Chapter 8: The Rise of Rome - cloudfront.net

Each civilization that you will study in this unit madeimportant contributions to history

bull The Romans invented concrete and used the arch in buildingbull The Christians helped shape the Westrsquos religious beliefsbull The Muslims spread the religion of Islam and invented algebra

AncientRome

AncientRome

Chapte rs 8 amp 9

500 BC 100 BC500 BC 100 BC

Chapt er 10

Islamic Civilization

Islamic Civilization

Chap te r 11

254

St Matthew

509 BC Romebecomes arepublic

Islamicprayer rug

Wall painting of ayoung couple of

ancient Rome

NNew Empiresew EmpiresNew FaithsNew Faithsandand

c AD 100Churches foundedthroughout Romanworld

312 BCRomansbuildtheAppianWay

146 BC Rome destroysCarthage

44 BC Julius Caesaris killed

c AD 30Jesus preachesin Galilee andJudaea

Rise ofChristianity

Rise ofChristianity

(l)Cott Nero DIV f25v Portrait of St MatthewBritish Library LondonBridgeman Art Library (tr)ScalaArt Resource NY (br)Ancient Art amp Architecture Collection

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30degN

0degN

60degN

0deg 30degE

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PersianGulf

Black Sea

Caspian Sea

Nile

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Euph

rates

R

Tigr

is

R

AFRICA

EUROPE

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S

W E

1000 km0Mercator projection

1000 mi0

30degE

60degE

0deg

30degN

0degN

60degN

RedSea

PersianGulf

Black Sea

CaspianSea

Nile

R

Euph

rates

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Tigr

is

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Indu

sR

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AD 300 AD 700 AD 1100AD 300 AD 700 AD 1100

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EuphratesR

T

igris

R

AFRICA

EUROPE

Mosque inBaghdad

Gladiatorsin battle

AD 476WesternRoman Empireends

Church of Hagia Sophia(ldquoHoly Wisdomrdquo)

AD 392Christianitybecomes Romersquosofficial religion

AD 1054Eastern Orthodoxand RomanCatholic Churchesseparate

AD 534JustinianreformsRoman law

Chapter10

Chapter10

Chapter11

Chapter11

Chapters 8 amp 9

Chapter 10

Chapter 11

c AD 1200Muslim rulereaches to northern India

c AD 830Baghdad reaches itsheight as center ofIslamic learning

AD 624Muhammadfounds Islamicstate in Arabia

Chapters8 amp 9

Chapters8 amp 9

(t)Pierre BelzeauxPhoto Researchers (c)Brian LawrenceSuperStock (l)Nik Wheeler

254-257 UO3-824133 8304 529 PM Page 255

256

1 Roman aqueduct

See Ancient RomeChapters 8 amp 9


2 Roman Pantheon

AFRICAAFRICA

EUROPEEUROPE

Mediterranean Sea

1

23

4

63 BCndashAD 14Roman emperorChapter 8 page 289

c 6 BC ndashAD 30Crucifixion led to rise of

ChristianityChapter 10 page 346

c AD 10ndash65Christian thinkerChapter 10 page 349

c AD 280ndash337Roman emperorChapter 9 page 321

256ndash257 copyWorldsat International Inc 2004 All Rights Reserved (t)Ric Ergenbright (c)Sean Sexton CollectionCORBIS (bl)Robert Emmett BrightPhoto Researchers (bcl)ScalaArt Resource NY (bcr)DanitaDelimontAncient Art amp Architecture Collection (br)Werner FormanArt Resource NY

254-257 UO3-824133 32904 639 PM Page 256

AD 354ndash430Christian

philosopherChapter 10 page 357

C AD 500ndash548Byzantine empress

Chapter 9 page 331

c AD 570ndash632Muslims believe Allahdictated the Quran to

MuhammadChapter 11 page 376

AD 1048ndash1131Islamic poet

and philosopherChapter 11 page 392

ASIAASIA

3 Hagia Sophia


4 Mount of the Beatitudes

See Rise of ChristianityChapter 10

5 Kaaba

See Islamic CivilizationChapter 11

ArabianSea

257

5

(t to b)Brian LawrenceSuperStock Richard T NowitzCORBIS Nabeel TurnerGetty Images (l to r)ScalaArt Resource NY ScalaArt Resource NY Earl amp Nazima KowallCORBIS BettmannCORBIS

254-257 UO3-824133 32904 659 PM Page 257

Ruins of the Forum in Rome Italy

RRise ise RRomeomeTheThe

ofof

451 BCRomans adopt theTwelve Tables

267 BC Rome controlsmost of Italy

27 BCOctavian

becomes Romersquosfirst emperor

AD 96Rule of theGood Emperorsbegins

500 BC 300 BC 100 BC AD 100 500 BC 300 BC 100 BC AD 100

258ndash

259

Roy

Rai

nfor

dR

ober

t H

ardi

ngG

etty

Im

ages

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32204 158 PM Page 258

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Chapter PreviewWhile the Chinese civilization arose in East Asia the

Romans created an empire that covered much of theMediterranean world Read this chapter to discover how the Romans were able to win control of such a large area

View the Chapter 8 video in the World HistoryJourney Across Time Video Program

Romersquos BeginningsThe civilization of Rome began in Italy Rome grew from a small cityinto an economic and military power

The Roman RepublicRome was a republic for almost 500 years During this time itgradually expanded the right to vote After many years of war andfollowing the destruction of the Carthaginian Empire Rome tookcontrol of the Mediterranean region

The Fall of the Republic As Romersquos territory grew the army gained political power The RomanRepublic weakened by civil wars gave way to the Roman Empire

The Early EmpireAugustus and many of his successors governed well Romersquos empiregrew larger and wealthier

Chapter Overview Visitjatglencoecom for a previewof Chapter 8

Know-Want-Learn Make this foldable to help you organize what you know whatyou want to know and what you learn about the rise of Rome

Reading and WritingBefore reading thechapter write what youalready know about thebeginning of Rome therise and fall of itsrepublic and the earlyRoman Empire under thetabs of your foldableAlso write one questionyou have on each tab Asyou read summarizewhat you learn undereach tab

Step 1 Fold four sheets of paperin half from top to bottom

Step 2 On each folded paper make acut 1 inch from the side on the top flap

Step 3 Place the folded papers oneon top of the other Staple the foursections together and label the topfour tabs Romersquos Beginnings TheRoman Republic The Fall of theRepublic and The Early Empire

259

Cut 1 inch fromthe edge through the

top flap only

Romersquos Beginnings

Staple here

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6708293

260

Taking NotesTaking Notes

Note TakingDid you know that when you take notes you remember more

than three-fourths of the information you recorded That is why itis important to learn to take careful notes as you are reading

Read this paragraph from Section 3

Here is one method of note taking for theabove paragraph

Main Topic

Republicrsquos Problems

Important Details

1 dishonest officials2 gap between rich

and poor3 farmers faced ruin4 cities overcrowded

Trouble in the Republic

Romersquos armies were victorious wher-ever they went Yet problems were build-ing at home Dishonest officials stolemoney and the gap between rich and poorwas growing Thousands of farmers facedruin and the cities were becoming over-crowded and dangerous

mdashfrom page 278

Authors of textbooks

help with note taking

by giving you headings

and subheadings If you

are not sure of the main

topic it is a safe bet

that headings in bold

are important

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32204 203 PM Page 260

JAT_260

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1896491

Make a T-ChartRead the first few pages of Section 2 and

use this T-chart as a guide to help you practicetaking notes

On page 273 read aboutRomersquos first code oflaws the Twelve TablesCome up with yourown 12 Tables of SchoolLaw and explain whyeach one should beused to govern thestudents in your school

Read to Write

Main Topic

Romersquos government

Social groups in Rome

Roman law

Important Details

1

2

1

2

1

2

261

As you read Section 1 write thenames of important people or placeson the left column of your note-takingpaper On the right side list detailsfrom your reading

Ronald SheridanAncient Art amp Architecture Collection

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32404 147 AM Page 261

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74710326

RRomersquos omersquos

c 650 BCEtruscans ruleRome

509 BCRome becomesa republic

267 BCRome controlsmost of Italy

ITALY

AFRICASicily

Rome

650 BC 450 BC 250 BC650 BC 450 BC 250 BC

262 CHAPTER 8 The Rise of Rome

BBeginningseginnings

Whatrsquos the ConnectionIn previous chapters you learned

about the civilization of ancientGreece Greek ways did not die withthe end of Greecersquos freedom Theywere adopted and spread widely byanother civilization Rome

Focusing on the bull Geography played an important role

in the rise of Roman civilization(page 263)

bull The Romans created a republic andconquered Italy By treating peoplefairly they built Rome from a smallcity into a great power (page 265)

Locating PlacesSicily (SIHbullsuhbull lee)Apennines (AbullpuhbullNYNZ)Latium (LAYbullsheebulluhm)Tiber River (TYbullbuhr)Etruria (ihbullTRURbulleebulluh)

Meeting PeopleRomulus (RAHMbullyuhbull luhs)

and Remus (REEbullmuhs)Aeneas (ihbullNEEbulluhs)Latins (LAbulltuhnz)Etruscans (ihbullTRUHSbullkuhnz)Tarquins (TAHRbullkwihnz)

Building Your Vocabularyrepublic (rihbullPUHbullblihk) legion (LEEbull juhn)

Reading StrategySummarizing Information Use adiagram like the one below to showhow the Etruscans affected thedevelopment of Rome

Etruscans

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 214 PM Page 262

JAT_262

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27689786

CHAPTER 8 The Rise of Rome 263

The Origins of RomeGeography played an important role in

the rise of Roman civilization

Reading Focus If you were founding a new city what

natural features would influence your choice of a build-

ing site As you read this section think about the

choices that the early Romans made

Italy is in an important location in themiddle of the Mediterranean region It is along narrow peninsula with a distinctiveshape it looks like a high-heeled boot jut-ting into the sea The heel points towardGreece and the toe toward the island ofSicily (SIH bull suh bull lee) Across the top of theboot are the Alps craggy mountains thatseparate Italy from European lands to thenorth Another mountain range theApennines (A bullpuh bull NYNZ) runs all the waydown the boot from north to south

The landscape of Italy is similar to thatof Greece but the Apennines are not asrugged as Greecersquos mountains They can becrossed much more easily As a result thepeople who settled in Italy were not split upinto small isolated communities as theGreeks were In addition Italy had betterfarmland than Greece Its mountain slopeslevel off to large flat plains that are ideal forgrowing crops With more capacity to pro-duce food Italy could support more peoplethan Greece could

Historians know little about the firstpeople to live in Italy There is evidencehowever that groups from the northslipped through Italyrsquos mountain passesbetween about 1500 BC and 1000 BCAttracted by the mild climate and rich soila small but steady stream of newcomers set-tled in the hills and on the plains Amongthese peoples were a Latin-speaking peoplewho built the city of Rome on the plain ofLatium (LAY bull shee bulluhm) in central Italy

Where Was Rome Located Geographyplayed a major part in the location ofRome The site chosen for Rome wasabout 15 miles (24 km) up the Tiber River(TY bullbuhr) from the Mediterranean Sea TheTiber River gave the Romans a source ofwater and a way to the rest of theMediterranean world At the same timeRome was far enough from the sea toescape raids by pirates

N

S

W E

100 km0

100 mi0

Azimuthal Equidistant projection

10degE 15degE

40degN

45degN

A L P S

APENNIN

ES

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CAM

PANIA

TyrrhenianSea

Strait ofMessina

Mediterranean

Sea

IonianSea

Adriatic

Sea

Tib

erR

Po R

ETRURIA

LATIUM

AFRICA

Rome

Carthage

Italy 500 BC

In 500 BC the Etruscans and the Greeksoccupied much of Italy1 Which civilization do you think most

influenced the Latins who settled RomeExplain your answer

2 How was Romersquos location advantageousfor the Latinsrsquo conquest of Italy

Find NGS online map resources wwwnationalgeographiccommaps

CarthaginiansKEY

EtruscansGreeksLatins

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1214 PM Page 263

JAT_263

null

13374435

In addition Rome was built on sevenhills The Romans did this on purpose Thehills were very steep making it easy todefend the city against enemy attack Romewas also located at a place where peoplecould easily cross the Tiber River As aresult Rome became a stopping place forpeople traveling north and south in westernItaly and for merchant ships sailing in thewestern Mediterranean

How Did Rome Begin Two different leg-ends describe how Rome began The tradi-tional story is that twin brothers namedRomulus (RAHM bull yuh bull luhs) and Remus(REE bullmuhs) founded the city As babies the

boys were abandoned near the Tiber RiverRescued by a wolf and raised by a shep-herd they decided to build a city in 753 BCThe twins quarreled however and Remusmade fun of the wall his brother was build-ing In a fury Romulus lashed out at Remus

and killed him Romulus went on tobecome the first king of Rome thenew city he named after himself

The seeds of Rome are tracedeven farther back in the Aeneid afamous epic by the Roman poetVirgil The Aeneid is the story of theTrojan hero Aeneas (ih bull NEE bull uhs)He and a band of followers are saidto have sailed the MediterraneanSea after the Greeks captured TroyAfter many adventures the Trojanslanded at the mouth of the Tiber

Through warfare and then marriage to thelocal kingrsquos daughter Aeneas united theTrojans and some of the Latins (LA bull tuhnz)the local people He thus became theldquofatherrdquo of the Romans

Historians are not sure how Romebegan They think that Latins lived in thearea of Rome as early as 1000 BC They builthuts on Romersquos hills tended herds andgrew crops Sometime between 800 BC and700 BC they decided to band together forprotection It was this community thatbecame known as Rome

Early Influences After about 800 BCother groups joined the Romans in ItalyTwo of these groups the Greeks and theEtruscans (ih bullTRUHS bullkuhnz) played a majorrole in shaping Roman civilization

Many Greeks came to southern Italyand Sicily between 750 BC and 550 BCwhen Greece was busily building overseascolonies From the Greeks Romans learnedto grow olives and grapes They alsoadopted the Greek alphabet and they


The AeneidTwo legends describe the beginning of RomeOne says that after Troy was destroyedAeneas and the other Trojans went in search of another place to liveldquoWeeping I drew awayfrom our old country I took to the open seaborne outward into exilewith my people my sonmy hearth gods and thegreater gods Nowmaking landfall underthe southwind there Iplotted out on thatcurved shore the walls ofa colonymdashthough fateopposed itmdashand Idevised the nameAeneadae for the peoplefrom my ownrdquo

mdashadapted from Virgil Aeneid

What type of person do you think Aeneaswas to build a new city after having thefirst one destroyed

Virgil

Francis SchroederSuperStock

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JAT_264

null

15083011


would eventually model their architecturesculpture and literature after the Greeks

Romersquos early growth was influencedmost however by the Etruscans TheEtruscans lived north of Rome in Etruria(ih bullTRUR bullee bulluh) After 650 BC they movedsouth and took control of Rome and most ofLatium

The Etruscans were skilled metalwork-ers who became rich from mining andtrade They forced enslaved people to dothe heaviest work and made their own livescomfortable Their tomb paintings showmen and women feasting dancing andplaying music and sports Some murals alsoshow bloody battle scenes revealing theEtruscansrsquo pride in their military

The Etruscans changed Rome from a vil-lage of straw-roofed huts into a city ofwood and brick buildings They laid outstreets temples and public buildingsaround a central square Etruscans alsotaught Romans a new style of dress featur-ing short cloaks and togasmdashloose garmentsdraped over one shoulder More impor-tantly the Etruscan army would serve as amodel for the mighty army the Romanseventually assembled

Explain How did geographyhelp the Romans prosper

The Birth of a RepublicThe Romans created a republic and

conquered Italy By treating people fairly they builtRome from a small city into a great power

Reading Focus Have you heard the phrase ldquowinning

hearts and mindsrdquo It means convincing people to support

you rather than just forcing them to obey Read on to learn

how the Romans not only conquered other people in Italy

but also won their hearts and minds

The Etruscans ruled Rome for more than100 years Under the Etruscans Romebecame wealthy and powerful Howeverthe ruling family called the Tarquins(TAHR bullkwihnz) grew more and more cruel

Finally in 509 BC the Romans rebelledThey overthrew the Tarquins and set up arepublic (rihbullPUHbullblihk) A republic is a formof government in which the leader is not aking or queen but someone put in office bycitizens with the right to vote In a republicthe citizens have the power The rise of theRoman Republic marked the beginning of anew chapter in Romersquos history

Etruscan murals often showed lively scenes of daily life such as religious ceremonies orpeople enjoying music and feasts How did the Etruscans become wealthy

Etruscanjewelry

(t)file photo (b)ScalaArt Resource NY

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

null

13996211

At the time Rome became a republic itwas still a small city surrounded by ene-mies Over the next 200 years the Romansfought war after war against their neigh-bors In 338 BC they finally defeated theother Latins living nearby Next theyattacked the Etruscans and defeated themin 284 BC By 267 BC the Romans had alsoconquered the Greeks in southern ItalyWith this victory the Romans became themasters of almost all of Italy

Why Was Rome So Strong Rome wasable to conquer Italy because the Romanswere excellent soldiers In the republicrsquosearly days every male citizen who ownedland had to serve in the army Disciplinewas harsh and deserters were punished bydeath The tough discipline helped moldRoman soldiers into fighters who did notgive up easily In addition they were prac-tical problem solvers

For example Roman armies at firstfought like Greek armies Row upon row ofsoldiers marched shoulder to shoulderkeeping their shields together and holdinglong spears Roman generals soon realizedthat this way of fighting was slow and hardto control They reorganized their soldiersinto smaller groups called legions (LEE bulljuhnz) Each legion had about 6000 men andwas further divided into groups of 60 to 120 soldiers These small groups couldquickly cut through enemy lines

Roman soldiers or legionaries werearmed with a short sword called a gladiusand a spear called a pilum Each unit alsocarried its own standardmdasha tall poletopped with a symbol In battle standardshelped keep units together because the sol-diers could see them above the action

Shrewd Rulers The Romans were not onlygood fighters but also smart planners Asthey expanded throughout Italy they builtpermanent military settlements in the areasthey conquered Then they built roadsbetween these towns These roads allowedtroops to travel swiftly to any place in theirgrowing territory

To rule their new conquests theRomans created the Roman ConfederationUnder this system Romans gave full citi-zenship to some peoples especially otherLatins They could vote and serve in thegovernment and they were treated the


At first the Roman army was made up of ordi-nary citizens Later the army contained well-trained professional soldiers and was one of thebest fighting forces in the world What was astandard and why did the army carry them

The long iron point on the

spear was made to bend after the spear was

thrown preventing an enemy from

using it

Shields were made from

sheets of wood glued together

and covered with leather or

cloth

A soldiers armor was made of iron strips joined by leather ties

Roman LegionaryRoman Legionary

Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786

Reading SummaryReview the bull The Romans a Latin-speaking

people settled the region ofRome on the west side of ItalyThe regionrsquos geography as well asEtruscan and Greek ideas helpedRome grow

bull In 509 BC the Romans overthrewEtruscan rule and established arepublic By about 275 BCRoman legions had conqueredmost of Italy

Study CentralTM Need help with the material in this section Visit jatglencoecom

1 Where did the Greeks live inItaly and how did they influ-ence Roman civilization

2 Describe the two legends thattell of the founding of RomeThen describe how and whenRome was actually founded

Critical Thinking3 Geography Skills Draw a

diagram like the one below Listexamples of how geographydetermined Romersquos location

4 Summarize Describe theRoman conquest of Italy

5 Compare and ContrastHow did geography affect thedevelopment of civilization inGreece and Italy

6 Expository Writing Write ashort essay discussing the rea-sons Rome was so successful inits conquest of Italy

7 Taking NotesUse the blue subheads inSection 1 to create notesabout Romersquos beginnings Listeach subhead on the left of aT-chart and details on theright

What Did You Learn


same as other citizens under the law TheRomans granted other peoples the status ofallies

Allies were free to run their own localaffairs but they had to pay taxes to therepublic and provide soldiers for the armyThe Romans made it clear that loyal alliescould improve their position and evenbecome Roman citizens

With these policies the Romans provedthemselves clever rulers They knew thatconquered peoples would be more loyal tothe government if they were well treatedRomersquos generosity paid off As a result therepublic grew stronger and more unified

All the same Rome was not afraid touse force if necessary If conquered peoplesrevolted against Roman rule their resist-ance was swiftly put down

Describe How did Romerule its new conquests

The Location of Rome

This mosaic or picture made from bits of stoneshows a group of Roman legionaries Howmany soldiers made up a legion

Prenestino Museum RomeET Archives LondonSuperStock

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443

RRoman oman RRepublicepublicThe The

Whatrsquos the ConnectionRomans had suffered under cruel

Etruscan kings When they had thechance to create their own govern-ment they chose something verydifferent

Focusing on the bull Romersquos republic was shaped by a

struggle between wealthy landownersand regular citizens as it graduallyexpanded the right to vote (page 269)

bull Rome slowly destroyed the Carth-aginian Empire and took control ofthe entire Mediterranean region(page 274)

Locating PlacesCarthage (KAHRbull thihj)Cannae (KAbull nee)Zama (ZAYbull muh)

Meeting PeopleCincinnatus (SIHNbullsuhbullNAbulltuhs)Hannibal (HAbullnuhbullbuhl)Scipio (SIHbullpeebullOH)

Building Your Vocabularypatrician (puhbullTRIHbullshuhn)plebeian (plihbullBEEbulluhn)consul (KAHNbullsuhl)veto (VEEbulltoh)praetor (PREEbulltuhr)dictator (DIHKbullTAYbulltuhr)

Reading StrategyCategorizing Information Completea chart like the one below listing thegovernment officials and legislativebodies of the Roman Republic

264 BCPunic WarsbeginSPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC


Officials Legislative Bodies

146 BCRome destroysCarthage


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

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13740446

Romersquos GovernmentRomersquos republic was shaped by a strug-

gle between wealthy landowners and regular citi-zens as it gradually expanded the right to vote

Reading Focus Do you know where our word

republic comes from It is made up of two Latin words

meaning ldquothing of the peoplerdquo Read on to learn about

the republican government that early Romans created

Early Romans were divided into twoclasses patricians and plebeians The patricians (puh bull TRIH bull shuhnz) were wealthylandowners These nobles made up Romersquosruling class Most of Romersquos people how-ever were plebeians (plih bull BEE bull uhnz) Thisgroup included artisans shopkeepers andowners of small farms

Both patrician and plebeian men wereRoman citizens They had the right to voteand the responsibility to pay taxes and servein the army However plebeians had lesssocial status Marriage between members ofthe two classes was forbidden Plebeiansalso lacked an important political right theycould not hold public office Only patricianscould serve in the government

How Did Romersquos Government Work Inthe Roman Republic the top governmentofficials were the consuls (KAHNbull suhlz) Twoconsulsmdashboth patriciansmdashwere chosenevery year They headed the army and ranthe government Because they served suchshort terms there was little risk that theywould abuse their power The consuls also

N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0

0Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area projection

0deg10degW 10degE 20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth

Growth of the Roman Republic 500ndash146 500ndash146 BC

During the early years of theRepublic Rome gained territoryaround the Mediterranean Sea1 What major islands did Rome

conquer2 Why do you think Rome did not

expand farther northRoman consul

Rome 500 BC

Territory added by 264 BC


KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609

kept each other in line because each couldveto (VEEbull toh) or reject the otherrsquos decisionThe word veto is Latin for ldquoI forbidrdquo

Rome had other important officialscalled praetors (PREE bull tuhrz) Their main jobwas to interpret the law and act as judges incourt cases Various other officials per-formed specialized dutiesmdashkeeping taxrecords handling public finances supervis-ing public festivals and so forth

Romersquos most important legislative orlawmaking body was the Senate This wasa select group of 300 patrician men whoserved for life In the beginning the Senateonly gave advice to the consuls Over time

the power of the Senate grew By the 200s BC it could also propose laws holddebates on important issues and approvebuilding programs

Another legislative body was theAssembly of Centuries It elected importantofficials such as consuls and praetors andpassed laws Like the Senate the Assemblyof Centuries was under the control of thepatricians

Plebeians Against Patricians As youmight expect plebeians complained abouthaving so little power in the Roman RepublicAfter all they fought alongside patricians inthe army and their tax payments helped therepublic thrive It seemed reasonable thatthey should have equal rights

Eventually the plebeians took action tobring about change In 494 BC many ple-beians went on strike They refused toserve in the army They also left the city toset up a republic of their own These movesfrightened the patricians into agreeing toshare power

In 471 BC the plebeians were allowed toset up their own body of representativescalled the Council of the Plebs The assem-bly elected tribunes who brought plebeianconcerns to the governmentrsquos attention Thetribunes also won the right to veto govern-ment decisions In 455 BC plebeians andpatricians were allowed to marry and inthe 300s BC plebeians were allowed tobecome consuls

The most far-reaching political reformcame in 287 BC In that year the Council ofthe Plebs finally gained the power to passlaws for all Romans Now all male citizenshad equal political standing at least in the-ory In practice a few wealthy patricianfamilies still held most of the power andwomen remained without a voice in government The Roman Republic had


A Roman TriumphSometimes military leaders returning toRome after a victory took part in a greatparade called a triumph ldquoThus arrayed [decora-tively dressed] theyentered the city hav-ing at the head of theprocession the spoilsand trophies and fig-ures representing thecaptured forts citiesmountains riverslakes and seasmdasheverything in factthat they had taken [When] the victori-ous general arrived at the Roman Forum herode up to the Capitol There he performed certainrites and made offeringsrdquo

mdashZonaras ldquoA Roman Triumphrdquo

Why do you think the military leaders andtheir troops were dressed decorativelybefore the triumph

Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316

Roman Dinner Parties Before Romebecame a powerful empire Romans ate simple meals of porridge driedvegetables and greens People rarelyate meat or seafood After Romersquosconquests the dining habits of wealthyRomans changed Newly rich Romansshowed off their wealth with expensivefeasts that included exotic foods andlively entertainment for their guests

At Roman dinner parties guestsreclined on couches The enslavedservants served the food which wouldbe carried into the banquet room ongreat silver platters Roman dishesmight include boiled stingray garnishedwith hot raisins boiled crane withturnips or roast flamingo cooked withdates onions honey and wine

A wealthy Roman womanreclining on a couch

Connecting to the Past1 Whose eating habits changed after Rome

became wealthy and powerful

2 Describe how their eating habits changed

become more representative but it was farfrom a full-fledged democracy

Who Was Cincinnatus An unusual fea-ture of the Roman Republic was the officeof dictator (DIHK bull tay bull tuhr) We define adictator today as an oppressive ruler withcomplete control over the state Romandictators also had complete control butthey served the people and ruled on a tem-porary basis during emergencies TheSenate would appoint a dictator in times of great danger As soon as the danger was past Roman dictators gave up theirpower

The best-known early Roman dictator isCincinnatus (SIHN bull suh bull NA bull tuhs) About 460 BC a powerful enemy had surroundeda Roman army Officials decided that thecrisis called for a dictator and thatCincinnatus was the man for the job Theofficials found Cincinnatus plowing hisfields A loyal and devoted citizenCincinnatus left his farm and gathered anarmy He defeated the enemy in short orderand returned to Rome in triumphAlthough he probably could have contin-ued ruling Cincinnatus did not wantpower Having done his duty he returnedto his farm a mere 15 or 16 days afterbecoming dictator

Cincinnatus was widely admired in hisown time and in later ages GeorgeWashington for one took inspiration from his example Like CincinnatusWashington was a farmer when he wasasked to head an army the ContinentalArmy in the American War forIndependence After leading the Americansto victory Washington returned to his plan-tation home Only later and with somereluctance did he agree to become the firstpresident of the United States

The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS

CINCINNATUSc 519ndash438 BC

The loyal devotion of Cincinnatus greatly

impressed the Roman historian Livy In his

History of Rome Livy advised his readers to

listen to the worthwhile story of Cincinnatus

whose virtue rose high above any rewards

that wealth could bring

According to Livy Cincinnatus lived in

Rome but owned and worked a four-acre field

on the other side of the Tiber River On the

day that the officials looked for Cincinnatus

they found him hard at work in his field

covered with dirt and sweat Cincinnatus was

surprised when the officials asked him to put

on his toga and listen as they explained the

wishes of the Roman Senate Cincinnatus

must not have been aware of the danger

the Roman army faced because he asked

the officials if everything was all right before

calling to his wife Racilia and asking her to

bring him his toga quickly

The officials explained the emergency

situation to Cincinnatus He agreed to the Senatersquos

request that he become a dictator Cincinnatus and

the officials crossed the Tiber River

to Rome and were greeted by his

three sons other relatives and

friends and members of the Senate

Later they escorted Cincinnatus

safely to his home The next

morning before daylight

Cincinnatus went to the Forum

and gathered his forces to attack

the enemy

Cincinnatus is asked to lead Rome

ldquoThe city was in the ldquoThe city was in the

grip of fearrdquogrip of fearrdquomdashLivymdashLivy The Rise of RomeThe Rise of Rome

Name a modern-day leader that you think

historians will write about with great

admiration Explain why

Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272

Roman Law One of Romersquos chief gifts tothe world was its system of law The legalsystem of the United States owes much tothe Roman system

Romersquos first code of laws was the TwelveTables adopted about 451 BC Before this time Romersquos laws were not writtendown As a result plebeians claimed thatpatrician judges oftenfavored their own classThey demanded that thelaws be put in writing foreveryone to see

The patricians finallyagreed They had the lawscarved on bronze tabletsthat were placed inRomersquos marketplace orthe Forum (FOHR bull uhm)The Twelve Tables becamethe basis for all futureRoman laws They estab-lished the principle thatall free citizens had theright to be treated equallyby the legal system

The Twelve Tables however appliedonly to Roman citizens As the Romans tookover more lands they realized that newrules were needed to solve legal disputesbetween citizens and noncitizens They cre-ated a collection of laws called the Law ofNations It stated principles of justice thatapplied to all people everywhere

These standards of justice included ideasthat we still accept today A person was seenas innocent until proven guilty Peopleaccused of crimes could defend themselvesbefore a judge A judge had to look at theevidence carefully before making a decision

The idea that the law should apply toeveryone equally and that all people shouldbe treated the same way by the legal system

is called the ldquorule of lawrdquo In the age of Romethe rule of law was still a new idea In manylands people at the top of society often hadspecial privileges and did not have to obeythe same laws or use the same courts as peo-ple lower down In some places people at thebottom of society did not have any legalrights at all The rule of law is one of the keyideas that the Romans gave to the world It isstill the basis of our legal system today

Contrast Before 471 BCwhat right did patricians have that plebeians did not


Twelve Tables c 451 BC

The Twelve Tables were laws writtenon tablets that described the rightsof each person in the Roman RepublicThe laws were the first set of rules to govern Rome Writing the lawsdown and putting them on publicdisplay ensured that everyone knew the laws and that judges didnot apply the laws differently todifferent people

The laws on the Twelve Tablesexplained a personrsquos rights concerningproperty wills public behavior familylaw and court actions The TwelveTables were the first step toward equal rights for citizens of all classesin ancient Rome They were also a first step toward the idea of the ruleof law that we still uphold today

These bundles ofrods and axescalled fascessymbolized thelegal authority ofRoman leaders

AlinariArt Resource NY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665

Rome ExpandsRome slowly destroyed the Carthaginian

Empire and took control of the entire Mediterraneanregion

Reading Focus When you achieve a victorymdashwhether

it is in academics sports or some other fieldmdashdo you

then strive for more success That may have been how

the Romans felt once they had taken over Italy Read on

to learn how they continued to expand their power

While Rome developed its governmentit also faced challenges abroad The Romanshad completed their conquest of ItalyHowever they now faced a powerful rival inthe Mediterranean area This enemy was thestate of Carthage (KAHRbull thihj) on the coast ofNorth Africa It had been founded around

800 BC by the Phoenicians As you learnedearlier the Phoenicians were sea traders fromthe Middle East

Carthage ruled a great trading empirethat included parts of northern Africa andsouthern Europe By controlling the move-ment of goods in this region Carthagemade itself the largest and richest city in thewestern Mediterranean

The First Punic War Both Carthage andRome wanted to control the island of SicilyIn 264 BC the dispute brought the twopowers to blows The war that began in 264 BC is called the First Punic WarPunicus is the Latin word for ldquoPhoenicianrdquoThe war started when the Romans sent anarmy to Sicily to prevent a Carthaginian

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage

The Punic Wars 264 ndash146 264 ndash146 BC

After winning the Second PunicWar Rome became the strongestMediterranean power1 From what direction did Hannibal

attack Rome2 Why do you think Hannibal took

the route he did instead of sailingstraight across to Rome

Rome at the start of1st Punic WarCarthaginian EmpireHannibalrsquos routeScipiorsquos routeBattle

KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882

In December 218 BC Hannibalrsquos forces and the Roman army met in bat-tle near the Trebbia River in northern Italy In a well-planned attack theCarthaginian forces badly defeated the Romans Hannibal made good useof his elephants in the attack but most died following the battle Atwhat other battle in Italy were the Romans defeated by Hannibal

takeover The Carthaginians who alreadyhad colonies on the island were deter-mined to stop this invasion

Up until then the Romans had foughttheir wars on land However they soonrealized they could not defeat a sea powerlike Carthage without a navy They quicklybuilt a large fleet of ships and confrontedtheir enemy at sea The war dragged on formore than 20 years Finally in 241 BCRome crushed Carthagersquos navy off the coastof Sicily Carthage was forced to leave Sicilyand pay a huge fine to the Romans Theisland then came under Roman rule

The Second Punic War To make up for itsloss of Sicily Carthage expanded its empireinto southern Spain Roman leaders were

not happy about Carthage gaining landnear Romersquos northern border They helpedthe people living in Spain rebel againstCarthage Of course Carthaginians wereangry To punish Rome Carthage sent itsgreatest general Hannibal (HA bull nuh bull buhl)to attack Rome in 218 BC This started theSecond Punic War

Hannibalrsquos strategy was to take thefighting into Italy itself To do thisHannibal gathered an army of about 46000 men many horses and 37 elephantsHe landed his forces in Spain and thenmarched east to attack Italy

Even before reaching Italy Hannibalrsquosforces suffered severe losses crossing thesteep snowy Alps into Italy The brutalcold gnawing hunger and attacks by

275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636

Reading SummaryReview the bull During the Roman Republic the

government changed as the ple-beians or lower classes and thepatricians or ruling class strug-gled for power

bull Beginning in 264 BC Romefought and won a series of warswith Carthage and other powersand gained control of theMediterranean region

1 Who were the top governmentofficials in the Roman Republicand what were their duties

2 What does mare nostrummean and why did the Romansuse the term

Critical Thinking3 Sequencing Information

Draw a diagram to describe the sequence of events fromthe start of the First Punic Warto the start of the SecondPunic War

4 Geography Skills Where wasCarthage located and why didit compete with Rome

5 Summarize What other conquests did Rome carry out during the period of thePunic Wars

6 Evaluate Why do you thinkthe legacy of Roman law isconsidered so important

7 Persuasive Writing Write aspeech demanding equal rightsfor plebeians in the earlyrepublic

What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily

mountain tribes killed almost half of thesoldiers and most of the elephants Theremaining army however was still a pow-erful fighting force when it reached Italy

The Romans suffered a severe loss in216 BC at the Battle of Cannae (KA bullnee) insouthern Italy Even though Hannibalrsquos armywas outnumbered it overpowered the Ro-man force and began raiding much of Italy

The Romans however raised anotherarmy In 202 BC a Roman force led by ageneral named Scipio (SIH bull pee bull OH) in-vaded Carthage Hannibal who was wag-ing a war in Italy had no choice but toreturn home to defend his people

At the Battle of Zama (ZAYbullmuh) Scipiorsquostroops defeated the Carthaginians Carthagegave up Spain to Rome It also had to give upits navy and pay a large fine Rome nowruled the western Mediterranean

More Conquests While Carthage was nolonger a military power it remained atrading center In 146 BC Rome finallydestroyed its great rival in the Third PunicWar Roman soldiers burned Carthage andenslaved 50000 men women and chil-dren Legend says that the Romans evenspread salt on the earth so no crops wouldgrow Carthage became a Roman provinceor regional district

During the Punic Wars Rome success-fully battled states in the eastern Med-iterranean In 148 BC Macedonia cameunder Roman rule Two years later the restof Greece became Roman In 129 BC Romegained its first province in Asia It was nowonder that the Romans began to call theMediterranean mare nostrummdashrdquoour seardquo

Describe How did Romepunish Carthage at the end of the Third Punic War

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104


The The Fall Fall of the of the

RepublicRepublic

82 BCSulla becomes dictator ofRome

44 BCGroup ofsenators murderJulius Caesar

27 BCOctavianbecomes Romersquosfirst emperorASIA

MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC

Whatrsquos the ConnectionBy the end of the Third Punic

War Rome ruled the Mediterraneanworld All was not well howeverCloser to home the republic facedincreasing dangers that would soonlead to its end

Focusing on the bull The use of enslaved labor hurt

farmers increased poverty andcorruption and brought the armyinto politics (page 278)

bull Military hero Julius Caesar seizedpower and made reforms (page 280)

bull The Roman Republic weakened bycivil wars became an empire underAugustus (page 282)

Locating PlacesRubicon (ROObullbihbullKAHN)Actium (AKbullsheebulluhm)

Meeting PeopleJulius Caesar

(joolbullyuhs SEEbullzuhr)Octavian (ahkbullTAYbullveebulluhn)Antony (ANbulltuhbullnee)Cicero (SIHbullsuhbullROH)Augustus (awbullGUHSbulltuhs)

Building Your Vocabularylatifundia (LAbulltuhbullFUHNbulldeebulluh)triumvirate (trybullUHMbullvuhbullruht)

Reading StrategyFinding the Main Idea Use a chart likethe one below to identify the main ideasof Section 3 and supporting details

Main Idea

Supporting Supporting SupportingDetail Detail Detail


F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711

Trouble in the RepublicThe use of enslaved labor hurt farmers

increased poverty and corruption and brought thearmy into politics

Reading Focus Poverty corruption unemployment

crime and violence are problems we hear about today

Read on to learn how the Romans struggled with these

same issues 2000 years ago

Romersquos armies were victorious wher-ever they went Yet problems were buildingat home Dishonest officials stole moneyand the gap between rich and poor wasgrowing Thousands of farmers faced ruinand the cities were becoming overcrowdedand dangerous

Rich Versus Poor As you read in Section 2most of the people who ruled Rome werepatriciansmdashrich people who owned largefarms These rich landowners ran the Senateand held the most powerful governmentjobs They handled Romersquos finances anddirected its wars Despite some gains for theplebeians many people became veryunhappy about this situation

Rome had few privileged citizens com-pared with the many Romans who farmedsmall plots of land In the 100s BC how-ever these farmers were sinking intopoverty and debt Why Many of them hadbeen unable to farm because they werefighting in Romersquos wars Others had suf-fered damage to their farms duringHannibalrsquos invasion of Italy

Moreover small farmers could not com-pete with wealthy Romans who were buy-ing up land to create latifundia (LA bull tuh bullFUHN bull dee bull uh) or large farming estatesThese rich landowners used a new sourceof labormdashthe thousands of prisonersbrought to Italy during the wars By usingthese enslaved people to tend their cropswealthy Romans could force owners ofsmall farms out of business

Faced with debts they could not payoff many farmers sold their land andheaded to the cities desperate for workHowever jobs were hard to find Enslavedpeople did most of the work If free menwere lucky enough to be hired theyearned low wages These conditions cre-ated widespread anger


This image shows Romans farming their land Why were Roman farmersbecoming poor in the 100s BC

The Art ArchiveArcheological Museum AquileiaDagli Orti

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346


Roman politicians were worried aboutriots breaking out but they quickly turnedthe situation to their advantage To win thevotes of the poor they began providingcheap food and entertainment This policyof ldquobread and circusesrdquo helped many dis-honest rulers come to power

Why Did Reform Fail Not all wealthy peo-ple ignored the problems facing the RomanRepublic Two prominent officials whoworked for reforms were Tiberius and GaiusGracchus (GRAbullkuhs) These brothers thoughtthat many of Romersquos problems were causedby the loss of small farms They asked theSenate to take back public land from the richand divide it among landless Romans

Many senators however were amongthose who had claimed parcels of publicland Putting their own interests above thegeneral welfare they fought the Gracchusbrothersrsquo proposals A band of senators evenwent so far as to kill Tiberius in 133 BCTwelve years later Gaius met the same fateThese were dark days for the RomanRepublic when the people charged withmaking and upholding the laws could soshockingly violate them

The Army Enters Politics Matters onlyworsened as the Roman army took on a newrole Until now the army had mostly stayedout of government affairs Things changedwhen a military leader named Mariusbecame consul in 107 BC Previously mostsoldiers were owners of small farms Nowbecause this type of farmer was disappearingMarius began to recruit soldiers from the

poor In return for their service he paidthem wages and promised them the onething they desperately wantedmdashland

Marius changed the Roman army fromcitizen volunteers to paid professional sol-diers The new troops however weremotivated by material rewards rather thana sense of duty They felt loyal to theirgeneral not to the Roman Republic Thisgave individual generals a great deal ofinfluence and good reason to becomeinvolved in politics They needed to getlaws passed that would provide the landthey had promised their soldiers

Mariusrsquos new military system led tonew power struggles It was not long beforeMarius faced a challenge from a rival gen-eral with his own army a man named SullaIn 82 BC Sulla drove his enemies out ofRome and made himself dictator

Over the next three years Sulla changedthe government He weakened the Councilof the Plebs and strengthened the SenateThen he stepped down from office Hehoped that the Roman Republic could healits wounds and recapture its glory InsteadRome plunged into an era of civil wars forthe next 50 years Ambitious men saw howSulla used an army to seize power Theydecided to follow the same path

Explain What change didMarius make to the Roman army

Tiberius Gracchus(left) and hisbrother Gaiusbelieved that mov-ing poor Romansfrom the city tofarms would helpsolve the republicrsquosproblems What happened to theGracchus brothers

Web Activity Visit jatglencoecom and click on Chapter 8mdashStudent Web Activity tolearn more about the rise of Rome

ScalaArt Resource NY

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136


Julius CaesarMilitary hero Julius Caesar seized

power and made reforms

Reading Focus Did you know that George Washington

Andrew Jackson William H Harrison Zachary Taylor

Ulysses S Grant and Dwight D Eisenhower all com-

manded armies before becoming president Read to

learn about a famous Roman who made a similar jump

from military leader to political leader

After Sulla left office different Romanleaders battled for power supported bytheir loyal armies In 60 BC three men wereon top Crassus Pompey and Julius Caesar(jool bull yuhs SEE bull zuhr) Crassus was a mili-tary leader and one of the richest men inRome Pompey and Caesar were not as richbut both were successful military menDrawing on their wealth and power theyformed the First Triumvirate to rule RomeA triumvirate (try bull UHM bull vuh bull ruht) is apolitical alliance of three people

Caesarrsquos Military Campaigns The mem-bers of the Triumvirate each had a militarycommand in a remote area of the republicPompey was in Spain Crassus in Syria andCaesar in Gaul (modern France) While inGaul Caesar battled foreign tribes andinvaded Britain He became a hero toRomersquos lower classes Senators and othersback home in Rome feared that Caesar wasbecoming too popular and might seizepower like Sulla

After Crassus was killed in battle in 53 BC the Senate decided that Pompeyshould return to Italy and rule alone In 49 BC the Senate ordered Caesar to give uphis army and come home Caesar faced adifficult choice He could obey the Senateand perhaps face prison or death at thehands of his rivals or he could march onRome with his army and risk a civil war

Caesar decided to hold on to his 5000loyal soldiers He marched into Italy bycrossing the Rubicon (ROO bull bih bull KAHN) a

A scene showing a battle between Romans and Gauls

Pompey

Caesar

Crassus

Caesar was part of the First Triumviratewhose members are shown below

Caesarrsquos Rise to PowerCaesarrsquos Rise to Power

(tl)Archaeological Museum VeniceET Archives LondonSuperStock (bl)Louvre ParisBridgeman Art Library (c)Reunion des Musees NationauxArt Resource NY (r)Ronald SheridanAncient Art amp Architecture Collection

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557


Caesar crossing the Rubicon

Brutus (left) was one ofthe senators who killedCaesar Antony (above)supported Caesar andhis nephew Octavianand fought againstCaesarrsquos assassins

small river at the southern boundary of hiscommand area By doing so Caesar knewthat he was starting a civil war and that therewas no turning back The phrase ldquocrossingthe Rubiconrdquo is used today to mean makinga decision that you cannot take back

Pompey tried to stop Caesar but Caesarwas the better general He drove Pompeyrsquosforces from Italy and then destroyedPompeyrsquos army in Greece in 48 BC

Caesarrsquos Rise to Power In 44 BC Caesarhad himself declared dictator of Rome forlife This broke with the Roman traditionthat allowed dictators to hold power foronly short periods of time To strengthen hishold on power Caesar filled the Senate withnew members who were loyal to him

At the same time Caesar knew thatreforms were needed He granted citizen-ship to people living in Romersquos territoriesoutside the Italian peninsula He started newcolonies to provide land for the landless andcreated work for Romersquos jobless people Heordered landowners using slave labor to hire

more free workers These measures madeCaesar popular with Romersquos poor

Caesar also created a new calendar with12 months 365 days and a leap year TheJulian calendar as it was called was usedthroughout Europe until AD 1582 Thatyear it was modified slightly to become theGregorian calendar This calendar based onthe birth of Christ has been used in theUnited States since its beginning and isused by most countries in the world today

While many Romans supported Caesarothers did not His supporters believed hewas a strong leader who brought peace andorder to Rome His enemies howeverfeared that Caesar wanted to be king Theseopponents led by the senators Brutus andCassius plotted to kill him Caesar ignoreda famous warning to ldquobeware the Ides ofMarchrdquo (March 15) On that date in 44 BCCaesarrsquos enemies surrounded him andstabbed him to death

Explain Why did BrutusCassius and others kill Caesar

(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862

Rome Becomes an EmpireThe Roman Republic weakened by civil

wars became an empire under Augustus

Reading Focus Have you ever been in a traffic jam

and wished that a police officer would show up to get

things moving Read on to learn how Romans wel-

comed the arrival of a strong new ruler

Caesarrsquos death plunged Rome intoanother civil war On one side were forcesled by the men who had killed Caesar Onthe other side was Caesarrsquos grandnephewOctavian (ahk bull TAY bull vee bull uhn) who hadinherited Caesarrsquos wealth and two ofCaesarrsquos top generals Antony (AN bull tuh bullnee) and Lepidus After defeating Caesarrsquosassassins these three men created theSecond Triumvirate in 43 BC

The Second Triumvirate The members ofthe Second Triumvirate began quarrelingalmost at once Octavian soon forcedLepidus to retire from politics Then thetwo remaining leaders divided the Romanworld between themselves Octavian tookthe west Antony took the east

In short order though Octavian andAntony came into conflict Antony fell inlove with the Egyptian queen Cleopatra VIIand formed an alliance with her Octaviantold the Romans that Antony withCleopatrarsquos help planned to make himselfthe sole ruler of the republic This alarmedmany Romans and enabled Octavian todeclare war on Antony

In 31 BC at the Battle of Actium (AK bullshee bull uhm) off the west coast of GreeceOctavian crushed the army and navy ofAntony and Cleopatra The couple then fledto Egypt A year later as Octavian closed inthey killed themselves Octavian at the ageof 32 now stood alone at the top of theRoman world The period of civil wars was

over but so was the republic Octavianwould lay the foundation for a new systemof governmentmdashthe Roman Empire

Who Was Augustus Octavian couldhave made himself dictator for life likeJulius Caesar did He knew though thatmany people favored a republican form ofgovernment One such person was


Cicero Calls for War

This excerpt is from Cicerorsquos sixth speechabout the struggle between Octavian andAntony (Marcus Antonius)ldquoTherefore when I saw that a nefarious [evil] war was waged against the republic I thoughtthat no delay ought to be interposed to our pursuit of Marcus Antoniusand I gave my vote thatwe ought to pursue with war that most audacious[bold] man who wasat this moment attack-ing a general of the Romanpeople I said furtherthat thegarb of warshould beassumed by the citizens inorder that all men mightapply themselves with moreactivity and energy to avenging the injuries of the republicrdquo

mdashCicero ldquoThe Sixth Oration ofMT Cicero Against

Marcus Antoniusrdquo

Why did Cicero want Rome to fightAntony

Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935

Reading SummaryReview the bull As the gap between the ruling

class and the poor in Romeincreased a number of reformsfailed and generals began togather power

bull Julius Caesar became dictatorand carried out reforms to aidRomersquos poor Later he was assas-sinated by members of theSenate

bull Caesarrsquos grandnephew Octaviandefeated Antony and Cleopatraand became Augustus the firstRoman emperor

1 What is a triumvirate

2 Who was Cicero and how didhe influence the writers of theUnited States Constitution

Critical Thinking3 Understanding Cause and

Effect Draw a diagram like theone below Fill in the chain ofeffects that was caused by thethousands of enslaved prison-ers that were brought to Italyfrom Romersquos many wars

4 Summarize What reforms didthe Gracchus brothers suggest

5 Analyze What was the ldquobreadand circusesrdquo policy and howdid Roman politicians benefitfrom it

6 Analyze What reforms didJulius Caesar put in place thatincreased his popularity withpoor and working-class Romans

7 Persuasive Writing Imagineyou are a Roman citizen Decidewhether you would have beenfor or against Julius Caesarrsquosrise to power and his reformsThen write a newspaper edito-rial explaining your views Besure to include facts to supportyour opinions

What Did You Learn



Cicero (SIH bull suh bull ROH) a political leaderwriter and Romersquos greatest public speakerCicero had argued against dictators andcalled for a representative government withlimited powers

Cicerorsquos speeches and books swayedmany Romans Centuries later his ideaswould also influence the writers of the UnitedStates Constitution

Although Cicero did not live to see Octavianrule he had supported him hoping he wouldrestore the republic In 27 BC Octavianannounced that he was doing just that

He knew the Senate wanted this form ofgovernment However Octavian also knewthat the republic had been too weak to solveRomersquos problems Although he gave somepower to the Senate he really put himself incharge His title imperator translates toldquocommander in chiefrdquo but it came to mean

ldquoemperorrdquo Octavian also took the title ofAugustus (awbull GUHS bull tuhs)mdashldquothe revered ormajestic onerdquo From this point on he wasknown by this name

Explain How did Octavianrsquosgovernment reflect the ideas of Cicero

At the Battle of Actium Octavianrsquos forcesdefeated those of Antony after Cleopatrarsquosships retreated How did the Battle of Actiumaffect the history of Rome

North Wind Picture Archive

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284

Was Caesar a Reformer Was Caesar a Reformer or a Dictatoror a Dictator

During his life Julius Caesar was

greatly admired by many people He was

also hated and feared by many others

Some believed he was too ambitiousmdash

exceptionally eager for fame and powermdash

and that his ambition would keep him

from acting in Romersquos best interest

Was Caesar a great reformer or an

ambitious dictator Those who saw him as

a great leader and reformer said that he

bull won the support of his soldiers

through his military leadership

and strategy

bull treated many of his defeated

enemies generously and

appointed some of themmdash

including Brutusmdashto gov-

ernment positions

bull ended the rule of corrupt

Roman nobles

bull brought order and peace to

Rome

bull restored cities that had

been destroyed by the

republic

bull strengthened and

expanded the state of

Rome

bull started public jobs pro-

grams to aid the poor

bull granted Roman citizen-

ship to people from for-

eign countries or states

Great Reformer

The assassinationof Julius Caesar

284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator

Caesar also had many enemies

including some who had been his

friends They saw Caesar as a dan-

gerous dictator and thought he was

taking advantage of his growing

power They said that he

bull became an enemy when he

refused to follow the Senatersquos

order to return to Rome

bull started a civil war that led

to the destruction of the

republic

bull increased the number

of senators to add to his

number of supporters

bull treated his defeated enemies

with cruelty

bull punished those who wanted

to uphold the traditions and

laws of the republic

bull weakened the Senate to gain

absolute power over Rome

bull kept hidden any facts that did

not make him look brave and

intelligent

bull sought glory for himself at the

expense of the republic

Julius Caesar

Checking for Understanding1 Define ambition Identify some

ways ambition can be a positivecharacteristic and some ways itcan be a negative characteristic

2 What could Caesar have done toshow his enemies that he wasnot abusing his power

3 Do you think Caesar was a greatleader and reformer or an ambi-tious dictator Write a briefessay that explains how youview Caesar Use facts to support your position

Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The

Early EmpireEarly Empire

Whatrsquos the ConnectionYou learned in Section 3 that

when Octavian became Augustus theRoman world began to change Therepublic gave way to an empire andpeace and prosperity spreadthroughout the Mediterranean

Focusing on the bull By expanding the empire and

reorganizing the military andgovernment Augustus created a newera of prosperity (page 287)

bull Romersquos system of roads aqueductsports and common currency madethe empire rich and prosperous(page 290)

Locating PlacesRhine River (RYN)Danube River (DANbullYOOB)Puteoli (pyubullTEEbulluhbullLY) Ostia (AHSbullteebulluh)

Meeting PeopleCaligula (kuhbullLIHbullgyuhbull luh)Nero (NEEbullroh)Hadrian (HAYbulldreebulluhn)

Building Your VocabularyPax Romana

(pahks rohbullMAHbullnah)aqueduct (AbullkwuhbullDUHKT)currency (KUHRbulluhnbullsee)

Reading StrategyCause and Effect Use a chart like the one below to show the changesAugustus made in the Roman Empireand the effect of each change

Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies

AD 96Rule of the GoodEmperors begins

AD 180Pax Romanaends

BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815

The Emperor AugustusBy expanding the empire and reorgan-

izing the military and government Augustus cre-ated a new era of prosperity

Reading Focus What makes a good or bad leader

Think about this question as you read about Augustus

and other Roman emperors

Augustus paved the way for 200 years ofpeace and prosperity in Rome The emperorswho followed him were not all good rulersbut they helped the Roman Empire reach itspeak For centuries the Mediterraneanregion had been filled with conflict UnderAugustus and his successors the region wasunder the control of one empire A long eraof peace began with Augustus and lasteduntil AD 180 It was called the Pax Romana(pahks rohbullMAHbullnah) or ldquoRoman Peacerdquo

What Did Augustus Achieve Uponbecoming emperor in 27 BC Augustus setout to make the empire strong and safe Toprovide security he built a permanent professional army of about 150000 menmdashall Roman citizens Augustus also created aspecial unit called the Praetorian Guard

This force consisted of about 9000 men incharge of guarding the emperor ThePraetorian Guard later became very influ-ential in Roman politics

Augustusrsquos legions conquered new ter-ritories and added vast stretches of north-ern Europe to the empire All of Spain and Gaul came under Roman rule as didland in what is today Austria HungaryRomania and Bulgaria

Meanwhile Augustus rebuilt Rome withstately palaces fountains and splendid pub-lic buildings ldquoI found Rome a city of brickrdquohe boasted ldquoand left it a city of marblerdquo Thearts flourished as never before and Augustusalso imported grain from Africa to feed thepoor He knew that a well-fed populationwould be less likely to cause trouble

Augustus devoted much of his energy toimproving Romersquos government During hisreign more than 50 million people lived inthe Roman Empire To rule this huge popu-lation Augustus appointed a proconsul orgovernor for each of Romersquos provincesThese new officials replaced the politicianswho had been chosen by the SenateAugustus often traveled to the provinces tosee how the governors were doing


The city of Rome at the height of the Roman Empire

Victoria amp Albert Museum LondonBridgeman Art Library

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536

Augustus also reformed the Roman taxsystem Previously individual tax collectorspaid the government for the right to do thejob To make their investment worthwhiletax collectors were allowed to keep some ofthe money they gathered Many of themhowever were dishonest and took too muchAugustus solved this problem by makingtax collectors permanent government work-ers This change made the tax system fairer

Augustus also reformed the legalsystem He created a set of laws forpeople in the provinces who werenot citizens As time passed how-ever most of these people gained cit-izenship The laws of Rome thenapplied to everyone although thelegal system generally stressed theauthority of the government overthe rights of the individual

Who Came After AugustusAfter ruling for almost 40 yearsAugustus died in AD 14 No lawstated how the next emperor was to be chosen Augustus howeverhad trained a relative Tiberius to follow him The next three emperorsmdashCaligula(kuh bullLIH bullgyuh bullluh) Claudius and Nero (NEE bullroh)mdashalso came from Augustusrsquosfamily They are called the Julio-Claudian emperors Unfortunatelythey were not all fit to leadTiberius and Claudius ruled capa-bly Caligula and Nero howeverproved to be cruel leaders

Mental illness caused Caligulato act strangely and to treat peoplecruelly He had many people mur-dered wasted a lot of money andeven gave his favorite horse theposition of consul Eventually thePraetorian Guard killed him andput Claudius on the throne

Nero was also a vicious man Amongthose he had killed were his mother and twowives He is best remembered for havingldquofiddled while Rome burnedrdquo According tolegend he was playing music miles fromRome when a fire destroyed much of the cityin AD 64 Eventually he committed suicide

Explain What did Augustusdo to make the empire safer and stronger


Emperor Accomplishments

Tiberius 14ndash37 AD

Great military leader regulated business to prevent fraud kept Romersquos economy stable

Caligula 37ndash41 AD

Abolished sales tax allowed people in exile to return increased court systemrsquos power

Claudius 41ndash54 AD

Built new harbor at Ostia and new aqueduct for Rome conquered most of Britain

Nero 54ndash68 AD

Constructed many new buildings gave slaves the right to file complaints assisted cities suffering from disasters

The Julio-Claudian EmperorsThe Julio-Claudian Emperors

The four emperors who followed Augustuswere all relatives of Augustus1 Under which emperor was Britain

conquered 2 Conclude Why do you think the Roman

Empire remained at peace even with weakemperors such as Caligula and Nero

(t)C HellierAncient Art amp Architecture Collection (tc)Ronald SheridanAncient Art amp Architecture Collection (bc)The Art ArchiveMuseo Capitolino RomeDagli Orti (b)The Art ArchiveStaatliche Glypothek MunichDagli Orti

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988

AUGUSTUS63 BCndashAD 14

Octavian was born to a wealthy family in a

small Italian town southeast of Rome During his

youth Octavian suffered a number of illnesses He refused

to let his illnesses interfere with his life however showing

the determination that would later make him Romersquos first

emperor

Octavianrsquos father was a Roman senator but it was

Octavianrsquos great-unclemdashJulius Caesarmdashwho first

introduced Octavian to public life in Rome In his late

teens Octavian joined Caesar in Africa and then the

following year in Spain At the age of 18 while Octavian

was studying at school he learned that his great-uncle

had been murdered In his will Caesar had adopted

Octavian as his son Caesar had also made Octavian his

heirmdasha position that Antony had assumed would be

his Against his familyrsquos advice Octavian went to Rome

to claim his inheritance By the time he reached Rome

however Antony had seized Caesarrsquos papers and

money and refused to give them to OctavianWith

remarkable political savvy for someone so young

Octavian turned the situation around in his favor He

won the hearts of Caesarrsquos soldiers and the

people of Rome by celebrating the public games

that Caesar had started

In his rise to power and during his reign as

Emperor Augustus Octavian pushed himself and

his loyal followers with relentless energy In his

private life however he lived

simply and quietly and shunned

personal luxury He was devoted

to his wife Livia Drusilla and

spent his spare time with her at

their home on the outskirts of

Rome

289

Augustus

Augustus overcame the obstacles of illness and

political enemies to become a great emperor

Can you think of any present-day individuals

who overcame obstacles to excel at something

ldquoI extended the frontiers ldquoI extended the frontiers of all the provinces of theof all the provinces of theRoman peoplerdquo

mdashAugustus ldquoRes Gestae ThemdashAugustus ldquoRes Gestae TheAccomplishments of AugustusrdquoAccomplishments of Augustusrdquo

Robert Emmett BrightPhoto Researchers

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289

Unity and ProsperityRomersquos system of roads aqueducts

ports and common currency made the empire richand prosperous

Reading Focus Do you find that you are more pro-

ductive when you are not worried about conflicts at

home or school Read to learn how the Roman Empire

prospered during its time of peace

After Nero committed suicide Romepassed through a period of disorder untilVespasian a general and one of Nerorsquos pro-consuls took the throne Vespasian restoredpeace and order He put down several

rebellions in the empire including theJewish rebellion in Palestine Troops com-manded by his son Titus defeated the Jewsand destroyed the Jewish temple inJerusalem in AD 70

During his reign Vespasian began con-struction of the Colosseummdasha hugeamphitheatremdashin central Rome His sonTitus then his other son Domitian ruledRome after he died Both sons oversaw anera of growth and prosperity in RomeDuring Titusrsquos reign two disasters struckthe empire The volcano Mount Vesuviuserupted destroying the city of Pompeiiand a great fire badly damaged Rome

Today about 600000 peoplelive near MtVesuvius Some peopleeven live on the volcanorsquos beautiful

green slopes Scientists warn that thevolcano is overdue to erupt again and

suggest that people move away from thehighest-risk areas Would you choose to live near

MtVesuvius Why or why not

Living in the Shadow of Mt VesuviusLiving in the Shadow of Mt Vesuvius

Ancient Pompeii was a busy port town Itscitizens were going about their day on August 24AD 79 when MtVesuvius erupted and buriedthe town in volcanic ash About 20000people escaped but thousands of othersdied Not until centuries latermdashin the1500smdashwere the preserved ruins atPompeii discovered

Mt Vesuvius today

The ruins of Pompeii

290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962

The ldquoGood Emperorsrdquo At the beginningof the AD 100s a series of rulers who werenot related to Augustus or Vespasian cameto power These five emperorsmdashNervaTrajan Hadrian (HAY bulldree bulluhn) AntoninusPius and Marcus Aureliusmdashare known asthe ldquogood emperorsrdquo They presided overnearly a century of prosperity from AD 96to AD 180 Agriculture flourished tradeincreased and the standard of living rose

During this time the emperor came toovershadow the Senate more than everbefore The five ldquogood emperorsrdquo did notabuse their power however They wereamong the most devoted and capable rulersin Romersquos history They improved Romanlife in many ways naming trained officialsto carry out their orders

Among the achievements of theseemperors were programs to help ordinarypeople Trajan gave money to help poorparents raise and educate their childrenHadrian made Roman law easier to under-stand and apply Antoninus Piuspassed laws to help orphans All theemperors supported public build-ing projects They built arches andmonuments bridges and roadsand harbors and aqueducts Anaqueduct (A bull kwuh bull DUHKT) is ahuman-made channel for carryingwater long distances

A Unified Empire Later emperorscontinued to conquer new territoryfor Rome The empire reached itslargest size under Trajan It spreadwell beyond the Mediterraneanincluding Britain in the north andpart of Mesopotamia in the east

Trajanrsquos successors however realizedthat the empire had grown too big to ruleeffectively Hadrian began to pull back Heremoved troops from most of Mesopotamia

Roman Aqueducts Transportingwater is a complex problem Romanengineers solved it by buildingaqueducts Roman aqueducts carriedwater across a valley or hillside usinggravity aboveground stone arches andunderground pipes made of stone orclay Between 312 BC and AD 22611 aqueducts were built to bring waterto Rome from as far away as 57 milesOnce the water made it to Rome itwas held in collecting tanks Mostpeople gathered water from thesepublic tanks Only the rich and high-ranking officials had private watertanks in their homes

Many Roman aqueducts still standand are used today Engineers in ancient

Persia India andEgypt built similarwater systemshundreds of yearsbefore theRomans Howeverhistorians agreethat the Romanswere the greatestaqueduct buildersof the ancientworld

Connecting to the Past1 How did the Romans transport water

to the city of Rome

2 Why do you think that only therich and powerful had private watersupplies

Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE

500 km0Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area projection

500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

Expanded theempire to its

largest size builtmany new public

works

Promoted art andscience built new

public workspassed laws to aid

orphans

In Europe he set the empirersquos northern boundaries at the Rhine River (RYN) andDanube River (DAN bull YOOB) He also builtHadrianrsquos Wall across northern Britain tokeep out the Picts and Scotsmdashtwo warlikepeople who lived in northern Britain

In the AD 100s the Roman Empire wasone of the greatest empires in history Itincluded about 35 million square miles (91 million square km) Its people spoke dif-ferent languagesmdashmostly Latin in the westand Greek in the east They also practiceddifferent local customs What unified the

empire though were Roman law Romanrule and a shared identity as Romans

Roman culture had been carried intoevery province by the soldiers who protected the empire and by the officialssent to govern The Romans were gener-ous in granting citizenship In AD 212every free person was made a Roman citizen

A Booming Economy Most people in theRoman Empire made a living from theland Small farms dotted northern Italy In

TrajanAD 98ndash117

Antoninus PiusAD 138ndash161

Extent of RomanEmpire 146 BC


Extent of RomanEmpire AD 14

Reformed land laws in favor of

the poor revisedtaxes

NervaAD 96ndash98

Built Hadrianrsquos Wall in Britainmade Roman laws easier to

understand

HadrianAD 117ndash138

Helped unite the empire

economicallyreformed

Roman law

Marcus AureliusAD 161ndash180

The Roman Empire Trade and Expansion

The ldquoGood Emperorsrdquo of the Pax RomanaThe ldquoGood Emperorsrdquo of the Pax Romana

(l)Roma Museo NazionArt Resource NY (cr)Staatliche Glypothek Munich GermanyET Archive LondonSuperStock (others)Archivo Iconografico SACORBIS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764


southern and central Italy latifundia or large estates worked by enslaved people were common On these estatesand in the provinces of Gaul and Spainfarmers produced grapes and olives Themaking of wine and olive oil became big business In Britain and Egypt thechief crops were grains Bountiful harvestsfrom these regions kept Romersquos peoplewell fed

Agriculture was the most importantpart of the economy but industry wasimportant too Potters weavers and jewelers

produced goods and cities became centersfor making glass bronze and brass

Traders came from all over theempiremdashand beyondmdashto ports in ItalyTwo of the largest port cities were Puteoli(pyubullTEEbulluhbull LY) on the Bay of Naples andOstia (AHS bull tee bull uh) at the mouth of theTiber The docks were lively places Luxuryitems including silk goods from China andspices from India poured in to satisfy therich Raw materials such as British tinSpanish lead and iron from Gaul went tothe workshops of Roman cities

From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degE0deg10degW 20degE 30degE 40degE 50degE

60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE

ARABIAEGYPTAlexandria

Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco

At its height the Roman Empire had conqueredan area about the size of the United States1 What feature made up the far northern border

of the Roman Empire2 Describe in general the trade items that came

from the various regions of the empire

Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk

SpicesTimberWild animals

Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464

Reading SummaryReview the bull Augustus conquered new lands

and created a professional mili-tary and a system of proconsulsHe improved the tax system andthe legal system ushering in thePax Romana

bull Under Vespasian his sons andthe five good emperors Romanscontinued to be prosperous Theybuilt an elaborate system ofroads and developed a commoncurrency that promoted tradeand economic growth

1 What was the Pax Romana

2 What products came from thefarms of Italy Gaul and Spain

Critical Thinking3 Organizing Information

Draw a diagram like the onebelow Add details about theimprovements and changesAugustus made to the RomanEmpire during his reign

4 Sequencing InformationDescribe the sequence ofemperors who ruled Romefrom Augustus through theldquoGood Emperorsrdquo

5 Analyze Why was Romersquoscreation of a common currencyimportant

6 Evaluate Who do you thinkwas a more important leaderJulius Caesar or AugustusExplain

7 Creative Writing Write ashort play in which severalRoman citizens discuss one of the emperors mentioned in this section and his accomplishments

What Did You Learn



Roads and Money A good transportationnetwork was vital to the empirersquos tradeDuring the Pax Romana Romersquos system ofroads reached a total length of 50000 miles(80000 km) On the seas the Roman navyhelped to rid the Mediterranean of piratesGoods could be shipped more safely to andfrom Romersquos ports

Romersquos trade was helped by a commoncurrency (KUHR bull uhn bull see) or system ofmoney Roman coins were accepted through-out the Mediterranean region by AD 100Merchants could use the same money in Gaulor Greece as they did in Italy The Romansalso created a standard system of weights andmeasures This made it easier for people toprice goods trade and ship products

Ongoing Inequality The Roman Empirersquosprosperity did not reach all of its people

Shopkeepers merchants and skilled work-ers benefited from the empirersquos trade RichRomans built great fortunes and lived inluxury However most city dwellers andfarmers remained poor and manyremained enslaved

Identify Who were theldquoGood Emperorsrdquo and what did they accomplish

Changes Under Augustus

Roman coins could be used throughout most ofthe empire making trade much easier Howelse did Rome improve trade during the empire

(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783

The Fall of the Republic

The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section

Vocabularyrepublic legion

Vocabularypatrician plebeianconsulveto praetor dictator

Vocabularylatifundia triumvirate

VocabularyPax Romanaaqueduct currency

Focusing on the bull Geography played an important role in the rise of Roman civilization

(page 263)

bull The Romans created a republic and conquered Italy By treating peoplefairly they built Rome from a small city into a great power (page 265)

Focusing on the bull Romersquos republic was shaped by a struggle between

wealthy landowners and regular citizens as it grad-ually expanded the right to vote (page 269)

bull Rome slowly destroyed the Carthaginian Empireand took control of the entire Mediterranean region(page 274)

Focusing on the bull The use of enslaved labor hurt farmers increased poverty and

corruption and brought the army into politics (page 278)

bull Military hero Julius Caesar seized power and made reforms (page 280)

bull The Roman Republic weakened by civil wars became an empire underAugustus (page 282)

Focusing on the bull By expanding the empire and reorganizing the military and government

Augustus created a new era of prosperity (page 287)

bull Romersquos system of roads aqueducts ports and common currency made theempire rich and prosperous (page 290)


Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295

Taking Notes Note Taking18 Read the following paragraph from page 269 Take notes on the information by

making a T-chart

Early Romans were divided into two classes patricians andplebeians The patricians were wealthy landowners These noblesmade up Romersquos ruling class Most of Romersquos people howeverwere plebeians This group included artisans shopkeepers andowners of small farms

To review this skill see pages 260ndash261

Section 2 bull The Roman Republic9 How did the roles of patricians and ple-

beians differ in Roman society10 Explain how Rome gradually defeated the

Carthaginians Section 3 bull The Fall of the Republic11 How did slavery weaken the Roman

Republic 12 How did Augustus change the Roman

Republic Section 4 bull The Early Empire13 Was Augustus a successful ruler Explain

your answer 14 How did the Roman Empire change dur-

ing the Pax Romana

Critical Thinking15 Compare In the chapter Cincinnatus is

compared to George Washington Think ofanother person or character who is similar toCincinnatus Explain how they are similar

16 Explain Why did Caesar fight Pompey 17 Predict What do you think would have

happened if Hadrian had tried to furtherexpand the Roman Empire

Review VocabularyEach of the following statements is falseReplace each word in italics with a word thatmakes the statement true Write the correctwords on a separate sheet of paper ___ 1 A legion is a form of government in

which the citizens choose their leader___ 2 Patricians included artisans and

shopkeepers___ 3 The judge in a Roman court case was a

consul___ 4 In early Rome the role of praetor lasted

only until a crisis had passed___ 5 Large farming estates that used

enslaved people to tend crops werecalled aqueducts

___ 6 A veto was a human-made channel forcarrying water

Review Main IdeasSection 1 bull Romersquos Beginnings

7 Describe the role geography played in therise of Roman civilization

8 How did treating people fairly help Rometo increase its power


295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296

Geography SkillsStudy the map below and answer the follow-ing questions19 Place Which areas did Rome control after

the Punic Wars 20 HumanEnvironment Interaction What

does the building of Hadrianrsquos Wall sayabout the Picts and Scots

21 Region Why was it important to theRomans to control Mediterranean lands

Read to Write22 Persuasive Writing Suppose you were

working with Tiberius and Gaius to reformRome Write a letter or speech thatexplains why reform is needed and whattypes of reforms should occur

23 Using Your Use your foldableto write a series of questions about thechapter With a partner take turns askingand answering questions until you havereviewed the entire chapter

Building Citizenship24 Making Connections Use the Internet

and your local library to research theTwelve Tables Work with your classmatesto design a similar series of laws andrecord them using modern language Howis your law code similar to and differentfrom the Twelve Tables

Using Technology25 Creating Promotional Materials Use the

Internet to find at least five places relatedto ancient Rome that can be visited bytourists Create a guidebook or brochureon the computer advertising these links tothe past and persuading people to visitthat area Share your final product in areport to the class

Self-Check Quiz To help prepare for theChapter Test visit jatglencoecom


N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze

Augustus wrote a historical documentdescribing his accomplishments This passage is about his military leadershipldquoAbout 500000 Roman citizens were undermilitary oath to me Of these when theirterms of service were ended I settled incolonies or sent back to their own munici-palities a little more than 300000 and toall these I allotted lands or granted moneyas rewards for military servicerdquo

mdashAugustus ldquoRes Gestae The Accomplishments of Augustusrdquo

26 Why did Augustus give money to hisretired soldiers

27 Why do you think Augustus did notexplain the reasons for his actions

Rome after Punic Wars 146 BC

Territory added by Caesarrsquos death 44 BC

Territory added by Augustusrsquos death AD 14Territory added by AD 130Battle site

KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297

Glencoe World History Journey Across Time The Early Ages - Oklahoma Edition

Oklahoma Priority Academic Student Skills

Table of Contents

Priority Academic Student Skills for Grade 6 World Studies

Correlation to the PASS for Grade 6 World Studies

Preparing for Standardized Tests

Standardized Test Practice

Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader

Previewing Your Textbook

Scavenger Hunt

National Geographic Reference Atlas

World Political

World Physical

North America Political

North America Physical

United States Political

United States Physical

Middle America PhysicalPolitical

South America Political

South America Physical

Europe Political

Middle East PhysicalPolitical

Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political

Pacific Rim PhysicalPolitical

Arctic Ocean Physical

Antarctica Physical

National Geographic Geography Handbook

How Do I Study Geography

How Do I Use Maps and Globes

Understanding Latitude and Longitude

From Globes to Maps

Common Map Projections

Parts of Maps

Types of Maps

Using Graphs Charts and Diagrams

Geographic Dictionary

Tools of the Historian

Measuring Time

Organizing Time

How Does a Historian Work

History and Geography

What Is a Historical Atlas

Links Across Time

Unit 1 Early Civilizations

Chapter 1 The First Civilizations

Reading Skill Previewing

Section 1 Early Humans

Section 2 Mesopotamian Civilization

Section 3 The First Empires

Chapter 1 Reading Review

Chapter 1 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 2 Ancient Egypt

Reading Skill Predicting

Section 1 The Nile Valley

Section 2 Egypts Old Kingdom

Section 3 The Egyptian Empire

Section 4 The Civilization of Kush



Chapter 3 The Ancient Israelites

Reading Skill Main Idea

Section 1 The First Israelites

Section 2 The Kingdom of Israel

Section 3 The Growth of Judaism



Unit 1 Review

Unit 2 The Ancient World

Chapter 4 The Ancient Greeks

Reading Skill Making Connections

Section 1 The Early Greeks

Section 2 Sparta and Athens

Section 3 Persia Attacks the Greeks

Section 4 The Age of Pericles



Chapter 5 Greek Civilization

Reading Skill Context

Section 1 The Culture of Ancient Greece

Section 2 Greek Philosophy and History

Section 3 Alexander the Great

Section 4 The Spread of Greek Culture



Chapter 6 Early India

Reading Skill Vocabulary

Section 1 Indias First Civilizations

Section 2 Hinduism and Buddhism

Section 3 Indias First Empires



Chapter 7 Early China

Reading Skill Text Structure

Section 1 Chinas First Civilizations

Section 2 Life in Ancient China

Section 3 The Qin and Han Dynasties



Unit 2 Review

Unit 3 New Empires and New Faiths

Chapter 8 The Rise of Rome

Reading Skill Taking Notes

Section 1 Romes Beginnings

Section 2 The Roman Republic

Section 3 The Fall of the Republic

Section 4 The Early Empire



Chapter 9 Roman Civilization

Reading Skill Responding amp Reflecting

Section 1 Life in Ancient Rome

Section 2 The Fall of Rome

Section 3 The Byzantine Empire



Chapter 10 The Rise of Christianity

Reading Skill Sequence Clues

Section 1 The First Christians

Section 2 The Christian Church

Section 3 The Spread of Christian Ideas



Chapter 11 Islamic Civilization


Section 1 The Rise of Islam

Section 2 Islamic Empires

Section 3 Muslim Ways of Life



Unit 3 Review

Unit 4 The Middle Ages

Chapter 12 China in the Middle Ages

Reading Skill Inferences

Section 1 China Reunites

Section 2 Chinese Society

Section 3 The Mongols in China

Section 4 The Ming Dynasty



Chapter 13 Medieval Africa

Reading Skill Compare and Contrast

Section 1 The Rise of African Civilizations

Section 2 Africas Government and Religion

Section 3 African Society and Culture



Chapter 14 Medieval Japan

Reading Skill Cause and Effect

Section 1 Early Japan

Section 2 Shoguns and Samurai

Section 3 Life in Medieval Japan



Chapter 15 Medieval Europe

Reading Skill Questioning

Section 1 The Early Middle Ages

Section 2 Feudalism

Section 3 Kingdoms and Crusades

Section 4 The Church and Society

Section 5 The Late Middle Ages



Unit 4 Review

Unit 5 A Changing World

Chapter 16 The Americas

Reading Skill Summarizing

Section 1 The First Americans

Section 2 Life in the Americas

Section 3 The Fall of the Aztec and Inca Empires



Chapter 17 The Renaissance and Reformation

Reading Skill Analyze and Clarify

Section 1 The Renaissance Begins

Section 2 New Ideas and Art

Section 3 The Reformation Begins

Section 4 Catholics and Protestants



Chapter 18 Enlightenment and Revolution

Reading Skill Monitor and Adjust

Section 1 The Age of Exploration

Section 2 The Scientific Revolution

Section 3 The Enlightenment

Section 4 The American Revolution



Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix

SkillBuilder Handbook


Primary Sources Library

Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index

Acknowledgements and Photo Credits

Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography


Linking Past amp Present

National Geographic History Makers

National Geographic The Way It Was

You Decide

Primary Source Quotes

Maps Charts Graphs and Diagrams

Student Workbooks

Active Reading Note-Taking Guide - Student Edition
































































Section 2 Feudalism


















Activity Workbook - Student Edition


Activity 1 The Stone Age

Activity 2 Mesopotamian Cultures and Empires


Activity 3 Events in the Nile River Valley

Activity 4 Egypt and Nubia


Activity 5 The Kingdoms of the Israelites

Activity 6 Life Among the Israelites


Activity 7 The History of Ancient Greece

Activity 8 Ancient Greece


Activity 9 Greek and Hellenistic Culture

Activity 10 Alexanderrsquos Invasion of the Persian Empire


Activity 11 Hinduism and Buddhism

Activity 12 The Mauryan and Gupta Empires


Activity 13 Chinarsquos Early Dynasties

Activity 14 Early China


Activity 15 The Development of Rome

Activity 16 The Roman Republic and Empire


Activity 17 The Decline of Rome

Activity 18 The Eastern and Western Roman Empires


Activity 19 The Spread of Christianity

Activity 20 The Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches


Activity 21 The Muslim Empires

Activity 22 Muslim Life


Activity 23 Causes and Effects in Medieval China

Activity 24 Events in Medieval China


Activity 25 Society in Medieval Africa

Activity 26 Early African Societies


Activity 27 Early and Medieval Japanese Society

Activity 28 The Ashikaga


Activity 29 Medieval Europe

Activity 30 Feudalism in Medieval Europe


Activity 31 History of the First Americans

Activity 32 North American Cultures


Activity 33 Renaissance and Reformation Europe

Activity 34 Renaissance Arts and Culture


Activity 35 Europe from the 1400s Through the 1700s

Activity 36 Trade Between England and the American Colonies

Reading Essentials and Study Guide - Student Edition
































































Section 2 Feudalism


















Haitian Creole Summaries

Chapit 1 Premye Sivilizasyon yo

Chapit 2 Lejip Tan Lotan

Chapit 3 Izrayelit Tan Lontan yo

Chapit 4 Gregravek Tan Lontan yo

Chapit 5 Sivilizasyon Gregravek la

Chapit 6 Lenn Tan Lontan

Chapit 7 Lachin Tan Lontan

Chapit 8 Moute Wogravem nan

Chapit 9 Sivilizasyon Womegraven nan

Chapit 10 Moute Krisyanis la

Chapit 11 Sivilizasyon Islamis la

Chapit 12 Lachin nan Mwayenn Aj

Chapit 13 Lafrik Mwayenn Aj la

Chapit 14 Japon Mwayenn Aj la

Chapit 15 Lewogravep Mwayenn Aj la

Chapit 16 Amerik yo

Chapit 17 Renesans ak Refogravemasyon

Chapit 18 Epogravek Limyegrave yo ak Revolisyon

Spanish Reading Essentials and Study Guide - Student Edition

Capiacutetulo 1 Las primeras civilizaciones

Guiacutea de estudio 1-1 Los primeros humanos

Guiacutea de estudio 1-2 La civilizacioacuten mesopotaacutemica

Guiacutea de estudio 1-3 Los primeros imperios

Capiacutetulo 2 El antiguo Egipto

Guiacutea de estudio 2-1 El Valle del Nilo

Guiacutea de estudio 2-2 Imperio Antiguo de Egipto

Guiacutea de estudio 2-3 El Imperio Egipcio

Guiacutea de estudio 2-4 La civilizacioacuten de Kush

Capiacutetulo 3 Los antiguos hebreos

Guiacutea de estudio 3-1 Los primeros hebreos

Guiacutea de estudio 3-2 El Reino de Israel

Guiacutea de estudio 3-3 El crecimiento del judaiacutesmo

Capiacutetulo 4 Los antiguos griegos

Guiacutea de estudio 4-1 Los antiguos griegos

Guiacutea de estudio 4-2 Esparta y Atenas

Guiacutea de estudio 4-3 Persia ataca a los griegos

Guiacutea de estudio 4-4 La era de Pericles

Capiacutetulo 5 La civilizacioacuten griega

Guiacutea de estudio 5-1 La cultura de la antigua Grecia

Guiacutea de estudio 5-2 Filosofiacutea e historia griegas

Guiacutea de estudio 5-3 Alejandro Magno

Guiacutea de estudio 5-4 La expansioacuten de la cultura griega

Capiacutetulo 6 La antigua India

Guiacutea de estudio 6-1 Las primeras civilizaciones de la India

Guiacutea de estudio 6-2 Hinduismo y budismo

Guiacutea de estudio 6-3 Los primeros imperios de la India

Capiacutetulo 7 La antigua China

Guiacutea de estudio 7-1 Las primeras civilizaciones de China

Guiacutea de estudio 7-2 La vida en la antigua China

Guiacutea de estudio 7-3 Las dinastiacuteas Qin y Han

Capiacutetulo 8 El ascenso de Roma

Guiacutea de estudio 8-1 Los comienzos de Roma

Guiacutea de estudio 8-2 La Repuacuteblica Romana

Guiacutea de estudio 8-3 La caiacuteda de la Repuacuteblica

Guiacutea de estudio 8-4 Los comienzos del Imperio

Capiacutetulo 9 La civilizacioacuten romana

Guiacutea de estudio 9-1 La vida en la antigua Roma

Guiacutea de estudio 9-2 La caiacuteda de Roma

Guiacutea de estudio 9-3 El Imperio Bizantino

Capiacutetulo 10 El ascenso del cristianismo

Guiacutea de estudio 10-1 Los primeros cristianos

Guiacutea de estudio 10-2 La Iglesia cristiana

Guiacutea de estudio 10-3 La difusioacuten de las ideas cristianas

Capiacutetulo 11 La civilizacioacuten islaacutemica

Guiacutea de estudio 11-1 El ascenso del islamismo

Guiacutea de estudio 11-2 Imperios islaacutemicos

Guiacutea de estudio 11-3 Estilos de vida musulmana

Capiacutetulo 12 China en la Edad Media

Guiacutea de estudio 12-1 La reunificacioacuten de China

Guiacutea de estudio 12-2 La sociedad china

Guiacutea de estudio 12-3 Los mongoles en China

Guiacutea de estudio 12-4 La dinastiacutea Ming

Capiacutetulo 13 Aacutefrica medieval

Guiacutea de estudio 13-1 El ascenso de las civilizaciones africanas

Guiacutea de estudio 13-2 El gobierno y la religioacuten en Aacutefrica

Guiacutea de estudio 13-3 La sociedad y la cultura africanas

Capiacutetulo 14 El Japoacuten medieval

Guiacutea de estudio 14-1 Japoacuten antiguo

Guiacutea de estudio 14-2 Shogunes y samurais

Guiacutea de estudio 14-3 La vida en el Japoacuten medieval

Capiacutetulo 15 Europa medieval

Guiacutea de estudio 15-1 La alta Edad Media

Guiacutea de estudio 15-2 El feudalismo

Guiacutea de estudio 15-3 Reinos y Cruzadas

Guiacutea de estudio 15-4 La Iglesia y la sociedad

Guiacutea de estudio 15-5 La baja Edad Media

Capiacutetulo 16 Las Ameacutericas

Guiacutea de estudio 16-1 Los primeros pobladores de las Ameacutericas

Guiacutea de estudio 16-2 La vida en las Ameacutericas

Guiacutea de estudio 16-3 La caiacuteda de los imperios Azteca e Inca

Capiacutetulo 17 El Renacimiento y la Reforma

Guiacutea de estudio 17-1 Comienza el Renacimiento

Guiacutea de estudio 17-2 Nuevas ideas y nuevo arte

Guiacutea de estudio 17-3 Comienza la Reforma

Guiacutea de estudio 17-4 Catoacutelicos y protestantes

Capiacutetulo 18 La Ilustracioacuten y la Revolucioacute

Guiacutea de estudio 18-1 La era de la exploracioacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 18-2 La Revolucioacuten Cientiacutefica

Guiacutea de estudio 18-3 La Ilustracioacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 18-4 La Revolucioacuten Norteamericana

Spanish Summaries


















Capiacutetulo 18 La Ilustracioacuten y la Revolucioacuten

Standardized Test Skills Practice Workbook - Student Edition

Objectives Addressed in the Activities

Workbook Overview

Preparing for a Standardized Test

Activity 1 Using Time Lines

Activity 2 Descriptive Writing About a Visual

Activity 3 Interpreting Charts and Tables

Activity 4 Identifying the Main Idea

Activity 5 Outlining Information for Writing

Activity 6 Classifying Facts and Details

Activity 7 Interpreting Diagrams

Activity 8 Making Inferences

Activity 9 Comparing and Contrasting

Activity 10 Reading a Map Scale

Activity 11 Drawing Conclusions

Activity 12 Making Generalizations

Activity 13 Analyzing Statistics

Activity 14 Perceiving Cause-and-Effect Relationships

Activity 15 Interpreting Graphs

Activity 16 Predicting Outcomes

Activity 17 Recognizing a Point of View

Activity 18 Forming Hypotheses

Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document

Search - Full Available on OS X and Windows in Reader 601

Page Navigator

Exit

Button1

30degN

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Church of Hagia Sophia(ldquoHoly Wisdomrdquo)

AD 392Christianitybecomes Romersquosofficial religion

AD 1054Eastern Orthodoxand RomanCatholic Churchesseparate

AD 534JustinianreformsRoman law

Chapter10

Chapter10

Chapter11

Chapter11

Chapters 8 amp 9

Chapter 10

Chapter 11

c AD 1200Muslim rulereaches to northern India

c AD 830Baghdad reaches itsheight as center ofIslamic learning

AD 624Muhammadfounds Islamicstate in Arabia

Chapters8 amp 9

Chapters8 amp 9

(t)Pierre BelzeauxPhoto Researchers (c)Brian LawrenceSuperStock (l)Nik Wheeler

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the enemy







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RomeInvadesSicily








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RepublicRepublic




MINOR

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and strategy





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ASIAMINOR

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From China

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From

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S

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500 km

500 mi0



60degE

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AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

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NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

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Trade route

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KEY

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What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

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The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

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AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1

256

1 Roman aqueduct



2 Roman Pantheon

AFRICAAFRICA

EUROPEEUROPE

Mediterranean Sea

1

23

4







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ASIAASIA

3 Hagia Sophia




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are important

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650 BC 450 BC 250 BC650 BC 450 BC 250 BC













Etruscans

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N

S

W E

100 km0

100 mi0


10degE 15degE

40degN

45degN

A L P S

APENNIN

ES

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CAM

PANIA

TyrrhenianSea

Strait ofMessina

Mediterranean

Sea

IonianSea

Adriatic

Sea

Tib

erR

Po R

ETRURIA

LATIUM

AFRICA

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Italy 500 BC





CarthaginiansKEY


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Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





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500 mi0



40degE

40degN

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A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

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10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

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12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

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9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

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9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

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12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

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13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

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12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

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17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

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azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

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les

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lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

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138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

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Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

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emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

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7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1




Chapter 9 page 331





ASIAASIA

3 Hagia Sophia




5 Kaaba


ArabianSea

257

5


254-257 UO3-824133 32904 659 PM Page 257



ofof



27 BCOctavian




258ndash

259

Roy

Rai

nfor

dR

ober

t H

ardi

ngG

etty

Im

ages

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259


top flap only


Staple here

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6708293

260






Main Topic


Important Details





mdashfrom page 278








are important

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32204 203 PM Page 260

JAT_260

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1896491




Read to Write

Main Topic



Roman law

Important Details

1

2

1

2

1

2

261



258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32404 147 AM Page 261

JAT_261

null

74710326





ITALY

AFRICASicily

Rome

650 BC 450 BC 250 BC650 BC 450 BC 250 BC













Etruscans

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 214 PM Page 262

JAT_262

null

27689786












N

S

W E

100 km0

100 mi0


10degE 15degE

40degN

45degN

A L P S

APENNIN

ES

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CAM

PANIA

TyrrhenianSea

Strait ofMessina

Mediterranean

Sea

IonianSea

Adriatic

Sea

Tib

erR

Po R

ETRURIA

LATIUM

AFRICA

Rome

Carthage

Italy 500 BC





CarthaginiansKEY


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1214 PM Page 263

JAT_263

null

13374435














Virgil


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 264

JAT_264

null

15083011

















Etruscanjewelry


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

null

13996211












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1



ofof



27 BCOctavian




258ndash

259

Roy

Rai

nfor

dR

ober

t H

ardi

ngG

etty

Im

ages

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32204 158 PM Page 258

JAT_258

null

31869376














259


top flap only


Staple here

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32204 201 PM Page 259

JAT_259

null

6708293

260






Main Topic


Important Details





mdashfrom page 278








are important

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32204 203 PM Page 260

JAT_260

null

1896491




Read to Write

Main Topic



Roman law

Important Details

1

2

1

2

1

2

261



258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32404 147 AM Page 261

JAT_261

null

74710326





ITALY

AFRICASicily

Rome

650 BC 450 BC 250 BC650 BC 450 BC 250 BC













Etruscans

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 214 PM Page 262

JAT_262

null

27689786












N

S

W E

100 km0

100 mi0


10degE 15degE

40degN

45degN

A L P S

APENNIN

ES

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CAM

PANIA

TyrrhenianSea

Strait ofMessina

Mediterranean

Sea

IonianSea

Adriatic

Sea

Tib

erR

Po R

ETRURIA

LATIUM

AFRICA

Rome

Carthage

Italy 500 BC





CarthaginiansKEY


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1214 PM Page 263

JAT_263

null

13374435














Virgil


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 264

JAT_264

null

15083011

















Etruscanjewelry


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

null

13996211












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

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275

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What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

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12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

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13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

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12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

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Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

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12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

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13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

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13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

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Nero 54ndash68 AD







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emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

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7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1














259


top flap only


Staple here

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32204 201 PM Page 259

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null

6708293

260






Main Topic


Important Details





mdashfrom page 278








are important

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32204 203 PM Page 260

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1896491




Read to Write

Main Topic



Roman law

Important Details

1

2

1

2

1

2

261



258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32404 147 AM Page 261

JAT_261

null

74710326





ITALY

AFRICASicily

Rome

650 BC 450 BC 250 BC650 BC 450 BC 250 BC













Etruscans

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27689786












N

S

W E

100 km0

100 mi0


10degE 15degE

40degN

45degN

A L P S

APENNIN

ES

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CAM

PANIA

TyrrhenianSea

Strait ofMessina

Mediterranean

Sea

IonianSea

Adriatic

Sea

Tib

erR

Po R

ETRURIA

LATIUM

AFRICA

Rome

Carthage

Italy 500 BC





CarthaginiansKEY


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1214 PM Page 263

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13374435














Virgil


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 264

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15083011

















Etruscanjewelry


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

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13996211












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

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6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

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13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

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9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

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1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

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12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1

260






Main Topic


Important Details





mdashfrom page 278








are important

258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32204 203 PM Page 260

JAT_260

null

1896491




Read to Write

Main Topic



Roman law

Important Details

1

2

1

2

1

2

261



258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32404 147 AM Page 261

JAT_261

null

74710326





ITALY

AFRICASicily

Rome

650 BC 450 BC 250 BC650 BC 450 BC 250 BC













Etruscans

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 214 PM Page 262

JAT_262

null

27689786












N

S

W E

100 km0

100 mi0


10degE 15degE

40degN

45degN

A L P S

APENNIN

ES

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CAM

PANIA

TyrrhenianSea

Strait ofMessina

Mediterranean

Sea

IonianSea

Adriatic

Sea

Tib

erR

Po R

ETRURIA

LATIUM

AFRICA

Rome

Carthage

Italy 500 BC





CarthaginiansKEY


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1214 PM Page 263

JAT_263

null

13374435














Virgil


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 264

JAT_264

null

15083011

















Etruscanjewelry


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

null

13996211












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1




Read to Write

Main Topic



Roman law

Important Details

1

2

1

2

1

2

261



258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 32404 147 AM Page 261

JAT_261

null

74710326





ITALY

AFRICASicily

Rome

650 BC 450 BC 250 BC650 BC 450 BC 250 BC













Etruscans

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 214 PM Page 262

JAT_262

null

27689786












N

S

W E

100 km0

100 mi0


10degE 15degE

40degN

45degN

A L P S

APENNIN

ES

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CAM

PANIA

TyrrhenianSea

Strait ofMessina

Mediterranean

Sea

IonianSea

Adriatic

Sea

Tib

erR

Po R

ETRURIA

LATIUM

AFRICA

Rome

Carthage

Italy 500 BC





CarthaginiansKEY


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1214 PM Page 263

JAT_263

null

13374435














Virgil


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 264

JAT_264

null

15083011

















Etruscanjewelry


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

null

13996211












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1





ITALY

AFRICASicily

Rome

650 BC 450 BC 250 BC650 BC 450 BC 250 BC













Etruscans

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 214 PM Page 262

JAT_262

null

27689786












N

S

W E

100 km0

100 mi0


10degE 15degE

40degN

45degN

A L P S

APENNIN

ES

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CAM

PANIA

TyrrhenianSea

Strait ofMessina

Mediterranean

Sea

IonianSea

Adriatic

Sea

Tib

erR

Po R

ETRURIA

LATIUM

AFRICA

Rome

Carthage

Italy 500 BC





CarthaginiansKEY


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1214 PM Page 263

JAT_263

null

13374435














Virgil


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 264

JAT_264

null

15083011

















Etruscanjewelry


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

null

13996211












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1












N

S

W E

100 km0

100 mi0


10degE 15degE

40degN

45degN

A L P S

APENNIN

ES

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CAM

PANIA

TyrrhenianSea

Strait ofMessina

Mediterranean

Sea

IonianSea

Adriatic

Sea

Tib

erR

Po R

ETRURIA

LATIUM

AFRICA

Rome

Carthage

Italy 500 BC





CarthaginiansKEY


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1214 PM Page 263

JAT_263

null

13374435














Virgil


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 264

JAT_264

null

15083011

















Etruscanjewelry


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

null

13996211












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1














Virgil


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 264

JAT_264

null

15083011

















Etruscanjewelry


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

null

13996211












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1

















Etruscanjewelry


262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 223 PM Page 265

JAT_265

null

13996211












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1












using it




cloth



Stock Montage

262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 32204 224 PM Page 266

JAT_266

null

14241786













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1













What Did You Learn










262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 31705 1215 PM Page 267

JAT_267

null

6525443












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1












ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

450 BC 300 BC 150 BC450 BC 300 BC 150 BC





268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 234 PM Page 268

JAT_268

null

13740446










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1










N

S

W E

500 km

500 mi0



40degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

A F R I C A Sicily

Crete

Sardinia

Corsica

A LP S

PYRENEES

APPENNINES

Cyprus

Rhodes

ASIAMINOR

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic

Sea

Black Sea

Nile

R

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

SPAIN

SYRIA

Rome

Carthage

NewCarthage

Corinth





Rome 500 BC



KEY

Mic

hael

Hol

ford

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 237 PM Page 269

JAT_269

null

9278609














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1














Roman soldiers


268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 239 PM Page 270

JAT_270

null

1578316











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1











The

Art

Arc

hive

Arc

heol

ogic

al M

useu

m B

eiru

tDag

li O

rti

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 241 PM Page 271

JAT_271

null

10286883

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1

LUCIUS QUINCTIUS


































the enemy







Nor

th W

ind

Pic

ture

Arc

hive

s

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32404 211 AM Page 272















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1















268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 32204 244 PM Page 273

JAT_273

null

12914665












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1












N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0


10degW

20degE 30degE

40degE

40degN

30degN

N

A F R I C A

Sicily

Crete CyprusRhodes

Sardinia

Corsica

ASIAMINOR

A L P SPYRENEES

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Po R

Danube R

Tiber R

Adriatic Sea

Nile

R

EGYPT

SYRIA

GREECE

MACEDONIAITALY

GAUL

SPAINRome

CorinthCarthage

Zama

CannaeNew

Carthage






KEY

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71404 656 PM Page 274

JAT_274

null

9121882








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1








275

268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 71504 506 PM Page 275

JAT_275

null

9931636












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1












What Did You Learn



RomeInvadesSicily








268-276 Ch8 S2-824133 31705 1217 PM Page 276

JAT_276

null

12319104



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1



RepublicRepublic




MINOR

GAUL

ITALY

GREECE

SPAIN Rome

100 BC 60 BC 20 BC100 BC 60 BC 20 BC












Main Idea



F

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 429 PM Page 277

JAT_277

null

13583711















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1















277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 259 PM Page 278

JAT_278

null

12371346














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1














277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 32204 301 PM Page 279

JAT_279

null

17617136















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1















Pompey

Caesar

Crassus




277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1219 PM Page 280

JAT_280

null

12632557












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM Page 281

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null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

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14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

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12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1












(l)S

uper

Sto

ck

(c)M

useo

e G

alle

rie N

azio

nali

di C

apod

imon

te

Nap

les

Ita

lyB

ridge

man

Art

Lib

rary

(r

)Mar

y E

vans

Pic

ture

Lib

rary

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1220 PM 1

JAT_281

null

13337862



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1



















Cicero

BettmannCORBIS

277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1223 PM Page 282

JAT_282

null

13478935













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM 0

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1













What Did You Learn











277-283 Ch8 S3-824133 31705 1224 PM Page 283

JAT_283

null

7951657

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1

284














and strategy





ernment positions


Roman nobles


Rome



republic



Rome






Great Reformer


284

Nim

atal

lah

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 805 PM Page 284

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1

285

AmbitiousDictator












republic





with cruelty








intelligent



Julius Caesar





Brid

gem

an A

rt L

ibra

ry

284-285 Ch8 YD-824133 32204 806 PM Page 285

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1

The The












Causes Effects

AD 14Augustus dies



BRITAIN

GAULITALY GREECE

EGYPT

SPAIN

PALESTINE

Rome

AD 10 AD 110 AD 210AD 10 AD 110 AD 210


286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 808 PM Page 286

JAT_286

null

138971815















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1















286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 809 PM Page 287

JAT_287

null

14607536















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1















Nero 54ndash68 AD







286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1225 PM Page 288

JAT_288

null

12595988







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1







emperor




























Rome

289

Augustus








286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 811 PM Page 289
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1
















Mt Vesuvius today


290

(l)S

eam

us C

ullig

anZ

UM

AC

OR

BIS

(r

)Jon

atha

n B

lair

CO

RB

IS

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 71504 518 PM Page 290

JAT_290

null

7585962










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1










to the city of Rome


Roman aqueduct

Ric

Erg

enbr

ight

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32204 815 PM Page 291

JAT_291

null

1046973


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1


N

S

WE


500 mi0

40degN

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage

N

S

WE


500 mi0

40N

ASIAMINOR

Black Sea

Mediterranean Sea

SPAIN

ITALY

GREECE

Rome

Carthage



works



orphans






TrajanAD 98ndash117







NervaAD 96ndash98


understand




Roman law





286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1227 PM Page 292

JAT_292

null

7068764






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1






From China

FromIndia

From

Afric

a

N

S

WE

500 km

500 mi0



60degE

40degN

30degN

50degN

AFRICA

ASIAMINOR

SPICES

SPICES

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea

Caspian

Sea

NorthSea

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Adriatic Sea

Rh

ine

R Danube R

TigrisR

Euphrates R

Nile

R

RedSea

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

CreteCyprus

HadrianrsquosWall

GAUL

SPAIN

BRITAIN

ITALY

GREECE

SYRIA

PALESTINE


Sidon

Byzantium

Athens

PuteoliOstia

Rome

Carthage

MassaliaTarraco




Roman EmpireAD 200

Trade route

GlasswareGrain

HorsesMarbleMetals

Olive oil

SPICES

PerfumeSilk


Wine

WoolTraded goods

KEY

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 32604 617 PM Page 293

JAT_293

null

64836464












What Did You Learn










(tl)B

W

ilson

Anc

ient

Art

amp A

rchi

tect

ure

Col

lect

ion

(tr

)Eric

h Le

ssin

gA

rt R

esou

rce

NY

(ot

hers

)The

New

ark

Mus

eum

Art

Res

ourc

e N

Y

286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

null

8280783


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















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What Did You Learn










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ilson

Anc

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Art

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Col

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286-294 Ch8 S4-824133 31705 1229 PM Page 294

JAT_294

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The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

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Button1


The Early Empire

The Roman Republic


Section

Section

Section

Section






(page 263)













Roman consul

Michael Holford

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32604 644 PM Page 295


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1


making a T-chart









ing the Pax Romana
















295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 32204 829 PM Page 296














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Button1














N

S

W E


500 mi0

40degN

30degN

10degE

0deg

20degE 30degE

ASIAMINOR

Rhine

R

Danu be

R

Tigris

REuphratesR

Nile

R

Black Sea

NorthSea

Mediterranean Sea

Red S

eaC

aspianSea

HadrianrsquosWall

BRITAIN

GAULITALY

GREECE

EGYPT

AFRICA

SPAIN

SYRIAPALESTINE

Rome

Carthage Actium

AnalyzeAnalyze








KEY

Growth of Rome

295-297 Ch8 CRA-824133 72104 1148 AM Page 297



Table of Contents





Focus on Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Be an Active Reader


Scavenger Hunt


World Political

World Physical








Europe Political


Africa Political

Africa Physical

Asia Political



Antarctica Physical





From Globes to Maps


Parts of Maps

Types of Maps




Measuring Time

Organizing Time




Links Across Time
























Unit 1 Review
































Unit 2 Review































Unit 3 Review



























Section 2 Feudalism






Unit 4 Review

























Unit 5 Review

Appendix

What Is an Appendix




Suggested Readings

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Gazetteer

Index


Features

Primary Source


World Literature

Biography





You Decide



Student Workbooks

































































Section 2 Feudalism









































































































































Section 2 Feudalism


































Chapit 16 Amerik yo





















































































Spanish Summaries





















Workbook Overview




















Help

Internet Link

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Button1

Chapter 8: The Rise of Rome - cloudfront.net

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Transcript of Chapter 8: The Rise of Rome - cloudfront.net

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