Number 28 June 2004

INSIDESotira Kaminoudhia supported by NEH..........................An Archaeological Puzzle at Kaminoudhia.....................Stewart Book Donation to CAARI..................................A Visit to Wentworth Falls, NSW....................................Upcoming Events on Phlamoudhi.................................CAARI Director’s Report.................................................That Cat from Shillourokambos.........................................President’s Report.............................................................Contributions to CAARI...................................................22nd Annual CAARI Workshop....................................Cyprus Delegation at Harvard......................................

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Renewed Excavations at Sotira KaminoudhiaSupported by N.E.H. Stuart Swiny

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After a 15-year hiatus, excavations, nowsponsored by the University at Albany and funded bya grant from the National Endowment of theHumanities, have resumed at the Early Bronze Agesettlement of Sotira Kaminoudhia. With the report ofthe first phase of excavations now published1, the mainreason for returning to the site was to complete theexcavation of structures only partially uncovered inthe 1980s and to gain a better understanding of thesettlement’s social organization. Other goals were tostudy further the patterns of distribution and possiblefunction(s) of hundreds of pebbles roughly the size ofhen’s eggs, all imported from the bed of the KourisRiver five kilometers away, found scatteredthroughout the habitations (see page 3). And finally,we wished to gather possible additional evidence tosupport the suggestion that Kaminoudhia was amanufacturing and distribution center of personalornaments and small objects made from picrolite, thesoft, easily carved and polished type of greensoapstone so prized in prehistoric Cyprus. The mainsource of picrolite is also the Kouris River, soKaminoudhia was well placed to exploit this naturalresource widely traded throughout the island in theBronze Age.

The results of the 2001 and 2002 seasons wereimportant for several reasons. Area C, previouslybelieved to have been the focus of non-domesticactivities (as suggested by the presence of severalgaming stones and the skull of an ox carved to be wornas a mask), now turns out to have been subdividedinto several modest spaces that were perhaps the focusof activities associated with spinning and weaving.The presence of the skull remains unexplained.Another excavation unit in Area C provided clearevidence of manufacturing activities, perhaps

Sotira Kaminoudhia Area B: Excavating the Area B “ceremo-nial complex” in 2002. Its perimeter walls are visible in thebackground and at left.

associated with the preparation of raw materials formaking pottery.

In Area A, the main exposure of domesticstructures at Kaminoudhia, two more rooms providedwitness to the tragic end of the settlement, alreadyhinted at in previous seasons by the discovery on floors

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Continued from Pg. 1...

in several rooms of human bones in arrangements thatwere clearly not intentional burials. Furtherexcavations found other human remains covered bywall tumble: a single skull in the middle of one roomand an intact skeleton sprawled across anothersurrounded by an unusually large number of smashedpots. The evidence is now conclusive—these were allvictims of an earthquake that flattened the villagearound 2230 BC. The partial skeletons we found maybe explained by desultory attempts to retrieve thecorpses in the aftermath of the calamity or by thescavenging of animals.

Ever since it was first cleared in the 1980s, thewestern sector of the village known as Area B hasdefied satisfactory interpretation. At the close of the2003 season it appeared as a large open curvilinearenclosure, 10 m long by 8 m wide with a singleentrance, flanked by a large stone basin, leading into afocal area facing a five-meter high white-plastered wallfronted by a bench with a stone trough set against itscenter. To one side, separated from the central spaceby a low partition, were two additional rooms, the firstwith grain grinding equipment set on a platform anda monumental stone basin, the second with shelvesbuilt against the outer walls, on which had beendeposited an miscellany of items: copper slag, theshoulder blade of a fallow deer, stone gaming boardsand an unfinished mace head, a phallic-looking footof a griddle, to name only a few. The complex wasapproached by an unusually wide street that contrastsmarkedly with the narrow alleyways connectingtypical habitations of the period.

After a very careful assessment of the findingsfrom Area B we concluded that when viewed in totothey strongly suggest that this was a ceremonialstructure. Indeed, the possibility of ritual activityseemed compelling enough to warrant an application

to the National Endowment for the Humanities for agrant to support further investigations. I am pleasedto report that the application was successful. Wereceived funding for excavations in summer 2004 anda study season in 2005.

Since archaeology has always been a familyaffair with the Swinys, we are excavating en famille atKaminoudhia this summer. My wife Laina will beassistant director. My son Philip will join us asphotographer and major domo. My daughterAlessandra (better known as “Keepie”), having justcompleted her graduate degree in architecture, willserve, naturally, as project architect. Other senior staffinclude ceramics expert (and CAARI Trustee) EllenHerscher and Albany graduate students ChristineBicker, Genevieve Holdridge, Elena Stylianou andLaura Swantek. Rounding out the staff are eightpresent students or recent graduates from theUniversity at Albany and a graduate student fromColumbia.

All of us are keeping our fingers crossed thatthe street in Area B will provide conclusive evidencefor the activities performed inside the putative“ceremonial complex,” activities which may have beena distant antecedent for the Late Bronze Age fertilitycults practiced at Kition and nearby Palaeopaphos,which evolved eventually into the worship ofAphrodite._________________1Sotira Kaminoudhia, An Early Bronze Age Site in Cyprus (eds.S. Swiny, G. (Rip) Rapp and E. Herscher), Cyprus AmericanArchaeological Research Institute Monograph Series, 4.Boston: American Schools of Oriental Research, 2003.

Sotira Village Schoolhouse, 2002: Team members at work in theafternoon washing pottery and cataloging finds in the villageschoolhouse which served as the excavation field lab.

The 2002 Sotira Kaminoudhia excavation team poses for aphotograph in Area A. The mound visible in the background isSotira Teppes, the Ceramic Neolithic site excavated byPorphyrios Dikaios between 1947 and 1956.

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An Archaeological Puzzle at Sotira Kaminoudhia Laura SwantekAs the recipient of the Stuart and Helena Wylde

Swiny Fellowship in 2002, I was able to continueresearch begun some 20 years before on the curiousigneous pebbles found at Sotira Kaminoudhia. Theyhave been found throughout the settlement in groupsof from six or seven to over one hundred. Individualpebbles are oblong, averaging ca 5.0 cm long and 3.0cm thick. They show no signs of wear nor bear anymarkings that betray their function. Almost twothousand of these enigmatic objects have beencatalogued during excavations at the site.

In the 2002 season Kaminoudhia yielded overfive hundred such pebbles, a quarter of the total. InArea C in the southeastern sector, Unit 26 yielded overone hundred pebbles, often in lots of six or seven. Alsoin this unit were a number of querns and rubbingstones along with many mortars and a well preservedhearth. This suggests that the area was used for cerealprocessing or clay preparation. In Area B on thewestern side of the site, Unit 12C produced the singlelargest group—almost one hundred thirty igneouspebbles were found together with a number of stonetools apparently brought down to the site from thenearby Ceramic Neolithic hilltop settlement of SotiraTeppes.

Elsewhere on Cyprus, groups of rounded riverpebbles have also been found at Middle Bronze AgeAlambra Mouttes in contexts resembling those atKaminoudhia. The Alambra excavators suggested thatthe pebbles might have been used as weights foranchoring textiles, as rests for tools or pottery, as

counting stones, or even as projectiles. I think it is morelikely the pebbles had an industrial function. Modernfactories use ball bearings when mixing liquids orgrinding solids into fine powders. These pebbles mighthave had similar uses in the Bronze Age. Thearrangements found in Unit 26 at Kaminoudhia wouldsupport such a suggestion, but this remains anhypothesis.

The exact function of these pebbles is stillenigmatic, so I plan to continue hunting for answersfor what is one of the most curious archaeologicalpuzzles at Sotira Kaminoudhia.

Cluster of igneous pebbles and chipped stone scattered on thefloor of Unit 44. The size and shape of the pebbles is typical ofthe hundreds of others found throughout the site, all broughtfrom the Kouris River, 5 kilometers distant.

The Cyprus American Archaeological Research Institute

congratulates

Dr. Pavlos Flourentzos

on his appointment as

Directorof the

Department of Antiquities of Cyprus

1 July 2004

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Stewart Book Donation To CAARI Robert Merrillees

The recent acquisition by CAARI of the lateProfessor J.R. Stewart’s “duplicate library” is a furtherwitness to the deep commitment which Stewart hadto Cyprus and to the international character ofarchaeological and historical research in the island.Though CAARI was founded well after Stewart’s deathin Australia in 1962, he had long believed in the needfor a foreign centre in Cyprus to support fieldwork andstudies in Cypriote prehistory, and his widow, EveStewart, who continues to live in Australia and willturn 90 on 25 June, shared his vision and has devotedherself to fulfilling his wishes. It was she who helpedCAARI to secure its present building in Nicosia, whoseResidence is named after her late husband, and hasgenerously donated to CAARI the books in her carewhich did not go to Fisher Library in the University ofSydney after his death. The transfer of this collectionto Cyprus was organised by Dr Laila Haglund fromSydney, who has selflessly taken on the job of assistingEve Stewart carry on Stewart’s legacy. In appreciationof this gift the Board of Trustees will commission abookplate honouring the donor, further strengtheningCAARI’s connection with the memory of J.R. Stewartand Australia.

Numbering well over 300 items, which havenow been listed by CAARI and stored temporarily inthe Director’s office, the consignment is a very mixedlot, comprising monographs, incomplete runs ofperiodicals, off-prints, documents of various kinds, andthe June 1957 issue of Lilliput, A Man’s Magazine, whichcontains a story by Gibson Cowan on “Outlaws inCyprus.” Most concern Cyprus, as befits Stewart’s areaof specialisation, but there are several on thearchaeology and history of neighbouring countries, andsome scarce late nineteenth/early twentieth centurytravellers’ accounts which will fill gaps in CAARI’slibrary holdings. Many have inscriptions inside,showing that Stewart acquired them both during andafter his residence in England in the 1930s, and onehas the following notation in his own hand: “J.R.Stewart 3700 (X c), Btn 4 Hut 25, Oflag VIB, Warburg,Westphalia, 1942.” Stewart was a Lieutenant in theCyprus Regiment and taken prisoner by the Germansin Crete in 1941. He spent the rest of the Second WorldWar in a prisoner of war camp in Germany where heamassed, by one means and another, a considerablelibrary and gave courses on Near Eastern and Cypriotearchaeology to the other Allied inmates. The collectionalso contains eight box files filled with registers ofCypriote antiquities which had been catalogued byStewart and indexed according to provenance, as wellas manuscripts, typescripts and notes for his published

and unpublished works on Cypriote archaeology andCrusader coinage and history.

A considerable number of the items belongedto Eve Stewart herself and members of her family, theDrays, who had settled in Cyprus and the Levant inthe 19th century A.D. One of them was even presentedto Eve by the writer of this note who was taken by theStewarts in 1960 to visit Eve’s relatives then living inBroummana in the Lebanon. In another book wasfound a typewritten sheet with a poem by PhilipNewman on “Treasure in Cyprus” and a shortbiographical sketch of the author, a British expatriatewho wrote a number of popular books in the 1940s onCypriote history and tourism. This information, whichwas probably put together by Eve Stewart, reads in partas follows: “Mr. Newman was one of Kyrenia’s mysterymen: educated at Charterhouse, ex-Guards officer, hesettled in Cyprus and became a ‘New man’. He & hiswife helped, later, by the boys (Charlie and John) startedthe dairy ‘milk bar’ at Ayios Georgios, west of Kyrenia.He was interested in history and mathematicalconundrums, and read the lessons in church beautifully.

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CAARI Director Tom Davis shows off some of the recentlyunpacked books from the J.R. Stewart Collection now shelved inthe Director’s Office.

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A Visit to Wentworth Falls, N.S.W. Stuart Swiny

I am pleased to see that this issue of CAARINews contains an article by Robert Merrilleesconcerning another gift of books and offprints by EveStewart. This brings back fond memories of my visitto Mrs. Stewart in Wentworth Falls in 1985 when Itraveled to Australia to study some of James Stewart’smaterial (how interested he would have been in therecent results from Sotira Kaminoudhia) and to lectureat the University of Sydney at the invitation of ProfessorBasil Hennessy. It was in fact during my stay inWentworth Falls that one afternoon, as we walked herdog Tammy and collected kindling for the fire, that Mrs.Stewart first mentioned her interest in supportingCAARI and donating, amongst other things, some ofher late husband’s as well as her own books to the

library. The result of our conversation deeplyinfluenced the future of the Institute. Upon leaving afew days later I carried with me one of the mostvaluable items now in the Schaeffer Library, herfather’s copy of H. H. Kitchener’s A TrigonometricalSurvey of the Island of Cyprus (London: E. Stanford,1885). I have used this important and rare resource onmany occasions, as have numerous other researchersat CAARI over the past 19 years. I wish to take theopportunity to thank Mrs. Stewart once again for herselfless generosity to CAARI and to proffer my verybest wishes on the occasion of her 90th birthday in June.

(Stuart Swiny is a CAARI Trustee and was director ofCAARI from 1980 to 1995.)

Upcoming Events on Excavations at PhlamoudhiSeptember 12, 2004“Excavations at Phlamoudhi, Cyprus: NewPerspectives on Life in the Late Bronze Age” Joanna S.Smith, Columbia University (sponsored by the LongIsland Society of the Archaeological Institute ofAmerica, Hofstra University, Long Island, NY).

October 21, 2004“Archaeological Views from Phlamoudhi, Cyprus”Joanna S. Smith, Columbia University (sponsored bythe Archaeological Associates of Greenwich, BruceMuseum, Greenwich, CT).

January 18-March 19, 2005Phlamoudhi Exhibit: “Settlement and Sanctuary onCyprus from the Bronze Age to the Middle Ages: Viewsfrom the Columbia University Excavations atPhlamoudhi, Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Art Gallery,Columbia University.

January 20-22, 2005Phlamoudhi Symposium: “Settlement and Sanctuaryon Cyprus from the Bronze Age to the Middle Ages:Views from the Columbia University Excavations atPhlamoudhi, 1970-1973”, Columbia University.

Phlamoudhi Symposium Workshops, January 20 (1-5p.m.) and January 22 (10 a.m.-2 p.m.) Center forArchaeology, 9th Floor, Schermerhorn Hall Extension.Attendance is limited to 30. Pre-registration is required.

Contact: Professor Joanna S. Smith, Department of ArtHistory and Archaeology, 826 Schermerhorn Hall, MC5517, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, fax:212-854-7329, <jss245@columbia.edu>.For more information, visit<www.learn.columbia.edu/phlamoudhi>

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. .” According to a plaque in St. Andrew’s, Kyrenia, heworshipped there from August 1922 to December 1947.There is a copy of Newman’s A Short History of Cyprus,acquired by J.R. Stewart in 1940, the year of its firstpublication, in the collection sent from Australia. Inthis connection Laila Haglund has been encouragingEve Stewart to commit to tape her memories of Cyprusand the personalities she met and knew there in the1920s and 1930s.

Stewart’s “duplicate library,” which will besupplemented eventually with another 30 or so itemsretained in Australia for reference purposes, has turnedout to be a rich treasure trove of bibliographical andhistoriographical material on Cyprus and the easternMediterranean and represents a valuable addition toCAARI’s library resources.

(Robert Merrillees was director of CAARI from 1999 to2003.)

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CAARI Director’s Report Tom Davis

June was an especially hectic month at CAARI,culminating in the 22nd annual ArchaeologicalWorkshop on 26 June (see p.10). Vathoulla Moustoukkiwill attest to the liveliness of the J. R. Stewart Residence,with 27 guests from nine countries. In the ShaefferLibrary Diana Constantinides was particularly busywith the many field school students who have researchassignments to complete during the summer. They andCAARI residents were working on a wide range oftopics, from Minoan Crete, Phoenician inscriptions,Roman long-distance trade, and medieval KolossiCastle to archaeological theory, the urban history ofNicosia, and the history of archaeology on Cyprus. Thepresence of so many summer field school studentsgenerates a great deal of extra work for all of us, butwe welcome the opportunity to meet and work withthe next generation of Cypriot scholars.

In June Mr John Oswald, a new juniorFulbright Fellow for 2004-5 arrived at CAARI. He isin the Community and Regional Planning Program atthe University of Texas at Austin and plans to studythe urban history of Nicosia. He has already assistedus by completing the catalogue of maps in ourcollection for the CAORC Medimaps Project. Ms SarahHarris, the other junior Fulbright Fellow, continues herwork on British colonial forestry. We were also happyto host CAARI Trustee Catherine Deans-Barrett, thenew chair of the ASOR Committee on ArchaeologicalPolicy (CAP), Dr Burton MacDonald, and the newlyappointed ASO Executive Director, Dr Douglas Clark.All three stayed at CAARI and attended theArchaeological Workshop. Also during June, I escortedDr Robert Allan, the newly appointed director of theKenyon Institute in Jerusalem and two graduatestudents on a tour of archaeological sites around theisland. I also accompanied Dr Alan Simmons on atour of early Neolithic sites on Cyprus.

On 7 June the New York University YeronisosIsland excavations invited the CAARI staff to celebratethe birthday of dig director Joan Connelly. The band ofthe Cyprus Police serenaded the guests!

On 12 June the Senior Fulbright Fellow, DrAlbert Ammerman, led the CAARI staff and residents,and staff and families from the US Embassy in Nicosiaon a field trip to Kissonerga and Lemba and to visitStrombi, a newly identified ceramic Neolithic sitenearby. Carole McCartney kindly shared her expertise

with us at the sites. The visit included a wonderfullunch at the home of the former Minister of Education,Dr Chrysostomos Sofianos. The group included aformer ambassador of Cyprus to the United States,Ambassador Andreas Jacovides. On 19 June my wifeJenny and I hosted a farewell party at our home for DrAmmerman, giving him an opportunity to thank themany local scholars and friends who have helped himin the course of his research this past year. TrusteesGisela Walberg, Stuart Swiny, Lillian Craig, andnewly elected Trustee Jay Noller were also present.

On 16 June the staff attended a reception at theArchaeological Research Unit of the University ofCyprus in honor of Peter Megaw, former director ofthe Colonial Department of Antiquities of Cyprus(1936–1960). After nearly 70 years in the field, MrMegaw, now 93 years old, continues to conductresearch on Cyprus. Peter was in high spirits andclearly enjoyed the occasion. For myself, as an historianof archaeology, it was a particular pleasure to meet sucha seminal figure in Cypriot archaeology.

On 25 June I accompanied CAP Chair DrBurton MacDonald and ASOR Executive Director DrDouglas Clark on a visit to Dr Pavlos Flourentzos,the Acting Director of the Department of Antiquities.(Dr Flourentzos will be officially appointed as newDirector on 1 July.) Following a very cordial meeting,Doug and Burton met with the CAARI staff over coffee.I then took them to visit Sotira Kaminoudhia whereproject director Stuart Swiny gave us a thorough tourof his excavations. We joined his lively team of studentexcavators for an excellent lunch and then went to seethe mosaics at Paphos before returning to Nicosia fordinner.

On 30 June Ambassador Garth Hunt, theAustralian High Commissioner, visited CAARI. He isnewly arrived on Cyprus and wanted to make ouracquaintance. Ambassador Hunt was particularlyinterested in how we serve Australian students andresearchers and was pleased to learn that we currentlyare hosting an Australian researcher, Greg Defteros.He was unacquainted with the long history ofAustralian involvement in Cypriot archaeology(although he knew that Robert Merrillees, a fellowAustralian diplomat now retired, had been a CAARIdirector) and expressed intentions of attending futureCAARI events.

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That Cat from ShillourokambosCat fanciers everywhere may have been

surprised but were probably pleased at the recent newsfrom Cyprus of discovery of the world’s earliestdomesticated cat. Although it is debatable whether anycat, ancient or modern, can truly be said to be“domesticated”—as opposed to merely tame enoughnot to bite the hand that feeds it—the cat fromShillourokambos pushes back the earliest knownassociation of cats and humans by 5000 years.Previously the earliest evidence came only from MiddleKingdom Egypt, ca. 2000 B.C.

The cat in question was found by Frencharchaeologists Jean-Denis Vigne and Jean Guilaine,who over the past decade have been excavatingParakleshia Shillourokambos, an Aceramic Neolithic sitealong the southeast coast. A preliminary report of theirfeline discovery appeared in the April 9, 2004, issue ofScience (“Early Taming of the Cat in Cyprus.” J.-D.Vigne, J. Guilaine, K. Debue, L. Haye, and P. Gérard,Science 304:259). Their excavations at Shillourokamboshave provided detailed evidence of the island’s earliestsettlers, Neolithic cereal farmers who arrived from themainland ca. 10,000 years ago bringing with themeverything they needed to start a new life on the island:cultivated plants and domesticated animals—cattle,sheep, goat, pigs, dogs, and apparently also cats.

What Vigne, Guilaine and colleagues found atShillourokambos was an intentionally buried, articulatedand intact skeleton of a cat (Felis silvestris cf. lybica)associated with a well preserved human burial whichhas been carbon-dated ca. 8300 years ago (or ca. 9500-9200 years B.P.). The excavators were able to determinethe cat’s age (eight months), but not its sex. The buriedskeleton was larger than that of modern cats,suggesting that the Shillourokambos cat was not farremoved from its wild forebears.

The associated human burial, a 30-year-oldmale, was richly supplied with offerings of chippedflint and ground stone tools, marine shells and ochre.He was by Neolithic standards a man of advanced ageand, judging from his grave goods, an importantindividual, perhaps one of the revered elders ofShillourokambos. Thirty centimeters from his grave,buried at the same level in the same sediment, was thecat. This proximity strongly suggests that man andanimal were buried together. Moreover, because therewere no butchery marks on the cat skeleton, it is likelythat the cat was interred with the man to accompanyhim to the afterlife, not as a meal but as a companion.

The early dating of the Shillourokambos catsuggest that the animals were being tamed at aboutthe same time that wheat was being domesticated.Early farmers (or perhaps more likely their wives) mayhave enticed wild cats into settlements with scraps offood or bowls of milk to help control mice that infestedvillage grain stores. Cat figurines found at prehistoricsites in Syria, Turkey, and Israel hint that cats may haveenjoyed a special status in the early Neolithic Near East.A cat figurine, dated slightly earlier than the burial,was also found at Shillourokambos.

In modern times archaeologists have also putcats to practical use. In her memoir of dig life withMax Mallowan in 1930s Syria, (Come, Tell Me How YouLive. London: Collins, 1946) Agatha Christie gives anaccount of a “professional cat” hired to rid the dighouse of vermin. This working cat haughtily disdainedall offers of human affection, going single-mindedlyabout its business until the job was done. On the otherhand, excavators have also been known to adoptstrictly non-professional village cats just because theyenjoy feline company.

It is unlikely, however, that the Neolithic catfrom Shillourokambos was a remote ancestor of theprofusion of village cats found on Cyprus today.Aceramic Neolithic settlement on the island died outafter ca. 5,600 B.C. There followed a 1000-year gapbefore humans returned during the Ceramic Neolithicin the mid-fifth millennium B.C., this time bringingwith them not only domesticated plants and animalsbut also newly invented pottery . . . and probably morecats.

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President’s Award Offered Again in 2004-2005Graduate students giving papers at the

annual meetings of the American Schools of OrientalResearch or the Archaeological Institute of Americamay compete for the 2004-2005 “CAARI President’sAward” of $500. Papers may be given in any sessionat either meeting but must substantially add toknowledge about Cyprus. Quality of the presenta-tion and clarity of the illustrations used will beimportant considerations for the judges. Applicationshould be made after the paper has been accepted bythe ASOR or AIA program committee but well beforethe annual meeting takes place. To apply, pleasecontact CAARI Board President David Detrich<ddetr@aol.com>.

New Trustees ElectedAt its Spring meeting in Boston the Board

elected five new trustees:

Clay Constantinou, South Orange, N.J. Dean, John C.Whitehead School of Diplomacy and InternationalRelations, Seton Hall University. U.S. Ambassador toLuxembourg 1994-1999; awarded Medal for Excep-tional Services by the Republic of Cyprus 1999. J.D.Seton Hall University School of Law, L.L.M. Gradu-ate School of Law, New York University.

Derek B. Counts, Milwaukee, WI. Assistant Professorof Classical Art and Archaeology, Department of ArtHistory, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee. Asso-ciate Director, Athienou Archaeological Project(affiliated with project since 1990); NEH Fellow atCAARI 2001. Publications specializing in Cypriotsculpture. Ph.D. Brown University 1998.

Jay Noller, Corvallis, OR. Associate Professor of SoilScience and Landscape Pedology, Department ofCrop and Soil Science, Oregon State University.Fulbright Scholar in Cyprus 2003-2004; affiliated withTroodos Archaeological and Environmental SurveyProject. Ph.D. University of Colorado, Boulder, 1993.

Christopher R. Polglase, Frederick, MD. Vice Presi-dent, Archaeological Services, R. ChristopherGoodwin and Associates, Inc. Extensive experiencein Cultural Resource Management, including newtechnologies such as Geographic Information Sys-tems (GIS) and remote sensing and underwatersurvey. Specialist in Neolithic lithics.

Martin Weaver†, Ottawa, Canada. International con-sultant specializing in conservation of historic build-ings, archaeological sites, and industrial heritage.From 1991 to 2003 he was Director, Center for Preser-vation Research, and Professor, Historic Preservation

Program, Graduate School of Architecture, Planningand Preservation, Columbia University. Author of thestandard textbook Conserving Buildings: A Manual ofTechniques and Materials.

Claire Cohen and Catherine Sease were elected forsecond three-year terms. Birgitta Wohl was electedSecretary and the position of IT Officer was created tobe filled by William Andreas, who has been longfulfilling this important role for CAARI. The pleasureof welcoming these new members is shadowed by thedeparture of others. Completing their second termsand thus ineligible for reelection as trustees were ourNicosia members Maria Kyriakou and Lillian Craig.Lillian will continue to serve CAARI as the chair ofthe House Committee. Kathleen McNamee retiredfrom her second period as Secretary. We thank thesethree for their many contributions to CAARI.

Sadly, as I wrote this report, I learned of therecent death of Martin Weaver. A longer

notice will appear in the next CAARI News.

President’s Report David Detrich

CAARI Reprises ASOR Lectures Tom Davis

On 26 May CAARI reprised three of thelectures presented at the ASOR Annual Meeting inAtlanta last November. These talks highlighted thecontributions of American archaeologists to Cyprus.Two of the three speakers,Yiannis Volaris and DrDespo Pilides, were from the Cyprus Department ofAntiquities. I was the third. I would like to thankthe Kress Foundation for supporting the travel of

Dr Pilides to Atlanta, CAARI Board President DavidDetrich for his generous support of Mr Volaris’stravel, and Drs Danielle Parks and Ann-MarieKnoblach, the organizers of the original session atASOR. The lectures were well attended andgenerated much interest in the forthcomingpublication of papers from the Atlanta session.

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CAARI is very grateful to itsmany contributors. Cash contributionsmake up a growing part of our budget.It is only with these funds that CAARI isable to support archaeologists andhistorians in Cyprus as well as spread-ing the knowledge of Cypriot archaeol-ogy and history to a wider audience.Equally important are donations ofbooks to our library. To make a dona-tion, please contact the CAARI Librar-ian, Diana Constatinides<librarian@caari.org.cy>

CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED IN THEUNITED STATES(JANUARY 1 – JUNE 30, 2004)

$5,000 and moreWilliam S. AndreasDavid DetrichGabrella H. Pratt

$1000 to $4999Catherine Deans BarrettEllen HerscherIBMArtemis and Martha Joukowsky

$500 to $999Annemarie CarrLillian CraigDr E. Bradford and Edna S. DavisNancy SerwintDoreen C. SpitzerStuart Swiny

$100 to $499Bert and Sara DeVriesAmbassador Euripides L. EvriviadesLarry GeratyFrederick Graboske

Barry JacobsAmbassador and Mrs Andreas Jacovides

Up to $99A-Xion PropertyEllen S. FillinganeNicolle E. HirschfeldJody MaxminHans A. PohlsanderAdeline SroverMichael K. ToumazouLeslys G. Vedder

DONATIONS TO THE CAARI LIBRARY,2003-2004BooksAlbert J. AmmermanIbrahim AzizDiana BolgerOded BorowskiAnnemarie Weyl CarrCynthia CockburnNicolas CoureasLindy CreweThomas W. DavisSeymour GitinJean Guilane and Alain Le BrunIrmgard HeinEllen HerscherNicolas KantzilarisVassos KarageorghisSusan KatzevRuth KeshishianSturt ManningMary Warner MarienYiannis E. MeimarisRobert S. MerrilleesDemetrios MichaelidesAnna MichaelidouJay NollerEdgar J. PeltenburgElena PogiatziAndres ReyesAnna Maria Sestieri

Contributions to CAARI David Detrich

Eve StewartShelley Wachsmann

Alexander S. Onassis Public BenefitFoundationAmerican Schools of Oriental ResearchBank of Cyprus Cultural FoundationCyprus Press and Information OfficeDepartment of Antiquities of CyprusFoundation Anastasios G. LeventisIsrael Exploration Society

Offprints and ReportsRobert AllanSylvia BarnardCelia BerghoffenJ.M. BlazquezBenoit DeVillersAnne Destrooper-GeorgiadesMichael GivenJacqueline and Vassos KarageorghisDariusz MaliszewskiRobert S. MerrilleesAlessandra NibbiThierry PetitJames SchryverEve Stewart

DONATIONS IN KINDAlbert J. AmmermanAmerican Schools of Oriental ResearchSemitic Museum, Harvard University

CASH CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED INCYPRUS(JULY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 2003)Andrienne ChristiansenLillian CraigThomas W. DavisWalter and Susan JayBarbara LyssaridesAlison SouthEmbassy of the United States, Nicosia

A Bequest from Jacques-Claude Courtois Robert Merrillees

In July 2004 CAARI received a donation ofCYP1500 from the estate of the late Jacques-ClaudeCourtois, a French archaeologist who specialized in theCypriote Bronze Age and befriended many members,both young and old, of the local and foreign communi-ties in Cyprus. The sum came from the sale of a smallproperty which he owned in Ayios Mamas, a pictur-esque village in the southern foothills of the Troodos,but had never lived in. The disposal of this asset re-quired extended and time-consuming negotiations overseveral years in Cyprus and France, involving Jacques-Claude’s sister, Liliane; her notary in France, MaitrePopelin; Mme Annie Caubet, Curator of Oriental An-tiquities in the Louvre Museum; the eventual purchaserof the property; Phoebe Christodoulou, a lawyer in

Limassol; and inevitably Vathoulla. The writer of thisnotice, who acted as a go-between, is deeply beholdento them all for their efforts, understanding and patience,without which he would have given up ages ago.

Jacques-Claude had originally hoped that anyproceeds from his estate which were given to CAARIwould be used to fund a fellowship for the benefit offemale students, but his sister, Liliane, who inheritedthe property in Cyprus, acting on the advice of AnnieCaubet, indicated that the money could be used for anypurpose which would support CAARI’s operations orprogram. The Board of Trustees will consider CAARI’spriority needs and take a decision on how this welcomegift can be most usefully applied.

10

CAARI and Department of AntiquitiesHost 22th Annual Workshop Tom Davis

CAARI’s annual archaeological workshop washeld on Saturday, 26 June, at the Bank of CyprusCultural Foundation in Nicosia. Featuring 21presentations on current research on the island byactive field teams who reported on their currentseason’s discoveries, the workshop was a resoundingsuccess. There was standing room only as more than180 people attended the sessions, including threeformer directors of CAARI, Ian Todd, Stuart Swinyand Nancy Serwint. Large numbers of field schoolstudents heard firsthand from the leadingarchaeologists active on Cyprus. Many of the papersincluded reports of discoveries from “last week” andeven on one occasion, “yesterday.” The newinformation generated a great deal of informaldiscussion during breaks in the program andafterward at the reception hosted by CAARI thatevening. The CAARI garden was packed with

THE 22nd ANNUAL CAARI ARCHAEOLOGICAL WORKSHOPin collaboration with

THE DEPARTMENT OF ANTIQUITIES OF CYPRUSBank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation86-88-90 Phaneromeni Street, Nicosia

Saturday, 26 June 2004

partygoers including Ambassador Andreas Jacovides,Dr Sophocles Hadjisavvas, (who just retired as directorof the Department of Antiquities), and Dr PavlosFlourentzos (the then Acting Director and shortly tobecome officially Director of the Department ofAntiquities). CAARI Trustees present includedCatherine Deans-Barrett, Nancy Serwint, Stuart Swiny,Michael Toumazou, Gisela Walberg, and newly electedTrustee Derek Counts. Newly elected Trustee Jay Nollerattended the workshop, but could not join us for theparty. I want particularly to praise the staff forresponding to the overwhelming attendance at theworkshop with flexibility and grace. I would also liketo thank the hostel residents and friends of CAARI whovolunteered their help, in particular DianaConstantinides’s husband Vasilis who once againworked his magic behind the bar.

PROGRAM09:00 - 09:15 Welcome and Introductory Remarks: Tom

Davis, Director of CAARI, and PavlosFlourentzos, Acting Director of theDepartment of Antiquities of Cyprus

MORNING SESSION09:15 - 09:30 Ais Yorkis – Alan Simmons09:30 - 09:45 Excavations at Kalavasos-Kokkinoyia and

Pamboules 2004 – Alison South for JoanneClarke

09:45 - 10:00 Maroni Valley Archaeological Survey Project:Recent Work – Sturt Manning

10:00 - 10:15 Sotira-Kaminoudhia – Stuart Swiny10:15 - 10:30 Episkopi-Bamboula – Gisela Walberg11:00 - 11:15 Pyla-Koutsopetria Archaeological Project –

Scott Moore11:15 - 11:30 Lefkosia-Palaion Demarcheion – Yiannis

Violaris11:30 - 11:45 Lycoming College Expedition to Idalion –

Pamela Gaber11:45 - 12:00 Marion/Arsinoe – Terracotta Sculptures –

Nancy Serwint12:00 - 12:15 Athienou Archaeological Project: 2004

Investigations – Michael Toumazou

12:15 - 12:30 Nicosia – St. George’s Hill (PA.SY.D.Y.) – DespoPilides

12:30 - 12:45 New York University Yeronisos IslandExcavations: 2004 season - Joan Connelly

12:45 - 13:00 “Ayioi Pente” Yeroskipou – DemetriosMichaelides

AFTERNOON SESSION14:30 - 14:45 University of Sydney Excavations at Paphos-

Fabrika 2004 – Smadar Gabrieli14:45 - 15:00 Troodos-Mesaoria Geomorphological Project–

Jay Noller15:00 - 15:15 Troodos Archaeological and Environmental

Survey Project (TAESP) – Michael Given15:15 - 15:30 Stroumbi: A New Neolithic Site – Albert

Ammerman and Daniel Sorabji15:30 - 15:45 The Canadian Palaepaphos Survey Project:

The Next Generation – David W. Rupp andSara T. Stewart

15:45 - 16:00 Episkopi Bay Survey – Justin Leidwanger16:00 - 16:15 Western Cyprus Underwater Project – Duncan

Howitt-Marshall16:15 - 16:30 Agios Georgios Pegeia – Charalambos Bakirtzis

11

CAARI Trustees Meet Cyprus Delegation at Harvard Joseph A. GreeneIt all started in early May with a phone call from

Faith Moore, who was making arrangements for officialvisitors to Harvard from Cyprus. Initially she askedfor Laina Swiny, but since Laina was away I took thecall. “Didn’t the Semitic Museum,” she asked, “have agallery of Cypriot antiquities and could she arrange atour for her Cypriot group?” Of course I answered“yes,” which is how in early June Stuart Swiny and Ihelped play host to a Cypriot diplomatic delegationduring its visit to Harvard.

The delegation, which included the Presidentof the Republic, Tassos Papadopoulous, and the

Minister of Commerce, Industry and Tourism, YiorgosLillikas, had come to sign an agreement with theHarvard School of Public Health to create a jointinstitute for the environment and public health on theisland. But as a result of Faith Moore’s call, in additionto their official duties, the delegation’s itinerary alsoincluded a trip to the Semitic Museum.

They came on Wednesday, June 2. Althoughthe president and minister did not attend, the groupdid include Ms Anastasia Papadopoulous, daughterof President Papadopoulous, Mrs Barbara Lillikas, wifeof the Minister of Commerce, Industry and Tourism,Yiorgos Lillikas, and Mrs Anastasia Evriviades, wifeof Cypriot ambassador to the United States, EuripidesL. Evriviades. There were as well several othermembers of the Cypriot delegation along with threerepresentatives of the Harvard School of Public Health,two of whom, Dr Petros Koutrakis and PhilipDemokritou, happened to be Cypriots.

They arrived escorted by the HarvardUniversity Marshal Jackie O’Neill and AssistantMarshal Jill Chamberlain. (The University Marshal’sOffice handles protocol for such VIP visits.) After briefintroductions and an overview of the Semitic Museumgiven by me, the group went up to the Floor III Galleryto see the Cesnola exhibit. There Stuart conducted thetour and fielded questions afterwards. He also invitedthose returning to Cyprus to visit his excavations atSotira Kaminoudhia due to begin in mid-June. Everyonewent away with a packet of Museum literature,including the two latest issues of CAARI News, and byall accounts, happy recollections of their visit to theMuseum’s Cyprus exhibit.

Cypriot Delegation in the Cesnola Exhibit at the Semitic Museum.(l-r) Stuart Swiny, Dean John Lichten (Harvard School of PublicHealth), Faith Moore (behind Dean Lichten), Joseph A. Greene,Barbara Lillikas, Spyros Zavros (behind Barbara Lillikas), GiorgiosMichaeloudes, Anastasia Papadopoulos, and Anastasia Evriviades(back to camera). (Photo by C. G. Häberl)

ARU and Department of History and Archaeology Websites

The Department of History and Archaeology and the Archaeological Research Unit of theUniversity of Cyprus now have a brand new websites in English and in Greek.

On the Department´s website is information about undergraduate and graduate courses, facultycontact addresses and cv´s, along with other useful information.

<http://www.ucy.ac.cy/isa/index.html>

On the ARU´s website you will find a list of publications, as well as abstracts for recent ARUconferences.

<http://www.ucy.ac.cy/ema/index.html>

CAARI Needs Your Support!

CAARI, one of the American Schools of Oriental Research, isa non-profit, educational organization founded in 1978. CAARI hasa modest endowment for operating expenses and must raise most ofits budget annually. Your ongoing help and support are of vitalimportance to ensure that this American overseas research center,devoted to the history and archaeology of Cyprus, will continue tothrive.

Please send your contribution with the attached form, orcontact CAARI’s President, David Detrich, for information aboutspecial gifts.

I would like to be a friend of CAARI.

Enclosed is my contribution of:

$50 ____ $100 ____ $200 ____

Other $____

Name _____________________

Address ___________________

___________________________

Send to:David DetrichPresident, CAARIBox 107Mattituck, NY 11952

© 2004 CAARI News (ISSN 0890-4545) is published by the Cyprus American Archaeological Research Institute <www.caari.org/>.

Cyprus American Archaeological Research Institute (CAARI)11 Andreas Demitriou1066 Nicosia, Cyprus

Thomas W. Davis DirectorDavid Detrich PresidentEllen Herscher Vice-PresidentKathleen McNamee SecretaryGustave Feissel TreasurerRobert Wozniak Assistant TreasurerJoseph A. Greene Clerk

CAARI NEWSEditor: Joseph A. GreeneAssistant Editors: David Detrich

Ellen HerscherDesign: Charles HäberlProduction: Dena Davis

CAARI NEWSBox 107MattituckNew York 11952

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