Advanced Science Letters

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Advanced Science LettersISSN: 1936-6612 (Print): EISSN: 1936-7317 (Online)Copyright © 2000-2022 American Scientific Publishers. All Rights Reserved.

ADVANCED SCIENCE LETTERS is a multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal with a very wide-ranging coverage,consolidates fundamental and applied research activities by publishing proceedings from international scientific,technical and medical conferences in all areas of (1) Physical Sciences, (2) Engineering, (3) BiologicalSciences/Health Sciences, (4) Medicine, (5) Computer and Information Sciences, (6) Mathematical Sciences, (7)Agriculture Science and Engineering, (8) Geosciences, and (9) Energy/Fuels/Environmental/Green Science andEngineering, and (10) Education, Social Sciences and Public Policies. This journal publishes both generalresearch articles by individual authors as well as conference proceedings.

Editor-in-Chief: Professor Ahmad Umar

MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION:Submit manuscript online to the Manuscript Tracking System

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Advanced Science LettersISSN: 1936-6612 (Print): EISSN: 1936-7317 (Online)Copyright © 2000-2022 American Scientific Publishers. All Rights Reserved.

EDITORIAL BOARD

EDITOR-IN-CHIEFProfessor Ahmad UmarDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science and ArtsPromising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED)Najran University, P.O. Box: 1988, Najran 11001, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaPhone: +966-534-574-597Fax: +966-7-5442-135Email: [email protected]

ASIAN EDITORDr. Katsuhiko Ariga, PhDAdvanced Materials LaboratoryNational Institute for Materials Science1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, JAPAN

ASSOCIATE EDITORSDiederik Aerts (Quantum theory, Cognition, Evolution theory)Brussels Free University, Belgium.

Yakir Aharonov (Physics, Quantum Physics)School of Physics and Astronomy, Israel.

Peter C. Aichelburg (Gravitation)University of Vienna, Austria.

Jim Al-Khalili (Foundations of Physics, Nuclear Reaction Theory)University of Surrey, UK.

Jake Blanchard (Engineering Physics, Nuclear Engineering)University of Wisconsin–Madison, USA.

Simon Baron-Cohen (Cognitive Neuroscience)University of Cambridge, UK.

Franz X. Bogner (Cognitive Achievement)University of Bayreuth, Germany.

John Borneman (Anthropology)Princeton University, USA.

John Casti (Complexity Science)Internationales Institut für Angewandte Systemanalyse, Austria.

Masud Chaichian (High Energy Physics, String Theory)University of Helsink, Finland.

Sergey V. Chervon(Gravitation, Cosmology, Astrophysics)Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Russia

Kevin Davey (Philosophy of Science)University of Chicago, Chicago, USA.

Tania Dey (Colloids/Polymers/Nanohybrids)Canada.

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Roland Eils (Bioinformatics)Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Heidelberg, Germany.

Thomas Görnitz (Quantum theory, Cosmology)University of Frankfurt, Germany.

Bert Gordijn (Nanoethics, Neuroethics, Bioethics)Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Ji-Huan He (Textile Engineering, Functional Materials)Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

Nongyue He (Biosensors/Biomaterials)China.

Irving P. Herman (Materials and Solid State Physics)Columbia University, USA.

Dipankar Home (Foundations of Quantum Mechanics)Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.

Jucundus Jacobeit (Climate, Global Change Ecology)University of Augsburg, Germany.

Yuriy A. Knirel (Bioorganic Chemistry)N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russia.

Arthur Konnerth (Neurophysiology, Molecular Mechanisms)University of Munich, Germany.

G. A. Kourouklis (Physics Solid State Physics)Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece.

Peter Krammer (Genetics)Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Heidelberg, Germany.

Andrew F. Laine (Biomedical Engineering)Columbia University, USA.

Minbo Lan (Organic Functional Materials)China.

Martha Lux-Steiner (Physics, Materials Science)Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin, Germany.

Klaus Mainzer (Complex Systems, Computational Mind, Philosophy of Science)University of Augsburg, Germany.

JoAnn E. Manson (Medicine, Cardiovascular Disease)Harvard University, USA.

Mark P. Mattson (Neuroscience)National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, USA.

Lucio Mayer (Astrophysics, Cosmology)ETH Zürich, Switzerland.

Karl Menten (Radioastromy)Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastromie, Germany.

Yoshiko Miura (Biomaterials/Biosensors)Japan.

Fred M. Mueller (Solid State Physics)



Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA.

Garth Nicolson (Illness Research, Cancer Cell Biology)The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, USA.

Nina Papavasiliou (DNA Mutators, Microbial Virulence, Antiviral Defence, Adaptive Immunity, Surface Receptor Variation)The Rockefeller University, New York, USA.

Panos Photinos (Physics)Southern Oregon University, USA.

Zhiyong Qian (Biomedical Engineering, Biomaterials, Drug Delivery)Sichuan University, CHINA.

Reinhard Schlickeiser (Astrophysics, Plasma Theory and Space Science)Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany.

Surinder Singh (Sensors/Nanotechnology)USA.

Suprakas Sinha Ray (Composites/Polymer Science)South Africa.

Koen Steemers (Architechture, Environmental Building Performance)University of Cambridge, UK.

Shinsuke Tanabe (Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology)Ehime University, Japan.

James R. Thompson (Solid State Physics)The University of Tennessee, USA.

Uwe Ulbrich (Climat, Meteorology)Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.

Ahmad Umar (Advanced Materials)Najran University, Saudi Arabia.

Frans de Waal (Animal Behavior and Cognition)Emory University, USA.

EDITORIAL BOARDFilippo Aureli, Liverpool John Moores University, UKMarcel Ausloos, Université de Liège, BelgiumMartin Bojowald, Pennsylvania State University, USASougato Bose, University College, London, UKJacopo Buongiorno, MIT, USAPaul Cordopatis, University of Patras, GreeceMaria Luisa Dalla Chiara, University of Firenze, ItalyDionysios Demetriou Dionysiou, University of Cincinnati, USASimon Eidelman, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, RussiaNorbert Frischauf, QASAR Technologies, Vienna, AustriaToshi Futamase, Tohoku University, JapanLeonid Gavrilov, University of Chicago, USAVincent G. Harris, Northeastern University, USAMae-Wan Ho, Open University, UKKeith Hutchison, University of Melbourne, AustraliaDavid Jishiashvili, Georgian Technical University, GeorgiaGeorge Khushf, University of South Carolina, USASergei Kulik, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, RussiaHarald Kunstmann, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, GermanyAlexander Lebedev, Laboratory of Semiconductor Devices Physics, RussiaJames Lindesay, Howard University, USAMichael Lipkind, Kimron Veterinary Institute, IsraelNigel Mason, Open University, UK



Johnjoe McFadden, University of Surrey, UKB. S. Murty, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, IndiaShahab A. A. Nami, Aligarh Muslim University, IndiaHeiko Paeth, Geographisches Institut der Universität Würzburg, GermanyMatteo Paris, Universita' di Milano, ItaliaDavid Posoda, University of Vigo, SpainPaddy H. Regan, University of Surrey, UKLeonidas Resvanis, University of Athens, GreeceWolfgang Rhode, University of Dortmund, GermanyDerek C. Richardson, University of Maryland, USACarlos Romero, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, BrazilAndrea Sella, University College London, London, UKP. Shankar, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, IndiaSurya Singh, Imperial College London, UKLeonidas Sotiropoulos, University of Patras, GreeceRoger Strand, University of Bergen, NorwayKarl Svozil, Technische Universität Wien, AuastriaKit Tan, University of Copenhagen, DenmarkRoland Triay, Centre de Physique Theorique, CNRS, Marseille, FranceRami Vainio, University of Helsinki, FinlandVictor Voronov, Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Dubna, RussiaAndrew Whitaker, Queen's University Belfast, Northern IrelandLijian Xu, Hunan University of Technology, ChinaAlexander Yefremov, Peoples Friendship University of Russia, RussiaAvraam Zelilidis, University of Patras, GreeceAlexander V. Zolotaryuk, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Ukraine

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1/7/22, 1:48 PM American Scientific Publishers - ADVANCED SCIENCE LETTERS

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ADVANCED SCIENCE LETTERS Volume 23, Number 12 (December 2017) pp.11635-13233A SPECIAL SECTIONSelected Peer-Reviewed Articles from the First International Joint Conference on Science and Technology(IJCST 2016), Bali, Indonesia, 12–13 October, 2016Guest Editors: A. P. Bayuseno, Bill Atweh, Wolfgang W. Schmahl, Jamari, and Sheng ZhangAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11635–11636 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

RESEARCH ARTICLESLand Requirement for Food in Ngawi RegencyAgus SutedjoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11637–11640 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Spasio-Temporal Variability of the Vegetation Cover Density in the Gunungsewu Karst Landscape Based onLandsat 8 OLI DataEko BudiyantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11641–11644 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Juridical Issues of Foreign Labor in Asean Economic Community EraArinto NugrohoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11645–11648 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Media to Counter Radicalization: A Case Study at Islamic (Boarding) SchoolsTsuroyyaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11649–11653 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Social and Personal Factors to Become Elementary TeacherDanang Tandyonomanu, Tsuroyya, and Awang DharmawanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11654–11657 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Study of the Factors That Influence the Community to Survive Living in the Disaster AreaIta Mardiani Zain, Sulistinah, and Drianda Immanuel PrasetyaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11658–11661 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Development of Tourism in Kediri Regency Destination as the Local and NationalSri Murtini and L. SudaryonoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11662–11665 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Democratic Society in the Local Wisdom: Citizen Participatory Activity in the Environmental MovementMaya Mustika Kartika SariAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11666–11669 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Increasing the Productivity of Chips Manufacturers Through Utilization of Chip Raw Materials Chopperand Oil Drying MachineSukma Perdana PrasetyaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11670–11673 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Jokowi’s Political Branding for the Victory of the PresidentAgus Machfud FauziAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11674–11677 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Carrying Capacity Ratio (CCR) Analysis of Meteoric Water Resources at the Middle East Java RegionBambang HariyantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11678–11682 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Social Media and Spiritual Content: A Descriptive Analysis of Facebook and SalingSapa.comVinda Maya SetianingrumAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11683–11686 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

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Behavior of Bonek Supporters in the Perspective Subculture of ViolenceRr. Nanik SetyowatiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11687–11691 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Strengthening Educational Function of Family Welfare Empowerment Movement: Educational Aids onGender for DemocracyOksiana JatiningsihAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11692–11696 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Revitalization of Traditional Market Based on Deliberative Democracy ConceptAgus PrastyawanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11697–11701 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Building Students’ Multicultural Values Through Citizenship Education to Create a Democratic SocietyTotok Suyanto, Rr. Nanik Setyowati, and Made PramonoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11702–11705 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Role of Organization Culture Performance for Primary School TeachersSuharningsihAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11706–11709 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Effective Self-Management Affect the Performance of Teacher Primary SchoolMurtedjoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11710–11714 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Religion Spirit to the Development of Modern Science; Synergies Between Reason and RevelationM. Turhan YaniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11715–11718 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Mediation Over Disputes Between Indigenous People and Industrial Plantation Forest Businessmen in IndonesiaTamsil and Mahendra WardhanaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11719–11722 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Legal Protection of Traditional Knowledge, Recognition and Certainty of Property Protection of TraditionalKnowledge of Indigenous PeoplesIndri Fogar Susilowati and Budi HermonoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11723–11726 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Legal Protection for Victims of Bullying in the Learning Process in Terms of EpistemologyNurul Hikmah and Pudji AstutiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11727–11730 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Rethinking on Criminalizing of Defamation (Evaluation of Criminal Policy)Emmilia Rusdiana and Pudji AstutiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11731–11734 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Manuscript Controversy Issue Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie Kediri (Historical Studies)Wisnu, SeptinaAlrianingrum, and ArtonoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11735–11738 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Messianic Figures in the Late Period of Majapahit: An Anthropological Approach in Historical Archaeology IssuesY. Hanan Pamungkas, Agus Trilaksana, and SumarnoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11739–11743 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Existence of Nation: Indonesian Football in Melbourne Olympics 1956Rojil Nugroho Bayu Aji, Eko Satriya Hermawan, and RiyadiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 11744–11747 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Needs-Based Poverty Reduction in Rural AreasSugeng Harianto













































A Multiple-Objective Ant Colony Algorithm for Optimizing Disaster Relief LogisticsJohan Reimon Batmetan, Alb. Joko Santoso, and PranowoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2344–2347 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Optimation of the Agricultural Land with Potential Mapping Based on the Characteristics of the LandWindi Eka Yulia Retnani and Saiful BukhoriAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2348–2350 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Implementation of Dangerous Gas Detection Equipment Co Security on Cars Using Fuzzy Logic Smartphonewith Information and Data LoggerSlamet Widodo and Ahyar SupaniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2351–2353 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Model and Prototype Application Performance Measurement Based on Collaboration of Higher Education StandardsR. Reza El Akbar and Muhammad Adi Khairul AnsharyAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2354–2357 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Evaluation of Community-Based Environmental Sanitation Program Implementation in Bima MunicipalityArif Budiman, HennaRyaSunoko, and Onny SetianiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2358–2360 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Total Organic Matter Profile in Shrimp-Seaweeds Polyculture SystemMunifatul IzzatiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2361–2363 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Drying Kinetics of Paddy in Fluidized Bed with Immersed Heating ElementSuherman Suherman, Muhammad Djaeni, and Andri Cahyo KumoroAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2364–2366 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Technical and Economic Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle System Using Low-Temperature Source toGenerate Electricity in ShipAkram Faisal, Taufik Fajar Nugroho, and Wolfgang BusseAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2367–2369 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Modeling of Photon Absorption Based Colour Dye for High Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)Jatmiko Endro Suseno, Asep Yoyo Wardaya, and Ali KhumaeniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2370–2372 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Clustering Based Optimal Sizing and Placement of PV-DG Using Neural NetworkRiny Sulistyowati, Dedet Candra Riawan, and Mochamad AshariAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2373–2375 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Clean Coal Technology Using Dens Medium Cyclone and MagnetiteIsworo PujotomoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2376–2378 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Study Analysis of Solar Energy Potential Map in West SumbawaHeri SuyantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2379–2382 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Distribution Model 1-D of Concentration on Chemical Oxygen Demandin Waste Stabilization PondsSunarsih, Dwi P. Sasongko, and SutrisnoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2383–2385 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Detergent Concentrate and Carwash Water Residue Purity Using Charcoal, Rock, and Sand as FilterIksiroh El Husna, U. D. Yan El Rizal, and Henna R. SunokoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2386–2388 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Automated Software Testing System Using Multi-Agent System Characteristics ApproachHendra Yufit Riskiawan and Azhari













































Adv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2389–2391 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Design of Augmented Reality Android-Based Application as Object Introduction Media Learning to the ChildrenFahrobby AdnanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2392–2394 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

A Motorcycle Monitor and Control System for Teenager RidersEko Didik Widianto, Khoirunisa Waskitaningrum, and Rizal IsnantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2395–2397 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

RFID Sensor for Automated Prediction of Reorder Point (ROP) Values in a Vendor Management Inventory (VMI)System Using Fuzzy Time SeriesSuryono Suryono, Jatmiko Endro Suseso, Chamdan Mashuri, Alzena Dona Sabila, Joanna Ardianti Mita Nugraha,and Mara Huriga PrimasiwiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2398–2400 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Analysis Business Architecture Study Case: Medical Colleges in PurwokertoI. Nyoman Yudi Anggara Wijaya and Djoko Budiyanto SetyohadiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2401–2403 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Small Scale Gold Mining in Banyumas Central Java IndonesiaMuslihudin Muslihudin, Azis Nur Bambang, and Eko HendartoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2404–2406 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Analysis of Environmental Carrying Capacity Based on Land Balance in Solok Regency, West SumatraAlvan Pahuluan, Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati, and Hadiyanto HadiyantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2407–2409 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

An Assessment of Social, Economic and Cultural Sustainability in the Management of Local Marine ConservationArea (KKLD) of Mayalibit Bay, Raja Ampat, West Papua, IndonesiaHandayani, Sutrisno Anggoro, Boedi Hendrarto, and Abdul KoharAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2410–2412 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Diversity Based Sustainable Management for Seagrass Ecosystem: Assessing Distribution and Diversity ofSeagrass in Marine Protected AreaJohan Danu Prasetya, Ambariyanto, Supriharyono, and Frida PurwantiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2413–2415 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Potential of Solar Power Plant at Central Java for Reducing Carbon Dioxcide (CO2) EmissionDjoko Adi Widodo, Purwanto, and HermawanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2416–2418 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Potential Solar Energy in Pemalang, Central JavaRatih Hidayati and Heri SutantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2419–2423 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Energi Recovery Potential from Combustible Fraction of Semarang’s Municipal Solid WasteAinie Khuriati, Wahyu Setiabudi, Muhammad Nur, Istadi Istadi, Gatot Suwoto, and Bono BonoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2424–2426 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Production of Bioethanol from Sweet and Bitter Cassava Starches by Simultaneous Saccharification andFermentation Using Saccharomyces cerevisiaeHargono, Bakti Jos, and Andri Cahyo KumoroAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2427–2431 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Impact of Ballast Water on Environmental HealthIksiroh El Husna, Sutrisno Anggoro, Henna R. Sunoko, and Onny SetianiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2432–2434 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Reducing Urban Sprawl Developments Through Organized Community-Based Housing Development: A PerspectiveAsnawi Manaf, Adiyanti Annisa Istikhomah, Bony Djosman, and Naufal Rabbani Priyandianto














































The Use of Non Dairy Creamer Wastewater as the Growth Medium of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Single-CellProtein ProductionEndah Rita Sulistya Dewi, Anang M. Legowo, and Munifatul IzzatiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2438–2440 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

A Context Aware Based Flood Detection and Monitoring System Using K-Median MethodIndrastanti R. Widiasari, Lukito Edi Nugroho, and WidyawanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2441–2443 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Biogas Production from Substrate Mixture of POME and Manure Using CSTR BioreactorSarono, Yana Sukaryana, Yatim R. Widodo, Udin Hasanudin, and SupriyantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2444–2446 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Utilization of Waste Silica and Chitosan as Fertilizer Nano Chisil to Improve Corn Production in IndonesiaTony Abdillah Gumilar, Erma Prihastanti, Sri Haryanti, Agus Subagio, and NgadiwiyanaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2447–2449 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Enhancement of Patchouli Oils Quality Using Traditional Destillation Methods from Batang Indonesiaby Plant ImprovementHermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum, Endang Dwi Purbajanti, Widayat, and Endang KusdiyantiniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2450–2453 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Determination of Bod and Fecal Coliform Pollution Loading Capacity in Plumbon River Semarang withQual2e SoftwareSyafrudin Syafrudin, Winardi Dwi Nugraha, and Joshua Partogi UtamaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2454–2457 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Conventional Pollutant and Greenhouse Gases Emission from Peatland Fire Based on Peatland Maturityat Flaming StageHaryono Setiyo Huboyo, Mochtar Hadiwidodo, and SyafrudinAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2458–2461 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Assessing Water Quality of Ciujung River in Lebak Regency by Using Pollution IndexAyunda Puti Andini, P. Purwanto, and S. SudarnoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2462–2464 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Downtime Test of Environmental Pollution by Using Oxytetracycline from Feces and Wasted Feed on Barramundi(Latescalcarifer Bloch) FarmingAndrianGarbono, Sutrisno Anggoro, and HennaRyaSunokoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2465–2467 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Effect of Temperature, Sludge, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) on Biogas Production in Tofu WastewaterTreatment Using AnSBR ReactorSuparni Setyowati Rahayu, Purwanto, and BudiyonoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2468–2471 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Distribution Within the Distribution Range of Leachate to the Organism Saprobitas: A Case Study of TPA SuiBakau Besar Laut Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan ProvinceWartiniyati Wartiniyati, Sutrisno Anggoro, Boedi Hendrarto, and Henna Rya SunokoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2472–2474 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Mobile Application Development for Smart Tourist GuideNur Budi Nugraha, Suyoto, and PranowoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2475–2477 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Accuracy Improvement of the Estimations Effort in Constructive Cost Model II Based on Logic Model of FuzzyRahmi Rizkiana Putri, Riyanarto Sarno, Daniel Siahaan, Adhatus Solichah Ahmadiyah, and Siti RochimahAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2478–2480 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]













































Rule Based Reasoning Method for Safety Room by Means of Temperature Sensor and Motion DetectorMufadhol Mufadhol, Guruh Aryotejo, and Daniel Yeri KristiyantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2481–2483 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Application of Cleaner Production in Palm Oil Mill Industries in IndonesiaS. Sugiarti, P. Purwanto, and D. WindartoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2484–2488 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Current Problems of Environmental Policy: Case Studies of Central Java, IndonesiaSudharto P. HadiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2489–2491 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Alignment Between Val IT and Risk IT for Choosing a Business Strategy by Fuzzy Analytical HierarchyProcess and TOPSISUky-Yudatama, Agus-Setiawan, and Andri-TrismantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2492–2494 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Decision Support System for Admission Selection and Positioning Human Resources by Using Naive Bayes MethodDyna Marisa Khairina, Septya Maharani, Ramadiani, and Heliza Rahmania HattaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2495–2497 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Bird Species Biodiversity in Coastal Area of Panjang Island, Jepara, Central JavaSri Utami, Sutrisno Anggoro, and Tri Retnaningsih SoeprobowatiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2498–2500 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Environmental Management of Mangrove Area in Northern Coast, Central Java by Using SWOT and AHP Analysis(Case Study in Brebes, Pemalang, and Demakvillage)HugiCerlyawati, SutrisnoAnggoro, and Muhammad ZainuriAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2501–2503 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Sedulur Sikep’s Environmental Wisdom in Conservation of North Kendeng Mountains SukoliloEndrat Mojo, Sudharto P. Hadi, and Hartuti PurnaweniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2504–2506 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Effect of Shade Trees Types on Nitrogen Mineralization and Nitrification Potential in Soil on Coffee BasedAgroforestry SystemsPurwanto and Aniek HindrayaniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2507–2511 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Management and Environmental Conservation Based on Local WisdomEdoardus E. Maturbongs, Theresia Widi Asih Cahyanti, and FitrianiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2512–2514 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Coastal Conservation and Capacity Empowerment of Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction inBengkulu ProvinceSri IndartiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2515–2517 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Study on the Empowerment Effort of Conservation Farming on Kaligarang Sub Upstream WatershedSumarsono, W. Sumekar, E. D. Purbayanti, and D. W. WidjajantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2518–2520 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Kinetics of Fermentation Process in Bioethanol Production from Solid Waste BreadNais Pinta Adetya, M. Rahadian Hidayat, Rahardian Pratama Aji, and H. HadiyantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2521–2523 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Potential of KemiriSunan as Feedstock for the Production of BiodieselSlamet Supriyadi, Purwanto, Didi Dwi Anggoro, and HermawanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2524–2526 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]













































Produced Water Treatment as Oil Well Water Injection Using Nano-Hybrid PES Membrane to Enhance Oiland Gas ProductionTutuk Djoko Kusworo, N. Aryanti, Qudrotun, and D. P. UtomoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2527–2529 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Performance Evaluation of Continuous Vibrating Fluidized Bed Dryer on Green Tea ProductionSri Utami Handayani, MSK Tony Suryo Utomo, and M. Endy YuliantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2530–2532 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Sugar-Rich Hydrolysates of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch Production Through Two Step Solid State Fermentationsand Its Conversion to EthanolKaharMuzakhar, Masruroh, Siswoyo, RudjuWinarsa, and SutoyoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2533–2535 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Studies of Refractive Index and Extinction Coefficient on Polyaniline Nanofibers as Anorganic Semiconductorwith Variant Molar DopanNgurah Ayu Ketut Umiati, Kuwat Triyana, and Kamsul AbrahaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2536–2538 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

A Collaborative Management on Small-Scale Mining in Pemalang RegencyAgusHartoWibowo, Sudharto P. Hadi, and Hartuti PurnaweniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2539–2541 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Environmental Management Efforts at Fillet Fish Processing Industry in Coastal Fishing Port TegalsariTegal—IndonesiaTri Setyo Wibowo, P. Purwanto, and Bambang YuliantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2542–2544 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Effect of Cloud Ear Fungus (Auricularia polytricha) on Serum Triglycerides Level on Wistar Rats Inducedby Reused CookingoilI. Made Miarta Yasa, Henna Rya S-Abdurachim, and Nyoman Suci WidyastitiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2545–2547 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Towards Green Building Implementation in Indonesia: Lessons Learned from SingaporeJati Utomo Dwi Hatmoko, Taufiq Lilo Adi Sucipto, Stefanus Catur Adi Prasetyo, and Apsari SetiawatiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2548–2551 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Life Cycle Impact Assesment of Distribution Pesticide in PatiAhmad Qosim, Anies, and Hena Rya SunokoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2552–2555 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Gendering the Climate Change Policy: A Study of Gender Analysis on Semarang's Integrated City Climate StrategyRusmadi Rusmadi, Sudharto P. Hadi, and Hartuti PurnaweniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2556–2558 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Education for Sustainable Development: How Early is Too Early?Dian Ratna SawitriAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2559–2560 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Analysis of Land Carrying Capacity of Tanah Miring District of Merauke RegencyIrbaDjaja, P. Purwanto, and H. R. SunokoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2561–2563 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Environmental Education Policy Implementation Through Participatory Environmental Activity Based inSenior High School (SMA) 2 Pati, Central Java, IndonesiaTopo Budi Dhanarko, HartutiPurnaweni, and KismartiniKismartiniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2564–2566 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Mining Permits and Supervision Implementation Policy Within the Framework of Environmental Managementin Bandar LampungHendri Micky, HartutiPurnaweni, and KismartiniKismartini











































Environmental Concerns in the Eyes of University StudentsAnita Listiara and Hartuti PurnaweniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2570–2572 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Harmony in the Environmental and Forestry Policy Case Study: Human Resource Development in theImplementation of Environmental Impact Assessment Through Education and TrainingTasdiyantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2573–2575 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Educational Strategy: Environmental Awareness Character of Early Child in the FamilyDarosy Endah HyoscyaminaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2576–2578 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Environmental and Social Dimension of CSR: Case Study of P.T PKT Bontang, East Kalimantan, IndonesiaSudharto P. Hadi, Sri Suryoko, Esti Yuli Wulandari, and Fakhri HusainiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2579–2581 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Challenges for the Development of Resilient Coastal Area Program in Timbulsloko Village Sayung DistrictDemak RegencyHartuti Purnaweni, Kismartini Kismartini, Sudharto P. Hadi, and Tri Retnaningsih SoeprobowatiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2582–2583 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Developing Environmentally Friendly Campus at Diponegoro UniversityYos Johan Utama, Purwanto, and AmbariyantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2584–2585 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Reversible Anaerob-Evapotranspiration Process for Removal of High Strength Ammonium in Leachate fromTropical LandfillBadrus Zaman, P. Purwanto, and Sarwoko MangkoedihardjoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2586–2588 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Handling and Using Waste Cabbage as Feed Additive on Pellet of Calf Starter and It’s Effect to Microbiology QualityS. Mukodiningsih, J. Achmadi, F. Wahyono, C. S. Utama, O. N. Putri, S. S. Solikhah, and S. J. OhhAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2589–2590 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Use of Epoxidized Waste Cooking Oil as Bioplasticizer of Sago Starch-Based Biocomposite ReinforcedMicrofibrillated Cellulose of BambooSilviana and Didi Dwi AnggoroAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2591–2594 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Cassava Waste Processing Technology to Support the Provision of Alternative Feed on Zero Waste ManagementSystem of LivestockR. I. Pujaningsih, Sri Mukodiningsih, and Irjon PakpahanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2595–2597 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Blocking Mechanism of Ultrafiltration and Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration Membrane for Dye Removal fromModel Waste WaterNita Aryanti, Fatikhatul K. Ika Sandria, and Dyah Hesti WardhaniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2598–2600 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Study on the Effect of Rainwater Harvesting Technology to Carrying Capacity of Domestic Water in BimaMunicipality West Nusa TenggaraMarta Shabran Kharja, Sutrisno Anggoro, and Budiyono BudiyonoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2601–2604 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Use of Biocatalyst Electrolysis to Decrease Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)Domestic WastewaterPurwono, Wiharyanto Oktiawan, and Nurandani HardiyantiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2605–2607 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]













































The Strategy for Improving Quality of Organic Fertilizer in Integrated Waste Disposal Sites Diponegoro UniversityTowards Commercial FertilizerBadrus Zaman, Dwi Purwantoro Sasongko, Syafrudin, and PurwonoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2608–2610 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Lethal Toxicity of Batik Waste Water Bio-Sorption Results in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)Sri Lestari, Sudarmadji, Shalihuddin Djalal Tandjung, and Sri Juari SantosaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2611–2613 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Identification of Organophosphate in Soil from Agricultural Areas in Wanasari Subdistrict, Brebes District,Central Java, IndonesiaTri Joko, Sutrisno Anggoro, Henna Rya Sunoko, Nikie Astorina Yunita Dewanti, and Savitri RachmawatiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2614–2616 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Leachate Recirculation on Solid Waste: An Opportunity in Indonesia—A ReviewIka Bagus Priyambada, Budi Widianarko, and Setia Budi SasongkoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2617–2620 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Evaluation of Produced Water Treatment with Gravity Settling in Conventional Oil Exploration at Blora,Central Java, IndonesiaAyu Utami, Andi Sungkowo, and Haidar AliAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2621–2623 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Utilization of Crop Corn Waste as a Complete Feed for Pregnant GoatsAnis Muktiani, Endang Kusumanti, and Dian Wahyu HarjantiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2624–2626 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Application of Salted Egg Technology Based Local Environment in the Agroindustrial Center of Brebes,Central JavaW. Sumekar, A. N. Al-Baari, and E. KurniantoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2627–2628 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Texture Features Extraction for Indonesian Macroscopic and Microscopic Beef Digital Images Based onGray-Level Co-Occurrence MatrixSigit Widiyanto, Yuli Karyanti, and Dini Tri WardaniAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2629–2632 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Identification of Waste Construction at Construction Project Life CycleMochammad Agung Wibowo, Naniek Utami Handayani, Asri Nurdiana, and Moh Nur SholehAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 2633–2635 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Volume 23, Number 2 (February 2017) pp.693-1488A SPECIAL SECTIONSelected Peer-Reviewed Articles from the 2016 International Conference on Education (ICOED), Jakarta,Indonesia, 12–14 April 2016Guest Editors:Ping Jack Soh, Mohamad Zoinol Abidin Bin Abd Aziz, Hamzah Asyrani Bin Sulaiman,Mohd Azlishah Bin Othman, and Mohd Fareq Bin Abd MalekAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 693–694 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

RESEARCH ARTICLESWord Stemming Methods for the Malay Language: A ReviewMohamad Nizam Kassim, Mohd Aizaini Maarof, Anazida Zainal, and Amirudin Abdul WahabAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 695–698 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Promoting Autonomous Learning Using ICT in School Setting—Constructivist PerspectivesTeddy Mantoro, Arry Andryani, Ratna Dewanti, and Media A. AyuAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 699–703 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]







































Unique Features of Indonesian Wayang in Book Ornament Prototype Through Visual CommunicationDesign PerspectiveLintang Widyokusumo and Hanny WijayaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 704–707 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Internal Competition in Engineering Education—A Case Study of Project Design Competition in UNITENYaw Long Chua and Yit Yan KohAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 708–711 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Parental Involvement and Awareness Using Malaysian’s Smart School Management SystemShawqi Mohammed Hussein, Sya Azmeela Shariff, and Teddy MantoroAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 712–716 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Ladies Underwater and ES Crime: The Language Used in SocietyIenneke Indra Dewi and Menik WinihartiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 717–721 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Design Engineering Freight Vehicle Load Detection Perspective Competence as an Operator, Inspectorsand Auditors for Road Transport SafetyMohammad Thamzil, Djoko Kustuno, Purnomo, Dwi Agus Sudjimat, and MardjiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 722–725 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Practice-Led Project as a Creative Method to Enhance Theoretical Knowledge in Art and Design EducationHanny WijayaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 726–729 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Smart Learning Contents Adaptation Engine for Learning Devices Types and Learner’s Property for Smart LearningKwang Sik Chung and Min Young KimAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 730–734 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Constructionism for Language Immersion: A Case Study of Thai Education DevelopmentManissaward Jintapitak, Nopasit Chakpitak, Pradorn Sureepong, and Olarn ChaipravatAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 735–738 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Critical Pedagogy-Based Instructional Materials: Effects on Language Proficiency, Social Awareness, and21st Century SkillsJoan Y. Agdeppa and Romylyn MetilaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 739–744 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Gingerbread and Teak House Heritage Studies: Phrae, Northern ThailandManissaward Jintapitak and Nantanat JintapitakAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 745–749 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Understanding Chinese Culture and Tradition Through Observation in Chinese Restaurant as a Study Caseof Informal EducationPolniwati Salim and Hanny WijayaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 750–753 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Design of Computerized Interactive ABS/ESP Self-Direct Learning Simulator (CIA-DLS) with AndragogicalMethod Prespective to Improve the Learning OutputHerman M. Kaharmen, Djoko Kustono, Waras, Tuwoso, and Poppy PuspitasariAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 754–758 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

For the Nth Time, Does Educational Technology Really Make a Difference?—A Large-Scale Investigation ofthe Effects of Educational TV on Academic AchievementMinie Rose Lapinid, Leah Gustilo, Carlo P. Magno, Jessie Barrot, Mari Karen L. Gabinete, and Jovito C. Anito, Jr.Adv. Sci. Lett. 23, 759–763 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Use of Emerging Technologies by EFL Teachers in Primary SchoolsTeddy Mantoro, Dian Fitriani, Wendi Usino, Media A. Ayu, and RusdahAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 764–767 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]













































Embracing Globalisation and Ensuring Relevance in Providing Quality EducationAbby Tan, Masitah Shahrill, Dewi Kartika Ali, Sabrina Daud, and Lin NaingAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 768–772 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Exploring Patterns Through Mosaic Workshop as a Learning Method in Building Material SubjectAmarena Nediari and Hanny WijayaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 773–775 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Analysis of Students’ Cognitive Problem Solving Skill in Solving PISA Standard-Based Test ItemDian Kurniati and Anas Ma’ruf AnnizarAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 776–780 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Prevalence of Cyberbullying among Students in Malaysian Higher Learning InstitutionsC. S. Lai, M. M. Mohamad, M. F. Lee, K. Mohd Salleh, N. L. Sulaiman, D. I. Rosli, and W. V. S. ChangAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 781–784 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Development of Interactive E-Learning Using Multimedia Design ModelAmbar Sri LestariAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 785–789 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Promoting Model Skills, Humanist, Mental (SHM) for Development of Professionalism TeacherSuherman and Firmanul Catur WibowoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 790–795 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Use of Learning Management System (LMS) for College Students to Become an Active Learner:Constructivism ViewTeddy Mantoro, Putri Utami, Ratna Dewanti, Wahdi S. A. Yudhi, and Media A. AyuAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 796–800 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Educational Value of Sang Pencerah Film by Hanung Bramantyo: Aesthetic Research of ChiaroscuroDyah Gayatri Puspitasari, Setiawan Sabana, Hafiz Azis Ahmad, and Hanny WijayaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 801–803 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Go Virtual: Exploring Augmented Reality Application in Representation of Steel Architectural Constructionfor the Enhancement of Architecture EducationFadzidah Abdullah, Mohd Hisyamuddin Bin Kassim, and Aliyah Nur Zafirah SanusiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 804–808 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Developing a Pedagogy Framework for Institution-Wide Implementation of MOOC: A Case Study from aMalaysian Private UniversityEnna Ayub and Lim Chee LeongAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 809–813 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Assessment and Validation of Effective Supervision Among Technical and Engineering Students in MalaysianTechnical InstitutionsAffero Ismail, Hashima Hamid, Ahmad Firdaos Syauqi Ahmad Sidiki, Noorazman Abd Samad, and Hairuddin HarunAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 814–818 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Use of Interactive Games Enhances Nutritional Knowledge and Healthy Lifestyle Habits Among ChileanElementary School ChildrenYasna Muñoz, Manuel E. Cortés Cortés, and Andrea AlfaroAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 819–823 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Phenomenology of Institutionalizing ChangeJonathan S. Dela Pena, Maricar S. Prudente, and Socorro E. AgujaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 824–829 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Naturally Ventilated Colonial School Classrooms in Malaysia are Conducive to Learning EnvironmentAliyah Nur Zafirah Sanusi, Aida Kesuma Azmin, Fadzidah Abdullah, and Mohd Hisyamuddin Bin KassimAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 830–833 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]













































Self Awareness Mapping of Ubinus Students Toward the National Culture Based on the Values ofPANCASILA (3rd Principle: Unity of Indonesia)Rina Patriana Ch, Iwan Irawan, and Murty Magda PaneAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 834–838 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Effectiveness of Microscopic Virtual Simulation (MVS) for Conceptualizing Students’ Conceptions onPhase TransitionsFirmanul Catur Wibowo, Andi Suhandi, Dadi Rusdiana, Yayat Ruhiat, Dina Rahmi Darman, and Achmad SamsudinAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 839–843 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Toward Learning Process and Students’ AttitudesTeddy Mantoro, Evi Maulida Fitri, Rusdah, Media A. Ayu, and Wendi UsinoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 844–847 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

An Automatic Document Classification System to Support Project-Based Learning Process in EngineeringEducation: A Case of Industrial EngineeringJonghyeon Choi, Minsoo Kang, and Moon-Soo KimAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 848–852 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Learning by Conscience as a New Paradigm in EducationSaifullahAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 853–856 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Islamic’ Vocational Culinary Training at Teen Rehabilitation Centre, MalaysiaAhmad Esa, Asri Selamat, Zalina @ Siti Aishah Abd. Aziz, and Suhaili PadilAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 857–860 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Professionalization Process of Pre-Service Technical Teacher Education in Thailand: The Problemof Recruitment to the Career RetentionPapaikan Innoi, Teeradej Chai-Aroon, Nawarat Phlainoi, and Chanchai IntaraprawatAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 861–864 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Creativity and Teaching Strategies in Institution of Higher LearningSaemah Rahman, Shahlan Surat, and Najwa Hanis AzmiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 865–868 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Students’ Understanding of Genetics Through Blended Learning ActivitiesJacklyn C. Santiago, Socorro E. Aguja, and Maricar S. PrudenteAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 869–872 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Impact Assessment of the PC Recycling Project in Region 2Mary Jane S. BitangaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 873–876 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

A Service-Learning Pedagogy Model for Higher Educational Institutions in the Philippines: Developmentand ValidationPhilippe John F. SipacioAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 877–881 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Biomorphic Concept for Form DevelopmentNurhafizah Amir NordinAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 882–884 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Level and Quality of Knowledge Using Confidence-Weighted NRET Scoring Method in Multiple Choice TestMa. Rosanna Cisneros-Pahayahay and Gemar PahayahayAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 885–889 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Physical versus Augmented Reality Model: Comparative Study Toward Learning Experiences at HeritageStudies GalleryMohd Hisyamuddin Kassim, Fadzidah Abdullah, Zuraini Denan, and Khandoker Ahmad ArafatAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 890–893 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]













































Innovativeness, Absorptive Capacity and Innovation Among Malaysian Micro-Enterprises: A Cross-Industryand Cross-State ComparisonAbdullah Al Mamun, Rajennd A/L Muniady, Noorshella Binti Che Nawi, Chinnasamy Agamudainambhi Malarvizhi,and P. Yukthamarani PermarupanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 894–896 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Using Graphs to Develop Geographical Skills Among Pre-University StudentsNorhayati Ummi Juriyah Yunos, Rosmawijah Jawawi, Rohani Matzin, Masitah Shahrill, Lawrence Mundia,Jainatul Halida Jaidin, Nur-Ashikin Petra, and Mar Aswandi MahadiAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 897–900 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Use of Rubrics in Developing Students’ Understanding of HistorySarana Haji Idris, Rosmawijah Jawawi, Mar Aswandi Mahadi, Rohani Matzin, Masitah Shahrill, Jainatul Halida Jaidin,Nur-Ashikin Petra, and Lawrence MundiaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 901–904 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Social Media, Socio-Political Influence and Youth’s Leadership Participation in Malaysia: A Conceptual FrameworkIsidore Ekpe, Mohd Rosli Mohamad, Norsiah Mat, and Derweanna Bah SimpongAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 905–907 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Peer Assessment: A Challenge in the New GenerationNoor Atikah Binti Zainal Abidin and Shafizza binti SahdanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 908–911 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Self-Regulated Learning: A Literature Review for 21st Century Learning TechnologyShafizza Binti Sahdan and Noor Atikah Binti Zainal AbidinAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 912–915 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Multicultural Education as A Must in Indonesia (A Hermeneutic Analysis to Bina Nusantara UniversityStudent’s Perceptions Towards ASEAN Community)Frederikus Fios, Catarina Manurung, and Ramot PeterAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 916–919 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Recognition of Teachers about Students’ Competencies of Media and Information Literacy for SocialNetwork ServicesMasami YoshidaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 920–924 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Improving Teacher’s Commitment by Improving External FactorsArcadius Benawa, Antonius A. Gea, and Mario Nugroho WillyartoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 925–928 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Improving Students’ Learning Motivation by Increasing Lecturer’s Ability and Learning ModelArcadius Benawa, LeloYosep Laurentius, and Iwan IrawanAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 929–932 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Religious Tolerance in Jakarta State University Students: Case Study Attitudes and Views on DifferentReligious BeliefsAgus Masrukhin, Ch. Megawati Tirtawinata, and Sukron Ma’munAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 933–935 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Needs Analysis for Academic Operation Staff at BINUS University in Facing World Class Operational ExcellenceAlmodad Biduk Asmani and Chandra Kurniawan WiharjaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 936–940 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Need Analysis for CLIL Synchronization in BIPA LearningKristianus Oktriono and WishnoebrotoAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 941–943 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Implementing Task-Based Language Teaching in ESL ClassroomsJessie Barrot











































Process, Results, and Consequences of Madrasa Accreditation: A Case Study in Lampung, IndonesiaDeden MakbulohAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 948–952 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Development of Work-Process-Orientation Training Material for National Dual Training System (NDTS)ImplementationMohd Faizal Tokeran and Wahid RazzalyAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 953–957 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Students’ Strategies: Insights for Teaching Lexical CohesionRisa Rumentha SimanjuntakAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 958–960 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Using Self-Assessment to Monitor ESL Learners’ Academic Achievement in a Malaysian ESL Context: A Case StudyCharanjit Swaran and SinghAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 961–964 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

The Role of a Teacher in Foreign Language Teaching Enhanced by Information and Communication TechnologiesBlanka KlimovaAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 965–967 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

Transferable Skills for Ph.D. Students to Finish the JourneySri Sumarwati, Jailani Md. Yunos, and Badaruddin IbrahimAdv. Sci. Lett. 23, 968–971 (2017)[Abstract] [Full Text - PDF] [Purchase Article]

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1 Adv. Sci. Lett. 23,3, 2017

1936-6612/2012/4/3398/005 doi:10.1166/asl.2017.8758 1

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Copyright © 2011 American Scientific Publishers Advanced Science Letters All rights reserved Vol. 23, 3, 2017 Printed in the United States of America

A Multiple-Objective Ant Colony for Optimizing Disaster Relief Logistics

Johan Reimon Batmetan1*, Alb. Joko Santoso1, Pranowo1

1 Informatics Engineering Department Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

(Abstract) A logistic is one of the most important parts of disaster management. Disaster relief logistic must be optimizing with selection short path. Selection path of the logistic is aimed at residential areas close to the volcano and into the danger zone. A logistic disaster needed an information system with accurate and quickly intervening respond. Concerns expressed in the logistic is a less accurate path selection and a complex path that will be chosen so as to result in casualties. This paper tries to investigate to choose the shortest path in the logistics of the eruption of the Lokon volcano. This study tried to apply the formula by entering a speed indicator, distance, bend, density and secure point to calculate the short path to being selected using MO-ACO algorithm. Model simulations and calculations are done by making the aggregation of existing indicators and continue to calculate and determine the short logistic using MO-ACO algorithm. Results obtained to produce a solution with the short path logistic map that is a low budget, and quickly respond to manage disaster. This map became clues in disaster management and navigation in the logistic process. This logistic map using for logistic information system and implicated in disaster management Lokon volcano on North Sulawesi. (Abstract)

Keywords: multiple-objective, ant colony optimization, logistic disaster relief, lokon volcano, short path.

1. INTRODUCTION

In the period 2010-2015 statistics show that natural disasters, especially in Indonesia volcano eruption [1] have occurred 32 times

with the result 409 people died, lost four people, injured 2,223 people and 183.345 people displaced. In the northern provinc e of Sulawesi own, in the same period, the statistics show that four people were missing, five people were injured and 1,625 people were displaced by volcanic eruption.

Volcanic eruptions can result in an extremely dangerous condition that needs treatment quickly and precisely. Handling is mea nt is how governments and societies can manage and access information associated with the eruption of the volcano, mitigation and workarounds such as path selection handlers evacuation and after the eruption. It is intended to reduce casualties. On the other side, the handling of the volcanic eruption is in need of high cost and response time is fast and accurate. That burdens the budget and available resources can be optimally required computational methods and techniques such as the use of algorithms MOACO to perform optimization calculations. Activities that may be made such as determining optimal logistic lines disasters quickly and accurately, easily accessible with a quick time to reach the point of refugee shelters. It is thus important to make path selection strategy based computing technology that can harness models computational algorithms such as Multiple-Objective Ant Colony algorithm as a solution in route selection logistical support disaster.

The problem is the difficulty of choosing the path to distribute disaster relief logistics. It is caused by the complex pathways available and the condition of the area is at an elevation that is steep with narrow lanes and dangerous. This study uses a c ase study on the mountain Lokon in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Geographically settlements which are located around the mountain is located on the uplands steep and rugged with narrow lanes and many dangerous bends. The layout of the mountain Lokon located in Tomohon city which became the capital of north Sulawesi. Tomohon area of the city where there are many villages surrounded by the foot of the mountain. This requires good handling and efficient in order to prevent loss correct even many casualties. For it is nece ssary to study and ways and strategies in dealing with natural disasters. This study tried to resolve these problems by using simulation optimization algorithm Multiple Objective Ant Colony Optimization (MOACO) in determining the distribution channels logistical help in achieving the shortest disaster shelter refugees.

This paper, we try to model logistic shortest path selection, algorithm using MOACO and use some constraints in calculating t o obtain a good optimization model and can be implemented.

2 Adv. Sci. Lett. 23,3, 2017

1936-6612/2012/4/3398/005 doi:10.1166/asl.2017.8758 2

RESEARCH ARTICLE Adv. Sci. Lett. 4, 1–3, 2012 RESEARCH ARTICLE Adv. Sci. Lett. 23, 3, 2017

2. ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION (ACO)

Ant colony algorithm is built to be inspired in the ants foraging [2]. Shaping algorithm model is primarily ants. Ant Colony is a metaheuristic algorithm that includes branches of Swam Intelligence. Metaheuristic itself a development of the concept of heu ristics. This algorithm is very good [3] on calculations using the independent variables to produce an optimal solution. Metaheuristic algorithm allows optimal approach in a short time so as to produce the optimal solution strategy (et al). Ant Colony Optimiza tion algorithm (ACO) [3] is the best of the existing ant colony variants. ACO has a relative calculation [4] result approaching the optimum. ACO algorithm can be a reference to the implementation in natural disaster mitigation issues [5], especially the eruption of volcanoes such as the evacuation route selection quickly. Ant Colony Optimization algorithm (ACO) can be used in the selection of the best lane in evacuation easily and quickly.

ACO algorithms constructed with construction candidate [6] to get a combination of optimization problems. ACO begins to provide solutions that are still empty as intended originally. Then added to the solution components to obtain a more thoroug h candidate solutions and optimal. In a single objective, ACO called as QAP [6], defined as the solution components to the facility marks a location [7]. To undertake the construction solutions such steps is repeated until the determination of the neighborhood to be empty so that a complete solution can be calculated. After the finished solution is constructed, pheromone then updated. Performance evaporation seen with the first drop pheromone trails with a constant factor [8] ant then allowed to deposit pheromone on the solutions that have been constructed.

Thus ACO applied in mitigation path in the following manner: Thus spake ACO applied in mitigation path in the following manner: First, construct a problem into a graph G = (V, E) with vertex set V representing the set point - the point and E is the set of edges that represent the distance between two points. Secondly, there are constraints on the evacuation route that is visiting n points with points that there is only visited once by the same starting point to the end point. The objective of the shortest path s election, logistics shortest path and determining the point of shelter is looking for the shortest tour of the n points Third, scoring the intensity of a trail of ants (Pheromone) and heuristic information. Scoring Pheromone (rs τ) in the evacuation path do when ants visit s p oint after visiting the point r. Heuristics information (rs η) is information that represents the quality of an edge between the point and the point r s, this information is computed before the algorithm is executed. With rs d η = 1, rs d r is the distance between the point and the point s. Fourth, (tour construction). A tour is built by applying a simple procedure as follows: Initialization placed m ants in n points according to certain rules, and then apply the state transition rule ants iteratively. Ants build tracks as follows. At the p oint r, ants choose the probabilistic point s unvisited by intensity Pheromone (rs τ) on the edge of the point r to point s, as well as the existing local heuristic information, namely the long side (edge). Ant probabilistically prefers point are close and connected with a high level of Pheromone. To build the shortest path possible, each ant has a form of memory called tabu list. Tabu list is used to determine the set of points that still must visit at each step and to ensure the establishment of the shortest path possible. Besides the a nts can trace back its trajectory, when a track was completed. After all, ants build a tour, Pheromone is updated by reducing the rate Pheromone by a constant factor and then put the ants on the edge that is passed Pheromone. The update is done such that the edge of the tr ack is shorter and pass a lot of ants receive Pheromone amount to more. Therefore, in the next iteration of the algorithm will have a higher probability to be selected.

3. MULTIPLE-OBJEVTIVE ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION (MOACO)

When calculating with many objects, the algorithm used is Multiple Objective Ant Colony Optimization (MOACOs) [9]. MOACOs this algorithm begins with multi algorithms two objects and two pheromones. Thus there is two similarities function to be counted. The equation of the form BIANT [10] (Bi-Criterion Ant), MOACS [11] (Multi-Objective Ant Colony System) and CHAC [9] (Compan~ı'a de Hormigas ACorazadas). MOACOs [12] algorithm can be used to solve the problem of TSP. In fact, MOACOs algorithm is widely used to solve optimization problems with bi-objective TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem). The use of this approach can be made by combining two ant colony algorithm [13] MAX-MIN Ant System (MMAS) and ACO. This approach is almost the same as MOACOs, but used in solving problems in the TSP.

Basically, algorithm MOACO adds a number of components into an algorithm metaheuristic ACO algorithm by connecting into the multi-objective problem [10]. At MOACO any information pheromone is assumed, that the MOACO algorithm using multi pheromone information [11], which has the distinction that defines the object and its weight so that it becomes a single value. This value is equal to the weight used in calculating the aggregate object in the scale of the multi-objective problem [6].

To get the best performance ACO, pheromone update strategy used single colony is done by selecting the best solution [11] or the best bit of the solution set of the current iteration, or since the algorithm starts (best so far strategy). Pheromone dominant [10] and recommended to be used as a strategy that will be used. In the multi-colony, pheromone update strategy in doing, similar to the strategy used in a single colony. To run specialize colony, every deposit pheromone is used only for one colony alone [6] [8] [11]. Selection of pheromone been the dominant method adapted straightforwardly in a multi-colony. This refers to the use of ant Pareto candidate sets obtained from the distribution of the ant colony and are allowed to deposit pheromone [11].

There MOACO framework created by Manuel Lopez. There are 9 functions are available and can be used. In this study, the framework used to solve problems in the shortest path selection path selection disaster relief logistics.

3 Adv. Sci. Lett. 23,3, 2017

1936-6612/2012/4/3398/005 doi:10.1166/asl.2017.8758 3


*Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed


3 3

Parameter Value Na

ρ q0

α β

24.[η/100] 0.02 (η < 300), 0.05 (η ≥ 300) 0 1

2

4. PROBLEM DESCRIPTION

In a volcanic eruption disaster management, logistics desperately need the support of various organizations and government. It is concerned with how to regulate the movement of staff, equipment, and material assistance to reach the disaster site through a prescribed path. The path is taken to be a short, fast and secure so that it can be reached safely. As we know, the delivery of logistic al support to the disaster point should be reached at the right time and the right place.

Distribution channels barely passable with many obstacles requires sought the right path to follow. From the literature, which can be obtained in the optimization models to choose the shortest path can be reached disaster point quickly and precisely. In ea sy to calculate, then we perform the division based on the position supply logistic materials. This segment is divided into four segments, each segment supplying logistical support to the nearest evacuation point.

In this paper, the area to be mapped the distribution channels help logistic a disaster area who need help quickly. The area consists of four villages prone to disasters and disaster management priority. The following figure 1 can explain the area to be mappe d:

Figure 1. Map area disaster Lokon volcano North Sulawesi

In this section, we describe in part develop to calculate the shortest path optimization. To calculate using algorithms MOACO by adding constraints to modify MOACO equation [14]. This is done to try to find the best solution in the shortest path searches for pat h disaster relief logistics. Constraints are distance, speed, a number of bends (curve), the density and the number of secured points. Constraints will be in matrix information pheromone as an aggregation.

5. A MOACO MODELING

A. Assumption

In the paper, we make some assumptions that can be used in the calculation algorithm MOACO:

1) Distance, measured in unit km (kilometers). This variable is the distance between nodes designated and declared distance to go in across nodes. MOACO algorithm will calculate the best distance and the closest that must be passed up to the point that secure logistics shelter refugees. This distance is one important variable in the use of this MOACO algorithms.

2) The speed, measured in units km/h (kilometers per hour). Variable declared average speeds that can be reached within a distance of nodes. This speed is the average speed that is accumulated regardless of other considerations such as the bend and the man y obstacles faced. This algorithm tries to select a good speed in choosing logist ic distribution channels that must be passed.

3) Curve, measured in units of the number of twists. It states how many hurdles faced by a path. The more twists contained in a path, then the speed will be reduced in the evacuation and affect the performance of the evacuation process in general. MOACO algorithm will choose the path that curves less to determine the logistic distribution channels that must be passed.

4) Density, the measure of the amount of exposure of a track. This variable counting the number of people and the level of density that can lead to stagnation of a pathway that may be passed, so it can hinder the speed and effectiveness in the process of distribution logistics. MOACO algorithm will choose the path that the level of low-density so that the speed and effectiveness of the evacuation would be better

5) Secure point, the measure of the number of points to be traversed secured on a track. These secure spots obtained from the disaster map provided then be a determined path that many secure point level. These algorithms incorporate MOACO secure point in the calculation so that the path chosen should completely secure for traveling. MOACO algorithm will choose the path that points secure much so secure to be passed from the disaster itself. It is intended that the logistic distribution process, no casualties occurred during the process of food distribution logistics and food distribution logistics process itself can be e asily known by the people especially those affected by the eruption of the volcano.

In this paper, we use and adopt the framework MOACO [8] algorithm, with constant parameters as follows:

TABLE 1. MOACO ALGORITHM CONSTANT PARAMETERS SETTING


4 4

Then to do the calculations, we perform the configuration of the components used in accordance with the framework set MOACO

algorithm automatically namely:

TABLE 2. AUTOMATICALLY MOACO ALGORITHM FRAMEWORK COMPONENT Component Domain Constraint

[τ] [η]

Aggregation

Nweight

NextWeight

pheromoneU pdate

Nupd Ncol

MultiColony Weights

MultiColony Update

{single, multiple} {single, multiple}

{2,3,Na/3, Na/2, Na}

{1, 2, 5, 10} {1, 2, 3, 5, 10}

{disjoint, overlapping} {origin, region}

Only if multiple τ or η (per colony)

* only with Ncol = 1

Only if Ncol

> 1 Only if Ncol

> 1

B. Equations

To determine the heuristic information aggregation to our equations used in the algorithm of MOACO framework that identifies three alternatives as follows:

Weighted sum :

Weighted product :

Random :

(1) (2)

At every step of development, given a uniform random number U (0, 1), ants choose the first of two matrices if U (0, 1) <1 - λ; besides choosing other matrices.

In three aggregation methods Described above, there are weight λ being the aggregation bias towards one objective or the othe r. Set of weights Λ defined by components Nweights and NextWeight.

Nweights dan NextWeight. The set weight is defined in the interval [0, 1] as

Where Nweights = |Λ | are the parameters of the framework.

The equation used to determine partial solution would be to follow the probability to calculate the pheromone by the following equation:

(3)

To calculate we use the automatically MOACO framework [11]. This framework works by using a variety of options available to

obtain optimal results in its calculations.

C. Steps to use MOACO To be able to use MOACO algorithms performed using the following steps: Setting parameters, this step is done by setting the parameter information pheromone, a component r, n, aggregation methods a nd

iterations are performed. Local search, this step is done by doing a local search technique by calculating all the points you've visited and established the

shortest paths to be used.


5 5

Update pheromone, this step is done by selecting the track in the pheromone update strategy nondominated solution, best -of- objective, and best-of-objective-per-weight.


6 6

MOACO algorithms are used, follow the algorithm can be explained by the algorithm MOACO in figure 2 below:

Figure 2. Framework MOACO Algorithm

To be able to calculate the MOACO algorithm applied to the affected area. The disaster area is the area of the eruption of Mount Lokon located in Tomohon, North Sulawesi. The condition of the segment area can be seen in the following table 3 below:

TABLE 3. CONTAINS COMPONENTS USED

Route Distance The speed Curve Density Secure point

Segment I

Segment II

Segment III

Segment IV

7

14

11

12

4.33

3.33

3.08

2.75

4

8

4

2

7

10

8

6

4

8

7

8

To be able to calculate, a map of the area is converted into four segments that will be counted. The segment can be described as figure 3 follows:

Segment IV

Segment III

Segment II

Segment I

Figure 3. Segment in determining the distribution area of relief logistic

6. COMPUTER RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In this section, we implemented the MOACO algorithm to obtain the best results. The data we use comes from Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) Kota Tomohon North Sulawesi and in accordance with actual conditions. The real data is the data obtained specifically for the case of the eruption of Lokon volcano. We collected data at intervals ranging from 20th May to 16th August 2016. The data were collected by direct observation in the affected areas and the eruption of the data obtained from the records BPBD during the period 2010-2015. The data we get is a complex data so that we make the four segments of the logistics distribution area in order to facilitate the calculation. We expect the divided segment area to facilitate the calculation is the best result. To execute the time required we used the CPU time method. To explain the gap that occurs between the weighted sum of object ive value and the ideal value is called Vmoy, we use the equation:


7 7

ρ = Objectives Number (p = 7).

λi = objective with priority i weight = (p- i + 1).

fi = objective with priority i value.

(4)

fi*= objective of priority i ideal value, obtained by minimization of this objective under the rigid constraints.

%Im = Initial solution percentage improvement

Results

(5)

We having five runs for experiments and fixed α value. That α is 1 and proved it’s a best value. Then we selecting β value where we defined. After that, we having five runs, we having defines the β value as optimal value and take it to same other parameters with some procedure where defined. We make as a problem as example to the short path.

The final solution is obtained using by quality and execution time terms, generating a feasible approach to logistic map. To obtain quality solutions, we carry out the first stage aims to deliver a uniform shortage or surplus. This first stage we use the wa y of diversification adopted in the algorithm, then we use ant colony beginning of each ant from different colonies with other ant colonies for a solution. Objectives related to each solution colonies beginning any ants from different colonies from one colony to another colony very calculated. In determining the initial solution of a colony, a maximum number of iterations needed to increase the available solutions. The number of iterations does not exceed one hundred iterations, and also have an impact on the reductio n of the computation time. The proposed method should allow having a good speed so as to allow for planning to run a large number of test sets. Predefined criteria associated with these colonies determined to get a good and proper solution.

From the calculation using MOACO algorithm, it can be seen that the shortest path how the first segment I by 95%, then the segment IV by 84% and the latter is the segment II and III by 81%. It is hinted that in doing logistical support area segment s I and IV can be reached quickly while segments II and III need time to reach the area. Result of map with MOACO algorithm

Figure 4. Map disaster relief logistic at Lokon volcano

7. CONLUSION:

The results shortest path using algorithm Multiple-Objective Ant Colony Optimization (MOACO) can be used to find the shortest path and alternate path based on certain criteria (distance route, speed, curve, density and secure point) in the process of disaster relief logistics. Based on these test results the search, the system will ignore the criteria of importance (weight) is small or zer o. Decision making is the shortest path and alternate path by the criteria of distance route, speed, curve, density and secure point, depending on the weight values entered during the rank process, preference value. The first will be selected as the shortest path and preference value the second will be selected as alternate path.

Implementation of the MOACO algorithm can solve the problem of selecting the shortest path in disaster relief logistics. There are several ways to choose a strategy to get the right solution in determining the number of colony algorithm parameters and the number of pheromone structure. This paper discusses only one variant discussed of this algorithm on real instances of the short path disaster relief logistic problem; this algorithm very effectiveness to tested in a limited population. This paper are recommended to use a large population with other variants to generate solutions as good quality as the MOACO algorithm within a sufficiently reasonable time.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:

The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for careful reading and thoughtful review of our manuscript. Special thanks to the Informatics Engineering Department, Graduate School Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta.


8 8

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