GeotechnicalPLAXIS
introductory short course
Application of Plaxis software
In Road and Hydraulic
engineering HWRU, 26/02 – 2/03 2007, Hanoi
on
Closing
Cooperation Rijkswaterstaat/DWW- MARD/DDMFC/HWRU: 1995-2007
Wind + waves
currentsWater levels
Hydraulic conditions
Integrated multidisciplinary
approachThreats and Loads
Piping or Uplift
And calculation of strength
Multidisciplinary teamwork needed
Integrated multidisciplina
ry approach
Hydraulic conditions
Groundwater flowDrainageComposition of soilSurface erosion
Conclusions• Solving problems requires interdisciplinary teamwork
• Geotechnical knowledge is essential• PLAXIS is only a calculation tool• Engineering experience/judgement is essential in analysis of results
• This should be also included in educational process (make not too much boundries between faculties but stimulate cooperation)
Foreign Lectureres• Peter Thé, geotechnical and Plaxis expert, Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute, Delft, Rijkswaterstaat (= Dutch Public Works Dpt.)
• Jaap Deutekom, geotechnical consultant, TAUW Hydroengineering Consultancy, Utrecht, NL
• Paul Bonnier, Plaxis expert, Plaxis b.v. Delft• Krystian Pilarczyk, hydraulic engineering consultant, formerly: Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute, Delft, Rijkswaterstaat
Course leader: dr. Trinh Minh Thu; HWRU, Head Division of Geotechnical EngineeringVice President and General Secretary of Vietnam Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
Thanks to
GeotechnicalPLAXIS
introductory short courseApplication of Plaxis software
in all Civil Engineering area’sneeds further (continued)
educationBut also
Total design of roads, dikes, banks, revetments, etc.It can be organized by WRU/ WRUCE/Geotechnical Faculty
This is
In future the follow-up is needed
Not everything is known/solved but we may learn from each other
Closing
Transfer know-how
National - International
Cooperation Rijkswaterstaat/DWW- MARD/DDMFC/HWRU: 1995-2007
2 March 2007, Hanoi
LETTER OF INTENTThe co-operation programme for the year 2003- 2006
BetweenMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD)/Department
of Dike Management and Flood Control (DDMFC), VietnamAnd
Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (RWS)/Road and Hydraulic Engineering Division, the Netherlands
-------------------------------------
10 years of Co-operation: 1996 - 2006
- exchange of experiences and technical assistance for the completion and publication of guidlines for dikes,- support in development of national safety standards in respect to flood protection, - support in training of technical staff (short courses, IHE, training NL/DWW), and- organize 'help-desk' for actual questions in the scope of projects under realization.(Low-cost cooperation; limited budget, about $ 25 000/year)
Capacity building; DDMFC, HWRU WRUCE !!!! Coastal Engineering (IHE, TUDelft)
Education (also english !)Co-operation - national - internationalCommunicationPublic awareness
Important items:
Short-course Vietnam
Short courses & Seminars:
PolandAIT BangkokICCE 1990
PAO dikes&revetments(international,
1996)PIANC 1998
Vietnam 1996, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 +IHE+DWWChina, 2000, 2001,2004 USA
Transfer know-how (technology transfer)
1996
5 december 2003: final meeting DDMFC
Presentation of preliminary mission findings
Also a number of technical missions
RWS/BD
Co-operation NLTechnical Advisory Committee on Water
Defences (TAW)
RWS/DWWWater Defences
FinalResult
RWS/RIZA
RWS/RIKZ
WaterboardsProvinces
GeoDelft
Contractors Consultants
TU Delft Universities
Delft Hydraulics
TAW products guidelines, software
Expertise Network Water Defences/ENW)
Vietnamese Technical Advisory Committee on Water Defences
Guidelines on W ater Defences
T ec hn ic al R e p or(s)H yd rau lic &G e otec hn ic al
B ou n d ary C o n d ition s
T e ch nical R ep ort(s)G e ote chn icalIn vestig a tion sC a lcu la tion s
T e ch nical R ep o rt (s)H yd rau lic D esign
R evetm en tsG ra ss m ats
T e ch nical rep ort(s)E xe cu tio n
M ain te na n ceS a fe ty m o n itorin g
G u id elin es F u n d am e nta ls(R iver D ike s)(S ea D ike s)
(C o ast & D un e s)
Keep know-how updated; regulations, technical documents, knowledge and techniques (also post-academial education)
You do not need to do everything by yourself but you need to have properly educated people with working knowledge of english (invest in people);Quality of service depends on quality of people and organisational system
Money???
Transfer of knowledge from abroad and
Adaptation to local conditions by your
(properly educated/trained) staff
is the most profitable investment
Development of knowledge costs money !Import of know-how is (often) cheaper
StatementCountry in developing should apply modern/sophisticated
safety approach and calculation/design techniques to define situation as close
to reality as possible;it provides a proper/objective instrument for policy/decision
making level
clay
Block revetments
grass
clay
Design water level depends on choosen design frequency;but the nature does not count on that
Lower design level/ higher frequency
Higher design level/ lower frequency
Overtopping and erosion
Safety standards
Attention to progress of damage after exceeding design conditions
SafetyStandardsDesign frequency•Vietnam, China, etc.• 1/20actual
• 1/50• 1/100• 1/500• 1/1000
Future;Risk-based approach:probability xconsequences (???!!!)
Aspects:Freshwater (rivers)Salt water (sea)Low-lying land or not ?Cities (population)Economic areas (industry)
Safety versus design standard: 5% = 1/20 years ?
For 5% the dike crest is about MSL+7mActual Vietnamese dikes probably no
more than:Crest of dikes 20% = 1/5 years
(MSL+5m)(frequent overtopped dikes)
However, the strength of revetments, including crest and inner slope, should be adequate to resist at
least the attack of typhoons such as No.2 and No.7 (Damrey).
Therefore, the loading by these typhoons should be studied and lessons should be
learnt;
Transparency
There is no “golden receipt” against floodsThere is no “absolute safety” for everCoping with Floods is an international problemWe have to joint the forces and exchange our experience
We cannot avoid disasters/floods/erosion but we
have (must) to minimize the consequences, and to be prepared
for that
Inspection and Safety Assessment
vs. maintenance failure
design
time
strength
warningaction
criteria from design guidelines
light damage (start of failure)
breach = failure
good(safe)
sufficient(not unsafe)insufficient(unsafe)
strength(load)
It helps to take proper measures on time
Capacity building Some things never change = good workmanship Training; short-courses, post-academ ic education Co-operation with Universities: M aster and/or Doctoral Thesis Guest Lectures by professional engineers Dictates/lecture notes and training for Higher and Lower Technical Education M ake (optimal) use of engineers graduated at IHE or elswhere: - translate their thesises - organize Seminars for presentation and making acquaintance - use them in a help desk - involve them in W orking Groups - provide them free-voice conditions; more room for new ideas; - (protect them from actual bureaucratic structure; the bos is not always right) Create an own network by involvement in international activities; PIANC, ICOLD, IAHR, European Community Research Programma, other countries (China, Bangladesh, Thailand, M alaysia), etc. Publications in National and International Journals
(also WRUCE)
Learning by doing: put young engineers in foreign projects (english!!??)
1. General rem arksRem em ber: Everybody has a role and responsibility (on each level)
Believe in yourself; you know and understand situation better than foreign experts-- Foreign consultant/expert can only advice, you have to do it by yourself (learn
from expert)- - Give chance/opportunity to new (young) generation- - Do not waste the investment in a new generation- - Joint the forces (1 + 1 >2)- - Cooperation (learn and stimulate cooperation within your own organization and
with organizations outside: M inistries, Universities, Consultants, Contractors,Environmental Organizations/NGO’s, etc)
- - Integration of various national and international project to one total frame
(already made)
MARD/MONRE/PolicyDike Department/DDMFC
Provincial DARD’s/DDMFCDesign Office/Consultants
Supervision/QualityUpgrading knowledge (= continuous
process)(make better use of WRUCE and Geotechnical
FacultyInstitutional reformMore decentralizationMore local involvement
Shearing responsibilitiesDatabank
Institutional remarks
Co-operation needed • Between ministries MARD – MONRE-Transport
• Within MARD/DDMFC • Between Institutes• Between Universities and Faculties• International• Upgrading documents• Unification of Polices
Vietnamese Technical Advisory Committee on Water Defences
In conclusion:
May be
Future ???• WRU Coastal Engineering & Geotechnical Faculty (continued, post-academial education)
• Dike program (MARD, WRUCE, and others)
• MoU RWS-MONRE (also dikes)• Water Platform (RNE)• Projects (more efficient use; learning by doing )
Developments
• Last decades:increase economical values, population (coastal and riverine areas)
• Large Disasters (Floods, Traffic, Planes, Fire, Earthquakes, Mud flow, etc.)
• Future developments: climate change, sea-level rising, soil subsidence, air/water pollution Bas Jonkman
Count on future
“Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow but Live Today”
It was a nice and fruitful time for both parties
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