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Biological activity

Corticosteroid

Mineralocorticoid Aldosterone promote Na+ reabsorption at distal conv. Tbl

excretion of K+ & H+

Addisons disease adrenal insufficiency Na+excreation

Glucocorticoid cortisolAntianabolic & catabolic

contra insulin

Antiinflamatory

Sex hormone

development, growth, maintenance & regulation of reproductive system

androgen C19

estrigen C18 Progresterone

Androgen

produced by testis

testosterone

5-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) active form

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Regulated by FSH & LH stimulate the production of ABP in Sertoli CSCC

in P450

transported by TeBG

metaboliszed in liver

excreted via kidney as sulfates 7 glucoronides

Estrogens

produced by : --ovary (E2 - estradiol & E1 - estrone)

--placenta (E2, E1 & E3 - Estriol)

activity similar with androgen:

increase lipogenesis (TAG/, Chol/, HDL/, LDL/)

increase protein synthesis in the liver (transcortin, ceruloplasmin, CBG, TBG)

decrease clotting time

increase platelet aggregation

regulated by FSH & LH

Progesterone

internediate in all steroid secreting cells

produced by CL & placenta

bound to transcortin (CBG)

affinity to CBG > cortisol

metabolized to pregnandiol glucoronide

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Lymphocyte Skeletal muscle Bone

Nitrogen excretion(glucose)

Electrolytes, water

Amino acids Amino acids

Cell K+ and Ca2 + ions

Protein synthesis

Enzyme induction

Aminotranferases F-1,

6-bisPase

G-6 Pase

Gluconeogenesis

Glucose Glycogen

Catabolic activityCell Lysis

Cell

Blood

Urine

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Muscle Cell

Muscle Cell

Amino acids

Glucose

Protein

Glycogen and

Metabolism

(-)

(-)(+)

(+)

(+)

Amino

acids

Glucose

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Inflammmatory response Immune response

Production of

Platelet-Activating

factor

Phospholipase

Nitricoxide

Phosphatidyl choline

Arachidonic acid

Cyclooxygenase Lipooxygenase

Prostaglandins

Thromboxanes

Leukotrienes

Neutrophil function

Phagocytosis

Bacterial killing

Vasodilation

Permeability

Leukocyte trapping

Macrophage Antigen

Interleukin-1 Fever

T cells

Interleukin-

2 and 6Tumor

necrosis

factor

T-cell proliferation

B-cell proliferation

Antibody production

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7-Dehydro

cholesterol

Activated in the

Skin by sunlight

Kidney Liver

1, 25 - dihydroxy vitamin D3

Ca2+

Binding

Protein

inducedBone Intestine

Mineralization

Absorption of Ca, Pi

Reabsorption of Ca, Pi

Ring opening

And hydroxylations Binding of active

Metabolite to

Vitamin D3 receptor

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Plasma calcium

PTH secretion

Plasma

phosphate

Renal phosphate

1,25 - (OH)2-D3

Intestinal absorption+

Plasma calciumPTH secretion

1,25 - (OH)2-D3

24,25 - (OH)2-D3

Urine

calcium

Plasma phosphate

Urine

phosphat

If excessiveCalcitonin secretion

Bone resorption

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Plasma calcium

Renal phosphate

Intestinal absorption+

Bone resorption

PTH secretion

1,25 - (OH)2-D3

24,25 - (OH)2-D3

Urine calciumPlasma phosphate Urine phosphate

Plasma phosphate

1,25 - (OH)2-D3