Conference Theme - icasdg 2022

Conference Theme

(Higher Education…. is the Way Towards Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals)

Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Mustaqbal University College,

& Altınbaş Üniversitesi, holding their:

1st International Conference on Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

(ICASDG2022)

Abstract - Proceedings Conference

1st

International Conference on

Achieving the Sustainable

Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)

Supervised by

The President of Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University

Prof. Dr. Mudhaffar S. Al-Zuhairy

The Dean of Al-Mustaqbal University College

Prof. Dr. Hasan Sh. Majdi

The Rector of Altınbaş University

Prof. Dr. Çağrı Erhan

Conference Theme

(Higher Education…. is the Way Towards Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals)

Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Mustaqbal University College and Altınbaş Üniversitesi, holding their:

1st International Conference on Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (6 – 7) June 2022 in Istanbul- Turkey

Vision

Higher Education…. is the way towards achieving the sustainable development goals.

The Message

Sustainable studies and research that advances education and meets its priorities by investing

available capacities and potential.

Conference Topics

First Topic| Sustainable development (Reality and Challenges).

Second Topic| Sustainable economic development.

Third Topic| Health development and health indicators within the sustainability goals.

Fourth Topic| Governance and good management for sustainable development.

Fifth Topic| Natural resources and renewable energies (Technologies and Engineering Sciences).

Sixth Topic| Environmental Sustainability.

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First Topic| Sustainable development (Reality and Challenges)

ID No. : ICASDG22- 2

Develop a Decision-Making Algorithm Based on Cloud Storage

Haeder Talib Mahde Alahmar

Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University- Technical college Al-Mussaib

[email protected]

Abstract: Despite many developments and improvements in mobile devices, it still suffers from

its limited capabilities such as short battery life, limited processing capabilities, and small storage

spaces that can be overcome by canceling the implementation locally and attributing it to the

cloud, in this research all cases have been applied to methods Implementation in mobile

applications, which can be either Java methods, (C++) methods, or CUDA methods that require

calculations to be performed on the cloud server's graphics processor (GPU). We have been

working on proposing and developing an algorithm for decision-making in attributing

implementation before starting it, according to the network status, as well as developing an

application using (Android Studio) accompanying this research, through which the best methods

of implementation can be determined and thus it becomes possible to make the final decision in

determining a clear mechanism for implementation and choosing between two states, either the

implementation is local or on the cloud server. The results are set for each possible

implementation case (locally - remotely), based on the decision-making algorithm by determining

the implementation time taking into account the mobile device CPU speed, network performance,

application program characteristics, and cloud server efficiency. It is important to rely in this

research on taking into account the CPU speed of the mobile device, network performance,

application program characteristics, and the efficiency of the cloud server to reach the best results

that were reviewed in this research with the use of different platforms to choose the best one in

accomplishing our work. The actual results of the applied algorithm proved a significant saving in

implementation time with the increase in the request to perform tasks on the cloud server and

with the increasing complexity of the issue.

Keywords: Moving Cloud Computing (MCC), Decision-Making, platform (MAUI).

mailto:[email protected]

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Stacked Dielectric's Resonator Antenna High gain, Pure Axial

Ration and wide bandwidth for Green Mobile Networks for 5G

Faris Mohammed Ali1, Adnan Naji Jameel Al-Tamimi

2, Ahmed Ghanim

Wadday1, Ali Najah Al-Shamani

1, Raad Taha Mohammed Ali

1

1 Department of Communications Techniques Engineering, Engineering Technical College, Al-Furat Al-Awsat

Technical University, Al-Najaf 31001, Iraq 2 College of Technical Engineering, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq

Abstract. In this paper, a cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA) with a dual feeding line is designed

and investigated at 28 GHz. The proposed antenna is fed by two orthogonal aperture-coupled feeding slots in order

to generate polarization diversity pattern. The shape and location of the slots were optimized to realize the highest

operating bandwidth and highest isolation between the two feeds. The dual feeds line is intended to excite the DR

with multiple relative permittivity, resulting in a high impedance bandwidth operating. The proposed single CDRA

has been fabricated and mounted on a Rogers Rogers RT/duroid 6010/6010LM (tm)1 (εr = 10.2 and tanδ =

0.0023) substrate. The optimized single element has been applied to improve the gain and achieve the required

gain performance. The radiation pattern, impedance bandwidth and gain are simulated. The proposed antenna

obtains a reflection coefficient response from 26 GHz to 29 GHz which cover the desired frequency band. This

makes the proposed antenna achieve 3 GHz impedance bandwidth and gain of 7.5dB. Thus, it has potential for

millimeter wave. In addition we study current and future wireless networks from the viewpoint of energy

efficiency (EE) and sustainability to meet the planned network and service evolution towards 5G.

Keyword. Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA), 5G, Antenna Stacking layers, 5G

green

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Improving the Spectral and Spatial Resolution of Satellite Image Using

Geomatics Techniques

Zahraa M. Kadhum1, Basheer S. Jasim

1, Ali Salah J. Al-Saedi

2

1Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, (Babylon Technical Institute), Iraq.

2Southern Technical University, Technical Institute of Amara, Surveying Department, Misan, Iraq

Corresponding author E-mail:

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Abstract. In this paper, space image of the Quick, Bird satellite of a pixel size 0.6m*0.6m for the year

2007 were merge the layers through the layer stack process from seven layers to three layers and

combined in color composites using ERDAS Imagine Ver. 9.2. Also monitoring ground control points

with coordinates E, N, monitored by the Differential Ground Position System (DGPS) device and these

points are processed through the OPUS site from the internet. The results of the tests show that the

proposed strategy improves the contrast of the most essential difficulties in image processing and

perform digital enhancement of the satellite image through a filter suitable to show the edges of the

image appropriately, edge detect through the process principle components. This study presents a

method for creating a high-resolution satellite image with corrected coordinates for the aim of creating a

surveying map that includes all terrain elements and landmarks in the study area. The production of a

geometric and spatial resolution image capable of producing a map of cities.

KEYWORDS: LPS, ERDAS LPS, Remote Sensing, PCA.

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A Survey - Comprehensive Study of 5G Architecture

Murtadha Hassan Naji a)

, Ahmed Ghanim Wadday b)

, Mueen Mohsin

Abboodc)

, Ahmed Fahem Al-Baghdadid),

and Bashar Jabbar Hamza e)

Communications Tech. Eng. Dept., Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq

a) Corresponding author: [email protected]

b) [email protected] c)

[email protected] d)

[email protected] e)

[email protected]

Abstract. The vision for fifth-generation (5G) wireless communications is to deliver extremely high data speeds (typically in the Gbps range) in comparison to current Fourth Generation (4G) Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks, extremely low latency, a significant increase in base station capacity, and a substantial improvement in consumers' perceived Quality of Service (QoS). The proliferation of smart devices is already straining existing cellular networks, new emergent multimedia applications, and an exponential increase in demand and consumption of wireless data (multimedia) demand and consumption. With the growing demand for fast data speeds and a growth in users over the last decade, current 3G and 4G technologies will not match the consumers' internet demands. As a result, the construction of the network's next generation, known as the 5th generation, is required. This paper will be a comprehensive investigation into radio access Network (RAN) architecture features, concepts, and technology, such as features heterogeneous RAN, Software Design Network (SDN), smart antennas, cloud, air interfaces, and 5G, ideas, and technology. Finally, there are 5G, QoS, and research to consider.

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College students' perceptions of environmental sustainability and

its impact on environmental citizenship

Ali Abdulhassan Abbas1 Rajaa Hussein Abd Ali

2

1 University of Kerbala/ College of Administration and Economics/ Department of Accounting, Iraq,

[email protected] , [email protected]

2 University of Kerbala/ Science College/ Physics Department, Iraq, [email protected]

Abstract. This paper aims to monitor and analyze the nature of the relationship between

environmental sustainability and environmental citizenship, and the problem of the study is to

determine the requirements of environmental sustainability and to know the role of the

dimensions of environmental sustainability in influencing the dimensions of environmental

citizenship, The questionnaire was used and the sample was (468) students in the College of

Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting. The results of the study showed that

both the level of environmental sustainability and environmental citizenship in their dimensions

were high in a number of them, several sub-hypotheses were accepted, and non-significant

hypotheses were rejected and removed. The most important finding is the need for there to be

educational courses for university students regarding the study variables in terms of concepts,

importance, and how to apply environmental sustainability on the ground to build a society that

enjoys environmental citizenship.

Keywords: environmental sustainability, environmental citizenship.




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Web Server Self-Examination for Detection of COVID-19

Cases with Fuzzy Classifiers Using Chest X-Ray Mage

Mohanad S. Al-Mothafar1, a, Ahmed Kareem Abdullah2, b, Faris Mohammed Ali 3, c

1,3Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Engineering Technical College/Najaf, Najaf, Iraq

2Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical College-AL Mussaib, Babil, Iraq


b)

[email protected]

c)

[email protected]

Abstract. The coronavirus has spread fast resulting in a worldwide pandemic. Early discovery of

positive patients is critical in preventing the pandemic from spreading further, leading to the

development of diagnostic technologies that provide rapid and reliable responses for COVID-19

detection. Previous research has shown that chest x-rays are an essential tool for the detection and

diagnosis of sirivanoroC (COVID-19) patients. A radiological finding known as ground-glass

opacity (GGO), which causes color and texture changes, was discovered in the lung of a person

with COVID-19 as a consequence of x-ray tests. An automatic method to assist radiologists is

required due to the carelessness of radiologists who work a long time and misdiagnosis resulting

in the confusion of findings with different diseases, in this study, were described a new technique

to help us with the early diagnosis of COVID-19 using x-rays that is based on fuzzy

classification. The skewness, kurtosis, and average statistical features of x-rays of patients in two

classes, COVID and Normal, are calculated in the suggested method, and the value ranges for

both classes are identified. In the building of a fuzzy logic classifier, three statistical

characteristics and value ranges are used as membership functions. The suggested solution, which

uses a user-friendly interface, allows for quick and accurate COVID vs Normal (binary

classification). Experiments show that our method has a lot of promise for radiologists to validate

their initial screening and enhance early diagnosis, isolation, and therapy, which helps prevent

infection and contain the pandemic.

Keywords: COVID-19, x-rays, fuzzy logic, ground-glass opacity, statistical characteristics.



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Design and sizing of stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system for

powered mobile cleaning and disinfection chamber system

Azher M Abed 1, Asmaa Khudhair Yakoob

1,*, Ghassan F. Smaisim

2,3 ,Hawra T. Gatea

1

1 Air conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College,

Babylon, 51001, Iraq. 2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Najaf, 54001, Iraq.

3 Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Unit (NAMRU)، Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa,

54001, Iraq

*E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. Sanitization is a protective and strategic approach to contain SARS-CoV2 dissemination.

As there is no feasible way to deal with the new COVID-19 pandemic, sanitization has a key role to

play. A modified method to reduce the spread of the virus by constructing a fogging room with a

disinfectant and a base fluid mixture has been examined. The nanometer-sized corona in micron-

sized cough droplets can quickly reach inaccessible areas when infection is present. Therefore,

efficient spray and jet method should be used to disinfect certain inaccessible surfaces. A stand-alone

photovoltaic (PV) system represents a pollutant-free and cost-effective solution to the stated issue.

The present study aims to design sizing of a small-scale solar panel -powered mobile cleaning and

disinfection chamber system for coronavirus in Remote Locations. The objective is to evaluate the

sizing of the PV system to power the disinfection chamber system that is used to eliminate the spread

of the virus at a constant daily load profile. The system is composed of a fogging room, water tank,

PV panels, and storage batteries. The disinfection chamber system requires an energy of

approximately 218 Wp with about 38 hours of battery storage that can operate the system

continuously after the sunset. Powering a mobile cleaning and disinfection chamber system with PV

panels has plenty of advantages, including free-maintenance, easy installation, and energy saving.

Keywords: Covid-19, Clean, Control System, PV, Detection

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A Survey -Wireless Sensor Network Technology and Forest Fire Management Techniques.

Duaa Rabbei Zaidan1, a)

, Ahmed Ghanim Wadday2, b

, Mueen Mohsin

Abbood3, c

, Ahmed Fahem Al-Baghdadi4,d

, Bashar Jabbar Hamza5, e )

1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Communications Tech. Eng. Dept., Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq


b) [email protected]

c) [email protected]

d) [email protected]

e) [email protected]

Abstract. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have piqued the interest of academics and developers for a variety of applications such as environment monitoring. Forests fires are considered a disaster when it occurs on a large scale. The loss of lives (human or animals), loss of vegetation, loss of wildlife, and communication failure are all typical in forest fires. This incident necessitates regular monitoring and good communication and technology. In comparison to traditional forest fire detection approaches, WSNs

is a very promising green technology for the future. It is efficiently detecting disaster. As a result, disaster response and rescue applications are regarded as important WSN applications. This paper provides an overview of WSN and the strategies as well as the techniques utilized in forest fire detection and management.

Key Words: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), Fire Detection Methods, Fire Management

Techniques.

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Conventional and Intelligent Maximum power point

Tracking Strategies for Mitigating Shading Issues of

Photovoltaic Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Zahraa H. Hadi1, Mohanad Aljanabi

2, Bashar J. Hamza

3 ,and Amany Y. Taha

4

1Electrical Power Techniques Engineering, Technical College /AL-Mausaib, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University, Najaf, Iraq.

2 Electrical Power Techniques Engineering, Technical College /AL-Mausaib, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University, Najaf, Iraq. 3 Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq

4 Electrical Power Techniques Engineering, Technical College /AL-Mausaib, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University, Najaf, Iraq.

a) [email protected]




Abstract: As a leading renewable energy supply, solar energy is well suited to combating global

warming. Solar systems in the form of photovoltaic (PV) generation are incredibly dependent on

their operating circumstances regarding their techno-economic feasibility. The nonlinear control

challenge is exacerbated by the partial shading (PS) environment, which results in significant power

losses. High tracking and settling time, oscillations at global maxima (GM), and local maxima (LM)

trapping under PS circumstances are all apparent shortcomings of metaheuristics-based maximum

power point tracking (MPPT) control systems in the literature. This paper will explain and discuss

the preceding articles and give a division and performance technique that is appropriate. This

describes the performance, applicability, benefits, and drawbacks of algorithms and may be utilized

as a guide for choosing a suitable algorithm. This article classified algorithms into four categories:

conventional schemes, intelligent schemes, Optimizing schemes, and hybrid schemes. A comparison

chart is also supplied to examine the techniques. was utilized to regulate a PV system. The major

goal of this work is to offer an efficient maximum power point tracking based on optimization to

address the challenges that PV systems face while also addressing the traditional MPPT issues.

Keywords: PV system, MPPT Strategies, Intelligent MPPT, Global MPPT, Hybrid MPPT (HMPPT),

Shading Conditions.


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Non-linear Frequency estimation by non-linear estimator

Rana Hasan Jafar1, a)

, 2, b

Ahmad Taha Abdulsadda

1, 2 Communications Tech. Eng. Dept., Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq



Abstract. The technique of estimating the complex frequency components of a signal in the presence of

noise based on assumptions about the number of components is known as frequency estimation. The

problem of frequency estimation appears when we receive a signal from a transmitter with a known

frequency, and it is often in radar, sonar, etc. applications. This problem has been dealt with by various

techniques and algorithms. This research shows the methods used by researchers to estimate the

frequency, This paper discusses the problem of estimating the frequency between a fixed sender and

receiver without movement through simulation in Matlab and using two algorithms: the first is

correlation method, and the second is the Recursive least squares algorithm (RLS). The best results were

obtained by changing the controller gain and filter coefficient from the internal source to the external

source. Also, the transfer function was changed to several values to get the frequency response and its

better estimate by changing the parameter of the transfer function. The frequency estimation is also

discussed in the case of fixed transmitter and moving receiver, which were found in the radr systems

with moving targets at a fixed or variable speed. Deep learning techniques were used to detect the target

and estimate the frequency by using the bellows of a convolutional neural network (CNN), which

proved to be more accurate than others.

Key Words: frequency estimation, convolutional neural network, correlation method, RLS.


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The Flight Management System in Parrot Mini-Drone

Esraa H.Kadhim 1, a)

, 2, b

Ahmad Taha Abdulsadda

1, 2

Communications Tech. Eng. Dept., Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq



Abstract. In this research paper, we summarize the most prominent previous studies that worked on

developing the design of the Parrot mini-drone or used this design in their research. That design was

Model-based software design is a new approach for designing control systems that were based on the

building of a model of the plant and the controller with enough depth to have a realistic representation

of its behavior to meet the criteria. A simulation environment is used to test the intended model (Model-

in-the-loop phase). The algorithm is then evaluated in real-time, deploying it on Hardware to see

whether its performance is still acceptable or if it has to be altered to meet the requirements. The auto-

code generation feature of this approach distinguishes it from others in that it allows us to automatically

transform the blocks of a Simulink model into C-code that can be executed by hardware rather than

creating them manually. We were unable to find any review papers on this subject.

Key Words: Parrot mini-drone; controller; LPV; Fuzzy logic controller.

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Statistical data processing and its role in achieving Sustainable

Development Goals

Mohammed Al-Guraibawi 1,a)

and Hadeel Habib Kamel Name2, 3, b)

1Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University- Diwaniyah Technical Institute, Iraq

2Al-Qadisiyah University- College of Administration and Economics, Iraq

a)

[email protected] b)

[email protected]

Abstract. Data analysis is one of the most important topics in the economic field of all countries. The

process of data collection, classification, and analysis is the cornerstone of building the economy of

developing and developed countries alike. Data processing has the potential to yield real development

indicators and thus help improve quality of life and to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals

(SDGs).

To ensure that the SDGs are achieved and real indicators are obtained, realistic and problem-free data

must be used. However, one of the main problems hindering the analysis is the presence of outliers

values in the data. The presence of outliers in the data is often ignored and therefore analyses are

distorted. Therefore, this issue must be properly addressed to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the

analyzes and estimates based on it. In this study, we dealt with the concept of diagnosing anomalies in

the data using the data depth method, which is one of the modern methods of detecting outliers. In

addition, we presented the bagplot as an attractive way to identify outliers in in the data. The study

proved that the data depth method has a good potential for diagnosing outliers in the data cloud

compared to the traditional methods.



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Intelligent Maximum Power Point Tracking for Photovoltaic

System Using Meta-Heuristic Optimization Algorithms: A Holistic

Review

Amany Y. Taha

1, a), Mohanad Aljanabi

2, b), and Ali Najah Al-Shamani

3, c) , Zahraa

H. Hadi4, d)

1 Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Almussaib, Iraq.


3 Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq.


a)[email protected].

b)[email protected].

c)[email protected].

d)[email protected].

Abstract. It is difficult for a photovoltaic system to execute at maximum power since ambient

temperature and solar irradiation are not constant. The performance of a photovoltaic (PV) array is

nonlinear. since the features of a solar array under partial shading (PS) includes various local maximum

power point (MPPs) and one global. Hereafter, it’s a difficult task to follow the global maximum power

point (GMPP) under partial shading conditions (PSC). To reach an optimal point should use MPPT

(maximum power point tracking) controller as well as, to overcome all these issues researchers

proposed different methods to capture Globel peak (GP) these strategies are classified as follows:

traditional strategy; intelligent methods and hybrid, Each algorithm has advantages and disadvantages.

This paper presents significant work classifying MPPT controller methods. It summarizes many MPPT

techniques and their operating principles, mathematical representations, and comparison between them.

Furthermore, the tables in this paper provide excellent information on the critical aspects of algorithms.

Keywords. global maximum power point tracking, photovoltaic, partial shading condition, intelligent

MPPT.

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Automatic Control Speed of Vehicles Near Schools and Colleges

Zahraa Niema Kamal1, a)

and Ali

Rashid Ramul

2, b)

1,2 Computer Techniques Engineering Department, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon 51001, Iraq

a)[email protected]

b)[email protected]

Abstract. Presently, accidents are increasing because People drive very quickly, therefore we have lost

important lives as a result of simple driving errors near schools, colleges, and hospital zones. So the

highway authority has placed signboards in such spots to prevent similar accidents and notify drivers

and manage their vehicle speed. However, it is sometimes possible to see that type of signboard, and

there is a risk of an accident. The major aim of this project is to create a smart display controller that can

control the vehicle's speed to prevent road accidents caused by vehicles driving too fast in an area where

it is prohibited. The project is composed of two components: a transmitter unit (zone status) and a

receiver unit for speed display and control. A transmitter unit is a wireless type (HC-12 Wireless

Transceiver Module), which sends signals and controls the vehicle’s receiver unit (HC-12 Wireless

Transceiver Module). A receiver unit receives data from the transmitter and analyzes the data. The

controller automatically reduces the vehicle’s speed to the specified speed due to the data transfer from

the transmitter to the receiver. This project supports many sustainable development goals (SDGs),

especially the fourth goal "Quality Education" and the ninth goal "Industry, Innovation, and

Infrastructure ".

.

Keywords. Automatic Control Speed, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), 4th goal “Quality

Education”, 9th goal “Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure”, HC-12 Wireless Transceiver Module,

Arduino.



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Empowerment and its impact on affordable housing sustainable

planning (Al-Sultan housing complex in Al-Najaf) as a case study

Diaa Hassan Abd Al-Khader 1, a

and Dr. Sara Mahmood Al-Jawari1, b

1 University of Kufa, Faculty of Physical Planning, Kufa, IRAQ

a) [email protected] b) [email protected]

Abstract. The past decades of the last century and until now have witnessed many crises in the housing

sector, and these crises were the result of many problems that led to a weak quality and quantity of

housing stock, especially for low-income people, and Goal 11 of the Sustainable Development Goals

states, "Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, and capable of enduring and being

sustainable, we have prepared this research that attempts to answer the following question: Is the current

empowerment in the housing sector real and efficient support for people with limited income? The

research assumes that empowerment in the housing sector has an important and effective role in

reducing housing problems, the research aims to reach the most important indicators of Empowerment

in affordable housing And discussed in the light of the study area, the research relied on the descriptive-

analytical approach and a questionnaire was made for a random sample of 60 people distributed among

experts in the housing sector, local authority, non-governmental organizations, and the local community.

The research recommends the need to support the category of low-income citizens and give them

flexible and affordable loans to help them own a housing unit and to take into account the conditions of

the site to ensure that they do not bear additional transportation costs resulting from moving to the city

center, especially for students and workers.

Keywords: Empowerment, affordable housing, sustainable planning, Al-Najaf



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Design of Elliptical Microstrip Antenna for Multiband Wireless

Signal processing Applications

Haydar M. Al-Tamimi1

, Yousif Jawad Nukhailawi2, Saif H. Abdulwahed

3

1Communication Department, University of Technology, Iraq

2,3Technical Institute of Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq,

31001

*Corresponding author: inj.sif @atu.edu.iq

Abstract. A simple multiband elliptical patch antenna for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) applications is

introduced in this paper. For bandwidth enhancement, a U – shaped slot carved in the middle of the

patch antenna. The obtained bandwidth for the presented microstrip antenna for S11 < -10 dB spans 5

GHz to 12 GHz. The multi resonance frequencies (band-I (5.374 – 5.517) GHz, band II (5.864 – 6.004)

GHz, band III (6.126 – 6.289) GHz, band IV (6.522 – 6.404) GHz, band V (7.307 - 8.027) GHz band VI

(8.755 - 10.00) GHz band VII (10.00 - 11.033) GHz & band VIII (11.383 - 12.00) GHz). Which are

proper for different wireless functions, making this offered antenna appropriate for Ultra Wide Band

(UWB) applications. The measurements of the submitted antenna are (50 × 50) mm2 using a Flame

Resistant (FR4) substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.3 and a thickness of 1.5 mm. The presented

elliptical multiband antenna has been offered and tested by using strip line feeding technique. The setup

mechanism and execution evaluation of configured multiband microstrip antenna was handled by using

a (CST) microwave studio.

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Optimum Under-Frequency Load Shedding with Comparison of

Two Load Models for Distribution System

Waleed Khalid Shakir Al-Jubori1, Doaa Ali Kaittan

2

1 Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Iraq,[email protected],[email protected]

2Department of Electrical Power Engineering Techniques, Mussaib Technical College,[email protected]

Abstract: The distribution system connects customers to the rest of the electrical grid. The electrical distribution network

suffers from rising power losses and low frequency, which are greater than transmission system and low voltage problems. One

of the solutions for these problems furnished by under-frequency load shedding based on optimal selection of loads using a

suitable optimization algorithm. Because of its simple design and inexpensive cost, the radial distribution system (RDS) was

chosen. Two load models (constant power model and ZIP model) are implemented with comparisons between them. A

Gravitational binary search optimization algorithm is used for the purpose of accurate results, and comparisons are made to

demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. A BGSA optimization algorithm is useful in order to reduce the search

space for the minimum power to be shed and its location. IEEE 33- bus is employed to check the validity of suggested

attitudes. A Direct Backward Forward Sweep Method (DBFSM) is used to show the voltage and total losses of each node as it

represents the useful load flow method suitable in RDS. The results demonstrate the ability of the provided methodologies to

find the best solution for a large loss reduction and a better voltage profile using the BGSA optimization algorithm.

Keywords: Under frequency load shedding, Backward/Forward Sweep Load Flow Algorithm, BGS algorithm,

Power loss reduction, Voltage profile.

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(1st ICASDG2022)



A Small-Scale UAV Propeller Optimization by Using Ant Colony

Algorithm

Mohammad K. Khashan1,a)

, Dhamyaa S. Khudhur2,b),

Hyder H. Balla3,c)

1,3

Najaf Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University 31001 Al-Najaf, Iraq, Department of

Aeronautical Technologies. [email protected], [email protected]

2 Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.

[email protected]

Abstract UAVs are designed to create lift in the same direction as the rotation axis, hence

propellers are one of the most basic components of propulsion. Although several previous

propeller optimization techniques have been developed, they usually find the optimal thrust

coefficient at a constant power coefficient and vice versa. This research will combine the optimal

values of the thrust coefficient and the power coefficient to find the optimum thrust and the

lowest power at the same time. A Simple Blade Element Theory Blade served as the foundation

for all assumptions.

This article examined over 80 various designs, brands, and types of propellers in a two-blade

configuration with diameters ranging from 2.5 to 19 inches and varying pitch values. The data for

the baseline propeller was obtained from the UIUC Propeller Database. The inputs for the

optimization are the propeller type, diameter, pitch angle, rotational speed, thrust coefficient, and

power coefficient. The results show that by determining the factor of interest in the thrust

coefficient and the power coefficient, the algorithm can find the optimal propeller specifications.

When the factor of interest in the thrust coefficient is 100%, the algorithm will ignore the effect

of the power coefficient and vice versa.

Keywords: UAVs; Aerodynamics; Optimization; propeller; Ant colony Algorithm.



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Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



COVID-19 PANDEMIC EFFECTS ON THE SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING IN IRAQ

Mohammed Hasan Aldulaimi 1, 2, Thair A Kadhim 1, WAEL JABBAR ABED AL-NIDAWI 2,

Mazin Hadi Kzar 3

1 Ministry of Education, Babylon, Iraq,

Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq 2 Computer Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, 51001,

Babil, Iraq

3 Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hillah,

Babil, Iraq

ABSTRACT

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in numerous nations across the globe, all public schools in Iraq

were forced to close. Teachers were put in a difficult position because of the necessity of

accommodating online learning. The Ministry of Education in Iraq has obligated all schools to substitute

face-to-face teaching processes with online learning. The Ministry also put forward several educational

projects and platforms, such as Newton, Classera, and My School through Educational TV. Although

these projects were urgent, they created many issues for students, teachers and schools. The results of

this study reveal that online learning in Iraq experienced substantial growth during the breakout of the

Corona virus crisis. Schools have the potential to take advantage of the new educational methods, and

also transform their teaching practices. On the other hand, this new approach faces many challenges,

including technological, educational, and social. Unreliable communications and a weak Internet are

among the biggest challenges, as well as many students' lack the electronic devices required for

learning. Moreover, despite the abundance of digital resources, both teachers and students have low

abilities at using electronic tools. The study recommended the necessity of accelerating technological

readiness by training students and teachers to use technological applications and providing educational

platforms that have the ability to meet their needs, as well as strengthening the role of educational

supervision.

Keywords: online learning, COVID-19 pandemic, Iraqi education, Iraqi schools

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Review on Design and Manufacturing of Wind Turbine for

Renewable Energy Applications

Dhuha Albusalih a)

, Zaid Duliami b)

and Ali Najah Al-Shamanic)

Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq

a)

Corresponding author: [email protected] b)

[email protected] c)

[email protected]

Abstract. As a global concern to look for climate variation, many countries have the target of a

clear “net zero” through developing the renewable-energy. One of the sources is the offshore

wind turbine, which has received special consideration from a number of countries and

companies. However, wind turbine offshore design experiences challenges due to the large and

complex design parameter space as well as different operational requirements and environmental

conditions. The technology of advanced optimization should be implemented to consider these

challenges. Additionally, the materials of the wind turbine should be considered. This review

presents a short overview of the categories and fundamental principles of many optimization

technologies and their application in the design process. The review shows the offshore wind

turbine structures. The review presents the composite materials used for wind turbine blades,

including the traditional composites (glass fibers/epoxy matrix composites), natural composites,

hybrid and nano engineered composites. Manufacturing technologies for wind turbine composites

were also reviewed

Keywords. offshore wind turbine; design parameter; optimization algorithm




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



A new algorithm of path planning in 3D environments for an

implemented quadcopter robot

Mustafa Fahem Albaghdadi 1, Mehdi Ebady Manaa

1, Ahmed Fahem Albaghdadi

2

1 College of Information Technology, University of Babylon

2 Technical Institute of Al-Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Iraq.

Abstract. Path planning within three-dimensional environments is of great importance in

contemporary time due to the introduction of robots in many works. Finding the shortest path

reduces fuel and time. In this paper a new algorithm is proposed to plan the paths within 3D

environments. The algorithm was tested in two ways: simulation and practical. A multi-propeller

vehicle is built that can track the resulting path from the proposed algorithm. The spherical shape

of the robot, and obstacles is the basic of the work of the proposed algorithm. This does not mean

that the algorithm cannot handle other forms of obstacles. Any other shape can be represented by

a set of intersecting spheres. The resulting path of this proposed algorithm consists of two pieces

that can be repeated a number of times until reaching the target point. The first piece is a straight

path connecting the current position of the robot with a point located on the edge of the obstacle.

The second piece is a path around the obstacle connecting two points away from the obstacle with

a distance equal to the radius of the robot. All points are calculated by equations derived in this

paper. The proposed algorithm was compared with two other algorithms. The results proved the

superiority of the proposed algorithm in terms of path length and smoothness of the path.

Keywords. Depth-first search algorithm; Collision-free path; Obstacle avoidance; Quadcopter;

3d path planning.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



MRI Brain Tumor Detection Based On Soft Computing)

Ayad Muslim Hamzah 1, a)

and Nameer Faleh Mhaidi1, b)

1Technical Institute of Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Iraq

2 Technical Institute of Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Iraq

a)


[email protected]

Abstract. Medical image processing techniques are essential in detecting diseases at present. Usually,

MRI images detect the presence and type of disease. The brain comprises a group of nerve cells and

supportive tissues. Brain tumors are one of the most dangerous types of diseases because of the high

mortality rates they cause worldwide. The detection of the tumor may be a fundamental reason to save

the patient's life. The mortality rate was very high before early diagnosis began. The mortality rate was

very high before early diagnosis began. After starting early diagnosis, the death rate was noticeably

reduced due to the accurate identification of brain tumors in the early stages. Currently, researchers have

stepped up their efforts by using computer programs to help clinicians in the early detection and

classification of brain tumors. In this research, an algorithm was presented to overcome the problems of

detecting and diagnosing brain tumors, consisting of several stages: The first stage is to get the real data

and then make improvements using the Wiener filter. The threshold and segmentation then

Morphological operation and Watershed segmentation finally Feature extraction used to get important

information of image then perform optimum diagnosis of brain tumor.

Keywords. Disease diagnosis, MRI, Image processing

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)

Second Topic | Sustainable economic development


An Analysis of The Reality and Challenges of Microfinance

Institutions in Iraq

Saida Dammak1, a)

, Hamid Mahmoodabadi

2,b), Safa Eltayf Abdlamer

3,c),

Mohammed Hasan Sabbar3,d)

and Salwan Kadhim Ojah

2,e)

1Institute of Higher Business Studies of Carthage, Tunisia

2University of Shiraz, Iran

3Al-Furat Al-Awsat technical University, Iraq

a)[email protected]

b) [email protected],

c)

Corresponding author: [email protected]

d)[email protected],

e)[email protected]

Abstract. The main objective of this study is to examine the microfinance sector in Iraq. The

researchers tried to find solutions to the problems of unemployment and poverty as well as

support rural farmers through the support provided by the microfinance institutions. This study

was based on Data obtained from questionnaires and reports issued by microfinance institutions.

This study also used descriptive method. The main findings of this study are that microfinance

institutions in Iraq are facing major challenges that determines their operations, efficiency,

outreach scope, etc. Moreover, this study suggested valuable and important recommendations in

order to overcome such challenges and improve the performance of microfinance institutions

activities in Iraq.

Keywords: Microfinance, Institutions, Challenges, Opportunities, Iraq.






1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Using Sustainable Intellectual Capital to Enhancing

Financial Reporting of Public Sector Companies in Iraq:

An Applied Comparative Study Between Karbala and Kufa

Cement Factories Ahmed Hatif Rasool

1, a) and Asmaa Mahdi Al-Hashimi

2, b)

1Federal Office of Financial Supervision (Najaf branch, 54001, Iraq).

2Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical College of Management/ Kufa, Accounting Techniques

Department, (54003, Iraq). a)



Abstract. The study aims to introduce the concept, and main dimensions to sustain the Intellectual Capital,

indicating the availability of the reporting requirements of Sustainable Intellectual Capital in the study

sample's company, which is the Karbala And Kufa factories from the Iraqi general cement Company. So,

the study states the current level of the financial reporting and the reasons for its failure to meet the

decision-makers need for information, as the accounting treatments within the unified accounting system

that are mandatory to be applied by Iraqi companies do not include the various aspects of integrated

financial reporting, which should include sustainability indicators, including the sustainability of human

resources, which represent the intellectual capital of the company, and therefore the traditional financial

reports prepared by Iraqi companies lack requirements of transparency and the quality of financial

reporting, as it does not reflect efficiency indicators and the skilled workforce it possesses. In order to

achieve the study goal, the researchers reviewed the theoretical literature and previous studies about the

study variables, then an analysis of the content of the financial reports of the study sample was conducted

to provide a proposed form for voluntary reporting about the sustainability of intellectual capital according

to what suits the requirements of the Iraqi environment, so that is generally accepted by the public and

private companies by shows its impact on rationalizing the strategic decisions that relate to the study

sample's company, through use Schmalenbach Indicators to measure the level of reporting in the proposed

form. The study concluded that the integration of financial information related to economic activities with

other financial and non-financial information about sustainable development dimensions including

sustainable intellectual capital and disclosing it through voluntary reporting forms enables users to link

between that information and then enables them to evaluate performance and know the ability of the study

sample company for create sustainable value and then rationalize strategic decisions. Accordingly, the

researchers recommended that Iraqi industrial companies should adopt voluntary reporting models for

intellectual capital that include financial and non-financial dimensions related to the sustainability of their

human resources and to the accumulation of knowledge about value chain relationships with customers and

suppliers outside the company.

Keywords: Sustainabe Intellectual Capital, Financial Reporting, Traditional Financial Reports

Non-Financial Information, Voluntary Reporting, Schmalenbach Indicators.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Towards Corporate Sustainability: Cost-Benefit

Considerations of Quantitative Methods (Multiple

Regression Model) Versus Activity-Based Methods for

Determining Indirect Costs – an Applied Study in KDD

Industrial Company Asmaa Mahdi Al-Hashimi

a) and Hussam Ali Abdel-Sada Al-Ghazali

b)

Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical College of Management/ Kufa, Accounting Techniques

Department, (54003, Iraq).

a)


[email protected]

Abstract. The study aims in light of the goals of corporate sustainability to compare the costs and

benefits of using different methods to determine costs; namely, the quantitative methods (multiple

regression in particular) versus the activity-based costing (ABC) methods for assigning indirect

costs on products in Iraqi companies as they still depend on traditional cost systems that face

difficulties in computing accurate unit costs due to the failure to determine the appropriate

amount of indirect costs. In order to achieve the study goal, the researchers reviewed the

theoretical literature and previous studies to compare these methods and identify the advantages

and disadvantages of each. The researchers also adopted the applied approach to compare these

two methods based on the monthly costs data of the KDD production company to distribute costs

according to both the activity-based method and the multiple regression. The study concluded

that the design and implementation of the ABC method to determine costs requires lengthy and

more expensive steps, especially in Iraqi companies that lack an integrated cost system, which

requires additional costs to train employees and decision-makers to understand the steps of the

system and its outputs and how to use them in the decision-making process in light of achieving

Sustainability goals that require focusing on customer needs and product profitability rather than

activities. On the other hand, the multiple regression method was easy to apply and inexpensive.

Its results were more related to the products and the variables affecting them, thus it's more

understanding for managers and helps in rationalizing decisions. Accordingly, the researchers

recommended that Iraqi companies switch to the statistical method in distributing indirect costs

instead of relying on a technique that increases the cost of products and makes them unable to

compete and achieve growth and sustainability.

Keywords. Corporate Sustainability, Cost-Benefit Considerations, Indirect Costs, Activity-Based

Costing, Multiple Regression



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)

Fourth Topic | Governance and good governance for sustainable

development


A Comparison between some Methods of Analysis Count

Data by Using R-packages

Noor Sabah . Murad 1,a) and Fadhil Abdul Abbas Abidi2,b) 1 Faculty of Comp. and Math., Dept. of math , University of Kufa, Najaf ,Iraq

2 Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf ,Iraq

a) Corresponding author:

[email protected]


Abstract. The Poisson regression model is a simple count data model that combines regression

models in which the response variable is in the form of counts rather than fractional numbers in

generalized linear models (GLMs) . Three models (Poisson regression, quasi-Poisson

regression, and negative binomial regression) were compared in r packages and applied to a

sample of COVID-19 data in this study. The Poisson regression model was shown to be the best

and most efficient of the other models.

Keywords. Poisson, robust, ML, Quasi-likelihood, Negative binomial, GLM.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)

Third Topic| Health development and health indicators within the

sustainability goals


Could Asthma Incidence be Controlled by the Patient How Intake

Drugs with Good Life Style?

Ahmed Hassan Kudhair 1,a)

, Oday A. Obaidi 2,b)

, and Nadia Abdul Hadi Abdul

Ameer 3,b)

1 Department of biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine., Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Al-Najaf, Iraq.

2 Department of Pharmacy, Kufa Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, 31001 Kufa, Al-

Najaf, Iraq .

3 Animal production department, Kufa Technical Institute, AL- Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Najaf,

Iraq. a)



[email protected]

Abstract. Asthma is an inflammatory disease that effect the lung, particularly the airways. So many death cases

had been recorded in the last decade due to its complications. As the symptoms (wheezing, SOB, broncho spasm,

etc..) frequency per a day increased, the mortality rate increases with the development of bad life style and bad

triggers ( smoke, dust, food, car full’s, perfume, medication, food, etc..) there is a serious need to put a focus on

the regulation of treatment and life style to these patient. Although asthma is multi factorial ( genetic and

environmental predisposing) with no statistically sufficient information in Iraq there is an increase the no hospital

admittion daily and delay the responses to the treatment. Aim. to study the biochemical markers effect the cases of

asthmas and to evaluate the abnormality in sleeping period, performing the job in these patients and the responses

to the medication Methods. A study was made from 200 asthma patient, there were between seventeen and more

years old, they admitted to the respiratory center in Najaf province at Sader medical city. It started from 10th

of

2018 to 5th

of 2019. A data was collected from the patients after direct contact with them or with their relatives.

The SPSS version 20 and EXCIL programs were used for analysis of the information . Results. it revealed that the

majority of the female patient aged how aged from 40 to 49 years old were depended on inhaled steroid during

their first line treatment. These patients suffered from difficulty in having a normal life style or normal job

requirement. Most of them suffered from shortness of breath (SOB), wheezing, tightness in the chest, they were

suffered from difficulty in normal sleeping. Conclusion: asthma occurrence in Iraq is increased tremendously that

required more interest with better improvement of life style to perform a good sleeping period and decrease the

hospital admission frequency. Recommendation. a further life style rearrangement and more medical care should

be occur to decrease the sudden attacks that it may effect on the life span of the patients.

Keywords. Asthma, corticosteroids, long-acting beta-agonists, Chronic obstructive pulmonary, nocturnal attack




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




The Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance and the Presence of

Virulence Genes in Escherichia Coli Isolated from Frozen Chicken

Meat in Iraq

Nisreen Kaddim Radi a)

and Ali H. Al-Marzoqi b)

Biology Department , College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Babil,Iraq



Abstract. A one hundred and twenty specimens (frozen chickens) were gathered from various

companies and sources at various sites in Iraq. the aim of this study to detect virulence gene isolated of

Ecoli from frozen chicken meat at shops in Iraq and to investigate the distribution of antibiotics

resistance against papC gene of E coli. The result shows that (n, %) 15, 45 ,33,100, 2,6 , 20, 60.6 and

26,78.7 % out of 33 of Ecoli isolate were positive for pap C gene, jutA gene, neuC gene,jucD gene, tsh

gene respectively . There is significant relationship between brand market and papC gene at p-value <

0.05. Antibiotic resistance pattern reveled that (Tetracycline, Trimethoprim, Levofloxacin,) had a larger

percentage 60, 45 and 45% of Ecoli resistant to antibiotics, whereas (Azetronam, Tigecycline,

Amikacin, Gentamicin, Imipenem) had a higher percentage 60, 45, 45, 45 and 45 % of Ecoli sensitive

to antibiotics, (ceftriaxone, cefoxitin) When it came to intermediate, nitrofurntin had the highest

percentage (9.1%).

Keywords. papC gene, chicken, antibiotic, Iraq , Ecoli, genetic diversity



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Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Cesarean Section and Associated Factors in Al Najaf City- Iraq Atheer Kadhim Ibadi

1 a), Noor Muhsen Jawad

2, Nawal Abid Hashim

1,

Salam Razzaq Meftah 3, and Raad Ajam Sayal

3

1Department of Pharmacy, Kufa Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, 31001 Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq

2Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq.

3Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, Medical Technical College Kufa, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University, Al-Najaf, Iraq

a) Corresponding author:[email protected] ; [email protected]

Abstract. Introduction: Birth of a fetus by using a surgical incision into the uterine wall after 28 weeks

of pregnancy is called Cesarean Section. This surgical operation is identified as quicker, safer, and more

prestigious method of child delivery to the pregnant. This work aims to determine the associated factors

and causes of cesarean delivery in Najaf province- Iraq which comes on achieving the sustainable

development goals. Methodology: Using a cross-sectional design, this work was done from 2021/2/1 to

2021/4/31. This study was conducted in Al Najaf city at Al- Zahra Teaching Hospital. The samples were

selected randomly. Results: This study found that 50.8% of women had a previous cesarean delivery,

and the primigravida women were 24.9%, 19.8% suffered from old infertility; however, 19.2% had a

previous abortion.

There was a highly significant correlation between primigravida, previous births, previous cesarean and

age group under p-value 0.01. Also, there was a significant correlation under p-value 0.05 between

abortion, cause of cesarean and age. In addition, significant correlation was found between previous

cesarean, primigravida and geographical area. Conclusion.There was a crucial correlation between

some medical and obstetrical conditions and cesarean section, and there were some associated factors

leading to do it.

Keywords. Cesarean, Causes, Factors, Al-Najaf



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Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




The Epidemiology of Hydatid Cysts Liver Diagnosis in Najaf

Governorate

Mona Adel Ismail1,a)

, Sarmad Jassem Mohammed 2,b)

and Noor Hadi Hassan 3,c)

1Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical Institute / Kufa, Department of Medical Laboratory

Techniques/Iraq. 2 AL-Mustaqbal University college ,Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques,Iraq.

3Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical Institute / Kufa, Department of Nursing Techniques, Iraq.

a)Corresponding author: [email protected]

b)

[email protected]

c)

[email protected]

Abstract. In Iraq and many Mediterranean countries, hydatid disease is endemic from a long time . The

disease causes health, economic, and social disasters. Iraq has become one of the most endemic areas

for this disease, particularly in the central as well as southern regions. Particularly in the areas between

the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers. Many farmers and sheep breeders live in these areas. The purpose of

this research is to determine the relationship between hydatid disease and various variables such as the

differences in infection rates between males and females, age, and geographical distribution of patients.

This study included patients with hydatid disease who were admitted to the "Al-Sadr" General Hospital

between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020 and there were 58 patients in total. According to the

findings, the most affected areas of this disease are rural areas, and the peasantry is the most affected

group of females. The reason for this is due to the nature of their work with crops and animals. The

findings also revealed that females are infected at a higher rate than males.

Keywords. Hydatid cyst, Najaf, Iraq.gender and age distribution

mailto:%20Corresponding%20author:%[email protected]


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Prevalence of Measles Virus Infection among Children in Babylon

Governorate, 2017- 2019: A Retrospective Descriptive Data

Analysis

Nawfel Fadhil Hamza1,a)

, Ruqaya Munther Ewadh2,b)

, Mohammed Malih

Radhi3,c)

, Nada Khazal Kadhim Hindi4,d)

, Rusull Hamza Kh. AL-Jubori5,e)

,

Burhan Hadi6,f)

,and Ali Faris Abdul Hussein7,g)

1M. Sc in Pediatric Nursing, Department of Nursing, Kut University College, Al Kut,Wasit,Iraq.

2PhD in microbiology , Department clinical laboratory science, college of pharmacy University of Babylon, Iraq.

3M. Sc in Community Health Nursing, Kut Technical Institute, Middle Technical University, Iraq.

4Prof. PhD in microbiology, Department of Basic and Medical Science, Faculty of Nursing, University of Babylon,

Babylon Province, Iraq. 5M. Sc in Community Health Nursing, Babylon Health Directorate, Iraq.

6M. Sc in Psychatric and Mental Health Nursing, Department of Nursing, Kut University College, Al

Kut,Wasit,Iraq. 7PhD in Community Health Nursing, Department of Nursing, Kut University College, Al Kut,Wasit,Iraq.

a)





[email protected] f) [email protected] g)

[email protected]

Abstract. This study included 309 positive cases who were diagnosed with measles infection among

children aged 1 to 10 years of both genders (165 males and 144 females). The data were obtained for

each year using secondary surveillance data and evaluated using a descriptive statistical analysis

approach.The study results showed that the high rate of measles infection (73.8%) was recorded in

2019. On the other hand, measles virus infection is predominate in age group lessone year for all years

of the study period with a total number of 123 (39.8%). So, The patients were 53.4% males and 46.6%

females. To summarize the findings, our study found that the reporting rate for measles was greater

among male children under the age of one year.A routine immunization program must be examined and

strengthened in order to reach all children through a sequence of vaccines that are closely monitored,

and to improve data quality in order to eliminate cases of unknown vaccination.

Keywords. Prevalence, Measles virus, children, viruses, infection








1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Enteric Bacterial and Parasitic Pathogens Associated with

Acute Diarrhea Isolate from Patient in Al-Najaf Province

Angham Najah Al-Khafajia)

Kufa Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University,Najaf, Iraq

a)


Abstract. The present study aims to isolate and know the ratio of bacterial and parasitic dysentery with

age and sex of patients in AL-Najaf province, A cross-sectional research was carried out from January

2020 to January 2021. Ninety people with probable amoebic dysentery were enrolled in the study from

different age from Al- Manathera Hospital in Al-Najaf province, People who have diarrhea and are

assumed to have dysentery had their stool samples taken. , The diarrheal stool specimen were put into

sterile, transparent wide mouthed bottles. The name, age and sex of the patients were properly labeled

on the universal bottles. and refrigerated immediately. The results had shown most common bacteria

and parasite infections were seen in patients aged 10 to 19, and male having the highest ratio compared

to female, Diarrhoeagenic bacteria have high incidence from intestinal parasites infection in this study,

Entamoeba histolytica infection was the highest in current study. Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp,

Shigella sp were the predominate bacteria.

Keywords. Diarrhea, bacteria, parasite, viatek 2 compact system.


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Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




COVID-19 Infection Causes Insulin-Resistance between

Hospitalised Patients in Najaf Governorate

Ahmed Alshawi1,a)

, Abtisam F. Al-Shukry1,b)

, Haider Ali Mohammed1,c)

, Taif

Razzaq Majeed1,d)

, Alkarrar Kais Abduljaleel1,e)

, and Mohammed Subhi

Mohammed2,f)

1 Medical Laboratory department, Kufa institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq

2 Health community department ,Kufa institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq

a) Corresponding author [email protected]

b ) [email protected]

C) [email protected]


e )[email protected]

f )[email protected]

Abstract. A novel epidemic infection Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) considered as one of the challenges

in sustainable development. A new-onset of hyperglycaemia has been observed between many COVID-

19 patients. The clear explanation of this elevation in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was debuted. Here

we investigate whether this increase is due to impaired insulin secretion or insulin resistance. 269

participants, group 1 (control, n=46) group 2 (COVID-19 patients, n= 223). 27 Patients were excluded

due to missing of their FPG results. FPG, liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and Alk. Phosphatase), b.urea,

s.creatinine, s. insulin, C-peptide, D-dimer, and s.ferritin were measured. Our results showed that FPG

was increased in 82% (161) patients and this increase was positively correlated with ferritin (r20.039, P-

value 0.0013). There is no correlation between FPG with liver enzymes (ALT and AST). The level of

insulin hormone and c-peptide were normal. Because there were no increase in insulin or c-peptide and

the only relationship was between FPG and ferritin. Therefore, we concluded that COVID-19 infection

could cause insulin resistance.

Keywords. (COVID-19, T2D, Ferritin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI)



mailto:%20%[email protected]




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Effect Education Program upon Science Teacher Knowledge about

Immunity and Immunization in Primary School at Al-muthanna

City

Riyadh Saad Atshan1, a) Ali Hussein Abbas2, b)

1 Department of Nursing Techniques, Medical Technical Institute / Kufa, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University, Iraq. 2 Community Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Al-Muthanna,Samawah, Iraq.

a) Corresponding author:[email protected]

b)[email protected]

Abstract. Background:Science teachers are the closest to health. Teachers must be aware of the transitional

diseases prevalent within school setting. As well as to provide educational lessons on ways of transmission and

reduce the incidence of infection and explain the importance of vaccines that consider primary prevention about

transmission disease and this is done through coordination with the centers of primary health care in Iraq.

Methods and material of Study: The study design for this study is quiz- experimental that conducted at education

directorate in Al-Muthanna City, during March 5th 2018 to March 15th 2019, to determine of effect education

program upon science teacher knowledge about immunization and immunity. A total of (78) Science instructors

(males and females) were chosen from a cluster sample. Data was collected using a questioner format. The

questioner validity it was determined by a panel of specialists in the field of research, while the reliability was

determined via a pilot research done in (10) schools from April 8th to April 14th, 2018. Results: the study results

indicate by their demographics data is ages (52%) are them (41- more than) years old within age group. In regards

to gender, 79.5 percent of teachers were female. Nearly half of the teachers (48.7%) had received their education

from the Institute. Regarding the address, most of teachers setting in the urban (91%). The majority of

teachers(84.6%) were married, according to their marital status. Regarding employee status, most of teachers

(82.1 %) were permanent employee. Also, there are significant and different between pre and post-test in our

study results at p. value 0.001.Conclusion: through our study result cane conclude, most of the study sample were

age 41 years old and female and have level of education is institute and live in urban area. The study sample have

little knowledge about immunity and immunization, so all the teacher science need to education program to

elevate of awareness about immunization and immunity for communicable disease. Recommendation: The study

suggests that the Ministries of Health and Education work together to develop a standardized book for primary

schools about infectious diseases and how to avoid and manage them through vaccination and immunity. Increase

the number of science instructors who are enrolled in training sessions on communicable illness prevention for all

primary school teachers.

Keywords. Immunity, Immunization, Vaccine preventable disease, Vaccine hesitancy.



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Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Preparation and studying of the Physiochemical Properties

and Antimicrobial Activity of New triple-Action Glass

Cleaners

Mahmood M. Fahad1, a)

, Mohammed G. A. Al-Khuzaie2

, Malath I. Yousif3

,

Ayaat A. AL-Hadad1,and Tuka S. Al-Ameen4

1Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Kufa Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University, Kufa, Iraq.

2Department of Nursing Techniques, Technical Institute of Al-Diwaniyah, AL-Furat AL-Awsat TechnicalUniversity (ATU), Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq.

3Department of Community Health, Technical Institute of Al-Diwaniyah, AL-Furat AL-Awsat Technical University(ATU), Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq.

4Pharmacist, AL-Hakim General Hospital, Najaf, Iraq.


Abstract. During the global health crisis that caused by the Corona pandemic, the development of

detergent products has become necessary to confront the spreading of viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Here,

three types (X, Y, and Z) of new triple- action glass cleaners (cleaning, polishing, and sterilizing) were

prepared from locally available, low cost, and alcohol-free chemicals. The new glass cleaners were

prepared by mixing the preservative, color, and perfume with Cocamidopropyl betaine as a surfactant

and 5%, 3%, and 1% of Chloroxylenol, Povidone, and Sodium hypochlorite solutions were added as

sterilizers respectively. The second part also included the study of some physicochemical properties

and antimicrobial activity of the products such as boiling point, pH, viscosity, water solubility, stability

and anti-bacterial. In the end, the prepared products were compared with two commercial products (A

& B). It was found that the new products possess high cleaning, polishing, and sterilization properties.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Sleep Disturbance among Persons over 40 Years Old

Saadya H. humade1,a )

and Ali T. Shnishil

2,b)

1 Nursing Department, Almustaqbal College, University,Babil, Babil, Iraq

2 Nursing Department,Al-Hadi University College ,Bagdad,Iraq



Abstract. Background: Elderly people show many change and distress of sleep pattern. The sleep in old

persons compared with younger persons can be deferent and have more unpleasant interruptions related

with psychological and physiological causes. Sleep as a normal daily living activity can affect person's

life and reflect on other dimension of holistic health. In this study which focusing on factors can

influence on normal sleep process and search the climate contribute disturbance sleep of over 40 years

old persons like pain, snoring, dry mouth, incontinence urine even stress or anxiety. Objective: to assess

the sleep disturbance among persons over 40 years old. Population and methods: descriptive study

carried out in Almustaqbal college university at Hilla City, during the period 1/1/2021-30/2/2021, the

sample was (60) lecturers male and female aged 40-80 years old; the data were collected by

questionnaire through direct interview with the participant. Data analysis by using SPSS, Pearson’s

correlation and chi-square were used to find associations between variables.. Results: there was half of

sample and most of age category between 50-70 years old and the highest proportion (22%) was post

graduate and the most of them lived in rural side. Also the results show that most of sample (63.3% -

73.3%) has leg and urination problems at sleep and half of sample (50%) taking nap and struggling to

stay awake. High proportion of sample has hypertension (66.7%) and chronic pain (56.7%) also have

insomnia and depression.Conclusion: the study concludes that there is negative impact age upon sleep

patterns

Keywords. sleep, disturbance and over 40 years old

mailto:a)%20Corresponding%20author:%[email protected]

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Evaluation the Canadian Water Sustainability Index in Ain Al-

Tamr District /Kerbala-Iraq

Fadhil M. Al- Mohammed a)

Kerbala Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, 56001, Karbala, Iraq

a)


Abstract. The sustainability and development of water resources is a matter of utmost importance,

especially for the countries of the Middle East that are threatened by water scarcity such as Iraq due to

the different social, political and economic conditions. The importance of studying the sustainability of

water resources for different regions, especially those far from water sources, to achieve a water

balance between supply and demand and to ensure the provision of water resources and a safe

environment for future generations. For the purpose of studying the subject of sustainability, the studies

have come up with a proposal and adoption of many indicators that can be applied in all regions. In this

paper, the Canadian Water Sustainability Index CWSI proposed by the policy research initiative PRI

was used and applied in the Ain al-Tamr region, which is located in southwest of the holy city of

Karbala /Iraq and which is completely fed by groundwater. All data required to calculate the values of

the five CWSI components (i.e. resources, infrastructure, ecosystem health, human health, and capacity)

were collected according to the PRI assessment method. The weights of CWSI components were

determined using a pair-wise comparison method. The results showed that the value of CWSI for the

study area was 55.331. It is possible to apply this method to study sustainability after determining the

weights of the components.

Keywords. Sustainability, pair-wise, Ain Al-Tamr, CWSI, PRI.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Reoccurrence of Covid-19 Infection in Vaccinated Iraqi

Community

Nawres Adnan Abdulameer a)

, Thuraya Aamer Habeeb b)

,and Laila Jasim

Shaebthc)

Technical Institute of Al-Diwaniyah, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Diwaniyah, Iraq.

a)

Corresponding author: [email protected], b)


[email protected]

Abstract. Covid-19 is a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) which targets the

respiratory system of the body and spreading very rapidly throughout the world. Currently, Covid-19 is

globally affecting health systems, social life and economy of a country. Although it has no treatment

but the whole world is trying to produce promising vaccines to overcome its deadly effects. The main

objective of this study is to acknowledge the reoccurrence of covid-19 with associated risk factors in

Iraqi communities after getting one of three covid vaccines such as Sinopharm (inactivated vaccine),

AstraZeneca-Oxford (vector vaccine) and Pfizer-BioNTech (mRNA-based vaccine). These vaccines

induce potent neutralizing antibody (Nab) against the emerging variants of novel SARS-CoV-2 which

helps in prevention of spreading of disease. About 2.5% of individuals showed severe effects while

other 97.5% showed no life-threatening side effects e.g., chills, fever, fatigue, headache and myalgia

which last for about 24 hours after vaccination. Biochemical analysis of blood cells, platelets,

sedimentation factor and CRP proteins showed increased response of body against inflammation. Low

to moderate adverse effects at post vaccination represent the strengthening of immune system. Covid-19

vaccines are safe to take and vaccinated individuals have least chances of reoccurrence of Covid-19

infections.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Optimization of Laccase Production from Marasimus Palmivorus

Liqaa Y. Mohsena)

, Rafal Ahmed Lilo b)

, Anmar Mahdi Kadhum AL-Maamori c)

Department of biology, college of science, university of Babylon, Babil, Iraq

a)



[email protected]

Abstract. Laccase is an enzyme that has the ability to oxidize substances. It is one of those enzymes

that has innate qualities of reactive radical generation, and its use in many domains has been overlooked

due to its commercial unavailability. The ability of Marasimus palmivorus MG717877.1 to produce

extracellular enzymes (Laccase enzyme) utilizing media containing substrate, named Guaiacol agar

medium, was tested. In submerged culture, the ideal pH, incubation duration, and temperature for

laccase synthesis were examined. The maximum enzyme activity was reported when the pH of the

media was 5.5; laccase activity was (1.03U/ml). The maximum enzyme activity for laccase enzyme was

1.040 U/ml when the temperature was 25°, and (0.922U/ml) after the third day of incubation.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Estimate of Immunoglobulin G, M, and Some Liver Enzymes Levels

in Covid-19 Patients and Relation with Blood Group in Najaf

Governorate, Iraq.

Maysoon Khudair ALHadraawy ¹,a)

, Kais khudair AL-Hadraawi ²,Noor Ismeal

Nasser ¹ , Ahmed Abdul Hasan Mohsin¹

1 Medical laboratory techniques Department, Kufa Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University31001, Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq.

2 Radiology Techniques Department ,Collage of Medical Technology ,Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.


Abstract. The COVID19 disease is a transmittable viral infection that causes acute respiratory system

infection, to this day there is no proven treatment for this virus and its complication in the body are still

unclear. so the current study aimed to determine the levels of immunoglobulin (M, G) against infection

with covid 19, the measure of liver enzymes( AST, ALT), and the relation of infection with blood

group. This study included 60 patients infected by COVID-19 and 30 uninfected people, who came to

the AL-Najaf Hospitals from January to March month 2020. Draw 5 ml of blood for the measure of G,

M, and AST, ALT levels, and determine the blood group. The results showed that infection with the

Covid-19 virus had a significant effect (p <0.001) on the level of both G and M antibodies compared to

the control group (10.18, 16.94) mg/dl, (0.320,0.312) mg/dl, respectively. also, the study showed the

significant effect of infection on liver enzymes which caused increased AST and ALT levels (

44.25,52.30)U/L compared with the control group ( 36.28, 42.46) U/L respectively .also explained the

relation between blood group and covid 19 infection, as a blood group A recorded the highest rate of

infection and blood type O lowest rate of infection (35, 13.33) % respectively. so it is possible to rely

on measuring the level of G, M antibodies in diagnosing or recovering from covid 19 infection .also,

know the effect of the infection on the liver and the relationship between infection and blood group.

Keywords. Immunoglobulin, COVID-19, liver Enzyme, blood group, Najaf.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Microbial Factors Causing Recurrent Miscarriage a Survey

Study for Women in the AL Najaf Governorate, Iraq

Rajaa Jawad Mohamed AL-Saeedi , Maysoon Khudair AL-Hadraawy , Zainab Salah

Abdulgabar ,and Ketam khudair¹

Department of medical laboratory techniques, Kufa Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University 31001,

Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq.


Abstract. Background:- One of the important steps in a woman’s life is pregnancy, especially the first

pregnancy. One of the most important problems facing a woman is abortion, which has a serious

psychological impact on her. One of the causes of abortion is the germs etiology that was studying in

the current study to know the extent of its spread. Method:- The study included 192 women coming to

the infertility unit in Al-Sadr Medical City in the Najaf governorate, who are suffering from abortion

because of germ etiology for a period of 6 months, from January to June 2019. Draw 5 ml of blood to

determine the presence of IgG, IgM antibodies to confirm the presence of the injury. Result:- The

current study showed that the rate of miscarriage resulting from germ etiology varies according to the

type of germ, where the incidence of CMV was the highest, followed by rubella virus and

toxoplasmosis (17.6, 15.1, 2.6)%, respectively, and the percentages of women who have a previous

infection.(45.8,16.7,19.8 )%, respectively. Statically analysis:-Data analyzed by using SPSS version 18

software, the categorical changeable was given as percentage and frequencies. Conclusion:- The germ

causes that cause abortion in Najaf are spread in varying degrees, but through the results, these infection

rates decreased, which is evidence of the spread of health and cultural awareness among Najaf women.

Therefore, it was suggested, as the study of the future, to conduct a survey study one year from now to

see the extent of the change.

Keywords. miscarriage, cytomegalovirus, Rubella, Toxoplasma, women.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Assessment of Health Effects of Cell-phone Towers

Radiation in Najaf on Human Beings

Zahra Mousa Hamza

1,a) Karar H. Hussein

1,b) Suham A. Albderi

1,c) Hayder H.

Hussain2,d)

and Ali Kadhim Obaid3,e)

1Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa Technical Institute, 31003, Najaf, Iraq.

2University of Kufa, Faculty of Science, Physics Department, Al Najaf- Iraq

ORCID: 0000-0002-9694-939. 3 Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Engineering Technical College-Najaf,Iraq.

a)



c)


[email protected]

e)

[email protected]

Abstract. A survey was conducted to collect information on possible health risks of cell-phone towers

in Najaf Governorate, Iraq. Data were obtained from people living near to cell-phone towers. A

questionnaire was used to collect information from 600 people and included 20 potentially unspecified

health symptoms. In addition to measuring the power density of nearby sites around the towers within a

distance of 100 meters. Results of the data analysis indicated that people who live near mobile phone

towers within a range of 50 meters and for a long period of time are exposed to some potential health

risks., such as (A decline in general health, Fatigue, Headaches, Muscle pain, Nausea), Females are

more exposed to these risks than males. The measurement of power density inside homes was within

the safe limit recommended by ICNIRP and Bio initiative Report.

Keywords. Cell-phone towers, electromagnetic radiation, health effects, Najaf, Iraq.






1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Impact of Antibiotic Resistance on Sustainable

Development Goals

Meraim Attyah Kazaal a), Weam Abbas Hamad

b), Wegdan Hanoun Atiya

c),

Baraa Jalil Saeed d)

and Asraa Nadhum Abd-Alsatar e)

Nursing techniques department, Technical Institute of Al-Dewaniyah, AL-Furat AL- Awsat Technical University,

Iraq.

a) Corresponding

author:[email protected]

b)[email protected]



e) [email protected]

Abstract. The frightening spread of antibiotic resistance among infectious bacteria is one of the most

important challenges facing health and the environment, which in turn burdens the economies of all

countries of the world, and this in turn hinders the sustainable development goals of those countries.

Moreover, Iraq is at the forefront of the countries where the ineffectiveness of most drugs is increasing

as a consequences of the misuse of antibiotics represented in the overuse of antibiotics and not

following the doctor ’s prescription, as well as their overuse in аnima1 feed and agriculture. Due to

the importance of this topic and because it was not studied in Iraq, we designed this study to highlight

the impact of antibiotic-resistance on sustainable development goals in Iraq.





1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Molecular Diagnosis of the Demodex folliculorum Parasite

by 18SrRNA Gene in Iraq

Sahira Ayyed Abdul-Sahib Al-Musawi a)

Kufa Technical Institute , Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical Universit, Najaf, Iraq.

a)

Corresponding author:[email protected]

Abstract. Demodex folliculorum It is one of the most types of microscopic external parasites that infect

humans, which feeds on the fat of the skin, around the hair follicles and causes many diseases, including

Perioral dermatitis, Demodectic Blepharitis, Pityriasis folliculorum, Rosacea and leads to the induction

of allergic and inflammatory reactions against its antigens.

The current study aimed to detect Demodex folliculorum parasite in humans by using the PCR

technique and using the primers of the (18S rRNA) genes responsible for diagnosing the parasite. Where

DNA was extracted from samples collected from those infected with the parasite, the reactions were

performed using a PCR machine to clone the DNA. Then, the nucleotide sequence of the gene was

studied, and the path length of the PCR products was 802 base pairs, and they were sent to the NCBI

website, and all the generated sequences were recorded in the GenBank database (entry number:

MW186179.1, MW186180.1),

A phylogenetic tree was established using the Neighbor joining method in the MEGA X version of

two isolates from human skin, and the links were genetically compared in NCBI-BLAST with respect to

D. folliculorum isolate from Iraq. 18SrRNA from parasite D. folliculorum was used for confirmed

genetic identification. Iraqi 18SrRNA isolates are 100% identical to the parasite isolates recorded in

Hungary (entry number: KC894848.1), but less similar to other isolates from Spain, China, and

Thailand (entry number: Am905316.1, HQ7280000.1, KY305348.1) respectively

Keywords. Demodex, 18SrRNA, Iraq, gen, folliculorum

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Diagnosis of Candida Albicans Causing Diaper Rash and its

Sensitivity to Pomegranate Peel Extract

Fadhil Sami Zghair1,a)

and Anmar Saeed Hashim2,b)

1 Kufa Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq.

2 College of Health and Medical Technology/ Kufa , Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq.

a)



Abstract. Many types of fungi have the ability to cause candidiasis, and these fungi live naturally on

the skin and mucous membranes as well as on the digestive system, where they colonize the mentioned

places for all humans immediately after birth, and one of the common causes is Candida albicans that

causes diaper rash in newborns.

100 samples were collected from different clinical cases, including samples (100 skin swabs from

children with diaper rash who were lying in the halls of the Karbala Teaching Hospital for Children) To

diagnosis of candida causing diaper rash and study of its sensitivity to pomegranate peel extract. The

result was of phenotypic and biochemical tests of the isolated samples showed that 76 sample is

positive for C.albicans. The alcoholic extract of pomegranate peel showed a great and high ability to

inhibit all isolates in comparison with chemical antifungal.





1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Assessment of Cluster of Differentiation (CD44) as

Protective Factor for the Incidence of Breast Cancer

Sura A. Awadh 1, a ,

Shaimaa A. Al-Oubaidy 2, b

and MOHAMMED ALI LAFTA 3, c

1 Department of anesthesia, Al-mustaqbal University, Babylon, Iraq

2 Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Medical College, University of Babylon, Iraq

3 AL Kifel general hospital

a Corresponding author: [email protected]

b [email protected]

c [email protected]

Abstract

Background and objective: The cell adhesion molecule involved in cell-to-cell and cell-to matrix AND

trans-membrane that interactions by binding with hyaluronan, Extracellular matrix proteins and growth

factors were called differentiation cluster W (CD'S). It plays the main role in signal transduction

processes and cellular signaling cascades. The aim of this study to evaluate cluster differentiation

(CD44) and correlation with family history in Iraqi women with BC. Methods: The samples group

recruited in this study were 120 women in the age group ranging among (29 – 72) years , the mean ±

SD was (56.3± 11.7) Years. The control group also included 120 women without any breast diseases.

CD44 levels estimated by ELISA technique. Results: Serum levels of CD44 in women with BC were

significantly decreased (217± 5.9 ng/ml, P<0.05) from the control group (239.5± 4.1 ng/ml). (P-

value<0.05) in both ages, (<50, ≥50) and body mass index,(<25,≥25) in study subgroups. Conclusion

CD44 is a protective marker, is not associated with the development of BC, and is not associated with

f a m i l y h i s t o r y i n w o m e n w i t h B C .

Keywords Breast cancer, CD44, Family History Protective factor, Positive receptor subtypes.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Green Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide

Nanoparticles Using Black Currant Extracts

Masar J. Al-Kurdy1, a)

Mohammed G. A. Al-Khuzaie1, b)

Ghanim A. Abbas1, c)

and

Zaid M.H.Al Dulaimi 2, d)

1Department of Nursing Techniques, Technical Institute in Al-Diwaniyah, AL-Furat AL-Awsat Technical

University, Iraq.

2 Technical Institute in Al-Diwaniyah, AL-Furat AL-Awsat Technical University, Iraq.

a)




[email protected]

Abstract. The goal of the current research was to synthesis zinc oxide nano-particles (ZnONPs) via

simple, cheap and eco-friendly method which include reduction of zinc acetate dehydrate to ZnONPs

by using of black currant aqueous extract (BC) as a reducing-agent. The characterization of stability,

size, morphology, and present the functional groups on the surface of synthesized ZnOBCNPs were

achieved by SEM, X–ray diffraction, and FTIR spectroscopy.

Keywords. eco-friendly, Zinc oxide, black currant





1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




A Histological Study on the Effect of Some Alcoholic

Extracts of Propolis on Ovulation Rate and Fertility of

Ovarian Tissue and Oviduct in Quail

Mazin Eidan Hadi1, a)

, Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar 1, b), Mohammed Hayder Hamad

1,

c) and Prof. Dr. Ismael k. Ajam

2, d)

1Department of medical laboratory techniques, Al Mustaqbal University College, Babylon city, Iraq

2Islamic University / Babylon city, Iraq





Abstract. Objective: The study was conducted on quail in a specialized area of the laboratory of

histopathological disorders from September 6th to November 23rd, 2018. The goal of this research was

to determine the impact of adding an alcohol extract of Propolis on ovarian and oviduct tissue ovulation

and fertility rates in quail. The method is as follows: Enter into the study eight groups with replicates

within each group. Weight matched groups were housed in 13 cages. Each group consists of ten birds of

five different weights. In the first treatment, the quails were fed a standard diet without

supplementation, and in the second treatment, the quails were fed a standard diet supplemented with

alcoholic propolis extract 200 mg/kg. The third group has the same components as the regular diet but

contains 400 mg/kg of propolis alcohol extract. The results: The histological study indicated that

supplementing the standard quail diet with an alcoholic extract of Propolis at a concentration of 400

mg/l resulted in physiological reproductive activity, an increase in the percentage of ovulation above

the normal limit, and an increase in the fertility rate, all without the appearance of undesirable side

effects or pathological, macroscopic, or histological changes associated with standard quail feeding.

Despite fast development and ovulation, the alcoholic extract of Propolis increased the quantity and

form of ciliated and ciliated epithelium layer cells in the oviduct, unless the shape of the egg or its

components changed.

Keywords. Cholesterol, ovarian tissue, alcohol extract of each of the propolis.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Spectrophotometric Determination of Mesalazine in Pure and

Pharmaceutical Preparations by Chelation Method

Aws Maseer Nejres a)

and Moath A. Najem

Department of Chemistry, College of science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq


Abstract. an accurate, simple, and precise spectrophotometric method is presented for the

determination of Mesalazine based on formed chelating complex with Fe(III) . The intensity of

complex measured at 508 nm after optimization of the experimental parameters. Beer’s law was

obeyed to the proposed method and it was valid within a concentration range of 2.5–22.5 μg/mL and the

linear regression was R2 = 0.9980. Detection limit of quantitation was 0.0071μg/mL, and the molar

absorptivity coefficient 2.80x104

L.mol-1

cm-1

. Sandal's sensitivity was 0.0054 μg.cm-2

There is no

interference from excipients found in the tablet. the current approach was effectively used to the

determination of Mesalazine in tablet formulation. The data were statistically compared with those of a

standard reference using Student's t-and F-test.

KeywordS. Mesalazine ,Fe(III) , chelating complex, spectrophotometric .


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Effect of Some Alcoholic Extracts of Propolis Ginger and

Cinnamon on Some Physiological and Productive

Characteristics of Quail Mohammed Hayder Hamad

1, a), Mazin Eidan Hadi

1, b), Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar

1, c)

and Prof. Dr. Ismael k. Ajam

2, d)

1Department of medical laboratory technique, Al Mustaqbal University College, Babylon city, Iraq

2Islamic University, Babylon city, Iraq





Abstract. This research was conducted in the field of poultry of the Department of Animal Production

Techniques for the period 6/9/2011 until 23/11/2011 in order to study the effect of adding alcoholic extract of

ginger, propolis and cinnamon (cinnamon) in reducing cholesterol in the yolk and white of quail eggs, which was

used in the research 280 one-day-old quail chicks were divided into seven groups with two replicates for each

group. The groups were homogeneous in weights and placed in 13 kanna, each group contained 40 chicks and 20

chicks for each repeater. In the first treatment, the chicks were fed on a regular diet without addition and the

chicks were fed In the aggregates of the second treatments on the regular ration, the alcoholic extract of ginger

was added at a concentration of 150 mg/kg, while the third group was the same as the normal ration after adding

the alcoholic extract of ginger at a concentration of 300 mg/kg of feed, while the chicks in the fourth group were

fed the same regular ration but it contained the alcoholic extract For propolis at a concentration of 300 mg / kg, for

the fifth groups, the alcoholic extract of propolis at a concentration of 400 mg / kg was added to the ration, and the

sixth group was fed after The alcoholic extract was added to the students at a concentration of 200 mg/kg, while

the seventh group was fed a ration to which the alcoholic extract was added to the students at a concentration of

400 mg/kg. The chicks were weighed weekly, the weekly weight increases and the weekly amounts of feed

consumed for each treatment were calculated, and the feed conversion factor was calculated. The results of the

research indicated a highly significant effect (P<0.01) in the average body weights and weekly weight increases

for chicks, a highly significant decrease in the quantities of feed consumed weekly for chicks, and an

improvement in the feed conversion coefficient as a result of adding alcoholic extract to you from ginger, propolis

and students.

Keywords. Cholesterol, , alcohol extract of each of the Propolis



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Polymorphisms in the Inter Leukin-1 Beta Gene (rs16944

and rs1143627) as a Risk Factor for SARS-COV2 Infection

Noor R Abady1,a)

, Zaytoon A Alkhafaji2 and Ali Saleh Baay

3

1Al-Qasim green university, PhD student at Babylon Univeristy College of Medicine,Babil, Iraq

2Department of Microbiology, Babylon University College of Medicine,Babil, Iraq

3Department of Medicine,Babylon University, Hamorabi University of Medicine, Babil, Iraq

a)


Abstract. Despite evidence of cytokine gene variation in SARS-CoV-2 sickness is few, understanding

the function of genetic polymorphisms in the course of respiratory infections may aid in the

identification of possible candidates for future inquiry in SARS-CoV-2 patients. As a result, the study

raises crucial issues about how cytokine gene polymorphisms may have a role in the severity of

COVID-19 sickness. ARMS-PCR was used to detect genotype frequency data for the IL-1B SNP (rs

16944), (rs1143627). Allddata statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for

Social Science (SPSS 26).. shows the genotype distributions (frequencies) of the chosen IL-1B SNPs,

rs16944 A/G and rs1143627 G/A, as well as their relationships with SARS-COV2 risk. Significant

relationships between the rs16944 A/G and SARS-COV2 risk were found in the samples, The

AGvvariant genotype (AG vs. AA) showed an adjusted OR of 1.0 (95 percent CI = 1.770 (0.935-0.353),

P = 0.078*) when compared to the rs16944 AA genotype. There were no statistical differences in

rs1143627fpolymorphism between the two groups, and there was no evidence that rs1143627 may be

associated with an increased risk of acquiring SARS-COV2 based on the results of the p value G (P =

0.167), G/A (P = 0.22), and G/G (P = 0.22). This was the first study to look at the rs1143627

polymorphism in relation to SARS-COV 2, therefore no previous research was published.first, second,

and third level headings (first level heading).

Keywords. IL1-B, SNP, SARS-COV2, Risk factor

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Effects of Smoking on Packed Cell Volume (PCV)

Comparison between Smokers and Non- Smokers in Al-

Mustaqbal University College

Heba Saleh Shaheed1, Fatima Hashim Abbas

2

Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College ,51001Hilla, Babelon, Iraq.

1

Email: [email protected]

2

Email: [email protected]

Abstract. Smoking is one of the most important remarkable causes that harm human health and may drive to death.

This study was conducted to evaluate the consequences of cigarette smoking on several blood tests one of these tests is

PCV, which are signs of serious issues in the human body. The study was conducted on a group of smoking students at

the Al-Mustaqbal- University College in the city of Babylon. There were two groups included 64 male smokers whose

ages ranged between (22-28) years old and 64 male non-smokers, their ages ranged between (22-24) years old. The

smoking period was (1-12) years. Numbers of cigarettes were in a range of (7-45) cigarettes / day. The values of study

shown that the mean of PCV for smoking students (46.22%) is more than that for non-smoking (43.40%). The

statistical analysis significance of the effect of smoking in increasing values of PCV between smoking and non-

smoking. So the study aimed to detected the dangers of smoking on blood parameter (PCV).

Key word: Smoking , HB , Packed cell volume (PCV) .



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




The Epidemiology and Risk Factor of Cryptosporidium

Parvum in Najaf Governorate

Mona Adel Ismail1,a)

, Saif A. J. Al-Shalah2,a)

, Abbas Nasser Hussein1,b)

Ayaat.

Abdullah Saleh1,c)

, Inas Qasim Rahim1,c)

and Ali Mohammed Abed1,c)

1 Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Technical Institute/ Kufa, , Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University,Najaf, Iraq. 2Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

a)





[email protected] f) [email protected]

Abstract. Cryptosporidiosis is a common cause of diarrhea in children. Morbidity rates are higher in

underdeveloped nations, where it is more common. The risk factors for cryptosporidiosis in children

with diarrhoea were studied in a case control study .The children in Al-Najaf city, who attend two

hospitals were the sample of the this study . There were 89 patients under the age of three in the

sample . The wet mounts, concentration approach was used to diagnose all stool samples that were

submitted for testing .In order to find Cryptosporidium oocysts in stool samples, researchers used the

Modified Ziehel-Neelsen staining technique. The control group included 61 children who seemed

healthy and were the same age as the experimental group .The statistical analysis of data revealed that

the P- value of age of children was (p=0.002), the P- value of the presence of animals in the

environment was (p=0.032), the age of the mother (p=0.005), and the feeding patterns (p=0.021) had all

of these factors been significant and should be considered a risk factors for Cryptosporidiosis. These

data show that children in Al-Najaf city are at risk for Cryptosporidiosis. The senior members of the

family may be at risk of infection due to the presence of these children. We urge that health authorities

become awareness of Cryptosporidium as a source of diarrhoea in children and that a protocol for

diagnosing this parasite be included in all labs' normal diagnostic testing for diarrhoeal stool specimens.

Keywords. Risk factor, Cryptosporidium Parvum, Children.

mailto:%20Corresponding%20author:%[email protected]




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Road Traffic Injuries in Iraq Related to the Sustainable

Development Goals: A Retrospective Study

Ali A. Aldhalemi1, a)

and Fadhil A. Abidi2, b)

1Engineering Technical College, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq

2Adminstrative Technical College, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq

a)


[email protected]

Abstract. The target 3.6 of The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) asserted the halving of the

number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic crashes by 2030.During the first Decade of

Action for Road Safety (2011-2020), the Iraqi government couldn’t achieve this international

commitment and fatalities and injuries witnessed ascending trends. The present work is a retrospective

study aims to provide a descriptive analysis of the available data concerning road traffic injuries in

Iraq during the period 2006 to 2020. The analysis will be directed on the light of the target 3.6 of the

SDGs to investigate the rates of the fatalities and injuries as these rates are the indicators adopted by

the United Nations to measure the progress towards achieving the SDGs. The results showed that the

reduction in fatalities in 2019 was only 2.5 % compared to 2011 and so there is an urgent need to

reduce the present growth rate of fatalities, otherwise the fatalities will reach 3698 in 2030 instead of

2152 that reported in 2020. The statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between

motorization rate and each of crashes, mortalities and injuries. The higher the ratio of collision crash

type the lower expected total number of fatalities as the collision resulted in the lowest fatalities per

one crash. The severity of all types of crashes in Iraq was 10 times or more higher than the

corresponding type in the Europe and North America countries. Besides other interventions, well

reporting and strict enforcement of the law are strongly recommended to achieve safe and sustainable

roads in Iraq.


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Development Spectrophotometric Ddetermination of

Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride in Dosage forms by Used

Oxidative Coupling Reaction

Ali M. Husseina) and Nebbel S.Othman

b)

Department of Chemistry , College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq

a)

Corresponding email : [email protected]

b)

[email protected]

Abstract. The determination of triflouperazine hydrochloride in pure and dose forms has been

developed using a simple spectrophotometric approach. The method employs an oxidative

coupling reaction with sulfanilic acid in the presence of N-bromosuccinimide to produce a

red-violet colored product with a maximum absorbance of 537nm. For 12 hours the product

remains stable. The a molar absorptivity of 0.55x104 L.mole -1.cm-1, Beer's law is followed

over a concentration range of 5-100 µg ml-1. Various experimental parameters that influence

the development and stability of the generated color output were thoroughly researched and

optimization , and a reaction pathway proposal was offered. The proposed approach was

successfully used to determine triflouperazine hydrochloride in tablets.

Keywords. Trifluoperazine hydrochloride , oxidative coupling , sulfanilic acid,

spectrophotometry


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Molecular Identification of Mutation Induced by Gamma

Ray in Fenugreek Using ISSR Markers

Taif AL-Saadi1,2,a)

and Attyaf AL-Tamimi1,b)

1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kufa University, Iraq

2Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Medical Technology department, Najaf, Iraq


b)[email protected]

Abstract. The aim of this study is to determine the mutation in fenugreek genotype using ISSR

markers. A molecular study was conducted at molecular lab belongs to biology department in Faculty

of Science / University of Kufa to study variation in fenugreek in response to gamma ray exposure.

Seeds were irradiated at five doses (0 Gy,25 Gy, 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy, 300 Gy and 400 Gy) , at

average of 18 Gy/hour using Cobalt 60 as irradiation source ,in addition to not irradiated control

treatment. Molecular variation detection accomplished by using sixteen inter simple sequence repeat

markers (ISSRs). Data analysis of sixteen ISSR markers revealed that higher 1750bp and lower 136 bp

molecular size were produced in primer HB12 and primer UBC849 gave highest value for (main,

polymorphic, unique ) bands in addition to discriminatory value .the most efficient primer was UBC-

852. Primer UBC881 produced higher value for polymorphism. Higher value for number of amplified

produced by primer 17889A. Results indicate the ability of gamma ray in generating of mutation and

efficiency of ISSR marker in detecting these mutations.

Keywords. (fenugreek, gamma ray , ISSR markers , polymorphism)


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Detection of Biofilm Formation and some Virulence Factors

among Plesiomonas Shigelloides Isolated from Diarrhea

Cases in Babylon City (Iraq)

Samah Sajad Kadim a)

, Zainab Sami Abbas

b), and

Hajer Ali Enad

c)

Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.

a)




Abstract. Sample were collected from Patients with diarrhea who visited the public health

laboratory center in AL-Hilla city as well as pediatric and maternity units between October 2017

and January 2018 in the current study, the detection of biofilm formation and some virulence

factors of Plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from samples of diarrhea cases, 10(16.7%) samples

were related to Plesiomonas shigelloides. The results revealed that all Plesiomonas shigelloides

isolates were biofilm former (100%), the strong biofilm former were account 3/10(30%),while

isolates that express moderate biofilm formations were 4/10(40%), and 3/10(30%)isolates that

express weak biofilms formation. The investigations of virulence factors associated with the

pathogenicity of Plesiomonas shigelloides was carriedsout using phenotypic detections. All isolates

lacked the ability to creates protease through the hydrolysissof the protein in question. When tested

on brain hearts infusion agar using M9, our findings revealed that all Plesiomonassshigelloides

isolates were unable to hydrolyzes the protein by protease enzymes (100 percent). Additionally,

discovered that all isolates were unable to produce extracellularsprotease after (24) hours of

aerobics incubation. In order to test whethersPlesiomonas shigelloides had the ability to create

these enzymes, experiments were conducted in egg-yolk agar media and Tween (80) medium to

see if the bacteria could make them. Afterwards, results revealed that 5/10 (50%), 2/10(20%)

respectively were positive to Lecithinase and lipase production.In this study, the CFA I, III were

investigated to Plesiomonas shigelloides isolates for their abilities to produce colonization factors

antigen, it was founds that 10/10(100%) isolates weresable to producesCFA (I, III) with human

blood cells.

Keywords. Plesiomonas shigelloides, Biofilm formation, CFAI,III, Protease production,

Lecithinase production.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Estimation Levels of Interleukin-10 and Interferon Gamma

in Serum Patients with Tuberculosis in Iraq

Israa, K. Obayes1, 2, a)

, Mohammad A. K. Al-Saadi2, b)

, and Hadi F. AL-Yasari2, c)

1 Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.

2Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Babylon University, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.

a)


b)

[email protected]


Abstract. This study was applied on 90 tuberculosis patients admitted in “the Babylon Center of

Tuberculosis and Chest diseases in Hilla, Iraq”. They were divided into four groups; 50 patients

with Pulmonary, 40 patients with Extra pulmonary,20 people as healthy contact group and 20

people as healthy controllgroup. Bloodssamples were collected from patients and controllgroup to

estimate interferon gamma, and Interleukin-10 using the enzyme linked immunosorbent Assay

technique. The ages range of all tuberculosis cases were ranged from 11 to more than 71 years;

tuberculosis patients consisted of 51 males and 39 females. The interleukins-10 was at their highest

levels in the group of Pulmonary and Extra pulmonary patients while the lowest levels were in the

healthy control and contact group. The interferon gamma shows that the concentration in serumoof

the pulmonary tuberculosis patients was significantly lower than control and contact group while the

concentration of interferon gamma in serum of the extra pulmonary tuberculosis patients was

significantly higher than control and contact group.

Keywords. Pulmonary tuberculosis, Extra pulmonary tuberculosis, Interleukin-10, interferon

gamma.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Comparative Study Between Non-Severe and Severe Covid-

19 Infections in the Levels of Albumin, Creatinine, and

Lactate Dehydrogenase

Mustafa J. Al Imari1, a)

, Karrar Salih Mahdi1, b)

, Iman Jaber Hasen2, c)

, Yasir Haider

Al-Maulah3, d)

, Saif Sahib Radhi1, e)

, and Mohammed Ali Yaseen1, f)

1Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.

2Food Sciences, College Veterinary Medicine of The-Qar University, The-Qar, Iraq.

3DNA research Center, University of Babylon, Babylon, Hilla-Najaf Street 51001, Iraq.

a)


Corresponding author: [email protected] c)




Abstract. This research aimed to compare albumin, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase levels in

patients with non-severe and severe covid-19 infections. This investigation was conducted at

Babylon provincial hospitals and private laboratories labs from October 2020 to December 2021.

The research included 30 patients with covid-19 infection, divided into two groups. Each group

contains 15 patients depending on infection severity. The serum samples were separated and stored

at -20°C until the lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, and albumin biological tests were performed.

The outcomes revealed a substantial decrease (P≤0.05) in albumin levels in severe Covid-19 patients

(34.976±3.17) compared to non-severe Covid-19 patients (40±14.765). Also, a considerable increase

was observed (P≤0.05) in creatinine levels in severe Covid-19 patients (1.16±0.45) compared to non-

severe Covid-19 patients (0.82±0.53). Finally, crucial elevation (P≤0.05) in lactate dehydrogenase

level of severe Covid-19 patients (913.27±213.16) compared to the group of non-severe Covid-19

patients (1437.27±251.27). Lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, and albumin are employed as medical

markers in severe covid-19 infection.

Keywords. Covid-19; albumin; creatinine; and lactate dehydrogenase.







1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Antibiotic Susceptibility Comparison of Environmental and

Clinical Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Escherichia Coli

Isolates

Ameer Abdulaaly Alhadrawi a) Hazim A. Naji Alhadrawi b)

Department of Ecology and pollution, Faculty of Science, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq.



Objectives: Current study aimed to investigate how Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Abstract.

Escherichia coli isolates from clinical and environmental sources respond to antimicrobial agents.

Methods: 40 samples were studied: (a) one Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli clinical

isolates from burn sources (n = 20), and (b) one Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli

environmental isolates from different water and soil sources (n = 20). Identification of isolates was

done by analyzing colony morphology, microscopic examination, and confirmed using the

VITEK®2 Compact. All isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing used the

Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: Current results showed that the most of the clinical and

environmental isolates were sensitive to almost all of the antimicrobial agents, except the

Escherichia coli from clinical isolates. High resistant was seen in Escherichia coli clinical isolates

compared to that of the environmental isolate. Conclusion: The occurrence of resistant clinical

isolates is relevant and gives rise to collective anxiety.

Keywords: Antimicrobial susceptibility, environment, In Vitro, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Healthy Cities and The Planning Treatments Used to

Confront Epidemics / International Experiences

Dhuha Algburi1,a)

, Abdul Sahib Albaghdadi1,b)

, Mohammed Basrawi1,c)

, and

khulood Al-Salim2,d)

1University of Kufa, College of Urban Planning, Kufa, Iraq

2College of Wisdom, Baghdad, Iraq

a)




[email protected]

Abstract. As COVID-19 wreaks havoc on cities and neighborhoods, the globe is learning new methods to solve

issues and prevent the potential repercussions of pandemics of revolutionary proportions and negative effects on

people and well-being in the future. It therefore becomes extremely important to consider re-examining how regions

and cities are planned, designed, built and maintained. As the problem of the study crystallized (the lack of measures

and treatments used for cities that make them flexible in light of the great challenges As a result of the spread of

epidemics), the study adopted a hypothesis indicating that (there is a link between urban planning and achieving

health in cities during and after the epidemic). The primary goal of the research is to (identify the treatments and

planning mechanisms used within the city to reduce the spread of epidemics in cities and to reach healthy cities).

Through a review of the published literature, we hope to present an overview of COVID-19 research connected to

cities in this paper. To present approaches and treatments for the development of healthy urban planning practices,

Providing examples of cities using a healthy city strategy and standards of human behavior to prevent the spread of

the epidemic.





1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Quality of life in Sustainable Human Cities Buthaynaa Talal Al-mumar

1,a)and Abdulsahib Naji Albaghdadi

2,b)

1Ministry of Planning, Najaf Planning Directorate,Najaf,Iraq. 2 College of Urban Planning, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq.

a)


b)[email protected]

Abstract. The rapid developments in cities led to the absence of the human dimension in the parts

of the city and its urban environment, which led to the neglect of the relationships that support and

enhance the quality of life in the city, which stems from the human relationship with the

surrounding environment and thus is reflected in his lifestyle and behavior, so it was necessary to

move towards understanding and knowing how to achieve The quality of life to reach sustainable

human cities by relying on the criteria used to measure the extent to which they are achieved in a

place, and within multiple measures, including the standard of living, average income, average

lifespan, age groups that can be produced in a city and other criteria that achieve the quality of the

human city, and thus Achieving sustainable cities that depends on the permanent and positive

relationship between man and place and the provision of all human, recreational and accompanying

needs, in addition to employing gardens, parks and squares in the establishment of cultural,

recreational and developmental activities, which doubles the attractiveness of the place for humans

and makes it a distinct social destination, which contributes to promoting balanced development for

all parts of the city, Hence the importance of the research in knowing the quality of life that can be

achieved in sustainable human cities. The main objective of the research is to determine the most

important dimensions and criteria for achieving the quality of life in sustainable human cities. To

this end, the concept of quality of life and the dimensions and indicators of its achievement were

presented and reviewed, and the human dimensions of sustainable cities were identified, along with

defining the principles of goal 11 of sustainable development related to quality of life, building a

theoretical framework around that, and exploring the most important vocabulary affecting the

achievement of quality of life in human cities locally and globally. Finally, the results were used to

provide recommendations, to add some vocabulary to enhance the quality of life in sustainable

cities.

Keywords. Quality of life, sustainability, sustainable cities, goals of goal 11 human cities.



1st



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(1st ICASDG2022)




Biochemical Parameter and Trace Elements for The

Population of The Neighbor of Shatt Al-Hillah

Thulfeqar Ahmed Hamzaa), Karrar Salih Mahdi

b), Saif Sahib Radhi

c), Mustafa

Jawad Al-Imari d)

, Karar Ahmed Hamza e)

, and Mohamed Ali Yaseen f)

Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.

s a)


Corresponding author: [email protected] c)




Abstract. The current research involves studying the total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant, and

trace elements of the population and patients living close to Shatt Al-Hillah, Babil providence, Iraq.

The blood samples were drawn from 40 neighbors (patients) and 30 volunteers (healthy people,

referred to as the control group). Determination of the total antioxidant capacity levels illustrates a

significantly low level for all groups for the population of the patients living close to Shatt Al-Hillah

compared with the controls group. Determination of the total oxidant levels illustrates a significantly

high level for all groups of the population of Shatt Al-Hillah neighbor (patients) compared with the

control group. Determination of the trace copper and zinc elements illustrates a significantly high

level for all groups of the population of the neighbor of Shatt Al-Hillah (patients) compared with the

control group, this study aims to highlight the need for a comparative study of the water quality of

Shatt Al-Hila River using methods The focus of this study was on these parameters due to their

relation to the increasing oxidative stress , in addition to the focus on heavy elements. conclusions,

geochemical characterizations were investigated using methods . The results of the study showed a

noticeable deterioration in water quality due to the high concentrations of oxidative stress , which

made it unhealthy for human, agricultural, and animal consumption.

Keywords. Trace elements; Oxidative stress; Total Antioxidant Capacity.







1st



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(1st ICASDG2022)


development


Human Resources Development as Strategic Entrance to Maximize

the Investment in Human Capital: Exploratory Research for a

Sample of Employees of NASA Iraq

Atheer Anwer Sharif 1,a

, Bilal Kamel Oudah 2,b

, and Ahmed Dheyauldeen Salahaldin 3,c

1)

University Of Anbar – Iraq, College of Administration and Economics , Public Administration Department 2)

University Of Anbar – Iraq, College of Administration and Economics, Business Administration Department 3)

University Of Anbar – Iraq, College of Administration and Economics, Business Administration Department




Abstract. The research aims to identify the impact of human resources development as a strategic entry

for investment on human capital in the private telecommunications sector, and to verify the extent of the

impact of human resources development and its active role in preparing an efficient, effective, trained

and well-prepared human resource based on scientific foundations, and to identify the concept of

investment in The human element that leads to improving the general performance of the organization

and works to qualify it to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage that enables it to achieve

organizational excellence. These strategies used in the development of human resources were analyzed

and their impact on maximizing investment was analyzed. The research was applied in Nasa Iraq

Connect Company, and the sample reached (60) Individuals from the human resources working in this

company, The SPSS program was used to analyze the data collected from the sample and the research

reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was the existence of a significant correlation

between human resources development and human capital, and considering employees a real

investment, it is necessary to work diligently and continuously for its good management, development

and development to achieve the company’s goals and improve its performance and increase

productivity, and good planning for investing human capital in a way that ensures good selection of the

human element and raising the level of its efficiency and development, which will It resulted in raising

the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization, and working on holding specialized courses or

workshops aimed at introducing the employee to the concept of human investment and his personal role,

in addition to the role of management in achieving the desired goals, The researchers suggest that a clear

plan be developed through which the company in question can determine its human capital and

capabilities in order to determine the extent to which it can be invested in the future through a set of

appropriate mechanisms for that.

Keywords: Human Resources Development, Investment in Human Capital, NASA Iraq Company.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)


development


The Smoothly Clipped Absolute Deviation (SCAD) Penalty

Variable Selection Regularization Method for Robust Regression

Discontinuity Designs

Ashwaq Abdul Sada Kadhima)

Technical Institute of Al Diwaniyah, AI Furat Al Awsat Technical University) (ATU), Al Diwaniyah, Iraq.

a) Corresponding author:[email protected]

Abstracts. It is necessary to find or search for a way by which the important variables are selected to be

included in the model to be studied. especially when the study data suffers from a cut-off point that

occurs as a result of an abnormal interruption of the phenomenon studied, which leads to the division of

the experimental units into two groups, where this division leads to a gap Or a jump in the values of

observations of the response variable, so we propose in this paper a new method for the process of

estimating and selecting important variables by combining the Regression Discontinuity Designs

(RDD) with the (Smoothly Clipped Absolute Deviation (SCAD)) Penalty method. Local linear

regression (LLR) method was used to estimate the effect of processing on the cut-off region of the

observations within the optimum bandwidth selection for the RDD design to obtain the best model, since (LLR ) is the basis of the ( RDD ) model . Three methods were used to determine the IK

(Iembens and kalyanman) bandwidth, cross-validation (CV) method, and The CCT (Calonico, Cattaneo

& Titiunik) bandwidth. The problem of the paper is that the design (RDD ) is used to estimate the

causal effect of the phenomenon studied, as the effects of treatment are estimated using the covariates

included to improve efficiency. Where the treatment is estimated with a small number of observations.

Therefore, this paper aims to employ the method (SCAD ) which is one of the methods of selecting the

variable in estimating RDD to improve accuracy with the covariates. A simulation study are conducted

to investigate the performance of the proposed method. The mean squared errors (MSE) is used to

choose the best model. To illustrate the use of SCAD with RDD, a simulation study with the R

program is used. .

Keywords. Regression Discontinuity Designs (RDD), (SCAD) Penalty, variable selection,

Local linear regression, bandwidth selection, IK, CV, CCT.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)


development


The Role of Entrepreneurship Passion in Corporate Sustainability:

An Analytical Study of the Opinions of a Sample of Managers in

the Asia Mobile Communications Company

Ameerh H. Haddawee1, a)

and Laith S. Mohsin2, b)

1College of Administrative Technology / Kufa, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU) ,Najaf, Iraq

2University of Kufa , Faculty of Administration and Economics,Najaf Iraq.



Abstract. This paper explores the relationship between the passion for entrepreneurship and corporate

sustainability, considering that the desire for entrepreneurship is the fuel that entrepreneurs need to continue and

achieve sustainability. This study aims to identify the nature of the relationship between entrepreneurial passion

and corporate sustainability, an applied study in Asia Telecom. Passion is an important behavior, despite all the

recent attention towards entrepreneurship passion, one particularly important question that has not been fully

addressed What makes entrepreneurs passionate? The literature on the passion for entrepreneurship has almost

universally focused on the passion towards “activities”, as the current study aims to investigate a variety of

activities related to the context of entrepreneurial passion (i.e. activities related to invention, establishment and

development). As a result of the research, if the research sample consisted of (100) entrepreneurs, and a set of

statistical methods were used for the Spss v.28 (Amos) program, standard deviations, arithmetic averages,

correlations and variance analysis, and the study problem centered on the following essential question “What is

the impact of the passion of entrepreneurship on the sustainability of companies,” and the current study tried to

verify the main hypothesis “there is a correlation between the passion for entrepreneurship and corporate

sustainability. More about this source textSource text required for additional translation information. Design:

Methodology: Approach The data was collected by designing a questionnaire distributed to (100) employees of

the Asia Telecom Company. The hypotheses developed through the literature related to the research variables

were tested. Results:The findings revealed a correlation and impact relationship between entrepreneurship passion

and corporate sustainability, indicating the importance of entrepreneurship passion. The extent of its contribution

to achieving success, discovering innovative opportunities, developing a new business intends to achieve

corporate sustainability, and the method of effective performance in light of competition and unexpected

environmental factors. Suppose it is based on three elements (Passion for invention, establishment, and passion for

development and development). In that case, passion plays a critical role in creating new projects and their results,

whichaligns with the sustainability requirements of a successful organization.Originality and value: This research

develops and tests a model that explores the impact of entrepreneurship passion on corporate sustainability.

Keywords. Passion for entrepreneurship, corporate sustainability, invention, incorporation, development

and development, Asia Telecom.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)


development


The role of strategic alignment in promoting strategic

sustainability

Ali Kazem Hussein Al-Sharifi

aarbaaa Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University

[email protected]

ABSTRACT The study aims to identify the relationship between strategic alignment and

sustainability because of their major role in contributing to the process of moving projects towards

sustainable development, and this term is used to describe sustainable development and to ensure

that the projects under study are directed to practice and implement strategic sustainability goals,

and from this standpoint the problem lies with a set of questions Including, there is interest in

strategic alignment, (and the extent to which strategic alignment is able to enhance strategic

sustainability, and a sample of (56) Respondents were selected from managers in projects affiliated

to the Hussain and Abbasid holy shrines. The statistical program (SPSS, V.23) was used to analyze

the relationship between the variables of the study, and one of the most important conclusions is that

these projects provide an economic, social and environmental framework that stimulates thinking

about a guiding approach that improves understanding of information, which is an important step in

the process of successful strategic alignment with its relationship in management Uncertainty in the

light of competition, and one of the most important recommendations reached is that the approach

to strategic alignment in theory is clear, but In practice it needs a great understanding in order to

maintain quality for the implementation of sustainable development programs, and that the

ecosystem has become a new system and a model for dynamic work in the face of challenges adding

ressing issues of organizational change.

Keyword: aligement strategic, Ctratbaoi CoCtaovaboaots .


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Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)


development


The Role of Internal Auditing in Improving Performance of Health

Institutions to Achieve Sustainable Development

Amel Merzah Sakhila),Yas Khudhair Abbas

b), Farqad Faisal Jadaan Sallal

c) and

khudier Majeed Allawid)

Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq.

a)




[email protected]

Abstract. The health internal audit is a tool through which the strengths and weaknesses of the internal

control system are discovered, with a review of the components of an effective control system, so the

study aims to demonstrate the role of the health internal audit in improving the performance of health

institutions to achieve sustainable development and to identify the control activities that help improve

The problem was to understand the role of internal health audit in improving the performance of health

institutions and its role in achieving sustainable development in the study sample (Al-Diwaniyah

Teaching Hospital), and this was accomplished by making the basic assumption that internal audit The

health care role is to improve the performance of health institutions to achieve sustainable development,

and the study has reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which are the health internal

audit, with the presence of an effective internal control system that works to ensure the achievement of

goals and helps management in making appropriate decisions and striving to improve performance,

which in turn contributes to achieving development. The study recommended the necessity of

integrating the health internal audit with the internal control system to diagnose deviations and work to

address them, which contributes to improving the performance of health institutions to achieve the goal

of sustainable development and good health, ensuring a healthy life and promoting well-being for all. .

Keywords. health internal audit, health institutions, sustainable development.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)


development


The Decentralization and its Impact on Achieving Sustainable

Development Goals - A Case Study about Najaf Governorate

Office

Husam Twayej 1,a)

and Arkan Al-Nasrawy 2, b)

1Chief of engineers in Najaf reconstruction committee, Najaf, Iraq.

2Faculty of Physical Planning, Kufa University, Najaf, Iraq.


b)[email protected]

Abstract. There are countries that tend to centralize and the consequent restriction in the powers granted to local

units especially in urban project planning. On the other hand, we find that there are other countries that tend

towards decentralization in their organization, which entrust the official local institutions with a broader scope in

planning and managing their local resources. The reason for this difference is that each country It applies the

organizational method that is compatible with its political, geographical, social and economic conditions and

considers decentralization as a branch that enters into political science, economy, administration and planning due

to the important role that it plays in sustainable development processes. It is a method of the local organization

aimed at distributing jobs between the central authority and the local governments of cities. The government

organization has two main patterns that all countries adopt, which are centralization and decentralization, the more

the state moves towards democracy, the more it turns towards decentralization and vice versa, that is, the greater

the degree of organizational centralization of the state, the more it tends towards dictatorship and totalitarian non-

pluralistic regimes, in addition to other considerations, including the age of the state’s emergence, political

stability, and the degree of awareness and crowd culture In addition to the area of the state and the number of its

population, as the state resorts to centralization at the beginning of its inception to extend its influence and

concentrate its power, as well as if the state suffers from political instability, it finds in centralization what helps it

to consolidate the pillars of its government. For this, it is necessary to know and measure the degree of

decentralization to centralization in the government system, because the degree and level of decentralization

depend on achieving sustainable development for cities by reviving the principle of democracy and participatory

decision-making of planning for service projects, that stems from local governments, This means that the research

hypothesis will be based on the fact that the relationship between decentralization and sustainable development is

a direct relationship and increases with the increase in the degree of decentralization. The importance of the

research: The topic of the research falls within the Sustainable Development Goals No. 11, Goal No. 16 and Goal

No. 17. Research problem: Knowing the degree of decentralization to local institutions by measuring it using a

statistical method. Research hypothesis: The degree of decentralization is directly proportional to the achievement

of sustainable development goals. Research objectives: Explaining the role of decentralization and its relationship

to achieving the goals of the 2030 Sustainable Development Plan. The research questioned: Explanation of the

relationship between the application of the decentralization approach at a greater level to accelerate the

achievement of sustainable development.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)

Fifth Topic | Natural resources and renewable energies (Technologies and

Engineering Sciences)


A Review Study to Manufacture each Part of Dye-Sensitized Solar

Cells

Zainab Haider Abdulrahman1,a), Dhafer Manea Hachim2,b) and

Ahmed Salim Naser Al − Murshedi2,c)

1Department of Power Mechanics, Technical College Najaf, Al_Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf

31001, Iraq 2Najaf Technical college, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf 31001, Iraq


b)[email protected]

c)[email protected]

Abstract . Solar cells are devices that convert solar energy (including photons) into electrical

energy. They are a renewable energy source and have great potential to overcome the energy needs

of society due to the simple manufacturing process with which they can be manufactured,

reasonable efficiency, as well as a customizable aesthetic appearance. Natural colors to color it in.

However, researchers are still struggling to market it due to its low purchasable efficacy. In order

to achieve fast electron transport, high catalytic activity, etc., which are responsible for improving

the performance of DSSCs, you need to understand the structure of the two subsystems (substrates,

barrier layer, transparent conductive oxide layer, semiconductor oxide layer, electrolyte, dye,

electrode) on a single platform to revive cell activity. This review provided a detailed study of each

layer of DSSCs and their development with explicit discussion. This review also facilitates graphic

contrast to understand and visualize a trend toward the scope of the selected research.

Keywords: DSSCS, Blocking layer, semiconductor, Transparent substrate, Dye




1st



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(1st ICASDG2022)




Productivity Enhancement of Solar Still by Solar Irradiation

Collecting Techniques: Review Study

"Duaa Chfat a)

, Hassanain Ghani Hameed b)

and Ali Shakir Baqirc)

Engineering Technical College Al-Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Najaf, 54001 Iraq


b)

[email protected]


Abstract. Water distillation techniques are good ways to deal with shortage of freshwater. One

of these techniques is solar water still which can be used to remove harmful substances from

contaminated water by using free solar energy to make it safe to drink before using it. The most

important obstacle to using a solar still is the modest amount of water that is produced.

Therefore, there is a need to improve the performance of solar stills so that more water

productivity can be made. In most rural areas, there aren't enough safe and clean places to get

water to drink. Water comes mostly from shallow wells and rivers in these places. However, this

water could be contaminated with harmful substances, like pathogenic bacteria, and therefore not

safe to drink. Thus it is appropriate to use this technique in such areas. Several researchers

focused them work on enhancing the productivity and efficiency of Single Slope Solar Still

(SSSS) through adopting a wide range of modifications. This review reports various techniques

that have been investigated to improve SSSS efficiency and clean water productivity.

Keyword. Solar Still, collector, Fresnel lens, Reflectors.


mailto:b)%[email protected]

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




ANN Modeling for Dynamic Viscosity of ZnO, CuO and

Multioxides ZnO-CuO Nano Engine Oil Lubricant SAE40

Hasan H. Khwayyir

1,a), Hyder H. Balla

2,b) and

Zaid S. Karim

3,c)

1Mechanical engineering Techniques of power department , technical engineering college, AL-

Furat al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq. 2Technical Institute Najaf, AL-Furat al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq.

3Mechanical engineering department, Engineering college , AL-Kufa University, Najaf, Iraq

a) Corresponding author: [email protected].

b) [email protected].

c)[email protected]

Abstract. The present paper is based on the influence of addition of CuO, ZnO and CuO-ZnO

nanoparticles on the dynamic viscosity of SAE 40 engine oil. Samples were prepared of varying

percentage of nanoparticles in SAE 40 engine oil (0.02, 0.04. 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1 vol. %). The

Experimental results show that both nanoparticles of CuO, ZnO and CuO-ZnO as additives in

engine oil at various mixing percentage have higher dynamic viscosity property than the pure

engine oil. Also dynamic viscosity of nanoparticles with different concentrations in engine oil

gives an effective functionality of engine oil. The measured dynamic viscosities with all

parameters affected type of nanoparticles and volume factions were used as inputs to the

artificial neural network system to modeling the dynamic viscosity. And This join with

Renewable energies investments and methods of utilization and diversification. The ANN

model has highly coincided with the experimental results up to 1.5%.

Keywords. , Lubricating oil, Nanoparticles, Dynamic Viscosity, ANFIS modeling, CuO and

ZnO.




1st



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(1st ICASDG2022)




Using the Nano-Composite Coating Technology to Improve PV

Solar Cell Performance: A review

Ali Majid Abbood1, a)

and Qahtan A. Abed 2, b)

1Master student,Engineering technical college/ Najaf, Al - Furat Al- Awsat Technical University,Iraq

2Technical Institute/ Al-Rumaitha, Al - Furat Al- Awsat Technical University, Iraq.

a)Corresponding author:[email protected]

b)[email protected]

Abstract. The photovoltaic (PV) performance decreases as the surface temperature goes up,

especially in hot weather conditions. Therefore, researchers resorted to using passive and active

cooling systems, but this technology adds more cost to their manufacture and application. In

addition to increasing the size of the solar panel system, other technologies are using nano-

composite coatings, such as TiO2, ZnO, and CNT, to apply to the surface of PV solar cells. This

technology seeks to create and distribute a nano-composite coating that is projected to lower solar

energy system maintenance costs and increase solar panel efficiency. The authors found that the

coating acts as a heat dissipator, lowering the temperature of a solar cell. Some results have

achieved a temperature reduction of 5.7 °C by using multilayers of Al2O3/SiN/TiO2/SiN/SiO2,

and others have recorded a temperature reduction of 9.7 °C and (+2.3%) efficiency improvement

by using TiO2 NPs, compensating for the drop in power output caused by the solar cell's surface

temperature increase and protecting it from ageing and thermal damage. In addition, by

increasing the rate of transmission (anti-reflection technology), such as using anti-reflection

nanocomposite materials such as Carbon Nano Tube (CNT), improved solar cell efficiency by

31.25%. The surface coating minimizes light reflection and increases light absorption, allowing

for increased power generation. Research in this field is continuing, as researchers are working on

experimenting with more nanomaterials with different polymers matrixes to find the best

combination of thin-film coating to achieve the best results in the field of ultraviolet radiation

absorbency and less reflection of visible radiation, which leads to an efficiency improvement for

solar cells.

Keywords: PV solar cells, Nano-composite coating, PV temperature redaction, anti-reflective

coating



1st



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(1st ICASDG2022)




Numerical Simulation of Heat Exchanger Inside the Single Solar

Still with PTC

Hawraa Fadhel1,a)

, Qahtan A Abed2,and Dhafer M Hachim

3

1Department Of Technical Power Mechanics, Technical Engineeringcollege / Najaf, Al-Furat Al-AwsatTechnical

University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq 2Technical Institute / Al-Rumaitha, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq

3Department Of Technical Power Mechanics, Technical Engineeringcollege / Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat

Technical University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq

a)


Abstract: Water is necessary for human survival; individuals consume 20 to 50 liters of safe

drinking water each day for drinking, cooking, and other household activities. Contaminated

water is not only unsanitary, but also dangerous to one's health. The main aim of this study is to

improve the productivity of solar water desalination by selecting the best solar still design. The

best design for the single solar still is selected by a simulation was made in the COMSOL 5.5

program by use of two designs of heat exchanger, one of which is winding and the other is a

evaporate (absorber plate and pipes) .As well as to improve productivity. Using a heat exchanger

inside the solar still which is second type we will get the highest temperatures from the winding

heat exchanger. The highest water temperature inside the solar still was about 92.53⁰C and the

temperature of the inner glass surface 79.651⁰C at 2:00pm, higher than the winding heat

exchanger temperatures of 86.78⁰C and 72.472⁰C, respectively. Also, the productivity of distilled

water when using a second type heat exchanger is higher than the first type heat exchanger,

reaching 5.35017 Kg/m2 hr during the day. While the productivity when using an winding heat

exchanger is 4.5 Kg/m2 hr.

Keywords: Parabolic trough collector, solar still, fresh water.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Eggshells Ribbed Tri – Potassium Phosphate Fabricated

Catalyst for Ethanolysis Conversion of Waste Cooking

Oilsto Biodiesel Fuel Essam O. Al-Zaini

a)

Aeronautical Engineering Department, Technical Engineering College/Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University (ATU), Najaf, 31001, Iraq a)


Abstract. Biodiesel is a promising green alternative fuel for compression ignition engines

(C.I.E.s) made from vegetable oil or animal fat transesterification. Compared to traditional

diesel fuel, biodiesel becomes a vital alternative green fuel. Due to high input feed and product

purification costs, existing production systems offer less competitive prices than petroleum-

derived diesel. Non-edible vegetable oils, such as waste cooking oils, may be less expensive

than virgin edible vegetable oils in the feed stream.Similarly, replacing conventional

homogeneous catalysts with solid heterogeneous catalysts in biodiesel synthesis could reduce

the complexity of biodiesel processing. This is due to their ease of separation from the reaction

mixture, which improves product purity. The current study entails designing and manufacturing

solid, waste-based catalysts for chemical reactions involving spent vegetable oils ethanolysis.

The catalyst under consideration is eggshell-supported tri-potassium phosphate (K3PO4). It

seems worthy to indicate that impregnating solid eggshell with tri-potassium phosphate to

generate a new active heterogeneous catalyst has never reported in the literature. Thus the

combination of the two substances becomes the main subject of the current experiments. The

primary chemical reaction's primary variables were ethanol:oil molar ratio (6:1 to 12:1), catalyst

concentration (4-8wt%), and time (1-3 hours). Like stirring speed and reaction temperature,

other parameters remain constant at 600r.min-1

and 60oC, respectively. To ensure the optimal set

of variables combination, runs were conducted following a 3-variable central composite design

of experiments (CCD). GC-mass analysis was used to determine the liquid phase composition.

The current study's findings indicate that ethanol transesterification of waste cooking oil

catalyzed by eggshell- K3PO4 is a promising and effective route for biodiesel production.The

process reached a peak conversion of 99.9% at an average molar ratio (A = 9 mol Et/mol oil)”.

Keywords. Biodiesel, Eggshell, Ethanolysis Reaction

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Effect of Using Helical Tape inside Tubes on the Performance of

Evacuated Tubes Solar Collector

Hassan Ali Jurmut a), Kadhim Fadhil Nasir

b) and Haider Al-Hamadani

c)

Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Musaib Technical College, Department of Machines and Equipment

Engineering Techniques, Babil, Iraq

a)




Abstract: The thermal performance of the evacuated tubes solar collector (ETSC) for heating

water with and without helical tape inside tubes is evaluated experimentally. The effect of

employing helical tape in evacuated tube on the water mean temperature inside the storage tank

and collector thermal efficiency has been investigated under winter ambient conditions in AL-

Mussaib city-Babylon-Iraq on January and February 2021. The results showed an improvement

for using the helical tape inside the evacuated tubes. The maximum meat temperature that

recorded for using helical tape inside evacuated tubes was found to be 88°C while it observed to

be 72.9 for using the collector without helical tape. Also the results presented the maximum

collector efficiency to be 36% for using helical tape inside evacuated tubes while it observed to

be 28 for using the collector without helical tape. The maximum water mean temperature inside

the storage tank for using the helical tape inside the evacuated tubes is almost 19% higher than

that without employing the tape for all tests while the collector efficiency for using the helical

tape inside the evacuated tubes is almost 27% higher than that without employing the tape.

Keywords: Evacuated, tubes, solar, collector, water heating.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




A Review of Bio-Kerosene and Biodiesel Existed Production

Technologies

Essam O Al-Zaini a)

, Mohamed H Al-Kafaji b)

, Adil B K Al-Suhail1, c)

,

Mohammed M Farhan d)

, Ahmed T Jabur e)

, Abbas A Jaber f)

, Karrar N

Kadhim g)

, and Kadhim D Nassef h)

Aeronautical Engineering Department, Technical Engineering College/Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University (ATU), Najaf, 31001, Iraq a)


b)[email protected]

c)[email protected]

d)[email protected]

e)[email protected]

f)[email protected]

g)[email protected]

h)[email protected]

Abstract. Concerns about the environmental effect of anthropocentric greenhouse gas

emissions and the depletion of global crude oil reserves are driving global initiatives to discover

renewable energy sources for the transportation sector. Biodiesel derived from renewable

sources (vegetable oil and animal fats) has been widely accepted as an adequate substitute for

petroleum-based diesel fuel in daily transport vehicles around the world because it is a

renewable fuel, biodegradable, non-toxic, has almost no sulphur content, and is an

environmentally friendly alternative to diesel fuel. Vegetable oils are now being investigated as

input feedstocks for bio-kerosene via hydrotreating and transesterification processes. However,

hydrotreatmentsseemcostly and unpleasant practice. Transesterification appears to be a more

cost-effective option.Researchers in the letriture have not paid much attention to the

combination of bio-kerosen and biodiesel fuel generation so far. Therefore the present study

examined several biodiesel production systems, including an overview of the employed

feedstocks and recent improvements in their related catalytic facilities. The current study is a

good tool for novices to learn biodiesel and the limits related to its manufacturing.

Keywords. Bio-Kerosene, Biodiesel, Catalysts

mailto:a)%20Corresponding%20author:%[email protected]

mailto:b)[email protected]

mailto:c)[email protected]

mailto:d)[email protected]

mailto:e)[email protected]

mailto:f)[email protected]

mailto:g)[email protected]

mailto:h)[email protected]

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Improvement of PV Cell Performance by Using Different Cleaning

Methods: Review

Safa Faisal Saleh Mahdi1, a)

Mahdi Hatf Kadhum Aboaltabooq and Hasan H.

Khwayyir 1,b)

¹Department of Technical Power Mechanics, Technical Engineering College / "Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq".

a)

[email protected] b) [email protected]


Abstract. The Solar Photovoltaic panel cleaning technology can considerably increase the

efficiency of generated electricity and also increase the durability of solar panels. The various

cleaning methods, such as electrostatic cleaning system, super hyperbolic coating methods,

mechanical method, microcontroller based automatic cleaning method, self-cleaning nanodomes

and various characteristics of dust particles are discussed in this study. This study demonstrates

the various cleaning methods of solar photovoltaic panels. Much research has been done on these

methods and many papers have been published, particularly on Martian and lunar mission. The

methods were either mechanical or electronica in concepts or both. By analyzing various systems

in this study, some of them are shown to be in practice and many are under research. From the

analysis and comparison in this study, the best method was the electrostatic cleaning method.

Key Words: Solar panel; Self-cleaning; Electrostatic cleaning; Super hyperbolic coating.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Studying the Effect of Jute Fiber Reinforcement on Epoxy

Mechanical Properties

Amani Ahmed a)

, Awham M.Hameed and Sallal A.H. Abdullaha

Department of Applied Scinces, University of Technology - Iraq

a)


Abstract. This study investigate the Epoxy performance after reinforcing with Jute fibers. Before

reinforcement process, the natural jute fibers were immersed in three different concentrations of

acetic acid (1%, 5%,10%) for one hour, then epoxy composites were made from these treated

fibers in a way that the weight fraction of jute fibers is 30% also other samples of composite were

made from epoxy but with untreated jute fibers. Upon making the reinforced composites,

different mechanical properties were tested, namely shore-D hardness, roughness, shock

resistance and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) examination for the samples that had been

subjected to the impact test in order to examine the fracture surface of those samples.

This study proved that when epoxy reinforced with 30% of natural untreated jute fibers to a bout

30% increase in the impact strength of the composite.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Heat Transfer Fluids in in Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) : A

Review Study

Hussein Ali Jabbar 1, a)

, Dhafer Manea Hachim

1, b) ,and Kareem J. Alwan

2, c)

1 Engineering Technical College / Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University ,31001, Najaf, Iraq.

1Najaf Technical Institute / Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University ,31001, Najaf, Iraq.

a)



[email protected]

Abstract. A solar thermal collector is a heat collector that absorbs heat via sunlight. It is a

device that turns the thermal energy in sunshine or solar radiation into a useful and storable

form. This energy is conveyed via electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from

infrared (long) to ultraviolet (short). Solar energy is one of the cleanest and most versatile

renewable energy sources when compared to other renewable energy sources. Solar trough

collectors (PTC), Compound Parabolic Collectors (CPC), Linear Fresnel Collectors (LFC),

Solar Towers, and Solar Dish Collectors are all types of solar concentrator systems. One of the

most common types of solar concentrators is the parabolic trough collector (PTC). Working

fluids, also known as heat transfer fluids (HTFs), are a crucial component of (PTC) that will be

investigated. Water, thermal oil, molten salts, and gases are just a few of the working fluids

used in the parabolic trough collector, all of which types operate in a temperature range. This

research evaluates thermal performance of a parabolic trough collector by employing different

heat transfer fluids (HTFs) at a temperature range up to 823 K under various operating

conditions. The fundamental physical parameters, such as specific heat, density, viscosity, and

thermal conductivity of working fluids (HTFs) and their output temperatures, thermal

efficiency, advantages, disadvantages, and cost of the working fluids are also presented. After

comparing the various working fluids which are used in parabolic trough collectors (PTC), it is

found that Liquid Sodium is the most reliable heat transfer fluid (HTF) based on number of

factors, including useful energy, thermal efficiency, low cost, high temperature operation range,

and physical qualities in operation. Liquid sodium provides good thermal performance factors,

including useful energy, thermal efficiency, low cost, and a high temperature operation range.

Keywords. Heat transfer fluids (HTFs), working fluids in Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC),

Renewable energy (solar energy) .




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Capacitive Energy Harvesting from 132kV High-Voltage

Transmission Lines Fields in Iraq

Ammar N. Abd1, a)

, Mudhaffar S. AL-Zuhairy2, b)

and Ali A. Abdullah Albakry 3, c)

1 Department of Electrical Power Engineering Techniques, Al-Mussaib Technical college, Al-Furat Al-Awsat

Technical University,51009 Babylon, Iraq.

2 Engineering Technical College-Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, 31001 Najaf, Iraq

3 Department of Electrical Power Engineering Techniques, Al-Mussaib Technical college, Al-Furat Al-Awsat

Technical University,51009 Babylon, Iraq.

a)




Abstract. This is the first time the electric field energy has been captured from Iraq's national

grid's 132kV high-voltage transmission lines (HVTL). For harvesting the discharging current of

line capacitive electric field energy, a square conductor plate is inserted between the power lines

and the ground. The rectified charged voltage between the conductor plate and the ground

surface is stored in a storage capacitor, which is used to store the collected electric energy. A

low-power comparator is used in a power management circuit to harvest the stored energy. The

circuit functions autonomously in response to the amount of stored energy. The experimental

findings obtained under the real three-phase 132kV HVTL demonstrate that the linked capacitor

charges quickly, indicating that it might be utilized to power low-power consumption

equipment. With its simplicity, resilience, and cheap cost, the non-contact energy harvesting

device proposed here is predicted to be extensively employed in power transmission,

distribution, and grid monitoring applications shortly.

Keywords. capacitive, energy harvesting, power electronic converters, high voltage TL, electric

fields, NPEH


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Numerical Study of Laminar Burning Velocity of CH4/air Mixture

with H2 Dilution and Different Initial Pressure

Salam Hasan Mahdi1, a)

and Zaid Maan H. Al-Dulaimi2

1Department of Mechanical Power Engineering/ Technical Engineering College, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

Univ/Najaf /Iraq

2Department of Mechanical Power Engineering, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical Univ.,Iraq


Abstract. laminar burning velocity (LBV)is one of the most essential parameter that determined

thy type of fuel used in combustion . The (LBV) depends mainly on the ratio of unburned to

burned density. This numerical study aims to increase the efficiency of combustion processes

like internal combustion engines. While methane is one of the fuel which show promising

replacement of liquid fossil fuels such as gasoline and diesel due to it is lower pollutantions

emission. such as hydrogen, with its ability of high rate of combustion will augment the burning

velocity of the mixture. Also, the initial pressure influence on the laminar flame speed is

studied. It is found that adding hydrogen to the methane /air mixture by 30% of fuel volume will

rise the (LBV) by 32% (37cm/s - 48cm/s). On the other hand, increasing initial pressure is found

to decelerate (LBV).In such way , double the initial pressure will element adding hydrogen with

maximum percentage used in present work. Finally, it is concluded that hydrogen must be added

by more than 30% of methane / air mixture volume to exceeds the negative effect of doubling the

initial pressure.

Keywords. laminar burning velocity, methane Fuel, Hydrogen Fuel, Combustion, Dilution.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




A Comparative Study between the Soft Computing MPPT

Techniques and Traditional Incremental Conductance under

Arbitrary Environmental Conditions

Ali Akbar Khaleel Mhmood1, a)

and Fadhel A. Jumaa2, b)

1Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical College-AL Mussaib, Babil, Iraq.

2Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical College-AL Mussaib, Babil, Iraq.

a)


[email protected]

Abstract. The outcome of this research is to study and validate a photovoltaic (PV) module

connected to the resistive load using soft computing Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT).

The MPPTs used in this study are the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fuzzy Logic

(FL)which are used to track the maximum power of a 200W PV module. First, the mathematical

analysis for the PV module, ANN technique, and FL technique is done. The MATLAB

Simulink was investigated to model, verify, and simulate the MPPTs. Second, the studied PV

system was tested under step change in load and irradiance conditions to obtain the difference

in the performance between the soft computing techniques and conventional Incremental

Conductance (IC) techniques in terms of oscillation value, dynamic speed, and method’s

efficiency. The obtained results from the simulation presents that both ANN and FL techniques

have less steady state power oscillation, and they faster than the IC technique in terms of

tracking the MPP. Therefore, the performance and efficiency of the studied PV module was

improved and then the life time of the system is extended.

Keywords. Soft computing maximum power point tracking, the artificial neural network and

fuzzy logic, maximum power point tracking, incremental conductance.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Review Analysis on Performance of Ribbed Solar Air Heater by

CFD Approach

Zaid Hasan a) and Hakim T. Kadhim

b)

Technical Institute of Al-Diwaniyah, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Iraq

a)


[email protected]

Abstract. Solar air heaters (SAHs) are used in a wide variety of household and industrial

applications. Smooth absorber plate in traditional solar duct has a low value of convective heat

transfer coefficient. Enhancing the thermal efficiency of SAHs can be achieved by using artificial

roughness ribs placed on the absorber plate. However, this use of roughness results in increasing

the pressure loss due to the friction between the airflow and roughened plate surface. This paper

presents a summarized review of the recent studies that deal with the application of

computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to enhance the thermohydraulic performance of SAHs by

utilizing different designs of artificial roughness ribs. This includes the selection of a high-

performance turbulence model based on Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) approach.

The enhancement in the thermal performance parameter of a solar air heater, by utilizing different

shaped roughness geometries with different configurations, based on recent studies is presented at

a specific value of Reynolds number.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Augmentation of Heat Transfer in Duct by Staggered Vortex

Generators

Ahmed H. Yousif a), Maher R. Khudhair

b) and Mohannad A. Kadhom

c)

AL-Dewaniyah Technical Institute, AL-Furat Al- Awsat Technical University,Dewaniyah, Iraq

a)

Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected]

b)

[email protected], [email protected] c)

[email protected]

Abstract. A numerical simulation is performed to study the effect of two types vortex generators (VGs)

on heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop in duct. There are two types of V.G., one is concave V.G.

and the other is rectangular. The aim of the study is observe effects of the shape and arrangement this

V.Gs in channel to the increase of heat transfer with Reynolds number range from (300 to 1500). Both

types of V.Gs were placed in 45o angle of attack, in an in line and staggered position. The results shows

that the staggered position gives the high heat transfer coefficient enhancement and concave is better

than rectangular V.Gs by 7-10%.

Keywords: heat transfer, vortex generators, CFD, Nusselt number


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Investigating the Thermal Behavior and Productivity of a Double

Slope Solar Still System Integrated with a Basin of Phase Change

Material Supported by an Experimental Data

Hazim Jassim Jaber 1, a)

, Qais A. Reshack 2, b)

, Qahtan A. Abed 3, c)

,and Saif W.

Mohammed Ali 1, d)

1Department of Mechanical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering,University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.

2Department of Mechanical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.

3Technical Institute/Al-Rumaitha , Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Iraq.





Abstract: A numerical model was formulated in the present study to investigate the performance of a

double slope solar still system integrated with a PCM (Phase Change Material) basin. The thermal

behavior and productivity of the solar still was investigated under different solar irradiation fluxes

corresponding to different operating time hours. OpenFOAM V.8 code was used to solve the model using

finite volume method for solution and scheme discretization. In addition, the solidity phase fraction

gradient was studied under similar conditions. The numerical results were supported by an experimental

data from literature conducted to the same project of the current work to validate the formulated numerical

model. The numerical test of the double slope solar still was investigated under two different solar fluxes

applied on both the south and north sides of the glass cover. Results show that temperature gradient on the

south part side of the solar still is higher than the gradient values in the north part side. Additionally, it was

found that temperature increases toward water surface because of the heat stored in the water and PCM.

Regarding the solidity phase fraction of the PCM, it was found that the PCM is fused partially as the

melting temperature can’t be reached. However, because the upper layers in the PCM region are closer to

the heat source comes from the solar still, solidity fraction of these layers is higher than the fraction values

in the layers below. Indeed, the phase fraction gradient is dependent on the solar flux, higher solar flux,

higher phase fraction gradient. Moreover, interesting finding is that the productivity increases with the

operating time hours despite the reduction in the solar irradiation where the maximum productivity

reached is 0.450 (l/m2.hr) at 4:00 PM and solar irradiation equals to 466 (W/m

2) while at 12:00 PM where

the irradiation reaches its maximum value (1208 W/m2), the productivity is lower (0.19 l/m

2.hr). The

numerical behavior of the accumulated and instantaneous productivity is agreeable and acceptable in

compare with the experimental behavior where the average error of all instantaneous productivity values

does not pass 20%.

Keywords: Double Slope Solar Still system, Solar Still system for Desalination, Productivity of Solar Still

unit, Solar Still with Phase Change Material, Thermal Performance of Solar Still System.





1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




A Study on the Wind Blade Performance Using Blade Element

Momentum Theory

Oday I. Abdullah1,2,3,a)

, Marrwa S. Ghanim1, Hakim S. Sultan

4,

Azher M. Abed5,and

Muhsin Jaber Jweeg

6

1Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

2Department of Mechanics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan

3Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany

4University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, College of Engineering Karbala, Iraq

5Air conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Iraq

6College of Technical Engineering, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq


Abstract. In this research paper, the aerodynamic performance of the blade of horizontal axis

wind turbine has been investigated numerically based on the the Blade Element Momentum

(BEM) method. The blade in this analysis is divided into several computational elements, where

assumed no aerodynamic interaction between the elements. The primary objective is to analyze

the blade performance under certain initial and boundary conditions. In addition to investigate the

effect of geometrical parameters that include the radius of the blade tip, the blade twist, the lift-to-

drag ratio and the induction factors as the primary dynamic parameters on the performance of the

wind blade. It was determined the design parameters for a wind turbine that built using

NACA4415 airfoil shape. It was found that the total thrust force, the total torque and the total

power that would be generated by the selected wind turbine are 3739.5 N, 1827.0 N.m and 29.9

kW, respectively. The results also showed that reducing the number of blade elements results in

an underestimation of the results based on aerodynamic predictions. Therefore, the number of

blade elements needs to be adequately selected for reliable solution of BEM equations. It was

found that the maximum value of the differential power along the radial position on the wind

turbine span occurred at r/R=0.8. Furthermore, the maximum percentages of increment in the

axial induction factor when change the radial position from the tip to the root of blade was 62%.

While, for the tangential induction factor was decreased by 88% for the same change.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




The Effect of Artificial Roughness on Performance of Solar Air

Heater (SAH): A Review Study

Gaith Moneem Fadala1, a)

and Ahmed Hashem Yousef 2, b)

1 Engineering Technical College, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, al-Najaf,31001, Iraq

2 Al-Diwaniyah Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Diwaniyah,31001, Iraq

a)


[email protected]

Abstract. Solar air heaters (SAHs) are the most widely used and inexpensive solar energy

systems. As the absorbing plate collects solar radiation and transfers heat energy to the passing

air, many effective experimental and analytical studies have been conducted on the SAH

roughness solar heaters by a number of researchers. The artificial roughness elements that break

down the laminar sub-layer at the surface of the absorber plate are detailed in this work in order

to optimize heat transfer absorption in the solar air heater duct. in this paper. In this example,

we'll look at how different forms of synthetic roughness affect performance and heat transfer. The

experiments on this page show how the shape and type of synthetic roughness and its many

properties can improve the performance of solar air heaters.

Keywords. Fluid flow, heat transfer, solar energy, friction factor, photovoltaic

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Numerical Study of Cooling a Photovoltaic Panel with the Addition

of a Phase Change Material

Ammar Al-Daamee

a), Ali Najah Al-Shamani

b), Dhafer Manea Hachim

,and

Karaar Mahdi Al-Araji

Department of Technical Power Mechanics, Technical Engineering College / Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq

a) Corresponding contact: ammar.faisil.ms.etcn @student.atu.edu.iq


Abstract. The efficiency of solar panels is affected by high temperatures that exceed the standard

operating temperature which is 25 degrees Celsius. The use of phase-changing materials is one of

various methods for lowering cell temperature. However because , heat transfer studies including

PCM and PV panels are extremely difficult to conduct, The study was conducted using energy

relations and heat transfer principles by the numerical simulation program (COMSOL

Multiphysics 5.5) to select the best model for its manufacture and conduct experiments on it this

paper provides a thorough examination of how heat transfer of PV panels in combination with

PCM works Through a study conducted in the city of Najaf in Iraq With temperatures reaching up

to 65 degrees Celsius , The results of this study pointed out that the PV-PCM units allow achieving

higher performances in comparison with a conventional PV module, especially during the hottest

months. the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, it is inversely proportional to the increase in

temperature. Therefore, the efficiency increases in the presence of the phase-changing material,

where it reaches (14 %) at the peak.

Keywords. Photovoltaic, Phase change materials, solar energy, COMSOL Multiphysics

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Water Desalination by Parabolic Concentrator: A review

Ahmed Raheem Qaida),Ali Shakir Baqir

b), and Montadhar Almoussawi

c)

Department of Power Mechanics, Technical College Najaf, Al_Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf 31001,

Iraq

a)


b)[email protected]

c)[email protected]

Abstract. The scarcity of freshwater especially in remote areas led the researcher to find

alternative techniques to produce suitable water for human everyday life; one technique is using

solar energy .Water desalination systems depend on traditional energy resulting from the use of

fossil fuels, which results in their use of many environmental and health hazards. Solar energy

is one of the important and promising solutions to the energy crisis, as well as the solutions

developed to solve the crisis of harmful waste that affects humans and the environment. There

are many uses for which solar energy can be used such as using photovoltaic cells as well as

using solar energy condensers to benefit from the thermal energy associated with sunlight. This

paper will review previous studies which concern the desalination processes of seawater and

brackish water solar energy parabolic dish concentrators. Compound parabolic collectors

(CPCs) have been shown to be cost-effective and beneficial in a temperature range below 100

°C, as well as, in the temperatures range of (100 °C-250 °C) in solar desalination systems, and

so there has been a rising trend in their use in recent years

Keywords. Solar energy, water Desalination, parabolic dish, parabolic trough.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Cooling Techniques for Enhancing of Photovoltaic Cell Efficiency:

Review

Mohammed J. Mohammed1, a)

Wissam H. Khalil2, b)

Anas BOUGUECHA 3, c)

and

Mohamed HADDAR3

1National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.

2The Renewable Energy Research Centre, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq

3 Laboratory of Mechanics Modeling and Production, National School of Engineers of Sfax,University of Sfax,

Sfax, Tunisia. a)




Abstract. The current energy requirements are mostly met by fossil fuels and non-renewable sources which

are depleting at rapid rate besides being emitters of greenhouse gases, so the solutions depend on renewable

energy. Solar energy is one of these clean renewable energies, that are inexhaustible and has no emissions.

The solar radiation falling on the photovoltaic cells, part of it converted into electrical energy and the other

part of this radiation converted into heat, which causes decrease in the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell. In

general, the performance of photovoltaic cells decreases by 0.5% for each degree of temperature rise, and

this depends on the type and material of photovoltaic cells used. Therefore, it was necessary to solve this

problem by controlling the operating temperature by various cooling techniques, especially in areas with

high temperatures, in order to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic cells. This work, has been reviewed

the studies and research conducted in recent years on cooling techniques and controlling the operating

temperature of photovoltaic cells and analyzed the results. These methods include natural air cooling,

forced air cooling, passive water cooling, active water cooling, and pcm cooling. The results showed that

forced cooling methods (forced cooling with water or air) are more efficient than passive methods, as

expected. However, active cooling methods require costs for construction and maintenance, in addition it

consume energy, so it is possible to replace passive cooling instead of active cooling because passive

cooling may lead to more energy gain in some cases than active cooling if the energy consumed for

pumping in the active cooling is taken into consideration and reduce the costs. The using of hybrid cooling

photovoltaic / thermal system (pv \ t), the active cooling is better than the passive cooling because the heat

rejected can be used. As for areas that have very hot climate, it is preferable to use front cooling with water,

as it considered more economical. Cooling with phase change materials increases the efficiency of energy

production and also gives an opportunity to use thermal energy. But this method is less efficient of other

methods and the cost of installing it is high.

Keywords. cooling techniques, photovoltaic cell, Air based cooling, Water based cooling, PCM

cooling.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




The Dynamic Response of Doubly Curved Shell under Effect of

Environment Sustainable Temperature

Ahmed Raee Madeh1, a)

and Nabel Kadum Abd-Ali2, b)

1 Computer Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University,

Najaf, Iraq 2 Mechanical Engineering Dep., College of Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah,

AL-Dewaniyah, Iraq

a)


[email protected]

Abstract. The current work aimed to demonstrate the reliability of some engineering applications

to work under hard conditions and thermal environment, which results in the failure of many

engineering structures such as spacecraft components and to benefit from those results in order to

achieve the required limits for sustainable development and reach the best results under the

influence of those environments. according to extremely high specific stiffness and strength,

composite laminates with fiber reinforcement were widely being employed in weight sensitively

applications like aeroplanes and spacecraft which are under the influence of transient rectangular

and sine pressure pulse loads during launch and in the orbit which consider the highest in the

structure. In some situations, a thermo-mechanical transient loads become the dominant loads,

and that one of the factors that can influence on the laminate design is their thermal stability. The

present work presents a semi-analytical approach (levy-type) by using Matlab 2020 code to

examine the effect of fiber orientation on the transient response such as the central deflection as

well as normal stress response analysis of doubly curved composite shallow shell exposed to

triangular and sinusoidal distributed pressure pulse loading. The results show that various

materials, geometric characteristics, boundary conditions and temperature effect have different

influences on response parameters.

Keywords: Sustainable environment Doubly curved, Environmental temperature, Semi-

analytical, spacecraft components.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Ultra-Step-Up DC-DC Converter for Renewable Energy

Applications

Ali Yaqoub Hamza1, a)

and Fadhel A. Jumaa2, b)

1Department of Electrical Power Techniques Engineering, Technical College of AL-Mausaib, Babylon, Iraq

2Al-Furat Al- Awsat Technical University, Babylon, Iraq

a)



Abstract: This paper suggests a novel LUO-type converter with a high gain voltage for use with

renewable energy sources. The proposed model is constructed by fusing a conventional LUO DC-

DC converter with two distinct circuits. It is intended to use six passive components and five

diodes. The LUO DC-DC converter suggested here achieves a high voltage gain of seven times

the supplied voltage. Significant dc gain without excessive duty cycle permits the use of lower

voltage and RDs-on MOSFET switches, resulting in cost savings, non-pulsating input current,

ease of design and operation, single switch resulting in ease of transistor driving, and line-load

common ground. Additionally, the low-voltage stress across the diode enables the use of Schottky

rectifiers to reduce the reverse recovery current, resulting in increased conduction and switching

losses reduction. The voltage and current equations are retrieved for "continuous conduction

mode (CCM)" and "discontinuous conduction mode (DCM)". Additionally, voltage and current

stresses are computed on the components and switch. Finally, the suggested converter's

performance is confirmed by simulation and experimental findings that corroborate the

theoretical computation.

Keywords: LUO; high static gain; low voltage stress; single switch; proposed converter; DC-DC

converter.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Performance Characteristics of Some Rubber Recipes Reinforced

with Scrap Fibers and Crumb Rubber

Rana Ahmed Mahdi a)

and Nabel Kadum Abd-Ali b )

College of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Dep., University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Dewaniyah, Iraq

a )


[email protected]

Abstract: The world is exposed to serious environmental problems as a result of the rapid

development of modern technology, which is the increasing rate of tire consumption, the

difficulty of its biological decomposition and its accumulation that causes serious fires and the

emission of toxic gases harmful to nature and living organisms, The tires act as a basin to collect

water, which forms hotbeds for the growth of bacteria and parasites. Therefore, the study focused

on finding solutions for how to benefit from and recycle used tires. The (wasted fibers, and

crumbed rubber) resulting from recycling were mixed with the composite materials in Al-

Diwaniyah Tires Factory, and the mechanical properties (tensile strength, scorch time, cure time,

and resilience) were studied in the Babylon Tires Factory. The results were compared with the

standard recipe and it was noted that the addition of (fiber scrap, and rubber crumb) at certain

percentages (3,5,10) and (3,5) % respectively gave high-performance properties compared to the

standard recipe in the majority of the tests that were made. The study showed the economic and

environmental benefits of recycling scrap tires and the possibility of exploiting them in many

engineering applications as a successful path toward sustainable environmental development.

Keywords: Sustainable development, vehicle tires, waste recycling, tensile testing, scrap fibers,

crumb rubber.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Archimedes Optimization Algorithm Based Extremum Seeking

Control Maximum Power Point Tracking for Enhancing

Performance and Efficiency of Photovoltaic Systems

Hamid A. Abed Hannon1,a)

, Ahmad T. Abdulsadda2, b)

,and Haider K. Latif 1,c)

1Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical College of Al-Mussaib, Babylon, Iraq

2Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al Najaf Technical Engineering College, Najaf, Iraq


b)[email protected]

c)[email protected]

Abstract. Slow reaction owing to fixed-step change, high ripple, and increased oscillation due to

swings around maximum power point are the main drawbacks of conventional Maximum Power

Point Tracking (MPPT). This study proposes a hybrid MPPT control to address these concerns .In

this study we used the Extremum Seeking Control(ESC) based on a metaheuristic Archimedes

Optimization Algorithm (AOA) to achieve MPPT in PV panels under non-uniform conditions.

Two parameters of the extremum-seeking control is tuned using the Archimedes optimization

algorithm. The proposed system parameters is examined by simulation using

MATLAB/Simulink. According to the simulation results, the proposed MPPT effectively

achieves the MPP under any non-uniform situation with less overshoot, oscillation and ripple

compared to traditional MPPT. The suggested MPPT has an efficiency of up to 99.65%.

Keywords. hybrid MPPT; AOA-ESC MPPT; Archimedes optimization algorithm; Luo DC-DC

converter; PV system.




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)




Gorilla Troops Optimization-Based MPPT for Augmented

Performance of Photovoltaic Systems

Nawras Mohamed1, a)

, Hadi Athab Hamed2, b)

1 Department of Electrical Power Engineering Techniques, Researchers from Al-Mussaib Technical college, Al-

Furat Al-Awsat Technical University,51009 Babylon, Iraq. 2Department of Electrical Power Engineering Techniques, Researchers from Al-Mussaib Technical college, Al-

Furat Al-Awsat Technical University,51009 Babylon, Iraq. a)


[email protected]

Abstract. Gorilla Troops Optimization (GTO) technique and Fractional Order Proportional-

Integral-Derivative (FOPID) controller are used in this paper to increase the performance of the

photovoltaic system under critical disturbances and shading situations. If solar irradiation is

uniform, conventional MPPT techniques have been used to monitor the maximum power point

(MPP). They have failed to track the true MPP within dynamic climatic conditions. As a result,

the disadvantage of traditional MPPT methods such as incremental conductance (INC) and

perturb and observe (P&O) are higher oscillation and ripple due to fixed small step size. In this

article, the GTO is used to adjust the parameters of the FOPID to quickly achieve the maximum

power point (MPP)with no overshoot and oscillation and eliminate the drawbacks of

conventional MPPT methods. To simulate LR5-72HPH-535M PV modules,

MATLAB/Simulink(R2021a) was used. The performance of the proposed FGTO controller is

compared to that of the single structure (PID)controller based on GTO and other techniques,

such as P&O and the IC, the performance of these methods is tested for different test signals

(square, sine, linear, and STC) as irradiance and temperature. In all cases the output obtained

using the FGTO controller tracks the input signal faster than the other methods. The simulation

results and analysis show that the GTO-based fractional MPPT has a strong ability to achieve

good results, rapid convergence, and system stability under various climatic conditions. The

efficiency of the proposed MPPT was up to 99.42%.

Keywords. New MPPT, IC Algorithm, PV System, Gorilla Troops Optimization (GTO),

FOPID.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)

Sixth Topic| | Environmental Sustainability


Recycling and its Role in Reducing Costs and Achieving

Sustainability

Khaleel Radhi Hasan Alzlzly a)

Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical Institute of Samawa, Iraq


Abstract. Although the recycling of industrial waste leads to achieving sustainable development of reducing the use of

materials from nature, also ridding the environment of harmful waste, the controversy still exists regarding the

economics of this process. After the first and second world wars, the idea of recycling began, where countries were

suffering from a severe shortage of some basic materials. This encouraged her to recycle the waste and use it again. As

a result of the increased consumption of resources, it is necessary to find alternatives characterized by quality, as well

as being of lower cost and achieving sustainability. So, the following questions will be discussed to reduce costs and

achieve sustainability, Does the waste recycling process achieve cost reduction? Does the waste recycling process

achieve environmental improvement through cleaner production and sustainability? Among the most important of these

alternatives are reused of waste and how to reduce the cost of recycling and benefit from it in achieve environmental

efficiency for products. The waste recycling process achieves a reduction in production costs, the process of waste

recycling achieves environmental improvement and sustainability. As waste is characterized as inexhaustible because a

person cannot stop consuming. The research aims to achieve reducing the cost of waste recycling in industrial

companies and achieving sustainability for the purpose of achieving environmental efficiency for industrial products as

a result of technological change and the use of waste recycling by reducing production costs as well as using statistical

analysis through questionnaires distributed to specialists in universities, laboratories and Environmental department to

reach results that can be benefited from environmental improvement by reducing the cost of recycling waste as an

economic resource and achieving cleaner production to produce environmentally friendly products. The results of the

research were analyzed using the (SPSS) statistical program, where the results of the research indicated a cost reduction

and thus achieving sustainability by preserving the environment as a result of producing environmentally friendly

products. The most important recommendations were to recycle waste as an alternative energy, as it contributes to

improving the environmental efficiency of products, reducing costs, achieving cleaner production and environmental

improvement. It also contributes to the process of disposing of toxic waste in a healthy manner at a lower cost and

achieving economic returns, as well as helping to provide job opportunities and reduce the unemployment rate.

Keywords. Recycling, Cost Reduction, and Sustainable Development.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Effect of Cylinder Head Temperature on Performance and

Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Operating on

Different Fuels

Oras Khudhayer Obayes1,a)

, Mohanad Aldhaidhawi 2,b)

,and Muneer Najee2,c)

1Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Technical Institute of Babylon, Iraq

2Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Technical Institute of Kufa, Iraq

a)



[email protected]

Abstract. A numerical study was created and developed to evaluate the engine performance, combustion

characteristics and exhaust gas emissions of a spark-ignition engine by using gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

and ethanol fuels at different cylinder head temperature (150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 °C) at engine speed 2500 rpm

(revolution per mint) and constant engine load. Four-cylinder four-stroke, water cooling system spark ignition engine

was used in this study. The results were collected and appear that the brake power and effective torque were decreased

when the cylinder head temperature increased, whereas there is no noted alteration in brake specific fuel consumption

for all tested fuels. The peak fire pressure reductions while the peak fire temperature slightly growths when transfer

from low to higher cylinder head temperatures. LPG and ethanol produced lower brake power and effective power

compared to that of gasoline fuel with about 4.62 % and 31.57 respectively lower than gasoline fuel. The carbon

monoxide CO and oxide nitrogen NOx emissions were increased, while the unburned hydrocarbon emission

dramatically decreases when the cylinder head temperature increases. LPG and ethanol emitted lower exhaust gas

emissions than that of gasoline fuel at all operating situation with about 27% and 64% lower of unburned hydrocarbon

than gasoline fuel.

Keywords: Engine Performance, Emissions, Alternative Fuels, Si Engine.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Studying of Caspase 3 Gene Expression and its

Relationships with Reproductive Season and the Follicles

Size in the Ovaries of Iraqi Local Sheep

Zahra Qasim Mohamed a), Muthana Sabah Azawi

b), and Alaa Abbas Fadhel

c)

Al- Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical College of Al-Musaib, Department of Animal Production

Techniques, Babylon City, Almusaib, P.O. Box 00964, Iraq



c) Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract. This study was conducted at technical college of Mussaib / Department of Technical Animal production in

cooperation with Jessar Al-Mussaib Company for Biological Studies which located in Baghdad / Karrada Dakhla for

studying and investigating caspase3 gene expression and its relationship with follicles in the ovaries of Iraqi local

sheep. For this enquiry, (47) female reproductive genital were collected from Karbala and Babylon butchery for two

seasons: the reproductive season including October and November months of 2020, while out of reproductive season

including the months of June and July of 2021. Follicle’s size was measured, and a biopsy of tissue was taken from the

surface of the ovary to investigate caspase3 gene expression. The obtained results indicated that there are no significant

differences between out and during the reproductive season for the caspase 3 gene expression, however for relative

expression of the caspase 3 gene, the results exhibited decreasing during reproductive season (0.939) in comparison

with the expression of the gene out of the season, in conclusion, caspase 3 decrease during reproductive season while it

increase during out of reproductive season.

Keywords: Caspase 3, gene expression, follicles, apoptosis




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Determining the Level of Radon Gas in the Classrooms of

Diyala Governorate Schools

Mothana Jassema) and Sameera Ahmed

b)

Department of Physics, College of Education Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq



Abstract. In this research, radon gas concentration was measured for a number of schools located in Diyala

Governorate, Iraq, using the CR-39 detector, which is from Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs). In a

number of classrooms, the detector was set at a distance of 160 cm from the earth's surface, for a period of time, these

detectors were exposed (30 days). Where the results showed that the concentration of radon gas ranged from the

lowest value which is equal to(8.528)Bq/m3 for the sample (D5) in (Alshumue) school to the greatest value, which

was (50.395)Bq/m3 for the sample (A4) that was in (Alandalusia) school. , where the average radon gas concentration

was equal to (25.257)Bq/m3, and the lung cancer cases per year per 106 person (CPPP) was also calculated, Where

the results ranged from (3.873 to 22.885), with a rate equal to (11.470). After comparing the results obtained with the

global results, it was found that they are much less than the permissible limits, which were recorded through ICPR

(200-300) Bq/m3.

Keyword: radon concentration, CR-39 detector, effective dose, Diyala.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)

Sixth Topic| Environmental Sustainability


Study the Mechanical Characteristics of Polymer Matrix

Reinforced with Metallic Waste

Farah S. Ali a)

, Awham M. Hameed ,and Rana M. Salih

Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Iraq


Abstract. This study involves the preparation of polymer matrix composite by the hand lay-up process, using

unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) as a matrix and waste aluminum flakes as reinforcement material in different weight

fractions (0, 10, 30, 40 and 50%) wt. of aluminum. All samples were subjected to bending, tensile, hardness tests and

the scanning electron microscope (SEM) of fractured samples surface was also conducted. It was found that 10% wt. is

the best reinforcement ratio in tensile, hardness and Young's modulus tests, and (SEM) shows there is a good

distribution at 10 % of Al flakes inside the matrix, and the polyester covers the fillers completely which denotes a good

interstitial adhesion between them.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Relationship of Some Metabolic Components in Follicular

Fluid with Follicular Size and Oocyte Diameter in Local

Ewes Ovaries (Ovis Aries)

Ahmed A. Al-Sanjari a)

, Hashim M. Al.Rubaei b)

, and Alaa Abbas Fadhel c)

Al- Mussaib Technical College , Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical Animal Production

Department, Iraq

a) Corresponding author : [email protected]



Abstract. This study aimed to determine the relationship of some metabolic constituents in follicular fluid (FF) with

follicular size (FZ) and oocyte diameter (OD) in local ewes ovaries (Ovis aries), from September 2021 to February 2022

in the Laboratories of Animal Production Department, Al-Musaib Technical College. Two hundred non-pregnant genital

organs of local ewes were collected from abattoirs of Babylon province and carried to the laboratory within two hours.

The ovaries (n = 400) were removed and follicles were counted and their FZ were measured, and classified into three-

categories conferring to their size, small:( < 3 mm), medium: (3-5 mm), and Large :( > 5 mm) follicles. The FF were

aspirated from all follicles for the purpose of collecting oocytes, counting them and measuring their diameters.

Metabolic FF components like glucose, total cholesterol, total protein and triglycerides were measured. The results of

the current study showed that a significant increasing (p< 0.05) in the average level of glucose and total cholesterol,

while there was a significant decreasing (p < 0.05) in the average level of total protein and triglycerides with an increase

of FZ . Moreover, a significant increase in the diameter of the oocyte was observed with an increased in the FZ. The

outcomes of the study also exhibited that direct and positive, and highly significant (p < 0.01) correlation coefficient was

observed between glucose and total cholesterol with FZ and OD, whereas the correlation was negative, inverse and

significant (p< 0.05) between total protein and triglycerides with FS and OD. We conclude that the OD increase with the

increased of FZ, and the metabolic of FF components in ascending or descending as the FZ changes.

Keywords. Ovary, Follicle, Follicular Fluid, Oocyte, Local Ewes.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



The Application of a Single Slope Solar Still in a Refinery

Wastewater Treatment: An Experimental Study

Ahmed Al-Manea1,a)

, Idrees Hammoody1, Salwan Fadhel

2, Ali Najah Al-

Shamani1; Ahmed Ghanim Wadday

1 , Raid A. Mahmood

3, and Haider Twfiq

2

1Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, , Najaf, Iraq

2Engineering college, Al-Muthanna University, Samawa, Iraq

3School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Australia


Abstract. An alternative resource for energy and water has become essential to ensure long-

term sustainability. Industrial wastewater is one of the main environmental challenges which

could affect one's life, due to its related pollution. Using solar distillation systems could be the

key solution to treating industrial wastewater. In this work, an experimental apparatus was

fabricated and tested according to Al-Samawa city climate conditions, to treat the oily-waste

water from a refinery. Two different sources of raw wastewater samples with different physical

and chemical characteristics were used. Five different runs were performed on different days in

November at a sunshine time between (10 AM – 2 PM). The results of the condensate water

showed that TDS was reduced by 94 %, conductivity reduced by 95 % and PH increased from

an average value of 6.4 to 7.4.

Keywords. Solar radiation; solar still; oily wastewater.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Properties of Concrete Containing Municipal Sludge of

Wastewater Treatment Plant

Huda Zuhair 1, a)

, Huda M. Salman 2, b)

and Ethar A. Muslim 3, c)

1 Technical Institute of Babylon, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Babylon, Iraq

2 Al-Muthanna University - college of engineering, Al-Muthanna, Iraq

3 Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq

a)



[email protected]

Abstract. Sludge generation continues to rise as the population grows. Dry sludge is typically piled up on a landfill,

causing contamination in the environment. As a result, research into alternate uses for dry sludge is critical. The

properties of concrete mixtures including various percentages of dry sludge from Baghdad's Al-Rustamiah wastewater

treatment plant, as well as their impact on compressive strength, were investigated. For samples preparation, a water to

cement ratio (w/c) of 0.67 and 0.8 was used. The results indicated a significant decrease in concrete compressive

strength as sludge replacement increased. A comparison of the concrete containing sludge to the control mix revealed

that dry wastewater sludge could be used as a partial sand replacement in concrete mixtures with a W/C of 0.67 and an

optimal ratio of less than 3%. Dry wastewater sludge concrete can be utilized to manufacture bricks where high

strength is not required.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Thermal Analysis for Concrete Incorporated with Different

Nano, Micro and Recycled Materials

Zahraa Fakhri Jawad1 and Malik N. Hawas

2

1.2 Al Furat Al Awsat Technical University

[email protected]

[email protected]

Abstract. This research aims to investigate the impact of employing various types of materials as partial cement

replacements on the characteristics of high-strength concrete. As cement replacements, Nano SiO2, Nano CaCO3, micro

SiO2, micro CaCO3, recycled silica gel (beads and powder), and limestone were employed, as well as binary

combinations of (Nano SiO2 + Nano CaCO3), (micro CaCO3 + micro SiO2), and (recycled silica gel powder +

limestone). In addition to the control mix, ten sets of concrete mixes were created with progressive cement

replacement. Thermal analysis (TG-Thermogravimetric) and (DTG-Derivative Thermogravimetry) were employed to

determine the CH content of each concrete group. The nano-silica mix had the lowest calcium hydroxide (CH) content,

followed by the binary nano mix and crushed silica gel mix. In contrast, the other mixes had approximate values. Still,

they were all less than the control mix, indicating that larger amounts of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel formed

after replacement, which has primarily contributed to improving the strength and durability of concrete.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Topography Study of Uruk Monuments Using Remote

Sensing Techniques

Kasim Abed Abass 1, a)

, Kasim Jubeir Salman2, b)

and Mustafa Shakir Farman 3, c)

1 Southern Technical University, Department of Surveying, Thy Qar, Iraq,

2 AL-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Department of Surveying, Samawah, Iraq, 3Technical Institute of Samawah, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq

a)



[email protected]

Abstract. In this research, the use of remote sensing techniques and geographic information systems was relied upon to

study the topography of the ruins of Uruk, which is located east of the city of Samawah, 60 km from the centre of this

city, to draw topographical maps, regression maps, directions and stereoscopic contour maps of the area and compare

the results with the process of providing this information using The work of the traditional field survey, and it was

found through this research that the means of modern technologies represented in the use of (GIS), (ERDAS) and

(Global Mapper) programs to study archaeological sites give realistic and accurate results. The limited area is between

(5 - 15), while the shadow areas are limited between (70 - 180), which is a medium shadow area, while the flat area

constitutes 20%. The high areas constitute 50%, and the concave areas constitute 30%, which is shown along the

longitudinal section of the study area, and the highest height in the region was (12 m) and the lowest height was (8m).

Keywords: Uruk Monuments, Topographic Maps , GIS , ERDAS ,Remote Sensing.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Studying the Best Performance of the CPU Thermal

Conductivity Chemical Material with the Lowest Possible

Deformation

Hasan Shakir Majdi1, Laith Jaafer Habeeb

2, and Azher M. Abed

3,a)

1 Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hillah,

Babil, Iraq 2 Training and Workshop Center, University of Technology, 10001 Baghdad, Iraq

3 Department of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering, Al-Mustaqbal University College,

51001 Hillah, Babil, Iraq

a)


Abstract. Thermal managing is necessary for electronics products. The study of the computational fluid dynamics of

the heat sink for thermal management is explained. This article focuses on the numerical investigation of temperature

distribution (thermal steady-state) and static structural in central processing units (CPU) case with different types of

the chemical material which is fix processor to fins. Three forms (cross, dot, and fully) of various materials have been

studied. The materials tested in this work are (TG-S808 Thermal grease, TG-N909 Non-silicone, S606B thermal

grease, and S606C thermal grease). The thermal and structural analyses are applied with a commercial package

providing via ANSYS Fluent. The results show S606B material and dot form are the best choices to produce quick

heat transfer and less deformation and stress of the fins. The difference of temperature distribution in the case of

steady state thermal at dot form is better than the two others (cross and fully). The temperature at the cross form and

S606B dropped from 71.427 to 67.858 degrees Celsius. At the same shape and time interval, material S606B

exhibited the least deformation matching to the other materials. Using N909 material in dot form for 1 hour of PC

operation results in less deformation than using the same material in full and cross form. S606B has been

demonstrated to be the best material for reducing stress in all kinds.

Keywords. interaction, heat transfer augmentation, CPU fix material, heat sink fins, optimum fix.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Response the Productive Performance and Economic Cost

of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Feed Restriction Regimes

with Feed Additives

Amjed Mohsin Muhi a)

and Karrar Imad Abdulsahib Al-Shammari b)

Department of Animal Production Techniques, Technical College of Al-Musaib, Al- Furat Al-Awsat Technical

University, Babylon City, Almusaib, P.O. Box 00964, Iraq.

a)



Abstract. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two feed restriction methods with or without powders

of peppermint leaves (PL) and organic zinc (OZ) added to diet from 2 to 3 weeks of age followed by compensatory

growth stage from 4 to 5 weeks of age on growth performance and economic cost of broilers rearing. The research was

included 420 broiler chicks Ross 308 distributed randomly into 7 groups (n=60 chicks per group) with 3 replications

each. 1st group (control) was ad libitum feeding (G1), 2nd (G2), 3rd (G3) and 4th (G4) groups were quantitative feed

restriction (40%) of control without any dietary additives, or with 1% PL or 50 mg OZ / kg of diet, respectively,

whereas 5th (G5), 6th (G6) and 7th (G7) groups were temporal feed restriction (12 hours/day) only or with 1% PL or 50

mg OZ/ kg of diet, respectively. The obtained results revealed there was significant low (p>0.01) in feed intake for all

feed restricted groups at 2-3 weeks and for G2, G3 and G4 at 1-5 weeks compared to G1. Similar final body weights to

G1 were achieved by G3,G4,G5 and G7 whereas G2, G4, G6 and G7 had similar body weight gain to G1 at 1-5 weeks.

It was there an improvement (p>0.01) in feed conversion ratio for all groups at 2-3 weeks and for G2, G3, G4 and G6 at

1-5 weeks compared to G1. Low (p>0.05) total mortality was registered for G3, G5, G6 and G7. High (p>0.01) protein

or energy efficiency ratios was in favor of G2, G3, G4 and G7 at 2-3 weeks and an increase (p>0.05) for G3 and G4 at

1-5 weeks compared to G1. High values (p>0.05) of production efficiency factor for all groups except for G5 compared

to G1. In comparison to G1, there was high (p>0.01) carcass yield without giblets for G2, G4 and G6 and high

(p>0.01) carcass yield with giblets for G3 only. All feed restricted groups reduced the total expenses cost with increase

in net revenue and economic efficiency of project. In conclusion, it was improved performance and lowering in

economic cost of birds rearing exposed to feed restriction especially in groups potentiated by added PL and OZ in diet

therefore, we recommend to follow these regimes in poultry nutrition protocols to support the sustainable development

perspectives in poultry industry sector as one of the important agricultural part of a global food system.

Keywords: feed restriction, organic zinc, peppermint, broilers, production.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Oil Contamination in the Water and Sediments of Umm

Qasr and Khor Al-Zubair Areas Basrah, Iraq

Mudhaffar S. Al-Zuhairy a)

and Mohmad M. Al-Saeed b)

Al-Fuart Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq.



Abstract. The area of Um-Qasr and Khor Al-Zubair south of Basrah were studied for possible contamination by oil.

Seventeen water and sediments samples of different sites have been taken for the purpose of this study. these samples

were prepared, analyzed and examined for numbers of parameters such as temperature, PH, TSS, salinity, grain size,

and oil content. The extracted results show no serious pollution by oil at these areas.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Sustainable Use of Sub-Surface Drip Irrigation System for

Corn Growth and Productivity

Shathar. A. Alaamer 1, a)

, Salih K. Alwan Alsharifi 2, b)

and Ali H. Khalil3

1Department of Plant Production Techniques, Kufa Technical institute, University of Al- Furat Al-Awsat

Technical,Najaf, Iraq 2Department of Agricultural Machinery, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq

3Babylon Agriculture Directorate, Babylon, Iraq

a)


[email protected]

Abstract. The issue of water conservation and economy in its use in agricultural production is one of the most

important issues of sustainability at the present time especially with crops that need to consume large quantities of

water, such as corn.The impact of subsurface drip irrigation system (SDIS) on corn cultivars SYN-6 and R-106 was

observed based on some technical indicators, under three drip irrigation distances (DID) 22,24 and 26cm. The

experiments were conducted in a factorial experiment under complete randomized design with three replications. The

R-106 cultivar was significantly better than SYN-6 cultivar in all studied parameters. For drip irrigation distances

(DID) of 22cm the soil bulk density, total of soil porosity during growth season, root dry weight and root fresh weight,

PVI, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index were 1.29,1.31,1.33mg.m-3, 51.32,50.56,49.81%,20.33 cm ,0.93g

and 2.91 g, 55.19 cm, 7.22 t.ha-1, 5.46 t.ha-1,and 62.87%, respectively. The interaction among drip irrigation distances

(DID) of 22 cm and the corn cultivar (R-106) was the best in all parameters.

Keywords. Sustainable, corn, subsurface drip irrigation system (SDIS), drip irrigation distances (DID), cultivars (cu).

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



An Environmental Friend Produced CNT Polymer Matrix

Nano Composites Filler Applications

Baydaa Abdul-Hassan Khalaf 1, a),

Sabah Mohammed Milkat2, b)

and Maher

Hameed3

1Mechanical Department, Al Furat Al Awsat Technical University, Technical Institute of Samawa, Samawa,

Iraq 2Electrical Department, Al Furat Al Awsat Technical University, Technical Institute of Samawa, Samawa,

Iraq 3Mechanical Techniques Department, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Technical Institute of

Karbala, Iraq


b)

[email protected]

Abstract. Sunflower husk was burned in a tubular vacuum furnace at 1200 Co for 24 hr, then it was wet milled in ball

mill with alcoholic media for 12 hr. Carbon nano tube CNT was produced by a sustainable, environmentally friend

process and detected by SEM, with (20-25) nanometer scales, then it was used to strengthen silicon resin with (0.2, 0.4,

0.6, 0.8) weight percent. Morphology, tensile strength, hardness, and young modulus were thoroughly investigated. It

has been found that all the mechanical properties have been largely enhanced when nano bio-CNT exceed 0.2%.

Keywords. Sunflower husk, Nano Bio-filler, sustainable CNT production, pyrolysis process.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Evaluation of Water Quality and Efficiency to Treat Water

Pollution Problem in Two Types of Supply Water Distribution

System: Loop and, Tree in Iraq: By Using Water GEMS Software

Samaher jasim Mohammed

Tikrit University

[email protected]

Abstract. There are a lot of Iraqi cities in Iraq that used a tree supply water distribution system, it is also

an old supply water network, which produces poor water quality in this network. This paper has studied

water quality in two system loops and a tree net in two of Iraqi’s cities requires Water GEMS. This

document's goal is to review the effect of the major types of supply water distribution system on its

pollution and characteristic in Iraq. The results of the analysis of two water systems show the efficiency

of the loop distribution system of supply water networks compared to the tree distribution system ones

in preventing water pressure drop, preserving water type, and preventing pollution. Where the dead ends

in the tree network cause the deposition of pollutants, which increases the possibility of an increase in

organic pollutants, unlike the loop distribution system ones, which makes the water in constant

movement, which prevents the occurrence of pollution and gives water pressure stability.

These results are confirmed by laboratory tests for water in both cases loop and tree distribution systems

of supply water networks, in addition to QWI which showed that the loop system can maintain the

quality of water and reduce the causes of pollution through the absence of this system from dead ends

and the continuous movement of water. Although the water quality in the two networks was very poor

because the network is old and the treatment system is ineffective.

Keywords: drink water, supply water distribution, water quality index, WaterGEMS.

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Optical Limiting Characteristics of Organic Laser Dye

Sarah M. Khalil1,a)

, Afrah M. Al Hussainey2, Alhak A.Hassan

2,

Ban A. Naser 2,and Menaa J.Alwan

2

1Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

2Department of Physics, College of Science ,University of Babylon, Hill, Iraq.


Abstract.The non-linear optical characteristics of organic laser dyes (Acriflavine,Orcein, and

Azur-B) dissolved in Ethanol solvent with concentration (10-5

M) were investigated in this

study. The UV-VIS spectrophotometer measures the spectra' linear optical characteristics. It

was determined the nonlinear optical characteristics by using the Z-Scan method, which

represents a very sensitive approach for obtaining two essential optical phenomena: nonlinear

refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficient, in two different situations (close

aperture) and (open aperture). The results indicate (Acriflavine,Orcein, and Azur-B) is a

promising material to be used in photonic and nonlinear optical devices.An optical power

limiter uses this promising medium for a range of optoelectronic applications.

Keywords. Acriflavine Organic Dye, Z-Scan method, Non-linear optical characteristics.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Effect of Draught on Capsaicin in Pepper Callus In Vitro

Omar H. Obaid1, a)

and Mohammed Mehdi Muhsen Almasoody b)

1AL-FuratAL-Awsat Technical University, AL-Musiab Technical College

a)


[email protected]

Abstract. The current study was conducted with aim of knowing the effect of drought stress on

the capsaicin content of callus pepper in three cultivars of hot pepper (Serrano, silinghaba and

malagueta) of hot pepper (Capsicum annum L. syn. chilli) invitro. Callus was produced from

seeds of pepper cultivated on MS medium with different concentrations of NAA (0, 0.5, 1.0,

1.5& 2.0) mgL-1

and different concentrations of BA (0.0, 0.3, 0.6& 0.9) mgL-1 in the induction

step, then callus propagated at same concentrations, after that produced callus was exposed to

different concentrations of Polyethylene glycol (0.0, 1, 2& 3) % to find out the effect of drought

stress on the callus content of capsaicin. Results showed that the highest level of produced callus

was at concentration (1.5, 0.6) mgL-1

of (NAA, BA) respectively in the three varieties they were

(199.8, 159.3, 231.5) mg (Serrano, malagueta and silinghaba) respectively, while no results were

given in the low treatments. The results did not different from multiplication stage, best

combination to callus production were (1.5, 0.6)mgL-1of (NAA, BA)respectively, it reached

(387.2, 454.2, 522.3)mg in the cultivars(Serrano, malagueta and silinghaba) respectively, highest

capsaicin were at 3% PEG which were (1870, 8500, 3900) SHU but it did not differ significantly

of 2% PEG at three varieties(Serrano, malagueta and silinghaba) respectively.

Keywords. PEG, capsaicin, pepper and in vitro

1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



A field survey of store pests that infect dates in some orchards and

warehouses in Babylon Governorate

Taif Salah Abdel Sahib 1, a

and Hadi Abdel-Jalil Naas 1, b

1,2 Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University / Al-Musayyib Technical College

a) Corresponding Author: [email protected]


Abstract. The study was carried out in a number of palm orchards and warehouses belonging to some

districts and sub-districts in Babil Governorate for the period from (August 4, 2021 until the end of the

year) and included a field and warehouse survey to find out the types of pests that infect palms that are

present in the orchards and warehouses associated with dates stored in Babylon and for nine areas (Al-

Mashra, Jibla, Al-Mahaweel, Al-Imam District, Al-Nile, Al-Hilla Center, Al-Kifl, Al-Qasim, Al-

Musayyab). Samples were collected weekly, using manual collection method, light traps, and oral

suction trap. The results resulted in the collection of three species, and the rates of infestation for each

type were clarified, as insects were collected from orchards before, during and after harvesting, as well

as from stores.

Through the survey that was conducted in the date orchards in the research areas in Babylon, it was

found that the date moth Ephestia cautella had the highest presence and the most presence in the areas

(Al-Kifl, Al-Qasim, Al-Musayyab, Al-Mashra) with infection rates of (78,78, 75.75)%, respectively.

The rest of the regions recorded an average presence of the pest. A weak presence of the insect was also

observed in some areas. Also, a moderate and weak presence of Oryzaephilus surinamenisis was

observed in most of the research areas, and a weak presence was recorded in the two areas (Nile, AL-

Hilla Center ), while the remaining pests, Ephestia calidella, Ephestia elutella and Ephestia kuehniella

were weakly recorded and not recorded in some stores. The greatest damage was observed for E.cautella

and O.surinamenisis, and a slight effect was recorded for the other insects.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Effect Different Concentrations of Growth Regulators on Callus

Induction from Different Explants of Aloe Vera L. in Vitro.

Hawraa S. Jader a) and Omar H. Obaid

b)

Al-Mussaib Technical College, AL-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Babylon, Iraq.

a)

Correspondin author: [email protected]

b)[email protected]

Abstract . The experiments were carried out in the plant tissue culture lab. of the Plant

Production Department - Musaib Technical College –Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University

from (1-1- 2021to 1-2-2022) in order to study the effect of growth regulators BA with

concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.50 ,0.75 ,1.0) mg.L-1

combination with NAA in concentrations (2.0,

1.5, 1.0, 0.5, 0, ) mg.l-1

to induction of fresh callus from explants (roots, shoot top, leaf top,

middle region and base leaf) taken from the aloe vera plant L., and the results showed the

following:The shoot gave the highest average weight of callus, which was 144.14 (mg), which

was significantly superior to the leaf blade, which gave the lowest rate, which reached 60.68, and

that the concentrations of BA had an important effect in increasing the average of fresh weight of

callus, where the concentration exceeded 0.75 (mg.L-1) which it reached 117.15 (mg), but

without significant differences from the rest of the concentrations, than noted from the same table

that the use of the NAA growth regulator had increasing a significant effect on the fresh weight of

callus, as the concentration of 1.5 (mg.L-1

) exceeded the rest of the concentrations by giving it the

highest rate of callus weight of 176.1 (mg). The table also showed the superiority of the growing

peak at concentration 0.75 (mg.L-1

) of BA, which amounted to 184.2 (mg) and it did not differ

significantly from the rest of the concentrations except in the comparison treatment. There is a

significant superiority for the growing peak with a concentration (1.5 mg.L-1

) of NAA, which

amounted to 282.8 (mg). Interaction between the growth regulators BA and NAA in increasing

the fresh weight of the callus, as the combination consisting of BA at 0.75 (mg.L-1

) + NAA at a

concentration of 1.5 (mg.L-1

) gave the highest rate of 224.75 mg. Also, the interaction was

between the plant parts and between different concentrations of BA + NAA callus fresh weight

increasing, where grow consisting of the combination 1.5 NAA + 0.75 BA (mg.L-1

) gave the

highest rate of 352 (mg) and did not differ significantly from the rest of the concentrations, except

in the comparison treatment.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Comparison Between Some Hormonal and Metabolic Profiles in

Follicular Fluid and Serum of Iraqi Camels (Camelus

Dromedaries) in Breeding Season

Hashim M. Al-Rubaei 1, a)

, Ali J. AL-Nuaimi 2, b)

and Maher A. Al. Mamory 3, c)

1Technical Animal Production Dep. Al – Musaib Technical College, Al- Furat Al- Awast Technical University,

Babylon, Iraq. 2 College of veterinary Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala , Iraq

3 Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq


b)

[email protected]


Abstract. The present study was designed to investigate some hormonal and metabolites profiles of

follicular fluid (FF) and blood sera (BS) of Iraqi camels during breeding season. 120 Ovaries were gathered

from 60 adults (non-pregnant) dromedary camels that were slaughtered in the butchery of Al-Najaf

governorate for the period from October 2020 to march 2021 (the breeding season). Ovarian and venous

blood samples were collected before slaughter and were taken to the laboratory within two hours. The

blood samples was separated and FF was aspirated from all follicles size, and both were stored at -20°C for

farther analyzed include hormonal and metabolite components. The obtained results exhibited a significant

increased (p<0.05) in the average level of estradiol and progesterone hormones in the large follicles (LF)

compared with the medium follicles (MF) and small follicles (SF) , while the average level of estradiol in

the BS was higher than the FF, and conversely, the progesterone hormone in the BS was significantly lower

(p<0.05) than the FF. A significantly higher (p<0.05) in the average concentration of glucose and total

cholesterol of FF in (LF) compared to than in MF and SF, while the average concentration of total protein

in SF was significantly higher (p<0.05) than MF and LF. The average concentration of glucose, total

protein and total cholesterol in BS were significantly higher (p<0.05) than the FF. In conclusion , the FF

contains hormonal and metabolic components whose levels vary in BS and FF with change in follicular

size. This is reflected on nutrition, growth and development of follicle and oocyte, and the low and high in

levels of these component’s in BS is related to their levels of these components in BS is related to their

levels in FF and vice versa. Therefore, the levels of these components in BS can be modified and thus can

affect the improvement of quality of follicle and oocyte.

Keywords: Camels, follicular fluid, blood serum, hormone, metabolite




1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Study of the Relationship Between Follicle Size and Some

Hormonal and Ionic Components of Ovarian Follicular Fluid with

Oocyte Development in Local Goats

(Capra Hircus) Hashim M. Al-Rubaei

a) and Marwa M. Radhi

b)

Technical Animal Production Dep., Al–Musaib Technical College, Al-Furat Al- Awast Technical University,

Babylon Iraq a)


[email protected]

Abstract. The research was intended for studying the association between follicular size and some

hormonal and ionic compounds follicular fluid with oocyte development in the ovaries of local goats

(Capra hircus), for the period from September 2020 to March 2021 in the department of Animal

Production techniques at Al-Musaib Technical College. 150 genital organs were gathered from adult and

non –pregnant female goats (does), which were slaughtered in the Babylon province abattoirs, and

transferred to the laboratory within two hours. The ovaries were removed and the follicles were counted

and their size measured and divided into three groups according to these measurement, small with a

diameter of less than 3mm(< 3 mm), medium with a diameter of 3-5mm , and large with a diameter greater

than 5mm(> 5 mm) follicles. The follicular fluid was aspirated for the purpose of retrieval and examination

of oocytes and analysis of its compounds. Oocytes diameters were measured. the results showed a highly

significant (p<0.01) increased in the average level of estradiol hormone and calcium and sodium ions

concentrations with an increasing in the size of follicular, while the average level of follicle stimulating

hormone (FSH) and potassium ions concentrations highly significantly (p<0.01) decreased with the

increased in follicular size. A highly significantly (p<0.01) increased in average diameter of the oocyte was

observed with the increased in follicular size. The results also showed a positive, direct and highly

significant (p<0.01) correlation coefficient between estradiol hormone, sodium and calcium ions with

follicle size and oocyte diameter, while a negative, inverse and highly significant (p<0.01) decreased

correlation coefficient between FSH and potassium ions with follicle size and oocyte diameter. We

conclude from this research that the hormonal and ionic compounds of the follicular fluid change

increasing or decreasing with the change of follicular size, and the diameter of the oocyte increased with

enlargement of the follicular size.

Keywords: ovary, follicle, follicular fluid, oocyte, local goats



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Influence of Constructing Transverse Concrete Diaphragms in

Different Distances on the Dynamic and Static Behavior of

Prestressed Concrete T-Beam Bridge Structure Hussein Abad Gazi Jaaz

1,a), Noor Mukdam Diwood

2, Ali Fadhil Naser

3, and

Marwa Foad Manher4

1Quality Assurance and University Performance Department, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa,

Iraq 2Computer Engineering Department, Al-Farabi University College, Baghdad, Iraq

3Building and Construction Engineering Department, Al-Mussaib Technical College, Al-Furat Al-Awsat

Technical University, Babylon, Iraq 4 Najaf Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq

a) Corresponding Author: [email protected]

Abstract. Structure of diaphragm was defined as a transverse strengthener beam which was

located between beams or girders to keep section geometry. It plays a significant role to provide

the stability of bridge girders and to distribute the vertical and axial loads. The main objective

of this study was to investigate the influence of construction transverse concrete diaphragms

between T-beams at different distances on the dynamic and static behavior of T-beam bridge

structure. The methodology of this research includes five case studies. The first case had no

transverse diaphragms, the second case had transverse diaphragms at the supports of the bridge

(abutment and piers), the third case had transverse diaphragms at the center of each span of the

bridge, the fourth case had transverse diaphragms at 1/4 of each span of the bridge, and the fifth

case had transverse diaphragms at 3 m of each span of the bridge. Three analysis methods were

used to determine the dynamic responses by using finite element analysis method in CSI-Bridge

ver. 20. These methods included modal analysis, time history analysis, and spectra responses

analysis. Dynamic responses consisted of unloaded frequency, loaded frequency, and dynamic

displacement. Static analysis was done to find static responses such as bending moment and

vertical deflection. The results of dynamic analysis shown that the using of concrete diaphragms

has not important effect on the improvement of unloaded frequency (natural frequency) in

vertical and horizontal directions, but they had an important effect on the reducing of loaded

frequency (vibration frequency) in vertical and horizontal direction and dynamic displacement.

For static state, the construction of concrete diaphragms causes to increase bending moment and

downward vertical deflection because of these cross diaphragms lead to increase in the dead

load (self-weight of structure), resulting the increasing in the static responses due to service

loads (dead load, prestressed load, and trucks load). Therefore, there is need to increase the

prestressed load to resist the over load due to the construction of transverse diaphragms.

Keywords. Dynamic, static, T-beam Bridge, transverse diaphragms, frequency, displacement.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Pedogonic Distribution of Available P and K Euphrates River

Sediments

Sugood Al-Tamimii1,a

, Hameed Al-Musawi2,b

and Ahmed Al-janabi3,c

1,2,3Researchers in Al-Mussaib Technical college, AL-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University ,Iraq.

a)



[email protected]

Abstract. A field study was carried out in the year 2021 to find out the pedogenic distribution of

some metals in the soil extending from the left of the Euphrates River to the Great Mussiab project,

which represents the sediments of the Euphrates River, within the coordinates of longitude (44°.19

and 44°.48 east) and latitudes (32°.35 and 32°.48 north), Thirty sites were selected covering the

surface layer of the study area and revealed the locations as auger hole for a depth of 0-30 cm. The

soil particles and some properties were analyzed, as well as the estimation of the available elements

of Phosphorus and Potassium . The results indicated that all sites were characterized by the

predominance of sand particle in the nearby sites of river and the dominance of the clay particle in

the locations far from the river with the heterogeneous distribution of calcium carbonate and the

degree of soil pH, while the organic matter was positively correlated with the clay

particle.Thepedogenic distribution of available P and K correlated positively with organic matter and

clay particle and negatively with CaCO3 and pH.

Keywords : Pedogenic distribution , available P , available K .


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Effect of (BA, 2,4-D) on Induction of Callus from Moringa

Oleifera L. in Vitro

Fatima A. ALhussein a) and Mohammed M. Almasoody

b)

Al-Mussaib Technical Collage, AL-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University ,Babylon, Iraq

. a)

Coressponding author: [email protected] b)

[email protected]

Abstract: The experiment was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory of the Plant

Production Department - Al-Mussaib Technical College - Al Furat Al Awsat University for the

period from (1-11-2021 to 1-2-2022). In order to study the effect of growth regulators BA at

concentrations (0-0.5-1-1.5-2) mg/L and in combination with 2,4-D at concentrations (0-0.5-1-

1.5-2) mg/L on the induction of callus resulting from plant parts (Apical Tips and new shoots)

taken from the Moringa oleifera L.) plant invitro.The results showed the following: The

sterilization experiment gave the highest results at a concentration of 40% of the chlorax

solution, the time was 10 minutes, and the percentage of contamination was 0%. The interaction

effect between auxin and cytokinin concentrations was significant in the effect on the dry

weight of callus, and treatment 5 of 2,4-D at a concentration of 2 mg/L treatment with BA at a

concentration of 0.5 mg/L was excelled and giving the highest dry weight of callus that was

0.11 mg/L. The lowest treatment is when the control treatment of 2,4-D x BA if it is 0.01 mg/L.

The effect of interaction between auxin and cytokinin concentrations was significant in the

effect on the fresh weight of callus, and the treatment of 4 mg/L of 2,4-D at a concentration of

1.5 mg/L in combination with BA at a concentration of 2 mg/L was excelled and giving the

highest fresh weight of callus that reached 1.45 mg /L and the lowest treatment is at the control

treatment 0 of 2,4-D × BA, where the concentration reached 1.04 mg/L.

Keywords. Moringa oleifera L. - callus - auxins - cytokinins.


1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Potential Influence of Dietary Synbiotic and Fenugreek Seed to

Improve the Productive Traits and Economic Cost in Stressed

Broiler Chickens

Ahmed Jebur Dakhil a) and Karrar Imad Abdulsahib Al-Shammari

b)

Department of Animal Production Techniques, Technical College of Al-Musaib, Al- Furat Al-Awsat Technical.

University, Babylon City, Almusaib, P.O. Box 00964, Iraq.

a)



Abstract. This study was conducted to evaluate the use powders of local synbiotic and

fenugreek seeds as antioxidants in the broiler diet against the experimentally stimulated stress

by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in drinking water and its influence on productive traits and

economic cost up to 5 weeks old. In total, 300 one-day-old chicks were used, chicks were

randomly distributed into five treatments, each treatment contained 60 chicks with 3

replicates/group. The treatments were divided into 1st treatment (T1) which involved the chicks

fed a diet without any additives as negative control whereas 2n treatment (T2) involved the

chicks which were subjected to stress by 1 ml (0.5%) of H2O2 per 1 L of drinking water as

positive control. In 3th, 4th and 5th treatments, the chicks were subjected to stress by H2O2 and

fed 0.5% of synbiotic (T3), 0.5% of fenugreek (T4) and mixture of 0.25% each of synbiotic and

fenugreek (T5), respectively. The results of the research indicated that T3, T4 and T5 caused a

significant increase (P<0.05) in the mean body weight, cumulative weight gain and relative

growth rate with high significance (P<0.01) in cumulative feed intake and production efficiency

factor compared to T2. Also, the same treatments recorded highly significant superiority

(P<0.01) in cumulative feed conversion ratio and high (P<0.01) dressing percentage without

giblets and with giblets. Moreover, T3, T4 and T5 decreased the economic cost of the broiler

rearing project. Thus, we recommended to using both powders of local synbiotic and fenugreek

seed or their combination as promising antistress dietary materials for improving the

productivity and reducing the economic cost of broilers. This will in turn support the prospects

of sustainable development in the globally poultry industry in future directions. .

Keywords. synbiotic, fenugreek, hydrogen peroxide, broilers, economic cost.



1st



Development Goals

(1st ICASDG2022)



Impact of Utilization Recycled Concrete as a Partial Substitution of

the Coarse Aggregate of Hot Asphalt Mixture Surface

Mohammed Kareem Abed

1, a), Abdulhadi Meteab Alsaadi

2, b) and

Tameem Mohammed Hashim3, c)

1 AL- Furat AL-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Technical Institute of Babylon, Iraq.

2 AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

3 AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon Iraq

a)




Abstract. Recycled aggregate pavement in bituminous can be repercussion to mitigation in the

exhaustion of rudimentary aggregate and asphalt, orientation to alleviation in the quantities of tailings

organized into the garbage dumps. This research aimed to investigate the performance of Hot Mix

Asphalt (HMA) surface with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as a replacement to the natural

aggregates (NA) of four substitution rates (0, 20, 40, and 60) % from natural coarse aggregate. Four

HMA were designed by using the conventional Marshall method to investigate the density, air void,

flow and stability. The results indicated the properties of mixes with RCA have a weaker impact on

the performance asphalt mixture. Generally, the results articulate that the employment RCA in HMA

lead to reduce the density and Marshall stability while procure to increase the air void percentage and

flow values greater than its value in HMA with natural coarse aggregate.

Keywords: (Hot Mix Asphalt, normal aggregate, recycled concrete)


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