3-A8 MUSA Food Security White Nile Sudan
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Transcript of 3-A8 MUSA Food Security White Nile Sudan
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Presentation outline
The Study Area.
Key Questions (for proposal).
Brief Background.
Rural HHs Characteristics.
The Challenges
Food security indicators
- HHs Yield
- Total Income
- Expenditure & Food Budget Share
- self-sufficient rate
- the market rate
- net market rat
Food Security outlook in Sum.
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6/9/2013 1 3
Today's the self Objectives
• To share the experiences and lessons learned, through
the conference.
• To discuss what enhances or impedes the food
security activity in WNS.
• To consider how to take next step toward successful
the technical side at White Nile state.
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Sudan Map Before Separation
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Study Area: White Nile State
• Population : 1,730,588
• Population growth rate: 2.59%
• Percentage of poor: 66%
• The refugees & IDPs : 153,000 persons
All camps around Kosti & Rabak (10% )
Vegetation type %
Forest and Natural Pasture 26
Agriculture 40
Semi-desert and desert 34
Natural resource
management & food
security status of the
rural household
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Gezira State
North
Kordof
an
State
Khartoum State
Upper Nile State
Sennar State
South
Kordof
an
State
Al-
Getein
a
Rabak
Um
Rim
tta
Tend
elti As-
Salam
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Data Source: the data collected by FAO, (SIFSIA, 2011)
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Key problems proposed resolving
how did the meteorological factors influence the agricultural yield?
How did the demographic and economic factors influence the demand of
food?
What would influence the access to food for the rural households?
What would determine the food security ?
What’s the most suitable structure of crop land planted? For the food security,
how should the government make the food policies to keep the country food
securit?
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Grazing & Water Resources
The grazing area has faced severe droughts in recent years, wind/water erosion
and the increase number of animals has had a fundamental impacts on
natural resources and agro-ecological zone of White Nile State
Rural people in the study area depend on a diversity of water sources in
obtaining their domestic supply and for their livestock; these are White Nile
River, irrigation canals, mobile tankers, water yards, open shaft wells,
hafirs and naturally formed sources "Idds".
Background
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Forest Resources : The average growing stock in natural forest at age of 50 to
60 years estimated to 24-m3 ha-1 and the total above ground volume about 33-m3 ha-1
Stocking volume in natural productive stands range between 15 to 45-m3 ha-1 at felling period of 25 years.
Background
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Household Characteristics
Data Source: the data collected by the author’s survey.
locality Family size
children labor size
age Education
years Burden
co-efficiency
Asslam 7 3 3 48 1 2
ED-Dueim 6 2 3 54 5 2
EL-Jebalean 7 3 3 47 3 2
Kosti 7 3 4 50 4 2
Rabak 9 3 5 57 5 2
Tendelti 6 2 3 45 3 2
Total 7 2 4 50 4 2
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10
20
30
40
50
60
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asslam ED-Dueim EL-Jebale Kosti Rabak Tendelti
illiterate
Non-formal education
Basic School
Secondary School
University
Localities
Per
cen
tag
e
The Education
Household Characteristics
Data Source: the data collected by the author’s survey.
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Households Income Source
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10
20
30
40
50
60
70
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Crops Livestock Forest. GE. Busen. Other
Kosti
Alssalam
Tendelti
ED-Duem
ELjebalean
Rabak
Per
cen
tag
e
Household Income Source
Household Characteristics
Data Source: the data collected by the author’s survey.
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Rural Household Total Income Per Year
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0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1000.0
1200.0
1400.0
1600.0
livestock
crops
salary
sum income
Localities
Av
erag
e In
com
e (U
$)
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Challenges
Resulting to
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Refugees. IDPs
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Desertification
1. Land degradation
2. Loss of biodiversity
3. Increased migration
4. Increase dependency on neighbourhood market for
grains and other food stuffs.
Natural problems Socio-economic problems
drought Increasing population Traditional method of farming
poverty alleviation ,and sustainable development!
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The Farming System
Irrigation System Land Use
Water harvesting e.g. Grain crop
Soil type e.g. Sandy, clay & mix
Gerf e.g. vegetable
Rain-fed area e.g. Grain crops
Flooded area e.g. rice etc.
Challenges
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Rain-fed System
mechanized Traditional
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Agricultural resources in study area
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Challenges
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Food : milk, egg,…
Goods Income:
Food, trade, gift,…
Trend Income: Goods income,
assets
but in study area the case is different and it to boast !!
Why rural HHs breed livestock?
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05
10152025
AL-
Am
ara
AL-
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a
AL-
Ats
han
Gaj
ariy
a
AL-
Filf
ila
Ban
at
EL-A
tsh
an
EL-B
oga
a EL
-…
EL-M
ejag
a
UM
-Tak
al
Go
da
Tab
et –
Gan
ou
p
Tab
et –
Sham
al
AL-
ham
aray
a
Ab
u_A
nb
aj
Aja
goga
Sh
areg
e
EL-a
laig
a EL
-Bas
hir
Mo
na
Um
-mah
ani
Gaz
eera
Ab
a A
L-…
Gaz
eera
Ab
a (G
ob
a)
AL-
Bah
Gar
ep
AL-
Bah
Sh
areq
AL-
Man
sou
ra
Salim
a A
Lmah
ata
Asslam ED-Dueim EL-Jebalean
Kosti Rabak Tendelti
Distance (kilometer)
localities & Villages
Dis
tan
ce
The distance between surveyed villages and
the nearest market for the households
Data Source: Ministry of Agriculture, White Nile State
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What’s the Food Security Indicators
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food Production
Income
Food Security Indicators
Expenditure
Calories
consumption
Nutritional Status
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crops yield/kg per Rural HHs by locality
During the Season 2012
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ED-Dueim
EL-Jebalean
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Tendelti
Kg /
acr
e
Data Source: the data collected by the author’s survey.
crop
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Average of Rural HHs Net Cash
& Cash source
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Data Source: the data collected by the author’s survey.
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500
1000
1500
2000
Asslam ED-Dueim EL-Jebalean Kosti Rabak Tendelti
Livestock
Crops
salary
cash payed
balance
Localities
Ave
rage
in U
$
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Expenditure of HHs for
All Items by locality (U$)
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0
200
400
600
800
1000
exp_food
exp_nonfood
exp_others
Localities
Ave
rage
(U
$)
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Mean’s of Food Budget Share Groups per capit
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0.1
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0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
w_m
ut
w_b
eef
w_c
hi
w_e
gg
w_f
is
w_m
il
w_s
org
w_m
ill
w_w
he
at
w_r
ice
w_l
ob
ia
w_p
ota
t
w_v
ege
t
w_p
ean
ut
w_s
esam
e
w_s
uga
r
Livestock production Cereal Grains vegetables Oils Sweets
Mean
Mea
n o
f fo
od
Bu
dg
et S
har
e
The Food Groups
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Budget Share Food Groups per capita
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Self-sufficiency rate & Market Rate
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0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
mr_
sorg
mr_
mill
mr_
wh
e
mr_
rice
mr_
lob
i
mr_
mu
t
mr_
bee
f
mr_
chi
mr_
egg
mr_
mil
mr_
fi
mr_
vege
t
mr_
po
tat
mr_
gnu
t
mr_
sesa
m
mr_
suga
r
ssr_sorgssr_millssr_whessr_ricessr_lobissr_mutssr_beefssr_chissr_eggssr_mil ssr_fissr_vegetssr_potatssr_gnutssr_sesamssr_sugar
Mean of ssr
Mean of mr
Food Groups
The
Ave
rage
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Self-sufficiency
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Market Rate
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Net Market Rate
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-10.00
0.00
10.00
20.00
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50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
Asslam ED-Dueim EL-Jebalean Kosti Rabak Tendelti
sesame
peanut
vegetable
beef
mutton
chicken
milk
lobia
rice
wheat
millet
sorghum
Ave
rage
(U
$)
Localities
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The food outlook in Sum
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Food Security
Problem land Problem Inputs problem
Self
sufficiency
30%
Market
Access
70%
Owned land
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Renting land
25%
Agric. inputs
Nutrition
from
livestock
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