Kajian Teknis Dan Ekonomis Peledakan Overburden Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Alat Gali Muat Dan...

8/17/2019 Kajian Teknis Dan Ekonomis Peledakan Overburden Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Alat Gali Muat Dan Mengoptimal…

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A. JUDUL

KAJIAN TEKNIS DAN EKONOMIS PADA PELEDAKAN

OVERBURDEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA ALAT GALI

MUAT DAN MENGOPTIMALKAN BIAYA PELEDAKAN DI PT. ALLIED

INDO COAL

B. LATAR BELAKANG

Sistem penamban an !a"an an bat#ba$a %an "ite$ap&an "i PT.

ALLIED INDO COAL a"a'a( sistem penamban an te$b#&a ) open pit *. Unt#&

"apat menamban bat#ba$a %an be$a"a +a#( "iba,a( pe$m#&aan ma&a

te$'ebi( "a(#'# "i'a&an &e iatan pen #pasan tana( pen#t#p (overburden) .

Lapisan - e$b#$"en "i sini te$"i$i "a$i 'apisan bat#pasi$ ) sandstone */ %an

se!a$a 0isi& !#p &e$as. Me'i(at si0at 0isi& - e$b#$"en %an "emi&ian/ ti"a&

m#n &in pen #pasann%a "i'a&an 'an s#n "en an men #na&an pe$a'atan

me&anis/ sepe$ti "$a 'ine/ e1!a at-$ ata# s(- e'. Pe'e"a&an a"a'a( !a$a

pe$tama %an (a$#s "itemp#(/ &em#"ian 0$a mentasin%a "ipin"a(&an -'e(

"$a 'ine &e'-&asi t#mp#&an %an te'a( "i$en!ana&an/ se(in a 'apisan

bat#ba$a "apat te$sin &ap.

Men in at ba(,a - e$b#$"en b#&an'a( sasa$an bisnis "a$i tamban ini/

ma&a "ipe$'#&an s#at# te&ni& pe'e"a&an %an e&-n-mis/ e0isien "an $ama(

'in n an se$ta bat#ba$a %an "ipe$-'e( "apat men#t#pi sem#a bia%a

-pe$asi/ te$mas#& pemin"a(an - e$b#$"en. Unt#& mempe$-'e( p-'a pe'e"a&an

%an pa'in e0isien "an "apat "i #na&an se!a$a te&nis biasan%a ti"a& "i$ai(


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se&eti&a/ me'ain&an (a$#s me'e,ati bebe$apa pe$!-baan "en an men #ba(2

#ba( pa$amete$ pe'e"a&an sampai a&(i$n%a "ipe$-'e( (asi' %an mem#as&an.

. Dist$ib#si 0$a mentasi (asi' pe'e"a&an se!a$a 'an s#n be$pen a$#(

pa"a &ine$+a a'at m#at %an "in%ata&an "a'am 3b!m4+am5. Pa$amete$ %an

"apat men#n+#&&an bai& ata# b#$#&n%a &ine$+a "a$i a'at m#at "apat "i'i(at

"a$i ni'ai 'a+# pen a'ian ata# p$-"#&ti itas %an "i(asi'&an a'at a'i m#at

te$seb#t. Ja"i/ #nt#& te$!apain%a s#at# ta$ et p$-"#&si pa"a s#at# pe'e"a&an

ti"a& (an%a "itet#&an -'e( 0$a mentasi (asi' pe'e"a&an n%a/ tetapi +# a

"ipen a$#(i -'e( &emamp#an a'at a'i m#at %an te$se"ia.

C. IDENTIFIKASI MASALAH

6. Men in at - e$b#$"en b#&an'a( sasa$an bisnis pa"a tamban / +i&a ti"a&

"itan ani se!a$a tepat nantin%a "apat men #$an i &e#nt#n an %an a&an

"ipe$-'e( -'e( pe$#sa(aan.

7. A"an%a b-#'"e$ %an "i(asi'&an "a$i pe'e"a&an men#n+#&an p-'a

pe'e"a&an %an "ite$ap&an be'#m -ptima'.

8. Unt#& penan anan b-#'"e$ %an "i(asi'&an "a$i pe'e"a&an - e$b#$"en ini

meme$'#&an a"an%a se!-n"a$% b'astin / (a' ini tent# a&an men #na&an

tamba(an bia%a.

D. BATASAN MASALAH

1. Setiap '#ban temba& "ias#msi&an e$i&a'.2. Ba(an pe'e"a& %an "i #na&an be$#pa AN9O.3. Pen #$an 0$a mentasi "i'a&an "en an men #na&an p$- $am

&-mp#te$ Split Desktop


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4. Unt#& pe$en!anaan #'an e-met$i pe'e"a&an pen#'is mene$ap&an

$#m#san R.L.As(.5. Unt#& memp$e"i&si 0$a mentasi (asi' pe'e"a&an "i #na&an $#m#s

K#:nets- ; R-sin Ram'e$ )KU


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7. Men &a+i se!a$a e&-n-mis te$(a"ap -pe$asi pe'e"a&an %an "ite$ap&an

-'e( pe$#sa(aan/ se(in a bia%a2bia%a %an "i&e'#a$&an -'e( pe$#sa(aan

#nt#& setiap &a'i -pe$asi pe'e"a&an men"apat&an bia%a p$-"#&si pa"a

tin &at %an ,a+a$..

G. MANFAAT PENELITIAN

1. Bagi Perusahaana. Bebe$apa "ata sepe$ti pen #$an pen #$an a&t#a' spasi4b#$"en "an

(asi' pen #$an 0$a mentasi &i$an%a "apat "i #na&an seba ai "ata

a,a' #nt#& menin &at&an &ine$+a a'at b-$ "an met-"e pe'e"a&an. b. Den an men eta(#i #$an 0$a mentasi #nt#& tipe2tipe a'at a'i m#at

"i(a$ap&an &ine$+a "an p$-"#&ti0itas a'at a'i m#at bisa "itin &at&an.1. Bagi Pene i!i

a. Seba ai sa'a( sat# s%a$at #nt#& men%e'esai&an p$- $am st$ata sat# "an

mempe$-'e( e'a$ sa$+ana te&ni& pa"a 9a'tas Te&ni& Uni e$sitas

ne e$i Pa"an . b. Seba ai sa$ana "a'am menamba( ,a,asan "an pen a'aman &(#s#s

"a'am men #n &ap&an/ men &a+i/ "an me$en!ana&an e-met$i

pe'e"a&an %an e&-n-mis.!. Ba i pen#'is/ seba ai pemb#&tian "an pe$ban"in an te-$i2te-$i ata#

$#m#s2$#m#s pe$(it#n an 0$a mentasi "an e-met$i pe'e"a&an %an

"ipe$-'e( "i ban 'ia( "en an &-n"isi n%ata "i 'apan an.

H. TINJAUAN UMUM PERUSAHAAN

1. Des"ri#si PerusahaanPT. A''ie" In"- C-a' me$#pa&an pe$#sa(aan #m#m %an me'a&an

&e iatan penamban an bat#ba$a "en an +enis pe$#sa(aan PKP7B

)Pe$+an+ian Ke$+asama Pen #sa(aan Pe$tamban an Bat#ba$a* ses#ai


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&-nt$a& N-. J7 4 Ji.D#47>46@ > pa"a tan a' 76 A #st#s 6@ >. Masa

&-nt$a& penamban an a"a'a( 87 ta(#n "an "ip$e"i&si&an a&an be$a&(i$

pa"a Ta(#n 7 6 "en an '#asan a$ea == a.A,a'n%a pe$#sa(aan ini a"a'a( pe$#sa(aan s,asta %an "i"#n

-'e( pem-"a'an asin . Den an PT. A''ie" #eens'an" C-a'0ie'"s )A C*

Limite" "a$i A#st$a'ia "an PT. Mit$a Aba"i Sa&ti "a$i in"-nesia "en an

&-mp-sisi sa(am F "an 7 F. Sebe'#m pa"a a&(i$n%a PT. Mit$a Aba"#

Sa&ti men ambi' a'i( sa(am A C pa"a Ta(#n 6@@7.Pa"a a,a'n%a &e iatan e&sp'-$asi "i pa$amba(an te'a( "i'a&an

-'e( peme$inta( pa"a Ta(#n 6@ > "an 6@ 8. &e iatan e&sp'-$asi

"i'an+#t&an -'e( PT. AIC "a'am Ta(#n 6@ > ; 6@ . sete'a( &e iatan

e&sp'-$asi "i'a&sana&an ma&a PT. AIC me'a&an penamban an te$b#&a

%an &e$+asama "en an PT. Unite" T$a!t-$ #nt#& "i isi a'at be$at "a'am

pen emban an pe$a'atan penamban an.Pa"a Ta(#n 6@@6 PT. AIC se'a pemi'i& asa penamban an )KP*

be&e$+asama "en an PT. PAMA PERSADA NUSANTARA (in a Ta(#n

6@@?/ "an se'an+#tn%a se!a$a be$t#$#t2t#$#t "en an &-nt$a&t-$ PT.

Be$&e'in"- Ja%a P$atama "an PT. Pas#$a Bina Tamban . Nam#n pa"a Ta(#n 7 6 &e iatan penamban an sempat

men (a"api an #an &a$ena a"an%a pe$masa'a(an tamban $a&%at.

Disampin it# SR ) St$ippin $ati- * sema&in tin i/ ma&a PT. AIC

me'a&an pen emban an &e tamban ba,a( tana( %an "i$esmi&an pa"a

b#'an -&t-be$ 7 8 "en an &-nt$a&t-$ PT. Te'a a Ma&m#$ Se+ati ) TMS *. Dan pa"a Ta(#n 7 = sei$in "en an membai&n%a (a$ a bat#ba$a

pa"a pasa$an inte$nati-na' ma&a PT. AIC me'a&an &emba'i tamban

te$b#&a "en an &-nt$a&t-$ PT. Cipta K$i"atama ) CK *.


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Pa"a Ta(#n 7 PT. Tamas# Ba$a Utama me'a&an &-nt$a& &e$+a

sama penamban an "en an PT. AIC #nt#& me'a&an &e iatan

penamban an tamban te$b#&a. Dan pa"a Ta(#n 7 6 CV. Te'a a ma&m#$ Se+ati $esmi

membe$(enti&an &e iatan penamban an "i&a$ena&an 0a&t-$ e-'- i %an

&-mp'e&s. Ope$asi penamban an %an "i'a&an -'e( PT. Tamas# Ba$a Utama

"en an p-'a tamban te$b#&a )Open C#t Mine* s&a'a &e!i' "an Tamban

Ba,a( Tana( CV. Te'a a Ma&m#$ Se+ati +# a Met-"e %an "i #na&an

#nt#& &e iatan tamban ba,a( a"a'a( met-"e '-$-n pan+an )L-n ,a''

met(-"* "en an sistem pen a'ian m#n"#$ )$et$eatin s%stem*/ %ait#

met-"e tamban ba,a( tana( %an "ite$ap&an pa"a 'apisan bat#ba$a %an

tipis "an "ata$ )&emi$in an 'apisan $an "a$i 8 * "en an memb#at

pane'2pane' penamban an. Pa"a penamban an bat#ba$a s%stem m#n"#$/

penamban an "im#'ai "en an memb#at +a'an pa"a &e"#a sisi pane'

seba ai +a'an mas#& pe&e$+a pen an tan mate$ia' "an "ite$#s&an "en an

pemb#atan pe$m#&aan &e$+a/ &em#"ian ba$# "i'a&an penamban an

"en an a$a( &ema+#an men"e&ati +a'an #tama. Masin 2masin "en an

p$-"#&si >. t-n pe$ b#'an #nt#& Tamban Te$b#&a "an Tamban

Ba,a( Tana( )Un"e$ $-#n" Minin * "en an p$-"#&si 6.> t-n pe$

b#'an.$. L%"asi &an Kesa'#aian Daerah

Se!a$a e- $a0is ,i'a%a( penamban an PT. AIC/ Tb&. te$'eta& pa"a

&--$"inat 6 =?H= 5 2 6 = H= 5 B#+#$ Tim#$ "an

8>H8=5 ; 8?H>@5 Lintan Se'atan. Se!a$a a"minist$ati0 &-nsesi


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penamban an PT. AIC/ Tb&. te$mas#& "a'am ,i'a%a( Pa$amba(an/

Ke!amatan Ta'a,i/ K-tama"%a Sa,a('#nt-/ P$-pinsi S#mat$a Ba$at. Ja$a&

anta$a "ae$a( penamban an "en an &-ta Pa"an @ &m "i sebe'a( tim#$

&-ta Pa"an / "apat "itemp#( "en an &en"a$aan $-"a empat pa"a +a'an

'intas S#mate$a me'a'#i L#b#& Se'asi( men#+# K-ta S-'-&/ K-ta S-'-&

men#+# K-ta Sa,a('#nt- "an "apat "itemp#( se'ama 82= +am.Unt#& 'ebi( men eta(#i '-&ai PT. A''ie" In"- C-a' "apat &ita 'i(at pa"a

) Gamba$ 6*

Sumber : PT. Allied ndo !oal Ga'(ar 1. Pe!a %"asi &an "esa'#aian &aerah

Batas2batas '-&asi penamban ana. Sebe'a( Uta$a

1) i'a%a( Desa Bat# Tan+#n "an Desa T#mp#a& Tan a(/ &e!amatan

Ta'a,i/ K-ta Sa,a('#nt-.

$) K#asa pe$tamban an e&sp'-itasi PT S#mate$a Be$+a%a Se$asi. b. Sebe'a( Tim#$ Batas sebe'a( tim#$ me'ip#ti ,i'a%a( J-$-n B#&i& B#a "an K-t-

Pan+an / Na a$i V K-t- VII/ &ab#paten Sa,a('#nt-4Si+#n+#n .!. Sebe'a( Se'atan

Batas sebe'a( se'atan me'ip#ti ,i'a%a( Desa Sa'a&/ Ke!amatan Ta'a,i/

K-ta Sa,a('#nt-.". Sebe'a( Ba$at

Batas sebe'a( ba$at me'ip#ti ,i'a%a( Desa Sa'a& "an Si+antan K-t-/


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&e!amatan Ta'a,i/ K-ta Sa,a('#nt-.*. Ge% %gi &an Su'(er Da+a Ba!u(ara

a. Ge-'- i Dae$a( Penamban anEn"apan bat#ba$a Pa$amba(an be$a"a pa"a 0-$masi Sa,a('#nt-

be$#m#$ te$sie$ "i "a'am !en an Ombi'in/ %an te$"i$i "a$i tana(

pen#t#p/ bat# 'emp#n )!'a%st-ne*/ bat# 'ana# )si'tst-ne*/ bat# pasi$

)san"st-ne*/ !-a'% !'a%/ "an bat#ba$a. En"apan bat#ba$a te$seb#t

memi'i&i 'apisan #tama %an men an"#n bat#ba$a %ait# 'apisan A/

'apisan B/ "an 'apisan C. Lapisan A te$"i$i "a$i empat 'apisan/ 'apisan

B te$"i$i "a$i 'ima 'apisan "an 'apisan C te$"i$i "a$i ti a 'apisan. Ja$a&

anta$a 'apisan A "an 'apisan B a"a'a( $ata2$ata 6> m/ se"an &an +a$a&

anta$a 'apisan B "an 'apisan C a"a'a( $ata2$ata 8> m. Lapisan %an

p-tensia' #nt#& "itamban (an%a 'apisan B6/ "an C6 C7 %an

mempe$'i(at&an &emi$in an bat#ba$a be$&isa$ anta$a > 26>- &e a$a(

se'atan "an tim#$. b. M-$0-'- i/ St$ati $a0i/ "an i"$- e-'- i Dae$a( K-nsesi

Penamban an6* M-$0-'- i

i'a%a( &-nsesi penamban an PT.AIC be$a"a pa"a

,i'a%a( %an te$'eta& pa"a $an &aian pe #n#n an b#&it ba$isan

%an me$#pa&an m-$0-'- i pe$b#&itan ini &etin iann%a bisa

men!apai >? M "a$i pe$m#&aan 'a#t "en an &emi$in an %an

a a& 'an"ai &e a$a( Tim#$. Sementa$a s#n ai %an a"a "ise&ita$

&a,asan ini a"a'a( s#n ai simana "an s#n ai -mbi'in %an

a'i$an%a be$si0at "en$iti&.7* St$ati $a0i

Cen an Ombi'in me$#pa&an !en an se"imen te$sie$


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%an te$'eta& pa"a me"ian $a"ien "ianta$a east ba$isan $an e "an

,est ba$isan $an e. Dan "apat &ita 'i(at st$ati $a0i -mbi'in be$it

pa"a ) 'ampi$an A *.Se!a$a #m#m #-t'ine "a$i !en an Ombi'in membentan

"a$i N 2SE. Cen an Ombi'in "ibent#& "a$i "#a sit#asi %ait#

#m#$ pe'- en "an ne- en/ "ibatasi -'e( t$en" Uta$a ; Se'atan "a$i

pata(an Tan+#na Ampa'#/ Ba$at La#t ; Ten a$a "ibatasi -'e(

st$i&e sitan &an "an pata(an Si'#n &an . Se"an &an Ba ian Ba$at

-'e( +a'#$ #'&anis G#n#n Ma$api/ G#n#n Sin a'an / "an

G#n#n Ma'intan .Lit-'- i $e i-na' %an te$"apat "i PT. AIC a"a'a(a* 9-$masi B$ani K-n '-me$at "en an sisipan bat# pasi$/ be$#m#$ O'i -sen.

b* K#a$sa Pasi$ Den an 0en-&$is K#a$sa "an 9e'"spe$/ be$#m#$ T$ias.

8* i"$- e-'- i Se!a$a #m#m (i"$- e-'- i "ae$a( Sa,a('#nt- te$"i$i "a$i

a&i0e$ p$-"#&ti0 se"an / a&i0e$ p$-"#&ti0 &e!i'/ "an ai$ tana(

'an &a. Unt#& "ae$a( Pa$amba(an &-n"isi ai$ tana(n%a a"a'a( ai$

tana( 'an &a "iman s#'it se&a'i #nt#& menem#&an ai$ &a$ena pa"a

'-&asi ini 'it-'- i bat#ann%a a"a'a( bat#an int$#si "i-$it/ $anit/

se$ta bat#an se$pi( bat# 'emp#n / "an ampin napa'an "imana

sem#a bat# ini memi'i&i tin &at &e'#'#san bat#an te$(a"ap ai$

san at &e!i'.!. K#a'itas Bat#ba$a

Bat#ba$a PT. AIC Ja%a memi'i&i a'itas %an san at bai&/ "a$i

ana'isa a'itas bat#ba$a %an "i'a&an -'e( PT. S#!-0in"- "en an

&'asi0i&asi ASTM )Ame$i!an Stan"a$t 0-$ Testin Mate$ia'* bat#ba$a


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PT. AIC Ja%a te$mas#& tin &at Bit#min-#s i ( V-'ati'e B "en an

ni'ai &a'-$i . 7 K!a'4K . A"ap#n a'itas bat#ba$a pa"a PT.AIC

"apat &ita 'i(at pa"a tabe' be$it. Ta( e 1 , Kua i!as Ba!u(ara PT. AIC Ja+a

Para'e!er Ra!a-ra!a

T-ta' M-ist#$e )F* AR

P$-1imate Ana'is%s )ADB*

• In(e$ent M-ist#$e )F*

• As( C-ntent )F*

• V-'ati'e Matte$ )F*

• 9i1e" Ca$b-n

T-ta' S#'p(#$ )F*

Ca'-$i0i! Va'#e )K!a'4K *

a$" $- e G$in"abi'it% In"e1

C%a ran"

?/=7

7/ >

/8

8 /7@

>6/??

/

=

=?

BITUMIN US

Sumber : PT. Allied ndo !oal

". K#antitas Bat#ba$aDa$i (asi' e&sp'-$asi +# a te'a( "i&eta(#i te$"apat 7 'apisan

#tama %ait# B6 "an C/ "imana 'apisan C men a'ami pemisa(an

)sp'ittin * men+a"i 7 'apisan %ait# C6 "an C7. &emi$in an 'apisan

bat#ba$a be$&isa$ > (in a 6> . Lapisan B6 me$#pa&an 'apisan

bat#ba$a "en an &eteba'an be$&isa$ 6/8 ; 8/68 m. 'apisan B6 ini

"apat "itamban "en an tamban te$b#&a "an tamban ba,a( tana(.Lapisan C6 me$#pa&an 'apisan bat#ba$a "en an &eteba'an

be$&isa$ 7/> ; = m be$a"a pa"a 8> ; = m "i ba,a( 'apisan bat#ba$a

B6 se(in a se'ain "itamban se!a$a tamban te$b#&a +# a

mem#n &in&an #nt#& "itamban "en an tamban ba,a( tana(.


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Lapisan C7 me$#pa&an 'apisan bat#ba$a "en an &eteba'an be$&isa$ 8

; > m be$a"a (ampi$ sama "en an 'apisan bat#ba$a C6 nam#n

memi'i&i si0at %an 'ebi( &-mp'e&s. K#a'ita bat#ba$a Ai! "apat "i'i(at

"a'am Tabe' 6/ se"an &an K-n"isi a&(i$ ne$a!a !a"an an bat#ba$a

PT. AIC Ja%a a"a'a( seba aimana te$!ant#m "a'am tabe' 7 be$it

Ta(e $, Nera/a Ca&angan Ba!u(ara.

N- L-&asi Tamban Sisa !a"an an %an "apat "itamban6 Seam B6 6.8>@.>= /@> T-n7 Seam C6 6. @ .7> / > T-n8 Seam C7 6.=@=. @=/ T-n

T-ta' Ca"an an =.?==.>@7/ T-n Sumber : PT. Allied ndo !oal "a#a$ (2%1%)

*) I" i' &an Curah Hu0ana. I&'im

I&'im pa"a "ae$a( &-nsesi pe$taban an Sa,a('#nt- pa"a

#m#mn%a ti"a& +a#( be"a "en an &-n"isi "ae$a( tamban 'aninn%a

"en an i&'im t$-pis. Den an s#(# 7@28> - C pa"a sian (a$i. Dan 7>2

86- C pa"a ma'am (a$i. b. C#$a( #+an

Data !#$a( (#+an pa"a "ae$a( ini !#p tin i/ %a&ni ?=.> M'

pa"a b#'an A #st#s 7 67. Data !#$a( (#+an ini "apat "i'i(at "i

'ampi$an 6.) Re" a'asi

a. Rea'isasi $e&'amasiKe iatan $e&'amasi 'a(an %an te'a( "i'a&sana&an me'ip#ti

penataan a$ea ,aste "#mp "i '#a$ '#ban tamban )-#t pit "#mp*

Se'an+#tn%a "i'a&an peneba$an tana( p#!#& "an penanaman.

Kema+#an &e iatan $e&'amasi (in a a&(i$ ma$et Ta(#n 7 6

seba aimana "isa+i&an pa"a tab'e 8 be$it Ta(e *, Rea isasi Re" a'asi


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Sumber : PT. Allied ndo !oal$ (2%1%) Pa"a #m#mn%a "ae$a( %an se'esai "itamban "an ti"a&

"iman0aat&an #nt#& &epe$'#an 'ain/ 'an s#n "i$e&'amasi %an

men!ap a&ti0itas pen emba'ian 'apisan bat#an pen#t#p/ membent#&

+en+an ata# te$as/ pe$ataan pe$m#&aan/ peneba$an tana( )s#b s-i'

t-p s-i'* "an pemban #nan sistem pen a'i$an ai$ ata# SPA "an

$e e etasi ata# penanaman.Jenis t#mb#(an 4 e etasi %an "i&emban &an #nt#&

pen (i+a#an a"a'a( A'bi::ia 0a'!ate )Sen -n* A!asia Man i#m

)A&asia* Ana!a$"i#m -!!i"enta'e )Mete M#ntin ia !a'ab#$a )Ce$i*.

A"ap#n tanaman pen#t#p )!- e$ !$-p* %an "i #na&an a"a'a( +enis

$#mp#t2$#mp#tan se$ta &a!an 2&a!an an. P-p#'asi tanaman p-&-&

6 >.=? "an tanaman pen#t#p se&ita$ . Batan . Data +#m'a(

bibit %an a"a sampai "en an Ma$et 7 6 . b. Peman0aatan 'a(an

L#as KP PT. A''ie" In"- C-a' +a%a 8 7/= (e&ta$. La(an %an

"iman0aat&an #nt#& #sa(a pe$tamban an "an 0asi'itas pen"#n


13/40


14/40

14

Men#$#t K-esna$%-/ -pe$asi pe'e"a&an "in%ata&an be$(asi' "en an

bai& pa"a &e iatan penamban an apabi'a

a. Ta$ et p$-"#&si te$pen#(i )"in%ata&an "a'am t-n4(a$i ata# t-n4b#'an*

b. Pen #naan ba(an pe'e"a& e0isien %an "in%ata&an "a'am +#m'a(

bat#an %an be$(asi' "ib-n &a$ pe$ &i'- $am ba(an pe'e"a& ) po&der

'a tor *

!. Dipe$-'e( 0$a mentasi bat#an be$#$an me$ata "en an se"i&it b-n &a(

)$an "a$i 6>F "a$i +#m'a( bat#an %an te$b-n &a$ pe$ pe'e"a&an*

". Dipe$-'e( "in"in bat#an %an stabi' "an $ata )ti"a& a"a overbreak /

over an* / $eta&an2$eta&an*

e. Dampa& te$(a"ap 'in n an ) 'l#ro k / eta$an/ &ebisin an/ as be$a!#n/

"eb#* minima'.

Ke iatan pemb-$an "an pe'e"a&an "i'a&an sa'a( sat#n%a #nt#&

men e+a$ ta$ et p$-"#&si %an "iin in&an. Ma&a "a$i it# &e iatan

pemb-$an "an pe'e"a&an (a$#s "i'a&an "en an see0isien "an see0e&ti0

m#n &in se$ta "en an ost )bia%a * %an minima'. Den an "emi&ian pe$'#

"i'a&an &a+ian atas e-met$i pe'e"a&an "an po&der 'a tor %an

"i #na&an se$ta 0$a mentasi (asi' pe'e"a&an men+a"i 'ebi( -ptima'.

$. Kara"!eris!i" Bahan Pe e&a"

Pemi'i(an ba(an pe'e"a& %an pa'in ses#ai me$#pa&an ba ian

"a$i &ese'#$#(an $an!an an "an p$-ses -ptimasi pe'e"a&an.Pemi'i(an

ba(an pe'e"a& ti"a& (an%a men%an t pe$timban an +#m'a( ene$ i %an

"ipe$'#&an #nt#& membe$ai bat#an/ tetapi +# a (a$#s "ises#ai&an "en an


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15

&-n"isi 'apan an. Ka$a&te$isti& ba(an pe'e"a& "apat "i&'asi0i&asi&an

men+a"i si0at 0isi& "an si0at "et-nasi.

a. Sifat Fisik Bahan Peledak

Si0at 0isi& ba(an pe'e"a& te$"i$i "a$i

6* B-b-t isi

Ke$apatan s#at# ba(an pe'e"a& "apat "in%ata&an "a'am be$at

+enis ) spe i'i *ravit# */ sti k ount "an loadin* densit# . Be$at +enis

a"a'a( nisba( &e$apatan ba(an pe'e"a& te$(a"ap &e$apatan ai$ pa"a

&-n"isi stan"a$. Sti k ount "in%ata&an "a'am +#m'a( artrid*e

be$#$an 6 1 in!i "i "a'am &-ta& sebe$at > p-n. +oadin*

densit# a"a'a( +#m'a( be$at ba(an pe'e"a& pe$ mete$ pan+an m#atan

%an biasan%a "in%ata&an "a'am 'b40t ata# & 4m. Ba(an pe'e"a& %an &e$apatann%a tin i biasan%a a&an men (asi'&an &e!epatan

"et-nasi "an te&anan "et-nasi %an tin i.

7* Keta(anan te$(a"ap ai$

Keta(anan ba(an pe'e"a& te$(a"ap ai$ a"a'a( #$an

&emamp#an s#at# ba(an pe'e"a& be$a"a "a'am ai$ "en an ti"a&

me$#sa& ata# men #$an i &epe&aann%a. Apabi'a te$"apat ai$ "i

"a'am '#ban temba& "an &ebe$a"aan ba(an pe'e"a& "a'am '#ban

temba& !#p 'ama ma&a pe$'# "i #na&an ba(an pe'e"a& %an

memi'i&i ni'ai &ater resistan e %an tin i.

Kebe$a"aan ai$ "a'am '#ban temba& a&an be$pe'#an

me$#ba( &eseimban an &imia ba(an pe'e"a& %an "apat


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16

men (ambat $ea&si pemba&a$an. Bi'a seb#a( '#ban temba& be$isi

AN9O ; AN be$si0at (i $-s&-pis ; &em#"ian te$a'i$i ai$ ma&a si0at

AN9O a&an se e$a be$#ba( &a$ena AN a&an 'a$#t "an men+a"i ti"a&

be$0#n si seba ai ba(an pe'e"a&. O'e( &a$ena it# se$in "i+#mpai

AN9O "imas#&&an &e"a'am &ant-n p'asti&. Ata# se!a$a &imia "an

0isi&a "ipe$'a&an "a(#'# "en an men%e'im#ti b#ti$ AN me'a'#i

e'atinisasi.

8* Ka$a&te$isti& Gas Pe'e"a&an

Gas %an "i(a$ap&an "a$i "et-nasi ba(an pe'e"a& &-me$sia'/

%ait# (i"$- en/ &a$b-n"i-&si"a "an nit$- en. Gas be$a!#n %an

te$&a"an m#n!#'/ %ait# &a$b-n m-n-&si"a "an nit$- en "i-&si"a

%an te$bent#& seba ai (asi' "a$i p$-ses pe'e"a&an %an ti"a& ,ero

o-#*en balan e . ero o-#*en balan e be$a$ti te$se"ian%a &an"#n an

-&si en %an tepat "a'am !amp#$an ba(an pe'e"a& se(in a -&si en

te$seb#t a&an be$ea&si (abis membent#& as CO 7 "an #ap ai$.

Se'ama te$+a"in%a $ea&si &imia "a'am ba(an pe'e"a&/ (i"$- en (an%a

be$ea&si membent#& #ap ai$/ &a$b-n be$ea&si membent#& as

&a$b-n"i-&si"a "an nit$- en a&an "i'epas&an "a'am bent#& as

nit$- en bebas.

4) Sensitivitas bahan peledak

Me$#pa&an #$an &em#"a(an ba(an pe'e"a& #nt#&

"iinisiasi "an &em#"a(an ba i s#at# $ea&si &imia ba(an pe'e"a&

%an te$+a"i "a'am '#ban temba& #nt#& men+a'a$ me'a'#i se'#$#(


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17

m#atan. Sensiti itas s#at# ba(an pe'e"a& me$#pa&an 0#n si "a$i

ba(an2ba(an %an te$"apat "a'am ba(an pe'e"a&/ #$an pa$ti&e'/

"iamete$ m#atan/ "e$a+at pen%es#aian "an bebe$apa 0a&t-$ 'ainn%a.

5)Stabilitas ki ia

Se!a$a &imia ba(an pe'e"a& ti"a& be$#ba( +i&a "i+a a pa"a

&-n"isi pen%impanan te$tent#/ nam#n "emi&ian "apat "i&ata&an

ba(,a stabi'itas &imia a&an be$#ba( a&ibat bebe$apa (a'. I&'im/

&e'embaban/ 0asi'itas #"an pen%impanan/ &-n"isi tempe$at#$

e&st$im/ a'itas ba(an menta( pe'e"a& "an &-ntaminasi "apat

mempen a$#(i stabi'itas &imia "a$i ba(an pe'e"a&.

b. Sifat !et"nasi Bahan Peledak

6* Keatan

Me$#pa&an #$an %an "i #na&an #nt#& men #$ ene$ i

%an te$&an"#n "a'am ba(an pe'e"a& "an &e$+a %an "apat

"i'a&an -'e( ba(an pe'e"a&. U$an &eatan %an "ipa&ai #nt#&

meni'ai ba(an pe'e"a& &-me$sia' %ait# &ei* t stren*t %an

memban"in &an &eatan ba(an pe'e"a& "en an "asa$ be$at %an

sama "an atrid*e stren*t %an memban"in &an &eatan ba(an

pe'e"a& "en an "asa$ -'#me %an sama.

7* Ke!epatan "et-nasi

Ke!epatan "et-nasi me$#pa&an &e!epatan pen+a'a$an

e'-mban &e+#t "a'am &-'-m ba(an pe'e"a&. Ke!epatan "et-nasi

"ipen a$#(i -'e( ba(an2ba(an %an te$"apat "a'am ba(an pe'e"a&/


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18

#$an pa$ti&e' "a$i ba(an2ba(an/ b-b-t isi/ "iamete$ m#atan "an

"e$a+at pen #$#n an. Pen #$an an #$an b#ti$/ penamba(an

"iamete$ m#atan "an penamba(an "e$a+at pen #$#n an a&an

menamba( &e!epatan "et-nasi. Sema&in besa$ &e!epatan "et-nasi

s#at# ba(an pe'e"a& ma&a a&an sema&in besa$ s atterin* e''e t )e0e&

(an!#$an* %an "i(asi'&an.

Unt#& pe'e"a&an pa"a bat#an &e$as "apat "ipa&ai ba(an

pe'e"a& %an memp#n%ai &e!epatan "et-nasi %an tin i/ se"an &an

pa"a bat#an %an '#na& "an memi'i&i ban%a& bi"an 'ema( "apat

"i #na&an ba(an pe'e"a& %an memi'i&i &e!epatan "et-nasi %an

$en"a(.

8* Te&anan "et-nasi

Te&anan "et-nasi me$#pa&an #$an te&anan "i "a'am

e'-mban "et-nasi/ %an be$pe$an "a'am memban &it&an p#'sa

&e+#tan "a'am bat#an. Te&anan "et-nasi "in%ata&an "en an

pe$samaan

P" 7/> 1 1 VOD 7.

Kete$an an

P" te&anan "et-nasi )MPa*

b-b-t isi ba(an pe'e"a& )& 4m 8*

VOD &e!epatan "et-nasi )m4"eti&*

Men#$#t Ban"(a$i )6@@ * as stabi' %an te$bent#& "i

be'a&an "ae$a( $ea&si #tama )'i(at Gamba$ 8. * menimb#'&an


19/40

19

te&anan pe'e"a&an pa"a "in"in '#ban temba& %an besa$n%a

/=> te&anan "et-nasi.

Ga'(ar $. De!%nasi Pa&a Bahan Pe e&a" 3Sushi Bhan&ari4

1556)

=* Te&anan Pe'e"a&an

Gas2 as %an te$bent#& (asi' "a$i $ea&si &imia ba(an pe'e"a&

a&an menimb#'&an te&anan "a'am '#ban temba& %an te$$#n .

Te&anan ini "iseb#t te&anan pe'e"a&an %an besa$n%a men#$#t

Ban"(a$i %ait# =>F "a$i te&anan "et-nasi. Te&anan pe'e"a&an

mamp# membe$i&an ene$ i %an 'ebi( besa$ pa"a p$-ses pe'e"a&an

"a$ipa"a te&anan "et-nasi/ (a' ini "isebab&an -'e( pe$i-"e

e'-mban te&anan %an 'ebi( besa$ "a$ipa"a pe$i-"e te&anan

"et-nasi.

*. Ran/angan Pe e&a"an

Ran!an an pe'e"a&an "ib#at "en an t#+#an men -nt$-' "an

mema&sima'&an ene$ i ba(an pe'e"a& #nt#& membe$ai&an massa bat#an.


20/40

20

S#at# (asi' pe'e"a&an a&an be$ ant#n pa"a be$ba ai 0a&t-$/ %ait#

&eatan bat#an/ -$ientasi bi"an "is&-ntin#iti/ +enis ba(an pe'e"a&/

"ist$ib#si ba(an pe'e"a& "a'am bat#an/ $an!an an pen%a'aan pe'e"a&an/

p-'a pemb-$an "an e-met$i pe'e"a&an. Da'am s#at# $an!an an pe'e"a&an

pe$'# "ipe$(ati&an p-'a pemb-$an %an ses#ai "en an &-n"isi "i 'apan an

se$ta (asi' %an (en"a& "i!apai pa"a p$-ses pe'e"a&an.

Da'am pen e$+aann%a/ p-'a pemb-$an %an se$in "i #na&an

a"a'a(

a. S/uare pattern

P-'a pemb-$an "en an +a$a& b#$"en %an sama "en an +a$a&

spasin%a. P-sisi '#ban temba& pa"a ba$is be$itn%a be$a"a tepat

se+a+a$ "i be'a&an '#ban temba& pa"a ba$is "i "epann%a.

b. 0e tan*ular pattern

P-'a pemb-$an "en an +a$a& spasi %an 'ebi( besa$ "a$ipa"a +a$a&

b#$"en. Da'am pene$apann%a "i 'apan an/ p-'a ini memi'i&i +a$a& spasi

ma&sima' sebesa$ "#a &a'i +a$a& b#$"en.

. Sta**ered Pattern

P-'a pemb-$an "imana p-sisi '#ban temba& pa"a ba$is

be$itn%a be$a"a "i ten a( spasi ba$is "i "epann%a. Pene$apan p-'a

sta**ered "i 'apan an mamp# membe$i&an &e#nt#n an/ %ait#

men (asi'&an "ist$ib#si ene$ i pe'e"a&an %an 'ebi( bai& "an

!en"e$#n membe$i&an &ese$a aman 0$a mentasi. P-'a sta**ered


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21

mamp# membe$i&an #$an 0$a mentasi %an -ptima' pa"a +a$a& spasi

sebesa$ 6/6> &a'i +a$a& b#$"en.

Dae$a( pen a$#( ene$ i pe'e"a&an tiap '#ban pa"a be$ba ai

p-'a pemb-$an "apat "i'i(at sepe$ti Gamba$

Ga'(ar *. Daerah Pengaruh Energi Pe e&a"an Tia# Lu(ang Pa&a

Ber(agai P% a Pe'(%ran 3D7N N BEL4 1558)

Ge-met$i '#ban temba& pa"a pe'e"a&an +en+an "i tamban

te$b#&a "apat "i'i(at pa"a Gamba$


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22

Ga'(ar . Para'e!er Ran/angan Pe e&a"an

9a&t-$20a&t-$ "asa$ "a'am pe$an!an an s#at# e-met$i pe'e"a&an

a"a'a(

a. B#$"en

B#$"en me$#pa&an +a$a& "a$i '#ban temba& te a& '#$#s

te$(a"ap 'ree 'a e te$"e&at "an a$a( "imana pe$pin"a(an a&an te$+a"i.

Da'am $an!an an e-met$i pe'e"a&an/ te$"apat "#a "e0inisi b#$"en/

%ait#true burden "an apparent burden . True burden men%ata&an +a$a&

b#$"en ses#n #(n%a sete'a( "i$an &ai p-'a inisiasin%a "an a$a(

pe'e"a&ann%a. Apparent burden men%ata&an +a$a& b#$"en %an ses#ai

"en an p-'a pemb-$an sebe'#m "i'a&an pen at#$an inisiasin%a.


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23

Ga'(ar 9. Bur&en-S#asi Ber&asar"an Ran/angan Pen+a aan

:a"!u Tun&a

Ni'ai &e"#a b#$"en ini bisa sama apabi'a p-'a pe$an &aian ,a&t#

t#n"a ses#ai "en an $an!an an e-met$i pe'e"a&an "imana sem#a

'#ban temba& "i'e"a&&an "en an p-'a inisiasi ro& b# ro& .

S#at# pan"#an %an "apat "i #na&an #nt#& men estimasi ni'ai

b#$"en %ait# nisba( b#$"en %an se$in "i&ena' "en an KB. Men#$#t

R.L. As( pa"a ni'ai KB 8 a&an "ipe$-'e( (asi' %an mem#as&an

#nt#& &-n"isi 'apan an $ata2$ata. Nisba( b#$"en pa"a &-n"isi ini

"iseb#t seba ai K B stan"a$. Unt#& pe'e"a&an pa"a bat#an "an ba(an

pe'e"a& %an b#&an stan"a$/ ma&a ni'ai KB "apat "ipe$-'e( "en an

men #na&an pe$samaan

KB KB st" 1 A9 6 1 A9 7

A9 6 ( )

( )

846

846

Stan"a$ Pe'e"a&Ba(anKineti&Ene$ i

Di #na&an%anPe'e"a&Ba(anKineti&Ene$ i


24/40

24

A9 6

( ) ( )( )

846

7

7

*Stan"a$ P'"&.B(n.Det.Ke!.)Stan"a$ P'"&B(n.IsiB-b-tDipa&aiYP'"&.B(n.Det.Ke!.Dipa&ai%P'"&B(n.IsiB-b-t

-

-

A9 7user

std r

Q

Q

ρ

ρ

Kete$an an

r use B-b-t isi bat#an %an "i'e"a&&an )'b4!#0t*

r std B-b-t isi bat#an stan"a$ )'b4!#0t*

K-nstanta As( me'ip#ti

6* KB st" 8

7* B-b-t isi ba(an pe'e"a& stan"a$ 6/7 t-n4m 8

8* Ke!epatan "et-nasi ba(an pe'e"a& stan"a$ 67 0ps 8?? m4s

=* B-b-t isi bat#an stan"a$ 6? 'bs4!#0t 7/ 7 t-n4m 8

Pe$samaan2pe$samaan "i atas men#n+#&&an ba(,a KB

be$ ant#n pa"a si0at b-b-t isi "an &e!epatan "et-nasi. Ene$ i &ineti&

me$#pa&an pe$&a'ian massa %an "i,a&i'i b-b-t isi "en an a"$at

&e!epatan "et-nasi/ ma&a a&an "ipe$-'e( besa$an t#$#nan ene$ i &ineti&

pa"a A9 6 seba ai be$it

Ene$ i &ineti& /> 1 1 VOD7

)& 4m8* 1 )m4s*7

78

7

s1mm1&


25/40

25

Usa(a a"a'a( J#m'a( a%a %an "ipe$'#&an #nt#& memin"a(&an

s#at# massa "a$i s#at# tempat )s 6* &e tempat 'ain )s 7*.

J-#'e ∫ 7

6

s

s

9."s

Ne,t-n 1 mete$

)& 1 m4s7* 1 m

7

7

sm1&

Den an s#bstit#si besa$an J-#'e te$(a"ap ene$ i &ineti& ma&a

"ipe$-'e(

Ene$ i &ineti& 77

sm1&

1 8m6

8m

J-#'e

Den an "emi&ian/ besa$an ene$ i &ineti& pa"a A9 6 sama

"en an ene$ i spesi0i& ba(an pe'e"a&.

Ji&a A97 "ipin"a(&an &e $#as &i$i a&an "ipe$-'e( pe$samaan

KB 1 )64A9 7* KBst" 1 )A9 6*

Ka$ena A9 7 memi'i&i pe$ban"in an sat#an %an sama ma&a

sat#an pa"a $#as &i$i a"a'a( peban"in an b-b-t isi bat#an %an

"i'e"a&&an "en an bat#an stan"a$

B-b-t isi bat#an 8m&

"en an $a itasi )m4s7* ma&a "ipe$-'e(


26/40

26

87

m*)m4s1&

Unt#& setiap mete$ bat#an %an "i'e"a&&an ma&an a&an

"ipe$-'e( besa$an %an me$#pa&n ene$ i spesi0i& bat#an %an

"i'e"a&&an/ %ait#

Ene$ i spesi0i& 87

m*)m4s1&

1 m

8mJ-#'e

Se(in a pa"a "asa$n%a besa$an pa"a $#as &i$i "an &anan

pe$samaan a"a'a( me$#pa&an besa$an ene$ i spesi0i&. Pa"a A9 7 "apat

"it#'is&an "emi&ian &a$ena anta$a bat#an stan"a$ "an bat#an %an a&an

"i'e"a&&an memi'i&i pe$!epatan $a itasi %an sama "an "i #na&an

setiap besa$an mete$ %an sama. Den an "emi&ian aspe& %an

"ipe$(it#n &an -'e( R. L. As( pa"a pe$samaan a"a'a( ene$ i spesi0i&

ba(an pe'e"a& %an "i #na&an "en an ene$ i spesi0i& bat#an %an a&an

"i'e"a&&an.

Ni'ai b#$"en )&a&i* seba ai 0#n si "iamete$ '#ban temba&

)in!i* a"a'a(

B 67

D1KB e

Men#$#t K-n%a )6@@ */ ni'ai b#$"en "apat "i&eta(#i me'a'#i

(#b#n an anta$a spe i'i *ravit# bat#an "en an spe i'i *ravit# ba(an

pe'e"a& "an "iamete$ '#ban temba&.


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27

B -DeS3r

S3e - +

>/67

Kete$an an

B#$"en ('t)

S e Be$at +enis ba(an pe'e"a&

S r Be$at +enis bat#an

De Diamete$ '#ban temba& )in!i*

b. Ke"a'aman '#ban temba&

Ke"a'aman '#ban temba& %an "i$an!an ti"a& b-'e( 'ebi(

&e!i' "a$ipa"a #$an b#$"en/ (a' ini "ima&s#"&an #nt#& men (in"a$i

raterin*.

!. Spasi

Spasi a"a'a( +a$a& anta$a '#ban 2'#ban b-$ %an "i$an &ai

"a'am sat# ba$is "an "i#$ se+a+a$ te$(a"ap bi"an bebas.Ni'ai spasi ini

"apat "ipe$-'e( me'a'#i $asi- spasi te$(a"ap b#$"en )KS* %an besa$n%a

be$ ant#n pa"a ,a&t# t#n"a %an "ipe$ #na&an/ %ait#

Inte$ a' ,a&t# t#n"a %an 'ama KS 6

Inte$ a' ,a&t# t#n"a %an pen"e& KS 6 ; 7

N-$ma' KS 6/7 ; 6/

Pe$&i$aan spasi (a$#s mempe$(ati&an inte$a&si ene$ i anta$

'#ban temba& %an be$"e&atan. Ji&a setiap '#ban temba& "i'e"a&&an

"en an ,a&t# t#n"a %an !#p pan+an a&an "ipe$-'e( 'e"a&an %an

semp#$na "an ti"a& te$+a"i inte$a&si ene$ i e'-mban "ianta$a '#ban 2


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'#ban temba&. Apabi'a m#atan2m#atan %an be$"e&atan "iinisiasi

se!a$a be$#$#tan "en an inte$ a' ,a&t# t#n"a %an !#p ba i setiap

m#atan #nt#& men%e'esai&an e0e& pe'e"a&ann%a/ ma&a ti"a& a&an a"a

inte$a&si anta$ e'-mban ene$ i. Ji&a m#atan "iinisiasi se!a$a

be$samaan "en an ,a&t# t#n"a %an san at "e&at ma&a e0e& pe'e"a&an

a&an menin &at "an men%ebab&an te$+a"in%a bent#$an ene$ i "an e0e&

eta$an tana( %an besa$. Men#$#t K-n%a/ ni'ai spasi "apat

"ipe$&i$a&an be$"asa$&an nisba( anta$a tin i +en+an te$(a"ap b#$"en

(sti''ness ratio * "an pen%a'aan pe'e"a&an/ sepe$ti "it#n+#&&an pa"a

Tabe'.

Ta(e .

Ni ai S#asi Ber&asar"an Hu(ungan Stiffness Ratio Dan :a"!u

Tun&a 3K%n+a4 155;)

Sistem pen%a'aan L4B = L4B =Se$enta&

T#n"a

S )L 7B*48

S )L B*4

S 7B

S 6/= B Ni'ai b#$"en "an spasi me$#pa&an "imensi %an san at pentin

"a'am pen -nt$-'an ,a&t# t#n"a sebab me'ibat&an bebe$apa pa$amete$

%an men+a"i ba(an pe$timban an -pe$asi pe'e"a&an/ %ait#

pe$timban an te$(a"ap pe$pin"a(an bat#an/ pen -nt$-'an "in"in /

pen -nt$-'an #$an 0$a mentasi/ pen -nt$-'an ai$b'ast/ pen -nt$-'an

'l# ro k "an pen -nt$-'an eta$an pe'e"a&an.

d. Stemmin*


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Stemmin* a"a'a( '#ban temba& ba ian atas %an ti"a& "iisi

ba(an pe'e"a&/ tetapi biasan%a "iisi -'e( uttin* (asi' pemb-$an %an

"ipa"at&an "i atas ba(an pe'e"a&. Stemmin* be$ #na #nt#& men+a a

&eseimban an te an an "a'am '#ban b-$/ men #$#n as (asi' p$-ses

&imia ba(an pe'e"a& "an men -nt$-' &em#n &inan te$+a"in%a air blast

"an 'l# ro k. Unt#& mempe$-'e( (asi' pe'e"a&an %an bai&/ ni'ai

stemmin* %an "ipe$ #na&an sama "en an pan+an b#$"en &a$ena si0at

mate$ia' pemampat %an $an pa"at a&an men a&ibat&an &e!epatan

$ambat e'-mban pa"a mate$ia' pemampat 'ebi( &e!i' "a$ipa"a massa

bat#an. Da$i (asi' pen a'aman/ ni'ai stemmin* %an !-!-& #nt#&

mempe$-'e( (asi' pe'e"a&an %an bai& %ait# be$ni'ai / 1 b#$"en.

e. Subdrillin*

Subdrillin* a"a'a( '#ban temba& %an be$a"a "i ba,a(

batas +en+an / %an pan+an n%a "ipen a$#(i -'e( st$#&t#$ bat#an

pa"a "asa$ +en+an "an a$a( '#ban temba&. T#+#an "a$i subdrillin*

a"a'a( a a$ bat#an "apat me'e"a& se!a$a 'ull 'a e seba aimana %an

"i(a$ap&an. Unt#& &eban%a&an &-n"isi %an a"a/ ni'ai subdrillin*

%an "ipe$'#&an se(a$#sn%a ti"a& b-'e( 'ebi( &e!i' "a$i /7 &a'i ni'ai

b#$"en. Unt#& mempe$-'e( 'antai +en+an %an $ata ma&a pan+an

subdrillin* %an "ian+#$&an a"a'a( /8 &a'i b#$"en.

. FRAGMENTASI

Sa'a( sat# t#+#an #tama "a$i &e iatan pe'e"a&an %ait# membe$ai

bat#an (in a te$bent#& 0$a men %an "apat "itan ani -'e( a'at m#at "an


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a'at2a'at pen -'a(an "en an e0isien. Pen #$an te$(a"ap 0$a mentasi "an

t#mp#&an %an te$bent#& a&an membe$i&an mas#&an "a'am penent#an

"esain pe'e"a&an "an pemi'i(an ba(an pe'e"a& %an !-!-& #nt#& &-n"isi

tamban te$tent#.

Pe$masa'a(an 0$a mentasi %an timb#' "apat "isebab&an -'e(

bebe$apa (a' be$it

a. Keti"a&ses#aian "esain pe'e"a&an te$(a"ap &-n"isi 'apan an.

b. Pene$apan "esain pe'e"a&an %an b#$#& "i 'apan an.

!. K-n"isi massa bat#an %an be$ a$iasi.

U$an 0$a men %an "ipe$'#&an #nt#& tana( pen#t#p )over burden)

"an en"apan ba(an a'ian be$be"a sebab #$an 0$a men %an "iin in&an

#nt#& OB )over burden) a"a'a( %an ses#ai "en an #$an bu ket "an

&emamp#an mesin a'i #nt#& men (asi'&an p$-"#&ti itas "an 'a+#

pen a'ian %an tin i se"an &an #nt#& en"apan ba(an a'ian be$ ant#n

pa"a &eb#t#(an #nt#& p$-ses be$itn%a. Unt#& mema(ami masa'a(

0$a mentasi %an timb#'/ "ipe$'#&an s#at# pema(aman te$(a"ap

me&anisme te$bent#&n%a 0$a mentasi it# sen"i$i.

9. P%


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Kete$an anS9 S,e'' 9a!t-$ )F*VS V-'#me S-'i" )m8*VL V-'#me L--se )m8*Apabi'a "itan%a&an be$at (asi' pe'e"a&an/ ma&a "i(it#n "en an

men a'i&an -'#me "en an "ensitas bat#ann%a %an "i$#m#s&an

(Sumber: ursus "uru +edak elas ) VL 1 ρ

Kete$an an Be$at asi' Pe'e"a&an )t-n*

VL V-'#me L--se )m8*ρ Densitas masa bat#an ) $4!!*Pe$'# "iin at ba(,a be$at (asi' pe'e"a&an bai& "a'am -'#me pa"at

ma#p#n -'#me 'epas be$ni'ai sama/ tetapi "ensitasn%a be$be"a/ "i

mana "ensitas pa"a &-n"isi 'epas a&an 'ebi( &e!i' "iban"in pa"at. b. Pe$(it#n an +#m'a( ba(an pe'e"a&

+oadin* densit# %ait# +#m'a( ba(an pe'e"a& setiap mete$

&e"a'aman &-'-m '#ban 'e"a& 'i(at Tabe' 68.Densitas pen isian

"i #na&an #nt#& men (it#n +#m'a( ba(an pe'e"a& %an

"ipe$'#&an setiap &a'i pe'e"a&an. Disampin it#/ pe$(ati&an p#'a

&-'-m '-ban 'e"a& )L* pa"a ) amba$ ? * %an te$ba i men+a"i

3pen%#mbat5 ata# stemmin* )T* "an 3isian #tama5 )PC*. Ba(an

pe'e"a& (an%a te$"apat sepan+an &-'-m PC/ se(in a &epe$'#an

ba(an pe'e"a& setiap &-'-m a"a'a( pe$&a'ian PC "en an "ensitas

pen isian ) ρ "*. )Sumber: ursus "uru +edak elas * (an"a& PC 1 ρ "

t-ta' (an"a& n 1 PC 1 ρ "

S9

F61Vs

VL


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)Sumber: ursus "uru +edak elas *

8. Bia+a #e e&a"an

C-nt-( Pe$(it#n an #nt#& bia%a2bia%a pe'e"a&an

Bia+a Bahan Pe e&a"

Tin i +en+an 7 m

Diamete$ '#ban temba& 6 7 mm

asi' bat#an pe$ '#ban 7@8 m 8

P$ime$ pe$ '#ban 6 b#a(

Be$at p$ime$ 8 &

a$ a p$ime$ US 7/>> 4 &

Be$at m#atan !-'#mn 67 &

a$ a m#atan !-'#mn US / > 4 &

a$ a p$ime$ 1 Be$at p$ime$

BIAYA PRIMER 22222222222222222222222222222222222222222

asi' bat#an pe$ '#ban

US / 88 4 m8

BIAYA MUATAN COLUMN US /86 4 m8

T TAL BIA7A HANDAK > BIA7A PRIMER ? BIA7A MUATAN

C LUMN

> US@ ;4*

Bia+a #ene'(a"an

Tin i +en+an 7 m


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Diamete$ '#ban temba& 6 7 mm

asi' bat#an pe$ '#ban 7@8 m 8

Sistem penemba&an List$i&

Det-nat-$ 4 '#ban temba& 6 b#a(

a$ a "et-nat-$ US 8/8 4 b#a(

a$ a B'astin Me!(ine US 8.? /

Um#$ B'astin Me!(ine > ta(#n

P$-"#&si pe$ ta(#n =6?. m 8

BIAYA DETONATOR a$ a "et-nat-$ 1 asi' bat#an pe$ '#ban

US / 6 4 m8

BIAYA BLASTING MEC INE

8.? /7@ 8

2222222222222222222222222222222222= 68/8 US / 8

86.8

T TAL BIA7A PENEMBAKAN > US@ ;4;1*6. A a! Mua!

A'at m#at a"a'a( a'at %an "i #na&an #nt#& mem#at mate$ia' (asi'

penamban an &e ba& a'at an t. A'at m#at "ipe$'#&an "a'am sem#a

-pe$asi %an te$'i(at "a'am pem#atan mate$ia' se'ama penamban an.Dasa$ pemi'i(an #$an a'at m#at a"a'a(

a. Besa$n%a p$-"#&si "an sin&$-nisasi "en an a'at an t. b. On &-s pen a'ian "an pem#atan %an seminima' m#n &in.!. Pen%es#aian "en an &-n"isi &e$+a "an +aminan &ese'amatan &e$+a.

P$-"#&si a'at "apat "i'i(at "a$i &emamp#an a'at te$seb#t "a'am

pen #naann%a "i 'apan an. A"ap#n 0a&t-$20a&t-$ %an mempen a$#(i

p$-"#&si a'at a"a'a(


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a. a&t# e"a$ a'at m#at

Te$"i$i "a$i ,a&t# #nt#& men isi m#atan/ ,a&t# a%#nan

be$m#atan/ ,a&t# #nt#& men#mpa(&an m#atan/ ,a&t# a%#nan &-s-n .

R#m#s

CTm Am Bm Cm Dm...................................................)8.6*

Kete$an an

CTm T-ta' ,a&t# e"a$ a'at m#at

Am a&t# #nt#& men isi m#atan

Bm a&t# a%#nan be$m#atan

Cm a&t# #nt#& men#mpa(&an m#atan

Dm a&t# a%#nan &-s-n

b. E0isiensi &e$+a

E0isiensi &e$+a a"a'a( peni'aian te$(a"ap pe'a&sanaan s#at#

pe&e$+aaan/ ata# me$#pa&an s#at# pe$ban"in an anta$a ,a&t# %an

"ipa&ai #nt#& be&e$+a "en an ,a&t# %an te$se"ia. Bebe$apa 0a&t-$

%an mempen a$#(i e0isiensi &e$+a a"a'a(

E0isiensi &e$+a Te$se"iaKe$+aa&t#E0e&ti0 Ke$+aa&t#

1 6 F.

!. K-n"isi Ja'an Tamban

Sa'a( sat# sasa$an %an pentin "a'am &e'an s#n an -pe$asi

penamban an te$#tama "a'am pe$ e$a&an a'at2a'at me&anis be$#pa a'at

m#at "an a'at an t a"a'a( &-n"isi +a'an tamban %an a&an

"i #na&an. Ja'an tamban %an "ima&s#" "isini a"a'a( +a'an an t

%an men (#b#n &an anta$a '-&asi pen a'ian "an '-&asi penimb#nan.


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Me'i(at 0#n si "a$i +a'an tamban seba ai +a'an an t #tama/ ma&a

&-n"isi +a'an tamban pe$'# "ipe$(ati&an #nt#& &e'an!a$an &e iatan

pen an tan.

". 9a&t-$ pen isian

9a&t-$ pen isian me$#pa&an pe$ban"in an n%ata s#at# a'at

"en an &apasitas ba a'at te$seb#t %an "in%ata&an "a'am pe$sen )F*.

A"ap#n 0a&t-$ %an mempen a$#(i 0a&t-$ pen isian s#at# a'at a"a'a(

6* Kan"#n an ai$.

Ma&in besa$ &an"#n an ai$ "a$i s#at# mate$ia'/ ma&a 0a&t-$

pen isian ma&in &e!i'. Sebab "en an a"an%a ai$ men a&ibat&an

$#an %an se(a$#sn%a te$isi mate$ia' "iisi -'e( ai$.

7* U$an mate$ia'.

U$an mate$ia' %an #m#mn%a 'ebi( besa$/ men%ebab&an ban%a&

$#an an "i "a'am bu ket %an ti"a& te$isi mate$ia'/ se(in a 0a&t-$

pen isiann%a men+a"i 'ebi( &e!i'.

8* Ke'en &etan mate$ia'.

Ji&a mate$ia' %an 'en &et ban%a& menempe' pa"a bu ket bai& "i sisi

"a'am ma#p#n '#a$n%a ma&a a&an men #$an i 0a&t-$ pen isian a'at

&a$ena -'#me bu ket men+a"i &e!i' .

J. KERANGKA K NSEPTUAL

3KAJIAN TEKNIS DAN EKONOMIS PADA PELEDAKAN OVERBURDEN

UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA ALAT GALI MUAT DANMENGOPTIMALKAN BIAYA PELEDAKAN DI PT. ALLIED INDO COAL5O$ientasi Lapan an


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Ga'(ar 8 , Kerang"a K%nse#!ua Pene i!ian.K. MET D L GI PENELITIAN

Da'am pene'itian ini pen#'is men #na&an met-"e pene'itian ntitati0.

Pene'itian antitati0/ a"a'a( pene'itian "en an mempe$-'e( "ata %an

be$bent#& an &a ata# "ata a'itati0 %an "ian &a&an )S# i-n-/ 7 67 *.

Se'ain met-"e pene'itian antitati0 pen#'is +# a men #na&an met-"e

pene'itian "es&$ipti0. Met-"e ini a"a'a( met-"e %an membi!a$a&an bebe$apa

&em#n &inan #nt#& meme!a(&an mas'a( se!a$a a&t#a' "en an !a$a

men #mp#'&an "ata/ men%#s#n ata# men &'asi0i&asi&ann%a/ men ana'isis/

"an men inte$p$etasi&ann%a )S#$a&(ma"/ 6@ 7 6= *.

Di "a'am me'a&sana&an pe$masa'a(an ini/ pen#'is men ab#n &an

anta$a te-$i "en an "ata2"ata 'apan an.Se(in a "a$i &e"#an%a "i"apat

pen"e&atan pen%e'esaian masa'a(. A"ap#n #$#tan pe&e$+aan pene'itian %ait# 6. St#"i Lite$at#$ "a$i t-pi&2t-pi& %an be$(#b#n an "en an tema &e$+a

s&$ipsi #nt#& mempe'a+a$i te-$i %an be$&aitan "en an a&ti itas pe'e"a&an

"an pen ambi'an "ata %an men!ap a. Data p$ime$/ "ata e-met$i pe'e"a&an #nt#& setiiap &e iatan "$i''in an"

Pe$masa'a(an

St#"i Lite$at#$ Pen ambi'an Data

DATA PRIMER 6. U$an e-met$i pe'e"a&an a&t#a' "an

-'#me bat#an.7. J#m'a( "an +enis ba(an pe'e"a& %an

"i #na&an.8. 9-t- "i ita' 0$a mentasi pe'e"a&an.=. P$-"#&ti0itas a'at a'i m#at.

DATA SEKUNDER 6. Peta L-&asi Ke iatan

D$i''in an" B'astin7. P-'a pe'e"a&an %an "ipa&ai

"i 'apan an8. Bia%a "an pema&aian ba(an

pe'e"a& Me'a&an pen #$an 0$a mentasi "en an

men #na&an 0-t- "i ita' "an memas#&&an &e p$- $am sp'it/ me'a&an &-$e&si te$(a"ap "ist$ib#si

0$a mentasi (asi' p$- $am &-mp#te$ Split Desktop$mempe$&i$a&an 0$a mentasi m-"e' K#:2Ram "a$i p-'a pe'e"a&an %an "i'a&an "i 'apan an/ "an

memban"in &an (asi' 0$a mentasi "en an&emamp#an %an "ii'i&i a'at a'i m#at %an te$se"ia.

Pen -'a(an Data

Ana'isis

Kesimp#'an


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b'astin . D-mentasi #nt#& setiap &e iatan pene'itian &(#s#sn%a #nt#&

&e iatan "$i''in an" b'astin %an a&an "i inp#t &e "a'am sp'it "e&st-p. b. Data sen"e$/ me'ip#ti "ata2"ata pe$#sa(aan ba ian b'astin "an

pe$en!anaan/ peta '-&asi pe'e"a&an/ b'astin "esi n "a$i setiap &e iatan

pe'e"a&an.7. Pen -'a(an "ata.8. Kesimp#'an "i"apat&an sete'a( "i'a&an ana'isis anta$a (asi' pen -'a(an

"ata %an te'a( "i'a&an "en an ba(asan %an "ite'iti.L. JAD:AL PELAKSANAAN

Pene'itian ini $en!anan%a a&an "i'a&sana&an se'ama 6 b#'an/ %ait# pa"a

tan a' 7 Ma$et; 7 Ap$i' 7 6?/ "en an +a",a' pe'a&sanaan seba ai

be$it

NO

Ke iatan

a&t# Pe'a&sanaan

6 7 8 =

6 O$ientasi Lapan an

7 Pen #mp#'an Re0e$ensi "an Data

8 Pen -'a(an Data

= K-ns#'tasi "an Bimbin an

> Pen%#s#nan "an Pen #mp#'anD$a0t Lap-$an

DAFTAR PUSTAKA


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An-nim7 67.Di&tat Peledakan Pada e*iatan Penamban*an a an alian . Diklat Teknik Pemberaian atuan . P#s"i&'at Te&n-'- i Mine$a'

"anBat#ba$a Ban"#n .

An-nim. +aporan$ Data6data dan Arsip PT. Trubaindo !oal 7inin*.

As(/ R.L6@@ . Desi*n o' lastin* 0ound .8Sur'a e 7inin*9 . B.A Kenne"%. E"it-$/S-!iet% 0-$ Minin / Meta'#$ %/ an" E1p'-ti-n/ In!.

K-esna$%-/ S. 7 6. Teori Peledakan . P#s"i&'at Te&n-'- i Mine$a' "an Bat#ba$aBan"#n .

Raim-n K-pa. 7 >. Panduan Pro#ek Ak ir P+ S61 Teknik Pertamban*anUni e$sitasNe e$i Pa"an .

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