45023-002: Hubei-Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project

Final Environmental Impact Assessment June 2013

PRC: Hubei–Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project Prepared by Yichang Municipal Government for the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff and may be preliminary in nature.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 31 October 2012)

Currency unit – yuan (CNY)

CNY1.00 = $0.16024 $1.00 = CNY6.2405

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank A2/O – anaerobic/anoxic/oxic AQG – air quality guideline BOD5 – 5-day biochemical oxygen demand BRT – bus rapid transit C&D – construction and demolition CBD – central business district CNY – Chinese Yuan CO – carbon monoxide COD – chemical oxygen demand CPS – Country Partnership Strategy EA – edfgxecuting Agency EHS – environmental health and safety EIA – environmental impact assessment EIR – Environmental Impact Report EIRF – Environmental Impact Registration Form EIT – environmental impact table EMC – environmental management consultant EMP – environmental management plan EMS – environmental monitoring station EPB – Environmental Protection Bureau EPD – Environmental Protection Department FYP – Five-Year Plan GDP – gross domestic product GHG – greenhouse gas GRM – grievance redress mechanism HC – hydrocarbon HDPE – high density polyethylene HPG – Hubei Provincial Government IA – implementing Agency IMn – permanganate index IPCC – International Panel on Climate Change LDI – local design institute LIEC – Loan implementation environmental consultant MEP – Ministry of Environmental Protection NBES – National Protection List of Terrestrial Wild Animal with Beneficial or

Important Economic and Scientific Research Value NH3-N – ammonia nitrogen NMT – non-motorized transport NO2 – nitrogen dioxide

O&G – oil and grease O&M – operation and maintenance PAH – poly-aromatic hydrocarbon PAM – poly-acryl amide PAM – project administration manual PM – particulate matter PM2.5 – particulate matter with diameter of particles ≤2.5 μ PM10 – particulate matter with diameter of particles ≤10 μ PME – powered mechanical equipment PMO – Project Management Office PRC – People’s Republic of China PVC – polyvinyl chloride RP – resettlement plan RSP – respirable suspended particulates SO2 – sulfur dioxide SS – suspended solids STI – Sustainable Transport Initiative TDM – travel demand management TN – total nitrogen TP – total phosphorus TPH – total petroleum hydrocarbon TSP – total suspended particulates TTM – temporary traffic management USD – United States dollar VOC – volatile organic compound WHO – World Health Organization YEMS – Yichang Environmental Monitoring Station YEPB – Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau YMG – Yichang Municipal Government YMUCID – Yichang Municipal Urban Construction Investment and

Development Co., Ltd. YPMO – Yichang Project Management Office

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

a – annum oC – degree centigrade μ – micron cm – centimeter h – hour ha – hectare kg/d – kilogram per day km – kilometer km/h – kilometer per hour km2 – square kilometer m – meter m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter m/s – meter per second

m3/d – cubic meter per day m3/s – cubic meter per second mg/l – milligram per liter mg/m3 – milligram per cubic meter mm – millimeter s – second t – metric ton t/km2.a – metric ton per square kilometer per annum y – year

NOTES

In the report, “$” refers to US dollars.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

CONTENTS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1

A. Background 1 B. Project Design 2 C. Project Benefits 2 D. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures 3 E. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation 4 F. Grievance Redress Mechanism 4 G. Key EMP Implementation Responsibilities 4 H. Risks and Key Assurances 5 I. Overall Conclusion 5

II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 6

A. Policy Framework 6 B. Legal and Administrative Framework 7 C. Laws, Regulations, Guidelines and Standards 7 D. Evaluation Standards 9 E. Assessment Areas and Sensitive Receptors 13 F. Assessment Period 19

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 20

A. Project Rationale 20 B. Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor 23 C. Dongshan 4th Road 29 D. Climate Change Adaptation Considerations 37

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 39

A. General 39 B. Physical Setting 39 C. Natural Resources, Ecology and Biodiversity 47 D. Solid Waste Management 59

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 63

A. Positive Impacts and Environmental Benefits 63 B. Impacts Associated with Project Location, Planning and Design 65 C. Impacts and Mitigation Measures during the Construction Stage 66 B. Impacts and Mitigation Measures during the Operational Stage 74 E. Cumulative Impacts 99 F. Indirect and Induced Impacts 99 G. Associated Facilities 100

VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 102

A. Project Alternative 102 B. Alternatives Considered 103

VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 107

A. Legislative Framework for Consultation, Participation and Information Disclosure 107

B. Information Disclosure 107 C. Consultation and Participation during Project Preparation 108

D. Future Plans for Public Participation 109

VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 111

IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 112

A. Objectives 112 B. Organizational Structure for Environmental Management 112 C. Inspection, Monitoring and Reporting 114

X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 115

A. Expected Project Benefits 115 B. Adverse Impacts and Mitigation Measures 115 C. Risks and Assurances 116 D. Overall Conclusion 117

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. Background

1. This consolidated environmental impact assessment (EIA) is an environmental safeguard report for the Hubei–Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project. This report was prepared based on information in the domestic Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for this project, which is presently undergoing the domestic approval process. The domestic EIR was prepared based on information in the domestic Feasibility Study Reports (FSR) and the domestic soil conservation report for the project. The soil conservation report has obtained domestic approval by the Hubei Provincial Water Resources Bureau on 25 October 2012. 2. Yichang is a prefecture-level city located in southwestern Hubei Province of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). It is the second largest city in Hubei Province after Wuhan, which is the provincial capital that is located approximately 325 kilometers (km) to the east (Figure I.1). Yichang has a land area of 21,000 km2 and a population of 3,985,000 among which 2,023,100 lives in the urban area of 828 km2. The current urbanization rate is 32.2%. In 2010, Yichang’s per capita gross domestic product (GDP) was CNY38,181, higher than the provincial and national averages of CNY27,906 and CNY37,977 respectively.

Figure I.1: Location of Yichang City and Project Outputs

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3. The Project aims to improve Yichang’s urban road network in a sustainable manner. It will support urban and industrial development, improve public transport services and public safety and enhance logistics function. Yichang’s urban road network development has been constrained by the Yangtze River and the mountains, resulting in a constricted urban area on a long strip of narrow flat land dissected by the Yangtze River. Private vehicles and buses are concentrated within the limited road network along a single corridor. Short sections of bus lanes are installed on the curb side, but operational efficiency is very low due to conflicts caused by vehicles using bus lanes for stopping and turning. The city also needs new roads to enhance its logistics hub function and to provide accessibility to the new logistics parks being developed. The city requires urban transport improvement to resolve existing transport problems and to accommodate future growth in travel demand in a sustainable way. 4. This Project is aligned with Yichang’s Urban Master Plan as well as the key thrusts of ADB's assistance to the PRC under the PRC Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) in the areas of: (i) inclusive growth and balanced development—by promoting urbanization in less developed regions, and (ii) resource efficiency and environmental sustainability—by promoting efficient and sustainable urban transport and transit-oriented development. The focus on public transport and multi-modal integration fits well with ADB's Sustainable Transport Initiative (STI).

B. Project Design

5. The expected outcome of the Project is the provision of a sustainable and efficient transport system for public transport and logistics, with increased mode share for public transport, decreased pedestrian accident risk, and increased efficiency of Yichang’s multi-modal logistics hub. The proposed bus rapid transit (BRT) system can serve as a demonstration role, with the prospect of later being extended to other corridors in the city.

6. The expected project outputs are (i) a 23.91 km Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor including BRT depots, improved provision for pedestrian and bicycles facilities, and establishment of a parking management plan for the central business district (CBD) and other traffic demand management (TDM) measures; (ii) a new 23.354 km long Dongshan 4th Road in the northern part of the urban area, an urban trunk road designed to expressway standard to enable heavy traffic to bypass the city centre.

C. Project Benefits

7. The Project will improve public transport services by introducing a BRT system along the main corridor of the city and develop non-motorized transport (NMT) and TDM measures along the BRT corridor to provide safe and convenient accessibility to public transport and introduce parking management along the main corridor running through the CBD area. Benefits will include improved safety and on-time performance of urban transportation. The BRT corridor will connect main districts of the city with the newly built high speed railway station and the logistics parks. The Project will improve the road network and enable redistribution of vehicle traffic from the city’s main corridor. It will also provide additional capacity and direct connectivity between the existing Class I highways for through traffic generated by the logistic parks and pass-dam transshipment.1

1 Pass-dam transshipment is shipping of goods or containers by road or rail to an inland waterway port located

upstream or downstream of a dam in order to by-pass the ship-lock or ship lift facility at the dam.

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8. The BRT system will travel on dedicated center lanes. This will improve the overall traffic flow along the main corridor in the city centre, resulting in a decrease in traffic noise pollution during the daytime in future years compared to the “no BRT” scenario as predicted in this EIA, despite future increases in traffic volume. The Dongshan 4th Road will contribute to a reduction in night-time noise levels in the urban centre through diversion of heavy traffic from the city centre. also It will also result in a reduction in CO2 emissions of 102,570 t/a as a result of reduced congestion.

D. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures

9. This Project was classified as category A for environment. Construction and operation of the project roads will have potential impacts on the environment. The Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor will be constructed on existing roads where there are existing sensitive receptors. Dust and noise during the construction stage will need to be mitigated to reduced potential impacts to these sensitive receptors. Night time construction between 2200 and 0600 hours would be avoided. Recognizing that night time construction may be needed from time to time to avoid day time traffic congestion, nearby communities will be notified and consulted. Existing sensitive receptors along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor are already experiencing high traffic noise levels. Noise predictions indicate that these sensitive receptors would experience higher noise levels at night compared to the existing condition due to future increase in traffic volume. However during day time and in spite of increased traffic volume, the BRT corridor will improve traffic flow with public buses travelling on dedicated center lanes, which would reduce noise levels as predicted at these existing sensitive receptors. Although future increases in traffic noise experienced by these sensitive receptors is not attributed to the provision of the BRT corridor, common practice by the PRC environmental authorities is to provide double-glazed windows to households that experience higher noise levels compared to the present condition as an indirect mitigation measure. 10. Approximately 101.52 ha of land will be permanently lost to make way for the new Dongshan 4th Road. The land is in a semi-urban ecological setting dominated by landscapes that have been influenced by human activities with plantations, patchy woodland and man-made ponds that support a variety of common plant and animal species. There is no natural woodland or forest within the assessment area that would support high biodiversity. Literature review and field investigation did not reveal the presence of rare, threatened or endangered species in the ecological assessment area of Dongshan 4th Road alignment. Dust and noise generated by construction activities will be a nuisance to nearby residents. Bridge works and discharge of wastewater from construction sites could potentially pollute nearby water bodies. Traffic travelling on the future Dongshan 4th Road will generate air and noise pollution potentially affecting nearby sensitive receptors. Indirect mitigation measures will include resettling two households and installing double-glazed windows. 11. According to the domestic Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIR), the costs for implementing environmental mitigation measures have been estimated to be approximately $100,000 during the construction stage and approximately $2,781,500 for the installation of double-glazed windows at sensitive receptors along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and the Dongshan 4th Road during the operational stage. Resettlement of two households along the Dongshan 4th Road alignment will also be needed due to potential noise nuisance even after double-glazed window installation. The cost for such resettlement has been accounted for in the Resettlement Plan. The above impacts should be reduced to acceptable levels with the provision of mitigation measures and sound environmental management during the construction and operational stages of the Project.

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12. To facilitate sound environmental management, this report provides an environmental management plan (EMP) with four major components: mitigation, monitoring, public consultation and training. The EMP provides a plan for training and capacity building of the Yichang Project Management Office (YPMO) and the implementing agency (IA) so that they will be able to perform environmental management, to implement all the mitigation measures and to conduct environmental monitoring. Mitigation measures listed in the EMP cover the design, construction and operational stages of the Project. It is important that the mitigation measures are included in tender documents so that they could be implemented during the construction and operational stages. Environmental monitoring is important to measure the impact during construction and operation, to quantify the benefits of this project during operation and confirm that effects were as predicted.

E. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation

13. Information on the road components and the EIR was disclosed to the public on the websites of both Huebei Environmental Protection Bureau and Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau on 28 April, 17 September, and 26 September in 2012. Two rounds of consultation and participation via discussion forum and questionnaire survey were conducted on 27 September and 8–9 October 2012, respectively. Questionnaires were related to air quality, noise, water quality, ecology and social issues during the construction and operation stages, in particular, road safety and nuisance to traffic and pedestrians during the construction of the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and night time construction noise. These issues have been adequately addressed by the YPMO and the local environmental design institute during the discussion forum and in the domestic EIR.

F. Grievance Redress Mechanism

14. This report and the EMP describe a grievance redress mechanism (GRM) to document and resolve complaints from affected people. The proposed GRM was explained to the attendees of the discussion forum. The GRM will be accessible to diverse members of the community, including more vulnerable groups such as women and youth. Multiple points of entry and modes of access, including face-to-face meetings, written complaints, telephone conversations, or e-mail, will be available. Opportunities for confidentiality and privacy for complainants will be honored where requested.

G. Key EMP Implementation Responsibilities

15. The Yichang Municipal Government (YMG), through the YPMO, will be responsible for the overall implementation of and compliance with the EMP, including inspection, monitoring, reporting, and initiating corrective actions or measures. The YPMO will assign qualified environment specialists to undertake environmental management activities including (i) managing the environmental activities carried out under the project; (ii) ensuring effective EMP implementation; (iii) recruiting and supervising the environmental management consultant (EMC) responsible for providing assistance and training on inspecting, monitoring, and evaluating implementation of mitigation measures; (iv) preparing periodic EMP implementation progress reports; and (v) coordinating with other municipal agencies and ADB on all relevant environmental matters. The YPMO also has the final responsibility for implementation of the GRM for handling disputes.

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H. Risks and Key Assurances

16. The main project risks include the low environmental institutional capacity of the YPMO, IA and O&M units and potential failure to implement mitigation measures and monitor environmental impacts during construction and operational stages. These risks will be mitigated by (i) providing training in environmental management under the Project; (ii) appointing qualified project implementation consultants, (iii) following appropriate project implementation monitoring and mitigation arrangements, and (iv) ADB conducting reviews of semi-annual environmental monitoring reports and undertaking regular review missions.

I. Overall Conclusion

17. The Project will facilitate the development of sustainable urban transport in Yichang. The provision of a BRT system will improve public transport, traffic flow and traffic safety in the urban area and contribute to reduced air quality impacts and noise levels during the day-time. The new Dongshan 4th Road will facilitate residential, commercial and industrial developments in the northern part of Yichang’s urban area, providing economic development and job opportunities for nearby residents. This new road will also divert through traffic from the urban center, thus alleviating traffic congestion in the urban center and contribute to reduced air quality impacts and noise levels at night. 18. Impact assessment results show that there are no unprecedented or irreversible impacts. The EMP implementation will ensure that the potential impacts will be mitigated to acceptable levels. The project is feasible from an environment safeguards point of view.

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II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. Policy Framework

19. This Project is aligned with the key thrusts of ADB's assistance to the PRC under the PRC Country Partnership Strategy (CPS)2 in the areas of: (i) inclusive growth and balanced development—by promoting urbanization in less developed regions, and (ii) resource efficiency and environmental sustainability—by promoting efficient and sustainable urban transport and transit-oriented development.3 The focus on public transport and multi-modal integration fits well with ADB's Sustainable Transport Initiative (STI).4 20. Local Requirements. The following Yichang requirements are relevant to this Project. These requirements also form the basis and rationale for this Project.

i. Outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Yichang Citizens’ Economic and Social Development, (January 2011);

ii. Yichang City Urban Master Plan (2005–2020), (December 2005); iii. Yichang City Integrated Transport Plan (2005–2020)

21. Master Plans. One of the targets in Yichang’s 12th Five-Year Plan 5 (FYP) is to strengthen Yichang’s infrastructure on integrated transportation, modern energy industries, industrial parks, and communication. Speed up the construction of trunk roads connecting county level cities to expressways and improving connections linking roads, railways and water transport are among items identified to ‘perfect’ Yichang’s integrated transportation system in the 12th five-year plan period (2011–2015). The construction of Dongshan 4th road was listed as one of the projects to be completed within the 12th five-year plan period. 22. According to the Yichang City Urban Master Plan (2005–2020), the size of constructed land in Yichang will be 152.9 km2 by year 2020, with an urban center of 131.2 km2 and a suburban area of 21.7 km2. The urban center will include the following urban districts: Xiling, Wujiagang, Xiaoxita, Dianjun and Xiaoting, which will be the service centers for metropolitan Yichang in finance, commerce, cultural entertainment, education and research, sports, logistics, high-tech enterprises and non-polluting industries. Recent rapid economic and social developments in Yichang has resulted in rapid increases in both inter-city and intra-city road traffic. Constrained by landform with an elongated but narrow urban center, the east-to-west traffic depends largely on existing urban main trunk roads and the Yuyun Highway. Inter-city traffic has to go through the urban center causing heavy congestion and constraining urban economic and social development. The various urban districts are presently connected by public buses. Roads connecting these urban districts are heavily congested during rush hour, affecting efficiency and performance of public bus services. A Yichang City Integrated Transport Plan

2 ADB. 2008. PRC Country Partnership Strategy 2008-2010. Manila. 3 Transit-oriented development refers to mixed-use residential and commercial areas designed to maximize access to public transport and facilitate pedestrian movement. A transit-oriented development is typically centered on a transit station (train station/metro station/bus terminal), surrounded by relatively high-density development with progressively lower-density development further from the high capacity public transport facility.

4 The STI, approved by ADB management on 20 July 2010, has set a new direction for ADB's transport sector efforts to promote more environmentally and socially sustainable transport solutions in DMCs in line with ADB's Strategy 2020.

5 Yichang Municipal Government. 2011. Outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Yichang citizens’ economic and social development. January 2011.

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(2005–2020) was prepared which was eventually incorporated into the Yichang City Urban Master Plan (2005– 2020). Adopting BRT on Dongshan Avenue with a dedicated corridor will ease intra-city traffic. The Dongshan 4th Road is positioned along and adjacent to the northeastern part of urban Yichang, connecting the urban districts of Xiling, Wujiagang and Xiaoting and bypassing the city center. It effectively connects urban roads with major regional roads and diverts inter-city traffic away from the urban center, thus alleviating traffic congestion in the urban center as well as providing infrastructure for urban expansion to the northeast in line with the vision of the urban master plan. Dongshan 4th Road is part of the proposed road network within the twelfth five-year transport plan. The two project roads are therefore in accordance with Yichang’s urban master plan and integrated transport plan.

B. Legal and Administrative Framework

23. The administrative framework for environmental impact assessment in the PRC consists of national, provincial and local (city) environmental protection authorities. The national authority is the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP), who promulgates laws, regulations and technical guidelines on environmental impact assessment and pollution prevention and control. At the provincial level, Environmental Protection Departments (EPDs) are mandated with control and regulation of environmental impact assessment and pollution prevention and control in the province. They are also often delegated the authority by MEP to approve environmental impact assessment reports for construction projects in the provinces, except those with national interest and those that cross provincial boundaries that would need MEP approval. The local or city-level EPBs enforce environmental laws and conduct environmental monitoring within city limits. Local Environmental Protection Bureaus (EPBs) could be delegated the authority to approve environmental impact assessments by the provincial EPDs. The Hubei Provincial EPD (HEPD) will approve the domestic environmental impact report for this Project. 24. A domestic project EIR6 has been prepared by a local environmental design institute, the Hubei Gimbol Environmental Technology Co. Ltd. (Gimbol), in accordance with the provisions of PRC’s Environmental Impact Assessment Law of 2003 and the Directory for the Management of Different Categories of Construction Project Environmental Impact Assessment, (MEP Order No. 2), October 1, 2008. The release of the Environmental Impact Assessment Public Participation Interim Guideline in 2006 also requires that the public be involved in the EIA process. This EIR was submitted for domestic approval and the approval review meeting was conducted in October 2012. Gimbol has addressed the comments raised in the review meeting and has submitted a final EIR for approval. Another report pertinent to the project, the soil conservation report, was approved on 25 October 2012. This EIA is based on information and findings provided in the EIR and the soil conservation report.

C. Laws, Regulations, Guidelines and Standards

25. PRC Requirements. The following requirements of the PRC govern the way in which environmental impact assessment for construction projects is carried out. This suite of laws, regulations, guidelines and standards is shown below, indicating the comprehensive coverage

6 The Directory for the Management of Different Categories of Construction Project Environmental Impact

Assessment classifies environmental impact assessments for construction projects into 3 categories with different reporting requirements, based on the ‘significance’ of potential environmental impact due to the project and the environmental sensitivity of the project site as described in this Directory. An Environmental Impact Report (EIR) is required for construction projects with potential significant environmental impacts. An Environmental Impact Table (EIT) is required for construction projects with less significant environmental impacts. An Environmental Impact Registration Form (EIRF) is required for construction projects with the least significant environmental impacts.

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on PRC’s environmental safeguard. These requirements cover pollution prevention and control on air, noise, water and solid waste. These requirements also provide technical guidelines on assessing atmospheric, noise, water and ecological impacts.

i. Environmental Protection Law, December 26, 1989; ii. Atmospheric Pollution Prevention and Control Law, September 1, 2000; iii. Noise Pollution Prevention and Control Law, March 1, 1997; iv. Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, June 1, 2008; v. Solid Waste Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control Law, April 1, 2005; vi. Water Law, October 1, 2002; vii. Water and Soil Conservation Law, June 29, 1991; viii. Environmental Impact Assessment Law, September 1, 2003; ix. Energy Conservation Law, January 1, 1998; x. Wild Animal Protection Law, August, 2004; xi. Construction Project Environmental Protection and Management Regulation,

(State Department Order No. 253), November 29, 1998; xii. Directory for the Management of Different Categories of Construction Project

Environmental Impact Assessment, (MEP Order No. 2), October 1, 2008; xiii. Environmental Impact Assessment Public Participation Interim Guideline, (MEP

Announcement No. [2006]28); xiv. Circular on Strengthening the Management of Environmental Impact Assessment

for Construction Projects Financed by International Financial Organizations, (MEP Announcement No. [1993]324);

xv. Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment: General Program (HJ 2.1-2011);

xvi. Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment: Atmospheric Environment (HJ 2.2-2008);

xvii. Technical Guidelines for Noise Impact Assessment (HJ 2.4-2009); xviii. Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment: Surface Water

Environment (HJ/T 2.3-93); xix. Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment: Ground Water

Environment (HJ 610-2011); xx. Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment: Ecological Impact

(HJ 19-2011) [replace HJ/T 19-1997]; xxi. Technical Guideline for Construction Project Environmental Risk Assessment

(HJ/T 169-2004); xxii. Specifications for Road Construction Project Environmental Impact Assessment

(JTG B03-2006); xxiii. Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-1996); xxiv. Air Pollutant Integrated Emission Standard (GB 16297-1996). xxv. Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB 3096-2008); xxvi. Emission Standard of Environmental Noise for Boundary of Construction Site

(GB 12523-2011); xxvii. Technical Specifications to Determine the Suitable Areas for Environmental

Noise of Urban Area, (GB/T 15190-94); xxviii. Ground Level Traffic Noise Pollution Prevention Technical Policy (MEP

Announcement No. [2010)7]; xxix. Residential Building Sound Proof Design Specification (GB 50118-2010); xxx. Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002); xxxi. Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T 14848-93);

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xxxii. Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996); xxxiii. Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB 15618-1995); xxxiv. Technical Guideline on Environmental Monitoring Quality Management (HJ 630-

2011). 26. ADB Environmental Safeguard Requirements. This Project is classified as Category A for environment on the basis of ADB’s Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA), requiring the submission of a comprehensive environmental impact assessment (EIA) report. ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) 2009 requires a number of considerations that are over and above the domestic EIR requirements. These include, amongst others: (i) project risks and respective mitigation measures and project assurances; (ii) project level Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM); (iii) definition of the project area of influence; (iv) physical cultural resources damage prevention analysis; (v) climate change mitigation and adaptation; (vi) occupational and community health and safety requirements (including emergency preparedness and response); (vii) economic displacement that is not part of land acquisition; (viii) biodiversity conservation and natural resources management requirements; (ix) provision of extensive sufficient justification if local standards are used; (x) meaningful consultation and participation; and (xi) implementation schedule and (measurable) performance indicators in the EMP. 27. Relevant International Agreements. The PRC is a signatory to a number of international agreements relevant to environment protection. Those relevant to the Project, along with the date of signing by the PRC, include:

i. Convention on Biological Diversity, 29 December 1993. To develop national strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity;

ii. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat, 21 December 1975. To stem the progressive encroachment on and loss of wetlands now and in the future, recognizing the fundamental ecological functions of wetlands and their economic, cultural, scientific, and recreational value;

iii. Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 23 February 2005. To further reduce greenhouse gas emissions by enhancing the national programs of developed countries aimed at this goal and by establishing percentage reduction targets for the developed countries;

iv. Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, 1 January 1989. To protect the ozone layer by controlling emissions of substances that deplete it;

v. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, 26 December 1996. To combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought through national action programs that incorporate long-term strategies supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements;

vi. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 21 March 1994. Toachieve stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a low enough level to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.

D. Evaluation Standards

28. In the PRC, EIA requirements, ambient conditions of air, noise and water quality in the project area determine the appropriate category for point source or impacting emissions and

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effluent standards for the construction and operational phases of built infrastructure. However, the World Bank Group Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) guidelines7 (see below) are based on best practice construction and operational procedures. Both the PRC standards and EHS guidelines will be used in the assessments. 29. Air Quality. The PRC ranks air quality into three classes according to its Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-1996), with Class I having the best air quality and Class III the worst air quality. The ambient air quality in the assessment area of this project has been assigned to meet GB 3095-1996 Class II standards. A new standard was issued in 2012 (GB 3095-2012), which will become effective on January 1, 2016, replacing GB 3095-1996. The World Bank Group adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) standards8 for its EHS standards for air quality. 30. The WHO set up air quality guideline (AQG) standards for various air quality parameters for the protection of public health. Yet recognizing that progressive actions are needed to achieve these standards and the financial and technological limitations of some countries, cities or localities especially in developing countries, the WHO also established interim targets as intermediate milestones towards achieving the AQG. 31. Table II.I compares the PRC’s GB 3095-1996 Class II standards with the GB 3095-2012 standards and the World Bank Group’s EHS standards.

Table II.1: Comparison of the PRC’s GB 3095-1996, GB 3095-2012, and World Bank Group EHS Ambient Air Quality Standards

Air Quality Parameter

Averaging Period GB 3095-1996

Class II (mg/m3) GB 3095-2012

Class II (mg/m3)

World Bank Group EHS9 (mg/m3)

Interim Targets AQG

SO2 1-year 0.06 0.06 n/a n/a 24-hour 0.15 0.15 0.050-0.125 0.020 1-hour 0.50 0.50 n/a n/a

PM10 1-year 0.10 0.10 0.030-0.070 0.020 24-hour 0.15 0.15 0.075-0.150 0.050

PM2.5 1-year n/a n/a 0.015-0.035 0.010 24-hr n/a 0.15 0.0375-0.075 0.025 1-hour n/a 0.35 n/a n/a

NO2 1-year 0.08 0.04 n/a 0.040 24-hour 0.12 0.08 n/a n/a 1-hour 0.24 0.20 n/a 0.200

CO 24-hour 4.0 4.0 n/a n/a 1-hour 10.0 10.0 n/a n/a

32. Longer averaging period such as 1-year as shown in Table II.1 is more applicable to assessing impacts from multiple as well as regional sources; while shorter averaging periods such as 24-hour and 1-hour are more applicable to assessing short term impacts from project related activities, such as from peak hour traffic or daily or peak construction activities.

7 World Bank Group. 2007. Environmental, health and safety guidelines - General EHS guidelines. Washington D.C. 8 World Health Organization. 2005. WHO air quality guidelines global update 2005. Report on a Working Group

meeting, Bonn, Germany, 18-20 October 2005. 9 World Bank Group 2007, ibid.

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33. Comparing the PRC’s GB 3095-1996 Class II standards with the World Bank Group’s EHS standards, Table II.1 shows that the PRC’s 24-hour SO2 standard (0.15 mg/m3) is higher than the upper limit of World Bank Group’s interim standard (0.125 mg/m3); 1-hour NO2 standard (0.24 mg/m3) is higher than the World Bank Group’s guideline standard (0.200 mg/m3); and 24-hour PM10 standard (0.15 mg/m3) is the same as the upper limit of the World Bank Group’s interim standard. 34. When GB 3095-2012 replaces GB3095-1996 on January 1, 2016, Class II standards of 24-hour SO2 (0.15 mg/m3) and PM2.5 (0.15 mg/m3) are higher than the upper limit of the World Bank Group’s interim standards (0.125 mg/m3 and 0.075 mg/m3 respectively); while 24-hour PM10 (0.15 mg/m3) and 1-hour NO2 (0.20 mg/m3) are the same as the upper limit of the World Bank Group’s upper limit of interim standard and guideline standard, respectively. 35. Noise. According to the Technical Specifications to Determine the Suitable Areas for Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB/T 15190-94), the area within 200 m on both sides of road or road junction should comply with the corresponding provisions in Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB 3096-2008). GB 3096-2008 categorizes five functional areas based on their tolerance to noise pollution: from Category 0 to Category 4. Category 0 is for areas with convalescent facilities that are the least tolerant to noisy environments and therefore have the most stringent day and night time noise standards. Category 1 is for areas predominated by residential areas, hospitals and clinics, educational institutions and research centers. Category 2 is for areas with mixed residential and commercial functions. Category 3 is for areas with industrial production and storage and logistics functions. Category 4 is for regions adjacent to traffic noise sources such as major roads and highways, and is subdivided into 4a and 4b with the former applicable to road and marine traffic noise and the latter applicable to rail noise. Standards for various functional area categories and are compared with the World Bank Group’s EHS guidelines as listed in Table II.2. This shows that the World Bank Group has lower noise limits for residential, commercial and industrial mixed areas but higher noise limits for industrial areas and night time noise near trunk roads.

Table II.2: Environmental quality standards for noise (Equivalent Sound Level: LAeq: dB)

Noise Functional Area Category

Applicable Area GB 3096-2008

Standards World Bank Group EHS10

Day Night Day Night

0 Areas needing extreme quiet, such as convalescence areas

50 40

55 45 1

Area mainly for residence, cultural and educational institutions

55 45

2 Residential, commercial and industrial mixed area 60 50 3 Industrial area 65 55

70 70 4a Area on both sides of urban road traffic trunk line 70 55

Note: Functional Area 4 is divided into 4a for trunk roads and 4b for railway lines. 36. Surface Water Quality. For water quality assessment, the determining standard is PRC’s Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002). It defines five water quality categories for different environmental functions. Category I is the best, suitable for head waters and National Nature Reserves. Category II is suitable for drinking water sources in Class I protection areas, habitats for rare aquatic organisms, breeding grounds for fish and crustaceans and feeding grounds for juvenile fish. Category III is suitable for drinking water sources in Class II protection areas, wintering grounds for fish and crustaceans, migration

10 World Bank Group 2007, ibid.

12

routes, water bodies for aquaculture and capture fishery, and swimming activities. Category IV is suitable for general industrial use and non-contact recreational activities. Category V is the worst which is only suitable for agricultural and scenic water uses. This standard is set out in Table II.3. The Category IV standard is the minimum required runoff standard for road construction and operation in an urban environment. There is no EHS guideline or target for water quality in this context.

Table II.3: Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (Unit: mg/l)

GB 3838-2002 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Permanganate

index (IMn)

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH3-N)

Category I 90% saturation or ≥7.5 ≤2 ≤3 ≤15 ≤0.15 Category II ≥6 ≤4 ≤3 ≤15 ≤0.5 Category III ≥5 ≤6 ≤4 ≤20 ≤1.0 Category IV ≥3 ≤10 ≤6 ≤30 ≤1.5 Category V ≥2 ≤15 ≤10 ≤40 ≤2.0

37. Evaluation Standards for the Project. The following PRC evaluation standards were adopted for this Project in the domestic EIR in accordance with the requirements set forth by the Yichang EPB (Table II.4).

Table II.4: PRC Evaluation Standards Adopted for this Project Environmental Parameter

PRC Evaluation Standard Remark

Ambient air quality

Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-1996) and its revision Class II standard

Daily average: TSP: 0.30 mg/m3 PM10: 0.15 mg/m3 NO2: 0.12 mg/m3 CO: 4.0 mg/m3

Hourly average: NO2: 0.24 mg/m3 CO: 10.0 mg/m3

Construction air pollutant emission

Air Pollutant Integrated Emission Standard (GB 16297-1996)

Maximum allowable emission concentration: Particulate matter (PM): 120 mg/m3 Fumes from asphalt plant: 40 mg/m3 during production and 75 mg/m3 during mixing

Limits for fugitive emission: PM: ≤1.0 mg/m3 at construction site boundary Fumes from asphalt plant: no obvious emission at asphalt production plant

Environmental noise

Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB 3096-2008): Function Area Category 4a for areas within

35 m from the road redline Functional Area Category 2 for areas

between 35 m to 200 m from the road redline

Functional Area 4a: Day time: 70 dB(A) Night time: 55 dB(A)

Functional Area 2: Day time: 60 dB(A) Night time: 50 dB(A)

Construction noise

Emission Standard of Environmental Noise for Boundary of Construction Site (GB 12523-2011)

Noise level at construction site boundary: Day time: 70 dB(A) Night time: 55 dB(A)

13

Environmental Parameter

PRC Evaluation Standard Remark

Surface water quality

Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002): Category III standard for Hou River,

Damaoerchong and Xiaomaoerchong dammed ponds, Changlinggang Reservori

Category IV for Bolin River

See Table II.3

Wastewater discharge

Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996)

Discharge into Category III water body: COD: ≤100 mg/l BOD5: ≤20 mg/l SS: ≤70 mg/l TPH: ≤5 mg/l NH3-N: ≤15 mg/l

Discharge into Category IV water body COD: ≤150 mg/l BOD5: ≤30 mg/l SS: ≤150 mg/l TPH: ≤10 mg/l NH3-N: ≤25 mg/l

Source: Draft EIR.

E. Assessment Areas and Sensitive Receptors

38. Assessment Areas. The project area of influence, or assessment areas, for air, noise, surface water and ecological impacts are defined by the technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment in the PRC, based on the environmental sensitivity of the project areas and the nature of the project and its components. The domestic EIR followed these guidelines in defining the assessment areas. The assessment areas for various environmental aspects of the project areas are shown in Table II.5, with the physical cultural resource, occupational health and safety, and community health and safety assessment areas added for this EIA.

Table II.5: Assessment Areas Environmental Aspect Assessment Area Air quality Within 200m on both sides from the road center line Noise Within 200m on both sides from the road center line Surface water quality I. Within 200m on both sides from the road center line.

II. Hou River and Bolin River: 100 m upstream to 1000 m downstream of the road bridge crossing.

III. Damaoerchong dammed pond IV. Xiaomaoerchaong dammed pond

Ground water quality Ground water aquifer at the tunneling locations Ecology Within 300m on both sides from the road center line Physical cultural resource Construction footprint Occupational health & safety Construction footprint Community health & safety Within 200m on both sides from the road red11 line

Source: Draft EIR. 39. Sensitive Receptors. The Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor will be constructed on the following existing roads: Yixing Avenue, Xiazhou Road, Sanxia Road, Ganghong Road, Yemingzhu Road, Dongshan Avenue and Juchang Road. These roads are lined with existing

11 The red line refers to the edge of the project road/alignment.

14

road side buildings as illustrated in Figures II.1 to II.4 that are air quality and noise sensitive receptors. The EIR has identified 150 existing air quality and noise sensitive receptors along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor (Table II.6).

Figure II.1: View of Yixing Avenue

Figure II.2: View of Yemingzhu Road

Figure II.3: View of Dongshan Avenue Figure II.4: View of Juchang Road

15

Table II.6: Existing Air Quality and Noise Sensitive Receptors along the Dongshan Avenue Alignment

No. Name of Road

Location Chainage

Distance (m) from Road

Type No. of

Households Air Quality Category

Noise Functional

Region Center Line

Red Line

1 Yi

xing

Ave

nue Hongjian Aluminum Co. YXK4+661~YXK5+120 12 0 dormitory 32 II 4a

2 Huangjin Community 1st row YXK4+661~YXK5+120 12 0 residential 107 II 4a 3 Yiling District Prosecutor Office YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 office 400 staff II 4a 4 Yixing #9 Lane YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 residential 52 II 4a 5 Xingang Community YXK3+040~YXK4+661 24 12 residential 72 II 4a 6 Xiaoxita #6 Primary School YXK3+040~YXK4+661 24 12 school 300 people II 4a 7 Agriculture Machinery Co. YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 dormitory 30 II 4a 8 Jinfengchaoyang Community YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 residential 36 II 4a 9 Minsheng Water Supply Co. YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 office 50 staff II 4a

10 Hanchengyinxiang Community YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 residential 30 II 4a 11 Xiaoxita Community Clinic YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 hospital 45 beds II 4a

12 Yiling Livestock Veterinary Bureau

YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 office 24 II 4a

13 Xingcheng Garden YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 residential 40 II 4a 14 Xinyingxiang Community YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 residential 112 II 4a 15 Yiling District Security Bureau YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 office 100 staff II 4a 16 Yiling District Finance Bureau YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 office 150 staff II 4a

17 Yiling District Disease Prevention Center

YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 office 200 staff II 4a

18 Chengjian Kindergarten YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 school 200 people II 4a 19 Donghu High School YXK3+040~YXK4+661 87 75 school 1800 people II 2 20 Yixing Avenue No. 93 YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 residential 24 II 4a

21 Yiling District Culture & Sports Bureau


22 Yiling Urban & Rural Construction Bureau


23 Electricity Bureau YXK3+040~YXK4+661 12 0 dormitory 24 II 4a 24 Yixing Avenue No. 102 YXK2+970~YXK3+040 12 0 residential 36 II 4a

25 Yiling District Government Building

YXK2+751~YXK2+821 97 87 office 300 staff II 2

26 Yiling District Merchants Bureau


27 Yiling District Union for the Handicapped


28 Yixing Avenue No. 96 YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0 residential 24 II 4a 29 Yixing Avenue No. 39 YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0 residential 16 II 4a 30 Yixing Avenue No. 60 YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0 residential 60 II 4a

31 Hubei Yichang Geological Survey Team


32 Transport Bureau YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0 office 230 staff II 4a 33 Yiling District Court YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0 office 250 staff II 4a

34 Labor & Social Safeguard Bureau


35 Yixing Avenue No. 29 YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0 residential 20 II 4a 36 Xing’an Community YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0 residential 20 II 4a

37 Yiling District Highways Management Bureau


38 Yixing Avenue No. 25 YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0 residential 12 II 4a 39 Changjiang Hospital YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0 hospital 100 beds II 4a

40 Yixing Avenue No. 28 1st row

YXK1+303~YXK2+821 12 0

residential 40 II 4a

Yixing Avenue No. 28 2nd row 52 42 40 II 2 41 Anwang Garden YXK1+209~YXK1+268 18 0 residential 336 II 4a

42

Xiaz

hou

Roa

d

Wanfujiayuan YXK1+209~XZK0+230 17.5 0 residential 108 II 4a

43

Sanx

i a R

oad Fengjiawan SXK0+000~SXK0+215 17.5 0 residential 64 II 4a

44 Yangguang Hospital SXK0+000 17.5 0 hospital 20 rooms II 4a 45 Xiangshanfenghuangcheng SXK0+000~SXK0+215 17.5 0 residential 30 II 4a

16

No. Name of Road

Location Chainage


Type No. of


Noise Functional

Region Center Line

Red Line

46 Xiangshan Garden SXK0+215~SXK0+691 17.5 0 residential 64 II 4a 47 Changhewan SXK0+691~SXK0+942 17.5 0 residential 144 II 4a 48 Sanxia Middle School SXK0+977~SXK1+055 17.5 0 school 5000 people II 4a 49 Sanxia Middle School SXK1+055~SXK1+090 17.5 0 dormitory 14 II 4a

50 Wangjiang Garden (under construction)

SXK1+090~SXK1+328 17.5 0 residential Under

construction II 4a

51 Jiawang Binhu International SXK1+090~SXK1+328 27.5 10 residential 336 II 4a 52 Pinghuyucai Kindergarten SXK1+090~SXK1+328 32.5 15 school 200 people II 4a

53 Pinghutianxia SXK1+090~SXK1+328 42.5 25 residential 336 II 4a

54

Hon

ggan

g R

d

Honggang Road No. 6-2 HGK0+396~HGK0+744 20 0 residential 4 II 4a

55 Honggang Road No. 4-2 HGK0+396~HGK0+744 20 0 residential 20 II 4a

56

Yem

ingz

hu R

oad China Marine Affairs K0+000~K0+226 18 0 office 120 staff II 4a

57 Gezhouba Central Hospital K1+700~K2+383 38 20 dormitory 112 II 4a 58 Gezhouba Central Hospital K2+383~ K2+567 70 52 hospital 1000 beds II 2 59 Yemingzhu Road No. 51 K2+383~ K2+567 18 0 residential 2 II 4a 60 Yemingzhu Road No. 46 K2+383~ K2+567 18 0 residential 28 II 4a 61 Yemingzhu Road No. 43 K2+874~ K3+124 18 0 residential 14 II 4a 62 Yemingzhu Road No. 30 K2+874~ K3+124 18 0 residential 14 II 4a 63 Yemingzhu Road No. 32 K2+874~ K3+124 18 0 residential 14 II 4a

64 Mingzhushanzhuang 1st row

K2+383~ K2+567 18 0 residential 102 II 4a

Mingzhushanzhuang 2nd row 58 40 residential 56 II 2 65 Gezhouba No. 5 Company K3+124~ K3+267 23 5 dormitory 28 II 4a 66 Gezhouba No. 5 Company K3+267~ K3+571 68 50 office 300 staff II 2 67 Yichang No. 24 Middle School K3+267~ K3+632 138 120 school 1000 people II 2 68 Yemingzhu Road No. 29 K3+410~K3+571 18 0 residential 10 II 4a 69 Yemingzhu Road No. 27 K3+571~ K3+623 18 0 residential 10 II 4a 70 Yemingzhu Road No. 21 K3+623~ K3+694 18 0 residential 16 II 4a 71 Yemingzhu Road No. 28 K3+783~ K3+872 20 2 residential 66 II 4a 72 Zhenjinghuayuan K3+872~K4+351 68 50 residential 28 II 2

73 Gezhouba Experimental Primary School

K3+872~K4+351 68 50 school 500 people II 2

74

Don

gsha

n Av

enue

Gezhouba Company DSK0+000~DSK0+206 20 0 dormitory 56 II 4a 75 Qingjiang Community DSK0+206~DSK0+967 20 0 residential 70 II 4a 76 Gezhouba Company DSK0+206~DSK0+967 25 5 office 1000 staff II 4a 77 Jiguan Building DSK0+206~DSK0+300 20 0 office 200 people II 4a 78 Xindaoguoji Community DSK0+300~DSK0+967 30 10 residential 120 II 4a 79 Old Railway Bureau DSK0+300~DSK0+967 20 0 dormitory 56 II 4a 80 Dongshan Avenue No. 24 DSK0+300~DSK0+967 20 0 residential 196 II 4a 81 Yichang No. 22 Middle School DSK0+300~DSK0+967 20 0 school 500 people II 4a 82 Zhuyuan Community DSK0+967~DSK1+589 20 0 residential 112 II 4a

83 Yichang Foreign Language Experimental Primary School

DSK0+967~DSK1+589 20 0 school 500 people II 4a

84 No. 7 Company DSK0+967~DSK1+589 20 0 dormitory 56 II 4a

85 Sanxia Development Co. Headquarters

DSK0+967~DSK1+589 20 0 office &

dormitory 300 staff &

140 hh II 4a

86 Changjiang Hospital DSK1+589~DSK1+737 20 0 hospital 50 rooms II 4a 87 Jindihuacheng DSK1+589~DSK1+737 20 0 residential 232 II 4a 88 Electronic Tube Factory DSK1+589~DSK1+737 20 0 dormitory 12 II 4a 89 Dushijiayuan DSK1+737~DSK3+008 30 10 residential 192 II 4a 90 Xiling District StateTax Bureau DSK1+737~DSK3+008 30 10 office 300 staff II 4a 91 Wanjiaxinfu Garden DSK1+737~DSK3+008 30 10 residential 248 II 4a 92 Dongshan Avenue No. 117 DSK3+053~DSK3+107 25 0 residential 36 II 4a 93 Dongshan Avenue No. 123 DSK3+152~DSK3+370 25 0 residential 8 II 4a 94 Dongshan Avenue No. 125 DSK3+152~DSK3+370 25 0 residential 10 II 4a 95 Dongshan Avenue No. 129 DSK3+370~DSK3+660 25 0 residential 14 II 4a 96 Dongshan Avenue No. 130 DSK3+152~DSK3+370 25 0 residential 128 II 4a 97 Sanxia Commercial DSK3+152~DSK3+370 25 0 dormitory 44 II 4a

17

No. Name of Road

Location Chainage


Type No. of


Noise Functional

Region Center Line

Red Line

Newspaper

98 Tianciguangchang Community

DSK3+370~DSK3+600 35 10 residential 68 II 4a

99 Dongshan Avenue No. 140 DSK3+600~DSK3+843 20 0 residential 39 II 4a

100 Dongshan Avenue No. 141 DSK3+600~DSK3+843 24 4 residential 12 II 4a 101 Dongshan Avenue No. 143 DSK3+600~DSK3+843 24 4 residential 12 II 4a

102

Ziyoukongjian Community 1st row

DSK3+600~DSK3+843 20 0

residential 36 II 4a

Ziyoukongjian Community 2nd row

65 45 36 II 2

103 Dongshan Avenue No. 146 DSK3+600~DSK3+843 20 0 residential 36 II 4a 104 Yichang No. 14 Middle School DSK3+600~DSK3+843 20 0 school 500 people II 4a 105 Dongshan Avenue No. 153 DSK4+006~DSK4+184 20 0 residential 24 II 4a 106 Dongshan Avenue No. 154 DSK4+006~DSK4+184 20 0 residential 24 II 4a 107 Dongshan Avenue No. 155 DSK4+006~DSK4+184 20 0 residential 24 II 4a 108 Dongshan Avenue No. 160 DSK3+843~DSK4+006 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 109 Dongshan Avenue No. 162 DSK4+006~DSK4+184 20 0 residential 64 II 4a 110 Dongfang Women’s Hospital DSK4+006~DSK4+184 20 0 hospital 80 beds II 4a 111 Shengli 3rd Road No. 18-20 DSK4+184~DSK4+384 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 112 Shengli 3rd Road No. 18-27 DSK4+184~DSK4+384 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 113 Shengli 3rd Road No. 18-25 DSK4+184~DSK4+384 30 10 residential 24 II 4a 114 Dongshan Avenue No. 168 DSK4+184~DSK4+384 20 0 residential 28 II 4a

115 Old Television Broadcasting University

DSK4+184~DSK4+384 20 0 school 500 people II 4a

116 Dongshan Primary School DSK4+384~DSK4+637 98 78 school 300 people II 2 117 Dongshan Avenue No. 167 DSK4+637~DSK4+837 20 0 residential 24 II 4a 118 Dongshan Avenue No. 171 DSK4+637~DSK4+837 20 0 residential 64 II 4a 119 Dongshan Avenue No. 178 DSK4+637~DSK4+837 20 0 residential 36 II 4a 120 Yichang Central Hospital DSK4+637~DSK4+837 30 10 hospital 20 beds II 4a 121 Yichang Changhang Hospital DSK4+837~DSK5+108 25 5 hospital 50 beds II 4a 122 Dongshan Avenue No. 188 DSK4+837~DSK5+108 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 123 Dongshan Avenue No. 190 DSK4+837~DSK5+108 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 124 Dongshan Avenue No. 192 DSK4+837~DSK5+108 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 125 Dongshan Avenue No. 200 DSK5+200~DSK5+338 20 0 residential 32 II 4a 126 Dongshan Avenue No. 206 DSK5+200~DSK5+338 20 0 residential 32 II 4a 127 Futaihuafu DSK5+200~DSK5+338 20 0 resdiential 120 II 4a

128 Yichang Ship Channel Engineering Bureau

DSK5+702~DSK5+907 20 0 office 200 staff II 4a


DSK5+702~DSK5+907 20 0 dormitory 96 II 4a

130 Dongshan Avenue No. 279 DSK6+086~DSK6+186 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 131 Dongshan Avenue No. 308 DSK6+186~DSK6+279 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 132 Dongshan Avenue No. 312 DSK6+186~DSK6+279 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 133 Qingqingjiayuan DSK6+086~DSK6+186 20 0 residential 112 II 4a 134 Yichang Yuancheng Company DSK6+611~DSK6+671 20 0 dormitory 28 II 4a 135 Dongshan Avenue No. 287 DSK6+611~DSK6+671 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 136 Wanjiazui Village DSK9+734~DSK10+030 20 0 residential 2 II 4a 137 Dongshan Avenue No. 378 DSK9+734~DSK10+030 20 0 residential 28 II 4a 138 Yiling Avenue No. 309 DSK9+734~DSK10+030 20 0 residential 20 II 4a 139 Wangjiahe Community DSK10+365~DSK11+104 20 0 residential 100 II 4a 140 Steel Pipe Factory DSK10+365~DSK11+104 20 0 dormitory 100 II 4a 141 Baisha’nao Community DSK10+365~DSK11+104 20 0 residential 100 II 4a 142 Resin Factory DSK10+365~DSK11+104 20 0 dormitory 100 II 4a 143 Bayi Steel Products DSK10+566~DSK11+104 20 0 dormitory 240 II 4a 144 Yichang No. 15 Middle School DSK11+104~DSK11+405 20 0 school 900 people II 4a 145 Baimashan Community DSK11+104~DSK11+632 20 0 residential 120 II 4a 146

Juch

eng

Roa

d Dushitianyuan JCK0+527~JCK0+892 25 0 residential 48 II 4a 147 Baimashan Community JCK0+527~JCK0+892 25 0 residential 56 II 4a 148 Huayan Community JCK0+891~JCK0+998 25 0 residential 256 II 4a 149 Chunhua Hospital JCK0+527~JCK0+892 25 0 hospital 150 beds II 4a 150 Xiangshanfujiuyuan (under JCK0+891~JCK0+998 25 0 residential 256 II 4a

18

No. Name of Road

Location Chainage


Type No. of


Noise Functional

Region Center Line

Red Line

construction)

Source: Draft EIR. 40. The domestic EIR has also identified 17 existing air quality and noise sensitive receptors along the proposed Dongshan 4th Road alignment (Table II.7).

Table II.7: Existing Air Quality and Noise Sensitive Receptors along the Dongshan 4th Road Alignment

No. Location Chainage

Distance (m)From Road

Type

No. of Households Within

Air Quality Category II

NoiseFunction Regions Center

Line Red Line 4a 2

1 Shiban Village K0+800~K1+280 26 10 residential 21 1 20

2 Heihushan Village Committee

K3+000~K3+240 16 0 office 10 3 7

3 Heihushan Village Group #6 K3+600~K3+900 26 10 residential 14 5 9

4 Lijiatai K5+100~K5+900 54 19 residential 18 6 125 Luojiatai K6+100~K6+560 57 22 residential 15 3 126 Meihua Village K7+280~K7+360 67 32 residential 19 0 197 Tumen Village K10+080~K10+560 38 3 residential 42 11 318 Chezhan Village K11+220~K11+960 47 12 residential 18 2 169 Lingbao Village K12+700~K12+840 28.25 16 residential 10 4 6

10 Miaowan K13+020~K13+580 18.25 6 residential 15 2 1311 Houhefan K14+280~K14+720 12.25 10 residential 3 2 1 12 Zhaojiachong K16+320~K16+760 27.25 15 residential 17 2 1513 Chenjiachong K16+860~K17+320 35.24 23 residential 20 1 19

14 Wenjiafan Village Group #7 K17+600~K17+800 32.25 20 residential 5 2 3

15 Yejiacangwu K22+260~K22+400 27.25 15 residential 10 2 816 Poyanwan K22+500~K22+640 17.25 5 residential 11 1 1017 Xianfeng Village K23+040~K23+320 24.25 12 residential 7 7 0

Source: Draft EIR. 41. Dongshan 4th Road will have bridge crossings over the Bolin River and the Hou River, and the proposed alignment will be near several water bodies. The following surface water quality sensitive receptors were identified in the domestic EIR (Table II.8). Figure II.5 shows a photo of the Xiaomaoerchong dammed pond. Table II.8: Surface Water Quality Sensitive Receptors along the Dongshan 4th Road Alignment

No. Location Chainage Shortest

Distance to road alignment

GB 3838-2002

Category Remark

1 Damaoerchong dammed pond

K1+600~K1+740 12 m III

No centralized drinking water intake within the assessment areas

2 Xiaomaoerchong dammed pond

K2+580~K2+660 32 m III

3 Changlinggang Reservoir K19+720~K20+180 35 m III 4 Bolin River K12+270~K12+550 Over Bolin River IV

5 Hou River

Houhe Bridge K14+110~K14+270 Over Hou River III

Panjiagou Bridge K14+660~K14+900 Source: Draft EIR.

19

Figure II.5: View of Xiaomaoerchong Dammed Pond

F. Assessment Period

42. The duration of impacts assessed in this report covers the construction and operational phases of the Project. 43. The construction phase for the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor will be approximately 16 months, assuming starting in May 2013 and completing in August 2014. The construction phase for the Dongshan 4th Road will be approximately 36 months, assuming starting in May 2013 and completing in April 2016. 44. 1.The assessment period for operational stage for both roads will cover up to year 2030 based on traffic volume forecast.

20

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

A. Project Rationale

45. Background. The project proposes: (i) road reconstruction and installation of bus rapid transit (BRT) corridor (23.64 km) including the establishment of BRT services and the support for non-motorized transport (NMT) and travel demand management (TDM) in Yichang central business district (CBD) through parking management; and (ii) construction of two road sections (23.354 km) to support logistics park development and to accommodate increasing pass-dam transshipment demand. 46. Yichang is a prefecture-level city located in Hubei province of the PRC. It is the second largest city in Hubei province after Wuhan, the provincial capital that is located approximately 325 km to the east. Yichang has a population of 4.15 million with an urban population of 1.34 million. Yichang includes both an urban area and surrounding countryside. It covers 21,084 km2 in western Hubei province, on both sides of the Chang Jiang (Yangtze) River. The municipal government has jurisdiction over five counties (Yuan’an, Xingshan, Zigui, Changyang and Wufeng), five urban districts (Yiling, Xiling, Dianjun, Wujiagang and Xiaoting), and three satellite county level cities (Yidu, Dangyang, Zhijiang). 47. Urban Transport. The current urbanization rate is 32.2% and the motorization rate is 118 vehicles per 1,000 residents. The number of vehicles increased 14.7% from 2007 to 2008, compared with an increase in GDP per capita of 14.6%. Yichang City has developed along the river bank in a linear form following the narrow river valley which runs east-west, contained between steep terrain and the Yangtze River. The main road thoroughfare along the south bank is Jiangnan Avenue, built to highway standard in the 1990s. There are several main roads serving traffic on the north bank of the river. The roads in the city center are well maintained and managed; some intersections are also well managed, using traffic islands and shelters for pedestrians waiting to cross. Bicycles are not very widely used at present and there are no bicycle lanes. Motorcycles are also not widely used. Parked vehicles have become a problem interfering with traffic flow in front of large buildings and obstructing pedestrians. 48. Yichang’s urban road network development has been constrained by the river and the mountains. Private vehicles and buses are concentrated within the limited road network along a single corridor. The modal share of public transport is 25%, and is mainly comprised of bus passengers in the CBD area. Short sections of bus lanes are installed on the curb side, but operational efficiency is very low due to conflicts with private vehicles using bus lanes for stopping and turning. The city requires improvement to urban transport services to resolve existing transport problems and to accommodate future growth in travel demand in a sustainable way. 49. Multi-modal Logistics Hub. Yichang has long been a major inland waterway port and distribution center for goods, serving as the economic hub of western Hubei province and an intermediary between the major cities of Chongqing and Wuhan. Primary industries are shipping and shipbuilding, taking advantage of its location on the Yangtze River. Yichang prefecture is the site of two major hydroelectricity projects. The best known of these are two major dams on the Yangtze River: the Gezhouba Dam, located just upstream of Yichang central city, and Three Gorges Dam, which is 40 km upstream.

21

50. Yichang is served by road, rail, bus services and river transport. It has good national highway connections to other cities (including the National Highway 318, Shanghai–Chongqing Highway, Yichang–Huangshi Highway, and Jingzhou–Yichang Highway). The Wuhan–Yichang portion of the Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu high speed railway corridor12 is in service at the newly built “Yichang East Rail Station” which provides multi-model transport interchange with the also newly built provincial bus terminal beside the new railway station. Provincial bus services also provide connections to passenger ferry terminals on the Yangtze River, the PRC’s busiest inland waterway, which passes through Yichang City. In 2010 inland waterway services on the river carried 90 million tons of transshipment freight traffic. 51. In May 2010, the Comprehensive Transportation Study Office of the State Planning and Reform Commission completed the Development Plan for the Three Gorges Modern Logistics Center. The plan includes nine logistics park areas and an urban distribution center in Yichang (including Huayan Comprehensive Logistics Park Area, Taipingxi Logistics Park Area, Maoping Logistics Park Area, Yunchi Logistics Park Area, Honghuatao Logistics Park Area, and Three Gorges Airport Logistics Park Area). The logistics parks are being developed to support the development of the Three Gorges Logistics Center and to enhance logistics operational capacity by creating an efficient multi-modal logistics network through ports, railway, roads and the airport. 52. According to traffic projections prepared in 2010 by the Three Gorges Shipping Topic Group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, bi-directional passing freight volume of Three Gorges ship lock will reach 185 million tons in 2020 and 248 million tons in 2030. This estimated freight demand will increase the pass-dam transshipment demand from 12.4 million tons in 2010 to 85 million tons in 2020 and 148 million tons in 2030. In the next 10 to 15 years, the proportion of pass-dam transshipment is expected to exceed 50% of the total freight passing volume at Three Gorges Dam and Gezhouba Dam. Pass-dam transshipment has become a key component of Three Gorges shipment. 53. Transport Challenges. Yichang is facing two main transport challenges. The first challenge is to develop its transport system to support urban and industrial development in a sustainable way. The main districts, industrial sites, stations, and terminals need to be served by efficient public transport services to reduce transport cost, provide increased accessibility to jobs and services, and promote economic development. Currently, bus services have no lane priority and the route structure is not adequately serving the city. The second challenge is to enhance the logistics hub function of Yichang by providing efficient accessibility to the logistic parks being developed in the city, and provide means of meeting the increasing demand for pass-dam transshipment. An efficient logistics hub function and increased pass-dam transshipment capacity will decrease logistics costs and environmental costs around the region by enabling increased use of inland waterways. 54. Project Benefits. The Project will provide a sustainable and efficient transport system for public transport and logistics, with increased modal share for public transport, decreased pedestrian accident risk, and increased efficiency of Yichang’s multi-modal logistics hub. The proposed BRT system can serve a demonstration role, with the prospect of later being extended to other corridors in the city. An efficient public transport system will reduce the costs of transport (time and financial) in serving the major districts, industrial sites, transport hubs and provide better accessibility to employment and services in the city. An efficient transport network which provides good accessibility to the various logistics parks

12 The Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu high speed railway corridor is expected to begin service by the end of 2012.

The Shanghai–Nanjing, Nanjing–Hefei, Hefei–Wuhan, Chongqing-–Suining, and Suining–Chengdu sections came into operation in 2010. The Wuhan–Yichang section came into operation in 2012. The Yichang–Lichuan–Chongqing section is scheduled for completion in 2012.

22

will optimize the costs involved and the capacity for pass-dam transshipment and support the multi-modal logistics center. The Project will provide Yichang with an improved sustainable and convenient urban transport and efficient logistics systems. 55. The Project will improve public transport services by introducing a BRT system along the main corridor of the city and develop NMT and TDM measures along this corridor to provide safe and convenient access to public transport and introduce parking management along the main corridor running through the CBD area. According to the FSR, the number of passengers using the BRT daily will increase from 255,600 in 2014 to 506,100 in 2028. The BRT corridor will connect main districts of the city with the newly built high speed railway station and the logistics parks. The project will improve the road network to accommodate redistributed vehicle traffic from the city’s main corridor after BRT installation. The Dongshan 4th Road will provide additional capacity and direct connectivity among the existing Class I highways for through traffic generated by the logistic parks and pass-dam transshipment. Figure III.1 compares the traffic conditions of the road network in Yichang in 2030 with and without Dongshan 4th Road, showing that traffic congestion in the city (without Dongshan 4th Road scenario) would be alleviated to below saturated level by redistributing traffic to Dongshan 4th Road. Traffic condition on the major roads in the city center area would be improved considerably.

Without Dongshan 4th Road With Dongshan 4th Road

Figure III.1: Year 2030 road network traffic flow 56. Table III.1 further compares traffic volumes in 2030 on the BRT corridor under 3 scenarios: (1) without BRT and Dongshan 4th Road (no build), (2) with Dongshan 4th Road but no BRT, and (3) with both Dongshan 4th Road and BRT. Data in Table III.1 shows that despite natural traffic volume increase, most sections along the BRT corridor would experience reduced traffic volume with the construction of Dongshan 4th Road even without the provison of BRT, indicating that Dongshan 4th Road would re-distribute traffic from the BRT corridor, especially heavy trucks. With the provision of BRT and the construction of

Dongshan 4th Road

23

Dongshan 4th Road, traffic volume on most of the sections along the BRT corridor would further be reduced. The domestic EIR has estimated that the reduction in traffic volume on the BRT corridor could result in a traffic noise reduction of up to 2 db(A) at the sensitive receptors along the BRT corridor.

Table III.1: Comparison of year 2030 traffic volume on the BRT corridor

Road Section Vehicle Type

Daily Two Way Traffic Volume

No Build With Dongshan 4th Road but no

BRT

With Both Dongshan 4th Road & BRT

Fazhan Avenue – Shuanghong Avenue

Car 19888 19816 19624 Heavy Truck 576 528 528 Light Truck 528 542 542 Bus 2293 2293 2293

Shuanghong Avenue – Dongshan 4th Road


Dongshan 4th Road – Xiazhou Road


Ganghong Road – Yizi Road


Huanghe Road – Shiziling Road


Donghu 1st Road – Xiling 2nd Road


Xiling 2nd Road – Yunji Road


Shengli 3rd Road – Jucheng Road


Source: PPTA consultant

57. Impact, Outcome and Output. The expected impact of the project is a sustainable and convenient urban transport and efficient logistics systems built in Yichang city. 58. The expected outcome of the project is the provision of a sustainable and efficient transport system for public transport and logistics, with increased modal share for public transport, decreased pedestrian accident risk, and increased efficiency of Yichang’s multi-modal logistics hub. The proposed BRT system can serve a demonstration role, with the prospect of later being extended to other corridors in the city. 59. The project outputs are (i) a 23.91 km Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor including BRT depots, improved provision for pedestrian and bicycles facilities, and establishment of a parking management plan for the CBD area and other TDM measures; (ii) a new 23.354 km long Dongshan 4th Road, an urban trunk road designed to expressway standard.

B. Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor

60. The 23.91 km long Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor starts from the Yiling Passenger Station in Yiling District extending along the Yixing Avenue–Xiazhou Road–Sanxia Road–Ganghong Road–Yemingzhu Road–Dongshan Avenue–Jucheng Road, and reaches the

24

Yichang East Rail Station to the south. It connects the main urban Yiling, Xiling and Wujiagang Districts, and new logistics and industrial park. BRT depots will also be constructed at the end of the BRT route. Engineering works will mainly involve the widening and re-paving of existing roads, and construction of the BRT stops. Improved provision for pedestrian and bicycle facilities will be implemented along the BRT corridor to support operation. To complement the proposed BRT output, a parking management plan for the CBD area and other TDM measures will be established. Figure III.2 shows the alignment of the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor.

Figure III.2:Alignment of the Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor 61. Table III.2 shows the existing conditions of the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and Table III.3 shows the technical indicators for the proposed BRT corridor.

Table III.2: Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor Existing Road Condition

Name of Road Length

(km) Width

(m)

Design Speed (km/h)

No. of Lanes

Road Class

Yixing Avenue (Yiling Passenger Station ~ Xiazhou Road)

3.96 24 26 Dual 2

Urban trunk road

Xiazhou Road (Yixing Avenue ~ Sanxia Road) 0.23 36 26 Dual 2 Sanxia Road (Xiazhou Road ~ Honggang Road) 1.33 36 26 Dual 2 Honggang Road (Sanxia Road ~ Yemingzhu Road) 0.74 36 26 Dual 2 Yemingzhu Road (Honggang Road ~ Dongshan Ave)

4.35 25 ~ 36 26 Dual 2

Dongshan Avenue (Yemingzhu Road ~ Baisha Road)

11.63 40 ~ 50 26 Dual 2

Jucheng Road (Dongshan Avenue ~ Chengdong Avenue)

1.67 50 26 Dual 3

Total 23.91Source: Draft EIR.

Table III.3: Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor Major Engineering Indicators Item Indicator Road class Urban trunk road Road length 23.96 km BRT corridor width 3.5 m BRT stop dimensions 50 m long x 5 m wide Average distance between BRT stops 620 m No. of BRT stops 38 Average stopping time at BRT stop 5 – 10 s Average acceleration and deceleration time for BRT leaving and entering each stop

13 s

Average time for opening BRT doors 25 s

Yichang East Rail

Station Yiling Passenger Station

25

Source: Draft EIR. 62. As indicated in Table III.3, there will be 38 BRT stops along the corridor spaced at approximately 620 m apart. Their locations are shown in Figure III.3.

Figure III.3: Distribution of BRT Stops along the Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor 63. Traffic Volume Forecast. Present traffic volumes on Dongshan Avenue in 2012 based on modeling results are shown in Table III.4. Traffic volume forecasts on the roads that will accommodate the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor are provided in Table III.5 below, showing two-way traffic volumes during peak hour without the BRT buses. Table III.6 shows the BRT two-way traffic volume forecast during peak hour.

Table III.4: Dongshan Avenue 2012 Traffic Volume during Peak Hour

Road Section

Two Way Traffic Volume of Vehicle Types in No. of Vehicles during Peak Hour

Small Mid-size Heavy Total Speed (km/h)

Fazhan Avenue – Shuanghong Avenue 1058 68 11 1137 59 Shuanghong Avenue – Yemingzhu Road 1563 105 44 1712 59 Yemingzhu Road – Chaoyang Road 2064 358 140 2562 44 Chaoyang Road – Huanghe Road 2031 375 230 2636 42 Huanghe Road – Shiziling Road 2453 82 57 2592 45 Shiziling Road – Donghu 1st Road 1346 85 36 1467 49 Donghu 1st Road – Xiling 1st Road 2585 64 10 2659 46 Xiling 1st Road – Shengli 4th Road 3410 69 13 3492 28

26

Road Section


Small Mid-size Heavy Total Speed (km/h)

Shengli 4th Road – Gangyao Road 2426 88 13 2527 46 Gangyao Road – Baisha Road 1612 108 18 1737 48 Note: Small: <3.5 t; Mid-size: 3.5-12t; Heavy: >12t Source: PPTA consultant Table III.5: Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor Peak Hour Traffic Volume Forecast (Without BRT)

Road Section


Year 2018 Year 2030

Small Mid-size

Heavy All Small Mid-size

Heavy All

Fazhan Ave – Shuanghong Ave

2364 225 3 2592 2387 53 35 2475

Vehicle speed (km/h) 52 41 Shuanghong Ave – Dongshan 4th Rd

1991 204 1 2196 2786 142 12 2940

Vehicle speed (km/h) 55 37 Dongshan 4th Road – Xiazhou Road

3636 212 0 3848 4297 142 52 4492

Vehicle speed (km/h) 41 23 Xiazhou Road – Ganghong Road

2653 145 0 2798 1519 70 51 1640

Vehicle speed (km/h) 50 47 Ganghong Road – Yizi Road 1678 203 0 1881 1832 104 2 1938

Vehicle speed (km/h) 40 45 Yizi Road – Huanghe Road 2578 373 0 2951 2692 120 2 2814

Vehicle speed (km/h) 25 39 Huanghe Road – Shiziling Road

2978 416 1 3395 2191 86 2 2279

Vehicle speed (km/h) 20 43 Shiziling Road – Donghu 1st Road

1452 194 0 1646 2744 131 2 2877

Vehicle speed (km/h) 42 38 Donghu 1st Road – Xiling 2nd Road

2100 248 0 2348 3792 163 2 3957

Vehicle speed (km/h) 36 28 Xiling 2nd Road – Yunji Road 3093 144 0 3237 5186 117 2 5305

Vehicle speed (km/h) 15 18 Yunji Road – Shengli 4th Road

2509 141 0 2650 4443 99 2 4544

Vehicle speed (km/h) 27 24 Shengli 4th Road – Shengli 3rd Road

2638 183 0 2821 4785 112 2 4899

Vehicle speed (km/h) 27 21 Shengli 3rd Road – Jucheng Road

2632 267 4 2903 4324 91 3 4418

Vehicle speed (km/h) 25 25 Jucheng Road – Longbo Road

2456 301 0 2757 3237 278 2 3518

Vehicle speed (km/h) 27 43

Note: Ratio of day time : night time peak hour traffic = 4:1 Small: <3.5 t; Mid-size: 3.5-12t; Heavy: >12t Source: PPTA consultant.

27

Table III.6: Dongshan Avenue BRT Hourly Traffic Volume Forecast Road Section

Hourly Two Way BRT Volume

Fazhan Avenue – Shuanghong Avenue 172 Shuanghong Avenue – Dongshan 4th Road 140 Dongshan 4th Road – Xiazhou Road 157 Xiazhou Road – Ganghong Road 129 Ganghong Road – Yizi Road 104 Yizi Road – Huanghe Road 147 Huanghe Road – Shiziling Road 140 Shiziling Road – Donghu 1st Road 221 Donghu 1st Road – Xiling 2nd Road 177 Xiling 2nd Road – Yunji Road 165 Yunji Road – Shengli 4th Road 228 Shengli 4th Road – Shengli 3rd Road 244 Shengli 3rd Road – Jucheng Road 186 Jucheng Road – Longbo Road 109

Source: PPTA consultant. 64. Layout and Cross Section of the BRT Corridor. The BRT corridor will occupy the middle of the roads as shown in Figure III.4, with the layout of the BRT stops shown in Figure III.5. Figure III.6 shows the cross sections of roads with and without (existing condition) the BRT corridor. Lanes are provided for non-motorized vehicles, mainly cycle traffic, and pedestrians from the safety point of view. These lanes also provide, to some extent, environmental and public health buffer between the road traffic and road side developments.

Figure III.4: Layout of the BRT Corridor

Figure III.5: Layout Of BRT Stops

28

Yixing Avenue now

Yixing Avenue with BRT corridor and stop

Xiazhou Road now

Xiazhou Road with BRT corridor

Sanxia Road now

Sanxia Road with BRT corridor

Yemingzhu Road now Yemingzhu Road with BRT corridor and stop

Dongshan Avenue now (Yemingzhu Rd – Xiling 2nd

Road)

Dongshan Avenue with BRT corridor and stop

Dongshan Avenue now (Xiling 1st Road – Shengli 4th Road)

Dongshan Avenue with BRT corridor

29

Jucheng Road now Jucheng Road with BRT corridor and stop

Figure III.6: Cross Sections of Project Roads With and Without the BRT Corridor 65. Pavement. Asphalt concrete pavement has been selected over cement concrete pavement because it is relatively easy to be applied and repaired. In addition, it reduces road traffic noise in comparison with rigid concrete pavement. The proposed pavement structure designs are adequate in meeting the projected traffic loading. 66. The existing pavement will be removed. This quantity has been estimated to be approximately 123,700 m3. All will be recycled for use as paving materials for the BRT corridor roads. A pilot study on using the recycled materials for road paving is being funded by ADB under this Project. 67. Drainage Consideration. The existing road side drainage culverts will be used, if needed, the inspection, sedimentation and collection sumps will be modified according to the road design.

C. Dongshan 4th Road

68. Based on traffic forecasts, the western section of Dongshan 4th Road has a peak hour prediction of more than 7,500 vehicles over the heaviest section. From Fazhan Avenue to Bolinhe Road it is proposed to be a dual 3-lane urban expressway. The peak hour prediction for the eastern section from Bolinhe Road to Xianfeng Road is in the order of 3,400 to 4,000 vehicles and this section is classified as a dual 2-lane Class 1 highway with exclusive right of way for vehicles. Table III.7 shows the major engineering indicators. Figure III.7 shows the Dongshan 4th Road alignment.

Table III.7: Dongshan 4th Road Major Engineering Indicators Item IndicatorRoad class:

western section eastern section

Urban expressway Class 1 highway

Road length 23.354 km Calculated vehicle speed 80 km/h

(40 km/h on frontage road) Road width (red line)

Fazhan Ave – Zhongnan Road section Tunnel section Zhongnan Road – Dongzhan Road section Dongzhan Road – Bolinhe Road section Bolinhe Road – Xianfeng Road section

24.5 – 70 m 36.0 m 58.0 m 70.0 m 70.0 m 24.5 m

No. of bridges 8 No. of viaducts 6 No. of underpasses 2 No. of interchanges/intersections 17 No. of tunnels 2 No. of drainage culverts 8

Source: Draft EIR.

30

Figure III.7: Dongshan 4th Road Alignment 69. Traffic Volume Forecast. Traffic volume forecasts for Dongshan 4th Road are provided in Table III.8 below, showing two-way traffic volumes during peak hour. Results show decreasing number of mid-size vehicles but considerably more heavy vehicles in 2030 compared to 2018, the latter could be indicative of increasing contribution from the industrial parks as well as bypassing traffic.

Table III.8: Dongshan 4th Road Peak Hour Traffic Volume Forecast

Road Section


Year 2018 Year 2030

Small Mid-size

Heavy All Small Mid-size

Heavy All

Fazhan Avenue–Zhongnan Road 4,156 933 86 5,175 5,420 633 460 6,513 Zhongnan Road–Huaxi Avenue 4,143 990 86 5,219 6,326 741 550 7,617 Huaxi Avenue–Bolinhe Road 3,279 973 113 4,365 2,739 443 385 3,567 Bolinhe Road–Xianfeng Road 2,457 811 131 3,399 2,840 399 350 3,590

Note: Ratio of day time : night time peak hour traffic = 4:1. Source: PPTA consultant. 70. Vertical Alignment and Cross Section. Taking into account current elevations and terrain of the project area, the vertical alignment for Dongshan 4th Road is shown in Figure III.7. Figure III.8 illustrates some cross sections of Dongshan 4th Road.

West Section Fazhan Avenue – Bolinhe Road

12.212 km

East Section Bolinhe Road – Xianfeng

Road

31

Figure III.7: Vertical Alignment of Dongshan 4th Road

Western Section

Eastern Section

32

Fazhan Avenue–Zhongnan Road Section

Zhongnan Road–Dongzhan Road Section

Dongzhan Road–Bolinhe Road Section

Bolinhe Road–Xianfeng Road Section

33

Typical tunnel section

Figure III.8: Cross sections of Dongshan 4th Road 71. Bridges, Viaducts and Underpasses. Because of the terrain along the alignment, Dongshan 4th Road will have eight bridges crossing over water bodies or valleys, six viaducts and two underpasses crossing other roads, plus one underpass for pedestrian crossing. Details of these structures are shown in Table III.9.

Table III.9: Bridges, Viaducts and Underpasses on the Dongshan 4th Road

No. Type Name Chainage Width

(m) Length (m)

Super-structure

1

Bri

dge

Damaoerchong #1 Bridge K1+640~K1+760 14 120 Pre-stressed small box girder 2 Damaoerchong #2 Bridge K1+640~K1+940 14 300 Pre-stressed small box girder 3 Bolin River Bridge K12+270~K12+550 12+12 280 Pre-stressed concrete hollow slab 4 Wangjiazui Bridge K13+790~K13+970 12+12 180 Pre-stressed concrete hollow slab 5 Hou River Bridge K14+110~K14+270 12+12 160 Pre-stressed concrete hollow slab 6 Panjiagou Bridge K14+650~K14+890 12+12 240 Pre-stressed concrete hollow slab 7 Pojiayan Bridge K22+270~K22+510 12+12 240 Pre-stressed small box girder 8 Huyu Expressway Bridge K22+590~K22+860 12+12 270 Pre-stressed small box girder 9

Via

du

ct

Dalian Road Viaduct K0+876.5~K0+980.5 13+13 32 Pre-stressed concrete hollow slab 10 Zhongnan Road Viaduct K3+906.4~K3+938.4 13+17 32 Pre-stressed concrete hollow slab 11 Heyi Road Viaduct K5+887.4~K5+919.4 13+13 32 Pre-stressed concrete hollow slab 12 Huaxi Road Viaduct K8+461.2~K8+701.2 17+17 240 Pre-stressed concrete hollow slab 13 Baigang Road Viaduct K9+270.2~K9+690.2 13+13 420 Pre-stressed concrete hollow slab

14 Hanyi Road – Bolinhe Road Viaduct

K11+088~K12+237 18 1149 Pre-stressed concrete continuous box girder

15

Un

der

pa

ss

Dongzhan Road Underpass K7+638.3~K7+674.3 26.6 36 Box culvert

16 Dongshan 3rd Road Underpass

K10+338~K10+374 26.6 36 Box culvert

17 Pedestrian Crossing Underpass

K9+170 4.8 70 Box culvert

Note: Chainge = distance measured along the road alignment Source: Draft EIR. 72. Interchanges. Dongshan 4th Road will have 17 interchanges at intersections with other roads as shown in Table III.10.

34

Table III.10: Interchanges on Dongshan 4th Road at Intersections with Other Roads

No. Name of Intersecting Road

Classification of Intersecting Road

Type of Intersection

Distance between Two Intersections

Remark

1 Xiling 2nd Road Urban expressway Hybrid interconnected interchange

--- For future implementation

2 Fazhan Avenue Urban main trunk road

0m / 892m For future implementation

3 Dalian Road Urban secondary trunk road

Grade separated interchange

892m / 3030m To be built in this project

4 Gangyao Road Urban expressway Interconnected interchange

--- For future implementation

5 Zhongnan Road Urban main trunk road


3030m / 1981m

At grade or grade separated interchanges to be built in this project

6 Heyi Road Urban main trunk road


1981m / 1757m

7 Dongzhan Road Urban main trunk road


1,757 m / 900m

8 Huaxi Road Urban main trunk road

Interconnected interchange

900m / 980m

9 Baigang Road Urban secondary trunk road


980m / 820m

10 Dongshan 3rd Road Urban main trunk road


820m / 350m

11 Hanyi 2nd Road Urban secondary trunk road

Right entry & right exit junction

350m / 490m

12 Hanyi Road Urban main trunk road

Interconnected interchange

490m / 380m

13 Hanyi 1st Road Urban secondary trunk road


380m / 631m

14 Bolinhe Road Urban main trunk road


631m / 0m

15 Yaguan Railway Railway Grade separated interchange

--- Use the spans under current railway bridge（4×25m）

16 Jingyi Expressway Expressway Connected interchange with toll

--- Use the spans under current expressway bridge（11×20m）

17 Hanyi Inter-city Railway

Railway Grade separated interchange

--- Use the spans under current railway bridge（8×30m）

Source: Draft EIR. 73. Tunnels. There will be two tunnel crossings on Dongshan 4th Road. Each crossing will have two one-way traffic tunnels separated at 25 m (see Figure III.8 on tunnel cross section). Table III.11 shows the tunnel dimensions.

Table III.11: Tunnel Dimensions No. Name of Tunnel Chainage Length (m) Width (m)

1 Damaoerchong No. 1 Tunnel Up line K1+360.642~K1+612.355 299 12 Down line K1+354.506~K1+595.808 241 12

2 Damaoerchong No. 2 Tunnel Up line K2+020.453~K2+384.168 363 12 Down line K1+993.018~K2+363.590 370 12

Source: Draft EIR 74. Storm Water Drainage Consideration. Landform adjacent to chainage K0+040 ~ K3+929.438 on the Dongshan 4th Road is mountainous terrain which cannot be used for urban development. Only storm water runoff from the mountain will be considered for this road section, which will be collected by drainage ditches constructed along both sides of the road for discharge into existing storm water drainage channels. The land adjacent to chainage K3+929.438 ~ K12+223.049 is within the urban development area under the urban master plan. Drainage consideration for storm water along this section will include both

35

runoff from the road and the adjacent developed land. Storm water runoff collected will be conveyed to existing storm water drainage channels leading to nearby gullies, streams and rivers. Table III.12 presents information related to the locations and catchment areas of the box culvert sumps for collecting storm water runoff along Dongshan 4th Road.

Table III.12: Box Culvert Sumps for Storm Water Drainage Along Dongshan 4th Road

No. Chainage Catchment Area (km2)

Peak Flow (m3/s)

Culvert Sump Size (m)

Culvert Slope Gradient (%)

1 K0+500 0.17 4.93 1.5 x 1.5 0.32 2 K0+940 0.54 11.81 2.4 x 2.0 0.25 3 K2+410 0.31 28.20 1.8 x 1.5 0.50 4 K3+580 0.19 5.41 1.5 x 1.5 0.37 5 K4+660 0.32 7.90 2.4 x 1.5 0.47 6 K6+000 6.02 72.26 2-4.0 x 2.0 0.60 7 K7+480 11.74 119.27 3-4.0 x 2.0 0.73 8 K8+210 13.50 132.41 4.0 x 2.0 0.50

Source: Draft EIR. 75. Wastewater Collection. Approximately 18.9 km of wastewater collection pipelines will be installed to collect wastewater generated from the new development areas of the Dongshan 4th Road Suburban Zone and the Biological Industrial Park adjacent to chainage K5+884.557~ K12+313.061. Wastewater collected from chainage K5+884.557~K6+480 will be conveyed to the Heyi Road sewer system; while wastewater collected from chainage K6+860 ~ K12+313.061 will be conveyed to the Bolinhe Road sewer system. Wastewater from both systems will be treated at the Huayan Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). 76. Construction Staging Areas. Temporary construction staging areas (Table III.13) and haul roads (Table III.14) are needed for staging and accessing bridge and tunnel construction sites as well as temporary and permanent excavated spoil storage sites.

Table III.13: Construction Work Sites for Dongshan 4th Road

No. Chainage Length

(m) Width

(m) Land

Area (ha) Land Type Remark

1 K1+600 80 50 0.40 Patchy woodland

bri

dge

co

nstr

uct

ion

Damaoerchong #1&#2 bridges 2 K2+550 60 50 0.30 Orchard Xiaomaoerchong bridge 3 K4+050 80 50 0.40 Patchy grassland Zhongnan Road overpass 4 K6+000 60 50 0.30 Patchy woodland Heyi Road overpass 5 K6+600 80 50 0.40 Orchard Hejiafan bridge 6 K12+600 80 50 0.40 Patchy woodland Bolinhe bridge 7 K14+000 80 50 0.40 Patchy woodland Wangjiazui bridge 8 K14+300 80 50 0.40 Patchy grassland Hou River bridge 9 K15+000 80 50 0.40 Orchard Panjiagou bridge

10 K22+250 80 50 0.40 Patchy grassland Poyanwan bridge 11 K22+900 80 50 0.40 Patchy grassland Wuyu Expressway overpass 12 K1+300 80 50 0.40 Orchard

tunn

el

con

stru

ctio

n Damaoerchong #1 tunnel

13 K1+660 80 50 0.40 Patchy woodland 14 K2+000 80 50 0.40 Patchy woodland

Damaoerchong #2 tunnel 15 K2+400 80 50 0.40 Patchy woodland

Total 5.80 Note: Patchy woodland means woodland with tree coverage < 20%

Source: Draft EIR.

36

Table III.14: Temporary Haul Roads for the Construction of Dongshan 4th Road

No. Chainage Length (m) Land Width

(m) Land Area (ha) Remark

1 Roadside 2,800 12.0 3.36 along alignment 2 K2+780 150 12.0 0.18

for bridge construction

3 K8+560 350 12.0 0.42 4 K10+900 150 12.0 0.18 5 K11+940 120 12.0 0.14 6 K12+600 200 12.0 0.24 7 K13+860 800 12.0 0.96 8 K14+364 1,200 12.0 1.44 9 K15+980 900 12.0 1.08

10 K22+360 500 12.0 0.60 11 K22+940 100 12.0 0.12 12 K1+280 30 12.0 0.04

for tunnel construction 13 K1+642 80 12.0 0.10 14 K2+010 50 12.0 0.06 15 K2+410 250 12.0 0.30 16 K3+320 15 12.0 0.02

for access to excavated spoil disposal areas

17 K15+640 120 12.0 0.14 18 K16+240 80 12.0 0.10 19 K21+410 80 12.0 0.10

Total 7,975 9.58 Source: Draft EIR. 77. Earth Cut and Fill. Construction of Dongshan 4th Road will require substantial earth cut and earth fill. Most of the earth cut materials will be re-used either on site or exported for use at other locations. Table III.15 shows the earth cut and fill quantities and upon re-use, approximately 174,100 m3 will need temporary disposal (meaning that this quantity could potentially be re-used if a user is found) and 788,400 m3 will need permanent disposal.

Table III.15: Excavation and Backfill Quantities for Dongshan 4th Road (unit: m3)

Works Area Excavation

Quantity Backfill Quantity

Re-use Quantity Disposal Quantity

Subtotal Re-use on-site

Import Export Sub-total

Temporary Permane

nt Road foundation

5,548,200 4,782,500 4,678,200 4,249,900 532,600 428,300 870,000 121,500 748,500

Bridge 6,800 0 0 0 0 0 6,800 0 6,800 Tunnel 130,400 0 104300 104,300 26,100 0 26,100 Disposal site 35,200 0 0 0 0 0 35,200 35,200 0 Construction staging

24,400 0 0 0 0 0 24,400 17,400 7,000

Total 5,745,000 4,782,500 4,782,500 4,249,900 532,600 532,600 962,500 174,100 788,400

Source: Draft EIR. 78. To accommodate the quantities of earth cut and fill materials, 12 sites have been identified for temporary storage and four sites for disposal as shown in Table III.16 and Table III.17 respectively.

37

Table III.16: Temporary Excavated Spoil Storage Areas Along Dongshan 4th Road No. Chainage Spoil Quantity (m3) Land Area (ha) Land Type 1 K0+760 5,000 0.33 Orchard 2 K1+680 1,400 0.09 Orchard 3 K3+560 6,800 0.45 Orchard 4 K4+320 15,300 1.02 Orchard 5 K6+160 17,200 1.15 Orchard 6 K8+260 17,200 1.15 Vacant land 7 K12+100 19,100 1.27 Vacant land 8 K13+600 7,900 0.53 Patchy grassland 9 K15+320 9,100 0.61 Patchy woodland 10 K17+980 7,100 0.47 Patchy grassland 11 K21+500 7,900 0.53 Patchy woodland 12 K23+300 7,500 0.50 Patchy grassland

Total 121,500 8.10 Note: Patchy woodland means woodland with tree coverage < 20%

Source: Draft EIR.

Table III.17: Excavated Spoil Disposal Areas Along Dongshan 4th Road No. Chainage Spoil Quantity (m3) Land Area (ha) Land Type1 K3+320 42,700 2.85 Pond 2 K15+640 212,400 3.54 Shrubbery 3 K16+240 241,200 4.02 Shrubbery 4 K21+410 292,100 4.17 Shrubbery

Total 788,400 14.58 Source: Draft EIR. 79. Pavement. Pavement structures for the carriageway, the frontage road and the sidewalk are shown in Table III.18.

Table III.18: Pavement Structures of Dongshan 4th Road

Carriageway Frontage Road Sidewalk

Pavement Structure Thickness Pavement Structure Thickness Pavement Structure

Thickness

Small crushed-stone modified asphalt concrete ( with 0.3% fiber reinforced )

4 cm Small crushed-stone

modified asphalt concrete

5 cm Color concrete

brick 6 cm

Medium crushed-stone modified asphalt concrete

6 cm Medium crushed-

stone modified asphalt concrete

7 cm Medium coarse

sand 3 cm

Large crushed-stone asphalt concrete

8 cm 5% cement stabilized

crushed-stone 15 cm

5% Cement stabilized

crushed-stone 15 cm

5% cement stabilized crushed-stone

18 cm 4% cement stabilized

crushed-stone 15 cm

4% cement stabilized crushed-stone

18 cm Grading crushed

stone 20 cm

Grading crushed stone 24 cm

Total thickness 78 cm 62 cm 24 cmSource: Draft EIR. D. Climate Change Adaptation Considerations

80. Based on analyses by the Wuhan Regional Weather Center, Hubei would experience temperature and precipitation increases in the 21st century. Annual mean temperature would increase by 0.8 °C in early 21st century, 2.4 °C in mid-21st century and 3.1 °C in late 21st century. Precipitation would show decreasing trend in early 21st century, changing to increasing trend in mid-21st century, and reaching a 6-8% increase by the end of the 21st

38

century. It is likely that the province would experience more frequent and more intense extreme weather events, such as torrential rain, heat waves and extreme cold with heavy snow storms, which will impact on infrastructure and various adaptation measures need to be considered. An example is the nearby city of Wuhan, which experienced one of the worst snow storms in January 2008, resulting in the collapse of power towers and power lines due to heavy snow deposits on these structures. The 2008 incident has prompted the Wuhan Municipal Government to consider revising the design codes for these structures to withstand heavy snow deposits. 81. According to a recent ADB guideline13 on climate change risks to roads, risks may include reduced road safety and security, increased need for road maintenance due to landslides, and costly rehabilitation works as drainage is insufficient for peak rainfall events. Climate change parameters of interest to this Project would include the following:

i. Precipitation intensity and slope (especially for the mountainous areas along the Dongshan 4th Road)

ii. Peak rainfall events (for designing road drainage) iii. Profiles of past extreme weather events iv. Changes to the on set of rainy seasons (for road maintenance and construction

scheduling) v. Wind and water flow speed during extreme weather events (for bridge design) vi. Changes to snow fall events (for decisions on the need for snow removing

equipment) vii. Changes in temperature including both gradual increase and increase in extreme

temperature (likely to impact road pavements) viii. Changes in precipitation (will impact road foundations)

82. Detailed design of the road subgrade, pavement, bridge structures, slope protection and drainage system for the BRT corridor and the Dongshan 4th Road will examine adaptation measures to counter the above potential climate change risks.

13 Asian Development Bank. 2011. Guidelines for climate proofing investment in the transport sector: road

infrastructure projects. 53 pp.

39

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. General

83. The description of the pre-project baseline environment (biophysical and socioeconomic) establishes (i) the environmental setting within which the project will be implemented, and (ii) the environmental values which will be changed (either negatively or positively) as a result of the project. The scope of the baseline environmental surveys was determined by the kinds of components proposed, presence of environmental receptors and potential impacts. For road projects where road construction would potentially generate dust, noise and water quality impacts as well as removing vegetation and habitats along road alignments, and where operation generates vehicle emissions and traffic noise impacts, baseline environmental surveys usually include air quality, noise, water quality and ecology within the project area of influence, or assessment area defined in Table II.5. B. Physical Setting

84. Geography and Geology. Yichang is located in the southwestern part of Hubei Province (see Figure I.1), in between the mid-stream and upstream sections of the Yangtze River, and in a transitional zone between the western Hubei Qinba and Wuling mountain ranges and the Jianghan plain. It was historically an important transportation and logistics hub for western Hubei, northwestern Hunan and eastern Sichuan regions. The whole city spans across longitudes 110o15’~112o04’ and latitudes 29o56’~31o34’. The longest east-to-west and north-to-south distances across the city are 174.1 km and 180.6 km, respectively 85. Yichang’s topography slopes from the mountain ranges in the west to lowland plains in the east, with complex landform consisting of mountains, plains, valleys and hilly terrains. The urban area spans from the Nanjinguan in the northwest to the Xiaoting District in the southeast, with low hills composed of monoclinic red layer at elevations (Yellow Sea datum) of 120–300 m, and river valley alluvial basin formed by multi-level terraces of quaternary loose deposits. The urban constructed area is on a long strip of narrow flat land adjacent to the Yangtze River at elevations of 55–80 m. 86. The proposed Dongshan 4th Road is located in the eastern suburb of Yichang’s urban area with topography sloping gradually from the northwest to the southeast, characterized by undulating terrain, hills and ridges with elevations ranging from approximately 54 m to 193 m. The Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor is located in the urban center on comparatively flatter land at elevations between 50–110 m. 87. Soil types are dominated by purple soil, yellow brown soil and paddy soil. Geological layers, from the top down, consist of plain fill soil, mucky soil, silt, silty sand, round gravel, silty clay containing pebbles, silty clay, muddy silt stone, and mixed silt stone and muddy silt stone. 88. No major historical seismic activity has occurred within 200 km of Yichang. According to the China Ground Motion Parameters Zoning Map of 2001, the seismic intensity in Yichang and vicinity is Grade VI with a ground motion peak acceleration value of 0.05g and a dynamic response spectrum period of 0.35 s. 89. The proposed Dongshan 4th Road runs through several landforms, mainly hills, gullies and the first and second terraces of Paifang River. There is not a significant risk of potential disasters like landslides, mud flows, land subsidence or geological faults in the project area. 90. Climate. Yichang is in the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, with mild climate, distinct seasons, rainy spring and summer, hot summer, dry autumn and mild

40

winter. Table IV.1 presents Yichang’s weather characteristics, based on statistics from 1981 to 2010.

Table IV.1: Yichang’s Weather Statistics Parameter Value Annual average temperature 16.9o C Extreme lowest temperature -9.8o C Extreme highest temperature 43.9o C Annual average frost free days 270 days Annual average sunshine hours 1,994 hours Predominant wind during the year from the southwest Highest wind speed 20 m/s Annual average precipitation 1,160 mm Lowest precipitation in a year 643.9 mm Highest 1-h precipitation during 1 in 10 y rainstorm 43.8 mm Highest 24-h precipitation during 1 in 10 y rainstorm 184.0mm Highest 24-h precipitation during 1 in 10 y rainstorm 224.2 mm Annual average evaporation 1,271.3 mm Average relative humidity 77% Maximum frozen soil depth 4 cm

Source: Draft EIR. 91. Air Quality. The PRC ranks air quality into three classes according to its Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-1996), with Class I being the best air quality and Class III the worst air quality. Typically, ambient air quality baseline monitoring for environmental impact assessment in the PRC consists of measuring the daily average concentration levels of total suspended particulates (TSP) and/or PM10 (also known as respirable suspended particulates, RSP), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on seven consecutive days. Carbon monoxide (CO) is often included in transport projects. 92. The EIR presented ambient air quality monitoring data on CO, NO2 and PM10 collected by the Yidu City Environmental Monitoring Station daily from 3 June to 9 June 2012 at four sensitive receptors (two for the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and two for the Dongshan 4th Road alignment). The data are summarized in Table IV.2 below, and compared with the GB 3095-1996 Class II ambient air quality standard. Monitoring results show that CO, NO2 and PM10 all complied with GB 3095-1996 Class II ambient air quality standard at these locations on the days of baseline monitoring. Comparison with the World Bank Group’s EHS standard showed that the daily average baseline ambient PM10 levels at all locations on the days of monitoring were higher than the EHS interim targets. The World Bank Group does not have daily average standards for CO and NO2 (see Table II.1).

Table IV.2: Baseline Air Quality Monitoring Results in June 2012

Monitoring Location Daily Average Concentration Range (mg/m3)

CO NO2 PM10

Dongshan Avenue

Xiaoxita No. 3 Primary School

1.26-1.52 0.029-0.041 0.103-0.116

Huayan Community 1.67-1.98 0.046-0.056 0.117-0.134 Dongshan 4th Road

Yichang Salt Company 1.38-1.51 0.037-0.042 0.102-0.123 Xianfeng Village 1.08-1.35 0.027-0.042 0.074-0.098

GB 3095-1996 Class II standard 4.0 0.08 0.15

World Bank Group EHS standard n/a n/a Interim: 0.035-0.075

Guideline: 0.025 Source: Draft EIR. 93. Noise. Noise standards in the PRC are prescribed in Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB 3096-2008). GB 3096-2008 categorizes five functional areas based on their tolerance to noise pollution: from Category 0 to Category 4 (see Table II.2). The noise assessment area for Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor falls into functional area Category 4a

41

(areas within 35 m from the road red line) and Category 2 (areas between 35 m to 200 m from the road red line). The noise assessment area for Dongshan 4th Road falls into functional area Category 2 for the existing (baseline) condition since the road has yet to be built, and Categories 4a and 2 similar to the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor when Dongshan 4th Road is operational. 94. The EIR presented baseline noise monitoring data collected by the Yidu City Environmental Monitoring Station in 2012 at selected existing noise sensitive receptors along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and the Dongshan 4th Road alignment. Baseline noise monitoring for environmental impact assessments in the PRC typically consists of monitoring of day time noise and night time noise on two consecutive days. For this EIR, baseline monitoring was carried out along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor on 3–4 June 2012, and on 27–28 August 2012 for some additional sensitive receptors due to adjustments on the alignment. 95. Table IV.3 presents baseline noise monitoring results collected at existing sensitive receptors along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor. The following observations were made:

i. Of the 992 data points, 186 (18.8%) exceeded either the GB or EHS standards or both, with day time noise exceedance at 18.1% and night time noise at 19.4%. This is indicative of the noisy environment along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor due to busy traffic. Mid to high level stories were apparently exposed to higher noise levels than low level stories, which is not uncommon due to fewer road side obstructions in the direct line of sight.

ii. In the day time in Functional Area Category 4a, 16.8% exceeded both GB and EHS standards (both are the same).

iii. In the day time in Functional Area Category 2, 31.3% exceeded the more stringent EHS standard, 6.3% also exceeded the less stringent GB standard.

iv. At night in Functional Area Category 4a, 12.3% exceeded the more stringent GB standard.

v. At night in Functional Area Category 2, 100% exceeded the more stringent EHS standard, within which 18.8% also exceeded the less stringent GB standard.

vi. Noisy areas during the day appeared to be Jucheng Road and where Jucheng Road turns onto Dongshan Avenue, Dongshan Avenue near No. 178 and the Sanxia Commercial Newspaper dormitory, Xiazhou Road near Wanfujiayuan, and Yixing Road near No. 28.

vii. High night time noise levels basically occurred on all the roads along the BRT corridor, except at some locations along the Dongshan Avenue. The worst being Jucheng Road and where Jucheng Road turns onto Dongshan Avenue, where the highest exceedance was 17.6 dB(A) over the GB standard.

Table IV.3: Baseline Noise Monitoring Results along Dongshan Avenue

in June and August 2012

No. Name of Road

Monitoring Location Floor Day Time Noise

[dB(A)] Night Time Noise

[dB(A)] Day 1 Day 2 Day 1 Day 2

Sensitive Receptors located in Noise Functional Area Category 4a

1 Yixing Avenue

Huangjin Community 1F 64.4 64.1 53.4 53.6 3F 64.6 64.6 54.1 54.1 5F 65.1 65.1 54.6 54.7

2

Yiling District Prosecutor’s Office 1F 64.4 65.1 52.8 53.3 3F 65.2 65.6 53.2 53.7 5F 65.5 65.8 54.1 54.3 7F 65.1 65.6 54.6 54.8

3 Xingang Community 1F 64.5 63.8 53.8 54.1

3F 64.8 64.2 54.6 54.7

42

No. Name of Road




5F 65.1 64.6 55.1 55.2

4 Xiaoxita No. 3 Primary School 1F 61.6 62.3 49.8 50.2

3F 65.3 66.7 53.1 53.3

5 Hanchengyinxiang Community 1F 61.9 62.3 51.3 62.3

3F 68.1 68.9 54.8 68.9 5F 66.9 67.1 54.1 67.1

6 Xiaoxita Community Clinic 1st row 1F 70.2 71.4 56.6 56.4

3F 68.7 70.6 55.8 56.1

7 Xiaoxita Community Clinic 2nd row 1F 48.7 48.2 42.1 43.1

3F 50.3 49.8 42.8 43.4

8

Xinyingxiang Community 1F 65.6 66.1 55.4 66.1 3F 64.7 65.8 56.1 65.8 5F 63.6 65.4 56.4 65.4 7F 62.7 63.2 56.6 63.2 10F 61.8 62.5 56.2 62.5

9

Yiling Urban and Rural Construction Bureau

1F 67.8 68.2 54.1 53.8 3F 64.7 65.5 52.6 51.9 5F 68.3 68.7 55.7 55.1 7F 67.9 68.1 56.3 55.8 10F 67.2 67.7 56.6 56.4

10 Electricity Bureau dormitory 1F 66.8 67.1 52.3 51.7

3F 67.5 67.6 53.1 52.3 5F 67.8 67.7 54.1 52.7

11 Yixing Avenue No. 60 1F 66.7 66.1 53.2 53.1

3F 67.3 66.7 53.8 53.7 5F 67.7 67.3 54.1 54.3

12 Yiling District Court 1F 63.2 62.7 50.8 62.7

3F 61.9 61.6 51.2 61.6 5F 64.1 64.3 51.5 64.3

13 Xing’an Community 1F 62.7 63.1 53.6 52.7

3F 63.5 63.8 54.2 53.4 5F 64.1 64.2 54.7 54.1

14 Changjiang Hospital 1F 64.8 65.3 55.6 56.1

3F 65.2 65.6 56.2 56.7

15 Yixing Avenue No. 28 1F 72.6 72.3 61.3 62.1

3F 73.1 72.7 61.7 62.7 5F 73.7 73.1 62.3 63.1

16

Anwang Garden 1F 68.1 67.7 54.3 53.2 3F 65.7 65.1 54.7 53.8 5F 68.7 68.6 55.2 54.2 7F 69.1 69.3 55.6 54.6 10F 67.6 67.8 55.3 54.1

17

Xiazhou Road

Wanfujiayuan 1F 70.9 71.1 56.7 56.3 3F 71.2 71.7 57.2 56.8 5F 70.5 70.3 56.1 55.7 9F 68.6 68.3 53.8 53.6

18 Sanxia Road Yangguang Hospital 1F 66.8 67.4 56.2 55.7

3F 66.1 66.8 55.5 55.4 5F 64.5 64.9 53.6 53.2 7F 65.2 65.4 53.9 53.3

19

Xiangshan Garden 1F 63.5 63.8 54.2 54.3 3F 64.2 64.6 54.7 55.1 5F 64.6 64.7 55.5 55.7 9F 63.1 63.4 53.4 53.7 15F 61.9 61.4 52.9 53.1

20

Xiangshanfenghuangcheng 1st row 1F 67.4 68.2 55.3 56.2 3F 66.2 67.5 55.5 55.8 5F 65.8 66.8 54.8 55.4 9F 65.2 65.6 54.2 54.6

21

Xiangshanfenghuangcheng 2nd row 1F 54.7 54.7 48.3 48.7 3F 55.2 55.2 48.6 49.2 5F 55.6 55.6 49.5 49.7 9F 53.6 53.6 44.6 45.2 15F 52.5 52.5 44.2 44.7

43

No. Name of Road




22

Changhewan 1F 64.5 65.2 54.7 55.0 3F 65.0 65.4 55.6 55.8 5F 65.7 66.3 56.2 56.3 9F 66.3 66.5 56.6 56.8 14F 65.6 65.8 55.6 55.8

23

Changhewan facing the Sanxia Expressway

1F 57.2 57.4 54.3 54.5 3F 59.2 59.3 55.6 55.7 5F 62.8 61.9 56.7 56.4 9F 65.6 65.2 57.2 57.1 13F 68.2 67.8 57.8 57.6

24 Pinghuyucai Kindergarten 1F 64.1 63.8 56.7 55.8

3F 65.1 64.7 57.2 56.2

25

Jiawang Binhu International 1F 67.1 66.9 58.3 58.1 3F 66.2 65.6 57.6 57.4 5F 58.6 58.4 53.4 53.2 9F 63.6 64.2 56.3 56.1 15F 63.7 63.5 55.2 54.4 25F 62.1 61.9 54.1 53.1

26 Honggang Road

Honggang Road No. 4-2 1st row 1F 64.1 65.2 59.6 66.3 3F 65.1 66.3 60.5 66.5

27 Honggang Road No. 4-2 2nd row 1F 52.4 53.1 46.2 46.3

3F 51.7 52.2 45.4 45.2

28

Yemingzhu Road

Gezhouba Central Hospital dormitory 1F 67.8 68.1 58.3 58.7 3F 68.2 68.5 58.7 59.1 5F 68.5 69.1 59.2 59.5 7F 68.7 69.3 59.7 59.8

29 Yemingzhu Road No. 43 1F 66.3 66.7 53.8 54.3

3F 68.7 67.3 54.2 54.7 5F 69.0 67.8 54.5 55.2

30

Mingzhushanzhuang 1st row 1F 68.4 67.9 54.7 55.2 3F 69.1 68.2 55.2 55.6 5F 69.7 68.7 55.6 56.3 7F 70.4 69.4 56.3 56.7 10F 69.5 69.7 55.7 55.7 15F 69.3 69.4 55.3 53.2

31 Gezhouba No. 5 Company dormitory 1F 55.8 55.4 46.7 46.7

3F 57.4 56.1 47.3 47.3 5F 58.1 56.6 48.7 48.7


3F 69.1 69.8 55.3 52.8 5F 69.5 70.2 55.7 53.1


3F 70.6 69.4 55.7 55.6 5F 72.3 69.8 56.2 56.3

34 Dongshan Avenue

Gezhouba Company dormitory 1F 68.4 67.9 52.7 53.1 3F 71.2 70.3 53.1 53.6 5F 72.6 71.7 53.7 54.2

35 Xindaoguoji Community 1F 65.9 66.1 53.7 54.1

10F 64.7 65.1 54.3 54.6 15F 65.5 64.9 51.6 53.7

36 Old Railway Bureau dormitory 1F 64.5 65.1 53.8 53.4

3F 65.1 65.8 54.2 53.8 5F 66.1 66.2 54.7 54.1

37 Yichang No. 22 Middle School 1F 63.7 64.1 53.7 54.2

3F 64.3 64.6 54.1 54.7 5F 64.7 65.1 54.5 55.2

38 No 7 Company dormitory 1F 65.2 64.8 54.1 53.9

3F 65.6 65.2 54.3 54.2 5F 66.1 66.7 54.6 54.6

39 Sanxia Development Company Headquarters – office and dormitory

1F 64.9 65.1 53.1 52.7 3F 65.2 65.4 53.6 53.2 5F 65.7 65.7 54.3 53.7

40 Changjiang Hospital 1F 66.7 67.3 56.7 57.3

44

No. Name of Road




3F 67.4 67.9 57.4 57.9 5F 67.8 68.2 57.8 58.2

41

Jindihuacheng 1F 65.1 64.9 51.7 52.1 3F 65.6 65.3 52.3 52.6 5F 66.3 66.1 52.7 53.1 7F 65.4 66.4 52.5 53.0 10F 64.8 66.7 52.3 52.8

42 Dushihuayuan 1F 65.8 66.1 53.8 54.1

3F 66.7 66.8 54.2 54.6 5F 67.2 67.2 54.6 55.1

43

Wanjiaxinfu Garden 1F 67.3 68.3 53.7 52.8 3F 61.8 62.3 52.6 51.0 5F 65.4 65.7 54.1 53.7 7F 68.2 69.1 54.6 54.2 10F 67.9 68.4 54.3 53.9 15F 67.5 67.9 53.7 53.6 20F 63.1 67.5 53.4 53.1

44

Sanxia Commercial Newspaper dormitory 1F 69.8 70.3 53.4 52.9 3F 71.4 72.1 53.8 53.4 5F 72.1 72.8 54.3 53.8 7F 71.6 72.4 54.7 54.2 10F 67.3 72.0 53.8 53.6

45

Tianciguangchang Community 1F 70.4 69.8 53.8 52.7 3F 71.6 70.5 54.2 53.8 5F 69.4 68.4 54.7 54.6 7F 70.6 69.7 55.3 54.1 10F 71.3 70.3 55.3 53.8 15F 70.7 68.9 54.9 53.4

46 Dongshan Avenue No. 143 1F 65.4 64.2 53.1 52.8

3F 66.1 65.1 53.7 53.4 5F 67.2 65.8 54.1 53.8

47

Ziyoukongjian 1st row 1F 66.1 65.7 52.8 53.1 3F 66.6 66.2 53.2 53.5 5F 67.2 66.7 53.5 54.1 7F 66.8 66.2 54.1 54.6


3F 51.0 51.7 46.7 47.4


3F 66.1 65.8 53.6 53.8 5F 66.7 66.1 54.1 54.7

50 Dongfeng Women’s Hospital 1F 66.3 65.9 53.1 52.8

3F 65.9 66.3 53.7 53.2 5F 68.2 68.1 54.8 53.7

51 Shengli 3rd Road No. 20 1F 65.1 64.8 52.9 53.1

3F 65.7 65.2 53.2 53.7 5F 66.2 65.7 53.6 54.2

52 Old Television Broadcasting University 1F 65.8 66.4 53.1 52.8

3F 66.4 66.8 53.5 53.4 5F 66.7 67.2 53.9 53.7


3F 73.5 73.8 53.5 53.4 5F 74.1 74.2 53.9 53.7

54 Yichang Central Hospital 1F 67.5 68.1 53.7 52.8

3F 67.9 68.7 54.3 53.7

55 Yichang Changhang Hospital 1F 70.0 71.2 54.3 54.6

3F 67.7 68.1 54.9 55.1 5F 68.1 68.7 55.3 55.6

56

Yichang Ship Channel Engineering Bureau 1F 65.4 66.1 52.7 53.2 3F 66.4 66.7 53.2 53.6 5F 66.8 67.3 53.7 54.2 7F 67.2 67.6 54.3 54.6

57 Yichang Yuancheng Company dormitory 1F 65.4 64.8 52.4 51.8

3F 65.7 65.4 52.7 52.3 5F 66.1 66.1 53.1 52.7


3F 67.8 67.2 53.8 54.3

45

No. Name of Road




5F 68.3 67.6 54.3 54.6

59 Wanjiazui Village 1F 71.4 70.4 61.4 60.4

3F 71.8 70.8 61.8 60.8

60 Wangjiahe Community 1F 68.8 69.1 54.1 53.9

3F 69.1 69.7 54.3 54.3

61 Steel Pipe Factory dormitory 1F 64.1 63.7 52.1 53.1

3F 67.8 68.2 54.2 53.6 5F 68.1 68.9 54.6 54.2

62 Bayi Steel Product Factory dormitory 1F 65.8 66.1 52.7 51.8

3F 66.3 67.0 53.2 52.3 5F 66.7 67.3 53.6 52.9

63 Baimashan Community 1F 72.6 73.1 57.2 56.1

3F 72.9 73.3 57.6 56.4 5F 73.2 73.9 58.1 57.2

64

Jucheng Road

Dushitianyuan 1F 70.3 71.3 59.1 58.4 3F 74.1 75.0 59.7 59.1 5F 74.3 75.2 60.6 59.5 7F 74.5 75.4 61.1 60.3 10F 71.1 71.9 60.4 59.7

65

Huayan Community 1st row 1F 71.3 70.6 69.7 68.7 3F 74.6 73.8 70.3 69.4 5F 74.3 73.1 71.4 70.2 7F 74.7 73.8 72.6 70.6 10F 72.3 71.1 72.1 70.3

66

Huayan Community 2nd row 1F 53.8 54.2 41.8 42.1 3F 55.4 55.1 42.7 42.8 5F 56.1 56.2 43.8 43.2 7F 57.6 57.1 44.6 43.6 10F 53.7 54.3 44.2 43.4

67 Chunhua Hospital 1F 72.3 71.9 69.3 69.2

3F 70.0 69.7 68.1 68.7 GB 3096-2008 Category 4a Functional Area Noise Standard 70 55

World Bank Group EHS Standard 70 70 Sensitive Receptors located in Noise Functional Area Category 2 68 Yixing Ave Donghu Middle School 1F 67.3 66.8 53.4 66.8

69

Yemingzhu Road

Mingzhushanzhuang 2nd row 1F 52.7 53.2 46.7 47.1 3F 53.1 53.6 47.1 47.4 5F 53.7 54.1 47.8 47.9 7F 56.7 57.1 48.5 48.2 10F 56.4 56.8 48.1 47.8 15F 56.1 55.8 47.8 47.6


3F 54.1 53.1 46.3 46.5 5F 54.7 55.1 46.7 46.8

71 Gezhouba Experimental Primary School 1F 57.0 56.5 51.6 50.8

3F 57.6 57.1 52.3 51.4

72

Dongshan Avenue

Ziyoukongjian 2nd row 1F 52.7 51.8 45.6 46.1 3F 53.1 52.7 46.1 46.5 5F 53.5 53.1 47.3 47.7 7F 53.3 53.5 46.8 47.1

GB 3096-2008 Category 2 Functional Area Noise Standard 60 50 World Bank Group EHS Standard 55 45

Data exceed both GB 3096-2008 and EHS noise standards Data exceed GB 3096-2008 noise standard Data exceed EHS noise standard

Source: Draft EIR. 96. Table IV.4 shows baseline noise monitoring results collected at existing sensitive receptors along the proposed Dongshan 4th Road alignment. Since the area is basically rural and the Dongshan 4th Road has not been built, baseline day time and night time noise levels measured at all existing sensitive receptors complied with both GB 3096-2008 Category 2

46

Functional Area standard and EHS standard, except night time noise at two locations that showed slight exceedance of the more stringent EHS standard.

Table IV.4: Baseline Noise Monitoring Results along the Dongshan 4th Road Alignment in June 2012

No. Monitoring Location Floor Day Time Noise


[dB(A)] June 3rd June 4th June 3rd June 4th

1 Shiban Village 1F 43.6 44.1 42.8 43.1 2 Heihushan Village Committee 1F 47.8 47.1 46.4 46.7 3 Heihushan Village 1F 42.8 43.1 43.1 42.9 4 Lijiatai Village 1F 44.3 44.2 43.2 43.6 5 Meihua Village 1F 41.3 40.6 40.3 39.8 6 Tumen Village 1F 46.7 47.3 45.1 45.4 7 Chezhan Village 1F 45.8 44.5 44.5 43.8 8 Miaowan 1F 43.2 43.1 42.6 42.5 9 Houhefan 1F 42.7 42.3 43.1 43.2

10 Zhaojiachong 1F 43.8 44.1 42.9 42.5 11 Chenjiachong 1F 42.6 43.1 41.6 42.1 12 Wehjiafan Village Group No. 7 1F 41.9 42.2 40.9 41.2 13 Yejiacangwu 1F 42.3 42.6 41.3 40.9 14 Poyanwan 1F 42.3 42.1 40.8 41.1

GB 3096-2008 Category 2 Functional Area Noise Standard

60 50

World Bank Group EHS Standard 55 45 Source: Draft EIR 97. Hydrology and Surface Water Quality. Yichang has many rivers with the Yangtze River being the main one, followed by the Qing River, Juzhang River, Huangbo River, Xiangxi River and Xialao Stream. The annual average total water resource is 474.14 billion m3. There are 99 rivers within Yichang that are longer than 10 km. There are 64 rivers with catchment areas larger than 50 km2, accounting for 83.9% of the catchment area of the city. 98. Major rivers within the assessment area of this project include the Bolin River and the Hou River. Bolin River is 58.8 km long with a total annual runoff of 2.56 billion m3. It is a primary tributary of the Yangtze River originating from the hills in Guanzhuang Village in Yiling District. The section through the urban area is 15.7 km long. Its average annual flow is 8.6 m3/s, with a maximum flow of 1.198 m3/s in the rainy season and an average flow of 2.0 m3/s in the dry season. The Hou River originates from a rock cavern and is 5 km long. The width of the river within the project area is approximately 15–25 m, an average depth of 0.3–0.8 m with a flow of approximately 2–5 m3/s. The Changlinggang Reservoir near the Dongshan 4th Road alignment has a storage capacity of 233,400 m3 and is not used as a drinking water source. The Damaoerchong and Xiaomaoerchong are dammed up ponds that are relatively small in size. They are not used as a drinking water source. According to the FSR, the drainage system for the project roads is designed for a one in 20 year return period. 99. The PRC’s Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002) defines five water quality categories for different environmental functions (see Table II.3). The water bodies within the assessment area for Dongshan 4th Road are Categories III and IV (see Table II.4). Baseline water quality monitoring for environmental impact assessment in the PRC typically consists of sampling and testing water quality at selected sensitive receptor locations on two consecutive days. In this project the EIR presented baseline water quality monitoring data collected on 3 and 4 June, 2012 at two locations (Table IV.5), showing compliance with the respective water quality categories for the parameters monitored and on the days of monitoring.

47

Table IV.5: Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Results in June 2012

Monitoring Location Concentration Range (unit in mg/l except pH)

pH SS NH3-N TP DO BOD5 IMn TPH

Damaoerchong dammed

pond (K1+600~K1+740) 8.2-8.3 15-17 0.118-0.124 0.017-0.021 7.1-7.6 1.35-1.45 1.89-1.91 <0.04

GB 3838-2002 Category

III 6-9 --- ≤1.0 ≤0.2 ≥5 ≤4 ≤6 ≤0.05

Bolin River (K12+420) 7.6-7.8 16-19 0.132-0.139 0.036-0.040 7.2-7.4 1.21-1.32 1.78-1.82 <0.04

GB 3838-2002 Category

IV 6-9 --- ≤1.5 ≤0.3 ≥3 ≤6 ≤10 ≤0.5

Source: Draft EIR. 100. Ground Water. The Dongshan 4th Road will have two tunnel sections through mountains which could potentially go through ground water aquifers. There is a risk that draining ground water off the aquifer may result in subsidence. Ground water includes perched water, bound water, pore phreatic water (underground water) and crevice water from the bed rock. Perched water exists in plain fills and cultivated soils, it is discontinuous. This kind of water is collected from rainfalls and the quality is generally poor in this area. As far as the proposed road is concerned, to the north of K8+280, the road alignment is far away from the river, and the ground water is mainly perched water. Bound water mainly exists in the silty soils on the bottom of ponds. It replenishes from surface water and rainfalls, and the content is generally less. Pore phreatic water is mainly distributed in aquifers, layers of silty sand and roundstone, in the southern section at Chainage K5+160. This kind of water is controlled by the water level of Paifang River, and maintained at a continuous and stable level. Crevice water from the bed rock mainly exists in underlying pelitic siltstone and highly weathered siltstone. This kind of water is less continuous and poor and without identical table because the crevices are mostly filled with mud. Crevice water mainly replenishes from rainfall. To the south of Chainage K5+160, the ground water table of the first terrace of Paifang River is located in the layers of silty soil and silty sand, which is 1–1.5m higher than the river water level. C. Natural Resources, Ecology and Biodiversity

101. Baseline conditions were analyzed based on a review of available and relevant literature supplemented by field investigations on 26–27 July 2012. Table IV.6 shows the ecological field investigation locations, dominant vegetation types and species recorded.

Table IV.6: Ecological Field Investigation Locations and Vegetation No. Road Section Location Vegetation

1 Start of Dongshan 4th Road, intersection of Yizi Avenue and Fazhan Avenue

N30o43’47.1’’, E111o20’4.3’’

Chinese fringe flower Loropetalum chinense var rubrum Waxleaf privet Ligustrum quihoui

2 Dongshan 4th Road K0+200m, road side

N30o43’41.6’’, E111o20’8.6’’

Woodland consisting of: Canadian poplar Populus euramevicana Chinese wingnut Pterocarya stenoptera Chinese weeping cypress Cupressus funebris Big node bamboo Phyllostachys nidularia

Shrub consisting of: Paper mulberry Broussonetia papyrifera Black locust Robinia pseudoacacia Kudzu Pueraria lobata

Plantation consisting of: Mandarin orange Citrus reticulate Maize Zea mays Chinese chestnut Castanea mollissma

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No. Road Section Location Vegetation

3 Heihushan Cunyaowan, hillside near power line 022

N30o43’13.9’’, E111o20’40.4’’

Chinese weeping cypress Cupressus funebris Five-leaved chaste tree Vitex negundo var cannabifolia Camphor tree Cinnamomum camphora Mandarin orange Citrus reticulate Sweet osmanthus Osmanthus fragrans

4 Damaoerchong dammed pond & vicinity, road side woodland area

N30o43’15.3’’, E111o20’59.7’’

Chinese weeping cypress Cupressus funebris Blady grass Imperata cylindrica

5 Opposite Heihushan Village Committee, Xiaomaoerchong dammed pond

N30o42’33.3’’, E111o21’18.5’’

Paper mulberry Broussonetia papyrifera Giant eulalia grass Miscanthus floridulus Canadian horseweed Conyza Canadensis Alligator weed Alligator alternanthera Lesser bulrush Typha angustifolia Common duckweed Lemna minor

6 Banks of Bolin River N30o39’8.3’’,

E111o25’19.7’’

Canadian poplar Populus euramevicana Chinese wingnut Pterocarya stenoptera Hop vine Humulus scandens Bermuda grass Cynodon dactylon Alligator weed Alligator alternanthera Curly-leaf pondweed Potamogeton crispus Common duckweed Lemna minor

7 Tianhu Yinhewan, besides the bridge and roadside slope

N30o38’35.4’’, E111o26’4.1’’

Big node bamboo Phyllostachys nidularia Horsetail pine Pinus massoniana White oak Quercus aliena Chinese wingnut Pterocarya stenoptera Five-leaved chaste tree Vitex negundo var cannabifolia

8 Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor alignment Landscape plantations of trees, shrubs and grasses

Source: Draft EIR. 102. Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor. The Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor will take up 87.65 ha of constructed land permanently, which is made up of existing roads in the urban center, with an urban ecological setting of modified habitats dominated by landscaped plants of low biodiversity, with no critical or natural habitats. Biological resources along the BRT corridor are documented in Table IV.7.

Table IV.7: Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor Road Side Flora Type Scientific Name Common Name Chinese Name

Tree Evergreen: Cinnamomum camphora Camphor Tree 樟树 Trachycarpus fortunei Chinese Windmill Palm 棕榈 Magnolia grandiflora Southern Magnolia 广玉兰 Osmanthus fragrans Sweet Osmanthus 桂花 Eriobotrya japonica Loquat 枇杷 Podocarpus macrophyllus Kusamaki 松 Cryptomeria fortunei Chinese Cedar 柳杉 Cedrus deodara Himalayan Cedar 雪松 Pinus massoniana Horsetail Pine 尾松 Deciduous: Ficus virens var. sublanceolata White Fig 黄葛 Populus euramevicana Canadian Poplar 意大利 Koelreuteria paniculata Goldenrain Tree Acer buergerianum Trident Maple 三角 Liquidambar formosana Chinese Sweet Gum 香 Albizia julibrissin Persian Silk Tree 合 Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo 杏 Liriodendron chinense Chinese Tulip Tree 掌楸 Yulania denudata Magnolia 白玉

49

Type Scientific Name Common Name Chinese Name

Begonia spp Begonia 海棠 Prunus avium Plena Cherry 重瓣花

Acer palmatum Japanese Maple 爪槭 Broussonetia papyrifera Paper Mulberry 构 Platanus occidentalis Sycamore 木

Shrub Evergreen: Ligustrum quihoui Waxyleaf Privet 小叶女 Ligustrum vicaryi Golden Privet 金叶女贞 Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum Chinese Fringe Flower 红檵木 Loropetalum chinense var. chinense Chinese Fringe Flower 檵木 Buxus sinica Boxwood 小叶黄杨 Buxus megistophylla Boxwood 大叶黄杨 Euonymus japonicas Japanese Spindle 银边大叶黄杨 Pyracantha fortuneana Chinese Firethorn 火棘 Nerium oleander Oleander 夹竹桃 Photinia serratifolia Chinese Photinia 石楠 Viburnum odoratissimum Sweet Viburnum 珊瑚树 Mahonia fortune Chinese Mahonia 十大功劳 Cycas revolute King Sago Palm 苏铁 Juniperus formosana Formosan Juniper 刺柏 Pinus parviflora Japanese White Pine 日本五针松 Camellia japonica Japanese Camellia 山茶 Nandina domestica Heavenly Bamboo 南天竹 Jasminum mesnyi Chinese Jasmine 云南黄素馨 Distylium chinense Distylium 中华蚊母树 Fraxinus hupehensis Hubei Ash Tree 对节白蜡 Fatsia japonica Fatsi 八角金盘 Deciduous: Punica granatum Pomegranate 石榴 Rosa chinensis China Rose 月季 Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo 银杏 Lagerstroemia indica Crape Myrtle 紫薇

Grass / Herbaceous

Zephyranthes candida White Rain Lily 葱兰 Ophiopogon spp Mondo Grass 沿阶草类 Cynodon dactylon Bermuda Grass 狗牙根 Zoysia matrella Manila Grass 沟叶结缕草 Zea mays Maize 玉米 Sesamum indicum Sesame 芝麻 Setaria viridis Green Foxtail 狗尾草 Digitaria sanguinalis Crabgrass 马唐 Eleusine indica Indian Goosegrass 牛筋草 Echinochloa crus-galli Barnyard Grass 稗草 Artemisia absinthium Wormwood 蒿类

Vine / Lianas Parthenocissus spp. Creepers 爬山虎 Convolvulus spp Morning Glory 旋花 Ipomoea nil Picotee Morning Glory 牵牛 Glycine soja Wild Soybean 野大豆 Cayratia japonica Bushkiller 乌蔹莓

Source: Draft EIR. 103. There are two Hubei Ash trees (Fraxinus hupehensis) planted approximately 5 m from the Sanxia Road roadside at road chainage SXK1+090~ SXK1+328 in front of the Pinghutianxia community. These trees, though planted, are endemic to Hubei Province and characterized in the PRC as having rare excellent timber. Although not listed in the national

50

protection list, the Hubei Ash has been listed in the China Plant Red Data Book. These trees are shown in Figure IV.1.

Figure IV.1 Planted Hubei Ash Trees on Sanxia Road Roadside of the

Pinghutianxia Community 104. Dongshan 4th Road. There are two provincial protected areas near the Dongshan 4th Road alignment: the Xiling Egretry Nature Reserve and the Tianhu Nature Reserve. The shortest distances from the boundaries of these two nature reserves to the Dongshan 4th Road alignment are 715 m and 500 m respectively. Figure IV.2 shows their locations relative to the Dongshan 4th Road alignment and Table IV.8 describes their protection targets.

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Table IV.8: Protection Areas Near the Dongshan 4th Road alignment

Name Area (ha)

Main Protection Targets Administrative

District Protection

Status

Shortest Distance to Dongshan 4th Road

Xiling Egretry Nature Reserve

200

Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica) 家燕 Spotted Dove (Streptopelia chinensis) 珠颈

斑鸠 Bulbul (Pycnonotus sp.) 白头鹎 Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) 环颈雉 Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) 白鹭 Pond Heron (Ardeola bacchus) 池鹭 White Wagtail (Motacilla alba)白鹡鸰

Xiling Provincial 715 m

Tianhu Nature Reserve

575

Wild plants consisting of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) woodland 毛竹林 Horsetail Pine ( Pinus massoniana) woodland 马尾松林 Oriental White Oak (Quercus aliena) woodland 槲栎林 Chinese Ash (Pterocarya stenoptera) shrub枫杨灌丛 Five-leaved Chaste Tree Vitex negundo) shrub 牡荆灌丛

Xiaoting Provincial 500 m

Source: Draft EIR.

Figure IV.2: Locations of Provincial Reserves Relative to the Dongshan 4th Road alignment

Dongshan 4th Road alignment

Tianhu Nature Reseerve

Xiling Egretry Nature Reserve

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Table IV.9: Existing Land Uses to be taken up by Dongshan 4th Road

Works Area for Construction Activities

Existing Landscape / Land Use (ha) Land Take (ha) Cultivated

Land

Orc

ha

rd

Wo

od

lan

d

Pa

tch

y W

oo

dla

nd

Pa

tch

y

Gra

ssl

an

d

Vil

lag

e

Ho

us

e

Po

nd

s &

G

ulli

es

Oth

er

Us

es

Su

bto

tal

Per

ma

ne

nt

Te

mp

ora

ry

Pa

dd

y

Dry

Road subgrade 0.26 0.69 10.74 1.27 44.48 14.97 2.33 8.78 12.13 95.65 95.65 Bridges 2.24 3.08 5.32 5.32 Tunnels 0.14 0.41 0.55 0.55 Temp spoil storage

3.04 1.14 1.50 2.42 8.10 8.10

Spoil disposal 4.69 7.04 2.85 14.58 14.58 Haul roads 1.15 1.92 2.20 2.87 1.44 9.58 9.58 Staging areas 1.50 2.70 1.60 5.80 5.80 Total

0.26 1.84 17.20 6.10 57.97 20.94 2.33 13.87 19.07 139.5

8 101.5

2 38.06

Percentage 0.2% 1.3% 12.3% 4.4% 41.5% 15.0% 1.7% 9.9% 13.7% 100% Note: Woodland has tree coverage >20%; Patchy woodland has tree coverage <20%

Source: Draft EIR. 105. Construction of Dongshan 4th Road will take up 139.58 ha of land (101.52 ha permanently and 38.06 ha temporarily). Existing landscape in the project area is dominated by modified habitats including patchy woodland (with tree coverage <20%) (41.5%), patchy grassland (15.0%) and orchards (12.3%) as shown in Table IV.9. 106. Biological resources within the ecological assessment area for Dongshan 4th Road based on literature review and field investigation are presented in Table IV.10.

Table IV.10: Flora and Fauna within the Ecological Assessment Area of Dongshan 4th Road Alignment

Type Scientific Name Common Name Chinese NameTree Evergreen:

Pinus massoniana Horsetail Pine 马尾松 Cupressus funebris Chinese Weeping Cypress 柏木 Platycladus orientalis Chinese Arborvitae 侧柏 Cinnamomum camphora Camphor tree 樟树 Trachycarpus fortunei Chinese Windmill Palm 棕榈 Ligustrum lucidum Chinese Privet 女贞 Deciduous: Liquidambar formosana Chinese Sweet Gum 枫香 Quercus aliena Oriental White Oak 槲栎 Quercus variabilis Chinese Cork Oak 栓皮栎 Quercus acutissima Sawtooth Oak 麻栎 Castanea mollissima Chinese Chestnut 板栗 Litsea cubeba Aromatic Litsea 山鸡椒 Alangium chinense Chinese Alangium Root 八角枫 Pterocarya stenoptera Chinese Wingnut 枫杨 Celtis sinensis Chinese Hackberry 朴树 Ulmus pumila Siberian Elm 榆树 Ulmus parvifolia Chinese Elm 榔榆 Toona sinensis Chinese Mahogany 香椿 Ailanthus altissima Tree of Heaven 臭椿 Melia azedarach Bead-tree 苦楝 Koelreuteria paniculata Goldenrain Tree 栾树 Platycarya strobilacea Huaxiang Tree 化香 Sophora japonica Japanese Pagoda Tree 槐 Robinia pseudoacacia Black Locust 刺槐 Firmiana simplex Chinese Parasol Tree 梧桐

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Type Scientific Name Common Name Chinese NamePaulownia tomentosa Foxglove Tree 泡桐 Populus euramevicana Canadian Poplar 意杨 Salix matsudana Chinese Willow 旱柳 Salix babylonica Weeping willow 垂柳 Acer buergerianum Trident Maple 三角枫

Shrub Evergreen: Osmanthus fragrans sweet osmanthus 桂花 Ilex cornuta Chinese Holly 枸骨 Pyracantha fortuneana Chinese Firethorn 火棘 Ilex purpurea Purple Holly 冬青 Viburnum odoratismum Sweet Viburnum 珊瑚树 Ligustrum quihoui waxyleaf Privet 小叶女贞 Loropetalum chinense Chinese Fringe Flower 檵木 Deciduous: Broussonetia papyrifera Paper Mulberry 构树 Vitex negundo var.cannabifolia Five-leaved Chaste Tree 牡荆 Rhus chinensis Chinese Sumac 盐肤木 Indigofera pseudotinctoria Rose Carpet 马棘 Lespedeza bicolor Shrubby Bushclover 胡枝子 Piper nigrum Black Pepper 山胡椒 Glochidion puberum Abacus Plant 算盘子 Rosa multiflora Baby Rose 野蔷薇 Rubus coreanus Korean Bramble 插田泡 Lycium chinense Chinese Boxthorn 枸杞 Sapium sebiferum Chinese Tallow Tree 乌桕 Zanthoxylum simulans Chinese Prickly-ash 野花椒 Zanthoxylum planispinum Bamboo-Leaf Prickly Ash 竹叶椒 Crataegus cuneata Chinese Hawthorn 野山楂

Grass / Herbaceous

Miscanthus floridulus Giant Eulalia Grass 五节芒 Imperata cylindrica Blady Grass 白茅 Digitaria sanguinalis Hairy Crabgrass 马唐 Eleusine indica Indian Goosegrass 牛筋草 Pennisetum alopecuroides Fountain Grass 狼尾草 Cynodon dactylon Bermuda Grass 狗牙根 Paspalum paspaloides Water Finger Grass 双穗雀稗 Echinochloa crusgalli Barnyard grass 稗 Sambucus chinensis Chinese Red Elder 陆英 Oxalis pes-caprae Bermuda Buttercup 黄花酢浆草 Dendranthema indicum Indian Chrysanthemum 野菊花 Kalimeris indica Indian Aster 马兰 Taraxacum mongolicum Dandelion 蒲公英 Artemisia argyi Wormwood 艾蒿 Daucus carota Wild Carrot 野胡萝卜 Celosia argentea Plumed Cockscomb 青葙 Ophiopogon bodinieri Mondo Grass 沿阶草 Kummerowia striata Japanese Clover 鸡眼草 Mazus japonicus Japanese Mazu 通泉草 Duchesnea indica Mock Strawberry 蛇莓 Fagopyrum tataricum Tartary Buckwheat 苦荞麦 Polygonum hydropiper Water Pepper 水蓼 Polygonum perfoliatum Asiatic Tearthumb 杠板归 Rumex acetosa Sorrel 酸模 Cyperus iria Rice Flat Sedge 碎米莎草 Cyperus difformis Variable Flat Sedge 异型莎草 Fimbristylis spp. Fimbry 飘拂草类 Carex spp. Sedges 苔草类

54

Type Scientific Name Common Name Chinese NameTypha angustifolia Lesser Bulrush 水烛香蒲 Nelumbo nucifera Indian Lotus 莲 Commelina communis Asiatic Dayflower 鸭跖草 Pteris multifida 井栏边草 Dryopteris spp Spider Brake 鳞毛蕨类

Vine / Lianas

Pueraria lobata Kudzu 野葛 Stephania japonica Snake Vine 千金藤 Cocculus trilobus Korean Moonseed 木防己 Lonicera japonica Japanese Honeysuckle 金银花 Trichosanthes kirilowii Chinese Cucumber 栝蒌 Rosa laevigata Cherokee Rose 金樱子 Rosa cymosa Elderflower Rose 小果蔷薇 Rubia cordifolia Common Madder 茜草 Paederia scandens Chinese Fever Vine 鸡矢藤 Cayratia japonica Bushkiller 乌蔹莓 Ampelopsis japonica Japanese Peppervine 白蔹 Acanthopanax gracilistylus var. pubescens

短毛五加

Trachelospermum jasminoides Star Jasmine 络石 Trachelospermum jasminoides var heterophyllum

Confederate Jasmine 石血

Glycine soja Wild Soybean 野大豆 Lygodium japonicum Japanese Climbing Fern 海金沙 Humulus scandens Hop Vine 葎草 Smilax china China Root 菝葜 Clematis florida Asian Clematis 铁线莲 Ficus tikoua Waipahu Fig 地枇杷

Bamboo Phyllostachys pubescens Moso Bamboo 毛竹 Phyllostachys viridis Pigskin Bamboo 刚竹 Phyllostachys heteroclada Water Bamboo 水竹

Aquatic plant

Nelumbo nucifera Indian Lotus 莲 Colocasia esculentum var. antiquorum Imperial Taro 野芋 Typha angustifolia Lesser Bulrush 水烛香蒲 Polygonum hydropiper Water Pepper 水蓼 Oenanthe javanica Chinese Celery 水芹 Acorus tatarinowii Sweet Flag 石菖蒲 Lemna minor Common Duckweed 浮萍 Azolla imbricata Mosquito Fern 满江红 Potamogeton crispus Curly-leaf Pondweed 菹草

Plant of economic value

Citrus reticulata Mandarin Orange 柑桔 Castanea mollissma Chinese Chestnut 板栗 Prunus persica Peach 桃 Prunus salicina Chinese Plum 李 Pyrus pyrifolia Sand Pear 梨 Prunus armeniaca Apricot 杏 Eriobotrya japonica Loquat 枇杷 Citrus maxima Pomelo 柚子 Diospyros kaki Japanese Persimmon 柿树 Ziziphus jujuba Jujube 枣 Aleurites fordii Tung Tree 油桐 Camellia sinensis Tea Tree 茶

Common food crop

Zea mays Maize 玉米 Gossypium hitsutum Upland Cotton 棉 Nelumbo nucifera Indian Lotus 莲 Brassica rapa Turnip 油菜 Ipomoea balata Sweet Potato 红薯

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Type Scientific Name Common Name Chinese NameGlycine max Soybean 大豆 Sesamum indicum Sesame 芝麻 Arachis hypogaea Peanut 花生 Other fruits & vegetables in season 各种时令蔬菜瓜果

Exotic plant species

Alternanthera philoxeroides Alligator Weed 喜旱子草 Erigeron annuus Annual Fleabane 一年蓬 Conyza canadensis Horseweed 小蓬 Ambrosia artemisiifolia Common Ragweed 豚草 Aster subulatus Aster Weed 形紫菀 Eichhornia crassipes Common Water Hyacinth 水葫芦

Amphibian Bufo gargarizans Asiatic Toad 中华大蟾蜍 Rana nigromaculata Dark-spotted Frog 黑斑蛙 Rana limnocharis Cricket Frog 泽蛙 Rana guentheri Günther's frog 沼蛙 Microhyla ornata Ornate Narrow-mouthed Frog 饰纹姬蛙

Reptile Pelodiscus sinensis Chinese Softshell Turtle 鳖 Gekko japonicus Japanese Gecko 多疣壁虎 Eumeces chinensis Chinese Skink 石龙子 Dinodon rufozonatum Asian King Snake 赤链蛇 Entechinus major Greater Green Snake 翠青蛇 Rhabdophis tigrinus lateralis Tiger Keelback 虎斑游蛇 Zaocys dhumnades Big-eyed Ratsnake 乌梢蛇 Gloydius brevicaudus Short-tailed Mamushi 短尾蝮

Bird Phasianus colchicus Common Pheasant 雉鸡 Coturnix japonica Japanese Quail 鹌鹑 Streptopelia orientalis Oriental Turtle Dove 山斑鸠 Streptopelia chinensis Spotted Dove 珠颈斑鸠 Cuculus poliocephalus Lesser Cuckoo 小杜鹃 Cuculus fallax Common Cuckoo 大杜鹃 Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow 家燕 Motacilla alba White Wagtail 白鹡鸰 Pycnonotus sinensis Light-vented Bulbul 白头鹎 Corvus macrorhynchos Large-billed Crow 大嘴乌鸦 Pica pica Common Magpie 喜鹊 Cyanopica cyana Azure-winged Magpie 灰喜鹊 Parus major Great Tit 大山雀 Passer montanus Eurasian Tree Sparrow [树]麻雀 Carduelis sinica Oriental Greenfinch 金翅雀 Acridotheres cristatellus Crested Myna 八哥 Picus chlorolophus Lesser Yellow-naped Woodpecker 黄冠啄木鸟 Dendrocopos major Great Spotted Woodpecker 大斑啄木鸟 Ardeola bacchus Chinese Pond Heron 池鹭 Egretta garzetta Little Egret 白鹭

Mammal Erinaceus europaeus European Hedgehog 刺猬 Pipistrellus abramus Japanese House Bat 伏翼 Lepus capensis Brown Hare 草兔 Lepus sinensis Chinese Hare 华南兔 Rattus norvegicus Brown Rat 褐家鼠 Rattus flavipectus Common Rat 黄胸鼠 Niviventer niviventer White-bellied Rat 社鼠 Mus musculus House Mouse 小家鼠 Apodemus agrarius Striped Field Mouse 黑线姬鼠 Cricetulus barabensis Chinese Striped Hamster 黑线仓鼠 Mustela sibirica Siberian Weasel 黄鼬 Meles meles European Badger 狗獾 Melogale moschata Chinese Ferret-badger 鼬獾

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Type Scientific Name Common Name Chinese NameShellfish / Mollusk

Limnoperna lacustris Golden Mussel 淡水壳菜 Anodonta woodiana Chinese Pond Mussel 背角无齿蚌 Hyriopsis cumingii Pearl Oyster 三角帆蚌 Cristaria plicata Cockscomb Pearl Mussel 褶纹冠蚌 Arconaia lanceolata 扭蚌 Corbicula fluminea Asian Clam 河蚬 Cipangopaludina chinensis Chinese Mystery Snail 中国圆田螺

Fish Mylopharyngodon piceus Black Carp 青鱼 Ctenopharyngodon idellus Grass Carp 草鱼 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Silver Carp 鲢鱼 Aristichthys nobilis Bighead Carp 鳙鱼 Cyprinus carpio Common Carp 鲤鱼 Siniperca chuatsi Chinese Perch 鳜鱼 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Yellowhead Catfish 黄颡鱼 Erythroculter dabryi Lake Skygazer 青梢红鲌 Carassius auratus Goldfish 鲫鱼 Abbottina rivularis Chinese False Gudgeon 棒花鱼 Mastacembelus aculeatus Spiny Eel 刺鳅 Misgurnuss anguillicaudatas Dojo Loach 泥鳅 Monopterus albus Swamp Eel 黄鳝 Hemiculter bleekeri Minnow 油鲹 Opsariichthys bidens Chinese Hook Snout Carp 南方马口鱼 Zacco platypus Freshwater Minnow 宽鳍鱲

Source: Draft EIR. 107. Biological resources within the ecological assessment area of Dongshan 4th Road are typified by landscapes that have been influenced by human activities with plantations, patchy woodland and man-made ponds that support a variety of common plant and animal species. There is no natural woodland or forest within the assessment area or other habitats that support high levels of biodiversity. Literature review and field investigation did not reveal the presence of critical habitat, rare, threatened or endangered species in the ecological assessment area of Dongshan 4th Road alignment. 108. There are, however, a number of plant and animal species that are on the provincial and/or national protection lists, mainly to protect them against illegal picking, hunting or capture because of their economic and research values. There are five plant species that are listed in the National Wild Plant Protection List (First Lot) as shown in Table IV.11. Of these, four were found to be cultivated species within the assessment area and only the Wild Soybean (Glycine soja) was found growing in the wild on the roadside near the Xiaomaoerchong dammed pond (Figure IV.3), and was also abundant along the road side and in shrub and woodland underbrush (see Table IV.11).

Table IV.11: Plant species in the Assessment Area of Dongshan 4th Road that are on the National Wild Plant Protection List (First Lot)

No. Scientific Name Common Name Distribution Abundance Protection

Status 1 Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo Roadside, house front + Class I

2 Liriodendron chinense

Chinese Tulip Tree

Roadside landscape belt + Class II

3 Cinnamomum camphora

Camphor Tree Road side landscape belt, woodland

+++ Class II

4 Nelumbo nucifera Indian Lotus Ponds, gullies +++ Class II

5 Glycine soja Wild Soybean Roadside, underbrush of shrub and woodland

++++ Class II

Source: Draft EIR.

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Figure IV.3: Wild Soybean on Roadside Near the Xiaomaoerchong Dammed

Pond 109. Table IV.12 lists 40 animal species that have been recorded in the assessment area for the Dongshan 4th Road alignment that are on the provincial wild animal protection list and/or the National Protection List of Terrestrial Wild Animal with Beneficial or Important Economic and Scientific Research Value (NBES).

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Table IV.12: Protection Status of Animals in the Assessment Area of Dongshan 4th Road

No. Scientific Name Common Name

Distribution Abundance Protection Status

Provincial NBES

1 Bufo gargarizans Asiatic Toad Ponds, gullies, river banks, paddy fields, around houses

+++ √ √

2 Rana nigromaculata Dark-spotted Frog

Ponds, gullies, small rivers & nearby grass meadow

+++ √ √

3 Rana limnocharis Cricket Frog Pond marsh, paddy field and nearby moist field

+++ √ √

4 Rana guentheri Günther's Frog

Rice paddy ++ √ √

5 Microhyla ornata

Ornate Narrow- mouthed Frog

Paddy field and grass meadow near ponds

+ √ √

6 Pelodiscus sinensis Chinese Softshell Turtle

Ponds, reservoirs and slow flowing streams and rivers

+ √

7 Gekko japonicus Japanese Gecko

Inside and near buildings +++ √

8 Eumeces chinensis Chinese Skink

Plains, hills and hilly roadside grass and rubbles

+++ √

9 Dinodon rufozonatum

Asian King Snake

Hilly areas below 1000m elevation, open field on the plain, around houses

++ √

10 Entechinus major Greater Green Snake

Mountain forest, shrub and farmland

+ √

11 Rhabdophis tigrinus lateralis

Tiger Keelback

Near water on the plain and hilly areas

+ √

12 Zaocys dhumnades Big-eyed Ratsnake

Near farmland on the plain and hilly areas, around houses

++ √ √

13 Gloydius brevicaudus

Short-tailed Mamushi

Rubbles, grass mounds and shrub, farmland, near village houses

++ √

14 Phasianus colchicus

Common Pheasant

Mountainous area shrubs, bamboo stands and grass meadows, hilly farmland and reed ponds

++ √

15 Coturnix japonica Japanese Quail

Dry and near water low hill areas, grass and shrubberies, empty field and farmland edges

+ √

16 Streptopelia orientalis

Oriental Turtle Dove

Mountainous and hilly areas with plentiful trees and woodland

+ √

17 Streptopelia chinensis

Spotted Dove Hilly area forests and plains with plentiful trees, near farmland

++ √ √

18 Cuculus poliocephalus

Lesser Cuckoo

Low hilly area woodland ++ √ √

19 Cuculus fallax Common Cuckoo

Near water woodland in open field

++ √ √

20 Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow Near villages +++ √ √

21 Motacilla alba White Wagtail

Lake and river banks and lake side grass meadows

++ √

22 Pycnonotus sinensis

Light-vented Bulbul

Woodland and shrubberies

+ √

23 Corvus macrorhynchos

Large-billed Crow

Mountain areas, fields and large trees outside villages

+ √

24 Pica pica Common Villages in mountainous +++ √ √

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No. Scientific Name Common Name

Distribution Abundance Protection Status

Provincial NBESMagpie areas and woodlands on

plains

25 Cyanopica cyana Azure-winged Magpie

Woodland and shrubberies in mid-level of hills, mixed and pine forests near villages

++ √ √

26 Parus major Great Tit Woodlands on the plains and in hilly and mountainous areas

++ √ √

27 Passer montanus Eurasian Tree Sparrow

Near villages and farmland

++++ √

28 Carduelis sinica Oriental Greenfinch

Edge of broad-leave woodland and shrubberies in low hilly areas

+ √

29 Acridotheres cristatellus

Crested Myna

Villages and plantations on the plain; edges of hilly woodland and bamboo stands

++ √ √

30 Picus chlorolophus Lesser Yellow-naped Woodpecker

Large trees in mountainous areas, fields and outside villages

+ √

31 Dendrocopos major Great Spotted Woodpecker

Large trees in mountainous areas, fields and outside villages

+ √

32 Ardeola bacchus Chinese Pond Heron

Paddy fields, ponds, reservoirs, bamboo stands

+ √

33 Egretta garzetta Little Egret Paddy fields, ponds, reservoirs, bamboo stands

++ √ √

34 Erinaceus europaeus

European Hedgehog

Near villages, tree roots and fallen trees, rubble cracks, shrubberies

++ √

35 Lepus capensis Brown Hare

Shrubberies and grass near farmland or nearby gullies, hill slope shrubberies and woodland edges

++ √

36 Lepus sinensis Chinese Hare

Foot hill grass slopes and shrubberies, near farmland

+ √ √

37 Niviventer niviventer

White-bellied Rat

Woodland, shrubberies, farm product storage areas, rubble cracks and grass fields near streams

++ √

38 Mustela sibirica Siberian Weasel

Forest edges, shrubberies, marsh, river valley, hilly and plain areas

++ √

39 Meles meles European Badger

Hilly areas, shrubberies + √

40 Melogale moschata Chinese Ferret-badger

Forest and grass fields in river valley and forest

+ √ √

Source: Draft EIR. D. Solid Waste Management

110. Yichang has two sanitary landfills for the disposal of municipal solid waste. The Sanhuanwan Landfill has a design capacity of 1.5587 million m3 with a daily intake of 232 t.

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The Huangjiawan Landfill has a design capacity of 2.75 million m3 with a daily intake of 500t. Two other sanitary landfills are under construction: the Dianjun Landfill with a design capacity of 0.905 million m3 and daily intake of 130 t; and the Xiaoting Landfill with a design capacity of 1.93 million m3 and daily intake of 350 t. E. Socioeconomic Conditions

111. Population. Yichang has a land area of 21,000 km2 and a population of 3,985,000 among which 2,023,100 live in the urban area of 828 km2. Yichang’s urbanization rate is 32.2%. This Project will benefit four urban Districts: Yiling, Xiling, Wujiagang and Xiaoting. These four districts have a combined land area of 3,660 km2 and a combined population of 1,307,700,14 accounting for 33% of the Yichang population and 65% of its urban population. 112. Economy and GDP. In 2010, Yichang’s per capita gross domestic product (GDP) was CNY 38,181, higher than the provincial and national averages (Table IV.13). The four districts especially Xiaoting show per capita GDP that were considerably higher than the provincial average. Output of secondary industries dominated GDPs in Yiling, Xiling and Xiaoting districts, with Yiling and Xiaoting enjoying considerable growth. Tertiary industries dominated Wujiagang’s GDP which also showed growth.

Table IV.13: Comparison of Gross Domestic Product and its Components

Area Gdp (Cny 1

Billion)

Primary Industry

Secondary Industry

Tertiary Industry Growth Rate

Per Capita GDP (CNY Output % Output % Output %

PRC 39,798.300 4,049.700 10.2 18,648.10

0 46.8

17,100.500

43.0 4.3 : 12.2 : 9.5 37,977

Hubei 1,580.609 214.700 13.6 775.465 49.1 589.444 37.3 4.6 : 21.1 : 10.1 27,906 Wuhan 551.576 17.004 3.1 253.282 45.9 281.290 51.0 4.5 : 17.8 : 12.5 56,880 Yichang 154.732 17.650 11.4 89.012 57.5 48.070 31.1 5.1 : 19.1 : 13.5 38,181 Project area

66.715 2.993 4.5 42.925 64.3 20.797 31.2 n/a 75,028

Yiling 18.220 2.702 14.8 11.183 61.4 4.335 23.8 6.8 : 29.3 : 2.1 35,025

Xiling 29.025 0.053 0.2 19.649 67.7 9.323 32.1 17.1 : -0.7 :

15.0 56,678

Wujiagang 9.401 0.107 1.1 2.806 29.9 6.488 69.0 9.5 : 7.2 : 15.8 43,889 Xiaoting 10.069 0.131 1.3 9.287 92.2 0.651 6.7 -4.4 : 82.9 : 7.1 164,520

Source: 2011 Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletins (National, Hubei, Yichang); Yichang Statistical Yearbook (2011).

113. Per capita disposable income of urban residents was lower than the provincial and national averages, and per capita net income of rural residents was higher than the provincial and national averages (Table IV.14).

Table IV.14: Comparison of Per Capita Disposable Income

Area Residents’ per Capita Disposable Income (CNY)

Urban Rural PRC 19,109 5,919 Hubei 16,058 5,832 Wuhan 20,806 8,295 Yichang 14,282 5,980 Project area 15,857 7,365 Yiling 16,756 8,515 Xiling 15,557 7,002 Wujiagang 15,557 6,993 Xiaoting 15,557 6,950

Source: PPTA Interim Report.

14 Yichang Statistical Year Book (2011).

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114. Employment. In 2010, Yichang’s urban employed population was 1.017 million, and urban unemployment rate was 3.1%, lower than the provincial (4.2%) and national (4.1%) averages. 115. Traffic Condition. Yichang has approximately 2,500 km of roads. There are seven bridges crossing the Yangtze River. Major roads include National Highways 318 and 209, Huyu Expressway, Hurong Expressway, Jiangnan Fanba Expressway and Sanxia Highway totaling approximately 350 km. Yichang is also a key railway network node in connecting Chengdu, Chongqin, Wuhan, Nanjing and Shanghai. The Wuhan–Yichang portion of the Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu high speed railway corridor is in service at the newly built “Yichang East Rail Station” which is a multi-model transport interchange with the also newly built provincial bus terminal beside the new railway station. 116. Traffic Safety. In 2011, 558 traffic accidents occurred in Yichang, in which 226 persons were killed and 750 persons injured, with direct property losses of CNY3 million. Compared to the previous year, the number of accidents was reduced by 106 or 16%, the number of persons killed reduced by 6 or 2.6%, the number of persons injured reduced by 103 or 12.1%, and direct property losses increased by CNY1.87 million or 167%. 117. The causes of traffic accidents include: (i) over-driving, failure to give way as stipulated, illegal forcible driving, driving on non-designated lanes, illegal racing, illegal overtake, breach of traffic signals, unlicensed driving and reverse driving; and (ii) motorcycle accidents which account for over half of the number of persons killed, from driving on non-designated lanes, failure to give way as stipulated, illegal racing, unlicensed driving and reverse driving. 118. Traffic accidents involving pedestrians and bicycles are relatively small in number, but are more likely to occur at the following five blackspots: (1) Yichang No. 15 Middle School segment of Dongshan Avenue, with about 25 traffic accidents in the past 2 years, (2) Beishanpo segment of Dongshan Avenue, with about 20 traffic accidents in the past 2 years, (3) Power Hotel segment of Dongshan Avenue, with about 20 traffic accidents in the past two years, (4) Xiling 2nd Road segment of Dongshan Avenue, with about 35 traffic accidents in the past two years, and (5) Wangzhougang Road segment of Yemingzhu Road, with about 30 traffic accidents in the past two years. F. Physical Cultural Resources

119. Literature review and field inspection by the LDI did not reveal the presence of physical cultural resources as defined in SPS 2009 within the assessment area. Should buried artifacts of archaeological significance be uncovered during the construction stage within the project areas, construction will be stopped and immediately reported to the Yichang Cultural Heritage Bureau in accordance with the PRC’s Cultural Heritage Protection Law. G. Greenhouse Gas Emissions

120. Hubei Province relies heavily on coal for power generation and industries, which produces more greenhouse gases (GHGs) than oil and gas. In 2008, Hubei consumed 126 million tons of standard coal, which were 4.42% of the national total and represented an increase of 27.9% over the 2005 consumption. In December 2009, the Hubei Provincial Government (HPG) issued an announcement to all levels of government departments within the province on an action plan to combat climate change in Hubei Province. Among the actions were efforts to reduce GHG emissions through reductions in energy consumption and developments of renewable energy. HPG set a consumption target of 1.12 t standard

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coal per unit industrial GDP by 2012, a reduction of approximately 15% from the 2008 level of 1.314 t standard coal per unit industrial GDP. 121. Yichang’s coal consumption at the end of the 11th five-year plan period (year 2010) was 1.89 t per unit industrial GDP, a reduction of approximately 20.6% over the consumption of 2.38 t of standard coal per unit industrial GDP at the end of the 10th five-year plan period (year 2005). In its outline for the 12th five-year plan, Yichang set a target of 17% reduction of the 2010 level in standard coal consumption per unit industrial GDP at the end of the 12th five-year plan period (year 2015). It further established a new target on reducing carbon emission per unit industrial GDP of 18% over the 2010 level (not given) by the end of the 12th five-year plan period. 15

15 Yichang Municipal Government. 2011. Outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Yichang Citizens’ Economic and

Social Development, (January 2011)

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V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

A. Positive Impacts and Environmental Benefits

122. Beneficiaries. The Project will directly benefit a population of 1,307,700, those residing in the Districts of Yiling, Xiling, Wujiagang and Xiaoting. The urban poor population in the beneficiary area is 32,673, accounting for 3.32% of Yichang’s urban population, lower than Yichang’s urban poverty incidence of 4.79% and higher than the national urban poverty incidence of 3.25%. The rural poor population in the beneficiary area is 39,100, accounting for 12.12% of the rural population in the project area, lower than the national rural poverty incidence of 13.4% and Hubei’s rural poverty incidence of 33.72%. The Project will further benefit, indirectly, the remaining population of 2,677,300 in Yichang. Residents will benefit from a sustainable transport system which will support the urban and industrial developments. According to the FSR, the number of passengers using the BRT daily will increase from 255,600 in 2014 to 506,100 in 2028. An efficient public transport system will reduce the costs of transport in serving the major districts, industrial sites, transport hubs and to provide better accessibility to employment and services in the city. It will be the most direct approach to promote economic growth over the existing public transport system. To support the multi-modal logistics center, an efficient transport network which provides good accessibility to the various logistics parks will optimize the costs involve and the capacity of the pass-dam transshipment. The project will also maximize the benefits of improved infrastructure by encouraging behavioral change with respect to road safety and traffic management. 123. Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor. Provision of dedicated lanes for public buses will have a number of benefits. 124. First, it will improve traffic flow since the buses do not have to fight for lanes with other motor vehicles when getting in and out of stops, resulting in better road safety and faster travel time for the passengers. 125. Secondly, travelling on dedicated lanes will reduce stop-and-go in congested traffic, allowing the buses to travel at faster and more constant speed. This would result in less carbon emissions per vehicle per mile travelled (see Climate Change below). 126. Thirdly, the provision of a BRT corridor will reduce traffic noise compared to the “no project” scenario, due to buses travelling more smoothly on dedicated lanes in the center of the carriageway, instead of the present in-and-out, stop-and-go conditions. Table V.1 compares traffic noise attenuation with and without the BRT corridor. Table V.2 shows traffic noise reduction at selected sensitive receptors with the BRT corridor. Noise modeling data presented later in the section on operational stage impact and mitigation also show improvements (reductions) in noise levels in 2018 and 2030 at sensitive receptors compared to the 2012 condition. Table V.2 further shows that the sensitive receptor Yixing Avenue No. 28 is currently exposed to traffic noise level that exceeds the 70 dB(A) standard stipulated in GB 3096-2008 for Functional Area Category 4a. Yet with the BRT corridor, noise level at this sensitive receptor would be in compliance with the standard.

Table V.1: Traffic Noise Attenuation With and Without the BRT Corridor

Road Section BRT Status Road and Traffic Condition Traffic Noise [dB(A)] at

Distances from Road Center 20m 40m 80m 200m


With BRT 7 m wide BRT corridor in road center, 6 m wide non-motorized vehicle lane on both sides

65.8 60.4 56.5 50.6

Without BRT 19 m wide carriageway, public buses mixed with private vehicles traffic

66.8 60.8 56.7 51.1

Difference -1.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5

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Road Section BRT Status Road and Traffic Condition Traffic Noise [dB(A)] at

Distances from Road Center 20m 40m 80m 200m


With BRT 7 m wide BRT corridor in road center, 7.5 m wide non-motorized vehicle lane on both sides

66.7 61.2 57.1 51.1

Without BRT 22 m wide carriageway, public buses mixed with private vehicles traffic

67.8 61.4 57.6 51.5

Difference -1.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4

Source: Draft EIR.

Table V.2: Traffic Noise Levels at Selected Sensitive Receptors With and Without the BRT Corridor

Road Section Sensitive Receptor

Distance to Road Redline

BRT Status

Road and Traffic Condition Traffic Noise

[dB(A)]


Yixing Avenue #28

0 m

With BRT 7 m wide BRT corridor in road center, 6 m wide non-motorized vehicle lane on both sides

69.9

Without BRT

19 m wide carriageway, public buses mixed with private vehicles traffic

73.8

Difference -3.9


Wanjiaxinfu Garden

10 m

With BRT 7 m wide BRT corridor in road center, 7.5 m wide non-motorized vehicle lane on both sides

63.0

Without BRT

22 m wide carriageway, public buses mixed with private vehicles traffic

64.2

Difference -1.2 Source: Draft EIR. 127. Dongshan 4th Road. This road will offer opportunities for the city to expand in the northeast direction and gradually alter the linear strip pattern of the city. It will improve the connectivity of the different districts of urban area in Yichang. Dongshan 4th Road will connect two industrial parks and form a freight transport corridor to the north of the central urban area. The beneficiaries include the logistic park of Wujiagang located to the north of the rail station, and Xiaoxita industrial park located in the northern part of Yajiahe. The northern districts of Yichang are currently supported by the tolled expressway. Dongshan 4th Road will compliment the tolled expressway. 128. Dongshan 4th Road will improve the connectivity of the western regions of Hubei Province. It will improve the accessibility to the northern part of Yichang and promote the development of local economy. In return, it will provide more jobs in the area and reduce the poverty of these areas in Yichang. 129. Climate Change. Provision of the BRT corridor will allow the buses to travel at faster and more constant speed. This would result in less carbon emissions per vehicle per mile travelled. According to Bai, Eisinger and Niemeier (2009),16 CO2 emission factors for both gasoline and diesel motor vehicles would decrease from approximately 500 gm CO2/mi to approximately 250 gm CO2/mi when the vehicle speed increases from 25 mph to 75 mph, with diesel motors having a slightly lower emission factor than gasoline motors. This is a climate change mitigation benefit. The proposed introduction of compressed natural gas (CNG) buses will also contribute to reduced emission loads. 130. The Dongshan 4th Road will be an urban expressway in its western section and a Class I highway in its eastern section. Motor vehicles travelling on Dongshan 4th Road will be able to travel at higher speeds compared to travelling on other city roads if there is no Dongshan 4th Road. Based on calculations from the LDI, emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides would be reduced by 2 t, 102 t and 304 t per year 16 Bai S., D. Eisinger and D. Niemeier. 2009. MOVES vs. EMFAC: a comparison of greenhouse gas emissions

using Los Angeles County. Transportation Researh Board 2009 Annual Meeting. 15 pp.

65

respectively. This will contribute to improving the air quality of Yichang as well as providing climagte change mitigation benefits. The PPTA traffic consultants estimated that this would result in a reduction of 102,570 t/a of CO2 emissions. B. Impacts Associated with Project Location, Planning and Design

131. The project roads will either temporarily or permanently take up land. Land will be used temporarily for staging construction works or for the storage and disposal of excavated spoil and such land will be restored. Land that is taken up for temporarily staging the construction of Dongshan 4th Road would be approximately 38.06 ha (see Table IV.9). Construction of the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor would be staged on and within the existing carriageway. 132. Land that is to be used permanently by the road alignment will be unavailable to existing users and inhabitants in these areas. The Dongshan Avenue Corridor would take up approximagtely 87.65 ha of land, which is mostly the existing carriageway. The Dongshan 4th Road would take up approximately 101.52 ha of land (see Table IV.9). This is an irreversible impact. Compensation will be in accordance with PRC and ADB requirements. 133. Tree Felling. Based on the tree survey report provided by YPMO, the design of the BRT corridor would result in felling 1,836 out of 3,426 trees on Dongshan Avenue, or 54%. Most are located on the landscape strips between the motor vehicle lanes and the bicycle lanes. Of these, 546 trees have trunk diameters > 40 cm and 279 (51%) will be felled, most are Sycamore trees (Platanus occidentalis), with a few Himalayan Cedar (Cedrus deodara). Detailed design of the BRT corridor will maximize the retention of these 546 trees with trunk diameters >40 cm. 134. Measures during Detailed Design. The following environmental measures will permanently become part of the infrastructure and need to be included in the detailed design of facilities by the design institutes:

i. Technical design of roads must ensure public health and safety, promote non-motorized traffic, and ensure barrier-free design for disabled people.

ii. Technical design of the road subgrade, pavement, road-side slopes, bridge structures and drainage system must consider adaptive measures to climate change such as increase in temperature and precipitation, and intensity and frequency of extreme weather events;

iii. Technical design of the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor must avoid destroying the two Hubei Ash trees ((Fraxinus hupehensis) planted approximately 5 m from the Sanxia Road roadside in front of the Pinghutianxia community (see Figure IV.1).

iv. Tree preservation on the BRT corridor: The YPMO has carried out a tree survey of the BRT corridor as described above and confirmed that existing street trees will be retained in the detailed design of the BRT corridor wherever possible, in particular the 546 trees with trunk diameters > 40 cm. Where this is not possible trees will be transplanted. Review of the BRT corridor preliminary designs indicated that it would be possible to retain existing trees on the sidewalk with minor alterations during detailed design and to plant a new corridor of trees on either side of the BRT. The retention of existing trees and planting of new trees will improve urban quality, provide shade and screening and is in line with the national vision for Yichang as a demonstration city for environment.

66

135. Measures during Pre-construction. A number of environmental management measures will be implemented in the pre-construction phase to ensure the project’s environment management readiness. These include:

i. Institutional strengthening, including (a) appointment of qualified environment specialists within the YPMO by the YPMO; (b) appointment of one environment specialist within the IA by the IA; (c) hiring of loan implementation environmental consultant (LIEC) within loan administration consultant services by the YPMO; and (d) contracting of environmental monitoring station by the IA to conduct environment effect monitoring.

ii. Updating the EMP: Mitigation measures defined in this EMP will be updated based on final technical design. This will be the responsibility of the YPMO, using the LDIs.

iii. Land-take confirmation: The Resettlement Plan will be updated with final inventory. This will be the responsibility of the IA, using the LDIs.

iv. Contract documents: Include EMP obligations in tender documents, referencing the EMP and monitoring plan. This will be the responsibility of the LDIs, with support of YPMO and the LIEC.

v. Environmental protection training: Environmental specialists and/or officials from the Yichang EPB will be invited to provide training on implementation and supervision of environmental mitigation measures to contractors. This will be the responsibility of the YPMO, with support of the LIEC.

C. Impacts and Mitigation Measures during the Construction Stage

136. Impact Screening. Potential impacts during road construction will include air quality, noise, water quality, solid waste and occupational health and safety. Potential air quality impacts could occur due to fugitive dust generated on the construction site from stockpiles of uncovered earth materials and vehicles travelling on unpaved haul roads; as well as fumes from asphalt mixing plants. The use of powered mechanical equipment during construction activities will generate noise. Construction activities will generate process wastewater and construction workers will produce wastewater. Construction works will produce construction and demolition (C&D) wastes including excavated earth materials. Workers will face occupational health and safety issues working on construction sites, such as during road paving when workers are near the asphalt mixing plant and exposed to fumes from the plant. These potential impacts are assessed and addressed below. Land contamination would not be an issue in this project since there has been no industrial activity within the construction footprint of the project roads.

1. Impact on Physical Resources

137. Air Quality. Fugitive emission of dust (which is total suspended solids, TSP) during earth works and fumes from asphalt mixing and concrete batching are the main air pollutants during the construction stage. The present plan is to use commercial asphalt so there will not be any asphalt mixing on site. Asphalt fumes will only be generated during road paving. Construction of the BRT stops along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor would use ready mixed concrete. However, concrete batching could be needed on site for constructing the bridge structures and girders for Dongshan 4th Road. 138. Asphalt paving will produce fumes containing small quantities of toxic and hazardous chemicals such as volatile organic compounds (VOC) and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Concrete batching for bridge structures will produce TSP. Air Pollutant Integrated Emission Standard (GB 16297-1996) controls the emission of air pollutants from these activities (see Table II.4). Asphalt fumes during road paving would have greater impact

67

along Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor than along Dongshan 4th Road because the former has considerably more sensitive receptors given the dense population. Asphalt fumes generated during road paving would be considerably less than fumes generated during mixing, and according to information provided in the EIR, once the paved asphalt is cooled to <82o C, asphalt fumes would be reduced substantially and then totally when the asphalt is solidified. The impact from asphalt fumes during road paving is therefore of short duration. According to information provided in the EIR, TSP levels from similar construction projects have been found to be approximately 9 mg/m3, 1.65 mg/m3 and 0.3 mg/m3 at distances of 50 m, 100 m and 150 m downwind of concrete batching activities. Compliance with the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-1996) standard would be achieved at 150 m downwind. Mitigation measures such as enclosing the concrete batching plant and installing bag house filters or other suitable pollution control equipment will be implemented to protect sensitive receptors within 150 m of the concrete batching activities. 139. Fugitive dust (TSP) would be generated on construction sites during earth works, from vehicles travelling on unpaved areas and haul roads, and from uncovered earth material stockpiles on construction sites and spoil storage and disposal areas. The EIR predicted compliance with the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-1996) at 150 m downwind of TSP generating activities or location. With mitigation measures such as frequent watering of unpaved areas and haul roads (7–8 times each day), the EIR estimated that the amount of dust could be reduced by 70% or more and the impact area would be reduced to within 100 m downwind of earth work activities. 140. The following mitigation measures to suppress dust on construction sites, including frequent watering of unpaved areas, backfill areas and haul roads described above, will be adopted:

i. Water unpaved areas, backfill areas and haul roads 7-8 times each day; ii. Erect hoarding around dusty activities; iii. Strengthen the management of stockpile and spoil storage areas with

frequent watering or covering with tarpaulin; iv. Minimize the storage time of construction and demolition wastes on site by

regularly removing them off site; v. Do not overload trucks for transporting earth materials to avoid spilling dusty

materials onto public roads; vi. Equip trucks for transporting earth materials with covers or tarpaulin to cover

up the earthy materials during transport; vii. Install wheel washing equipment or conduct wheel washing manually at each

exit of the works area to prevent trucks from carrying muddy or dusty substance onto public roads;

viii. Immediately cleanup all muddy or dusty materials on public roads outside the exits of the works areas;

ix. Sensibly plan the transport routes and time to avoid busy traffic and heavily populated areas when transporting earthy materials;

x. Immediately plan vegetation in all temporary land take areas upon completion of construction to prevent dust and soil erosion.

141. The above air quality impacts during the construction stage would be of short duration. Road construction is a linear activity. When a road section is constructed and paved, the construction activities move on and away from nearby sensitive receptors. Potential sensitive receptors will therefore be exposed to short term impacts. With the above mitigation measures in place, potential air quality impacts during the construction stage would be acceptable.

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142. Noise. Noise is emitted by powered mechanical equipment (PME) used during construction. Predicted construction noise attenuation during different phases of road construction based on combined sound power levels of PME used is shown in Table V.3.

Table V.3: Construction Noise Attenuation during Road Construction

Construction Phase Noise Levels [dB(A)] at Distances from the Noise Notional Source

10m 20m 30m 40m 60m 80m 100m 150m 200mEarth works 92 85 81 77 73 70 67 63 60 Foundation works 96 88 85 81 77 74 71 69 64 Super structural works 94 87 83 79 75 72 69 65 62 (GB 12523-2011) standards

Day time: 70; Night time (2200-0600 hr): 55

Source: Draft EIR. 143. Table V.3 shows that to comply with GB 12523-2011 standards, PMEs would have to be located at distances of 80 m during earth works, 100 m during super structural works and 150 m during foundation works from the construction site boundary in the day time. At night, PMEs would have to be located more than 200 m from the construction site boundary. The footprint of a road construction site is long and narrow and such distance separation is unrealistic especially with existing roadside sensitive receptors. The following mitigation measures are needed to reduce construction noise to acceptable levels:

i. Use quiet equipment (choose the model with the lowest sound power level); ii. Adopt good O&M of machinery; iii. Use temporary hoardings or noise barriers to shield off noise sources; iv. Avoid construction between 2200 and 0600 hours. However, recognizing that

road construction occasionally would require some works to be conducted at night to take advantage of less road traffic or to avoid worsening day time traffic conditions, night time construction work should prevent using high sound power level equipment and nearby residents should be notified of such night time activities well beforehand;

v. Liaise with all the schools along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and reduce noisy construction activities or shield off noise sources using temporary hoardings or noise barriers when day time construction works are within 150 m of these schools during examination periods.

144. The World Bank Group’s EHS guideline also provides the following guidance to mitigate noise and vibration impacts caused by the operation of pile drivers, earth moving and excavation equipment, concrete mixers, cranes and the transportation of equipment, materials and people during construction and decommissioning activities:

i. Planning activities in consultation with local communities so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise and vibration are planned during periods of the day that will result in least disturbance.

ii. Using noise control devices, such as temporary noise barriers and deflectors for impact and blasting activities, and exhaust muffling devices for combustion engines.

iii. Avoiding or minimizing project transportation through community areas 145. Water Quality. Uncontrolled wastewater and muddy runoff from construction sites could potentially pollute nearby water bodies and the irrigation channels and clog up drains especially during construction of the Dongshan 4th Road. This is especially true during tunneling where ground water encountered would have very high suspended solids (SS) levels. The EIR estimated that water seepage during tunneling could generate up to 100 t/d of wastewater with high SS concentration. The EIR also estimated that the number of

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construction workers would be about 400, who will generate approximately 41 t/d of wastewater containing 14.35 kg/d COD and 2.05 kg/d NH3-N. To prevent pollution of surface water, the following mitigation measures will be implemented:

i. Portable toilets and small package WWTPs will be provided for the workers and canteens;

ii. If there are nearby public sewers, interim storage tanks and pipelines will be installed to convey wastewater to those sewers;

iii. Sedimentation tanks or other suitable facilities will be installed on-site to treat process water (e.g. concrete batching for bridge construction) and muddy runoff with high concentrations of suspended solids (e.g. during tunneling). If necessary, flocculants such as PAM will be used to facilitate sedimentation;

iv. Construction of the foundations for the three river crossing bridges will take place from October to June during the dry season, thereby minimizing potential water quality impact. If needed, mitigation measures such as adopting the open caisson construction method or placing sandbags or berms around foundation works areas to contain muddy water runoff will be adopted.

146. Ground Water. Tunneling during construction of Dongshan 4th Road will drain off groundwater from the hillside slopes. As described earlier, the quantity of ground water on hillside slopes should be considerably less than the ground water quantity in the alluvial-pluvial strata of rivers and gullies. Nevertheless, excessive seepage of ground water during tunneling could compromise soil stability of these hillside slopes. The mitigation measure is to immediately apply sealant to caulk up ground water seeps when seepage occurs. This will also reduce the need to treat excessive amounts of ground water with very high SS levels. 147. Ground water seeping out of rock fractures during tunneling usually contains high concentrations of SS that will require treatment to remove the solids before it could be discharged to drains. Sedimentation tanks or similar treatment facilities will be installed on site to settle the suspended solids. If needed, flocculation polyacrylamide chemicals such as will be used to facilitate particles settling. 148. Solid Waste. Solid waste generated during construction will include construction and demolition (C&D) waste dominated by excavated spoil and refuse generated by construction workers (estimated in the EIR to be approximately 400 kg/d) on construction sites. If not properly disposed, such wastes will create community health and sanitation problems. 149. The existing pavement of 123,700 m3 on the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor will be recycled for use as paving materials for the new road surface and C&D waste will therefore be minimized. Construction of Dongshan 4th Road will involve substantial quantities of cut and fill (see Table III.12). Although approximately 83% will be re-used in this project, there are still 962,500 m3 of earth material that need disposal (see Table III.12), and the disposal sites for such material have been identified (see Table III.14). 150. To minimize adverse impacts from the refuse generated by the workers and C&D waste, refuse will be stored in closed containers and regularly transported off-site for disposal at landfills. C&D wastes will be cleared and removed regularly. 2. Impact on Soil, Natural Resources, Ecology and Biodiversity 151. Soil Erosion. Table V.4 shows the predicted soil erosion contributed by this project to be 42.871 t. To minimize soil erosion during construction, Table V.5 describes how different soil erosion mitigation measures will be applied to different works areas.

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Table V.4: Predicted Soil Erosion from this Project

Prediction Area Prediction Period

Erosion Back

ground

Erosion Factor

Erosion Area

Duration Back

Ground Loss

Total Loss

Loss due to Project

t/km2.a t/km2.a ha a t t tDongshan Ave BRT corridor

Road foundation

Construction 200 8000 87.65 2.0 351 14024 13673 Recovery 200 1500 12.41 2.0 50 372 322 Sub-total 401 14396 13995

Dongshan 4th Road

Road foundation


Bridge works


Tunnel works

Construction 1340 15000 0.55 3.0 22 248 226 Recovery 1340 0 0 2.0 0 0 0 Sub-total 22 248 226

Temporary spoil storage


Sp

oil

dis

po

sal Pits &

ponds


Gullies


Haul roads Construction 1160 6000 9.58 3.0 333 1724 1391 Recovery 1160 1500 9.58 2.0 222 287 65 Sub-total 555 2011 1456

Staging areas


Subtotal Construction 139.58 3578 30448 26870 Recovery 71.66 1350 3356 2006 Sub-total 4928 33804 28876

Total Construction 227.23 3929 44472 40543 Recovery 84.07 1400 3728 2328 Sub-total 5329 48200 42871

Source: Draft EIR.

Table V.5: Soil Erosion Mitigation Measures

Mitigation Measure

Dongsha

n Avenue

BRT

Corridor

Dongshan 4th Road

Su

bg

rad

e

Wo

rks

Are

as

Su

bg

rad

e

Wo

rks

Are

as

Bri

dg

es

Wo

rks

Are

as

Tu

nn

el W

ork

s

Are

as

Te

mp

ora

ry

Sp

oil

Sto

rag

e

Are

as

Sp

oil

Dis

po

sa

l

Are

as

Co

ns

tru

cti

on

Hau

l Ro

ads

Co

ns

tru

cti

on

Sta

gin

g A

rea

s

En

gin

eer

ing

Me

asu

re

Intercepting drains √ √ √

Retaining wall √

Topsoil stripping √ √ √

Topsoil return √ √ √

Topsoil transport √

Settling basin √ √

Loosening of hardened layer √

Removal of hardened layer √

Rehabilitation √

Land levelling √

rary

Me

asu Sandbag placement & removal √ √ √ √ √ √

Tarpaulin cover √

Temporary drains √ √ √

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Mitigation Measure

Dongsha

n Avenue

BRT

Corridor

Dongshan 4th Road

Su

bg

rad

e

Wo

rks

Are

as

Su

bg

rad

e

Wo

rks

Are

as

Bri

dg

es W

ork

s

Are

as

Tu

nn

el

Wo

rks

Are

as

Te

mp

ora

ry

Sp

oil

Sto

rag

e

Are

as

Sp

oil

Dis

po

sal

Are

as

Co

nst

ruct

ion

Ha

ul R

oa

ds

Co

nst

ruct

ion

Sta

gin

g A

rea

s

Temporary settling basin √ √ √ √

Mud pits √

Masonry retaining wall √

Color-plated hoarding √

Geotextile cover √ √ √

Sow White Clover seeds √ √ √

Pla

ntin

g M

eas

ure

Greening of medians √ √

3D geotextile grass protection √

Slope grass protection √

Plant Camphor trees √ √ √ √

Plant Fir trees √ √ √

Plant Amorpha trees √

Sow Bermuda Grass seeds √ √ √ √ √

Source: Draft EIR

152. Flora and Fauna. The Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor will take up 87.65 ha of constructed land permanently, which is made up of existing roads in the urban center with an urban ecological setting dominated by landscaped plants with no natural habitat and low biodiversity. There are two Hubei Ash trees (Fraxinus hupehensis) planted approximately 5 m from the Sanxia Road curb in front of the Pinghutianxia community. These trees, though planted, are endemic to Hubei Province and characterized in the PRC as having rare excellent timber. Although not listed in the national protection list, the Hubei Ash has been listed in the China Plant Red Data Book. These trees will be preserved and the technical design of the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor will avoid having to remove these trees. Other than this, ecological impact during Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor construction would be minimal. 153. Construction of Dongshan 4th Road will remove vegetation from approximately 38.06 ha of land temporarily and 101.52 ha of land permanently. Land will be taken up temporarily for haul roads, temporary spoil storage, spoil disposal and staging road, bridge and tunnel construction works. These areas will be re-vegetated and landscaped after completion of construction works. Land will be taken up permanently by the Dongshan 4th Road. The existing landscape is dominated by patchy woodland (with tree coverage <20%) and patchy grassland, followed by orchards and ponds and gullies, with small percentages of woodland and cultivated land. Flora and fauna are dominated by species common to the area with relatively wide distribution. Many floral species are cultivated, including four out of the five that that are on the national protection list. There are 40 faunal species that are on the provincial and/or the national protection lists, this protection is not because of rareness or endangered status but for their beneficial and scientific research values. 154. Table V.6 shows the sizes of different landuses in the administrative districts traversed by the project roads. This project will remove 139.58 ha of habitats for these species, a small proportion in the overall Yichang landscape and similar habitats. Potential impact is not expected to adversely affect their overall population in the Yichang area.

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Disturbance during the construction stage is temporary and reversible. Literature review and field investigation did not discover any rare, threatened or endangered species or protection areas within the ecological assessment area of Dongshan 4th Road. The nearest protection areas are two provincial nature reserves, the Xiling Egretry Nature Reserve and the Tianhu Nature Reserve, which are at distances of 715 m and 500 m from the Dongshan 4th Road alignment. There should be no significant ecological or biodiversity impact due to the construction of Dongshan 4th Road.

Table V.6: Landuse in Administrative Districts traversed by Project Roads

Landuse Administrative District

Total Yiling Xiling Wujiagang

Total area (km2) 3424.00 89.90 80.00 3593.90 Agricultural land (km2) 477.96 10.00 8.89 496.85 Woodland (km2) 2327.22 6.30 5.61 2339.13 Grassland (km2) 130.80 0.10 0.09 130.99 Water body (km2) 107.36 1.00 0.89 109.25 Plantation (km2) 164.68 2.40 2.13 169.21 Hard to utilize (km2) 85.96 2.50 2.22 90.68 Others (km2) 130.02 67.60 60.17 257.79 Source: Draft EIR 3. Impact on Socioeconomic Resources 155. Land Acquisition and Resettlement. Details on land acquisition and involuntary resettlement in this project are described in the Resettlement Plan for the Hubei Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project. Of the 189.17 ha (including 87.65 ha of the existing Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor carriageway) and 38.06 ha of land that will be used permanently and temporarily for the road projects respectively, 64.75 ha will need to be acquired permanently and 9.94 ha temporarily affecting 519 households and a population of 2,378. Table V.7 summarizes land acquisition and affected population information for this project. There will be no economic displacement in this Project.

Table V.7: Summary of Resettlement Impact of the Project

Land and Property Ownership Area No. of

Affected Households

Affected Population

No. of Affected Families

Land acquisition

Collective land

Cultivated land 48.27 ha 279 1,134 --- Residential land 5.40 ha --- --- --- Others 3.73 ha --- --- --- Sub-total 57.40 ha 279 1,134 ---

State owned land 7.35 ha --- --- --- Permanent acquisition total 64.75 ha --- --- ---

Of whichCollective land for resettlement

4.33 ha --- --- ---

Of which State owned land for resettlement

1.40 ha --- --- ---

Temporary occupied 9.94 ha --- --- ---

Demolition

Private property ownership

Rural residential houses

38,812 m2 257 1,026 ---

Urban residential houses

21,844 m2 240 984 ---

Sub-total 60,656 m2 497 2,010 ---

Enterprises ownership

Privately owned 495 m2 --- 14 10 Temporary 2,375 m2 --- 246 110 Sub-total 2,870 m2 --- 260 120

Land acquisition and demolition total (no double counting)

74.69 ha 519 2,378 120

Source: Draft EIR.

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156. Physical Cultural Resources. Literature review and field investigation did not discover the presence of physical cultural resources as defined in SPS 2009 within the assessment area. As such, there will be no impact on physical cultural resources. Should buried artifacts of archaeological significance be uncovered during the construction stage within the project areas, construction will be stopped and immediately reported to the Bureau in accordance with PRC’s Cultural Heritage Protection Law. 157. Occupational Health and Safety. Due to its nature, the construction industry is considered to be one of the most hazardous industries. The project will involve a number of potentially hazardous activities, including the use of explosives in tunnel construction for Dongshan 4th Road. The civil works contractors will implement adequate precautions to protect the health and safety of construction workers. Contractors will manage occupational health and safety risks by applying the following measures:

i. Construction site sanitation: a. Effectively clean and disinfect the site. During site formation, spray

with phenolated water for disinfection. Disinfect toilets and refuse piles and timely remove solid waste;

b. Exterminate rodents on site at least once every three months, and exterminate mosquitoes and flies at least twice each year;

c. Provide public toilets in accordance with the requirements of labor management and sanitation departments in the living areas on construction site, and appoint designated staff responsible for cleaning and disinfection.

ii. Occupational safety: a. Provide safety hats and safety shoes to all construction workers; b. In addition, provide safety goggles and respiratory masks to workers

doing asphalt road paving; c. Provide ear plugs to workers working near noisy PME, especially

during piling works; d. Adopt safety operating procedures and stress worker safety in the

transportation, storage and application of explosives for tunnel construction.

e. Adopt safety operating procedures and stress worker safety during tunnel construction and working in confined spaces.

iii. Food safety: Inspect and supervise food hygiene in cafeteria on site regularly. Cafeteria workers must have valid health permits. Once food poisoning is discovered, implement effective control measures immediately to prevent it from spreading.

iv. Disease prevention and safety awareness: a. Provide construction workers with physical examination before they

start working on site. If infectious disease is found, the patient must be isolated for treatment to prevent the disease from spreading. From the second year onwards, conduct physical examination on 20% of the workers every year;

b. Establish health clinic at location where workers are concentrated, which should be equipped with common medical supplies and medication for simple treatment and emergency treatment for accidents;

c. Specify (by the IA and contractors) persons responsible for health and epidemic prevention and food hygiene and disease prevention education and awareness.

158. Community Health and Safety. Traffic congestion may worsen as construction traffic in the urban area increases during rush hours, causing temporary inconvenience to

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traffic, residents, commercial operations, and institutions. Construction sites for the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor will be located close to residential and commercial urban areas, presenting a threat to public health and safety. Assessments of dust and construction noise impacts indicate that with the implementation of mitigation measures described in this report, such impacts would not adversely affect nearby sensitive receptors and the public health of occupants at these sensitive receptors. The project may also contribute to road accidents through the use of heavy machinery on existing roads, temporarily blocking pavements for pedestrians etc. The potential impacts on community health and safety will be mitigated through a number of activities defined in the EMP. The contractors will implement the following measures:

i. Temporary traffic management (TTM). A traffic control and operation plan will be prepared together with the local traffic management authority prior to any construction. The plan shall include provisions for diverting or scheduling construction traffic to avoid morning and afternoon peak traffic hours, regulating traffic at road crossings with an emphasis on ensuring public safety through clear signs, controls and planning in advance;

ii. Information disclosure. Residents, businesses, schools and hospitals will be informed in advance through media of the road improvement activities, given the dates and duration of expected disruption;

iii. Construction sites. Clear signs will be placed at construction sites in view of the public, warning people of potential dangers such as moving vehicles, hazardous materials, excavations etc. and raising awareness on safety issues. Heavy machinery will not be used after day light and all such equipment will be returned to its overnight storage area/position before night. All sites will be made secure, discouraging access by members of the public through appropriate fencing whenever appropriate.

iv. Utilities provision interruption. Construction may require relocation of municipal utilities such as power, water, communication cables. Temporary suspension of services (planned or accidental) can affect the economy, industries, businesses and residents’ daily life. The following mitigation measures will be adopted and will be incorporated in the bid documents and construction contracts: a) Contractors will assess construction locations in advance for potential

disruption to services and identify risks before starting construction; b) If temporary disruption is unavoidable the contractor will, in

collaboration with relevant local authorities such as power company, water supply company and communication company, develop a plan to minimize the disruption and communicate the dates and duration in advance to all affected people.

B. Impacts and Mitigation Measures during the Operational Stage

159. Impact Screening. Operation of the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and the Dongshan 4th Road will have potential impacts on physical resources such as air quality and noise; socio-economic conditions such as public safety due to traffic accidents and climate change from GHG emissions. 160. Main impacts to air quality will be from the exhaust emitted by motor vehicles travelling on the project roads. Air pollutants in the exhaust include NO2, CO, HC and PM. Of these, the critical air pollutant is NO2, meaning that if NO2 complies with the applicable standard, other pollutants such as CO, HC and PM should also comply with their respective standards. Vehicle exhaust emissions contain GHGs which will have climate change implications. Noise impacts are due to traffic noise from vehicles travelling on the roads.

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Runoff from the roads into the road drainage system during rainfall could potentially affect the water quality of the receiving water bodies. Traffic accidents on these roads and bridges are social issues related to public safety. These potential impacts are assessed and addressed below. 161. Operation of the project components would not have potential impacts on biological resources, ecology and biodiversity, and physical cultural resources. 1. Impacts related to Operation of the Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor 162. Air Quality. Air quality modeling results presented in the EIR indicate that both NO2 and CO during peak hour traffic would comply with GB 3095-1996 Class II ambient air quality standard at all 150 sensitive receptors along the Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor that were selected for assessment (Table V.6). NO2 levels at all sensitive receptors would also comply with The World Bank Group’s EHS guideline standard of 0.200 mg/m3.

Table V.6: Concentrations of NO2 and CO at Existing Sensitive Receptors During Operation of Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor

No. Road Section Sensitive Receptor Maximum Hourly Concentration

(mg/m3) NO2 CO

1 Fazhan Avenue – Shuanghong Avenue

Hongjian Aluminum Co. dormitory 0.046 0.247 2 Huangjin Community 0.046 0.247 3 Yiling District Prosecutor Office 0.046 0.247 4 Yixing #9 Lane 0.046 0.247 5 Xingang Community 0.025 0.135 6 Xiaoxita #6 Primary School 0.025 0.135 7 Agriculture Machinery Co. dormitory 0.046 0.247 8 Jinfengchaoyang Community 0.046 0.247 9 Minsheng Water Supply Co. 0.046 0.247 10 Hanchengyinxiang Community 0.046 0.247 11 Xiaoxita Community Clinic 0.046 0.247 12 Yiling Livestock Veterinary Bureau 0.046 0.247 13 Xingcheng Garden 0.046 0.247 14 Xinyingxiang Community 0.046 0.247 15 Yiling District Security Bureau 0.046 0.247 16 Yiling District Finance Bureau 0.046 0.247 17 Yiling District Disease Prevention Center 0.046 0.247 18 Chengjian Kindergarten 0.046 0.247 19 Donghu High School 0.009 0.048 20 Yixing Avenue No. 93 0.046 0.247 21 Yiling District Culture & Sports Bureau 0.046 0.247 22 Shuanghong

Avenue – Dongshan 4th Road

Yiling Urban & Rural Construction Bureau 0.053 0.285 23 Electricity Bureau dormitory 0.053 0.285 24 Yixing Avenue No. 102 0.053 0.285 25 Yiling District Government Building 0.010 0.054 26 Yiling District Merchants Bureau 0.053 0.285 27 Yiling District Union for the Handicapped 0.053 0.285 28 Yixing Avenue No. 96 0.053 0.285 29 Yixing Avenue No. 39 0.053 0.285 30 Yixing Avenue No. 60 0.053 0.285 31 Hubei Yichang Geological Survey Team 0.053 0.285 32 Transport Bureau 0.053 0.285 33 Yiling District Court 0.053 0.285 34 Labor & Social Safeguard Bureau 0.053 0.285 35 Yixing Avenue No. 29 0.053 0.285 36 Xing’an Community 0.053 0.285 37 Yiling District Highways Management Bureau 0.053 0.285 38 Yixing Avenue No. 25 0.053 0.285 39 Changjiang Hospital 0.053 0.285 40 Dongshan 4th Yixing Avenue No. 28 0.060 0.320

76


(mg/m3) NO2 CO

Road – Xiazhou Road

41 Xiazhou Road – Ganghong Road

Anwang Garden 0.017 0.093 42 Wanfujiayuan 0.017 0.093 43 Fengjiawan 0.017 0.093 44 Yangguang Hospital 0.017 0.093 45 Xiangshanfenghuangcheng 0.017 0.093 46 Xiangshan Garden 0.017 0.093 47 Changhewan 0.017 0.093 48 Sanxia Middle School 0.017 0.093 49 Sanxia Middle School dormitory 0.017 0.093 50 Wangjiang Garden (under construction) 0.017 0.093 51 Jiawang Binhu International 0.013 0.072 52 Pinghuyucai Kindergarten 0.012 0.066 53 Pinghutianxia 0.010 0.056 54 Honggang Road No. 6-2 0.017 0.093 55 Honggang Road No. 4-2 0.017 0.093

56 Ganghong Road – Yizi Road

China Marine Affairs 0.048 0.257

57 Yizi Road – Huanghe Road

Gezhouba Central Hospital dormitory 0.021 0.112 58 Gezhouba Central Hospital 0.013 0.069 59 Yemingzhu Road No. 51 0.027 0.142 60 Yemingzhu Road No. 46 0.027 0.142 61 Yemingzhu Road No. 43 0.038 0.203 62 Yemingzhu Road No. 30 0.038 0.203 63 Yemingzhu Road No. 32 0.038 0.203 64 Mingzhushanzhuang 0.038 0.203 65 Hyanghe

Road – Shiziling Road

Gezhouba No. 5 Company dormitory 0.053 0.283 66 Gezhouba No. 5 Company 0.013 0.072 67 Yichang No. 24 Middle School 0.007 0.036 68 Yemingzhu Road No. 29 0.059 0.317 69 Yemingzhu Road No. 27 0.059 0.317 70 Yemingzhu Road No. 21 0.059 0.317 71 Yemingzhu Road No. 28 0.059 0.318 72 Zhenjinghuayuan 0.013 0.072 73 Gezhouba Experimental Primary School 0.013 0.072 74 Shiziling Road

– Donghu 1st Road

Gezhouba Company dormitory 0.027 0.145 75 Qingjiang Community 0.027 0.145 76 Gezhouba Company 0.023 0.126 77 Jiguan Building 0.027 0.145 78 Xindaoguoji Community 0.021 0.112 79 Old Railway Bureau dormitory 0.027 0.145 80 Dongshan Avenue No. 24 0.027 0.145 81 Yichang No. 22 Middle School 0.027 0.145 82 Zhuyuan Community 0.027 0.145

83 Donghu 1st Road – Xiling 2nd Road

Yichang Foreign Language Experimental Primary School

0.041 0.221

84 No. 7 Company dormitory 0.041 0.221

85 Sanxia Development Co. Headquarters & dormitory

0.041 0.221

86 Changjiang Hospital 0.041 0.221 87 Jindihuacheng 0.041 0.221 88 Electronic Tube Factory dormitory 0.041 0.221 89 Xiling 2nd

Road – Yunji Road

Dushijiayuan 0.040 0.214 90 Xiling District StateTax Bureau 0.040 0.214 91 Wanjiaxinfu Garden 0.040 0.214 92 Yunji Road –

Shengli 4th Road

Dongshan Avenue No. 117 0.047 0.246 93 Dongshan Avenue No. 123 0.047 0.246 94 Dongshan Avenue No. 125 0.047 0.246 95 Dongshan Avenue No. 129 0.047 0.246

77


(mg/m3) NO2 CO

96 Dongshan Avenue No. 130 0.047 0.246 97 Sanxia Commercial Newspaper dormitory 0.047 0.246 98 Tianciguangchang Community 0.034 0.181 99 Shengli 4th

Road – Shengli 3rd Road

Dongshan Avenue No. 140 0.059 0.315 100 Dongshan Avenue No. 141 0.050 0.264 101 Dongshan Avenue No. 143 0.050 0.264 102 Ziyoukongjian Community 0.059 0.315 103 Dongshan Avenue No. 146 0.059 0.315 104 Yichang No. 14 Middle School 0.059 0.315 105 Dongshan Avenue No. 153 0.059 0.315 106 Dongshan Avenue No. 154 0.059 0.315 107 Dongshan Avenue No. 155 0.059 0.315 108 Dongshan Avenue No. 160 0.059 0.315 109 Dongshan Avenue No. 162 0.059 0.315 110 Dongfang Women’s Hospital 0.059 0.315 111 Shengli 3rd

Road – Jucheng Road

Shengli 3rd Road No. 18-20 0.038 0.200 112 Shengli 3rd Road No. 18-27 0.038 0.200 113 Shengli 3rd Road No. 18-25 0.030 0.160 114 Dongshan Avenue No. 168 0.038 0.200 115 Old Television Broadcasting University 0.038 0.200 116 Dongshan Primary School 0.014 0.073 117 Dongshan Avenue No. 167 0.038 0.200 118 Dongshan Avenue No. 171 0.038 0.200 119 Dongshan Avenue No. 178 0.038 0.200 120 Yichang Central Hospital 0.030 0.160 121 Yichang Changhang Hospital 0.028 0.147 122 Dongshan Avenue No. 188 0.038 0.200 123 Dongshan Avenue No. 190 0.038 0.200 124 Dongshan Avenue No. 192 0.038 0.200 125 Dongshan Avenue No. 200 0.038 0.200 126 Dongshan Avenue No. 206 0.038 0.200 127 Futaihuafu 0.038 0.200 128 Yichang Ship Channel Engineering Bureau 0.038 0.200

129 Yichang Ship Channel Engineering Bureau dormitory

0.038 0.200

130 Dongshan Avenue No. 279 0.038 0.200 131 Dongshan Avenue No. 308 0.038 0.200 132 Dongshan Avenue No. 312 0.038 0.200 133 Qingqingjiayuan 0.038 0.200 134 Yichang Yuancheng Company dormitory 0.038 0.200 135 Dongshan Avenue No. 287 0.038 0.200 136 Wanjiazui Village 0.038 0.200 137 Dongshan Avenue No. 378 0.038 0.200 138 Yiling Avenue No. 309 0.038 0.200 139 Wangjiahe Community 0.038 0.200 140 Steel Pipe Factory dormitory 0.038 0.200 141 Baisha’nao Community 0.038 0.200 142 Resin Factory dormitory 0.038 0.200 143 Bayi Steel Products dormitory 0.038 0.200 144 Yichang No. 15 Middle School 0.038 0.200 145 Baimashan Community 0.034 0.181

146 Jucheng Road – Longbo Road

Dushitianyuan 0.038 0.204 147 Baimashan Community 0.038 0.204 148 Huayan Community 0.038 0.204 149 Chunhua Hospital 0.038 0.204 150 Xiangshanfujiuyuan (under construction) 0.038 0.204

GB 3095-1996 Class II Standard 0.24 10 Source: Draft EIR.

78

163. Noise. Motor vehicles travelling on project roads will generate traffic noise. Table V.7 shows traffic noise modeling results for Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor presented in the EIR. According to the noise functional area classification in PRC’s Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB 3096-2008), the area within 35 m from the road’s red line is classified as Functional Area Category 4a with day time and night time noise limits of 70 dB(A) and 55 dB(A) respectively; while the area between 35 m to 200 m from the road’s red line is classified as Functional Area Category 2, with day time and night time noise limits of 60 dB(A) and 50 dB(A) respectively. The World Bank Group’s EHS standards for noise (see Table II.2) were also used in the assessment. Based on the traffic noise modeling results presented in Table V.7, the following observations were made:

i. For day time noise at the 526 assessment points in Functional Area Category 4a (within 35 m from the road red line), 20.3% would exceed both the GB 3096-2008 and EHS standards (which are the same at 70 dB(A) in 2012 but none was predicted to exceed the standard in 2018 and 2030. This demonstrates the benefit of the BRT corridor in improving traffic flow resulting in reducing traffic noise pollution.

ii. Of the 23 assessment points in Functional Area Category 2 (between 35 m to 200 m from the road red line), exceedance of the day time GB 3096-2008 standard (60 dB(A)) would be 30.4% in 2012, decreasing to 4.3% in 2018 and also in 2030; while those that would exceed the more stringent EHS standard but comply with the GB 3096-2008 standard (between 55-60 dB(A)) would be 34.8% in 2012 and 82.6% in both 2018 and 2030. This indicates a decrease in day time noise levels at the assessment points, shifting non-compliance downwards from the less stringent GB standard to the more stringent EHS standard, again demonstrating the benefit of the BRT corridor.

iii. For night time noise in Functional Area Category 4a, 30.6% would exceed the GB 3096-2008 standard (55 dB(A) [among which 1.9% would also exceed the EHS standard of 70 dB(A)] in 2012, increasing to 81.2% in 2018 and 89.5% in 2030. Since the BRT does not run at night, increase in night time exceedance would be due to increase in traffic volume and not attributed to the provision of BRT through this Project.

iv. For night time noise in Functional Area Category 2, all (100%) would exceed the EHS standard (45 dB(A)) in 2012, 2018 and 2030. Exeedance of the GB 3096-2008 standard (50 dB(A)) would be 65.2% in 2012, 34.8% in 2018 and 43.5% in 2030. Again, such exceedance would not be caused by the provision of BRT through this Project.

79

Table V.7: Predicted Noise Levels at Existing Sensitive Receptors During Operation of Dongshan Avenue BRT Corridor

No. Road Sensitive Receptor Floor Functional Area Category 4a 1st Row Functional Area Category 2 1st Row

Day Night Day Night2012 2018 2030 2012 2018 2030 2012 2018 2030 2012 2018 2030

1 Yixing Avenue

Hongjian Aluminum Co. dormitory

1F 64.3 68.5 67.7 53.5 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.6 68.5 67.6 54.1 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 65.1 67.3 66.5 54.7 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 65.1 66.3 65.6 54.7 57.8 56.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2 Huangjin Community 1F 64.3 68.5 67.7 53.5 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.6 68.5 67.6 54.1 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 65.1 67.3 66.5 54.7 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 65.1 66.3 65.6 54.7 57.8 56.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3 Yiling District Prosecutor Office 1F 64.8 68.5 67.7 53.1 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.4 68.5 67.6 53.5 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 65.7 67.3 66.5 54.2 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 65.4 66.3 65.6 54.7 57.8 56.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 65.4 65.3 65.1 54.7 55.6 56.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

4 Yixing #9 Lane 1F 64.8 68.5 67.7 53.1 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.4 68.5 67.6 53.5 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 65.7 67.3 66.5 54.2 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 65.4 66.3 65.6 54.7 57.8 56.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

5 Xingang Community 1F 64.2 68.5 62.9 54.0 61.0 54.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.5 68.5 65.0 54.7 60.4 56.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.9 67.3 64.8 55.2 59.0 55.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

6 Xiaoxita #6 Primary School 1F 62.0 63.2 62.9 50.0 55.2 54.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2F 66.0 65.2 64.8 53.2 57.0 55.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.0 65.6 65.0 53.2 57.3 56.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 66.0 65.5 65.0 53.2 57.3 56.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

7 Agriculture Machinery Co. dormitory

1F 64.2 68.5 67.7 54.0 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.5 68.5 67.6 54.7 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.9 67.3 66.5 55.2 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 64.9 66.3 65.6 55.2 57.8 56.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

8 Jinfengchaoyang Community 1F 64.2 68.5 67.7 54.0 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.5 68.5 67.6 54.7 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.9 67.3 66.5 55.2 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

9 Minsheng Water Supply Co 1F 64.2 68.5 67.7 54.0 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10 Hanchengyinxiang Community 1F 62.1 68.5 67.7 56.8 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 68.5 68.5 67.6 61.9 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.0 67.3 66.5 60.6 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

80


Day Night Day Night 2012 2018 2030 2012 2018 2030 2012 2018 2030 2012 2018 2030

11 Xiaoxita Community Clinic 1F 70.8 68.5 67.7 56.5 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2F 69.7 69.0 68.1 56.0 61.0 59.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 69.7 68.5 67.6 56.0 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 69.7 67.9 67.1 56.0 59.6 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

12 Yiling Livestock Veterinary Bureau

1F 65.9 68.5 67.7 60.8 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2F 65.3 69.0 68.1 61.0 61.0 59.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.5 68.5 67.6 60.9 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 63.0 67.9 67.1 59.9 59.6 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

13 Xingcheng Garden 1F 65.9 68.5 67.7 60.8 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.3 68.5 67.6 61.0 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.5 67.3 66.5 60.9 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

14 Xinyingxiang Community 1F 65.9 68.5 67.7 60.8 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.3 68.5 67.6 61.0 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.5 67.3 66.5 60.9 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 63.0 66.3 65.6 59.9 57.8 56.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 62.2 65.3 65.1 59.4 55.6 56.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

15 Yiling District Security Bureau 1F 65.9 68.5 67.7 60.8 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 16 Yiling District Finance Bureau 1F 65.9 68.5 67.7 60.8 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2F 65.3 69.0 68.1 61.0 61.0 59.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.5 68.5 67.6 60.9 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 64.5 67.9 67.1 60.9 59.6 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

17 Yiling District Disease Prevention Center

1F 65.9 68.5 67.7 60.8 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.3 68.5 67.6 61.0 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.5 67.3 66.5 60.9 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

18 Chengjian Kindergarten 1F 65.9 68.5 67.7 60.8 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2F 65.3 69.0 68.1 61.0 61.0 59.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.5 68.5 67.6 60.9 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 64.5 67.9 67.1 60.9 59.6 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

19 Donghu High School 1F 67.1 68.5 67.7 60.1 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 20 Yixing Avenue No. 93 1F 68.0 68.5 67.7 54.0 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 65.1 68.5 67.6 52.3 60.4 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.5 67.3 66.5 55.4 59.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

21 Yiling District Culture & Sports Bureau

1F 68.0 68.5 67.7 54.0 61.0 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

22 Yiling Urban & Rural Construction Bureau

1F 68.0 69.4 68.8 54.0 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.1 69.0 68.6 52.3 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.5 67.7 67.3 55.4 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

81



7F 68.0 66.6 66.1 56.1 57.7 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 67.5 65.1 64.8 56.5 56.2 55.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

23 Electricity Bureau dormitory 1F 67.0 69.4 68.8 52.0 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 67.6 69.0 68.6 52.7 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.8 67.7 67.3 53.4 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

24 Yixing Avenue No. 102 1F 67.0 69.4 68.8 52.0 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 67.6 69.0 68.6 52.7 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.8 67.7 67.3 53.4 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 67.8 66.6 66.1 53.4 57.7 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

25 Yiling District Government Building

1F --- --- --- --- --- --- 60.5 54.5 54.2 46.3 46.5 46.0 3F --- --- --- --- --- --- 60.5 55.6 55.3 46.3 47.3 46.8 5F --- --- --- --- --- --- 60.5 56.3 56.0 46.3 47.9 47.3 7F --- --- --- --- --- --- 60.5 57.1 56.7 46.3 48.6 46.2

26 Yiling District Merchants Bureau

1F 67.0 69.4 68.8 52.0 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 67.6 69.0 68.6 52.7 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.8 67.7 67.3 53.4 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

27 Yiling District Union for the Handicapped

1F 67.0 69.4 68.8 52.0 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 67.6 69.0 68.6 52.7 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.8 67.7 67.3 53.4 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 67.8 66.6 66.1 53.4 57.7 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 67.8 65.1 64.8 53.4 56.2 55.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

28 Yixing Avenue No. 96 1F 67.0 69.4 68.8 52.0 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 67.6 69.0 68.6 52.7 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.8 67.7 67.3 53.4 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

29 Yixing Avenue No. 39 1F 66.4 69.4 68.8 53.2 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2F 67.0 69.6 69.1 53.8 61.3 60.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 67.5 69.0 68.6 54.2 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 67.5 68.4 67.9 54.2 59.6 58.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---


31 Hubei Yichang Geological Survey Team

1F 66.4 69.4 68.8 53.2 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 67.0 69.0 68.6 53.8 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.5 67.7 67.3 54.2 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 67.5 66.6 66.1 54.2 57.7 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 67.5 65.1 64.8 54.2 56.2 55.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

82



32 Transport Bureau 1F 63.0 69.4 68.8 53.2 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 61.8 69.0 68.6 53.8 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.2 67.7 67.3 54.2 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

33 Yiling District Court 1F 63.0 69.4 68.8 53.2 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 61.8 69.0 68.6 53.8 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.2 67.7 67.3 54.2 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

34 Labor & Social Safeguard Bureau

1F 62.9 69.4 68.8 53.2 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 63.7 69.0 68.6 53.8 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.2 67.7 67.3 54.4 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 64.2 66.6 66.1 54.4 57.7 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---


36 Xing’an Community 1F 62.9 69.4 68.8 53.2 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 63.7 69.0 68.6 53.8 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.2 67.7 67.3 54.4 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

37 Yiling District Highways Management Bureau

1F 62.9 69.4 68.8 53.2 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 63.7 69.0 68.6 53.8 60.4 59.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.2 67.7 67.3 54.4 58.8 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 64.2 66.6 66.1 54.4 57.7 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

38 Yixing Avenue No. 25 1F 63.0 69.4 68.8 53.2 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 39 Changjiang Hospital 1F 65.1 69.4 68.8 56.5 61.4 60.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 40 Yixing Avenue No. 28 1F 72.5 69.6 69.9 61.7 61.7 62.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 72.9 69.4 69.6 62.2 60.9 61.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 73.4 68.1 68.4 62.7 59.4 60.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

41 Anwang Garden 1F 67.9 66.8 65.4 53.8 58.9 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.4 67.7 66.4 54.3 59.3 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.7 66.9 65.7 54.7 58.4 55.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 69.2 66.0 64.9 55.1 57.5 53.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 67.7 65.0 63.8 54.7 56.4 54.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

42

Xiazhou Road

Wanfujiayuan 1F 71.0 66.7 65.2 56.5 59.0 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 71.5 67.7 66.3 57.0 59.5 57.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 70.4 67.0 65.8 55.9 58.8 56.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 9F 68.5 65.3 64.2 53.7 56.7 54.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

43 Sanxia Road

Fengjiawan 1F 67.8 66.7 65.2 55.8 59.0 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.9 67.7 66.3 55.7 59.5 57.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

83



5F 66.3 67.0 65.8 55.1 58.8 56.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 65.4 66.1 64.9 54.4 57.5 55.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 9F 65.4 65.2 64.1 54.4 56.7 54.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

44 Yangguang Hospital 1F 67.1 66.7 65.2 56.0 59.0 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 45 Xiangshanfenghuangcheng 1F 67.8 66.7 65.2 55.8 59.0 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 66.9 67.7 66.3 55.7 59.5 57.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.3 67.0 65.8 55.1 58.8 56.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 65.4 66.1 64.9 54.4 57.5 55.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 9F 65.4 65.2 64.1 54.4 56.7 54.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

46 Xiangshan Garden 1F 63.7 66.7 65.2 54.3 59.0 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.4 67.7 66.3 54.9 59.5 57.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.7 67.0 65.8 55.6 58.8 56.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 9F 63.3 65.3 64.2 53.6 56.7 54.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 61.7 63.4 62.3 53.0 54.8 52.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

47 Changhewan 1F 64.9 66.7 65.2 54.9 59.0 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.2 67.7 66.3 55.7 59.5 57.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.0 67.0 65.8 56.3 58.8 56.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 9F 66.4 65.3 64.2 56.7 56.7 54.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 14F 65.7 63.6 62.6 55.7 55.1 52.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

48 Sanxia Middle School 1F 64.9 66.7 65.2 54.9 59.0 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 49 Sanxia Middle School

dormitory 1F 64.9 66.7 65.2 54.9 59.0 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.2 67.7 66.3 55.7 59.5 57.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.0 67.0 65.8 56.3 58.8 56.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.4 66.1 64.9 56.7 57.5 55.1 --- --- --- --- --- ---

50 Wangjiang Garden (in construction)

1F 67.0 66.7 65.2 58.2 59.0 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

51 Jiawang Binhu International 1F 67.0 63.2 62.0 58.2 55.2 53.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.9 65.4 64.2 57.5 56.8 55.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 58.5 65.4 64.3 53.3 57.2 55.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 9F 63.9 64.7 63.6 56.2 56.6 54.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 63.6 63.1 62.0 54.8 54.5 52.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 25F 62.0 61.2 60.2 53.9 52.6 52.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

52 Pinghuyucai Kindergarten 1F 64.0 62.2 61.1 56.3 54.2 52.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2F 64.0 63.6 62.5 56.3 55.6 53.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.9 64.4 63.4 56.7 56.4 54.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 64.9 64.7 63.6 56.7 56.5 54.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

53 Pinghutianxia 1F 67.0 60.7 59.8 58.2 52.9 51.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

84



3F 65.9 62.6 61.5 57.5 54.6 52.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 58.5 63.4 62.3 53.3 55.2 53.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 63.9 63.5 62.4 56.2 55.5 53.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 63.9 62.9 61.8 56.2 54.3 52.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 63.6 62.2 61.1 54.8 53.6 51.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

54 Honggang Road

Honggang Road No. 6-2 1F 64.7 63.9 64.2 63.0 55.3 55.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 55 Honggang Road No. 4-2 1F 64.7 63.9 64.2 63.0 55.3 55.9 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 65.7 65.3 65.6 63.5 56.1 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 56 Yemingzhu

Road China Marine Affairs 1F 68.4 65.0 65.4 54.0 56.6 57.1 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2F 69.5 66.0 66.4 54.4 57.1 57.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 69.5 66.1 66.4 54.4 57.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 69.5 66.1 66.3 54.4 56.6 57.1 --- --- --- --- --- ---

57 Gezhouba Central Hospital dormitory

1F 68.0 60.8 61.0 58.5 51.4 51.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 68.4 63.2 63.4 58.9 53.4 53.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.8 63.8 64.0 59.4 53.9 54.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 69.0 64.0 64.2 59.8 53.9 54.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

58 Gezhouba Central Hospital 1F --- --- --- --- --- --- 54.0 57.5 57.7 51.0 49.1 49.3 3F --- --- --- --- --- --- 54.0 58.6 58.8 51.0 49.9 50.2 5F --- --- --- --- --- --- 54.0 59.8 60.0 51.0 51.0 51.2 7F --- --- --- --- --- --- 54.0 61.3 61.5 51.0 51.6 51.9

59 Yemingzhu Road No. 51 1F 68.0 66.1 66.4 58.5 57.0 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 60 Yemingzhu Road No. 46 1F 68.0 66.1 66.4 58.5 57.0 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 68.4 67.5 67.8 58.9 57.5 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.8 67.0 67.2 59.4 56.8 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 69.0 66.5 66.7 59.8 56.1 56.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

61 Yemingzhu Road No. 43 1F 66.5 66.1 66.4 54.1 57.0 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 68.0 67.5 67.8 54.5 57.5 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.4 67.0 67.2 54.9 56.8 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 68.4 66.5 66.7 54.9 56.1 56.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---


63 Yemingzhu Road No. 32 1F 68.6 66.1 66.4 54.9 57.0 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 69.0 67.5 67.8 55.4 57.5 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 69.4 67.0 67.2 56.0 56.8 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---

85



7F 69.4 66.5 66.7 56.0 56.1 56.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 64 Mingzhushanzhuang 1F 68.2 63.6 63.1 55.0 57.3 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 68.7 64.3 63.8 55.4 57.9 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 69.2 63.6 63.1 56.0 57.2 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 69.9 63.3 63.0 56.5 56.5 56.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 69.6 62.4 62.1 55.7 55.5 55.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 69.4 61.0 60.7 55.5 54.0 53.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

65 Gezhouba No. 5 Company dormitory

1F 55.6 61.7 61.3 46.7 55.5 55.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 56.8 63.1 62.6 47.3 56.7 56.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 57.4 62.8 62.4 48.7 56.5 56.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 57.4 62.9 62.5 48.7 56.0 55.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

66 Gezhouba No. 5 Company 1F 54.0 56.1 55.9 51.0 49.8 49.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 54.0 57.0 56.8 51.0 50.7 50.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 54.0 58.0 57.7 51.0 51.8 51.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 54.0 59.8 59.5 51.0 52.4 52.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 54.0 59.8 59.6 51.0 52.5 52.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

67 Yichang No. 24 Middle School 1F --- --- --- --- --- --- 53.3 54.4 54.3 46.0 47.5 47.2 3F --- --- --- --- --- --- 53.6 54.8 54.7 46.4 47.8 47.7 5F --- --- --- --- --- --- 54.9 56.0 55.9 46.8 48.3 48.2 7F --- --- --- --- --- --- 54.9 56.1 56.0 46.8 48.5 48.4





72 Zhenjinghuayuan 1F --- --- --- --- --- --- 56.8 56.2 56.0 51.2 49.4 49.1 3F --- --- --- --- --- --- 57.4 57.1 56.9 51.9 50.3 50.1 5F --- --- --- --- --- --- 57.4 58.4 58.2 51.9 51.4 51.0

86



7F --- --- --- --- --- --- 57.4 58.8 58.6 51.9 51.8 51.5 73 Gezhouba Experimental

Primary School 1F --- --- --- --- --- --- 56.8 56.2 56.0 51.2 49.4 49.1 3F --- --- --- --- --- --- 57.4 57.1 56.9 51.9 50.3 50.1 5F --- --- --- --- --- --- 57.4 58.4 58.2 51.9 51.4 51.0 7F --- --- --- --- --- --- 57.4 58.8 58.6 51.9 51.8 51.5

74 Dongshan Avenue

Gezhouba Company dormitory 1F 68.2 65.6 66.3 52.9 54.8 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 70.8 67.5 68.0 53.4 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 72.2 67.1 67.6 54.0 55.4 57.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 72.2 66.4 66.9 54.0 54.6 56.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

75 Qingjiang Community 1F 68.2 65.6 66.3 52.9 54.8 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 70.8 67.5 68.0 53.4 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 72.2 67.1 67.6 54.0 55.4 57.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 72.2 66.4 66.9 54.0 54.6 56.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

76 Gezhouba Company 1F 68.2 63.8 64.4 52.9 52.7 54.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 70.8 66.2 66.7 53.4 54.5 56.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 72.2 66.1 66.6 54.0 54.6 56.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 72.2 65.8 66.2 54.0 54.1 55.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 72.2 65.0 65.5 54.0 53.3 55.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 72.2 63.8 64.3 54.0 52.4 53.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

77 Jiguan Building 1F 68.2 65.6 66.3 52.9 54.8 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 70.8 67.5 68.0 53.4 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 72.2 67.1 67.6 54.0 55.4 57.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 72.2 66.4 66.9 54.0 54.6 56.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

78 Xindaoguoji Community 1F 66.0 62.5 63.1 53.9 51.4 52.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.0 65.2 65.6 53.9 53.4 55.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.0 65.3 65.8 53.9 53.8 55.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.0 65.0 65.6 53.9 53.4 55.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 64.9 64.5 65.0 54.5 53.0 54.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 65.2 63.5 64.0 52.7 52.2 53.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

79 Old Railway Bureau dormitory 1F 64.9 65.6 66.3 53.6 54.8 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.5 67.5 68.0 54.0 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.2 67.1 67.6 54.4 55.4 57.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.2 66.4 66.9 54.4 54.6 56.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

80 Dongshan Avenue No. 24 1F 64.9 65.6 66.3 53.6 54.8 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.5 67.5 68.0 54.0 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.2 67.1 67.6 54.4 55.4 57.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.2 66.4 66.9 54.4 54.6 56.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

87



81 Yichang No. 22 Middle School 1F 63.9 65.6 66.3 54.0 54.8 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.5 67.5 68.0 54.4 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.9 67.1 67.6 54.9 55.4 57.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

82 Zhuyuan Community 1F 63.9 65.6 66.3 54.0 54.8 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.5 67.5 68.0 54.4 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 64.9 67.1 67.6 54.9 55.4 57.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 64.9 66.4 66.9 54.9 54.6 56.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

83 Yichang Foreign Language Experimental Primary School

1F 63.9 65.4 66.1 54.0 55.3 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2F 64.5 67.1 67.6 54.4 56.4 57.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 64.9 67.3 67.8 54.9 56.4 57.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 64.9 67.1 67.7 54.9 56.2 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

84 No. 7 Company dormitory 1F 65.0 65.4 66.1 54.0 55.3 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.4 67.3 67.8 54.3 56.4 57.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.4 66.9 67.5 54.6 56.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.4 66.2 66.8 54.6 55.2 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

85 Sanxia Development Co. Headquarters & dormitory

1F 65.0 65.4 66.1 52.9 55.3 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.3 67.3 67.8 53.4 56.4 57.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 65.7 66.9 67.5 54.0 56.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 65.7 66.2 66.8 54.0 55.2 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

86 Changjiang Hospital 1F 67.0 65.4 66.1 57.0 55.3 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2F 67.7 67.1 67.6 57.7 56.4 57.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 68.0 67.3 67.8 58.0 56.4 57.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 68.0 67.1 67.7 58.0 56.2 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

87 Jindihuacheng 1F 65.0 65.4 66.1 51.9 55.3 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.5 67.3 67.8 52.5 56.4 57.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.2 66.9 67.5 52.9 56.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 65.9 66.2 66.8 52.8 55.2 56.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 65.8 65.3 65.8 52.6 54.3 55.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 65.8 63.8 64.3 52.6 53.0 54.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

88 Electronic Tube Factory dormitory

1F 67.0 65.4 66.1 57.0 55.3 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 67.7 67.3 67.8 57.7 56.4 57.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.0 66.9 67.5 58.0 56.0 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

89 Dushijiayuan 1F 66.0 62.4 63.4 54.0 52.9 54.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.8 65.0 65.8 54.4 55.0 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.2 65.1 65.9 54.9 55.3 57.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 67.2 64.9 65.8 54.9 55.0 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

88



10F 67.2 64.4 65.1 54.9 54.4 56.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 90 Xiling District StateTax Bureau 1F 66.0 62.4 63.4 54.0 52.9 54.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 66.8 65.0 65.8 54.4 55.0 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.2 65.1 65.9 54.9 55.3 57.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 67.2 64.9 65.8 54.9 55.0 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

91 Wanjiaxinfu Garden 1F 67.8 62.4 63.4 53.3 52.9 54.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 62.1 65.0 65.8 51.8 55.0 56.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 65.6 65.1 65.9 53.9 55.3 57.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 68.7 64.9 65.8 54.4 55.0 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 68.2 64.4 65.1 54.1 54.4 56.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 67.7 63.3 64.1 53.7 53.4 55.1 --- --- --- --- --- ---

92 Dongshan Avenue No. 117 1F 70.1 64.0 65.0 53.2 54.5 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 71.8 65.9 66.9 53.6 55.6 57.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 72.5 65.8 66.6 54.1 55.5 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 72.0 65.3 66.1 54.5 54.8 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 69.7 64.5 65.2 53.7 54.0 56.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---


94 Dongshan Avenue No. 125 1F 70.1 64.0 65.0 53.2 54.5 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 71.8 65.9 66.9 53.6 55.6 57.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 72.5 65.8 66.6 54.1 55.5 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---



97 Sanxia Commercial Newspaper dormitory

1F 70.1 64.0 65.0 53.2 54.5 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 71.8 65.9 66.9 53.6 55.6 57.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 72.5 65.8 66.6 54.1 55.5 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 72.0 65.3 66.1 54.5 54.8 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 69.7 64.5 65.2 53.7 54.0 56.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

89



98 Tianciguangchang Community 1F 70.1 61.3 62.2 53.3 51.4 53.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 71.1 63.8 64.6 54.0 53.4 55.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.9 64.2 65.0 54.7 54.0 55.9 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 70.2 64.0 64.8 54.7 53.7 55.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 70.8 63.5 64.3 54.6 53.2 55.1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 69.8 62.6 63.4 54.2 52.4 54.1 --- --- --- --- --- ---




102 Ziyoukongjian Community 1F 65.9 65.7 66.6 53.0 55.9 57.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.4 67.5 68.2 53.4 56.9 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.0 67.1 67.8 53.8 56.4 58.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.5 66.4 67.1 54.4 55.6 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---


104 Yichang No. 14 Middle School 1F 67.1 65.7 66.5 53.6 56.0 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 105 Dongshan Avenue No. 153 1F 65.6 65.7 66.5 53.1 56.0 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 66.0 67.4 68.2 53.7 57.0 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.4 67.0 67.7 54.4 56.3 58.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---



108 Dongshan Avenue No. 160 1F 65.6 65.7 66.5 53.1 56.0 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.0 67.4 68.2 53.7 57.0 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

90



5F 66.4 67.0 67.7 54.4 56.3 58.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.4 66.3 67./ 54.4 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

109 Dongshan Avenue No. 162 1F 65.6 65.7 66.5 53.1 56.0 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.0 67.4 68.2 53.7 57.0 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.4 67.0 67.7 54.4 56.3 58.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.4 66.3 67./ 54.4 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

110 Dongfang Women’s Hospital 1F 66.1 65.7 66.5 53.0 56.0 57.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.1 67.4 68.2 53.5 57.0 58.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.2 67.0 67.7 54.3 56.3 58.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---

111 Shengli 3rd Road No. 18-20 1F 65.0 64.9 65.9 53.0 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.5 66.7 67.5 53.5 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.0 66.3 67.1 53.9 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.0 65.8 66.1 53.9 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---

112 Shengli 3rd Road No. 18-27 1F 65.0 64.9 65.9 53.0 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.5 66.7 67.5 53.5 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.0 66.3 67.1 53.9 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.0 65.8 66.1 53.9 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---

113 Shengli 3rd Road No. 18-25 1F 65.0 62.3 63.0 53.0 52.8 54.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.5 64.7 65.5 53.5 54.8 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.0 64.9 65.7 53.9 54.8 56.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---


115 Old Television Broadcasting University

1F 66.1 64.9 65.9 53.0 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.6 66.7 67.5 53.5 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.0 66.3 67.1 53.8 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

116 Dongshan Primary School 1F --- --- --- --- --- --- 67.9 55.8 56.4 52.0 48.6 49.2 3F --- --- --- --- --- --- 67.9 56.4 57.0 52.0 48.9 49.6 5F --- --- --- --- --- --- 67.9 57.1 57.7 52.0 49.2 50.1



91



7F 74.2 65.8 66.1 53.8 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 119 Dongshan Avenue No. 178 1F 71.7 64.9 65.9 53.0 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 73.7 66.7 67.5 53.5 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 74.2 66.3 67.1 53.8 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

120 Yichang Central Hospital 1F 67.8 62.3 63.0 53.3 52.8 54.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 121 Yichang Changhang Hospital 1F 70.6 63.4 64.2 54.5 53.9 55.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 67.9 65.7 66.5 55.0 55.7 57.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.4 65.7 66.3 55.5 55.5 57.2 --- --- --- --- --- ---






127 Futaihuafu 1F 70.6 64.9 65.9 54.5 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 67.9 66.7 67.5 55.0 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.4 66.3 67.1 55.5 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---


1F 65.8 64.9 65.9 53.0 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.6 66.7 67.5 53.4 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.1 66.3 67.1 54.0 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

129 Yichang Ship Channel Engineering Bureau dormitory

1F 65.8 64.9 65.9 53.0 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.6 66.7 67.5 53.4 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

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5F 67.1 66.3 67.1 54.0 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 67.1 65.8 66.1 54.0 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---




133 Qingqingjiayuan 1F 65.1 64.9 65.9 52.1 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.6 66.7 67.5 52.5 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.1 66.3 67.1 52.9 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.1 65.8 66.1 52.9 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---

134 Yichang Yuancheng Company dormitory

1F 65.1 64.9 65.9 52.1 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 65.6 66.7 67.5 52.5 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 66.1 66.3 67.1 52.9 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 66.1 65.8 66.1 52.9 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---


136 Wanjiazui Village 1F 70.9 64.9 65.9 60.9 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 137 Dongshan Avenue No. 378 1F 70.9 64.9 65.9 60.9 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 71.3 66.7 67.5 61.3 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 71.3 66.3 67.1 61.3 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 71.3 65.8 66.1 61.3 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---

138 Yiling Avenue No. 309 1F 70.9 64.9 65.9 60.9 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 71.3 66.7 67.5 61.3 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 71.3 66.3 67.1 61.3 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

139 Wangjiahe Community 1F 69.0 64.9 65.9 54.0 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 69.4 66.7 67.5 54.3 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- ---

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5F 69.4 66.3 67.1 54.3 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 140 Steel Pipe Factory dormitory 1F 63.9 64.9 65.9 52.6 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3F 68.0 66.7 67.5 53.9 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.8 66.3 67.1 54.4 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

141 Baisha’nao Community 1F 63.9 64.9 65.9 52.6 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 68.0 66.7 67.5 53.9 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.8 66.3 67.1 54.4 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

142 Resin Factory dormitory 1F 63.9 64.9 65.9 52.6 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 68.0 66.7 67.5 53.9 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 68.8 66.3 67.1 54.4 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

143 Bayi Steel Products dormitory 1F 66.0 64.9 65.9 52.3 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.7 66.7 67.5 52.8 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.0 66.3 67.1 53.3 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

144 Yichang No. 15 Middle School 1F 66.0 64.9 65.9 52.3 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 66.7 66.7 67.5 52.8 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 67.0 66.3 67.1 53.3 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

145 Baimashan Community 1F 72.9 64.9 65.9 56.7 55.6 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 73.1 66.7 67.5 57.0 56.7 58.4 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 73.6 66.3 67.1 57.7 56.2 58.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

146 Jucheng Road

Dushitianyuan 1F 70.8 62.8 64.0 58.8 53.4 55.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 74.6 65.0 66.1 59.4 55.3 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 74.8 65.0 66.1 60.1 55.1 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 75.0 64.8 65.8 60.7 54.7 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 71.5 63.6 64.6 60.1 53.9 56.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

147 Baimashan Community 1F 71.0 62.8 64.0 69.2 53.4 55.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 74.2 65.0 66.1 69.9 55.3 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 73.7 65.0 66.1 70.8 55.1 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 74.3 64.8 65.8 71.6 54.7 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- ---

148 Huayan Community 1F 71.0 62.8 64.0 69.2 53.4 55.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 74.2 65.0 66.1 69.9 55.3 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 73.7 65.0 66.1 70.8 55.1 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 74.3 64.8 65.8 71.6 54.7 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 72.0 63.6 64.6 71.2 53.9 56.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 72.0 62.4 63.3 71.2 52.6 54.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

149 Chunhua Hospital 1F 72.1 62.8 64.0 69.3 53.4 55.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2F 72.1 64.5 65.7 69.3 54.9 57.1 --- --- --- --- --- ---

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3F 69.9 65.0 66.1 68.4 55.3 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4F 69.9 65.0 66.1 68.4 55.3 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---

150 Xiangshanfujiuyuan (under construction)

1F 71.0 62.8 64.0 69.2 53.4 55.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3F 74.2 65.0 66.1 69.9 55.3 57.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5F 73.7 65.0 66.1 70.8 55.1 57.3 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7F 74.3 64.8 65.8 71.6 54.7 56.8 --- --- --- --- --- --- 10F 72.0 63.6 64.6 71.2 53.9 56.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- 15F 72.0 62.4 63.3 71.2 52.6 54.7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

GB 3096-2008 standard 70 55 60 50 World Band Group EHS standard 70 70 55 45

Data exceed both GB 3096-2008 and EHS noise standards Data exceed GB 3096-2008 noise standard Data exceed EHS noise standard

Source: Draft EIR.

95

164. The assessment results illustrate the serious night time noise pollution problem which is not attributable to the provision of BRT through this Project. The provision of BRT, as explained above, would in fact reduce traffic noise pollution due to better traffic flow. However, it is common practice by the PRC environmental authorities to implement mitigation measures if there is an increase in traffic noise compared to the existing condition, even if such increase is not directly attributed to the project. The EIR has included the provision of approximately 16,852 m2 of double-glazed windows for affected sensitive receptors along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor as an indirect mitigation measure. According to the EIR, double-glazed windows would reduce noise levels by 15-25 dB(A). A fund of $2.65 million (CNY 16.852 million) will be reserved under this Project for the provision of 16,852 m2 of double-glazed windows. 165. On-site inspection during EIR preparation indicated that existing buildings on the first row along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor have already installed single-glazed plastic-steel windows which would already have sound-proofing function of up to 20 dB(A). Noise mitigation along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor will therefore adopt the following princples:

i. For those sensitive receptors whose present noise levels already exceed GB 3096-2008 standards for their respective Functional Area categories, their present noise levels will be adoped as the baseline condition. Noise mitigation will be provided to those showing predicted future noise levels after project implementation higher than their present noise levels. No noise mitigation will be provided to those showing predicted future noise levels after project implementation lower than or equal to their present noise levels.

ii. For those sensitive receptors whose present noise levels comply with GB 3096-2008 standards for their respective Functional Area categories, their respective GB standards will be adopted as the baseline condition. Noise mitigation will be provided to those that show predicted future noise levels after project implementation higher than their respective GB standards.

iii. For sensitive receptors, tracking and monitoring of tshort-term and long-term noise levels during the operational stage of the BRT will be conducted. Double-glazed windows will be installed for those experiencing exceedance of th above described baseline conditions.

166. Greenhouse Gas Emissions. GHG emissions from road traffic have been described under Climate Change in Section V.A: Positive Impacts and Environmental Benefits It is anticipated that more constant and smoother traffic flows at higher speed on the project roads could contribute to a reduction in GHG emissions compared to congested, stop and go traffic. A quantitative assessment is being carried out and the results will be included in the final EIA. 167. Risk from Traffic Accidents. This impact is mitigated by strict enforcement of traffic laws and regulations. With the provision of dedicated BRT lanes and stops, non-motorized vehicle lanes and pedestrian lanes, the risk of traffic accidents would also be reduced. 2. Impacts related to Operation of the Dongshan 4th Road 168. Air Quality. Predictions in the EIR indicate that both NO2 and CO during peak hour traffic would comply with GB 3095-1996 Class II ambient air quality standard at all selected sensitive receptors along Dongshan 4th Road (Table V.8). NO2 levels at all sensitive receptors would also comply with The World Bank Group’s EHS guideline standard of 0.200 mg/m3.

96

Table V.8: Concentrations of NO2 and CO at Existing Sensitive Receptors

During Operation of Dongshan 4th Road


(mg/m3) NO2 CO

1 Fazhan Avenue–Zhongnan Road

Shiban Village 0.159 0.864 2 Heihushan Village Group #6 0.159 0.864 3 Zhongnan Road–Huaxi Road Lijiatai 0.056 0.305 4 Luojiatai 0.053 0.285 5 Meihua Village 0.044 0.236 6 Huaxi Road–Bolinhe Road Tumen Village 0.022 0.120 7 Chezhan Village 0.019 0.104 8 Bolinhe Road–Xianfeng Road Lingbao Village 0.035 0.192 9 Miaowan 0.00006 0.0003

10 Houhefan 0.064 0.353 11 Zhaojiachong 0.036 0.200 12 Chenjiachong 0.030 0.165 13 Wenjiafan Village Group #7 0.033 0.181 14 Yejiacangwu 0.036 0.200 15 Poyanwan 0.046 0.251 16 Xiangfeng Village 0.036 0.197

GB 3095-1996 Class II Standard 0.24 10Source: Draft EIR. 169. Noise. Table V.9 shows the traffic noise modeling results for Dongshan 4th Road provided by the EIR. The following observations were made based on the modeling results:

i. Noise levels of the existing environmental setting comply with GB 3096-2008 Functional Area Category 2 standards. With the construction of Dongshan 4th Road, the area will be re-classified as Functional Area Category 4a for the part that is within 35 m of the road red line and Category 2 for the part that is between 35 m to 200 m from the road red line. The noise environment will be affected by traffic travelling on Dongshan 4th Road.

ii. After Dongshan 4th Road becomes operational, noise levels will increase due to road traffic, resulting in 25% and 37.5% exceedance of both GB 3096-2008 and EHS standards (70 dB(A)) for day time noise in Functional Area Category 4a in 2018 and 2020 respectively. For day time noise in Functional Area Category 2 86.7% would exceed the more stringent GB 3096-2008 standard (60 dB(A)) and the remaining 13.3% would exceed the EHS standard (55 dB(A)) but below the GB 3096-2008. By 2030, all (100%) would exceed the more stringent GB 3096-2008 standard.

iii. Night time noise in 2018 and 2030 at all assessment points (100%) in Functional Areas Category 4a would exceed the GB 3096-2008 standard (50 dB(A)) but not the EHS standard (70 dB(A)). For night time noise in Category 2 in 2018 and 2030, all assessment points (100%) would exceed both GB 3096-2008 standard (50 dB(A)) and EHS standard (45 dB(A)).

97

Table V.9: Predicted Noise Levels at Existing Sensitive Receptors During Operation of Dongshan 4th Road

No. Sensitive Receptor

No. of Affected

Household

Affected Distance

from Road Center (m)

Existing (2012) Functional Area 4a Functional Area 2

Day Night Day Night Day Night

2018 2030 2018 2030 2018 2030 2018 2030

1 Shiban Village 21 10-200 43.9 43.0 69.8 71.8 63.8 65.8 62.0 64.0 55.9 58.0 2 Heihushan Village 14 10-200 43.0 43.0 69.8 71.8 63.8 65.8 62.0 64.0 55.9 55.8 3 Lijiatai 18 19-220 44.3 43.4 65.6 68.3 59.6 62.3 60.4 63.2 54.4 57.2

4 Luojiatai

15 22-220 44.3 43.4 65.0 67.7 59.0 61.7 63.0 65.7 57.0 59.7

5 Meihua Village 19 32-180 41.0 40.1 63.0 63.7 57.0 57.6 60.5 61.2 54.5 55.1

6 Tumen Village 42 3-180 47.0 45.3 72.0 72.7 66.0 66.6 59.6 60.3 53.6 54.3 7 Chezhan Village 18 12-180 45.2 44.2 66.9 67.6 60.9 61.6 59.4 60.1 53.4 54.0 8 Lingbao Village 10 16-160 43.2 42.6 66.9 68.1 60.9 62.1 63.2 64.4 57.2 58.4 9 Miaowan 15 6-160 43.2 42.6 71.2 72.4 65.2 66.4 61.8 62.9 55.7 56.9

10 Houhefan 3 0-160 42.5 43.2 75.4 76.6 69.4 70.5 62.0 63.2 56.0 57.2 11 Zhaojiachong 17 15-160 44.0 42.7 67.3 68.4 61.2 62.4 63.4 64.5 57.3 58.5 12 Chenjiachong 20 23-160 42.9 41.9 65.3 66.4 59.2 60.4 61.0 62.1 54.9 56.1

13 Wenjiafan Group No. 7

5 20-160 42.1 41.1 65.8 66.9 59.7 60.9 63.1 64.2 57.0 58.2

14 Yejiacangwu 10 15-160 42.5 41.1 67.1 68.3 61.1 62.3 60.9 62.1 54.9 56.1 15 Poyanwan 11 5-160 42.2 41.0 71.4 72.6 65.4 66.6 62.2 63.4 56.2 57.4 16 Xianfeng Village 7 12-160 42.2 41.0 68.0 69.1 61.9 63.1 n/a n/a n/a n/a

GB 3096-2008 standard 60 50 70 55 60 50World Band Group EHS standard 55 50 70 70 55 45

Data exceed both GB 3096-2008 and EHS noise standards Data exceed GB 3096-2008 noise standard Data exceed EHS noise standard Source: Draft EIR.

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170. Dongshan 4th Road is a new road to be constructed under this project. Noise impact is therefore attributable to this project. Mitigation measures by means of provision of double-glazed windows and resettlement are needed to reduce future noise levels to acceptable levels at existing sensitive receptors. The EIR has included the provision of approximately 836 m2 of double-glazed windows for affected sensitive receptors along Dongshan 4th Road as an indirect mitigation measure. According to the EIR, double-glazed windows would reduce noise levels by 15–25 dB(A). However, even with double-glazed windows, two households at Houhefan would still experience exceedances of the night time noise standard. These two households will be resettled. Noise mitigation measures for Dongshan 4th Road are summarized in Table V.10.

Table V.10: Summary of Noise Mitigation Measures for Dongshan 4th Road No. Location Mitigation Measure1 Shiban Village 84 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 21 households. Noise reduction >30dB 2 Heihushan Village 56 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 14 households. Noise reduction >30dB 3 Lijiatai 72 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 18 households. Noise reduction >30dB 4 Luojiatai 60 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 15 households. Noise reduction >30dB 5 Meihua Village 76 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 19 households. Noise reduction >30dB 6 Tumen Village 168 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 42 households. Noise reduction >30dB 7 Chezhan Village 72 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 18 households. Noise reduction >30dB 8 Lingbao Village 40 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 10 households. Noise reduction >30dB 9 Miaowan 60 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 15 households. Noise reduction >30dB

10 Houhefan Resettle 2 households 4 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 1 household. Noise reduction >25dB

11 Zhaojiachong 68 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 17 households. Noise reduction >30dB 12 Chenjiachong 80 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 20 households. Noise reduction >30dB 13 Wenjiafan Group #7 20 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 5 households. Noise reduction >30dB 14 Yejiacangwu 40 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 10 households. Noise reduction >30dB 15 Poyanwan 44 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 11 households. Noise reduction >30dB 16 Xianfeng Village 28 m2 double-glazed windows installed at 7 households. Noise reduction >30dB

Total Resettle 2 households Install 836 m2 double-glazed windows at 243 households

Source: Draft EIR. 171. For planning future developments, the EIR specified buffer distances from the road center line of 200 m in the Fazhan Avenue – Zhongnan Road section, 220 m in the Zhongnan Road – Huaxi Avenue section, 180 m in the Huaxi Avenue – Bolinhe Road section, and 160 m in the Bolinhe Road – Xianfeng Road section for new schools, hospitals, clinics, convalescent homes and concentrated residential households, unless their direct line of sight to the Dongshan 4th Road is shielded by a first row of more noise tolerant uses, such as office and commercial buildings. 172. Greenhouse Gas Emissions. GHG emissions from road traffic have been described above under Climate Change in Section V.A: Positive Impacts and Environmental Benefits. Dongshan 4th Road is a new road, traffic using this road instead of other roads will re-direct GHG emissions to this area. The good condition of Dongshan 4th Road provided by this project will facilitate smooth traffic flows at higher speeds, which could reduce GHG emissions compared to congested, stop and go traffic. Based on calculations from the LDI, emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides would be reduced by 2 t, 102 t and 304 t per year respectively. This will contribute to improve the air quality of Yichang as well as providing climagte change mitigation benefits. Re-directed traffic could also alleviate congestion on other urban roads, improving traffic flow and reducing congestion, which could also help to reduce GHG emissions in other urban areas. The PPTA traffic consultants compared the ‘with’ and ‘without’ Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and Dongshan 4th Road scenarios and estimated

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using emission factors in Chapter 3 of Volume 2 in IPCC (2006)17 that with smoother traffic flow and re-directed traffic, CO2 emission contribution from this project to the traffic network in urban Yichang would be reduced by 102,570 t/a. 173. Risk from Traffic Accidents. This impact can be mitigated through strict enforcement of traffic laws and regulations, especially speed limits, overloading of trucks and trucks carrying hazardous materials. 174. The provision of lanes for pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles, together with better designs of road junctions and pedestrian crossings in this project will contribute to reduced community safety risk from traffic accidents. E. Cumulative Impacts

175. Cumulative effects are defined as the impacts on the environment that result from the incremental impact of an action when added to other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future actions, regardless of the agency (central or non-central) or person undertaking such other actions. The YPMO at this time is not aware of any other construction projects that might occur within close proximity of and concurrently with the construction of Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and Dongshan 4th Road that might result in cumulative construction impacts. Review of the list of major infrastructure projects scheduled for 2012 commencement shows that none of these projects will be near the two project roads. 176. The active construction of multiple roads will cause a magnification of environmental and social impacts in the project areas in terms of traffic on the existing road network, civil works, air-borne dust, waste generation and community disturbance. The installation of wastewater collection pipelines during Dongshan 4th Road construction works will benefit from the concurrent earthworks for new roads, sharing trenches and construction equipment, without adding significantly to construction impacts. 177. Construction related cumulative impacts will be effectively minimized by adopting proper mitigation measures, including: (i) coordination between all project components and other projects in the area of influence in terms of construction schedule, possible access road and borrow/disposal sites sharing; (ii) contractors will develop material transport plan with consultation of local road management authority and local community; (iii) enforcement of good construction management to minimize dust, noise and waste generation; (iv) education of construction workers to minimize social disturbance and cultural conflict; (vi) provision of temporary access to local traffic; (vii) proper maintenance of the access roads and timely restoration/strengthening upon completion. With effective implementation of good construction management measures, these common construction-related cumulative impacts can be adequately mitigated to acceptable levels. F. Indirect and Induced Impacts

178. The upgrading of an existing road (such as Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor) or the construction of a new road (such as Dongshan 4th Road) where none existed before has the potential to influence traffic volumes and consequent developments on adjacent roads. The proposed roads and bridges as well as future traffic volumes on these roads and bridges have been examined in the context of the appropriate Master Plans in the FSR. The proposed roads

17 IPCC. 2006. 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories.

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and bridges will address the weak links of the existing road network. With their completion, the scope of the road network will be expanded, and the traffic function and level of service provided for the adjacent areas will be improved and enhanced. Their individual contributions to, and influence on the district and neighborhood traffic flows, have therefore been assessed within the context of the relevant plans and are considered appropriate. The Dongshan 4th Road would have induced positive impacts on the development of the nearby Biological Industrial Park and the Dongshan 4th Road Suburban Zone, by providing transport and transportation access and also wastewater collection. Significant indirect or induced negative impacts are not anticipated. Dongshan 4th Road could also bring more visitors to the nature reserves. These two reserves are under provincial management to ensure that wildlife within the nature reserves are protected from human disturbance. Induced negative impacts are not anticipated. G. Associated Facilities

179. The project does not comprise typical associated facilities, as defined under ADB’s SPS (2009). There are no facilities that are not funded by the project, but whose viability and existence are entirely dependent upon the project, and whose goods or services are essential for the project’s successful operation. However, the project will require external service in terms of wastewater treatment to achieve the full environmental benefits of wastewater collection along the Dongshan 4th Road envisaged by the project. 180. Wastewater Treatment. Dongshan 4th Road will have wastewater collection pipelines installed to service the new development areas of the Dongshan 4th Road Suburban Zone and the Biological Industrial Park. The collected wastewater will be treated at the Huayan WWTP. This is a planned facility located near the middle section of the Bolinhe Road adjacent to the Hanyi Inter-city Rail line. The total design treatment capacity is 100,000 m3/d. The facility is being constructed in phases. Phase 1, has a design treatment capacity of 25,000 m3/d, the domestic environmental impact assessment process has been completed. The plant is under construction and Phase 1 is expected to commence operation in the first half of 2013. 181. Its service area totals 35.61 km2, extending to Gangyao Road to the northwest, Yihuang Expressway to the southwest, the foothill of Bolin River to the east, and Dongshan 4th Road and Lianghe Road to the north. Its service area covers the Yichang East Rail Station Suburban Zone, Yichang East Rail Station Logistics Park, Wujiagang Industrial Park, Biological Industrial Park and Dongshan 4th Road Suburban Zone. 182. Treatment will be by improved A2/O activated sludge process followed by tertiary treatment to PRC’s Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB 18918-2002) and its revision Class 1A standard for discharging into the Bolin River. Class 1A is the highest treatment standard for discharging into inland waters. Table V.11 shows Class 1A standard for water quality control parameters. Table V.11: GB 18918-2002 Class 1A Effluent Standard for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant

No. Control Parameter Maximum Allowable Daily Average

Concentration 1 Chemical oxygen demand (COD) 50 mg/l 2 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) 10 mg/l 3 Suspended solids (SS) 10 mg/l 4 Oil & grease (O&G) 1 mg/l 5 Petroleum hydrocarbon 1 mg/l 6 Anionic surfactant 0.5 mg/l 7 Total nitrogen (as N) (TN) 15 mg/l

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No. Control Parameter Maximum Allowable Daily Average

Concentration 8 Ammonia nitrogen (as N) (NH3-N) 5 (8) mg/l 9 Total phosphorus (as P) (TP) 0.5 mg/l 10 Color (dilution factor) 30 11 pH 6 - 9 12 Fecal coliform bacteria 1,000 no./l Note: For NH3-N, value without parenthesis is for water temperature >12oC; value in parenthesis is for water temperature ≤12oC

183. Due diligence undertaken and described above has indicated that this facility would comply with relevant standards and does not represent significant risks to the success of the Project.

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VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

184. During project preparation, various alternatives for the project components were proposed, screened, and studied against technical, economic, social, and environmental criteria. The primary objective with respect to environmental criteria was to identify and adopt options with the least adverse environmental impacts and maximum environmental benefits. The following key environmental factors were used in comparing the alternatives: (i) potential impacts on air quality and noise; (ii) land occupation; (iii) minimization of community disturbance; (iv) resettlement; and (v) adaptation to local context (climatic constraints, required skills, etc.) A. Project Alternative

185. All analyses considered the ‘do-nothing’ alternative, the consequences of which are a continuation of the current situation for the Dongshan Avenue without the BRT corridor and no Dongshan 4th Road. 186. Without this Project, the population of 1,307,700 residing in the Districts of Yiling, Xiling, Wujiagang and Xiaoting would not benefit from a sustainable transport system which supports urban and industrial developments, and would continue to suffer congestion and traffic accident risks on Dongshan Avenue. Yichang would not have an efficient public transport system that reduces the costs of transport in serving the major districts, industrial sites and transport hubs or provide better accessibility to employment and services in the city. Yichang would also lose the benefits of behavioral change with respect to road safety and traffic management. 187. There are presently 32 bus lines running along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor carriageway, accounting for over 55% of the total bus lines in the city with over 90% of the daily average passenger volume. Without the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor, public buses would continue to fight for lanes with other motor vehicles when getting in and out of stops in congested traffic, resulting in road safety risks and slower travel time for the passengers. The opportunity to reduce traffic noise from smoother and faster traffic flow (both buses and other motor vehicles) would also be lost (see Tables V.1 and V.2), and nearby sensitive receptors would experience worse noise pollution in future years. 188. Without the Dongshan 4th Road, Yichang would lose the opportunity to expand in the northeast direction and gradually alter the linear strip pattern of the city. The connection between two industrial parks (the logistic park of Wujiagang located to the north of the rail station, and Xiaoxita industrial park located in the northern part of Yajiahe) to form a freight transport corridor to the north of central urban area would not materialize. The connectivity of the different districts of urban area in Yichang would not be improved. This would limit accessibility to the northern part of Yichang and the development of the local economy in terms of job creation and poverty alleviation of these areas. Despite less job and poverty alleviation opportunities, residents in these areas will continue to enjoy a quiet environment without noise pollution from Dongshan 4th Road. 189. With the Project, Yichang will have a sustainable transport system. The BRT will provide better and more efficient public transport service to the residents while those living alongside the BRT corridor will enjoy a better noise environment compared to the existing situation. Dongshan 4th Road will improve connectivity in the northern part of Yichang, facilitating residential and industrial developments that will create jobs and alleviate poverty for the residents in the area.

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Noise induced by traffic from Dongshan 4th Road will be mitigated so that nearby residents will be adequately protected from noise pollution. Motor vehicles travelling on Dongshan 4th Road at higher consistent speed compared to travelling on congested city roads if there were no Dongshan 4th Road would emit less GHGs, contributing to climate change mitigation and improved air quality. B. Alternatives Considered

190. Road Alignment. The BRT corridor follows the existing bus route so there was no alternative considered except for a section near Jiangjunyan on Yemingzhu Road where a bridge was first considered. Since building the bridge would have involved in-channel works, an alternative route, though slightly longer, was chosen to avoid the construction of the bridge and impacts on the river. 191. For Dongshan 4th Road, two alignments were considered. Alternative 1 is slightly shorter, 23.342 km; while Alternative 2 is 23.918. Alternative 2 is more environmentally sensitive as the alignment will traverse a nature reserve and a drinking water source protection area and will be near a large reservoir which is a back up drinking water source. On this basis, Alternative 1 was selected. Figure VI.1 shows the two alignment alternatives for Dongshan 4th Road. Table VI.1 compares the pros and cons of the two alternative alignments.

Figure VI.1: Alternative Alignments Considered for Dongshan 4th Road

Alternative 1 (selected)

Alternative 2

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Table VI.1: Dongshan 4th Road Alignment Comparison

No. Consideration Factor

Alignment ComparisonAlternative 1 (selected) Alternative 2

1 Planning Provide better connectivity with major roads an streets in northern urban YIchang

Less functional to the overall urban master plan for the northern urban Yichang

2 Noise environment

Dominated by village housholds with approximately 16 sensitive receptors

Dominated by village housholds with approximately 16 sensitive receptors

3 Water environment

Cross Bolin River and Hou River, with nearby Damaoerchong and Xiaomaoerchong dammed ponds

Cross Bolin River and Hou River, with nearby Damaoerchong and Xiaomaoerchong dammed ponds. Traverse between Shiban Reservoir and Meiziya Reservoir, the latter being a backup drinking water source. The alignment will also traverse drinking water protection area.

4 Ecological environment

Length = 23.342 km. Soil erosion 48,200 t. Ecological habitat similar to Alternative 2

Length = 23.918 km. Soil erosion 50,965 t. Ecological habitat similar to Alternative 1. Traverse the Xiling Egretry Nature Reserve.

5 Social environment

Demolition 53,858 m2. Land acquisition 139.58 ha.

Demolition 49,500 m2. Land acquisition 142.5 ha.

Source: Draft EIR. 192. Road Cross Section. Different design schemes on different sections of Dongshan 4th Road were considered based on road function, traffic volume, and pedestrian and non-motorized vehicle use. An example is the section from Zhongnan Road to Bolinhe Road where two cross section schemes were adopted (Figure VI.2). Scheme one has wider pedestrian lanes and landscape belts while scheme 2 has wider frontage roads with non-motorized vehicle lanes.

Scheme one

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Scheme 2 Figure VI.2: Cross Sections for Dongshan 4th Road Section Between Zhongnan Road and

Bolinhe Road

193. Road Pavement. For Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor, asphalt concrete pavement and cement concrete pavement were considered. Asphalt concrete pavement was selected because it is relatively easy to be applied and repaired. In addition, it will be more appropriate for the local weather conditions and to a certain extent it reduces road traffic noise in comparison with rigid concrete pavement. 194. For Dongshan 4th Road carriageway and frontage road, two pavement schemes were considered. In scheme one, a rigid pavement design using a 24-cm cement concrete for the top layer would be adopted initially such that the subgrade could be stablilized, then aspalt concrete applied to the top in the future. Scheme two adopts a flexible design with asphalt concrete pavement. Scheme one is rarely used for new road construction, it is more commonly used for treatment of damaged pavement or upgrading of existing concrete pavements, and the cost is high. Scheme two was selected. 195. Super Structure for 30-m Span Bridges. There will be five 30-m span bridges on Dongshan 4th Road. The FSR proposed two options for super structure: pre-stressed concrete continuouse box girder and prefabricated pre-stressed small box girder (Figure VI.3). The FSR selected pre-stressed concrete continuous box girder for 30-m span bridges but did not provide a rationale.

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Pre-stressed concrete continuouse box girder Prefabricated pre-stressed small box girder Figure VI.3: Super Structure Options for 30-m Span Bridges

196. Pipe Materials. Five piping materials were compared for the wastewater collection pipes to be installed along Dongshan 4th Road. These included reinforced concrete, PVC, HDPE, steel, and fiberglass reinforced. Reinforced concrete pipes were selected because of least cost and their durability.

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VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION

A. Legislative Framework for Consultation, Participation and Information Disclosure

197. Meaningful participation and consultation in the evaluation of project planning, feasibility study, design and implementation is an important environment safeguards requirement; it can directly reflect the public’s perceptions of environmental quality in the project’s area of influence. Relevant provisions in the Environmental Protection Law of PRC and the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection (Order of the State Council, No. 253) require that “Environmental Impact Report formulated by construction unit shall be in accordance with relevant laws to solicit the opinions of units concerned and inhabitants of project construction site". ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement also requires meaningful participation, consultation and information disclosure. The consultation processes for this project therefore follow both the PRC requirements and the ADB requirements. 198. Information disclosure and public consultation have been conducted during preparation of the FSRs, domestic EIR and the EIA. Information disclosure and consultation included: internet/newspaper disclosure, informal communication with key stakeholders which include residents, local authorities and sector specific institutions and authorities; a questionnaire survey; and a wider meeting attended by affected people and other concerned stakeholders. B. Information Disclosure

199. Three rounds of information disclosure for the project was conducted by the domestic environmental institute, details are summarized in Table VII.1. The first round of information disclosure was carried out during the early stage of EIR preparation, content mainly included a detailed description of project scope, and contact details of the YPMO, the domestic environmental Institute and the YEPB. Figure VII.1 shows the details of the first round of information disclosure. The second and third rounds of information disclosure was undertaken after the preparation of draft EIR report to solicit public comments and suggestions on the preliminary findings of the assessment, including the potential impacts identified, proposed mitigation measures and conclusions. No comments from the public were received.

Table VII.1: Summary of Information Disclosure Information Disclosure

Date Location Posted

1st time 28 April 2012 Hubei Environmental Protection Department website Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau website

2nd time 17 September 2012 Hubei Environmental Protection Department website Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau website

3rd time 26 September 2016 Hubei Environmental Protection Department website Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau website

Source: Draft EIR.

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Hubei EPD website Yichang EPB website Figure VII.1: First Round Of Information Disclosure on 28 April 2012

C. Consultation and Participation during Project Preparation

200. Two rounds of consultation and participation were conducted during project preparation by means of discussion forum and questionnaire survey. 201. First Round of Consultation and Participation. The first round was conducted on 27 September 2012 in the form of a discussion forum (Figure VII.2). Over 120 people attended, including representatives from the affected areas (mainly from villages impacted by resettlement and land acquisition), peoples’ congress, political consultative committee, non-partisan democrats, women’s union, handicapped association, students, communities, towns, villages, hospitals, schools, enterprises, Xiling District, Wujiagang District, Yiling District and Xiaoting District. Local government representatives from the project areas included those from the Development and Reform Commission, Environmental Protection Bureau, Environmental Sanitation Bureau, Construction Bureau, Finance Bureau, Transport Bureau and Civil Affairs Bureau.

Figure VII.2: Discussion Forum on 27 September 2012

202. Second Round of Consultation and Participation. The second round was conducted by questionnaire survey along the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and the proposed Dongshan 4th Road alignment on 8–9 October, 2012. Of the 180 survey forms distributed, 172 (96%) were returned. Of the people surveyed, the male:female ratio was 58:42; 77% were older than 30 years; and 77% had high school or higher education. In addition, 17 survey forms were sent to

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resident or community committees, District EPB, District Construction Bureau and local enterprises. The return rate was 100%. 203. Public Opinion. Of the 189 survey forms received, 80.2% endorsed the project and the remaining 19.8% indicated that the project was acceptable. There was no objection to the project. Table VII.2 summarises the main questions and issues raised during the discussion forum, the questionnaire surveys and the responses from the project proponent and the environmental design institute

Table VII.2: Issues Raised During Public Consultation and Project Proponent Responses Stage Issues raised ResponsesConstruction Nuisance to pedestrians

and traffic Shorten construction period by speeding up construction activities without compromising quality. Ensure road and pedestrian safety and smooth traffic flow during construction

Night time noise from PME

Avoid night time construction. If night time construction is needed, forbid the use of noisy PME, and issue public notice to nearby residents to obtain their consent before works begin.

Planting of trees in the landscape belt to reduce noise and to take up vehicle emissions

Select suitable species and complete planting as quickly as possible

Emphasize on environmental and ecological protection

Clearly identify construction site and haul road boundaries to minimize habitat destruction and ecological damage. Restore temporay land take areas quickly after works completion.

Construction dust Put hoading up and cover up earth stockpiles. Transfer to storage and disposal areas regularly.

Wastewater discharge Process water wll go through sedimentation tanks to remove suspended solids. Chemical toilets will be provided on site to treat domestic wastewater. Regular inspection of machinery will be carried out to prevent oil leakage.

Operation Traffic noise nuisance Strengthen traffic management and enforce traffic laws on speed limits Vehicle exhaust Strengthen requirments for vehicle inspections and maintenance.

Strengthen environmental management by conducting regular ambient air quality monitoring by the environmental authorities.

Source: Draft EIR. D. Future Plans for Public Participation

204. Meaningful consultation to safeguard the environment and local residents will continue throughout detailed design, construction and operation phases. The implementing agency (IA) and the YPMO will be responsible for organizing the public consultations, with the support of the environmental specialists of the loan implementation consultancy services. The contractors will be required to communicate and consult with the communities in the project area of influence, especially those near road alignments. Eye-catching public notice boards will be set at each work site to provide information on the purpose of the project activity, the duration of disturbance, the responsible entities on-site (contractors, IA), and the project level Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). Contact information of all GRM entry points and the YPMO will be disclosed on the construction site information boards. Consultation will focus on public complaints about public nuisances from construction and operation activities, such as noise, asphalt fume nuisance, dust, traffic disturbance, as well as public concerns about the environment and resettlement. 205. Future consultation and participation will also include (i) involvement of affected people during inspection and monitoring of EMP implementation during construction and operation phases; (ii) participatory evaluation on the environmental and social-economic benefits and

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impacts; and (iii) consultation with the public after the project completion. The EMP has accordingly provided plans for future public participation. The EMP for this Project is included as Attachment A to this report. 206. The project environmental information will be disclosed by ADB as follows: (i) this EIA will be available for review at www.adb.org before ADB Board consideration; (ii) copies of the domestic EIR (in Chinese) are available on request at the YPMO; and, (iii) environment progress will be reported in the quarterly project progress reports and the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports which will be disclosed on ADB’s project website (www.adb.org).

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VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

207. Public participation, consultation and information disclosure undertaken as part of the local EIR process, assessment and development of resettlement plans, and consultations undertaken by the project consultants have discussed and addressed major community concerns. Continued public participation and consultation have been emphasised as a key component of successful project implementation. As a result of this public participation and safeguard assessment during the initial stages of the project, major issues of grievance are not expected. However, unforeseen issues may occur. To settle such issues effectively, a transparent grievance redress mechanism (GRM) for lodging complaints and grievances has been defined for environment related issues. 208. In addition to serving as a platform to resolve grievances, the GRM has been designed to help achieve the following objectives: (i) open channel for effective communication, including the identification of new environmental issues of concern arising from the project; (ii) prevent and mitigate any adverse environmental impacts on communities caused by project implementation and operations; (iii) improve mutual trust and respect and promote productive relationships with local communities; and (iv) build community acceptance of the Project. 209. The GRM will be accessible to diverse members of the community, including more vulnerable groups such as women and youth. Multiple points of entry and modes of access, including face-to-face meetings, written complaints, telephone conversations, or e-mail, will be available. Opportunities for confidentiality and privacy for complainants will be honored where this is requested. The details of the GRM are described in the EMP (Attachment A) and also explained during public consultation with the participants of the public forum. The GRM will be operational prior to commencement of construction works. 210. In addition to the GRM described above, ADB's overall accountability mechanism (2012) applies.18 The mechanism provides opportunities for people adversely affected by ADB-financed projects to express their grievances; seek solutions; and report alleged violations of ADB’s operational policies and procedures, including safeguard policies. ADB’s accountability mechanism comprises two separate, but related, functions: (i) consultation, led by ADB’s special project facilitator, to assist people adversely affected by ADB-assisted projects in finding solutions to their problems; and (ii) providing a process through which those affected by projects can file requests for compliance review by ADB’s Compliance Review Panel.

18 The revised accountability mechanism became effective on 24 May 2012.

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IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Objectives

211. The environmental management plan (EMP) for the Project is presented in Attachment A. The EMP defines mitigation measures and describes the involved institutions and mechanisms to monitor and ensure compliance with environmental regulations and implementation of the mitigation measures. Such institutions and mechanisms will seek to ensure continuous improvement of environmental protection activities during preconstruction, construction, and operation of the project in order to prevent, reduce, or mitigate adverse impacts. The EMP draws on the domestic EIR and on the PPTA discussions and agreements with the relevant government agencies. The EMP will be reviewed and updated at the end of the detailed design in order to be consistent with the final detailed design. The updated EMP will be disclosed on ADB’s project website. B. Organizational Structure for Environmental Management

212. As Executing Agency (EA), the Yichang Municipal Government (YMG) will be responsible for the overall implementation and compliance with loan assurances and the EMP (including Environmental Monitoring Plan). The EA has established a Yichang Project Management Office (YPMO), who will be responsible, on behalf of the EA, for the day-to-day management of the project. The YPMO will have the overall responsibility delegated by the EA for (amongst others) supervising the implementation of environment mitigation measures, coordinating the project level Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and reporting to ADB. YPMO will engage technical engineering design institutes and project implementation consultants and will manage the procurement process. The YPMO will appoint one environment specialist in charge to supervise the effective implementation of the EMP and to coordinate the Project level GRM. In addition, the YPMO will prepare quarterly project progress reports and semi-annual environmental monitoring reports and submit them to ADB. 213. Yichang Municipal Urban Construction Investment and Development Co., Ltd. (YMUCID) will be the implementing agency (IA) for the project. YMUCID will assume the debt servicing responsibility as the end-user of the ADB loan. It will implement project components, administer and monitor contractors and suppliers, and be responsible for construction supervision and quality control. YMUCID will ensure that the EMP is implemented, and respond to any adverse impact beyond those foreseen in the EIA. YMUCID will also attend to requests from relevant agencies and ADB regarding the mitigation measures and monitoring program. YMUCID will nominate dedicated, trained, and qualified environment specialists to (i) supervise contractors and ensure compliance with the EMP; (ii) conduct regular site inspections; (iii) coordinate periodic internal environmental monitoring in accordance with the approved monitoring plan,19 (iv) act as local entry point for the project grievance redress mechanism (GRM); (vi) submit quarterly monitoring results to the contractors for information, and to the YPMO and YEPB for verification and confirmation. 214. To ensure that contractors comply with the EMP’s provisions, the YPMO and YMUCID will prepare and provide the following for incorporation into the bidding procedures: (i) a list of environmental management and monitoring requirements to be budgeted by the bidders in their

19 The Yichang environmental monitoring station (under the Yichang environmental protection bureau) will be

contracted by YMUCID to conduct internal environment monitoring.

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proposals, (ii) environmental clauses for contractual terms and conditions, and (iii) full EIA and EMP for compliance. 215. Environmental training will be essential for the YPMO, YMUCID and contractors to implement the EMP. The YPMO, with the support of the loan implementation environmental consultant (LIEC) who will provide the training, will be responsible for organizing training programs for the staff and environmental specialists within YPMO and YMUCID, which will cover (i) environmental laws, regulation, and policies; (ii) implementing mitigation measures; (iii) environmental technologies and procurement; (iv) environmental monitoring, and supervision; and (v) documentation and reporting. 216. Loan Implementation Environmental Consultant (LIEC). Under the loan implementation consultancy services and within six months after loan signing, one international and one national LIEC will be appointed by YMUCID to support the project with (i) project preparation, including EMP update; (ii) EMP training, (iii) semi-annual EMP compliance verification; (iv) quarterly project progress and semi-annual environment monitoring reporting; (v) identifying environment-related implementation issues and necessary corrective actions to be reflected in an action plan; and (v) undertaking site visits as required. The LIEC will:

i. assess the project components’ environmental readiness prior to implementation based on the readiness indicators defined in Table A.3 in the EMP;

ii. support YMUCID in updating the EMP including monitoring plan as necessary to revise or incorporate additional environmental mitigation and monitoring measures, budget, institutional arrangements, etc, that may be required based on the detailed design; submit to ADB for approval and disclosure; ensure compliance with the PRC’s environmental laws and regulations, ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) and Public Communications Policy (2011), and the World Bank Group’s Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines;

iii. if required, update the EIA and EMP reports for changes in the project during detailed design (for example if there is a major scope change) that would result in adverse environmental impacts not within the scope of the approved EIA/EMP;

iv. support the YMG, YPMO, YMUCID and tendering companies in preparing tender documents; ensure that the bidding documents and civil works contracts contain provisions requiring contractors to comply with the mitigation measures in the EMP and that relevant sections of the project EMP (or updated EMP, if prepared) are incorporated in the bidding and contract documents;

v. assist the YMG, YPMO, YMUCID to establish a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM), and provide training for the YPMO and GRM access points;

vi. conduct regular EMP compliance assessments, undertake site visits as required, identify any environment-related implementation issues, propose necessary corrective actions, reflect these in a corrective action plan;

vii. assist the YPMO to prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring and progress reports to ADB;

viii. provide training to YPMO, YMUCID and contractors on environmental laws, regulations and policies, SPS 2009, EMP implementation, and GRM in accordance with the training plan defined in the EMP; and

ix. assist the YPMO and YMUCID in conducting consultation meetings with relevant

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stakeholders as required, informing them of imminent construction works, updating them on the latest project development activities, GRM.

C. Inspection, Monitoring and Reporting

217. Internal environmental monitoring will include monitoring of air quality, noise, water quality and other parameters described in the EMP. Internal environmental monitoring during construction and operation will be conducted by the Yichang Environmental Monitoring Station, a licensed environmental monitoring station (EMS),20 contracted by YMUCID. The monitoring results will be submitted to the YPMO and YMUCID, and will be reported in the quarterly project progress reports and the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports prepared by the YPMO and submitted to ADB. 218. External environmental monitoring will be periodically conducted by the local environmental authorities in the framework of their legal mandate to check compliance with applicable environmental regulations. They will be responsible for undertaking regular and random environmental monitoring and inspection activities before, during, and after construction as well as in the event of emergencies. 219. Compliance monitoring. EMP compliance monitoring/ verification will be undertaken by the YPMO, with support of the LIEC. The YPMO will report to ADB the progress of the EMP, implementation, environmental performance of the contactors, and environmental compliance in the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports. Quarterly project progress reports will include a summary of EMP implementation progress and compliance. The LIEC will support the YPMO in developing the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports. The reports should confirm the project’s compliance with the EMP, local legislation such as EIA requirements, and identify any environment related implementation issues and necessary corrective actions, which should be reflected in a corrective action plan. The performance of the contractors will also be reported with respect to environmental protection and impact mitigation. The operation and performance of the project GRM, environmental institutional strengthening and training, and compliance with all covenants under the project will also be included in the report. 220. Moreover, within 3 months after each component completion, or no later than one year with permission of the YEPB, environmental acceptance monitoring and audit reports of each component completion shall be: (i) prepared by a licensed environmental monitoring station in accordance with the PRC Regulation on Project Completion Environmental Audit (MEP, 2001), (ii) reviewed for approval by environmental authorities prior to the official commencement of component operation, and (iii) finally reported to ADB. The environmental acceptance reports for completed components will indicate the timing, extent, effectiveness of completed mitigation and of maintenance, and the needs for additional mitigation measures and monitoring during operation. These environmental acceptance reports will be provided to the LIEC who is responsible for preparing an environmental completion report and inputs for the Project Completion Report for ADB.

20 In the PRC, only the monitoring data from licensed environmental monitoring stations are recognized by the

environmental authorities.

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X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

A. Expected Project Benefits

221. The Project will directly benefit a population of 1,307,700, those residing in the Districts of Yiling, Xiling, Wujiagang and Xiaoting. It will further benefit, indirectly, the remaining population of 2,677,300 in Yichang. Residents will benefit from a sustainable transport system which will support urban and industrial development. An efficient public transport system will result in cost and time savings, improving transport services for the major districts, industrial sites, transport hubs and providing better accessibility to employment and services in the city. The Project will also maximize the benefits of improved infrastructure by encouraging behavioral change with respect to road safety and traffic management. 222. Provision of the BRT corridor will improve traffic flow, resulting in faster travel time for bus passengers, better road and pedestrian safety, and reduced traffic noise to nearby sensitive receptors compared to the “no project” scenario. Improved road conditions and smoother traffic flow at higher and more constant speeds would result in less carbon emissions per vehicle per unit distance travelled compared to congested roads with stop-and-go traffic. Dongshan 4th Road will redirect congested traffic from the urban center, provide better road conditions and allow travel at more consistent speeds. As a result, it is estimated that CO2 emissions will be reduced by 102,570 t/a. B. Adverse Impacts and Mitigation Measures

223. This Project will permanently take up approximately 189.17 ha of land, which is an irreversible impact. Compensation and resettlement will fully meet the PRC and ADB applicable policies and requirements. No rare, threatened, or protected species has been recorded in the project areas. No physical cultural resources would be affected by this Project. 224. During construction, dust from construction sites, noise from power mechanical equipment, wastewater and solid wastes generated on construction sites, and construction traffic are the main adverse impacts. Good housekeeping and effective mitigation measures will be implemented to reduce these impacts to acceptable levels. The temporary land take areas upon completion of the construction stage will be vegetated and landscaped. 225. Impacts during operation include traffic noise and motor vehicle emissions. Air quality from motor vehicle emissions has been predicted to be in compliance with applicable standards at existing sensitive receptors along the project roads. For traffic noise, mitigation measures include the installation of double-glazed windows at sensitive receptors along the project roads that will experience exceedance of applicable noise standards, and resettlement of two households along the Dongshan 4th Road. 226. Based on information gathered and assessments performed by the domestic environmental design institute, it is concluded that environmental impacts during the construction and operational stages of the project would be acceptable and in compliance with PRC regulations and standards and ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) if the prepared EMP is implemented and monitored diligently. The EMP defines mitigation measures and monitoring requirements for the design, construction, and operational stages of the project.

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Appropriate environmental safeguards for the planned works are proposed and form part of a comprehensive set of project management documents. C. Risks and Assurances

227. The Project has no unusual technical risks and conventional engineering designs with proven reliability and performance will be adopted for all the components. From an environment safeguards point of view, the main risk relates to the failure of the YPMO, YMUCID and O&M units to monitor environmental impacts and implement the EMP during construction and operational stages. This risk will be mitigated by (i) providing training in environmental management under the project; (ii) appointing qualified project implementation consultants, (iii) following appropriate project implementation monitoring and mitigation arrangements, (iv) ADB conducting regular project reviews; and (v) project assurances covenanted in the loan and project agreement with ADB. 228. General and specific environmental project assurances are required to ensure that the project can achieve its envisaged outcome. The following sections define the assurances that will be included in the loan and project agreements.

1. General Environmental Assurances

229. YMG will ensure and cause the IA to ensure that the preparation, design, construction, implementation, operation, maintenance, monitoring and decommissioning of the Project and project facilities comply with (i) all applicable laws and regulations of the Government environment, health, and safety; (ii) the Environmental Safeguards (i.e. principles and requirements set forth in ADB's Safeguard Policy Statement (2009); and (ii) all measures and requirements set forth in the domestic environmental impact report (EIR), consolidated EIA (CEIA) and environmental management plan (EMP) for the Project; and any corrective or preventive actions (a) set forth in a safeguards monitoring report, or (b) which are subsequently agreed between ADB and the Government. YMG will cause the IA to prepare, at the outset of component implementation, detailed internal monitoring programs to be implemented by the contractors during construction and operation phases, and to incorporate such mitigation and monitoring measures into the design of components, relevant bidding documents and construction contracts. Throughout project implementation, YMG and the IA will review any changes to the project design that may potentially cause negative environmental impacts, and in consultation with ADB, update EIA and CEIA by revising mitigation measures as necessary to assure full environmental compliance. 230. YMG and the IA will ensure that sufficient resources and full time personnel are provided for monitoring EMP implementation, under the guidance of YEPD, and making appropriate use of external independent environmental monitoring centers. YMG will ensure that the IA is obliged to provide semi-annual environmental monitoring reports throughout the construction period to the YPMO, which will in turn prepare and submit to ADB semi-annual environmental monitoring reports in a format acceptable to ADB.

2. Specific Environmental Assurances

231. YMG will ensure the IA (a) select spoil disposal sites appropriate to the scale of spoil generated in locations approved by YEPD, (b) endorse such sites as being consistent with the selection criteria set out in the EMP, and (c) manage the sites in accordance with the EMP, YEPD and city environmental protection requirements.

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232. YMG and the IA will ensure that the wastewater collection network associated with Dongshan 4th Road is, (a) connected to a wastewater treatment plant that has been developed in accordance with all relevant PRC requirements, including the provisions of the PRC Environmental Impact Assessment Law of 2003 and all associated guidelines, (b) connections from the wastewater generators to the project pipe network and from the project pipe network to the wastewater treatment plant are constructed on time and constructed and maintained to a high standard, (c) all wastewater is collected and treated in line with applicable standards. 233. YMG will ensure that within 60 days from the loan effectiveness, Yichang PMO establishes the project grievance redress mechanism relating to safeguards in line with the EMP and Resettlement Plan and establishes a task force functioning effectively to: (a) review and document eligible complaints of project stakeholders; (b) proactively address grievances; (c) agree with the complainants the chosen mechanism for redress; and (d) prepare periodic reports to summarise the number of complaints received and resolved, and final outcomes of the grievances and chosen actions and make these reports available to ADB on request. Eligible complaints include those related to the Project, any of the service providers, any person responsible for carrying out the Project, complaints on misuse of funds and other irregularities and grievances due to any safeguard issues, including resettlement, environment, and gender. D. Overall Conclusion

234. The Project will facilitate the development of sustainable urban transport in Yichang. The provision of BRT system will improve public transport, traffic flow and traffic safety in the busy urban area. The new Donshan 4th Road will facilitate residential, commercial and industrial developments in the northern part of Yichang’s urban area, providing economic development and job opportunities for nearby residents. This new road will also divert through traffic from the urban center, thus alleviating traffic congestion and associated air quality and noise impacts in the city center. 235. The domestic EIR and this EIA conclude that all identified environmental impacts can be mitigated to acceptable levels if the measures defined in the EMP are carefully implemented and monitored. The Project is feasible from an environmental safeguards point of view.

ATTACHMENT A

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

June 2013

People’s Republic of China: Hubei Yichang Sustainable Urban

Transport Project

Prepared by the Yichang Municipal Government for the Asian Development Bank (ADB)

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

I. Introduction

1. This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is developed for the Hubei Yichang

Sustainable Urban Transport Project (the Project) and defines all potential impacts of the project

components and the mitigation and protection measures with the objective of avoiding or

reducing these impacts to acceptable levels. The EMP also defines the institutional

arrangements and mechanisms, the roles and responsibilities of different institutions and

procedures and budgets for implementation of the EMP. The EMP seeks to ensure effective

implementation of environmental protection activities during preconstruction, construction, and

operation in order to prevent, reduce, or mitigate adverse impacts and risks. The EMP draws on

the findings of the project EIA, the domestic EIR, PPTA and ADB review mission discussions

and agreements with the relevant government agencies.

2. The EMP will be reviewed and updated at the end of the detailed design in order to be

consistent with the final technical design. The updated EMP will be disclosed on the ADB project

website and included in the Project Administration Manual (PAM). The updated EMP will also be

included as a separate annex in all bidding and contract documents. The contractors will be

made aware of their obligations to implement the EMP and to budget EMP implementation costs

in their proposals.

3. Environmental monitoring results will be used to evaluate (i) the extent and severity of

actual environmental impacts against the predicted impacts, (ii) the performance of the

environmental protection measures and compliance with regulations, (iii) (iv) overall

effectiveness of the project EMP; and (v) need for adjustment of the project EMP.

II. Institutional Responsibilities related to EMP implementation

4. As Executing Agency (EA), the Yichang Municipal Government (YMG) will be

responsible for the overall implementation and compliance with loan assurances and the EMP

(including Environmental Monitoring Plan).

5. The EA has established a Yichang Project Management Office (YPMO), who will be

responsible, on behalf of the EA, for the day-to-day management of the project. The YPMO has

overall responsibility delegated by the EA for supervising the implementation of environment

mitigation measures, coordinating the project level Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and

reporting to ADB. YPMO will engage the technical engineering design institutes, project

implementation consultants, and manage the procurement process. To ensure that the

contractors comply with the EMP provisions, YPMO with the help and technical support of the

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Loan Implementation Environmental Consultant (LIEC), will prepare and provide the following

documents for incorporation into the bidding procedures: (i) a list of environmental management

requirements to be budgeted by the bidders in their proposals; (ii) environmental clauses for

contractual terms and conditions; and (iii) major items in the EIA and EMP. The YPMO will

appoint one environment specialist to supervise the effective implementation of the EMP and to

coordinate the project level GRM. In addition, YPMO will prepare quarterly project progress

reports (that include an environment section) and semi-annual environment monitoring reports

and submit them to ADB.

6. Yichang Project Leading Group (YPLG). The YPLG has been established for the

project. The YPLG is chaired by the vice-mayor of Yichang and comprises senior officials from

relevant government agencies, to facilitate inter-agency coordination, and resolve any

institutional problems affecting project implementation at a municipal level.

7. Implementing Agency (IA). Yichang Municipal Urban Construction Investment and

Development Co., Ltd. (YMUCID) will be the IA for the project. YMUCID will assume the debt

servicing responsibility as the end-user of the ADB loan. It will implement project components,

administer and monitor contractors and suppliers, and be responsible for construction

supervision and quality control. YMUCID will ensure that the EMP is implemented proactively

and responds to any adverse impact beyond those foreseen in the EIA. YMUCID will also attend

to requests from relevant agencies and ADB regarding the mitigation measures and monitoring

program. YMUCID will nominate dedicated, trained, and qualified environment specialists to

(i) supervise contractors and ensure compliance with the EMP; (ii) conduct regular site

inspections; (iii) coordinate periodic environmental quality monitoring in compliance with the

approved monitoring plan; 1 (iv) act as local entry point for the project grievance redress

mechanism (GRM); and (v) submit quarterly monitoring results to the contractors for information,

and to the YPMO and YEPB for verification and confirmation.

8. Construction contractors will be responsible for implementing the mitigation measures

during construction under supervision of the YMUCID and the YPMO. In their bids, contractors

will be required to respond to the environmental management requirements defined in the EMP.

Each contractor will be required to develop site specific EMPs and will assign a person

responsible for environment, health and safety. After construction completion, environmental

management responsibilities will be handed over to the operation and maintenance (O&M) units.

9. Loan Implementation Environmental Consultant (LIEC). Under the loan

implementation consultancy services and within six months after loan signing, one international

and one national LIEC will be appointed by YMUCID to support the project with (i) project

1 The Yichang Environmental Monitoring Station (under the Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau) will be

contracted by YMUCID to conduct internal environment monitoring.

3

preparation, including EMP update; (ii) EMP training, (iii) semi-annual EMP compliance

verification; (iv) inputs for quarterly project progress reports and semi-annual environment

monitoring reporting; (v) identifying environment-related implementation issues and necessary

corrective actions to be reflected in an action plan; and (vi) undertaking site visits as required.

The LIEC will:

i. assess the project components’ environmental readiness prior to implementation

based on the readiness indicators defined in Table A.3;

ii. support YMUCID in updating the EMP including monitoring plan as necessary to

revise or incorporate additional environmental mitigation and monitoring measures,

budget, institutional arrangements, etc, that may be required based on the detailed

design; submit to ADB for approval and disclosure; ensure compliance with the

PRC’s environmental laws and regulations, ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009)

and Public Communications Policy (2011), and the World Bank Group’s

Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines;

iii. if required, update the EIA and EMP reports to address changes in the project during

detailed design (for example if there is a major scope change) that would result in

adverse environmental impacts not within the scope of the approved EIA/EMP;

iv. support the YMG, YPMO, YMUCID and tendering companies in preparing tender

documents; ensure that the bidding documents and civil works contracts contain

provisions requiring contractors to comply with the mitigation measures in the EMP

and that relevant sections of the project EMP (or updated EMP, if prepared) are

incorporated in the bidding and contract documents;

v. assist the YMG, YPMO, YMUCID to establish a Grievance Redress Mechanism

(GRM), and provide training for the YPMO and GRM access points;

vi. conduct regular EMP compliance assessments, undertake site visits as required,

identify any environment-related implementation issues, propose necessary

corrective actions, reflect these in a corrective action plan;

vii. assist the YPMO to prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring and quarterly

project progress reports for ADB;

viii. provide training to YPMO, YMUCID and contractors on environmental laws,

regulations and policies, SPS 2009, EMP implementation, and GRM in accordance

with the training plan defined in the EMP; and

ix. assist the YPMO and YMUCID in conducting consultation meetings with relevant

stakeholders as required, informing them of imminent construction works, updating

them on the latest project development activities, GRM.

10. Overall environmental responsibilities are outlined in Table A.1.

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Table A.1: Environmental Responsibility Phase Responsible Agency Environmental Responsibility

Project preparation

Design Institutes on behalf of YPMO

Prepare project FSRs, EIR and EMP, RPs, conduct public consultation

HEPD Review and approve the project EIR and EMP PPTA consultant Provide technical assistance, review EIR, prepare EIA report ADB Review and approve the EIA and EMP, including disclosure

Engineering detail design

Design Institutes on behalf of YPMO

Incorporate mitigation measures defined in the EMP into engineering detail designs; Update the EMP in cooperation with the LIEC

YPMO, LIEC Review updated EMP, confirm that mitigation measures have been included in engineering detail design

ADB Approve updated EMP, including disclosure Tender and contracting

YPMO, YMUCID and contractors

Incorporate EMP clauses in tender documents and contracts

ADB, LIEC Review bidding documents; confirm project’s readiness Construction YMUCID Nominate dedicated, trained, and qualified environment

specialists; supervise contractors and ensure compliance with the EMP; approve method statements; coordinate construction supervision and quality control; coordinate periodic environmental quality monitoring in compliance with the approved monitoring plan; act as local entry point for the project grievance redress mechanism (GRM); submit quarterly monitoring results to YPMO, YEPB.

YPMO Appoint one environment specialist; supervise the effective implementation of the EMP; coordinate the project level GRM; prepare quarterly project progress and semi-annual environment progress reports and submit them to ADB; conduct public consultation and inspect implementation of mitigation measures.

Contractors Assign EMP implementation responsibilities; ensure health and safety; implement mitigation measures; prepare method statements

Yichang EMS (contracted by YMUCID)

Undertake environmental quality monitoring

LIEC Advise on the mitigation measures; provide comprehensive technical support to YPMO and YMUCID for environmental management; conduct training; conduct semi-annual EMP compliance review; support YPMO in preparing quarterly project progress reports and semi-annual environmental progress reports. Review domestic environmental acceptance reports and prepare environmental completion report.

YEPB Conduct periodic inspections of all construction projects relative to compliance with PRC regulations and standards.

ADB Review quarterly project progress reports, semi-annual environmental monitoring reports and completion report. Undertake review missions. Advise on compliance issues, as required. Disclose semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on ADB project website.

Operation O&M Units Ensure proper operation of component facilities according to design standards, and implement mitigation measures and conduct post-construction public consultation.

YPMO, LIEC Conduct EMP compliance review, instruct YMUCID and O&M units on environmental management requirements; prepare quarterly project progress reports and semi-annual environmental monitoring report for first year of operation

YMUCID, LIEC Coordinate environmental quality monitoring (during first year of operation)

Yichang EMS (contracted by Undertake environmental quality monitoring for first year of

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Phase Responsible Agency Environmental Responsibility YMUCID) operation YEPB Undertake periodic and random environmental monitoring and

inspect environmental compliance with PRC regulations and standards.

Notes: ADB = Asian Development Bank; EMS = Environment Monitoring Station; HEPD = Hubei Environmental Protection Department; LIEC = Loan Implementation Environmental Consultant; O&M Units = Operation and Maintenance Units; YEPB = Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau; YMUCID = Yichang Municipal Urban Construction Investment and Development Co., Ltd.; YPMO = Yichang Project Management Office.

III. Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures

11. Potential environmental issues and impacts during the pre-construction, construction

and operation phases, as identified in the EIA as well as corresponding mitigation measures

designed to minimize the impacts are summarized in Table A.2.

12. Mitigation and safeguard measures that will permanently become part of the

infrastructure such as landscape planting, road signage and markings should be included within

the main civil work contract costs and are not double-counted as part of the EMP costs. The

only exception for this project is $2,781,500 for provision of double-glazed windows associated

with traffic noise mitigation.

13. The EMP also includes costs for temporary construction stage mitigation measures such

as dust suppression. These measures need to be included in the tender documents to ensure

they are included in contractor estimations. The budget for these measures is approximately

$100,000.

14. The mitigation measures defined in the EMP will be (i) checked and where necessary re-

designed by the design institutes; (ii) incorporated into tender documents (where appropriate),

construction contracts, and O&M manuals; and (iii) implemented by contractors and YMUCID

under supervision of the YPMO. The effectiveness of these measures will be evaluated based

on the results of the environmental quality monitoring conducted by the EMS, and through EMP

compliance verification conducted by the YPMO and LIEC.

Table A.2: Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Item Impact Factor

Potential Impact and/or Issues

Mitigation Measures Implementing Entity

Supervising Entity

Detailed Design Stage Conservation of soil and land resources

Soil resources

Loss of land and topsoil and increased risk of erosion

Minimise permanent and temporary landtake for development.

Retain/incorporate landscape features of interest in design.

Optimise balance between cut and fill and avoid deep cuts and high embankments to minimise earthworks.

Maximise reuse of spoil within the construction or adjacent construction works.

Agree spoil disposal sites, management and rehabilitation plan with local Environment Protection Bureau.

Remove and store topsoil (10-30cm) for restoration works prior to main earthworks.

Specify vegetation that serves specific bioengineering functions.

Design appropriate drainage systems for slopes to reduce soil erosion.

Design Institute YPMO; YMUCID

Design of road alignment, road surface, drainage and lighting

Extreme weather events due to climate change

Road surface cracking due to extreme hot or cold weather, landslide and flooding due to torrential rainfall

Consider potential impacts from extreme weather events due to climate change in designing road subgrade, pavement, road-side slopes, drainage system, bridges and culverts.

Adopt appropriate protective measures such as vegetation cover, geotextiles, settling basins, permeable paving, infiltration ditches, stepped slopes, riprap, crib walls, retaining walls and intercepting ditches to reduce the speed of surface run-off.


Ecology Loss of two Hubei Ash trees on Sanxia Road

Technical design of the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor must avoid the two Hubei Ash trees in front of the Pinghutianxia Community on Sanxia Road.

Specify native trees and shrubs that are of local provenance and in keeping with local landscape character.

Maintain buffer zones of undisturbed vegetation between roads and water bodies.


Landscape Preservation of trees on the BRT corridor

Existing street trees in particular the 546 trees with trunk diameters > 40 cm will be retained in the detailed design of the BRT corridor wherever possible, where this is not possible trees will be transplanted

Design Institute YPMO, YMUCID

Health and safety

Promotion of non-motorized transport, protection of vulnerable road

Design must ensure public health and safety. Promote non-motorized traffic. Ensure barrier-free design for disabled people.


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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Entity

users Air emissions Construction

transport emissions

Specify local materials from licensed providers that minimise transport distance.


GHG emissions

Energy efficiency

Consider energy efficient street lighting, such as LEDs or solar-powered lights for BRT corridor and Dongshan 4th Road.


Pre-construction Phase Institutional strengthening

- Lack of environment management capacity within YPMO

Appoint qualified environment specialists to YPMO. Include loan implementation environmental consultant

(LIEC) in loan consultancy services. LIEC to conduct environment management training for

YPMO staff and environmental specialists.

YPMO, LIEC, YEPB

ADB

- Lack of environment management and monitoring capacity within YMUCID

Appoint environmental specialist. Contract Yichang Environmental Monitoring Station to

conduct environment quality monitoring. LIEC to conduct environment management training for

YMUCID staff and environmental specialist.

YMUCID, LIEC, YEPB

YPMO, ADB

EMP update - - Review mitigation measures defined in this EMP. Update as required to reflect detailed design. Submit to ADB/PMO for approval and disclose updated

EMP on project website. Prepare an environmental compliance monitoring plan to

meet the environmental requirements in the EIA and EMP.

YPMO, YMUCID, LIEC

YMG, ADB

Tender documents Air quality Dust (TSP) impact to sensitive receptors

Put into tender documents dust suppression measures: Water unpaved areas, backfill areas and haul roads up to

7-8 times each day, depending on need; Erect hoarding around dusty activities to contain

emissions; Manage stockpile areas with frequent watering or

covering with tarpaulin; Minimize the storage time of construction and demolition

wastes on site by regularly removing them off site; Do not overload trucks when transporting earth materials

to avoid spilling dusty materials onto public roads; Equip trucks for transporting earth materials with covers

or tarpaulin to cover up the earthy materials during transport;

Install wheel washing equipment or conduct wheel washing manually at each exit of the works area to prevent trucks from carrying muddy or dusty substance onto public roads;

Immediately cleanup all muddy or dusty materials on


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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Entity

public roads outside the exits of the works areas; Sensibly plan the transport routes and time to avoid busy

traffic and heavily populated areas when transporting earthy materials; and

Immediately plant vegetation in all temporary land take areas upon completion of construction to prevent dust and soil erosion.

Fumes and PM from the asphalt mixing plant and the concrete batching plant

Put into tender documents that these plants must be enclosed and equipped with bag house filter or similar air pollution control equipment.


Noise PME noise impact to sensitive receptors

Put into tender documents the following noise mitigation measures: Use quiet equipment; Adopt good O&M of machinery; Use temporary hoardings or noise barriers to shield off

noise sources; Avoid night time construction between 2200 and 0600

hours; If night time construction needed, consult nearby

residents beforehand for their consensus; If night time construction needed, avoid using noisy

equipment; and Maintain continual communication with the schools along

the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor to avoid noisy activities near the schools during examination periods.


Water quality Construction site wastewater impact on water bodies

Put into tender documents the following measures to treat wastewater and runoff from construction sites: Provide portable toilets and small package WWTPs for

workers and canteens; and Install sedimentation tanks on-site to treat process water

and muddy runoff.


Solid waste Disposal or storage of excavated spoil

Specify in tender documents the spoil disposal or storage sites and that only these sites could be used.


Health & safety

Occupational health & safety of workers

Specify in tender documents: The provision of personal safety and protective equipment

such as safety hats and shoes, eye goggles, respiratory masks, etc. to all construction workers;

Safe handling, transport, storage and application of explosives for tunnelling work during Dongshan 4th Road construction; and


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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Entity

Safe working in confined space for tunnelling work during

Dongshan 4th Road construction. Construction traffic Traffic Construction

vehicles causing traffic congestion

Plan transport routes for construction vehicles and specify in tender documents to forbid vehicles from using other roads and during peak traffic hours.

Design Institute, Local traffic police

YPMO; YMUCID

Estimated cost for Design and Pre-construction stage: costs are included in the detail design fee Construction Stage Construction site good practice

Soil resources

Spoil disposal Strip and store topsoil in a stockpile for reuse in restoration.

Use spoil disposal sites approved by YEPB and manage in accordance with approved plan.

Avoid side casting of spoil on slopes. Co-ordinate with water resources bureau monitoring

station on effectiveness of soil erosion prevention measures and any need for remedial action.

Rehabilitate and restore spoil disposal sites in accordance with agreed plan.

Conduct project completion audit to confirm that spoil disposal site rehabilitation meets required standard, contractor liable in case of non-compliance.

Contractors YPMO, YMUCID, YCEPB, YCWRB, LIEC

Soil resources

Soil erosion Ensure contractors aware of all soil erosion requirements as set out in the approved plan and have developed appropriate method statements and management proposals.

Avoid rainy season. If necessary, construct berms to direct rainwater runoff away from exposed surface.

Install drainage ditches and sedimentation tanks in temporary construction areas to prevent soil erosion and to manage run-off.

Stabilise all cut slopes, embankments and other erosion-prone working areas while works are ongoing. Implement permanent stabilisation measures as soon as possible, at least within 30 days.

Pay close attention to drainage provision and establishment of vegetation cover on backfilled areas to prevent soil erosion.

If restoration is carried out during periods of hot or extreme weather, ensure adequate aftercare to maximise survival.

Contractor YPMO; YMUCID; YEPD; LIEC

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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Entity

Soil resources

Soil contamination

Properly store petroleum products, hazardous materials and wastes on an impervious surface.

Develop spill response plan. Keep a stock of absorbent materials (e.g. sand, earth or commercial products) on site to deal with spillages and train staff in their use.

If there is a spill take immediate action to prevent entering drains, watercourses, unmade ground or porous surfaces. Do not hose the spillage down or use any detergents use oil absorbents and dispose of used absorbents at a waste management facility.

Record any spill events and actions taken in environmental monitoring logs and report to LIEC.

Properly store petroleum products, hazardous materials and waste in clearly labeled containers on an impermeable surface in secure and covered areas, preferably with a containment tray for any leaks.

Remove all construction waste from the site to approved waste disposal sites.

Construction site good practice

Air quality Dust (TSP) during construction

Frequent watering of unpaved areas, backfill areas and haul roads to suppress dust.

Pay particular attention to dust suppression near sensitive receptors such as schools, hospitals, residential areas and natural areas.

Erect hoarding/screens around dusty activities such as demolition.

Manage stockpile areas to avoid mobilisation of fine material, cover with tarpaulin and/or spray with water.

Do not overload trucks transporting earth materials. Equip trucks transporting earth materials with covers or

tarpaulin to cover loads during transport. Install wheel washing equipment or conduct wheel

washing manually at each exit of the works area to prevent trucks from carrying muddy or dusty substance onto public roads.

Immediately cleanup all muddy or dusty materials on public roads outside the exits of the works areas.

Plan the transport routes and time to avoid busy traffic and heavily populated areas when transporting earthy materials.

Immediately plant vegetation in all temporary landtake areas upon completion of construction to prevent dust and soil erosion.

Contractor YPMO; YMUCID; YEPB; LIEC

11

Item Impact Factor



Supervising Entity

Fumes and PM from asphalt mixing plant, concrete batching plant and other equipment and machinery

Locate asphalt plants and mixers at least 200m downwind from residential areas and other sensitive receptors.

Enclose these plants and equip them with bag house filter or similar air pollution control equipment.

Regularly inspect and certify vehicle and equipment emissions and maintain to a high standard.


Noise Noise from PME and vehicles

Sensibly schedule construction activities, avoid noisy equipment working concurrently.

Select advanced quiet equipment and construction method, and tightly control the use of self-provided generators.

Comply with local requirements in areas with sensitive receptors very close by, avoid construction works, particularly noisy activities such as piling and compaction from 2200 to 0600.

If night time construction needed, consult nearby residents beforehand for their consensus.

If night time construction needed, avoid using noisy equipment

If necessary, set up temporary noise barriers. Control speed of bulldozer, excavator, crusher and other

transport vehicles travelling on site. Specify equipment and machinery that conforms to PRC

noise standard GB12523-90 and ensure regular maintenance.

Adopt noise reduction devices and measures for works in proximity to sensitive noise receptors to ensure required standards are maintained.

Locate sites for rock crushing, concrete mixing and other noisy activities at least 1km away from sensitive noise receptors.

Limit the speed of vehicles travelling on site and on haul roads (less than 8 km/hr), forbid the use of horns unless absolutely necessary.

Minimize the use of whistles and horns. Maintain continual communication with the schools along

the Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor to avoid noisy activities near the schools during examination periods and other noise-sensitive activities.

Contractor

YPMO; YMUCID; YEPB; LIEC

Water quality Management of works in and adjacent to watercourses

If possible, carry out pier construction during the dry season.

Erect berms or sandbags during bridge foundation works if necessary to contain runoff polluting the rivers.

12

Item Impact Factor



Supervising Entity

Maintain adequate flood flow during the rainy season. All camps, fuel storage, refuelling and maintenance areas

to be located at least 500m from watercourses. Take all necessary measures to prevent construction

materials and waste from entering drains and waterbodies.

Water quality Construction site wastewater discharge

All construction wastewater to be treated to appropriate PRC standard prior to discharge.

Ensure timely cleanup of scattered materials on site, stockpiles must adopt measures to prevent being washed into water bodies by rain water.

Reuse equipment and wheel wash wastewater for dust suppression.


Solid waste Construction site refuse

Set up centralized domestic waste collection point and transport offsite for disposal at licensed municipal waste facility;

Prohibit burning of waste.


Ecology Protection of vegetation and restoration of disturbed areas

Demarcate the construction working area to prevent encroachment and damage to adjacent areas.

Ensure sufficient aftercare for landscape planting to maximise survival.

Agree compensation planting for any forestry losses in line with PRC forestry laws.


Loss of two Hubei Ash trees on Sanxia Road

Ensure any valuable trees that are being retained are protected. Put conspicuous markings and warning signs on these two trees to prevent workers from inadvertently damaging or destroying these trees.


Physical cultural resources

Destruction of cultural relics in river bed and soil

Contractor must comply with PRC's Cultural Relics Protection Law and Cultural Relics Protection Law Implementation Regulations if such relics are discovered, stop work immediately and notify the relevant authorities, adopt protection measures and notify the Security Bureau to protect the site.

Contractor YPMO; YMUCID; Cultural Relics Bureau; LIEC

Health and Safety Occupational health and safety

Construction site sanitation

Effectively clean and disinfect the site. During site formation, spray with phenolated water for

disinfection. Disinfect toilets and refuse piles and ensure timely

removal of solid waste; Exterminate rodents on site at least once every 3 months,

and exterminate mosquitoes and flies at least twice each year;

Provide public toilets in accordance with the requirements of labor management and sanitation departments in the living areas on construction site,


13

Item Impact Factor



Supervising Entity

Appoint designated staff responsible for cleaning and disinfection.

Occupational safety

Appoint Environment, Health and Safety Officer to develop and implement environmental, health and safety management plan, maintain records concerning health, safety and welfare and regularly report on accidents, incidents and near misses.

Train all construction workers in general health and safety matters and on emergency preparedness and response procedures.

Provide personal protective equipment (hard hats, shoes and high visibility vests) to all construction workers and enforce their use.

Provide goggles and respiratory masks to workers doing asphalt road paving.

Provide ear plugs to workers working near noisy powered mechanical equipment (PME), especially during piling of bridge foundations.

Ensure safe handling, transport, storage and application of explosives for tunnel construction.

Implement special measures to ensure worker safety in confined spaces during tunnel construction.

Provide a clean and sufficient supply of fresh, potable water for all camps and work sites.

Provide an adequate number of latrines and other sanitary arrangements at the site and work areas and ensure that they are cleaned and maintained in a hygienic state.

Provide adequate waste receptacles and ensure regular collection and disposal.

Ensure that Contractors have adequate worker and third party insurance cover.

No children (less than 14 years of age) to work on any contract.


Food safety Inspect and supervise food hygiene in cafeteria on site regularly.

Cafeteria workers must have valid health permits. Once food poisoning is discovered, implement effective


14

Item Impact Factor



Supervising Entity

control measures immediately to prevent it from spreading

Disease prevention and safety awareness

Construction workers must have physical examination before start working on site.

If infectious disease is found, the patient must be isolated for treatment to prevent the disease from spreading.

From the second year onwards, conduct physical examination on 20% of the workers every year.

Establish health clinic at location where workers are concentrated, which should be equipped with common medical supplies and medication for simple treatment and emergency treatment for accidents.

Specify the person responsible for health and epidemic prevention responsible for the education and propaganda on food hygiene and disease prevention to raise the awareness of workers.

Regularly inspect works to ensure there are no areas of stagnant water that could provide breeding grounds for malaria, encephalitis and dengue fever mosquitoes.


Community health and safety

Temporary traffic management

A traffic control and operation plan will be prepared together with the local traffic management authority prior to any construction. The plan shall include provisions for diverting or scheduling construction traffic to avoid morning and afternoon peak traffic hours, regulating traffic at road crossings with an emphasis on ensuring public safety through clear signs, controls and planning in advance.

Contractor, local traffic police, YMUCID

YPMO, LIEC

Information disclosure

Residents and businesses will be informed in advance through publicity about the construction activities and provided with the dates and duration of expected disruption.

YMUCID YPMO, LIEC

Access to construction sites

Clear signs will be placed at construction sites in view of the public, warning people of potential dangers such as moving vehicles, hazardous materials, excavations etc and raising awareness on safety issues.

All sites will be made secure, discouraging access by members of the public through fencing or security personnel, as appropriate.

Contractor YPMO; YMUCID; LIEC

Utility services interruptions

Assess construction locations in advance for potential disruption to services and identify risks before starting construction.

If temporary disruption is unavoidable, develop a plan to minimize the disruption in collaboration with relevant local authorities such as power company, water supply company and communication company.

Communicate the dates and duration in advance to all affected people.

Contractor, local service providers

YPMO; YMUCID; LIEC

15

Item Impact Factor



Supervising Entity

Grievance redress mechanism

Social & environmental

Handling and resolving complaints by contractors

Establish a GRM, appoint a GRM coordinator within YPMO.

Brief and provide training to GRM access points (YMUCID, contractors).

Disclose GRM to affected people before construction begins at the main entrance to each construction site.

Maintain and update a Complaints Register to document all complaints.

YPMO, YMUCID, Contractor

ADB

Estimated cost for the Construction Stage: $100,000Operational Stage Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor and Dongshan 4th Road

Traffic Road condition Regularly inspect and maintain the road surface and clean up the drains.

O&M units YMUCID; YPMO

Road safety and traffic accidents

Strictly enforce traffic law to improve road safety and reduce traffic accidents.

Yichang Traffic Police

YMG

Social, environmental health

Traffic noise impact to sensitive receptors along Dongshan Avenue BRT corridor

Set up a reserve fund of $2,650,000 for installing 16,852 m2 of double-glazed windows as indicated in the domestic EIR (CNY1,000/m2)

YMUCID YPMO, YEPB

Traffic noise impact to sensitive receptors along Dongshan 4th Rd

Resettle 2 households at Houhefan as indicated in the domestic EIR (CNY300,000/household). Resettlement costs have been included in the resettlement plan and are not counted here.

YMUCID YPMO, YEPB

Install 836 m2 of double-glazed windows as indicated in the domestic EIR (CNY1,000/m2). Total cost = $131,500

YMUCID YPMO, YEPB

Estimated cost for the Operational Stage: $2,781,500 for provision of double-glazed windows.Notes: ADB = Asian Development Bank; EIR = Environmental Impact Report; O&M = operation & maintenance; YEPB = Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau YMG = Yichang Municipal Government; YMUCID = Yichang Municipal Urban Construction Investment and Development Co., Ltd; YPMO = Yichang Project Management Office.

16

IV. Environmental Monitoring and Reporting

15. The project monitoring programme focuses on the environment within the project’s area

of influence. Monitoring will include project readiness monitoring (to be conducted by the LIEC),

environmental quality monitoring (to be conducted by a licensed entity), as well as EMP

compliance verification during project implementation and operation (to be conducted by YPMO

and LIEC during first year and then YEPB in subsequent years). Monitoring and reporting

arrangements defined for this project are described below.

16. Assessment of project readiness. Before construction, the LIEC will assess the

project’s readiness in terms of environmental management based on a set of indicators (Table

A.3) and report it to ADB and the YPMO. This assessment will demonstrate that environmental

commitments are being carried out and environmental management systems are in place before

construction starts, or suggest corrective actions to ensure that all requirements are met.

Table A.3: Project Readiness Assessment Indicators Indicator Criteria Assessment

EIA approval The EIA has been approved by ADB and relevant PRC environmental authority

Yes No

EMP update The EMP was updated after technical detail design, and approved by ADB

Yes No

Compliance with loan covenants

The borrower complies with loan covenants related to project design and environmental management planning

Yes No

Public involvement effectiveness

Meaningful consultation completed Yes No

GRM established with entry points Yes No

Environmental Supervision in place

LIEC is in place Yes No

Environment specialist appointed by YMUCID Yes No

Environment specialists appointed by YPMO Yes No

Environment monitoring station contracted by YMUCID

Yes No

Bidding documents and contracts with environmental safeguards

Bidding documents and contracts incorporating the environmental activities and safeguards listed as loan assurances

Yes No

Bidding documents and contracts incorporating the impact mitigation and environmental management provisions of the EMP

Yes No

Environmental requirements of EMP included in contract documents for construction contracts

Yes No

EMP financial support

The required funds have been set aside to support the EMP implementation

Yes No

17. Internal Environmental Monitoring. Table A.4 shows the internal environmental

monitoring program specifically designed for this project, defining the requirements, including,

scope, location, parameter, duration and frequency of monitoring during the construction and

operational stages. Internal environmental monitoring will include monitoring of air quality, noise

17

and water quality as described in Table A.4. Internal environmental monitoring during

construction and operation (first year) will be conducted by the Environment Monitoring Station

(EMS) of Yichang, contracted by YMUCID. The budget for internal environmental monitoring has

been estimated at $80,000. The YPMO, YMUCID, the contractor and the LIEC will, at the outset

of project implementation, prepare more detailed internal environmental monitoring programs for

construction and operational phases if necessary. The monitoring program and budgets will be

included in the project tendering documents and budgets, as well as the construction and

operation contracts.

18. The internal environmental monitoring results will be compared with relevant PRC

performance standards (Table A.5), and non-compliance with these standards will be

highlighted in the monitoring reports. Monitoring results will be submitted by the EMS to the

YPMO and the YMUCID on a quarterly basis, and will be reported in the quarterly project

progress reports and semi-annual environmental monitoring reports by the YPMO (with the

support of the LIEC, see reporting plan in Table A.6).

19. External Environmental Monitoring. External environmental monitoring will also be

periodically conducted by the local environmental authorities, HEPD and YEPB, in the

framework of their legal mandate to check compliance with applicable environmental regulations.

They will be responsible for undertaking regular and random environmental monitoring and

inspection activities before, during, and after construction as well as in the event of emergencies.

Table A.4: Internal Environmental Monitoring Program

Item Monitoring Parameter

Monitoring Location

Monitoring Frequency

and Duration

Implement-ing Entity

Supervising Entity

Construction Stage Air quality

TSP; (SO2 & NO2 only if there is asphalt mixing within 300 m of monitoring locations)

30 locations along Dongshan Ave BRT corridor: (Monitor only when road section has construction activities) Yixing Avenue section: 1. Xiaoxita No. 3 Primary School 2. Xiaoxita Community Clinic 3. Changjiang Hospital 4. Yixing Avenue No. 28 5. Donghu Middle School Xiazhou Road section: 6. Wanfujiayuan Sanxia Road section: 7. Yangguang Hospital 8. Pinghuyucai Kindergarten Honggang Road section: 9. Honggang Road No. 4-2 Yemingzhu Road section: 10. Gezhouba Central Hospital

dormitory 11. Mingzhushanzhuang 12. Yemingzhu Road No. 28

1 day (24-hr continuous sampling) per month

EMS (through YMUCID)

YMUCID; YPMO; YEPB

18


Monitoring Location


and Duration


Supervising Entity

13. Yichang No. 24 Middle School 14. Gezhouba Experimental Primary

School Dongshan Avenue section: 15. Gezhouba Company dormitory 16. Yichang No. 22 Middle School 17. Changjiang Hospital 18. Sanxia Commercial Newspaper

dormitory 19. Tianciguangchang Community 20. Yichang No. 14 Middle School 21. Old Television Broadcasting

University 22. Dongshan Avenue No. 178 23. Yichang Central Hospital 24. Yichang Changhang Hospital 25. Wanjiazui Village 26. Baimashan Community Jucheng Road section: 27. Dushitianyuan 28. Huayan Community 29. Chunhua Hospital 30. Xiangshanfujiuyuan 16 locations along Dongshan 4th Road alignment: (Monitor only when construction activities are within 200 m of the location) 1. Shiban village 2. Heihushan Village 3. Lijiatai 4. Luojiatai 5. Meihua Village 6. Tumen Village 7. Chezhan Village 8. Lingbao Village 9. Miaowan 10. Houhefan 11. Zhaojiachong 12. Chenjiachong 13. Wenjiafan Group No. 7 14. Yejiacangwu 15. Poyanwan 16. Xianfeng Village

Noise LAeq 30 locations along Dongshan Ave BRT corridor: same as for air quality monitor only when road section

has construction activities no need to do night time

monitoring at school locations 16 locations along Dongshan 4th Road alignment: same as for air quality monitor only when construction

activities are within 200 m of the location

2 times per day (day time and night time); 1 day per month


YMUCID; YPMO; YEPB

19


Monitoring Location


and Duration


Supervising Entity

Water quality

pH, DO, COD, SS, TPH

When construction activities are within 200 m: 1. Damaoerchong dammed pond: 1

location 2. Xiaomaoerchong dammed pond: 1

location During bridge construction: 3. Bolin River: 1 location 50m

upstream, 1 location 100m downstream

4. Hou River: 1 location 50m upstream, 1 location 100m downstream

(note: upstream location is the control station; if downstream location data > 130% of upstream data, mitigation measures are needed) During tunnel construction (monitor SS only): 5. Chainage K1+300 staging area

process water discharge point 6. Chainage K1+660 staging area



process water discharge point

1 time per day; 1 day per month


YMUCID; YPMO; YEPB

Operational Stage (first year) Air quality

CO, NO2 30 locations along Dongshan Ave BRT corridor (same locations as construction stage) 16 locations along Dongshan 4th Road (same locations as construction stage)

1 time per day; 1 day every 3 months


YMUCID; YPMO; YEPB

Noise LAeq 30 locations along Dongshan Ave BRT corridor (same locations as construction stage, no need to do night time monitoring at school locations) 16 locations along Dongshan 4th Road (same locations as construction stage)

2 times per day (day time and night time); 1 day every 3 months


YMUCID; YPMO; YEPB

Total estimated cost: $80,000Notes: EMS = Environmental Monitoring Station; YEPB = Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau YMUCID = Yichang Municipal Urban Construction Investment and Development Co., Ltd; YPMO = Yichang Project Management Office.

20

Table A.5: Monitoring Indicators and Applicable PRC Standards Period Indicator Standard

Construction TSP Class II Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-1996)

Fume from asphalt mixing plant (SO2, NOx)

Air Pollutant Integrated Emission Standard (GB 16297-1996)

Noise limits of PME at boundary of construction site

Emission Standard of Environmental Noise for Boundary of Construction Site (GB 12523-2011)

Discharge of wastewater from construction sites

Class I standard of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996)

Operation Traffic noise at sensitive receptor within 35 m of road red line

Noise standard for Category 4a Functional Area in Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB 3096-2008)

Traffic noise at sensitive receptor beyond 35 m of road red line

Noise standard for Category 2 Functional Area in Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB 3096-2008)

20. Compliance Monitoring. EMP compliance monitoring will be undertaken by the YPMO,

with support of the loan implementation environmental consultant (LIEC). The YPMO will report

to ADB the project’s adherence to the EMP, information on project implementation,

environmental performance of the contractors, and environmental compliance through quarterly

project progress reports and semi-annual environmental monitoring reports (Table A.6).

Quarterly progress reports by the YPMO to ADB will include a summary of EMP implementation

progress and compliance. The LIEC will support the YPMO in developing the semi-annual

environmental monitoring reports. The reports should confirm the project’s compliance with the

EMP, local legislation such as PRC EIA requirements, and identify any environment related

implementation issues and necessary corrective actions, and reflect these in a corrective action

plan. The performance of the contractors in respect of environmental compliance will also be

reported. The operation and performance of the project GRM, environmental institutional

strengthening and training, and compliance with all covenants under the project will also be

included in the report.

21. Monitoring by ADB. Besides reviewing the quarterly project progress reports and the

semi-annual environment monitoring reports from the PMOs and the verification reports from

the LIEC, ADB missions will inspect the project progress and implementation on site at least

once a year. For environmental issues, inspections will focus mainly on (i) monitoring data;

(ii) the implementation status of project performance indicators specified in the loan documents

for the environment, environmental compliance, implementation of the EMP, and environmental

institutional strengthening and training; (iii) the environmental performance of contractors, LIEC,

and the PMOs; and (iv) operation and performance of the project GRM. The performance of the

contractors in respect of environmental compliance will be recorded and will be considered in

the next bid evaluations.

22. Environmental Acceptance and Completion Monitoring and Reporting. Within three

months after completion, or no later than one year with permission of the YEPB, environmental

acceptance reports shall be prepared by a licensed institute in accordance with the PRC

21

Regulation on Project Completion Environmental Audit (MEP, 2001) and approved by the

relevant environmental authority, and finally reported to ADB (Table A.6). The environmental

acceptance report will indicate the timing, extent, effectiveness of completed mitigation and of

maintenance, and the need for additional mitigation measures and agreed monitoring during

operation. These environmental acceptance reports will be provided to the LIEC who is

responsible for preparing an environmental completion report and inputs for the Project

Completion Report for ADB.

23. Project Design and Monitoring Framework. At the outset of project implementation,

the YPMO and YMUCID will develop (i) a comprehensive project design and monitoring

framework (DMF) procedures to systematically generate data on inputs and outputs of the

project components, and (ii) detailed environmental and related social economic indicators to

measure project impacts. The DMF indicators for the project include (i) public satisfaction with

the living environment; (ii) increased employment; (iii) wastewater collection and treatment rate;

(iv) increased traffic flow on project roads; (v) increased or decreased traffic accidents;

(vi) increased local GDP; and (vii) increased tourism numbers. Under the DMF, baseline and

progress data will be reported at the requisite time intervals by YMUCID. YMUCID will be

responsible for analyzing and consolidating the data through its management information

system. The DMF will be designed to permit adequate flexibility to adopt remedial actions in

relation to project design, schedules, activities, and development impacts. The YPMO and

YMUCID will refine the DMF, confirm achievable goals, firm up monitoring and recording

arrangements, and establish systems and procedures no later than six months after loan

effectiveness.

Table A.6: Reporting Plan

Reports From To Reporting Frequency

Construction Phase Internal progress reports by contractors

Internal project progress report by construction contractors

Contractors YMUCID Monthly

Environmental quality monitoring

Environmental quality monitoring report EMS YEPB, YPMO,

YMUCID

Quarterly

Reports to ADB Project progress report (including section on EMP implementation and monitoring)

YPMO ADB Quarterly

Environmental monitoring reports YPMO ADB Semi-annual Acceptance report Environmental acceptance monitoring

and audit report Licensed institute

YEPB Once, not later than one year

after completion of

physical works

Completion report Environmental completion report for ADB LIEC ADB Once, one year after

completion of physical works

22

Reports From To Reporting Frequency

Operational Phase Environmental quality monitoring

Environmental quality monitoring report EMS YEPB, YPMO,

YMUCID

Quarterly

Reports to ADB Project progress report (including section on EMP implementation and monitoring)

YPMO ADB Quarterly

EMP progress and monitoring report YPMO ADB Once (after first year of operation)

Notes: ADB = Asian Development Bank; EMS = Environment Monitoring Station; YPMO = Yichang Project Management Office; YMUCID = Yichang Municipal Urban Construction Investment and Development Co., Ltd.; YEPB = Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau.

V. Institutional Capacity Building and Training

24. The capacity of the YPMO, YMUCID and contractors’ staff responsible for EMP

implementation and supervision will be strengthened. All parties involved in implementing and

supervising the EMP must have an understanding of the goals, methods, and practices of

project environmental management. The project will address the lack of capacities and

expertise in environmental management through (i) institutional capacity building, and

(ii) training.

25. Institutional Strengthening. The capacities of the YPMO and YMUCID to coordinate

environmental management will be strengthened through a set of measures:

i. The appointment of qualified environment specialists within the YPMO in charge of

EMP coordination, including GRM;

ii. The appointment of international and national environmental specialists under the

loan implementation consultancy to guide YPMO and YMUCID in implementing the

EMP and ensure compliance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS 2009);

and

iii. The appointment of an environment specialist by the YMUCID to conduct regular

site inspections and coordinate internal environmental monitoring.

26. Training. The YPMO, YMUCID, contractors and O&M units will receive training in EMP

implementation, supervision, and reporting, and on the Grievance Redress Mechanism (Table

A.7). Training will be facilitated by the LIEC with support of other experts under the loan

implementation consultant services. The estimated budget is $9,600.

23

Table A.7: Training Program

Training Attendees Contents Times Period (days)

No. of persons

Cost ($/person

/day)

Total Cost

EMP adjustment and implementation

YPMO, YMUCID, contractors

Development and adjustment of the EMP, roles and responsibilities, monitoring, supervision and reporting procedures, review of experience (after 12 months)

Twice - Once prior to, and once after one year of project implementation

2 15 80 $4,800

Grievance Redress Mechanism

YPMO, YMUCID, contractors, YEPB

Roles and responsibilities, Procedures, review of experience (after 12 months)

Twice - Once prior to, and once after one year of project implementation

1 10 80 $1,600

Environmental technologies and processes

YPMO, YMUCID, contractors, O&M units

Engineering and pollution control technologies, equipment selection and procurements,

Once (during project implementation)

2 10 80 $1,600

Environmental monitoring

YPMO, YMUCID, contractors, O&M units

Monitoring methods, data collection and processing, reporting systems

Once (at beginning of project construction)

1 10 80 $800

Roads and traffic

YMUCID, O&M units

Traffic management and traffic safety

Once (during project implementation)

1 10 80 $800

Total estimated cost: $9,600Notes: YPMO = YIchang Project Management Office; YMUCID = Yichang Municipal Urban Construction Investment and Development Co., Ltd; YEPB = Yichang Environmental Protection Bureau; O&M = operation and maintenance

27. The institutional components of the project will also involve training by loan consultants

in operation and maintenance of completed facilities. Part of this training will focus on teaching

staff how to use a set of indicators to monitor performance of the completed facilities. These

indicators will be designed by loan implementation consultants prior to operation start-up.

VI. Consultation, Participation and Information Disclosure

28. Consultation during Project Preparation. Section VII of the report has described the

meaningful public participation and consultation implemented during project preparation.

29. Future Public Consultation Plan. Plans for public involvement during construction and

operation stages have been developed during project preparation. These plans include public

participation in (i) monitoring impacts and mitigation measures during the construction and

operation stages; (ii) evaluating environmental and economic benefits and social impacts; and

(iii) interviewing the public after the project is completed. These plans will include several types

of public involvement, including site visits, workshops, investigation of specific issues, interviews,

24

and public hearings, as indicated in Table A.8. The budget for public consultation is estimated at

approximately $7,100.

Table A.8: Public Consultation Plan Organizer Format No. of Times Subject Attendees Budget

Construction StageYPMO Public

consultation & site visit

4 times: 1 time before construction commences and 1 time each year during construction

Adjusting of mitigation measures, if necessary; construction impact; comments and suggestions

Residents adjacent to project sites, representatives of social sectors

$3,200

YPMO, YMUCID

Expert workshop or press conference

As needed based on public consultation

Comments and suggestions on mitigation measures, public opinions

Experts of various sectors, media

$1,300

Operational StageYMUCID, O&M units

Public consultation and site visits

Once in the first year

Effectiveness of mitigation measures, impacts of operation, comments and suggestions

Residents adjacent to project sites, representatives of residents and representatives of social sectors

$1,300

YMUCID, O&M units

Expert workshop or press conference

As needed based on public consultation

Comments and suggestions on operational impacts, public opinions

Experts of various sectors, media

$1,300

Total budget: $7,100Notes: JYPMO = YIchang Project Management Office; YMUCID = Yichang Municipal Urban Construction Investment and Development Co., Ltd; O&M = operation and maintenance

VII. Grievance Redress Mechanism

30. Public participation, consultation and information disclosure undertaken as part of the

local EIA process have discussed and addressed major community environmental concerns

relating to dust, noise, wastewater and traffic congestion during construction, and traffic noise

and vehicle emissions during operation. Continued public participation and consultation has

been emphasized as a key component of successful project implementation. As a result of

public participation and safeguard assessment carried out during the initial stages of the project,

major issues of grievance are not expected. However, unforeseen issues may occur. To address

potential issues, a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) providing effective and transparent

channels for lodging and addressing complaints has been defined. The GRM will be established

prior to construction of the project components. The GRM is responsive to ADB’s Safeguard

Policy Statement (2009) and PRC legislation (Table A.9).

25

Table A.9: ADB and PRC Requirements for Grievance Redress Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) of the Asian Development Bank (ADB)

ADB requires that the borrower/client establish and maintain a grievance redress mechanism to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples’ concerns and grievances about the borrower's/client's social and environmental performance at project level. The grievance redress mechanism should be scaled to the risks and impacts of the project. It should address affected people's concerns and complaints promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that is gender responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible to all segments of the affected people at no cost and without retribution.

2005 PRC Decree 431; 2007 MEP Decree 34

The 2005 PRC Decree 431: the Petition System (by letter or visit), established provisions for a Complaint Handling Mechanism by all levels of government, and for protection of petitioners from any retaliation. This was adopted for environmental matters by the Ministry of Environment Protection (MEP) in 2007, under MEP Decree 34: Environmental Petition System. This Decree delegates to provincial governments the responsibility to establish local Complaint Handling Mechanism. Under this mechanism, contractor, the local EPB, the local government and the court are main access points. The role of the local EPB is to provide leadership and coordination in handling complaints.

31. The Proposed Project GRM. In consultation with the YPMO, YMUCID, YEPB and

potentially affected people, it was agreed that the YPMO will establish a complaints center for

the project. Other GRM entry points will include: (i) the contractors; (ii) YMUCID; and (iii) YEPB.

Contact details for the complaints hotline, complaints center and the entry points will be publicly

disseminated on information boards at construction sites and nearby communities/villages. The

mechanism will be accessible to diverse members of the community, including more vulnerable

groups such as women and youth. Multiple means of using this mechanism, including face-to-

face meetings, written complaints, telephone conversations, or e-mail, will be available.

Confidentiality and privacy for complainants should be honored where this is requested. In the

construction period and the initial operational period covered by loan covenants, the YPMO will

report progress to the ADB, and this will include reporting complaints received and their

resolution.

32. Basic steps for grievance redress are as follows and illustrated in Figure A.1:

i. Step 1: For environmental issues during the construction stage, the affected

persons can register their complaints directly with the contractors. Contractors are

required to set up a complaint hotline and designate a person in charge of handling

complaints, and advertise the hotline number at the main entrance to each

construction site. The contractors are required to maintain and update a Complaints

Register to document all complaints. The contractors are also required to respond to

the complainant in writing within seven calendar days on their proposed solution

and how it will be implemented. If the problem is resolved and the complainant is

satisfied with the solution, the grievance is considered addressed. The contractors

are required to report complaints received, handled, resolved and unresolved to

YMUCID and YPMO monthly.

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ii. Step 2: For environmental issues that cannot be resolved by the contractors, the

affected person can take the grievance to YMUCID and/or YEPB. On receiving

complaints by YMUCID or YEPB, the party receiving the complaints must notify the

other party and document the complaint in writing in a Complaint Register. YMUCID

and YEPB must reply to each complainant in writing within 14 calendar days with

the proposed solution and method of implementation. If the issue is resolved and

the complainant is satisfied with the solution, YMUCID should document the

complaint and resolution process in its Complaint Register, with monthly reporting to

YPMO.

iii. Step 3: If the complainant is not satisfied with the proposed solutions in Step 2,

he/she can, upon receiving the reply, take the grievance to the YPMO complaints

center. Upon receiving the complaint, the center must deal with it within 14 calendar

days. Once a complaint is documented and put on file, the YPMO complaints center

will immediately notify ADB. After discussing the complaint and potential solutions

amongst ADB, YPMO, the LIEC, the complainant and the contractor, YPMO must

propose a resolution strategy within 14 calendar days from when the complaint is

registered.

33. The tracking and documenting of grievance resolution by the YPMO (through its

complaints center) will include the following elements: (i) tracking forms and procedures for

gathering information from project personnel and complainant(s); (ii) dedicated staff to update

the database routinely; (iii) systems with the capacity to analyze information so as to recognize

grievance patterns, that can identify systemic causes of grievances, promote transparency,

publicize how complaints are being handled, and periodically evaluate the overall functioning of

the mechanism; (iv) processes for informing stakeholders about the status of a case; and

(v) procedures to retrieve data for reporting purposes, including the periodic reports to the ADB.

34. The PMO will record the complaint, investigation, and subsequent actions and report

results in the monthly internal Environmental Management Plan reports. In the construction

period and the initial operational period covered by loan covenants the EA will periodically report

complaints and their resolution to ADB in the quarterly project progress reports and the semi-

annual environmental monitoring reports.

VIII. Cost Estimates

35. Cost estimates for EMP implementation, including mitigation measures, internal

environmental monitoring, training and public consultation are $2,781,500, $80,000, $9,600 and

$7,100 respectively (see Tables A.2, A.4, A.7 and A.8). Total budget for implementing these

four items of the EMP is therefore $2,878,200 (Table A.10), mostly for provision of double-

glazed windows for noise mitigation. Excluded from the costs estimates are infrastructure costs

which relate to environment and public health but which are already included in the main civil

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works contract. Excluded are also the remuneration costs for environment specialists within

YPMO and YMUCID, loan implementation consultants, and technical experts on equipment

operation and maintenance, which are covered elsewhere in the project budget.

Table A.10: Estimated Budget for Implementation of the Environmental Management Plan EMP Item Estimated CostMitigation measures $2,781,500 Internal environmental monitoring $80,000 Training $9,600 Public consultation $7,150

Total $2,878,200

36. YMUCID will bear all internal environmental monitoring costs during construction and the

first year of operation and will ensure the necessary budgets are available for the Environmental

Monitoring Station. Contractors will bear the costs for all mitigation measures during

construction, including those specified in the tender and contract documents as well as those to

mitigate unforeseen impacts due to their construction activities. The O&M units will bear the

costs related to mitigation measures during operation, except the indirect mitigation measures of

resettlement and provision of double-glazed windows, which will be borne by YMUCID. YMUCID

will also bear the costs related to environmental supervision during construction and operation.

The project as a whole (through YPMO) will bear the costs for training, for coordinating the

Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM), and the Loan Implementation Environmental Consultant

under contract to YPMO.

IX. Mechanisms for Feedback and Adjustment

37. The EMP is a live document. The need to update and adjust the EMP will be reviewed

when there are design changes, changes in construction methods and program, unfavorable

environmental monitoring results or inappropriate monitoring locations, and ineffective or

inadequate mitigation measures. Based on environmental monitoring and reporting systems in

place, the YPMO (with the support of the LIEC) shall assess whether further mitigation

measures are required as corrective actions or improvements in environmental management

practices are required. YPMO will inform ADB promptly on any changes to the project and

needed adjustments to the EMP. The updated EMP will be submitted to ADB for review and

approval, and will be disclosed on the project website.

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Figure A.1: Flow Diagram of the Project Grievance Redress Mechanism

45023-002: Hubei-Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project

Documents

Transcript of 45023-002: Hubei-Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project