UJIAN NASIONAL SMP _BHS.INGGRIS

Materi: Tenses

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 3) MATERI : TENSES

Te nse s yaitu bentuk kata kerja Bahasa Inggris yang perubahannya berkaitan dengan waktu. Misal: Verb 1 (infinitive), Verb 2, dan Verb 3. Contoh pe nggunaan te nse s: 1. Saya belajar di SMP (saat ini) 2. Saya belajar di SD tiga tahun yang lalu 3. Saya akan belajar di SMA tahun depan 1. I study at SMP 2. I studied at SD three years ago 3. I will study at SMA next year

JENIS-JENIS TENSES Ada 16 bentuk tenses. Untuk tingkat SMP, jenis tenses dasar yang harus dikuasi adalah: A. B. C. D. E. Simple Present Simple Past Present Continuos Present Perfect Present Future

A. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (waktu kini / saat ini) Digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang bersifat umum dan kebiasaan. Pola: 1. S + V1 (s/e s) 2. S + to be + Comple me nt. I like English, she like s English, they like English I am fine, she is diligent, they are here.

Complement: Non-Verb, bukan kata kerja (Contoh: Adjective, Noun and Adverb). Ke te rangan Waktu dan Fre kwe nsi: Every, usually, always, often, sometimes, seldom, ever, never. Catatan: Untuk pola 1 = Ada penambahan s/e s pada V1 jika Subj he , she , it Untuk kal. Ne gative dan Tanya, kata kerja Bantu-nya (Aux.Verb): do / doe s ( I, you, we, they = do ) ( He, she, it = does ) Untuk pola 2 = to be (am, is, are ) tergantung subje ct. ( I = am ) ( He, she, it = is ) Contoh kalimat: 1. (+) She plays badminton every Sunday (-) She doe s not play badminton every Sunday (?) Doe s she play badminton every Sunday? 2. (+) He is smart. (-) He is not smart (?) Is he smart? ( You, we, they = are )

B. SIMPLE PAST TENSE (waktu lampau) Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan di masa lampau/lalu. Pola: 1. S + V2 I studie d English yesterday 2. S + to be + Comple me nt She was sick last night, they we re here yesterday

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UJIAN NASIONAL SMP _BHS.INGGRIS

Materi: Tenses

Complement: Non-Verb, bukan kata kerja (Contoh: Adjective, Noun and Adverb). Ke te rangan Waktu: Yesterday, last ---, --- ago, in 1997, etc. Catatan: Pola 1. Pembentukan V2 : Untuk re gular ve rb (te ratur) >> tambahkan d/ed Untuk irre gular ve rb (tdk te ratur) >> lihat kamus (daftar Verb) Untuk kal. Ne gative dan Tanya, kata kerja bantu-nya (Aux. Verb) adalah: did Pola 2. To be (was, we re ) tergantung Subject >> I, he, she, it = was. Contoh kalimat: (+) She played badminton yesterday (-) She did not play badminton yesterday (?) Did she play badminton yesterday? (+) He was here last night (-) He was not here last night (?) Was he here last night? >> You, we, they, jamak = were

C. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE (waktu se dang-se karang) Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang se dang terjadi (sekarang) Pola: S + to be + V-ing to be pre se nt: (is, am, are )

Ke te rangan Waktu: Now, at present, at this moment Contoh kalimat: (+) He is studying English now. (-) He is not studying English now (?) Is he studying English now? Catatan: Tidak semua kata kerja bisa diubah menjadi bentuk continuous. Misalnya: Verb be, believe, know, like, understand, want, see.

D. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE (te lah / sudah) Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang te lah atau sudah selesai dilakukan. Pola: 1. S + have /has + V3 I have worke d for 1 hour 2. S + have /has + be e n + Comple me nt I have be e n here for 1 hour Complement: Non-Verb, bukan kata kerja (Contoh: Adjective, Noun and Adverb). Penggunaan have atau has tergantung pada Subject. I, you, we, they, jamak = have He, she, it = has Ke te rangan Waktu: since (sejak), for (selama), alre ady/just now (baru saja) Contoh kalimat: (+) She has worke d at the bank for 4 years. (-) She has not worke d at the bank for 4 years www.haarrr.wordpress.com education for all; education for a better life

UJIAN NASIONAL SMP _BHS.INGGRIS

Materi: Tenses

(?) Has she worke d at the bank for 4 years? Catatan: Jika negative (has not / have not) : belum Jika ditambah e ve r : sudah pernah Jika ditambah ne ve r : belum pernah I have ever met him I have not met him I have never met him (saya sudah pernah bertemu dia) (saya belum bertemu dia) (saya belum pernah bertemu dia)

E. PRESENT FUTURE TENSE (akan, di masa me ndatang) Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang akan dilakukan di masa mendatang. Pola: 1. 2. S + will + V1/inf 1. I will work tomorrow S + will + be + Comple me nt 2. I will be he re tomorrow

Complement: Non-Verb, bukan kata kerja (Contoh: Adjective, Noun and Adverb). Pola Lain: kata will, diganti dengan to be + going to

to be (is,am,are) sesuaik an dengan Subject-nya Contoh: I will work tomorrow / I am going to work tomorrow She will work tomorrow / She is going to work tomorrow Ke te rangan Waktu, misalnya: tomorrow, next time, next week, tonight, coming holiday Contoh kalimat: (+) she will write the letter tonight. (-) She will not write the letter tonight. (?) Will she write the letter tonight? Dalam kalimat pengandaian, pre se nt future berpasangan dengan simple pre se nt. Contoh: I will come if he invite s me.

CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( TENSES ) 1. Dian Basuki is a piano player. He plays the piano very well. He ______ many competitions in Indonesia since he was a primary school student. (UN 2006/P1) A. wins B. has won C. will won D. won PEMBAHASAN: Untuk melengkapi kalimat terakhir dari soal di atas, perhatikan keterangan waktu since (sejak). Berarti kalimat tersebut ber-tenses Present Perfect (telah/sudah). Pola Present Perfect: Subj + have /has + V3. Maka pilihan yang tepat adalah has won (telah memenangk an) JAWAB: B 2. Teacher : Whos absent today, children? Jihan : Umar, Sir. Hes sick. His mother ______ him to the clinic yesterday. Teacher : I see. (UN 2005/P1) A. will take B. has taken C. takes D. took

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UJIAN NASIONAL SMP _BHS.INGGRIS

Materi: Tenses

PEMBAHASAN: Kalimat Jihan yang kedua, ada keterangan waktu yesterday. Berarti Kalimat Simple Past, menggunakan Verb 2. Pilihan yang menunjukkan Verb 2 adalah took . JAWAB: D 3. Syfa : Tell me about your plan for the coming holiday. Anggi : I ______ my holiday in China. Syfa : It sounds interesting. (UN 2003/P2) A. have spent B. am going to spend C. spend D. spent PEMBAHASAN: Syfa menanyakan apa rencana (plan) Anggi untuk liburan mendatang (coming holiday). Berarti jawaban yang dibutuhkan adalah kalimat present future (yang ak an datang). Kata-kata yang sama artinya dengan will adalah to be + going to (ak an): am going to spend (ak an menghabisk an). JAWAB: B

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