Key Performance Indicator of Container Terminal (In Indonesian)
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Transcript of Key Performance Indicator of Container Terminal (In Indonesian)
Key Perfomance Indicator
Container Terminal A Basis Computation
Cited by: Capt. Suzdayan M.Mar @2012
Page 2
“Efficiency is the Key Word of
Terminal Management”
Page 3
Key Performance Indicator
Performansi terbagi atas 3 (tiga) yaitu:
1. Performansi Fisik, yaitu output dari fasilitas yang ada di CT dan ini bisa di
hitung untuk setiap jenis fasilitas (dermaga, yard, crane, labour dll)
2. Perfomansi Finansial, yaitu kontribusi dari tiap pelayanan/service yang
disediakan
3. Perfomansi Kualitas, yaitu Kehandalan (realibility), Flexibility, penerapan
aturan, waktu yang dibuang untuk menyelesaikan suatu kendala, dan ini
menjadi faktor yang sangat penting dalam persiangan CT di bandingkan
harga. Performansi kualitas juga berarti kemampuan suatu terminal dalam
memecahkan suatu masalah.
Definitions
Page 4
Key Performance Indicator Definitions
Summary of performance indicators suggested by UNCTAD
Financial indicators Operational indicators
Tonnage worked Arrival date Arrival date
Berth occupancy revenue per ton of cargo Waiting time
Cargo handling revenue per ton of cargo Service time
Labor expenditure Turn-around time Tonnage per ship
Capital equipment expenditure per ton of
cargo Fraction of time berthed ships worked
Contribution per ton of cargo Number of gangs employed per ship per
shift
Total contribution Tons per ship-hour in port
Tons per ship hour at berth
Source: UNCTAD (1976) - United Nations Conference
on Trade and Development
Tons per gang hours
Fraction of time gangs idle
Page 5
Key Performance Indicator
Apa yang dimaksud dengan
Indikator yaitu:
Suatu tools dan cara untuk
mengukur performansi , yang
dilakukan secara objektif
Indikator tergantung dari keandalan
data / informasi yang tersedia
Untuk menganalisa efisiensi suatu
CT harus memisah aktivitas untuk
memetakan kekuatan (strength) dan
kelemahan (weaknesses)
Definitions
Saat ini sangat banyak faktor yang
di pertimbangkan oleh Shipping
lines dalam memutuskan Terminal
yang akan disandari oleh kapal
mereka.
Sevices atau pelayanan adalah faktor
yang sangat penting, termasuk fasilitas
terminal, peralatan BM yang modern,
dukungan rute kapal feeder, tariff,
otpimalisasi operasional, waktu
storages, kecepatan BM, safe handling,
data infomasi / IT system yang akurat
dan real time.
Page 6
Key Performance Indicator
Berth Output Indicator
Adalah menunjukkan performansi tiap berth yang tersedia
Berth Throughput (BT) adalah jumlah TEU yang ditangani pada satu
dermaga/berth dalam periode tertentu (biasanya satu tahun)
BT = total TEU / one year on the berth concerned
Berth Indicator
Berth Service Indicator, untuk menentukan TRT/Turn Round Time kapal
Waiting Time (WT) adalah selisih waktu TA dan TB
WT ratio : cumulated time for waiting (in hours)
total number of ships
Service Time(ST) adalah selisih waktu TB dan TD
ST ratio : cumulated service time
total number of ships
Page 7
Key Performance Indicator
Time in Port (PT) atau TRT , waktu antara TA sampai TD
TRT ratio : cumulated WT + ST
total number of ships
Berth Occupancy Ratio (BOR) adalah menunjukan intensitas penggunaan
dermaga dalam periode tertentu.
BOR : ∑ service time
hours in a year (other period)
Berth Worked Time (BWT) adalah jumlah jam efektif operasional kapal,
memberikan indikasi kualitas pelayanan kapal.
BWT ratio : ∑ time worked
∑service time
Berth Indicator
Page 8
Key Performance Indicator
Ship Output Indicator adalah adalah
mengukur rate cargo yang ditangani
(bongkarmuat) kapal.
Ada tiga indikator yaitu :
Worked Ship Output (WSO)
Berth Ship Output (BSO)
Port Ship Output (PSO)
WSO – TEU per worked hour
WSO : ∑ TEU handled
∑ worked hours
Handling Output Indicator
BSO – TEU per ship at berth
BSO : ∑ TEU handled
∑ service hours
• PSO – TEU per ship hour in port
• PSO : ∑ TEU handled
∑ hours in port
It is logically that WSO > BSO > PSO
Faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah : metode penanganan / handling,
jumlah gang dan jumlah alat yang digunakan
Page 9
Key Performance Indicator
Ship Output tergantung dari kinerja gang / buruh yang bekerja dalam
menangani kapal., untuk itu perlu diketahui gang output .
Average output per gang hour : ∑ TEU (or boxes) handled
∑ (gang x hours worked)
Average number of gang per ship : ∑ number of gang
number of ships
• Faktor yang mempengaruhi: kualitas dan kapasitas alat, jenis kapal
dan kebijakan insentif.
Gang Output Indicator
Page 10
Key Performance Indicator
Utilization Equipment, estimasi kapasitas dan mobilisasi alat, yang
dihitung per hari atau per bulan atau per tahun
Rate of Utilization of cranes : number of worked hours
number of available hours
Utilization of Workers
Rate of Utilization of workers : ∑ (men x hours) worked
∑ (men x hours) available
Faktor yang mempengaruhi: jenis alat, jenis muatan, jenis kapal,
kepadatan traffic, frekuensi breakdown alat.
Utilization Ratio Indicator
Page 11
Key Performance Indicator
Lebih fokus kepada utilisasi Storage Yard yang di hitung per hari yaitu
Dwelling Time (DT)
Average DT : ∑ (TEU) x dwell time)
∑ TEU stored
Faktor yang mempengaruhi: keterlambatan clearance Bea Cukai,
kemampuan shipper dalam mengurus dokumen, kapasitas CY, kebijakan
tariff .
Storage Yard Indicator
Page 12
Key Performance Indicator
Working hours, yaitu dimana suatu terminal beroperasi 24/7 untuk
penanganan muatan, di lain sisi pelayanan terkait tidak 24/7
Ketepatan waktu (punctuality)
Punctuality Ratio : ∑ delayed time (arrival or departures)
number of calls
Flexibility Indicator
Page 13
Key Performance Indicator Reliability Indicator Keamanan (security)
Indicator of security : ∑ number of pilfirage cases (pencurian)
∑number of BL or manifest
Di hitung dalam per bulan atau per tahun
Reliability indicator : number of effective worked days
number of schedules working days
Adalah umum digunakan jika terjadi pemogokan (strikes) atau kejadian
sosial lainnya di pelabuhan.
Page 14
Indicator and Basis of Computation
Indicator Computation
Average ship round time Total hours vessel stay in port divided by Total
no. of ships
Average tonnage per vessel day
(hours)
Total tonnage of cargo handled divided by Total
no. of vessel days (hours)
Average vessel time at berth Total hours alongside berths divided by Total
no. of vessels berthed
Tons per gang hour Total tonnage handled divided by Total no. of
gangs x total no. of hours worked
TEUs per crane (hook) hour
Total no. of TEUs handled divided by Total no.
of cranes used x total no. of hours cranes
worked
Dwell time Total no. of cargo tons x days in port divided by
Total tonnage of cargo handled
Berth throughput Total tonnage of cargo handled at berths
divided by Total no. of berths
Page 15
Indicator and Basis of Computation
Indicator Computation
Throughput per linear meter Total tonnage of cargo handled at berths
divided by of wharf Total length of berths
Berth occupancy rate (%) Total time of ships at berths x 100 divided by
Total no. of berths x 365 days
Berth utilization rate (%) Total time that ships actually work x 100
divided by Total time of ships alongside
Berth Worked Time - BWT Total worked time from commence to complete
operation
Effective time – ET (net time) BWT minus Total Idle+HC+Breakmeal
Boxes Crane Hour – BCH
(crane rate) Total no. of boxes handled divided by Net time
Boxes Shipped Hour – BSH
(elapsed rate) Total no. of boxes handled divided by BWT
Page 16
References 1. Performance Measurements of ContainerTerminal Operations, Soner
Esmer♣Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi
Cilt 10, Sayı: 1, 2008
2. Terminal Operations and Performance Indicators, David Whitaker,
Professor Bernard Francou PhD, 2004
3. Ooptimizing Yard Operations in Port Container Terminal, Louise K
TRANBER
4. Operations Systems of Container Terminals: A Compendious
Overview, Birgitt Brinkmann, (2005) Seeh‥afen – Planung und
Entwurf. Springer, Berlin
5. Container terminal operation and operations research - a
classification and literature review. In H.-O. G¨unther and K. H. Kim,
editors, Container Terminals and Automated Transport Systems
6. Port Performance Indicator, Kek Kho Chuung, 2003, Transportation,
water and urban development department the world bank
Page 17
“ Continuous Improvement in
Services and Productivity is
Customer Need”