D3.2 Infrastructures monitoring and interoperability adaptation ...

Grant Agreement No.: 604590

Instrument: Large scale integrating project (IP)

Call Identifier: FP7-2012-ICT-FI

eXperimental Infrastructures for the Future Internet

D3.2: Infrastructures monitoring and

interoperability adaptation components

toolkit and API Revision: v.1.1

Work package WP3

Task Task T3.2

Due date 31/12/2013

Submission date 07/02/2014

Deliverable lead Universidad Politecnica de Madrid (UPM)

Authors Jose Gonzalez (UPM), Federico Alvarez (UPM), Fernando Garcia (UPM),

Pablo Rodriguez (TID), Fernando Lopez (TID), Panos Trakadas (SYN),

Andreas Papadakis (SYN), Panos Karkazis (SYN), Silvio Cretti (CNET),

Attilio Broglio (CNET), Giuseppe Ricucci (TI)

Reviewers Riwal Kerherve (ILB), Paolo Bertolini (TN), Federico Facca (CNET)

Abstract This deliverable describes the different XIFI infrastructures monitoring

adaptation components following the APIs and open specifications from

D3.1 and provides the software (as open source code) with the manuals

required to install and use such components.

Keywords Future Internet, Adapter, API, Infrastructure, Monitoring, Network,

Datacentre, FI-WARE, Generic Enabler, Management, Federation

D3.2: Infrastructures monitoring and interoperability adaptation components toolkit and API

© 2013 - 2015 XIFI Consortium Parties of 101

Document Revision History

Version Date Description of change List of contributor(s)

V0.1 30.01. 2014 Version ready for internal

review

Jose Gonzalez (UPM), Federico

Alvarez (UPM) et al.

V1.1 07.02.2014 Final revision Jose Gonzalez (UPM), Federico

Alvarez (UPM) et al.

Disclaimer

This report contains material which is the copyright of certain XIFI Consortium Parties and may only

be reproduced or copied with permission in accordance with the XIFI consortium agreement.

All XIFI Consortium Parties have agreed to publication of this report, the content of which is licensed

under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License1.

Neither the XIFI Consortium Parties nor the European Union warrant that the information contained in

the report is capable of use, or that use of the information is free from risk, and accept no liability for

loss or damage suffered by any person using the information.

Copyright notice

© 2013 - 2015 XIFI Consortium Parties

1 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.en_US

Project co-funded by the European Commission in the 7th

Framework Programme (2007-2013)

Nature of the Deliverable: P (Prototype)

Dissemination Level

PU Public

PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)

RE Restricted to bodies determined by the XIFI project

CO Confidential to XIFI project and Commission Services



EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This document describes the infrastructure monitoring adaptation components, following the main

outcomes reached with regards to APIs and open specifications in deliverable D3.1 [31].

The adaptation components consist of an abstraction layer which allows the infrastructure nodes to

offer the full capacity of XIFI in a unified manner, and to achieve the necessary degree of

compatibility with FI-WARE technology [13] and the rest of infrastructures of the XIFI pan-European

federation. This standardization process shall ensure the highest possible quality to the end-users.

In this deliverable, we describe one of the infrastructures adaptation components which are part of the

XIFI WP3: the Infrastructure Adaptation components for the monitoring of the infrastructures. These

components will monitor both networks and data centres, at different levels to expose and control the

relevant parameters of the infrastructures to assure the monitoring and control of quality of services in

the federated infrastructures.

In this document we describe the infrastructure monitoring components, which are part of the XIFI

Infrastructure Monitoring Middleware (XIMM):

NGSI Adapter

Network Active Monitoring-NAM Adapter

Network Passive Monitoring-NPM Adapter

Datacentre & Enabler Monitoring-DEM Adapter

OpenStack Data Collector

The components are described in their corresponding sections, offering a description of the needed

elements to install them in the XIFI infrastructures: architecture, installation manual, user manual,

related components, background and, of course, where to find the software.

In addition, this deliverable is prepared to be a base for future joining infrastructures which will need

to integrate such components to run XIFI with full capacity.



TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................3

TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................4

LIST OF FIGURES ...............................................................................................................................6

LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................................7

ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................................8

1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................9

1.1 Scope.........................................................................................................................................9

1.2 D3.1- XIFI infrastructure adaptation components API open specification ..............................9

2 COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................11

2.1 NGSI Adapter .........................................................................................................................11

2.1.1 Summary .................................................................................................................................11

2.1.2 Component Responsible .........................................................................................................12

2.1.3 Motivation ...............................................................................................................................12

2.1.4 User Stories Backlog ..............................................................................................................12

2.1.5 State of the art .........................................................................................................................13

2.1.6 Architecture Design ................................................................................................................13

2.1.7 Release Plan ............................................................................................................................15

2.1.8 Installation Manual .................................................................................................................15

2.1.9 User Manual ............................................................................................................................17

2.2 Network Active Monitoring-NAM Adapter ...........................................................................19

2.2.1 Summary .................................................................................................................................19


2.2.3 Motivation ...............................................................................................................................21


2.2.5 State of the art .........................................................................................................................24


2.2.7 Release Plan ............................................................................................................................31


2.2.9 User Manual ............................................................................................................................36

2.3 Network Passive Monitoring-NPM Adapter ..........................................................................45

2.3.1 Summary .................................................................................................................................45


2.3.3 Motivation ...............................................................................................................................46


2.3.5 State of the art .........................................................................................................................47




2.3.7 Release Plan ............................................................................................................................50


2.3.9 User Manual ............................................................................................................................53

2.4 Datacentre & Enabler Monitoring-DEM Adapter ..................................................................58

2.4.1 Summary .................................................................................................................................58


2.4.3 Motivation ...............................................................................................................................61


2.4.5 State of the art .........................................................................................................................62


2.4.7 Release Plan ............................................................................................................................64


2.4.9 User Manual ............................................................................................................................77

2.5 OpenStack Data Collector ......................................................................................................84

2.5.1 Summary .................................................................................................................................84


2.5.3 Motivation ...............................................................................................................................85


2.5.5 State of the art .........................................................................................................................86


2.5.7 Release Plan ............................................................................................................................87


2.5.9 User Manual ............................................................................................................................88

3 CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................................................89

REFERENCES .....................................................................................................................................90

APPENDIX A: NGSI ADAPTER TEST CASES ..............................................................................92

APPENDIX B: DEM ADAPTER TEST CASES ...............................................................................94



LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: NGSI Adapter within the Architecture of a generic XIFI Node .............................................11

Figure 2: NGSI Adapter Architecture and Context ................................................................................14

Figure 3: NGSI Adapter - Sequence Diagram........................................................................................15

Figure 4: NGSI Adapter – Check logs at console ..................................................................................18

Figure 5: NAM Adapter within the Architecture of a generic XIFI Node .............................................20

Figure 6: NAM Adapter - General Context............................................................................................22

Figure 7: Demonstration of how the PerfSONAR services may be linked together ..............................25

Figure 8: XIMM-NAM Architecture and Context .................................................................................26

Figure 9: NAM Measurement Collector - Internal Architecture ............................................................28

Figure 10: Sequence Diagram - Scheduled Test ....................................................................................29

Figure 11: Sequence Diagram - On-demand Test ..................................................................................30

Figure 12: Sequence Diagram - Configuration Scheduled Testing ........................................................30

Figure 13: Request On-demand OWD Test ...........................................................................................40

Figure 14: Response On-demand OWD Test – REST Console .............................................................41

Figure 15: Response On-demand OWD Test – Web Browser ...............................................................41

Figure 16: Request Scheduled BDW Test – REST Console ..................................................................43

Figure 17: Test Latency (OWD) – NAM Adapter GUI .........................................................................44

Figure 18: Test Latency Result – NAM Adapter GUI ...........................................................................44

Figure 19: Nagios monitoring Resources [23] .......................................................................................48

Figure 20: XIMM-NPM Architecture and Context ................................................................................49

Figure 21: DEM Adapter within the Architecture of a generic XIFI Node ...........................................59

Figure 22: XIMM-DEM Architecture and Context ...............................................................................63

Figure 23: DEM Adapter - Sequence Diagram ......................................................................................64

Figure 24: OpenStack Data Collector within the Architecture of a generic XIFI Node ........................84

Figure 25: OpenStack Data Collector Architecture ...............................................................................86

Figure 26: Nagios Web Interface ...........................................................................................................95



LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: NGSI Adapter Context Details ................................................................................................12

Table 2: NGSI Adapter Dependencies Summary...................................................................................12

Table 3: NGSI Adapter Reference Details .............................................................................................12

Table 4: NGSI Adapter User Stories Backlog........................................................................................13

Table 5: NGSI Adapter Release Plan .....................................................................................................15

Table 6: NAM Adapter Context Details ................................................................................................21

Table 7: NAM Adapter Dependencies Summary...................................................................................21

Table 8: NAM Adapter Reference Details .............................................................................................21

Table 9: NAM Adapter User Stories Backlog........................................................................................23

Table 10: NAM Adapter Release Plan ...................................................................................................31

Table 11: NPM Adapter Context Details ...............................................................................................45

Table 12: NPM Adapter Dependencies Summary .................................................................................46

Table 13: NPM Adapter Reference Details ............................................................................................46

Table 14: NPM Adapter User Stories Backlog ......................................................................................47

Table 15: NPM Adapter Release Plan ....................................................................................................50

Table 16: DEM Adapter Context Details ...............................................................................................60

Table 17: DEM Adapter Dependencies Summary .................................................................................60

Table 18: DEM Adapter Reference Details ...........................................................................................60

Table 19: DEM Adapter User Stories Backlog ......................................................................................62

Table 20: DEM Adapter Release Plan ...................................................................................................64

Table 21: OpenStack Data Collector Context Details ............................................................................85

Table 22: OpenStack Data Collector Dependencies Summary ..............................................................85

Table 23: OpenStack Data Collector Reference Details ........................................................................85

Table 24: OpenStack Data Collector User Stories Backlog ...................................................................86

Table 25: OpenStack Data Collector Release Plan ................................................................................87

Table 26: NGSI Adapter Test Cases ......................................................................................................93



ABBREVIATIONS

API Application Programming Interface

CB Context Broker

DC Data Centre

DEM Datacentre and Enablers Monitoring

FMC Fundamental Modelling Concepts

GE Generic Enabler

GEi Generic Enabler instance

GUI Graphical User Interface

HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol

JSON JavaScript Object Notation

KPI Key Performance Indicator

NAM Network Active Monitoring

NGSI Next Generation Service Interfaces

NPM Network Passive Monitoring

QoS Quality of Service

REST REpresentational State Transfer

SLA Service Level Agreement

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

URL Uniform Resource Locator

XIMM XIFI Infrastructure Monitoring Middleware

XML eXtensible Markup Language



1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Scope

This deliverable focuses on the description of the components required for supporting infrastructure

monitoring in the XIFI federation. In particular, this deliverable aims to describe the 5 components

which were identified in D3.1 to gather ‘physical appliance’ monitoring data from the infrastructures

in a consistent way, using when required for data gathering some monitoring solutions developed by

FI-WARE.

The deliverable is a software accompanying deliverable. Therefore we offer an explanation of the

components which are part of the monitoring adapters, focusing on the elements which an

infrastructure owner or developer may need for joining the XIFI federation such as a general

description, responsible, motivation, related work, dependencies, licence, architecture design,

installation manual, user manual, and of course, the pointer to the code.

1.2 D3.1- XIFI infrastructure adaptation components API open specification

The XIFI pan-European federation aims to be the community cloud for European FI-PPP developers

enabled by advanced Future Internet (FI) infrastructures in Europe. The FI-PPP Future Internet Public-

Private Partnership (FI-PPP) [14] is an ambitious programme by the European Commission part of the

7th Framework Programme aiming at exploring the potential of a common platform for Future Internet

technologies to establish new business ecosystems. XIFI, through this community cloud, will provide

a market place to access: i) the web-based services offered by FI-PPP (i.e. the Generic Enablers

developed by FI-WARE [13] and the Specific Enablers provided by Use Case Trials), ii) advanced

Future Internet infrastructures that provide capacities, and iii) data to empower the applications

developed by early adopters of FI-PPP technologies.

One of the relevant needed features is the ability to monitor the XIFI infrastructures, both networks

and data centres, with a set of components which have been implemented as open source.

This document contains the description of the infrastructure monitoring adaptation components,

following the APIs and open specifications from D3.1. The adaptation components consist of an

abstraction layer which allows the infrastructures to offer the full capacity of XIFI in a unified manner,

and to achieve the necessary degree of compatibility with FI-WARE and with the rest of

infrastructures of the XIFI pan-European federation, ensuring the highest possible quality to the end-

users.

In this deliverable, we describe one of the infrastructures adaptation components which are part of the

XIFI WP3: the Infrastructure Adaptation components for the monitoring of the infrastructures. These

components will monitor both networks and data centres, at different levels to expose and control the

relevant parameters of the infrastructures to assure the monitoring and control of quality of services in

the federated infrastructures.

In this document we describe the infrastructure monitoring components, which are part of the XIFI

Infrastructure Monitoring Middleware (XIMM):

NGSI Adapter: This component standardizes the raw data gathered by the XIMM

measurement collectors, thus making data suitable for the NGSI format used by Context

Broker Generic Enabler.



Network Active Monitoring-NAM Adapter: This component enables to establish end-to-end

communications along a distributed set of points of interest within the XIFI community to

check bandwidth and latency performance tests.

Network Passive Monitoring-NPM Adapter: this component enables the network resource

monitoring along the XIFI community by providing SNMP data collection from the network

resources and the adaptation layer between the monitoring lowest-layer and the XIFI

federation layer.

Datacentre & Enabler Monitoring-DEM Adapter: this component enables the access to

metrics of specific hosts and services which belong to the datacentre of the infrastructure and

hold a meaningful behaviour for XIFI. Since the special interest of the federation lie on the

performance of FI-WARE GEs instances, their monitoring is a duty that is relevant to XIFI.

OpenStack Data Collector: this component aims at collecting information from an

OpenStack installation using OpenStack keystone and nova APIs and/or the command line.

Information collected is capacity data as number of virtual machine deployed, number of cores

available, size of ram and size of disk, number of users/tenders registered.

The components are described in their corresponding sections, offering a description of the needed

elements to install them in the XIFI infrastructures: architecture, installation manual, user manual,

related components, background and, of course, where to find the software.

In addition, this deliverable is prepared to be a base for future joining infrastructures which will need

to integrate such components to run XIFI with full capacity.



2 COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION

2.1 NGSI Adapter

2.1.1 Summary

This component standardizes the raw data gathered by the XIMM measurement collectors, thus

making data suitable for the NGSI format used by Context Broker GE [7].

Figure 1: NGSI Adapter within the Architecture of a generic XIFI Node

Reference

Scenarios UC-5 - Network and Data Centre operations

Reference

Stakeholders

Infrastructure owners and operators: those who need

to keep both network and platform under a reliable

functioning condition.

Type of

ownership Deployment and Extension

Original tool FI-WARE Context Broker GE [7]

FI-WARE Big Data GE [5]

Planned OS Apache License Version 2.0 [1]



license

Reference OS

community None at the moment

Table 1: NGSI Adapter Context Details

Consist of

NGSI Adapter core process

Probe-specific parsers (dynamically loaded by core

process)

Depends on

XIFI Federation Monitoring (WP2)

o FI-WARE Context Broker GE [12]

o FI-WARE Big Data GE [5]

Table 2: NGSI Adapter Dependencies Summary

2.1.2 Component Responsible

Developer Contact Partner

Pablo Rodriguez [email protected] TID

Fernando Lopez [email protected] TID

Table 3: NGSI Adapter Reference Details

2.1.3 Motivation

Given the heterogeneity of monitoring tools that may be used within the XIFI federation, and having

adopted Context Broker GE as publish/subscribe mechanism for monitoring data, an adaptation layer

is needed in order to transform those data in custom format into the NGSI context vocabulary of

Context Broker GE. This component is a generic implementation for that software layer, allowing its

extension to many different monitoring tools.

2.1.4 User Stories Backlog

Id User Story Name Actors Description

1

Implement a generic adaptation

mechanism to NGSI for

monitoring probes

Infrastructure

Administrator

As a Monitoring GEi owner, I need to

implement a generic adaptation

mechanism to convert raw data from

monitoring probes into the NGSI

format used by Context Broker GE.

http://wiki.fi-xifi.eu/Xifi:Wp2:Monitoring_GE

http://wiki.fi-xifi.eu/Xifi:Wp3:Components:NAM#Context_Broker




2 Specific Nagios adapters to

NGSI

Infrastructure

Administrator

As a Monitoring GEi owner, I need to

implement the specific components of

the Nagios probes for DEM attributes.

3 Analyze perfSONAR-PS

module adaptation to NGSI

Infrastructure

Administrator

As a Monitoring GEi owner, I want to

make an analysis and evaluation of

the perfSONAR-PS adapter

extension.

4 Analyze openNMS module

adaptation to NGSI

Infrastructure

Administrator

As a Monitoring GEi owner, I want to

make an analysis and evaluation of

openNMS adapter extension.

Table 4: NGSI Adapter User Stories Backlog

2.1.5 State of the art

NGSI Adapter is a component originally developed within the FI-WARE Monitoring GEi components

[8] which aim to aggregate data from different monitoring tools that might have been already installed

within the infrastructure owners. This solution shall be capable of providing monitored data through a

standardized format (FI-WARE NGSI-10 API [10]) that unifies developments in FI-PPP projects and

is compatible with the Context Broker [7] and Big Data [5] GEs.

2.1.6 Architecture Design

In order to make the adapter as much independent from other XIMM modules as possible, it shall be

extended by a set of parsers specifically developed for each concrete monitoring probe that is being

used by NAM (section 2.1.9), NPM (section 2.3) and DEM (section 2.4) modules. Therefore, a single

NGSI Adapter might be able to handle any kind of monitoring data coming from the different probes

through the three XIMM measurement collectors. Adaptation from probe-specific format to NGSI

entity attributes is delegated to the NGSI Adapter component and its parsers exclusively (not to the

measurement collectors).

Diagram below (Figure 2) provides a graphical description of the interactions among internal and

surrounding modules of NGSI Adapter.



Figure 2: NGSI Adapter Architecture and Context

Some remarks need to be considered in the design depicted in the previous figure:

Whether we deploy a single NGSI Adapter or multiple ones (maybe per XIMM module) is a

deployment decision. In any case, they should be configured to update monitoring data in a

single Context Broker instance.

The location to deploy NGSI Adapter is also a deployment decision (controller node, virtual

machine, dedicated server). The distributed architecture of Federation Monitoring allows

several deployments in order to fit requirements and satisfy constraints and limitations.

The required parsers shall be included within the proper NGSI Adapter, according to the

probes that generate raw monitoring data, gathered by the corresponding collectors.

2.1.6.1 Basic actors

Measurement Collectors

The Measurement Collectors are the core modules within each XIMM Adapter. They will be the

responsible actors for collecting the data generated by the different monitoring probes and

invoking NGSI Adapter.



NGSI Adapter Parsers

NGSI Adapter knows nothing about the format of data from monitoring probes, so it should be

augmented with several parsers given as dynamically loadable software modules for each of the

probes. Adapter will select the right parser based on the information from incoming requests, then

will load it and let the parser extract monitoring core information. Then adapter will transform it

into NGSI format.

2.1.6.2 Main interactions

Figure 3: NGSI Adapter - Sequence Diagram

2.1.7 Release Plan

Version ID Milestone User Stories

v1.0 M9 1, 2, 3, 4

Table 5: NGSI Adapter Release Plan

2.1.8 Installation Manual

2.1.8.1 Installation Requirements

NGSI Adapter should work on a variety of operating systems, particularly on the majority of

GNU/Linux distributions (e.g. Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS), as it only requires a V8 JavaScript Engine to

run a Node.js server.

Hardware Requirements:

The minimal requirements are:

RAM: 2 GB



Software Requirements:

NGSI Adapter is a standalone Node.js process, so 'node' and its package manager 'npm' should be

installed previously.

Node.js

o Installation using Ubuntu: in order to obtain the most recent version of Node or

installing on older Ubuntu and other apt-based distributions using the following

commands:

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install -y python-software-properties python g++ make

$ sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:chris-lea/node.js


$ sudo apt-get install nodejs

o Installation using Debian packages:

$ sudo apt-get install python g++ make checkinstall

$ mkdir ~/src && cd $_

$ wget -N http://nodejs.org/dist/node-latest.tar.gz

$ tar xzvf node-latest.tar.gz && cd node-v*

$ ./configure

$ sudo checkinstall -y --install=no --pkgversion 0.10.24 # Replace

with current version number.

$ sudo dpkg -i node_*

o Installation using other Linux distribution:

https://github.com/joyent/node/wiki/Installing-Node.js-via-package-manager

2.1.8.2 Software Repository

NGSI Adapter: https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring/tree/master/ngsi_adapter

2.1.8.3 Setup Guidelines

To install NGSI Adapter in Debian, Ubuntu or similar distributions perform the following procedure:

1. Log on as root to the machine on which you want to host the NGSI Adapter.

2. Check that you have installed all the prerequisite software (see the prerequisite software

previous section).

3. To download the NGSI Adapter package from GitHub, use following procedure:

Command-line access. Use this command to check out the latest project source code:


https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring/tree/master/ngsi_adapter



$ git clone https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring

$ cd fiware-monitoring/ngsi_adapter

4. Install dependencies:

$ npm install

5. Install additional parsers, in case those provided by default together with the core NGSI

Adapter aren't suitable for the probes that will generate monitoring data:

$ cp <someparser>.js lib/parsers/

6. Check default values for parameters prior running NGSI Adapter:

$ adapter --help

Command line options override default values defined at config/options.js file, which can be also

edited. Logging options (such as level, console, rolling files, etc.) may be configured editing

config/logger.js file.

7. Run NGSI Adapter (optionally with command line arguments):

$ adapter

$ adapter --listenPort {localport} --brokerUrl

http://{host}:{port}/

2.1.9 User Manual

2.1.9.1 API Specification

NGSI Adapter offers a quite simple API consisting of a single operation to adapt probe specific

monitoring data into NGSI format. According to that, monitored objects must be identified by a pair

<entityId,entityType>. These two NGSI concepts are somehow equivalent to those denoted as

monitoring object and group, respectively, in Federation Monitoring.

Request a format adaptation [POST]

o Resource: /{probeName}

o Method: POST

o Content-Type: */*

o Query string parameters: ?id={entityId}&type={entityType}

o Request body: raw data from monitoring probe

o Possible responses:



Code Description Body Content Representation

200 OK none none

404 Not found (*) none none

405 Not allowed (*) none none

(*) Requests are processed asynchronously and always result into a 200 status code,

unless:

the probe is unknown (no valid parser can be found after probe's name): 404

the request method is not POST: 405

2.1.9.2 Handbook

NGSI Adapter neither has visual interface nor returns data, as it acts as an asynchronous message-

driven middleware.

In order to use it and get familiar with its behaviour, we could run it on a text console and use any

REST client (either browser-based or command line tools like cURL or Wget):

To run NGSI Adapter with default configuration values:

$ ./adapter

In another console, to issue a request (e.g. simulating monitoring data from Nagios's check_load

probe):

$ curl http://localhost:1337/check_load -s -S -d @- <<<‘...load data’

Then we will check logs at console. In example about, request URL is missing required parameters:

Figure 4: NGSI Adapter – Check logs at console

A full, valid test would first require to register a new entity ‘myEntity’ of type ‘myType’ into an

existing Context Broker (see [12]), and then issue a valid check_load adaptation request:



$ curl 'http://localhost:1337/check_load?id=myEntity&type=myType' -s

-S -d @- <<EOF

OK - load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00|load1=0.000;1.000;1.000;0;

load5=0.000;5.000;5.000;0; load15=0.000;15.000;15.000;0;

EOF

If debug logging level was enabled (editing file config/logging.js), we will see NGSI request sent to

Context Broker.

2.2 Network Active Monitoring-NAM Adapter

2.2.1 Summary

According to the description provided in the deliverable D3.1 [31], this component will be in charge of

managing the Network Active Monitoring (NAM) of the XIFI Infrastructure Monitoring Middleware

(XIMM). This type of monitoring will enable to establish end-to-end communications along a

distributed set of points of interest within the XIFI community to check bandwidth and latency

performance tests.

Figure 5 depicts the context where this adapter is placed in the architecture of a generic XIFI Node, as

it is described in deliverable D1.3- Federated Platform Architecture v1.

NAM Adapter is enclosed in the entity Monitoring Adapter & Collector, marked in yellow.

The components directly related to the adapter are marked in green: NGSI Adapter to parse the

data to a standard format; and the Context Broker GE [7] and Big Data GE [5], which belong

to the Federation Monitoring. These relationships are assessed in detail in section 2.2.6.



Figure 5: NAM Adapter within the Architecture of a generic XIFI Node

Both the internal architecture of the component and the interaction with its surrounding environment

have been upgraded since the release of deliverable D3.1. Hence, the content of this document

replaces such description as the latest version at the time of writing.

Reference


Reference

Stakeholders

Developers: those who want a) to be aware of the

network performance in real time for

experimentation b) to install a private XIFI node

Infrastructure owners: those who want to join

XIFI federation or build a private XIFI node

Type of ownership Development and Extension

Original tool

PerfSONAR [30]

Iperf [17]

OWAMP [15]

Planned OS

license BSD (option to BSD 3-Clause License)



Reference OS

community PerfSONAR community

Table 6: NAM Adapter Context Details

Consist of

Monitoring Probes

o OWD Monitoring Probe

o BDW Monitoring Probe


o OWD Measurement Collector

o BDW Measurement Collector

Depends on

NGSI Adapter (WP3)




XIFI Monitoring Dashboard (WP4)

Table 7: NAM Adapter Dependencies Summary



Jose Gonzalez [email protected] UPM

Fernando Garcia [email protected] UPM

Federico Alvarez [email protected] UPM

Table 8: NAM Adapter Reference Details

2.2.3 Motivation

XIMM-NAM Adapters will be distributed in certain points of interest along the XIFI community as

the following picture shows. These components shall accomplish two main tasks:

Provide the adaptation layer between the monitoring tools at the lowest level, and at the XIFI

federation layer.

Provide a distributed monitoring mechanism among infrastructure nodes, being able to trigger

latency and bandwidth-related tests.



Figure 6: NAM Adapter - General Context

To achieve such duties, NAM Adapter cannot work as a standalone element since this type of

monitoring requires two peers to establish the communication, i.e. end-to-end measurements (to better

understand how an end-to-end test is performed, the reader may find detailed sequence diagrams in

section 2.2.6.2).

Active monitoring relies on the capacity to inject test packets and following them to measure the

service provided. The volume and other parameters of the introduced traffic are fully adjustable, what

implies testing what you want, when you need it. This emulation of scenarios will enable us to check if

Quality of Service (QoS) and Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are accomplished.



1 Define the context Component

developer

Definition of the requirements and

functionality to be accomplished by

the component.

2 Define the architecture Component

developer

Identification and definition of the

main functional blocks of the

component's architecture.



3 Identify available technology Component

developer

Identification of available technology

that enables to perform network active

tests.

4 Play with PerfSONAR Component

developer

Setup and test PerfSONAR in a local

environment. Extrapolate to a multi-

domain test.

5 Assess PerfSONAR

functionally

Component

developer

Assessment into detail, finding

strengths and weaknesses, bearing in

mind the architecture requirements.

Split into atomic functional modules,

taking those which are relevant.

6 Customize the technology to

the component's needs

Component

developer

Definition of a detailed architecture,

developing those functional blocks

which shall fit the existing ones.

7 Create documentation Component

developer

Create those manuals to support the

installation and usage of the software

developed.

8 Test software and

documentation

Component

developer/

Infrastructure

Administrator

Test the software and manuals as a

standalone component.

9 Refine the component v1 Component

developer

Refinement of those inconsistencies

gathered from the feedback provided.

10 Full integration with Federation

Monitoring

Component

developer

The integration of software elements

with the Federation Monitoring

through the NGSI Adapter.

11 Test integration v1

Component

developer/

Infrastructure

Administrator

Setup a full-packaged test

environment, integrating the rest of

associated components of the

architecture.

12 Refine the component v2 Component

developer

Refinement and enhancement of the

component according to the

performance of the integrated

solution.

13 Integration with Monitoring

Dashboard

Component

developer

To complete the integration with the

XIFI architecture, it is required to fit

the adapter with the XIFI Monitoring

Dashboard.

14 Test integration v2

Component

developer/

Infrastructure

Administrator/

User

Test the component's performance all

along the architecture.

Table 9: NAM Adapter User Stories Backlog




2.2.5.1 PerfSONAR

With the increase of distributed computing over multiple administrative domains came the

requirement to measure network performance characteristics and share this information between the

users and service providers. This was addressed by the Open Grid Forum Network Measurement and

Network Measurement and Control working groups [26], which defines a set of protocols standards

for sharing data between measurement and monitoring systems, often called the NMWG protocol.

PerfSONAR (PERFormance focused Service Oriented Network monitoring Architecture) [30] is a

framework that implements these protocols for both regular periodic observations, useful for forming

historical records, and for making on-demand measurements to aid problem solving and resolution.

The web service-based infrastructure presented in PerfSONAR was developed with the purpose of

providing network administrators and research users with an easy access to cross-domain performance

information and facilitating the management of advanced networks. This framework is made up of

several services including:

The Measurement Point (MP) services that provide measurement data. This may be done

either by initiating active measurement tests or querying passive measurement devices or

existing database.

Measurement Archive (MA) services are used to record and publish historical monitoring data

which are stored in an archive.

The Lookup Service (LS) enables users to discover other services (e.g. MP and MA) and, in

particular, the tools, capabilities or data offered by those services.

User Interface (UI) provides several methods of visualizing the measured network

characteristics in tabular and graphical forms as well as providing the interface for making on-

demand measurements.

Each PerfSONAR MP uses specific network measurement tools to perform the measurement of the

network characteristic between the selected end points. For example, Iperf [17] is used by the BWCTL

service to fulfil TCP or UDP achievable throughput measurements; and the owping tool is used to

retrieve one-way delay, jitter and packet loss measurements by the OWAMP service. The blue lines in

Figure 7 represent the measurement observations made between MPs by Iperf or owping tools. The

MPs and MAs are ‘controlled’ by a web service layer using the OGF NMWG protocols discussed

above. The interactions between the MP, MA and UI PerfSONAR services are indicated by the red

lines in Figure 7.



Figure 7: Demonstration of how the PerfSONAR services may be linked together

Currently there are available two main open-source implementations which may be deployed;

PerfSONAR MDM and PerfSONAR-PS are respectively the GÉANT and the Internet2/ESnet

implementation of the PerfSONAR monitoring concept and infrastructure. They both use the

PerfSONAR protocol (specified by OGF NM-WG) to exchange data, and share the same overall

design goals which include flexibility, extensibility, openness, and decentralization. At the time of

writing, ESnet and GÉANT are discussing the optimum way to integrate the implementations, hence

improving the services and reducing the resources required for on-going maintenance.


Diagram below (Figure 8) provides a graphical description of the interactions among internal and

surrounding modules of a single NAM Adapter.



Figure 8: XIMM-NAM Architecture and Context

Some remarks need to be considered in the design depicted in the previous figure:

Each NAM Adapter is intended to be deployed in a physical host, which is represented by the

Monitoring Host box in the figure. The installation in a virtual resource is a feasible option,

but it may not provide accurate results. More details can be found in the corresponding section

Installation Manual (section 2.2.7).

According to the previous point, the number of NAM Adapters that each infrastructure

requires will directly depend on the amount of points of interest to be monitored.

With regards to the components represented outside the Monitoring Host box (i.e. the Context

Broker, Big Data and Monitoring Dashboard), the figure does not aim to show their actual

architecture. These components belong to higher layers in the XIFI architecture; therefore

their details are out the scope of this description. What is worth noting is the essence of their

relationship.

The required parsers that shall be included within the NGSI Adapter, used to process the data

coming from the collectors, are not part of the NAM Adapter as it is. However, its

specification is necessary to fulfil the integration process with the rest of the architecture.

In the description provided in D3.1, the NAM Adapter was supposed to contain a

Measurement Archive module which played the role of a storage cache. In this updated

architecture, such module has been discarded considering that all the historical data will be

handled by the Big Data GE. Nevertheless, it is a feature that can be taken up again in future

stages.

Another change in relation to D3.1 refers to the nomenclature of the internal modules of the

adapter. In order to make it as much generic as possible, the types of the pair probe-collector

have been chosen to:

o OWD (vs OWAMP in the old version) - One Way Delay-related measurements

o BDW (vs BWCTL in the old version) - Bandwidth-related measurements



2.2.6.1 Basic actors

Monitoring Probes

The Monitoring Probes are those tools used to actually perform the measurement tests between

given hosts of interest. They shall play the role of servers providing the clients with the network

active monitoring data. The interface to interact with these tools is command line-based.

Technically speaking, these probes should not been taken as a part of the adapter by definition.

However, monitoring systems, such as the case of Nagios, do not usually include this kind of

tools. Furthermore, even if they were considered, their functionality cannot be considered in a

distributed multi-region framework. Therefore, NAM's technical solution will require including a

couple of probes by default to enable tests:

o OWD Monitoring Probe: it is in charge of handling one-way delay tests. In deliverable

D3.1 the probe considered as a standard was OWAMP [15]. However, after assessing

in detail this tool provided by Internet 2, it presented some functional requirements

which in terms of efficiency are not feasible (for instance, it requires opening a

dedicated port for each test in progress). Therefore, with regards to the OWD probe, it

has been redefined as a customized solution to enhance the operability.

o BDW Monitoring Probe: According to Internet 2's PerfSONAR distribution with

regards to bandwidth tests [2], three throughput testing tools are considered: Iperf,

Thrulay and Nuttcp. The recommended choice to include within the NAM Adapter

package is Iperf [16], according to reliability test results.


The Measurement Collectors are the core modules within the adapter. They will be the responsible

actors for collecting the data generated by the previously described probes (by playing the role of

clients), processing and forwarding it to the NGSI Adapter. Same as the probes, there are two

types of them, OWD and BDW (see Figure 8), according to the data they deal with.

At this point, it is worth noting that this so-called Measurement Collector is based on the original

model of the Measurement Point taken from the PerfSONAR terminology [30]. The element has

been redefined in order to ease the integration with the rest of the XIFI monitoring architecture. At

the time of writing, the contact with GÉANT is still in progress in order to reach a common

approach in future stages since PerfSONAR distribution is also under development, and DANTE

is part of the XIFI partners.

Diagram below provides a detailed view of the internal architecture of the adapter, focusing on the

elements composing the collector.



Figure 9: NAM Measurement Collector - Internal Architecture

o Command Interpreter is in charge of dealing with the probe through command line-

based operations

o Format Parser adjusts the result obtained from the command to a standard response,

e.g. JSON or XML format

o Scheduler is the element responsible for the timing in scheduled tests, triggering the

process when the setup time slot is reached

o HTTP Server will handle the exchange of request/responses

o Controller is the central entity which manages the rest of components

NGSI Adapter

According to the description of this component, the NGSI Adapter is the joint component between

the adaptation and federation layers in the XIFI monitoring architecture.

o The northbound interface requires being compliant with the Context Broker GE [7]

provided by FI-WARE, a core element of the XIFI Federation Monitoring. Therefore,

this interface is based on the FI-WARE NGSI-10 API [10].

o Since this adapter is linked to a pair of different collectors (in a bigger overview the

NGSI adapter is required to be connected to a wider collection of types), the

southbound interface needs to be standardized. Hence, the adapter leverages in a set of

parsers specifically developed to work with the tools beneath the adapter.

Federation Monitoring

Federation Monitoring is the compendium of elements composing the upper layer in the XIFI

monitoring architecture. Its lowest component will be the Context Broker GE, directly associated



to the NGSI Adapter.

Monitoring Dashboard

Monitoring Dashboard is the place where end users access and manage monitoring data provided

by the XIFI monitoring framework. This Graphical User Interface (GUI) shall be able to request

directly to specific NAM Adapters in order to trigger on-demand tests and configure the

parameters associated to scheduled measurements.


Interactions to provide scheduled tests

Figure 10: Sequence Diagram - Scheduled Test



Interactions to check on-demand tests

Figure 11: Sequence Diagram - On-demand Test

Interactions to configure scheduled testing

Figure 12: Sequence Diagram - Configuration Scheduled Testing



2.2.7 Release Plan


v0.1 M3 1, 2, 3

v1.0 M6 4, 5

v2.0 M9 6, 7

v2.1 M12 8, 9

v3.0 M15 10, 11, 12

v3.1 M18 13, 14

Table 10: NAM Adapter Release Plan


This section aims to guide the reader through the properly configuration of the NAM Adapter.


The main recommendation to install the NAM Adapter is to deploy the software package on a host

with Ubuntu/ Debian running as Operating System. If this was not the case, it would be necessary to

check how to install additional packages that are required. NAM's software repository has been

successfully tested with versions 12.10 and 13.10 of Ubuntu, and version 7.3 of Debian. No major

issues are expected for upcoming versions.

It is worth noting that this adapter might be installed in a virtual machine. Although this alternative is

feasible, the reader should bear in mind that this configuration may carry accuracy and stability

problems with the measurements that will take place.

Hardware Requirements:

The minimal requirements are:

Hard Disk: 2 GB free capacity

RAM: 2 GB

Software Requirements:

The adapter requires working properly the following set of software elements:

Node.js

o Installation using Ubuntu: in order to obtain the most recent version of Node or



installing on older Ubuntu and other apt-based distributions using the following

commands:


$ sudo apt-get install -y python-software-properties python g++ make

$ sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:chris-lea/node.js


$ sudo apt-get install nodejs>

o Installation using Debian packages:

$ sudo apt-get install python g++ make checkinstall

$ mkdir ~/src && cd $_

$ wget -N http://nodejs.org/dist/node-latest.tar.gz

$ tar xzvf node-latest.tar.gz && cd node-v*

$ ./configure

$ sudo checkinstall -y --install=no --pkgversion 0.10.24 # Replace

with current version number.

$sudo dpkg -i node_*

o Installation using other Linux distribution:


MongoDB

The required software can be installed manually from the default Debian/Ubuntu repositories

using the following command:

$ sudo apt-get install mongodb

NTP



$ sudo apt-get install ntp

$ sudo apt-get install ntpdate

NTP Configuration:

1. Edit /etc/ntp.conf (must use at least 4 time servers). Suggested time servers:

server hora.rediris.es

server hora.roa.es

server i2t15.i2t.ehu.e

server mouette.deuza.n




2. Check ntp sync:

$ ntpq –p

3. Check current time zone:

$ date

4. Check time zone available in your OS:

$ ls /usr/share/zoneinfo

5. Backup current time zone:

$ sudo mv /etc/localtime /etc/localtime-old

6. Change time zone:

$ sudo ln –sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Madrid /etc/localtime

7. Checking for changes:

$ date

Iperf



$ sudo apt-get install iperf


NAM Adapter: https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NAM_Adapter/

NGSI Adapter: https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring/tree/master/ngsi_adapter

Orion Context Broker: http://catalogue.fi-ware.eu/enablers/publishsubscribe-context-broker-

orion-context-broker/downloads

Cosmos BigData: http://catalogue.fi-ware.eu/enablers/downloads-11

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NAM_Adapter/


http://catalogue.fi-ware.eu/enablers/publishsubscribe-context-broker-orion-context-broker/downloads

http://catalogue.fi-ware.eu/enablers/publishsubscribe-context-broker-orion-context-broker/downloads

http://catalogue.fi-ware.eu/enablers/downloads-11




To install the NAM Adapter in Debian, Ubuntu or similar distributions, it is necessary to proceed with

the following steps:

1. Log in as root to the host on which you want to deploy the NAM Adapter software

2. Check that all the required software has been installed (see previous section)

3. The NAM Adapter package can be downloaded by:

Command-line access: use this command to check out the latest version of the source

code:

$ ntpq –p

$ mkdir NAM_Adapter

$ cd NAM_Adapter

$ svn checkout

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NAM_Adapter/Trunk/

$ cd Trunk

Non-members may check out a read-only working copy anonymously over HTTP.

$ svn checkout

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NAM_Adapter/Trunk/ read-

only

$ cd Trunk

GUI and IDE access. The repository may be fetched by using different client programs

and plugins. See your client's documentation for more information:

http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html

4. Install dependencies. It is important to assure that Node.js is installed, and then run:

$ npm install

5. NAM Adapter Configuration

Copy the config file:

$ cp config/config.js.example config/config.js

Before running the adapter, open config.js file with your text editor. Check all parameters

and edit the file according to the host you are installing. Important fields are:

http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html



port_NAM_Adapter: This number is the TCP port number that will be used when making

connections to the server http. Port number by default is 4000

port_iperf: port number that will be used when making connections to the server iperf.

Port number by default is 5001

port_owd: port number that will be used when making connections to the server owamp.

Port number by default is 861

An example of config.js file is:

/*

* config file

*/

//Host Identification

var federation = ‘XIFI’;

var regionId = ‘Madrid_UPM’;

var hostId = ‘0002’;

var ipAddress_Local = ‘192.168.1.36’;

var ipAddress_Public = ‘192.168.1.36’;

// NAM patameters

var port_API = 3000;

var port_iperf_server = 5001;

var ntp_server = ‘hora.rediris.es’;

var NGSIadapterurl = 'http://localhost:5000/';

var limit_scheduledTest = 6;

//OWD Scheduler

var owd_endpoint_default = {

regionId: ‘Madrid_UPM’,

hostId: ‘0001’,

frecuency: 30

};

// BDW Scheduler

var bdw_endpoint_default = {

regionId: ‘Madrid_UPM’,

hostId: ‘0001’,

frecuency: 30

}

//Lookup Service Local

//url access DB Regions, hosts and services NAM

var ls_local = ‘http://192.168.0.40:3000/monitoring’;

//Lookup Service Global

//url access DB Regions, hosts and services NAM

var ls_global = ‘http://138.4.47.33:3000/monitoring’;

6. Port Requirements/ Firewall Rules.

NAM Adapter includes services that require one or more open ports. If you deploy the

component behind a firewall, you will need to change your firewall configuration to allow the

following incoming and outgoing ports:



Service Ports Required Protocol Direction

TEST BWD/OWD 3000 (default) TCP/UDP in/out

iperf/iperf3 5001 (default) TCP/UDP in/out

NGSI_Adapter 5000 (default) TCP/UDP in/out

Default ports can be edited in config.js file.

7. Start NAM Adapter:

/NAM_adapter$ node appNAM.js

2.2.9 User Manual


Each operation specified in this section has been reviewed since the release of deliverable D3.1 in

order to be compliant with the Data Model proposed in the Federation Monitoring, and hence provide

a consistent architecture (for a detailed description check deliverable D2.2- APIs and Tools for

Infrastructure Federation v1).

According to this Data Model, each monitored object should be identified by an hierarchical identifier

in the form {parent-id:child-id}. A particular case is the object Host2Host: it represents a monitored

connection between two hosts that could also be cross-region. The id of this object is to composition

of the ids of two hosts in the form {regionid}-{hostid};{regionid}-{hostid}. The first pair refers to the

source endpoint, and the second one to the destination.

Request a Host2Host test [GET]

o Resource:

/monitoring/host2hosts/{serviceType}/

{regionId_Source}-{hostId_Source};{regionId_Destination}-{hostId_Destination}

o Method: GET

o Content-Type: Application/JSON

o Query string parameters: ?format=XML/JSON/TXT

o Request body: none



200 OK Measurement values XML/JSON/TXT

500 Internal Server Error none none

502 Data mismatch none none

o Notes:

serviceType: OWD or BDW



List NAM services [GET]

o Resource: /monitoring/regions/{regionId}/hosts/{hostId}/nam_status

o Method: GET






200 OK List of available NAM services XML/JSON/TXT



o JSON OK Response body example:

{

‘regionId’: ‘Madrid_UPM’,

‘hostId’: ‘0002’,

‘ping_status’: ‘DOWN’,

‘bdw_status’: ‘UP’,

‘owd_status’: ‘UP’,

}

Get NAM status [GET]

o Resource: /monitoring/regions/{regionId}/hosts/{hostId}/{serviceType}

o Method: GET






200 OK NAM status XML/JSON/TXT




{

‘regionId’: ‘Madrid_UPM’,

‘hostId’: ‘0002’,

‘bdw_status’: ‘UP’,

}



Set a scheduled test [POST]

o Resource: /monitoring/regions/{regionId}/hosts/{hostId}/

o Method: POST


o Query string parameters: none

o Request body:

Body Content Representation

Data measure test and host destination XML/JSON

o JSON descriptor body request example:

{

‘type’:’bdw’

‘regionId’: ‘trento’,

‘hostIdDestination’: ‘0145’,

‘frequency’: 5 // minutes

}



200 OK Data Schedule Test XML/JSON


503 Endpoint not present none none



{

‘BDW_endpoint_dest_schedule’: [

{



‘frequency’: 5

},

}

Delete scheduled test [DELETE]

o Resource: /monitoring/regions/{regionId}/hosts/{hostId}/schedule

o Method: DELETE


o Query string parameters: none



o Request body:

Body Content Representation

Data hostdestination XML/JSON

o JSON descriptor body request example:

{


{



}

]

}



200 OK Data Scheduled Test XML/JSON


503 Endpoint not present none none



[

{


‘hostId’: ‘0018’,


{

‘regionId’: ‘madrid’,



}

],

‘OWD_endpoint_dest_schedule’: [

{




},

{

‘regionId’: ‘madrid’,



}

]

}

]



2.2.9.2 Handbook

In order to test the performance of this component, the reader will be required to use any available tool

capable of creating HTTP requests. For this concrete manual, Chrome REST Console [3] was the

chosen tool (a HTTP Client and Request Visualizer which helps developers to create, debug and test

RESTful APIs).

Request an On-Demand Test between endpoints

A Call instance resource represents a measure between a host A and host B. The following

parameters are needed to run Test On-Demand (OWD or BDW):

o URI: http://{hostServerNAM}:{portNAM}/monitoring/host2hosts/{serviceType}/

{regionId_Source}-{hostId_Source};{regionId_Destination}-{hostId_Destination}

o Method: GET




Example of usage:

An on-demand OWD Test from:

o Host A: {regionId:UPM_Madrid; hostId:002}

o to Host B: { regionId:UPM_Madrid; hostId:001}

can be triggered by using REST Console as follows:

Figure 13: Request On-demand OWD Test



Figure 14: Response On-demand OWD Test – REST Console

Figure 15: Response On-demand OWD Test – Web Browser

Configure scheduled tests in a given host

To schedule a test (OWD or BDW) in a given host you need the following parameters:

o URI:

http://{hostServerNAM}:{portNAM}/monitoring/regions/{regionId}/hosts/{hostId}/

o Method: POST





o Request body: Data measure test and host destination, in the following format:

‘{serviceType}_endpoint_dest_schedule’: [

{ ‘regionId’: ‘{ regionId }’,

‘hostIdDestination’: ‘{hostIdDestination}’,

‘frequency’:’{ frequency }’ // min

},

],

For instance:

‘OWD_endpoint_dest_schedule’: [

{ ‘regionId’: ‘trento’,

‘hostIdDestination’:’1234’,

‘frequency’:’5’

},

{ ‘regionId’: ‘madrid’,

‘hostIdDestination’:’123’,

‘frequency’:’5’

}

],

o Notes:

serviceType: OWD or BDW

frequency: time value must be specified in minutes

Example of usage:

A BDW Test can be scheduled in a concrete host, where:

o Host to be configured: {regionId:UPM_Madrid; hostId:002}

o Host to test periodically: {regionId:UPM_Madrid; hostId:001}



Figure 16: Request Scheduled BDW Test – REST Console

NAM Dashboard Prototype

Whilst the Monitoring Dashboard is under development in WP4, and the integration process is still

pending to be accomplished, a provisional dashboard has been developed to display the usage of

the NAM Adapter. The reader must be aware of this graphical interface will not be the final

approach to be integrated within the XIFI Portal. Nevertheless, for the time being, it may represent

a testing environment instead of the REST Console.

The URL where this draft GUI can be accessed is: http://router-gatv.gatv.ssr.upm.es:8080/.

http://router-gatv.gatv.ssr.upm.es:8080/



Example of usage:

Figure 17: Test Latency (OWD) – NAM Adapter GUI

Figure 18: Test Latency Result – NAM Adapter GUI



2.3 Network Passive Monitoring-NPM Adapter

2.3.1 Summary

This component will be in charge of managing the Network Passive Monitoring (NPM) of the XIFI

Infrastructure Monitoring Middleware as it was introduced in the deliverable D3.1 [31]. This

component shall cover these integration scenarios:

with the Context Broker GE [7], using the components provided by FI-WARE (Event Broker

and NGSI adapter [9])

via a dedicated REST API

It is necessary to define the Nagios [23] services at the resource monitoring layer, so that a

configuration file (the so-called resourceElement-v1.0.cfg) has been written to accomplish this task.

The NPM Adapter enables the inclusion of both resource elements to be monitored and the KPIs (Key

Performance Indicators) to be collected via the SNMP protocol.

Reference


Reference

Stakeholders

Developers: those who want a) to be aware of the

network performance in real time for

experimentation b) to install a private XIFI node



Type of ownership Development and Extension

Original tool Nagios [23]

Nagira [25]

Planned OS

license --

Reference OS

community Nagios Community [18]

Table 11: NPM Adapter Context Details

Consist of

A script for the creation of MySQL DB:

xifi_npm_db_v1.0.txt

A Nagira-based API (the so called xifi-npm-

DBfeed), between Nagios and MySQL DB

A northbound REST API (xifi-npm-restserver)

Depends on

NGSI Adapter (WP3)






XIFI Monitoring Dashboard (WP4)

OS Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server, 64 bits

Nagios Core 3.4.1

nagios-plugins 1.4.1

Nagira 0.3.1 for internal APIs (between Nagios and

MySQL DB)

MySQL 5.5

RESTLET 2.1 for external APIs (of NPM Adapter)

Apache httpcomponents-client-4.3.1

MySQL Connector/J 5.1.27

Table 12: NPM Adapter Dependencies Summary



Giuseppe Ricucci [email protected] TI

Table 13: NPM Adapter Reference Details

2.3.3 Motivation

XIMM-NPM Adapters can be deployed as part of distributed infrastructure nodes enabling the

network resource monitoring along the XIFI community. In fact they provide the SNMP data

collection from the network resources and the adaptation layer between the monitoring lowest-layer

and the XIFI federation layer.



1 Assessment of Nagios Component

developer

Evaluation of Nagios as a tool to

perform network passive monitoring.

This process allows to determine

strengths and weaknesses.

2 Installation of Nagios Component

developer

First steps to know how-to install and

setup Nagios services.

3 Testing Nagios core and plugin Component

developer

Establishment a testing local scenario

to check the Nagios SNMP plugin

functions, for the collection of the



perfromance data of the monitored

resources.

4 Assessment and installation of

Nagira

Component

developer

Evaluation of Nagira as a tool to write

the internal Nagira-based API

component.

5 Development and local testing

of the software code

Component

developer

cfg-files, db-scripts, Nagira-based

API component and RESTlet-based

API server component.

6 Installation of NGSI Event

Broker and NGSI Adapter

Component

developer

For the integration and Alignment

with Federation Monitoring (Data

Model and API.

7 Alignment with Federation

Monitoring

Component

developer

Alignment with Federation

Monitoring regarding Data Model and

APIs.

8 Provision of manuals Component

developer

Installation and User Manuals are

available.

Table 14: NPM Adapter User Stories Backlog


2.3.5.1 Nagios

Nagios [23] is the de facto industry standard for monitoring IT infrastructures that empowers

organizations to identify and resolve IT infrastructure problems before they affect critical business

processes. Nagios offers more than 3,000 plugins, spanning from system metrics, network protocols,

applications, databases, services and servers. Moreover, Nagios provides means for reporting and

alerting. It is based on an open source software license under the terms of the GNU General Public

License version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation. Although Nagios was originally

designed to run under Linux, it shall work under most other machines.

Plugins are compiled executables or scripts (Perl scripts, shell scripts, etc.) that can be run from a

command line to check the status or a host or service. Nagios uses the results from plugins to

determine the current status of hosts and services on your network. Nagios will execute a plugin

whenever there is a need to check the status of a service or host. The plugin performs the check and

then returns the results to Nagios. These results will be processed and the required actions will be

taken (e.g. running event handlers or sending out notifications). Therefore, plugins act as an

abstraction layer between the monitoring logic present in the Nagios daemon and the actual services

and hosts that are being monitored, as depicted in Figure 19.

http://nagios.sourceforge.net/docs/3_0/eventhandlers.html

http://nagios.sourceforge.net/docs/3_0/notifications.html



Figure 19: Nagios monitoring Resources [23]

Nagios does not interpret the specifics of what is being monitored - it just tracks changes in the state

of those resources. Only the plugins themselves know exactly what they are monitoring and how to

perform the actual checks.

Plugins are not distributed with Nagios itself, but they can be downloaded from different Nagios and

developer-supported sources ([22], [20], [24]).

Nagios supports add-ons that allow the environment to monitor a large infrastructure. More

specifically, it provides two different options for setting up a distributed monitoring environment:

In case of relatively large installations that require off-loading checks of the monitoring server

to other machines, Nagios provides an add-on that faces the problem of scalability and

complexity of distributed Nagios setups, following a master/slave configuration approach. In

this respect, the Nagios server hands out jobs to slave nodes, while the master server contains

all the configuration and check definitions [4].

A different approach is followed in [19] and [21], where several Nagios servers that monitor a

portion of the entire infrastructure are set-up, managed by a central dashboard that allows

checking quickly the status of resources and services belonging to different portions of the

infrastructure from a single server. In contrast to the previous distribution approach, within

these add-ons the configuration is handled on the distributed (child) servers.

By using plugins and add-ons, Nagios offers the capability to monitor host resources and processes

(CPU load, memory usage, disk utilization, etc) as well as network services (SMTP, POP3, HTTP,

etc.) on Windows and Linux/Unix machines.


The NPM Adapter architecture is depicted below (Figure 20). It is flexible and scalable to be deployed

at the same time in both scenarios:

PUSH mode, using Event Broker + NGSI adapter to enable asynchronous and spontaneous

update of the data, for near- real-time performance monitoring of predefined resources. In this



case, the NPM Adapter is devoted to send SNMP native data to the NGSI adapter.

GET mode, using northbound REST APIs, to enable synchronous and scheduled update of

the data, for historical performance monitoring of predefined resources. In this case, the NPM

Adapter is devoted to collect SNMP native data, to translate and store them on the basis of the

data model, and finally to send them to a requesting assurance system via REST APIs.

The goal of its scalability can be reached with a deployment of multi-NPM nodes running as agents

dedicated for the monitoring of a set of resources that are assigned to a domain.

Figure 20: XIMM-NPM Architecture and Context


The NPM Adapter sends spontaneous data monitoring notifications (updateContext) to the Context

Broker GE via its NGSI Adapter, enhanced with the NPM Parser component, as described in NGSI

Adapter (section 2.1). The Nagios standard plugin used for NPM node is check_snmp, and in

particular the ngsi_event_broker_snmp.so is specifically designed to intercept check_snmp executions

thanks to its logic.

The NGSI Adapter is supported with a new parser check_snmp.js (NPM parser) responsible for

extracting the attribute list (i.e. 'ifOperStatus' = '2') from the POST request body sent by the NGSI

Event Broker. Given that, the core of NGSI Adapter composes a new NGSI10 updateContext message

and issues a request to Context Broker GE using: 1) the ‘id’ and ‘type’ URL parameters; and 2) the

attribute list returned by the parser.



2.3.7 Release Plan


v1.0 M4 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

v2.0 M9 7, 8

Table 15: NPM Adapter Release Plan



The configuration file resourceElement-v1.0.cfg, written for the definition of the Nagios services at the

resource element monitoring layer, runs with OS Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server, 64 bits and already

installed:

Nagios Core 3.4.1

nagios-plugins 1.4.1.

It is necessary for both integration scenarios:

with the Context Broker, using the modules Event Broker and NGSI adapter

via the developed REST API


All the software and the required libraries (Apache HTTP client, MySQL and RESTlet) are placed in

the repository: https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/. More specifically, the

component's code is placed in the following references:

cfg-files: https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/cfg-files

db-scripts: https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/db-scripts

Nagira-based API component:

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-DBfeed

RESTlet-based API server component:

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-restserver


The installation of the NPM Adapter, including the configuration/script files, can be seen divided in


https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/cfg-files

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/db-scripts

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-DBfeed

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-restserver



1. Configuration of Nagios (for both integration scenarios)

Create a configuration file for the network elements, the so called resourceElement-

v1.0.cfg, and save it in directory /etc/nagios/objects/

Edit the already existing Nagios configuration file /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg, with the new

line cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/resourceElement-v1.0.cfg

2. Creation of MySQL DB with a script

Download https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/db-

scripts/xifi_npm_db_v1.0.txt

Modify xifi_npm_db_v1.0.txt and set the credentials <username> and <password>

With a command line shell terminal:

$ mysql -u root -p

Type the requested MySQL's root user password (decided during MySQL installation). So the

CLI MySQL interpreter runs:

mysql>

With a text editor, copy the text of the file xifi_npm_db_v1.0.txt and paste it on CLI

prompt (mysql>)

Both structure of the db and its instances (needed by the DBFeed module) are created

with ‘xifi_npm_db’ name

3. Set-up of the internal Nagira-based API component

Make a work directory:

$ mkdir workdir (i.e., /home/tilab/workdir)

Go to the work directory:

$ cd workdir

Download: https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-

DBfeed/dist/xifi-npm-DBfeed.tar.gz

Extract the DBfeed package:

$ tar -zxvpf DBfeed/xifi-npm-DBfeed.tar.gz

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/db-scripts/xifi_npm_db_v1.0.txt

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/db-scripts/xifi_npm_db_v1.0.txt

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-DBfeed/dist/xifi-npm-DBfeed.tar.gz

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-DBfeed/dist/xifi-npm-DBfeed.tar.gz



Step-by-step go to DBfeed directory, configure the package (if you need to modify it) and

start it:

$ cd xifi-npm-DBfeed

$ vi resources/default.properties

$ java -jar xifi-npm-DBfeed.jar &

4. Set-up of external RESTlet-based API server component

Make a work directory:

$ mkdir workdir

Go to the work directory:

$ cd workdir

Download: https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-

restserver/dist/xifi-npm-restapiserver.tar.gz

Extract the xifi-npm-restapiserver package:

$ tar -zxvpf RestApiServer/xifi-npm-restapiserver.tar.gz

Step-by-step go to xifi-npm-restapiserver directory, configure the package (if you need to

modify it) and start it:

$ cd ../xifi-npm-restapiserver

$ vi resources/default.properties

$ java -jar xifi-npm-DBfeed.jar &

5. Automatic startup of the packages

Go into the work directory:

$ cd workdir

Download https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-

DBfeed/dist/startDBfeed.sh

With a text editor open the script startDBfeed.sh and set the <PATH_WORKDIR>

decided during installation phase (i.e., /home/tilab/workdir).

Make the script executable:

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-restserver/dist/xifi-npm-restapiserver.tar.gz

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-restserver/dist/xifi-npm-restapiserver.tar.gz

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-DBfeed/dist/startDBfeed.sh

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-DBfeed/dist/startDBfeed.sh



$ chmod 744 startDBfeed.sh

Download https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-

restserver/dist/startrestapiserver.sh

With a text editor open the script startrestapiserver.sh and set the <PATH_WORKDIR>

decided during installation phase (i.e., /home/tilab/workdir).

Make the script executable:

$ chmod 744 startrestapiserver.sh

Add @reboot tag to crontab. For that edit the crontab file, launching this command:

$ crontab -e

So a file editor is open for adding the following line:

$ @reboot <PATH_WORKDIR>/startrestapiserver.sh ;

<PATH_WORKDIR>/startDBfeed.sh

Save the file. Please note to set <PATH_WORKDIR> (in the file) decided during

installation phase (i.e., /home/tilab/workdir).

2.3.9 User Manual


This section defines the northbound APIs of the XIMM-NPM Adapter in the area of resource

performance monitoring. In particular, these APIs cover two retrieval functions:

Resource discovery, in order to construct the map of the monitored resources (i.e. a port of a

network element) of the XIMM-NPM node;

Data monitoring information (KPIs), in order to collect the status/performance data associated

to the monitored resources and stored on the XIMM-NPM’s database.

This specification is defined in a neutral manner to the set of the KPIs (Key Performance Indicators)

and to the nature of the resources.

Resource Discovery [GET]

Through the northbound XIMM-NPM APIs, the resource discovery function allows to retrieve all

the information about the monitored resources of a specified domain and/or resource element. This

information is enough to be used for the data monitoring collection.

This function is a GET operation, here called GetResourceDiscovery, and can be seen as

GetResourceDiscoveryRequest/Response with syntax and notation according to the following

conventions:

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-restserver/dist/startrestapiserver.sh

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/NPM_Adapter/trunk/xifi-npm-restserver/dist/startrestapiserver.sh



o GetResourceDiscoveryRequest:

Name Description Format Mandatory Notes

SearchKey

A set of words that

will help you find

the monitored

resource

information

STRING YES

• DomainName (default)

• NeName (full / partial) i.e.

the full/partial name of the

network element

o GetResourceDiscoveryResponse:


Result The result of the

request STRING YES

It can be valued by:

• OK

• KO

ErrorCode

A code associated

to the failed

request.

STRING NO It can only be valued if

Result=KO

List

SearchKey The key of the

search STRING YES

Timestamp

Timestamp of the

resource

information

collection

STRING YES Format:

YYYYMMDDHH24MISS

List

VariableName

Name of the

variable, that is the

resource

STRING NO

At the Resource Element

Layer:

• NeName

At the Resource Port Layer:

• NeName/port-id

VariableChar

The characteristic

of the variable

(resource)

STRING NO

At the Resource Element

Layer:

• i.e. Cisco GigaSwitchRouter

At the Resource Port Layer:

• i.e. Fast Ethernet

VariableIPAddress

The IP address of

the variable

(resource)

STRING NO Format:

YYYYMMDDHH24MISS

Value The value of the

variable STRING NO

i.e. SIRIUS/19 if

VariableName=NeName/port-

id



Data Retrieval [GET]

Through the northbound XIMM-NPM API, the data monitoring information function allows to

collect the status/performance data associated to the monitored resources (i.e. a port of a network

element) and stored on the database.

o GetDataMonitoringInformationRequest:


ResourceID Identifier of the

monitored resource STRING YES

The full distinguished

name:

• NeName

• NeName/port-id

Subtree

When the request

includes the data

collection of the

children-resources

(in our case,

monitored ports of

a specified network

element)

BOOLEAN YES • true, false

Timeframe

The time duration

of the historical

data collection

STRING YES

• valueChange, daily

(default), weekly, monthly

valueChange is the starting

timeframe

(format: YYYMMDDHH)

Timestamp

The ending

timeframe, i.e. from

now to the previous

24 hours

(timeframe=daily)

STRING YES format: YYYYMMDDHH

o GetDataMonitoringInformationResponse:


Result The result of the

request STRING YES

It can be valued by:

• OK

• KO

ErrorCode

A code associated

to the failed

request.

STRING NO It can only be valued if

Result=KO

List

ResourceID The identifier of the

resource STRING YES



Timestamp

Timestamp of the

resource

information

collection

STRING YES Format:

YYYYMMDDHH24MISS

List

VariableName

Name of the

variable, that is the

KPI name

STRING NO

At the resource element

layer:

• sysUpTime

At the resource port layer:

• ifOperStatus

• ifInOctects

• ifInUcastPkts

• ifInDiscards

• ifInError

• ifOutOctects

• ifOutUcastPkts

• ifOutDiscards

• ifOutError

List

Timestamp Timestamp STRING YES Format:

YYYYMMDDHH24MISS

Value The value of the

variable (resource) STRING NO

Resource Data Monitoring Info [POST]

o URI: [RootURI]/datamonitoringinfo

o HTTP method: POST

o Request XML message: DataMonitoringInformationRequest

o Response XML message: DataMonitoringInformationResponse

Resource Discovery [POST]

o URI: [RootURI]/monitoredresourcediscovery

o HTTP method: POST

o Request XML message: ResourceDiscoveryRequest

o Response XML message: ResourceDiscoveryResponse

2.3.9.2 Handbook

How to define the SNMP Nagios service

The above mentioned cfg file, the so called resourceElement-v1.0.cfg defines the SNMP objects to

be monitored in terms of HOST DEFINITION (the network elements) and SERVICE

DEFINITION (i.e. the KPIs for each port of the network element).



o Host Definition: you need hostname and IP address.

define host{

use generic-switch ; Inherit default

values from a

template

host_name SIRIUS ; The name we're giving

to this switch

alias Cisco Switch ; A longer name

associated

with the

switch

address 163.162.45.98 ; IP address of the

switch

hostgroups switches ; Host groups this

switch is

associated

with

}

o Service Definition: for each hostname (network element) you need to define the set of

KPIs for each resource (i.e. port) to be monitored. For example the LINK STATUS

SERVICE for the status port monitoring (SNMP OBJECT ifOperStatus:

.1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8.) of each network element.

The below use case is the ifOperStatus of the port 19 (.1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8.20) and port 20

(.1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8.21) of the switch SIRIUS.

Link Status:

define service{

use generic-service ; Inherit

values from a

template

host_name SIRIUS

service_description Port 19 Link Status

check_command check_snmp!-C public -o

.1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8.20 -m

RFC1213-MIB

}

define service{

use generic-service ; Inherit

values from a

template

host_name SIRIUS

service_description Port 20 Link Status

check_command check_snmp!-C public -o

.1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8.21 -m

RFC1213-MIB

}

The other services at the interface level are the following:

o Input/Output Octects;



o Input/Output Unicast Packet;

o Input/Output Discard;

o Input/Output Error.

After having defined the services, save this file in directory /etc/nagios/objects/. Finally you need

to restart the Nagios service, so open a terminal and execute the command:

$ sudo service nagios restart

How to configure default.properties file

On the installation phase, you need to configure the default.properties files of both DBfeed and

RestAPIserver components (see the above Setup Guidelines).

o DBFeed:

check_interval=300 (snmp polling interval in seconds)

db_name=xifi_npm_db (name of the DB)

mysql_user=sqluser (username, for example sqluser)

mysql_password=sqluserpw (password, for example sqluserpw)

nagira_ip_address=163.162.107.238 (IP address of the server

that runs nagira)

nagira_port=4567 (port on which nagira is listening)

o RestApiServer:

rest_server_port=7575 (port on which Restlet is listening)

db_name=xifi_npm_db (name of the DB)

mysql_user=sqluser (username, for example sqluser)

mysql_password=sqluserpw (password, for example sqluserpw)

2.4 Datacentre & Enabler Monitoring-DEM Adapter

2.4.1 Summary

According to the deliverable D3.1 [31], the Datacentre and Enablers Monitoring (DEM) Adapter is

responsible for performing the monitoring (along with the necessary adaptation mechanisms) of the

node and the Generic Enablers in terms of computing and storage resources. It is one of the

components belonging to the XIFI Infrastructure Monitoring Middleware (XIMM) as it provides

monitoring and adaptation functionalities.

The DEM Adapter provides the following features:

An abstraction and adaptation layer that caters for gathering monitoring data related to the

Data Centre and the Generic Enablers (GE) deployment.

Integration with the pertinent FI-WARE GE components (NGSI adapter/Context

Broker/COSMOS), providing data in a form that can be easily translated to NGSI interface

[10] that is used by ORION Context Broker GE.



Provide an instantiation mechanism for DEM Adapter to XIFI nodes (through a deployment

process via ITBox).

Figure 21 depicts the context where DEM Adapter is placed in the architecture of a generic XIFI

Node, as it is described in deliverable D1.3 - Federated Platform Architecture v1.

DEM Adapter is enclosed in the entity Monitoring Adapter & Collector and Monitor Probe,

marked in yellow.

The components directly related to DEM Adapter are marked in green: NGSI Adapter to parse

the data to a standard NGSI 10 format as well as the Context Broker GE and BigData GE,

which belong to the federation layer.

Figure 21: DEM Adapter within the Architecture of a generic XIFI Node



Reference


Reference

Stakeholders

Developers: those who want to install a private

XIFI node



Type of

ownership Extension

Original tool Nagios

Planned OS

license Apache License Version 2.0 [1]. As the original tool.

Reference OS

community Nagios community [18]

Table 16: DEM Adapter Context Details

Consist of

Nagios Core installed in the OpenStack Controller or in an individual node

nrpe and plugins installed in the VMs (to be

monitored) in the OpenStack Compute node servers

DEM Adapter on the OpenStack Controller or

individual VM

Depends on

NGSI Adapter (WP3)




Table 17: DEM Adapter Dependencies Summary



P. Trakadas [email protected] SYNELIXIS

A. Papadakis [email protected] SYNELIXIS

P. Karkazis [email protected] SYNELIXIS

Table 18: DEM Adapter Reference Details



2.4.3 Motivation

Monitoring of virtual machines is a critical part in every cloud environment, allowing both

infrastructure owners and application developers to collect data and services.

In a federated cloud environment, such as XIFI, state-of-the-art solutions, as will be discussed later,

are not directly applicable at the moment. This primarily stems from the fact that FI-PPP has been

built around the notion of Generic Enablers (GEs) that are not inherently supported by current cloud

environments, such as OpenStack. Moreover, federation of pan-European cloud facilities adds extra

complexity, requiring special care in terms of monitoring. In this context, one has to determine the

requirements and carefully select and develop tools and adapters needed to support monitoring of

several resources from virtual machines collected by heterogeneous cloud environments.

DEM Adapter provides many advantages:

it is compliant with the FI-WARE developments, such as NGSI adapter, Orion GE [12] and

COSMOS GE [6]

it includes monitoring solutions already installed on the majority of cloud infrastructures

it is easily extensible to other monitoring tools that may be present in the future, targeting

sustainability of XIFI

it is tailored for scalability needs of XIFI



1 Install Nagios NRPE Component

developer

Nagios NRPE is deployed on physical

server and compatibility with DEM is

verified

2 Initial set of measurements in a

single node (physical server)

Component

developer

DEM can retrieve an initial set of

measurements from a single node

3 Install Nagios NRPE on VM Component

developer

Nagios NRPE is deployed on VM and

compatibility with DEM is verified


VM

Component

developer


measurements from a VM


GE

Component

developer


measurements from a VM, where a

GE is deployed

6 Integration with NGSI adapter Component

developer

Compliant with the XIMM

architecture and the inclusion of

NGSI adapter.



7 Architecture refinement Component

developer

Alignment with Monitoring Data

Model and APIs.

8 Measurements from multiple

VMs/GEs

Component

developer

DEM retrieves information from

multiple VMs/GEs

9 Measurements from multiple

VMs/GEs in multiple nodes

Component

developer

DEM retrieves information from

multiple VMs/GEs in multiple nodes

10 Integration with Federation

Monitoring

Component

developer

Integration of software elements with

the Federation Monitoring is ready

through the NGSI adapter.

11 Final set of documentation

ready

Component

developer

Release a stable and enhanced version

of manuals and procedures.

Table 19: DEM Adapter User Stories Backlog


The objective of this section is to analyze the requirements arising from a federated cloud

infrastructure standpoint, such as XIFI, and come up with a promising solution that goes beyond the

state-of-the-art.

The most probable case in a federated service cloud environment is the one in which each

infrastructure owner is already using his own monitoring system. Background solutions

mainly include Nagios [23], Zabbix [32] and OpenNMS [27] as the most representative tools.

Moreover, taking for granted that new nodes will join the XIFI federation, it is likely that the

aforementioned list of monitoring tools will be extended. Thus, the first requirement that has

to be faced is the definition of an abstract approach towards a monitoring adapter that will

‘homogenize’ data collected by different monitoring tools and present them in a consistent and

compatible fashion.

Apart from the requirements stemming from the heterogeneity of monitoring tools, as

described above, there is also a need to store monitoring data both on node and federation

level. As an additional requirement, the proposed solution must be consistent with the overall

XIFI architecture.

Furthermore, the proposed solution must also provide means for the proper operations on

these data, such as aggregation, filtering, etc. Thus, the monitoring solution will be capable of

being connected with other modules developed within XIFI, such as Scalability Manager and

SLA Management.

Finally, an additional requirement is set by the demand for accessing both real-time and off-

line data. In this perspective, the DEM solution must provide mechanisms for retrieving such

data in an easy way.



As XIFI is part of the FI-PPP programme and is closely cooperating with other projects, it was firstly

assessed whether already developed tools, adapters or FI-WARE GEs could fulfil such requirements.

At this point, the NGSI Adapter described in section 2.1 stands as a promising solution for XIMM

adapters as it is a key component to allow incorporating monitoring and metering mechanisms in order

to be able to constantly check the performance of the system, providing a simple architecture that can

be easily extended to collect data for other required needs.


XIMM-DEM is the component responsible for collecting and publishing monitored data from virtual

servers. These data basically consist of performance data from hosts and services. Datacentre

monitoring will be valuable for XIFI interests since it enables to check host resources, such as

processor load, RAM utilization, disk usage and number of running processes. Besides, service

checking may be oriented to determine the actual performance of those FI-WARE GE instances

deployed, providing the federation with service information.

The DEM Adapter will leverage on the data obtained from already deployed monitoring tools in

charge of running the actual monitoring processes. There are several popular systems that can be taken

into consideration for this purpose, such as the case of Nagios. The collection of the monitored data is

not useful until an entity defines where the data (coming from the different sources of information, e.g.

VMs) can be 'consumed' by interested users.

The DEM Adapter stands as the 'glue' between the source of monitoring information (plugins on

virtual servers) and the NGSI adapter that will post these data to the Context Broker entity, providing

homogeneous representation of the data (based on an already defined data model) and being

compatible with the NGSI-10 API provided by FI-WARE [10].

For the sake of completeness, in the next figure a detailed representation of the adapter is depicted.

Figure 22: XIMM-DEM Architecture and Context



As described in the following sections, DEM Adapter will be installed in each infrastructure, along

with an instance of NGSI adapter, Orion GE and COSMOS GE. Moreover, an instance of these GEs

will be deployed on the Master node for federation purposes.


Figure 23: DEM Adapter - Sequence Diagram

2.4.7 Release Plan


v0.1 M6 1, 2

v1.0 M9 3, 4, 5

v1.5 M12 6, 7, 8, 9

v2.0 M19 10, 11

Table 20: DEM Adapter Release Plan


This section provides step-by-step guidelines for the installation of the required modules and

components in order to setup the monitoring of the physical and virtual servers of a particular node in

the XIFI federation.

In particular, these manuals are foreseen for:

Installation of Nagios on OpenStack controller (or individual VM),

Installation of nrpe and plugins in VMs (OpenStack compute) to be monitored,



Installation of the DEM Adapter (Nagios Core NGSI 9/10 Context Broker),

Installation of Orion Context Broker on the XIFI node (including Master node).


DEM Adapter only requires the latest version of Java (version 7) to be installed.


The source code can be downloaded from the following repository:

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/DEM_Adapter/

Please download the latest version of DEM Adapter.

Also, the source code is also available at: http://synelixis.com/xifi. The required credentials are:

username: xifi

password: xifi#2013#


Installation Nagios Core

This section describes the steps to install Nagios on the Monitoring node. In our case, the

monitoring node is considered to be the controller node of the OpenStack Cloud but any other PC

can be used. These steps require administrator privileges.

Prerequisites

o Ubuntu 12.04 LTS is already installed.

o OpenStack (Grizzly) is already installed.

Installation steps:

1. Requirements

In monitoring host must be already installed the following packages Apache 2,PHP,GCC

compiler and development libraries, GD development libraries.

sudo apt-get install apache2

sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5

sudo apt-get install build-essential

sudo apt-get install libgd2-xpm-dev sudo

apt-get install libssl-dev

2. Create Nagios Account:

sudo -s

/usr/sbin/useradd -m -s /bin/bash nagios

passwd nagios

Create a new nagcmd group for allowing external commands to be submitted through the web

interface. Add both the Nagios user and the apache user to the group.


http://synelixis.com/xifi



/usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd

/usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios

/usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd www-data

3. Download Nagios Packages:

mkdir ~/downloads

cd ~/downloads

wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-

3.4.1.tar.gz

wget https://www.nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-

1.4.16.tar.gz

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-

2.15/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

cd ~/downloads

tar xzf nagios-3.4.1.tar.gz

tar xzf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz

tar xzf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

4. Nagios Core installation

Compile and installation of nagios-3.4.1 package:

cd nagios

./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd

make all

make install

make install-init

make install-config

make install-commandmode

Configure Web Interface. Install the Nagios web config file in the Apache conf.d directory:

make install-webconf

Create a nagiosadmin account for logging into the Nagios web interface. Remember the

password you assign to this account – you will need it later.

htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin

Restart Apache to make the new settings take effect:

/etc/init.d/apache2 reload



5. Nagios plugins installation:

cd ~/downloads/nagios-plugins-1.4.16

./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

make

make install

6. Start Nagios

Configure Nagios to automatically start when the system boots:

ln -s /etc/init.d/nagios /etc/rcS.d/S99nagios

Verify the sample Nagios configuration files:

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

If there are no errors, start Nagios:

/etc/init.d/nagios start

7. Login to the Web Interface

You should now be able to access the Nagios web interface at the URL below.

You will be prompted for the username (nagiosadmin) and password you specified above.

http://localhost/nagios/

8. Install check_nrpe plugin:

cd ~/downloads/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

./configure

make all

make install-plugin

Note: If configuration process cannot find ssl libs…

checking for type of socket size... size_t

checking for SSL headers... SSL headers found in /usr

checking for SSL libraries... configure: error: Cannot find ssl

libraries



They shall be found manually:

apt-file search libssl | grep libssl-dev

libssl-dev: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.a

libssl-dev: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so

libssl-dev: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/libssl.pc

libssl-dev: /usr/share/doc/libssl-dev/changelog.Debian.gz

libssl-dev: /usr/share/doc/libssl-dev/changelog.gz

libssl-dev: /usr/share/doc/libssl-dev/copyright

Reconfigure the plugin and continue with the compilation/installation:

./configure --with-ssl=/usr/bin/openssl --with-ssl-

lib=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu<br />

9. Create a Nagios Command definition for using the check_nrpe plugin

In order Nagios Core to use the check_nrpe plugin a command definition must be created in

Nagios object configuration files. To do so, open commands.cfg file and add the following

definition: (/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg)

define command {

command_name check_nrpe

command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -C $ARG1$

}

10. Create host and service definitions

At this point, we must define the remote host and its services to Nagios Core. It is strongly

recommended that these definitions are to be placed in a separate configuration file per host.

Create a new file (e.g. miniUbuntu-0.cfg) with the following content:

define host{

use linux-server

host_name miniUbuntu-0

alias Ubuntu 12.04

address 192.168.1.244

}

define service{

use generic-service


service_description CPU Load

check_command check_nrpe!check_load

}

define service{

use generic-service


service_description Current Users

check_command check_nrpe!check_users

}



define service{

use generic-service


service_description VHDD Free space

check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1

}

define service{

use generic-service


service_description Total Proccess

check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs

}

define service{

use generic-service


service_description Zombie Processes

check_command check_nrpe!check_zombie_procs

}

define service{

use generic-service


service_description RAM Memory

check_command check_nrpe!check_memory

}

define service{

use generic-service


service_description Memory Swap

check_command check_nrpe!check_swap

}

Next, in /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg file add the following line:

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/miniUbuntu-0.cfg

and proceed with verification of Nagios Configuration file:


If there is no error, we can restart Nagios:

service nagios restart

At this point we are not able to get any measurements from any remote host because we have

not installed anything there, but we must be able to see remote host’s name and services from

Nagios Web interface.



Installation Nagios nrpe and plugins

This section describes the steps to install Nagios on a remote host. In our case, as remote host is

considered a VM in a compute node of the OpenStack Cloud.

Prerequisites

o Ubuntu 12.04 LTS is already installed in a VM.

o OpenStack (Grizzly, compute) is already installed on Compute node.

Installation steps:

1. Requirements

In the remote host, the following packages must have been already installed: gcc, make, libssl-

dev.

2. Create Nagios Account:

sudo -i

/usr/sbin/useradd nagios

passwd nagios

3. Download Nagios Packages:

mkdir ~/downloads

cd ~/downloads

wget https://www.nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-

1.4.16.tar.gz

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-

2.15/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

cd ~/downloads

tar xzf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz

tar xzf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

4. Install Nagios plugins:

cd ~/downloads/nagios-plugins-1.4.16

./configure

make

make install

Set right permissions to plugin directory:

chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios

chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec



5. Install xinetd

If xinetd is not already installed with Ubuntu:

apt-get install xinetd

6. Install nrpe daemon:

cd ~/downloads/nrpe-2.15

./configure

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

Install the NRPE daemon as a service under xinetd:

make install-xinetd

Set Monitoring Host IP address (or where Nagios Core is installed) in /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe file

(apart from loopback address, you can add as many addresses related to the Nagios Core

installations, if many, accessing the nrpe)

only_from - 127.0.0.1 <nagiosCore_ip_address> Add the following entry for the NRPE

daemon to the /etc/services file:

nrpe 5666/tcp # NRPE

Restart xinetd service:

service xinetd restart

7. Test NRPE daemon Locally

First, we check if nrpe daemon is started:

netstat -at | grep nrpe

tcp 0 0*:nrpe *:* LISTEN

and then if it works properly:

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost

NRPE v2.15



8. Customize NRPE commands

Make sure that all services are defined in /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg file:

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c

10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w

15,10,5 -c 30,25,20

command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c

10% -p /dev/vda1

command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs

-w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -

w 150 -c 200

command[check_memory]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_memory.sh -w

70 -c 90

command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c

10%

Add a new file check_memory.sh in /usr/local/nagios/libexec with the following context:

#!/bin/bash

#

# Script to check memory usage on Linux. Ignores memory used by

disk cache.

#

# Requires the bc command

#

print_help() {

echo ‘Usage:’

echo ‘[-w] Warning level as a percentage’

echo ‘[-c] Critical level as a percentage’

exit 0

}

while test -n ‘$1’; do

case ‘$1’ in

--help|-h)

print_help

exit 0

;;

-w)

warn_level=$2

shift

;;

-c)

critical_level=$2

shift

;;

*)

echo ‘Unknown Argument: $1’

print_help

exit 3

;;

esac

shift

done



if [ ‘$warn_level’ == ‘‘ ]; then

echo ‘No Warning Level Specified’

print_help

exit 3;

fi

if [ ‘$critical_level’ == ‘‘ ]; then

echo ‘No Critical Level Specified’

print_help

exit 3;

fi

free=`free -m | grep ‘Mem:’ | awk '{print $4}'`

used=` free -m | grep ‘Mem:’ | awk '{print $3}'`

total=$(($free+$used))

result=$(echo ‘$used / $total * 100’ |bc -l|cut -c -4)

result=$(echo ‘$result’ | awk '{printf(‘%d\n’,$1 + 0.5)}')

if [ ‘$result’ -lt ‘$warn_level’ ]; then

echo ‘RAM Memory OK. $result% used.’

exit 0;

elif [ ‘$result’ -ge ‘$warn_level’ ] &&

[ ‘$result’ -le ‘$critical_level’ ]; then

echo ‘RAM Memory WARNING. $result% used.’

exit 1;

elif [ ‘$result’ -gt ‘$critical_level’ ]; then

echo ‘RAM Memory CRITICAL. $result% used.’

exit 2;

fi

Make check_memory.sh executable:

chmod 777 check_memory.sh

9. Check nrpe from monitoring host

Now, everything is setup and we can check the nrpe daemon from the monitoring host side, by

executing the following command (make sure that local firewall in remote host allows

connections on port 5666):

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H <Remote_Host_ip> -c

check_users

The response must be something like that:

USERS OK - 2 users currently logged in |users=2;5;10;0



10. Access remote host from Nagios Web Interface.

Installation is complete and you can access Nagios services from Web Interface in monitoring

host in the URL http://<monitoring_host_ip>/nagios.

Installation DEM Adapter

This section describes the steps to install DEM Adapter on the same server where Nagios core is

installed.

Prerequisites

The following packages must have been already installed: g++, make, libc6-dev, libstdc++6-dev,

java7, Nagios Core.

Installation steps:

1. Install Unix Domain Sockets for Java (junixsocket)

Download junixsocket tarball from https://code.google.com/p/junixsocket/downloads

Extract and copy the following files in /opt/newsclub/lib-native:

libjunixsocket-linux-1.5-amd64.so Linux Intel 64bit

libjunixsocket-linux-1.5-i386.so Linux Intel 32bit

2. Download and Install livestatus plugin:

cd ~/downloads

wget 'http://www.mathias-kettner.de/download/mk-livestatus-

1.2.2p2.tar.gz'

tar xzf mk-livestatus-1.2.2p2.tar.

cd mk-livestatus-1.2.2p2

./configure

make

make install

Create path for unix socket and change mode:

mkdir -p /var/lib/nagios/rw

chmod 777 /var/lib/nagios/rw -R

Add the following lines in nagios.cfg in order to configure Nagios to operate with livestatus

broker:

broker_module=/usr/local/lib/mk-livestatus/livestatus.o

var/lib/nagios/rw/live event_broker_options=-1

https://code.google.com/p/junixsocket/downloads



Restart Nagios to activate the changes:


Verify livestatus installation:

Open Nagios log file. You must read:

[1256144866] livestatus: Version 1.1.6p1 initializing. Socket

path: '/var/lib

/nagios/rw/live'

[1256144866] livestatus: Created UNIX control socket at

/var/lib/nagios/rw/

live

[1256144866] livestatus: Opened UNIX socket

/var/lib/nagios/rw/live

[1256144866] livestatus: successfully finished initialization

[1256144866] Event broker module '/usr/local/lib/mk-

livestatus/livestatus.o' initialized successfully.

[1256144866] Finished daemonizing... (New PID=5363)

[1256144866] livestatus: Starting 10 client threads

[1256144866] livestatus: Entering main loop, listening on UNIX

socket

You must be able to get host list from Nagios using unixcat:

echo 'GET hosts' | unixcat /var/lib/nagios/rw/live

3. Install Nagios NGSI Adapter

Download the latest version of NGSI Adapter from www.synelixis.com/xifi.

Username: xifi

Password:xifi#2013#

Or from https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/DEM_Adapter/

Extract nagiosNGSi directory and copy it to /usr/local/nagios.

Open configuration file /usr/local/nagios/nagiosNGSi/nagiosNGSi.cfg and set context brokers

url, polling time interval and regionid:

http://www.synelixis.com/xifi




polling_interval=5000

conUpdate_url=http://192.168.1.242:1026/NGSI10/updateContext

conRegistration_url=http://192.168.1.242:1026/NGSI9/registerContext

regionid={your regionid}

regionid should be one of the following strings according to the

location of the infrastructure: Trento, Berlin, Brittany, Sevilla,

Waterford

Start NGSI Adapter:

./nagiosNGSi.sh start

4. Check log file for errors:

tail -ff log/nagiosNGSi.logs

Installation Orion

1. Install the following packages (requirements for the given Orion RPMs) on a CentOS

VM:

# yum update && yum install boost-filesystem boost-thread

libmicrohttpd-devel python python-flask curl libxml2 nc mongodb

2. Install the Orion RPMs from https://forge.fi-ware.eu/frs/?group_id=7

3. When the RPMs are installed, the mongo server is not installed (the mongo binary

installed refers to the mongo interactive shell). Therefore, the following command should

be issued:

# yum install mongodb-server python-pymongo

4. The Context Broker assumes that a database called ‘orion’ exists in mongodb, as well as

an administrator user, also called ‘orion’, with password ‘orion’. The db actually exists,

but the user does not. Therefore, we should create it:

# mongo

> use orion

> db.addUser( { user: ‘orion’, pwd: ‘orion’, roles: [ ‘readWrite’,

‘dbAdmin’ ] } )

> exit

#

https://forge.fi-ware.eu/frs/?group_id=7



5. Since iptables is blocking access to port 1026 (default for contextBroker), we should open

it through the iptables conf file /etc/sysconfig/iptables

Add the line -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 1026 -j ACCEPT in

iptables conf file, right below the line enabling port 22 (-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m

tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT)

Restart iptables:

# service iptables restart

2.4.9 User Manual


Each operation specified here is based on the Data Model proposed in the Federation Monitoring

(check deliverable D2.2- APIs and Tools for Infrastructure Federation v1), in order to provide a

consistent architecture.

On the other hand, DEM Adapter provides the methods described in NGSI-9/10 specifications ([10],

[11]), to be compliant with Orion and COSMOS GEs.

2.4.9.2 Handbook

The primary objective of DEM Adapter is to retrieve monitoring data from Nagios, adapt them to

NGSI-9/10 API and post them to a Context Broker. In each execution cycle, DEM Adapter performs


Collects data from Nagios Core, regarding all monitored hosts and their respective services.

Processes information per node and per service.

Builds a ContextUpdate xml for each host, based in NGSI 10 API.

Posts the ContextUpdate xmls to Context Broker

In case where a host or a service is not registered in the Context Broker, DEM builds an

appropriate Registration xml (NGSI-9) and sends it to the Context Broker.

This document guides the user to configure and properly set up the DEM Adapter.

System Configuration

DEM configuration procedure is organized in two main parts. First, we must define DEM settings

for the communication between Nagios monitoring system and Context Broker. Second, we

describe the configuration procedure in order to add/remove nodes or monitored services.

First, we must define DEM settings for the communication between Nagios monitoring system

and Context Broker.

Service Settings

All DEM’s service settings are defined in nagiosNGSi.cfg file. These settings are:



o Nagios Polling interval in milliseconds. Defines how frequently DEM service asks

Nagios for update.

o Context Broker ContextUpdate URL. Defines the CB update URL based on NGSi10

API.

o Context Broker Registration URL. Defines the CB registration URL based on NGSi9

interface.

o Nagios Event Broker. Defines the path of unixsocket that is used by DEM in order to

communicate with Nagios.

o Log File. Defines the filename and the location of DEM log file.

o Region id. Defines the geographical region of the federated infrastructure.

o Debug. If true log files are kept.




unixSocket=/var/lib/nagios/rw/live

logfile=log/nagiosNGSi.log

regionid=Trento

debug=true

Add new host

In order to add new hosts (i.e. VMs) we need to create a new object definition per each new host.

It is strongly recommended that these definitions are placed in a separate file per new node.

Assuming that we need to add a new node (ubu-0 with IP address 192.168.1.244), create a file

(/usr/local/nagios/etc/ubu-0.cfg) with the following:

define host{

use linux-box

host_name ubu-0

alias Ubuntu 12.04LTS

address 192.168.1.244

}

Next, we must also define monitoring data (services) that are going to be collected by the new

host. We assume that we have already installed check_nrpe, plugins and nrpe addon packages in

ubu-0. From all the services that plugins package offers, we choose to retrieve the number of total

process, CPU usage and free hard disk space. So, we proceed by defining these services in ubu-

0.cfg by adding the following lines:

define service{

use generic-service

host_name ubu-0

service_description CPU Load

check_command check_nrpe!check_load

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name ubu-0



service_description /dev/hda1 Free Space

check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name ubu-0

service_description Total Processes

check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs

}

Finally, in order to inform Nagios Core for the introduction of a new host and services, we add the

following lines to nagios.cfg file:

# Definitions for monitoring the local (Linux) host

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/ubu-0.cfg

Verify your Nagios configuration files:


If everything is ok, restart Nagios:


You should see the host created in the Nagios web interface.

Add new monitoring service

In this section we define and test the implementation of a new, custom monitoring metric

(service), e.g. RAM memory usage.

In remote host, create a new file named check_memory.sh in /usr/local/nagios/libexec with the

following context:

#!/bin/bash

#

# Script to check memory usage on Linux. Ignores memory used by

disk cache.

#

# Requires the bc command

#

print_help() {

echo ‘Usage:’

echo ‘[-w] Warning level as a percentage’

echo ‘[-c] Critical level as a percentage’

exit 0

}

while test -n ‘$1’; do

case ‘$1’ in

--help|-h)

print_help



exit 0

;;

-w)

warn_level=$2

shift

;;

-c)

critical_level=$2

shift

;;

*)

echo ‘Unknown Argument: $1’

print_help

exit 3

;;

esac

shift

done

if [ ‘$warn_level’ == ‘‘ ]; then

echo ‘No Warning Level Specified’

print_help

exit 3;#i

if [ ‘$critical_level’ == ‘‘ ]; then

echo ‘No Critical Level Specified’

print_help

exit 3;

fi

free=`free -m | grep ‘Mem:’ | awk '{print $4}'`

used=` free -m | grep ‘Mem:’ | awk '{print $3}'`

total=$(($free+$used))

result=$(echo ‘$used / $total * 100’ |bc -l|cut -c -4)

result=$(echo ‘$result’ | awk '{printf(‘%d\n’,$1 + 0.5)}')

if [ ‘$result’ -lt ‘$warn_level’ ]; then

echo ‘RAM Memory OK. $result% used.’

exit 0;

elif [ ‘$result’ -ge ‘$warn_level’ ] &&

[ ‘$result’ -le ‘$critical_level’ ]; then

echo ‘RAM Memory WARNING. $result% used.’

exit 1;

elif [ ‘$result’ -gt ‘$critical_level’ ]; then

echo ‘RAM Memory CRITICAL. $result% used.’

exit 2;

fi

Make check_memory.sh executable:

[email protected]:~# chmod 777 check_memory.sh

Test metric locally:

[email protected]:~# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_memory.sh -w

70 -c 90

RAM Memory OK. 29% used. (18921)



In monitoring node, define new metric in nrpe configuration file. Open

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg and add the following line:

command[check_memory]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_memory.sh -w

70 -c 90

Test metric remotely:

[email protected]:~# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H

192.168.1.244 -c check_memory

RAM Memory OK. 29% used. (18500)

Enable DEM Service

After configuration procedure is completed, we are ready to start DEM service:

[email protected]:/usr/local/nagios/nagiosNGSi# ./nagiosNGSi.sh

start

Starting nagiosNGSi ...

nagiosNGSi started …

In order to be sure that everything is working properly we open and check

/usr/local/nagio/nagiosNGSi/log/nagiosNGSi.log for errors. If all gone well you must see the

following output:

INFO: GET Services...

Dec 10, 2013 10:51:43 AM nagiosngsi.XML_File buildXMLupdate

INFO: File update_192.168.1.65.xml build completed.

Dec 10, 2013 10:51:43 AM nagiosngsi.WebClient postXML

INFO: Post: 0 Web Response status code: 200


INFO: Orion's Response: 200 OK















Context Broker

Registration Status

Get registered services for host 192.168.1.244:

[email protected]:#curl

192.168.1.242:1026/ngsi9/contextEntities/192.168.1.244 -s -S --

header 'Content-Type: application/xml' | xmllint --format -

<?xml version=‘1.0’?>

<discoverContextAvailabilityResponse>

<contextRegistrationResponseList>

<contextRegistrationResponse>

<contextRegistration>

<entityIdList>

<entityId type=‘VRTMachine’ isPattern=‘false’>

<id>192.168.1.244</id>

</entityId>

</entityIdList>

<contextRegistrationAttributeList>

<contextRegistrationAttribute>

<name>Region ID</name>

<type>String</type>

<isDomain>false</isDomain>

</contextRegistrationAttribute>


<name>CPU Load</name>

<type>String</type>




<name>Current Users</name>

<type>String</type>




<name>Memory Swap</name>

<type>String</type>




<name>RAM Memory</name>

<type>String</type>




<name>Total Proccess</name>

<type>String</type>




<name>VHDD Free space</name>

<type>String</type>




<name>Zombie Processes</name>

<type>String</type>





</contextRegistrationAttributeList>

<providingApplication>http://randomURL.com/VRTMachine</providingAp

plication>

</contextRegistration>

</contextRegistrationResponse>

</contextRegistrationResponseList>

</discoverContextAvailabilityResponse>

Update Status

Get last update values of 192.168.1.244 services:

[email protected]:# curl


header 'Content-Type: application/xml' | xmllint --format -<?xml

version=‘1.0’?>

<contextElementResponse>

<contextElement>

<entityId type=‘‘ isPattern=‘false’>

<id>192.168.1.244</id>

</entityId>

<contextAttributeList>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>

<contextValue>Trento</contextValue>

</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>

<contextValue>0.00</contextValue>

</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>

<contextValue>1</contextValue>

</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>




<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

</contextAttributeList>

</contextElement>

<statusCode>

<code>200</code>

<reasonPhrase>OK</reasonPhrase>

</statusCode>

</contextElementResponse>

2.5 OpenStack Data Collector

2.5.1 Summary

OpenStack Data Collector aims at collecting information from an OpenStack installation. Information

collected is capacity data as number of virtual machine deployed, number of cores available, size of

ram and size of disk, number of users/tenders registered. Information is collected using the OpenStack

keystone and nova APIs and/or the command line: unfortunately not all the data requested is available

through an API and for this reason the command line should be used.

As depicted in Figure 24, the context of this component is highlighted: OpenStack Data Collector

itself is part of the yellow block (Monitoring Adapter & Collector).

Figure 24: OpenStack Data Collector within the Architecture of a generic XIFI Node



Reference


Reference

Stakeholders

This component aims to provide capacity information

useful to Infrastructure Owners and FI Developers

Type of

ownership New component

Original tool None

Planned OS

license Apache License Version 2.0 [1]

Reference OS

community None at the moment

Table 21: OpenStack Data Collector Context Details

Consist of

OpenStackDataCollector: component collecting

OpenStack information from OpenStack APIs or

command line

Depends on Openstack. Grizzly version [29]

NGSI Adapter (WP3)

Table 22: OpenStack Data Collector Dependencies Summary



Attilio Broglio [email protected] CREATE-NET

Silvio Cretti [email protected] CREATE-NET

Table 23: OpenStack Data Collector Reference Details

2.5.3 Motivation

As said, this component aims at collecting capacity information from OpenStack installation like

number of cores installed, size of RAM and disk, number of virtual machines deployed, number of

http://www.openstack.org/

https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring



users/tenant registered. This component is needed in the XIFI landscape in order to provide capacity

data that otherwise is not gathered from the other monitoring adapters components and on the other

hand needed in order to monitor the capacity of the federation. This information is showed on the

Infographics and Status Pages Component (WP4) using infographics representation.



1 Collect info on capacity size

available on a given region

Infographics

and Status

Pages

Component

Capacity data as number of cores,

amount of RAM, amount of DISK,

number of users, number of VM

should be collected from OpenStack

(either APIs if possible or command

line).

Table 24: OpenStack Data Collector User Stories Backlog


At the moment we are not aware of any ‘off-the-shelf’ component that can provide the functionality of

OpenStack Data Collector. A possible alternative could be to use OpenStack Ceilometer [28] but in

the version of OpenStack currently used in XIFI (Grizzly) it is not in a stable and mature version.


The following figure (Figure 25) provides the design model of the OpenStack Data Collector

component.

Figure 25: OpenStack Data Collector Architecture

OpenStack Data Collector gathers capacity information on the resources available from OpenStack

APIs or OpenStack command line and sends them to the NGSI Adapter (section 2.1).



2.5.7 Release Plan


v1.0 M9 1

Table 25: OpenStack Data Collector Release Plan



Ubuntu 12.04 as operationg system

OpenStack Grizzly installed

Python installed (2.6+)


OpenStack Data Collector:

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/Openstack_Data_Collector/Trunk/OpenstackDataColle

ctor/


1. Install FI-WARE NGSI Adapter and properly configure it in order to register to the FI-WARE

Context Broker GE (Orion).

2. Get the region.js file from


ctor/ and copy it in the $NGSI_ADAPTER/lib/parsers (where NGSI_ADAPTER is the

installation directory of the FI-WARE NGSI Adapter).

3. Get the openstackdatacollector.py file from


ctor/

4. Copy the openstackdatacollector.py file on a OpenStack controller machine in a directory of

your choice (suggestion /usr/local/openstackdatacollector)

5. Edit the file openstackdatacollector.py and customize these parameters:

##Configure these parameters##

adapter_endpoint='endpoint of the NGSI Adapter'

username='admin'

password='put here admin password'

tenant_name='admin'

auth_url='put here authorization api url'

token='put here the token'

https://xifisvn.res.eng.it/wp3/software/Openstack_Data_Collector/Trunk/OpenstackDataCollector/



http://catalogue.fi-ware.eu/enablers/publishsubscribe-context-broker-orion-context-broker

http://catalogue.fi-ware.eu/enablers/publishsubscribe-context-broker-orion-context-broker







regionId='put here the region id'

regionName='put here the region name'

country='put here the two letters of the country'

latitude='put here GPS latitude'

longitude='put here GPS longitude'

2.5.9 User Manual

2.5.9.1 Handbook

In order to run the component:

Run NGSI Adapter

Open a terminal on the machine where the component has been installed

Go to the directory where the component has been installed

Run: python openstackdatacollector.py (you can also consider to run it as a daemon)



3 CONCLUSIONS

In this deliverable we described the different components required for the monitoring of the

infrastructure nodes within the XIFI community framework. With the descriptions provided, the

manuals and the software, an infrastructure owner shall be capable of integrating the 5 components

needed for a full inter and intra-infrastructure monitoring.

The components described are offering the ways to monitor both networks and data centres, at

different levels, to expose and control the relevant parameters of the infrastructures. On the one hand,

they will be used and presented in the dashboards addressed in WP4, for example to enable the

application developer to select the most suitable infrastructure, or the infrastructure resources; on the

other hand, to understand the XIFI community cloud and its connectivity performance.

The monitoring adapters presented assure the relevant interoperability between the networks data and

the data processing elements, allowing a smooth and seamless operation of the full infrastructures

federation.

Another meaningful aspect of the followed approach is the fact of presenting an innovative proposal

for a more standardized management interface, thus abstracting from the specific management tool,

and keeping updated information on the network and data centre status in a standardized and unified

manner.

Since the licences are open source and the code can be downloaded from the different repositories,

XIFI is targeting different open source communities, assuring the public availability of the solutions

developed.

The outcomes of this deliverable represent the first release of the XIFI monitoring adapters, which will

be installed and tested by the XIFI infrastructures in upcoming stages. This integration process will

reveal further actions to address in terms of the day-by-day feedback from the operations in the

infrastructures. This assessment will benefit the new infrastructure nodes selected in the XIFI Open

Call since they will be required to install the adaptation components.

Future releases of the adapters will incorporate more advanced features, coming from the requirements

identified in the XIFI lifecycle, and to perform with improved capabilities. The work will be reflected

in upcoming XIFI deliverable in year 2.

We prepared the base for future joining infrastructures and to run XIFI with full capacity on the

monitoring and infrastructures operation side.



REFERENCES

[1] Apache License, Version 2.0. http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html

[2] Bandwidth Test Controller (BWCTL) Details. http://software.internet2.edu/bwctl/

[3] Chrome REST Console. https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/rest-console/

[4] Distributed Nagios eXecutor.

http://library.nagios.com/library/products/nagiosxi/documentation/308-using-dnx-with-nagios

[5] FI-WARE Big Data GE Architecture Description. https://forge.fi-

ware.eu/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/FIWARE.ArchitectureDescription.Data.BigD

ata

[6] FI-WARE BigData COSMOS. http://catalogue.fi-ware.eu/enablers/bigdata-analysis-cosmos

[7] FI-WARE Context Broker GE Architecture Description. http://forge.fi-

ware.eu/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/FIWARE.ArchitectureDescription.Data.PubS

ub

[8] FI-WARE Monitoring GEi components. https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring

[9] FI-WARE NGSI Adapter. https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-

monitoring/tree/master/ngsi_adapter

[10] FI-WARE NGSI-10 Open RESTful API Specification. http://forge.fi-

ware.eu/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/FI-WARE_NGSI-

10_Open_RESTful_API_Specification

[11] FI-WARE NGSI-9 Open RESTful API Specification. http://forge.fi-

ware.eu/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/FI-WARE_NGSI-

9_Open_RESTful_API_Specification

[12] FI-WARE Orion Context Broker - User and Programmers Guide. https://forge.fi-

ware.eu/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/Publish/Subscribe_Broker_-

_Orion_Context_Broker_-_User_and_Programmers_Guide

[13] FI-WARE. http://www.fi-ware.eu/

[14] Future Internet Public-Private Partnership (FI-PPP). http://www.fi-ppp.eu/

[15] Internet 2 One-Way Ping (OWAMP). http://software.internet2.edu/owamp/

[16] Iperf measurement tool. http://code.google.com/p/iperf/

[17] Iperf. http://sourceforge.net/projects/Iperf/

[18] Nagios Community. http://community.nagios.org/

[19] Nagios Distributed Monitoring. http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Addons/Distributed-

Monitoring

[20] Nagios Downloads Page: http://www.nagios.org/download/

[21] Nagios Fusion. http://www.nagios.com/products/nagiosfusion

[22] Nagios Plugins Project: http://nagiosplug.sourceforge.net/

[23] Nagios. http://www.nagios.org/

[24] NagiosExchange.org: http://www.nagiosexchange.org/

[25] Nagira - Nagios RESTful API. http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Addons/APIs/Nagira--2D-

Nagios-RESTful-API/details

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html

http://software.internet2.edu/bwctl/

https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/rest-console/

http://library.nagios.com/library/products/nagiosxi/documentation/308-using-dnx-with-nagios

https://forge.fi-ware.eu/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/FIWARE.ArchitectureDescription.Data.BigData



http://catalogue.fi-ware.eu/enablers/bigdata-analysis-cosmos

http://forge.fi-ware.eu/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/FIWARE.ArchitectureDescription.Data.PubSub






http://forge.fi-ware.eu/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/FI-WARE_NGSI-10_Open_RESTful_API_Specification






https://forge.fi-ware.eu/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/Publish/Subscribe_Broker_-_Orion_Context_Broker_-_User_and_Programmers_Guide



http://www.fi-ware.eu/

http://www.fi-ppp.eu/

http://software.internet2.edu/owamp/

http://code.google.com/p/iperf/

http://sourceforge.net/projects/Iperf/

http://community.nagios.org/

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Addons/Distributed-Monitoring

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Addons/Distributed-Monitoring

http://www.nagios.org/download/

http://www.nagios.com/products/nagiosfusion

http://nagiosplug.sourceforge.net/

http://www.nagios.org/

http://www.nagiosexchange.org/

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Addons/APIs/Nagira--2D-Nagios-RESTful-API/details

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Addons/APIs/Nagira--2D-Nagios-RESTful-API/details



[26] Open Grid Forum. http://www.ogf.org/

[27] OpenNMS. http://www.opennms.org/

[28] OpenStack Ceilometer. https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Ceilometer

[29] OpenStack. http://www.openstack.org

[30] PerfSONAR. http://www.PerfSONAR.net/

[31] XIFI Deliverable D3.1. http://wiki.fi-xifi.eu/Public:D3.1

[32] Zabbix. http://www.zabbix.com/

http://www.ogf.org/

http://www.opennms.org/

https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Ceilometer

http://www.openstack.org/

http://www.perfsonar.net/

http://wiki.fi-xifi.eu/Public:D3.1

http://www.zabbix.com/



APPENDIX A: NGSI ADAPTER TEST CASES

Test id Test description Test script

1 Test nagios_parser - parse_fails_extra_perf_data_first_line test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js

2 Test nagios_parser - parse_fails_extra_perf_data_another_line test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js

3 Test nagios_parser -

parse_fails_third_perf_data_compound_line test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js

4 Test nagios_parser - parse_ok_singleline_text_output_only test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js

5 Test nagios_parser - parse_ok_multiline_text_output_only test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js


parse_ok_singleline_text_output_singleline_perf_data test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js


parse_fails_singleline_text_output_multiline_perf_data test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js


parse_ok_multiline_text_output_singleline_perf_data test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js


parse_ok_multiline_text_output_multiline_perf_data test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js

10 Test nagios_parser - get_update_request_fails_missing_entity_id test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js


get_update_request_fails_missing_entity_type test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js

12 Test nagios_parser - get_update_request_fails_empty_request test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js

13 Test check_disk -

get_update_request_fails_with_invalid_check_disk_content test/unit/test_check_disk.js


get_update_request_fails_with_multiple_partitions_check_disk_

content

test/unit/test_check_disk.js


get_update_request_ok_with_valid_check_disk_content test/unit/test_check_disk.js

16 Test check_disk - parse_ok_free_space_percentage test/unit/test_check_disk.js

17 Test check_load -

get_update_request_fails_with_invalid_check_load_content test/unit/test_check_load.js

18 Test check_load -

get_update_request_ok_with_valid_check_load_content test/unit/test_check_load.js

19 Test check_load - parse_ok_cpu_load_percentage test/unit/test_check_load.js

https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring/blob/master/ngsi_adapter/test/unit/test_nagios_parser.js












https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring/blob/master/ngsi_adapter/test/unit/test_check_disk.js




https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring/blob/master/ngsi_adapter/test/unit/test_check_load.js





20 Test check_mem -

get_update_request_fails_with_invalid_check_mem.sh_content test/unit/test_check_mem.sh.js

21 Test check_mem -

get_update_request_ok_with_valid_check_mem.sh_content test/unit/test_check_mem.sh.js

22 Test check_mem - parse_ok_used_mem_percentage test/unit/test_check_mem.sh.js

23 Test check_procs -

get_update_request_fails_with_invalid_check_procs_content test/unit/test_check_procs.js


get_update_request_ok_with_valid_check_procs_content test/unit/test_check_procs.js


get_update_request_ok_with_another_threshold_metric test/unit/test_check_procs.js

26 Test check_procs - parse_ok_number_of_procs test/unit/test_check_procs.js

27 Test check_users -

get_update_request_fails_with_invalid_check_users_content test/unit/test_check_users.js

28 Test check_users -

get_update_request_ok_with_valid_check_users_content test/unit/test_check_users.js

29 Test check_users - parse_ok_number_of_users_logged_in test/unit/test_check_users.js

Table 26: NGSI Adapter Test Cases

https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring/blob/master/ngsi_adapter/test/unit/test_check_mem.sh.js



https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring/blob/master/ngsi_adapter/test/unit/test_check_procs.js




https://github.com/Fiware/fiware-monitoring/blob/master/ngsi_adapter/test/unit/test_check_users.js





APPENDIX B: DEM ADAPTER TEST CASES

UNIT TEST 1 – Verification of Nagios Core installation

Description

Nagios Core is responsible for gathering monitoring data from remote hosts (VMs and physical)

through already installed nrpe daemon. In this test, we assume that Nagios core is installed and

running in a server named NCoreSrv and we are going to check the status of two services: Apache

server and Nagios Core.

Procedure

1. Check Apache service In order to check that Apache server is running, type the following.

The second line indicates the response.

root@NCoreSrv:~# ps aux | grep apache2

root 5125 0.0 0.2 24860 6880 ? Ss 19:09 0:00

/usr/sbin/apache2 -k start

If there is no response, this means that Apache server is not running and you must start

the service manually by typing:

root@NCoreSrv:~# service apache2 start''

2. Check Nagios Core service:

root@NCoreSrv:~# ps aux | grep nagios

nagios 32758 0.0 0.0 832824 2008 ? Ssl Nov14 30:11

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

If there is no response this means that Nagios Core is not running and you must start the

service manually:

root@NCoreSrv:~# service nagios start

3. Check Nagios Web interface. While the two aforementioned services are up and running,

we must be able to access the Nagios web interface at NCoreSrv URL

(http://localhost/nagios/)

http://localhost/nagios/



Figure 26: Nagios Web Interface

UNIT TEST 2 – Verification of Nagios plugin correct installation

Description

All monitored nodes must have a tool library responsible for gathering monitored data from each

host. Nagios plugins are placed in /usr/local/nagios/libexec/. It is noted that a user is able to

develop and add custom tools as well. In this unit test, we will check the existence and

functionality of Nagios plugins locally.

Procedure

We check one of the plugins which returns the number of the login users in the system.

root@ubu-0:~# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10


UNIT TEST 3 – Verification of nrpe connectivity to Nagios Core

Description

In this unit test, we check the connection between the local host (ip=192.168.1.231), where Nagios

Core is installed and a remote host (ip=192.168.1.244), e.g. a VM. In order to collect data from

remote host, we use nrpe add-on which is a daemon running in all remote hosts, allowing access to

local resources.

Procedure

1. Verify proper operation of nrpe in a remote host



In a remote node, we check that nrpe daemon is running under xinetd server.

[email protected]:~# netstat -at | grep nrpe

''tcp 0 0 *:nrpe *:* LISTEN

Next, make sure that nrpe daemon is functioning properly. Run check_nrpe plugin which

returns the version of installed nrpe.


localhost

NRPE v2.15

2. Remote test Nrpe daemon is installed as a service under xinetd server. In order to connect

to nrpe from a monitoring host, it is deemed mandatory to define host’s ip address to

xinetd server. So, in remote node, open /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe file and check if monitoring

host’s ip is defined in only_from property (in our example, monitoring host has an ip =

192.168.1.231).

only_from = 127.0.0.1 192.168.1.231

Keep in mind that if you make any changes in nrpe file, you must restart xinetd server.

service xinetd restart

Now, from monitoring host (Nagios Core) get current user status through nrpe. In this

example, we request data for the logged users, cpu load and number of processes running.


192.168.1.244 -c check_users



192.168.1.244 -c check_load

OK - load average: 0.00, 0.01,

0.05|load1=0.000;15.000;30.000;0; load5=0.010;10.000;25.000;0;

load15=0.050;5.000;20.000;0;


192.168.1.244 -c check_total_procs

PROCS OK: 61 processes



UNIT TEST 4 – Verification of Nagios Event Broker functionality

Description

In this unit test, we check the proper installation and functionality of livestatus unixsocket which

is used for communication between DEM adapter and NagiosCore Server.

Procedure

In order check whether unix socket has been initialized properly, restart Nagios service in

monitoring host.

[email protected]:service nagios restart

Then, check /usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log file for any errors. If unixsocket is set up

successfully, you must see something like this in the abovementioned log.

[email protected]:/usr/local/nagios/var# cat nagios.log | grep

'Event broker module'

[1386869864] Event broker module '/usr/local/lib/mk-

livestatus/livestatus.o' initialized successfully.

Next, we execute a test query requesting from Nagios service the alias and ip addresses of all the

remote hosts. Create a file named testQ with the following context:

GET hosts

Columns: alias address

Execute the query (testQ):

[email protected]:/usr/local/nagios# unixcat < testQ

/var/lib/nagios/rw/live

Ubuntu 10.04 LTS;192.168.1.65

localhost;127.0.0.1

Ubuntu 12.04;192.168.1.244

UNIT TEST 5 – Verification of connectivity between DEM and ORION Context Broker

Description

In this unit test, we check the configuration and the update process of Orion Context Broker from

DEM side.

Procedure

First, make sure that DEM component has been configured properly. Open DEM’s configuration

file located at /usr/local/nagios/nagiosNGSi/nagiosNGSi.cfg.

These settings must be appropriately configured (e.g. conRegistration_url and regionid).






unixSocket=/var/lib/nagios/rw/live

logfile=log/nagiosNGSi.log

regionid=Trento

debug=true

Start DEM service:

[email protected]:/usr/local/nagios/nagiosNGSi# ./nagiosNGSi.sh

start

Starting nagiosNGSi ...

nagiosNGSi started …

Next, open and check /usr/local/nagios/nagiosNGSi/log/nagiosNGSi.log for errors. If all gone

well, you must see the following output.

INFO: GET Services...



















In every operation cycle, DEM adapter performs the following action steps:

1. Collects data from all monitoring nodes via Nagios core (GET Services).

2. Builds an updated xml file (File update_192.168.1.65.xml build completed) per

monitoring host.

3. Posts the xml to Context Broker (Post: 0 Web Response status code: 200).

4. Gets status response from CB (Post: 0 Web Response status code: 200).



UNIT TEST 6 –Verification of Registration and ContextUpdate (NGSI9/10) API calls

Description

In this unit test, we check the node’s registration and procedures updating from CB’s side. In this

example, a remote host (ip address 192.168.1.244) has been registered in CB (ip address

192.168.1.242).

Procedure

1. Registration Test Unit:

Get registered services for host 192.168.1.244:

[email protected]:#curl


header 'Content-Type: application/xml' | xmllint --format -


<discoverContextAvailabilityResponse>

<contextRegistrationResponseList>

<contextRegistrationResponse>

<contextRegistration>

<entityIdList>

<entityId type=‘VRTMachine’ isPattern=‘false’>

<id>192.168.1.244</id>

</entityId>

</entityIdList>

<contextRegistrationAttributeList>



<type>String</type>





<type>String</type>





<type>String</type>





<type>String</type>





<type>String</type>





<type>String</type>







<type>String</type>





<type>String</type>



</contextRegistrationAttributeList>

<providingApplication>http://randomURL.comVRTMachine</providing

Application>

</contextRegistration>

</contextRegistrationResponse>

</contextRegistrationResponseList>

</discoverContextAvailabilityResponse>

2. Update Test

Get last update values of 192.168.1.244 services:

[email protected]:# curl

192.168.1.242:1026/ngsi10/contextEntities/192.168.1.244 -s -S

--header 'Content-Type: application/xml' | xmllint--format -


<contextElementResponse>

<contextElement>

<entityId type=‘‘ isPattern=‘false’>

<id>192.168.1.244</id>

</entityId>

<contextAttributeList>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>

<contextValue>Trento</contextValue>

</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>

<contextValue>0.00</contextValue>

</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>




</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

<contextAttribute>


<type>String</type>


</contextAttribute>

</contextAttributeList>

</contextElement>

<statusCode>

<code>200</code>

<reasonPhrase>OK</reasonPhrase>

</statusCode>

</contextElementResponse>

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