11 Noise - South Kesteven District Council

Chapter 11: Noise Assessment

Spitalgate Heath

ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT

11 Noise

11.1 Introduction

11.1.1 This Chapter considers the potential effects of traffic noise generated by the development and its potential to impact on the surrounding area, whilst also assessing the exposure to existing and forecast traffic noise from nearby roads.

11.1.2 The Chapter should be read in conjunction with the Noise Assessment Report, produced by JMP Consultants Ltd, appended to this Environmental Statement (Appendix A11.1).

11.2 Methodology

11.2.1 A detailed assessment methodology is included at Appendix A11.1. A summary is outlined below.

Scoping and Noise Monitoring

11.2.1 The Noise Assessment has been scoped as part of discussions with the Environmental Health Officer (EHO) at South Kesteven District Council (SKDC), where the assessment methodology was agreed and a series of locations for noise monitoring were identified. A total of four sites have been selected for noise monitoring in order to establish the noise climate within the study area. For consistency, similar locations are selected based on those previously assessed as part of the Grantham Southern Quadrant Link Road Environmental Statement (Mouchel, 2013) and discussed in the scoping for the Southern Quadrant Link Road Environmental Statement (October, 2012).

11.2.2 Noise levels have been monitored at the following locations:

B1174 – Outside Cheveley Park;

Saltersford Road;

A52 Somerby House – Outside Endahna House; and

Whalebone Lane.

Development Phasing

11.2.3 The approximate number of residential units for each phase is as follows:

Phase 1: 1,212 homes



11.2.4 In addition to the residential element the following is proposed:

Up to 110,000 sq.m of employment space with Use Classes B1, B2 and B8 (approximate composition: 30% B1; 35% B2; and 35% B8);

Educational facilities including a primary school and a secondary school; and

A local centre of up to 8,000 sq.m including Use Classes A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, B1, D1, D1/2

11.2.5 The rate of development of new homes and commercial space is dependent on wider market and economic conditions. Similarly, the development of ancillary uses, including schools and the local centre, will be triggered by delivery thresholds of the core elements of the housing and employment space and the requirements of the Education Authority.

Assessment Scenarios

11.2.6 The following assessment scenarios have been agreed with the Council and are considered in the Noise Assessment:

Scenario 1 – 2013 Base Year;

Scenario 2 – 2016 with Committed Development (With SQLR Scheme);

Scenario 3 – 2016 with Committed Development & Phase 1 Residential (With SQLR Scheme);

Scenario 4 – 2024 with Committed Development (With SQLR Scheme);

Scenario 5 – 2024 with Committed Development & Phases 1 & 2 (With SQLR Scheme);

Scenario 6 – 2031 with Committed Development (With SQLR Scheme); and

Scenario 7 – 2031 with Committed Development & Full Build Out (With SQLR Scheme).

11.2.7 The SQLR has been considered in all future year scenarios as its delivery provides direct access for housing and associated development.

Traffic Data

11.2.8 The assessment of noise is based on 18-hour traffic flows. Base and Future Year traffic data, together with Heavy Vehicle (HV) proportions, were obtained from the Grantham Traffic Model (GTM) held by Lincolnshire County Council (LCC) for key links included within the study area.

11.2.9 A TRICS exercise, undertaken as part of the Transport Assessment, has been used to establish the trip generation associated with each element of the development proposals, including residential, employment and local centre land uses. This information has been used to derive traffic matrices which were run within the GTM to provide the traffic scenarios detailed above. From these scenarios, 18-hour traffic flows have been established for use in the Noise Assessment.

11.2.10 A breakdown of the 18-hour traffic flows for each assessed link within the study area can be found in Table 1.13 of Appendix A11.1.

11.2.11 Traffic speeds are based on the speed limits of the roads assessed, which is an approach consistent with DMRB methodology.

11.2.12 To provide a robust assessment of traffic noise within the study area, the traffic data incorporated in the assessment includes the following committed developments:

2016 Scenarios:

King 31 Development;

Poplar Farm;

Various sites in Grantham town centre;

Kwiksave site, Castlegate;

Beacon Lane;

Land north of Dysart Road;

Hampton Brook.

2024 & 2031 Scenarios:

King 31 Development;

Manthorpe;

Poplar Farm;

Various sites in Grantham town centre;

Kwiksave site, Castlegate;

Beacon Lane;

Land north of Dysart Road;

Hampton Brook;

St Vincent Lodge;

Land north of Peachwood Close;

South of Barrowby Road;

North of Harlaxton Road;

Old Quarry, Spitalgate Level;

*Little Ponton Quarry

*The Consented Little Ponton Quarry traffic is expected to generate minimal traffic in the busiest weekday periods. Staff generated light vehicle movements are also minimal. The traffic will be controlled by a Construction Management Plan and is absorbed within the 18-hour traffic used for the Noise Assessment.

Rail Data

11.2.13 The East Coast Main Line railway follows the route of the River Witham and serves Grantham town centre to the north, providing connectivity between London King Cross and Edinburgh Waverley stations. Rail data for this line has been obtained from Network Rail working timetables which is inclusive of both passenger and freight movements. Using this information, the effect of rail noise on the site has been included in the noise calculations.

Noise Maps (CADNA-A Modelling)

11.2.14 Noise contour mapping for the Project has been undertaken in accordance with the advice contained within the Calculation of Road Traffic Noise 1988 (CRTN), using the computer aided noise abatement software package CADNA-A. The program determines the LA10T noise level; the noise level that is exceeded for 10% of the time.

11.2.15 Seven CADNA-A noise models have been developed to include a 2013 Base Year model; which represents the existing ‘without SQLR scheme’ conditions, two 2016 Opening Year ‘with’ and ‘without’ development models; which consider the noise exposure with Phase 1 built-out; two 2024 Future Year ‘with’ and ‘without’ development; considering noise exposure with Phases 1 and 2 built-out, and finally two 2031 Future Year ‘with’ and ‘without’ development models; representing full build-out of the development.

Validation

11.2.16 To ensure that the CADNA-A model accurately replicates the noise levels on the ground, a series of receiver points have been defined within the model at the same locations to those where the noise measurements were undertaken. These receiver points identify the noise levels (LA10) in each location of the model and are used as a means of model validation.

11.2.17 Based on a comparison between the modelled noise levels and those monitored on-site, a +4 dB correction was applied to the daytime modelled noise levels in order to align with those recorded on-site and to ensure model accuracy. The modelled night-time levels closely aligned to the monitored noise levels and as a consequence correction was not required.

Assessment Criteria

11.2.18 For the purposes of the Noise Assessment, two main noise parameters are used to classify noise exposure within the study area:

LAeq - the equivalent continuous sound level; and

LA10 - the noise level that is exceeded for 10% of the time.

11.2.19 The CADNA-A program outputs LA10-18hour noise levels as default; relevant when assessing the eligibility for noise compensation considered in the latter stage of the Noise Assessment. To consider LAeq noise levels, required for the former Planning Policy Guidance 24 (PPG 24) assessment, LA10 levels must be converted to LAeq levels.

11.2.20 In order to attain the LAeq-16hour (daytime) and LAeq-8hour (night-time) levels the LA10-18hour

measurements calculated in the first stage of noise modelling have been converted using the Huybregts and Samuels (1998) approach described in ‘Converting the UK traffic noise index LA10,18h to EU noise indices for noise mapping’ [TRL, 2002] which provides the following conversion factors:

LA10-16hour = LAeq-16hour + 2.5 dB

LA10-8hour = LAeq-8hour + 2.6 dB

11.2.21 In accordance with the former PPG 24, the following external noise maps were created

as part of this assessment:

Day-time LAeq-16hour external noise environment at ground floor (1.5m)

Night-time LAeq-8hour external noise environment at first floor (4m)

11.2.22 By modelling the ground and first floors of development, the loudest noise across the proposed development site and at the facades of surrounding residential dwellings was determined.

11.2.23 The assessment of noise levels at first floor height in the night-time accounts for situations where dwellings are likely to be occupied by sleeping residents.

11.2.24 A series of eleven receptors have been positioned at locations in the CADNA-A model anticipated to be most susceptible to changes in traffic noise, largely due to their close proximity to the nearest carriageway. These eleven receptors include five that are positioned at the facades of existing dwellings and six receptors that are located within the residential and employment areas. The location of the eleven receptors are shown in Appendix 11.1.

11.2.25 At each location, the relevant external LAeq (the equivalent continuous noise level) and LA10 (noise level exceeded for 10% of the time) noise levels at the closest facade to the carriageway are represented. In order to reflect the most common living arrangements for the daytime and night-time periods, the levels have been calculated at heights for ground floor (1.5 metres) and first floor (4 metres) respectively.

11.3 Planning Policy and Legislation

Former Planning Policy Guidance 24 (PPG 24)

11.3.1 PPG24 was withdrawn in March, 2012 on the publication of the NPPF (National Planning Policy Framework). Whilst the NPPF has replaced PPG 24 many of the principles remain the same. Furthermore, PPG24 provides measurable guidelines using a decibel scale, whilst the NPPF does not provide an easily relatable measure of objectivity. It is on this basis that the PPG24 guidance is still considered robust and the local authority has deemed that it remains relevant.

11.3.2 The former guidance identified four NEC’s (Noise Exposure Categories) which range from A through to D. NEC’s have been used by Local Planning Authorities when considering Planning Applications for residential development near to transport-related noise sources. NEC A sites are considered to be most suitable for development, as at these locations noise levels are relatively low. Noise levels at sites within NEC D are usually considered to be too high for the introduction of new residential receptors.

11.3.3 Whilst the former PPG24 was initially intended to be applied solely to residential development it can be used as a means of categorisation of non residential developments. Using the NECs allows for an indication of the range of noise levels to which the non residential development is likely to be exposed. It is no more or no less a banding of received noise that can be reviewed against current WHO requirements.

11.3.4 Advice provided previously within the former PPG24 for each NEC is:

NEC A – Noise need not be considered as a determining factor in granting planning permission, although the noise level at the high end of the category should not be regarded as a desirable level.

NEC B – Noise should be taken into account when determining planning applications and, where appropriate, conditions imposed to ensure an adequate level of protection against noise.

NEC C – Planning permission should not normally be granted. Where it is considered that permission should be given, for example because there are no quieter sites available, conditions should be imposed to ensure a commensurate level of protection against noise.

NEC D – Planning permission should normally be refused.

11.3.5 Each NEC has a recommended noise level range for the daytime (07:00 to 23:00) and

for the night-time (23:00 to 07:00). The NEC noise levels for road traffic are detailed in

Table 11.1.

Table 11.1 Transport Noise Levels Corresponding to the Noise Exposure

Categories

Transport noise source

Period

Noise levels corresponding to the Noise Exposure Categories for new dwellings, LAeqT dB(A)

NEC A NEC B NEC C NEC D

Road traffic

Day (07:00 – 23:00)

<55 55 - 63 63 - 72 >72

Night (23:00 – 07:00)

<45 45 - 57 57 - 66 >66

Source: PPG24

World Health Organisation’s Guidelines for Community Health

11.3.6 Guidelines for Community Noise (World Health Organisation, 1999) state that:

‘to protect the majority of people from being seriously annoyed during the daytime, the outdoor sound level from steady, continuous noise should not exceed 55 dB(A) LAeq on balconies, terraces, and in outdoor living areas’.

11.3.7 Further guidance specific to night-time noise has been provided in Night Noise Guidelines for Europe (World Health Organisation, 2009).

11.3.8 Table 11.2 details the recommended noise levels:

Table 11.2 World Health Organisation Recommended Levels

Specific environment LAeq dB(A) Time base (hours) LAFmax,fast dB(A)

Outdoor living area

55 (reasonable) 16 -

50 (good) 16 -

55 (interim target) 8 -

40 8 -

Dwelling indoors 35 16 -

Inside bedroom 30 8 45

Outside bedroom 45 8 60

Source: Guidelines for Community Noise, World Health Organisation (1999) & Night Noise Guidelines for Europe (World Health Organisation, 2009)

Building Bulletin 93 (BB 93): Acoustic Design of Schools

11.3.9 Building Bulletin 93 (BB 93), released in July 2003, provides a regulatory framework for the acoustic design of new schools to comply with the Building Regulations. Section 1 of the guidance sets out the performance standards for indoor ambient noise levels where it aims to:

“....provide acoustic conditions in schools that (a) facilitate clear communication of speech between teacher and student, and between students, and (b) do not interfere with study activities”.

11.3.10 Table 11.3 presents a range of upper noise limits most applicable to the school development presented as part of this scheme.

Table 11.3 BB 93 Upper Limits for Indoor Ambient Noise Levels

Type of Room Upper Noise Limit (LAeq 30min) (dB)

Primary school classrooms 35dB(A)

Secondary school classrooms 35dB(A)

Open Plan teaching and resource areas 40dB(A)

Music classroom 35dB(A)

Small lecture rooms (fewer than 50 people) 35dB(A)

Large lecture rooms (more than 50 people) 30dB(A)

Libraries;

Quiet Study Areas

Resource Areas

30dB(A)

35dB(A)

Science Laboratories 40dB(A)

Drama Studios 30dB(A)

Assembly Halls 35dB(A)

Dining Rooms 45dB(A)

Source: BB 93; Section 1

11.3.11 In addition, Section 2 of BB 93 provides guidance concerning noise control in order to determine the suitability of a site for playing fields and outdoor teaching activities. Based on the guidance, it is recommended that the following daytime noise levels should be achieved:

An upper limit of 60 dB(A) LAeq-30mins for external noise at the boundary of external premises used for formal and informal outdoor teaching and recreational areas;

55 dB(A) LAeq-30mins in unoccupied playgrounds, playing fields and other outdoor areas; and

50 dB LAeq-30mins in at least one area of the unoccupied playgrounds, playing fields and other outdoor areas, to ensure suitable noise levels for outdoor teaching.

IEMA Guidelines for Environmental Noise Assessment 2014

11.3.12 The IEMA Guidelines for Environmental Noise Assessments address the key principles of noise impact assessment and are applicable to all development proposals where noise impacts may occur.

11.3.13 The guidance provides advice with regard to the collection of baseline noise data, prediction of noise levels and how noise should be assessed. The guidance recognises that the effect associated with a particular noise impact will be dependent on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the receptor, frequency and duration of the noise source and the time of day.

11.3.14 It does not provide specific objective assessment criteria which should be achieved by developments but instead suggests that the methodology adopted should be selected on a site by site basis with reference to relevant national and local standards.

National Planning Policy Framework

11.3.15 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) was published on 27th March, 2012. It recognises that the purpose of the planning system should contribute to the achievement of sustainable development, which can only be achieved by linking economic, social and environmental objectives, as these aspects are mutually dependent. The NPPF encourages planning policy to pursue sustainable development and seek positive improvements in the quality of the built, natural and historic environment, as well as in people’s quality of life.

11.3.16 In March 2014, the National Planning Policy Guidance, which complements the NPPF, was released and states that noise needs to be considered when new developments may create additional noise and when new developments would be sensitive to the prevailing acoustic environment. Paragraph 123 sets out the following:

“Planning policies and decisions should aim to:

Avoid noise from giving rise to significant adverse impacts on health and quality of life as a result of new development;

Mitigate and reduce to a minimum other adverse impacts on health and quality of life arising from noise from new development, including through the use of conditions;

Recognise that development will often create some noise and existing businesses wanting to develop in continuance of their business should not have unreasonable restrictions put on them because of changes in nearby land uses since they were established; and

Identify and protect areas of tranquillity which have remained relatively undistributed by noise and are prized for their recreational and amenity value for this reason.”

11.3.17 Section 11 Paragraph 123 of NPPF makes reference to the DEFRA Noise Policy Statement for England (NPSE). The latter document is intended to apply to all forms of noise than which occurs in the workplace and included environmental noise and neighbourhood noise in all forms.

11.3.18 NPSE advises that the impact of noise should be assessed on the basis of adverse and significant adverse effect but does not provide any specific guidance on assessment methods or sound level limits. Moreover, the document states that it is not possible to have “a single objective noise-based measures....that is applicable to all sources of noise in all situations”. It further advises that he sound level at which an adverse effect occurs is “likely to be different for different noise sources, for different receptors at different times”.

BS 8233 (2014) Sound Insulation and Noise Reduction for Buildings

11.3.19 The revision to BS 8233 (2014) came into effect on 28th February, 2014.

11.3.20 BS 8233 (2014) contains guidance and acoustic criteria that are regularly referenced by Planning Authorities when imposing Planning Conditions and, as such, often dictates the building envelope design and ventilation strategies for developments.

11.3.21 BS 8233 (2014), Table 4 recommends internal noise levels that should be achieved. These internal noise limits are primarily intended to apply to new or refurbished buildings, not to assess changes in the external noise environment. Table 11.4 shows the internal noise levels recommended in BS 8233 (2014).

Table 11.4 Indoor ambient noise levels for dwellings

Activity Location Design Range LAeqT dB(A)

07:00 to 23:00 23:00 to 07:00

Resting Living room 35 dB LAeq, 16hour -

Dining Dining room/area 40 dB LAeq, 16hour -

Sleeping (daytime resting) Bedroom 35 dB LAeq, 16hour 30 dB LAeq, 8hour

Where development is considered necessary or desirable, despite external noise levels above WHO guidelines, the internal target levels may be relaxed by up to 5dB and

reasonable internal conditions still achieved.

Source: BS 8233 (2014)

11.3.22 In order to convert an external noise level to an internal noise level, in accordance with

BS 8233 (2014), it is assumed that:

An open window will provide a decibel reduction of 13dB(A).

A closed double glazed window (specification 6-12-6) will reduce external noise levels by 34dB(A).

A closed secondary glazed window (specification 4-200-4) will reduce external noise levels by 43dB(A).

BS 4142 (2014) Methods for Rating and Assessing Industrial and Commercial Sound

11.3.23 BS 4142 (2014) Methods for Rating for Rating and Assessing Industrial and Commercial Sound describes a method for determining the level of a noise of an industrial / commercial nature. This is undertaken for a number of reasons, namely: investigating the likelihood of complaints; assessing sound from proposed, new, modified or additional sources of sound of an industrial / commercial nature; and assessing sound at proposed new dwellings or premises used for residential purposes.

11.3.24 The significance of sound of an industrial or commercial nature depends upon both the margin by which the rating level of the specific sound source exceeds the background sound level and the context in which the sound occurs. Once the difference between the background noise level and the sound source is established the following can be considered:

Typically, the greater this difference, the greater the magnitude of the impact.

A difference of around +10 dB or more is likely to be an indication of a significant adverse impact, depending on the context.

A difference of around +5 dB is likely to be an indication of an adverse impact, depending on the context.

The lower the rating level is relative to the measured background sound level, the less likely it is that the specific sound source will have an adverse impact of a significant adverse impact. Where the rating level does not exceed the background sound level, this is an indication of the specific sound source having a low impact, depending on the context

BS 5228-1 (2009+A1 (2014)) Code of Practice for Noise Control on Construction and Open Sites

11.3.25 The methodology prescribed within BS 5228 -1 (2009+A1 (2014)) Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites – Part 1: Noise provides guidance on the prediction and measurement of noise relating to construction activities and how to determine the effects of construction noise.

11.3.26 The use of this guidance will enable a series of noise control measures to be determined for the site in order to minimise the effects of construction related noise for surrounding residential areas.

Land Compensation Act (1973)

11.3.27 The Land Compensation Act 1973 sets out the rights for persons to claim compensation “where the value of an interest in land is depreciated by physical factors caused by the use of public works.”

11.3.28 Part II, Sections 20 and 21 of the Act identifies that the Secretary of State can impose a duty on responsible authorities to insulate buildings against noise caused or expected to be caused by the construction or use of public works, or to make grants in respect of the cost of insulation.

Noise Insulations Guidance (1988)

11.3.29 The Noise Insulation (Amended) Regulations 1988 (the Regulations) set out criteria for determining the eligibility of residential properties for noise insulation, should a new or altered road scheme potentially impact on them.

Eligibility for Compensation

11.3.30 To be eligible for compensation under the Regulations the following three conditions must be met:

Condition 1

Within 15 years of the new or altered highway being opened, noise from any highway must be greater than or equal to 68 dB(A) LA10-18hour (the noise level exceeded for 10% of the time in an eighteen hour period) at a facade;

Condition 2

There must be at least a 1 dB(A) increase in traffic noise level (LA10-18hour) within the 15 year period, compared to the noise level prior to construction of the new or altered highway; and

Condition 3

Post construction, the LA10-18hour noise level must increase by at least 1 dB(A) within the 15 year period. The increase in noise level must be attributable to the new or altered highway.

11.3.31 All three of the conditions must be fulfilled for a residential property to be eligible for noise insulation compensation. Once the scheme has been open to traffic for 12 months, claims can be submitted.

Calculation of Expected Population Annoyed (EPA) by Noise

11.3.32 To determine the expected impact of traffic noise on surrounding dwellings in the study area the Department for Transport’s (DfT) Calculation of Expected Population Annoyed (EPA) by Noise worksheet (WebTAG 3.3.2) has been adopted.

11.3.33 This method is used to calculate the proportion of the population in the study area who could potentially by annoyed by noise. In accordance with research by DfT a household can be identified as being likely to experience some form of noise annoyance where the noise level exceeds 45 dB LAeq-18hour. Both do minimum and do something scenarios are assessed using this approach to determine the noise impact of a proposed scheme.

11.3.34 The template provided in WebTAG 3.3.2 has been used to evaluate the effects of noise annoyance as part of a scheme. The population exposed has been estimated by using the assumption that properties contain the national average of 2.4 people per household as stated in the 2011 Census.

11.4 Baseline Conditions

11.4.1 The 2013 Base Year model has been constructed in order to validate the noise levels within the CADNA-A model based on the noise monitoring results. In achieving validation, the existing noise environment has been established for the study area. The 2013 existing noise environment is presented in Table 11.5, representing the LAeq-16hour daytime and LAeq-8hour night-time external noise levels.

11.4.2 The 2013 Base Year results reveal that the noisiest aspects of the area occur at the A52 Somerby Hill during both the daytime and night-time. This is associated with the close proximity of properties to the A52 which has the highest 18-Hour traffic flows of all assessed links in the traffic model.

11.4.3 Acknowledging the fact that the eleven receptors represent some of the most exposed parts of the study area to noise, the majority of sites experience marginal NEC C levels during the daytime where LAeq-16hour levels exceed 63 dB(A). The majority of existing dwellings experience marginal NEC C levels during the night-time, where LAeq-8hour levels occur in the region of 57 dB(A).

11.4.4 The existing noise environment at the site indicates higher daytime noise levels (NEC C) at the northern and eastern boundaries of the residential site, closest to the A52 Somerby Hill carriageway. Noise levels to the south are considerably lower (NEC A) away from surrounding roads. The employment site is shown to experience NEC B levels at parts of the site in closest proximity to the B1174. During the night-time, marginal NEC C levels occur to at the northern and eastern boundaries of the residential site, whilst similar to the daytime, NEC A levels occur to the south. The employment aspect of the sire experiences lower noise levels where NEC B levels only feature at the closest site boundaries to the carriageway.

Table 11.5 2013 Base External Noise Environment Assessment Locations

11.5 Potential Effects

11.5.1 The LAeq-16hour external daytime noise levels for Opening Year (2016), ‘with’ and ‘without’

the build out of Phase 1 residential are presented in Table 11.6.

Location

2013 Base Daytime

2013 Base Night-time

LAeq16hr dB(A)

LA10 dB(A)

LAeq16hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A)

Existing Land Use

1

Property at A52 Somerby Hill West

70.2 72.7 62.2 64.8

2

Spitalgate Barracks

63.8 66.3 56.6 59.2

3

Property adjacent to Spitalgate Barracks

63.3 65.8 56.1 58.7

4

Property at Water Treatment Works

50.0 52.5 46.6 49.2

5

Property at Cheveley Park

62.9 65.4 55.7 58.3

6

Property at Southern corner of Albert Street

63.0 65.5 57.0 59.6

Spitalgate Heath Site

7

Residential North

64.8 67.3 57.6 60.2

8

Residential East

64.5 67.0 57.3 59.9

9

Residential South

44.3 46.8 37.4 40.0

10

Employment North

56.4 58.9 48.9 51.5

11

Employment South

55.0 57.5 47.6 50.2

Table 11.6 2016 Opening Year Daytime External Noise Environment Assessment

Locations

11.5.2 The results presented in Table 11.6 show that the introduction of the SQLR in the 2016 Opening Year ‘without development’ is predicted to result in a reduction of traffic noise at a number of locations. This effect can be attributed to the attractiveness of the SQLR as a route which draws traffic from surrounding roads.

11.5.3 The greatest reduction in traffic noise is predicted to occur on the A52 Somerby Hill where the daytime LAeq-16hour falls by around 2 dB(A) at the Spitalgate Barracks (Location 2) and adjacent property (Location 3) and by a similar margin at the property to the west (Location 1). Similarly, noise levels decrease by approximately 1.6 to 1.7 dB(A) at the northern and eastern boundaries. The introduction of the SQLR, which traverses the southern boundary of the residential element of the site and passes through the employment area to the west, sees an increase in daytime traffic noise to the south. The

Location

2016 Opening Year ‘Without Dev’

Daytime

2016 Opening Year ‘With Dev’

Daytime

LAeq-16hr dB(A)

LA10 dB(A)

LAeq-16hr dB(A)

LA10 dB(A)

Existing Land Use

1


68.5 71.0 71.7 74.2

2

Spitalgate Barracks

61.5 64.0 64.3 66.8

3


61.2 63.7 64.0 66.5

4


57.8 60.3 59.4 61.9

5


63.6 66.1 64.6 67.1

6


63.3 65.8 64.4 66.9


7

Residential North

63.1 65.6 66.1 68.6

8

Residential East

62.9 65.4 64.9 67.4

9

Residential South

60.0 62.5 61.7 64.2

10

Employment North

60.4 62.9 61.6 64.1

11

Employment South

60.5 63.0 62.0 64.5

daytime LAeq-16hour increases by around 15 dB(A) at the southern boundary of the residential area (Location 9). For reference, the level remains comfortably within NEC B daytime criteria. Further to the west, daytime noise levels increase by between 4.0 and 7.8 dB(A) at the Water Treatment Works (Location 4) and employment areas (Locations 10 and 11), remaining well within NEC B levels.

11.5.4 The LAeq-8hour external night-time noise levels for Opening Year (2016), ‘with’ and ‘without’ the build out of the Phase 1 residential components are presented in Table 11.7.

Table 11.7 2016 Opening Year Night-time External Noise Environment

Assessment Locations

11.5.5 As shown in Table 11.7, the introduction of the SQLR in the 2016 Opening Year ‘without development’ leads to a reduction in traffic noise levels during the night-time at a number of assessed locations in the vicinity of the site.

11.5.6 Most notably, properties adjacent to the A52 Somerby Hill witness some of the greatest reductions in traffic noise exposure, attributable to the re-routing of traffic to the SQLR.

Location

2016 Opening Year ‘Without Dev’

Night-time

2016 Opening Year ‘With Dev’

Night-time

LAeq-8hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A) LAeq-8hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A)

Existing Land Use

1


59.9 62.5 62.6 65.2

2

Spitalgate Barracks

54.3 56.9 56.1 58.7

3


54.0 56.6 55.7 58.3

4


50.8 53.4 51.3 53.9

5 Property at Cheveley

Park 56.4 59.0 56.5 59.1

6


57.2 59.8 57.3 59.9


7

Residential North

55.8 58.4 57.8 60.4

8

Residential East

55.7 58.3 56.6 59.2

9

Residential South

52.7 55.3 53.4 56.0

10

Employment North

53.0 55.6 53.3 55.9

11

Employment South

53.2 55.8 53.6 56.2

At properties west of the site (Location 1) and in the vicinity of the Spitalgate Barracks (Locations 2 and 3) a reduction in the LAeq-8hour of around 2 dB(A) is observed, whilst to the east of the site similar noise reductions feature.

11.5.7 The introduction of the SQLR to the south of the site results in increases in the LAeq-8hour

at assessed locations compared to Existing (2013) night-time levels, with the largest increase of 15 dB(A) LAeq-8hour predicted to occur at the southern boundary of the residential area (Location 9), though remaining comfortably within NEC B night-time criteria. Further west, where the SQLR passes through the employment area, a maximum increase in the LAeq-8hour of 5.6 dB(A) features at the closest employment unit to the south of the SQLR (Location 11). Night-time noise levels at this location, as well as at the Water Treatment Works assessed nearby (Location 4), remain within NEC B.

11.5.8 The LAeq-16hour external daytime noise levels for Future Year (2024), ‘with’ and ‘without’ the build out of Phases 1 and 2 of the site are presented in Table 11.8.

Table 11.8 2024 Future Year Daytime External Noise Environment Assessment

Locations

Location

2024 Future Year ‘Without Dev’

Daytime

2024 Future Year ‘With Dev’

Daytime

LAeq-16hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A) LAeq-16hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A)

Existing Land Use

1


70.7 73.2 72.4 74.9

2

Spitalgate Barracks

61.6 64.1 63.8 66.3

3


61.1 63.6 63.3 65.8

4


58.4 60.9 60.9 63.4

5


64.1 66.6 64.7 67.2

6


63.8 66.3 64.8 67.3


7

Residential North

64.5 67.0 66.3 68.8

8

Residential East

63.0 65.5 65.1 67.6

9

Residential South

60.7 63.2 62.5 65.0

10

Employment North

61.3 63.8 62.5 65.0

11

Employment South

61.6 64.1 63.3 65.8

11.5.9 The results presented in Table 11.8 identify that, during the 2024 Future Year ‘without’ development situation, daytime noise levels remain consistent with the 2016 Opening Year ‘without’ development levels at the majority of assessed locations where the LAeq-

16hour level remains within 1 dB(A) difference.

11.5.10 However, slightly greater increases in daytime ‘without’ development levels occur to the west of the A52 Somerby Hill (Location 1) where the LAeq-16hour is approximately 2.2 dB(A) higher to that presented in the 2016 Opening Year ‘without’ development situation. Similarly, at the northern boundary of the residential site (Location 7), the LAeq-

16hour increases by 1.4 dB(A). In both of these locations, the daytime levels remain within NEC C criteria. Additionally, the LAeq-16hour level at the southern element of the employment site (Location 11) increases by around 1.1 dB(A), however this assessed site remains within NEC B criteria.

11.5.11 The increases in daytime traffic noise indicate that, by 2024, the SQLR becomes a more attractive through route between the A52 Somerby Hill and B1174.

11.5.12 The LAeq-8hour external night-time noise levels for Future Year (2024), ‘with’ and ‘without’ the build out of Phases 1 and 2 of the site are presented in Table 11.9.

Table 11.9 2024 Future Year Night-time External Noise Environment Assessment

Locations

11.5.13 As presented in Table 11.9, similar to the daytime situation, the 2024 Future Year ‘without’ development situation remains relatively consistent with the equivalent 2016 ‘without’ development noise levels. In line with the 2024 daytime situation, the largest increases in traffic noise levels occur to the west of the A52 Somerby Hill (Location 1) where the LAeq-8hour is approximately 2.8 dB(A) higher than that presented for the same location in the 2016 ‘without’ development situation. Similarly, when comparing the 2016 and 2024 ‘without’ development situations, an increase in the LAeq-8Hour of 1.4 dB(A) features at the northern boundary of the residential site (Location 7).

11.5.14 The increases in night-time traffic noise reaffirm that, by 2024, the SQLR becomes a more attractive through-route between the A52 Somerby Hill and B1174.

Location


Night-time


Night-time

LAeq-8hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A) LAeq-8hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A)

Existing Land Use

1


62.7 65.3 64.4 67.0

2

Spitalgate Barracks

54.4 57.0 56.6 59.2

3


53.9 56.5 56.1 58.7

4


51.3 53.9 53.5 56.1

5


57.0 59.6 57.6 60.2

6


57.6 60.2 58.4 61.0


7

Residential North

57.2 59.8 59.1 61.7

8

Residential East

55.7 58.3 58.0 60.6

9

Residential South

53.4 56.0 55.1 57.7

10

Employment North

54.0 56.6 55.2 57.8

11

Employment South

54.2 56.8 55.9 58.5

11.5.15 The LAeq-16hour external daytime noise levels for Future Year (2031), ‘with’ and ‘without’ the full build out of the site are presented in Table 11.10.

Table 11.10 2031 Future Year Daytime External Noise Environment Assessment

Locations

11.5.16 Table 11.10 shows there to be minimal change in daytime noise levels at any of the eleven assessed locations between the 2024 and 2031 ‘without’ development situations. A maximum increase in the LAeq-16hour of 0.4 dB(A) occurs to the south of the proposed site, both at the southern residential boundary (Location 9) and at the Water Treatment Works site (Location 4). At other locations across the study area changes in noise levels are found to be even less as a consequence all assessed locations remain in the respective noise exposure category (NEC) in accordance with the former PPG 24.

Location


Daytime


Daytime

LAeq-16hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A) LAeq-16hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A)

Existing Land Use

1


70.7 73.2 72.7 75.2

2

Spitalgate Barracks

61.7 64.2 64.0 66.5

3


61.2 63.7 63.5 66.0

4


58.8 61.3 61.8 64.3

5


64.1 66.6 65.5 68.0

6


63.7 66.2 65.1 67.6


7

Residential North

64.5 67.0 66.6 69.1

8

Residential East

63.1 65.6 65.8 68.3

9

Residential South

61.1 63.6 63.2 65.7

10

Employment North

61.5 64.0 63.2 65.7

11

Employment South

61.9 64.4 64.1 66.6

11.5.17 The LAeq-8hour external night-time noise levels for Future Year (2031), ‘with’ and ‘without’ the full build out of the site are presented in Table 11.11.

Table 11.11 2031 Future Year Night-time External Noise Environment Assessment

Locations

11.5.18 The 2031 ‘without’ development results presented in Table 11.11 identify that night-time noise levels remain relatively similar to those identified as part of the 2024 ‘without’ development situation. As with the changes predicted in the daytime, the maximum increase in the LAeq-8hour levels measured at the eleven assessed locations occurs to the south of the proposed site, with a 0.4 dB(A) increase featuring both at the southern residential boundary (Location 9) as well as at the Water Treatment Works site (Location 4).

Location


Night-time

2031 Future Year ‘With

Dev’ Night-time

LAeq-8hr

dB(A) LA10

dB(A)

LAeq-

8hr

dB(A)

LA10 dB(A)

Existing Land Use

1


62.7 65.3 64.7 67.3

2

Spitalgate Barracks

54.5 57.1 56.8 59.4

3


54.0 56.6 56.3 58.9

4


51.7 54.3 54.3 56.9

5


57.0 59.6 58.3 60.9

6


57.6 60.2 58.7 61.3


7

Residential North

57.3 59.9 59.4 62.0

8

Residential East

55.9 58.5 58.6 61.2

9

Residential South

53.8 56.4 55.8 58.4

10

Employment North

54.2 56.8 55.9 58.5

11

Employment South

54.5 57.1 56.7 59.3

11.5.19 Elsewhere throughout the study area, changes to the night-time noise levels are less noticeable and consequently each of the assessed locations remain in the same noise exposure category (NEC) to that presented for the 2024 ‘without’ development situation.

11.6 Assessment Discussion

Noise Impacts for the Project

11.6.1 Noise maps have been extracted from the CADNA-A modelling and are presented in the full report included in Appendix 11.1 and show noise exposure levels in Baseline, Opening Year, and Future Year situations. The noise maps should be examined in conjunction with the description of noise exposure as part of the phased scheme.

Residential Zone

External Noise Levels

11.6.2 The former PPG 24 assessment has identified that the residential element of the site, situated to the east of the East Coast Main Line, is mostly exposed to NEC A levels during both daytime and night-time periods at Base (2013) Year.

11.6.3 The introduction of the SQLR at Opening Year (2016) is forecast to produce a reduction in traffic levels along the A52 Somerby Hill and a subsequent reduction in noise levels is expected at nearby parts of the site. The introduction of the SQLR does however induce NEC B noise levels along the southern boundary of the residential area during the daytime and night-time.

11.6.4 With the full build out of the Spitalgate Heath site at the Future Year (2031), an increase in daytime and night-time levels of around 2 dB(A) is predicted to occur when compared to the Future Year (2031) ‘without’ development situation. As a consequence, NEC B levels extend slightly further within the site from the A52 Somerby Hill to the north and the SQLR to the south during the daytime and night-time, whilst NEC C exposure similarly increases, though remains at the periphery of the north and south residential site boundaries in both periods.

Internal Noise Levels

11.6.5 It is recognised that internal noise levels will need to be established for residential properties across the site in order to fully assess the impact of noise on future residents. At this stage of the planning process site layouts for the development plots are yet to be finalised and, as a consequence, it is not possible to determine the precise location of receptors sensitive to noise. As development plots come forward the noise environment for the site will be assessed against the assessment criteria outlined in BS 8233 (2014). This is therefore why reference has been made to the former PPG 24 guidance in respect of the likely banding and sensitivity of the site to noise impacts in order to inform the layout of the plots in the least noise sensitive parts of the site.

Employment Zone

11.6.6 The employment element of the site, to the west of the East Coast Main Line, has been demonstrated to be largely exposed to NEC A noise levels during both the daytime and night-time, with NEC B levels occurring at the site boundaries closest to the B1174 and East Coast Main Line.

11.6.7 The introduction of the SQLR at Opening Year (2016) is expected to result in increased exposure to NEC B noise levels where the carriageway passes through the site. While

NEC C levels are predicted to occur close to the carriageway of the link road, these are not shown to impact on the employment units presented in the Masterplan (03295-L-14 (Revision K)).

11.6.8 As part of Future Year (2024 and 2031) assessments, the additional growth applied to the traffic levels on the B1174 and SQLR results in NEC B levels extending to cover the majority of the employment area during both the daytime and night-time periods. The inclusion of development traffic associated with the full build out of the Spitalgate Heath site in the furthest Future Year (2031) also results in NEC C levels partially extending further into the employment area. It is noted that the proposed employment units remain within NEC B exposure levels.

BS 4142 (2014) Methods for Rating and Assessing Industrial and Commercial Sound

11.6.9 There will be a requirement to consider the effects of noise generated by the proposed employment uses, particularly for B2 and B8 uses, on both proposed dwellings and existing noise sensitive receptors. Whilst the noise modelling has taken into account traffic generation relating to the employment uses as part of each associated phase of the development, as represented within the ‘with’ development noise results, noise generated by specific activities within the employment zone will be most accurately assessed at the detailed design stage of the application.

11.6.10 An assessment in accordance with BS 4142 (2014) Methods for rating and assessing industrial and commercial sound will be appropriate to assess industrial related noise and to inform a mitigation strategy for the layout and design of the units.

11.6.11 Although the Outline Planning Application includes provision for B2 general industrial uses, at this early stage when the end user is unknown it is not possible to define specific characteristics. Accordingly it has been assumed that future B2 users would be controlled by a Planning Condition that requires them to meet a ‘B1 test’ in terms of emissions and noise. If the specific end user cannot meet that test then they would be required to submit a separate Planning Application and ES if required at that time.

Building Bulletin 93: Acoustic Design of Schools (BB 93, 2003)

11.6.12 For the purposes of identifying future predictions of noise levels within the Spitalgate Heath site, the noise modelling has adopted the former PPG 24 method as agreed with the EHO. However, it will be necessary to consider noise levels appropriate to the proposed primary and secondary schools on-site in accordance with the relevant Building Bulletin 93: ‘Acoustic Design of Schools’ (2003) guidance at the detailed design stage of this element of the proposals. This assessment will be used to inform the layout and design of the educational facilities to ensure that they are appropriately designed to comply with noise criteria for internal and external teaching activities.

11.6.13 Additionally, the BB 93 assessment will be used to inform the layout of the development proposals to ensure that noise from outdoor teaching activities is appropriately mitigated to minimise any impact on residential plots within the development.

11.6.14 In addition, the potential noise effect of the proposed local centre would be considered in respect of outdoor teaching facilities. Should a sufficiently adverse noise impact be identified appropriate mitigation could be secured through a suitable Planning Condition.

Existing Non-Traffic Related Noise Sources

Industrial Noise

11.6.15 During noise monitoring at Saltersford Road (Receptor 2), intermittent noise from nearby industrial units was recorded and attributed to metal works off the B1174 to the south of Houghton Road and Albert Street. It was identified that the noise was more apparent because of the low traffic volumes on Saltersford Road in addition to the local topography. Despite occasional industrial noise in this location, it is evident from the recorded noise levels that the LAmax values were some of the lowest recorded across the study area in both the daytime and night-time periods. On this basis it is concluded that industrial noise did not have a significant impact on noise levels at the measurement location.

11.6.16 To further ascertain that existing industrial noise does not have a significant impact on the proposed development and to ensure that the methodology has sufficiently considered these noise sources, the EHO at SKDC was re-approached to clarify these conclusions. At the time of preparing this Chapter the EHO had not responded to disagree with this approach.

Rail Noise

11.6.17 As outlined within the noise methodology section earlier in this Chapter, daytime and night-time noise levels generated by the East Coast Main Line have been incorporated into the CADNA-A noise model and represented as part of the wider noise maps for Base and Future Year scenarios. To provide an accurate representation of rail noise within the noise model, working train timetable data for both passenger and freight services has been incorporated.

11.6.18 The noise maps demonstrate rail noise to contribute less to the wider noise climate at the site than traffic noise. During both daytime and night-time periods, noise from the East Coast Main Line is shown to result in marginal NEC B noise levels within the residential element of the site, whilst contributing to a slightly greater extent to the overall NEC B noise levels that occur in the employment zone.

11.6.19 Overall, the noise modelling has demonstrated rail noise to have minimal impact upon the development proposals. Nevertheless, as part of the detailed design stage it will be necessary to consider appropriate mitigation where necessary for elements of the development which lie immediately adjacent to the East Coast Main Line.

Noise Impacts for Existing Dwellings

11.6.20 To determine the potential traffic noise impacts for existing dwellings within the study area, the Department for Transport’s (DfT’s) Calculation of Expected Population Annoyed (EPA) by Noise worksheet (WebTAG 3.3.2) has been adopted.

11.6.21 This method is used to calculate the proportion of the existing population who could potentially be annoyed by noise. As a means of classifying noise annoyance, the recommended noise levels outlined in the WHO Guidelines for Community Health (1999) have been referred to.

11.6.22 To calculate the population situated within the study area, the national average of 2.4 people per household, as stated in the 2011 Census, has been used.

WebTAG Unit A3 – Environmental Impact Appraisal – Calculation of Expected Population Annoyed [EPA] by Noise

11.6.23 The distribution of the population exposed to noise, classified within 3 dB(A) bands using the DfT’s WebTAG Unit A3 worksheet, is shown in Table 11.12.

Table 11.12 Worksheet 1 – Environment: Noise-Plan Level – Calculation of

Estimated Population Annoyed (EPA) by Noise

Opening Year (2016) 15

th Year After Opening

(2031)

Noise Level (LAeq

dB(A))

Estimated Population Exposed –

Without Scheme and

Phase 1 Residential


With Scheme / Without Phase 1

Residential


With Scheme and Phase 1 Residential


With Scheme / Without Full Site Build-Out


With Scheme and

Full Site Build-Out

Day Night Day Night Day Night Day Night Day Night

<45 410 713 514 694 478 689 403 691 250 658

45<48 202 19 139 29 127 24 209 17 262 38

48<51 70 22 41 17 86 22 72 24 130 22

51<54 22 29 17 31 29 26 24 29 55 22

54<57 22 7 26 17 17 24 22 24 17 36

57<60 19 0 19 2 19 5 19 5 24 12

60<63 24 0 29 0 22 0 29 0 31 2

63<66 17 0 5 0 10 0 10 0 17 0

66<69 5 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 5 0

69<72 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

72<75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

75<78 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

78<81 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

81+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

11.6.24 In accordance with WHO recommended noise levels, 55dB LAeq-16hour is considered ‘reasonable’ for an external noise environment during the daytime. Levels of below 45 dB LAeq-8hour are considered ‘reasonable’ for an external noise environment during night-time.

11.6.25 Based on the results presented in Table 11.12, the following comparisons of predicted noise levels and the population affected can be made:

In Opening Year (2016), the population exposed to daytime noise levels above LAeq-16hour 54 dB(A) decreases from 87 persons ‘without scheme’ to 79 persons ‘with scheme, decreasing further to 70 persons with the build out of Phase 1 residential;

In Opening Year (2016), the population exposed to night-time noise levels above LAeq-8hour 45 dB(A) increases from 77 persons ‘without scheme’ to 96 persons ‘with scheme, whilst the build out of Phase 1 residential results in a further increase to 101 persons;

In Future Year (2031), the population exposed to daytime noise levels above LAeq-16hour 54 dB(A) increases by 3 persons to 82 persons ‘without scheme’ compared to Opening Year (2016) daytime levels, with a further increase of 24 persons in Future Year (2031) ‘with scheme’ conditions where 94 persons are exposed to these levels compared with 70 persons in Opening Year (2016);

In Future Year (2016), the population exposed to night-time noise levels above LAeq-8hour 45 dB(A) increases to 99 persons in ‘without scheme’ conditions when compared to the Opening Year (2016), whilst an increase of 31 persons occurs in Future Year (2031) ‘with scheme’ conditions where 132 persons are affected.

Construction Noise

11.6.26 Due to the development scale, noise will be considered at the construction phase as well as the operational phase. A Construction Management Plan (CMP) will be prepared in consultation with the EHO to ensure that noise levels associated with construction are fully accounted for and appropriately mitigated.

11.6.27 The methodology prescribed within BS 5228-1 (2009+A1:2014) ‘Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites – Part 1: Noise’ would form the basis of this element of the assessment. BS 5228-1 (2009+A1:2014) provides guidance on the prediction and measurement of noise relating to construction activities and how to determine the effects of construction noise.

11.7 Mitigation

Existing Dwellings

Noise Insulation Regulations (1988)

11.7.1 The Noise Insulation (Amended) Regulations 1988 (the Regulations) sets out criteria for determining the eligibility of residential properties for noise insulation, should a new or altered road scheme potentially impact on them.

11.7.2 To be eligible for noise insulation compensation, the following three conditions must be met:

Condition 1

Within 15 years of the new or altered highway being opened, noise from any highway must be greater than or equal to 68 dB(A) LA10-18hour (the noise level exceeded for 10% of the time in an eighteen hour period) at a facade;

Condition 2

There must be at least a 1 dB(A) increase in traffic noise level (LA10-18hour) within the 15 year period, compared to the noise level prior to construction of the new or altered highway; and

Condition 3

Post construction, the LA10 18hour noise level must increase by at least 1 dB(A) within the 15 year period. The increase in noise level must be attributable to the new or altered highway.

11.7.3 All three of the conditions must be fulfilled for a residential property to be eligible for noise insulation compensation, and once the scheme has been open to traffic for 12 months, claims can be submitted.

11.7.4 In accordance with the Regulations (1988), the changes in noise levels have been assessed 15 years after scheme opening (2031).

11.7.5 The majority of dwellings within the immediate vicinity of the development site are located to the west of the A52 Somerby Hill, whilst a number of dwellings also feature along the B1774 north of Gorse Lane.

11.7.6 Using the methodology presented in the Calculation of Road Traffic Noise (CRTN, 1988), changes in projected traffic noise levels have been calculated at locations most susceptible to changes in traffic levels.

11.7.7 Table 11.13 presents a comparison of LAeq-18hour noise levels between Opening Year (2016) ‘Do Nothing’ and 15 year Future Year (2031) ‘with SQLR’ but ‘without’ the Spitalgate Heath site built out.

Table 11.13 Estimated Change in LA10-18hour Noise Levels, 15 Years Post Opening

‘With’ SQLR

A52 Somerby Hill B1174

18-Hour Traffic Volume

LA10-18Hour

(dB(A))


LA10-18Hour

(dB(A))

Opening Year (2016)

‘Do Nothing’

34,597 68.3 16,268 65.0

Future Year (2031)

‘With SQLR’ 16,597 64.8 11,684 63.8

Difference -18,000 -3.5 -4,584 -1.2

11.7.8 As shown in the above results, due to the re-routing of traffic associated with the introduction of the SQLR, LA10-18hour noise levels at the A52 Somerby Hill and B1174 north of Gorse Lane can be expected to decrease without the Spitalgate Heath development in place.

11.7.9 Table 11.14 presents the change in LA10-18hour noise levels between Opening Year (2016) ‘Do Nothing’ and 15 years post opening (2031) ‘with’ the SQLR in place and the Spitalgate Heath site fully built out.

Table 11.14 Estimated Change in LA10-18hour Noise levels, 15 Years Post Opening

‘With’ SQLR & Full Build Out of Development

A52 Somerby Hill B1174


LA10-18Hour

(dB(A)) 18-Hour Traffic Volume

LA10-18Hour

(dB(A))

Opening Year (2016)

‘Do Nothing’

34,597 68.3 16,268 65.0

Future Year (2031)

‘With SQLR & Full Build

Out’

26,082 67.8 17,094 65.5

Difference 8,515 -0.5 826 0.5

11.7.10 The results show that, with the Spitalgate Heath site fully built out, 18-Hour traffic flows remain lower than those forecasted for the Opening Year (2016) ‘Do Nothing’ at the A52 Somerby Hill as a result of the re-routing of traffic via the SQLR. As such, noise levels remain similar to the ‘Do Nothing’ situation at both assessed locations despite a marginal increase of 0.5 dB(A) LA10-18hour in the Future Year (2031) in the vicinity of the B1174.

11.7.11 Whilst 18-Hour noise levels may be expected to approach the 68 dB(A) LA10-18Hour

threshold during Future Year (2031) ‘with’ the introduction of the SQLR and full build out of the Spitalgate Heath site, it is anticipated that noise levels will remain in line with the Opening Year ‘Do Nothing’ situation.

11.7.12 However, in order to provide an assessment of the number of properties within the vicinity of the scheme that may be eligible for noise insulation compensation it will be necessary to undertake further noise monitoring pre and post construction of the SQLR. This will determine any change in noise levels on-site and therefore enable appropriate mitigation to be scoped as part of the delivery of the scheme.

The Development Site

11.7.13 To ensure that reasonable living and working environments are maintained it is recommended that any dwellings and units constructed close to the site boundaries, where increased noise exposure occurs, should be fitted with the necessary glazing solutions capable of achieving suitable internal noise levels. The exact glazing and number of dwellings to which it should be applied will need to be considered at the detailed design stage once the location, orientation and building dimensions of the proposed development content has been decided.

11.7.14 Table 11.15 provides a summary of impacts and appropriate mitigation proposals across the study area.

Table 11.15 – Summary of Impact and Mitigation Proposals

Receptor Impact Proposed Mitigation When Required

Existing Land Use

Properties accessed from A52 Somerby Hill (North West of

Spitalgate)

Minor adverse effect.

Marginal increase

in daytime (2 dB(A)) and night-

time (2 dB(A)) noise levels in 2031

scenario with full build out of the

Proposed Development.

To be determined in accordance with the Noise Insulation and

Land Compensation Act, 1973 and Noise

Insulation Guidance, 1988.

Post-application noise assessment.

Secured by Planning

Condition.

Spitalgate Barracks


Marginal increase

in daytime (2.3 dB(A)) and night-time (2.3 dB(A))

noise levels in 2031 scenario with full build out of the






Secured by Planning

Condition.

Spitalgate Heath Farm


Marginal increase








Secured by Planning

Condition.

Water Treatment Works


Marginal increase








Secured by Planning

Condition.

Cheverley Park


Marginal increase








Secured by Planning

Condition.

Properties on Albert Street (off B1174)


Marginal increase








Secured by Planning

Condition.


Northern Boundary of Residential Zone

(adjacent to A52 Somerby Hill)


Marginal increase




A mitigation strategy for

the development proposals will be defined

on the basis of the ability to comply with the

following criteria (or using the most up to

date guidance):

WHO (1999); ‘good’ <50dB(A) LAeq and

‘reasonable’ <55dB(A) LAeq external noise.

BS8233 (2014); glazing

and ventilation standards required to achieve closed and open window noise

conditions.

Detailed design of properties to

incorporate any necessary acoustic

mitigation.

Secured by Planning Condition.

North East Boundary of Residential Zone

(adjacent to A52 Somerby Hill/ High Dike Roundabout)


Marginal increase








date guidance):




mitigation.



* BS8233 (2014);

glazing and ventilation standards required to achieve closed and open window noise

conditions.

Southern Boundary of Residential Zone

(adjacent to proposed SQLR)


Marginal increase

in daytime (2.1 dB(A)) and night-

time (2 dB(A)) noise levels in 2031

scenario with full build out of the






date guidance):



BS8233 (2014); glazing

and ventilation standards required to achieve closed and open window noise

conditions.



mitigation.


Employment Zone north of SQLR/

B1174/ Tollemache Road North Proposed

Roundabout


Marginal increase




To be determined once site user and Land

Class known.

B1 ‘test’ in terms of noise.

BS4142: ‘Methods

for Rating and Assessing Industrial

and Commercial Sound’ assessment

as sites comes forward if required.

Secured by Planning

Condition.

Employment Zone south of SQLR/

B1174/ Tollemache Road North Proposed

Roundabout


Marginal increase




To be determined once site user and Land

Class known.

B1 ‘test’ in terms of noise.

BS4142: ‘Methods

for Rating and Assessing Industrial

and Commercial Sound’ assessment

as sites comes forward if required.

Secured by Planning

Condition.

Primary and Secondary Schools

Both sites fall within NEC A and at a

significant distance from traffic and industrial noise

sources.

Minimal noise impact from

existing noise sources.

Design of schools to be undertaken in

accordance with BB 93: ‘Acoustic Design of

Schools’.

Acoustic design of educational facilities in accordance with Building Bulletin 93: ‘Acoustic Design of

Schools’ (2003).


11.8 Cumulative Assessment

11.8.1 A cumulative assessment has been undertaken as part of the Noise Assessment. The traffic forecasts are based on area-specific growth factors which incorporate anticipated changes in traffic flow levels due to the introduction of highway schemes, changes in development and the likely demand for car trips.

11.8.2 Known committed development has been accounted for, specific to Opening and Future Year scenarios. These sites have been incorporated as part of the SATURN modelling for the scheme and consequently are included within the traffic forecasts.

11.8.3 When comparing the effect of the SQLR on noise levels, the modelling demonstrates a reduction in noise at some of the more sensitive locations. This is primarily due to the predicted re-routing of traffic via the SQLR.

Committed Development

11.8.4 Committed developments in the area have been included within the traffic forecasts for the Opening Year (2016) and include a number of sites in Grantham town centre, as well as the ‘King 31’ development situated to the west. The increase in traffic levels on surrounding roads resulting from these committed developments, combined with Opening Year (2016) traffic growth, sees noise levels increase at each of the assessed receptors as can be expected.

11.8.5 When compared with the Existing (2013) situation, daytime noise levels increase by approximately 1.5 dB(A) across the study area by Opening Year (2016) ‘Do Nothing’, whilst night-time levels increase by a slightly lower margin of around 1dB at most receptors.

Southern Quadrant Link Road (SQLR)

11.8.6 In assessing the impact of the SQLR at Future Year (2031) compared to the Existing (2013) situation, the SQLR has the greatest noise reduction benefit along the A52 Somerby Hill where a maximum reduction of 2 dB(A) occurs in both daytime and night-time periods.

11.8.7 Noise levels are however forecast to increase along the B1174 to the west as a result of the SQLR, though remain within 1 dB(A) difference during the daytime and night-time and are therefore unlikely to lead to noise disturbance.

11.8.8 Further south of Gorse Lane however, noise levels are forecast to increase by between 5 dB(A) and 7 dB(A) at the junction with the SQLR as a result of traffic re-routing via the SQLR. Whilst it has been demonstrated that the proposed employment units are likely to lie within NEC B criteria during the daytime and night-time and noise is therefore

unlikely to be of concern, the potential for mitigation in this location should remain a consideration.

11.8.9 Overall, the SQLR has negligible impact on the Existing (2013) noise environment and in a number of instances is shown to provide benefit to noise levels, particularly at noise sensitive locations where existing housing is sited, notably at the A52 Somerby Hill.

Spitalgate Heath Development

11.8.10 When assessing the noise impacts relating to the full build-out of the Spitalgate Heath development, as demonstrated in the Future Year (2031) ‘with SQLR’ and ‘with development’ scenario, the modelling demonstrates an increase of around 2 dB(A) at each receptor throughout the study area during both daytime and night-time periods (compared to the Future Year (2031) ‘without’ development scenario).

11.8.11 It is important to consider that the receptors have been assigned to some of the most exposed elements of the study area to traffic noise in order to present ‘worst-case’ noise levels. As a consequence, in most cases both existing dwellings and the development proposals are expected to experience lower noise exposure compared to the levels represented at the receptors. The pre and post construction noise monitoring will more accurately identify changes in noise levels and will be used to determine the extent of mitigation required as part of the development.

11.8.12 Overall, the noise impacts resulting from the Spitalgate Heath development are negligible which is partly attributable to the ability of the SQLR to more evenly distribute development traffic on surrounding roads therefore minimising any increases in traffic noise.

Little Ponton Quarry

11.8.13 It is understood that there are plans to open the quarry to potentially provide construction materials for the SQLR and the new development as well as other construction projects in the area.

11.8.14 A noise impact assessment was undertaken for Little Ponton Quarry which makes reference to the Spitalgate Heath scheme and indicates that it has been considered in relation to mitigation.

11.8.15 The noise impact assessment identified a range of potential mitigation options:

Soils stripped from the site be used to construct screening bunds of up to 3 metres in height along the site boundary;

The working method is designed so that working is towards the closest noise sensitive properties. As a consequence the working face of the quarry will act as an effective noise baffle;

The site operator will be required to follow the best operational practice, which includes, but is not necessarily limited to, the following:

The fitting and maintenance of effective silencers to all plant engines;

All plant engines, wherever practical, will be operated with doors or cowls closed;

Avoidance of unnecessary revving of engines; and

Maintenance of all plant engines in good working order and in line manufacturer instructions.

11.9 Magnitude of Change

11.9.1 A summary of the environmental appraisal results relating to noise has been provided:

ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL RESULTS

Description of Receptor Description of Potential Effect Description of Residual Effect

Receptor Sensitivity

Effect - Guidelines for Noise Impact

Assessment ‘Significance in Change in Noise Level Criteria’

Stage Duration Magnitude Potential

Significance Summary of Mitigation

Residual Effect

Residual Significa

nce

Name or description of receptor

External = Existing Receptor external to the development

Internal = Receptor located within the development

High, Moderate or Low

A: 2031 ‘With SQLR/ Without Development’ LAeq-T

B: 2031 ‘With SQLR/ With Development’ LAeq-T

C: Change in Noise Level LAeq-T

Construction

or

Operation

Temporary or Permanent

Substantial/ Moderate/ Minor

beneficial, Neutral/

Negligible, Minor/ Moderate/ Substantial

adverse

Substantial/ Moderate/ Minor

beneficial, Neutral/ Negligible, Minor/

Moderate/ Substantial

adverse

Avoidance, Reduction, Compensation, Remediation

or Enhancement

Beneficial or

Adverse

Major, Minor,

Moderate or

Negligible

Receptor 1 (External)

Properties accessed from A52 Somerby Hill (North West of Spitalgate)

Moderate

Daytime

A: 70.7dB(A) LAeq-16hour

B: 72.7dB(A) LAeq-16hour

C: +2.0dB(A) LAeq-16hour

Operation Permanent

Minor Adverse Minor Adverse

None Negligible

Moderate

Night-time

A: 62.7dB(A) LAeq-8hour

B: 64.7dB(A) LAeq-8hour


Minor Adverse Minor Adverse None Negligible


Spitalgate Barracks

Moderate

Daytime

A: 61.7(A) LAeq-16hour

B: 64.0(A) LAeq-16hour



Moderate

Night-time






Spitalgate Heath Farm

Moderate

Daytime




Operation Permanent


None Negligible

Moderate

Night-time






Water Treatment Works

Low

Daytime





Low

Night-time






Cheverley Park

Moderate

Daytime





Moderate

Night-time






Properties on Albert Street (off B1174)

Moderate

Daytime




Operation Permanent


None Negligible

Moderate

Night-time





Receptor 7 (Internal)

Northern Boundary of Residential Zone (adjacent to A52 Somerby Hill)

Moderate

Daytime





Moderate

Night-time






North East Boundary of Residential Zone (adjacent to A52 Somerby Hill/ High Dike

Roundabout)

Moderate

Daytime





Moderate

Night-time






Southern Boundary of Residential Zone (adjacent to proposed SQLR)

Moderate

Daytime




Operation Permanent


None Negligible

Moderate

Night-time






Employment Zone north of SQLR/ B1174/ Tollemache Road North Proposed

Roundabout

Moderate

Daytime





Moderate

Night-time






Employment Zone south of SQLR/ B1174/ Tollemache Road North Proposed

Roundabout

Moderate

Daytime





Moderate

Night-time





11.10 Conclusions

11.10.1 The Noise Assessment has established the noise environment at the development site and considered the potential noise impacts associated of the development on the surrounding area.

11.10.2 A CADNA-A noise model has been developed for the purpose of assessing noise as part of the proposals, which has been validated against measurements recorded on-site to ensure an accurate reflection of noise.

11.10.3 Noise monitoring has demonstrated traffic noise to be the dominant noise source across the study area and shown traffic noise levels to be consistent across the surveyed hours when considering both average and peak noise levels. This indicates the likelihood of minimal noise disturbance during resting / sleeping hours due the absence of noticeable peaks of noise.

11.10.4 Whilst industrial noise from existing sources was noticeable during the monitoring, largely at the north west periphery of the site, the recorded noise levels have shown these to have minimal bearing on the noise climate during either the daytime or night-time based on peak noise levels. Nevertheless, the noise model has been validated using the noise monitoring data with modelled noise levels identifying a close correlation to noise levels recorded on-site to account for background noise sources at the selected receptors.

11.10.5 Using the former Planning Policy Guidance 24 (PPG 24) methodology, it has been demonstrated that the proposals largely lay within acceptable noise exposure levels, with higher (NEC C) noise levels occurring closer to the surrounding highways at the site boundaries. The base scenario results have determined noise levels at the Site to be in the range of 44.6 to 64.8 dB(A) LAeq-16hour in the daytime and 37.4 to 57.6 dB(A) LAeq-8hour during the night-time, indicating that ‘worst-case’ noise levels (at the site boundary) are at the lower scale of NEC C during both periods.

11.10.6 The attraction of the proposed SQLR as an alternative route has been shown to divert significant levels of traffic away from the A52 Somerby Hill, which has been demonstrated to be the greatest source of traffic noise in the study area. In turn this will reduce noise levels at existing dwellings located along the A52 Somerby Hill.

11.10.7 As a result of the introduction of the proposed SQLR and its effect of diverting traffic from existing roads, it has been demonstrated that, with the full build out of the development at Future Year (2031), noise levels remain similar to existing traffic noise levels.

11.10.8 An additional assessment has been undertaken using the Department for Transport’s (DfT’s) Calculation of Expected Population Annoyed (EPA) by Noise worksheet (WebTAG 3.3.2) to assess the impact of the development site on the existing population within the study area. The recommended World Health Organisation (WHO,1999) daytime and night-time noise levels have been used as the determining factor to identify the potential for noise annoyance. Whilst it has been identified that the introduction of the SQLR is likely to result in fewer residents experiencing noise annoyance when compared to the ‘Do Nothing’ situation, it can be expected that the build out of the development will result in an increase in the proportion of the population annoyed by noise.

11.10.9 To understand the likelihood of existing dwellings being eligible for noise compensation under the Land Compensation Act (1973) as a result of the proposals, further assessment of noise levels has been carried out using the Noise Insulation Regulations (1988) guidance. Noise levels have been calculated at the most exposed residential

areas of the study area to traffic noise, namely at the A52 Somerby Hill and B1174 north of Gorse Lane. In assessing noise levels 15 years post opening of the development (Future Year (2031)), it is shown that, largely as a result of the re-routing of traffic via the SQLR, noise levels at the assessed locations decrease compared with Opening Year (2016) ‘Do Nothing’ levels. Therefore it is estimated that the Project is unlikely to have significant impact on existing dwellings in the vicinity of the site.

11.10.10 However, it will be necessary to undertake further noise monitoring pre and post construction of the SQLR in order to accurately identify changes in noise levels and to determine the exact number of properties eligible for noise compensation. This will also determine any change in noise levels at the site and therefore enable appropriate mitigation to be scoped as part of the delivery of the scheme.

11.10.11 Whilst the noise assessment has largely considered the effects of traffic noise at both proposed and existing noise sensitive receptors, demonstrating there to be minimal change in traffic noise levels associated with both the development and the SQLR, it will be necessary to continue to consider the assessment of non-traffic related noise sources beyond the Outline Planning Application stage. This will include consideration of any noise generated by the employment and local centre uses in addition to assessing the effect of outdoor teaching activities at the proposed schools upon future residents. These assessments will be appropriate to inform the detailed design stage of the proposals and to identify an appropriate mitigation strategy for the scheme once a more detailed masterplan has been derived for the scheme.

11 Noise - South Kesteven District Council

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