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ENGLISH PAPER

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN OSTEOARTHRITIS AND OBESITY

KHRISNA PARAMAARTHA

030.09.130

FACULTY OF MEDICINE

TRISAKTI UNIVERSITY

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PREFACE

Assalaamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Firstl ! I r"all t#a$ks t% &%' Alla# S.W.T. T#is E$(lis# )a)"r #a' b""$ *i$is#"' at t#"

)"r*"+t tim". T#is assi($m"$t #a' b""$ ma'" as a r",uir"m"$t t% )ass t#" E$(lis# l"ss%$ i$ t#is

- t# s"m"st"r i$ Fa+ult %* M"'i+i$" Trisakti U$i "rsit .

S"+%$' %* all! I /%ul' lik" t#a$ks t% m )ar"$ts! m %l'"st br%t#"r a$' %l'"st sist"r *%r

t#"ir l% " a$' su))%rt a$' als% t% 'r. 0"$'art% Nata'i'1%1%! MARS S).2D as m su)"r is%r *%r

#is (ui'a$+" a$' s%m" +riti+s t% m arti+l"s s% t#at I +a$ *i$is#"' it "asil . F%r all m *ri"$'s! I

r"all a))r"+iat" t#"ir (r"at tim" t% a++%m)a$ m" a$' 'is+uss t#" mat"rials %* t#" arti+l"s asl%$( as I #a' 'i**i+ulti"s i$ maki$( t#is arti+l".

Last but $%t l"ast! I r"ali3" t% a++%m)lis# t#is assi($m"$t is *ar a/a *r%m b"i$( )"r*"+t

b"+aus" %* la+k %* m k$%/l"'(" a$' (rammati+all la$(ua("! s% t#at I r"all $""' +%$stru+ti "

+riti+s t% mak" it b"tt"r. A$' #%)"*ull t#is arti+l" is /%rt# *%r all.

Wassalaamualaikum Wr. Wb.

4akarta! M"i 5675

K#ris$a 2aramaarat#a

686.696.786

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ABSTRACT

Ost"%art#ritis is usuall +%$si'"r"' t% b" a 1%i$t 'is%r'"r t#" +"$tral )at#%l%(i+al *"atur"

%* /#i+# is +artila(" '"stru+ti%$. 0%/" "r! t#is +%$+")t #as " %l "'! a$' t%'a %st"%art#ritis is

("$"rall r"(ar'"' as a 'is"as" t#at ma a**"+t t#" /#%l" 1%i$t :b%$"! mus+l"s! li(am"$ts a$'

s $% ium;. Alt#%u(# t#" a"ti%l%( %* %st"%art#ritis is $%t "stablis#"'! t#" mai$ risk *a+t%rs ar"

/"ll k$%/$ a$' +%mm%$l i$+lu'" m"+#a$i+al! bi%+#"mi+al a$' ("$"ti+ *a+t%rs. O* t#"s" risk

*a+t%rs! %b"sit is b" %$' '%ubt +%$si'"r"' a )r%mi$"$t %$".

A t%tal %* 7 )"%)l" a("' 5>?@- "ars i$ 799> )arti+i)at"' i$ a N%r/"(ia$ stu' %$

mus+ul%sk"l"tal )ai$ i$ b%t# 799> a$' 566>. 2arti+i)a$ts /it# OA %r r#"umat%i' art#ritis i$

799> a$' t#%s" ab% " @> "ars i$ 799> /"r" " +lu'"'! l"a i$( $ B 7-@= *%r t#" a$al s"s. T#"

mai$ %ut+%m" m"asur" /as OA 'ia($%sis at *%ll%/ u) bas"' %$ s"l* r")%rt. Ob"sit /as '"*i$"'

b a b%' mass i$'" : MI; %* 86 a$' ab% ".

At 76 "ars *%ll%/ u) t#" i$+i'"$+" rat"s /"r" =.< :CI >[email protected]; *%r #i) OA! @.8 :CI

=.@?9.6; *%r k$"" OA! a$' =.- :CI >[email protected]; *%r #a$' OA. W#"$ a'1usti$( *%r a("! ("$'"r! /%rkstatus a$' l"isur" tim" a+ti iti"s! a #i(# MI : 86; /as si($i*i+a$tl ass%+iat"' /it# k$"" OA

:OR 5.


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I$*a$ts a$' %u$( +#il'r"$ ar" )r%$" t% '" "l%)i$( u))"r r"s)irat%r tra+t i$*"+ti%$s!

/#i+# %*t"$ r"sult i$ ba+t"rial +%m)li+ati%$s su+# as a+ut" %titis m"'ia. W" " aluat"' -58 u))"r

r"s)irat%r tra+t i$*"+ti%$ ")is%'"s i$ 775 +#il'r"$ :-?8= m%$t#s %* a("; t% '"t"rmi$" t#"

)r%)%rti%$ %* u))"r r"s)irat%r tra+t i$*"+ti%$ ")is%'"s t#at r"sult i$ a+ut" %titis m"'ia. O* all

u))"r r"s)irat%r tra+t i$*"+ti%$s! 86 /"r" +%m)li+at"' b a+ut" %titis m"'ia. T#" rat" %* a+ut"

%titis m"'ia a*t"r u))"r r"s)irat%r tra+t i$*"+ti%$ '"+li$"' /it# i$+r"asi$( a(" :7; .

C#il'r"$ a("' H 7 "ar a$' t#%s" /#% att"$'"' 'a +ar" +"$t"rs #a' a (r"at"r risk %*

a+,uiri$( u))"r r"s)irat%r tra+t i$*"+ti%$ a$' %titis m"'ia! +%m)ar"' /it# %l'"r +#il'r"$ a$'

t#%s" /#% /"r" +ar"' *%r at #%m" :5; . Risk *%r a+ut" %titis m"'ia ma b" r"'u+"' substa$tiall b

a %i'i$( *r",u"$t " )%sur" t% r"s)irat%r irus"s :"(!a %i'a$+" %* 'a +ar" att"$'a$+"; i$ t#"

*irst "ar %* li*" %r #%m" +ar" +a$ b" )r% i'"' *%r +#il'r"$ u$til at l"ast 7 "ar %* a(" :7; .

Ki'$" st%$"s ar" i$+r"as"' i$ )ati"$ts /it# i$*lammat%r b%/"l 'is"as" :I D;!

)arti+ularl t#%s" /#% #a " #a' r"s"+ti%$ %* )art %* t#"ir (astr%i$t"sti$al tra+t. T#"s" st%$"s ar"

usuall +al+ium % alat"! but t#"r" is a mark"' i$+r"as" i$ t#" t"$'"$+ t% *%rm uri+ a+i' st%$"s!as /"ll! )arti+ularl i$ )ati"$ts /it# +%l%$ r"s"+ti%$. T#"s" )ati"$ts all s#ar" a t"$'"$+ t%

+#r%$i+ %lum" +%$tra+ti%$ 'u" t% l%ss %* /at"r a$' salt i$ 'iarr#"al st%%l! /#i+# l"a's t%

'"+r"as"' uri$" %lum"s. T#" als% #a " '"+r"as"' abs%r)ti%$! a$' t#"r"*%r" 'imi$is#"' uri$ar

" +r"ti%$! %* +itrat" a$' ma($"sium! /#i+# $%rmall a+t as i$#ibit%rs %* +al+ium % alat"

+r stalli3ati%$. 2ati"$ts /it# +%l%$ r"s"+ti%$ a$' il"%st%m *%rm uri+ a+i' st%$"s! as l%ss %*

bi+arb%$at" i$ t#" il"%st%m "**lu"$t l"a's t% *%rmati%$ %* a$ a+i' uri$". T#is! +%u)l"' /it# l%/

uri$" %lum"! '"+r"as"s t#" s%lubilit %* uri+ a+i'! +ausi$( +r stalli3ati%$ a$' st%$" *%rmati%$..

E$t"ri+ # )"r% aluria :E0; l"a's t% su)"rsaturati%$ %* uri$" /it# r"s)"+t t% +al+ium % alat"! i$

+%$1u$+ti%$ /it# l%/ %lum"! # )%+itraturia a$' # )%ma($"suria. T#"$ a$%t#"r )%ssibl" r%l" i$

ki'$" st%$" *%rmati%$ ma +aus"' b i$*r",u"$+ %* +%l%$i3ati%$ /it# Oxalobacter formigenes

i$ I D.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

C#a)t"r I I$tr%'u+ti%$ JJJJJJJJJJJ =

C#a)t"r II I$*lammat%r %/"l Dis"as" JJJJJJJJJJ. -

II.7 D"*i$iti%$ JJJJJJJJJJJ. -

II.5 Caus"s JJJJJJJJJJJ.. -

II.8 S m)t%ms JJJJJJJJJJJ.. @

II.> 2# si+al E ami$ati%$ JJJJJJJJJJJ.. 6!5667.

5. Arr%ml"" E! Mi+#"t C4! Cr%/s%$ CS! "t al E)i'"mi%l%( %* (%ut is t#" i$+i'"$+" risi$( 4

R#"umat%l 59 5>68!5665.

8. 0arris E D! u'' R C! Fir"st"i$ & S! &"$% "s" M C! Ru'' S! S"r("$t 4 S! "t al. K"ll" s

t" tb%%k %* R#"umat%l%( V%lum" II &%ut a$' 0 )"ruri+"mia. 2"$$s l a$ia Els" i"r

Sau$'"rs.566=.)G 7>65 7>5-.

>. M+2#"" S 4! 2a)a'akis M A. Curr"$t M"'i+al Dia($%sis a$' Tr"atm"$t > a$' m "l%i' 'i**"r"$tiati%$ *a+t%r 8 =6.


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77. R%s" R! "+k"r MA. Uri+ a+i' r"$al 'is"as". I$ R%s" D! "'it%r. U)T%Dat". W"ll"sl" !

MA U)T%Dat"G 5667.

75. S#"karri3 ! St%ll"r ML. Uri+ a+i' $")#r%lit#iasis. Curr"$t +%$+")ts a$' +%$tr% "rsi"s. 4

Ur%l 5665G7-< 786@ 7>.

78. Sak#a""!K! A'ams 0u"t! !M%"!OW!2ak!CY. 2at#%))# si%l%(i+ basis *%r $%rm%uri+%suri+

uri+ a+i' $")#r%lit#iasis.Ki'$" I$t 5667G-6 @=@.

7>. T"i+#ma$!4M. Cli$i+al 2ra+ti+". A+ut" R"$al C%li+ Fr%m Ur"t"ral Cal+ulus.N E$(l 4 M"'

566>G8=6 -.

7=. M+2#"" S 4! 2a)a'akis M A. Curr"$t M"'i+al Dia($%sis a$' Tr"atm"$t >

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