8/16/2019 Wacana Sbmptn - Nur Alfi Laela

1/2

SBMPTN 2014

Ecotourism is defined as 'purposeful travel that creates an understanding of cultural andnatural history, while safeguarding the integrity of the ecosystem and producing economic benefits that encourage conservation'. The definition recognizes that ecotourism is an important

educational tool. Real life exposure to a natural situation in the accompaniment of an experienced

guide leads a greater increase in knowledge than real life exposure without a guide, or exposureto a knowledgeable guide in an artificial setting.

ore than !" years ago, #wiss psychologist $ean %iaget studied the development of human

cognitive capability and its dynamic relationship with the physical world. &e viewed cognitive

development as an interaction between physical maturation of the brain and environmentallyinduced changes in learning. &e observed that, as children grow, they proceed through a series of 

increasingly abstract thinking styles. %iaget demonstrated that a primary motivation for learningis resolution of cognitive conflict, which he described as 'diseuilibrium'.

(orrowing upon principles of cognitive psychology, my colleagues and ) have developed aninterpretive model for presenting information about marine mammals and their ocean

environment during whale*watch excursions in &awaii and +ustralia. The model has more

recently been extended to include snorkeling excursions to coral reef areas near aui, &awaii.

Its application can be examined in the context of a typical .! h commercial whale*watch tripaboard a %acific -hale oundation passenger vessel to observe humpback whales in &awaii.

Each whale*watch trip is a different venture, controlled by such variable factors as the number 

and type of passengers, weather conditions, what the whales choose to do /or not to do, as thecase may be0, the type of vessel, and the experience of the captain. 1onetheless, it is possible to

view the trip as a structured experience, and to guide participants through an educational

seuence that has very clear goals and ob2ectives that can be monitored and evaluated over time.

/+dapted from 3cean 4 5oastal anagement ", 6778, pp, 9:*;0

6. -hat is the topic of the text<

a. =efinition of ecotourism b. >earning through excursions

c. Ecotourism as learning resources

d. )nfluences of environment in learning induction

e. >earning controlled by environmental variables

. %aragraph ? implies that ....

a. an education is for fun b. the guide is the instructor

c. the captain organizes the trip @

d. learning is through experiencinge. participants are evaluated at the end of the trip

8. The text mentions all of the following, EA5E%T ...a. additional important benefits of ecotourism

 b. impact of ecotourism on environment understanding

c. excursions because of various independent variables

d. brain and environment interaction influencing cognitive growthe. the interpretive model covering both waters and terrestrial excursion

?. The purpose of the text is to ....a. describe the development of an interpretive model of ecotourism

 b. explain the influence of %iaget's cognitive theory of learning on ecotourism

c. show that ecotourism can be interpreted contextually as excursionsd. discuss the relevance of a learning theory with ecotourism as education

e. define ecotourism from theories of learning and their application

!. The word BitsB /line 6!0 refers to ....

8/16/2019 Wacana Sbmptn - Nur Alfi Laela

2/2

a. interpretive model

 b. extended modelc. marine mammal trip

d. whale*watch programme

e. environment*based model

9. -hich of the following can best replace the word BventureB /line 6:0<

a. effort

 b. coursec. activity

d. pleasure

e. experience

PROBLEM SET

1. Topik yang dibahas oleh teks di atas adalah ecotourism sebagai sarana bela2ar. &altersebut dapat kita peroleh dari ide pokok paragraf pertama yang men2elaskan definisi dari

ecotourism dan hubungannya dengan pendidikan. %aragraf selan2utnya men2elaskan

 penelitian dan pengaplikasian dari ecotourism. $adi 2awabannya adalah C

2. =aragraf ke*? menceritakan tentang bela2ar melalui pengalaman. #eperti yang terdapat

 pada kalimat terakhir paragraf ke*? B... it is possible to view the trip as a structured

experience, and to guide participants through an educational seuence ...B (erarti

 2awabannya adalah D8. odel interpretasi yang ada pada teks di atas hanya model perairan. #eperti kutipan pada

 paragraf ke*8 B) have developed an interpretive model for presenting information about

marine mammals and their ocean environmentB. $adi 2awabannya adalah E?. Tu2uan dari teks di atas adalah men2elaskan ecotourism secara teori dan aplikasinya.

%aragraf 6 dan men2elaskan ecotourism secara teori sedangkan paragraf 8 dan ?

men2elaskan contoh aplikasi dari ecotourism. $adi 2awabannya adalah E!. Cata BitsB pada paragraf terakhir mengacu pada kata interpretive model pada kalimat

 pertama, namun di2adikan extended model pada kalimat terakhir paragraf ke*8.

(erdasarkan kutipan pada paragraf ke*8 B.... my colleagues and ) have developed an

interpretive model for presenting information about .... The model has more recently been

extended to include snorkeling excursions to coral reef areas near aui, &awaii.B $adi

 2awabannya adalah B

6. Cata venture pada paragraf ke*? dapat diganti dengan kata experience yang berarti

 pengalaman. +rti dari kalimatnya men2adi B#etiap per2alanan melihat paus merupakan

 pengalaman yang berbeda, bergantung pada beberapa faktor seperti 2umlah dan tipe

 penumpang, kondisi cuaca, apa yang paus lakukan dan tidak lakukan, tipe kapal, dan

 pengalaman dari kapten kapalB. $adi 2awabannya adalah E