A NEW DESIGN OF STAIRCASE CLIMBING TROLLEY

e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )

Volume:04/Issue:03/March-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

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A NEW DESIGN OF STAIRCASE CLIMBING TROLLEY

Sandeep Chhabra*1, Vikas Kumar Srivastava*2, Surendra Singh*3, Vishal Tiwari*4,

Utkarsh Kumar Samaniya*5, Sushant Sangwan*6 *1,2,3,4,5,6Mechanical Engineering Department, KIET Group Of Institutions, Ghaziabad, UP, India.

ABSTRACT

Trolleys are often used to carry heavy weights. With this vehicle, labour costs can be reduced and it can carry

heavy loads even with less human effort. A new alternative design of trolley is proposed for transporting heavy

loads up the stairs. It has been designed to allow you to climb step path with a modified wheel structure. The

aim is to develop a mechanism for easily moving heavy loads on stairs without any other major risk and

without too much cost. The technical difficulty in creating this trolley is the stability and speed of the trolley

when climbing stairs. However, the steep slopes of the stairs are also a central concern of this study. The

challenge in this situation is to design a stair climber trolley that can move up the stairs without slip while

carrying heavy objects. This task details the material handling system for stair climbers which can climb stairs

and move on very rough surfaces. The use of this special vehicle is in the frequent lifting of goods such as

library books, hospital medicine, regular goods from technical or non-technical institutions, or the

transportation of industrial toxic substances. This principle can also be used for a disabled or paralyzed patient

to move on flat surfaces and stairs. The vehicle can be equipped with more wheels to support its weight as it

travels across the flat surface. Each set of wheel frames consists of one wheel and one arm which allows relative

motion between them.

I. INTRODUCTION

Lifting heavy parts and moving them to different locations takes a lot of effort and time. This kind of problem is

very common in industries, factories, production, and manufacturing departments, which transport heavy

equipment parts from one place to another and from one floor to another. The proposed stair climbing trolley is

the vehicle to use with less human effort to operate the cart and move through the stairs. It is one of the wheel

mechanisms adapts to stairs and climbs various floors with the vehicle and on uneven ground. It is very

troublesome to manually carry various things (especially heavy objects) to the upper floors through the stairs

many times. Hence the buildings do not have elevators, remains with only one solution to i.e. carrying the

equipment with human effort. This issue can be resolved if the trolley can lift the cargo while traveling down or

up the stairs. This project will introduce a new way to carry your luggage to the stairs.

The vehicle is designed to have single wheel on each side instead of three wheels as the existing design. The

main focus of this project is to develop a trolley which is ergonomically and economically useful. The need of

carry heavy loads through the stairs in a more time-saving, energy-saving and in less cost, increase the need of

this project and its usefulness. This paper analyses the entire cart structure, including the wheels. In everyday

life, especially in offices, schools, colleges, hotels, industries, homes, etc., have not elevators.

WORKING PRINCIPLE-

The main problem which is facing with existing design (Tri-Star wheel design) is its stability. In Tri-Star wheel

model, at a time two wheels remain in contact with the ground. But when it has to be climb on the stair problem

arise which is, not both wheel (of either side) remains in contact with single step hence the wheel makes an

inclined arrangement. Hence the chance of slip increases, and it is very dangerous because it carries heavy

objects.

The principle used in this new design of staircase climbing trolley for climbing on stair is completely different

from conventional one (i.e., principle used in Tri-Star wheel model). As when a loaded trolley comes near the

step of stair, wheels stops rotating due to step-rise and by pulling handle more, the arm which joins the body

with wheel, starts moving about the axis of wheel (where arm connected to wheel) and center of gravity also

moves toward next step. When the center of gravity of the load reaches at a position right to the vertical line

separate two steps of stair than a moment due to weight of load start working on center of wheel and the wheel

rotates about the axis where arm joined with body of trolley and the trolley steps up. This can be understood by

the following figures (fig 1.1 to 1.2).





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Figure 1

Figure 2

DIMENSIONING-

We define the dimension of this trolley by assuming a load of 100 Kg. The load carried can be increased by

changing the dimensions of trolley accordingly. Which are as follow:





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Wheel

BODY-

ARM-

WHEEL-

(By considering maximum step-rise and minimum tread/run)





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OD=OC=R

BC=R*cos(a)

280=R*cos(a) ………………..…………..eq1

AB=OA-OB

=R-R*sin(a)

180=R-R*sin(a) ……..………..…………..eq 2

=

( )

( ) …………...{from eq 1 & 2

= tan(45-a/2)

a=24.53

R=307.78mm

Hence the minimum radius of the wheel by considering maximum step-rise and minimum tread/run is

307.78mm.

II. MATERIAL SELECTION

Mild steel is most suitable material for this trolley due to following reasons-

It has high tensile strength and high ultimate strength.

It is cost effective.

Machining operation can be performed very easily on it.

It can be case-hardened for better wear resistance.

Welding operation can be performed very easily on it.

Hence, we select mild steel for analysis.

III. ANALYSIS Analysis of this trolley is performed on ANSYS software by finite element method. For determine the maximum

load capacity of the trolley and its effectiveness, different types of stress, strain, deformation etc are calculated

on every part of this trolley which are shown in the following figure.

Fig 3: Von-Mises Stress on 100 Kg Load





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Fig 4: Total Deformation on 100 Kg Load

Fig 5: Maximum Shear Elastic Strain on 100 Kg Load

Fig 6: Normal Stress (X Axis) Under 100 Kg Load





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Fig 7: Normal Elastic Strain (X Axis) Under 100 Kg Load

IV. ADVANTAGES Stair climbing can be easily operated on stairs, slopes and uneven surfaces.

This staircase climbing trolley is more economical the other means e.g. hiring labour for this.

It is time saving.

One can carry heavy load for long distance with comparatively less effort.

This new design of stair climbing trolley is reasonable to nearly all stairs.

Compact in size.

Less chance of slip compared to Tri-Star wheel model.

V. APPLICATIONS Can also be used as normal trolley on even surfaces.

It can be used for carrying load from one floor to another by stairs in houses, shopping centres and hospitals

etc.

It can be utilized in construction works.

VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This vehicle can move smoothly on stairs and on flat surfaces. Variation of speed will be negligible due to steps.

It is free from any noise and vibration. In this new design of staircase climbing trolley friction is also reduced

because of stair wheel instead of Tri-Star (three) wheel. This trolley is also capable to absorb shocks unlike old

model.

This trolley is designed and tested for a load of 100 Kg and for general stairs dimension used in houses. Because

there is no complex structure hence dimension of the trolley can be changed easily according to different

requirement based on load capacity and stair dimension such as step-rise and tread.

VII. CONCLUSION

This new design of staircase climbing trolley will be a game changing concept in the field of load carrying. And

its concept can also be use in different application such as in wheelchair for disabled person. Because for

disabled person it is very hard to travel on uneven surface due to jerk and vibration which can be reduced by

this new concept. By making this trolley automated, it can be used in places where environment is not

compatible for human health such as in mines etc.

VIII. REFERENCE [1] Siegwart R, Lauria M, Mäusli P, Winnendael M. 1998, Design and Implementation of an Innovative

Micro-Rover. Proceedings of Robotics 98, the 3rd Conference and Exposition on Robotics in

Challenging Environments, April 26-30, Albuquerque, New Mexico.





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[2] Hsueh-Er C, Stair-climbing vehicle, 2008. Patent No. US2008164665(A1)”, Jan 24. Mourikis AI, Trawny

N, Roumeliotis SI, Helmick DM, Matthies L. Autonomous Stair Climbing for Tracked Vehicles.

[3] International Journal of Computer Vision & International Journal of Robotics Research - Joint Special

Issue on Vision and Robotics. 2007; 26(7): 737-758.

[4] Britto, PV Rekha and S Sivarasu, conceptual design of a paraplegic walker, in IET conference

publications 2012.

[5] Pratik H. Rathod, Ravi R. Mishra, Nitin A. Waghamare , Design and fabrication of stair climbing hand

truck, International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Development, Issue 3, Vol.5,

September 2013.

[6] Design and fabrication of Stair Climbing trolley B.Ravindar, M.Kiran Kumar, K.Rajashekar, G.Rajkumar

Mechanical Engineering Department, Vaageswari College of Engineering, Karimnagar, Telangana, India.

[7] Stair climbing hand trolley, Prajan Pradip Gondole, Kamlesh Diliprao Thakre in april-2015 , Published

in Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR)

[8] Stair Climbing Vehicle Md. A. Hossain, Nafis A. Chowdhury, Rubaiat I. Linda in jan-2010, Published in

International Journal Of Research Publications In Engineering And Technology.

[9] Design and Fabrication of a Stair Climbing Hand Truck, Avinash V Gaikwad, and Sandip J Kadam,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jawaharlal Darda Institute of Engineering and Technology,

Yavatmal, Maharashtra- 445001, India.

[10] Design and Fabrication of Motorised Stair Case Climbing Trolley, Dr. P.V. Sanjeeva Kumar, Dr.

A.Hemanth Kumar, Dr. P.Varaprasad.

A NEW DESIGN OF STAIRCASE CLIMBING TROLLEY

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