ABSTRAK

Nodul tiroid merupakan pembengkakan yang dapat teraba pada kelenjar

tiroid. Insidensi nodul tiroid di Amerika Serikat sekitar 1-10%. WHO

mengklasifikasikan nodul tiroid menjadi neoplasma jinak (adenoma) dan

neoplasma ganas (karsinoma). Sub-tipe karsinoma tiroid secara histopatologi

terbagi atas karsinoma papilari, karsinoma folikuler, karsinoma anaplastik dan

karsinoma medulari.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, yang dilakukan sejak bulan

Juni sampai Desember 2013. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil

penderita adenoma dan karsinoma tiroid di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan

berdasarkan diagnosa histopatologi, jenis kelamin dan kelompok usia. Populasi

penelitian adalah seluruh data rekam medis penderita adenoma dan karsinoma

tiroid selama tahun 2010-2012 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, dan

sampel diambil dengan metode consecutive sampling. Data yang diperoleh

selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan program uji statistik yang sesuai

dengan tujuan penelitian, dan hasilnya berupa distribusi yang ditampilkan dalam

bentuk tabel.

Dari 177 sampel penelitian yang terdiagnosa sebagai neoplasma tiroid, 90

kasus merupakan neoplasma jinak (50,8%) sedangkan 87 kasus merupakan

neoplasma ganas (49,1%). Neoplasma tiroid lebih banyak ditemukan pada

perempuan (145 kasus, 81,9%) daripada laki-laki (32 kasus, 18,1%), dan lebih

banyak ditemukan pada kelompok usia 41-50 tahun (65 kasus, 36,7%). Sub-tipe

karsinoma tiroid yang paling banyak adalah jenis karsinoma folikuler tiroid (48

kasus, 55,2%).

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan bacaan

dan sumber rujukan umum tentang profil penderita lesi jinak dan ganas pada tiroid

di kota Medan.

Kata Kunci: Nodul tiroid, Histopatologi, Profil Penderita, Adenoma, Karsinoma.

Universitas Sumatera Utara

ABSTRACT

Thyroid nodule is a palpable enlargement of the thyroid. The incidence of

thyroid nodules in America is approximately 1-10%. The WHO classifications of

thyroid nodules are benign (adenoma) and malignant (carcinoma). The subtypes

of thyroid cancer by histopathology are papillary, follicular, anaplastic and

medullary cancer.

This is a descriptive study that was done on benign and malignant thyroid

patients in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital and was conducted on the month of

June until December 2013. This study was undertaken to determine the

characteristics of patients with adenoma and carcinoma of the thyroid that had

been diagnosed by histopathology, gender and age. The population is the entire

medical records that consist of adenoma and carcinoma of the thyroid during the

year 2010-2012, and samples was taken by consecutive method which only

medical records that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered as

samples. All the collected data were then analyzed with appropriate statistical test

program and presented in distribution tables.

From the study, it was found that the overall number of cases was 177

with benign neoplasm (90 cases, 50,8%) was found more common than malignant

neoplasm (87 cases, 49,1%). It was also found most in female (145 cases, 81.9%)

in comparison to male (32 cases, 18.1%) and in patients aged 41-50 (65 cases,

36,7%). According to subtype of carcinoma thyroid, follicular cancer was found

most (48 cases, 55.2%).

It is hoped that the study conducted can be a reading material as well as

reference about the characteristics of patients with benign and malignant nodules

of the thyroid in Medan.

Keywords: Thyroid nodules, Histopathology, Characteristics, Adenoma,

Carcinoma.

Universitas Sumatera Utara