet and novelist: Poems—Tales of Wonder; The Eve of Si John; The Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border; The Lay of the Last Minstrel; Marmion; The Bady of the Lake; The Vision of Don Roderick; Rokehy; The Lord of the Isles ;^ The Bride of Triermain; Harold ihe Dauntless. Novels—Wavcrley ; Guy Mannering ; The Antiquary ; The Black Dwarf; Old Mortality; Rob Roy; The Heart of Midlothian; The Bride of - Lammermoor ; The Legend of Montrose; Ivanhoe; The

Monqstery; The Abbot; Kmilworth; The Pirate; The Fortunes of Nigel; Peveril of the Peak; (Itienlin Durward ; SI Ronan's Well; RedgauntUt; The Betrotlied; The Talisman; Woodstock; The Fair Maid of Perth ; Anne of Oder-stein; Count Robert of Paris; Castle Dangerous. • History: Tales of a Grand­father; Life of Napoleon,

Sedley, Sir Charles (1039?-1701), poet and dramatist: The Mulberry Tree (play); Love still has something of the sea; Phillis is my only joy; The Knotting Song (poems).

Seeley, Sir John Robert (183!l-lg93), his­torian and eissayist: Ecce Homo; Natural Religion; The Expansion of Englaiui; The Growth of British Policy.

SeMen, John (1584-1654), prose writer: Table Talk.

Setrioe, Eobetfc W. (bom 1870), poet and proso writer: Songs of a Sourdough; Rhymes of a Rolling Stone ; Rhymes of a Red Cross Man; The Trail of '98; The Pretender.

Shadwell, Thomas (1640 or 1642-1092), dramatist: The Sullen Lovers; Royal Shepherdess Epsom Wells.

Shaitesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, Srd Earl o! (1671-1713), philosopher: Charac­teristics of Men^ Matters, Opinions, Times.

Shakespeare, William (1664-1010), poet and dramatist: Comedies—Comedy of Errors; Taming of the Shrew; Love's I^abour's Lost; Midsummer Night's Dream; Two Gentlemen of Verona; Mercltantof Venice; Much Ado about Nothing; Merry Wives of Windsor; As You Like It; Ttcelflh Night; All's Well that Ends Well; Measure for Measure; Pericles; Gym-beline; Winter's Tale; The Tempest; Two Noble Kinsmen. Historical plays— Henry VI., 2nd and Srd parts; Henry VI., 1st part; Richard III.; King John; Richard II.; KCTiry IF. , 1st part; Henry IV., 2nd part; Henry V.; Henry VIII. Tragedies—Titus Andronicus; Romeo and Juliet; Julius Caesar; Hamlet; Troilus and Cressida; Othello; Macbeth; King Lear; Antony and Cleopatra; Coriolamis; Timoii of Athens. Poems— Venus and Adonis; The Rape of Lucrece; Passionate Pilgrim; Tlie Phoenix mid the Turtle; Sonnets.

Shaw, George Bernard (born 18B6), critic and dramatist: John Bull's Other Island; The Doctor's Dilemma; Major Barbara; Man arui Superman; Tou Never Can Tell; Fanny's First Play; Overruled; Androdes and ihe Litn; Pygmalion; Back to Methuselah; ,Saint Joan.

Shelley, Percy Bysshe (1792-1822), poet: Queen Mab; Alastor; The Revolt of Islam; Prometheus Unbound; The Cenci; Ode on the West Wind ; To a Sky­lark; The Cloud; Stanzas urittcn in Dejection near Naples; Lines written among the Euganean Hills.

Shenstoue 278 Stoddard Shenstone, William (1714-1703), poet: The

Paslaral Ballad; The Dying Kid; The Schoolmistress.

Sheiiaan, Riohaia Eiinsley (1751-1816), dramatist: The Bkals; The Duenna; A Trip to Scarborough; The School Jor Scandal; Tlie Critic ; Fizarro.

Shirley, James (1690-1G66), poet and dramatist: Loi-e Tricks ; The Wittif Fair One; The Traitor; Hyde Park; The Lady of Pleasure; The Youna Admiral; The Cardinal; The Triumph of Peace; The Contention of Ajax and Ulijsses^ con­taining the lyric, "The Glories of our Blood and State."

Shoitliouse, John Heniy (1834 -1803), nove­list : John Jnglesant.

Siagwiok, Henry (1S38-1900), prose writer: Political £lcanomy; Ethics,

Sidney, Sir Philip (15S4-1586), poet and prose writer: Arcadia; Apologie for Poetrie; Astrophel and Stella.

Skeat, Walter William (1835-1912), scholar and philologist: Elynwlogical Dictianar^j.

Skelton, John (1460 ?-1529), poet: Magnifi-cence, a morality play; Colin Clout; Why Come ye 'not to Court?

Skinner, John (1731-1807), poet: Tiilloch-gorum; The Eicie -wV the Crookit Bom.

Smatt, Cbristopliet (1722-1771), poet: Song to David; Hymns and Metrical Versions of the Psalms o£ David.

Smiles, Samuel (1812-1904), prose writer: lAtesoftheBngineers; Self-Help; Thrift.

Smith, Adam (1738-1790), economist: The Theory of Moral Sentiments; The WeaUk of Nations.

Smith, Alexander (1S30-18C7), poet and essayist: A Life Drama; Dreamthorpe.

Smith, Horace (1770-1849), poet and novelist: Rejected Addresses (parody), written in collaboration with brother James. Noyels—Brambletye House^ Tor Bill, etc

Smith, Sydney (1771-1845), prose writer: Letters of Peter Plymlcy.

Smollett, ToMa3Geoige(1721-1771),iiOYe!ist: Roderick Random; Peregrine Pickle; Fer­dinand, Count Fathom; Sir Lanceht Qreaves; Bumphrey Clinker; Translation oi Don Quixote; A Bistory of England.

Bomerville, William (1676-1742), poet: The Chase,

Southeme, Thomas (1660-1746), dramatist: The Fatal Jilarriage; OronooXv.

Soufhey, Eobert (1774-1843), poet and prose writer: Wat Tyler ; The Fall of Robe­spierre; Joan of Arc; Thalaia; Modoc; The Curse of Kehama; Don Roderick; Life of Nelson; Lifeof Wesley; History of Brazil,

Southwell, Roliert (1561 ?-1596), poet: St Peter*s Complaint.

Spencer, Herbert (1820-1803), philosopher: First Principles; Principles of Biology; Principles of Psychology; Principles of Sociology ; Data of Ethics,

Spenser, Eamima (1552 !-1509), poet and prose writer: Shevheardes Calendar; Astrophclj Fairie Queene; Complaints; The Ruines of Time ; The Teares of the Muses ; Virgil's Gnat; Mother Bvbberd's Tats; Muiopotmos; Daphnaida; Amor-cite ; Epidialamium; Colin Clout's Come Borne Again; Bymns; Prolhalamium; View of the Present Slate of Ireland.

Spiat, Thomas (1036-1713), prose v?riter; Bistory.of the Royal Society.

Stanhope, Philip Henry Stanhope, 5th Earl (1808-1876), historian: Tim Court of Spain under Charles II.; A Life of the Great Condi; Memoirs of Sir Robert Peel; A Life of William Pitt.

Stanley, Arthur Penrhyn (1815-1881), historian:, The Bistory of the Jewish Church,

Steele, Sir Richard (1672-1729), essayist and dramatist: The Christian Beta; Grief 4 la Mode; The Lying Lover; The Teridcr Busband; The Conscious Lovers. Brought out The Taller, ContTibuled 236 papers to The Spectator.

Stephen, Sir Leslie (1833-1904), critio and biographer: Monograplis on Swift and .Johnson. Hours in a Library; English Thought in the Eighteenth Century; An Agnostic's Apology. Editor of Dictionary of National Biography.

Sterne, Lawrence (1713-17GS), novelist; Tristram Shandy; A Sejitimeiital Journey through France and Italy.

Stevenson, Robert Loiiia (1860-1894), poet, novelist and essayist: Poems—A Child's Garden.of Verses; Undencoods; Ballads, Novels—-Treasure Island; Prince Otto; Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde; Kidnapped; Master of Ballantrae; The ^Vrecker; Catrima; Weir of Hermislon (uniinished); St. Ives (uniinistied). Essays, Sketches, etc.—An Inland Voyage; Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes; Yirginibus Puerisque; Familiar Studies of Men and Books; New Arabian Nights; The Sil­verado Squatters / Pulvis et Urytbra ,* Island Nig/tts' Entertainments; Vailima Letters

' (posthumous). In collaboration with his step-son, Mr

Lloyd Osboume: The Wrong Boz ; The Wrecker; The Ebb-Tide.

Stewart, Dugald (1763-1828), pliilosopher; Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind ; Philosophical Essays; Lectures on Political Economy,

Still,John(1543-160S),dramatist: Supposed author of Gammer Gurlon's Needle.

St John, Henry, Viscount Bolingbtoke (1G7B-1751), prose writer: Letter to Sir W. Windham ; Letters on the Stvdi/ of Bistory ; The Idea of a Patriot King,

Stoddard, Richard Henry (1826-1903), American poet: Footprints ; Poems; Adventures in Fairyland; Songs of Sum­mer; The King's Bell; Abraham Lincoln; The JJion's Cub, mth Ollter fersi,

Story 279 ' Twain' story, William Wetmore (1819-1896), ' American prose writer: A Roman '; Lamjer in Jerusalem,; A Jeidsh Rabii

in name; The Tragedy of Nero; Fimn-I mctta ; Conversations in a Studio.

Slow, John (1525-1 COS), antiquary: Suney , ' oj Zondo7l; Chronicle. ' Stowe, Harriet Elizabeth Beecher (1811 ?-

,1890), American novelkb: Vnde Tom's •fiabin; Bred: A Tale of the Dismal •Swamp; The Minister's Wooing.

Stubbs, William (1826-1901), historian: tConstilxUional History of England.

Suckling, Sir John (1G09-1G42), poet: •A Ballad upon a Wedding; Fragmenta Aurea (poems).

Surrey, Henry Howard, Eail o£ (1517 ?-l5.i7), poet: Sonnets to QeraUine ; Mneld. 11. and IT. translated into blank verse.

Swift, Jonathan (1G67-1745), satirical and miscellaneous writer: The Tale of a Tub; The Battle of the Books; An Argu­ment against Abolishing Christianity; Journal to Stella; Brapier Letters; Gulliver's Travels; A Modest Proposal. Poems—Oil «Ac Death of Br Swift; Cadenus and Vanessa, Edited The Examiner.

Swinburne, Algernon Charles (1837-1909), poet and prose wTiter: Atalanla in Caly-dm; Erechlhetis; Hymn to Proserpine; Itylus; A Song in Time of Order; A Song in Time of Revolution; In Memory of W. S. Landor ; The Garden of Proser­pine ; Dolores; Laus Veneris; Songs of Pour Seasons; Songs before Sunrise; Tristram of Lyonnesse; Balen; Both-well. Translations from Villon. Prose studies on Blake, Chapman, Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, Victor Hugo. Love's Cross Currents (fiction).

Symonds, John Addington (1810-1893), critic: The Renaissance in Italy.

Synge, John Millbgton (1871-1909), poet and dramatist; In the Shadow of the Olen; Riders to the Sea; The Tinker's Wedding; The, Well of the Saints ; The Playboy of the Western World; Deirdre of the Sorrows.

Tannahill, Robert (1774-1810), poet: The Braes of Balquhiddcr; Oloomy Winter's Noo, Aiea'; The Bonnie Woods o' Oraigic-lea. !•

Tate, Nahum (1052-1715), poet-laureate: Poems—Memorials of the Learned; Jilegies. PlajB—Brutus of Alba; The Loyal General.

Taylor,' Bayard (1825-1878), American poet: Ximena, or the Battle of Sierra Morerm, and Other Poems ; El Dorado, or Adventures in the Pflth of Empire ; A Journey to Central Africa ; The Lands of the Saracen.

Taylor,-' Jeremy (161.1-1067), prose writer: The Liberty of Prophesying ; Holy Living ; Holy I Dying; Twenty- Eight Sermons.

Temple, Sir William (1628-1699), miscel­laneous writer: Memoirs; Essays.

Tennant, William (17S(!-1S'18), poet: jlnster Fair.

Tennyson, Alfred, Lord (1809-1893), poet: Poems by 'Pico BroUiers; Tfie Princess; Maud; Oenone; Ulysses; Tithoims; Lucretius; The Idylls of the King ; Enoch Arden; Aylmcr's Field; Dora; The Sorlliern Farmer ; In Memoriam. Well-known shorter poems, such as Crossing the Bar ; Break, break, break.

Thackeray, William Makepeace (1811-1803), novelist: Barry Lyndon; Vanity Fair; Pendennis; Henry Esmond; The Ifeie-comes; The Virginians; Tlie Yelloic-plush Papers; 'The Book of Snobs; English Humorists of the Eighteenth Century ; The Four Georges; The Rose and the Ring (play),

Theobald, Lewis (1688-1741), critic: editor of Shakespeare.

Thirwall, Connop (1797-1876), historian and theologian: Ilistory of Greece.

Thompson, Francis (1859-1S07), poet: Poems; Sister Bongs; Sew Poems ; The Hound of Heaven; Love in Diana's Lap.

Thomson, James (1700-1748), poet: The Seasons (Winter, Summer, Spring, Autumn); Liberty; The Castle of Indolence,

Thomson, James (1831-1882), poet: The City of Dreadful Nigh!.

Thoreau, Henry David (1817-1802), American prose writer: A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers; Walden.

Thornbury, George Walter (1828-187G), poet and novelist: Lays and Legends of the Few World; Shakespeare's England; Songs of Cavaliers and Roundheads. Novel—The Vicar's Courtship.

Tickell, Thomas (1686-1740), poet: Elegy on the Death of Addison.

Tindal, Matthew (106G-1733), prose writer : Christianity as Old as Hie Creation.

Toland, John (1670 ?-1722), prose writer : Christianity Not Mysterious.

Toumer, Cyril (1675 S-162G), dramatist: The Atheist's Traged;/; The Revenger's Tragedy.

Trahernc, Thomas (lC3Gf-lfl74), poet: Poems; Centuries of Meditations.

Trench, Richard Chevenix (1807-1886), sciiolar and poet: The Study of Words ; English Past and Present.

Trevisa, John (1326-1412): translation into English of Elgden's Polychronicon, and other works.

TroUope, Anthony (1815-1882), novelist: Barehester Towers; Framley Parsonage; The Warden ; Doctor Thorru:; The Small Bouse at Allington; The Last Chronicle of Barset; The Three Clerks; Orley Farm; Autobiography; Life of Thackeray.

Turner, Sharon (1708-1847), historian: A History of the Anglo-Saxons.

"Twain, Mart" (Samuel Langhorna Clemens) (1835-1910), American novelist: The Innocents Abroad; The New Pilgrim's

Udall 280 Wilson Progress; Adventures of Tom Sawyer; A Tramp Abroad; The Advmtiires of Huctlebernj Ii'inn ; A Yankee at the Court of King Arthur; Fuddin'head Wibon; Tom Sawyer Abroad; Personal liecolhc-lions of Joan of Arc; Tom Saicycr, betective.

u Udall, Nicholas (1605-1560), dramatist and

translator: Ralph Boyster Doister; trans­lations of Erasmus^ Apophthegmes and Paraphrases.

Ussher, James, Archbishop of Armagh (1581-1050): A Discourse on the Religion anciently professed by the Irish and British ; The Frindjiies of the Christian Religion.

Vanbrngh, Sir John (160-1-1726), dramatbt: The Relapse; Tlie Provoh'd Wife; The Confederacy.

Vanghan, Henry (1022-1695), poet: Silex Sciidillans; The Retreat; The World; Tlie Storm.

Villiers, George, Second Duke of Buckingham (1623-16S7), dramatist: The Rehearsal.

Vitalis, OrderiCUS (1075-11'12 f): Ecclesias­tical History of England and Normandy.

w Wace, ? Robert (1100 ?-1175 ?), poet: The

Roman de Brut; Roman de Ron. Walker, John (1732-1S07), lexicographer:

A Dictionary of the English Language; Elements of ElociUion; A Rhymimj Dictionary.

Wallace, Alfred Russell (1822-1913), prose writer: The Malay Archipelago.

Waller, Edmund (1006-1037), poet: Collec­tion of poems including Qo Lovely Rose and On a Girdle.

Walpole, Horace (1717-1797), essayist: Cor­respondence (with Sir Horace Mann) ; Memoirs; ¥he Castle of Otranto.

Walpole, Hugh Seymour (born 1881), nov­elist: The Wooden Horse; The Cathedral.

Walton, Izaak (1593-1083), prose writer: Biograpiries o£ Donne, Herbert, Hooker, and Wotton. The Compleat Angler,

Wajburton, William (1098-1779), translator and prosa writer; T!ie Divine Legation of Moses Demonstrated. Bdited Shakespeare's works,

Warner, William (1668-1009), poet: AlbicnCs England (rllymed chronicle).

Warton, Joseph (1722-1800), poet and critic: Essay on the Writings of Pope,

Warton, Thomas (1728-1790), poet and critic: Observations on the Faerie Queene; History of English Poetry.

Watson, Thomas (d. 1J93), poet: llecatom-palhia, or Pasnoiuita Century of Love; Teares of Pancie.

Watson, Sir William (born 1558), po >t: The Prince's Quest; Epigrams of Art, Life and Nature; Wordsworth's Crure and Other Poems; Odes and Other Poons.

Watts-Dunton, Theodore (1832-10 U), poet: The Coming of Love; Hoiineti.

Webhe, William (born 1550), criLc : Dis­course of English Poetry.

Webster, John (1580f-lO-'S?), dramatist: The White Devil; The Duchesi of Malfi; The Devil's Law Case; Appius and Virginia.

Wells, Herbert George (born 1800, norelist: Novels—TIte g'ime Machine; The Wheels of Chance; The War of the Worlds; Love and Mr Leicishnm; Kipps; To/io Bungay; The NewHachiavelli; Marriage; The Passionate Friends; The ll'ife of Sir Isaac Harmon; The Research Magnificent; Mr Britling Sees it Through ; I'he Soul of a Bishop; Joan and P<t(V. Other works—Discovery of the Future; Mankind in tile Making; A Modern Utopia ; New Worlds for Old; The Undying Fire; God, the Invisible King; The Salvaging of Civilisation; Outline of IHsUiry.

Wcndover, Roger of (d. 1238), chronicler: Flares Hislorianim.

Wesley, Charles (1707-1788): Hymns. White, Gilbert (1720-1793), naturalist:

Natural History of Selborne. Whittier, John Greenleat (1807-1892),

American poet: Legends of Nt ic England ; Moll Pitcher ; Poems ; Lays of my Home; Voices of Freedom ; Slangs of Labor ; Old Portraits and Modern Sketches; In War Time ; Nati&tial Lyrics ; Ballads of New England; Poems of Nature; Saint Gregory's Guest,

Whyte-Melville, George John (1821-1878), novelist: Holmby JlouSe; Tlte Gladiators,

Wilde, Osoar (1850-1900), poet and drama­tist : Lady Windermere's Pan ; A Woman of No Importance; The Importance of being Earnest; The Ideal Husband; Dorian Gray (novel),

" William (of Paleme''), i-Hlc ol poem by a poet who calls himself '* William."

Wihnot, John, Earl of Kochester (1047-1080), poet: iv"C5 and criticism ; Valeyiiinian.

Wilson, John (178D-1851) (" Ohi-iitopher Korlh"), poei; V:>.tt author of Nodes " Ambrosiance ; Poemii and dramatic work=i.

Wilson, Thomas (1530-1531), critic : Arte of Ilhetorique; Arte of Logiq:u'; Discourses on XJsurye,

Wilson, Woodrow (1850-1921), American political philosopher: The State: Ele­ments of Historical and Practical Politics; Sketch of iTistitittional History and Ad­ministration; The State and Federal Government of the JJnittd States ; History of the American People; Constitutional Government of the United States.

Wither 281 Bassano Wither,GeorgeOS88-1607),poet: JmmiUa;

EpilMamta; Abuses Stript and Wfiipt; Fidelia; The Mistress of Pltilarete;

,, Hijmns and Songs of the Church; Em-Hems ; BalMujah.

Woloot, John (1738-1819), poet: The Lousiad (satires against George TTT.).

Wood, JHra Henry (1814-1887), novelist: East Lynne; The Chanmngs; Mrs

'Jlalibnrloii's Troubles ; Roland Yorke. Wordsworth, William (1770-1850), poet:

First Poems; The Borderers; Lyrical Ballads; Pastorals; The Leechgatherer;

, The Prelude; The While Doe of jlylslone; ' Laodamia arid Dion; The Excursion; •Peter Bell; The Buddon Sonnets; Eccle-siasiical Sonnets. Preface to Second Edition o Lyrical Ballads.

Wotton, Sir Henry (1868-1639), poet: Ilom happy is he born and taught; You meaner bcoMies of the night. Also works on History, Kducatiou and Arcldtecturc.

WiUfstan (Archbishop o! York, 1002-1033), prose ^Titer: Address to the English.

Wyatt, Sir Thomas (1503-1512), poet i-Love poems and satires.

Wychetlex, William (lOiO ?-1710), dramatist and poet: Love in a Wood; The Gentle­man Bancing Master ; The Plain Dealer; The Country Wife.

Wyolifie, John (1320 ?-1384), relormer and prose writer: Translation o£ the Bible into English.

Wyafoun, AndrewoJ (1350 ?-1420 ?): Original Ohronicle to 1400.

Yeats, William Butler (born 186S), poet: Responsibilities; Reveries over Ohildhootl and Toulh; The Wild Swam at Ooolc; Michael Robartes and the Dancer ; At the Hawk's Well; Two Plays for Dancers.

Yonge, Charlotte Mary (1823-1901), novel­ist: The Ecir of Redelyffe; The Daisy Chain ; The Cliaplet of Pearls.

Young, Arthur (1741-1820), prose writer: Travels in France during 1787, 1788, and 1789; Tour in Ireland.

Yonng, Edward (1683-1706), poet: Night Thoughts.

Zangwill, Izrael (1861-1936) , noTelist, dramatist, and miscellaneoas writer s The Children of the Ohetlo; The Voice of Jerusalem. Plays—Merely Mary Ann; The Melting Pot.

GREAT ARTISTS

Atbey, Edwin Austin (1852-1911), America: lUustratioiis of She Stoops to CoTigiier, arid of comedies ol Shakespeare—The Jongleur ; Beatrice; A May Day Mom; Richard Giike of Gloiicester and the Lady Anne.

Abbott, Francis Lemuel (1700-1803), England: Horatio^ Viscount kelson.

Adam, WiUiam Patrick (born 1851), Scot­land : Interior of Signet Library.

AhnapTadema, Sk Lamenco (1830-1912), Holland: The Education of the Children of Clods; Fredegonda; An Egyptian at 1 his Doorway; The Pyrrhic Dance; Hadrian in Britain; Goldfish.

Angelico, Fra (ilea Giovanni da Fiesole) (1387-1115 V), Florence: The Annunciation; The Adoration of the Magi; Flight into Egypt; Christ Washing Peter's Feet; Christ before Caiaphas; St Peter and the High Priest's Servant; The Deposition from the Cross; Th'e Entry into Jerusalem; Instruments of the Passion; The Last Supper; An Angel with a Lute; The Last Judgment.

Aselles (greatest Grecian painter; flourished 4th century B.C.).

k

ApollodoTus (flourished 108 B.C.), Athens: Odysseus ; A Priest in Prayer ; An Ajax Struck by Lightning (all lost).

Bakhuysen, Lndoli 0631-1708), Flanders: Sea-scapes.

Baldormetti, Alesso (1427-1199), Horcnce: The Annunciation; Altar-picco o£ the Virgin and Child and Six Saints.

Barbari, Jacopo de' (1160 P-1616 ?), Venice: Portrait of a Gentleman.

Barbieri, Giovanni Francesco (Gueroino) (1501-1666),Italy: StPctronilla; Aurora; St William of Aquitaine; Dido; Angels Weeping; St Peter Raising Tabitlia.

BartoU, Domenico (1100 ?-1419 ?), Siena: Madonna Orans.

Battolommeo, Fra (1*75-1517), Horence: Last Judgment; St Mark ; St Sebastian ; St Paul; Picti ; Savonarola.

Battolozzi, Francesco (17S5-1815), Florence; engraver : Plates in Eoydell's Shakespeare Gallery,

Bassano, Jacopo da Ponte (1510-159S), Italy: Altar-piece of the Nativity;

Baudry 282 Caravagrgio pictures o£ peasants and villagers, cattle and landscapes.

BauOry, Paul Jacmes Aim6 (1828-1886), France: Zmobia Found on the Hanks of the Araxcst The Martyrdom of a Vestal Virgin; The Child; The Fettrl and the Wave; Charlotte Cordmj after the Murder of Marat.

Beardsley, Aubrey (IS72-1S98), England: Black and white illustrations; Sir Thomas JZaloiy's Morie d'Arthur; Salome; The Rape of the Lock.

Beatmevea, Andr (15th century), li'rance: King Richard II.

Bellini, Gentile (1'129 ?-1507), Venice : Madonna; Reception of an Ambassador at Constantinople; The SultanMahommed II.; water-colour portrait of A Scribe; pen and ink dramngs of l^irldsh types; Procession of a Relic of the True Cross through St Marie's Place.

BeUini, Giovanni (1430 ?^151G), Venice: The Madonna of the Trees ; The Dead Christ; The Infant Bacchus; Portrait of a Bahy; The Doge Leonardo Loredano.

Bellini, Jacopo (MOO?-l'i70 ?), Venice: Christ Crucified;- Madonnas; attributed to hijn—A Warrior Saint on Borscback; Crucifixion ; Adoration of tlic Magi.

Berchem, Claea Pietersa (1620-1(583), Hol­land ; Landscapes.

Bewick, Thomas (1753-1823), ISushmd; wood-engraver: Sckct Fables; Quadru­peds ; British Birds.

Bficldin, Arnold (1827-1901), Switzerland: Great Park; The Walk to Emrnam; Tritmt and Nereid,

Bologna, Giovanni da (1521-lcOS), Manders, sculptor: Mercury Poised on one Foot; The Rape of the Sabines; fountaiu at Bologna; two fountains in the Boboli gardens ; equestrian statue of Cosimo dc' Medici.

BonfigU, Benedetto (IGth century), Perugia: Series of frescoes of the life of St Louis of Toulouse.

Bonheur, Maria Rosa (1822-1S99), France: The Horse Fair; Le Lab&urage IsHver?tais; La Faiaison; Ploughing,

Bordone, Paris (1500-1570), Venice : Fisher-nmn and Doge; Daphiis and Chloe;Por­trait of a Lady; IJoluFamihj; Madonna: The Chess Players; Baptism of Christ.

Botticelli, Sandro Filipepi (144-1-1510), Florence: Tlie Magnificat; Primavera iSpring); Adoration of the Magi; The Virgin and Child; The Birth of Vmus; The Vision of St Augustine; The Virgin Mother; Giovanni T&riiabuoni aiid the Graces; P. Lorenzo dc* Medici; L'Abbon-dansa,

Boucher, Francois (1703-1770), France: Madame de Pompadour; Rinaldo and Armida; Sunrise; Sunset.

Bouguerau, Adolphe William (1825-1905), Frajjce: The Martyr's Trimnph; The Triumph of Vmus; Chanty; Prayer; The Invocation ; Sappho; The Golden Age.

Brangwyn, Frank (born 1807), Belgium: Modern Commerce; Trade on the Beach; St Simeon Stylites; Siirct7icat Seller; Turkish Boatmen ; The Scoffers.

Breton, Jules Alclolphe Aim6 Louis (1827-1906), France ; Return of the Harvesters ; Little Gleaner; The Bay afdr St Sebas­tian's Bay; Women Weeding; The Song oftfieLarJc; TimligM Glory.

Breughel, Jan (1568-1625), Zanders: Paint­ings of flowera and fruits, l--jndscap"c3 and sea-pieces.

Breusbel, Pieter the Elder (15^-v?-l5f39), Piandei-s: Humorous pictures.

Breughel, Pieter the Younger (ir.Sl-lG37), Flanders: Christ Bearing the Cr'iis.

Bril, Paul (15yd^lC36), Flanders: Martyr­dom of S. Clement; landscapes.

BroDziiio,AngeloAllori(lo02-1572),Florence: Lucrczia Panciatichi; Venus and Gxfpid; Dante; Petrarch; Boccaccio.

Bronwer, Adrian (1605 cr 1G0G-1G38), Hol­land : The Gamblers.

Brown, Ford Madox (1821-1893), Fmgland: Christ Washing S. Peter's Fat; Job on the Ash-heap; Chaucer at the Court of Edward IJ J.; The Last of England; Jacob and Joseph's Coot; Blijnh and the Widow's Son ; TJic Entomhwnu.

Brunelleschi, Filippo (I377-1'11G), Florence: Finished the Cathedral at Floraicc; designed the Pitti Palace.

Buonarroti; see Michelangelo. Burgkmair, Hans (1173-1531), Germany:

700 woodcuts; series of J-"35 prints of Triumphs of Emperor Maximilian; frescoes.

Bume-Jones, Sir Edward, Bart. (1833-1898), England: Love amony the Ruins; Briar Rose (series); The OoWcn Simrs ; Pygmalion (scries); The Mirror of Vc7ins ; Chant d'A mour; Pygmalion and the Imago (scries of four);" ^Vhccl of Fortune; King Cophetua and the Beggnr Maid; The Story of Perseus (series); Arthur in Avalon.

Cahanel, Alexandre (lS23-iRS'i\ France: Birth of Veivxs.

Cameron, Sir D, Y. (born 1805), Scotland: Ben Ledi; The Ochils,

Canaletto (or Antonio Canale) (.1697-17GB), Venice: A View Loolxng toimrds Murano; Vieic on the Gru.nd Canal^ Venice; Regatta on the Grand Canal.

Cappelle, Van de (1021-1679), Holland: A Calm^

Caravaggio, Michelangelo Amerighi da (15Gy-l(iOO), Italy: Entambtnent of Christ; St Sebastian; Alof de Vigna-court and his Page; Supper at Emmaus.

Caravaggio, Polidoro Caldara da (1495 ?-15^3),Italy: Crucifixion; Christ Bearing the Cross,

Carpaccio 283 Daubiguy Carpaccio. Vittore (1465 P-1522 ?), Venice:

T!ie fisisii of S. Vrsnia; life of the ' Vinjin; Life cf St Stephen ; Dead Christ. Carracoi, Luflovico, Agcstino and Annibale

(imclo ana two ncijhows) (bom 1655, 1557, 1600 respccUvelj), Bolog-ua:

(1) Ludovico : Madonna. Standing on the Moon; John the Baptist; St Jerome; St Benedict; Liinio of the Fathers.

' (2) AgosEino; Gom7mmion of St Jerome; Celeslia!, Terrestrial, and Venal Love.

(3) Annibale; Dead Christ in the Lap of tite Madonna; St Roch Dis­tributing Alms.

Castagno, Andrea del (1390-1457), Florence: ^'icoladi Tolentino.

Catena, Vicenzo di Biagio (1470 ?-1631 ?): , The Martyrdom of S. Christina.

Cavallini, Ketro (1370 ?-1361), Home: Last Judgment; fresco of the Crucifixion.

, Surmised to hare executed the mosaics of .Edward the Confessor in Westminster Abbey.

Cellini, Benvenuto (1600-1571), Florence: metal worker and seulptor: Perseus lioliing the Head of Medusa; Silver salt­cellar of Francis I . ; lledallion of Clement Til., 1530.

Chantrey, Sir Francis Legatt (1781-1841), England; sculptor: Sleeping Children.

Cbardin, Jean Sim6on (1C99-1779), Franco: The Cook; The Admonition.

Chodowieokl, Daniel Nicolas (1720-1801), Poland : Miniatures of The History of the Life of Jesus Christ; Jean Calais and his Family,

Cimabae, Giovanni(1240 9-1303 ?), Florence: Madonna and Child tvith Angels; St Francis; Saviour Enthroned and some Angels ; Four Ecangelists uith Angels ; Mosaic of Christ in Glory between the Virgin and John the Evangelist.

Claude, Gellfe (lUOO-1682), France: Land­scape icith Rest on the Flight; Marriage of Isaac and Rebecca; Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba.

Clausen, George (bom 1862), England: Girl at the Gate; Sliowers,

Clonet, Francois (1610-1672), France: Elisabeth of Austria; Mary, Queen of Scots; Charles IX.; Marguerite of France; attiibuted to Mm—Frarvcia I. Caihtrilie de' Media.

Cole, George Vicat (1833-189S), England: The Pool of Lomlon.

Conegliano, Cima da (1489-1517), Venice: Altar-piece in Cathedral of Conegliano, The Presentation in the Temple.

ConstaWe, John (1776- 1837), England: The Cornfield; Flatford Mill; The White Jlorse; The Ilaywain; A View on the Stour; Salisbury Cathedral from the BisUof's Garden; Hadleigh Castle; Salisbury Cathedral from t!ie Meadows; The Cenotaph ; Arundel Mill and Castle.

Constant, Jean Joseph Benjamin (l 845-1902), France: Hamlet ei le Roi; Trap Tard; Samson et Balila; Queen Victoria.

Cope, Sir Arthur Sfockdale (born 1857), England: Portraits.

Cornelius, Peter von (I7S3-lSfi7), Qennany: Designs from Faust; Frescoes of Lent Jiulgtjuml; The Creator; The Nativity; The Crucifixion; Series of Cartoons from The Apocali/pse.

Corot, Jean-Baptiste Camille (1796-1875), France: Souvenir de Morte Fontaine; Woodgalherers; VneMatinie; Macbeth; Le Lac; L'Arbre BrisS; Pastorale Souvenir d'ltalie; Bibles; Spring;

Lady in Blue. Correggio, Antonio Allegri (1494-1531),

Italy: The Ediication of Cupid; The Holy Night; Arrest of Christ; aVirle Altar-piece: liepose in Egypt, with Sts. Bartholomew and John; Ecce Homo; St Jerotne.

Cossa, Francesco del (1435-1477 ?), Perrara: Allegory of Harvest.

Costa, Lorenzo (14G0-1535), Ferrara: MadoTma, and Child uith the Bentivoglia Family; Madonna and Child Enthroned.

Cox, David (1783-1859), England: Eand-scapes; Going to the Mill; Old Mill at Bettms-y- Coed ; Outskirts of a Wood with Gypsies; Peace and War.

Cranach, Lucas (1472-1553), Germany: The Best an the Flight.

Credi, Lorenzo di (1459-1537), riorenco: The Annunciation; Study of a Baby's Arm; Virgin arid Child u.ith Saints; Madonna; Virgin and Child.

Crivelli, Carlo (1430i'-1493), Venice: The Annunciation; Beato Fcrrelti; Madonna and Saints ; Bead Christ.

Crome, John (1760-1821) England: Tlte Portingland Oak; Mousehold Heath, near Sonoich; Clump of Trees, llautbois Common; The Willow; Coast Scene near Varmouth; Bruges on the Ostend River; Slate Quarries ; Fishmarkcl at Boulogne.

Craiksliant, George (1792-1S78), England: engraver, black and white artist: The Political House that Jack Built; The Humorist; Life in Paris; Life in London; The Life of Sir John Falstaff.

Cuyp, Albert (1020-1691), Holland: Hilly Landscape in Morning Light; Night on the Banfes of a Kiucr ; Orji/tews Gharnmi^ the Beasts ; Philip Baptizing the Eunuch ; Mouse and Hliine Landscapes; Riders mth the Hoy and Herdsman; The Hunts­man ; Piper with Coirs.

Daubigny, Charles Francois (1817-1878), France: Lock at Optecoz; Moonlight; Springtime; Borde de la Cure, Morvan; Return of the Flock—Moonlight.

David 284 Frampton David, Gerard (IIBO ?-1523), Holland: Si

John; St Jerome; Pida; Descent from tile Cross; Marriage of St Catlierine; Madonna EMlirorud mid Saints; Annun­ciation ; Madonna icith Angels and Saints; The Judgment of Cambyses; Transfigura­tion.

David, Jacciuea Loais (1748-182D), Prance: The Onef of Andromadie; The Oath of OuHoratii; The Death of Socrates; Love of Paris and Eelen; Brulm; The Oath of the Tennis Court; Marat Assassinated,; The Coronation (of Josephine); JDistri-hutimi of the Eagles; Madame Rlcamier.

David, Pierre Jean (1789-1850), Franco; statue of Sarra the Drummer Boy; monument to Bozzaris; Reviving^ Greece; monument to General Oobert in Pfere Lachaise; Marble Philopoemen,

Da Vinci, Leonardo, see Vinci. Delacroix, Ferdinand Victor Engtae (1798-

1803), France: Dante and Virgil; Massacre of Chios; Marino Jfaliero decapitated on the GianVs Staircase of the Ducal Palace; Sardanapalus; Taking of Constantinople by the Christians.

Delaroohe, Hippolyte (1797-1856), Prance: The King in the Guard Room; Strafford led to Execution; Richelieu in his Marge and Cinq Mars on his Way to Execution; Young Female Martyr floating Dead on the Tiber; AssassirwtioJi of the Due de Guise at Bhis; Bead of an Arigel; Napoleon at St Selena ; Marie Antoinette leaving the Convention,

Delia Eobiia, Andrea (1.135-1625), Florence; sculpture : enamelled clay reliefs.

Delia Solbia, Giovanni (1409-1829 ?), Flor­ence ; sculpture: enamelled clay reliefs.

Delia EolWa, Girolamo (1488-1600), Flor­ence : sculpture and architecture: bnilfc the Chateau de Madrid in the Bois de Boulogne.

Delia Robbia, Lnca (1399-1482), Florence: sculpture: singing gallery in cathedral at Florence; bronze reliefs on sacristy door in cathedral at Florence.

(The Delia Eobbia family developed the enamelling of clay to a high degree. It is known as the Robbia ware.)

Detaille, Jean Baptiste Edouard (bom 1848), France: A Halt; The Conquerors; The Retreat; Hail to the Wounded; BOTUI-parte in Egypt,

Diaz, Narcisse Vilgilio (1808-1870), France : 2^ F&c mix Ptries; Sunset in the Forest; The Storm ; The Forest of Fonlainebleau,

Dicksee, Francis Bernard (Frank) (born 1853), England: i a Belle Dame Sans Merci; portraits.

Domeniehino, Zampieri (1681-1C41), Bologna: Communion of St Jerome; Adam and Eve; Scourging of St Andrew; Martyrdom of St Agnes; Death of Adonis; Diana and her Nymplis,

Donatello, Donato di Betto Bardi (1380 ?-1400), Florence: statues ot the Prophets—

Daiid; St John the Evangelist; fit Peter; St George; St Mart; Abraiam; St John the Baptist, Beliefs — Ilerod's Feast; Ascension ; Miracles of St Anthony.

Don, Gerard (1013-1075), Holland: The Herring Seller; The Poulterer's Shop; Dropsical Woman.

Dapte, Julea (1812-1889), Prance: land­scapes—Morning; Evening ; Crossing the Bridge.

Durer, Albroeht (1471-1628), Germany: The Virgin and Child uith a Pear; Christ Crucified; The Adoration of the Magi ; The Praying Hands ; Adam OTul Eve; Orpheus; Feast of the Rosaries.

E Eaatlalte, Sir Charles Lock (1793-1SS5),

England; Pilgrims in Sight of Jerusalem; JIagar and Ishmael,

Eeokhoat, Gerbrandfc van den (1B21-1C74), Holland: Portrait of Dapper,^; Gambling Soldiers; Soldiers^ Merrymaliing; Sports­man ivith Hounds; Group of Children with Goals ; Christ in the Temple.

Etty, William (1787-1840), England : Coral-finders ; Cleopatra^s Arrival in Cilicia; Combat; Jiidith and Bolofcmes.

Eyok, Hubert van (13GC?-1420), Holland; WorsMp of the Lamb; Marits at tlie Sepulchre; The Vision of St Prancis of

Eyok, Jan van QMb 7-1440), Holland: ff. Amolfini of Lucca and his Wife; Travellin/ Altarineces of Charles V.; Leal Souvenir; Portrait of a Man •with a Turban; Man with the Pinks,

Parauhaison, Joseph, Scotland • Glory of Departing Day; First of Winter's Snow.

Fildes, Sir Late (1S44-1027), England : T/ie Casual Ward; The Doctor; portraits.

Flaxman, John (1756-1820), England: statues of -Si Michael; Nelson; JImco; bas-reliefs of Apollo; Marpessa; Pan­dora conveyed to Earth bv Merairy.

Floris, Frana (de Vriendt) (1520 ?-1570), Flanders: Mars and Venus ensnared by Vulcan; Last Judgment.

Forli, Melozzo da (1438-1494), Italy: The Archangel Gabriel,

Fragouard, Jean-Honori (1732-1 ?00), Prance: Jeroboam Sacrificing to the Ttiols; Christ

. Washing the Feet of the Apostles; Corisus et Gallirhoi; The Love Vow; The Bolt; The Tumble ; The Swing ; Billet Doux ; The Fountain of Love ; The Schoolmistress; A Lady Carving her Name on a Tree.

Frampton, Sir George (born IStiO), England, Sculptor: Peter Pan; La Belle Dame Sans Merci.

EVancesco 2S5 Fraaoesoo, Piero dellaCIcthcentury),Italy:

^ Madonna, Child, and Angels; The Bream of Constanline; Portrait of an Unknown ladj/ (attributed).

Franeia, Franc (1450-1S17), Bologna: The Entontbment.

Erith, William Powell (1819-1009), England : The Derby Day; The Railway Station.

Furse, Cliarles Wellington (1SC8-1904), England: Diana of the Uplands; Cain; Jjird Roberts; The Return from the Ride ; Cubbing icith the York and Ainsiy; The Lilac Gown; Mr mid Mrs Oliver Fishing; Lord Charles Beresford.

Fyt, Johannes (1009-lOCl), Flanders: Stilema amongst Fruit and Flowers; Diana and her Nymplis with the Produce of the Chase; Dead Game and Frail in front of a Triumphal Arch. (Scliut and Willeboris painted the figures in this, and Quellyn the architectural backgrounds.)

G GaMi, Agnolo (1350 ?-1390), Florence:

Resurrection of Lazarus; frescoes of legends of the Virgin and her Sacred Girdle; eight frescoes of the Legend of the Cross.

Gaaai, Gaaao (12G0?-1333?), Florence: frescoes in Upper Church of Assisi of incidents in life of Sfc Francis; mosaics in portico of basihca of S. ilaria Afaggiore, depicting legend of foundation of the Church,

Gaddi, TaSdeo (1800-13G6), Florence: fresco of The Virgin and Child between Four Prophets; altarpieco •, Yirgin and Child. Triptycli— Yirgin Enthroned along with Four Saints; Baptism of Jesus; Deposition from the Cross.

Gainsborough, Thomas (1737-1788), England: The Painter's Daughters; The Duchess of Devonshire; Oainsborough Dupont; Miss Hippcsley; The Honourable Mrs Graham; The Parish Clerk; Mrs BilUngton ; Mrs Siddons; The Blue Boy; The Market Cart; William Pitt.

GeMe, Claude (lCOO-1082), France : Land­scape with Rest em the Flight,

Gerard, Ftanpoig, Baion (1770-1SS7), France: The Tenth of August; Bilisaire; Psychl ct V Amour; Bataille d'Aiisterlitz; L'Entrle d'Henri IV.; portraits of famous people.

Qhirlandajo, Dom del (1449-1-194), Florence : An Old Man and Ms Grandson; The Vision of Santa Fina.

Gilbert, Sii John (1817-1897), England: Holbein painting the Portrait of Anne Bohyn; Touchstone and the Shepherd; Rembrandt; Saseby; The Trumpeter; Richard II. resigning his Crown; The TwlMsh Water Carrier.

Giorgione, Georgio Baibarelli (1477-1511), Yenice: The Madonna Enthroned; Con-

Heemskesrk cert Champttre; Figures in a Landscape ; The Sleeping Venus; attributed— Judith; Portrait of a Man.

Giotto, di BoQdone (12C7 ?-1.1S7), Florence: St Francis and the Birds; Marriage of St Francis to Poverty; Allegory of Chastity ,-Allegory of Obedience; ViMn of St Francis in Glory; nigh Altarpiece for St Peter's ; Mosaic of Christ saying St Peter from the Waves (celebrated Xancella); series of Frescoes entirely coveringinternal walls of chapel of the Virgin of the innuncialion (Padua) ; Berod's Birthday Feast.

Goes, Hugo van der (1435 ?-1482), Flanders; triptych o£ life-sized figures (DfBzi); S. Victor and a Donar (attributed).

Goya y Luoientes, Francisco JosS de (1746-18S8), Spain: Tlie Duke of Wellington; Charles II.; Charles IV.;Ferdinand VII.; King Joseph; Duchess of Alva; Al Fresco Breakfast; Curate Feeding the DcviVs Lamp; Los Caprichos; Los Proverbios; Los Destrastres de la Guerra.

Goyen, Jan van, Josephszoon (1C96-1C56), Holland: View of the Hague; Winter Skating Scenes; Embarkation of Charles II. (attributed).

Gozzoli, Benozzo (1420-1498), Florence: Virgin and Child with Saints ; St Thomas Receiving the Girdle of the Yirgin; The Glory of St Thomas Aquinas; The Rape of Helen (attributed).

Greuze, Jean Baptiste (1725-1806), France : A Girl with a Dove; Sophie Amould; The Millt)naid; La Jeune Fills qui pleure son Oiseau Mori; La Bonne Uhe; Le Mauvais Fils puni; La MaUdiction Patemelle; Petite Filleau Cliien JVoir.

Grunewald,' Mathias (1175-1630): St Maurice and Mary Magdalen between Four Saints; altarpieces,

H Hals, Franz (1580 or 15S1-1000), Holland!

W. van Heytlmysen; A Family Group; The Laughing Cavalier; Hille Sobbe, the Witch of Haarlem.

Heda, William Kassz (1594 ?-1070 ?), Holland: Luncheon.

Heem, Johannes de (160G-1CS3 or 1G84), Hol­land : pictures of still life: Lauliard, bottle, silver cup, and lemon on marble table; creepers, gourds, blacl^bcrrics, twigs of orange, mjTtle, and peach with butterflies, moths, and beetles; also, wreathed Madonna.

Heemskerk, Marten van (1498-1674), Hol­land : Adam and Eve; St Luke Painting the Likeness of the Virgin and Child; Bcce Homo ; Crucifixion; Judgment of Momus; Golgotha; Flight into Egypt; Christ on the Mount; Triumph of Silmus ; Last Judijment.

Heist 286 Kneller Heist. Baitholomeua van der (1C13 ?-1670),

Holland: Burgomaster Bicker; Andreas Bicker the Younger; Peace of Aliimter.

Herkomer, Sir Hubert von (1849-1914), Bavaria: The Last Muster; Found; The Chapel of the Charterhouse.

Heydett, Jan van der (1G37-1712), Holland: pictures of Dutch housfS and Cologne Cathedral.

Hobbema, Meyndert (163S-1709), Holland; The Avenue, Middclhamis; Kuins of Breherode Castle; A Wooded Landscape; A Forest.

Hogarth, William (1097-1764), England: engravings: The JFIartofs Progress (6 plates); The Jiake's Progress (8 plates) ; Mariage d la Mode; Four Times of the Bay; Strolling Actresses dressing in a Barn. Oil-paintings: oridnals of the above: Garrick as Bichard III,; Por­trait of the Artist inth his Bog Trump; Sigisinunda; Bavinia Fenton; Shrimp Girl; Gate of Calais; Captain Corain; The Lady*s Last Stake; Paul before Felix; Moses Brought to Pharaoh's Baughter.

Holbein, Hans, the Elder (U60?-1524), German: 'fii;o Madonnas in Sloritz Ohapel; Basilica of St Paul; series of Passion pictures; Martyrdom of St Sebastian.

Holbein, Hans, the Younger (1497-1643), German: King Henry VIII.; The Buekess of Milan; O'corg Gisze; Portrait of Morette; Earl de la Warr; series of Passion pictures: Jacob Meyer and his Wife; 3Iadonna aiul St Pantalus; Kaiser Henry icith the Emjiress Kiinigunde; Erasmus ; Sir Thomas More ; Warluxm ; Wyctit; Thomas Cromwell; Rckoboam receiving the Israelii^; Envoys; The Am­bassadors; Triumphs of Wealth a7id Poverty; Jane Seymour; Christine of Benmarh; Prince Edward.

Hondekoeter, Melchior de (1636-1695), Holland: Jackdaw Beprived of Ms Borrowed Plumes.

Honthorst, Gerard van(1590-1656), Holland: Buke of Buckingham and Family; King and Queen of Bohemia ; Marie de Medici; Pri7ices Charles Louis, and Rupert; Lord Craven; Lute Player; Allegory of Charles I. and his Qiieen as Apollo and Biana.

Hooch, Pietcr de flC30-l677), Holland: A Butch Interior icith Soldiers; Court of a Butch Bouse; A Woman Peeling Ap-ples; The Card Players; Mug of Beer; Miisic Party; Mother Seated near a Cradle; Smoking Party.

Hoppner, John (1759-lSlO), England ; The Countess of Oxford; The Sackville Children; Lady G. Campbell as Aurora; The Jessamy Bride; King Lear; Prince of Wales; Buke and Buchess of York; Lord Rodney; Lord d^clson; Sir Walter Scoli; Wellington; Frere; Sir George Beaumont.

Hunt, William Holmnn (1837-1910), Eng­land : Yaleniine rescuing Sylvia from Proteus; The Hireling Shepherd ; Claudia and Isabella; The Strayed Shrtp! 2'/(e Bight of the World; The Aivahhcd Con­science; The Scopcgoai; The Finding of Our Saviour in the Temple; TJ e Shadow of Beath; The Triumph of the Innocents.

Huymirn, Jan van (1G83-I74t)), Holland: pictures of fruit and flowers.

In^es, Jean Anguste Dominiiine (1730-18C7), France: Ambassadors of Aganu-mnon in the Tent of Achilles; Girl after Bathing; Portrait of the First Consul; Portrait of the Emperor; (Edipus aiul thr- Sphinx; Venues Anadyomene; M. Bod ft; Mme la Comtesse de Tournon; Francesca di Rimini; Yceit de Louis XIII.; Jeanne d:'Arc,

Israels, Josef (1824-1911), Holland: The ZandvQort Fisherman; The Sih nt House; Village Poor ; Shipicrecked ; 1 he Cradle ; The Widower; When We Grow Old; Alone in the World; A Frugal Meal; Toilers of the Sea; Bavid Singing before ^aul.

Janssen, Cornelius (159r>-lG61?). J 'lander^: Milton,

John, Augustus Edwyn (born 18791. England: The Way down to tlie Sea; 1 le Smiling Woman; Peasant Industry; Robin; liacha^l; Canadians Oppa-i'e Lens; Portraits of Ministers at the Peace Con­ference,

Jones, Inigo (1573-1653), Entrhnd : said to have designed the royul palacv; of Rosen­borg and Fredcriksborg for tla Kiiiff of Denmark. Design for palace (f Whitehall.

Jordaens, Jacob (1593-167S), Plandei-j: portrait painter,

K Kauflman, (Maria Anna) Angelica (1711-

1807), Switzerland: Portiail of Ganicl-; Portrait of Sir Joshua Ihimnlds; Leo­nardo expiring in the Arms oj Smncis the First; Lady Hamilton,

Kaulbach, Willielm von (1806-1874), Gar-many : Destruction of Jen/sal, m; Battle of tlie Suns; Toircr of Bu'vl; Age of Homer ; Crusades; The Refutmation.

Kneller, Sir Godfrey (1810-17i'S), (Jennaiiv: Charles II.; Louis XIV.; Forty-three Celebrities of the Kit-Cat Club; Ten Beauties of the Court of Wiltiain III.; Converted Chinese.

Koninck 287 Meer Koninck, Pliilips de (1010-1088), Holland:

Vue de I Embouchure d'uae Rivihe; I Paysaffe; portraits, s

Lanoret, Hicolas (1G90-1743), France : The Music Lesson; Spring; Innocence;

'Summer, Lirndseer, Sir Edwin Heniy (1803-1873),

^n^hiJii: FigUingDogsOeMngWind;Eigh Life; Low Life; TIK Cavalier's Pets; The 014 Shepherd's Chief Mourner; Dignity and Impudence; The Sanctuary ; The Twa Pogs ; Man Proposes, God Disposes,

Lavery, Sir John (bom 1857), Ireland: Wounded Soldiers^ London Hospital, 1915 ; portraits.

Lawrence, Sir Thomas (17G9-1830), England : Oeorgina Lennox; William Wilberforee; Master Lambton; Satan,

Leader, Benjamin Williams (1831-1923), England: The Valley of the Llugwy.

Lo Brun, Charles Vigfe (1019-1690), Pranoe: Marie Antoinette; The Pay in lied,

Leighton, Frederick teighton. Baron (1830-1896),England: DanteinExile; Wedded; Hercules Wrestling with Death for the Body of Alcestis; ClyteMnestra; Captive Andromache', Perseus and Andronxeda; Plectra- at the Tomb of Agamemnon; The Baphnephoria; The Bath of Psyche. Sculpture—Athlete Struggling v:iih a Python,

Lely, Sir Peter (1618-1080), Germany; cjimc to England, 1 Oi l : Cliarles I.; Oliver Cromwell; The Beauties (collection of porCrails o£ ladies o( Charles H.'s Court); Susannah and the Elders,

Leonardo da Vinci, see Vinci. Liotard, Jean Etienne (1703-1789), Switzer­

land ; portraits o£ Eoyalty; pastel drawings; La Liscuse; The Chocolate Girl; La B4le Lyonnaise.

Uppi, IVa EiUppo (UQ6-U09), Florence; The Holy Family; The Virgin.

Longlii, Pietro (1702-1702), Venice: Panicle Dolfmo; The Seven Sacraments; Tempta­tion if St Anthony; Circus; Gambling Seem,; Exhibition of a Rhinoceros in an Arena; Domestic Group; The Fortune Teller

lorenzoi'Fiorenzo di (1.140 7-1522), Italy: Madonna and Saints ; Nativity ; Adora­tion of the Magi; Adoration of the Shepherds.

Lotto, Lorenzo (1480 7-1550 ?), Venice : _ St Jerome; Assumption of the Virgin; Entombment; Transfiguration; St James; St Vincent; Pride and Bridegroom; Triumph of Chastity; Christ and the Adidteress; Crucifixion; Madonna and Saints.

Luini, Bernardino (1476-1533), Milan: Head of the Virgin Mary; The Holy Family; The Madonna of the Rose Power; A

Kneeling Angel (Jacing right); A Xnceling Tiffrf (facing left).

Lysippus (fl. 338-270 B.C.), GroQCe: statues of Alexander the Great, and ol atUetes.

M . Jan Gossart (1470 ?-lo33 ?),

Flanders; The Adoration of the Kings; Neptun£ and AmpMtrite ; Whe Madonna ; Jean Carondelet; Adam and Eve; Portrait of Children of Christian II. of Denmark,

MaoCulloch, Horatio (1805-1867), Scotland: Kilchum Castle and, other Scottisb. land­scapes.

Maclise, Daniel (1806-1870), Ireland : The Meeting of Wellington and BlUcher ; Tlie Death of /^elson^

Maes, Nicholas (1632-1693), Holland : The Cradle; The Butch IIouseKife; The Idle ScnCTit; The Card Flaijers ; The Listen­ing Girl.

Manet, Edouard (18S2-188S), France; (Ira-presionist): A Nymph Surprised; Tfic Angels at the Tomb; Tiic Dead Man; Olympia j The Balcony; The SzcciLtion of the Emperor Mazimilian; The Garden; liamtct,

Mantegua, Andtca (1'IS1-150G), Italy: Madonna, Child and Cherubim; St George; St JCuphemia; Parnassus; Minerva Triumphing over the Vices; The Agony in the Garden; Vestals; The Triumph of Scipio.

Maris, Jacob (1837-1899), IloUand: Grc^j Tower, Old Am-fterdam; Landscape near Dordrecht; Seaxoecd Carts, Schcveningen; • A VUlage Bcene.

JVTaitiDi, Simone (Simon di Martiao, Simon Memmi) (1283-I3i'l), Sicnn,: Madonna Enthroned icith the Infant; Christ found by His Parents in the Temple,

" Masacoio " (Tommaso Guidi) (1401-14^83, Italy; Frescoes, including scenes from tho life of St Peter.

Mason, George Hemming Q 818-1872), England: Ploughing in the Ca??ipagna; In the Salt Marshes, Campagna; tvening Ilymn; Girls Dancing by the Sea; Harvest Moon.

Marnier, Georges Lonis Falmella Bnsson du (1831-1890), France: Society pictures, black and white.

Manve, Anton (1S38-188S), Holland: Milk­ing Time; A Fishing Boat Putting to Sea; A Flock of Sheep; The Sand Cart; Watering Borses,

May, Philip William (1865-1903), England; Caricaturist: Studies of the guttersnipe and coster girl.

Heer, Jan Van der, of Delft (1632-1675), Holland:. Christ with Martha and Mary; Woman ajid Soldier ; Reading Girl; The Milk Woman; Tfie Letter; Dia7ia and

Meissonier 288 Orchardson tlie Nymphs; The Coquette; Woman Reading; Lady al a Casement; Mtisic Master and I^tipil; Ths Lace-Maker,

Meissoaier, Jean Lonis Ernest (1815-1891), Prance: A Musketeer; The Bravos; La Rixe; Game of Chess; Young Man of the Time of the Regency; Retreat from Moscow; The Quarrel; Cuirassiers; The Emperor at Solferino.

Memlinc, Hans (1430 ?-ld9d), Geiiuany: The Biike of Glexes; Sir John Donne; The Seven Griefs of Mary; Last Judg­ment; Mado7tna and tSainis; Virgin and Child; Sybil Zambetha; The Seven Joys of Mary,- Crucifixion; I^ewen?ioveii Madonna.

STengs, Antony Raphael a738^1779), Bohemia: Cupid Sharpening his Arrow; Ascension; PerseusmidAiidromeda; Eohj Family.

Messina, Antonello da a^ao ?-l'l79), Italy: The Crucifixion.

Metsn, Gabriel (1630 ?-lG67), nollaud: Lazarus; Woman Taken in Adultery; Departure of Hagar; The Widow\^ Mite; Women at a Fishmonger's Shop; Market Place of Amsterdam; The Tavern; Tabby Cat; Sleeping Sportsman.

MetsysCMatsys), Quentm(146a ?-1530), Flan­ders: The Magdalen; Le Bangide)' et sa Femtnel Yirginand Christ; Mater Dolorosa.

Michelangelo (Buonarroti) (l4:75-i5G-i), Florence; Sculpture: David ; He&d of a Fauti; Moses ,* TVTO Slaves; The Medici Monument; Victory; Leah and Hachel; Dome of S£ Peter's. Painting: Jloly Family; Prescoes in the Sixtine Ohspel, irojo. the Creation to the Plood j Last Judgment.

Miereveia, Michiel Janez Van (1567-1641), Holland: A Child with a Parrot; Christ and the Samaritan; Judith and Holo-femes; William of Orange; Count Palor ti7ie Frederick V.; The King of Bohemia; Louise de Coligny.

Millais, Sir John Everett (1829-1896), Eng­land : The Boyhood of Raldgh; Souvenir of Velasquez; The Huguenot; Christ in the Iloicse of Hi^ Parents ; Ophelia ; The Carpenter's Shop; Autumn Leaves; The Eve of Si Agnes ; Vanessa ; Cherry Ripe ; Bubbles; The Iforth-Wcst Passage.

Millet, Jean Pranpois (1814^1875), IVance: The Angehis; Saims Mending a Sail; Milkwoman; Lesson in Riding; The Winnower; Girls Sewing; The Reapers; The Gleaners; Man with a Hoe; Washer­woman at her Tid).

*• Moretto, I I " (Alessandro Bonvicino) (1498-1554), Italy : Five Virgin Martyrs ; As­sumption of the Madonna ; St Joseph; St jVicholas of Bari; Si Justina; Adora­tion of the Shepherds.

MorlaQ,d, George (17G3-1804), England: The Idle and the I'ndustrious Mechanic; The We Laundress and the iTzdiisirious Cottager ; Inside of a Stable,

Morland, Henry Robert (1730 ?-1797), England: The Laundry 21aid,

Moro, Antonio (1512 ?-1575) (sometimes known, as Sir Anthony Moro), Verona: Queen Mary of England; Philip II. of

Moroni,*Giambattista (1510?-1678), Italy: The Tailor; Nohlenian Pointing to a Flame; Canon Ludovico; Tiiian^s Schoolmaster (the Jesuit, Ercolc Tssso); Coronation of the Virgin.

Munkacsy, Michrol Von (1846-1900), Hun­gary ; Milton Dictating' Paradise Lost' to his Daughters; Christ before Pilate; Golgotha; The Death of Mozart; Arpad, Chief of the Magyars, taking possession of Hungary; Bcce Homo.

MuiiUo, Bartolomfi Est^ban (1017-1G82), Spain; S. Anthony of Padua; Plight into Egypt; I^ativity of the Virgin; Virgin of the CoTicepiion; Faith; Moses Striking the Rock; Return of the Proditial; Abra­ham Receiving the Three Angels; Charitrj of San Juan de Dios; St EUmbcik of Hun­gary; Charitg of St Thomas of Villanneva.

Murray, Sir David O^orn 1849). Scotland: London Bridge; The River Road; The White Heat,

N Nasmyth, Alexanaer (1763-1840), Scotland

Portrait of Robert Sums; Landscapes. Nattier, Jean Maio (1685-1700), Prance:

Madame Sophie de France; Battle of PuUawa; Pctrificatimi of Phineus; Mag­dalen; LaCamartjo; Mnte de PoJnpa^onr ; Zouis XT.; Le Silence; Le Point dii Jour.

Neer, iEmout Van der (lCOS-1077), Holland: Winter Landscape; Moonlight Scene.

Necr, Eglon Van der (1643-1703), Holland: Lady with the Jioolc ; Cleopatra ; Tohit and the Angel; Esther and AJiamerits.

NeuviUe, AJphonse Maiie do (1836-1886), Franco: The Ji'ifth Batlalimi of Chasseurs at the Gcnais Batteru; The Attack in the Streets of Magenta by Zouaves and the Light Borse ; The Last Cartridges.

Oroagna, Andrea (1316P-1308?), Florence: Frescoes on three walls ol the Slrozzi Chapel; Last Judt/ment; St Zenohio Eiv-throned ; Marble tabernacle in Chapel of Or San Michele in Tloronce of combined reliefs, statuettes and mosaic.

Orchardson, Sit William Qaiilei (lS3S-igiO), Scotland: The Challenge; Christopher Sit/; Queen of the Steords; Conditional Meulralitij; Hard Hit; On Board the Bcll&rophtm ; Voltaire; Manage de Con-venance; A Tender Chord.

Orpen 289 Reni Oipen, Sir William (born 1878), Ireland:

•Son. Percy Wyndham; Myself and Yema ; 'i The Countess of Crawfori and Balcarres ; .iThe Passing of Ms Lordship; A Western iiWedding; Lady Bonham Carter; M. ' Clemenceau; The Chef.

Ostade, Adrian Van (1C10-1G85), Holland: [The Bagpiper; liusties in. a Tavern; Village School; Tavern Courtyard; The

, Village Street; The SMtile Players. Ostade, Isaac Van (1631-1049), HoUand:

Laughing Boor with a Pot of Beer; Boor •'Stealing a Eissfroma Woman.

Overlieek, Johann Friedrich (1789-1809), jQcrmany: Seven Years of Pamine; Joseph jSold by his Brethren; Vision of St Francis; •Christ's Entry into Jerusalem; The ' Triumph of Religion in the ArU.

Pannigiano, Francesco (1504-1540), Italy: I Visio?t of Si Jerome; Madonna and Child .with Margaret and other- Saints; Cupid Mal'ing a Bow ; Amerigo Vespucci.

Parsons, AUred 0847-1920), England: ' When, Nature Painted All Things Qay; jUus-;trationi3 of Site Stoops to Conq^ier, Ilerrick'B ,'Poems; and T!te Danube, from the Black , Forest to tile Black Sea.

Patinir, Joachim de (d. 1634 f), Flanders: •^The Baptism in Jordan.

Paton, SirJoseph Noel (1821-1901), Scotland: Quarrel of Oberon and Titania^ Rccon-

^\ciliation of Oberon and Titania,; Christ •Bearing the Cross; The Pursuit of Pleasure.

Perugino, Pietro (1446-1624), Perugia: The ,, Crucifiinon; The Archangel Michael; The '•] Madonna Adoring; The Archangel Raphael '\and Tobias; Delivery of the Keys to St '' Peter; Gethsemane.

Pesellino, Francesco (di Stelano) (1422-1457), j Florence : Madonna, Child, and Saints.

Peters, Rev. Matthew William ( 1814), •' JBngland: A Boy and a Girl.

Pheidlaa (about 600-432 B.C.), Greece: I Sculptures of The 'Parthenon and the .•Propyltsa; Zeus; Athene; Aphrodite.

Pintnricchio, Bernardino di Biaggio (1464-! 1513), Siena : A Young Knight Kneeling ; '• A Knight of Rhodes; Christ Disputing : with the Doctors; Life of Pius II.; Christ

Bearing the Cross. Pisanidlo, Vittore Pisano (1380 P-1466), .. Verona : The Vision of St Eustace.

Pisano, Niocola (1206 ?-1278), Italy : Belief ] of Deposilion from the Cross. Pulpit at ,1 Siena overloaded with reliefs and statuettes ;'including panel-reliefs of The nativity; ', The Adoration of the Magi; The Presenta­

tion in the Temple; The Crucifixion; The Doom; The Area di San Domemco; Fountain at Perugia. Architect of the Cathedral at Pistoia, and other Buildings.

PoUaiuolo, Antonio (1429-1498), Plorence:

Martyrdom of St Sebastian; sculpture and medals,

Polycletus (5th century B.C.), Grefit sculptor. Potter, Paul (1036-1051), Holland: Young

Bull; The Dairy Farm. Ponsain, Nicolas (1694^1665), Prance : Death

of Germanicus; Triumphs of Flora; Massacre of the Innocents; Seven Sacra­ments (series); Last Supper; Labours of Hercules (series); Triumph of Truth; Diogenes Throwing away his Scoop; Vision of St Paul; Holy Family; Triumph of Pan ; Sacrifice of Abraham.

Poynter, Sir Edward John (1836-1919), Eng­land: Faithfulunto Death; The Catapult.

Praxiteles (about 400-320 B.C.), Greece: Sculptured group, Hermes Carrying the Boy Dicmysns; Apollo; Aphrodite.

Predis, Amhrogio di (15th-lGth centuries), Italy: Beatrice d'Este.

Puvis de Chavannes, Piene Ceoile (1824-1898), Prance: La Paix; La Oiierre; Le Travail; Le Repos; Automne; La Nuit ; La Vigilance; Marseille, Port de VOrient; Charles Martel; Sc^es de la Vie de Ste Getieiih'e; Pro Patria Ludus; Vision Antique; Inspiration Ghrkienne.

Q Quesnel, Francois (1544?-1G19), Trance:

Lady of the Court of Mary Queen of Scots.

B Eaehum, Sir Henry (1766-1823), Scotland:

A Boy -with a Rabbit; Mrs Scott Moncrieff; The Leslie Boy; Mrs Lauzun; Sir Walter Scott.

Eamsay, Allan (1713-1784), Scotland : Duke of Argyll; Lady Mary Coke; Mrs Allan Ramsay.

Raphael, Sanzio (1483-1620), Italy: The MadonnainiheMeadow; The Crucifixion; Madonna delta Colonna; Madonna della Tenda; St George icith the Garter; The Sistine Madonna; Madonna and Child; Madonna Granduca ; Maddalcnxi Strozzi; Madonna della Sedia; Tlie Transfigura­tion.

Eemhrandt van Ryn Harmensz''(l606-iee9), Holland: The Old Soldier; Samson m Prison; Presentation in the Temple; Simeon in the Temple; Marriage of Samson; Flight of the Angel; Night Watch; Good Samaritan; Winter Scene; Repose of the Holy Family; John the Baptist Preaching in the Wilderness; Jacob Blessing the Sons of Joseph ; Lesson in Anatomy; Jewish Bride; many Por­traits.

Keni, Guido (1575-1642), Bologna: The Youth of the Virgin.

Rethel 290 Teniers Eethel, AUred (1810-1859), Geimauy: The

Crossing of the Alps by Uamiibal (series); CImrlemagne frescoes; Nemesis rursuing a Murderer; Death tlte Avenger; Death the Friend; Dame of Death; St Boniface.

EesnolOs, Sii Joslma (1723-1792), England: The Holy Family; Viscount AUhorp; Giorgima, Countess Spencer, and Daughter; Lavinia Bingham, afterwards Countess Spencer; The Age of Innocence; Hiss Ridge; The Young Shepherd; The Fortune Teller; Hiss Bowles; Mrs Richard ZIoarc uilh her Infant Son.

Eibera,Grasepii6 (1588-1050), Spain: Jacob's Ladder; Martvrdmn of St Bartholomew; Descent from the Cross; St Januarius Emerging from the Furnace; Adoration of the S/iephcrds.

Richmond, Qsotge (1S09-189O), England: Elizabeth Fry.

Eoteiti, Ercoie de (IHO ?-149(i), Italy : The Israelites Galliering Manna.

Ronmey, Geoige (1734 -1802), England: Lady Hamilton, with a Goat; Serena Reading; Mrs Taylor; Madame de Genli^; Mrs Robinson (Ferditai); Lady Hamilton; Mirth and Melancholy; The Infant Shakespeare.

Rosa, Salvator (1015-1673), Naples : Battle-piece ; PythoAjoras and the FisJicrmen; The Oath of Catiline; Saul and the Witch of EndoT.

Rosselli, Cosimo (1439-1307), Horenco: Picture of procession wliicli inclndes Pico of ILii-andola; Saiiits Barbara, Matthew and the Baptist; Massacre of the Innocents.

Eossellino, Antonio (1427-1479): Sculp­tured tomb of Cardinal Prince of Portugal; Medallion relief of Virgin Adoring.

Eossellino, Bernardo (1409-1464): Eellefs of St Stephen and the Assumption; Por­trait in relief of the physicaia Giovanni da S, Miniato.

Bo23etti,DanteGabrieia83S-18S2),Englind: The Girlhood of ilary Virgin; Ecce Ancilla Domini; The Laboratory; Giotto Fainting Dante's Portrait; The Bride; The Bdoved; Beata Beatrix; Proserpina in Eades; Dante's Dream.

Eousseao, Pierre fitienne Hidodore (1812-18671,l-Yanco: LaDescentedesVaches; The Chestnut Avenue; The Marsh m the Landes; Hoar Frost; Ttie Edge of the Forest; A Glade in the Forest of Fonlainebleau.

Bnbens, Sir Pete Paul (1577-lClO), Ger-niany: Fmitfidness; The Painter's Sons ; Ueraclitus ; Democritus ; Baptism of our Lord; TJie Circumcision; Virgin in a Glory of Angels ; Raising of the Cross; Descent from the Cross; Series of 24 pietareg illustrating the life of Marie de Medici; Triumph of Henry IV,; As­sumption of the Virgin; Massacre of the Innocents; The Blessings of Peace; Helena Fourment; Martyrdom of St Peter ; Martyrdom of St Thomas; Judgment of Paris.

Rnysdael, Jacob van (1028 or 10M-16S2), Holland: The Chace; The Oaks; The Shore at Scheveningm; The Waterfall.

Sacchi, Andrea aeOOf-lCOl), Italy: St Rommld Relating his Vision to Fire Monls of his Order; Miracle of St Gregory; Death of St Amia,

Sargent, John Singer(1850-1923), America; Carmencita; Coventry Palmore; Camu-lion, Lily, Lily, Rose.

Saito, Afldiea del (1*87-1531), riorenec: Madonna del Sacco.

ScbeSer, Ary (1795-185S), Holland: Margaret at her Wheel; Margaret at the Well; Francesca da Rimini.

Sohongauer, Martin (1443 P-149J.), i Jermany: Altar-piece in Church of St Martin at Colmar: David with Goliath's Head; The Wise and Foolish Virgins.

Soopas (about 400-320 B.C.), Greece; scuUi-tor and arehitect: Heads of Horcnhs, Atalanta and two Warriors (hehaeted).

Signoielli, Lnca (1413?-1534), Italy: School of Pan; Frescoes such H? Acts of Moses, Moses and Zipporuh, Paradise, Eternal Destiny of Man, Hell; Baptism of Christy

Snyderg, Franz (1579-1057), Holland : Stag Hunt; pictures of Uowcri^, auit and animals. "

Solomon, Solomon Joseph (boiv ISOO), England : Sa7nson and Ddilah ; I'ortrails.

Steen, Jan (1020-1079), Holland : Yoiith or Aget

Stevens, Alfred (1818-1875), Kugland; sculptor: Wellhyjtmi Monument^ Intended for St Paul's Cathedral.

Stone, Marcus (1810-1921), 'Englai d: Illus­trated books by Charl&i Dickens Anthony TroUope, etc.

Stuart, Gilbert (1765-1828): 0,o,ge Wash­ington.

Suarai, Bartolommeo (145S?-162ii V), Lom-bardy: The Youthful Sforza Reading Cicero.

Suttermang, Justus (1697-1081), j'landers: A Prince of Denmark.

Teniers, David (1582-1019), Flanders: Works of Clutrity; Vcrlimnue and Pomona; Juno, Jupiter, and lo; Play­ing at Bowls; Conversation; Rocky Landscape; The Temptation of St Anthony.

Tenieifl, David, the Younger (1610-1090), Flanders; The Prodigal Son; Topers; The Five Senses; Meeting of the Civic Guards ; The Village Fete.

Teniers 291 Vivarini Teniers, Davifl, sou of David the Younger

(d. 1G85), inlanders; tSt Dominic Kneeling ' before the Blessed Virgin.

Tenniel, Sir John (1820-1914), England: An ^Allegory of Justice j Dropphig the Pilot (I'unch); Illustrations of ^sop's Fables; Lalla Mookh; Alice in Wonderlatid; The Arabian JViglits, etc.

Terborch, Gerard (1G17-1631), Holland: , 'Helena van der SchalJce; The Letter; The

Concert; The Glass of Lemonade; Ralifica^ tion of the Treaty of Peace,

Th'ornycroft, Sir William Eamo (born 1850), England; scnlptor; Warrior Bearing a Woimded Youth from the Meld of Battle; Lot's Wife J Artemis; Tciicer; Dean Colet; Kiiig Alfred; Gladstone Momt-ment; The Kiss.

Tborwalflsen, Bertel (1770-1844), Denmark ; BGulptor: Christ and the Twelve Apostles; Bj/ing Lion; TJte Three Graces; MgM; Morning.

Tiepolo, Giovanni Battista (1692-1769), Yeuico; Beposition from the Cross; Esther at the Throne of Ahasuerus; Marriage of Marie de Medici; Christ and the Adulteress.

Tintoretto, Jacopo Robusti (1518-1594), Venice: Adam and Eve; Beath of Abel; Worship of the Golden Calf; Fresentalion of the Virgin in the Temple; Last Judg­ment; Miracle of the Slave; Crucifixion; Paradise.

Titian, Tiziano Vecellio (1477-1576), Tenice: Christ Carrying the Cross; Sacred and Profane Love\ The Tribute Money; The Three Ages; Worship of Venus; Assumption of the Virgin; Bacchus and Ariadne; Bntmiibmeiit of Christ; The Magdalene; St Peter Martyr; many Por­trait's.

Tuke,'Henry Scott (born 1858), England: Bathers; Ptdly- Uauly.

Turner. Joseph Mallord William (1775-1851), England: View of . the Archbishop's Palace, Lambeth; Canterbury Cathedral; Malvern Abbey; Tinicm Abberj; Lincoln Cathedral; Peterborough Cathedral; Ship-wreck; Fithing Boats in a Sgiiall; Sun Rising through Vapour; Ulysses ; Childe Harold's Pilgrimage; The Golden Bough; The Fighting Temeraire; Bridge of Sighs; Peace; Burial at Sea.

V Vandyke (or Van Dyck), Sir Anthony (1599-

1641), Flanders: William of Orange and Mary Stuart as Children; The Lamenta­tion over Christ; Vandyke with a Sun-floicer; The Virgin, Child and St Cather­ine ; The Marchesa Balbi ; Rinaldo and Armida; Queen Henrietta Maria; The Tialbi Children; Mrs Kirke; Portrait of Francesco Moncada; Elizaheth and Phila'

delphia Wliarton ; Philip, Lord Wharton ; Portrait of Himself as a Young Man; Prince Carl Louis of Bavaria; The Crucifixion; Prince Ruprechf, Bavaria; The Holy Family; Maria. Louisa de Tassis; Charles / . vMh his Equerry.

Vanloo, Charles Andrew (1705-1765), France: Marriage of the Virgin.

Vanloo, John Baptist (16S4-1745), Franc^e : Scourging of Christ; Colley Cibber; Owen McSwiney; Sir Robert WaXpole.

Vasari, Giorgio (1512-3 574), Italy; painter, architect and art-historian: Wrote Lives of famous artists.

Veflder, Elihu (born 1830), America: Lair of the Sea Serpent; Young Marsyas; Genii and Fisherman.

Velasquez, Diego Rodriguez de Silva y (1599-IGGO), Spain: The Infanta Margarita Teresa (in red); TheInfantain Green; Crucifixion; Christ at the Column; Breakfast ; Musicians; Portrait of His Wife; The Water Carrier; St John in the Desert; The Topers; Tlie Forge of Vidcan; Joseph's Coat; Bon Baltazar Carlos; full-length, and equestrian portraits of Olivares; Captain BartolommcSus Borro; Venus and Cupid.

Velde. Adrian Van do (1035 or 1038-1672), Holland: Descent from the Cross ; Land­scapes of pasture-land, and winter scenes

Velde, William Van de (1633-1707), Holland: View oil coasfc of Holland ^'Ith Dutch shipping.

Vernet, Claude-Joseph (1714-1789), Prance: Views of seaports, storms, calms, and moonlight scenes. (Two brothers ako achicYcd fame as artists.)

Veronese, Paul (1528-1588), Verona: S, Helena's Vision of the True Cross; Marriage in Cana; Feast in the House of Ijevi.

Verrocchio, Andrea del (1435-1488), Florence: Baptism of Christ; Tobias and the Angel (attributed) ; Marble Medallion of the Madonna; Sculptured Tomb of Giovanni and Piero di Medici; Bronze Statue of David; The Unbelief of St Thomas (bronze group); Bronze Eques­trian Statue of Bartolommeo CoUcom.

Vierge, Daniel (1851-1904), Spain: The Shooting in the Rue de la Paix; The Ijoan; Christmas in Spain;' The Re­publican Meeting in Trafalgar Square; Brigandage in Sicili/ ; The Bull Fight.

Vinci, Leonardo Da (1452-1519), Italy: Mono. Lisa; The Last Supper. (Attri­buted to him)—TJie Head of Christ; Ginevra Benci; The Annunciation; Two Angels; Madonna Litta; TJie Virgin of the Rocks; St John.,

Vivaxini, Antonio (IL 1449-1470), Venice: Virgin Enthroned with the Four Doctors of the Church; Coronation of the Virgin ; Sts Peter and Jerome.

Vivarini, Bartolommeo (d. 1450-1499),

Vivarini 292 Beethoven Venice: Altar-piece in nine divisions, of St Augustine and otiier Saints.

Vivarini, Luigi (l-l-lG ?-1502 ?), Venice: Scuola di 8. Girolamo: Portraits.

w WaUter, Freaerick a840-1876), England:

Spring; Philip in Church; The Old Oato; Ths Bathers; The Yagranls; Tlie PUmih; Poster for WilMa Collins' Woman in White.

Watt, Fiddes (bom 1873), Scotland: Portraits.

Watteau, Antoine (168t-I721), Franco: Lei;on d^Amour; The Cmn'p Fire; The Einbarkment for Cythera; The Seasons; Fite ChamiiStre; Rustic Amusements; Return from the Chase; The Music Parti/ ; A Lady at her Toiht; Harlequin and Columbine; Anliope; Indifference; La, Finate; The False Step.

Watts, George Frederick (1817-1901), England: Sir Oalahad; St George Over­comes the Dragon; Mammon; Jonah; Court of Death; Love and Death; Love Triumphant; The Dtceller in the Inner­most,

Webster, Thomas (1800-1886), England : Mrs Robinson and Family; Going into School, or The Truant ; The Dame's School,

Weenix, Jan(1640-1719), Holland: Hunting Scenes; Dead Gams and a Dog.

Weenix, Jan Baptist (1621-1660), Holland: Jacob and Esau; Ilunting Scene; Land­scapes, ruins, seaports, dead game.

West, Benjamin (1738-1820), England (bora in Pennsylvania): Death of Wolfe.

Weyden, Roger Van det (1399 9-1464), France: S, Luke Drawing the Virgin; Triptychs o£ the God of Pity, of the Magi, and of the Cruclfaim; T!te Joys and Sorrows of Mary; The Life of John the Baptist; Annunciation; Adoration; Presentation,

Whistler, James Abbott McNeUl (lSr,.4-l903^, America: Thomas Oarlyle; Portrait of the Artist's MotJier ; Nocturne; Zaandam ; Sarasate; LnAn Archibald Campbell; Little Rose of Lyme Regis; The Music Boom; White Girl; Connie Gilchrist.

Wilkie, Sir David (1785-1841), Scotland: Ceres in Search of Proserpine; Diana ami Calisto; Village Politicians; Pitlessie Fair; Blind Fiddler; Alfred in the Neailierd's Cottage; Village Festival; Letter of Introduction; Chelsea Pensioners Reading the Gazette of the Battle of Waterloo; Bridt's Toilet; Preaching of John Knox before the Lords of the Congregation,

Wilson, Richard (1714-1782), England: A Landscape; Niobe.

Wouwerman, Philips (1619-166R), Holland: Cavalry battle-pieces; hunting and hawk­ing parties.

Wyllie, William Lionel (bora 18B1), England: Spanish Armada: The Pool of LoJidon,

z Zeusis (d. 396 B.O.), Greece: Penelope;

Helen.

GREAT COMPOSERS

Arcadelt, Jacob (1514 ?-1560 ?), Netherlands: Ave Maria; Madrigals.

Ame, Thomas Augustine (1710-1778), Eng­land : Operas—Rosatnond^ Slim,, etc. ; The Masque of Alfred (containing Rule Britannia); Oratorios; Songs — Where tfie Bee Sticks^ etc.

Anlier, Daniel Franjois Esprit (1782-1S71), Prance: Operad—La Bcrg^re Chdtelaine^ La Mitette de Portici (Masaniello), Fra Biavolo, Le Domino Noir, etc.; Con­certos ; Masses, etc.

Bach, Johann Sebastian (1085-1750), Ger­many : Clnirch Music; Church Cantatas (short oratorios); Wedding Cantatas;

and choruses ; Bistruniontal

Music; Sonatas; Preludes; Fugues; Duets; Overtufes; also Vocal Music.

Bach, Karl PhiUpp Emanuel (1714^1788), Germany: Sonatas and concerted pieces ; The Magnificat; - GantatJis ; Songs; Oratorios; Litanies.

Balfe, Michael William a808-X870), Ireland: Operas—Siege of Rocliclle^ The Maid of ArtoiSj Catherine Grey, Joan of Arc, Fahtaff, Amelia, or The Love Test, Keola7ithe, Tfie Bohemian Girl, The Daughter of St Mark, The Enchantress^ The Sicilian Bride, Tlie Rose of Castile, Satanclla, Bianca, The Puritan's Daughter, The Armourer of Nantes, Blanche de Severs, and others; perhaps best JaiOTm song Killamcy.

Beethoven, Ludwig Van (1770-1827), Ger­many : Sonatas for pianoforte, violin or 'cello; pianoforte and string Trios and Quartets; Concertos; Quintets; Lconore (opera) ; Symphonies : Eroica Symphony ; Sonatas—The Ercutzer and Les AdieuXt

Bellini 293 Flotow Vabsence ethretmtr; Overture—£pmo7i(; Prometheus (ballet); Scottisli Songs.

Bellini, Vincenzo (1802-1835), Sicily: , Operas — II Firata, La Sonnambiila,

Norma, I Puritani, etc. Benedict, Sir Julius (1804-1885), Germany , (settled in England): OpeTas—Gipsy's . Warning, Brides of Venice, Crusaders,

Liljf of Killamey, and others; Oratorio— 'I &i Peter; Cantatas and Sympboni^.

•Bennett, Sir William Stemdale (1816-1875), England: Cantatas—TJie May Queen,

' The Woman of Samaria,» Songs, etc. Berlioz, Hector (1803-1869), ]?rance: Sym-;i -phomes—Episode de la Vie d'un Artiste, ,' £e Petonr d la Vie, Harold en IlaJie, 1 Punkbrcet Triompltale, Rom&o et Jnliclte; i Opera—Benvenuto Cellini j Requiem; Tc . Peiim; Oratoiio—Z''Snfance du Christ; I Cantata — La Damnation de Faust; 'i Other "^oriis—Beatrice eS Benedict, Les 1 Troyens.

Bizet, Georges(1838-1875),France: Cantata ^ —Claris ct Clotitde; Operetta—Docleur

Miracle; Operas—Les Picheurs de Perles, I Za Jolie Ftlle de Perth, Carmen, Pjamileh, ;• V ArUsicnne.

Blow, John (1648-1708), England: "Writer of

; Hymns and Anthems. Brahms, Johannes (1833-1897), Germany :

.'German Requiem; Trivmphslied; Sym--phonies ; Serenades ; Concertos ; Over-;itures; Sonatas; Ballads; Rhaxsodies; ^ Chorale-prelude and Fugue; Hungarian ,'Dances.

Buok, Dudley (1839-1909), United States: Cantatas— Golden Legend, Light of Asia; PjQras—Serapis, and Deseret; Symphonic ' Overture—Marmion,

Byrd, William (1543-1033), England : "Writer •pi Songs, iladrigals, and Vii^inal Music

Cavaliere, Emilio del (1550-1602), Italy : La liapprescnlazione di Anima e di Corpo (Oratorio).

Chabrier, Alexis Emmanuel (1841-1894), I'Yance : Operas^ L' Jitttile, Gwe?idoline, Le Roi Mcdgr^ Ltd, Brisks; Rhapsody Espafia, and Piano Pieces.

Charpentier, Gustave (born 1860), France: impressions Fausses, Impressions d'ltalie, La Vie du Pohte, Chant d'ApothSose pour le Centenaire de Victor Il-ugo; Operas— Louise, and Jtilien.

Chemhini, Maria Luigi Carlo Zenobio Salvatore (1760-1842), Italy: Operas—/! Qm'nto FaMo, D^mophon, Lodoiska^ JSHse, Media, Les Deux Joiimdes, Anacreon, and others; Ma^ Bequiems, and Quartets.

Chopin, Fr a ric Francois (1809-1849), Poland: Polish Fantasia; Krakoiciak (concerto-rondo); Polonaisffi; Mazurkas; Sonata—Allegro de Concert; Preludes ;

Ballades ; Scherzos ; "Waltzes; Songs; Nocturnes; and a Funeral March.

Cimarosa, Domenico (1749-1801), Italy: CJomic Operas—Le Straxagame del Conte, Le Pazzie di Stellidav^a e di Zoroastro, L'ltaliana in Londra, 11 Mairimonio Segreto, etc.; Operas—Assalone, La Giuditta, 11 JSacrificio d'Abramo, etc.

Costa, Sir Michael (180S-1S84), Italy (settled in England): Oratorios—LU, Naaman; Operas; Ballets; etc

Couperin, Frangois (1608-1733), France: Suites of Dance Music.

Cowen, Frederic Hymen (born 1852), Jamaica (England): Operettas—Garibaldi, One Too Many: Operas—Pauline, Thorgrim^ Signa, Heboid; Oratorios—The Deluge, St Ursula, Ruth, Song of Thanksgiving, The Transfiguration; Cantatas — T/te Rose Maiden, The Corsair ,* Fantasia for Orchestra and Pianoforte.

Debussy, Claude Achille (1862-1918), France: Cantata—L'' Enfaiit Prodigiie; Printemps ,* La Damoiselle Elite; Prilude d Vaprks-midi d'un Faune; PelUas et MUisande; Trois Nocturnes; Files Galantcs; La Mer, etc.

Delibes, Clfiment PhiUbeit L6o a836-1891), France: Comic Opera—Le Roi I'a Bit, and others ; Ballet Music.

Donizetti, Gaetano (1797-1848), Italy: Operas—Anna Bol€na,_Lucia di Lammer-moor. La Fille du Rigiment, Lucrezia Borgia, La Favorita, etc.; Concerted Pieces.

Dussek, Johann Ludwig a761-1812), Bohemia: EUgie Earmmiiquc.

Dvorak, Anton (1841-1904), Bohemia Stabat Mater ,* Cantata—Spectre's Bride Symphony in D ; Operas ; Gipsy Songs Bohemian Dances, etc.

E Elgar, Sir Edward (born 18S7), BngJand:

Oratorios—Tlie Dream of Geronlita, ana The Apostles; the FroUsart; Overture— Scenes from the Saga of King Olaf; Song-cycle of Sea Pictures; land of Hope and Glory; First Symphony—Fablaff; 2nd Symphony in B flat; Carillons.

F Farrant, Richard (1530-1586), England:

Church Music; Anthems—Lord, for Thy tender mercy's sake, etc.

Field, John (1782-1837), Ireland: Nocturnes. Flotow, Friedrich, Freiherr von (I812-188S),

Germany; Operas—Le Naufrage de la

Grade 294 Palestr ina Midusc, Straddla, Martha, Jndm, la. Veute Orapin, J^'Ombre, etc.

G Gade, Niels Wilhelm (1S17-1890), Denmark:

Echoes of Ossian; The £arl Zing's Daughter; Synipliouies, etc.

Gluck, Christoph WiUibdd (\U^^l'i^T>, GermaBj: Operas—Orfto ed Enridice, Alceste^ Paris and Helena, Iphig6nie en Aulide, Annide, Jphig&nie en Taunde, and othe?s.

Gounod, Charles Frangois (1818-1893), France: Masse SolaincUg,; Operas— SaphOy La Nomie Sanglcmte, Le MMccin MalgrS Lui, Faust, Reinc de Saba, Ireiie^ La Colombc, Maid of Athens, Romeo et Juliette, etc; Mass of St CecUia; The Redemption; Mors ct Vita; Sacred Songs, etc.

Grieg, EdvardHagerup (1813-1907), Norwaj': Slusio to Ibseu's Peer Gynt; Aits Holbergs Zeit; Ichliehedich; Solvejg^s Lied; Bin Schwan; First aud Second Tiolin con­certos ; Numerous piauofoute pieces.

H Handel, George Frederick (1685-1759),

G-ernaany; Operas — Almira, Kcro, Fhrinda, Daphne, Rodrigo, Agrippina, Rinaldi, and many others; Oratorios— Saul, Israel in Egypt, Ode for St Cecilia^s Day, VAllegro, Messiah, Sa?7ison, Judas Maccabccus, Joshua, Solomon, etc.; among other music — Birthday Ode, Utrecht Te Dmra, Dettirigen Te Deum, Chandos Anthems, Esther, Acts and Galaxca.

Haydn, Franz Joseph (1732-1809), Austria : Masses and other Church Music; Ora­torios — Tobias, The Creation, The Seasons, and others; Quartets; Sym­phonies ; Le Midi, etc.; Sonatas; Operas, etc.

Herold, Loms Joseph Ferdinand (1791-1833), France; Operas—Les Kosi^res, Marie, Zampa, Le Prk axtx C'lercs, etc.

Hiller, Ferdinand (1811-18S5), Germany: Oratorios—Die Zcrsidmng von Jerusalem • and miscellaneous \yorli3.

HiUei, Johann Adam (1728-1804), Germany; Operettas—Tlie Jolly Gobbler, Love in the Country, The Village Barber^ etc.

Himmel, Frederick Henry (17fi5-181.1), Prussia: Opera—II Primo Navigators; Operetta—Fanchon ; Oratorio—Isaaco ; Te D&um; Cantatas-

Hununel, Johann Nepomuk (177S-1SS7), Austria: Compositions for the Piano­forte ; Concerti in A and B Minor; Sonalia in F sharp Minor, etc.; Cliamber Music; Septet, trios, etc Grand Masses ;

Leoncavallo. Eeggiero (1853-191^), Italy: Operas—Pagliacci, La Jioht^mc, it--.

Liszt, Franz (1S11-1SS6), Hant^.uy: Ora­torios—Ohristus, Die Legende xoa dcr Ileiligen Elizabeth; Masses; E'-quiem; Cantatas; Symphoni«^; Concerl'js ; etc.

LiiUy, Jean-Baptiste (? 1C3.V1C87), Italy; Operas—27i^icc, Anm'cte, elc. *, Miserere.

M Mascagni, Pietro (Ijorn 1863), Italy:

Gaialleria Rusticana: and other worJis. Massenet, Jnles (1812-1913), Inancc:

Operas—Do7i C/.sar de Bazan, Lcs Erinnyes, liolde Lahore, Jlerodiadc, MaJion, Lescaut, Esdarmonde, Panurge; Piano­forte and orclicstral pieces.

MendelBsohn-Baitholdy, Jakob Lndwis Felix (1809-1817), Germany: Oper,i — C«mfi-cho's Weddiiig; Incidental Jlusic to Sliakcspeare's Midsummfr-NighCs Dream; Concerto in E ; The Isles of Fingal; Concerto in G-Minor; Oratonos—-V? Paul, Elijah; Overtiu-cs—Mrhisine, Antigone, QSdipus Colonais, Athnlie; PcotcH ISym-pliony; Songs without Words; Spri-ng Song; and many other worfc .

Meyerbeer, Giacomo (1791-1864), Germany: Operas—il Crociato, Robert Ir Diable, Lcs UugnenoU, Ein FeWager in -^chhsien, Le Prophete, L'Etoile dti Kc-rd, Le

Pardon de Phennel^Dinorah), V Africaine. Monteverde, Claudio (156S-16i:ri, Italy:

itadrigals ; Operas — Arianna, Orfeo, Proserpina, Rapita.

Moscheles, Ignata (1791-1870), Bohemia: Twenty-four Etudes; (Jharactcristic-Studies.

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (1756-1791), Austria; Operas—Marriage of Figaro, Don Giovanni, The Ma^ic Flute, and others; Many Masses : Reqidem Mass ,• Ave Verum; Cantatas ; Symphonies; Fantasias; Serenade=i, and other mis­cellaneous 'U'ortB.

OfEenbach, Jacqaeg (ISJ 9-1880), Germany (•settled in I'riince): Opera boaHe and operetta: Le Mariage aux Lanum^s, La Fille d^Elezondo, Orphbe aux Enfcrs, La Belle JI&lHe, Barbc-Blene, La GrarUle Du-chesse, Madame Favait, etc.

Talestrfna, Giovanni Pierluigi di (1534-1591), Italy: Reformer of Church Mudic; Mass of Pope Marcellus^ and others.

Pergolese 295 "Wagner Pergolese, Giovanni Battista (1710-1736), I Italy: Oratorio — iSan Guglielmo;

Operett;i: Za Sina Padrona; Cantata— Orfia; SUibat ilatcr.

Peri, Jacopo (1561-1030?), Italy: Bapie I (lost); h'Euridice. Puccini, Giaoomo (born 185S), Italy:

Operas—La lioUme, Tosca, Madame Bunerjly, ani3 otliws.

Purcell, Henry (1Q58-1G93), England: _ Opera — DUo and /Eneas; Music ana

sonra for The Tempest, Dryden's King Arthur and Ijidian Queen, D'lJrfcy's Son Quixote, and otlin-;;; Cantatas; Glees; Catches, etc Best known by his Oliurch

R Rachmaninoff, Sergei Vasilievich (bom 1873),

Uuasia: Alcka; The Rock; Trio on the Death of TsdiaiJro'ireky; The Miser

. Knight • Francesca da Rimini; The Island of Death; Souata in D Minor ;

j The Bells ; Spring ; Prelude. Rossini, Gioacclnno Antonio (1793-18G6),

1 Italy : Operas—IM Pielra del Paragone, Tancrcdi, Sarbiere di Siviglia, Otdlo^ Cencrentola., La Gasza Ladra^ Mose in Bgitto^ La, Donna del Logo, Maometlo Secondo, Guillaume Tell^ and others; Stabat AfaicT,

Rulinstein, Anton Grigorovich (1S29-1894), Ruffiia: Dmitri Donslcol; Tom der Narr; JFeramors (Lalla Jioulch); NCTO; Ocean and "Dramatic Symphonies.

S Saint-SaSns, Clmrles CamiUe (1836-1021),

Prance: Operas—//rary VIII., Proser-•pine, Ascanio and others; Sacred Drama—

Samson ct Dcdila. Scailatti, Alessandro (1059-1723), Sicily:

Operas—Tctemaco, Marco Attilio Regolo, Grisddii, anti others; llasses and other Oliurch Music.

i Sohulert, Fiana Peter (1797-1828), Austria: Operas—^a;(S<»-/iarp, xllfonso and ISs-

1 irella, Fierahras, etc.; Masses in F and ' E flat; Songs—r/if? Erl King, ScMfers

Kl(uiclied, Hark.' Hark.' the Lari, Who is Sylvia? Scott's Lady of the Laie, and many others; Symphonies ; Sonatas ; etc.

Schumann, Robert Alexander (1810-1S6C), Qermany: Papiltons Fantasias; First Symphony in B flat, and othera ; Paradise and Uie Peri; Opera—Geneveia; Music to Manfred and Scenes from Goethe's Faicst; Overtures to Jidius Caisar, Hermann and Dorothea, etc.; Songs ; Quartets ; Trios ; and Pianoforte pieces.

•, Spohi, LuSmg (1781 -1850), Germany: Operas—Pausl, Jcssonda, Zemira und

Azor; Ontorion—Die Zetitm Singe (Last Judgment), Der Full Babtjhns, and others; Bie Wciheder i'dde and other symphonieb; Concertos; Sonatas ; Fantasias; Hondos, etc.

Sfcraoss, Richard (born ISOi), Germany: Macbeth; Son Juan; Gnnlram; Elektra; Salome.

Sullivan, Arfhur Seymour (18'13-1900), England : Comic Operas (in conjunction with W. S. Gilbert)—Soreerw, H.M.S Pinafore, Pirates of Penzance, Patience, lolantlte. Princess Ida, Mikado, Ruddigore, Ycomai of the Guard, and others; Cantata — Kenilwonh; Overtures — hi Menwriam, Marmion, Di Balls ; Oratorira —Tfie Prodigal Son, light of the World; also The Martgr of Antioch and The Golden Legend; Soug—The Lost Chord; Anthems, etc.

T Tallis, Thomas (about 1510-1585), England:

" Father" of linglish Church Mnslc; Anthenis, To Dcuma, llesponses, Motets, etc.

Thomas, Ambroise 0-811-1S9G), France: Operas—La Double Echelle, Mina, Betty, IJS Caid, LeSonged'iine S^'mt, Le Camaval de Yenise, Migywn, IJamkt, etc, ; Can­tatas ; Patb Songs, etc.

TschJUkowsky, Peter Hich (1840-1893), Eu^ia : Winter Day-Dreams; Overture— Romeo and Juliet; The LUtlc Shoes; Second Symphony; Tempest Fantasia; Concerto in B 3'lat ilinor; The Opri-schnik; Polish Sympliony ; Capriccio; 1S13 Overture; Maid of Orleans; Man­fred ; HamUt ; Ma'-.rppa; C'harodaU-a; Queen of Spades; lolantke; Sleeping Beauty; Casse-noisetie; Pathetic Sympathy.

Verfli, Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco (1313-1901), Italy : Operas—Ernani,, RigolettOj 11 Trovatare, La Traviaia, Les VSprts SicilicJincs, Simon Boccancgra, Vn Ballo in Maschera-, La For-'a dH Destino, Don Carlos, AUa, Otello, Falstaff; 'Requiem Mass-

w Wagner, Wilhelm Richard (1813-188S),

Saxony : Operas—Riciizi, Flying Dittch-many TannhCiuscr, Lohengrin, Rheingoldy Die Walliirn, Tristan und Isolde, Die Meistcrsinger (comic), Siegfried, GoUer-dujmnerung, Parsifal. The Jiibelnngm Ring Trilogy con- -ists of Rheingold (Introduction), Walkilre, Siegfried, and Coitcrddm merung.

Wallace 296 Fahrenheit Wallase, WilUam Vincent (181'S-18G5),

Ireland (Scottish parents): Operas— Maritam, Matilda of Ilungary, Lmline, The Amber WUcli, Love's Triumph, The Desert Flower,

Weber, Carl Maria Friedrich Ernest von (1786-1826), Germany (Austrian parent­

age) : Peter SdunoU mid seine Nachiam ; DcT Bcherrscher der Ocister; Abu Hassan ; Kampf und 8ieg; Euryanthe; Obcron; Preciosa; Der Freischitti; Concsrtstitck in F Minor; Kasses; Symplionies; Cantatas, eto.

GREAT SCIENTISTS

Agassiz, Jean Louis Roaolphe (1807-1873), United States (born in Switzerland). Naturalist: upheld the " Centres of Creation " theory—Anti-Darwinian.

Ampdre, Aaiii Marie (1775-1830), France. Physicist and Mathematician : noted for his investigations in Electricity and Mag­netism and Electro-Dynamics.

Arsgo, lianfois Jean Dominiiiue (1786-1853), France. Astronomer and Physi­cist : discovered the phenomenon ot rotatory magnetism,

Archimedes (287-213 B.o.), Syracuse. Mathematician and Inventor: laid down theorems on thft meas.urem.'eikt oi curved surfaces and solids. Investigated Me­chanics and Hydrostatics. Invented the Archimedes Screw,

Avcgadro, Amadeo (1776-1836), Italy. Physicist: formulated what is known as Avogadro's Hypothesis in connection with the Atomic Theory,

Black, Joseph (1728-1799), Scotland. Chemist: pioneer in scientific method; evolved the theory of latent heat.

Boyle, Hon. Rolert (1627-1691), Ireland. Chemist and Natural Philosopher: dis­covered what is known in pneumatics as Boyle's Law,

Brahi, Tycho (1546-1601), Sweden. As­tronomer : measured the positions and motions of the celestial bodies.

Bunsen, Holeit Wilhelm (1811-1899), Oer-many. Chemist and Physicist: dis­covered Spectrum Analysis, invented the Magn^um Light and the Bunseti Burner.

CavendiBh, Hon. Henry (1731-1810), Bng-land. Natural Philosopher: pioneer in pneumatic chemistry. Discovered the composition of water,

Copsmlcaa (Koppemigk) Hioolag (1173-1513), Prussia. Astronomer: established

. the fact that the sun ia the centre of the planetary system.

CrookM, Sir William (1832-1919), England, Physicist and Chemist: prepared the way for Incandescent Electric Lightuij; and invented the Eadiometer.

Corie, Keite (1859-1900), and his wife Marie Sklodowska (bom 1807), ITranee. Physicists: discoverers of Eadium.

Cuvier, Georges (1769-1832), France (bom in TVurtemberg). Naturalfet: estab­lished structural classification and eystem-atised comparative anatomy.

Dalton,John(17C6-1844),England. Chemist and Physicist: propounded the Atomic Theory,

Darwin, Charles Robert (1809-1882), Eng­land. if aturalisfc: expounded the theory of the Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection,

Davy, Sir Humphry (1778-1829), England. Chemist: discovered Sodium, Strontium, Calcium, Magn^nm and other metals, and invented the Davy safety lamp.

Dumas, Jean Baptiate AnM (1800-1884), France. Chemist: contributed to the Atomic Theory. Eeseardies in oi^nic chemistry,

E Einstein, Albert (born 1879), Germany.

Astronomer and Ph;^icist; elaboiatcd the Theory of Belafcivity, especially In relation to space, time and gravity,

EncKd ^about 300 B.O.), Greece. Mathe­matician; probably the founder of the iUustrioua mathematical school at Alex­andria, Wroto the Elements,

F FaJjie, Jean Henri (1823-1916), Franco. En­

tomologist and Physicist: noted for his study of the habits of Insects.

Fahrenheit, Gatriel Daniel (1686-1736), Ger­many, Natural Philosopher: noted for his improvements of the Thermometer and Barometer,

F a r a d a y 297 Lodsre Faraday, Michael (1791-1887), England.

Chemist and Natural Philosopher: noted ior researches in Chemistry and Elec­tricity.

Fourier, Jean Baptisle Joseph, Baion do (1708-1830), France. Mathematician and

.Scientist: mathematical eipositiou of ; the theory of heat.

Fresnel, Augostin Jean (1788-1827), France. Physicist: liis optical Investigations con-

. tributed to the establishment of the un-•dulatory theory of light.

G Galflei, Galileo (15G1-1G42), Italy. Scientist

and Astronomer: invented refracting telescope and discovered many facts .about the Sun, Moon, Planets and Stars,

Gay-Lussac, Louis Joseph (1778-I8i50), France. Chemist and Phj^clst: con­tributed to the Atomic Theoiy by formu­lating his law of volumes.

Geikie, Sir Archibald (1835-1924), Scotland. Geologist: the authority on G eology of Great Britain.

Geikie, James (1839-1916), Scotland. Geo­logist : ^ Tote standard work on the Great Ice Age in its Hclation to the Antiquity of Man.

Graham, Thomas (1805-1869), Scotland. Oliemist and Phj^icisfc: formulated the Law of DifEusion of Gases.

H Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich (1834-1919), Ger­

many. Naturalist: established the funda­mental law of Biogenesis.

Halley, Edmund (1056-1742), England. As­tronomer and Mathematician: researches on the orbits of the planets and comets.

Harvey, William (1578-1657), England. Physician and Surgeon; discovered the Circulation of the Blood.

Helmholt^ Hermann von (1821-1894), Ger­many. Physiologist and Scientist: one of the discoverers of the Law of the Con­servation of Energy,

Heischel. Sir William (1738-1822), England. Astronomer: established the system of the stars; discovered the planet Uranus.

Hertz, Heinrich • (1857-1894), Germany. Physicist: first ^ to demonstrate the existence of electric waves, -

Humboldt, Friedrich H. A., Baron von (1769-1859), Germany. Naturalist and Scien­tist : greatest work was the scientiflc result of his explorations in South America.

Huxley, ThomasHenry (1825-1895), England. Physiologist: among other noted worka he wrote The Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature.

Huygens, Christian (1629-1C93), Holland. Mathematician, Physicist, and Astron­omer: propounded and developed the Wave Theory of Light. Discovered Polar­isation.

Jenner, Edward (1749-1823), England, Physician: discovered the virtue of Vaccination.

Jonle, James Preseott (1818-1889), England. Physicist;; researches in thermo-dynamics. Determined the mechanical equivalent of heat. Experimental founder of the Theory of Conservation of Energy.

K Kelvin, William Thomson, Lord (1824-1907),

Scotland. Physicist; noted for his re­searches in Electricity and Thenno-Dynamics, and for theinyentlon of various electrical and other instruments, notably his sounding apparatus and compass.

Kepler, Johann (1571-1630), Germany. As­tronomer : discovered what are known as Kepler's Laws, governing the motions of the Planets.

Lamarck, Jean B. P. A. de Slonnet, Chevalier do (1744^-1829), France. Naturalist: ex­positor of the Theory of Evolution.

Laplace, Pierre Simon, Maraois de (1749-1827), France. Mathematician and As­tronomer ; established the fact that the Planetary Syscem is stable.

Lavoiflier, Antoine Laurent (1743-1794), France. Chemist: established the modern theory of combustion,

Leibnitz (Leibniz), Gottfried Wilhelm (1646-1716), Germany. Natural Philosopher: held that the essential quality of all substance is active force; disputed with Newton the discovery of the Differential Calculus. He was pioneer in the study of Comparative Philology,

Liebig, Justus, Baron von (1803-1873), Germany. Chemist: noted for his in­vestigations into the chemistiy of Food and Agriculture.

Linneeus, Carl (1707-1778), Sweden. Botanist: established the modern Grouping of Plants.

Lister, Joseph, Lord (l?27-191S), England. Surgeon: introduced the Antiseptic System of Surgery.

Lodge, Sir Oliver Joseph (bom 1851), England, Physicist: noted for researches in Lightning, Electricity and Wireless

Lyell 298 Youngf Telegraphy, and in tlie motions of the .Sthcr.

LyeU, Sir Charles (1797-1875), Scotland. Geologist: leader of the TJnHonnitarian School.

M Uatconi, Gugllelmo (bom 1874), Italy.

Physicist! conceived the idea of using Hertzian waves for telegraphy between two distant points. Pioneer of wireless telegraphy. In 1903 established a trans­atlantic wireless servfco from Glace Bay (Nova Scotia) to England.

Maxwell, James Clerk- (1831-18?'9), Scot­land. Katm-al Philosopher: noted for investigations in Electricity, Magnetism, Colour, and the Kinetic Theory of Gases.

Mendel, Gregor Johami a822-18M), Austria. Bio]ogL'5b: propounded the Tlieory of Heredity in Plants and Animals.

N Scotland. invented

Kapier, John (1550-lGlT), Mathematician and Inventor Logarithms.

Newton, Sir Isaac (1G42-1727), England. Natural Philosopher; discovered the Law of UniverEal Gravitation and the Differ­ential Calculus.

Oersted, Hans Cliristiau (1777-1S51), Den­mark. Physicist; " The father of the Bcicnce of electro-magnetism." The electric telejn-aph due to hid discoveries.

Ohm, Georg Simon (1787-1854), Gtermany. Physicist: discovered what is fenown as Ohm's Lawy relating to the mcE^urement of electric resistance.

Pasteur, Lonis(1822-1895), France. Ohemisb and Pathologist: noted for his bacfcerio-

' logical discoveries, and for his system of inoculation for hydrophobia, cholera and other diFcases.

Poisson, Simeon Denis (1781-1840), Franco. llatliematician and Scientist: cue of the chief founders of the science of mathe­matical physics,

Priestley, Joseph (1733-1804), England. Chemist and Physicist: discovered oxy­gen ; laid the foundation of pneumatic

' chemistry,

Ptolemy, Claudius (second century A.D.), Egypt. Most famous Geographer and Astronomer of Antiquity: his tiieorira (many of them entirely wrong) were regarded as authoritative until the middle of the IGth century.

B Ramsay, Sir William aS52-19l6), England.

Chemist and Physiciit: discoven.1 of the rare gases of the atmosphere.

Rayleigh, John William Stratt, Baron (1842-1919), England. Phy?ici^t: nottd for investigations in Sound and discovery of Argon.

R^amui, RenS Antoine Ferscbault de (1G83-1757), Fi-aucc. Physicist: noted for his invention of the Hearaur Thermometer.

Rdntgen, Wilhelm Conrad von (born 1845), Germany. Physicist: discovered the X or Bontgen Bays.

Rutherford, Sir Ernest (born 1871), Enfrland. Physicist and Chemist; researches on radio-active substances and atomic structure.

Scheele, Karl Wilhelm (1742-1786), Swcdtn. Cliemist: discovered osygeu indopond-ently of Priestley,

Simpson, Sir James Young (1811-1870). Scotland. Physician: discovered the ancesthetio powers of chloroform.

Torricdli, Evangelista (lGOS-1647), Italy. Mathematician and Physicist: invented the barometer. Laid the foundations of Ilydromechanies.

w Wallace, AlSred Rnasel 0822-1911), Bn^lancl.

Naturalist: independently of Darnin, originated the theory of organic Evolution on the principle of natural selection.

Werner, Abraham Gottlob (1760-1817), Germany. Geologist: was tlie first to establish a Classifloatiou of Rocia.

Young, Thomas (1773-lSSO), 33ngland. Physicist: discovered the plienomcnon of Interference of Light. Advanced the undulatory theory,

Africanus 209 Cartier

GREAT EXPLORERS

AlricanuSjI/eo (early lOth century). A Moor who travelled mdcly in Nortllern Africa

''and Ama Minor in the end oj the 16th century, and who published an account of •his travels.

Alvarez, Father Francisco (M6D f - i s i i ?), Portuguese. Went with an embassy to Abyssinia (15^0-20) and ivrote on account (the lirst) of the country.

Amundsen, Eoald (bom 1873), Norwegian l^olar explorer. Was the lirst to sail through the North-West Passage from Baffin Bay to the Pacific by north of Canada (190D). First to reach the South Pole (1911). Flew over the North Pole by aeroplane (1926).

Anson, George, Lord (1097-1702), English admiral. Sailed round the world (1740-41).

B Baffin, William (1581-1632), English navi­

gator. Voyaged to Greenland and Spitz-bergen (1612-14). While in search of a North-Wcst Passage discovered Smith Sound and explored Hudson Strait and Baffin Bay (1616).

Baker, Sir Samuel Wliito (1831-1893), African traveller. Explored the White Kile and discovered Lake Albert.

BaHoa, Vasco Nunez de (1175-1517), Spaniard. Crossed the Isthmus of Darien and discovered the I'acilic Ocean. Ob­tained first information respecting Peru.

Banks, Sir Joseph (1744-1820). Accompanied Cook in his voyage round the world. President of the Eoyal Society for forty years. Did more than any other man to promote the settlement of Australia.

Barents, WiJlem (died 1697), Dutch Arctic explorer. Made three voyages to find a Korth-East Passage by north of Asia to the East, but was unable to proceed farther than the north-east of Novaya Zemlya.

Earth, Hemrioh (1821-1866), German. African explorer. Travelled in Northern Africa and Asia JHnor. Daring 1850-58 was engaged in exploration of the Sahara.

Bass, Dr George, a navy surgeon. Sailed round Tasmania in 1798, thus proving it to be an island.

Bering, Vitus (1680-1741), Dane. Explored the north-east coast ot Asia and part o£ the western coast of jUaska. Proved the existence of open sea between Asia and North America.

Boagainville, Louis Antoine de (1729-1811), Frenchman. Made a voyage round the world (1700-69), the first undertaken by the French.

Bruce, James (1730-1791), Scotsman.

Travelled through Barbary States, Asia Minor and Abyssinia, and found the source of the Blue Nile.

Brace, Wm. Spiers (1867-1921), Scotsman, naturalist. Took part in "Challenger" Expedition (see Murray, Sir John), and in expeditions to the jVrctio and Antarctic regions. Headed the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition (1002-04) iind discovered Coats' Laud.

Burokhardt, John Lewis (178'1-1817), Swiss explorer. Travelled in Asia Minor and Syria, and, disguised as an Arab, made the pilgtimagG to Mecca (1814).

Burke, Robert O'Hara (1S20-1S01), Wills, William John (1834-18G1). Travcreed the Australian Conlinent from south to north (1861). Both perished on the return journey.

Bmrton, Sir Richard Francis (1821-189U), English traveller. Disguised as an Arab, journeyed through Arabia to Mecca (1851). In 1858, with J. H. Speke, discovered Lake Tanganyika. Afterwards travelled in Brazil, North America, Palestine and West Africa.

c Cabot, John (1-150-1498), a Venetian, settled

in England. Was commi^oned to find a route to Asia by the west. Discovered 0. Breton Isiaud, and coasting nortii dis­covered Nevi'foundland. In 1492 coasted BalEn Island, Labrador, iNova Scotia and Now England. Was the first to reach the North Aiierican Continent.

Cabot, Sebastian (1470-1557), son o£ above. Explored the Parana Biver in South America (1535). Birected an expedition (1553) to Gnd a Kortb-Easfc Passage to Cliina. Reached White Sea and was the means of opening up trade with B u s ^ .

Cameron, Verney Lovett (IS-ll-lSOi), African explorer. Started (1873) from Zanzibar to help Dr Livingstone and continued his journey to Bcuguella. First to cross Equiitorial Africa from sea to sea.

Cano, Juan Sebastian del (c. 1460-152G). Accompanied Magellan in his attempt to reach the East Indies by filing westwards, and with Magellan's expedition completed the first cii'cumnavigation of the globe.

Carteret, Philip (died 1796), EngUbh navi­gator. Undertook a voyage of explora­tion to the South Seas (1766-69). Dis­covered Pitcaim and other islands.

Cartier, Jacques (1491-1557), French navi­gator. Visited Newfoundland, discovered Anticosti, sailed up the St Lai Tence as far as Montreal. He made the first landing on Canadian soil at Esquimaus Bay in 1534.

Cavendish 300 Hawkins Cavendish, Sir Thomas (ISoS ?-i592), Buglisli

seaman. Led an expedition to the South Seas and circumnavigated the world (15S6-8S>.

Champlaini Samuel de (1567-1636), French CrOTcrnor of Canada. Explored the coasts of Canada, journeyed in the interior, dis­covered L. Champlain, and fouoded Quebec.

Chancellor, Richard (died 1556), English seaman. With Sir ICugh Willoughby tried to find a Korth-Easfe Passage to India. Eeached the "White Sea and journeyed overland to Moscow.

Clapperton, Hugh (1788-1827), Scotsman, Alrican explorer. Travelled through Cen­tral Sudan to L. Chad (1823) and Sokoto.

Columbus, Christopher (1^46 ?-1506). Gen­oese in the service of Spain. In 1492, under the patronage of Ferdinand and Isabella, sailed •westwards to find a sea route to India, and discovered the islands now ^known as the West Indi^. Hade three more voyages to the West Indira. In the last discovered Central America and Continent of South America.

Cook, James (1738-1773), IjngUsh navigator. Commanded a scientific expedition (1768-71) to Pacific. Explored Pacific Ocean and disproved the existence of a great southern continent. Discovered many islands, including ITew Caledonia and the Sandwich Islands. Traced the coasts of the North and South Islands of New Zealand and the east coast of Australia. In another voyage (1772-75) explored the Antarctic Ocean. In his last voyage (1776) discovered many islands in the Pacific, Was killed at Hawaii.

D Dampier, William (1652-1715), EngUsh navi­

gator. As a buccaneer circumnavigated the world. In 1699 explored the north­west coast of Australia, New Guinea, New Britain, etc. In one of his voyages Iiis sailing-master, Alexander SelMrk, the prototype of Kobinson Crusoe, was landed on Juan Fernandez and rescued on a subsequent voyage.

Davis, John (c. 1550-1605), English navi­gator. Sought for a North-West Passage to Asia. Discovered Davis Strait. Acted as pilot-major to the first fleet of the East India Company (1599).

Diaz, Bartholomeu(c. 1455-1500), Portuguese navigator. Was the first to discover and sail round the Cape of Good Hope (1486).

Drake, Sir Francis (1545-159G), Elizabethan adventurer. The iirst Englishman to sail the Pacific Ocean and to circumnavigate the world. Failed to find a northern passage from the Pacific to the Atlantic.

Da Chailla, Paul Belloni (1837-1903), Frcnch-man. African explorer. Made known

the existence of the gorlHa a'' a result ot his travels in the Gabun country. Dis­covered the dwarf races of Centrrl Africa.

E Bmiii Paaha (Edward Schnilzer) (1840-1892),

German Je^. Became GovGTRor oi Egyptian Sudan (1878). Mads extensive geograpliical discoveries in Central Africa. Was Mlled in battle with tlie Jlahdi.

Eyre, Edward John (1815-1001), Australian explorer. Tried to find an overlnnd route from South to West Austr.iiia, and succeeded in reaoliiug Albany. Dis­covered Lakes Eyre and Torrena.

F Flinders. Matthew (1774-1814), English

seaman. With Bass diKCoveied Tasmania to be an island (1798). Exp'orcd the coasts of Australm.

Forrest, John, Baron (1847-1918). Crossed the Australian Continent from Perth to Adelaide (1870). Made another expedi­tion into heart of Continent (1874).

Franklin, Sir John (178&-1847). Explored the northern coast of Canada (1819-33 and 1825-27). In 1815 sailed tia, Baffin Bay and Lancaster Sound to find a North­west Passage to the Pacific. Perished with whole of the expedition, • 'hich, however, had gained a point already reached from the west.

Fremont, John Charles (1813-1890), -ijnerican ** Pioneer." Discovered a route over Rocky Mountains to California (1844).

EVobisher, Sir Martin (1535-I59i), Eliza­bethan adventurer and navif^alor. Tried to find North-West Passage to India, Annexed country round Frobi-^her's Bay (Baffin Island).

G Gama, Vasco da (liG9-152i), Portugnese

navigator. Pirst to find Uie ronts to India by the Capo (1.197). In mbsecjuent voyages founded Portuguese colonies on west coast o£ Africa and in India.

Gilbert, Sir Humphiey (1539-1583), Eng-Jiali navigator. Ajmesed Newfoundland (1683).

Grant, James Augustus, C.B. (1837-1893). Explored the sources of the Kile (ISGO-63) along with J. H. Speie.

Greely, Adolnhug Washington (born ISM), American Arctic explorer. Led an ex­pedition to the head of Smith Sound (1881-84).

K Hakluyt, Richard (1553-1616), geographer

of the Elizabethan period. I^iblithcd an account of English voyagi-s and dis­coveries.

HawkiiiB, Sil EicliBrd (1662-16:2), English

Hudson 301 Orellana mvigdtor. Made an expedition (1593) to ,the South Seas.

Hudson, Henry (died lOll), English navi-giilor. Undertook three voyages in quest of a North-East Passage to China. Dis-coTered Hudson Hivor and Hudson Strait ' and Bay.

Humboldt, BHedrich Hdnrioh Alexander, , Baron von (1769-1859), German naturalist

, and scientist. Explored the course of the ,' Orinoco and made a journey of seientilio

' exploration in Equatorial America to the I sources of the Amazon and in Mexico

(1799-1801). Also travelled in Central , and Western Asia (1829).

JTenkinsoD, Anthony (fl. 10th century), Englishman. Travelled through Persia

' (16GI), Uus^ia, BoMiara, and returned by '' the Caspian and Volga.

K (Kaempfen, EngelbreoM (1651-1710), German.

Travelled in Persia, India, Java and '' Japan. Wrote a history of .Japan. : Krapl, Ludwig igth century). He and J.

Bebmann, missionaries in Africa, dis­covered liilimanjaro and Kenya (1848-

• 49).

La Conflamine, Charles Marie de (1701-1774), l?rench geographer. Explored the river Amazon.

Lancaster, Sir James (died 1618). JIado a voyage to the Indian Ocean (1591-94) which led to the founding of the East India Company. Afterwards promoted efforts for the disooveiy of a Horth-West Passage.

Lander, Richard (1804-1834), Englishman. -Travelled in West Africa. Along with his brother discovered the mouth of tho Biver Niger (I8S0).

La Ptonse, Francois (1741-1788 f), l?renoh explorer. Explored the north-west coast of North jVmerica (in search of a north­west passage), north-eastern coasts of Asia, discovered La Perouse Strait, and visited many of the Paoiljc Islands (1785-88).

Leichardt, Ludwig (1813-1848?), German. Australian explorer. Travelled overland from Sydney to the Gulf of Carpentaria (1844). On another expedition to the north-west (1847) was lost.

Lemaite, James (died 1G16), Dutch navi­gator. With Cornelius Schouten discovered the Strait of Lemaire and rounded Capo Horn.

Ljnschoten, Jan Hugen van (1663-1611), Butch travcUei'. Visited India, Africa, China and the Malay Archipelago, and wroto descriptions of these countries.

Livingstone, David (1813-1873), Scots mis­

sionary and explorer. One of tlie pioneers of exploration in Central Africa. Explored tho Biver Zambesi, and discovered tho Victoria Falls, Lakes Ngami and Nyasa. Crossed South Africa from Loando (west) to Qollimane (east). Did much for the suppression of slavery.

M M'Clintock, Sir Francis Leopold (1819-1907),

Arctic explorer. Commanded several Franklin relief espeditions. Eescued M'Oltire, and (1859) brought home authentic news of Franklin's death.

M'Ciuie, Sir Robert John le Mesurier (1807-1873). Took part in several Franklin relief expeditions. Was the first to traverse the Norfch-Wtsfc Passage from west to east (1850-54;).

Mackenzie, Sir Alexander (1755-1830), Canadian explorer. Discovered and ox-' plored the Mackenzie Kiver to its mouth in the Arctic Ocean.

Magellan, Ferdinand (1-170-1521), Portuguese in service of Spain. In vojago to find a western route to the East Indies dis­covered the Straits of Magellan (1520). Reached the Philippines, where he was killed. His expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe.

Mandeville, Sir John (Jehan de Hdandevillo) (14th century), name used by the com­piler of a French book of travels. Tho author pretends to have travelled over most of the then known world, but much of the book is pure invention.

Marrsy, Sir John (18<I1-19I4), Editor ol the Eeports on tho " Challenger " Scientific Es-pedition round the world (1872-76), which he accompanied as naturalist.

N Nachtigal, Gustav a834-1886). German ex­

plorer of the Central Sahara and Sudan a869-T4).

Niebuhr, Caisten (1733-1815). Danisli ex­plorer of parts of Arabia, Asia Elinor, Persia and India.

Nansea, Ds Fridtjol (born 1861), Korwegian scientist and esplorer. Crossed Green­land (1888) from east to west. Drifted across the Arctic Ocean in the FTa7n (1893-96).

Nordenakiold, Nils Adolf Eric, Baron (1832-1901), Swedish explorer. Made voyages of discovery round Spitsbergen (1858-72). First to navigate the iJ'orbh-Basfc Pas­sage by tho north of Europe and Asia (1878-79).

o Orellana, Francfeco de (died 1549). Spanish

explorer who followed the coui-se of the Amazon from its source to the sea (1511).

Park 302 Wills

Park, Mungo (1771-1806), Soottish explorer. In t«'0 journeys he traced the courfco of tlie Kiger for over a thousand miles and established the fact that i t was distinct irom the Oougo.

Parry, Sir William Eiwaid (1790-1855), English navigator. Made five voyages to the Arctic regions. Discovered many channels and islands, including Gonxwallis, Bathursb and Meh-ille Islands.

Peary, Rohett Edwin (185G-1920), American Arctic explorer. Discovered Crreenland to he an island. "Was the first to reach the North Polo (1909).

Polo, Marco (1254^1324). Venetian who with his lather and brother visited China in 1306. Marco Tolo speut many years there under Kublai Khan, and travelled throiighoafc Central Asia.

Q Quiros, Pedro Fernandez de (died IGU),

Spanish navigator. Along with Luis Yaez de Porres tried to find a continent in the Antarctic Ocean. Discovered several of the Uew Hebrides.

R Ealeigh, Sir Waiter (1862-l(il8), covu-ticr,

navigator and author. Sent out an ex-pedifciojn (15S4) wliich took possession of Virginia and attempted to colonise it. Sailed to Guiana (1595), explored the coasts of Trinidad and sailed up the Orinoco. In 1016 undertook an abortive voyage to Guiana in. search of gold.

Ross, Sir James Clark (1800-18G2), Polar explorer. Nephew of Sir John Boss. Discovered the north magnetic pole (1831). Made three voyages to the Antarctic (1839-43), Discovered Victoria land, and the Erebus and Terror volcanoes.

Ross, Sir John (1777-1856), Arctic explorer. Dtecovercd King 'WiUiani Land and Boothia Felix (1829).

Scoresby, WUliam (1789-1857), English navigator. Explored the east coast of Greenland (1832).

Soott, Captain Robert Falcon (1868-1912), Antarctic explorer. In 1901 led an ex­pedition to King Edward Land and in 1910 to Mellurdo Sound. Beached the South Pole (1912).

Seloua, Frederick Conrteney (born 1851), Enghshman. i?rom 1872 for over twenty years travelled South Centra! Africa and

- explored llashonaland and Matabeleland. Shaokleton, Sir Ernest Henry (lS7<!r-192a),

Polar explorer. TookpartinCapt. Scott's Antarctic expedition (1901). Organised three Antarctic expeditions, one of which

reached a point 97 milt«j irom the South. Pole.

Speke, John Banning (1827-1801), African explorer. Discovered Lako Tanganyika along with Richard Burton, and Lake Victoria, and explored the upper waters of the Nile.

Stanley, Sir Henry Morton (184;1-1904), American (born in TValcs). African ex­plorer. As correspondent of A'<K Tori Herald rescued Livingstone at Ujiji (1871), and with him explored north end of Lake Tanganyika. Explored Lakes Victoria and Albert and the Congo and journeyed through Central Africa (1874-78). Pounded the Congo Proe State (1879-84). Eescued Eroin Parha at -U Albert (1889).

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur (bom 1379), Gmsulian Arctic explorer and scientist. Conducted extensive explorations in Arctic regions north of Canada and is noted lor resi-archcs among the Eskimo.

Stuart, John M'Douall C1818-18G0), Austra­lian explorer. Explored round Ij. Torrens (1858). Crossed the Continent from .south to north (1860).

Start, Charles (f. 1800-1869), Australian ex­plorer, ilade several journeys Into the interior and through South Australia. Ex­plored the rivers Darling and liurray,

T Tasman, AM Jansen a00E-10S9), Dutch

navigator. Discovered Tasmania and New Zealand (1643) and the Pijiaud other islands in the Paciiio. Explored the x>asi> of New Guinea and the north and north­west coasts of Australia, (1644). \VM the first to demonstrate that AusttaUa wns an island.

Tones, Lnia Vaez de, Spanish navigator of 16th-17th centaries. Diatcrercd Torres Strait (ICOC), several islands of tlie Uew Hebrides and explored coasts of New Guinea.

V Vamb&y, Arminius (1832-1913), Hungarian

orientalist and traveller. Disguised as a dervish travelled through Turkestan to Samarkand (1862-6J).

Vancouver, George (1758-1798), EtgUsh Ff''i.-man. Surveyed the weitern coast c>l North America from Cape Mendocino northwards.

w Wilkes, Charles (1798-1877), American Ant-

aretie explorer. Was the first to sight tl e Antarctic continent (1840).

Willonghby, Sir Hugh (died 1654). Wth Bichard Chancellor tried to find a north­east piu-sage to China. Beached coast of Lapland, where he and his crew perished.

Wills, William John. Sra Bnrke.

Aachen 303 Zuider Zee

GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES WHICH ARE OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED

Aa'clien (aa=a as in father; ch as in Scottisli loch), Prussia.

Alergavenny (Abefgai'mj), Monmoiitli. A-con-ca'gua (giia=guia), Chile. Aix (aiks), France. A-iac'cio (jacfcio—yat'dw), Coi'sica. Ain'wick, JTortliumberlana. Aroh-au'gel (cli=lc, an=ain), Russia. Al-ma.'//i', Ireland. Ash-an'ti ( i=«) . West Alrica. AsU'by-de-Ia-Zouch (o«=oo), Leicester. A-then-ry', Ireland. A-tljy', Ireland. Badajoz (iW-a-/io«(/;, th as in the), Spain. Bal-li-na', llayo. Becli-u-an'a-land (c/i=te7i), South Alrica. Bel-£ast' (not Jiel'fase), Ireland.

• Bid'e-ford, Devon. Bloem'Son-tein ipe=oo). Orange I'ree

State. Boii-i-fa'cio (cio=isho), Corsica. Bruges Qlriizh), Belgium.. Bue'nos Ay'rea ixw=v:ai; Ay=l), Argen­

tina. Ba-sbire' (^Boo-sliec/), Pema. Ca'diz (ft=Oi," 2= (/i as in (/(f?), Spain. Caen (Kong), Prance. Cannes, France. Car-nous'tie ioit=oo\ Foriar. Cav'an (not Ca~va7i'), Ireland. Cet-iu'ie or Cet-ti'gne (Scl~tiii'ye), Monte­

negro. Ceuta (Thce-ot/ta), Morocco. Cha-mo-ni' (Sha'tnoo-nee'), Savoy. Chem'mtz(C7j=7;), Sasony. Ci-u-3ad' Rod-ri'go iThe-oo-dad', Rod-ree'go),

Spain. Civ'it-a Vee'chi-a (Ci= Cm \ ch=l:), Italy, Clwyd (.Xlot/jd), Wales. Cto'affA-pat'rick, Mayo. Czer'no-witz (Cz=rs/Oiltumania. Da-vds' (<?), Switzerland. DoI-ge'Ily (11=1 preceded by a sound some­

what like h), Merioneth. DoQ-e-gal' [a^^aw), Ireland. Drogheda (Ilraw'e-da), Ireland. Doubs (,Voob), France. Per-man'af/A, Ireland, Gal-way iGaivl'wai), Ireland. Gee'Iong (,G=J), Australia. Gras (C'rats), Austria. Guad-al-aui-vir' (qu=t, i=ce), Spain. Guay-a-(iiiil' (Qwl-a-keeV), Ecuador. Haward'cn, FlintshU-e.

Him-a'la-yas (but usage has practically established Him-a-lai/as), Asia.

HoogA'iy or Hug'li, river in India. I'da-lio, U.S.A. Il'iia-combe (combe—coom), Devon. Ja-en' ( / = / / ) , Spain. Jas'sy (J= I), Eumania. J6n-k6p-ing (TSn-chup'ing), Sweden. Keigli'ley (eigh=eelh), Torkshu-e. Kfl-ohum' (churii=Iioorn), ^U-gyllshii-e. Kil-la-Ioe' (oe=oo), Clare. Lad'o-ga, Eu.ssia. Lin'nha (jilic—nic), loch o£ Argyllshire. IdS-kcard', Cornwall. Uon-dud'no (ll=M, l(=i), Oamarvonshke. Llan-ell'y (nian-a-hly), Carmarthenshire. Llan-iwsf (Tltan-roobt'] Denbighshire. Maes'tticht (Maes— JUatis), >retheriand3. Mag-gio're (Uad-jo'rai), lake, Italy. Mer-i-on'eth [ih as in t/(e), IVales. Na'as (A'ai'as), Ireland. Naas (aa=ai), Sweden. THeagh (Nay), lough in Ireland. O-a-ma-rn', Kew Zealand. O'magA (somethncs 0-mag7i'), 'Tyrone. O'ma-ba, U.S.A. 0-man', Arabia. 0-ne'ga, llussia. OndIl(0!iid), India. Pon'di-cber-ii (ch=si), India. Port Sa'id (Sha'ecd), Egypt. Qui'to (Kce'to), Ecuador. Read'ing, Berkshire. Rbeiuia (Rangss), Franco. Saai'bruck (Sah/bruk), Prussia, St. Just (Joost), Cornwall. Sa-lo-ni'ka, anciently Thes-sa-lo-uica (!=«=•).•

Macedonia. San Jo's^ (Bo'mi), California. Scheldt (SteJf), Belgium. Se-at'tle, Washington. Slouffh, Bucidnghamshire. Slays (Slois), Netherlands. SBiee (Sprat/), Prussia. S^a-base' (bane=bahn), Tyrone. Teifl (Teo'-i), Wales. Ttond'hiem (hjem=iiem), Norway. Ver-sa'i7Zes, France. V&lliiAal'li(Val-yad-o-lee<r), Spain. Worcester (ffoos'ln-), England. Yen-i-se'i (se'i=zai'ee), Siberia. Youghal (Yawl), co. Cork. ZaragDza (Thar-a-gcftha ; (A as in the), Spahi. Zui'der Zee (Zoi'der Zai), Netherlands.

Ambassador 304 Viscount

FOKMS OF ADDRESS Amtaaaador.—His Bxcellenoy

letters " My Lord " or " Sir " aooordlog to his rank.

Aicbbishop.—His Grace tlie Lord Archbishop of Begin letters " My Lord Arch­bishop."

Aichdeacon.—The Venerable the Archdeacon o£ , Begin letters "Venerable Sir" or " Reverend Sir,"

Baron.—^The Eight Honourable Lord . Begin letters " My Lord."

Baronet.—Sir X T , Bart. Begin letters " Sir."

Bishop.—^The Eight Reverend the Lord Bishop of . Begin letters " My Lord Bishop."

CaidinaL—^His Eminence Cardinal . Begin letters " Tour Eminence " or " Most Eminent and Most Eeverend Sir."

Clergyman.—Kev. B 0 . Begin letters " Eev. Sir" or " Sir."

Dean.—^The Very Eev. the Dean of . Begin letters " Very Eev. Sir."

Doctor (D.D., LL.D., D.SO., M.D., etc,).— Eev. A. B , D.D., A. B , Esq., LL.D.Jp.Sc., M.D., etc.).

Bnke.—His Grace the Bnko.of . B^gin letters " My Lord Dake." A dnke's wife is Her Grace the Dochess of , Begin letters " Madam."

Eail.—The Eight Hon. the Earl o£ or The Earl of . Begin letters "Mv Lord."

GoTemor of a Colony.—^His Eicellenoy (usual designation). Governor ot . Begin according to rank.

GoveinOT, Lientenant.—The Honourable Lieutenant Governor of. Begin according toranfe.

King or Qneen.—-The Thing's (or (Queen's

Most Excellent Majesty. Begin letters "S i r e " (or "Madam"), or "May it

' please Xour Majesty." Knight.—Sh: S P and initials

indicating order, if any, aa K.G.B. Begin letters " Sir."

lord Mayor (of London, York, or DublhO. —The Bight Hon. the Lord Mayor ot . Begin letters " My Lord."

liOrd Provost.—The Eight Hon. the Lord Provost of Edinburgh, or Glasgow, The Lord Provost of Aberdeen, i'erth, or Dundee.

Haniuis.—The Most Hon. (or Noble) the Marquis of . Begin letters" My Lord Marquis."

Slayor.—^The Eight "Worshipful the Mayor of . Begin letters " Sir."

moderator of General Assembly of Chiu:ch of Scotland.—The Eight Eev. B C .

Pope.—^His Holiness the Pope. Begin letters " Most Holy Eather."

President oj the U.S.A.—The President, White House, or His Excellency the President of the U.S.A. Begin letters " Mr President" or " Sir."

Pzince or Royal Duke.—^His Eoyal Hiqlmcss the Prince of or His Eoyal Hiolmess the Dnke of . Begin letters " Sir."

Princess or Royal Dnohess.—^Her Eoyal Highness the Princess of or Her Eoyal Highness the Duchess of . Begin letters " Madam."

Privy Councillors.—^Eight Honourable. Viceroy ol India.—His Excellency the Viceroy

and Govcmor-Qenei-al, If a duke, Sis Grace. Begin letters according to his rank,

Vijcount.—The Eight Hon. the Lord Viscount. Begin letters ** My Lord."

ROMAN NUMERALS I, II, m , IV or ini , V, VT, vn, v m , ix , x, xi, x n , x in , xiv, xv, xvi, x v n ,

xvn i , XIX, s x , XXI, x x n , x x i n , xxiv , xxv , xxvi , x x v n , xxvn i , xxnx, XXX=30, XL=40, L=60, LX=60, LXX=70, LXXX=80, XO=90, 5=100, OX=X10, CC=200, CCC=300, CCCO=400, D=600, DO=C00, DCO=700, DCCO=800, DCCCC=.3O0, M=1000, MDCCOL=1S60, MOMXIV=1914, MOMXXVI=1920.

MATHEMATICAL SIGNS + Increased by, - diminished by, x multiplied by, -f- divided by. « the difference between two quantities. = equal to, > is greater than; < is less than. •.* because; .'. therefore. *, ' , *, the second, third, and fovirth powers.

v,V.V • square root, cube root, fourth root. II parallel t o ; ± perpendicular to. »• (Greekletterpi)) the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter=3-1416926 , . ,

305

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT

16 drams=l ounce (oz.),(437Jgis.) I 281b. = 1 quarter. 16 07. = 1 pound (lb). 4 qr. = 1 hundredweight (cwf,.). 141b. = 1 stone. I 20 owt.=l ton.

I

r R O r WEIGHT For Gold and Siher)

The ounce is the unit. Tor a le^ qu mtlty decimal parts are employed For a larger, multiples of an ounce

(For Precious S[07ies) The. metric cirat of 200 miUegrammcs is the legal standard oJ weight.

APOTHEOABIES' WEIGHT * (Prior to 1864)

20 grams = 1 scruple. I 8 drachms=l ounce (ISO gis.). 3 scruples=l drachm. | 12 ounces = 1 lb.

(Since 186!) 437i grains ~ 1 ounce. | 16 ounces = 1 lb.

APOTHEOAKIES' FLUID MEASUKB 60 minims = 1 drachm. | 20 ounces = 1 pint. 8 drachms = 1 ounce. 1 8 pints = 1 gallon.

Large Bottles tn Drug Trade 40 ounces = 1 quart (or corbyn). I 80 ounces =rj gallon (or Wmcheatoi

I quart). A-pproximate Measures

1 drop = 1 minim. 1 1 " dessert-spoon " = i fluid ounce 1 " tea spoon " = ^ fluid ounce. ! 1 " table-spoon " = 1 ,, „

The Apothecaries' diaclim and the Avordupois dram are not the s<ime. A fluid drachm (61 6S8 grs ) IS equal in weight to two ATOirdupois dram^

An ounce of distilled water at 62° P. is equal in weight to the V.\oirdupO!S ounce (437i grs)

LONG ItEASUHE 12 inches=l foot I 40 poles=l furlong.

3 ft = lya rd . I 8 fur. = 1 mile. 5 J yd. = 1 rod, perch, or pole. I 3 ml. = 1 league.

SUEVBrOHS' MEASURE (LINEAL) 7 92 inches = l l ink . I 10 chains=l furlong. 100 hnks, or 22 yards=l chain. I 80 „ = 1 mile.

NAUTICAL MEASURE 6 feet=l fathom. 1 10 cables—1 nautical (sea) mile, or knot.

608 ft. = 1 cable. I 60 Jmots = 1 degree.

SQUARE MEASURE 141bquarc mhes=l sq foot. 1 4 ro—4840 sq. yd =10 sq. chain3= 9 sq.ft. = lBq yard. 1 acre. 30isq yd. = 1 sq pole. 640 aores=l sq. mile. 40sq.pl. = l rood . I

306

144 equate inches=2-2958 sq. llnte. 20-082 sq. links = l s q . yard.

635 sq. „ = l s q . pole.

SUBVETOKS' MEASURE (SQUABE) I 10,000 sq. Iliiks=l sq. chain.

25,000 sq. „ = 1 rood. I 100,000 sq. „ = 1 acre.

OUBIO MEASUEB 1728 cubic mctrcs=l cub. foot. 1 40 cub. ft.=1 load of rough timber.

27 cub. ft. = 1 cub. yard. | 50 cub. ft.=1 load of squared timber.

MEASUEB OP CAPACITY 4 gills = 1 plat. 4 pecks = 1 bushel. 2 pt. = 1 quart. 8 bus. = 1 quarter. 4 qt. = 1 gallon. . 36 bus. = 1 chaldron. 2 gall. = 1 peck.

The bushel varies locally and with the article measured, and is reckoned by weight. under Miscellaneous Weights and Pleasures,

See

COTTON TABN 120 yards = 1 lea or skein.

7 skeins—1 hank. 18 hanks=l spindle. Count =numbcr of hank$ in 1 lb.

LIHEN YAaS 300 yards= 1 cut, hank, or lea.

2 cuts = 1 heer. 6 beers = 1 hasp.

4 hasps = 1 spindle. Coant=nuniber of hanks in 1 lb.

WOBKED XABSr 80 yards = 1 wrap. 7 wraps=l hank.

Firkin or Quarter Barrel

Count=namt)er of hanks in 1 lb.

SIZES OF BARBELS = 9 gallons.

Kllderldn, RumUet, ot ^ Barrel= 18 „ Barrel Hogshead (1^ Barrels) Puncheon (2 Barrels) Butt of Ale (3 Barrels) Anker Tierce Pipe (of I'orl or Masdew)

„ (of Teneriffe) „ (of Marsala)

= 30 „ = 51 „ = 72 „ = 108 „ = 10 „ = 42 „ =116 „ = 100 = 93 „

Pipe (of Madeira or Cape) = 92 „ (of Sherry or Tent) ~ 108

Butt (of Lisbon or Buccllas) =117 Aum (of Hock or Rhenish) = 30 Hogshead (of Brandy) -~ (10

„ (of Claret) = 40 (of Port) ---- 57

„ (oi Sherry) .= 61 „ (of MadeirCt') = 46

Puncheon (of Biandy or Rum) =120

= 92 gallons.

WATER FOR SHIPS Tun =210 gallons. I Barrel =36 gallons. Butt =110 „ EjIderkin=J8 „ Piuicheon= 73 ,, |

24 sheeis=l quire.

25 sheeta=l quire. 616 ,, = 1 ream.

PAPER "MB ASTTRE Writing Paper

I Printing Paper

20 quires= 1 ream.

2 reams ^ 1 bundle. 5 bundles = 1 bale.

307

SIZES o r BOOKS ( ' l to=Qaar to ; 8vo=:0c taro)

Foolscap 8TO . . . OJ x 4J- inches. Orowu 8vo . . . 7Ax 5 „ Demy 8vo . . . . 8 | x 5f ,, Eoyal 8vo . . . . ]0 x l<i „ Imperial 8vo . . . 11 x 7? ,,

Crown 'Ito . Demy 4to . Crown Folic Royal Folio

SOIIB OLD IIBASURES , Cubife —18 inches. ' EnglisllEU = « „

Scottish Ell =37-3 „ Hand = 4 „

. Scottish Mile = 1 9 8 1 yards. . Irish Mile =2210 „

[loman Mile

. 10 X 7i inches. . . . l l i x 8 „

. 16 XlO

. 20 X l 2 i „

=1614 yards. Roman Pace = 5 feet. Hide = 1 2 0 acres (average). Virgatc or Yard of L a n d = i of a iiide. 3arucate = 180 to 300 acres. Boll (generally) =G bushels.

MISCELLANEOUS WEI&HTS AND Bag of cocoa

,, coSee . . . . , ,, hops ,; „ reppei (black) .

„ „ (wliite) . ,', ,, rice

„ sago „ sugar . . . .

Bale of cotton (Egyptian) „ „ (Indian) .

• „ „ (United States) Bar (mint) of gold • „ „ silver

' „ ^ heef . . . . „ batter . . . .

, „ flour (United States) ' ,, gunpowder

,, herrings (cured), Scotland „ raisins . . . -„ soitsoap

Bushel (English) of barley '„ (French) „ „ of coal . . . . „ (English) of oats „ (Foreign) „ ;, of rye „ (English) of wheat „ (Foreign) „

Chaldron of coal . Chest of cloves

;, tea. Code of herrings . Cord of wood Qran (mainly Scotland) of herrings FirUii of soft soap . . -Hogshead of sugar

. „ tobacco Last,of herrings .

„ ' hides ,, wool

Load of hay „ straw

Long hundred of herrings Matt'of cloves Ma20,(Islo of Man and Ireland) of herrings Mease of herrings. . .

MEASURES 112 lbs. 110 to 168 lbs. 2S0 lbs. 31G „ 108 „ 103 „ 113 „ 112 to 198 lbs. 700 „ 740 „ 600 „ 600 „ 400 „ 500 ,, •100 ozs. Troy. 1000 to 1100 ozs. Troy. 40 \ t e . 200 , , 4 flrkins or 324 Ib^i. 190 lbs. 100 „ 26§ gallons. 112 lbs. 356 „ 56 „ 52i „ 80 „ 39 „ 38 and 40 lbs. 60 lbs. 60 ,, 62 „ 85 busiiels. 200 lbs.

. 84 „ 500 herrings. 128 cubic feet. 37* gallons. C4'lbs. 13 to 16 cwt.

. 13 „ 18 „ 13,200 herrings. 12 dozen. 12 sacks. 36 trusses.

• 30 „ . 33 warps or 133 herrings. . SO lbs.

615 herrings. . 600 „

308

Pack of soSt soap . . . . Peek o£ flout . . . . Pig of ballast . . . . Pookefc of hops . . . . Quarter (English) of wheat . Quintal (Sewfounillancl, etc.), cl flsh Sack of coal . . . .

„ flour . . . . ,, potatoes . . . . „ wool . . . .

Seam of glass . . . . Square of flooring..-Stack of wood '.-' . Stone of meat . . . . Ten hundred (one thousand) herrings Ten thousand herrings . Ton of coal

„ hay . . . . . . Truss (new, i.e, up to Isfc Sept.) of hay

„ (old) of h a y . . . . ,, of straw . . . .

Warp of herrings . . . .

256 lb3. W >, 6C „ 1G8 to S24 lbs. 4S0 Ite. 100 and 113 lbs. 33-i lbs. or 2 owt. 280 lbs. 1B8 „ 364 „ 120 „ 100 square feefc 108 cubic feefc Slbs. 1820 henings. 13,200 ,, 10 sacls or 21 3G trusses. 00 lbs. 66 „ 36 „ 4 herrings.

bui

METRIC SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

UEASUEI) OP LENGTH Myriamefre Kilometre Heotometie Dekamette Metre Decimetre Centimetre Millimetre

Hectare Are Centare

= 10,000 metres =6-2138 miles. ' = 1000 „ =0-62137 inUe, or 3280 ft. 10 in

= 100 „ =328 ft. 1 in. = 10 „ =32 ft. 9-7 in.

= 3 ft. 3-37 in. = 0-1 metre =3-937 in. = 0-01 „ =0-3937 in. = 0-001 „ =0-03937 in.

MBASUEB 01" STJEPAOE =10,000 sq. metres=3-471 acres. = 100 „ =119-6 sq. yds. = 1 „ =10 sq. ft. 110 sq. in.

MEASUEE OF CAPACITY

KUolitre or Stere =1000 litres Heotolitie = 100 „ = 21-993 Dekalitre = 10 „ = 2-200 litre . . . =1-760 pt. DeciUtre = 0-1 litre =0-176 pt. Centilitre = 0-01 „ =0-018 pt. Hillilitre = 0-001 „ =0-002 pt.

Liquid Measure. Dry Mcasiu-e. =219-976 gals.=27 bush. 3 pks.

"" = 2 bush. S pks' = 1 pk. 0-8 qt.

WEIGHT E[illierorToimeau»=l,000,000 grams =19 ewts. 76-6 lbs. Quintal = 100,000 Myriagram = 10,000 Kilogram or Kilo = 1,000 Hectogram = 100 Dekagram = 10 Gram Decigram = 0-1 gram Centigram = 0-01 „ Milligram = o-OOl „

= 1 cwt. 108-46 lbs. =22-046 lbs. = 2-2010 lbs. = 3-5274 oz. = 0-8527 oz. = 0-0353. oz. = 0-0035 oz. = 0-0004 oz.

3,09

SOME COMMON WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES WITH THEIR METRIC EQUIVALENTS

1 mile =1-0093 kilometre. 1 yard =0-9hL4 metre. ] loot =0-30!l8 metre. 1 inch t=2'51 centimetres. Tsq. mile =259 hectares. 1 iicro =0-.10-17 hectare. 1 sq. yd. =0-8361 sq. metre. 1 sq. ft. =0-0023 sq. metre. 1 sq. incli^ 6-452 sq. centimetres. 1 cub. yd.=0-7G4G cub. metre.

1 cub. it. =0-03832 cub. metre. I cub. in. =16-39 cub. centimetr( 1 bushel =30-37 litres. 1 peck =9-092 litres. J drr qt. = 1-101 litre. 1 gal. =4-0't6 litres. 1 liquid qt.=0-508 litre. 1 ton =0-9072 tonneau. 1 lb. =0-4636 lillogram. 1 oz. =28-35 grammes.

STANDARD COINS OF OTHER COUNTRIES AND THEIR (PAR) VALUES

IN B S m S H DOMINIONS Br. Honduras, Canada, and New­

foundland . . . . Iloilar =s43. l^d. nearly. Hong-Kong . . . . Mejdoan dollar =2s. 7d. Cyprus Kastre India, Ceylon, Mauritius, Sey­

chelles, Mesopotamia . . Bupee Straits Settlements and Br. N.

Borneo . . . . Dollar Sadiin, Palestine . . . S SgypHas

= lid.

= l s . -Id.

=23. 4d. =SVs. Sid.

£1=4-867 dollars £1 = 7-74 dollars £1=180 piastres

£1 = 15 rupees *

£1=8-S7 dollars

The lollowing British Dominions and Dependencies have Imperial Sterling Coinage:— Commonwealth ol Australia, New Zealand, Union ol South Africa, East A&ica, Channel

,', Islands, Gibraltar, St Helena, British West Africa, British West Indies, British Guiana, . Falkland Islands, Fiji Islands. ,* In 1920 the ratio was altered to 10 rupees to £, but commercially the value of the rupee

fluctuates.

IN FOBBI&N OOUNTEIES Argentina, Paiagnay, Salvador . Peso =3s. l l jd . £=6-0't pesos The gourde in Haiti and the boUviano in Bolivia are about the same value as the peso. Belgium, France, Monaco, Switzer­

land, Lnxemhurg, Belgian Congo, Algeria . . . I'raao =9-613d. £=25-22 francs

The lev in Bulgaria, tlie drachma in Greece, the lira in Italy, the marKka in Finland, the leu in Rumania, the dinar in Jugoslavia, the peseta in Spain, the zloty of Poland, the lat of

' Latvia, and the mark of Estonia are of the same value as the franc. Tlie bolivar in Venezuela is about the same vaiu^.

Aijstria, Hanga/y . . . Krone =10d. £1=24 kronen Brazil Milreis =23.3d. £l=S-9niUrois Chile Peso =l3.6d. £1=13-35 pesos China Yuan =2s. Gd. £1=8 ymm Colomhia, Guatemala, Honduras . Peso =4s. £1=5 pe^os Costa Eiea . . . . Oolon »=ls. 10-94. £l=10-4i? colons Denmark, Norway, Sweden, , , , ^ „, , , ,

Czechoslovakia (proposed) . Krone = l s . IJd. £1 = 17-7 kionen Ecuador Suor6 =2s. £1=10 s\icrC'3 EBOTt Pound B =20s. Sfd. £l=£E0-984 Germanv Hats =ll-748d. £1=20-4S9 mk. Lithuania Litas =4-932d. £1=48-162 litas. MeSco . . . . . Dollar =23. Oid. £1=9-795 dollars The yen In Japan and the won of Korea are of the same value as the Mexican dollar.

310

Hetheilands Nicaiasua Panama Persia Pera Portugal Vtnsma Siam Turkey

. Florin or gaMen=Is. 7'821d

. Cordoba =4s. l-33d. , Balboa =4s. 2d. . Eran =4d. . Libia =203. . Escndo =43. Sid. . Eoublo =2s. i jd. . Tical = l s . 8d. . Turkish £(Ura) =183.

United States, Libetia, Cuba ' . Dollar =43. l-32a. Uingaay

SI=12-106 gulden £l = l-836 cordobas £l=.l-8 balboas £l = (iO toans £1=1 Ubra j;i = l-46() escudoa S I D S - H S roubles £1 = 13 tii'ala £1=£T1-I £1 = I-H6 dollars • £1=4-7 pesos

BAIL WAY GAUGES (The gauge is the inside measurement between the rails.)

Standard Gauge, 4 ft. 8^ in., is used mostly in Great Britain, France, Belgium, Nether­lands, Denmark, Sweden, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, European Turkey, Canada, and TT.S.A.

Narrow Gauge is anything less than 4 ft. 8J- ins. E.g., a 3 ft. 0 in. gauge is used in Queens­land, Western Australia, Kew Soutll Wales (also 4 ft. 8^ in.), New Zealand, Soiith Africa, Egypt (also 4 ft. 8J in.), Japan; a 3 ft. 5J in. gauge is used in ^Isia Minor (also 4 ft. 8J in.); a 2 ft. 6 in. and a 3 ft. 3§ in. gauge are used in India (also 5 ft. 6 in.).

Broad Gauge is anything more than 4 tt. SJ in. E.g., a 5 it. gau^e is used in Bu^ia, a 5 ft. 3 in. gauge in Ireland, Victoria, and New South Wales, and a 5 ft. 6 in. gauge in India, Oeylon, Spain, and Portugal.

312

FOR SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

Printed in Great Britain

j ^ GS398

TyW-V^^«l?v4

I