Bahasa Inggris XII (Rev.)

7/30/2019 Bahasa Inggris XII (Rev.)

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Compiled by: Mr. Henudin SMA YASMIDA Ambarawa

1 English for Communicative Purpose| Grade XII

CHAPTER 1

STANDAR KOMPETENSI

Memahami makna dalam teks fungsional pendek dan monolog berbentuk narrative,

explanation, dan discussion dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari

KOMPETENSI DASAR

Merespons makna dalam teks monolog yang menggunakan ragam bahasa lisan secara

akurat, lancar, dan berterima dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari dalam teks berbentuk:

narrative explanation, dan discussion

INDIKATOR

1. Mengidentifikasi tokoh-tokoh dalam cerita;

2. Menandai lokasi cerita;

3. Menemukan komplikasi cerita;

4. Menemukan resolusi cerita;

5. Menyimpulkan pesan cerita.

A. DEFINITION:

Narrative is a text focuses on specific participants.

B. SOCIAL FUNCTION / PURPOSE:

Its social function is to tell stories or past events and entertain the readers.

C. LANGUAGE FEATURE:

o Using saying verb; answered

o Using thinking verb; saw, was surprised to

o Using action verb; tie, hit

o Using time conjunction; once, one day

o Using connectives; after, the next day

o Using pasttense; there was a farmer, the man tied the tiger.

D. GENERIC STRUCTURE:

Orientation: Introducing the participants and informing the time and the place

Complication: Describing the rising crises which the participants have to do with

Resolution: Showing the way of participant to solve the crises, better or worse.

E. EXAMPLE:

Read this story, pay attention to its structure!


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SNOW WHITE

ORIENTATIONOnce upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her

Aunt and Uncle because her parents were dead.

COMPLICATION 1One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the

castle because they both wantedto go to America and they didnt have enough

money to take Snow White.

RESOLUTION 1Snow White did not want

her Uncle and Aunt to do

this so she decided it

would be best if she ranaway. The next morning

she ran away from home

when her Aunt and Uncle

were having breakfast. She

ran away into the woods.

COMPLICATION 2Then she saw this little

cottage. She knocked but

no one answered so she

went inside and fell asleep.

RESOLUTION 2Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside.

There they found Snow White sleeping.Then Snow White woke up. She saw the

dwarfs. The dwarfs said, What is your name? Snow White said, My name is

Snow White.

Doc, one of the dwarfs, said, If you wish, you may live here with us. Snow

White said, Oh could I? Thank you. Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole

story and Snow White and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever after.

F. EXERCISE:

Read the following text and identify the type and general terms in it. Then,

answer the questions! Name

Once upon a time there lived as neighbors, a bear and a rabbit. The rabbit was a

good shot and the bear, being very clumsy, could not use an arrow to a good

advantage.

The bear was very unkind to the rabbit. Every morning, the bear would call over to

the rabbit and ask the rabbit to take his bow and arrows and come with the bear to

the other side of the hill.


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The rabbit, fearing to arouse the bears anger by refusing, consented and went with

the bear. The rabbit shot enough buffalo to satisfy the bears family. Indeed, he shot

and killed so many that there was lots of meat left after the bear and his family had

loaded themselves and packed all they could carry home.

However, the bear was so greedy and evil that

he didnt allow the rabbit to get any of the

meat. The poor rabbit could not even taste

the blood from the butchering, as the

bear would throw earth on the blood and dry it

up. The poor rabbit would have to go home

hungry after his hard days work.

The bear was the father of five children. The

youngest boy was very kind to the rabbit. Knowing that the youngest boy was a very

hearty eater, the mother bear always gave him an extra large piece of meat. Instead

of eating this extra meat, the youngest bear would take the meat outside andpretend to play ball with it, kicking it toward the rabbit's house, and when he got

close to the door he would give the meat such a great kick that it would fly into the

rabbit's house. In this way the poor rabbit would get his meal unknown to the papa

bear.

Questions:

1. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?2. What is the suitable title for the story?3. What is the communicative purpose of the text above?

4. Every morning, the bear would call over to the rabbit and ask the rabbit to takehis bow and. (par. 2 line 2)What does the word hisrefers to?

5. the bear and his family had loaded themselves and packed all they couldcarry homeThe underlined word is closest in meaning to.

6. What tense is mostly used in the text?7. Where is the conflict of the story?8. What lesson can you learn from the story?

Arrange these sentences into a good paragraph!

1. Once upon a time, there was a young girl named Cinderella.2. The step mother and sisters were conceited and bad tempered.3. Her step mother made Cinderella do the hardest works in the house; such as

scrubbing the floor, cleaning the pot and pan and preparing the food for thefamily.

4. She lived with her step mother and two step sisters.5. They treated Cinderella very badly.6. Their mother gave them many handsome dresses to wear.7. The two step sisters, on the other hand, did not work about the house.

(taken from: the story of Cinderella)


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CHAPTER 2

STANDAR KOMPETENSI

Mengungkapkan makna dalam teks percakapan transaksional dan interpersonal resmidalam berlanjut dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari

KOMPETENSI DASAR

Mengungkapkan makna dalam percakapan transaksional ( to getthings done) daninterpersonal (bersosialisasi) resmi dan berlanjut (sustained) secara akurat, lancar, danberterima dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari dan melibatkan tindak tutur mengusulkan,

menyatakan puas dan tidak puas, menuduh, dan menyalahkan.

INDIKATOR

1. Mengidentifikasi makna tindak tutur mengusulkan, menyatakan puas dan tidak puas,menuduh, dan menyalahkan..

2. Merespons makna tindak tutur mengusulkan, menyatakan puas dan tidak puas,menuduh, dan menyalahkan..

3. Menentukan tindak tutur mengusulkan, menyatakan puas dan tidak puas, menuduh,dan menyalahkan.

4. Membuat dialog tindak tutur mengusulkan, menyatakan puas dan tidak puas,menuduh, dan menyalahkan. .

5. Mendemonstrasikan dialog tindak tutur mengusulkan, menyatakan puas dan tidakpuas, menuduh, dan menyalahkan..

A. EXPRESSING GIVING SUGGESTION

Asking for Suggestion:

Id like to suggest that .

Why dont you .?

Do you have any advice?

Can you give me some advice?

Do you have any idea about my old car?

If you were me, what would you do?

Can you recommend suitable clothes for the party?

Do you have any recommendations about a good restaurant in this city?

Giving Suggestion:

It sounds like a good suggestion.

I think youd better start looking for a job.

Try ignoring her for a while.

Let me suggest youd better sell it and buy a new one.


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If I were you, I would stop waiting for her.

I recommend that you wear batik.

My recommendation is that .

B. EXPRESSING SATISFACTION AND DISSATISFACTION

Asking about Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction

How do you like your room?

Is everything O.K?

Is everything satisfactory?

Are you satisfied?

Did you find our service satisfactory?

Do you want to complain about something?

Was something not to your satisfaction?

Are you dissatisfied with something?

Expressing Satisfaction

I really like my new haircut.

Im completely satisfied with everything youve done for me.

It was satisfactory.

Everything is fine, thank you.

Everything was just perfect.

Im happy enough with it.

It was okay. Not too bad

Good enough.

Expressing Dissatisfaction

I am little dissatisfied with the service here.

I am a bit disappointed with the program.

The food was lousy.

Im tired of working here.

I dont like the color.

I have a complaint.

Im very dissatisfied with the condition.

I want to make a complaint.

Responding to Dissatisfaction

I see.

Im sorry to hear that.

Ill look into it.

Ill see what I can do about it.

Ill try and take care of it.


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C. EXPRESSING CONFESSION

Expressing Confession

I admit I was wrong

You are right and I was wrong

It was my own fault Im sorry I have made a mistake

I was the one to blame

D. EXPRESSING BLAMING

Expressing Blaming

It was your own fault.

What did you expect? You should have/shouldnt have.

I told you but you wouldnt listen

Its not use crying over spilt milk

It serves you right Perhaps thatll teach you a lesson

E. EXAMPLE:

Expressing Giving Suggestion

Anne : Oh, hello! You dont look too well. Whats the matter?Vita : Well, actually, Ive got toothache.

Anne : Thats too bad. Why dont you go to the dentist?Vita : Yes, I think Id better go to the dentist

Expressing Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction

Waiter : Is everything O.K. here?

Man : Yes, thank you. Everything is fine.

Waiter : Is your steak satisfactory?

Woman : Quite good.

Waiter : How about your roast chicken, Maam? Is it O.K. too?

Woman : Its just right. Just the way I like it.

Waiter : Will there be anything else, then?

Man : No, not at the moment.

Waiter : Very well, then. Have a nice day.

Man : Thanks.


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Expressing Confession and Blaming,

Jack : Dad, Im sorry I failed my final examination. Its my fault

Father : What did you expect? You shouldnt have played on line gamestoo much. Perhaps thatll teach you. Next time does it better!

Jack : Thanks Dad, I promise I wont disappoint you again.

F. EXERCISE

Make a dialogue using the expressions of giving suggestion based on thesituations given! Then demonstrate it!

1) Your close friend lost his/her wallet

2) Your friend is getting sick

3) Your sweetheart is always upset4) Your little brother never studies

5) You sent a SMS to the wrong person

Complete the dialogue with the suitable expressions, and then compare

your answer with your partners.

Devita : Aunt Delia hows your honeymoon?

Aunt Delia : Fantastic! Venice is a beautiful city. Im

very_________________

Arya : It was ___________ I dont want to go there again.

Deva : How was your vacation?

Arya : My vacation was horrible. Oh, Im ______________

Deva : Im sorry to hear that.


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CHAPTER 3

STANDAR KOMPETENSI

Memahami makna dalam teks fungisonal pendek dan teks tulis essei sederhana

berbentuk narrative, explanation dan discussion dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari

dan untuk mengakses ilmu pengetahuan

KOMPETENSI DASAR

Merespon makna dan langkah retorika dalam dalam teks explanation yang menggunakan

ragam bahasa tulis secara lancar akurat dan berterima dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari dan untuk mengakses ilmu pengetahuan

INDIKATOR

1. Mengidentifikasi pikiran utama

2. Menemukan informasi tertentu

3. Menemukan makna kata, frasa, atau kalimat dalam konteks

4. Menentukan kata rujukan

5. Menentukan tujuan komunikasi teks

6. Menentukan struktur teks

A. DEFINITION:

Explanation text is a text telling how or why an event or thing happens. Explanation text is a text telling how or why natural phenomena such as flood,

earthquake, rain, and why or how social phenomena such as unemployment orpopulation explosion happen or occur


Its social function is to tell each step of the process (the how) and to give reasons(the why). It looks at the steps rather than the things.


o Technical language: atmosphere, temperature, etc.o Words that show cause and effect: because, due to, create, produce, as a result,

therefore, etc.o Use of the timeless present tense: is, am are, infinitive plus s/es for the the third

singular person in subject position such as creates, produces, etc.


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A general statement about the event or thing this can serve as an introduction

to the explanation, and it gives the audience as description of the event and a

preview of what the rest of the text will be about.

A series of paragraphs that tell the how or why- these should be in a sequence sothat the audience is told of the process that causes the event or thing to happen.

A concluding paragraph if this included, it signals to the audience that theexplanation has finished.Some explanations do not have a conclusion.

E. EXAMPLE:

Read this text, pay attention to its structure!

WATER CYCLE

GENERAL STATEMENTThe water cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above andbelow the surface of the earth.

SEQUENCED EXPLANATION OF WHY OR HOW SOMETHING OCCURSThe concept of the water cycle involvesthe sun heating the Earths surface waterand causing the surface water toevaporate. The water vapor rises intothe Earths atmosphere. Thewater in the atmosphere coolsand condenses into liquid droplets.Then, the droplets grow until they are

heavy and fall to the earth asprecipitation which can be in the form ofrain or snow. The water is absorbed byearth and goes into the ground to forman aquifer which is anunderground supply of water or water can be taken byplants or return to the sea, lakes, etc, and the cycle begins again.

F. EXERCISE:

Read this text carefully and answer the following questions!

At one time or another we have all seen a rainbow. Rainbows happen when thesun is shining while it is raining or just after a storm. It is made when the light from

the sun enters the drops of falling water and is reflected back to us from the otherside of the water drop.

It appears in the part of the sky directly opposite to the sun. So you must standwith your back to the sun to see it. The lower the sun is to the horizon, the higher the

arch of the rainbow will be.

1. What is the text about?2. When does rainbow happen?3. Which paragraph explains how rainbow happens?4. What is the purpose of the writer in writing the text?5. The lower the sun is to the horizon, the higher the arch of the rainbow will be.6. What does the underlined word mean?


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Read the following text and identify the type and general terms in it. Then,

answer the questions!

Tsunami

The term of tsunami comes from the Japanese which means harbor ("tsu")

and wave ("nami"). A tsunami is a series of waves generated when water in a lake orthe sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale.

A tsunami can be generated when the sea floor abruptly deforms and vertically

displaces the overlying water. Such large vertical movements of the earth's crust can

occur at plate boundaries.

Seductions of earthquakes are particularly effective in generating tsunamis,

and occur where denser oceanic plates slip under continental plates.

As the displaced water mass moves under the influence of gravity to regain its

equilibrium, it radiates across the ocean like ripples on a pond.

Tsunami always brings great damage. Most of the damage is caused by the

huge mass of water behind the initial wave front, as the height of the sea keeps rising

fast and floods powerfully into the coastal area.(Simplified from www.panda.org)

Questions:

1. The text tells us about.2. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?3. What is the communicative purpose of the text above?4. As the displaced water mass moves under the influence of gravity to regain its

equilibrium (par. 4 line 1-2)What does the word itsrefer to?

5. Tsunami always brings greatdamage

The underlined word is closest in meaning to.6. What tense is mostly used in the text?
http://www.panda.org/http://www.panda.org/


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CHAPTER 4

STANDAR KOMPETENSI

Mengungkapkan makna dalam teks percakapan transaksional dan interpersonal resmidalam berlanjut dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari

KOMPETENSI DASAR

Mengungkapkan makna dalam percakapan transaksional (to getthings done) daninterpersonal (bersosialisasi) resmi dan berlanjut (sustained) secara akurat, lancar, danberterima dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari dan melibatkan tindak tutur membahas

kemungkinan, memerintah dan berjanji.

INDIKATOR

1. Mengidentifikasi makna tindak tutur membahas kemungkinan, memerintah, danberjanji.

2. Merespons makna tindak tutur membahas kemungkinan, memerintah, dan berjanji.3. Menentukan tindak tutur membahas kemungkinan, memerintah, dan berjanji.4. Membuat dialog tindak tutur membahas kemungkinan, memerintah, dan berjanji.5. Mendemonstrasikan dialog tindak tutur membahas kemungkinan, memerintah, dan

berjanji.

A. EXPRESSING POSSIBLITY

Asking about possibility/probability: Is it possible to see Mount Merbabu from here?

Is there any possibility of selling everything today?

What possibility is there that theyre still alive?

Can you come to my house tomorrow afternoon?

Will you be able to stop by the post office on the way home?

Is there any chance they will meet and marry?

What will probably happen to the main character?

Stating possibility: Maybe

Perhaps.

Could be.

Its possible.

They may be.

I might meet him.

Theres a good possibility.

Its very likely.

Theres a big chance.

Theres a chance.


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B. EXPRESSING GIVING ORDER

Give me that!

Be quiet!

Dont sit there!

Does it right now, will you!

Stop it, I tell you! Will you hurry up!

I order you to get out!

Will you please stop talking!

Would you please sit down!

Do you mind not singing!

You must wait here!

C. EXPRESSING PROMISING

Asking for a promise; Do you promise to take care of the bird if we get one?

Make me a promise, wont you?

I want you to promise that youll love me forever

Is that a promise?

Do you give me your word on that?

Do you swearthat you wont forget me?

Offering a promise; I promise Ill do whatever you want

I promise you that Ill try to be on time next time

I promise to love you endlessly

Its a promise

I give you my word on that

I swear that my love is only for you

D. EXAMPLE

Expressing PossibilityZahira : Is it possible if we get a good score for English test?

Zafira : Its possible, because we have studied it for a week.

Zahira : How about Nadias score?

Zafira : Could be!

Zahira : I hope so, because she is a diligent student

Expressing Giving OrderTeacher : OK! Students, have you done your homework?

Students : Yes, sir.

Teacher : Andra, why you look so confuse?

Andra : I havent finished my work, sir!

Teacher : Does it right now, will you!


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Andra : Yes, sir. Thank you.

Teacher : Will you submit your works everybody?

Students : Yes, sir!

Expressing PromisingGirl : I want you to promise that youll love me forever.

Boy : I give you my words on that!

Girl : Really?

Boy : Sure. You are my life, dear.

Girl : Thanks.

E. EXERCISE

Work in pairs and make a dialogue based on the following situations. Use

the expressions and responses you have learned and perform it in front of

the class.

1. One of your friends is going to have a final examination. You meet him/heron the street. What would you say?

2. A bus conductor didnt give your money back. What would you say?3. Youre concentrating in a library. Your close friend, who is sitting next to you,

is talking loudly on a phone. What would you say?4. Youre asking your friend what he/she probably does to prepare for the final

examination. What would you say?


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CHAPTER 5

STANDAR KOMPETENSI

Memahami makna dalam teks fungisonal pendek dan teks tulis essei sederhana

berbentuk narrative, explanation dan discussion dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari

dan untuk mengakses ilmu pengetahuan

KOMPETENSI DASAR

Merespon makna dan langkah retorika dalam dalam teks explanation yang menggunakan

ragam bahasa tulis secara lancar akurat dan berterima dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari dan untuk mengakses ilmu pengetahuan

INDIKATOR

1. Mengidentifikasi pikiran utama

2. Menemukan informasi tertentu

3. Menemukan makna kata, frasa, atau kalimat dalam konteks

4. Menentukan kata rujukan

5. Menentukan tujuan komunikasi teks

6. Menentukan struktur teks

A. DEFINITION:

Discussion is a text which presents a problematic discourse. This problem will bediscussed from different viewpoints. Discussion is commonly found in

philosophical, historic, and social text


1) To explore various perspectives before coming to an informed decision.

2) To present information and opinions about more than one side of an issue (for

points and against points)


o Introducing category or generic participanto Using thinking verb; feel, hope, believe, etco Using additive, contrastive, and causal connection; similarly, on the hand,

however, etco Using modalities; must, should, could, may, etco Using adverbial of manner; deliberately, hopefully, etc


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Statement of issue; stating the issue which is to discussed List of supporting points; presenting the point in supporting the presented issue

List of contrastive point; presenting other points which disagree to the supportingpoint

Recommendation ; stating the wrier' recommendation of the discourse

E. EXAMPLE:

Read this text carefully, pay attention to its structure and answer the following

questions!

THE ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE OF NUCLEAR POWER

STATEMENT OF ISSUENuclear power is generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in various

part of the world. The first large scale of nuclear power station was opened at

Calder Hall in Cumbria, England in 1956.

SUPPORTING POINTSSome military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engine.

Nuclear power produces around 11% of the world's energy needed, and

produces huge amounts of energy. It causes no pollution as we would get when

burning fossil fuels. The advantages of nuclear plant are as follow:

It costs about the same coal, so it is not expansive to make.

It does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute to thegreenhouse effect.

It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.

It produces small amount of waste.

It is reliable.

CONTRASTIVE POINTSOn the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up

and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore,

although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does

go wrong, a nuclear accident can be a major accident.

RECOMMENDATIONPeople are increasingly concerned about this matter. In the 1990's nuclear power

was the fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world.

F. EXERCISE

1. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?2. What is the communicative purpose of the text above?3. ifit does go wrong, a nuclear accident can be a major accident. (par. 3)

What does the word itrefers to?

4. Nuclear power is generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in various

part of the world


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The underlined word is closest in meaning to.

5. It can be inferred from the text that nuclear power6. What tense is mostly used in the text?7. Mention the list of supporting points in the text!8. What is the conclusion of the text?

9. What are the disadvantages of using nuclear power?10. What kind of the text it is?

Arrange these sentences into a good paragraph!

1. Homework helps people who arent very smart to remember what they havelearned. Homework is really good because it helps with our education

2. But, many times, doing homework is not a great idea. I think we shouldnt havehomework because I like to go out after school to a restaurant or the movies.Sometimes homework is boring and not important.

3. I have been wondering if homework is necessary4. I think we should have homework because it helps us to learn and revise our

work

5. I think homework is bad because I like to play and discuss things with my family

Arrange these paragraphs into a good discussion text!

1. We often hear about solar cars, solar heating and solar batteries. But will solarenergy ever be a major source of energy for society?

2. Unfortunately, we cant yet power our homes entirely on sunlight. Solar energycan only be used effectively in bright light. Its greatest potential therefore is in hotcountries that have clear skies for most of the year. But unfortunately, mosthouses are not in the sunniest parts of the world. Moreover, in order to harnesssolar power solar cells are needed to convert sunlight directly into electricity.Solar cells are very cheap to run, but relatively expensive to buy and manypeople cant afford them.

3. Needles to say, solar energy is a useful and non pollution source of energy.Unfortunately, solar cells, the main device to harness the suns energy are stillvery expensive.

4. Solar energy is cheaper then other fossil fuels because we can get an abundantsource from the sun. in sunny desert areas, 50% of the suns radiation tha treaches the ground could be used to produce electricity for business and industryand to provide hear, light, and hot water for homes. Experimental solar ponds canalso produce hot water to drive generators.


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CHAPTER 6

STANDAR KOMPETENSI

Mengungkapkan makna dalam teks tulis monolog yang berbentuk narrative, explanation

dan discussion secara akurat, lancar dan berterima dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari

KOMPETENSI DASAR

Mengungkap-kan makna dalam teks fungsional pendek resmi dan tak resmi dengan

menggunakan ragam bahasa tulis secara akurat, lancar dan berterima dalam konteks

kehidupan sehari-hari

INDIKATOR

1. Menggunakan Past tense and Present tense

2. Menggunakan Direct and Indirect Speech

3. Menggunakan Passive Sentences

4. Mengunakan Causatives

5. Menggunakan Modalities/Modal verbs

A. PAST TENSE

Simple Past tense is used to show the activity that is done in the past time. Its usuallysigned by the time; yesterday, last, ago.It has the following patterns;1) Verbal Sentence

Positive : S + V2

Negative : S + did not + V1

Interrogative : Did + S + V1

2) Nominal Sentence

Positive : S + be (was/were) + adj./n/adv.

Negative : S + be (was/were) not + adj./n/adv.

Interrogative : be(was/were) + S + adj./n/adv.


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3) Example:

a) Verbal Sentence:

Batara Guru made the fish free.Batara Guru did notmake the fish free.Did he make the fish tree?

b) Nominal Sentence:

There was a handsome manThere was not a handsome man.Was there a handsome man?

B. PRESENT TENSE

Simple Present tense is used to show the general truth or habitual action. Its usually

signed by the time; every, usually, sometimes, seldom, etc.It has the following patterns;

1) Verbal Sentence

Positive : S + V1

Negative : S + do/does not + V1

Interrogative : Do/does + S + V1

2) Nominal Sentence

Positive : S + be (is/am/are) + adj./n/adv.

Negative : S + be (is/am/are) not + adj./n/adv.

Interrogative : be (is/am/are) + S + adj./n/adv.

3) Example:

a) Verbal Sentence:

Tsunami always brings great damageTsunami does not always brings great damageDoes Tsunami always bring great damage?

b) Nominal Sentence:

The earth is actually closerto the sun in winterThe earth is not actually closerto the sun in winterIs the earth actually closerto the sun in winter?


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C. DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

1) The change of tenses:

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

1. Simple Present

2. Present Continuous

3. Present Future

4. Present Perfect

5. Present Perfect Continuous

6. Simple Past

7. Past Continuous

1. Simple Past

2. Past Continuous

3. Past Future

4. Past Perfect

5. Past Perfect Continuous

6. Past Perfect

7. Past Perfect Continuous

2) The change of time and places:


1. Now

2. Today

3. Tomorrow

4. Next

5. Last

6. ago

7. Yesterday

8. The day before yesterday

9. Here

10. This

11. These

1. Then

2. That day

3. The next day

The day after

The following day

4. A day later

5. The after

The following

Thebefore

6. The previous

7. The proceeding

8. before

earlier

9. The day before

10. The previous day

11. The proceeding day

Two day before

There

ThatThose


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3) Example:


1. He said, I have a present foryou

in my bag.

2. He said, I do not have a present

foryou in mybag

3. He asked, Do I have a present for

you in my bag?

4. He asked me, Why do I have to

have a present foryou in my

bag?

5. He ordered/commanded me,

Bring my bag here now!6. He ordered me, Dont bringyour

bag here!

1. He said that he had a present for

me in his bag.

2. He said that he did not have a

present forme in his bag.

3. He asked me if/whetherhe had

a present forme in his bag.

4. He asked me whyhehad to

have a present forme in his bag.

5. He ordered/commanded me to

bring his bag there then.

6. He ordered me not to bringmybag there.

D. PASSIVE SENTENCES

1) The change of Active to Passive

Tenses Active Passive

1. Simple Present

2. Simple Past

1. S + V1

2. S + V2

1. S + am/is/are + V3

2. S + was/were + V3

3. Present Continuous

4. Present perfect

Continuous

5. Past Continuous

6. Past Perfect

Continuous

7. Future Continuous

8. Future Perfect

Continuous

9. Past Future

Continuous

10. Past Future Perfect

Continuous

3. S + am/is/are + V-ing

4. S + have/has + been +

V-ing

5. S + was/were + V-ing

6. S + had + been + V-

ing

7. S + will/shall + be + V-

ing

8. S + will + have + V-ing

9. S + would + be + V-

ing+

10. S +would

+have+been+V-ing

3. S + am/is/are +

being + V3

4. S + have/has +been

+ being +V3

5. S + was/were +

being + V3

6. S + had + been +

being + V3

7. S + will/shall + be +

being + V3

8. S + will +have+been+

being +V3

9. S + would + be +

being + V3

10. S

+would+have+been+

being+V3

11. Simple Perfect

12. Past Perfect

11. S + have/has + V3

12. S + had + V3

11. S + have/has + been

+ V3

12. S + had + been + V3


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13. Simple Future

14. Past Future

15. Modal (present)16. Modal (past)

13. S + will/shall + V1

14. S + would/should + V1

15. S + may/can/must +V1

16. S + might/could/had to

+ V1

13. S + will/shall + be +

V3

14. S + would/should +be + V3

15. S + may/can/must +

be + V3

16. S + might/could/had

to + be + V3

2) Example:

1. Active : Ibuya new dictionary in the book storePassive : A new dictionaryis bought by me in the book store

2. Active : My father andIare repairing a carin the garage nowPassive : A car is being repaired by us in the garage now.

E. CAUSATIVE

Causative are main verbs that cause people to do things. Causative verbs include;

have, get, letand make.

Look at the following sentences and pay attention to the verb changed.

1) Active Form:

All active causatives are followed by infinitive (verb-1), except causative get.

2) Passive Form:

Subject Main verb Object(thing)

Verb word(V3)

Complement

1. His mother2. Lets3. My teacher4. I5. He

madegethadlethelped

his medicineour caroral testthis machinemy paper

takenfixedgivencheckedtyped

(by him)first

All passive causatives are followed by verb-3.

Subject Main verb Object(person)

Verb word(V1)

Object

1. His mother2. Lets3. My teacher4. His mother5. He

made

gethadletshelps

himAnisaushimme

taketo gogivegotype

his medicinewith usOral testto schoolmy paper


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F. MODALITIES/MODAL VERBS

Here, we will discuss about modals (could, would, might, and should). Understand thepatterns and the sentences;

Could + verb base

1) We use this expression to;

a) Offer suggestion or possibilities.You could go to school with me.

Perhaps she could help you.

b) To indicate that the ability existed in the past, but doesnt exist now.I could speak Javanese when I was a kid.

When I was at your age, I could run ten milesc) To express polite requests.

Could you lend me a pen, please?Could I use your phone?

Might + verb base

2) Use might to tell possibilities;

He might get a flat tire

He might be at the library.

Would + verb base

3) Use would for an action that was repeated regularly in the pastI would visit my grandparents in the village, but now not anymore.

When I was a child, I would ask my father to read me a story.

Would + Mind + V-ing

4) Use would to express polite requests.

Would you mind posting the letter?

Would you mind waiting for a moment, please?

Should + Verb base

5) Use Should to give definite advice.

You should prepareyourself. You will have a test tomorrow, wont you?

You should take these pills and have a rest.


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G. EXERCISE

A. Choose the best answer for the following questions!

1. R.A. Kartini ____ in Jepara in 1879.

a. is born d. would be born

b. was born e. has been born

c. will be born

2. The books in the library ___ in alphabetical order.

a. is arranged d. have arranged

b. was arranged e. has arranged

c. have been arranged

3. A big dam ___ in this area next year.

a. will build d. has been built

b. will be built e. is being builtc. would be built

4. We cant swim in the swimming pool now because it ___.

a. was being cleaned d. will clean

b. is being cleaned e. cleaned

c. has been cleaned

5. They had just been living in the house for two years when it ___ by the fire.

a. destroyed d. will be destroyed

b. had destroyed e. is being destroyed

c. was destroyed

6. She looks after the baby well.

The passive form is ____

a. the baby is well looked after

b. the baby was looked after well

c. the baby will be well looked after

d. the baby is being looked after well

e. the baby would be well looked after

7. Everybody knew that he had shown great loyalty to the company, therefore he

____ a big sum of money at the anniversary of the company.

a. rewarded d. is being rewarded

b. was rewarded e. has been rewarded

c. will be rewarded

8. At the moment the old building ____ to make space door a parking lot.

a. demolishing d. had been demolishing

b. is being demolished e. is demolishing

c. was being demolishing

9. Sita is waiting for her birthday party dress because she ____ a new one by her

mother.

a. has promised d. has been promising


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b. will be promised e. was being promised

c. will be promised

10. As the victim was badly hurt in the car accident, he ____ to the nearest

hospital.a. will be taken d. was taken

b. is being taken e. took

c. has been taken

B. Complete the sentences using would, could, should or might.

1. When I was a kid, I would always go to the beach not far from my house.2. Rosa cant find Vita in the classroom at the second break. She _____ be in the

library.

3. Drivers _____ pay attention to the speed limit.4. My father ______ run ten miles in his twenties.5. When Hilda was a student, she ______ always do her homework well.6. People with high cholesterol level ______ eat low fat foods.7. I ______ rather study Math than play chess.8. ______ you accompany me to go to the mall.9. You ______ spend your vacation in Puncak.10. Every time Vita visited me, she ______ bring me a lot of apples and pears


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Listening Section

In this section of the test, you will have the chance to show how well you I' understand

spoken English. There are 3 parts to this section, with special directions for each part.

Part I

Questions: 1 to 5.

Directions:

In this part of the test, you will hear some dialogues or questions spoken in English. The

dialogues or questions will be spoken two times. They will not be printed in your testbook, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers say. After you hear a

dialogue and the question about it, read the five possible answers and decide which one

would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Now listen to a sample

question.

You will hear:

Man : How about exercising tomorrow morning?

Woman : Alright. Pick me up at six.

You will also hear:

Narrator: What will the man do?

Sample answer:

You'll read in your test book:

A. Do exercise at 6.B. Go with six women,C. Take exercise alone,D. Leave the woman alone,E. Come to the woman's house.

The best answer to the question is "Come to the woman's house." Therefore, you should

choose answer (E).

1. A. Hobbies.

B. Spare time.

C. Part time job.

D. Daily activities.

E. Collecting stamps,

2. A. The librarian.

B. The Broad Street.

C. The books in the library.

D. The location of the library.

E. The function of the library,


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3. A. His pride.

B. His advice.

C. His intention

D. His curiosity.

E. His agreement,

4. A. Reading books.

B. Doing many activities.

C. Doing all sort of things.

D. Writing some articles.

E. Reading books and writing some articles.

5. A. Inability.

B. Uncertainty.

C. Impossibility.

D. Disagreement.

E. Dissatisfaction,

Part II

Questions: 6 to 10.

Directions:

In this part of the test, you will hear several questions or statements spoken in English.

The questions and responses will be spoken two times. They will not be printed in your

test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers say.

You have to choose the best response to each question or statement. Now listen to a

sample question:

You will hear:

Woman : Good morning, John. How are you?

Man : ...

You will also hear:

A. I am fine, thank you.

B. I am in the living room.

C. Let me introduce myself.

D. My name is John Travolta.

The best answer to the question "How are you?" is choice A. "I am fine, thank you."

Therefore, you should choose answer (A.).

6. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.7. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.8. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.9. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.10. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.


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Part III

Questions: 11 to 15.

Directions:

In this part of the test, you will hear several monologues. Each monologue will be spokentwo times. They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to

understand what the speakers say. After you hear a monologue and the questions about

it, read the five possible answers and decide which one would be the best answer to the

questions you have heard.

11. A. The water is stinky,

B. The water tastes bad.

C. The color is not good.

D. There is no more water

E. The water is contaminated.

12. A. His cat.

B. His pet.

C. Bread,

D. Food.

E. Fish.

13. A. Bones,

B. Soft food.

C. Steamed rice,

D. Fish and bread.

E. Milk and bread.

14. A. To the mall,

B. To the market,

C. To the boutique.

D. To some antique shops,

E. To the department store.

15. A. Poor,

B. Rich.

C. Unhappy

D. Luxurious

E. Unfamiliar

This is the end of the listening section


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Reading Comprehension.

This text is for question 16to 18.

Once upon a time, there was a young girl named Cinderella. She lived with her stepmother and two step sisters. The step mother and sisters were conceited and bad

tempered. They treated Cinderella very badly. Her step mother made Cinderella do the

hardest works in the house

One day, the two step sister received an invitation to the ball that the kings son was

going to give at the palace. They were excited about this and spent so much time

choosing the dresses they would wear. At last, the day of the ball came, and away went

the sisters to it. Cinderella could not help crying after they had left.

Fortunately, she was driven to the palace. The kings son was overjoyed to see her

again. They were married and live happily ever after

16. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the text?

A. Cinderella lived with her step sisters

B. Cinderella felt happy with her husband

C. Cinderella felt annoyed with her step sisters

D. Cinderella was helped by a fairy to get to the ball

E. Cinderella was helped by her step sisters to do all the house work.

17. The communicative purpose of this text is to.

A. entertain the readers with a fairy tale

B. describe how Cinderella went to the ball

C. persuade the readers to read the story

D. inform the readers about Cinderellas marriage

E. explains to the readers why Cinderellas step sisters hated her so much.

18. The step mother and sisters were conceited and bad tempered. (Paragraph 1)

The word conceited means.

A. furious B. sensitive C. lovely D. arrogant E. egoist


We often hear about solar cars, solar heating and solar batteries. But will solar energy

ever be a major source of energy for society?

Solar energy is cheaper then other fossil fuels because we can get an abundant

source from the sun. in sunny desert areas, 50% of the suns radiation that reaches the

ground could be used to produce electricity for business and industry and to provide hear,

light, and hot water for homes. Experimental solar ponds can also produce hot water to

drive generators

Unfortunately, we cant yet power our homes entirely on sunlight. Solar energy can

only be used effectively in bright light. Its greatest potential therefore is in hot countries

that have clear skies for most of the year. But unfortunately, most houses are not in the

sunniest parts of the world. Moreover, in order to harness solar power solar cells are

needed to convert sunlight directly into electricity. Solar cells are very cheap to run, but

relatively expensive to buy and many people cant afford them.


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Needles to say, solar energy is a useful and non pollution source of energy.

Unfortunately, solar cells, the main device to harness the suns energy are still very

expensive.

19. What is the main topic of the text above?

A. the important of solar energy

B. the difficult of Harnessing Solar Energy

C. the controversy of Harnessing Solar Energy

D. solar energy is cheaper than others

E. solar energy is useful and non pollution energy

20. The following are true about the text, except.A. The equipments to create solar energy is very expensiveB. Solar energy can be used effectively in every part of the worldC. Solar energy is got from the suns radiation which reaches the groundD. Solar energy is not expensive energy and can be used effectively in bright lightE. Solar energy produces electricity for businesses and industries and to provide

heat

21. We can get abundant source from the sun (Line 3). The underlined word samemeaning with

A. Lack B. reduced C. copious D. reluctant E. enough

22. Why can solar energy only be used effectively in bright light? BecauseA. Sunlight cant reach all parts of the world

B. Sunlight cant be used to produce electricityC. The equipments of solar energy is expensiveD. Solar ponds can produce hot water to drive generatorsE. Most houses use the solar energy for light and hot water

23. Itsgreatest potential therefore. the word its (par. 3) refers to.A. Sunlight B. the power C. bright light D. solar energy E. hot countries


A growing fast company offers some professionals to fulfill the positions at the

main office in Bandar Lampung.

The positions are:

a. Secretaryb. Programmerc. Marketing executive

With the background qualifications:

a. Graduating from S-1 degreeb. Able to operate the computer wellc. Good communication in Englishd. Having experience with related position at least 2 years

Send the application to Waspada Daily Newspaper at least 1 week after now.


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24. The positions are open to anybody who is experienced in the following, except.A. Designing a computer program D. Secretarial workB. Computer programming E. MarketingC. Managerial task

25. Supposing the ad was on the newspaper on Wednesday, 2nd

of March, when shouldbe the deadline of the application?

A. Tuesday, 8th

of March D. Wednesday, 8th

of MarchB. Tuesday, 9

thof March E. Wednesday, 9

thof March

C. Thursday, 10th

of March

26. Willy : this cake is very delicious. Did you make it yourself?Betty : since I was busy, I had it made.

From the underlined utterance we know that Bettythe cake

A. Made D. asked Willy to makeB. has made E. ordered someone to make

C. had made


Two students were discussing the schools new rule that all the students must wear a cap

and a tie. One of them showed her annoyance. She said that wearing cap and a tie was

only suitable for a flag rising ceremony. So, she was against the rule. Contrary to the girl's

opinion, the other student was glad with it. He said that he didn't mind with the new rule

because wearing a cap and a tie will make the students look great and like real educated

persons. The first student gave the reasons that they would feel uncomfortable and hot.

Moreover, the classrooms were not conditioned. The second said it wasn't a big problem

He was sure that the students would wear them proudly. They would surely be used to itany way.

27. The two students are discussing...

A. the facilities in school

B. their homework

C. their uniform

D. their friends

E. their family

28. The boy said that he agreed with the new rule in his school.Which statement shows his agreement?

A. He was not annoyed.

B. He would not obey the rule.

C. He didn't care of the rule.

D. He didn't like wearing a cap and tie.

E. He didn't mind wearing a cap and tie.

29. The boy believed that all students would...

A. has a high spirit to study

B. solve their own problems

C. care for their environment


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D. follows the new rule,

E. feels uncomfortable

30. "One of them showed her annoyance ..." (line 3)

The underlined word is close in meaning to...

A. responsibility

B. displeasure

C. agreement

D. applause

E. response

31. Tia : You look so sad. What has happened to you?

Mia : My mother was angry because I came home late last night.

Tia : Don't be sad. You'd better ask for her apology and admit that you've done a

mistake.

From the dialogue we know that Tia gives ... to Mia.

A. an idea

B. advice

C. an opinion

D. a surprise

E. information

32. Ana : What did you buy at the grocery store yesterday?Anto : What did you say?

Ana : I wanted to know what you ... at the grocery store yesterday.

A. buy

B. would buy

C. had to buy

D. had bought

E. have bought

33. Dito : Excuse me ...,?Diah : Oh, of course. Here it is!

A. Can you help me?

B. Could you do this me?


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C. Could you do me a favor?

D. May I borrow your dictionary?

E. Would you mind opening the door?

34. Anisah : Mom, could I have another cookie; please?

Mother : ..., but don't forget to share it with your sister.

A. Of course

B. I don't know

C. But it is so urgent

D. Listen, don't bother her

E. You are kidding, I can't

35. Andy : What seems to be the trouble? ....?

Indy : Of course. I need your help. The file cannot be printed out.

A. Can I help you?

B. What is your trouble?

C. Why don't you ask me?

D. Could you do me a favor?

E. Would you mind helping me?

36. Meity : Have you finished writing the article?

Novy : Not yet. But I ... writing it by next month.

A. finish

B. would finish

C. have finished

D. will have finished

E. should have finished

37. Roby : We will have a party for my sister's birthday next Sunday. Would you like tocome. Ira?

Ira : I'd love to. It must be a wonderful party.

The underlined expression is used to express...

A. advice

B. intention

C. invitation


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D. satisfaction

E. suggestion

38. Andi : It seems that you enjoy listening to 'dangdut' music.

Agus : You're right...

A. I dislike it.

B. It makes me sick.

C. I hate 'dangdut'.

D. I am annoyed with it.

E. I like 'dangdut' very much.

39. Sue : I know you got a bad mark for the English test.

What's wrong with you?

Chris : If I ... dial there was a test, I would have prepared for it well,

A. know

B. knew

C. had known

D. has known

E. would know

40. Brenda : The road is too busy and the vehicles are running so fast.

Auntie : ...

A. Mind your step

B. Beware of pick pockets

C. Take care of the vehicles

D. Whatever you do, do it carefully

E. Be careful when crossing the road

This text is for question 41to 44

SALES MANAGERMultinational company seeks sales manager for its office products division.

Candidate must have 10 years experience in sales development andmanagement in the field and the ability to motivate and train incoming sales staff.

Good salary and benefits package.Qualified candidates should send their resumes to:

The Daily News, Box 8552, 1627 Elm Street, Adelaide, Australia.


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41. What is the text about?A. Multinational company.B. A job vacancy.C. Sales manager.

D. Sales development.E. Benefits package

42. One of the requirements must be fulfilled by applicant is .A. Good command of English.B. Good at computer.C. Good salary and benefits package.D. 10 years experience in sales development and management in the field.E. Graduated from a reputable university.

43. Where should applicants send their resumes?A. To the company.B. To the office product division.C. To the sales manager.

D. To the sales staff.E. To the Daily News.

44. Where the candidates should send their resumes?

A. To The Daily NewsB. To Elm Street, Adelaide, AustraliaC. To Sales MangerD. To AustraliaE. To Australia Daily News

This text is for question 45 to 50

Once upon a time there was a man who liked hunting very much. He often went tothe forest to hunt any animal he met.

One day he went hunting into the forest. He intended to shoot any animal he saw.He brought his gun with him. When he was searching for his pre, suddenly he saw a bird

perching on a branch of a tree. It was a dove. When he was aiming his gun at the dove,suddenly an ant came and bit his foot. He was so startled that he didnt shoot the dove. Itwas safe and then flew away.

Several days later, the dove was flying over a lake. He saw an ant floating on thesurface of the water. It was the ant that had saved the doves life from the hunter. The antwas almost drowned. The dove got an idea; he picked up a big leaf and dropped it onto

the surface of the water near the ant. Luckily the ant could get on the leaf.

The ant tried to bring the leaf to the edge of the lake and landed on the ground. The

ant was safe because the dove helped him.

45. The main idea of paragraph 2 is that

A. An ant saved the doves life.B. The dove tried to avoid the hunter.C. The dove was perching on a branch of a tree.D. The hunter with his gun was seeking his prey.E. The hunter with his gun was seeking his prey.

46. The hunter was very when the ant bit his foot.A. angryB. furiousC. shockedD. surprisedE. disappointed


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47. Which one of the following sentences INCORRECT or IRRELEVANT with the textabove?

A. The man hunted some animal that he met in the forestB. The hunter saw a dove on the branch of treeC. The man didnt shoot the dove because of a policeman

D. The dove helped the ant that on the surface of waterE. The dove ant was safe because of the dove

48. From the story we can conclude that both the ant and the dove are a good examplefor human beings because

A. the bird could fly over the lakeB. the ant could land on the groundC. the ant could bite the hunters footD. the hunter couldnt shoot the doveE. they could help to save each others lives

49. The purpose of the text above is toA. tell the readers of the story

B. to explain the readers of the storyC. to entertain the readers of the storyD. to inform the readers of the storyE. to retell the readers of the story

50. Luckily the ant could get on the leaf (par. 3)What is the opposite meaning of the underlined word?

A. BadlyB. Very goodC. AdvantageD. UnluckyE. Disadvantage

Bahasa Inggris XII (Rev.)

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Transcript of Bahasa Inggris XII (Rev.)