381/UN40.A7.DI/PI/2019

PENGARUH ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP

KINERJA USAHA (Survei pada Sentra Industri Keramik Kebon Jayanti, Bandung)

SKRIPSI

Oleh

Abdul Rosyid Syarifuddin

1404037

FAKULTAS PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI DAN BISNIS

UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA

2019

PENGARUH ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP

KINERJA USAHA

(Survei pada Industri Kreatif Keramik Kebon Jayanti, Bandung)

Oleh:

Abdul Rosyid Syarifuddin

1404037

Sebuah skripsi yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh

gelar Sarjana pada Fakultas Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Bisnis

©Abdul Rosyid Syarifuddin

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Agustus 2019

Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang.

Skripsi ini tidak boleh diperbanyak seluruhnya atau sebagian, dengan dicetak

ulang, difotokopi, atau cara lainnya tanpa ijin dari penulis

PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN ISI SKRIPSI

Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi dengan judul “Pengaruh

Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja Usaha (Survei pada

Industri Kreatif Keramik Kebon Jayanti, Bandung)” beserta seluruh

isinya adalah benar-benar karya saya sendiri, dan saya tidak melakukan

penjiplakan atau pengutipan dengan cara-cara yang tidak sesuai dengan etika

keilmuan yang berlaku dalam masyarakat keilmuan.

Atas pernyataan ini, saya siap menanggung resiko atau sanksi yang

dijatuhkan kepada saya apabila kemudian adanya pelanggaran terhadap etika

keilmuan dalam karya saya ini, atau ada klaim dari pihak lain terhadap

keaslian karya saya ini.

Bandung, Agustus 2019

Yang Membuat Pernyataan

Abdul Rosyid Syarifuddin

ABSTRACT

Abdul Rosyid Syarifuddin (1404037), “The Effect of Entrepreneurial

Orientation on Business Performance (Survey at Bandung Kebon Jayanti

Ceramics Central Industry)”. The study is conducted under the guidance of

Dr. Hj. B Lena Nuryanti S, M.Pd. and Drs. H. Rd. Dian H. Utama, M.Si.

Entrepreneurship is one of the factors that influence the economy of a

country. In the world of entrepreneurship mature strategic planning is needed

to get high performance in producing competitive and superior business.

Business performance can be improved by implementing entrepreneurial

orientation. This study aims to obtain (1) description of innovative; (2)

description of proactive; (3) description of risk taking; (4) description of

entrepreneurial orientation; (5) description of business performance; (6)

influence of innovative on business performance; (7) influence of proactive

on business performance; (8) influence of risk taking on business

performance; (9) influence of entrepreneurial orientation on business

performance. The research method used is the explanatory survey method

with a saturated sample of 35 respondents. The data analysis technique used

path analysis with the SPSS 24.0 for Windows program. Based on the results

of data analysis conducted, it was concluded that entrepreneurial orientation

has a positive effect on business performance with high category influence

and helps companies gain or maintain market share. The author recommends

that the Center for Kebon Jayanti Ceramics Industry in Bandung City pay

more attention to entrepreneurial orientation factors which include

innovative, proactive, and risk-taking, to be able to improve business

performance.

Keyword: entrepreneurial orientation, business performance, Bandung

Kebon Jayanti Ceramics Central Industry

ABSTRAK

Abdul Rosyid Syarifuddin (1404037), “Pengaruh Orientasi

Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja Usaha (Survei pada Sentra Industri

Keramik Kebon Jayanti, Bandung)”. Dibawah bimbingan Dr. Hj. B Lena

Nuryanti S, M.Pd. dan Drs. H. Rd. Dian H. Utama, M.Si.

Kewirausahaan merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh dalam bidang

ekonomi suatu Negara. Dalam dunia kewirausahaan diperlukan perencanaan

strategi yang matang sehingga mendapatkan kinerja yang tinggi dalam

menghasilkan usaha yang kompetitif dan unggul. Kinerja usaha dapat

ditingkatkan salah satunya dengan mengimplementasikan orientasi

kewirausahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh (1) gambaran

inovatif; (2) gambaran proaktif; (3) gambaran pengambilan resiko; (4)

gambaran orientasi kewirausahaan; (5) gambaran kinerja usaha; (6) pengaruh

inovatif terhadap kinerja usaha; (7) pengaruh proaktif terhadap kinerja usaha;

(8) pengambilan resiko terhadap kinerja usaha; (9) pengaruh orientasi

kewirausahaan terhadap kinerja usaha. Metode penelitian yang digunakan

adalah metode explanatory survey dengan sampel jenuh yang berjumlah

sebanyak 35 responden. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan path analysis

dengan alat bantu program SPSS 24.0 for Windows. Berdasarkan hasil analisa

data yang dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa orientasi kewirausahaan

berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja usaha dengan pengaruh berkategori

tinggi dan membantu perusahaan memperoleh atau mempertahankan pangsa

pasar. Penulis merekomendasikan agar Sentra Industri Keramik Kebon

Jayanti Kota Bandung dapat lebih memperhatikan faktor orientasi

kewirausahaan yaitu meliputi inovatif, proaktif, dan pengambilan resiko,

untuk dapat meningkatkan kinerja usaha.

Kata kunci: orientasi kewirausahaan, kinerja usaha, Sentra Industri Keramik

Kebon Jayanti

DAFTAR ISI

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ 2

ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. 3

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iii

UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH................................................................................. iv

DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ vii

DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. x

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ xi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................... .

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian .................................................................... 1

1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ............................................................................. 8

1.3 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................ 9

1.4 Tujuan Penelitian................................................................................ 10

1.5 Kegunaan Penelitian ........................................................................... 10

BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN, DAN

HIPOTESIS .......................................................................................................... 12

2.1 Kajian Pustaka .................................................................................... 12

2.1.1 Kewirausahaan ................................................................................ 12

2.1.2 Karakteristik Kewirausahaan .......................................................... 21

2.1.3 Orientasi Kewirausahaan ................................................................ 23

2.1.4 Kinerja Usaha .................................................................................. 26

2.1.5 Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja Usaha ........ 29

2.1.6 Penelitian Terdahulu ....................................................................... 30

2.2 Kerangka Pemikiran ........................................................................... 32

2.3 Hipotesis ............................................................................................. 35

BAB III OBJEK DAN METODE PENELITIAN ............................................. 36

3.1 Objek Penelitian ................................................................................. 36

3.2 Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 36

3.2.1 Jenis Penelitian dan Metode yang Digunakan ................................ 36

3.2.2 Operasionalisasi Variabel................................................................ 37

3.2.3 Jenis dan Sumber Data .................................................................... 51

3.2.4 Populasi, Sampel dan Teknik Sampel ............................................. 52

3.2.5 Teknik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................. 53

3.2.6 Hasil Pengujian Validitas dan Reabilitas ........................................ 54

3.2.7 Teknik Analisis Data ....................................................................... 61

3.2.8 Rancangan Pengujian Hipotesis ...................................................... 69

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................... 72

4.1 Hasil Penelitian .................................................................................. 72

4.1.1 Profil Perusahaan ............................................................................ 72

4.1.2 Karakteristik Responden ................................................................. 73

4.1.3 Hasil Pengujian Deskriptif .............................................................. 77

4.1.4 Hasil Pengujian Verifikatif ............................................................. 91

4.2 Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ............................................................. 98

4.2.1 Pembahasan Gambaran Orientasi Kewirausahaan .......................... 98

4.2.2 Pembahasan Gambaran Inovatif ..................................................... 99

4.2.3 Pembahasan Gambaran Proaktif ..................................................... 99

4.2.4 Pembahasan Gambaran Pengambilan resiko ................................ 100

4.2.5 Pembahasan Gambaran Kinerja Usaha ......................................... 101

4.2.6 Pembahasan Pengaruh Inovatif (X1) terhadap Kinerja Usaha ...... 102

4.2.7 Pembahasan Pengaruh Proaktif (X2) terhadap Kinerja Usaha .... 102

4.2.8 Pembahasan Pengaruh Pengambilan Resiko (X3) terhadap

Kinerja Usaha ............................................................................................ 103

4.2.9 Pembahasan Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan terhadap

Kinerja Usaha ............................................................................................ 103

4.3 Implikasi Penelitian .......................................................................... 104

4.3.1 Temuan Penelitian Bersifat Teoritis.............................................. 104

4.3.2 Temuan Penelitian Bersifat Empiris ............................................. 105

4.3.3 Implikasi Hasil Penelitian Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan

terhadap Kinerja Usaha.............................................................................. 107

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ............................................ 109

5.1 Kesimpulan....................................................................................... 109

5.2 Rekomendasi .................................................................................... 111

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 114

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... 123

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