Soot-free Urban Bus Fleet for the Greater Jakarta TOR... · National Public Consultation, 2 – 3...
Transcript of Soot-free Urban Bus Fleet for the Greater Jakarta TOR... · National Public Consultation, 2 – 3...
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National Public Consultation Triple-benefit to Reduce GHG, Improve Air Quality and Rise Economic Benefits
Pullman Hotel Jakarta, 2 – 3 May 2019
12th Floor Sarinah Building, Jalan MH Thamrin # 11 Jakarta Indonesia 10350
Phone: +62-21-3190 6807 Fax: +62-21-315 3401 e-mail: [email protected], www.kpbb.org
Soot-free Urban Bus Fleet for the Greater Jakarta
Kementerian PPN BAPPENAS
Kementerian Perhubungan Badan Pengelola Transportasi JABODETABEK
Supporting by
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Executive Summary
An intervention to reduce air pollution and green-house gas from transportation is to implement soot-
free urban bus fleets program or promoting clean buses to serve urban mobility with low emissions that
concerns to the local air pollution as well as global greenhouse gas.
Today, Jakarta is successful to implement soot-free buses by using CNG Buses for BRT Trans Jakarta
since 2006, especially procuring number of newest CNG buses with Euro 6 Standard in 2015. For real
emphasizing soot-free buses in the cities in Indonesia, it is timely to implement fuel economy and
adopting lower emission vehicle standard in order to mitigate air pollution, and green-house gas emission
from transportation. The soot-free urban bus fleets action is driven to achieve triple among to improve
air quality, save the climate as well as trigger economic growth. And the next agendas are FGD and
Public Consultation that are addressed to accelerate the implementation of soot-free urban bus fleet in
the Greater Jakarta through promoting e-bus; by emphasizing cooperation among related stakeholder,
identify technological options, and binding commitment to gain participation related stakeholder.
Contact: Nurul, Mega, Fitri Secretariat:
12th Floor Sarinah Building, Jalan MH Thamrin # 11 Jakarta Indonesia 10350 Phone: +62-21-3190 6807 Fax: +62-21-315 3401
e-mail: [email protected], www.kpbb.org, fb: KPBB, twitter: @infokpbb
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Soot-free Urban Bus Fleet: Triple-benefit to Reduce GHG, Improve Air Quality and Rise Economic Benefits Term of Reference National Public Consultation, 2 – 3 May 2019 Background
Air pollution is a serious threat for people
who living in urban with high density of traffic.
According to WHO (2016, p. 12), on its latest
report states that environmental health risk
generates the worst single impact that is air
pollution exposure. It is categorized as the
world’s silent killer where it represents one
mortality out of total nine mortalities worldwide.
In other words, annually, it is roughly estimated
that 7 million death is brought about by air
pollution (WHO, 2014). Jakarta as the capital
city of Indonesia; is suffered by severe air
pollution. It is affirmed by a study conducted by
the United Nations
Environment Program
(UNEP) et al. in 2012 (cited
in Kusumaningtyas et al.
2018) states that people
living in Jakarta suffer
multiple pains, not only in
terms of the quantity of
inhabitants which is more
than 57.8% of inhabitants in
Jakarta have diseases which
relates to the air pollution
exposure, but also
healthcare expense that
must be paid is 38.5 trillion
rupiah. Nowadays, the air pollution is a single
risk in the world that threats to the sustainability
of environment and health.
Besides air pollution, it has been reported that
people activities such as business, industry,
residencies and land use in global scale dominate
the rising of emissions of greenhouse gases
(United States Environmental Agency (EPA)
2016, p. 1). High level emissions from various
people’s activities, such as transportation
sectors, fuels used by fleets and deforestation
also generate the increasing of greenhouse gas
emissions that impact to the global warming.
Greenhouse gas that is emitted such as carbon
dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous
oxide (N2O) and ozone (O3) (United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2016,
p. 1 & 5). According to Thomas and López
(2015, p. 1) global warming impacts to the
intensity of natural disaster such as flooding,
storms, droughts and heat waves.
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In Indonesia, the effort to reduce the emission
facing many obstacles. According to Sukarno et
al. (2015, p. 1) road transport in big cities
dominates more than 90% of fossil fuel
demand. Moreover, the trend of motor vehicle
use is increasingly surging, where according to
Sukarno et al. (2015, p. 1 & 3) that the growth
of private motor vehicle nearly 12% per year
while the growth of public transport is only 2%
per year during observation period from 2000-
2013. Specifically, motorcycle shows impressive
ratio which is one motorcycle ownership in
every 4 (four) people domestically. Surely it
generates the energy depletion, and emits more
GHGs while road transportation in Indonesia
shares 173 MtonCO2e (KPBB, 2017).
It is strongly needed to redesign the effort to
hamper the speed of energy depletion as a
strategic step to reduce emission. A study (Fia
Foundation 2009) launches the 50by50
challenges, that mean by 2050 all people in this
planet must reduce fuel consumption to be 50%
per-capita of current energy situation today.
Indonesia adopts it by reforming the vehicle
standard that is able to reduce fuel
consumption, as a part of fuel economy policy
in the transportation sector.
Indonesia will adopt Euro 4/IV vehicle standard
in 2021. According to Bandivadekar (2014, p. 3)
the implementation of Euro 4/IV standard for
new vehicles in Jakarta is a necessary first step to
alleviate air pollution from the fleets. According
to Safrudin (2018) economic benefit that will be
rising due to adopting Euro 4/IV equivalent
standards for new vehicles in Indonesia by 2021
is IDR 1,970 trillion from cost reduction for
health care, production saving and fuel
efficiency from 2015 to 2030. If only Indonesia
adopts Euro 4/IV equivalent standard for its
new vehicles only in Jakarta by 2016, economic
benefit could raise to IDR 3,973 trillion ~ US$
397.3 billion.
By adopting advance technology will also
reinforce the competitive advantage of national
automotive industry. Empirical study by
Bandivadekar (2014, p. 6) clearly shows that
adopting Euro 2/II-equivalent emission
standard for all new vehicles in 2007 for
Indonesia is a long delay compared to other
ASEAN countries. While other neighboring
countries such as Thailand and Malaysia adopted
that in 1997 and 2001, respectively (Clean Air
Asia, 2008). Now those two countries are one
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step ahead to adopt Euro 4/IV equivalent
standards both in 2012. (Bandivadekar 2014, p.
6). In the Indonesia-investment (March 27 2018, p.
1) now Thailand shows fantastic progress where
it remains in the top among all ASEAN
countries that becomes a market leader of car
producer; Indonesia-investment Thailand seized
Indonesia’s position since 2002 (KPBB, 2005).
Taking into consideration of that issue, intensive
dialog was conducted and lead by Ministry of
Environment in September – December 2013
that involved key stakeholders and key decision
makers, such as Ministry of Energy, Ministry of
Industry, Ministry of Transportation, Ministry of
Finance, Ministry Research and Technology,
automotive industry, oil industry, universities,
and NGOs. That dialogue agreed to accelerate
the adoption of Euro 4 Vehicle Standard by
2016. During the dialogue, Pertamina agreed to
supply appropriate fuel quality that is needed by
modifying the refineries in Balongan, and
Balikpapan, moreover Pertamina was committed
to construct a new refinery to fulfill nation-wide
fuel demand. Until in June 2017, President and
Vice President of Republic Indonesia ordered to
accelerate implementation Euro 4 Standard by
2017, then Minister of Environment and
Forestry signed the decree toward the standard
on 10 March 2017.
Another intervention to reduce air pollution and
green-house gas from transportation is to
implement soot-free buses program or
promoting clean buses to serve urban mobility
with low emissions that concerns to the local air
pollution as well as global greenhouse gas. We
have started serial of meetings/discussions that
were conducted in June 29, July 21 2016 in
Jakarta and August 29 2016 in Busan, Korea.
Then in Jakarta on 27 – 28 October 2016 it was
followed up with International Workshop on
Soot-free Urban Bus Fleet which was involved
by 5 Asian megacities.
Jakarta is successful to implement soot-free
buses by using CNG Buses for BRT Trans
Jakarta since 2006, especially procuring number
of newest CNG buses with Euro 6 Standard in
2015. For real emphasizing soot-free buses in
the cities in Indonesia, it is timely to implement
fuel economy and adopting lower emission
vehicle standard in order to mitigate air
pollution, and green-house gas emission from
transportation. Ministry of National
Development Planning, Ministry of
Transportation, Ministry of Industry,
Government of DKI Jakarta, BPTJ, Trans
Jakarta, ICCT and KPBB which is supported by
IKI Germany; are triggered to achieve these by
conducting co-benefit between to improve air
quality as well as greenhouse gas reduction. And
the next activities are FGD and Public
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Consultation that are addressed to accelerate the
implementation of soot-free urban bus fleet in
the Greater Jakarta.
Objectives: 1. To support the joint cooperation among
local governments in the Greater Jakarta
area to identify the strategy and action plan
to reduce air pollution as well as greenhouse
gas.
2. To identify technical and non-technical
activities to reduce local air pollution and
global greenhouse gas that have been
formulated in the policy paper of soot-free
urban bus fleet in the Greater Jakarta area.
3. To binding commitment among related
stakeholder to reduce local air pollution and
global greenhouse gas in the framework of
soot-free urban bus fleet in the Greater
Jakarta area.
Activities: Title of Activity : National Public Consultation on Soot-free Buses: Triple-benefit to Reduce
GHG, Improve Air Quality and Rise Economic Benefits Date and Venue : 2 – 3 May 2019 at Pullman Hotel Jakarta, Jl MH Thamrin 59 Jakarta Participants : 200 people representing related stakeholder Organizers : ICCT and KPBB Supporting : Ministry of Development Planning/BAPPENAS, Ministry of Transport,
BPTJ, Government of DKI Jakarta, Trans Jakarta, Ministry of Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety – Germany.
Agenda:
THE DAY 1, Thursday, 2 May 2019
12:00 – 13:00 Registration and refreshments
13:00 - 13:07 Welcome and Introductions, Ahmad Safrudin, KPBB
13:07 – 13:15 Progress toward Global Soot-Free Urban Bus Fleets Project
Zifei Yang, International Council on Clean Transportation
13:15 – 13:25 Speech by Head of The Greater Jakarta Transportation Authority (BPTJ)
Bambang Prihartono 13:25 – 13:35 Speech by German Ambassador for Republic of Indonesia
HE Michael Freiherr von Ungern-Sternberg
13:35 – 14:00 Speech “Jakarta vision on Soot-free Urban Bus Fleet” and Opening
HE H Anies R Baswedan, SE, MPP, PhD, Governor of Province of DKI Jakarta
14:00 – 14:30 Keynote Speakers:
HE Prof Dr Bambang Soemantri Brodjonegoro, Minister of National Development Planning “Triple-benefits of Soot-free Urban Bus Fleet: CO2 Reduction, Air Quality Improvement and Economic Benefit Rising”.
14:30 – 15:00 Press Conference
Coffee/Tea Break
Policy and Technical Options for Soot-Free Urban Buses in Jakarta
15:00 – 17:00 Global View on Soot-free Bus and Heavy Duty Vehicle Emission Standard
Zifei Yang, ICCT (International Council on Clean Transportation)
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Soot-free Urban Bus Fleet at the National Transportation Program
Budi Setiyadi, DG Land Transportation, Ministry of Transportation
Soot-free Buses in the Framework of the Greater Jakarta Transportation Master Plan
Bambang Prihartono, Head of BPTJ (JABODETABEK Public Transportation Management Authority)
Implementation and Challenges Soot-Free Urban Bus Fleet in DKI Jakarta
Agung Wicaksono, President Director PT Trans Jakarta
Q/A and Discussion
17:00 – 19:00 Welcome Party
THE DAY 2, Friday, 3 May 2019
Morning Session - Lesson Learned
09:00 – 09:10 Resume of the Day 1
09:10 – 09:30 Lessons Learned: Trolley Bus in San Francisco
SFMTA, San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (video teleconference)
Industry Readiness on Soot-Free Bus Engine Technology
09:30 – 09:40 Scania
Harijadi Mawardi, General Manager, PT United Tractors TBK
09:40 – 09:50 BYD/Bakri Auto-part
Harry Iskandar, GM Electric Vehicle, BYD Indonesia/Bakri Group
09:50 – 10:00 Hino
Kristijanto, Director, PT Hino Motor Manufacturing Indonesia
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10:00 – 10:10 Mercedes
Marcus Villinger, PT Daimler Commercial Vehicle Indonesia
10:10 – 10:20 Mobil Anak Bangsa
B Prabowo Kertoleksono, GM Business Development, PT Mobil Anak Bangsa
10:20 – 11:00 Q/A and Discussion
11:00 Coffee/Tea and Snack to be served in the meeting room
Energy Options for Soot-Free Urban Bus Fleets
11:00 – 11:15 CNG Supply for Bus Fleets in Jakarta
Achmad Herry Syarifuddin, Operating Director, PT PERTAMINA GAS
11:15– 11:30 Planning and Challenges to Supply Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Supply
Syafii Triyono, Vice President Project Planning and Development, Pertamina
11:30 – 13:15 Friday Praying, and Refreshment
13:15 – 13:30 Charging Network of Battery Electrified Bus for Soot-free Bus Fleets in PRC
TBD, PRC (video teleconference)
13:30 – 13:45 Readiness of Electricity Supply for Electrified Bus Fleets in the Greater Jakarta
Muhammad Ikhsan Asaad, PT PLN, State Owned Electricity Company
13:45 – 14:15 Q/A and Discussion
14:15 – 15:15 Working Group Discussion: Next Steps for Soot-free Bus in the Greater Jakarta
Lead by Daud Joseph – Trans Jakarta
Working groups will be organized to discuss toward technical, and energy options, formulation policy and regulation, and green procurement to facilitate the acceleration of implementation soot-free urban bus fleets in the Greater Jakarta. The working group would be divided in 4 groups as follow:
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Working Group 1: Technical Options
Working Group 2: Energy Options
Working Group 3: Policy and Regulation
Working Group 4: Green Procurement
15:15 Coffee/Tea and Snack to be served in the meeting room
15:15 - 16:00 Plenary Session
Report from Working Groups
16:00 – 17:00 Wrap-up: Concluded and Recommendation
Conclusion
Recommendation
The Next Steps
Closing by Ikhwan Hakim Director of Transportation – BAPPENAS
END of EVENT
References
1. Bandivadekar, A, 2014, Opportunities to Reduce Vehicle Emissions in Jakarta, viewed March 24, 2019,
https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/ICCT_Jakarta-briefing_20141210.pdf
2. Fia Foundation 2009, Making Cars 50% More Fuel Efficient by 2050 Worldwide, viewed March 22 2019,
https://www.fiafoundation.org/media/44140/50by50-report-2009.pdf
3. Indonesia-investment 2018, ‘Automotive Industry ASEAN: Indonesia Lags Behind Thailand’, March 27 2018, p.1,
viewed March 24, 2019 https://www.indonesia-investments.com/news/todays-headlines/automotive-industry-asean-
indonesia-lags-behind-thailand/item8689
4. Kusumaningtyas S, Aldrian E, Wati T, Atmoko D, Sunaryo 2018, ‘The Recent State of Ambient Air Quality in Jakarta’,
Aerosol and Air Quality Research, vol. 18, no. 2343–2354, viewed March 22 2019,
http://www.aaqr.org/files/article/6685/18_AAQR-17-10-MAPS-0391_2343-2354.pdf
5. Safrudin, A 2018, Status and Roadmap Vehicle and Emission Standard in Indonesia, viewed March 24, 2019,
http://cleanairasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Ahmad-Safrudin-Vehicle-Emission-Standard-in-Indonesia.pdf
6. Safrudin, A; et al, Cost Benefit Analysis on Fuel Quality and Fuel Economy Initiative in Indonesia, UNEP, 2012
7. Safrudin, A 2018, Low Carbon Emission Vehicle Standard in Indonesia, Better Air Quality, Kuching, 2018.
8. Sukarno I, Matsumoto H, Susanti L 2016, ‘Transportation energy consumption and emissions - a view from city of
Indonesia’, Future Cities and Environment, no. 2-6, viewed March 24, 2019
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4bf6/95a9cc378588cbc4fba8d538b47c21798851.pdf
9. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2016, Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions, viewed March 22
2019, https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-08/documents/print_global-ghg-emissions-2016.pdf
10. Thomas and López 2014, ‘Global Increase in Climate-Related Disasters’, ADB Economics Working Paper Series, vol.
466, viewed March 22 2019, https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/176899/ewp-466.pdf
11. World Health Organization (WHO) 2014, ‘7 million deaths linked to air pollution annually’, Department of Public Health,
Environmental and Social Determinants of Health, vol. 63, viewed March 22 2019, https://www.who.int/phe/eNews_63.pdf
12. World Health Organization (WHO) 2016, Ambient Air Pollution: A global assessment of exposure and burden of
disease, viewed March 22, https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/250141/9789241511353-
eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Photos: Courtesy of Trans Jakarta, Liputan6.com, Antara, Tribun News.
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