Automated speed enforcement in the Netherlands

Charles GoldenbeldJuly 2nd 2012, Leidschendam

Automated speed enforcement in the Netherlands




Contents presentation

•Speed and crashes•Theory behind enforcement•Estimated accident reduction•Speed enforcement in the Netherlands

•Camera systems in the Netherlands•Implementation•Conclusions



Speed and crashes

• 33% of fatal crashes is (partly) caused by excessive or inappropriate speed (OECD/ECMT, 2006).

• driving 5 km/hour faster than speed limit doubles crash risk; exceeding the speed limit by 10 km/hour quadruples crash risk rate and by 15 km/hour increases crash risk more than ten times (Kloeden, 1997).



Theory behind police enforcementTheory of deterrence

Improving safetyImproving safety Other external influences:?infrastructure design?behaviour of others?vehicle characteristics?rule characteristics?driver training?societal trend?incidental fluctuations

Other external influences:?infrastructure design?behaviour of others?vehicle characteristics?rule characteristics?driver training?societal trend?incidental fluctuations

Deterring rule violation: general and

specific


specific

Subjective probability of getting caught


Objective probability of getting caught / enforcement pressure


Enforcement activitiesEnforcement activities

LegislationLegislation Terms of reference / activity programme

Terms of reference / activity programme

Influence of effect of measure:?co-operation judicial

and administrative sectors?communication with citizen?traffic area

characteristics?et cetera




Improving safetyImproving safety Other external influences:?infrastructure design?behaviour of others?vehicle characteristics?rule characteristics?driver training?societal trend?incidental fluctuations

Other external influences:-infrastructure design-behaviour of others-vehicle characteristics-rule characteristics-driver training-societal trend-incidental fluctuations


specific


specific





Enforcement activitiesEnforcement activities

LegislationLegislation Terms of reference / activity programme

Terms of reference / activity programme




Influence of effect of measure:- co-operation

judicial and adminstrative

- communication with citizen- traffic area characteristics - road characteristics

sector



Estimated accident reduction speed checks. Meta-analysis PEPPER (2008)

Practice Accident reduction

95% confidence interval

Speed cameras -34% -27; -41Stationary controls with separate team for stopping offenders

-26% -22; -29

Composite controls -8% +5; -19Moving patrol with marked car

-6% +4; -16

Radar laser: same car detects and apprehends

-1% +3; -5

Overall -18% -13; -23



Police enforcement in Netherlands

• Policy resorts under Ministry of Safety and Justice

• 25 police regions• >40.000 police officers• Traffic enforcement is one of basic policing tasks• Special motorway police (KLPD)• In each region special traffic enforcement teams (25-27 persons) focuses on 5 spearheads of enforcement: 1. speed, 2. alcohol, 3. seat belt,

4. red light negation, 5. helmet use



Speed enforcement in the Netherlands

Four main methods of speed enforcement in the Netherlands: •automatic speed checks using fixed or mobile speed cameras, not apprehending offenders; •mobile speed checks with apprehending offenders; •mobile surveillances and apprehending speed offenders; •average speed checks in which the average speed of all passing vehicles along a particular road section is determined (also known as section controls).



Automated enforcement in the Netherlands 2011

Devices Number

Digital speed cameras 180

Analog speed cameras 400

Red light/speed cameras

600

Section control systems

11



Implementation issues camera enforcement

• Political support on highest levels• Clear management and accountability• Enforcement plan (strategic, tactical, operational)

• Choice of camera locations based on clear criteria• Pilot testing• Communication/publicity• Efficient fast processing of traffic violations• Fast and fair penalties• Evaluation of speed and crash effects at camera sites on a regular basis



Conclusions automated speed enforcement

• Strong but – in time and space - limited speed and crash effects of camera enforcement

• Importance of good choice of camera locations

• Importance of the use of (local) publicity as support measure

• Good planning & management needed



Thanks for your attention!and drive carefully ….

Automated speed enforcement in the Netherlands

Documents

Transcript of Automated speed enforcement in the Netherlands