7/24/2019 Bahasa Inggris-1 Hal 3

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• Motile sperm can typically be recovered from the victim's vagina if specimens are

collected within 8 hours of the sexual assault. It is also common to recover intact,

nonmotile cells from the vagina up to 16 hours following intercourse and less commonlyas long as 1!! hours afterward.1"

#perm has even been found in the postmortem vagina up to 16 days after death. In this

case $investigated by #an %iego &olice %epartement it is believed that sperm was still present because physical drainage of semen from the vagina was impossible due to the

victim's posture at the time of death. In addition, sperm cells do not degrade as activelyin the postmortem vagina due to an absence of cells normally found in a live victim's

vaginal and cervical fluids.

• #perm found in the mouth following oral copulation are more transitory than in the

vagina. (owever, intact sperm cells have been recovered from the mouth up to 6 hoursafter e)aculation*even despite mouth rinsing or tooth brushing.11

• #perm have been found in rectal swabs up to +" hours after an assault, however 

researches caution that conclusions regarding sodomy should be based on other factors in

addition to sperm since semen draining from the vagina freuently contaminates the

anal-rectal region.1+

In conclusion, the vaginal site is the most liely location to obtain specimens positive for sperm.

It also indicates that deterioration of evidence first occurs in mouth samples and then in vaginal

or rectal samples.

Clothing evidence (force, corroboration)

/lothing is useful as evidence to prove that force was used, if it is torn or soiled. It can also be

helpful so corroborate the victim's story. 0or intance, if the victim claim she struggled on the

grass, stains on her clothing will corroborate this and the absence of grass stains can be usedagainst her, as happened in the widely publicied trial of william ennedy smith. 2f course,

evidence such as foreign debris, blood, seminal fluids and other stains can also be collectedfrom

clothing $these are discussed in the corresponding sections.

• 3hile some programs recommend collecting all of the victim's clothing, 14 other specify

that clothing should only be collected if it has clear evidentiary value** for exampel, of 

the clothing has visible tears, stains, debris, or if it was worn closest to the genital

structures.• 0rom many victims, a winter coat or pair of shoes may be valuable property that cannot

easily be replaced. It is thus sometimes appropriate to allow the victim to eep these

items.