iii

AN ANALYSIS OF CLITICS IN THE NOVEL ALLEGIANT BY

VERONICA ROTH

SKRIPSI

Presented to the University of Muria Kudus

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing

the Sarjana Program in the Department of English Education

By

Lina Karuniawati

NIM 201532084

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2019

iv

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO

“Learn a lot, do it now and do it well. Satisfaction will come to you.”

DEDICATION

This skripsi is dedicated to:

Her beloved mother, Mrs.

Muntamah for her pray, love,

and support.

Her beloved brother and

sisters, for their support.

All of her best friends who

give the motivation and

accompany in sharing the

idea.

v

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the Skripsi of Lina Karuniawati (201532084) has been

approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining

Committee.

Kudus, 3th

of August 2019

Advisor I

Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.

NIDN. 0019126201

Advisor II

Aisyah Ririn Perwikasih Utari, S.S, M.Pd.

NIDN. 0628018502

Acknowledge by

The Head of English Education Department

Nuraeningsih, S.Pd., M.Pd.

NIDN. 0612077901

vi

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that skripsi of Lina Karuniawati (201532084) has been reviewed

by the Examining Committee as a requirement for research.

Kudus, 4th

of July 2019

Examining Committee:

Dr. Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd. , Chairperson

NIDN. 0622067301

Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, S.S, M. Pd. , Member

NIDN. 0607037804

Aisyah Ririn P. Utari, S.S, M.Pd , Member

NIDN. 0628018502

Acknowledged by

Head English Education Department

The Fuculty of Teacher Training and Education

Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M. Pd.

NIDN. 061207790

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

For the first, the researcher wants to deliver her great thanks to Allah SWT

for His bless, so the researcher so is able to finish her skripsi entitled “An

Analysis of Clitics in the Novel Allegiant by Veronica Roth” in order to fulfill the

requirement of S-1 degree in English Education Department of Teacher Training

and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.

The writer also wants to express her sincere thanks to a lot of people who

have provided motivation, advice, support and guidance in completing this

skripsi, they are:

1. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education

Faculty of Muria Kudus University and as the first advisor who gives

correction and advices in finishing this research. .

2. Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department

of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.

3. Aisyah Ririn P. Utari, S.S, M.Pd as the second advisor who gives

correction and advices in finishing this research.

4. All of the lecturers of English Education Department of Teacher Training

and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.

5. The researcher’s beloved parents and family for their pray and support to

finish her final project.

6. All of the writer’s friends especially at Idola Kost who always accompany

to finish and share the idea.

Finally, the researcher hopes the criticism and suggestion from the readers

to make this skripsi be perfect. But, the researcher hopes that this skripsi will be

useful for those especially who are want to study with this topic.

Kudus, 2nd

of August 2019

Lina Karuniawati

viii

ABSTRACT

Karuniawati, Lina. 2019. An Analysis of Clitics in the Novel Allegiant by Veronica

Roth. Skripsi: English Education Department of Teacher Training and

Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Dr. Drs.

Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. (ii) Aisyah Ririn P. Utari, S.S, M.Pd.

Keyword: Language, Clitic, Allegiant Novel

Language is needed for the people to communication. It is used to express

and deliver the meaning through texts, both in written and spoken. Sometimes, the

people face the difficulty when found the word even the sentence in different

forms than regular form. In English language, which one has different form is

clitics.

A clitic is a word or part of a word that is structurally dependent on its host

and cannot stand on its own. Study clitics it is also important to support in

understanding of language used. It is caused clitics which belonging to the

structure of the morpheme and syntax.

The researcher was analyzed clitics in the Novel Allegiant by Veronica

Roth. In this research, the researcher used descriptive qualitative research method

to find out the types and the functions of English clitic. The source of data for this

research is Chapter II (Tobias) of Allegiant Novel by Veronica Roth, whereas the

data for the research comprise the sentences included the dialogues that contain

English clitics.

The researcher found 47 clitics in whole Chapter II (Tobias). It was found

two types of clitics which consists of in number one proclitic and 46 enclitics.

Whereas was found three clitic functions. There were verbal function for the word

has six variants encompassed (..„d, ..‟m, ..‟s, ..‟re, ..‟ve, ..‟ll) in number 27

enclitics, adverbial function (n‟t) in number 15 enclitics, and prepositional

function for the word has two variants encompassed (o‟.., genitive (s)) in number

five clitics, there were four as enclitic and only one as proclitic. From the

conclusion of this research, the researcher suggests for the readers to interest in

evolving this topic, and this research hopefully would be useful for the English

lecturer, English students and other researcher who’s interested in analyzing

English clitics.

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ABSTRAK

Karuniawati, Lina. 2019. Sebuah Analisis Klitik di Novel Allegiant oleh Veronica

Roth. Skripsi: Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu

Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (i) Dr. Drs.

Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. (ii) Aisyah Ririn P. Utari, S.S, M.Pd.

Kata Kunci: Bahasa, Klitik, Novel Allegiant

Bahasa dibutuhkan oleh orang-orang untuk berkomunikasi. Sedangkan

komunikasi digunakan untuk mengungkapkan dan menyampaikan makna melalui

teks, baik dalam bentuk tertulis maupun lisan. Terkadang, orang-orang

menghadapi kesulitan ketika menemui bentuk-bentuk kata bahkan kalimat dalam

bentuk yang berbeda daripada bentuk biasanya. Dalam Bahasa Inggris, salah satu

bentuk tersebut adalah klitik.

Sebuah klitik merupakan suatu kata atau bagian dari suatu kata yang mana

dari segi susunannya bergantung pada kata yang dilekati dan tidak bisa berdiri

sendiri. Mempelajari klitik juga penting untuk mendukung dalam pemahaman

terhadap bahasa yang digunakan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan klitik merupakan

termasuk susunan dari morfem dan sintak.

Peneliti menganalisis klitik di Novel Allegiant oleh Veronica Roth. Dalam

penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif untuk

mengetahui jenis dan fungsi klitik Bahasa Inggris. Sumber data pada penelitian ini

adalah Bab II (Tobias) Novel Allegiant oleh Veronica Roth, di mana data

penelitian terdiri dari kalimat-kalimat mencakup dialog yang terdapat klitik

Bahasa Inggris.

Peneliti menemukan 47 klitik yang ada di seluruh Bab II (Tobias).

Ditemukan dua jenis klitik yang terdiri dari satu proklitik dan 46 enklitik. Di mana

ditemukan tiga fungsi klitik. Terdiri dari fungsi sebagai kata kerja bantu dengan

enam bentuk yang berbeda meliputi (..„d, ..‟m, ..‟s, ..‟re, ..‟ve, ..‟ll) berjumlah 27

enklitik, fungsi sebagai kata keterangan (n‟t) berjumlah 15 enklitik, dan fungsi

sebagai kata depan yang memiliki dua bentuk yang berbeda meliputi (o‟.., genitif

(s)) berjumlah lima klitik, ada empat sebagai enklitik dan hanya ada satu sebagai

proklitik. Dari kesimpulan penelitian ini, peneliti menyarankan kepada para

pembaca untuk tertarik dalam mengembangkan topik ini, dan penelitian ini

diharapkan akan bermanfaat untuk dosen dan mahasiswa bahasa Inggris, dan

peneliti lainnya yang tertarik dalam mengkaji klitik Bahasa Inggris.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER ........................................................................................................... i

LOGO .............................................................................................................. ii

TITLE ............................................................................................................. iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... iv

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................ v

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ......................................................................... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. vii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... viii

ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... x

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xi

LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... xii

LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................... xiii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Research ..................................................................... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................... 2

1.3 Objective of the Research ......................................................................... 3

1.4 Significance of the Research ..................................................................... 3

1.5 Limitation of the Research ........................................................................ 3

1.6 Operational Definition .............................................................................. 3

CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE .......................... 5

2.1 Morphology ................................................................................................

2.1.1 Morphosyntax .................................................................................. 5

2.1.2 Clitic ................................................................................................. 6

2.2 Allegiant Novel .......................................................................................... 12

2.3 Review of Previous Research..................................................................... 12

2.4 Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 14

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ....................................... 16

3.1 Research Design ......................................................................................... 16

3.2 Source of the Data ...................................................................................... 16

3.3 Data Collection Procedure ......................................................................... 17

3.4 Data Analysis ............................................................................................. 17

CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH ....................................... 19

4.1 The Types of Clitic in Allegiant Novel ...................................................... 19

4.2 The Functions of Clitic in Allegiant Novel ................................................ 20

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION ......................................................................... 23

5.1 Clitic Constructor Elements with Cliticization in Allegiant Novel ............ 23

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................... 31

6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................. 31

6.2 Suggestion .................................................................................................. 32

REFERENCES ............................................................................................... 33

APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 35

STATEMENT ................................................................................................. 47

CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................ 48

xii

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

4.1 The Number of Clitic Types Found in Chapter II (Tobias) of

Allegiant Novel by Veronica Roth ............................................................ 19

4.2 The Number of Clitic Functions Found in Chapter II (Tobias) of

Allegiant Novel by Veronica Roth ............................................................ 20

xiii

LIST OF THE FIGURES

Figure Page

2.1 The Structures of Morpheme ..................................................................... 8

2.2 Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 14

xiv

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page

1. The Text of Novel Allegiant by Veronica Roth in Chapter II

(Tobias) ................................................................................................ 21

2. The Types of Clitic Found in Chapter II (Tobias) of Allegiant

Novel .................................................................................................... 24

3. The Functions of Clitic Found in Chapter II (Tobias) of Allegiant

Novel .................................................................................................... 25

4. Penetapan Pembimbing Skripsi............................................................ 42

5. Keterangan Selesai Bimbingan Skripsi ................................................ 43

6. Permohonan Ujian Skripsi ................................................................... 44

7. Kartu Bimbingan .................................................................................. 45