GeotechnicalPLAXIS

introductory short course

Application of Plaxis software

In Road and Hydraulic

engineering HWRU, 26/02 – 2/03 2007, Hanoi

on

Closing

Cooperation Rijkswaterstaat/DWW- MARD/DDMFC/HWRU: 1995-2007

Back for a moment to our course

Wind + waves

currentsWater levels

Hydraulic conditions

Integrated multidisciplinary

approachThreats and Loads

Piping or Uplift

And calculation of strength

Multidisciplinary teamwork needed

Integrated multidisciplina

ry approach

Hydraulic conditions

Groundwater flowDrainageComposition of soilSurface erosion

River dikes and PLAXIS

Engineering judgement

Conclusions• Solving problems requires interdisciplinary teamwork

• Geotechnical knowledge is essential• PLAXIS is only a calculation tool• Engineering experience/judgement is essential in analysis of results

• This should be also included in educational process (make not too much boundries between faculties but stimulate cooperation)

Foreign Lectureres• Peter Thé, geotechnical and Plaxis expert, Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute, Delft, Rijkswaterstaat (= Dutch Public Works Dpt.)

• Jaap Deutekom, geotechnical consultant, TAUW Hydroengineering Consultancy, Utrecht, NL

• Paul Bonnier, Plaxis expert, Plaxis b.v. Delft• Krystian Pilarczyk, hydraulic engineering consultant, formerly: Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute, Delft, Rijkswaterstaat

Course leader: dr. Trinh Minh Thu; HWRU, Head Division of Geotechnical EngineeringVice President and General Secretary of Vietnam Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering

Thanks to

GeotechnicalPLAXIS

introductory short courseApplication of Plaxis software

in all Civil Engineering area’sneeds further (continued)

educationBut also

Total design of roads, dikes, banks, revetments, etc.It can be organized by WRU/ WRUCE/Geotechnical Faculty

This is

In future the follow-up is needed

Not everything is known/solved but we may learn from each other

New generation of Tuan

Tuan as interpreter

Closing

Transfer know-how

National - International

Cooperation Rijkswaterstaat/DWW- MARD/DDMFC/HWRU: 1995-2007

2 March 2007, Hanoi

LETTER OF INTENTThe co-operation programme for the year 2003- 2006

BetweenMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD)/Department

of Dike Management and Flood Control (DDMFC), VietnamAnd

Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (RWS)/Road and Hydraulic Engineering Division, the Netherlands

-------------------------------------

10 years of Co-operation: 1996 - 2006

- exchange of experiences and technical assistance for the completion and publication of guidlines for dikes,- support in development of national safety standards in respect to flood protection, - support in training of technical staff (short courses, IHE, training NL/DWW), and- organize 'help-desk' for actual questions in the scope of projects under realization.(Low-cost cooperation; limited budget, about $ 25 000/year)

Capacity building; DDMFC, HWRU WRUCE !!!! Coastal Engineering (IHE, TUDelft)

Education (also english !)Co-operation - national - internationalCommunicationPublic awareness

Important items:

Short-course Vietnam

Short courses & Seminars:

PolandAIT BangkokICCE 1990

PAO dikes&revetments(international,

1996)PIANC 1998

Vietnam 1996, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 +IHE+DWWChina, 2000, 2001,2004 USA

Transfer know-how (technology transfer)

1996

5 december 2003: final meeting DDMFC

Presentation of preliminary mission findings

Also a number of technical missions

Co-operationNational & Internationalis of importance !!!!

RWS/BD

Co-operation NLTechnical Advisory Committee on Water

Defences (TAW)

RWS/DWWWater Defences

FinalResult

RWS/RIZA

RWS/RIKZ

WaterboardsProvinces

GeoDelft

Contractors Consultants

TU Delft Universities

Delft Hydraulics

TAW products guidelines, software

Expertise Network Water Defences/ENW)

Vietnamese Technical Advisory Committee on Water Defences

Integrated approach

Conclusions

Guidelines on W ater Defences

T ec hn ic al R e p or(s)H yd rau lic &G e otec hn ic al

B ou n d ary C o n d ition s

T e ch nical R ep ort(s)G e ote chn icalIn vestig a tion sC a lcu la tion s

T e ch nical R ep o rt (s)H yd rau lic D esign

R evetm en tsG ra ss m ats

T e ch nical rep ort(s)E xe cu tio n

M ain te na n ceS a fe ty m o n itorin g

G u id elin es F u n d am e nta ls(R iver D ike s)(S ea D ike s)

(C o ast & D un e s)

Keep know-how updated; regulations, technical documents, knowledge and techniques (also post-academial education)

You do not need to do everything by yourself but you need to have properly educated people with working knowledge of english (invest in people);Quality of service depends on quality of people and organisational system

Money???

Transfer of knowledge from abroad and

Adaptation to local conditions by your

(properly educated/trained) staff

is the most profitable investment

Development of knowledge costs money !Import of know-how is (often) cheaper

StatementCountry in developing should apply modern/sophisticated

safety approach and calculation/design techniques to define situation as close

to reality as possible;it provides a proper/objective instrument for policy/decision

making level

Bridge betweenResearch and

Practice

Countries

State and Public(com m unication)

clay

Block revetments

grass

clay

Design water level depends on choosen design frequency;but the nature does not count on that

Lower design level/ higher frequency

Higher design level/ lower frequency

Overtopping and erosion

Safety standards

Attention to progress of damage after exceeding design conditions

SafetyStandardsDesign frequency•Vietnam, China, etc.• 1/20actual

• 1/50• 1/100• 1/500• 1/1000

Future;Risk-based approach:probability xconsequences (???!!!)

Aspects:Freshwater (rivers)Salt water (sea)Low-lying land or not ?Cities (population)Economic areas (industry)

Safety versus design standard: 5% = 1/20 years ?

For 5% the dike crest is about MSL+7mActual Vietnamese dikes probably no

more than:Crest of dikes 20% = 1/5 years

(MSL+5m)(frequent overtopped dikes)

However, the strength of revetments, including crest and inner slope, should be adequate to resist at

least the attack of typhoons such as No.2 and No.7 (Damrey).

Therefore, the loading by these typhoons should be studied and lessons should be

learnt;

Transparency

There is no “golden receipt” against floodsThere is no “absolute safety” for everCoping with Floods is an international problemWe have to joint the forces and exchange our experience

We cannot avoid disasters/floods/erosion but we

have (must) to minimize the consequences, and to be prepared

for that

Inspection and Safety Assessment

vs. maintenance failure

design

time

strength

warningaction

criteria from design guidelines

light damage (start of failure)

breach = failure

good(safe)

sufficient(not unsafe)insufficient(unsafe)

strength(load)

It helps to take proper measures on time

Some General Conclusions “Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow but Live Today”

Capacity building Some things never change = good workmanship Training; short-courses, post-academ ic education Co-operation with Universities: M aster and/or Doctoral Thesis Guest Lectures by professional engineers Dictates/lecture notes and training for Higher and Lower Technical Education M ake (optimal) use of engineers graduated at IHE or elswhere: - translate their thesises - organize Seminars for presentation and making acquaintance - use them in a help desk - involve them in W orking Groups - provide them free-voice conditions; more room for new ideas; - (protect them from actual bureaucratic structure; the bos is not always right) Create an own network by involvement in international activities; PIANC, ICOLD, IAHR, European Community Research Programma, other countries (China, Bangladesh, Thailand, M alaysia), etc. Publications in National and International Journals

(also WRUCE)

Learning by doing: put young engineers in foreign projects (english!!??)

1. General rem arksRem em ber: Everybody has a role and responsibility (on each level)

Believe in yourself; you know and understand situation better than foreign experts-- Foreign consultant/expert can only advice, you have to do it by yourself (learn

from expert)- - Give chance/opportunity to new (young) generation- - Do not waste the investment in a new generation- - Joint the forces (1 + 1 >2)- - Cooperation (learn and stimulate cooperation within your own organization and

with organizations outside: M inistries, Universities, Consultants, Contractors,Environmental Organizations/NGO’s, etc)

- - Integration of various national and international project to one total frame

(already made)

MARD/MONRE/PolicyDike Department/DDMFC

Provincial DARD’s/DDMFCDesign Office/Consultants

Supervision/QualityUpgrading knowledge (= continuous

process)(make better use of WRUCE and Geotechnical

FacultyInstitutional reformMore decentralizationMore local involvement

Shearing responsibilitiesDatabank

Institutional remarks

Co-operation needed • Between ministries MARD – MONRE-Transport

• Within MARD/DDMFC • Between Institutes• Between Universities and Faculties• International• Upgrading documents• Unification of Polices

Vietnamese Technical Advisory Committee on Water Defences

In conclusion:

May be

Future ???• WRU Coastal Engineering & Geotechnical Faculty (continued, post-academial education)

• Dike program (MARD, WRUCE, and others)

• MoU RWS-MONRE (also dikes)• Water Platform (RNE)• Projects (more efficient use; learning by doing )

Developments

• Last decades:increase economical values, population (coastal and riverine areas)

• Large Disasters (Floods, Traffic, Planes, Fire, Earthquakes, Mud flow, etc.)

• Future developments: climate change, sea-level rising, soil subsidence, air/water pollution Bas Jonkman

Count on future

“Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow but Live Today”

It was a nice and fruitful time for both parties

Goodbye my friends

with ‘dike’ lunch

Thank youand

I hope to see you again soon

Look also to :www.enwinfo.nl

k.pilarczyk@planet.nl

Thank you for your attantion

Questions / remarks / additions?

Not everything is known/solved but we may learn from each other