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Antibiotika  Keterangan

Amoxicillin Larotid, AmoxilApproved  B  L1 

Aztreonam Azactam Approved  B  L2 

Cefadroxil Ultracef, Duricef Approved  B  L1 

Cefazolin Ancef, Kefzol Approved  B  L1 

Cefotaxime Claforan Approved  B  L2 

Cefoxitin Mefoxin Approved  B  L1 

Cefprozil Cefzil Approved  C  L1 

CeftazidimeCeftazidime, Fortaz,

TaxidimeApproved  B  L1 

Ceftriaxone Rocephin Approved  B  L2 

Ciprofloxacin [more] 

Cipro Approved  C  L3 

Clindamycin Cleocin Approved  B  L3 

ErythromycinE-Mycin, Ery-tab, ERYC,Ilosone

Approved  B L1 

L3 early

 postnatal

Fleroxacin - Approved  - NR

Gentamicin Garamycin Approved  C  L2 

Kanamycin Kebecil, Kantrex Approved  D  L2 

Moxalactam Moxam Approved  - NR

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 Lactation Risk Categories  Pregnancy Risk Categories 

  L1 (safest)

  L2 (safer)

  L3 (moderately safe)

  L4 (possibly hazardous)

  L5  (contraindicated)

  A (controlled studies show no risk ) 

  B (no evidence of risk in humans)

  C (risk cannot be ruled out)

  D (positive evidence of risk)

  X (contraindicated in pregnancy)

Generic name Trade Name

AAP

approved?* 

Pregnancy

Risk

Category**

Lactation Risk Category**

Analgesics (Pain-killers) [more] 

 Nitrofurantoin Macrobid Approved  B  L2 

Ofloxacin Floxin Approved  C  L2 

Penicillin -Approved  B  L1 

Streptomycin Streptomycin Approved  D  L3 

Sulbactam - Approved  - NR

Sulfisoxazole Gantrisin, Azo-Gantrisin Approved  C  L2 

TetracyclineAchromycin, Sumycin,

TerramycinApproved  D  L2 

Ticarcillin Ticarcillin, Ticar, Timentin Approved  B  L1 

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Proloprim, Trimpex Approved  C  L3 

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Acetaminophen Tylenol Approved  B  L1 

Colchicine Colchicine Approved  D  L4 

 Nefopam Acupan Approved  - NR

on-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (NSAIDs) [more] 

Azapropazone (apazone) Rheumox Approved  - L2 

Dipyrone (banned in the US &

UK) - Approved  - NR

Flufenamic acid - Approved  - NR

IbuprofenAdvil, Nuprin,

Motrin, PediaprofinApproved 

B (1st, 2nd

trim.)

D (3rd

trim.)

L1 

Indomethacin Indocin Approved 

B (1st, 2nd

trim.)

D (3rd

trim.)

L3 

Ketorolac Toradol, Acular Approved 

B (1st, 2nd

trim.)

D (3rd

trim.)

L2 

Mefenamic acid Ponstan, Ponstel Approved  - NR

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 NaproxenAnaprox, Naprosyn,

 Naproxen, AleveApproved  B 

L3 

L4 (for chronic use)

Phenylbutazone Butazolidine Approved  - NR

Piroxicam Feldene Approved  B  L2 

Suprofen Profenal Approved  - NR

Tolmetin Tolectin Approved  C  L3 

arcotic analgesics [more] 

Butorphanol Stadol Approved 

B (1st, 2nd

trim.)

D (3rd

trim.)

L3 

Codeine Tylenol #3, #4 Approved  C  L3 

Fentanyl Sublimaze Approved  B  L2 

Meperidine Demerol Approved  B L2 

L3 (if used early postpartum)

Methadone Dolophine Approved  B  L3 Morphine Morphine Approved  B  L3 

PropoxypheneDarvocet N,

Propacet, DarvonApproved  C  L2 

Anesthesia, Anesthetics [more]  [contents] 

Halothane Fluothane Approved  C  L2 

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Lidocaine Xylocaine Approved  C  L2 

Methohexital Brevital Approved  B  L3 

Thiopental Pentothal Approved  C  L3 

Antacids, GI meds [contents] 

Cimetidine (Antacid) Tagamet Approved  B  L2 

Cisapride (GI tract stimulant) Propulsid Approved  C  L2 

Domperidone (used for nausea &

vomiting, stimulates lactation)

[more] 

Motilum Approved  - L1 

Antibiotics [contents] 

Amoxicillin Larotid, Amoxil Approved  B  L1 

Aztreonam Azactam Approved  B  L2 

Cefadroxil Ultracef, Duricef Approved  B  L1 

Cefazolin Ancef, Kefzol Approved  B  L1 

Cefotaxime Claforan Approved  B  L2 

Cefoxitin Mefoxin Approved  B  L1 

Cefprozil Cefzil Approved  C  L1 

CeftazidimeCeftazidime, Fortaz,

TaxidimeApproved  B  L1 

Ceftriaxone Rocephin Approved  B  L2 

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Ciprofloxacin [more] 

Cipro Approved  C  L3 

Clindamycin Cleocin Approved  B  L3 

ErythromycinE-Mycin, Ery-tab,

ERYC, IlosoneApproved  B 

L1 

L3 early postnatal

Fleroxacin - Approved  - NR

Gentamicin Garamycin Approved  C  L2 

Kanamycin Kebecil, Kantrex Approved  D  L2 

Moxalactam Moxam Approved  - NR

 Nitrofurantoin Macrobid Approved  B  L2 

Ofloxacin Floxin Approved  C  L2 

Penicillin - Approved  B  L1 

Streptomycin Streptomycin Approved  D  L3 

Sulbactam - Approved  - NR

SulfisoxazoleGantrisin, Azo-

GantrisinApproved  C  L2 

Tetracycline

Achromycin,

Sumycin,

Terramycin

Approved  D  L2 

TicarcillinTicarcillin, Ticar,

TimentinApproved  B  L1 

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Proloprim, Trimpex Approved  C  L3 

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Anticoagulants [contents] 

Bishydroxycoumarin (dicumarol) - Approved  - NR

WarfarinCoumadin,

PanwarfinApproved  D  L2 

Anticonvulsants [contents] 

Carbamazepine Tegretol, Epitol Approved  C  L2 

Ethosuximide Zarontin Approved  C  L4 

Magnesium sulfate Epsom salt Approved  B  L1 

Phenytoin Dilantin Approved  D  L2 

Valproic acidDepakene,

DepakoteApproved  D  L2 

Antifungals [contents] 

Fluconazole [more]  Diflucan Approved  C  L2 

Ketoconazole Nizoral Shampoo,

 NizoralApproved  C  L2 

Antihistamines [more]  [contents] 

Dexbrompheniramine maleate

with d-isoephedrine- Approved  - NR

Fexofenadine Allegra Approved  C  L2 

Loratadine Claritin Approved  B  L1 

Terfenadine Seldane Approved  - NR

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Triprolidine Actidil, Actifed Approved  C  L1 

Antivirals [contents] 

Acyclovir [more]  Zovirax Approved  C  L2 

Interferon-alpha [more] Alferon N,

Interferon AlphaApproved  C  L2 

Arthritis meds (see also: pain meds)  [contents] 

Gold salts

Ridaura,

Myochrysine,

Solganal

Approved  C  L5 

Asthma meds (see also: steroids)  [contents] 

DyphyllineDilor, Lufyllin,

DyphyllineApproved  C  L3 

Terbutaline Bricanyl, Brethine Approved  B  L2 

TheophyllineAminophylline,

Quibron, Theo-DurApproved  C  L3 

Contraceptives, Hormones [more]  [contents] 

EstradiolEstratab, Permarin,

MenestApproved  X  L3 (may interfere with milk production)

Clogestone - Approved  - NR

Contraceptive pill with

estrogen/progesterone

Preven, Seasonale,

 Norinyl, Norlestin,Approved  X  L3 (may interfere with milk production)

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Ortho-Novum,

Ovral, Lunelle

injection, Ortho-

Evra patch, etc.

Levonorgestrel Norplant, Mirena,

Plan BApproved  X  L2 

MedroxyprogesteroneProvera, Depo-

Provera, CycrinApproved  D 

L1 

L4 (if used first 3 days postpartum)

 Norethynodrel Enovid Approved  X  L2 

Progesterone Crinone,Prometrium

Approved  - L3 

Cough meds [more]  [contents] 

Codeine Tylenol #3, #4 Approved  C  L3 

 Noscapine - Approved  - NR

Decongestants [more]  [contents] 

Pseudoephedrine

Sudafed, Halofed,

 Novafed, ActifedApproved  C 

L3 (for acute use)

L4 (for chronic use)

Diabetes meds [contents] 

ote: Insulin has not been reviewed by the AAP. Pregnancy risk category = B; Lactation risk category = L1. 

Tolbutamide Oramide, Orinase Approved  D  L3 

Diarrhea meds [contents] 

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Loperamide

Imodium, Pepto

Diarrhea Control,

Maalox

Antidiarrheal

Caplets, Kaopectate

II Caplets,

Immodium

Advanced

Approved  B  L2 

** Note: Pepto-Bismol & Kaopectate (bismuth subsalicylate is the active ingredient in both) are not recommended for routine use by

nursing moms, due to the association of salicylates with Reyes syndrome in children.  [more] 

Diuretics [contents] 

Acetazolamide Dazamide, Diamox Approved  C  L2 

Bendroflumethiazide Naturetin Approved  D  L4 (may inhibit lactation)

Chlorothiazide Hydrodiuril Approved  D  L3 

Chlorthalidone Hygroton Approved  D  L3 

Hydrochlorothiazide

Hydrodiuril,

Esidrix, Oretic Approved  D  L2 

Spironolactone Aldactone Approved  D  L2 

Galactagogues (milk supply) [more]  [contents] 

Domperidone Motilum Approved  - L1 

Heart, Blood Pressure meds [contents] 

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(Antiarrhythmics, Antihypertensives, Cardiac stimulants)

ntiarrhythmics 

Disopyramide Norpace, Napamide Approved  C  L2 

Flecainide Tambocor Approved  C  L3 

Mexiletine Mexitil Approved  B  L2 

Procainamide Pronestyl, Procan Approved  C  L3 

QuinidineQuinaglute,

QuinidexApproved  C  L2 

ntihypertensives  

Captopril Capoten Approved  D  L3 (if used after 30 days)

Diltiazem/Diltiazem HCL

Cardizem Sr,

Dilacor-XR,

Diltiazem,

Cardizem CD

Approved  C  L3 

Enalapril/Enalapril Maleate Vasotec Approved 

C (1st trim.)

D (2nd, 3rd

trim.)

L2 

Hydralazine Apresoline Approved  C  L2 

LabetalolTrandate,

 NormodyneApproved  C  L2 

Methyldopa Aldomet Approved  C  L2 

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MetoprololToprol XL,

LopressorApproved  B  L3 

Minoxidil

Loniten, Minodyl,

Rogaine Approved  C 

L2(topically)

L3 (orally)

 Nadolol Corgard, Nadolol Approved  C  L4 

 Nifedipine Adalat, Procardia Approved  C  L2 

OxprenololApsolox, Slow-

Trasicor, TrasicorApproved  - NR

Propranolol Inderol Approved  C  L2 

Sotalol Betapace Approved  B  L3 

Timolol Blocadren Approved  C  L2 

VerapamilCalan, Isoptin,

Covera-HSApproved  C  L2 

Cardiac stimulants 

DigoxinLanoxin,

LanoxicapsApproved  C  L2 

Laxatives [more]  [contents] 

Cascara/Cascara Sagrada - Approved  C  L3 

Danthron - Approved  - NR

Magnesium sulfate Epsom salt Approved  B  L1 

Senna - Approved  - L3 

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Malaria meds [contents] 

ChloroquineAralen, Novo-

chloroquineApproved  C  L3 

Hydroxychloroquine Plaquenil Approved  C  L2 

Pyrimethamine Daraprim Approved  C  L4 

Quinine Quinamm Approved  D  L2 

Medical Testing [more]  [contents] 

Diatrizoate - Approved  - NR

Fluorescein - Approved  C  L3 

Gadopentetic (Gadolinium) - Approved  C  L2 

Iohexol Omnipaque Approved  B  L2 

Iopanoic acid Telepaque Approved  D  L2 

Metrizamide Amipaque Approved  B  L2 

Metrizoate Isopaque Approved  B  L2 

Migraine meds (see also: pain meds) [more]  [contents] 

Sumatriptan Imitrex Approved  C  L3 

Sedatives [more]  [contents] 

Chloral hydrate Aquachloral, Noctec Approved  C  L3 

Methyprylon (withdrawn from

use in US & Canada)- Approved  - NR

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Bromide - Approved  D  L5 

Secobarbital Seconal Approved  D  L3 

Sleep Aids [contents] 

Zolpidem/Zolpidem Tartrate Ambien Approved  B  L3 

Steroids [contents] 

Methylprednisolone

[  high dosage

methylprednisolone]  

Solu-Medrol, Depo-

Medrol, MedrolApproved  C  L2 

Prednisolone - Approved  C  L2 

PrednisoneDeltasone,

Meticorten, OrasoneApproved  C  L2 

Thyroid meds [more]  [contents] 

Carbimazole - Approved  D  L3 

Methimazole (active metabolite

of carbimazole)Tapazole Approved  D  L3 

Propylthiouracil PTU Approved  D  L2 

Thiouracil - Approved  - NR

Levothyroxine

Synthroid,

Levothroid,

Thyroid, Levo-T,

Levoxyl

Approved  A  L1 

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Tuberculosis meds [contents] 

Cycloserine Seromycin Approved  C  L3 

EthambutolEthambutol,

MyambutolApproved  B  L2 

Isoniazid INH, Laniazid Approved  C  L3 

Rifampin Rifadin, Rimactane Approved  C  L2 

Vitamins [more]  [contents] 

B-1 (thiamin) - Approved  - NR

B-12 (Cyanocobalamin) - Approved  A  L1 

B-6 (pyridoxine) - Approved  A  L2; L4 in high doses (may inhibit lactation)

D, vitamin Calciferol, Delta-d Approved  A  L3 (do not overdose)

Folic acid - Approved 

A (1st, 2nd

trim.)

C (3rd

trim.)

L1 

K-1, vitamin (Phytonadione) - Approved  C  L1 Riboflavin/B2 - Approved  A  L1 

Miscellaneous [contents] 

Acitretin (Anti-psoriasis) Soriatane Approved  - NR

Alcohol/Ethanol [more]  - Approved  D  L3 

Allopurinol Zyloprim, Lopurin Approved  C  L2 

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Antimony - Approved  - NR

Atropine (Anticholinergic, drying

agent)

Belladonna,

AtropineApproved  C  L3 

Azapropazone/apazone

(Antirheumatic)Rheumox Approved  - L2 

Baclofen (muscle relaxant) Lioresal, Atrofen Approved  C  L2 

Barbiturate - Approved  - NR

Caffeine [more] Vivarin, NoDoz,

CoffeeApproved  B  L2 

Carbetocin (Antihemorrhagic) Duratocin Approved  - NR

Chloroform - Approved  - NR

Cisplatin (Anti-cancer) Platinol Approved  D  L4 

Dapsone (Antileprosy) Avlosulfon, DDS Approved  C  L4 

Hydroxychloroquine

(Antirheumatic, lupus)Plaquenil Approved  C  L2 

Iodides - Approved  - NRIodine - Approved  - NR

Iodine (povidone-iodine, eg, in a

vaginal douche)- Approved  - NR

Ivermectin (Antiparasitic) Mectizan Approved  C  L3 

 Nalidixic acid (Urinary Anti- NegGram Approved  B  L4 

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infective)

 Norsteroids - Approved  - NR

Pyridostigmine (Muscle

stimulant)Mestinon, Regonol Approved  C  L2 

Scopolamine (Motion sickness) Transderm Scope Approved  C  L3 

Sulfapyridine Dagenan Approved  - NR

Timolol (glaucoma med) Blocadren Approved  D  L3 

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