A. B SIG TING

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ct»ktt>A WEEKLY RECORD OF TRADE AND FINANCE

VOL. XII RIO DE JANEIRO, TUESDAY, April 20th 1909 No. 16

BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVE WORKS. Philadelphia, Penn.(Established i83i) BURNHAM, WILLIAMS & CO, Proprietors. (Established isai)

ÉH~í >£__, j^^--___^fl^\0 1

These Locomotíve Engines are adapted to every variety of service, and are built accurately to standard gauges andtemplates. Like parts of different engines of same class perfectly interchangeable. Passenger and Freight Locomotives.

Narrow Gauge Locomotives, Steam Street Cars, &c, &c.Electric Locomotives and Plant for Electric Railways by the Baldwin-Westinghouse Combination.

Ali Work Thoroughly Guaranteed. Illustrated Catalogue furnished on application of customers.Sole Representatives in Brazil: NORTON, MEGAW & CO., Ltd., N. 58, Rua Primeiro de Março, Rio de Janeiro.

THE WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE COMPANY, Pittsburg, PA., U. S. A.Manufacturers of the WESTINGHOUSE AUTOMATIC BRAKE

The Westinghouse Automatic Brake is now in use on 40,000 locomotives and over 1,300,000 freight cars, besides in general use on passenger cars. The Westing-house Air Brake Co. is prepared to fil. orders for one to one thousand sets of Air Brakes for Freight Cars at one hour's notice. For further information apply to their?ole Representatives in Brazil: -.--.-^-rt_T« -. ,4. , _¦ .

HOrtoN, MEGRüQ 8t CO. ü'D-RÜA PRIMEIRO DE MARÇO NO. 58 - Rio de Janeiro

f=yJi- f^^^^g^gj__i3-_-_°s^} J3

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.

A. B SIGBERLIN-TEGEL

ESTABLISHED —1837

4 Grands Prix 20—Highest Awardsj n • t __ _.• p «riímteri to everv varietv of service, or standard and narrow gauge. Articulated

Passenger and Freight Locomotíve Engines ô__Suí_ S^SSrS.. iu™ __> a»™^ locomotives. cbaNE -m»»»»-Poilprs, Steam Engines, Reírigerating and Ice-maMng Machines, Pumps etc. =

Resident Engineer in Rio de Janeiro = ALFRBD CAILLER C. E.ILLÜ_ I KATED CATALOGUES ON AFPI.ICAT10N AVENIDA CENTRAL, 81 — P. O. BOX 911

£2I3___§__3£&

Sll|l^____=Éfí_i_i^~^^j~^^^__l_^^^^^~-______________l--*^^^- ' <a ^vT_^^-__^^ 1______P

PATENT B TINGTelegraphtc Address: GUTTA PERCHA-GLASGOW

A B C and A I Code Useds-R. & J. DICK-Greenhead Works GLASGOWAGENTS AJN» REPRESENTATIVES

) BORLIDO MAIA & Co. 17, RUA DO ROSÁRIO -r_s_ Rio de Janeiro ^=__- BRAZIIa

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Telegraphic Address "Epidermis"

Post Office Box N. 486

Mills. Rua da Gamboa, No. 1HEAD OFFICE:

London : 48, Moorgate Street, E. C.

BRANCH ES:8. Paulo: 4, Rua da Quitanda.Rosário 1086, Calle Santa Fé.Buenos Aires: 335, Calle B. Mitre.

AGENCIES:Victoria, Bahia, Maceió, Pernambuco,

Ceara, Maranhão and ParaCuritiba, Desterro,Rio Grande, Pelota*

and Porto Alegre

8 RI 11These Mills are the LARGEST in the SOUTHERN HEMIS-

PHERE and are fitted throughout with the most MODERNMACHINERY. For the superiority ot their flours they were award-ed a GOLD MEDAL at the PARIS UNIVERSAL EXHIBI1IONot 1889 and the "FIRST PRIZE of BRAZIL" at the ST. LOUISEXHIBITION of 1904, the brands of same, which are dulyregistered at the Junta Commercial, are as follows :

"NACIONAL" (« 8AVOIA99

"BUDA-NACIONAL""BRAZILEIRA" "SEMOLINA"

Daily prodnction oí Flour and Bran: io.ooo BagsOffice: 108, Rua da Quitanda. Rio de Janeiro

THE ROYAL MAIL STEAM PACKET COMPANYTons

Asturias 12,500 j

Avon 11,000

Araguaya -. 10,500• SJ4;

Amazon 10,1)00

Aragon 10,000 L

I; \\ ':£ Danube. ..p .

///í\W: ••^•''0S^C^^^É;'^ :"'

Tons

0,500

0.000

6,5oo

0.000

ijí**^:^^^* ^|<###>!<>!<#* #*##>!<#

p. o. b. n\Tel. OilIAIMUS — Rioe. l. HARRisoN-Representative 53 &nd 55, Avenida Central

oss&mauHj Bse&gtammm&í

JlTxí mimem

112, Cannon Street m ,1$London E. C.ENGINEERS, MERCHANTS

ajni>

W WA ^te

f&^JP ailw'-::ãp;

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TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS "FOUNDATION — LONDON"

Pernambuco - Nathan & Co., Rua do Vigário, 2C do Correio, 118. - Telegrams, "NATHAN" - PERNAMBUCO

Bahia - flathan & Co., Rua das Pnineezas, é ,- I

C. do Correio, 157. - Telegrams, "NATHAN" - BAHIA

de üaneino-Fny. Youle * Co.. Rua da Alfândega Ho. 10C do Correio 211..Telegrams, "FRY" - RIOJANEIRO

LÈ™1™"S LIGHT AND P0WER C0I«PANY. LIMITEDSAO PAULO, CASA MARTINICO __ M0 DE jANEIR0> 76 Ara__ CEJ|TRAIi

*i~ alwT^híníp*? PauQ1°;which is the apitai of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, is situated in

f\lfZ t íh ? ^^8?.°tmfTrS ab°Ve the sea level and 35 miles fr™ Santos, the sea por.of this State.^he chmate is delightful throughout the year, resembling very closely that of SouthernCalifórnia, Sao Paulo is a city of 300,000 inhabitants and may easily be seen by travellers touching atthe ports of Santos or Rio de Jane.ro, the journey from Santos to São Paulo by railway taking 2 hoursand from Rio to Sao Paulo 12 hours. On aceount of the natural resources of the State of São Pauloand owng to its peculiar locat.on, the City of São Paulo is one of the most important commercial cen-ters in South America.

THE SAO PAULO TRAMWAY, LIGHT & POWER CO. LTD.operates ali the tramway lines in São Paulo and supplies ali the electric light and power. Electricity isf oVnn°nPH £ydra"hca ^ ütüúing the falls of the Tietê River, some 35 kilometres below the city.ijí.OOO ti. r\ is developed there at present and works are now in progress for a large increase to theplant to enable the Company to meet the constantly increasing demand for power. Four distinet circuitson two separate steel pole lines convey the current from the Power House to the Substation in São Paulowhere the current is converted for tramway, light and power uses.The Company operates 125 kilometersof track, covering the entire city. The population of the city being largely Italian, good labor is readilyobtained. This and the cheap rates for power is causing many new manufactories to be built.

Information concerning the resources of the country and that relative to the establishment ofnew industries, prices for power etc. can be obtained by application to any of the offices of the Company.

Telegraphic AddressFERRO-RIO a feí k^L M_ J|H &

m fèP. 0. Address

Caixa JSo. 593

General Merchants, Metal Importers and Manufacturers ofBar, Angle and Horse-shoe Iron, Charcoal Box Irons, Wire IVails,

Lead ^ipin&s Mule and Horse Shoes, Bolls, IVuts and Riyets of ali kinds.UNDERTAKE CASÍINGS 0F EVERY DPESCRITION — Sole importers of "RED CR0SS" CEMENT

Sole Importers of Hall's Sanitary Paint "MATOLIN"

CENTRAL OFFICE: -52, RUA THEOPHILO OTTONI, 52

MM^^_í(9am^1

High Glass Prtnting mi

tiê.

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69, íjaa Theophilo Ottoíii, 69(FORMERLY 39)

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mAli kinds of printing, carefully and quickly m

executed mm

Specialíties:—tabular work, including mtimetables, tariffs and Statistical work of ggj—__. ^_ a|| kinds

6»91mSend íop estimat s to the Ulorks g|

69, í(ua Theophilo Ottoüi, 69(FORMERLY 39)

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TO THE TYPOGRAPHIA

jj M and Iiettefppess §1

9382, Rua Visconde de Inhaúma g£

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SOCIÉTÉ FINANCIÈRE ET COMMERCIALE FRANCO BRÉSILIENNESuccs: of NATHAN & CO.

S. PAULO, Rua de S. Bento 48, Caixa do Correio (P. O. Box) K.Telegrapbic Address: "JLUPTON"

SANTOS, Rua Quinze de Novembro 13. Caixa do Correio (P. O. Box) 147

IM P HOTEK8,Telegrapbie Address : "WYKAKI>"

EXPQRTERS AJSV> GENERAL MERCHÀNTS

SPECIALITIES:

Railway Material,Agricultura! and

Industrial Machinery.General Hardware,

Gas and WaterPipes and Fittings

Iron, Steel, Copper, Brassand other Metals

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¦_____-___________|_____MBÍÍ'^^^^^^^^ ¦ ¦"--.-'—-'"-•'. " *-> " - • . -^-x.lT- ^5- tti vAÍ?^^^^

Cement, Belting, Paints,Caícium Carbide.

Sole representativo in theState of São Paulo

OF

THE STANDARD OIL Co.,OF NEW YORK

(Thompson & BedfordDepartment.)

ig:=fc. üi«€§?>_SM3SM£»4£»CATALOGUES REQUESTED

HBAD °FFICE *» PARIS: RUE CHADCHAT No. 3»en to accept 8ole Agencies in the State of São Paulo

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VOL. XII RIO DE JANEIRO, TUESDAY, April 20th 1909 No

Jardim Botânico Tramway CompanvÜEME, IGREJINHA, iPAtfEJffA, COPACABANA AND Gfl^VEA

f^p SUBüRBS. OeligrHtFul retreat» after theheat ofRIOünsurpassed as RE8IDENTIAL DISTRICTS

K8 COMING f

° rao A**^ SXJROJVOLY RECOM.TIBNDBD TO&g LIVE NOWHERE EL8ETLhe new Ii„e« to Leme throngh the tunne! and the thr.uKh electric

Service to Gávea are now open.

M

XTbe molestem ftelearapb Company Xímíteb;THE ONLY DIRECT ROUTE WITH SOUTH AMERICA UNDER ONE MANAGEMENT.

CABLE STATIONS IN SOUTH AMERICA:-WESTERN TELEGRAPH COMPANY.

Braxil.—... Para (Travessa Campos Salles No. 1)

¦Maranham, Ceara. -Pernambuco (Rua do Commercio No. 2).Bahia (Rua das Princezas No. 7). **Rio de Janeiro (Rua da Candelária No. 9).Santos (Praça Mauá No. 29).S. Catharina, Rio Grande do Sul.

Uruguay:—Montevidéo (Calle Cérrito 146)

RIVER PLATE TELECRAPH COMPANY.Argentina:—

Buenos Aires, 287 and 291, Calle San Martin.

WEST COAST OF AMERICA TELECRAPH COMPANY.Chili:-

Arica, Pisagua, Iquique, Antofagasta, La Serena,Goquimho, Concepoion, Coronel, Talcahuano.

Valparaiso (Calle Prat 69).Santiago (Calle Huérfanos).

Peru:—Callao, Lima and Mollendo

NEW YORK

Wsfk—***** JiíQSmKm wk\ /II^^TMUOUE SMMuLolkwffllMnâMiiilifilÉlnl ¦#: /

W ¦AfusníEiu fS^êã mfviossmatsf

CABLE STATÍONS IN EUROPE ANDNORTH AMERICA.—

EASTERN TELECRAPH COMPANY.London: 11, Old Broad Street, E.C.

The Baltio Mercantile A Shipping'Exchange, St. Mary Axe, E.C.

449, Strand, W.C.Liverpool: K13, Exchange Buildings.Manchester: 44, Spring Gardens.Glasgow: 5, Royal Bank Place.Newcastle-on-Tyne: K, Exchange Buildings,

Quayside.Cardiff: 33, Merchants' Exchange, Bute Docks.Madrid: Calle dei Pez 5. £i__ .. *Marseilles: Hotel des HostesMalta: Central Station, St. Georgo'6.Rome: 28, Via Venti Settembre.

COMMERCIAL CABLE COMPANY.Hew York: Commercial Cable Building.Boston: 112, State Street.Halifax, Rova Scotia- 201, Hollis Street.

From SOUTH AMERICA to ALL PLACES.BRAZIL Via WesternUrugnay Via Madeira.Argentina >Paraguay .'.'.

'.'.", Vj-ÍVia Rio de la Plata.CHILI-

£u.nJS.Are,la8 •» Via Rio dela Plata.Ali Other Places ... Via Eastern.Bolívia' 1'

"\ ;}via Eastern.

:pIíIe.a.s:e! j&jljeòiz. -yo-cr^ TELEGRAMS:-To SOUTH AMERICA.

Great Britain Via Eastern Madeira.France—Paris, Borth „ Angleterre Madère.

South „ Malte Madère.Germany „ Emden, Vigo, Madeira.Belgium ... „ Eastern Madère.Holland ... „ Emden, Vigo, Madeira.

Italy

Spain

Portugal ...

... Via Malta, Madeira.

Eastern Madeira.

... „ St.Vincent.

North America and^West Indies j

Commercial.

AGENCIES-ANTWERP: 61 Avenue Marie. , PORTO ALEGRE: K. W. Sefton, Calxsu 13

HEAD OFFICES OF THE COMPANY—ELECTRA HOÚSE, FINSBURY PAVEMÈNT, LONDON, E.C.

PARIS: 37 Rue Caumartln. I

THE BRAZILIAN COAL COMPANY, LIMITEDREPRESENTATIVES OF

GORY BROTHERS 6 C. L'D of Cardiff and LondonColliery Proprietors

Coal Depôts in ali the principal ports of the world.A constant and fresh supply of Cory's Merthyr Steam coal always ia

Stock.Prompt deli very at reasonable prices

Tugboats always ready for serviceEngineering Works.

Repairs to Ships, Launches, Machinery, Lighters etc, effected withthe utmost possible dispach.

OFFICES:Edifício da Bolsa Salas 26 and 27

• Entrance : Rua Gen. Câmara «.„^„Depot: ILHA DOS FERREIROS

P. O. Box 774

Rio de Janeiro Lighterage Company LimitedAli kinds of Maritime harbour transport.

Loading and discharge of vessels.Towage.

Launches on bire for excursions, and for arrival and departureof packets.

Telephone No, 1.718

Office Rua Visconde de Itaborahy(Cães dos Mineiros)

-»'J •";':

>...

I

402 THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW

i i [ i—rui nr Ç • —-—

''•"$wB_s

[April 20th, 1909

a Irtótktt mÊwEditor — J. P, WILEMAN

Offices : Kua Visconde de Inhaúma No. 82P. 0. BOX: 472, RIO DE JANEIRO.

TELECKAPHIC ADDRESS: " REVIEW "-RIOJANEIRO.

Subscription: 60$ or £4 por annum.Payable abroad by sight draft, or choque çrossed British Bank of

South America.Seperatc CopiesBack Numbers

1$2002 $000

1 £ = 16$000.

AGENTS:—RIO DE JANEIRO—

GRASHLEY & Co., rua do Ouvidor No. 36.SAO PAULO—

HILDEBRAND & Co., rua 15 d3 Novor.bro.SOLE AGENTS FOR ADVERTISEMENTS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

JOHN HADOON & Co., 132, Salisbury Squaro, E.C.LONDON AGENTS FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS—

C. STREET & Co., Ltd., Cornhill, No. 33.NEW YORK—

C. R. FAIRBANKS, Room, 22, 68, Broad Street.

AH Communications to bo addrossed to the Editor.

Announcements óf Births, Deaths and Marriages concerningsubscribers ar.d friends are inserted in this " REVIEW " freeof chargé.

SCALE OF CHARCES FOR ADVERTISEMENTSIN ORDINARY POSITIONS.

SPACE |2. Insertns 28 Insertns 12 Insertns 6 Insertns SingleFFrTnsortn Por fnsorm Per r.isertn PerTnscrtn Insertn«¦•ç~ f ¦= o €V-i f "ò"« f U i„ .S.af,Pase ] lõ 2 0 0 2 5 0 2 10 0 2 r nQuarter Piige... 18 10 13 l 50 ft n1/2 inohxS inch 4 5 5 4 fi 7 21/2 inchX4 inch 2 2 3 . . Q

The 52 and 26 Series Rates are for Consecutive Insertions.

12 or 6 Insertions are quoted for upon the understanding thatthe Advertisement appears at least once a month.

ENGLISH ACCOUNTANT Engaged to wrlte up andbalance, monthly, the books of three firms in this City, is opento accept other similar work, whether in English or PortugueseHas had over twenty years experience in Portugal. Permanentappomtment in Banking or Mercantile firm, either here or |nany other Brazilian State, Capital preferred. - Address"Accountant," ofTiCG of this paper. «uuress,

MAIL FIXTURÉS,For Europe. '

April 21— Araguaya, Royal Mail, for Southampton.21.—Cap Arcona, H.S.D.G., for Hamburg.28.—Nile, Royal Mail, for Southampton.29.—A Steamer, P.S.N.C, for Liverpool:

May 3.—Kõnig Freidrich August, H.S.D.GL, for Hamburg.5.—Avon, Royal Mail, for Southampton.6.—Cap Verde, H.S.D.G., for Hamburg.

12.—Clyde, Royal Mail, for Southampton.12.—A. Steamer, P.S.N.C, for Liverpool.12.—Atlantique, Messageries Maritimes, for Bordeaux.15.—Cap Blanco, H.S.D.G., for Hamburg.19.—Aragon, Royal Mail, for Southampton.26.—Thames, Royal Mail, for Southampton.26.—Cap Ortegal, H.S.D.G., for Hamburg.26.—Magellan, Messageries Maritimes, for Bordeaux.27.—A Steamer, P.S.N.C, for Liverpool.

For the River Plate and Pacific.April 25.—Cap Verde, H.S.D.G., for Santos.

26.—Atlantique, Messageries Martimes, for Buenos Aires.27.—Clyde, Royal Mail, for Buenos Aires.27.—A Steamer, P.S.N.C, for Valparaiso.28.—Cap Blanco, H.S.D.G., fór Buenos Aires.

May. 3.—Aragon, Royal Mail," for Buenos Aires.9.—Magellan, Messageries Maritimes, for Buenos Aires.9.—Cap Ortegal, H.S.D.G., for Buenos Aires.

For the United States.

May. 3.—Tennyson, Lamport and Holt, for New York.

Purê Drugs and Pharmaceütical Products. Fixed prices,and weights guaranteed. Prescriptions carefully prepared.—GRANADO & C, Rua Primeiro de Março 14 (formerly 12),Rio de Janeiro.RS

ÁGUA MATTO NI from GIESSHUBL, the spring nearCarlsbad. A natural alkaline acidulated water. Excellent forthe Liver, Kidneys, and Stomacíi, and for loss of appetiteGrand.Prix. Paris 1900. 60 Medals and diplomas.

ACUA MATTONI. SILVA GONÇALVES & CO.P.O. Box: 1,283 .11 Rua Municipal 11 Telephone: 1,381

111h <£__£

N? 1, Rua General Câmara, N? 1(In the building of the Kio Commercial Association.)

In front of the British Consulate General,Near the main entrance to the Custom House.

RIO DE JANEIRO.The lest _nd coolest place in the City. First-class iced drinks

of every description.¦"^^¦¦^^¦^¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦B-BBBBB^

TO LET.FOR SIX MONTHS, A FURN1SHED HOUSE, RUA

PAYSSANDU No. 230. FOR INFORMATION APPLY RUATHEOPHILI OTTONI, No. 48.

The perfection ofstrength

and flexibilitycombined with

lightness anddurability

Complete assortments of British Hosiery, Leggings and Waterproofs

RUA DO OUVIDOR 67 B~Rio de JaneirolJj;iea Dr. As.toiilo Prado 7 — S. _?aulo

RUA FORMOSA 31 — BAHIA _.AGENTS IN -._.!._ HE PRtNdPAL _ÍX_ "K>© OIP BRAZIL

FACTORY^-RUA DA MOÓCA 131, ~_ÂO PAULO

April 20th, 1909] THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW403BEHREND SCIíMIDtT^Õ

BEPílESENTATÍVES OF THE ^V^.

Gebr. Boehlert ct;V1â sSfr'"9 f i™* Ges*<*<"<->

The largest Electrical Works in the World, comprising sixfactories and employing 35,000 workmen 'Manufacturers of Electrical Goods of every descriptionExperts sent without charge to the Interior to make examination and estimates for important installationsCorrespondenee and inqniries pcrtaining to anything Elec-tncal are solicited. &

DynaôsiTanfofwhieíf^f f™™* for «» op™fi_ of

Allon * oY'?qí«n # ¦alre^dy m use in South America,-ai Pumos ,ti ??gmeS for W00d or coal an<* centrifu-frinkler

PManífaPctur8S _« ««<>»; Oil Engines of

to V liu ? '•, economical known, using onlv Vtj WàMtSv#' f"

'W* kerasene Per hõrse-power

oeieb4tedSenrMTnÍSú?eaPh ""'"^ and SUPP'ÍeS °f th«

46,

Ali mfr^Í °f Ph81'0Ph0n8S J°r ia,erl0r teleP»0^ - «*—7 tow prices (8 ,. 20 mil réis,Ali material guaranteed absolutely to be of the fS qualityCEPICB AND GENEEAL WAREHOU8E M«*lliy.RUA DA ALFÂNDEGA, 46. W „ JJNEIÇo. (p. o. Box 724.)

Çettttt ilisLocal I-tems.-The returns of. the Director-General of the

_y

PubLu uîifl lor une week ended April llth, 1909, are asolIowS:-Yellow fever, 0; bnbonie plagne, 0 __ p_f |measles, 1; scarlet fever. 0: wlmnni^v ^;«w i j.^xl...•' ; }mflnenza, H; typhoid fever, 0; dyfetey, 2 f b^riberí; 0 TeprósyTÎT^f %

lj T"811 f6VerS' 5;P^monary diseases, 53Total deaths from ai causes, 254, equal to an annual rate of20.78 per thousand inhabitants. Mortality of infectious diseasesto total number of deaths, 32.67 per cent. Under treatment inhospitais: Yellow fever, 0 j smallpox, 32; bubonic plague, 2 •

under observation, 11. r h, , ,

vi ~

W' J; l\ Wileman arrived from England on the s.s.íwle on Tuesday last.— During the earlier part of the week the weather wasovercast and showery, and there was a marked decline in thetemperature. Towards the end of the week the clouds clearedaway and we had one or two of those gloriously bright andcool days winch make one forget ali the trials and troubles -»f

tlie summer and decide that certainly sometimes the climate i fKio is unexcelled any where. Holy week had been a time of life-lessness m the markets and in the business quarters of the City,for business was practically suspended for four days, namely:Jhursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday, and there was a gene-ral air of depression and a strong smell of " bacalhau " in theair. On the Saturday known as " Alleluia " there were theusual festivities, ringing of bells, burning of Judases, firing otfof rockets et hoc genus omnc. There was a battle of confetti,organised by the Prefeçtura, in the Campo de São Christovãoand in the evening there were processions of the various Carni-vai Clubs. On Easter Day there was also a good deal doing,though the weather was not wholly propitious on either of tliedays. Things have now luckily settled down into the normalcondition of the " trivial round—the common task," and Carni-vai, Lent and Holy Week, are things of the past for another ,year.

—- During the week there were 254 deaths in the Federal .Districts, as against 272 in the previous week. Deaths fromsmallpox numbered only 5, we are glad to note, for such a lowrecord has not been touched for many a long week. Influenzacarried off 11 victims and tuberculosis 56. The number of birthswas 30G, so that tbe balance continues oil the right side instead Iof on the wrong, where it remained for so long. Marriagesnumbered 42, ri • '

— There is a great movement this month amongst the newnaval units being built in England for the Brazilian Navy.During the month the destroyers Matto Grosso and Amazonasare to be completed. On the 15th the Parahyba was launchedin Glasgow, whilst yèsterday was marked for the launch of theDreadnought São Paulo, and to-day for the taking of the waterby the scout Rio Grande. Trials will also be made very shortlywith the Dreadnought Minas Geraes. Our readers will remem-ber that a few weeks ago the question was once more mooted (.fthe purchase of the Brazilian Dreadnoughts by the BritishGovernment. That England has at last woken up seems cer-tain and that the Navy will be considerably increásed is equallycertain, if only in deference to the popular clamour, but theconsent of the Brazilian Government would have to be obtainedand a pretty heavy price paid before England could becomepossessed of these mammoths. Apropos of the question, theTimes publishes the following:—" The suggestion has been madein some quarters that at the present time it would be well topurchase, if possible, the three large battleships which are being

shiD'ofThp d!Tf dlíS'?Ce between these ves^ls and otherships of the Dreadnought type. The country has dearlv bou-ht

pLb PXh6have

Tisd?m,"f °btai'™« 4* Sr a mLentSopanic wtach have been built m this country for foreieners

SSLSa* a°,"dg ti 0l ""* pUr°haS?' datÍ"S hack to th™

WÊÊmk ° °Ue CaSe can 3t be said that as good value

nr nt 1 the money as could have been obtained by büillHfor ourselves. Such purchases have been over and over aS h

?avCdnw, ^ WaSt6/Ul a"? «travagant. It mast be bette? olay down nnproved vessels and push them on. Moreover and

tlevnr ' rT>,the

f1""5 must rema™ * « countrynnínthey are completed, and, if the need should arise in the futurethZZ o°n -G S}!PP£Sed that we ca™ot have them if we wantthem at a pnce.» Our contemporary also says:-- We are -e-statemenV Sf P™"!"11 ^"'^ *° p,,b"slf the ^wingtí^!f 7- n

Brazillan Minister has just received instruo"whnlt°m +\GoVernif.ent \° stat^ that there is no foundationwhatever m the assertion that the Brazilian Government hasthe mtention to cede to another Power any of the three Dread-"noughts which are now being built in England. Brazil con-siders them necessary for tho protection of her own long coastIme, and she has no need to sell them."

„ ~

4* a moment when in England ali that is humanlypossible is bemg done to get the masses to realise that the firstduty of a free citizen is to be prepared to defend his country, itis interestmg to note the rapidly increasing popularity of rifleand shooting clubs in Brazil. There are already quite a largenumber of these clubs both in Rio and São Paulo, one of theRio clubs we believe having enrolled ãú less than 5,000 mem-bers who every week take their turn at being drilled, tatighthow to handle a rifle and to shoot straight. In São Paulo it" isthe same thmg, whilst every encouragement is given by theMinister of War and by the Government for the establishmentof these institutions.ali over the country, so that ni a few years-there will be but few young men, or middle-aged men for thatmatter, who do not know something of military training and ofthe elements of marksmanship. Two days ago the Minister ,fWar went up to inaugurate a new rifle club at Juiz da Forawhich has been called after the President of the Republic!There can be no doubt of the excellent influence these clubs willhave on the physical and intellectual capabilities of their mem-bers, whilst the country is the gdiner. by having: such^goodmaterial to fali back on in case: \# em.ergency. There is noreason why learning to shoot should breed that spirit of mili-tarism which seems to be such-â bogey to many people 'n

England though, after ali, it is better to have militarism andsecurity than complacence foliowed by defeat.— It is stated that the Minister of Public Works has re-fused to grant a concession to Engineer José Silveiro Barbosafor the running, for a period of fifty years, of a double line ofelectric trams along the new Avenues of the "Port of Rb deJaneiro. It is to be hoped that the questiorTof these lines willbe settled soon, and certainly, % seems to tfc layWah,: that the

simplest thing in the World would be to grant permissioir tq theRio de Janeiro Tramway, Light and Power Company to-extendtheir system along the avenues in question. Their presentsystem runs practically ali round the Port Works' área and aotrams could run into the City exçèpt along their lines, whilstthe value of a unified system is too obvious to need comment.At present several ships are coming alongside the ' ne/vy quaysand within a short time a very large number will be berthingevery day, but, so far, there are no means of communieationwith the town at ali, for there are no trams and no cab orautomobile stands. It is time the matter was taken in hand,though, as a matter of fact, it would not take the Light and

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404 THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW [April 20th, 1909.

Power Company long to run their lines down ali the Avenues.Still, as the public will soon be wanting to get to and from the

quays in incrèasing numbers, there is sure to be a protestunless some stops are taken.

Apropos of the new quays and the City Improvementsdischarge, we understand that practically every ship that berthsalong the quays sends in a protest to the British Consul withregard to the offensive smejl which cirçulates so freely. Hereagain something ought to be dono as soon as possible, thoughwhy tho powers that be omitted to take steps years ago hasnever been satisfactorily -explained. The City Improvementswere there long before the quay wall, and arrangements shouldhave been made before the commencement of the work on thenew quays for the remova! of the discharge station to someother spot. We believe that some such measures are now beingconsidered, but it is a little late and will probably cost theAdministration more than it would have done a few years ago.The City Improvements are not in the least to blame, but theauthorities are for not having approached them on the subjectlong ago. We can well believe that berthing along the wall isnot exactly pleasant under existing conditions, especially in thehot weather, and we hear that an agitation is being made togive steamèrs entering the Bay the option of berthing at thequays or of discharging into lighters in the Bay as at present.Probably a great many steamèrs would elect to take the secondcourse and this would mean a loss against which it would bequite worth the Government?:? while to guard.

The new building of the Central Police Station is to beereetcd bj' Dr. Heitor de Mello, whose plans and estimates havebeen accepted by Government. The contràct will be signed sosoon as it has been approved by the Engineer of the Ministry

of Justice and certain changes in the plans, suggested by theChief of Police and by the Chief Medicai Officer, made. Thebuilding is estimated to cost 1.092:000$000. The sooner thenew building is ready the better it will be for the communitv,for it must greatly hamper the efficiency of the Police Depart-ment to work in the wholly inadequate and cramped premisesthey occupy at present.

—¦ Admirai Jaceguay has received news from Hamburg thatthe new tug intended for the buoying service of the Bay has justbeen launched. During the tenure of office of the present Ad-ministration a great deal has been done in the way of lightingtho Bay by means of illuminated buoys, and it certainly Avas notbefore it was needed, as the Bay of Rio is one of the mosttreaoherous in the world in certain parts, as there are numerousrocks which are only just a few feet below the surface whichconstitute a constant source of danger to small craft. We saysmall craft advisedly, for the large steamèrs anchor in a partof the Bay which is practically free from these sunken rocks.

Amongst the passengers who passed through Rio on theRoyal Mail s.s. Danube on Wednesday last were the Duke ofRichmond and Gordon and Lieutenant General R. S. S. Baden-Powell, who have been paying a visit to Buenos Aires and theWest Coast. Mr. Midzushima, representative in Brazil of theCompanhia Industrial Sul-Americana, whose head offices are inTokio, also left for Europe on the same steamer

For some time large quantities of false notes have beenflooded on this and other markets, and the police have beenconstantly on tho qui vive to run the forgers to earth. A fewweeks ago an important arrest was made and last week, afteran exciting affray in the woods near the National Museum,three more men were caught, though, unfortunately, the worstoffender is said to have got away after throwing a large bundleof false notes into the river. A few false notes of the lastAmerican issue of 20$000 were found on the prisonérs, whilstthe police are dragging the river for the lost bundle. It onlv

shows how smart these forgers are that they waste no time inproducing counterfeit presentments of new notes, and their skillis such that only a close inspection will reveal the spurious-ness. Not only have many notes been forged lately, but thereis said to be a great deal of false silver coinage in circulationwhich is very difficult to detect without dropping the pieces una stone surface and listening to the ring, a manceuvre which isnot always possible when one is paying a tram fare or the like.Undoubtedly the public ought to keep their eyes open for thesedeceptions, which, of course, are carried to much greater lengthsin the interior.

It is stated that the Rio Sanitary authorities have re-quested the Argentine Minister to supply them with a pamphletçòiitaining the regulations for the campaign against alcoholismv.bieh is being undertaken in Buenos Aires. We must say thatas regards drunkenness we consider that Rio is, by comparison,very free from this vice, for most of the World's othergreat capitais compare unfavourably with Rio in this respectso far as one can judge from appearances. It is but seldomthat one sees a drunken man in the streets here, a sight, un-fortunately, not by any means uncommon in most of the greattowns of England, whilst crime here in many instances has asits motive robbery or passion; drink, we should imagine, notbeing responsible for nearly such a large percentage of crimasas in Europe. Possibly the habit of drinking so much coffeehas a good deal to do with the prevailing sobriety for, as ourforeign readers may not know, Brazilians, as a rule, when theymeet say: "come and have a cup of coffee." Whether con-stant cups of coffee throughout the day are good is open toquestion as being likely to affect the nerves, but in moderationit. is, as Bacon said: "a drink that comforteth the brain andheart and helpeth digestion."

A telegram from Vienna states that the shippingcompany to which we referred a short time ago, has now beendefinitely' formed, for the purpose of establishing a service ofrapid steamèrs between Trieste, Brazil and Argentina. Thecapital of the concern is stated to be 6,000,000 kronen, whilstthe number of voyages will commence at 18 per annum.

The new Chargeurs Réunis s.s. Ouessant was in the Baylast week. She is a sister ship to the other three new vesselsbelonging to this line which have already been put into theBrazil and Argentina service. The other three are the Malte,Ceylan and Corse, ali of them fine-looking ships with good ac-commodation for a large number of First, Second and Third-class passengers. The Chargeurs Reunis are, like other pro-gressive lines, making a bid for part of the ever-increasingcarrying trade between South America and Europe.

The President of the Republic, the Minister of PublicWorks, and other high officials, will make an expedition toTijuca tomorrow to inaugurate the work done on the collectingof the waters of the River Mantiquira, which forms part of thenew water supply of the Federal Capital. The inauguration,which will take place at the large reservoir, will mark the finalstage in the execution of the scheme. It is stated that theMinister of Public Works will probably visit the River Manti-quira itself on the following day.

r,- TT ^ m1eetinS to°k place, on Saturday, when Dr. FranciscoBicalho laid before the Minister of Public Works and the PortCommission the draft of the call for tenders for the leasing ofthe Rio de Janeiro Port Works which is to be issued shortly.^

— We read the following in an American contemporary: —Brazil has to-day one of the best smokeless powder factoriesand owes this to General Modestino de Assis Martins and MajorsFerreira Ne tto and Alexandrino, who carne to this country byauthonsation of the Brazilian government, to purchase the

proper material for it. The details of this machinery, in sketchma—

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Cable-Address BORLIDO-RI0

B0RLID0 MAIA á CO.P. 0. BOX 131

ESTABLISHED 1878General Alercbants, Importers «fe Contractors

Head-Office

SUPPLY THE PRINCIPAL BAILWAY AND STEAMSHIP COMPANIES OF BRAZILImporters of Railway Appllances, Tools; Repair Material for Cars Locomotivest k • ¦"« r, Bo,Ie?s' Wagons ; Lubricating Oils, Varnishes locomotives,Lubricating Greases, Burning Oils: Railwav Aimarahifl T»^!!'- i * . à ,and Mining Machine.T/Implement? TooTs TZÚlÍTn&k A£ncultural

Pampa, Scales, Safes, Printing Presses, ArTisans' Toóls • Ruffi$ ? K?*1"*'. ZHose ; Galvanized Iron PoSS But wiÍr^6' Md CaDVa8Babbitt Metal ; Paints, Colo», GJass, Inks t2S^Í£S£! • EJectricalMachinery and Supplies : Clocks W-ifnhpa-H^;,^P T eal

I-, Bnilders- and PJumbera- BÛes; A^^^X.^ and Duca.AGEI?T8 ANO REPRESENTATIVES forR. & J. Dick, GlasgOW - Original Balata Belting.

Mander Brothers, London - oisina Water Paintv^Tt ^

Cv rÍngt°n NCW Y0Fk - *Ú*f*H Oils and GreaseWm Simons & Co Ltd., Renfrew Scotland - Dredge cüuat,uctorS.Rua dO ROSariO 17 - Rio de Janeiro - Brazil

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April 2 O th. 1909.]ipimii il « . i i Mim i

THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW 405

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Hard Felt 344Straw Hats of Best Foreign Makers. Fixed Prices

.... ., AJ. Large assortment °f Panamá Hats from 20$000 to 200$000W,ck s Adjustable Fancy Hat Bands. "Mangueira" the Hall Mark for quality.

who t{Zéã!nZTJmPFd Snd apP1'°Ved * General Martins,

That tw!^ } en^ermg and mechanical ability, sothat the factory is now pne of the finest in existe-nce and rPn!msed as such by ali experts in this line. G^STíSmSCrtmtf "ir™ VIthe, ?ra2Íhan MüC Cg.Mea ^BahH Tnrl M Ti

**S$ delegate of that department atBahia, and Major Alexandrino, sub-director of the smokelesspowder factory at São Paulo." smokeies*

Din ^piwÍS the

Ti11™61' T^,8 many V*0^ in this townwScn wAf +°n

he 1Jon-alcohollc beverage called « Biltz,»ii r, °f late years become so Popular, not only here butai over Europe, so it may be of interest to'those of oufrelders

iuT u °?e"»son °r another, are Biltz drinkers, to hear thatthe shareholders of Bdtz, Limited, have empowered theirdirectors to issue $250,000 in 9 per cent. debentures, redeem-able at $105. lhe new capital is, it is stated, for the construo-tion ot new mstallations and buildings.

— The Minister of Marine has given orders for the erec-tion of an electric hft on the Ilha das Cobras which will carrvpassengers lo the highest point on the island. The lift hasamongst other things, been fitted with an ambulance bed, toallowof sick people being taken comfortably and easily up tothe Hospital. ^

. ~7.

^r. Eunapio Deiró, whose writings were well-known InKio, died somewhat suddenly in the Santa Casa de Misericórdialast week. Dr. Deiró had lived for many years in one of thecells of the Convent of Santo Antônio and when taken ill shnthimself up and refused to see aiiyone or take any nourishmentuntil prevailed upon by the Superior to allow himself to betaken to the Hospital.Baron von Maltzan, Secretary of the German Legation,returned from the South last week and left again the same dayfor Europe on leave of absence.

The Minister of Public Works has extended the period,withm which the tènders for the new floating docks to accommo-date the new Dreadnoughts must be sent in, from the 12th tothe 27th inst. Presumably this will give time for the variousEuropean firms who wish to compete to get their tenders here. í

We beg to congratulate our contemporary O Jornal doBrasil on attaining its 28th birthday.

The number of accidents by which persons were killedwhich occurred in London during 1907—the last year for whichofficial statisties are available—was. 283, as compared with 212in 1906, and 172 in 1905 • while the number of accidents by whichpeople were injured was 16,772, as compared. with 14,060 in1906, and 11,688 in 1905. This alarming increase in accidents—and it is understood that the figures for 1908 will exceed againthose for 1907—synchronises, " The Daily Telegraph " pointsout, with the advent and increase in motor traffic. Of the acci-dents which resulted fatally, 126 were caused by motor traffic,and of those which caused injuries, more or less serious, 5,458were due to the same, iorm of propulsion. During the year1908 the Municipal Ambulances in Rio attended 3,398 streetaccidents directly, whilst the staff must have attended at least1,000 at polico stations, etc , bringing the total to some 4,400,whilst the Police Ambulances must have given aid in about2,000 cases. We should thus get a total of 6,400 accidents in atown of 850,000 inhabitants, whilst in London, where there areclose on 7,000,000 inhabitants, there were 16,722 accidents,which is much less by comparison. The traffic in Rio is notdense, but the people have a habit of walking in the road in-stead of on the pavement, a dangerous practice in these days j>fswift motor-cars. The number of accidents works out at about1 in 440 in London and at about 1 in 130 in Rio.

ti™7iPe-rreSnent ?f.the RePublic ha« signed a decree crea-tQBrlian,

Consulate at Colombo, Ceylon. Another decreeSit RepTuctf BoHví.,,a'

"f "" ^ °f ^ *™

^iuT- .The^r6^dent of the Republic has signed a decreeII\maTf

he Mimster of Public Works t0 °Pe11 a credit of25J 000$ for expenses connected with the preparations now inhand for the Census of 1910.

+w ~+uh%> aven™\ 01\ either «de of the Mangue Canal be-tween the Praça 11 de Junho and the bridge which connects theRua Senador Euzebio to the Boulevard de São Christovão havenow been handed over to the jurisdiction of the Prefect by theRort Works Commission.

•di ^~^T\ °- D- Simmons, Manager of the London and River.Plate Bank m this city, is leaving for Europe on the ssAraguaya to-morrow. During his absence Mr. H. Weigall willbe in charge.

S. PAULO.

Q a Tnn^fi? *h® we!Lk th*™ were 239 births, 42 marriagesand 100 deaths in the Capital of the State.

w ~1lH'roií1 the rePurt which the Director of the S. Paulo PostOftice has just presented to the Postmaster-General, it wouldseem that even in S. Paulo this department is not in as goodconditicm as could be wished. In the Capital of the State therewere 319 employees (in Rio there are 917, which seems a verysmall allowance) of whom 101 earn the princely salary of from45$ to 105$; 183 earn from 105$ to 216$, whilst there are onlv35 officials who earn more than 216$ per month. The PostOftice building is also stated to be quite inadequate, and it is

pomted out that, as Government pays a rent of 54:000$ perannum, with a capital sum producing this amount in interest,new and adequate premises could be erected. Dr. BaptistàCardoso suggests various very simple means of facilitating thecorrespondence both to Rio and to the interior. He also callsfor the re-orgamsation of the Santos Post Office, which is oneof the most important in the country.~~ According to a Decree issued by the President of theState, a period of four months is fixed for the signing of acontract for the construetion of a railway from S.~o Sebastiãoto the Minas frontier. The first sections of the lines must bemade from the São Sebastião end, but, after 10 kilometres havebeen completed, work may also be commenced at São José. dosCampos. The concessionaire will have a right to ali waterf.xllsin the zone which are on unoecupied land and which can beused for electric purposes and will thus aid in the construetion

of the line.

PERNAMBUCO.Mr. J. Lorimer, General Manager qf-the Great Westernof Brazil Railway, left for Europe on tlie Royal Mail s.s.Amazon. Ü? '¦..¦ ,A.-

PARA.The Inspector of the Custom House has caused a stir inthe shipping circles by issuing an order to the effect that ownersand consignees of vessels entering the Port shall send in a re-

quest for a license to discharge, the said licence to carry stampsto the value of 4$400. The Lloyd Brazileiro and other com--panies have protested, so far without result.

ACUA MATTONI. SILVA GONÇALVES & CO.P.O. Box: 1,283 II Rua Municipal 11 Telephone: 1,391.

II I


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The Medning of Money. 2nd Kilition. By Hártley Withers'. Published. bySmith, ISlder and Co., i.r>, Waterloo Place, London. Price, 7s. (;<l.;.net.

It is a long time since \vo have read so interesting;andüluminating a work on " Money." " The meaning òf money,'1says Mr. Hartley Withers, " is not a question of econòjnictheory," but " a matter óf plain, practiçal fact." But to ex-plain and understand phenomcna, econpmic or otherwise, somekirid òf theory is indispensablè on which to found c.nclusions.What Mr. Withers means b| " Money " is really the workiugof ali the complex mechanism employed in the manufactureof and dealings m credit, what is generally known as the MoneyMarket.

It is, therefore, the meaning, not of money directly, but ofthe money market of which Mr. Wiit_.ers discourses in a stylethat, like ali brue art, is simple, and so devoid of technicálitiesas to bo comprehensible to tlie least initiated, and so interest-ing that, despite of his disclaimer, it is hard, once begun, tolay the volume aside.

Money, when legal tendei-, is, on the one side, debt; onthe other, it entails the right to demand instant liquidation uiany oi the commoditiés, serviços or properties that may beoifering for sale.

To extend the right to demand goods, etc. payable in onecurrency, such as Brazilian paper money, to another countrywhere tlie legal tender is gold, somo further mechanism thanmerely local legislation is clearly necessary.

This is provided by the market quotations of rates of ex-change, which are based, in their turn, on the relations ofsupply-of and demand-for bills, chiefly, representing merchan-dise shipped from and to the rest of the World by any particu-lar country.

Whether money bo gold, silver, paper, or even cowrie shells,so long as it has currency auywhere as legal tender and thereis something in that country to export that other countriesrequire, it will have an international value that, it is true, isniosb easily determmabie in gold, the best accepted standard >ívalue.

But to argue thereti'om that gold is the basis of credit, sofar at least as this form of credit is concerhed, seems a con-iusion oi cause with enect.

The true basis oi credit is not the instrument by which itis created and in which debt is disciiargaoie, but tne reiationbetween tho amount oi debt and rign. to demand paymentcreated thereby and the amlity to pay rneasured m rignòs, pro-perty or conmiodities. (Jredit was not created by y,old, but goidused as money to liquidate creüiD. Uoid is mereiy toe insira-ment for the aischarge oi .debts in countnes wiiere gold is alonetne legal tender, and for ultimato liquidation oi Daiances be-tween countries using ditferent standards.

in this sense it may be lookca on, Íor simpiicity's sake, asthe basis oi credit; because, without it, it would, under exist-ing .eircumstances, be nnpossibte to liquidate international oreven national balances, biiouid, howe\ er, sometning nappen tomake gold as cbeap and abunciant as, say, iron, it migut, andprobabiy would, lçse ali value as a standard, witnGut, nowever,uestroymg either the real basis oi credit or iuternational ex-changes, which are, as we ha\ e said, bastd not on the desire lopossess more or less gold, but on tne rignt to demand paymentot undiscliargecl debt that money ot any kmd stands íor. AsMr. Withers goes on to show, money might be done away vvit.aaltogether were it possible to lind a oásis for tne creation < 1credit that would ensure permaneiit equilibrium between th_aeniands oi buyers and resources oi seiiers ali the world over.

This basis, tnough iocally so nearly appróached in iüngland,has yet to be discovered anci meaiiwhiie s.me gold is índispens-able for liquidation oi diílerences, national and international.Ali the same, it seems scarcely correct to speak of gold as tnelíasis of Credit." Money/' says Mr. Withers, " is certainly a conimodity,but it cannot be bought or sold like any other, Íor that woiudimply exchanging it íor itseif."

This is carrymg generalisation too far. International!y,money, i.e., debt or tne rignt to demand payment oi same, sbougne and soíd every day. Jbivery day gold sovereigns arepaid for silver iranes, or Jbrazilian paper nnireis, not so muchoecause oi any " intrinsic " value tney may possess, but be-cause by means oi them the hoiders can proportionately pur-ehase in the country where they are respectively current wiiatso-ever there may bo to seli and they may desire to buy.

Localiy, or course, no one wouia waste time m selling orbuying sovereigns with other sovereigns or credits ciischaigeabiotherein. So when money is spoken oi ih its (Jity sense, it isthe uso or loan of it that is meant, and its so-cailed " price "is merely tho rate oi interest charged for such ioans." Monetary Operations," says Mr. Withers, "may bedividèd into turco íuam divisions: (d) ordinary buying and sei:.-ing; (_) local ioans and discounts; (3) money exchanged in oneplace Íor money on another. in ali tnese there is one eonstantíactor, which is, money payable here and now, or Cash."

Money m iüngland consists not only of gold and silver andbronze coms and bank-notes, but of ali the inmimèrable ciiequesin circulation by means oi which payments to tlie value oi somethirty millions are daily liquidated at the cleàring house

by simple book entries without any actual exchangeof money at ali. Tlie expansion of the currency by theuse of cheques was the consequence of the restrictions placedby the Rank Act óh the right to issue notes. " It is," saysMr. Withers, " a wondrous example of human ingenuity appliedto the furtherance of trade, finance and speculation. There isnothing quite like it any where glse, and its development liasonly been rendered possible by the confideiice based on solidexporience of the majority of Englishmen in one anotlier's com-morcial probity and readiness to carry out a contract at alicosts." " Good banking," he goes on to say, " is produced,not b;>r good laws, but by good bankers.""We

venture to remark in this respect, that good bankersare themselves to some degree the outeome of laws that, if theydo not force bankers in England to be " good," make it atleast very dangerous and disagreeable to be " bad."

'] be principio of this new and original currency is mutualindebtedness. Ry exporience Banks learn exactly the propor-tion that their issues of credit or right to draw chequesir.ust hold to their realizable resources and take care that theseshall be as liquid as possible.

Next to Cash the most liquid security is day-to-day bills,which form so large a próportion of the modern bankers assets.

It is, indeed, the necessitj^ of employment of deposits insome safe and easily realizable form that gives rise to alarge part of the international movement of gold so puzzlingto outsiders.

Could ali credits be liquidated by book entries merely,there would bo no necessity for any gold at ali except as areservo in time of panic. But even in normal times there isalways some balance that requires -notes or gold for settlementbecause, perhaps, soineono wants to ship gold abroad or thee-xchaiiges have turned against London and made it profitableto ship metal.

The manner in which foreigners may obtain gold in Londonis by drawing on some accepting house whereby their bills be-come " first-class paper " and are discounted by bill brokers,who, in their turn, borrow from the cheque-paying banks todo so.

The cheaper and more abundant money is, thelower therato of discount and of interest will fali, and the more foreignbills will be poured into London for discount. Meanwhile, thelow rate of interest, generally >_ per cent. over discount rate,will cease to áttract the foreign hoiders of English bills who,consequcntly, will take the first opportunity of realising andremitting abroad. This, if long indulged in, will turn ex-changes against London until the point is reached when it isprofitable to ship specie or bullion." It may be said," writes Mr. Withers, " that the essen-tial funetion of English banking which differentiates it fromother institutions which are very nearly but not quite banks, isthe fact that it gives customers the right to draw chequesagainst credits arising sometimes from the deposit of cash, moreoften from advances against securities, or from the discountingof bills, and is prepared to meet these cheques on presentationby pàying coin or notes across the counter."

For every cheque presented gold may be demanded which,ultimately, has to be supplied by the Bank of England.

When, therefore, the drain becomes too persistent, theBank interferes, and by borrowing from the market decreasestlie supply available for other Banks, obliges them to stop sell-mg

credit and even to call in some of their day-to-day loans.

If that should not prove effective, the rate of discount is raisedand with it the rate of interest, the stream of foreign paper-seekmg discount declines, and foreigners renew or re-invest inLondon bills. So the current is changed, and exchanges turnedm favour of the country again.Sometimes, as in the American crisis of 1907, it is necessaryto put the rate of discount up as high as 7 per cent. to bringthe open market into line and attract gold from abroad, but inthe ong rim, clunisy and prejudicial to certain trade interestsas this mechanism may be, it never fails, because when therato oi interest becomes sufficiently tempting, foreign bankerswill always bo anxious to senti money to London, knowing thatWhenever they want it back they can have it in gold.That, with its unrivalled Banking system, is what reallyrfcal.es London the Money market of the World. " The benefitsays ;Mr. Withers, " that. London confers on InternationalBanking by providmg this most useful facility of always ob-tainmg gold, makes it important for international banking dotake care that London _s not overstrained by performino- thisfunetion. Because, if these facilities, given bv London llone,üid i ot exist, tlie whole machinery of international bankingwould bo thrown out of gear. The interest is specially strongin .he case of foreigners who keep a balance in London whichis borrowed. London is continually lending its name on a billand giving credits which make the cash of international tran-sactions. In times of crisis it can cut down these credits andcall m loans from ali tho World. This power is itsélf a reserve,but its exercise would take time, and the length of time dependon tne ability of our foreign creditors to get gold from theircentral banks But the fact that foreigners habitually owe uslarge suins, which we should call in if we were pressed, makesthem desire to save us from being pressed."It needs no great acumen to understand that with this self-assumed but highly profitable funetion of acting as distributorof gold for ali the World, the Reserve of tho Bank of Englandmust be ainple. io secure that disideratum, Mr. Withers bo-iieves that it is not necessary to accumulate immense. quantities

~~~~ ____¦¦ MM

April 20th, 19j9. ] THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW 407of the metal, but to creato snrrm «,„,!,„. ¦ i , . ,

due oxpans.on of credit be preventcd lÜtgSl^banking accounts whereby the relation béttteS W^Maêcurrency and gold reserve would be imr.rw.rl „ i ,eqií£permanently satisfactory levei AH llJX !

d *?* °n afies as taking the goldô» o„/íltTîHôthtmtW moreasmg rts volume au atom. By Cply buyi„g10 dat a higher price than anybody else in the biillid? marketthings

jvould only be made wor.se, because as fast a thTxúdaccumulated discount rates ôuld go down, and the more ox-changes would go against us and the kcener will the 1° \Xcompetition for the gold become. roiei&u

Mr LwCk+1°f space unfortunateíy prevents us from followin,-Mi. Hartey Withers m greater detail. Our ícaders si o dgefc the volume and read it for themselves. It is full of inter"from cover to cover. So with the following sound and masSrlyparagraph, we will conclude. ,7." It is to the economic interest of bumanity at large thatProduction should be stimulated, and the economic interest ofhumanity at large is the interest of England with its migh%World-wide trade. Germany has quickened production with thehelp of English credit, and so has every economicallv civiliseclGountiy m the World. The fact that ali, or most oftliem, !n-cluding our own colonies, develop their resources with the helpof English credit and then do their utmost to keep out ou-

products by means of tarifes, makes it appear to superficialobservers that England providos capital for the destruetion ofits own business. But, in practice, the system works quiteotherwise. For ali those countriès that develop their resourceswith our money, aim at developing an export trade and selliüggoods to us, and as they havo not yet reached the point deconomic development at which they are prepared to sell goodsfor nothing, the increase in their production must mean cnincreasing demand for our commodities and services. And intho meantimo the interest on our Capital and Credit and tlieprofits on working the machinery of exchange are a comfortablcaddition to our National inceme."

Ceylon Precious StonesSamples and Price List on demand to :

J. WICKRA ANA1AK & Co.

Rough or Polished,supplied direct fromour Mines.

FREITAS HOTEL ;RUA RIACHUELO, No. 120. Telephone No. 209.

This well-known house has been completely renewed In ModernStyle, and with every Sanitary Convenience. Fine Oiníng Roomand comfortabh rooms completely re-furnished. Every comfortfor Families and Tourists. Spacious Verandas. Large Gardens.The situation of the Hotel is picturesque, very healthy andquiet. First Class Cuisine.

Proprietor:—J. F. FREITAS.

The Brazil StoreFí ST CLASS HOUSE FOR ALL ENGLISH GROCERIES

SPECALITISSNew Zealand Mutton, Hares, Rabbits and ali kinds of game received byevery Royal Mail and VVhite Star Line calling at

Rio de Janeiro.í pecial English Bacon a d Hara

Herr.ii.gs, Lobsters, Crabs, Salmon, (fresh or smoked) Oxford Sausages,Cliester Clieese.

WELL FURNISHED BAR IN THE STORE.

ALVES Sc O.Rua 1.° de Março, 23 — Rio de Janeiro

Tclciihonc 1,875. Tia ms pass the door.

HOTEL GLOBO á RESTAURANTFfrstHGÍass GKisine

¦AND-

Ghoieest WinesEvery altention given to Strnngn-s desirous of visiting the

Vitrious poinl.s of interest in the City & Subiirbs,either l»y Moloi-Car or othènvise

* Moderno 15—R.UA l? DE MARÇO—Antigo 7RIO 1>E JANEIRO

SALTJTARISDRINK SALUTARIS

Gra..d prix... | PTaris • ;

exhibition 1906f National Exhibition 1908

Deposit: 83, íjaa Primeiro de JffaPço, 83-Cio de Janeiro

H s YTH45, IR,TTA. IDA. QXTTTJl.ISTTDJí., 45

Light and Power Electric Installations — Bells and TelephonesELECTRIC PLANT

- "ROYAL EDISWAN" íncandescent lamps ,Dynamos and Motors etc, of THE BRUSH ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CO. LTD

of London and Lougfhbofoup-h.

} l

Telnhonis If! of Li IIIOiiQI & 0©s ,:• 1 ! "'¦

SOLE AGfENT IN BRAZIL 0F

THE BRUSH ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CO. LTD, London and Loughborongb.Post Office Box No. 312—Telephone No. 1,150

Telegraphic Address: "BATTERIA"

RIO DE JANEIRO

¦¦m «« i iiii iMiiiiiMiwiBiiiwiiiiiiii—'¦"¦¦¦¦¦¦"————^ â*W4SSB5I

408 THE BRAZILIÃN REVIEW April 20_h, 1909.]

Banco Commerciale ítalo Brasiliano( SOCIEDADE ANONYMA)

HEAD OFFICE: SÃO PAULOCapital subscribed and paid up Rs. 5.000:000$000 g>.reserve fund „ 1.350:000$000 ^

BKAJNCHE8 : RIO DE JANEIRO ANO SAN IOS-g-eucies nt : Botucatú, Ribeirão Preto, São Carlos and Espirito Santo do Pinhal.

Corrcspoiirients at: Aracaju, Bahia, Ceará, Curityba, Desterro, Maceió. Manáos Maranhão, Pará, Parahyba, Paranaguá, Peraambuco,Porto Alegre, Kio Grande do Sul, Rio Giaiuie do Norte, São Francisco, Victoria and ali other importanttowns of Brazil.

Address: CAIXA DO CORREIO 501— SÀO FALLO Telegraphic Address : — « ITAIOIÍANCO

Agents of the BANCA COMMERCIALE ITALIANA, MILANCORRESPONDENTS ABROAD

London, City and Midland Bank, Credit Lyonnais, andáwiss Baiikverein London.

Banque de Paris et des Pays Bas, Credit Lyonnais. andSociété Gênéraltí po.úr íavuriser etc Paris.

Haiiiburger Filiale der Deutscheri Bank Conmierz andDisconto Bank HámbursN

.

Banco Hispano-americano Madrid.Credit Franco-Portugnis, Banco de Lisboa e Açores Lisbou.National City bank of New York New YorkBanco de Itália y Rio de Ia Plata and Nuevo Banco

Italia,,(> Buenos Aires.

Bills negotiated or collected on the nipst favourable terms. Letters of Credit, BiPs of Exchange and Cable Transfers issued. Purchase andSale of Stocks, Shares and other securities. Dividends and interest received. Current accoünts opened.""D.pusits. received at rates varying accordineto the time fixed for their wUhdraw.al. Ali kinds of general and Banking business tran.s_ct.ecl. 6general ano uanking

GENERAL AGENTS OF THE"Navig-azione Generale Italiana"—"La Veloce"—"La Itália"—"Lloyd Italiano," Shipping Companies

JOÃO RAMOS & C°.(Successors of FREDERICO VIERLING & Co.)

AGENTS for: JENSON and NICHOLSONPaint and Varnish Manufacturers - London

and: ENGELBERT & Co.-London.Manufacturers of lubricating oils, etc. —

IMPORTE RS OF MACHINERY AND APPLIANCES.Granel Depôt for: lathes, planos, machinery for outting, pieroing, «___ making, plate rolling, punehing, etc. Completeassprtmçnt of taps, gauges, water, gas, ond steam pipes (iron), brass and copper tnbing, material for railways, ships faZrisand agricultura purposes. Large stock of English leather, cottou and rubber belting of ali sizes. Specia ties in M&and rubber artmlesfor ali steam aud water-appliances. Large stock of èlectric flttiugs specially iutnded for ships t„dfaotones. Stock of raw copper from Chili and Japan, lead, „nc, antimony, metallic bismuth and {in

TSSOPBILO^HiDipaii oroii i, in,- bvi il! Fumo i 11í:._3»

CLUBS PEUGEOTWEEKLY I^TST^LDMIElSr TS OE SSOOO

AINTÜNES DOS SANTOS & CO.Rio de Janeiro -14, AVENIDA CENTRAL, 16 —Telephone No.

Complete equipments for Lawn Tennis and Football

COMMERCIAL AND PASSENGERS' GUIDECoffee Merchants

Ornstein A Co.-l.io-.lo, Rua Acre. Cable address : Ornstein.3-8-06 A

CuriositiesA*

F^?bS_n' *aífé's S»ccesSop.-30, Rua do Ouvidor-Rio-_-=^S-___Ê__-«Ss

129-1-07

Electrical goodstf. Smyth. _ English Electrical Supplies. 37, Rua da Quitanda -Rio

37.7-06

Rubber Hand StampsS. F. Longstreth Office and Work» — lfí t-_„_ „ ^ •„,,- , ,a iD> lravesssa do Ouvidormo—lst floor.

27-7-06

/«_/- .'¦ '¦.'¦¦:';¦ ¦ ¦ •

___________________________

________

April 20th, 1909 ]————— -I """^wî^ mmmmmmt nMiSiLa aww———

THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW 409

<_MMM«

THE BZRA-HIJVLA BREWERY

l

o wfOTlr l

Grand Prize and Two Gold »^|^g|ÊSfiîâ|

GOLD KEDAL8T. LOUIS

1904

m

M$<$>

GOLD MSDALRIO OS JANEIR3

1900

fiSifiSBr »èfàASESBÊ *

^Sifig-j!a^Baa^5;>JL.-.!_/ «t

^c/

?

Besides our famous Brands Bock-Ale andIeutonia we recommend especially our celebrated Brauma Porter, which in quality equalsGuiness Stout and is éxpressly brewed for the tropicsIt is the most nourishing beer in the world. Makes appetite. Gives strength. Food in liqnid formPRICE: Rs. 60$000 in cases of 48 bottles — 55$000 in cases of 72 half bottles

RUA VISCONDE DE SAPUCAHY 104-142

Jft-ííThe São Paulo Tramway, Light and Power Co.—There

seems every probability of the question between Messrs. Guinleand Co. and tho S. Paulo Tramway, Light and PoAver Co. beihgdecided in favour of the lâtter after ali, in a manner that willat the same time satisfy equity anel public interests. It willbe remembered that the Prefect of S. Paulo had decided toallow free competition in the disfcríbution of electric power inthe Capital. The question was referred to the MunicipalCouncil, whoso report is about to be issued, and, as far as wocan learn, will establish the exclusive rights of the S. PauloTramway, Light and Power Co. to the área which it serves atpresent, leaving Messrs. Guinle or anyone else to distributepower outside that área.

Municipal Finanças.—The General Revenue of the Munici-pality during the month of February amounted to 4.668:918$613inclusive of the sum of 404:132$630 brought forward fromJanuary. Expenditure amounted in February to 1.436:132$630,a sum of 3.232:295$423 being carried forward to March. DuringFebruary a sum of 264:004$919 was expended on paving, newworks, etc, and 214:276$213 on primary education.

Vai de Travers Asphalte Paving.—The directors of the Vaide Travers Asphalte Paving Company, Ltd., recommend afurther dividend of ls. 3d. per share, making, with that paidin October last, ls. 9d. per share, or 8% per cent. for theyear 1908.

Rio City Improvements.—There was a further síight fallingoff last year in the profits of the Rio de Janeiro City Improve-ments Company, the net surplus secured being £70,775, ,-,sagainst £70,820 in 1907 and £71,690 in 1906, while, owing tothe smaller amount brought in, the balance available for appro-priation is £3,863 lower than that at the directors' disposaltwelve months ago. By reducing from £15,000 to £10,000 theappropriation to reserve, the directors are able to maintainthe dividend at 5 per cent., and to increase the carry-forwardfrom £1,744 to £2,881. j

The London and Brazilian Bank.—According to a telegramfrom London the London and Brazilian Bank is paying a divi-dend at the rate of 15 per cent. per annum, the same as for1907. A sum of £29,000 is written off Bank Premises Account,whilst £50,000 is carried forward to profit and loss new account,which now totais £150,477.

NEW ISSUES.t

Municipality of Porto Alegre.—It is stated that MrGosling has arranged a loan with the Municipality of PortoAlegro of £600,000, interest 5 per cent., type 91, tò be issuedin London. Mr. Gosling leaves for London to-morrow to com-plete the arrangements.

Municipality of Gaçapava (State of São Paulo) is about <oissue a loan of 400:000$ for the new water supply arid drainagesystem of the City. The duration of. the loan is .25: years, in-terest 10 per cent. per annum, type 85 per cent.

lim

410 THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW April 20th, 1909.]

OUR LONDON LETTER.

[From our Own Correspondent.]

London, March 26th, 1909.j

Pessimistic Englishmen always were and distrustful, fortu-nately, of themselvos. England for centuries has been proverbi-ally marching headlong to ruin, and probably would have gotthere if, like so many other eountries, its complacency werenot oocasionally disturbed by the working of this naturalcharacteristic, whereby iiistitutions, customs and beliefs are aliperiodically thrown into the melting-pot. To-day nothing isspared; educàtión, treatment of the poor, public assistance,trade, finance, Army organisátion and even the Navy are oneafter the other pronounced out of date, and the economic in-vasion and conquest of Great Britain by Germans, Americans,or even the heàthen Cliinee looked on almost as a certainty.

It is good for us to be stirred up. Only eountries whobelievjphey have nothing to learn, nothing to improve, are inany real dangor of extinetion, and it is the great merit of FreeTrade that it etfècttiálly prevents Englishmen from stagnating.So long as we sübmit to the friction of competition with alithe world there is no fear of Englishmen going to sleep orfailinjj; to keep their industries up to the mark. An instance istlie Bòot Trade. Rich with the accumulations of previousgonorations, manufacturers in England becamo slothful, failedto improve methods and machinery, and so fell easy victims to

pushing American competitors. Thus they were driven fromthe trade, and factories that dated a century back were obligedto go into liquidation. Then, just as the Americans were pre-paring to reap the benefits from their victòry, the inevitableoceurred. A generation that knew not Joseph or his antiquatedways, backed b}T unlimited capital, went one better, improvedthe methods of the Americans and finally drove them in turnfrom tho field.

So was it too with the Tobacco Trade. The American Trustthat was to oust British manufacturers from their own marketswas not only worsted, but the American markets invaded bythe Britishers.

Tho only point about Protection that seems to hold Avateris that by reserving our own markets for ourselves mills wouldbe enabled to rim moro uninterruptedty and so, in some in-stances, like iron-smelting, be able to produce more cheaply,unless the advantage conferred in this shape were compensatedby the higher cost of the raw materiais and of labour.

Besides, it is not only, if chiefly, in commodities that Eng-land deals with the rest of the World. By services such as seatransport and international banking, of which we practicallyhave the monopoly, England levies toll, and heavy toll too, onthe Com mercê of the World. So complicatcd are the relationsof the different phases of England's World Wide Trade, thathe would indeed be daring Avho dared to disturb by artificiallegislation the foundations of so vast and prosperous a com-mercê.

Under Free Trade, that is under conditions the freest inthe World for men to conduct their own business, there hasbeen built up a gigantie commerce in Commodities, Services andCredit, each one of which depends and rests upon the otherswhich are, in fact, inseparable. A blow at Imports or at Ex-ports would be reflected at once in Shipping and Banking andvice-versa.

Under Free Trade, that is freedom to buy and sell and carryon Commerce gcnerally without let or hinderance, England hasgrown rich and overshadowed every country in the world. Whythen wish to change a system that has brought such great prós-perity, and, envious of the tardy if rapid development - fsome other eountries, risk the substance in grasping, perbaps,after the shadow? There is no commerce in the world likethat of Britain. None that, in addition to the greatest foreigntrade in commodities, carnes half the merchandise and fmancesthe whole international trade of the world!

If Free Trade, perhaps, has not of itself done ali this, it isunder Free Trade that it has been done by Great Britain only

of ali eountries.Si monumentum requiris, circwmspice! Look at protec-tionist France, obliged for a third time to raise her tariffs to

compete on her own soil with Free Trade England! Look atthe colonies of this great Empire, built up on Freedom, freedomto live and develope and to tra<de, each one on its own lines,vieing with each other in offering support to the mother ofthem .ali in her straits! Not that Britain is really in straits.

yet, nor likely to be unless she should belie herseíf, though tpleases politicians for the time to represent her so.

Four, eight, or eighty " Dreadnoughts " are not the mea-sure of the power of England, where immense resources of taxa-tion, exhausted by other eountries, are yet in reserve. To-dayermany is at its wits end to raise money toGV covereven,

annual expenditure. What then will be her state if beinotoo ambitious she really attempts to compete in building shipsagainst, not Great Britain only, but the power andwealth of the world-wide British Empire!' From Berlin comes news of another " crisis " Th- bio-refuses to carry through the financial programme with in-crease of the suecession duties and propertv tax, which theJNational- Liberais regarded as a notice to quit. Meanwhilethe Emperor insists on the Bill being passed with or withoutthe tloc, and the position of Chancellor Bülow is made moreuntenable by tho violent attacks of tho " Centro "

In Germany taxation of imports is exhausted, and can bepushed no further without injuring trade. In England importsare practically untouched, and represent a reserve availablein case of emergency that no other country possesses. Just forthat reason we should be careful to preserve it untouched untilthe emergency of a life and death struggle oceur!

Invitations have been issued by the Admiralty to eight ofthe leading shipbuilding firms of the Kingdom for the con-struction of Dreadnoughts. The tenders are to be delivered inApril, and the contracts placed immediately after.

By the time this reaches Rio the Vote of Censure will havebeen decided. No doubt, if Mr. Balfour really believed thecountry to be in danger it was his place and duty to do ali hecould to oust the present Government from power. At thesame time it was equally the duty of the Government to resistthe dictation of Lhe Opposition and to do ali in its power todefeat it if convinced that its naval programme answered ""oali.requirements. Liberais or Conservatives, or Unionists, weare ali Englishmen, and ali almost without exception look ontho Navy as the first and practically only line of defence; that

we are determined to maintain at ali costs. The struggJeof Germany for supremacy is useless in the face of such deter-

mination, and can only force England in the long run to greaterefforts. It seems incredible that this should not be compre-hended in Germany, where the dream of naval as well as mili-tary supremacy is still fondly entertained:

According to Mr. Carnegie the fault of the ruinous competi-tion lies with Great Britain, " whose fatuous blunder " inbuilding the first Dreadnought set the pace for this terrificcompetition. It has been suggested that the best way to stopit is for Great Britain and the United States to combine andmutually guarantee their respective possessions in the Atlanticand Pacific against attack. Any power then attacking Ameri-can possessions in the Pacific would have to count with GreatBritain, whilst on the other hand British possessions in theAtlantic would be secure from attack by the guarantee of theUnited States, and her fleets be left free to engage the enemyin other waters The scheme no doubt has its merits. But thefriends of to-day may be the adversaries of to-morrow, andAAhat England has to msist on in the long run is not alliancesoi entenies, but the power and ability to defend hcrself againstali comers.

The position in the Near East is improving, and beforethis reaches Rio it seems probable may be settled'. To this soc esirable an ending two circumstances have mainly contribut-d—the unpreparedness of Rússia and the prudence and moderationoi the Turks.Áustria no doubt will get her way, and the annexation ofBosma and Herzegovma be duly recognised de jure as well os

JSa a? 5 ConSress- But such matters cannot be so easilysettled. Nothing is harder to suppress than race sentiment crhatred as tno history of Austrian domination in Italy clearlyshowed Now history repeats herself, and Áustria is iayincr üpa teriuble score of Slav vengeance in days of trouble.

But the cry is Germany one and indivisible from the Balticto the Adriatic-and for that the Empire is turned into a campand the nations rum themselves in building Dreadnoughts.How long shall men deny Christ and make hate instead of love,the mainspring of their policies and their actions ?

tu* x- lle P°sltlon of the Bank of England con-M.!2Í?ey iUIeS í? imProve> most of the gold arrivingMarket. bemg still retained by the Bank, so that thelast returns show a net increase of £979,771 in

J§UQQT Ic' i'on78 a* the .corresponding date last year, and£34,996,242 m 1907. The ratio of the Reserve to Liabilities isnow 49 per cent as against 49.4 per cent. last week, 48.6 percent. last year, and 40.9 per cent. in 1907. ¦

Foreign bonds recovered on better news from the East,and m view-oia telegram to the effect that the Rio de JaneiroIram way Light and Power Co; had acquired a controlling in-terest m tho Jardim Botânico line, an operaf ion of the highestimportancc its shares recovered 2 points to 99, and S. PauloIramway shares % point to 152^. A few days since a comum-mcation appeared m the Times from its correspondent at RiofeetvTÍlh

dlfP.aíaS^3-comparihg the proceedings of the Pre-iectb of the Cities of S. Paulo and of Rio de Janeiro with re-o^nL í^

nT+°P° fs

claimed ^ these two American com-panes In reahty there is no comparison. As re'rards S.1 aulo the company never enjoyed nor elaimed any monopolyW T1 ," T f eleCtl'iC P0"'er' and the l^feet7warthereyol6pat m£ht mairC1,t ™ "**" "" ^^li that &at

At Rio the price and conditions for supply 0f energy areregnlated by the conceSSio„ under which' a .nonopoíy wa»nS ív^Sl

afCtrt^ín-b?r 0f yoar that *ke Prefeofc could°o* ovei-ride if he wilkd. As regards the lighting of the CityFedera /nt M • ^W^ pf & SP8'CÍal COntíact between tlie1^ ti Ô^f*™^

Government and the Gas Company, ofvhich the Lio Light and Power Co. is the le-al suecessorHow under such circumstances the failure of the Prefect toreduce the prices charged for power and lighting can be-ablot on the reputat on of the Prefect " n« +V,o tSSrlnnf moír.+o;^Í r "i 7- , LL~ecz> as the 1 imcs correspon-dent mamtams, we fail entirely to comprehend.

¦———="- — i i- n-n- n

April 20th, 1909 ] THE BRAZILIÃN REVIEW 41 r

OUR FOREIGN TRADEImports and Exports for January and February 1907-1909 m

IMPORTSM _b_ R CH A JN DlíSIS

MONTHSMIL REIS PAPER

1ÍÍÓ7 1908

January ...February..MarchApr.lMayJuneJuly.August....September.October...,November.December .

.0.054:341$43.833:020$

Total 2 months. 03.387:307$

59.104:803$48.90i:151$

1909

48.814:812*42.009:598$

103.000:044$ 91.484:410$

EQÜIVALENT IN £

1907

3,151,9922,788,077

5,940,009

1908

3,097,9043,059,500

0,757,410

1909

3,054,1042,669,6i28

5,723,732

SP-EDCI1D AIV_L> FpREIGN BANK JNOTESJanuary and February. 34.382:475$ 257:822$ 580:209$ 2,180,005 16,130 36,080

EXPORTSMERCHANDISE

MIL REIS PAPER Jf EQÜIVALENT IN £MONTHS —

1907 1908 1909 1907 1908 1909

íaVliary 74.181:820,-5 63.101:306$ 98.174:587$ 4,718,049 3,947.975 6,142 303Mapd_ary

87.252:069$ 01.511:837$ 87.109:071$ 6,582,014 3,848,644 õ!-õ3J7__Aj ril }'<\ "May ___ _June _ July .' — — _ __ _August __ __September __. October November December __

Total 2 months 101.434:485$ 124.613:143$ 185.343:058$" lü,300,0b3 7,796.619 11,596,045______________________________________

_? " ——^

— ¦ ¦- ,1. ¦ i. n . , -

BALANCE OF TRA-DE.

January and February. 68.047:118$ 16.607:099$ 93.359:248$ 4,358,994 1,039,209 5,872 313

___XJPOK__Cf_. OF _NlNlD STAPLE AKTICLE8

y-

CoffeeRubberTobacco SugarHerva Matte.CacáoCotton.Hides.,Skins..

TotalSundry

Grand total.

BagsKilos

JANUARY & FEoRUARY

QUANTITY

1908

2,178,5309.077,1441,162,147

578,7426.021,9205,588.21'.1.515.4303,744.650

400,104

1909

3,207,2448.981,5404,293,003

10,580,7885,817,3350,629,342

777,7005,438,575

680.015

VALUE IN £STEKLINQ

1908

4,045.1972,410,644

58,98816,797

182,594388,31b101,329172,745W5.819

7,462,431

334,18S

7,796,619

1909

6.333,8873,643.902225.94887 767

177.883307,45138,902

278.703162.901

11,257,344

337.701

11,596,045

PIRES SALGADO AND Co.a\I__l_,l___PHO_NJ_. 182 TAILOKS POST OFFICE BOX 513

BY APPOINTMENT TO THE PRESIDENTIAL HOUSEHOLDLarge stock of Cashmeers, Meltons, Flanelling, Alpacas, Ducks. etc.

Avenida tagaayaiia, 143 and í}aa Theophilo Ottoni, 155-íjio de JaneiroBranches in São Paulo and Bello Horizonte

Telegrams "KliftACH''— GMND PRIX: St. Louis Exhibition

X>Oo-< Code: A. B. <J.,i:l

_M


*-¦

DIRECTION CER DISCONTO GESEUIiSCtfflFTESTABLISHED 1851

{Registered in Berlln as a Komnuindlt GeseUschaft auf Actien under German Law)HEAD OFFICE BERL1N

CAPITAL (fully paid)MESKUVIC EXJJV1>S....

A. SCHOELLER.

£8,500,000

With the línlimited Liahility of the Following Partners **.879.<531M. 80HINCKEL. Dr. SALOMONSOHN.Dr. RUSSELL. E. URBIG.

BREMEN FRANKFURT O/M.Branclies in Germany : { WIESBADEN

London BranchHAMBURG Norddeutsche Bank in Hamburg.

Manager, J. B. SCHWOKDEK(ãégistreã at the inland revenue ofíije as London BANKERS )53, C01.KHIÍLL, E. c.

Dr.BALANCE SHEEJ. DECEMBER 31 st, 1008

LIABILITIES.To Capital ,, Reserve Funda ,, Deposits and Current Accounts 22,677,230,, Acceptances and Cheques 8,050,731

Guarantees £1,795,022David Hanseraann Pension Fund and other Savings Bank Funds

for tlie Staff ,, Dividends unpaid

9 per cent. Dividend and Partieipation of Acting Partnersand Directors

,, Provisiòn for the David Hansèmann Pension Fum) ,, Amount written oíf Premises Account

Balance of Profit and Loss Account carried forward

£8,500,000 By Cash .2,879,031 „ Bills Receiyablê

Loans

ASSETS.Cr.

£4,043,9017,946,403

498,8071,451

,- Securities,"' Syndicates,'' 'etoj

¦; 'L'.'.'.'. '.'.l}'Li'.'.

Ím'm„ Partieipation Norddeutsche Bank in Hamburg '¦"

sWoon„ Partieipation in other Banks 2?*fiiS

87(!,S427,500

50,00009,180

£44,111,438

Current Accounts„ Guarantees, as per centra ... Ü 795 6^2" te_tisé of the íehslon and Savings Bank

'Funds for

'theotarr

,, FuirJture, etc,, Premises, etc

(induding Bank Premises in London,' about £55,700)

14,699,935

246,46811,X,9

593,914

The gross profit for the year 1908 amounts toAfter dedueting ali expenses, etc.

£44,111,438

Taxes £880,204" 00,808

There remains a net profit of

Out of which it is proposed to pay the Partners' and Directors' partieipation and a dividend of 9per cent. (same as in 1907) on the Capital, which, exclusive of the unlimitecl liabilitv o theacting partners, amounts to £8,500,000 '«miwsu u.iDinty ot the

To make a provisiòn for the David Hansemann's Pension Fund for tlie StaffTo write oíf Premises AccountTo carry forward to new aceount

£1,450,001i

447,072

£1,003,529 3

£870,8427,500

50,000,09,187

£1,003,529br8, /t.isn.si •s^ãsstsssjf jSjrsrsS^ã M '™:;z ^^p^^^rmísxsi^sit^rDisconto- und Wechsel-Hank, Nürnberg; Compagnie Commerciale Befge/ ancSfflàT-H il^?a?S!& ^PÍF8***!^* and Cie- Barme»'- BayerlíSe

The full report in German may be obtained on application at the London Oífice, 53, Cornhill, E.C.

TheBXTRACT8 FHOM WJBOÜ A1S1SXJAT. R|__?oiYl<universal retrograde movement which commcnced in l'Air ComZé Fopp Aí^? í 1 ¦ • *

™190. was contmued in 1908 and seriously affectcd trade in Ger- beiiic dea twltlí Z\hl ti ?' r?claí'aP Electri<iue, is nowmany, tho coal and iron industries being the principal sufferers. SSlil W^^^^M^ and °thers ™ be"Fresdom from any trace of crisis. however,.has demonstrated _-„_ ^tetundeTkl "ir™o7t, A'th°Ugh tariffstM ueims or tlie concession it \sthe sound economic basis of the country. The flourishmg con-dition of agriculture proved a valuable featnre in counteractinothe depression, as well as the later case of the money marketwhich caused large amounts of State and Municipal Issues to 'íg

readüy taken up by tho Public.Notwithstanding tho general reduetion in trade the figurespresented m the Report show but a small shrinkage in the totalturnover-including that of the Norddeutsche Bank in Ham-bur viz.

of IXêJTorT907RaTÍlaytC°ffmPany de0,aíed a di"dend

» hand, balances 011 Dèüosit and fW^f a' ™+'„ L ! ^.tne same as ast yearon the other hand, balances on Deposit and Current Accounts

1907 aU mcreaSe' namely> £22^77,280 against £20,039,753 in

The Disconto-Gesellschaft have taken part in the issue ofthe 4 per cent. German and Prussian Loans and Treasury Bills4 per cent German Colonial Loans, 4 per cent. Bavariãn, Würt-temberg, Baden, Hessian, Hamburg, and Lübeck Loans, 4 percent. Dusseldorf, Frankfort, Munich and other Municipal Loans4 Por cent. Roumanian r.nd Hungarian Loans, etc , etcfrjLÍvl fn"in- fn<^•îlway Company have extracted11 om the Jsuniob Mino for the year ending March, 1908, 25,700

lhe output of the Christoph-Friedrieh fel mí«- ncould, notwithstanding the unfavourabí Wl TIS CTVany

Coal Market Kp rlí^J.i línrí:voura.ble state of the German

the style of Elise II. Coal iSX^ " ^^ Under

6 per cent. for 1908. distnbute a dividend of

tons 0,0 a,,,, have hce„ ah¥tõ ^Í^Ti^^VT^^ ÉÊÊÈ^^^*^ '-"n S_ScteTm rs «is, gs* r a_í_«_g_* s% T an office in Wiesbaden in °"S;?r;^2s ^ «.«_ _?__^Slg -5 SH^-amburg declarcd the -divi-bbsm-í s^:^: -_H m I i f-lfe?-hares of the«sche DÍnXL°eeittft?ne!t-Anf ^

9 PW Cent- S»e«eut-Wechselbank 5 pe" cent Bank°fí

" Sêr}^ K~-to- undStrupp, AktiengLellsciaft 7§"L LÔoeT" P*Pi M'Zittau 7^ per cent Qtahl d F ?

0berlausitzfir Bank inaccl The tvaffic receTpís iníheTeaT-WoITSSdd §| ^ _Í_^%*^ pSttfâp 8y the eonveyance of building material for the í

Ce"?-' B_a™er Bank-Verem, Hinsberg, Fischer aní Pn 7V-

Bank fuer Ch le und':1>eB*___^f Sf"6 Bflk„8 Per oent-

Bank fuer Deutschland 10 rZ 4 l^r cent., Brasilianische

Aktiencíesellsohaft 8 per oeV R 'V< Deutsche Afrika-Bank

cent., Compag1 Commer"Sd^PM-^ Geilerala Romana 9 perBa,T'and èo í in Ml^ i?|_, ^fü6^

H' 4É&#per cent. for the Ordinarv qhL« n the Preference and 7>2'per cent. Mrdmary Shares Banque de Credit in Sofia fí

1,257,000 Marks.being continued.

The Sliantung Railway Company have distributed for 1907a dnndend o 4% per cent., against 4% per cent. in the preeed-mg year. The result of 1903 shows a further progress so that

be increásed bTientsiûkow Raihvay nrd larger cValliíhsports. Tho outMl

'" 8lr,",,1n,'-!lJli"i'1-' Company has increásed Wn144,000 tons m 190/ to 220,000 tons in 1908 in the FangtseV 11?:

aniV'CSPe(;tl;'(,ly 3+í'ü(í° tMs t0 56'000 tons in the PoschanValley. The coal from the latter mine has proved an excelleatsteam coal and has been supphed to the German Naval Squadronm x>ast Ásia. lThe International Electrical Company has been dissolvedand their interest m the Shares of the Compagnie Parisienne de

""' '"' '¦¦''" ' " ¦"'"*- T ~«l..l.U,...ll I <¦»¦!¦

April 20th, 1909.]

LIVERPOOL BRAZIL AND RIVER

PLATE STEAMERS

LAMPORT A HOLT LINE.

Passenger Service far New York.Average passage. Rio to New York: 17 days.

Sailings for New York -TENNYSON lst MayVOLTAIRE ;. istl, »BYRON Srd JuneVERDI 18th >vTENNYSON 3rd JulyVASARI (new) lètÜ »

TEflflYsorlsails on lst May for

Bahia, Barbados and New York.Taking lst & Srd class passengers for above ports.

These steamèrs have also superior lstclass accommodation.

THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW

For freight apply to the Broker:

Wm. R. McNiven,18, RUA DE S. PEDRO.

For passages and further information apply to the

Agents: NORTON, MEGAW A Co., Ld.112, RUA PRIMEIRO DE MARÇO.

w ILSON SONS & CO.(LIMITED)

Steamship Agents and Proprietors of

COAL DEPOTS AT

MADEIRA.LAS PALMAS.ST. VJNCENT, C. VPERNAMBUCO,l.AHIA.RIO HE JANEIRO.SANTOS.Also Branch Establishments at CARDIFF and

BARRY. V

^ÃO PAULO.MONTEVIDEO.LAPLATA.BUENOS AIRES.ROSÁRIO;BAHIA BLANCA.

Workshops at Las Palmas, St. Vincent (C.V.),Pernambuco, Bahia and Rio de Janeiro.

Contractors to British and Foreign Governmentsand ali the chief Transatlantic SteamshipCompanies.

COAL.—Stocks of only the very best descriptionof South Wales Steam Coal kept. Also Stocksof Nut Coal, Fòundry Coke, Patent Fuel andAnthracite Pea Nuts for Gas Engines.

TUG BOATS always ready for service.CARGO LIGHTERS. ditto.STEVEDORING undertaken.BALLAST supplied to ships.

Repairs to Ships and Machinery.

Having large workshops fitted with efficientmodern plant, repairs of ali descriptions under-taken.

AGENTS OF THE

Pacific Steam Navigation Company.Shaw, Savill & Albion Co., Ltd.

The New Zealand Shipping Co., Ltd.

Inquiries as regards prices, etc, should beaddressed to—

WILSON, SONS & CO., LTD.

2, Rua de S. Pedro,

RIO DE JANEIRO.

HEAD OFFICE:—Salisbury House, FinsburyCircus, London, E.C.

I BRAZIL-ADRIATIC LINEof

The Austrian Lloyd's Steam Naviga-tion Company

andThe Royal Hungarian Sea Naviga-

tion Company " Adrla " Ltd.Trl-weekly sailings from Santos and Rio deJaneiro for Trieste and Fiume and, with tranship-

AfrfcáiiPo-tMedlteiTímean' East Asiatic and EastDEPARTURES FOR TRIESTE. *

SZEGED íofh \rá„M rjXPOMENE..... .V.V. V V.V

"' 5th j£feBARO' FEJÉRVlRY. .. ..7 5 th July.'

For Freight apply to the Broker.Wm. R. McNiven,

18, RUA DE S. PEDRO.For passages and further information to the

AGENTS:—Rombauer A Co.

RUA VISCONDE DE INHAÚMA, 44Rio de Janeiro.

RUA 11 DE JUNHO, IA.Santos.

Conpfá ., m léimis 55

THE S. S.

CEYLANExpected from the Plate on April 21 st,

will Sail forTensriffo, Lisbon, Vigo and Havre,

on the 22nd,Carrying First & Third Class Passengers.

THE S. S,

OUESSANTExpected from the Plate, will sail for

Teneriffe, Lisbon, Vigo and HavreOn May 20th, carrying First and Third-

Class Passengers.FARES (THIRD CLASS):

Lisbon and Vigo 95$009Havre 117$000

. Including the Federal Tax.Lisbon in 14 days. Havre in 17 tíays.

THE V. 8.

Amiral de KersaintExpected from Europe on May llth,

will Sail forSantos, Montevideo and Buenos Aires

return will sail forsq.i uo pura 'Arçpp atqissuadsipui oi^ ioq.jy

on June 18th.Carrying lst, 2nd and 3rd Class

Passengers.OTHER SAILINGS FOR EUROPE:

MALTE July 16CORSE August 15CEYLAN Sept. 13

Information from the General AgentG. GOATALEM,

57. Avenida Central, 57.

SOCIÉTÉ GÉNÉRALETransports Maritimes à vapeur de

Marseilles.DEPARTURES OF STEAMERS

FOR EUROPE.PROVENCE 27th Apr.ESPAGNE I2tli May

forMarseilles, Barcelona, Genoa and Naples.

f. gold.Through fares to Paris, lst class 723

do do 2nd class 550do do 3;d class 199

Through fares to Paris (return), lst class .. 1,149do do ). 2nd class. . S82do do 3rd class .. SC4

Marseilles, Genoa, Naples,'3rd class: 114$C00Barcelona, 3rd class 123$5C0

Agents-ANTUNES DOS SANTOS & CO.Rio de Janeiro.—Avenida Central, 14.S. Paulo.—29, Rua S. Bento.Santos.—1, Praça da Republica.

413

N ORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD,BREMEN.

Capital 125,000,000 Marks.NEXT DEPARTURES.

Date

Apr. 24

May, 14

Steamer

tCrcfekl» .,:

Destination

Pernambuco, Madeira,Lisbon,Leixões, A Biàmeu.

«Erlangen».; Bahia, Madeira, Leixões, An-twerp A Breinen.

Passengers A Cargo accepted.Passengers routes. Cabin. Steerage.

Rio-Rotterdam, Antwerp,Bremen Marks 500 85$000

Rio— Mad.ira, Lisboo APeixões £17 0 U 85$u00For further information apply to

HERM, STOLTZ & C, Agents.Avenida Central, 6G-74. Rio de Janeiro.lu-bb-ea. x x

PRINCE LINEReguar Sailings to the United States.

DEPARTURESFOR NEW YORK.

ITALIAN PRINCE 20th Apr.CASTILL1AN PRINCECORSICAN PRINCE .' ..'...'.'.'.''.'.

FOR NEW ORLEANS.

AGEííTS.DAVIDSON PULLEN & CO.

145 RUA DA QUITANDA 145ANTIGO 119.

R M Q P The Royal MaHn Ifl.O.r. steam Packet company.Under contràct with the British and

Brazilian Governments for carryingthe mails.

Table of Departures.

Date Steamer Destination

Apr. 21 «Araguaya». Bahia, Pernambuco, Madeira,Lisbon, Vigo, Cherbourg &Southampton

27 »Clyde» Santos, Montevideo and Bue-nos Aires.

26 «Nile» Bahia,Pernambuco,Pt.VincentLisbon, Leixões,Vigo.Cher-bourg and Soutliániptou.

May 3 «Aragon»... Santos, Montevideo and Bue-nos Aires.

5 «Avon» Bahia, Periamlmco, Madeira,Lisbon, Vigo,Cherbourg andSouthampton.

11 «Th unes» . Santos, Moutevidéo and Bue-nos Aires.

12 «Clyde Bahia, Pernambuco, ?t. Vm-cent. Lisbon, LeixÕes.Vigo,Cherbourg A ?outhamptou.

18 «Amazon».. Santos, Montevidéu nnd Bue-nos Aires.

19 «Aragon . . Bahia, Pernambuco, Madeira,Lisbon, Vigo, Cherbourg &Southampron.

31 «Araguaya»' Santos, Montevideo and Bue-nos Aires.

June 2 «Amazon».. Bahia, Pernambuco, St. Vin-cent, Lisbon, Leixões.Vigt',Cherbourg & Southampton,

1 > «Asturias . Santos, Montevidéu aiu Bue-| nos Aires.

1G «Arag-iaya» Bahia, Pernambuco, St. Vin-cent, Lisb >n, LeixÕes.Vigo,Cherbourg & Southanipton.

28 «Avon» Santos, Montevideo and Bue-I nos Aires.

30 i Asturias»..' Bahia, Pernambuco, Madeira,I Lisboa, l.eixões, Vigo.Cher-I burgo e South.unpton

Special attention is drawn to the following:—Holders of first-class tickets, single or return,

may break their voyage at any intermediate portsand proceed by any of the PACIFIC STEAMNAVIGATION or MESSAGERIES MARITIMESCompany's Steamèrs.

For freight, passages, and other informationapply:—

Avenida Central, Nos. 53 and 55.E. L. HARRISON, Representative.

h-bl-ea. x x

¦ '--¦¦ -< - »¦


LONDON AND BRAZILIAN BANK LIMITEDESTABLISHED 1862

€ Capital £2,000,000Capital paid up £.1,000,000Reserve Fund £1,000,000 W

Head OfFict. Branch Office ín Rio de JaneiroParis Branch

7, TOKENHOUSE YARO, LONDON, E.C.10, RUA DA ALFÂNDEGA.5, RUE SCRIBE, PARIS.

Draws on Head Office and the following Branches:—L-|52*A °aPt™£& \[ANA0S OViíency), PARA, PERNAMUCO, BAHIA, SANTOS, S. PAULO, RIO GRANDE DO SUL,PORTO ALEGRE, MONTEVIDEO, BUENOS AYRES, ROSÁRIO DE SANTA FÉ, PARIS and NEW YORK (Agency).

Also on the following Bankers:—Messrs. Glyn, Mills, Currie & Co.—London. Credit Lyonnais—Spain.Sociéte Cénérale-Paris and Branches. Anglo-Oesterreichísche Bank—Austria-Hungary.Messrs. Joh. Berenberg, Cossler & Co.-Hamburg. (Anglo-Austrian Bank)Credito Italiano—3 íaiy.Messrs. Granei, Brown & Co.—Genoa.

Banco de Portugal—Portugal.Imperial Ottoman Bank—Turkey, &c.

-ooo-^-

CORRESPONDENTSThe Bank has Agents or Correspondents in ali the principal Ports and Cities of Brazil, Uruguay, Argentinathe United States, and Europe. '

THE LONDON &, RIVER PLATE BANK LIMITED

«ÉS*

ESTABLISHED 1862

Subscribed Capital £2,000,000Realised do 1,200,000Reserve Fund 1,300,000

19 and 21, RUA DA ALFÂNDEGA and RUA DA QUITANDA, 82And at London, Paris, New York, Santos, São Paulo, Pernambuco,

Iara, Buenos Aires, Rosário, Mendoza, Concórdia, Bahia Blanea, Barracas, Montevideo,. Paysandú, Salto and Valparaiso.

AGENCIES I_Nf BRAZIL

Manaos, Maranhão, Ceará, Maceió, Bahia, Vicand Porto Alegre. Correspondents in

BILLS OE EXCHANGE issued and purchased on thefollowing places:—LONKINGDOM dl the Principal t0vvlls of the UNITEDPA1n'|lAn,ÍA?]! *fe PrinciPal towns of FRANCE and ofGERMANY, PORTUGAL and ITALY- also on theARGENTINE REPUBLIC, URUGUAY CHILEUNITED STATES, CANADA and JAPAN '

tonai Curityba, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotasali other chief towns of Brazil.

CURRENT ACCOUNTS opened with commercial firms andprivate individuais.DEPOSITS received for fixed periods or at 30 days' noticeof withdrawal.LETTERS OF CREDIT issuedSTOCK and SHARE ORDERS executed and every descrip-tlon or banking business condueted.1ERMS ascertamable on application to the Bank

BRASILIANISCHE BANK FÜR DEUíSCHLAND —

Established in Hamburg on 16th DecembAr "IR37 !«,• +1, « tv _. 1 ^.

CAP.TAL REALIZED .... 10,000,000 MARKS.• Branch Office In !:io de Janeiro:

RUA DA QUITANDA No. 109 (Caixa 108)Branch Offices ill:-Sa. Pau.o, Caixa sS0-Sa„,os, Carxa 185-P.r,„ Ale8re, Caixa 27_Bah,a> __,_, ,„

Cable Address: ALLEMABANK.

m 0„r,:si'ONDENTS IN-râ' às» m? gsskrssuss-sr* —* ~* -. ___.Germany

England

(Direction der Disconto\J Gesellschaft Berlin /..Frankfurt a AI. Bremen) and correspondeuJ Norddeutsche Bank inl l^ Hamburg. Hamburg)/N. _I. Rotliscliild & SonsIDireçtion der Disconto Gesell.ehaftJAlanchester and Liverpool District Baki\ Oompany Limite-1/Union of London aV Wm. BranaYs Son

Company Limhedmd Smiths Bank Ltd.is & Co.

LondonLo dou

LondonLondouLondon

Credit Lyonnais, Paris and branches Heine & Co.France l feW^.Nat o.ial d'EscomPte de Parisi lante.. ^Lazard Frères & Co.DeNeuflize&Co.

ParisParisParisParis

l Credito 'taliano} Banca Commerciale Italiana

Italy .

Portugal-Banco Lisboa & Açores ând corresponde nts

and an} other countries~__ _..j, uuid .uuuiries=^fcJg-i-i&^r^ ___^A_->-

«^_i~~H~~»~~~~«^---"---—

April 2 O th, 1909. ] THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW 415

p k, h PedePal üottepies of Brazilp"bl,c d;awmg*fisea,ised by t Shü^n aí 2fp m- - -s"»^-«'• p«de 40, Kua Visconde de Itaborahy.

CRÁND SPECIAL FEDERAL LOTTERTSATUliDAY MAY lst

«83 —85 a

50.000$000 For 3$200—4/-

Mondays ...,Tuesdays....Wedüesdays,Thursdays...Fridays

Daily Drawings16:000$20:000$25:000$16:U00$20:000$

Price$800 ]/;

1$600 2/-18600 ?/-

$800 1/.1S600 2/- For •4/-

r- -o a nvT-^ SATURDAY, APRIL 24thGHE&AJSTID SPECIAL FE3IDBRJLL LOTTEBY179 —pj a

For 1 $600-2/- 100 OOOÈOOO01\ SALE AT ALL LOTTERY AGENCIEIS

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION APPLY:

For 1 $600-2/--v*-^"« iHji-uKmATioN apply:

NflZflRETfl & Co.-tyn Hova do Otividop 14 (fofmwly 10)—í?io de JaneiroARTHUR CHAVES & Co. RUA DO OUVIDOR, 74 (Formerly 48)

CASA AMEBIOA El JAPÃOGreat variety of North Amerieao, Japanese, ese, English, French, German and other artieies.

TEA OF THE MOST HIAOWrVO) QUALITIES.

Ureat vanety of artieies for presents and domestic use. Toys of every description.OPEN TO ACCEPT SOLE AGENCIES TO INTRODUCE ANY OF THE ABOVE ARTICLES.

E. J CARLSS0NNo. 42, Rua do Rosário, No. 42

ist FLOOR

Expert Fnglish tailor formerlywith Poole of London

Will make up.cjistoiner's own materialMeasurements taken at customers' nomes if desired.

Fine selection of tweeds always in stock.

/• WwÊLw Xjfiyy;,yy '''¦,."':-::,H^Hi-;B',;'''.r:;:>* '7\

m ¦' ':7pBBIpp^ 7'-777 7 '*\

i .?".V ¦ '"iÍ-* '.''-V'-'»•;¦ *^Brf^ 1

\ ' _<Wf'^X1_ * 7:a

Fowler. "ia I 'Oi

Suits from 1008000Terms-Cash

(THE OLOEST ESTABLISHED FIRM OF ENGLISHACCOUNTANTS IN SOUTH AMERICA.)

Railway and General AuditorsIncorporated Accountants and AgentsBuenos Aires, Rosário, Montevidéo andRio de Janeiro

-*-»-•?-T. B. D. FOWLÜK, F. S. A A.GEO. WINTER, A. S. A. A.

V. G, G. SCROGG1E, F. S. A AT. C. E. FOWLER. A. S. A. A

CJ. LEECH AND CO'S. - Coffee Sta-

• tisties 1908-1909. On Sale at "TheBrazilian Review", ofnces rua Visconde deInhaúma No. 82. - Price : 10$000.

And a large staíf of Gompetent Assistants and ExpertsUndertake Investigntions and lleports on Public Companies' Account» iutlie Argentine, Uruguayan, Chilian. Brazilianand other South American Republics; also legal representadon of

Companies, Firms, or others.>-ooo^

HEAD OFFICE:04 Northern Insurance Building

444 Bartolome Mitre, Buenos Aires

A. B. C, Al & Lieber's Codes,Cable Address, "QUITTANCE"

Union Telephone 83 -

BB ' nm**i. .. . i in * 11 ¦ ¦ 1 _, _.. ._. ..¦¦¦¦¦_ ,. **¦ -,^V;^»i?y-í.i:^j;. ;.••¦ •.¦¦:#(; ••;,.¦¦-'í^íç"-H-í'?ff«''.í.^-' ¦¦¦ ¦¦¦ l-ltbíb, • . ¦¦¦¦ ^¦ • ' •IMÍBfllBHlIMBMBd. j-uT,' ^ *JÈ$Z-*8& ^fÜslH^HBHh ". .77 " - 7 '7\ JÉíwHíg *& ' '7 rutÊsaH^Pm" ;'*:-7'!V ''¦"' 'Émí " :"'••¦''•/ u

''.-"' • F^rAit Mâ

'SSÈÉ&fàifrfs'"^ &££ , , Í'«B«* r í ,•' •'" íJm3»>'Í*TÍ '•' 'EUS

«¦HBllffOiniTÍiFT'"' " li

19 ^^îse • M^^^^â'^^^^^. î 1^ E&lsSHHitt * * i-. , .*, "1- '¦.-. ¦ *tà\* <. &3wMS&MK^MMmaaEMO&m\ : .¦¦-¦¦- !¦¦"¦. * .-«*&. *¦ '¦¦¦'í B,.'^.*T- ¦- ;,•;; ¦^¦v>.v---j-. vífc-JtfK2r&Çaj»í«PH

.» f * m^^hé^ ^*«sSS)^^ffiS^r.»^^,^^^^*S^ -.1 :7:: i --"¦--- ¦¦:¦¦¦' '•í^í#^^^'wSí^8sRE35|íaH

HOTEL AVENIDA-RI0 DE JANEIRO

Soaza Cabral & C.mê<flvetóda GefiW 152 -162

RIO DE JANEIRO

Tel-000-<-

egrams :—AVENIDA Telephone 2873

ELECTRIC LIFTS

220 lòoon^cs

416 THE BRAZILIÃN REVIEW [ April 20th; 1909.

TiieBritish Bank of South America, Ltd.HEAD OFFICE: 2 A MOORGATE STREET

LONDON, IC. CReserve Fund 600,000Capital £1,300,000Idem paid up 650,000

office in río de janeiro. 31-A Rua Primeiro de Março, 31-ABranches at.— SÃO PAULO, BAHIA,

BUENOS AIRES, MONTEVIDÉO andROSÁRIO.

anel 1, Rua do Hospício, 1SANTOS AGENTS: —

F. S. Hampshire & Co., Limited.Correspondents in:-Pernaml>uco, Pará, Miníos, Ceará', Viótoria, Maceió, Maranhão,Santa Catharma, Paranaguá, Curityba, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas and Porto Ale-re.

Draws on \ts Head Office in London:

The London Joiiit Stock Bank, Limited London.and ali principal towns in United Kingdom.

Messrs. Heine &. Co Paris.Banque do Bordeaux Bordeaux.J. Berenberg, Gossler & Co Hamburg]

and Correspondents in Germany.Messrs. Ressi & Co Milan.Banca Commerciale Italiana Genoa.

Societá Bancária Italiana .-and Correspondents in Italy.

Messrs. E. Sainz & Hijos ,, Garcia Calamarte & Co.

and Correspondents in Spain.Credit Franco-Portugais Banco de Portugal

and Correspondents in Portugal.The Bank of New York, N. B. A.E. Raoul, Duval & Co

Òarrenf SkSSS. 0n S°"th Af''ÍCa' ^^ New Zealaud ™ã P™^ «tios on Western Coast of Sonth America.—s ^&s^jr nssrsAssrsí ^m^MÊ ¦—-

Genoa.

Madrid.Madrid.

Opor to.Lisbon.

New York.Havre.

Opens

E. JOHNSTON á Co. LimitedSANTOS

-4___3__t____X2____2__t_£>-

Coffee Exporteis.Steamship Ágentsi,

General Commission Agents.>-=o o o-<

3Smi_ Jfelel

um mm I ffl MAM Of í PAULO AlIS. Paulo.

Amparo.Espirito Santo do Pinhal.

Ribeirão Preto.S. Carlos cio Pinhal.

S. Manoel.Taubaté.

c/

QUOTATIONS DURING THE WEEK CLOSING APRIL íeth1909, 'WERE AS FOLLOWS:-(Compiled, by Permission, from tlie figures given daily in tho

Jornal do Cômmèrcio).

->-oo<

Open to -accept sole representation of manufacturersGeneral Agents in Brazil for the Hamburo- -

Südamerikanische Dampschifffahrts-GesellschaftKEPWESENTATIVES Om

Guardian Assurance Company, Ltd., Londonlhe Sack-Filling & Sewirrg Machine Syndicate,'Ltd., London.

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00~-<-HEAD OFFICE:

6, GREAT St. Hí_LEN'SLONDON, E.C.

PENSÃO AMAZÔNIATflE IfiSSftpBfi^fl PfllíflGE

Süuated in Botafogo tlie pleasahtest ãuhurb of Rio de Janeiroa few moments walk from the maguificeutAve mio Beira Mar.

F. DUTRA & C.°No. 102 Rua Marquez de Abrantes No. 192

KIO DE JAI.EIKO

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^ the^ek ended April 161h

155/3..d. the corresbóndiriff qi^ht roto k • Irfi _te for the week comes out atsight rate ofZTama%lynd\cS ^ W/^' ã^nSt 15V"d-' th9 avera8c

M 7S.88oÍ lastweóLAÍiSe rales :lemiUm ^ g°!d 7°-25% against 44'09%

15S against 15$934 the week before.£shillingjiennyFranoMarkU.S. Dollar

20.SOOO coin

was worth$796$066$033$782

S$28235$Sõl

$796$006$633$782

3$2S23õ§8õí,__ >> ji

April 20th, 1909] THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW 417THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW.

Saturday, April 17th, 1909.

paper quoting at 153/„d. to 1513/ '" ' PmateTuesday April 13th.-There was no alteration in ratesWednesday, April 14th.—No change. -'Thursday April 15th.-No alterationFriday, April- 16th.— No change.Saturday, April I7th.—With ratP<? mlin^ +i,terday, tho market closed at ||f|? Cr!" *™ 1 ^

t JhelQ™ãS. "° altei'ation in rates during the week the Bnnl-of Brazil buymg at 15'/32d. and selling at 15» d tlt? otWbanks fewmg at 15JR, whilst private paper ,4' ~"V'

Although shipments of coffee at Santos have fallon to aimost „a (their value for the past week being only £67 000 fromboth Rio and Santos as against £169,000 last year) no apprlctT" T%

be felt, aS regards the imWdiate futnre Tãchange, which is amply guaranteed by the large resources at thodisposal of the Bank and of the Treasury in°LoTZ• lhe report of the Directors of the Bank of Brazil inst issu.flshows ,„st over £3,600,000 to credit of the baní i Ln 1besides a balance of £3,000,000 from different loans that canbêdrawn for on imported in specie as desired.¦mt T^&

J»0"?0'??0 haZs limi* was reached at Santos on lstMarch. Deducting ali Santos shipments of coffee the value <íexports for the whole country for the four months, March toJune last year was £7,889,548, and in view of the rise of¦2?rZ £™eS í^t-fe thÍS year' Probably reach or exceed£8,000,000, and with the reserves of the Bank of Brazil affordcover during these four months to the amount of £14,500 000or £15,000,000. >* j*±*,ovy,uçu

On the other hand the requirements of the markets areestimated at £12,000,000 to £14,000,000 for the same period,so that, m the worst hypothesis, the Bank of Brazil will beable to tide over the slack season without difficulty or necessityot assistance from the Treasury.« t -The ?°See. sea^n wiU likewise be very early, and Rio,Bahia and Espirito Sant,o shippers do ali in their power to get asmuch coffee down as possible before Santos begins shippiiv..-again on a big scal© in July. Besides the gold held by the Bankot Brazil, the Treasury must have very large balances to itscredit in London available for keeping up exchange if necessary.The prospects of exchange may therefore be regarded asassured for this and next year so long as peace is kept, andpolitics, which at present have by no means a reassuring aspect,do not upset the economic equilibrium.

. Quotations of Brazilian bonds in London were well main-tained, 1889 fours rose X to 84 and 1895 fives % to 97; 1903fives declined % to 101, but Western Minas rose % to 97;Fundmgs were unchanged at 103; 1907 fives, after rising 2points to 97%, closed 1 down at 96%. Rio de Janeiro Münici-pahty was unaltered at 91; Bello Horizonte rose 1 point to 98% ;S. Paulo 1888 fives rose VA to 98, whilst S. Paulo 1899 and1904 fives were unchanged at 101 and 92 respectively.

Leopoldina stock rose % to 69, whilst Dumont Ordinarywere unchanged at 1%.' Rio de Janeiro Tramway, Light andPower, after declining to 98 X on Wednesday, rose again to99% on Thursday, but closed to-day % bekw^last week at 99.S. Paulo Tramway, Light and Power rose % to 154%. S. Paulo(English) Railway was unchanged at 212.

Consols closed at 84!'/,„ as against 857,0 for the previousweek.

The rates of the Banks of England, France and Germanywere unchanged at 2%, 3 and 3% respectively. Open marketrates in London closed at 1?/16—1%> against l'!/16 last week.Paris market rate rose from 1% to 1%, whilst Berlin marketrate declined % to 2.

Coffee shipments (embarques) at Rio and Santos gave£67,000 as against £30,000 last week and £169,000 last year.

The issue of 20.000:000$, authorised by Decree No. 7,314,of February 4th last, is to be admitted to quotation on the RioStock Exchange.

BALANCE OF THE CAIXA DE CONVERSÃO.Saturday, April I7th, 1909.

Note Account (total ready for emission) .... 81.224:790$000Subsidiary Coins, Balance in Hand 17 :283$954Cash,GoldinDeposit £4,851,877 10 0—77,630:040$000Fcs. 10,345,790 ... 411,208 2 7— 6.579:330$118Dollars 130,912% 26,966 7 3— 431:461$813Rs. 194:730$ .... 21,907 2 6— 350:514$000Pesos 3,100 616 1 4— 9:857$099Liras 1,220 48 9 9— - 775$839Marks 12,666 .... 621 4 4— 9:939$484Pesetas 75 2 19 7— 47$693

£5,313,247 17 4— 85.011:966$046

166.254:040$000

Credit Balances.Notes emittable (recd.) 81.224:790$Less retired paid and replaced 35.289:620$

Notes emittable (reed.) 81.224:790$Federal Treasury (reed. in sub-sidiary coin 18:000$

85.011:250$000

81.242:790$000

166.254:040$000

Tho balance sheet of the « Caixa de Conversão" showsrireS1dur'!,f1t,le week ended APril 17th to have been33:330$ anel withdrawals 292$, leaving a net gain to theCaixa" of 33:038$, or £2,064. The value of the gold indeposit on April 17th was 85.011:966$046, or £5,313,247 f>sagainst £5,329,367 the week before, against which convertido

£°*S*w? "\ ?^culatipn to the value of 85.011:250$ and/'lb$046 m subsidiary coinage.

ÜL0SING QUOTATIONS ON THE MONTREAL STOCK EXCHANGEMontreal Prices

„ , . , . . ., Mar. 2(5 Mm\ 25Mexican Light hiicI Power Co 75 75Üó Õ °/o ..'.......'.'..'.'. 90 90São Paulo Tramway Light and Power Co. Limited

lõ:-J 15*Do 9 °'o 100 ÍOÕRio de .Janeiro Traiu way Light and Power Co. Ltd.. 9S 1 /¦> qqü°°•/• :: 93" ií

BUSINESS DONE ON THE RIO STOCK EXCHANGEDURiNG THE WEEK ENDING APRIL 16th, 1909.

ClosingDESCRIPTION.

Governnient SecuritiesApólices Geraes 5% ..

dodo

LonnMun.

dodododo

Statedo

Statedo

Mun.do

Sales409

7.10 // 10

alvaráfractions 1897 Loan 1903 1906 £20 order of Minas fractions of Rio 4%

0% de Nitherohy orderBank Shares.

Brazil do fractions

Commercial Commercio Railways & TramwaysJardim Botânico

do 60%Viação de Sapucaliy ...

Cotton Mills.Brasil Industrial Confiança Industrial ...Manuf. Fluminense Progresso Industrial ...Corcovado Sapopemba Santa Helena Petropolitana Carioca

Insurance.Confiança

do alvará Brasil Garantia

Miscellaneous.Docas de Santos Docas da Bahia Transp. e Carruagens..Loterias Nacionaes ...Centros Pastoris Trajano de Madeiras ..Cervejaria Brahma E.F. Cabo Frio alvará....Melh. de S. Paulo do."Melh. no Maranhão do.MmeraçãoGoyana alvaráIndustrialGrãoParaã do.

Debentures.Jardim Botânico

do order Carris Urbanos 200$ ...Mercado MunicipalAmerica Fabril Rodrigues & Co ,Industrial de S. Paulo..Manuf. Fluminense

do order Trajano de__Madeiros ..Brasil Industrial ..Transp. e Carruagens .Cant. e V. Fluminense.Santo Alexio ,.S. Joaquim Assoc. dos Emp. do Com

The business donedistributed as follows:—-

Government SecuritiesBank Shares Railways and TramwaysCotton Mills Insurance Miscellaneous ,Debentures

2369

4625345034

70310

284100

890"/,„457100

313190300

1061001502005050503025

502850

5

5241,000

J651,900

80030

100100009050

300

Highest1:020$1:015$1:020$1:016-$

185$1:012$

174$280$280$818$810$

71$440$166$170$

192$5210$

92$129$

23S$138$24$

200$170$180$265$192$300$201$245$270$

40$39$20$

200$

320$8$25

78$13$12$

985$170$

$10097$528$5

$650$020

Lowest This week Previous1:016$1:015$1:005$1:015$

181$1:012$

173 $5280$280$814$810$

70$440$161$170$

190$21.0$

91$129$

237$137$

24$

200$170$180$205$192$300$201$245$270$

40$S9$20$

200$

318$8$

75$12$512$

985$170$

$10097$528$5

$650$020

1:020$1:015$1:010$1:016$

1§4$1:012$

173$5280$280$818$

• S10$70$5

440$166$170$

192$210$

91$129$

238$138$

24$

200$170$ '180$265$192$300$201$245$270$

40$39$20$

200$

320$. 8$78$12$512$

985$170$

$10097$528$5

$650$020

1:017$1:017$1:020$1:016$• 180$1:010$

174$282$285$817$805$

70$425$160$165$

192$

95$130$

238$137$

24$

200$. 170$170$262$190$

255$220$

April

Mar.AprilMar.AprilMar.April

April

Mar.

75766672

317

237

292

16

6

53

551

77

272530

1922

35$ Feb.

!20$ April 68$ 2

74$ 712$ . 213$ Mar. 31

on

275210150400

962005015

14040

150200

S050

120the Rio

214$214$200$167$210$194$195$182$185$198$198$204$206$198$198$48$

Stock

213$5214$200$166$210$194$195$180$185$198$198$204$206$198$198$48$

Exchange

214$214$200$167$210$194$195$1S2$185$198$198$204$200$198$198$48$ 41$

amounted to

213$213$200$168$5210$196$

180$ April .2

Mar. . 25April 5

7733

205$210$205$

Mar.

Mar.

173123

311.983:630$,

751:306$000224:948$000107:662$000166:950$000

5:092$000276:741$000450:931$000

Total week ended April lOth, 1909 1.983:630$000April 9th, 1909 1.655:209$000April 17th, 1908. 1.188:570$000

m.

418 THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW [April 20th, 1909

BUSINESS DONE ON THE S. PAULO STOCK EXCHANCEDURING THE WEEK ENDING AP.RIL 14th, 1909.

DESCRIPTION. Closing

Government Securities. Sales Highest Lowest This we<Apólices Ofch

do óth 500.$ Ribeirão Preto 2nds ...Santos 3rd Amparo ex-divliofcucatu

Bank Shares.Commercio e Industria.De S. Paulo

Railway Shares.Mogyana Paulista E. F. Dourado debs. ...E, P. Araraquara debs.

Miscellaneous.Cia. Melhoramentos ...

do dei).s"O Estado de S. Paulo"Moinho Santi.sta

Mortgage Bonds.Banco União

Tlie total amount of business done on lhe S. Paulo Stock Exchange durinithe week ended April J4th, 1909, amounted to 1.994:424$, distributed as" followsGovernment Securities 970-«(jQ.nno:u;k Sha''fs 120:357$000

Railway Shares I.2r_:812$000.Miscellaneous

ales Highest Lowest This week Previous•S0 905$ 000$ 000$ 880$ April 2

182 45L'.$5 4Õ2$5 452$õ -137$5 Mar. 1915 04$ 94$ 94$ 94$ ,, 20

1,219 94$ 89$75 0Í$5 90$ April 773 101$ 101$ 101$ 101$ 350 90$ 00$ 90$ 90$ • 7

309 300$ 3.5-$ 385$ 365$ Mar. 23131.?5 131$5 131$5 123$ April 1

1.455 310$ 300-S5 309$ 305$ ,, 71.953 329$ 312$ 325$ 327$ 71.228 02$ 00.$ 91$ 89$ 71,000 91 $5 90S5 91-$5 91$ Mar. 24

5S2 103$ 100$ i()3$ 102$ ,, 30m 90$ 90$ 90$ 89 rõ April 050 91$ 9]$ 91$ __ _25 215$ 215$ 215$ 210$ Dec. 1

I»148 "t;* C8$ 0S$ CG$5 April 1

Mortgage Bonds

Total week ended April 14lh, 1909.i, April 8th, 19í;9...

». ., April lOth, 100S...

87 :358$00021.:C6-$000

1.994 :424$C00440:178$000274 :840$000

$t\iMt §!:eeísBANCO COMMERCIALE ÍTALO BRASILIANO.

Capital issued 5.000:000$000Reserve F,u:d 1.350:000$000

BALANCE SHEET <>.\ MARCH 31st, 1900, INCLUDING THOSE OFBRANCHES AT RIO DE JANEIRO, SANTOS, S. CARLOS DOPINHAL, BOTUCATU, RIBEIRÃO PRETO AND _. S..DO PINHAL.

Assets.

bhis dis*3oun..d"'.':::: «lí.:S60Bills receivable .... 8.468:089*390bíhs heid i„ guarantee*::::::;:;::/: SíwiSSSSGuaranteed accounts .

í \

:'",' V'i,()Agents in Brazil

!"??!' SíS00Agents abroad .... 6.418:1755800

Securities on deposit ..YY.! UL8;S40Sundry account Vã^llff 1.370:432$680

48.157:900$920

Liabilities.

Capital Reserve Fund 5.000:000$000Pension Fund 1.350:000$000Deposits at fixed dates , f«:609$000Accounts currenl . ~~ H30 :«»*0S0Accounts current, in co'd

" * S'-ío:(' 7$2,i0•Agents abroad /53:082Ç110

Bills lor collcction 4'XA ^'^ODeposits

" " ' ¦!)72:407$010Sundry ãceounU 14-082 :202$ 60

3.457 :241 $070

48.157:990$920

dent), V. Frontnu (.Manager), C. Carpi (Accountant).

„t ?i?_rMA-,bert.JFrledmsn"» P^ysician and accoucheur, graduat-dat the Un.v3rs.ty of Vienrtà (Áustria). Residehce: Rua HònoHoRua da Alfândega, 95, from 1 to 3. J>"

A._6_T:__. RITI_TAWERNrXK

The most powerful specific against Arthriíi-m nJÍ„L.ver, Angina Pector.s, otc. Received daüy bv the wpii-icn«_?«

de Mello, and others. Always gives the best resulta.Depôt: 73, RUA DOS OURIVES, 73.

VICTOB MAR.K8i<>3, r*u^\ r>os ourives,

RIO DE JANEIRO103

Representative of the Editora of Foreign Daily Papers, HoviewsMagazines, etc, etc.Agent of the Granas Magazins du LOUVRE—Paris.POST CARDS A SPEGIAUTY.

CLOSING QUOTATIONS OF BRAZILIAN STOCKS ANDSHA.TES ON THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANCE

FOK WEEK ENDED

DKS< R1TTIOS Mar. I9th. 1909 Mar _6th 19(9

Goverumeiit Securities«.,1.1 l.oaii 1879 4 l/2 o/0

1SS3 4 i/a o/018S8 4 '/o o/o

1889 4 o/01895 õ "/,,

1903 5 "/o1907 õ °/0 •••

West of Minas Railway f> °/0New Funding Bonds 1898 5 "/0Rese!ssion Bonds 1901-2-5 4 "/„State of S. Paulo 5 °/0 188

5 s > Bonds n u/0> s • õ °/o Exeliqr. Boudsj » » õ°/o Bouds 1904

a õo/o Tsy. Bds. Iss. 92 J/2. 60°/o pd ..» Scrip fully pd.

State of Pará õ °/0do 1907 ali paid

Bahia _°/0 Gold Loan, 190.Comp. Lloyd Brás., ò°/0 St. bds

Corporation BoudsCity of Kio de Janeiro 4 °/0ditto õ°/o gold bondsCity of Santos 6 °/0Bello Horizonte 6°/0 Bds GuarMandos (C. of) õ 1/2 °/0 StgCity of Heleni (Pará) õ °/0 Gd. Bs. of 1905.S. Paulo Gld. Ln. 6 u/0.1908

do Scrip Fully paid. ,.

8962 1/294 i/298 1/295 1/2

1/2

RailwaysBra„i\ Great Southern 7 °/0 Cum. PrefGt. Western of Brazil, Limited

> » » 6°/0 Pref. Shares 50,000 .Leopoldina Limited

õ 1/2 o/0 Pref '....'> 50,001-130,000.,

Porto Alegre a Novo Hàiriliuvgò 7 "/„ Prel.Shares

Bio Claro, S. Paulo, Limited, SharesS. TanIo, Limited

5 P/0 Non-Cum. Pref

Railway ObliyatiousKr«/.il Gt. Southern, ('. «/„ Stl. Mt. Uelm. 189;j

l) °/„ Stl. Mt. Debs. Red.() o/„ Perm. Del». Storlc.

Gt. Western of Biar.il Stock 6 °/„ditto 6°/o RdLeopoldina 4 °/0 do Stock, redMogyana, 5 °/0 Deli; BondsPorto Alegre a Novo Hamburgo f> °/0 Morl

Deb. Red. 1907S. Paulo, Ltd. 6 '/a °/o Debentures Stock....

5 o/0 (]04o/0 lio

Rio Claro, S. Paulo 5 °/0 Dob. stock

BanksBritish Bank of South America, LimitedLondon & Brazilian Bank, LimitedLondon & River Plate Bank, Limited

ShinpiiHjAmazon Steam Navigation Co, Limited..Royal Mail Steam Paclcet Co. ordditto Prefditto _ 1/2 o/0 1. Db. Rd'.'.'.'.'.'.,.'.'.'.'.'.,.'.!'.;!Pacific Steam Navigation Co ".Prince Line Ltd

MininyOuro Preto, ordSt. John dei Rey

do Prefe. 10*o/o^

TelegraphsAmazon Tel: Sharesditto 5°/0 Debs. Red .'.'.'.'Wesfcerii Tele. Co. shares...'.'.'.'.'.".'.'.'.''.

do d» á «/o dei»'.'""!!!!

MiscellaneousÜaiilarülr.H Waterworks 5 "/„ deb. 2nd issue..City oi Santos Imp. Ld. 7 °/0 non-cum pref..City ot Santos Imp. Ld. 6 °/0 cum pref.<o ,1o 0o/0 ist nbarge de,.,do o o/0 (Trams) Debs. liea., Iss at 95:,Scp.. 70 o/0 ali pdKio de Janeiro City Imp. Limited..

do õ oy0 Del). 1878-80 ".""do do <lo 1882-93 & 1901do 50/0 dbs. 190.J. Sep. allp...'..'IVio ite Janeiro 1'lour Mills Liniif"!..

a'-V¦¦',-/.* „ do Mort, dcV.!!!!!!!b: Paulo (las Co. Limitedc}° G 0/0 crini. pref...

Dumont Coffee, ordIo 71V7oCÚm* p,'ei!!".".'

e? p i°p »• „ 5J^°/o I«t. Mor. deb....h ""Io Coffee Lst.õ 1/2 °/o Ist. Mort. deb...ditto t"!0 Cum. Pref...Rio de Janeiro Trams, Light' & p0'w'e'r! Y."

".Rio de J Tram. LghtA Pwr. Ist. Mt 30yrs. 5;0/0 Gld Bd'yõ...Suo Paulo Tram. Lgt A Pwr. (Íu>6)do Ô.-/Ò M t. Debt Eed. (5500)!!!!"*!San Paulo Matçh ü 0/o ;st. Mt. DnN. Brazilian Suga,-Factories... Mana. s Har. 5 o/0 Db. (Rg.) RdPernambuco Water. ü"/0 1 Db

Central Bahia Railway Trust :-Reg. Trust "A" Certs Rdditto «•_' Cfi-ls....

Mtmúò.s Ijiiu:- 7 o/0 Cum: Pref"'' " " '""'-"'

94102829698

9.3

98888(593

J00

928910297857õ9999

410 1/211 Ji/4ÜSII

2 3/426 1/2

205115

90978912910295100

9412411710Ü116

20 1/2f-27 1/257 1/2

105692

10120 I /2

9/1(5

3/1(519,321

2'à/i9212 1/8

101

10)10 3/410 B/4

101

i/8410110099wl/H

1011411 i/249 1/215/88 1/2

9895

498

91 1/2155 1/210071

7/169li9993

7922

8990!l82 3/495 1/299 1/2

I 29595

1038398

100

95

99908895

102

9391

1041008777

1(0100

51112 1/46911 1/4

3 1/427 1/2

208117

92999113110497102

96126iíü108118

212858 1,2

10 1/25894

1032] 1/211/10

5/1631 32

88879082 3/494 1/298 1/294 1/291 1/2

102 1/282 1,2

t l/S

3 1/49518 3/8

103

10211 1/411 1/4

103

994 3/8

103102101 •

2 3/16103

14 1/21250 1/2

2 i/89

10097

5100

92 1/2157 1/210176

9/169S

101100

81249

99

93

99898693

100

9287

10297857599 1/2

410 1/411 3/467 1,2113 1/2

2 1/226 1/2

210115

909789

I2ü10294

101

94124,117106116

20 J/427 1 258

105692

10!.20 1/2

9/16

3 169,16

1

2 3/49212 7,8

101

10010 3/410.3/4

10 L

974 l/S

101100992 1/8

10114111/249 1/2

1 5 88 1/4

9895

4100

92156 1/2

99 1 271

7/16969998

79

899092

>83 l/á95 1/2

1,21/21/2J/2

9994

.95I!i38398

101

95

99 1/2918895

103

9390

1041008777

100 1/2

510 3/412 1/468 1/211 1 _

3 3,4

327 1/2

213117

929991

13110496

103

96126119108118

20 3/428 1/259

10 1/208 "

94J03

21 1/211/16

5.165/8.

1 1/8

3 1/495 •13 3/8

103

10211 1/411 1/4

103

994 3/8

103102101 .

2 1,4103

14 1/21250 1/2

2 1/88 3/1

100 ¦97

5102 ..:

93158 1/2100 1/276

9/1698'

101100

81249

'" -¦""*:• -:*«* I

!_~~"H¦?~~~~«?!SH". !.¦¦". , ¦'.-" 1 . 1 . —>-—-——»

*HBiiwiiim«riiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiin

mmmmmmtm*^

i i-i f n aa^»»mmm«i

April 20th, 1909. ] THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW 419

jpfil Sii|COFFEE ENTRIESIn bags of 60 kiloi?.

Rio

By Centra1 R'y........» Leopoldina R'y .

luland :.: .Coastwise, discharged.

¦ • Total Transferred from Rio

tolvicheroy......

Not Entries at RioC H»twi8«, íii transit .N ctheroy from Kio .*

f.popoldhia lí'y....

Total Rioincludiug Ni-.çtheroy & transit

• Santos•

Totai Rio A Santos

KOR THE WEEK ENDED

Apiil 16iill;9'

9 430

7,413220

17,083

1.S38

15 215

7,070

22,3 ir,19,3'J9

41,654

April 91919

J 1.2JG

5.596õ87

19,109

1,916

17,493

4,015

April 1"

21 50816,879

83,387

15,135

12,504

FOR THE CROP TO

Apiil li? April 17

887 006

1,172 0593,_»Í1SI 201 74',i

30,S97 ' 2,260 874

2,282

28,615

5,570

34,18540,ó4o

80,70 L

120,523

2,140,351700

479 766

2,6-0.8379,006 U33

11,626,870

824,730

1,16'i 312200,995

2,693 073

- 97,666

2,5M5,407

402;854

2.998.2616,653,273

9,651.531

Tlie coast arrivals íor the week endeu 16th April froiu.Santos jiyg

. ... Angra dos Eeis ....'. 24

Total. 220 bas;sThe total entries by the différeut S. Paulo Railways for the C.op to April16th 1909 were as follows :— \

PerPast Sorocabana Total at

Jundiahy ai-d others S. 1'aulo1908/1909: 7.834 804 1,169.074 9.003 8731907/1908: 5,536.820 1.117.705 6,654,585

RèníaiuingTotal at atSantos S. Paulo9,006,0.13 nil6,651,273 1,312

COFFEE LOADED (EMBARQUES)In bags of 60 kilos.

Rio...Nio.theroy..In transit...

Total Uio including NictíioVoyà transit

Mantos

Total Rio & Santos

DURING WEEK ENDED FOR THE

19(8 19(3 1919 1909Apr.16 April April 17 April 16

lr\690 13,576 48,336 2,283 61012,4'áO 472 4,748 482,4.9

_^._ 700

31,120 14,048 53.081 2,766,739345 18 37.415 9,345,757

31.465 14,066 ' 90,499 12,112,406

l!i( 8April 17

3,252,443381,100

3.633,5437,589,223

11,222,766

Rio de Janeiro, April 17th, 1909.Entries'at Rio and Santos for the week ending April 16th

were 3,267. bags more than for the previous week, and 39,077bags less than for the corresponding week last year.

For the crop, entries reached 11,626,870 bags, as against9,651,534 bags last year, and 17,177,912 bags in 1907-8.

Shipments (embarques) were 17,399 bags more than for theprevious week, and 59,034 bags less than for the correspondingweek last year. .

The. average price for Rio No. 7 was 5$049 against 4$953in the previous week; and at New York it was 8.25 centsagainst 8.23 cents in the previous week, and 6.00 cénts lastyear.

Stocks increased 11,886 bags, and are 834,306 bags lessthan last year.

Santos entries were 2,460 bags more than for the previousweek, and were larger than shipments by 18,994 bags. Thedaily average for the week (six days) was 3,223 bags, asagainst 3,376 bags for the previous week, and 7,757 bags lastyear. ......

TJp to April 16th, entries for the last nine years were asfollows:— • ...:.. .. , .

1908-09 .. 11,626,870

1907-08 9,650,105

1906-07 17,033,3241905-06 9,215,1461904-05 9,322,4381903-04 9,636,2231902-03 10,845,6161901-02 13,661,8161900-01 9,717,810

For the coffee crop, clearances up to April loth show

739,360 bags niore than last year, and sterling value £1,886,258more.

April 121314151617

Commissarios Prices7$5007$5007$5007$4007$4007$400

Market Prices7$400—7$5007 $5007$5007$4007$4007 $400

Si Paulo, April 17th, 1909.The situation of the coffee market was in so far modified

üurmg tlie week under review as tlie consuming markets showedsigns of weakness, whilst the market in Santos got stronger,and even advanced slightly.

The desire to liquidate profits on the May engàgement prob-ably caused the decline in the formei-, whilst on this side thecovermg -of short sales for April and May, and a few purchasesot spot coiiee, against which c. and f. contracts for July .ship-ment were entered, are the reason.for the display of firmnesshere. .

About 40,000 bags of spot coffee must have changed handsduring the week at prices which are near 4$200 for desirablecoüees, equal to type 4, Transactions in the future market aremuch restrictod, there are buyers at about 4$050 to 4$100 for alimonths, with few sellers.

Shipments are insignificaiit, whilst receipts continue on thesame scale as before, and, it seems, they will hardly reach100,000 bags this month, which causes some surprise, as heavierarrivals were expected with better prices.

Under these conditions it. is most probable that the decreaseof the visible supply will again be large.

The weather during the week lias been bright and ratherunseasonably warm during the day time.

No further news from the interior.

Weekly Report of the Companhia Registradora de Santos.—Sales registered on the basis of New York Exchange StandardNo. 4. By Cable:—

Sales for tlie week ending April 17th 3,000 bags.Closing quotations for April 4$050

>, „ May 4$100>> ,, ,, June 4$150>;> ,, ,, July 4$150

COMPANHIA REGISTRADORA DE SANTOS.BALANCE SHEET, MARCH 31st, 1909.

Assets.Incorporatlon 270:000$00ÜOffice Furniture 7:005$300Shares deposited in Guarantee by Directors 8:000$000Bills Receivable 100:000$000Accounts Current 273:165$920Sundry Accounts 45.745.15790Cash:—

At Head Office ....' 6:275$270„ S. Paulo Branch 3:397$960„ London and Brazilian Bank Ltd; 1:000$000,, Brasilianische Bank für Deutschland 128:427$630,, Banco de Commercio e Industria de São

Paulo t< 107:822$130„ Banco do Brasil 322:681.li410,, Banco Commercial Italo-Brasiliano 32:G18$690

C02:223$090

1.30G :140$100

Liabilities.

Capital: 10,000 shares at 100$000 1.000:000$000.Reserve Fund 100:000$000 i* ' " •" •Profit and Loss 52:I34$470

212:134$47ÓGuaíahtees of the Directors '8:000$000~;Accounts Current 24:717$450Sundry Accounts 61:288$lf0

1.306:140$100

E. and O. E.—Santos, lst April, 1909.—Thomas Thornton, Acting ; Presi-dent; A. G. Monteiro de Castro, Manager.

THE COFFEE SAILEDDURING THE WEEK ENDED APRIL 16th

WAS OONSIGNED TO THE FOLLOWING DESTINATIONS:In Bags of 60 kilos.

"™> X;?T«?C0A« R,VKK CAPE °™K" 'kO^ CR°P'STATES KAKKAN PI'ATK P0KT8 WKKK TO DATE

Rio 17,000 2,009 4,602 3,077 2,795 29,483 2,742,490^Santos 422 2.300 — —. 2,727 9,374 008

Total1908 19(19 17,422 2,014 4,602 5,377 2,795 32,210 12,116.498

.:.i'7 1<(»8 61,572 47,971 3.366 3,267 2,915 119,091 11,249.146

VALUE OF COFFEE CLEARED FOR FOREIGN PORTSWEEK ENDED APRIL 16th.

¦Vfi-, ¦

Apr. 16 Apr; Apr. 16 Apr. Crop to April 16

Hags Ka|s. £ Bags I £Rio 24.881 21,945 53,593 46,14a .2.478,219. 4,261,316

Santos 2.727 2 326 6,328 5,311 9,262,4711 17,651.144Total 1908 1909 ....

~27^ÕÕH — 24,271 5lJ,921

_ 51,459 Tl,740.690 21,912,460

do 1907,190S 115,725 87,624 216,551 157,067 11,001,380 20,026,202

tMMmmt mr «¦

%v*V;'-.- '¦¦¦ ' "-'¦¦;¦

timwlmmtmmm..-.. ..-¦¦. ,... .--^k—jaaaaaosatMaaiHfcafc tui__zixmxiL.

420 THE BRAZÍLIAN REVIEW [April 20th, 1909.

OUR OWN STOCKIn Bags of 60 kilos.

RIO: Stuuk ou April 1)RntriKH ritiring week ended April l(i . ..

Loaded ( líinl-arq iitS ) for (lie week

Mto<:li in ICio ou Apr. í<».

9.3.9S015,245

311,22518,69092 535

Stock at Nictheroy and Porto da Madania onApril 9,251

Stock in Ilha do Vianua ou April 37,017» Aíloat on April 44,0r9

EpfcrieB at Nictlieroy plus total embarquesincluding transit 38,190

Oeditct : embarques at Nictlieroy, Porto daMadania and Vianna and aailing.i duringthe week . .

: OS,5.17

41,913

Nfocli n< Ni«>ílH>roj ami aíioaí ou Apr. 16... 6(5 004

Nfocli isi ls( an<l 'iii<l Iiiiimím mui iiu,si> uf

Nir.f.hcroy siimI alloal on Apr. líí 159,139SANTOS : Stock ou April 322 800

Kntries for w«ek ended April l(j 19 339

I.oaded during same week ,

NlovItN in ftanlo.s on Apr. Ili.

342.139345

341,794

Ri-.iie.kH in llio imi iMhiiIoh on Apr. IGtli, 19(9 500,933do do ou Apr. 9th, 1909 489,047''o do ou Apr. 17tli, 19(8 1,335 239

United States Ports.Havre

FOREIGN STOCKSIn Bags of 60 kilos.

Apr. 10/1909 Apr. 3/1909 Apr. 11/19083,586 000 3.558.000 3 488 0003,020,000 3.015,000 3.463,000

Botli 6,612.000Ddivr.ries United States 137,000ViNÜde Supply at United

Slates parti 3,819 OHO

0,573,000150,000

3,921,000

6,951,00082; 000

3,741,000

COFFEu PRICE CURRENTFor the Week cntíing April I6th, 1909.

OE3CKIPT10N

RIO —

Market N.6. 10 kilo.--

N. 7. » >

N.8. » >

N.9. > .

SANTOS—Superior per 10 kiloa.Good Average

April10

N. YORK per lbSpot iN. 7 cent

SOptions —

Ma}-...Sept...

» Dec...

HAVRE, per so kilosOptions francs.

i May.. >» Sept.. >

Dec .. >

1IAMI3URG per '/.„ k.Options pfnnign.

» May... >• Sept... »» Doe... >

LONDON pei wt.Options shillings

» M a y .. >Sept.. >

» Dec... ,

5.1745.2424.9705.03S4.7664.8344.5024.030

3.9003.600

A p r.12

174 j242

,97003570(58841

o545444.0(524.030

CSrs

3.9003.000

3»/48

Apr13

5.242Í5.31 L5.Ü3Sfa.1064.8344.9024.0304.698

3 0003.000

8

0.80

A p r14

5.2425.3115.0385.1004.8344.9024.6304.09S

3.9003.000

S i/4

Apr.15

5.2425.3115.038

- 5.1064.8344.9024.030

£4.698

3.9003.000

8

6.S5I 0.80! 0.856.10 6.05 6.055.901 5.90| õ.90

o

8 i/48

6.856.105.90

4o..5: 45.50: 45.2o43.75; 43.50 43.2542.75] 42.50 42 25

3o.00j 36.0033..5! 33.5032.75! 32.50

Apr.16

5.242õ.dll5.0385.106t4.8344.9024.6304.698

3.9003.600

8 l/4

6.806.055.85

44. lb42.7511.75

33 931 931/9

33/031/931/6

36.0033.50|32.50

33 631,931/6

Aver-ages

5.253

5.0X9

4.845

4.641

3.9003.600

8 258 00

6 836 075 89

45.3143.3142 31

35.50 35 8733.25 33.5032.25! 32 50

33/631/031/3

33 631 831 -

Rio. ...Santos.

For the Week ending April I6th, 1909.For the Week entíing April 9th, 1909.

Apr. 16/1909 Apr. 9/190912,00021,000

21.00027,649

Apr. 17/190833.000I0.7o8

Total. 48,619 38,000 49,768

RAINFALL ON THE LEOPOLDINA RAILWAYWeek ending April I6th (in millimetres).

VI \ MONS lOth. llth. 12th. I3th. 14th. lfith. 16th.

Nictlieroy ••••;, Cachoeiras 137 36 66 15 FrilMirgo 50 5

5

Cordeiro 52 ]o 40Laranjeiras 2S 20 10SumidouroCapivary 227 31 73 5S õMaeuhé 12 25 110 50Triuiupiio... 105 16 25 J05 3

' "IQ

Campos 43 12 10 2 5Três Irmão." 30 80 j(j Porto Novo 29 31) 21

""*'

V. Grande 11 10 15 . ..Recreio 112 13 ..'!.'.!Cataguazes..., 15 70 J0 3o

"o

Mirahy 148 16 13 Raima 46 200 17 10 10

',.".'.'.

São Paulo 26PatrocínioPoreiuncula 179 40 10Santa Luzia 71 112 74 J7 ]v jqBicas 88 15 gLigação 80 101 3 lS. Geraldo 31 107 00'Peixeiras 125 50 30 ...........Ponta Nova 52 29

'.'"

Saúde 30 lo5 " "'24

...... .... . """ '•""

Mauá ...... . • • • •

Alto da ."Serra •••••• ...... ...... ......

Areai 30 ...... ........[... 9 ' ' "' *" "

Murundu 40 """' 38

jí^py,•••• í'8 "75

15:::::: oo ""8ó

:;::::Muniz 1-reire 70 60 607. 120 90

Ituperuun I 241 85 13 37 io

Companhia Paulista de Armazeus Geraes

SANTOSWEEKLY COFFEE MOVEMENT

Whouse No. i WAoute No. 2

Stock on April 7thEntries during the week.

3AGS 3AGS

7 036 12,506828 1,313

Withdrawals during the week,7,864 13,819

],006

7,864Stock ou April '.16th 1909

Warrants to the numbet of 0, represeuting. ü'were in cireulation on Ajiril lGth 1909.Santos lOth April 1909.—Harrxj C. Estill, Menager.

12,813bags of coffee

Shipments of Coffee from Victoria.DURING THE MONTH OF MARCH 1909

ShippersHard, Hand & Co 24 864J Zi.izen & Co '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 21-flOÒA. Jurado di Co 3 500Ornstein & Co ] '500Sundry '

DestinationsUnited StatesEuropellio and Coastwise.

50,764

50,614

15050,764

Total export from lst July 1908 to March 31st 1909.Shippers

Hard. Rand & Co 234,789J.Zinzeu&Co # 97115A. Prado & Co. ift'aníOrnstein <& ( •••.......Sundry

18,3002,000

805353,009

DestinationsUnited States _ # 340,Europe ....." o'llio and Coastwise

••....541

,2151,253

353.0! 9The total exports for corresponding period last year was 332,799 B/C.snnnrmrusBa

ÁGUA MATTONI. SILVA GONÇALVES A CO.P.O. Box: 1,283 11 Rua Municipal 11 Telephone: 1,381."™ "" ¦«—¦»—^—-—rc^^^^^ I

CAUTIOIsT

Sole Agent & Importer: C. N. Lefebvre-Rua da ÇaltorialoTie ex 34-Rio de Janeiro

'TWHIlWWMMIflllIBIIIIIIIMMMIWMIIIIIIIIIIIIM IIIIIMIIIIBII I ^¦¦^¦¦^¦¦i

¦

Mjàmmmii* «¦¦rnr |- nu i__r i i __ ir-i. —. ^.. ¦¦--¦¦.*_— _., -..,-.... f .".!__ _, l.i __ ,. . ||t J . - ¦ h»l'"ll II.» ———______¦

April 20th, 1909] THE BRAZILIÃN REVIEW 421MANIFESTS OF COFFEE

DURING THE WEEK ENDING APRIL 16th,RIO DE JANEIRO.

Date, Vessel & Destination ShippersApril

9 —BYRON—NewDittoDittoDitto

ditto

1909.

10.-

DittoDittoDitto

CHAUCER-Ditto

^ork Hard. Rand &d:tto Cario Pareto ,d:tto Theodor Wille &dltto Ornstein & Co.

Tinto & Co

Co. ..& Co. .

Co.

ditto Gustav Trinks & Co.d-tto McKinlay, Schmidt & Co.-New Orleans Cario Pareto & Co. ...ditto Norton, Megaw & Co.

YPIRANGA—Hambirg C SilvaFORMOZA—Marseille opt C Silva

Ditto—Oran Pinto &Ditto—Philippeville OrnsteinDitto—Gabes

& Co.k Co.Co. .

& Co.

Bacjs Total

5,0004,0002,5001,0001,000

500500 U../I0

1,5001,01)0

2,.j.)'l402

Cario Pareto & Co.GUAM PARA—Bahia Sundry

Ditto—Maranhão I into &Ditto ditto C. SilvaDitto—Pará Pinto &Ditto ditto Seque!i a

Co. .,& Co.Co. .

& Co.

ITAPERUNA—Paranaguá .... Sequeira & CoDitto—Pelotas McKinlay, Schmidt &Ditto ditto Eugen Urban Ditto ditto Lage & irmão Ditto ditto Sequeira & CoDitto—Rio Grande Eugen Urban Ditto ditto Sequeira & CoDitto ditto I.j.ge & i hão Ditto—Porto Alegre Lage & Irmão Ditto ditto ,".. Eugen Urban

Co.

12.- -CHILI—Montevidéo C. Silva & Co.DittD ditto Pinto & Co. .Ditto—Buenos Aires Ornstein & Co.

13.—NILE—Buenos AiresDitto ditto ...

Ornstein & Co.Eugen Urban .

11—ORIANA—Punta ArenasDitto ditto Ditto—TalcahuanoDitto—ValparaizoDitto ditto

Sundry Norton, Megaw & Co.Eugen Urban Eugen Urban Gustav Trinks & Co.

ORITA-TeneriffeDitto—Mossel BayDittc—Capetowr.Ditto ditto Ditto—Salonica

Ornstein & Co.Eugen UrbanEugen Urban .,Pinto & Co. ...Pinto & Co. ...

DANUBE—Algoa Bay .Ditto—Mossel Bay ..Ditto—CapetownDitto—Port ElizabethDitto—Southampton'

Norton, Megaw & Co.Noiton, Megaw & Co.Clarkson & Cross ...P. S. Nicolson & Co.Hard, Rand & Co. ...

15—S. SAIVDitto

. DittoDittoDittoDittoDittoDittoDitto-DittoDitto

ADOR—Maceió-Ceará-Tutoya

ditto —Mar anli ão

-Pará .'ditto ......

Santarém-Manáos

ditto ditto

Sequeira & Co.Eugen UrbanSurdryZenha, Ramos & Co.Eugen Urban Zenha, Ramos & Co.Eugen U"ban Zenha, Ramos & Co.Sundry Zenha, Ramos & Co.Eugen Urban

IT AN EM A—PernambucoCARINTHIA—Trieste .

Ditto ditto Ditto—ELime Ditto—Tangiers

Eugen Urban Ornstein & Co. ...S. Gonçalves & Co.Pinto & CoS. Gonçalves & Co.

250250125125

1519510

1,050101

50180508030

23045

100100250

50350

1,000

400500

10170505050

150300250100125

300370450(Í00150

50330100509025

3305515

240410

250100250125

l,ói l

1,115

1,400

900

'RO

!>"'<:.:>

1,_70

Jfl.—FLORIANÓPOLIS—Porto Alegre. Eugen Urban

1,701•<()

i'.7:',C0

Total 28,'j'H

April

SANTOS.Date, Vessel & Destination Shippem

4.—REGINA ELENA—Genoa SundryDitto—Naples Surdry

Bags Total

32

7.—THESPIS—New York Roxo & Co.Ditto ditto Sundry

37250

ARAGUAYA—Buenos AiresDitto ditto

290Hard, Rand & CoKrische & Co 2,001

42.

2,300

Total. o. T,T'J

14512239400

CORRECTIONS IN RIO MANIFESTS FOR THE WEEK ENDING APRIL 9th.Meirelles Famithe, per Aachen, for Leixões — 8Guimarães and Irmão, per Aachen, for Leixões —¦ !Eugen Urban, per Itacolomy, for Pernambuco Ornstein and Co., per Araguaya, for Buenos Aires Norton, Megaw and Co., per Araguaya, for Buenos AiresCastro Silva and Co., per Araguaya, for Montevidéo —

BICYCLETTASRoyal Enfield Cyeíes

Agentes no Brazil

Borüdo Maia á Co.CAIXA DO CORREIO 131

Rua do Rcsario n. 17 — Rio de Janeiro

_^MADE LIKE À GÜÍT

fftgtf jf«yPernambuco, April 8th, 1909.

Since my circular about 25,000 bags of yellow crystals havebeen sold at 2$300 for 96° poli, and these are reported as des--íned for New York. The export price for Brutos continuesunaltered at l.$600 to 1$70Ò. Thè past few days dealers haveshown more mclmatiõh to buy, and Usinas Crystaís and Whitesof good qualities havo given planters 200 to 400 réis advance,and yesterday the sellers tried to further advance prices, butthis move simply resülted in buyers completely retiring from themarket. Next week the 2,000 tons of yellow crystals held herelor itiyer Plata account will be sliipped to Rosário. Stock cfsugar here is given out as about 302,000 bags of ali qualities,but the reahty is probably quite 50,000 bags more, whilst entriesstill give an average of 6,000 to 8,000 bags daily. In Maceió at tbeend of last week stock was 220,000 bags, of which at least 180,000bags are Brutos, but dealers there at present refuse to acceptcurrent pnees, and consequently little or nothing has been soldthero for foreign markets, but sooner or later it must go, ::swith such favourable weather as now prevails there can be nodoubt that the coming crops will be record ones in ali the sugarStates, as the quantity of cano planted has been on an unprece-dented seale.

The movement of sugar during tlie present crop at Pernam-buco shows that from September lst, 1908, to March 31st, 1909,1,556,991 volumes of various weights entered, whilst 1,270,234volumes of 75 kilos each were exported. The balance on Sept.lst, 1908, was 85,000 volumes, whilst consumption for the sevenmonths at 10,000 bags of 75 kilos a month comes out at 70,000.Tho stock, therefore, on March 31st was approximately 301,757bags of 75 kilos, a laro;e percentage of which is Demeraras andBrutos for export. It is stated that the crop wil lin ali proba-bility excecd the estimate of 1,800,000 bags.

í||I|mPernambuco, 8th April, 1909.

The market continued for some days with a very tired ap-pearance, and sellers were already beginniug to deliver r/t9$S00 fearing still further drop, when suddenly a large Rioshipper entered tho market and paid 10$000 for 1,000 bags.This frightened others who had business done at lower pricesSouth, and they jumped in to cover, with the result that Sertãowas done at 10$100, but the past two days' market has neasier tendency, and to-day's quotations aro 9$800 to 10$000,was doiM at 10$100, but the past two days' market has an10$100 without finding buyers.

The weather continues favourable, and advices from Sertãoanticipate good crops, and probably early to market if thingscontinue as at present. Liverpool market has been slightlybetter during the week at about %d. advance, but prices arestill a long way under those current here.

PERNAMBUCO COTTON.

Shipments from September lst, 1908 to 31st March, 1909.Bags.

Santos 51,646Rio 37,527Continent 6,495Bahia 6,063Liverpool 4,894Rio Grande do Sul 4,268Maranhão 413Porto Alegre 87Antonina 44

111,437Taken by Fabricas 14,000

Total 125,437

Shipments in March, 1909.Bags.

Santos 11,493Rio 7,332Bahia 1,796Liverpool 1,334Continent 560Rio Grande 549Maranhão 213 *.Porto Alegre 87

"23,364

Entries.Bags.

lst Sept., 1907 to 31st March, 1908 . . 125,150lst Sept., 1908, to 31st March, 1909 .. 130,055

li

«_*í

422 THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW [April 20th, 1:90?;.

i

r t{.t{í|lin

April II11:IIIIflICII'IC

IÜIIII!.i I.II.IIII.1::.12.12.12.

ARRIVALS AT THE PORT OF RIO DE JANEIRO

DUI1ING THÕ WEEK ENDiNG APRIL I6th, 1909.

i.—San Nicolas, German. s.s., 3,011 tons, from Hamburg.i. C.-efclü, German, .s.s.. 2,444 tons, from Bremen.i.—Hangcsuna, Norwegian, barque, 137 tons.

. Ca;; Vila.™, German, s.s., 5,609 tons, from Buenos Aires.i. Nr.iin, British, s.s., 1,552 tons, from Rosário..—Paulista, Brazilian, s.s., 615 tons, from Pernambuco.

. (tac,ui, Brazilian, s.s., 512 tons, from Pernambuco.. Rimona, Brazilian, schooner, 400 tons, from Itajahy.

Assú, Brazilian, s.s., 925 tons, from Santos.—Goyaz, Brazilian, s.s., 981 tons, from New York.Fo;-n-.oza, French, s.s., 2,812 tons, from Buenos Aires.-Argentina, Italian, s.s., 3,047 tons, from Genoa.

.—Chill, French, s.s., 2,771 tons, from Bordeaux.•Regaíeira, Brazilian, schooner, 155 tons, from Itabapoana.—Canadá, British, schooner, 2,137 tons, fiom Pascagoula.£. Salvador, Brazilian, s.s., 1,999 tons, from Pascagoula.Ins, Brazilian, s.s., 899 tons, from .Manáos.Ert.sc.ue, Brazilian, schooner, 262 tons, from Penedo.

. Candelarin, Brazilian, schooner, 264 tons, from Itajahy.. Sinai, French, s.s., 2,901 tons, from Bordeaux.-Ouessant, French, s.s., 5,317 tons, from Havre.

Nilo, British, s.s., 3,135 tons, from Southampton.-Voltaire, British, s.s., 5,500 tons, from New York.Savoin, Italian, s.s., 3,099 tons, from Buenos Aires.

.—IWossoró, Brazilian, s.s., 924 tons, from Pará.Itaúna, Bnmlian, s.s., 401 tons, from Porto Alegre.—Araoaty, Brazilian, s.s., 531 tons, from Areia Branca.-S. João c«a Barra, Brazilian, s.s., 230 tons, from S. João da Barra.Itajubã, Brazilian, s.s., 958 tons, from Porto Alegre.-Amazone, French, s.s., 2,343 tons, from Buenos Aires.-Kontg Friedrich August, German, s.s., 5.590 tons, from Hamburg.-Etruria, German.. s.s., 2,903 tons, from Hamburg.¦Onia, British, s.s., 5,824 tons, from Valparaiso.-Arabiana, British, s.s., 1,871 tons, from Cardiff.-Danube, British, s.s., 3,121 tons, from Buenos Aires.-Sofia Hojíenberg, Austrian, s.s., 3,521 tons, from Buenos AiresCon;itr.;a, Austrian, s.s., 1,734 tons, from SantosOriana, British, s.s., 4,532 tons, from Liverpool.-Itapacy, Brazilian, s.s.; 717 tons, from Porto AlegreMaynnk, Brazilian, s.s., 375 tons. from Ponta de ArôaGarcia, Brazilian, s.s., 141 tons, from Iguape.-Cuuatao, Brazilian, s.s., 1,080 tons, from Porto AlegreSt. Egbert, British, s.s., 2,394 tons, from Cardiff-Niceto, .Spanish, s.s., 1,795 tons, from Newport.tij-::ca, German, s.s., 3,006 tons, from Santos.Gonductor, British, barque, 1,002 tons, from CanadaFoca, Argentine. schooner, 7 tons, from Liverpoolrtas issa, British, s.s., 2,442 tons, from New Yorkrorr Head, British, s.s., 3,868 tons, from Cardiff.K. Victoria, Swedish, s.s., 2,170 tons, from GothenhurgOlinda, Brazilian, s.s.. 1,240 tons, from Manáos. emder, Brazilian, schooner, 57 tons, from Pernambuco

131313131313,1313.II.14.II.L4.14.II.14,II.M,14. -15.-15.-15.-15,-15.-15.-15,-

i»;.16.—1(1.-16.—

April 10101010.1011.1111.11.12,12.1112121219

13.13.13.13.13,.Io.13.14,14.14,15,15.-15,15,

ARRIVALS AT THE PORT OF SANTOSDURING THE WEEK ENDING APRIL 16th, 1909.

.—Celtic Prince, British, s.s., 2,307 tons, from New York.—Formosa, French, s.s., 2,812 tons, from Buenos Aires..—Terence, British, s.s., 2,690 tons, from Manchester.—Itauna, Brazilian, s.s., 403 tons, from Porto Alegre..—Siena, Italian, s.s., 2,820 tons, from Genoa..—Garcia, Brazilian, s.s., 192 tons, from Iguape;.—Portsmouth, British, s,s., 1,377 tons, from London..—Amstelland, Dutch, s.s., 3,514 tons, from Amsterdam..—Gunther, German, s.s., 1,913 tons, from New York.—Santa Cruz, Brazilian, s.s., 510 tons, from Maceió.—Cubatão, Brazilian, s.s., 8S2 tons, from Porto Alegre.—Argentina, Italian, s.s., 3,047 tons, from Genoa..—Savoia, Italian, s.s., 3,099 tons, from Buenos Aires..—Magríaline, British, s.s., 1,861 tons, from HulI.—Gloria, Brazilian, s.s., 253 tons, from Rio de Janeiro.— Chiíi, French, s.s., 3,335 tons, from Bordeaux.—Itapacy, Brazilian, s.s., 510 tons, from Porto Alegre.-Sofia Kohenberg, Austrian, s.s., 3,521 tons, from Buenos Aires.—Orita, British, s.s., 5,823 tons, from Valparaiso.—Amazone, French, s.s., 2,958 tons, from Buenos Aires.—Danube, British, s.s., 3,120 tons, from Buenos Aires.—Lewisham, British, s.s., 1,784 tons, from Rosário;—Saturno, Brazilian, s.s., 515 tons, from Rio de Janeiro.-Niie, British. s.s., 3,135 tons, from Southampton.—Ravenna, Italian, s.s., 2,548 tons, from Buenos Aires.—Paulista, Brazilian, s.s., CGS tons, from Pernambuco.-Mcssoró, Brazilian, s.s., 924 tons, from Pernambuco.-San Nicolas, German, s.s., 3,040 tons, from Hamburg.—Phidias, British, s.s., 1,786 tons, from Antwerp.—Voltaire, British, s.s., 5,499 tons, from New York.

6.-Santos, Brazilian. schooner, 133 tons, from Santos".I 1 í- O "."» fi .¦ -1 a* ."» -. 1 : I 110. -Esperança, Brazilian, schooner, 33 tons, from Cabo FrioAíma, Brazilian, schooner, 33 tons, from Cabo Frio.

SÀILINGS FROM THE PORT OF RIO DE JANEIRO

April liIIIII!

IIIII!IIII.VI12.1313,1313.13.13.1314.1414.14.II.1414,11,14.-14.-14.-14.-II -14.-14.-14-14.-15.-15.-.15.-15.-

•15.-15.-15.-15.-15.-16.-16.-1''.-IC-1(1.-16.-

DURING THE WEEK ENDING APRIL 16th, 1909.

' £.«tS,ann' Qerman> s-s-> 6.009 tons, for Hamburg.

Tis feorman, s.s., 1,913 tons, for Rio Grande?"£'.' r

1:U1' *¦"•' 'Sfii7 t0ns> í01' Bue»<>S Aires.' TÍt ' !'n Z' ,;UI- s-s" 3Õ9 tons> J'01' Victoria.pcÍS

Cruz, Brazilian, s.s., 511 tons, for Penedo.—Esperança, Brazilian, s.s., 469 tons, for Aracaju..-5. João, Brazilian, schooner, 15 tons, for Cabo Frio'-S Francísc0^

*™1^'«**™<*. ^ tons, f°or Cabo Frio' LI" í0' Braaihan, schooner, 84 tons, for Cabo Frio.&J. v "Cn> s"s-' 2'812 tons> íor Marseilles.' f't€ã'

Non!L?gian. Marque; 506 tons, for Aruba.rnTT ' ?raz,han> *•*•> 713 tons, for Porto Alegre.-Chili, french, s.s., -,771 tons, for Buenos Aires.c,„'Ír"0,,(Bl;nzilian' s-s- 933 i01>*> for Porto Alegre.—Savoia, italian, s.s., 3,099 tons, íor Genoa.—uv, Norwegian, barque, 797 tons..-Sinai, French, s.s., 2,961 tons, for Buenos Aires.NiÍp S«Ar8entme!

"•"•' m tons> íor Buenos Aires.-Nile, British, s.s., 3,135 tons. for Buenos Aires' iíír âra

Brazilian, s.s., 1,003 tons, for Manáos."KsíXr c ?^h, s.s., -'ü3° tons' íor lli0 Gvmáe.

-Sá . !h iCÍ1 AUgUSÍ> Qermaa' s-s- 5>õ9° t0"s- &>r

12. m- l shA s-s" :l'7ü? tons> 'or Rosário.~í "

/. '"'í lsh' "•- 2>161 tons, for Antwerp.-AMU, brazilian, s.s., 925 tons, for Porto Alegre.-Wíossoro, Brazilian. s.s., 924 tons, for Santos"vòtS T{í*ll' s-s" 1?786 tons' for Sa,ltos-

piuStS' ! 1 - S,S" 5,õ0° tons' íor Buenos Ajres.-Pauiisla, Brazilian, s.s., 615 tons, for Porto Alegre

ISSrif lrr'U"' *-s- *'317 tcms> for Buenos Ah-es.Danube ivh ¦?' S'*" 51" t0ns' for 1>01'to Alegre.AmT,onV it1Bhí

S,S" ¥21 lons' íor Southampton.~ÜS^°^l d'' S-s" 2>343 tons> íor Bordeaux.'oÍhI

PISerS' A^ti,k!i1' S-S-' 3'521 tons' f01' Trieste.-Ortta, British, s.s., 5,824 tons, for Liverpool.-Onarta, British, s.s., 4,532 tons, ior Valparaiso.

-Cannthia, Austrian, s.s., 1,734 tons, for TriesteMflnüa,u^Zlliai?;. S/S-' 401 tons' íor Pernambuco."cio

L p '

?."*"*• 18-B- 2'2^s ^ns, for Barbados.Glotilde, Biazilian, schooner.. 20 tons. for Cabo FrioQam? ?;Ò!?r?raZll,.an> Bchoone.r. 20 tons, for Cabo Frio.-Gama, Brazilian, schooner, 50 tons. for Cabo Frio-;•£!£*> Norte, Brazilian, schooner, .uSSî5?' Cabo Frio-Gua. any, Brazilian. s.s., 043 tons, for S. Francisco

laiaínensf nSVi"* 8.cll0onw. 53 tons, for Cabo Frio.Mavahense, Brazilian, schooner, 30 tons, for Cabo Frio-Tijuea, German, s.s., 3,006 tons, for Hamburg '

Crefeíd, German, s.s., 2,444 tons, for S. Francisco.cLi:"T VBl*aZÍ1Ían' S-S- 918 tons> íor 1>0'to AlegreGarça, Brazilian, s.s., 141 tons, for Iguape

April 10.10-10,11,12,12,12.-12,12,12,12,13.-13.-13.-13.-13-13.-13.-1 nlo.-13.-13,13.-14.-14.-14.-;14.-14,-14.-

SÀILINGS FROM THE PORT OF SANTOS&URING Th'E WEEK ENDING APRIL 16th, 1909.

-Formosa, French, s.s., 2.812 tons, for Marseilles,-Siena, Italian, s.s., 2,820 tons, for Buenos Aires.-Assu, Brazilian, s.s., 779 tons, for Rio de Janeiro.-Amstelland, Dutch, s.s., 3,514 tons, for Buenos Aires.-Éíauna, Brazilian, s.s., 403 tons, for Pernambuco.-Garcia. Brazilian, s.s., 192 tons, for Rio de Janeiro.-Argeníjna, Italian, s.s., 3,047 tons, for Buenos Aires.-Tapton, British, s.s., 2,300 tons/ for Buenos Aires.-Cannthia, Austrian, s.s., 1,734 tons, for Trieste-Savoja, Italian, s.s., 3,099 tons, for Buenos Aires.-Chili, French, s.s., 3,335 tons, for Buenos Aires.-Wu!ff, Brazilian, schooner, 64 tons, for Itajahy.-Amazone, French, s.s., 2,959 tons, for Bordeaux.-Danube, British, s.s., 3,120 tons, for Southampton.-Gloria, Brazilian, s.s., 253 tons, for Itajahy.-Itapacy, Brazilian, s.s., 603 tons, for Rio de Janeiro.-Orita, British, s.s., 5,823 tons, for Liverpool.-Santa Cruz, Brazilian, s.s., 510 tons, for Penedo.-Sofia Hohenfcerg, Austrian, s.s., 3,521 tons, for Trieste-Saturno, Brazilian, s.s., 515 tons, for Porto Alegre-Celtic Pí-ince, British, s.s., 2,540 tons, for Rio Grande.-Cubatao, Brazilian, s.s., 882 tons, for Pernambuco.-Humocrío, Spanish, barque, 1,111 tons, for Rio Grande,-Santos, Brazilian, schooner, 81 tons, for Rio de Janeiro-Tiiuca, German, s.s., 3,006 tons, for Hamburg-Ravenr-a, Italian, s.s., 2,543 tons, for Genoa.-Niie, British, s.s., 3,135 tons, for Buenos Aires.-Gunther, German, s.s., 1,913 tons, for Rio Grande.

Juenos Aires.

FOREICN VESSELS AFLOATIN RIO DE JANEIRO HARBOUR

r . On April 16th, 1909.b*le of 0' Date oíentry. Steamers. Tons. entry. Sailing Vessels. Tons.

Mar• S.-Gavarone Fratelli .. 1,402 July 14—Albania 1 43824. St Oswald 2,411 Mar. 8.-Villasar 79.?Vnri.t^V1

Y01'k 4'935 10,-Deverett 1957Apnl l.-Card,gan 2,691 l.4.-Bonn JoS2-Lr,tann,a 2,077 20.-Tredale /^í4-yoolwich 1)845 27.-Loreley <£4-Silksworth Hall 3,042 27.-Canara

igf0-âssala 2,498 27.-Hala .'.." '2480-Dalmata i)135 27.—Elfi {'.gjO.-Wenroe lj918 April lO.-Hangosuna .."v: '137

}°Z~lfla 3.552 12.-Canadá 2 137f-Iín;na 2,903 12.-Sandsfoord .... .' 1*088lé.-Arabiana- . i,87i 16.-Conductor ÍS15.-St. Egbert 2,894 10,-Foca .. 7lo.—Niceto 1;795 '

16.—Ras Issa 2'441>Kl.-Torr Head '. 3,'86816.— Kronprincessan

Victoria 2,170

Total—Tons 43,009 ^ + , m Total—Tons 15,903

IN SANTOS HARBOUR.On April I6th, 1909.

Date ofentry. Steamers. Ton8 ^vof 0.„Mar. 26,-Hydra 2 y'

Sailing Veasels. Tons.28.—Thespis

' 97o-,

April 4.—Bonn .... o'ó?o7 vr . £5,969I.—JNeptune ... 9 ir,o

10.—Terence 2,69011.—Portsmouth /07712.—Magdalme ] g6113.—Lewisham '' {y^lõ.-San Nicolas '.['.[ 3)04015.—Pmdias i 7Q,;-. - \- ij 1,100lo.—Voltaire 5499

Total—Tons 29,516

Cey on Precious StonesSavyples and Prieé List on demand to :

J. WICKRA AM11AK «fe Co.

Rough or Polished,supplied direct fromour.Miues.

...-'_, ÊWfMM^&íMíè

' f^^mm"m*mmm* '¦ — » ' "» W* ilj l —- ¦

M«««W««

April 20fh, 1909.] THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW 423CURRENT COFFEE FREIGHT RATES

FOR THE WEEK ENDífD APRIL I7TII, 1909Rioin fullAmsterdam " 40-

Adeu via Trieste 50/ & 0 0/Antwerp 1.000 kilos '."" 40/. & 5

'0/Alexandria*» 64 frcs.'infull,Ancante, 50 frcs. in full.A giors vm Marseilles 63 frc6)> in f uA!m.e.rie-v 50 frcs. i„ full".èPlíflÇ

73.50 frcs. ,n fuiB"»orah 108 frcs. in fnlhSsrr ,a 3õfr<!s-i,,fui1-BilbaoBremenBordeaux, 900 kilos..Bom bay via Trieste..Braíla**Brindisi**Buenos Ayres per haxBeyrouth**Cadiz (Spanisi: liiie).Calcutta via Trieste..Carthagena ...Colombo..Corfu**.,..CuiracheeCoruuna

56.50 frcs. iu full.40 frcs. & 5 °/040 fies. & 10 »y()

60 ki OS,

full.

7o

50/-* 5 °/o71.50 frcs. iu60 frcs. in full,1&00069 frcs. in full,35 frcs. & 105Õ/-& 5 °/050 frcs. in full.50/-&5»/.66.50 frcs. iu full.5»/:«°/o53.50 frcs. iu full.66.50 frcs. in full.Cavalla**

Christiania» .; 52/ in-í.illCopenhagen direct 42'6 & 5 -/tWautii.Ople** 62.50 frcsFtaiiie 40/-&Gaiatz**

full,111« 5 °/0

, . ,. , ., '1.50 in full.Genoa .1.000 kilos 40 frcs & 10 "/Gibraltar via Genoa 66.50 frcs. in fu^J0" 50.50 fresin fullHamburg 40/-5 o'Havre, 900 kilos 40 frcs.' A 10 «,Hongkong via TriesteKobe via Trieste•Lisbon \-t 30/-&50/0Liverpool.. 36/..Afí?/0l ondon 1.000 kilos 40/- & 5

Do (options)MalagaMalta, via Genoa & MarseillesMarseilles 1.000

< Messina **Metelino **

60/- & 5 «/065/-&80/.,

740/- & 5 » !¦ .35 frcs. & 10 "/l62 frcs in full.

kilos 40 frcsA !U "/„ 56 frcs iu full.

71.50 frcs in full;IÍ00Ü64 frcs in full.54 frcs. in full.30,;. & 5 "/030.\ &5 "/066.50 fresin full.62 frcs. in full.60/-A 5 °/0

Montevidéu per bag. uO kilosMostaganení-MarseilieL or (leiioaNaplesNew York, Liners per b«g . ...N. Orleans Liners » .......Odessa ** .-...Orau 'Penang via TriestePalermo ...

'///, 55' frcs. in fui 1.

|atras 66.50 frcs. in fullPiraeus **,.,.... 61.50 frcs. in fullPort Said** 64 frcs infull.Rotterdam 40/. & 5 °/oRangoon via Triesie 55/-<fe 5 °/fSan Francisco 75/-& 5 °/"0Ma êbastian 56.50 frcs. i» fullSantander.. 60.50 frcs. in fullSamsoun** 66.50 frcs in full.Seville;. 50 frea in fullShanghai via Trieste 05/-& 5 °/0Sniyrna** 61.50 rc.s. in fullSoutliamuton 1.000 kiioN 40/- ft-> °/0Suez via Trieste 50/- & i¦ °/0

Do via Genoa or Murstille.s... 64 frcs. in full."Salonka**.. 61.50 frcs in fullSulina ** 69 frcs. in full.Smgapore via Trieste 60, - A 5 °/0Tarauonne 50 frcs. ir. ml!Trebizond ** 60.50 frcs. in fullírie.sfc«; ^/-&õ»/0A»»w" 62 frcs. 111 full.Valencia .. 50 frcs. in full.Val.paraJso(opíion.sJ 47/6 5°/°Vana** 66.5" frcs. ki ' "Ve lice via Triestevigo ;Yokoliaina via Trieste ." ílaniburg...;.

45/- & 5 °/„40/-&5°/o'"'

A 5 "/oiu full.

55/-58/5

Altfoa Rayand

CapetownÍvin!»

»

South África

42/6 & 5 °/0

42/6 & 2 1/2 °/0

42/6 in full.

B fclfH

M OHNfl H«}

New York. ..SoutliaiüptoiiHamburg.. ..Antwerp ....BremenLiverpool ....

via Hamburg 58/6 iu full.» Southampton —» Antwerp or Hre-men 78/6 & 2 1/2 »/0

» Liverpool 73/6 iu full.via New York,.

» Southampton.» 1 laiíibur^....

A ütwerp

ftttMlLondon

»»»

Hlll

»»

70/- & 5 °/0

50/- & 2 1/2 °/t

LiverpoolNew York..Southampton.Hamburg. . ..A niwerp. ..;;BremenLiverpool....

50/- in full.50/- & 5 "/„

50/- &2 1/2

50/- iu full.

Sai, tus35/- & õ «/o

35/- *, 5 •>/„"""64 frcs. in full.50 frcs. in full.63 frcs. iu full.56 frcs. in full.76 1/2 frcs. in full.103 fr«ft. infull.38 frcs. in full.5o fres. in tull.35 & 5 °/035 frcs. & 10 °/050/- 5 °./071.50 frcs. & 10 "/o60 frcs. in full.1S50069 frcs. in full.38 frcs. in fui|.55/- & ò »/050 frcs. in f„||50/- & 5 °/o60 frcs. & J°0 "/50/&5 7o

/053 frcs. in fui!66.Õ0 frcs. iu full.

37/6 & 5 o/|T62.50 'ic-. infull.dós. & O "/()71.50 frcs.'infull.40 frcs. & 10 «•'/'„66.5C frcs. in full. '53 frcs. iu full35 ã 5 "/„35. frcs. & 10 0/ .60/- & 10 7„95/- & :» «'/„

35,- &Õ'V0

38 |Y;js.62 frcs. in full.40 frcs. & 10 ¦:6 fros. iu full71.50 frcs. in fui

Io

64 íYiW. in full.^)4 frcs. in full.30',;. & 5 u/030 i. Ã 5 °/066.50 frcs. iu full.62 frcs. in full.tíO/-&5«/0

66.50 frcs. i 11 full.61. .() frcs. in full.64.00 frcs. iu full.35/- A 5 «/055/- & 5"/0

60 frcs. in full60 frcs. iu full66.50 frcs. in full.50 frcs. iu full.65/- A 5 ü/061.50 frcs. infull.35/- & 5 o/q60 frcs. & IO°/0

61.50 frcs. in full.69 fres. iu full.60/- A 5 °/o50 frcs. iu full.66.nü frcs. in full.35s. & 5 °/0.62 frcs. in full.50 frcs. in full.

66.50 frcs. in full.40/- <fe 5 %38 frcs.55/- <& 5 °/o58/5 in full.

per ton of 1,000kilos

/o

Ourbmi

DelagoaBay

i0a New York ... 50/- & 5» Southampton.\Hainburc; / ,;.._ „ „ . ,Antwerp....! f

4J/6 & 2 '/2 °/.Bremen )Liverpool 42/6 in full.

70/-A 5 "/0

70/-& 2 1/2 "l„

viu New York...» Southainpton» Hamburg....» Antwerp» Bremen» Liverpool 70/- in full.

Via Buenos Aires..» Algoa Bav..» ' ape Town..» Durban» East London.

42/6 in full42/6 infull.42/6 in full.47/6 in full.

»g

West Coast PortsPunta Arenas 05/Curral -'¦'

-.50/Coronel 45,Câldera " ry/mw&i :::::::: meA ntofagasta 5^/(5iquiijue.(' 52/6( o(]uiml)o 52/6ráícâhüáno 4^/caiiao :::."'.."..".."Val|>araiso

•io (option)Puerto MonttCoíièeption

52/645/-17/650/

Tocopi lia f,2/(jSandy Point

' 9,'á'/

in full»»»»»»»»»»»»»

45/ & 5 »/060/ à 5 of60/ & 5 °/°50/ & 5 %o0/ à 5 "/050/ & 5 %50/ & 5 70

-0/Guayaquil %fr &»

& 1 0 u/

' ' — —j^""*^- ¦*» 1 ¦ J^mt^ûcammcma^MKÊmmKSSm^Ê^^BSmmmSÊC

ROYAL H0LLÂND LLOYD(Koninklyke HoIIandsche Lloyd)

Subsidised by the Duích Government.SAILINCS FOR EUROPE:AMSTELLAND Mnv fiHOLEANDIA .".'.".' /í.".".".".".'.'.'.'.'.'.'.' Ma/23

SAILINCS FOR THE RIVER PLATE:HOLLANDIA May 4

July 1ZAANLANDTHE m H.

WILL SAIL ON MAY 6th FORLisbon, Leixões, Vigo, Dunkirk, and Amsterdam.Third Class Fare 85$000Improved Third Class Fars 115$000

Inclucling the Federal Tax.FIRST SAILING OF THE MAGNIFiGENT

T.S.S. HOLLANDIA, with accommodation for passengers of aliclasses, on May 4th, for SANTOS and BUENOS AIRES.

For Freight apply to:Sr. CAMPOS, Rua General Gamara, No. 2, First Floor.

For Passages and other information apply to:FLLI. MARTINELLI & CO., 45, Rua Primeiro de Março, 45.

fiifi J|e»sARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES DURING THE WEEK.

Arrivals.By the s.s. Nile, from. Sonthamptoii, 011 April 13th.—J. )\

Wileman, D. Roberts, W. Wolford, J. Cateysson, D. Rosenfeld,D. Morrison

By tlie s.s. Voltaire, from New York, 011 April 13th.—Gr. M.Norman, CF. Derby, C. Hadden.

By the s.s. Savoia, from Buenos Aires, 011 April 13th.—M. Norton.

By the s.s. Kõnig Friedrich August, from Hamburg, onApril 14th.—R. Vulper, G. R. Jones.

By the s.s. Oriana, from Liverpool, 011 April 14th.—W.Agnew, Mrs. Shackleton and family, M. Spinner, J. Duckworth,Mr. and Mrs. A. Frank, J. Martin.

By the s.s. Danube, from Buenos Aires, 011 April 14th.—Mr. and Mrs. R. Twopemry, W. Bark, P. Grant, F. Broçk,W. N. Williams, Mr. and Mrs. A. Miller.

Departures.By the s.s. Nile, for Buenos Aires, 011 April 13th.—A Parish

and family, C. D. Siminons, J. Wright, G. H. Craig.By the s.s. Danube, for Smitliampton, 011 April 14th.—Mrs.

Dyke, R. Repp, Mr. and Mrs. Stobbs, Mr. and Mrs. J. Smith,S. Midzusliima, L. Laurie, Mr. and Mrs. AV. -A. Thomas, 1.Killish,. J. Baxter, W. Boot, F. Lovett and family.

• By the s.s. Orita, for Liverpool, on April 14-th.—F.Edwards, Dr. F. Hoskin, V. G. C. Bosanquet (H.B.M. Vice-Cônsul), D. Reicli, J. Pritchard, J. Raynor.

424 THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW April 20th, 1909. ]

THE FREIGHT MARKET.

Local Market.—The forward engacemeiits for tho week wereas follows:—

Per

>)

>>>>

Bags of Coffee. 797 250 320 1,050

Bags of Bran.„ Tijuca, for Hamburg 10,000„ Crefeld, for Hamburg 9,000

s.s. Carinthia, for Trieste,, Tijuca, for Hamburg ,, Oriana, for West Coast . .,, Orita, for South África ..

jUbitij Jjtap ié àé^-pmSUNDRY TRAFFIC RETURNS

Milenjje Latest Earnings Reportei! Aggregate to date

1903 !907 MC0®ktlur J907 1900 J907 1906

Braz. Gt .South.../- 10 lio Nov 28:760$ 31:933$ 354:128$ 316:821$

L>ec 43:666$ 35:458$ 397:794$ 382:279$

1:)09 1908 1909 1908Leopoldinaa 1,478 1,460 Apr. 1 Ot li 13,297 18,528! 279,875' 328,274

a Earninga reported in pounds, b in mil reis

Leopoldina Railway.—The traffic returns of tlie Leopoldinafor lhe week ended April lOth shows a decrease of 83:000$,equivalent of £5,231 making the aggregate decrease since Jan.lst, 1909, £48,399.

Coffee carried for the season up to April 16th amountedto 2.572,:-177 bags, of which the Leopoldina carried 1,499,264bags, tlie Central 893,841, whilst 195,606 carne coastwise.

São Paulo Railway Traííic iii Marcíi

UpDownPassengerIiiterstatiou

traíiic Tons.

NuiiihurTons....

igoS igog

75,977 76,40620,981 11,750

133,131 127,18126,847 27.2o01

America Hotel>o --

Telephone-407. Telegrama: " Americatel," Rio.This hotel is fitted up in tho most approved modern styleand is situated in the pleasantest part of the City.

Electric Light and Fans throughout.Evei"y comfort. Excellent cuisine.

Speciall.y arranged for tluing Rio de Janeiro.

ie eonvenience of foreigners visit-

234, %u do Catette, 234

S. MENDES A CO.

Rua do Senado, Nos. 57, 59 and 61. Telephone No. 133.

Branches at:—Rua do Cattete, 269, formerly 213—Telephone 177.Rua Christovão Colombo, 78 a 82, formerly 46.Praça Tiradentes, 53—Telephone, 109.Rua Haddock Lobo, 74—Telephone, 437.Rua Camerino, 82 and 74, formerly 176—Telephone, 527.Rua Senador Euzebio, 192, formerly 176—Telephone 105.Praça Engenho Novo, 26, formerly 18—Telephone, 1,163.Rua Conde de Bomfim, 1,291, formerly 193.Estrada Nova da Tijuca, 45—Alto da Bôa Vista.

Carriages of every description for marriages, christenings,funerais and excursions. Open ali night. The stables at theAlto da Boa Alista are close to the terminal point of the electriccars, and carriages and saddle-horses are available for drivingor riding in the Floresta, at reasonable prices.

Stables:—RUA DO SENADO, 75, formerly 47.

BRAZILIANJXCHANGETHE STUDY OF AN INCON VERTIBLE CURRENCY

By J. P. WILEMAN C. E.

(Editor of the "ISKAXJLIAN ItNVIKlV")PRICE WfOOO

So!<1 at Laemmert, A Co. RIO DE JANEIRO.Effingham Wilson, Royal Exchange, J.ONDON.Ottices of the a Brazilian Review.» Rua Viacon.it- de

ínhaunià No. 82.

THEREZOPOLIS ÍJfllLWJlYExcursion Train Every Sunday to Therezopolis

Depart PraiihaTherezopolis.>»

6.30. A. M.3.00. P. M.

Return tickets available for one day only at redueed rates will be sold inadvance orou the day of tlie excursion.IMPORTANT NOIICE—Tlie nccomodatioti in the train is limited and itwill not take luggage.

FOR INFORMATION-Aply at the Office of Company _ AvenidaCentral Ko. 55, over tlie Royal Mail Office.FOR VISITORS AND OTHERS.

CHRIST OHURCH (Church of England),Close to Municipal Theatre, Avenida Central, Rio de Janeiro.

Services every Sunday at 11 a.m.

ÁGUA MATTONI. SILVA GONÇALVES A CO.P.O. Box: 1,283 11 Rua Municipal 11 Telephone: 1,391.

>c<

IMPRENSA INOLEZA-Wlleman & Co.-BRITISH PRmTIN^WRKS69, Rua Theophilo Ottoni—llio de Janeiro

¦^—g^ww^MH.,,,+Kmmmmwmmmum^———,_—^^ ——

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Wat Inmfómt#•/>\m

SUPPLEMENTVOL. XII RIO DE JANEIRO, TUESDAY, April 2.0th 1909 No 16

EXTRACTS FROM THE

^o:eíss^_c3-i_PRESENTED TO THE MUNICIPAL COUNCIL

BY THE PREFECT OF THE FEDERAL DISTRICT

General F. M. de Souza Aguiar

Grentlemen:—

In accordance with the dispositions of Par. 1, Art 27 cfDecree No. 5,160, of March Sth, 1904, which Consolidated 'the

•tederal Laws regulatmg the Municipality of the Federal Bi-tiict Iappear before -'you to-day, as is my duty, to lay beforeyou the report of eyerything that has taken place since thebession of September last, to submit to your enlightened jud"--ment the movement in the various departments of the Prefec-ture and to suggest to you such mèasures as seem to me ad-visable. ,ft*Before, however, furnishing you with such information as ismdispensable for you in the execution of your legislativo duties,it is incumbent on me to tender you my greetings, and to ex-

press my sincere hope that the labours which you enter on to-day for the development of the Federal District and for thesafeguarding of its vital interests may be crowned with success.

National Exhibition.

In my message of September lst last I congratulated my-self and you on the inauguration of the National Exhibitionof 1908 as being a proof of the great development of agricul-ture, industry, and art throughout the country, and of thevast resources which it possesses as a means to still greatprogress. To-day once more I congratulate myself and you onthe brilliant success of that Exhibition, which was closed onNovember 15th (the anniversary of the declaration of the Re-public), and which was a glorious achievement for the country,and the wonder of civilised nations who saw with amazementthe progress and vast resources of the various States whichtook part in it.

It would be superflíious to remind you of the brilliant partwhich the Federal District played in the Exhibition, as I havoalready referred to this in my Message of September lst last.

Prizes Awarded to the Federai District.In the section devoted to " Variotfs Industries " our Ex-

hibiters were awarded 164 Grands Prix, 204 Gold, 86 Silver,and 41 Bronze Medals. In the Agricultural Section they ob-tained 19 Grands Prix, 20 Gold, and 8 Silver medals. In theArt Section they gained, but have still to receive, 89 GrandsPrix, 119 Gold, 75 Silver, and 43 Bronze Medals. We wererepresented by .137 competitors in the Agricultural Section,by 532 in the Industrial Section, by 936 in the Liberal ArtsSection, and by 50 in the Dairy and Cattle-breeding Section.

It is a great satisf action to me to be able to tell you thatconditions in the Federal District are continually improvingfrom year to year; the City is gròwing,. its industries are.de-veioping, and our progress is a source of wonder to the dis-tmguished men who visit us.

Distinguished Visítors.Ferri, Richet, Charcot, and others, scientists of a world-

wide reputation, representatives of foreign municipalities whohave in a spirit of fraternity honoured us with their visits,have, one and ali, returned to their countries enchanted withthe natural beauties of the City, and greatly impressed bv, itsprogress and by the improvements, which, as you know, weremade in so short a space of time.

Revenue and Expenditure.

The Avealth and resources of the District as a natural andlogical result aie increasing. Thus, Revenue actually collected

during the first half of 1908 was greater than that collectedduring the same period of 1907, as I already informed you inmy Message of September lst last, when I showed you thatRevenue collected during that period of 1908 exceeded that forthe same period of 1907 by Rs. 554:516$715, a fact which youwill see more clearly from the tables supplied by the MunicipalTreasury.Revenue for 1908 was estimated at 24.824:367$520, thesame as for ]907, for, as you are aware, the Estimates of Law1,063, of December 30th, 1905, were once more extended to the

fiscal year of 1908. Actual Revenue collected in 1908, how-ever, amounted to 27.769:740$422, or 2.945:372$902 in excessof estimates.

Expenditure for 1908 was estimated at 24.670:988$293,whilst actual expenditure amounted to 33.630:829$987. Thisincrease was justified by the opening of credits to the amountof 10.560:944$139 to defray the expenditure contingent >mworks which could not be postponed, on works actually in hand,and on works undertaken after the promulgation of Law No.1,063, of December 30th, 1905 (which Law has been extended,and at the present moment regulates the Municipal Budget),and not provided for therein.

Revenue Proper.

Revenue proper amounted, as I have said, to 27.769:740$422which with 11.363:195$ arising from credit operations inakes atotal Revenue of 39.132:935$422, a balance being carried for-Avard to 1909 of 229:363$240, including that brought forwardfrom 1907, which amounted to 28.347$275.

The house tax (imposto predial) gave 12.815:041$410 in1908, or 862:331 $333 more than in 1907, when it gave11.952:660$077. ;.

The licensing tax gave 3.045:410$078, as against2.941:204$472 in 1907, an increase of 104:205$606. In thereport of the Director General of the Treasury you will findfull information with regard to the Debt of the Municipality,which is divided into Foreign Funded, Internai Funded, andFloating Debt. These amounted at the end of 1908 to22.400:016$812, including 33:372$408 dependent on credit.

The £2,000,000 Loan.

AVe now come to the recent foreign issue made by thePrefecture, the brilliant success of which exceeded ali expecta-tions, and aíforded an eloquent proof of the good name whichthe Administration of the Federal District has always so happilyenjoyed, owing to loyalty with which it has always fulfilled itspromises and responsibilities.

I congratulated myself, you, gentlemen, and the whole '..i.the Federal District, Avhich you so worthily represént, on yourhaving voted Municipal Law No. 1,249, of January 29th of thisyear, to permit of the execution of Art. 20 of Federal LawNo. 2,050, of December 31st, 1908, without putting any diffi-culties in the way of the Prefecture. By that vote you au-thorised the Prefect to contract abroad a loan of £2,000,000,carrying the Federal guarantee, on the security of the revenueaccruing from the Licensing Tax created by Decree No. 104,of August 21st, 1894. This loan was needed not only for theliquidation of the large floating debt left by my predecessor,but also for the completion and commencement of further in-dispensable work and improvements in the Federal District, asI have explained in detail to this Council in previous messagesand at the special session when Law No. 1,249 was passed.

Negotiations for the loan were entered into with the careand caution needed in such operations, and it was finally

m

arranged with Messrs. Séhgman Brothers, of London, the nettype being 87 per cent. and the price of issuo 92 per cent., orfive points higher. The loan was covered many times over,and the bonds were quoted at _3_ per cent. premium beforethey were actually issued. At 157/3,d. tlie net product of theloan was 27 439:835.$728, as stipuíated in Decree No. 720, ofFebruary 6th, 1909, which" I dospatched. The loan was con-sidéred a first-rste one in financiai and commercial circles, andindeed superior to any other loan liitherto issued by the Vre-fecture and to many others issued by the States, with theFederal guarantee. This is proved by data suppliffi by TheBrazilian Year Book and The Brazilian Feriar, which in aspirit of patriotism was published by O Faiz in its issue of Feb.1. last. Thus: the issue price of the £502,500 loan of 1904 was$7A; that of the £4,000,000 loan of 1904 was 85 to 87%, whilstthis new loan was issued at 92. The net price of the 1904 loancontracted by my predecessor was only 80%, whilst that of thislatest issue was 87, as I have already .stated.

I venturo to hope that the execution of Law No. 1.249, fJanuary 29th, 1909. will prove satisfactory to you, and to alithose who desire and are working for tlie development and prós-perity of the Federal District.

TrGasury Department.

From tho tables and diagrams drnwu up by the Director ofthe Municipal Treásury you will see how extensivo the move-ment of the Department and how onerous its duties are, andyou will thus be better able to judee of the necessity of its re-form oi' complete reorganisation. The last reorganisation wasin 1902, when the movement was very much less extensivo thanit is to-day. I trust that you will consider tlie question of thisreorganisation, and also that of the reform of our system ofprimary and technical education, which must be undertakenwithout delay.

Education.

Under this heading vou will find lower down the report <íthe Director, tha work of whose department was performed withtho utmost regularity during the voar, and vou will see that therefortns and improvements asked for by him are absolutelyjustifiable.

Works Department.

I also venturo to hope that you will pass the Bill for thereorganisation of this department, which is aAvaiting your at-tention. This department, as you will see from the report an-nexed to this mossage, has a vast amount to do in the matter ofpaving, repairing, and upkeep of old paving, building, rebuild-ing, upkeep of roads, fiscalisation of machinery, vebicles, electri-city, etc.

From the information supplied to you in various tables anddiagrams drawn up bv it you will be better able to iudgo of thenecessity of reorganising the department on account of the lackof ar. adequate stafF, aud of the great expansion of its opera-tiorn^ which is proved by tho fact that its Revenue reached1.995:533$473, or almost two thousand contos de reis.

The Prefectural Palace.

In a previous message I informed vou that tho work onthe Prefectural Palace was completed, and that the Treásuryand Education Departments had been installed in now quarterswhich aro roomy, airv and light, which is a great boon bothfor them and foi- the public. Now we have further installed the.1 refecfs private office and the Directorate Cíeneral of PublicWorks, whiist other departments will shortly bo housed in thenew v ing.

The Municipal Theatre.

The Municipal Theatre, as I show later ou in a special re-port, will b, finished by the Ist of June next, and should be in-augurated cruring the next theatre season. As T carefullv expiam in that report l deemed it inexpedient to put into'forceLaw No. 1,16, of January 13th, 1908, in view of the unsatis-factory condition of municipal finances.I preferred to let the theatre provisionally to Sr. FranciscoJosé de Mesquita, one of the tenderers for the lease, whorwiththe subsidy from the Prefecture provided for in Law No 1 167offered to take it over anel work it temporarily, and further tomaiigurate it during tho next theatre season at an amm,l.•out of 60:000*000 with exemptiou from theatre taxes",,d Ímother st.pulations as provided in the contract which I sioned onFebruary 22nd last, and in which I did ali in my power to safeguard the interests of the Municipality.I would have you vote, amongst other reasons given lateron wh.ch inducc,l mo to take this step, the important fact thatthe said Law No. 1,1(57, of 1908, permits the Prefect to iu

"ewhether or not it should be put into execution, and aíows ofor i2o'oS° C««eatr6 withT0r Jrithont a" " **oi 1.0.000$. Iuirthermore, as I point out further on thi-. ;Ían experiment which should be useful, as it will enable'us Ktéíon to decide what shall be done with the theatre the MüdWof wh.eh has cost the Municipality such vast sums of Lou

*

PoEica,. Health, Scavenging, etc.

The Departments of Administrativo Police Archives andStatistics, Public Health and Ambulances, and their subsidiarysections, tho Probate Office, the Library, the Department ofWoods, Gardens, Arborisatiou, Hunting and Fishing, and theScavenging Department during the past year ali satisfactorilyperformed their manifold and varied duties.

A portion of this Message is devoted to each of them,whero you will find such information as you may need to decidewhether or not you will adopt the suggested improvements,works, reorganisation of the staíf and material, sanetion de-cr.ees for the taking of certain measures, and provide for theexecution of various serviços, which I will not refer to in de-tail as you will find them enumerated further on, and as theyhavo already been laid before you in previous messageS. I willtherefore, only mention the following:—(a) The fusion of theLibrary and the Archive 'Department, to-day a part of theDirectorate of Administra tive Police, and of the Archive andStatistical Departments in order to establish a special sectionwhich will be of great advantage to the Administration, andwhere the numerous important documents relating to thehistory of the Federal District can be fíled; (b) the fusion of thelaw regulating fishing and hunting; (c) the amplification of thelaw regulating the cutting down of forests and the establish-ment of fines to be levied on lessees of forests for any infractionof the said law; (d) tlie passing of a law which will give greaterguarantees for the propor inspection of milk, and the regula-tion of its sale.

The Attos*ney's Department, etc.

The work done by the Attorncy's Department and by ourofficial legal adviser has been of great assistance to me.

Ambulance Department.

It is with the greatest satisfaction that I calí yòür atten-tion to the fact that the Ambulance Department which rendersfirst aid in the public streets and in private houses, continuesto woi'k with the greatest regularity, and fully deserves theconstant eiiconiuns bestowed on it by the public and by thePress. The Medicai and Ambulance Station established at theExhibition rendered such important services that it was con-gratulated by the Minister of Public Works in a despatchwhich is now filed at the heaclquarters of the Public Health andAmbulance Department.

An Ambulance Congress met during the Exhibition in thePaviíion of the Federal District, and during its sèsãíon ím-portant debates took place, which, it is to be hoped, will havemost beneficiai results for the District,. and will lead to greatimprovements in the Ambulance Department,

Frésh Meat.. The Supreme Federal Court in a final and definite sentehce

decidecl the question regarding the fresh meat j)rovided for tlieconsumption of the Capital, suppíied by slaughterhousés otrierthan those holding a Municipal license or the slaughterhouseof Santa. Cruz. The sentence laid down that cattle for con-sumption in the Capital shall only bo slaughtered in suchattattoirs as hoid a municipal license, and confirmed the rightof the Municipal authorities of the Federal District to prohib>tand prevent the entry of meat from slaughterhousés such asMaruhy and Cachoeira, against whom the plea was directed,and who by repeated evasions of the sentences of the SupremeCourt have wasted so much time. Further on you will findmore details.

Execution of Law No. 1,210, of August 19th, 1908.Further on you. will find the list of creditors who were paid

according to arrangement, in virtue of the authorisationgranted to me by Law No. 1,210, of August 19th, 1908, for theexecution of which I promulgated Decree No. 719, of February16th of the current year. For the payment of capital, interestand costs to the said creditors, who appeared and agreed to thearrangement we issued 20,000 Municipal bonds of a nominalvalue of 200$000 each bearing 5 per cent. per anuíra, the saidbonds being received by the creditors at par. .........

Municipal Analytical Laboratory.Tho places of principal, chemists ar.d assistants in the La-

boratory were filled after a competitive examination, regulatiousfoi which were issued in Decree No. 709, of October lõth, 1908.Several appointments were also made in the bacteriological andmicroscopical sections. : •....: ¦

The fact that the Laboratory is so split up and housed inso many and so scattered premises without the necessary andadequate accommcdation is a source pf anxiety to the Director,who asks that an adequate building shall be provided.

Workmen's Houses,It is a pleasure to me to inform you that the workmen's

houses erected in the Avenida Salvador de Sá are now beingoecupied. Those in tho Becco cio Rio are being completed by theAdministration since the original contract has been amicablytcrminatecl. Under the headings of "Real Estate " and" Works " you will find fuller information with regard to thesehouses. .

__¦_________________¦__¦

.".,).,,.!-ETI-Í5 . ;m. ,¦T~--r:7,7

———¦¦a ____

April 20th, 1909.] THE BRAZILIÃN REVIEW

Municipal Guard.

_ In this, as in previous messages, I feel it incumbent on meto msist on the estaohsbment of an Inspector's Department "nthe Municipal Guard, a bill to which eífect has already beenlaid before you and still is awaiting your consideration.

SJaughterhouses and the Public Food Süpply.Finally, I must inform you that so far no final decision nasbeen given m the case regarding the model slaughterhouse, andtho fresh meat contract originally entered into with M. Gomesde Oliveira Though several sentences have been given niavour of the Municipality they have nevertheless hamperedits action in yanous ways, a result which is unsatisfactorv, since*it prevents the Acümnistration from tackling the great problemoi the public food süpply and of solving it in the general interestof thia, the most important capital in South America and the

greatest commercial depot in the Braziliãn Republic.Such then is the informatiòn which I feel it my duty to laybefore you. I am, however, reacly to furnish you with anyfurther details you may require, and to co-operate as liar-

moniously ás possible with you in the interests of the Districtwhich I administer.

Finance.

Revenue for 190S was estimated at 24.824:3673520 in viewof the fact that the Budget Law of 1906 was once more retainedin force. /

Actual Revenue collected amounted to 27.769:7403422 ir2.945:3723902 more than was estimated. Total Revenue, in-cluding operations of credit amounting to 11.363 :195$000,reached 39.132:935$422.

Expenditure was estimated at 24.670:9883293, but it actu-ally amounted to 33.630:8293987 or 8.959:8413694 more. Thisíextra expenditure was met by the opening of credits to defraythe cost of services already in existence, and of those newservices created since Law No. 1,060, of 30th December, 1905,

vvas passed which had- not provided for the same. If to theabove figure is added 5.301:089$470, on account of operationsof credit, total expenditure amounted to 38.931:9193457. Com-paring Revenue and Expenditure we have a balance carried for-ward to 1909 of 229:3633240 including 28:3473275 brought for-ward from 1907.

The annexed tables, which give details of Revenue and Ex-penditure, make a comparison between 1908 and 1907 easy.

Revenue, generally, showed a remarkable increase, the itemsshowing the greatest expansion being the House Tax, whichincreased by 862:3813333, and reached 12.815:0413410, asagainst 11.952:6603077 in 1907 and the Licensing Tax, whichincreased by 104:2053606 and reached a total of 3.045:4103078as against 2.941:2043472 in 1907.

These figures prove that the value of Real Estate and thegeneral trade and industrial wealth of the City are increasing,a fact which guarantees the present and oífers great hopes forthe future.

The £4,000*000 Loan.

Revenue on this account amounted to 1.323:4063239, in-eecluding 142:2343031 brought forward from 1907, whilst Expen-diture amounted to 1.054:9813003, a sum of 268:4253236 beingcarried forward to 1909.

The 30.000:000$000 Loan.

During the year 116 warrants were converted into shares,representing 14,248 apólices.

Deposits.

Deposits amounted to 1.008:4633299, and with 1.843:6553027brought forward from 1908, reached a total of 2.852:1183326.A sum of 1.088:6163473 was withdrawn and 1.763:5013853carried forward to 1909.

Liabilities.

Municipal liabilities are as follows:—(a) Foreign Funded Debt.(b) Internai Funded Debt.(c) Floating Debt.

Foreign Debt.—In accordance with the contract signed onOctober 22nd, 1889 with Messrs. Morton, Rose and Co., ofLondon, now sueceeded by Messrs. Chaplin, Mime, Grenfell andCo., the Prefecture remitted in June, 1908, £16,875, equivalentat 15'Aod. to 268:8793670, and in December, £11,250, equivalentat 15-V^d. to 179:6703580 for the service of this loan. Theoriginal capital of the loan, which ívas £562,500, interest atthe rate of 4 per cent, and cumulative amortisation at 1 percent.. per annum, is now reduced by £155,560 13s. 4d. to£406,849 6s. 8d., equivalent at 15d. to 6.509:5893330.

ilditinn^ ã í

'T LOa"-.-This loan, made on the best con-d tions foi the Municipality, with the Federal guarantee, and?Seli nn-ín R, ti

° hTT^ *"' ^ ^gotiated with Messrs.S 09

BTrotllcrs> of London, at 87 net, the price of issue1909 t?2' „ +

aCC1°11ancG ZÚh I)ecreo 720> of February 16th,

)nr ihl Fr,°ÍUCt "T. 27-439 =8353728, which will be utilisedfoi the consolidation of the floating debt, no small item, andfoi the conclusion of cortam works and the undertaking of im-

mZZt* needed m the District' ftB * have explained in several

bondl"?nTai' D?bt. 'SSl!e °f AP°Hces--In 1896, 125,000 gold

llÉ?^ on a 110mmal1 Vahle of 200$000 each -mterest

iM ooò oooT+ iwere 3S!ued1' í he capital of the loan amountsyo .-o.uuu.UOO^ to be amortised by 1916 In 1900 ^0 nnn o-nlrlbonds of 200*000 each, interest

76 pe,5\ent. type 7 repS

tiAmTitV^T'-000® WOT6 ^^/also io be amor-!ri 1 T . í CS6 two lssues> there are only 65>904 bondsstui outstanding, of a nominal value of 13.180:0003000.

In 1914 200,000 apólices of the nominal value of £20 eachoaprtal £4,000,000, interest 5 per cent., type 85, amortisSeã QVrannVer6 í?l

°f ,this loan tllere is stin outs-anding£3 913,800 or 1 5 690 apólices, since 1,000 were redeemed mOctober 190o, 1,050 m October 1906, 1,102 in 1907 and 1,158m 1908, as stipulated m the despatch of August 3rd, 1904.

In 1906 150,000 apólices of a nominal value of 200S000each, capital 30.000:000$, type 95 per cent., mterest 6 per cent ,amortisable by 1954, were issued. Of this loan only 22,283apólices were subscribed for, whilst 79,195 were given for vari-TtÍ^T1*8' makmg tlle total number of apólices in circulation/9,19o, of a normal value of 15.839:0003.

To sum up we have the following:—Foreign Loan (Morton, Rose and Co".), at 15d.exchange .. 6.509:589$330Issues of 1896 and 1900 13 180 -800$000Loan of £4,000,000 at 15d. exchange ......' 62 620^800 $000Loan of 30.000:0003 15.839':000$000

Total 98.150:189$330

Tlie £2,000,000 loan is not included in this calculation, asdetails are not yet ali to hand, and as it is to be employed"for the consolidation of the floating debt, which is as follows:—bundry contracts on guarantee of 69,015apólices of the 1906 loan 12.990:000$000Bank of Brazil (advances) 6.000:000$000Material, Avorks, etc 1.894:969$707Rents ... 20:015$965

balaries uo School Inspectors 9:267$500Amount due to Deposits account 1.292:391$192Amount dependeiit on Credits 33:372$448

22.240:0163812

Accoünts in 1908, which were passed but not paid, owingto 110 application having been made, and which form the Liabili-ties, properly speaking, of 1909, amounted to 547:0663708,and with the amounts dependent 011 credits above mentioned of33:3723448 to 580:4393156.

Credits Opened in 1908.

Credits opened amounted to 9.893:6343194, including thosevoted for the National Exhibition, and with those authorisedin special laws for " Material " and " Staff " amounting to667:3093945 to 10.760:9443139.

Representation and Costs.

Amounts deposited in. this account for the costs of theMunicipal Treasury Adviser reached 33:1163470.

Collection of Outstanding Debts.

Amounts collected by the Treasury totalled 781:1123097, ofwhich 619:6513828 on account of the" house tax, 24:892$000 naccount of fines for infraction of contracts, 27:2393801 on ac-count of the Sanitary tax and 109:3283468 on Sundry accoünts.

Municipal Insurance Annuity Institution.

This Institution, which was established after the declara-tion of the Republic, has developed enormously and offers aprosperous future to its members, thanks mainly to beneficiaireforms and to the establishment of a loan department formunicipal employees. This development is due to the efforts "fits directors, who have been untiring in their zeal.

The fund amounts to 2.566:8063103, of which 1.216:6003in apólices and 1.350:2063103 in the loan department. Pen-sions paid in 1908 amounted to 496:5333923, or 51:5363993 morethan in 1907. Revenue amounted to 4.430:8833983, and with30:2053529 brought forward from 1907, to 4.461:0893512. Ex-penditure was 4.394:2423411, owing to the large movement,and 66:8473098 was carried forward to 1909.

y

í?"

;Í

THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW [April 20th, 1909.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE REALISED FOR THE YEARS

1907.Valuation of real estale 75:383$000Surveyíng 19 :'644$845Building Liôences 317:574$000Property transfer licenses 26:470$000Kiosk licenses 30:000$00ORegistration of Weights and Measures 502:G90$200Rènts 567:9G3$3llCollection of outstanding debts 241:2G0$884Collection of judicial debts 870:208$983Tramway annuities 339:27G$000Paving annuities 194:864$889Leases 17:3S2$000Certiíicates of Registration tax 38:242$800Eventual C95:036$784Emoluments 710:742$743Numbering of houses 7106000Certiíicates Dues on sesmaria lands 30:215$575Dues on swamp lands 1:86S$089Dues on foresliorc lands 7:007$857Dues on foreshore extensions 1:272$6J7School Fund 81 j^OffíOOORegistration dues 306:qsç)%míE°use tilx 11.952:6G0$077Export tax 422:475$400£and tax , 11:197$426

I ax on Salaries 189 :í)r}9$210Venicle tax 455:9S2$000I ax on Advertisements, posters, etc . s7-qi<->«;nnn

Tax. on alcoholic beverages 89:052$525Cattle tax 1#029 :ei4,$000Licensing tax 2.941:204$472Tax on launc her-, boats, etc 88:164$000Weighmg of ditto 28:254$000Costers licenses 43:052$543Dog hcenses 5:882$000lax on goods sold on tlie Bay

S1 t;ix1. ..::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 52:«>7o$oooHawkes licenses 368:706$000Investiture tax ir-f7n<i;7nnInterest on apólices ..'.....'.'..'.'.'.'.'''.'.\'.'.'.'.'.\ 2:292S652Transfer of sesmaria land

c/.ínwMTransfer of swamp land

SSníSSTransfer of foreshore land

o .'tòQtorh

Anti-Tuberculosis League ...\\\.\.\\\\\\\\\'.'.'.'.\ 20-835S0MFines for infraction of contracts

"" 2-400*000Fines for infraction of forests and maritime regulations ••¦••••.. ''oninnnFines for infraction of Art, 34, of Decree 432

ir,.o™ioFine for infraction of statutes Í° '.oislnnnFim* for failure to transfer or register land

19?'.707«to«Fines for failure to obtain licenses for launches and boats

'mnnnNumbering of vehicles ., iai

SSNumbering of hawkers ^ JSÍ5SPremium of 3% on deposits in the Municipal Treasury '"" •••••"• iSííK

Sale of Municipal Properties ,' ^«iSrffi•Tax on bills and ad vertisements in tram-cars " 1 Sn!!Tax on bills and advertisements in steamers

" " " 1 ' ""|°™Receipt tax 30íp000Reimbursements .........[ ['.].'. [[ ['.'.['.'/.'.'. 109 :.072.$OPORevenue from the Slaughterhouse '.'.'.'". *£S$?£?Revenue to be cancelled 090:823*941Revision of house numbers ............." 8G :352,<Í!4G7Revenue from Asylums _Revenue from Gardens ].80$000Revenue from Markets ....*..'.'! 10:243*500Revenue from Surveyin» 30° :OOO$O°0Sanitarv tax

* ° ¦¦••¦••••• 71:303$000

Municipal Theatre '".'.' l.G29:068$051

Transfers of commercial firms 12S :(i'4$762Transfers of premises .....'..'.'.'.'.'.'. 77:378$000Bond 1 —Bonds 011 Sesmaria laneis 6:450$000Bonds on swamp lands 11:850$000Bonds on foreshore lands 6:320$000Bonds on foreshore extensions

•••••• 1:773$050Weighing of vehicles ..

•••••....... 190$104

Analytical Laboratory tax .'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'!!.'.'.'.' 58:892$000

Revenues proper Credit operations .

" 27.215:223$707'¦"""¦""" 10.19G

:513$000Total

37.411:736$707

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR THE

1-2_3-4-5-6-7—8-9-

10-11-12-13-14-15-10-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24-25-20-27-28-29-30-31-32-33-34-35-36-37-

¦Municipal Council Estimated 1908.Secretary's Department 146:400$000¦Prefect 242:500$000•PrefecVs Office ........ 7............."'. 54:000$000-Administrative Police, etc ••• 48:G0O$O00-District Agencies .'

••••.•••. 273:200$000-Cemeteries .'..'.'.' 1.320:310$000-Treasury 101:800$000-Real Estate Office .. S01:600$000•Education Department 124:200$000-Primary School '.' 235:100$000-Normal School "" 3.072: §00 .$000-College of Preccptors """ 290:733$333-Technical School—Males 8S:400$000-Technical School—Females 467:000$000-Municipal Library [[[[ 332:960$000-Health and Ambulance Department 54:000$000-Sanitary Police ' \[ 211:610$000-S. Francisco de Assis Asylum 367:200$000-Casa de S. José 159:020$000-Inspection of cows, dairies and milk 204:040$000-The- Morgue 19:800$000-Vaccination Department 12 :600$000-S. Diogo Meat Depôt 67:200$000-Slaughterhouse [[]'[ 21:600$000-Scavenging Department 535:180$000-Public Works 3.320:60Ò$000-Surveying 662:385$000-Forests, Gardens, Fish and Game Department 250:000$000-Litigation 589:210$000-Supernumerary Staff

'" 108:600$000-Pensions '" '

"• 193:533$330-Official Insurance annuities G30:000$000-Maintenance of suburban roads, etc 130:000$000-Paving, new works, Municipal properties,' etc "

400:000$000-Improvements and sanitation in the City

••••••• 3 400:000«;ooo-Re-paving for private account —"""••' 100:000$000

1908.4G:174$80019:857$165

266:877$66024:030$00030:000$000

558:263$100130:300$795458:306$410

1.025 :G62$101GG6:558$25095:698$3G614:649$40033:437$100

338:267$214G52:918$471

2:909$8922$600

29:770S8142:493$9968:491$439G :274$353

47:065$970240:609$205

12.815 :041$410180:886$0ÒÒ21:610$244

196 :523$139454:336$00088:294.$000

127:159$2941.124:316$0003.045:410$078

86 :350fji00025:192$00026:780$000

5 :985$70090$000

88:416$000333:476$00045:108$3007:5S9$000

215:772$08815 :832$45011:201$20021:228.$000

2 :040.$000300$000

78:699$660154 :G85$00074:998$5751:942$000

96:391$00064:726$7001:099$968

10:000$000

17$000109:003$600503:105$515636:753$973

59:424$360256:434$362

205$000

75 :649$4001.722 :825.1568o

122:890$07061:581$30013:575$000

5:730$0009:147$0004 :526$0001:836$0001:234$255

63:563$000531$000

27.769:74ú$42211.363:195$000

1907 ANDIncrease in

1908.

212$320

56:172$900

217:105$526155:453$ 118347 :282$250

1908.Decrease in

1908.29:208$200

50:696$3402:440$000

437:662$516

1:199$8922$600

625$9071:483$5825:001$736

15:245$970

862:381$333

10:412$8186:572$929

979$00037:20G$76994:702$000

104:205$606

103$70090$000

35:446$000

28:437$'6005:296,$348

1:392$1407:507$250

393$000

280$00063:363$641

982$000

531$600501:32Ò$695

256:434$362

4:34G$40093:757$629

13:575$000280$000

62$9501:044$1514:671$000

531$000

2.937:092$7221.166:682$000

YEARS 1907Actual

Expenditure.1907.

191:813$720283:796$10754:000$00031:980$426

311:877$7451.102:714$083

94:639$480793:907$213102:971$374220:760$182

3.309:916$084266 :448$915

84:341$862389:729$557121:042$31957:579$982

104:326$516363:1S2$604137 :98g$268141:915$493

19:580$555U:138$57l64:342$26420:974$460

535 :813$6563.322 :332$698

622:848$ 121â4l:181$256591:401$107154:497$908205:937$466781:699$716122:829$G00376:007$246

8.039:414$9601.502:662$656

173:635$771

AND 1908.Actual

Expenditure.1908.

272:250$620250:248$48754:000$00036:871$184

281:764$0441.119:19S$479

96:992$598825:162$580109:113$393235:900$876

3.747:385$950255:493$082

84:740$467445:332$013134:450$54453:904$724

284:584$070362:047$393177:880$789168:979$315

19:495$65211:215$67058 :C88$47520:717$115

546:263$9283.357:277$076

G49:885$936244:736$497628:824$475188:343$333243:124$592851:345$596110:694$100516:819$108

7.971:963$302

231:990$097

99:166$5232:732$6004:805$700

356:769$57057:824$272

444$761

66:380$639

241:589$400

1:646$000

1:814$0003:062$000

16:272$543

35:230$000

29:330$595

360$000

17:233$00047:798$953

45:256$0005:752$700

884$728403:807$000

1:100$00013$000

60:069$96826:928$107

180$00010:038$500

300:000$000

5:784$69215:796$700

2:703$0001:794$000

2.382:576$007

39.132:935$422 4.103:774$722 2.382:576$007

Creditsopened.

118:320$00021:400$000

19:800$000

6:045$333780:238$705

4:800$000

89:000$000

4:640$000

26:000$00060:000$000

55 :000$00080:000$00062:866$6807:344$563

5.702:669$211

100:000$000^^*mmlm^m'^^*^mmm—*mimMimw -«gy^w—i^n^^—^m ^_

¦;'*

a

April 20th, 1909. THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW¦ ^^trTv^rã:.iGon:nador and Pat,ueu ZZZZ

40—Service of foreign debt ' 19:114$800

41—Service of internai debt, .......' 426:093$75042—Execution of Law No. 611, of November 3rd 1898 4 ,m :»°0-$00043—Outstanding liabilities ' 5:00Ó$00Ò44—Eventual "' 500:000$00045—Expenditure to be cancelíed •••••• 200:000$00046—Credit operations .................. T47—Subvention to Municipal Benevolent Fund ~48—Subvention to Children's Hospital 12 :M?00049-Subvention to Sister Paula (District visitor) 6 :m$m50-Subvention to the Free School in the Rua Bambina Z.ZZ. *f

'SSSí51-Subvention to t he Brotherhood of the Candelária

£ ffigg52-Subvention to the Anti-tuberculosis League 12:000íi>000

53-Subvention as per Decree 525, of May 21st, 1905 "ZZ'.'.'.'.ZZZ. Zfí.ô«nQn

54—Subvention to Rowing Clubs 14° :0£)8$08055—Subvention to the Zoological Gardens"

12:000$00012:000$000

Total 24.670:988$293

**»-i—|» i. li.» ¦ > ».|«<—Û««>M^ —*"„

7219

4565.093

1.317329

645.287

126

126

12

000$000: 114,1)800:040$200:177$4S0845$000

:096$916:823$679:Õ03$571:431í}i450:000$000:000$000:000$000:000$000:000$000

79:485$7449:000$000

58:200$00018:795$304

448:561$4505.145:870ft>598

1.505:145 $9831.670:73l$4S6

76:839$6005.301:089$470

12:000$0006 :000$000

12:000$0006 :000$000

12:000$000

12:000$000

26:686$450800:000$00()

1/520:433$2001.075 :099$997

*

Public Works.

37.725:248$841 38.931:919$457 10.560:944$139

Pavmg.--The development resulting from the transforma-tion oi the City has necessitated the constant improvement ofthe paving It is not sufficient to lay good paving in the streetsm the central district alone, but we must also link up the Cityand the suburbs with well-paved roads. This is a problem, thesolution of which will necessitate considerable outlay, but 1hope shortly, nevertheless, to solve it.The following public thoroughfares were paved during 1908with asphalt :-Ruas Paysandu, 13 de Maio, Avenida Mem ileba, Praça 15 de Novembro, Rua S. José, Praça da Gloria,Avenida Gomes Freire, Praça dos Governadores, Ruas do Nun-cio (between the Ruas São Pedro and General Câmara), SãoPedro and General Câmara (between the Rua do Núncio andthe Praça da Republica), Clapp, Assembléa (between theNational Congress and the Telegraph Office) and Guanabara.With parallelepipedons: Streets in the Larangeiras Districtstreets round the New Market, Praia do Russell, Rua do RosoIrayessa dos Tamoyos, Ruas Senador Correia, Senador Euzebio

(between the Praça 11 de Junho and the Ponte dos Marin-heiros), D. Elisa, Estacio de Sá (in the angle formed by theRuas Frei Caneca and Nery Pinheiro), Nova Guanabara,Rosário (between the Market and the Custom House), SoaresCabral and the Praia do Flamengo (between the Ruas SilveiraMartins and Buarque de Macedo).

iL A contràct has already been signed for the preparation ofthe beds of the Ruas Haddock Lobo and Machado Coelho andthe Largo Estacio de Sá for asphalt paving, whilst the follow-mg streets will be paved with the parallelepipedons being re-moved therefrom, viz.: Ruas Hippodromo Nacional, Nery Pin-heiro, Amoroso Lima, Visconde de Despiat and Pereira FrancoThe paving of the Praça 7 de Março in Villa Izabel with

parallelepipedons has now been begun, and is being pushed onrapidly.

^ Owing to their shocking condition, during the year the' Phoemx " paving squares in the following streets had to be ie-placed in certain spots:—Ruas Uruguayana, Assembléa, Sena-dor Vergueiro, Larangeiras, Gloria, Lapa, Treze de Maio, Con-stituicão, Carioca, Cattete and Passeio, Praças Tiradentes,Gloria and José de Alencar, Praia da Lapa, Largos da Lapa,Machado and Gloria and Becco dos Campos dos Frades. Theactual área thus renewed was 20,196 m. 227.

Maintenance and Re-laylng.—The maintenance of the pav-mg of the City is still undertaken by the Administration andthe work is done by gangs distributed through the variousdistriets according to the needs of the work.

The Cost of maintenance during 1908 was 1.011:529$382, ofwhich 803:691$848 for personnel and 207:837$534 for material.

The re-laying of pavements taken up for drainage and otherworks is still done by the Prefecture on the responsibility ofthe Ihspector-General of Public Works and of the City Im-provements and Gas Companies respectively.

Work done for the Inspector-General of Public Works cost114:922$573, and on the first half-year there was a balance infavour of the Prefecture of 42:218$750. Work done for theCity Improvements Company cost 74:184$879, and for the GasCompany 146:329$305, but these accounts have not yet beenpassed.

As it would be convenient to settle up accounts as soonas possible, the cost of work done for the Gas Company during1905, 1906, 1907 and the first half of 1908 was made out, and itwas found that there was a balance in favour of the Prefectureof 419:579$074, which fact was communicated to the Company,in order that they might check the acceunts. So far the quês-tion has not been settled. The same action is being takenwith regard to the City Improvements Company.

Paving was also re-layed for the Telegraph Department,Police Force, Telephone Company, Jardim Botânico TramwayCo. ~and the Light and Power Company, Limited. The totalcost of the work was 162:874$561, of which 125:651$397 hasalready been paid.

Expenditure on re-paving in 1908 amounted to 301:494$209,of which 205:838$803 on personnel and 195:555$416 on material.

Sundry Works: Municipal Schools.—The " Deodoro " and"Barão de Macahubas " Schools, the former in the Rua >laGloria and the latter in the Rua Padre Januário, in Inhaúma,were completed and inaugurated during the year.

S. Francisco de Assis Asylum.-The work of extending this.vnlnríÍrn V-

t0 í* f**?1*6'1 by the Administration; andexpenditure is bemg kept within estimates. The roofs have

bShÒrJ 7,Ü?ZSt a,W! —»d 1'avilio.s and also on ti™in+nílnn £

^T/" At present cornices are being putinto place, gutters and frames fixed, and coping stones laid.

eroot^ í!?01^ ^f thG Stea? LamKlry of the Institution,eiected by contràct was completed, and as the water supply

of ljooTitres11 "" *"* WM Pllt Ü1 WÍth a CaPac^

.im EXft!üSÍ°n °f the1Avenida Beira Mar.-Work on the exten-sion 0f this avenue, between the Avenida Central and the old

íínlitarf.1Arsena!' " Proceeding but slowly, as several expropria-completed.remain ' A SeCtÍ°n °f Sea'WaI1 has been

th. ÃS?ía Cen*raL-Thi« sW Was filially ha"ded over tothe Piefecture after the asphalt and the mosaic pavements hadbeen renewed and repaired.

Extension of the Rua Gonçalves Dias.—The process of ex-propriating the premises between the Ruas Rosário and Hos-picio is well advanced and the demolitions should begin shortly.Lamp in the Largo da Carioca.—Work has now begun. Thecolumn ,j already finished, and six steel branches Ld threestone platforms placed m position. A box for the examinationoi the electric commumcation has been fixed in the base.Ambulance Station in the Praça da Republica.—Work has

tenders ^ ** C°ntract having been madG after a call for

Palace Of the Prefecture.-The various departments are?fAmfe bei+nf dui7 installed, and the Treasury, Educationand Keal ^state oífices are already working there. The re-facing and pamting of the outside of the old building was doneby contràct.

»hJT?h CrüZ+ S,au8»!*erh™se.-Work continues on the tap-Pmg of the waters of the River Itá and their diversion to theold reservoir which was handed over to the Slaughterhouses bythe Inspector-General of Public Works. The pumping is doneby electricity The. reservoir which had fallen into disrepairhas been practically renewed. This work is now finished, but itcannot be utihsed until an action brought against the Prefec-ture by Durisch and Co. has been decided in the CourtsThe work in question cost 29:392$800..

Numbering of Houses.-The work of revising the number-mg ot houses has been carried out with ali possible regularity.lhe revision is already completed in a great many streets, andthe new plates put up. The charge for the plates was collectedsimultaneously with the house tax during the second half rf1908, m accordance with Decree No. 1,181, of Mav 23rd 19081 lates have also been affixed in the streets toîndicate thedirection to be taken by vehicles. Within a short time theplates bearing the names of the streets and squares will bereplaced by new ones.

Workmen's Houses.-The two " workmen's towns " erectedin the Avenida Salvador de Sá, in accordance with Decree No1,193, of July 12th, 1908, are now finished, and were leasedaíter a call for tenders by the Real Estate Office.These buildings cost 991:830$776, an expense which provesthat it is not advisable for the Administration to undertakesuch work. Our policy should be to aid such companies as aredesirous of construeting cheap houses by contràct and to grantthem certain favours within the limits allowed by law.In pursuance of this policy, a contràct has been made withEngmeer Mario Rache for the construction of from" 800 to 4,000cheap houses, on sites already indicated, within a period of 2

years as from February 20th, 1909, the date of the signing «fthe contràct. &

The building of the third " town," in the Becco do Rio isbemg completed by the Administration, as the contràct wasrescinded at the request of the contractor on the plea that hewas unable to carry it out. The work is proceeding rapidlyand should be completed shortly..

pw

-———mm¦ mu wmiiiwmni


Tramways and Electricity.—Tho work of èlectrifying thevarious tramway systems belonging to tho Rio do Janeiro Tram-way, Light and Power Company, Limited, has been executedsatisfactorily, and it is expected, unless any unforoseenaccident occurs, that tlie electrification will bo completed bytho end of tho year, with tho exception of that of tlie newlines at Cascadnra and in tho Moyer section.

As a result of this work the traffic has not been as regularas could have been wished, and it is to be hoped that when .tis completed, these irregularities will céase and the City be pro-vided with a good tram service.

Tho traffic of the Jardim Botânico Tramway Company hasbeen carried on with tho utmost regularity throughout thoyear. The re-lining of the Real Grandeza tunnel, which wasneeded in order to make it safo for tramway traffic, has nowbeen concluded. Tho Company has nearly finished re-layingits lines in tho tunnel and within a few days traffic, suspendedby order of tho Prefect, owing to the fact that the tunnel wasunsafe, will be resunied.

Tho position of the Carioca Railway is the same as it waswhen I last addressed you.

Tho service of the production and distribution of l^dro-electric power continues to be made with regularity by tho, newinstallations, though it has suffered from accidents of variouskinds. Tho permanent has re-placed the temporary power-house, and tho transmission station is now practically infull work ing order, although it is not quite finished as regardsa few minor details.

The normal capacity of the permanent power-house is30,000 K.AV., the extent of the lines is 418,485 metres and thatof tho over-head lines 49,100 metros. The transformers num-ber 74 and the connecting transformers 278.

The number of K.AV. distributed is 17,380,744, whilst thereare 262,800,000 K.AV. available.

The Telephone service, contracted with the BrasilianischoElectricitâts Gesellschaft, was considerably improved last yearand though still not free from defects, may be considered to !-eworking much better.

The Municipal Theatre.

The building of the Municipal Theatre has proceeded withregularity, and it should be completed by June lst next, to per-mit oí its mauguration at the commencement of the nexttheatre season.llio Technical department of the Construetion Commissionhas eontinued to draw up the necessary plans for proper execu-tion of tho work, the actual number of plans drawn up to datohaving been 894.As I did not think the moment opportune to saddíe theMunicipal coflers with the execution of Decree No. 1,167 -fJanuary 13th, 1008, whilst, at the same time, I was anxiousthat the doors of tho theatre might be throwri open to the

PUblic during tho coming season, I took steps to ensure itsmauguration, at the same time safeguarding the interests ofthe Municipality.1 made use then of the authorisation provided in tho saiddecree which permits the leasing of the Theatre temporarily atthe discretionqf the Prefect (no lengthy loaso mav be contractedwithont a call for tenders). The said decree also provides for

í M^moif' by the Pnfcct' if deemcd ad™*ble, of a subsidyoi 120:000$ per annum, and the undertaking to keep up thetheatre m accordance with Art. 5 without any ônus fortho Municipality, a policy which would be inconvenient, andmdeed, at the moment, quite out of the question.

But I considered that, the fact that the complete executionoi tlie Decree Avas mopportune and inconvenient, should not(iolay the opening and running of the Theatre. For this reasonthe Prefecture considered the proposals sent in, one by SmCorbimano A illaça and Pedro de S. Queiroz and the other bybr Krancisco José de Mesquita, for the temporary occupationand running of tho Municipal Theatre. Neither of the pro-posers asked for a subsidy. LThe first proposal was the least advantageous and was«tMrawn, whereupon tho Erefecture accepted the .second, thaoi Bi. Francisco José de Mesquita, with whom a contract wassgned on February 22nd last for the temporary occupation oftho Theatre, the fact being made known through tho Pre™By this arrangement Sr. Mesquita undertakes to contractAAith foreign companies to perform Opera, drama and b>ht

50.000$ per annum, free of theatre taxes and rates.It has been objected that this sum is very small and isnsufficient even to cover the expenses incurred by the Prefec-ture for the mamtenance of the Theatre. But the cost of main-tenance is large whether the Theatre is open or not av üstsince the Prefecture has no option but to keep up the! luxuriousbuilding, with its dependencies and complicated machinery whichhas cost the Mupicipahty so much, the sum above ment oneAAi reduce our expenditure on maintenance, whilst tho pub íen have tho benefit of enjoying the theatre, the buildie „?

tZgaia.'"'"""' ¦' mldl"'take" for «'«'' advantage and notíôl

Furthermore, the Prefecture made the contract for oneyear only so that it really is an experiment, the resulta ofwhich aviII certainly help us to decide what, in future! wS bethe best pohcy to adopt with regard to the Theatre1 deemed it expedient to lay this matter before the Council.

_ Expenses.—Up to the present, credits amounting to10.540:127$095 have been opened for the construetion of theIheatre, of vvhich a sum of 10.335:118$600 had been expendedup to January 31st, last.Of the credit of 200:000$ opened in 1904, in accordancewith^ Par. 36 of the Budget LaAV then in force, a sumi, of122:760$990 has fallen into exercidos findos (accounts due from

previous fiscal years).Of the credit of 750:000$, opened by Decree No. 702, a sumoi 667:752$495 had been spent by January 31st last, a balancethus remaüiing of 82:247$505.Thus, Expenditure up to January 31st, 1909, amounted to10.335:118$600, of which 9.480:192$979 had been spent up 'o

August lOth, 1908 and 854:925$621 between that date andJanuary 31st, 190&.Department of Forests, Carcíens, Fishing, Hunting, etc.The following special Avork Avas undertakon by the Depart-ment:—I. Completion of the gardens on the Avenida Beira Mar.II Building of a wall and ornamental balustrade on thePraia do Russell.III. Laying out afresh of the gardens round the Monroe1 alace.IV. Laying out of the park round the Guanabara Palace.V. Work on the Campo de São Christovão.VL Tnstàllatidn of a pavilion for the Department in theNational Exhibition, laying out of gardens round the same andround the Pavalion of the Federal District.VII. Laying out afresh of the garden at the Estacio de «áreservoir.VIII; Erection of a fomitam, laying out of a garden andplanting of trees at the Palace of the Prefecture.IX. Erection of a band-stand in the Gloria Gardens.X. Repairs to pavilion s in the Praça da Republica Gar-deus.The folloAving work is still in hand:—

• tttÍ: TLFÍ11S 01lt of a Garden in the Praça Sete de Marçoin Afilia Isabel. . YXII Building of a public lavatory in tho Praça da Gloria.Aill. Erection of the Exhibition Pavilion with fountain,etc, m the Praça da Republica Garçons.XIV.. Mending of the paths in the said Gardens.

Scavenging Department.

The Scavenging Department created by Decree No 482 ofMay 4th, 1904, continues to perform its duties satisfactorily^ inspite of the poor condition of the material, most of which mustbe replaced or renewed. The Superintendent makes an uro-entrequest for the building of 50 more dust-carts for the removaloi rubbisii from private houses and also of three or four barõesand another laúnçh for the carrying of garbage over to Sapucaia.Uns will really be a saving for the Municipal Treasury which,at present, is heavily burdened by the large amounts paid forJure for the execution of these services.A sum of 27:600$ was expended on the acquisition of thelijuca station, which now belongs to the Municipality, andanother oi 100:000$ for the watering done by the Fire Brígade.From January lst to December 31st, 1908, the expenditureot tlie Department sIioavs the following amounts:—

Scavenging of Streets and Roads 865-921$000Sweepmg and Scraping 207 !683$P?5Scavenging ou the hills in the City 63:896$500Streams and Rivers 29:426$750Upkeep of lavatones, urinais, etc 57-267$000Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon 34 £73 $750Lhscharge of garbage at Sapucaia 128:675$650lransport of garbage on the Bay 76 -504$386Planting and cutting of grass at Sapucaia .... 46:810$000

1.010:549$161

• T^é.0t glTn at Sapucaia is given to the mules belong-ing to the Department, and last year it amounted to 416,586bundles, which, if bought in the market at present prices, wouldhave cost 341:268$800. This faet has decided the AdminLtra-tion to extend the growmg of grass for the mules 011 ali wasteground 011 the ísland.The cost of the workshops of the Department, when ali

2^:130$923 " const^^ted and repairs made, amount to

The Avork of erecting new workshops continues, but as thecost is defrayed out of the ordinary revenue of the Department,they will not be finished .for some time. For this reason theSuperintendent asks for a special grant or vote to allow thework to be finished as soon as possible, as its completion isessential, not only for the development of ^e service, but fortho opening up of the centre of the stables by means of thepullmg down of the shed now used for the woiíshopsOrdinary Expenditure for the year 1908 was as follows:—Higher official salaries 97^.Q99«i07Ordinary salaries

2 409^478

ppatches ...:: llilfoDaily allowance to Superintendent's Assistant 1 -46oífiOOnrs™ís <sumlry) •'¦' wmm.Transport of garbage' on" the' Bay

'.'.'.'.'.'.'.".".' [ [ [ ^| :504$386

3.268:603 $302

'P:-JS;:^^-^-i^i;^-:^-.-.,^

April 20th, 1909 J THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW'¦'WE6-

Puplic Health and Ambulance Department.

laritXtgW theÍ8yetPartment ™« ^"^ with "**

íroJtL ^hrZrfÍtÍOn °f the Cit^ ^orWtely, sufferedpox . wi hT P eXTfPtiollal]^ severe epidemic of alll&a%tePtSt Th„t%tf risisrdt.y thr,Federa'prophylactic measures S to take a11 sPeciaI

Sjill&Pi^f Í?0> Ína0tÍTO in the «^ of thePeoplVs Si „f\ í

St takrgACarG not t0 ^pws on other

,PoeIrs0nrWe+rtUrnS °f

^ Ü™oipal Vaceine Institution itE ?íll

m°V<lment Clm"ing 1908 was a« follows :-lst7 W* AP n- +

Va,cclÍ1atl0ns and ^-vaccinations ; 2nd District7,532; 3rd District 7 065; and. 4th District, 3.778. '-wvi ? £ng+ i ^6 Institute provided 738,560 tubes of lvmuth

Municipal Ambulance Department.The Central Ambulance Station was inauo-urated in ÍÚ RmCamenno on November lst, 1907, but the bníid n£l anold o St

otL^Vr l9fT th^essary accommodation, „fo2_

of a bnidwthli"",,0^ í°r tradprs for the -nstruofíon

Depaaltènt S lllCh W1" be ade9Uate t01' the s™* o* ^So great and so beneficia 1 have been the services rendered

6»nfe^ atl«

%& f» leadi,,s >«»spapers are contimn 1 ycongratulatmg the Department on its work and expressino- thegreatest sympathy with its efforts

tio. wn^Ç Prí ^ò^Èf iWtion of 1908 aii ambulance sta-íno++ % °

0S° t0 the PaV1'1ÍOn of the Fecle™í Districtvisitorf TI?

any;irgei;fc jases amcngst the vast mimbers oívisitara The good work done by the station called forth the

Public Workí eXP1'eSS10n °f aPPi-eciation from the Minister cf

a ™\4™bulanoe Congress met in the Exhibition buildings,

?V, JA W Wfi

fUSt íl0t °™'look> since it is to be hoped thatthe debates will have the most beneficiai resulta for the Ambu-lance Department in its manífold and varied branehes.Santa Cruz Slaughterhouse Adminístratíon.

. Althoúgh great changes are heeded to improve the facili-ties of the Department, the Slaughterhouse has worked with"regulafity and order throughout the year.The idílings as compared with the previous year were less,which is explamed by the large number of kiííings at theJeronymo Mesquita Slaughterhouse, which this year has ceasedtd work,. as the result of the finaí sentence of the SupremoFederal Court.The following were the number of killings for the publicsupply during the year 1908:—Oxen, Í23,523; Calves, 2,742;

Sheep, 16,991; Swine, 22,967; as compareci with Í9Ô7, the kill-ings in 1908 showed a falling off of 18,644 oxen.

The Gross Revenue of the Slaughterhouses during 1908 was997:734$705, as compared with 1.117 :096$412 in 1907, a shrink-age of 119:361 $707.

The number of fresh hides taken by Messrs. Durisch anelCõ. from February to Dêcèmber, 1908, was 5,620.

In January and February of the current year the numberof killings for the public supply was 25,982 oxen, of which142.29/4 and 26/8 were reiected; 860 calves, of which 26 wererejected; 2,514 sheep, of which 6 were rejected and lastly, 4,597swine, of which 157 were reiected.

The number of salted hides of oxen and calves removedwas 21,662, the export tax on which gave 63 :639$000.

_ Ordinary Revenue ín the two months was 114:376$200,.which, with the product of the indemnification of merchants aslaid •down in Decree No. 239, of April 15th, 1896, the rentreceived for a shed, the export tax and the sale of the bloodmakes up a total of 192:606$405.

' i iTSanitary Department.

The number of oxen reiected in round figures was 911 in1907 and 913 ín 1908.

The principal cause of rejections was tuberculosis, on ac-count of which 651 were còiidemiied, whilst 73 were rejected asbeing far too thin.

The quinzey, which hit the butchers so hard in 1906, onlyappeared in 3 cases in 1908.

Of the 2,742 calves killed, 102 were rejected; of the 6,961sheep, 62, and of the 22,967 swine, 936. ,

The microscopical services in charge of the doctor wasproperly performed. The number of examinations made was793, of which 465 gave positive and 328 negativo results.

During January and February of the current year the move-ment was as follows:—Of the 25,982 oxen killed,' 142 29/4 and26/8 were rejected; of the 860 calves, 26; of the 2,514 sheep, 6,;and of the 4,597 swine, 157.

i nie, number of oxen küled during those months increasedby o,1.15, orl9.5 per cent.; of calves by 798, or 1.400 per cent.:

oo SW11oV ,347, °r about 30 Per cent- Killings of sheep fell off90, or 2.5 per cent.

The number of beasts rejected before slaughtering by thevarious vetermary surgeons during January and February, 1907,were 14 oxen, 1 sheep and 1 pig, as against 16 oxen and 9calves m 1908.No epidemic disease has appeared amongst the a&$Êt ai-though at several places in the interior aphtose fever hasattacked the cattle.

The Penha Slaughterhouse.This Department, which is leased to private parties and isfiscahsed by the Municipality, has worked with due regularity.During 1908 the number of oxen killed was 6,685, of which4 were rejected; 226 swine; 1 calf and 1 sheep were also killed,making a total of 6,913.During January and February, 1909, 1,003 oxen and 21swme were slaughtered.

Municipal Analytlcal Laboratory.

i -irv,Thej. ÇaboratoiT was re-organised by Municipal Law No.1,191, of June 8th, 1908, and on October 15th of the same yearthe new regulations were issued.As the 1905 Budget is still in force, the Laboratory is stillwithout any vote for its maintenance and as a material resultis not m a position to perform its funetions properly.As a result of this abnormal state of affairs, the Laboratoryin 1908, not having an adequate staff, limited its work in thechemical section to the testing of the drinking water of the*Federal District. The water then examined was found to be ofsatisfactory purity. The only unsatisfactory ¦ sample was drawnfrom a private well in the 15 de Novembro Reformatory Schoolat Estação Dr. Fròntin. An analysis is being made at the re-

quest of Messrs. Hentschel and G-affrée, of this City, of drink-mg water for the Companhia Fabril Maranhense.The bacteriológica! section prepared malleine and tubercu-

line, made observations in head and micrographical and bac-tenological examinations of. the watèr from the ReformatorySchool referred to above.

In the resistance tests Section, which is in charge of anEngineer of the Department of Public "Works, 38 experimenta

were made. •.;} Z-::"Z--r---WiZ\.Zl;::Zzz.;¦;:¦;;.: Z^;:ZZ.-Z\:-Z4^:ZZ:^.;¦ ¦-¦¦¦Z'/. ^'z-k'.^'''z-

Educatlon.Primary.—Primary Education is condueted in the Federal

District on the lines indicated in the Regulations passed by theMunicipal Council in March, 1897, which have been but slightlyaltered in minor details by subsequent amendments.

The main advantages of this system was undoubtedlythat, on the one hand, it made the curriculum in the NormalSchool more practical, as it provided the mistresses with a fullknowledge of the subjeçts it is their duty to teach the children,and, on the other, it eliminated the necessity of granting subsi-dies to private schools where the teaçhers need not necessarilyhave any professional ability.

This system of selection, together with an adequate fiscali-sation of the schools, has produced the best results. To-day theofficial are greatly preferred to private schools on account ofthe confidence with which they inspire parents, who otherwisewould have entrusted their children to private tutora.

In the Normal School, where formerly quite a amall num-ber of teaçhers were granted diplomas, matriculations are at apremium.

These results are the direct consequence of the reforms cf1897.

Practice and experience which have been gained during theyears following the reform and from the small changes votedby the Council, show the need of a further reform in the Muni-cipal Educational system, a reform which was asked for in 1901,but which, so far, has not been passed.

It is to be hoped that during this year you will considerthis im.portant question.

The number of scholars has increàsed enormously and con-tinuously from 1901 to date. There are model schools wherematriculations reach 800 or 1,000 per" annum. In view, there-fore, of the increase in scholars, we must increase our staff andour material in proportion. This still remains to be done.

The Bill of Reforms, which awaits your consideration, pro-vides for these needs and shorteomings.

In previous Messages I have had oceasion to refer to thedevelopment of the night courses and to their defmite conver-sion into self-managing night schools, installed in different build-ings from the day schools.

With regard to this question, I have nothing further toadd to what I said in September, 1907.

The Education Law at present in force (Decree No. 844, jfDecember 19th, 1901) in Art. 13 and Paragraphs, lays downthe course to be followed for the íilling of vacant mastershipsin the Primary schools. Decree No. 1,200, of June 25th, 1908,however, revoked the said Art. 13 and Pars. As a naturalresult of this, there is now no legal procedure for the íilling

atm^m

-

. . >-..!¦¦ - II TI

8 a. THE BRAZILIAN REVIEW [April 20th, 19<X9.___ __L

of these vacancies by teachers who have graduated in the Nor-mal Schools in accordance with the regulations of 1897, 1898 andIJjÉité

Everybody thinks ho has a right to nominate, and, as aresult, there aro only nine vacancies at present. Law No.1,200, which did a way with the competitive examination, madeno other provisions and failed to solve the problem. Law No1 .(l^lypf December 31st, 1904, which dealt with the questionof xne masterships in Primary schools, reviving Decree No.777, of October 20th, 1900, and which was not expressly re-voked by Law No. 1,200, which only tacitly cancelled it as re-gards the clause relating to the competition examination, doesnot in its turn solve the problem.

It is essential, therefore, that tho Council should take stepsto establish mies of tho nomination of teachers and graduadosunder the Regulations of 1897, 1898 and 1901, which at presentare non-existent, ou the same lines as the rules for those gradu-ated under the Regulations of 1881 and 1893.

Scholastic Education was given with the utmost regularitythroughout the class year of 1908. The present material avail-able is insuíficient, whilst much of it is in disrepair, owing totho constant moving of schools established in private houses.

Normal Education.

The system of Normal Education requires radical reform.It is natural that seholars leaving the primary schools 'n-

sulTiciently trained and matriculating in the Normal School,during their first two years, encounter almost insuperable diffi-culties, which are aggravated by the excessive number of ruleslaid down for the first courses. The number of rules for eachclass year should be curtailed and the Normal cause extendedby one year.

The reform of tlie system of matriculation is also urgent.At present only those seholars can matriculate in the NormalSchool who have come from the Primary Schools or have passeeian examination there. This is wrong, for candidates who aromore advanced than those coming from the Primary Schoolsshould be alloAved to present themselves for matriculation. Toensure this, there ought not to be a simple system of selection,founded on tlie courses in the Primary Schools, but a real en-tranco examination, which sháll be stiff enough to show the realmerits of the candidates.

If this system is adopted, the competition for matricula-tion will bo less, Normal education will be put on a higherlevei, and wo should no longer see the anomaly of 725 candi-dates applying for 50 vacancies!

It would also be advisable to change the present system ofteaehing apprenticeships obtained by the normal degree to onemore r.rVoiial and practical. The system at present in vogue hasnot given the good results expected.

In accordance with Deere No. 1,122, of June, 1907, severalboys have been permitted to matriculate, Normal courses thusbeing open to males and not restricted females, as was laiddown by Decree No. 844, of December 19th, 1901.

Before this present scholastic year commenced, I removedfrom the Normal School Commission the teachers who act 'issubstitutes, in order that their services might be available whenneeded by the Primary Schools.

The Council should also establish rules for the filling ifvacant professorships in the Normal Schools, since the systemof competitive examination, instituted by Art. 22 and Pars.of Decree No. 844, was abolished by Law No. 1,200, of June25th, 1908.

College of Preceptors.

On the lines laid down for its working, the College of Pre-ceptors performed its duties with regularity throughout theyear.

As soon as the various courses were instituted, they werewell attended. The attendance had been declining year by yearafter the passing of Law No. 1,122, of June 21st, 1908, whichrevoked the regulation, whereby the days on which the mem-bers of the Normal School attended these classes were countedas working days.

Technical Education.

The Technical Schools maintained by the Municipality needreform as regards the Inspection Department, the regulating ofthe classes and the installation of the workshops. Neither ofthese institutions has sufficient room for its members to workproperly.

So many applications were made for admission to these In-stitutions that the number of seholars is in excess of thatallowed by the regulations and reaches 400, for it would be apity to deprive some 300 seholars of instruetion.

The Souza Aguiar Technical School, which was opened justover a year ago, has done good work and took two prizes at theExhibition.

Its present progress is an indication of what it will accom-plish when the building has been enlarged and new workshopshave been added.

F. M. DE SOUZA AGUIAR.

Y

IMPRENSA INCLEZA69,

Wileman & Co.-BRITISH PRINTING WORKS,Rua Theophih Ottoni—Rio de Janeiro.

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