Neurogeriatri Brain Aging
Transcript of Neurogeriatri Brain Aging
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NEUROGERIATRINEUROGERIATRI
BRAIN AGINGBRAIN AGING
Dr.Soetedjo SpS(K)
Bag.Neurologi/Histologi
FK Undip/RS Dr.Kariadi Semarang
Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan XXI, Neurologi UNDIP-UNS-UGM , Salatiga , 8-9 April 200
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DECADE OTAK
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DUA PRESTASI UMAT
MANUSIA1. QUANTUM COSMOLOGY
( Ilmu tentang alam emeta!
". NEUROSCIENCE
( Ilmu tentang #ta$!
B%a&n %eea%' De'a)e #* te B%a&n.
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KECA GGI+A OTAK
( 1 !
, +EMIS-ER KIRI
LOGIKA
1. C%&tall&e)
&ntell&gen'e.". -ung& / mem0a'a
menul&
0e%&tung
.Puat / l#g&$a2
e*&&en&2uang
te$n#l#g&2
$e$uatan
3. Managemen Ba%at
, +EMIS-ER KAN
INTUITI-
1.-lu&) &ntell&gen'e
". Pengamatan4e%l&n)ungan )&%&
n l&ng$ungan
. Puat &ntu&&2&n4&%a&2 m&t&$2a%t&t&$
3. Managemen T&mu%
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KECANGGI+AN OTAK
("!, 5 .K#mun&$a&
6e%0al
, 7. P#la 4&$&%
Anal&t&$
, 8. Inte%4%eta& $ata/ l&te%al 2 l&n&e%2lang$a )em&
lang$a2matemat&$.
, 5. K#mun&$a&n#n 6e%0al
, 7. +#l&t&$
, 8.S4a&al2 mu&$2meta*#%a2
&mag&na&2
a%t&t&$2em#nal2e$ual24&%&tual.
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KECERDASAN OTAK
TIDAK +ANYA1. -UNGSI
". ARGUMEN
. -OKUS
3. LOGIKA
5. KESERIOUSAN
7. AKUMULASI
1. DISAIN
". CERITA
. SIMPONI
3. EMPATI
5. PERMAINAN
7. MAKNA
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BE+A9IORAL
EUROLOGI
, +UB. STRUKTUR OTAK : PERILAKUMANUSIA2 ADA 5 DOMAIN KOGNITI-/
, 1. ATTENTION / 4e%at&an, ". LANGUAGE / 0aaa
, . MEMORY / )a;a &ngat
, 3. 9ISUOSPATIAL/4engenalan %uang
, 5. E
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BRAI AGI G
1. OPTIMAL AGING
". SUCCESS-UL AGING
. NORMAL AGING
3. PAT+OLOGICAL AGING
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PAT+OLOGICAL
BRAI AGI G
1. BENIGN SENESCENT -ORGET
-ULNESS ( BS-!
". MILD COGNITI9E IMPAIRMENT
(MCI!
. DEMENTIA AL=+EIMER
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Alm.P%#* B0 +a%t#n# S4S(K
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Alm. P%#* Bam0ang a%t#n# S4S(
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OTK !"NU (#)OTK !"NU (#)
#. $roses menua (aging)men%e&a&'an prosespenuaan se'ujur tu&u ta' ter'e*uali ota'.
+. $ada proses penuaan ota' terjadi penurunan
jumla sel neuron se*ara &ertaap. a. ,irus temporal superior pelipis-
(memori) pl *epat 'eilangan neuron.
&. ,irus pre sentralis ota' depan -
'emampuan e'se'usi. *. rea striata dan %ang ta' &eru&a girus
post sentralis.
!u"umoputro# S, 200$
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OTK !"NU (+)OTK !"NU (+)
Secara Patofisiologis#. $enurunan jumla neuron 'olinergi'
men%e&a&'an &er'urangn%a
neurotransmiter setil'olin ().+. Seingga dapat menim&ul'an sindrom
gangguan B0 %aitu -
- D1 terganggu.
B - Bea2ior &eru&a.
- ognition menurun.
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OTK !"NU (3)OTK !"NU (3)
Peran AChE dan BuChE#. " -
setil'olin
"sterase.+. Terdapat di ota' dan
eritrosit.
3. 4'ut mengatur *
dgn mengidrolisis
* di *ela sinaps.
#. Bu" -
Butiril'olin
"sterase.+. Terdapat le&i
&an%a' di - otot
jantung o.polos
'ulit dan plasma.3. 4dem.
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OTK !"NU (5)OTK !"NU (5)
Peran AChE dan BuChESupa%a 'adarn%a tetap tinggi
idrolisis ole " dan Bu"
se*ara teori perlu diam&at ole o&at%ang e6e'n%a di'enal dengan nama -
Dual Inhibition .
%& %i'a"tigmin
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K"!T4N N"URONK"!T4N N"URON
Secara Neurohistopatologi#. Ber*a' sara6 t.d.
protein &eta amiloid,dise&ut-neurotic
plaque.+. Ke'usutan seratsara6 neuro fibrillarytangels, %g t&t' dariprotein tau %g alamiggn sg &ergulung 7'usut.
#. Usila N 88 D
(9) 88888 (99-999)
+. (9) 8888 (99-999)
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$$ : m%loid $re*ursor
$rotein a;*ode pd
*romosome +#.
"n
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plaque
tangles
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Neurofbrillatory tangles
in CA1 region ohippocampus
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Neurofbrillary
tangle
Dari( no tangle )*eginning o+ a tanglela""i tangle.earl/. gho"t tangle.late. gho"t tangle#
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Paired helical structure o neurofbrillatory tangles
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K"!T4N N"URONK"!T4N N"URON
Secara Kontinum#. =umla Ber'urang Sa'it
neuron &ertaap
#>>? 5>8@>8A>? +>?+. Dis6ungsi 8 9/8 9 999
neurologis
3. a'tu +> C 3> taun5. D @t A>t E>t
A? +? 5>?
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K"RUSKN STRUKTURK"RUSKN STRUKTUR
OTK DN FUN,S4N (#)OTK DN FUN,S4N (#)#. 1OBUS FRONT1
Dorsolateral - dis6ungsi e'se'uti6
Or&ito6rontal - disini&isi !edial - a'ineti' mutism
+. 1OBUS T"!$OR14S
!edial - amnesia anterograde
nterior - amnesia rerograde 1ateral - amnesia semanti'
$osterior &ilat - agnesia 2isual
$osterior 'anan - prasopognosia
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K"RUSKN STRUKTURK"RUSKN STRUKTUR
OTK DN FUN,S4N (+)OTK DN FUN,S4N (+)3. H"!4SF"R K4R4
nterior - apasia ta' lan*ar
$osterior - apasia lan*ar.
5. H"!4SF"R KNN
nterior - impersisten motori'
$osterior - negle*t gg.2isuospatial
umempou1 S, 2003
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KONT4NU! K14N4KKONT4NU! K14N4K
$"NUN OTK (#)$"NUN OTK (#)#. $enuaan optimaloptimal aging
Su&%e' memp.performance tetap tinggisama &a'an le&i tinggi d.p. su&%e'muda.
+. $enuaan su'ses succesful aging.
$erpanjangan arapan idup optimal.
$en%a'it %g ter'ait usia dpt di'urangi.
Tetap a'ti6 dan mempun%ai 'emampuanadaptasi %g &ai'.
Kualitas idup %ang memuas'an.
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3. $enuaan normal normal aging
$roses penuaan 6isiologis terindar
dari 'ondisi patologi.Kondisi %g 'as atau rata8rata ut'
populasi umum. 4stila ini masi
dianggap samar meragu'an0.
KONT4NU! K14N4KKONT4NU! K14N4K
$"NUN OTK (+)$"NUN OTK (+)
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KONS"$ KONT4NU!KONS"$ KONT4NU!
,N,,UN KO,N4T4F,N,,UN KO,N4T4F#. !enua su'sesatau normal.
+. !enua normal tetapi !UDH 1U$ -Forgetfulness,Benign Senescent Forgetfulness :BSF,!uda lupa ter'ait usia -Age-Associate!emory Impairment : AA!I.
3. Kelemaan Kogniti6 Ringan
!il "ogniti#e Impairment : !"I5. $en%a'it l
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!UDH 1U$ R4N,N (#)!UDH 1U$ R4N,N (#)
#. Keluan muda lupa (BSF 7 !4) &an%a' dijumpai pd Garga usia lanjut(ulan).
+. ,angguan mengingat 'em&ali recall,ini masih fisiologis, dise&ut -a senium naturale.
3. $asien sadar 'e'urangann%a 7 mela'u'an
'ompensasi -sir$umlo$usi, %aitupenjelasan &er&elit8&elit sea'an minta&antuan.
5. BSF diguna'an &ergantian dg !4.
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BSF
#. !uda lupa
di&anding dg'elompo' se&a%a
(peer group)
+. Kogniti6 normal.
3. Belum
menunju''an
gejala demensia.
!4
#. Sama.
+. Dengan 'emunduran'ogniti6 n%ata.
3. Belum menunju''an
gejala demensia.
!UDH 1U$ R4N,N (+)!UDH 1U$ R4N,N (+)
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!UDH 1U$!UDH 1U$
Dalam 'riteria -
#. !uda lupa nama- &enda orang peristiGa.
+. Terdapat gangg. mengingat 'em&ali - recall.
3. Terdapat gangg. ut' mengam&il 'em&ali apa %gperna diingat - retrie#al.
5. !uda mengingat 'em&ali &l di&eri &antuan/
is%arat.. Sering men%abar$an fungsi paa istilah yg lupa.
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$"N"BB !UDH 1U$$"N"BB !UDH 1U$
$D$D &'(A&'(A#. $roses &erpi'ir %g jadi lam&an.
+. Sulit memusat'an peratian .
3. !uda &erali 'e al %g tida' penting.5. $erlu le&i &an%a' Ga'tu ut' &elajar al
%g &aru.
. Kurang dpt mengguna'an strategi
memori %g tepat.@. $erlu le&i &an%a' &antuan pengenalan/
is%arat ut' mengingat 'em&ali.
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! 4! 4
: K"1"!HN KO,N4T4F R4N,N
adala sala satu gangguan 'ogniti6
termasu' 'elompo' perantara 6asetransisi antara !uda lupa ter'ait
usia0 (!4) dengan demensia
l
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Batasan operasional -
Terdapat 'eluan gangguan memori
se*ara su&%e'ti6.,angguan memori terse&ut ter&u'tise*ara tes memori %ang disesuai'anting'at pendidi'an dan usia.
$enampilan 'ogniti6 se*ara glo&al normal.'ti6itas idup sr8r (D1) masi normal.
Belum masu' 'riteria demensia.
! 4! 4
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"$4D"!4O1O,4 !4"$4D"!4O1O,4 !4
#. allaan ! #EE
+. Kluger #EEE
3. Fli*er #EE#BoGen S #EE#
5. esa2age +>>>
$eterson R+>>#
. imo +>>3
#. $re2.!4@>8@t(A@?)At jadi #@A?.
+. Tiap tn ?usila N8888 !4.
3. Tiap 8I t ->8A>?!48 demensia
5. !4
Dlm 38@ t - #>8#? -demensia.Dlm @ t - A>? 8 8
. Demensia- + =t.
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dementia
normal
orgetulnes
mild cognitive impairment
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SUBT4$" K14N4K !4 D"N,NSUBT4$" K14N4K !4 D"N,N
JR4S4 "T4O1O,4NJR4S4 "T4O1O,4N
#. mnesti* !4
+. !4 dgn Domain
'ogniti6 multipel
3. !4 dgn Domain
'ogniti6 tunggal non8memori.
$en%.l
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Brain ageing
MCI table or reversibleimpairment
Al!heimer"s disease#ascular dementia$ther dementia%&M&N'IA
P($%($MA)%&M&N'IA
N$(MA)C$*NI'I$N
(evers
ible
Golomb et al 2000
Progression o Normal Ageing to %ementia
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4N B"T""N ,ROU$4N B"T""N ,ROU$
4. $R"14N41 D"!"NT4a. !4 (ge sso*iated !emor% 4mpairment) #EA@
&. RD (ge Related ogniti2e De*line)#EE5.
*. D (ge sso*iated ogniti2e De*line)#EE5.
44. $R" D"!"NT4a. !D (!ild ogniti2e Disorders) #EE+.
&. !ND (!ild Neuro*ogniti2e Disorders)#EE5.
*. 4ND (ogniti2e 4mpairment Not Demented)#EE.d. !4 (!ild ogniti2e 4mpairment) #EAA #EE# #EEE.
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1,OR4TH! FOR !K4N, D4,NOS4S OF1,OR4TH! FOR !K4N, D4,NOS4S OF
SUBT$"S OF !41D O,N4T4J"SUBT$"S OF !41D O,N4T4J"
4!$4R!"NTS4!$4R!"NTS
COGNITVE COP!AINT
Not normal for age
Not demented
Cogniti"e decline#unctionall$ normal% minimall$ impaired
Comple&'instrumental A(!
!4
emor$ impairment )
*es No
Amnestic CINon+amnestic CI
emor$ impairment onl$)
Amnestic CI
Single domainAmnestic Ci
ultiple domaain
No*esSingle non+memor$
Cogniti"e domain impaired )
Non+amnestic CI
Single domain
Non+Amnestic CI
ultiple domain
No*es
Petersen ,- , 2004 Journal of Internal Medicine 256:183-194
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D4,NOS4SD4,NOS4S
$emeri'saan 'ogniti6 sangat penting ut'
mendiagnosis !4 dan demensia.
Domain 'ogniti6 %g diperi'sa adalaFUN,S4 -
#. !emori
+. Baasa
3. Jisuospasial dan $raLis
5. "s'se'uti6
. Konsentrasi.
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KRKT"R4ST4K !4KRKT"R4ST4K !4
#. Keluan penurunan 'ogniti6 auto maupunalloanamnesis positi6.
+. D1 masi &ai' 4D1 dapat terganggu ringan.
3. da gangguan primer ringan pd memori dandomain 'ogniti6 umum lainn%a.
Tes memori - # SD 'urang dari rata8ratasesuai usia.
!!S" - +5 C +I (pd pdd' diatas E taun).5. Se*ara 'ogniti6 glo&al S*ore DR - > s*ore
pd ,DS - ting'at 3 dan tida' demensia.
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D4,NOS4S !4 (#)D4,NOS4S !4 (#)
#. namnesis - auto dan alloanamnesis didapat'an'emunduran 6s intele'.
+. $emeri'saan 6isi' dan neurologi' leng'ap serta
penunjang la&oratorium.3. $emeri'saan neuroemeging ada8tida' 'erusa'anota' statis dgn T 8!R4.
5. $emeri'saan status 'ogniti6 -
a. Tes neuropsi'ologi ut' &u'ti'an gg.'ogniti6
OB"KT4F.&. $emeri'saan 'lini' glo&al (,DS 7 DR).
*. $em. 'eidupan ser8r ( D184D1).
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D4,NOS4S !4 (+)D4,NOS4S !4 (+)
.- Tes KognitifTes 'ogniti6 %ang diguna'an -
a. !!S" pra'tis se&agai tes 'ogniti6sing'at.
&. Tes 'ogniti6 'usus-DraGing (*lo*'plan o6 te room)
Sele*ti2e Reminding Tas'(Free 7 *ued dela%ed re*all
Gor'ing memor%).Blo*' design 6rom te 4S8R.
Naming 6rom Boston Naming Test.
Uni and &imanual postures eLe*ution.
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D4,NOS4S !4 (3)D4,NOS4S !4 (3)
/- Pem- Klini0 Glo1al$"!"R4KSN K14N4K ,1OB1
,DS - *lobal Deterioration S*ale+eisberg, /0), ut' mendis'ripsi'an
populasi studi.
DR - "linical Dementia ating+!orris,1), ut' menge2aluasi peru&aan
'lini' se*ara glo&al.
4B49 - "linician2s Inter#ie3 Base Impression of"hange 45lus , ut' menge2aluasi peru&.'lini' se*ara glo&al pd penelitian.
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D4,NOS4S !4 (5)D4,NOS4S !4 (5)
/- Pem- Klini0 Glo1alSK1 D"T"R4ORS4 ,1OB1 (,DS) - I stadium
#. ,DS # - Stad. Seat tanpa 'elemaan 'ogniti6su&%e'ti6/ o&%e'ti6.
+. ,DS + - Sangat ringan 'emunduran su&%e'ti6tanpa 'elemaan 6ungsi 'ogniti6.
3. ,DS 3 - Kelemaan 'ogniti6 ringan.
5. ,DS 5 - Kelemaan 'ogniti6 sedang C n%ata.
. ,DS - Demensia ringan.
@. ,DS @ - Demensia sedang.
I. ,DS I - Demensia &erat.
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14N41 D"!"NT4 RT4N, - DR.
Ting'atan 'linis demensia ( ting'at)
#. DR > - Keadaan normal.+. DR > - Demensia %g diragu'an
+questionable ementia).
3. DR # - Demensia ringan mil ementia.
5. DR + - Demensia sedang.
. DR 3 - Demensia &erat.
D4,NOS4S !4 ()D4,NOS4S !4 ()
/- Pem- Klini0 Glo1al
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D4,NOS4S !4 (@)D4,NOS4S !4 (@)
2- Pem- A0ti"itas Shr+hr-#. D1 -Acti#ities of
Daily (i#ing.
+. Berpa'aian
men%isir manditoilet ma'an7
minum mo&ilitas
pinda tempat -
B4K.
#. 4D1 - InstrumentalActi#ities of Daily (i#ing .
+. !eren*ana'an persiapan
masa' guna'an peralatanRT pertaan'an o&i aturpengo&at an mema'aitele8 pon 'orespondensiatur 'euangan memenui
janji pergi dg mo&il.3. Terganggu
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D4,NOS4S !4 (I)D4,NOS4S !4 (I)
3- Pem- Penun4ang-#. $emeri'saan 1a&oratorium -
Dara rutin laju endap dara (1"D) ele'trolit ratioal&umin glu'osa pro6il lipid tes 6ungsi li2er ginjal tiroid'adar B#+ dan as.6olat tes serologis 1ues H4J
'onsentrasi 'adar o&at.+. $emeri'saan Neuroemeging -
*ross anatomy 6 structure :Brain T s*an !R4.
Biochemistry : ! spectroscopy.
*lucose or o7ygen metabolism : 589
eseptor ensity : 589 "erebral bloo flo3 : S58"9 , !I , 589.
Peter"en r##4200$5
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RO1" OF N"URO4!,4N,RO1" OF N"URO4!,4N,
4N !44N !4, STATUS
Stru*tural
5!R4
5 Hippo*ampal and entorinal
atrop% C *lassi*al 6indings in
!4
5 "2aluations o6 2olume loss
utili
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Mild hippocampal atrophy in a patient +ith MCI
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N"URO4!,4N, 4N !4N"URO4!,4N, 4N !4
STAT6S7 #6NCTIONA! IAGING
5S$"T
HRT"R4ST4 F4ND4N,S
Redu*ed *ere&ral &lood
6loG in te temporo8parietal
regions
$"T
Redu*ed glu*ose meta&olism
4n te temporo8parietal regions
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RO1" OF N"URO4!,4N,RO1" OF N"URO4!,4N,
N" $"RS$"T4J"S
5 Neuro8imaging is an essential part o6 general e2aluation o6 !4
5 Use6ulness
#. esta&lis di66erential diagnosesidenti6% spe*i6i* and re2ersi&le *auses o6 *ogniti2e de*line
+. predi*t pro&a&ilit% o6 de2eloping dementia
3. measure progression o6 neurodegenerati2e disease
Winblad B., et al. J of Internal Medicine 2004;56:240-246
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D4,NOS4S BND4N, (#)D4,NOS4S BND4N, (#)
4. ! 4
#. uto7llo -
'el.gg.memori
+. Tes memori trn di&and.Usia 7 pdd'.
3. $enampil.'og.glo&al
normal
5. D1 normal.. Belum ms' 'riteria
demensia
44. D $OSS4B1".
#.Demensia dg onset
7 se&a& &er2ariasi
+.Tdp. 'el. sistemi' 7
'el. ota' %g lain.
3.De6isit 'ogiti6 single
%ang progresi6.
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D4,NOS4S BND4N, (+)D4,NOS4S BND4N, (+)
444. D $ROBB1"#. nam.7 tes neuro psi.
demensia (9)
+. De6.memori %gprogresi6 dgn satuarea 'og.%g lain.
3. Ta' ada penurunan'esadaran.
5. Onset 5>8E> tn.
. ,g sistm7'el.Ota'pen%e&a&Demmensia (8)
4J. D D"F4N4T#. da 'riteria D
pro&a&le dari #8s/d
+. $em. Histopatologi D(9) &ai' &iopsi atauautopsi.
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DIAGNOSIS BANDING
, DELIRIUM
1. A>&tan a$ut2 >$t a>&tan)&$et )g te4at.
". Pe%?ln $l&n&n a$ut2 0e% %@% m&nggu
. Re6e%&0le.3. D%&enta&24) *ae a>al.
5. -lu$tua& )% ?am $e ?am.
7. Pe%u0 *&l#g& n;ata.
8. T$ $ea)a%an *lu$tuat&*.
. Rentang >a$tu aten&4en)e$.
. Gg &$lu t&)u% 0angun 26a%&a& )% ?am $e ?am.
1. GG. P&$#m#t.?ela 4) *aea>al
, DEMENSIA
1. A>&tan ta$ ?ela2>$t a>&t
an ta$ )&$et.
". Pe%?ln $l&n& 4e%laan2 0taa44g%e&*.
. I%%e6e%&0le.3. Pa)a *ae lan?ut.
5. +a%& $e a%&.
7. T&)a$ n;ata.
8. Be%$a0ut 4) taa4 a$&%.
. N#%mal..9a%&a& )% &ang@ malam.
1. -ae lan?ut
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DIAGNOSIS BANDING
, PSEUDO D.
1. A>&tan2 a$ut )g 4e%u0 t$la$u.
". M##)/ 0an;a$ $eluan2 ta$0 $e%?a$an tet t4 a&l
0a&$.. Image )&%& / ?ele$
3. Keluan 00/ an&eta2&n#mn&a2an#%e$&
5. Du%a&/ 0e%6a%&a&2 )4tem0u 4#ntan t te%a4&.
7. Alaan $#nulta& / Ru?u$anen)&%&2 'ema ta$ut 4en;.A.
8. R&>a;at 0lmn;a / gg.4&2maala 4%&0a)& $el.
, DEMENSIA
, 1. Pe%laan 0e% 0ulan 0ulan.
, ". Tet neu%# ?ele$2 t4 4a&enuaa %anal $an $e(@!ann;a.
, .N#%mal., 3. a%ang $)@$) 00
&n#mn&a.
, 5. Keluan / 4%#g%e&*24e%laan 2 0e% 0ln@0ln.
, 7. D&0a>a $elua%gan;a #$
mem#%& n t$ la$u 0e%u0a., 8. Ta$ ?a%ang a)a $el2
Demen&a
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DIAGNOSIS BANDING
S$#% &$em&$ +a'&n$&, D. 9ASKULER
1. A>&tan men))$ / "
". Dete%%a& 0e%taa4 / 1
. Pe%?ln $l&n /*lu$tuat&* / "
3. Ke0&ngungan malam / 1
5. Ke4%&0 ta$ tgg / 1
7. De4%e& / 1
8. Kelu. #mat&$ /1
. Em#& ta$ ta0&l / 1
. R&>a;at &4e%ten& / 1
1. R&>. St%#$e /"11. A%te%le%#& /1
1". Kel. Neu%# *#$al / "
1. Ge?ala neu%# *#$al / "
, D. DGENERATI-1
, 1. $#% / n#l.
, ". D.DEGENERATI- /BILA SKOR KURANG 5
. D. 9ASKULER /
BILA SKOR LEBI+ 7
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R"SU!"R"SU!"
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R"SU!"R"SU!"
(iagnosis Gg-Kognitif 8 CI
.- Keluhan mudah lupa usia lan4ut perlu
di9aspadai' masih a senium naturale,
atau0ah sdh patologis-
/- CI merup-salah satu gg- Kognitif' terms0
0elompo0 perantara antara AAI dgn
stadium a9al Pen$- (ementia l
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3. 'irn%a di'aruniai ptimal Aging atauSu**es6ulAging , adala *ita8*ita minimaldi'aruniai ormal aging.
5. Selamat menjadi tua tapi tetap &erguna dengan a
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K#ne4 MCI
N#%mal MCI AD
25 1 CDR
1 " 3
GDS(Pete%en R.2 MCI S;m4#&um2 St#'$#lm "!
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Faktor Resiko
Umur 65 tahun
Riwayat keluarga MCI, Demensia, D
!enyakit "antung, Diabetes Mellitus,#troke, $rauma ke%ala, De%resi, In&eksi
!engobatan berlebihan
Merokok 'era(unan
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ktiftas kurang
#osialisasi
!en)i)ikan ren)ah
Res%on stres berlebihan Nutrisi *elek
Defsiensi +itamin
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-ung&
K#gn&t&* MCI Demen&a
N#%mal
P%e6ent&*
MCI
S&m4t#mat&$ t%eatment
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$era%i
Fokus %re+enti& )emensia )an D
elum a)a obat yang )isetu*ui FD untukMCI
$era%i - #im%tomatik .Farmakologis )an NonF/
!re+enti&
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$era%i #im%tomatis Farmakologis MCI
(etyl Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Nootro%i( ntioksi)an
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$era%i #im%tomatik MCI
(etyl Cholinesterase Inhibitor -
0 Dono%e1il, Ri+astigmin, )an
2alantamine
0 In)ikasi )emensia ringan, se)ang .FD/ 0 Mem%erbaiki kogniti&, eha+iour )an D3
0 !erbaikan selama 4 thn %ertama %a)a %asien
MCI )engan Dono%e1il +it7 .#etelah 8
thn tak berbe)a )engan %la(ebo .!etersen R7, et al, N 7ngl " Me) 9::5/
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$era%i #im%tomatik - Nootro%i(
Piracetam , Perbai-an memori pada non
%emensia ee- positi pada
test atensi . memori/Piracetam dan training memori
ee-ti perbai-an -ogniti
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'erapi imptomati- ,
Antio-sidan
2inkoiloba -
Fito&armaka
'esan se)ikit e&eksam%ing
Multi(enter trial 5: minggu
%erbaikan kogniti& )an &ungsi sosial
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$era%i Non Farmakologis
Psi-ososial 0omuni-asi2 Inormasi2 dan&du-asi3
Program terapi
4 Pelatihan memori
4 (e-reasi terapi
5 'erapi (eminens
5 $rientasi nyata5 timulasi -ogniti
4 )atihan fsi- /
$ i ! ti&
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$era%i !re+enti&MCI
!enggunaan statin untuk %enurunankolesterol
.Dekosky #, m " Me), 9::5/ !enggunaan anti hi%ertensi
.;ui(
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'erapi PreventiMCI
#tu)i >?I @ 7strogen @ !rogestin tak )a%atmen(egah MCI
.3an1a, et al, 9::5/
#tu)i D!$ @ N#ID @ Cole(o
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$era%i !re+enti& MCI
Resiko tinggi %a)a kea)aan - $ekanan )arah )iastolik usia %ertengahan)engan !A7B
.De(arti C, et al, r(h Neuro 9::4/
$ekanan )arah sistolik usia %ertengahan kolesterol tinggi
.'i+i%ello N, et al, 3an(et Neurology 9::5/
Defsiensi asam &olat 49
.>ang ?, et al, Neurology 9::4/
'a)ar ?omo(ysteine tinggi %a)a usia %ertengahan.#a(h)ey !, et al, r(h Neurol, 9::B/
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!re+enti& Rosenblum .9::5/
untuk menurunkan resiko %enurunan &ungsikogniti&
0 Mengobati kon)isi me)is MCI
0 Mem%ertahankan akti+itas mental
e
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Ringkasan
MCI bersi&at heterogen
!enanganan )iutamakan %re+enti& mengobati &aktor resiko untuk MCI )emensia
$era%i &armakologis bersi&at sim%tomatis )anbelum a)a obat yang mem%erlambat %roses)emensia
(etyl(holinesterase inhibitors mem%erbaiki
sim%tom *angka %en)ek !erawatan latihan fsik, mental )an akti+itas
sosial, %enting men(egah %enurunan kogniti&
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S " K 4 NS " K 4 N
, TERIMA KASI+ ATAS
PER+ATIANNYA
, T+ANK YOU, ARIGATO
,
MATUR UFU .