DOING A COURSE ON INTRODUCTION TO TRANSLATION ?

If yes, then you should read or know about the following people and their works.

Eugene Albert Nida- a renown linguist associated with American Bible Society, helped in translating the Bible into 200 languages

A. Toward a Science of Translating, Leiden: Brill, 1964, 2nd edn (2003) “However, there are fundamentally two different types of equivalence: one which may be called

formal and another which is primarily dynamic.”B. The Theory and Practice of Translation, Brill, 2003C. Language Structure and Translation: Essays, Stanford University

Press,1975 , “The fact that in historical developments, concepts precede words or lexical units, e.g.

neutrons, quasars, relativity theory, and binary units, should clearly warn anyone about mistakenly assuming that language determines thought. The reason why we tend to think that words precede concepts is that there is a basic difference between personal and cultural learning. As individuals we have often become acquainted with words before we have learned their meanings; but in the experience of the culture, the concepts come first and then words are selected or formed to symbolize the chunks of experience or thought.” page no 187

D. From One Language to Another (Functional Equivalence in Bible Translating), Jan De Waard, Nida, Eugene, A. Thomas Nelson, 1986.

E. Contexts in Translating, , Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2002

J.C. Catford (John Cunnison Catford), his students used to call him Ian Catford, a famous linguist and English teacher

A Linguistic Theory of Translation, London: Longman, 1965

Translation is an operation performed on languages; a process of substituting a text in one language for a text in another language.

Edwin Gentzler- a translation theorist, comparative literature scholar

A. Translation and Identity in the Americas: New Directions in Translation Theory. London: Routledge, 2008.

B. Contemporary Translation Theories. London & New York: Routledge, 2001.

Tejaswini Niranjana

Siting Translation: History, Post Structuralism and the Colonial Context, California: University of California Press, 1992

In a postcolonial context, the problematic of translation becomes a significant site for raising questions of representation, power and historicity. The context is one of contesting and contested stories attempting to account for to recount the asymmetry and inequality of relations between peoples, races and languages. (from the 1st chapter)

Jeremy Munday, a renown scholar in Translation Studies

Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and Applications, London: Routledge, 2008

Evaluation in Translation: A study of critical points in translator decision-making, Routledge, 2012.

Style and Ideology in Translation: Latin American

writing in English, New York: Routledge, September 2007; published in paperback, June 2009

Translation: An advanced resource book, (co-authored with Basil Hatim), London and New York: Routledge, 2004

George Steiner- American literary critic, philosopher, novelist, comparative literature scholar

After Babel: Aspects of Language and Translation by George Steiner, USA: OUP, 1998

Umberto Eco- an Italian Semiotician, philosopher, critic and novelist

Experiences in Translation, 2001, Toronto: University of Toronto Press

Every sensible and rigorous theory of language shows that a perfect translation is an impossible dream. In spite of this, people translate. It is like the paradox of Achilles and the turtle. Theoretically speaking, Achilles should never reach the turtle. But in reality he does. (From the introduction)

Mouse or rat ?-Translation as Negotiation, Eco, Umberto, Phoinix, 2004

Scott L Montgomery- a famous geologist

Science in Translation, University of Chicago Press, 2000

Lawrence Venuti- an American translation theorist,translation historian

A. Rethinking Translation: Discourse, Subjectivity, Ideology (anthology of essays, editor) (1992)

B. The Translator's Invisibility: A History of Translation (1995; 2nd ed. 2008)

C. The Scandals of Translation: Towards an Ethics of Difference (1998)

D. Encyclopedia of Translation Studies (1998) (contributor)E. Oxford Guide to Literature in English Translation (2000) (contributor)

F. The Translation Studies Reader (2000; 2nd ed. 2004; 3rd ed. 2012) (a survey of translation theory from antiquity to the present; editor)[8]

G. Translation Changes Everything: Theory and Practice (2013)

Anthony Pym- a renown scholar in the field of Translation Studies

A . Translation and Text Transfer. An Essay on the Principles of Intercultural Communication, Frankfurt/Main: Peter Lang, 1992. Revised edition: Tarragona: Intercultural Studies Group, 2010.

B. Epistemological Problems in Translation and its Teaching, Calaceite: Caminade, 1993.

C. Method in Translation History, Manchester: St Jerome Publishing, 1998.

D. Negotiating the Frontier: Translators and Intercultures in Hispanic History, Manchester: St Jerome Publishing, 2000.

E. The Moving Text: Localization, Translation and Distribution, Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 2004.

F. Exploring Translation Theories, London and New York: Routledge, 2010. Japanese translation, ???????, trans. Kayoko Takeda, Tokyo: Misuzu Shobo, 2010. Translation rights sold for Portuguese and Korean.

G. The status of the translation profession in the European Union, with François Grin, Claudio Sfreddo, Andy L. J. Chan. Luxembourg: European Commission, 2012.

H. On Translator Ethics. Principles for Cross-cultural communication. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 2012 (reworked version of Pour une éthique du traducteur).

Susan Bassnet- a translation theorist, a scholar in Comparative Literature

A. Translation, history, and culture, Pinter Publisher, 1990

B. Translation Studies, New York and London: Routledge, revised 2002

Andre Lefevere- a translation theorist,

A. Constructing Cultures (with Susan Bassnett). London: Multilingual Matters, 1997B. Translating Literature: Practice and Theory in a Comparative Literature

Framework. New York: MLA, 1992C. Translation, Rewriting, and the Manipulation of Literary Fame. London/New

York:Routledge, 1992D. Essays in Comparative Literature. Calcutta: Papyrus, 1989E. Translating Literature: The German Tradition. Assen: Van Gorcum, 1977F. F.Literary Knowledge. Assen: Van Gorcum, 1977G. Translating Poetry: Seven Strategies and a Blueprint. Amsterdam: Van Gorcum,

1975H. Why waste our time on rewrites? The trouble with interpretation and the role of

rewriting in an alternative paradigm’, in Theo Hermans (ed)The Manipulation of Literature: Studies in Literary Translation, London & Sydney: Croom Helm. 1985

Edited bookI. Ed. Translation: Culture/History: A Source Book. London/New York: Routledge, 1992

Gideon Toury- an Israeli translation scholar,Professor of Poetics, Comparative

Literature, Translation Studies

A. In Search of a Theory of Translation. Tel Aviv: The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics, Tel Aviv University. 1980.

B. Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 1995.

Edited Books

A. Translation Theory: A Reader.Tel Aviv University: Dyonun. 1980.(English and Hebrew)

B. With Itamar Even-Zohar.Translation Theory and Intercultural RelationsThe Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics, Tel Aviv University. 1981.

C. Translation Across Cultures.New Delhi: Bahri Publications. 1987.D. Introducing Translation Theory: Selected Articles.Tel Aviv University:

Dyonun. 1991. 198 pp. (English and Hebrew)

Mona Baker- an Egyptian Professor of Translation Studies

A. Translation and Conflict: A Narrative Account (London and New York: Routledge, 2006).

B. In Other Words: A Coursebook on Translation (first edition, 1992, Routledge; revised and extended edition, 2010).

Edited books: A. Editor of Critical Concepts: Translation Studies (London and

New York: Routledge, 2009).B. Editor of Critical Readings in Translation Studies (London and

New York: Routledge, 2009).C. Editor, together with Gabriela Saldanha, of Routledge

Encyclopedia of Translation Studies (London and New York: Routledge, 2008).

Douglas Robinson- an American scholar in Translation Studies, a fiction writer

The Translator’s Turn, Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991

Translation and Taboo, DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press

Becoming a Translator, London and New York: Routledge,2003

Who Translates? Translator Subjectivities Beyond Reason, Albany: SUNY Press, 2001

Translation and the Problem of Sway Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 2011

Peter Newmark- an English Professor of translation

A. A Textbook of Translation (1988)B. Paragraphs on Translation (1989)C. About Translation (1991)D. More Paragraphs on Translation (1998)

Roger Chriss

Translation as a Profession

Isadore Pinchuck

Scientific and Technical Translation, First Edition (1977)

Mary Snell Hornby

Translation Studies: An Integrated Approach Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1995

Usually however, the literary translator gives no indication of his intention, and publishers’ constraints remain unknown: it is a hallmark of the prototypical literary translation that it is assumed to stand as a valid full-scale representative of the original in a foreign culture………….page no 114

Thank you