15_Teknologi__Pendidikan_-3

8/18/2019 15_Teknologi__Pendidikan_-3

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Integrasi Teknologi dalam

Pembelajaran

Bahan Kuliah :

Cepi Riyana. M.Pd


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Integrating EducationalTechnology into Teaching

Chapter 3 Learning Theoriesand IntegrationModels


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Past Perceptions

• Tutor

• Tool

• Tutee


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Divergent Views

Learning isconstructedknowledge

Studentsshould be ableto generatetheir ownknowledge

Constructivists Objectivists

Learning istransmittedknowledge

Teaching shouldbe teacher-directed,systematic, &structured

Constructivistapproaches aretoo inefficient,unstructured, &unsystematic

Directinstructionis tooridged &teacher-centered


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Theoretical Foundations

Directed Instruction


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Learning Theories

• Behaviorism: Skinner

• Information-processing:

Atkinson & Shiffrin

• Teaching Guidelines: Gagne

• Instructional Design SystemApproaches


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Characteristics

• Focus on teaching

sequences based onprerequisite skills

• Clear objectives with

matching test items


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Characteristics• Stresses individualized

work

• Emphasizes traditionalteaching & assessmentmethods


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Criticism

• Students Cannot DoProblem Solving

• Activities Unmotivating

• Students Cannot Work

Cooperatively


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Theoretical Foundations

Constructivism


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Learning Theories

• Social Constructivism:Dewey

• Scaffolding: Vygotsky• Stages of Development:

Piaget

• Discovery Learning:Bruner


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Learning Theories

• Microworlds: Papert

• Inert Knowledge,Situated Cognition,& CollaborativeLearning: GCTGV

• Multiple

Intelligences:Gardner


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Constructivist Learning

Characteristics• Focuses on learning through

posing problems, answer

exploration, and productdevelopment & presentation

• Pursues global goals andspecifies general abilities


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Criticism

• How to Certify LearnedSkills

• Need for Prior Knowledge

• Ability for Students toChoose EffectiveInstruction

• Which Topics Suit Methods• Transfer of Skills to

Practical Situations


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Integration Strategies


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Directed Models

• Provides SkillRemediation

• Provides Mastery &Fluency

• Provides SystematicSelf-instruction


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Constructivist Models

• Fosters Creativity

• Fosters Inductive

Thinking & ProblemSolving

• Fosters Metacognition


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Constructivist Models

• Increases transfer ofknowledge to problemsolving

• Fosters groupcooperation

• Allows for multiple &distributed intelligences


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Both Models

• Increase motivation

• Optimize learningresources

• Remove logistichurdles to learning

• Foster communicationskills and information& visual literacy

15_Teknologi__Pendidikan_-3

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