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j u q a t i c l a k bnl .?h k p t i n g g a l a n d a n h a r u s d a p a t pr2r : ; i c l i k c ~ n e l u t ;

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r u n a n a t a u b a k a t a l a r n y a n g d i k a r u n i a i . Wanya k c l c h i h a n d i Ere s e

k a r a n g , f a k t o r i n i j u s t r u d a p a t d i l a t i h m o u p u n d i k e m l ~ a n g 1 : a n d a

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s u l t men J a d i h e r m a c a m - m a c a m rnakna , H e k u a t a n i n i r n u n c u l p a d a s a a t

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f o r n i a s 5 .

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d i p e r l u k a n . J i k a r n a n ~ l s i a S u r s i F ! . l t d i n a r n i s , m a k a a g a m a b e r f u n g

s i r n e n g a t u r h i d u p m a n u s i a , t e n t u t l a r u s s e s u a i pu1.a d e n g a n k e

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c o k a n a n t a r a r n a n c ~ s i a d e n g a n a g a r n u , m a k a k e m a j u a n r n a n u s i a a k a n

t e r h a m L ? a t , ngama s e p e r t i i n i a k a n d i t i n q g a l k a n o l e h r n a n u s i a

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men jn~~l rnb p e i t a n y a i ? n m e n g a p n , s e d a n g k a n t e k n o l o g i men j a w a b p e r

t a n y a a n I ~ a q a i n a n a . I - ' aksud i l r n u p e n g ~ t a h u a n d i s i n i a d a l a h i l r n u

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i s i n y a . I l r n ~ ~ p e n g e t a h u a n d i a w a l i d e n g a n r a s a i n g i n t a b u rnenge

n a i k e j a d i a ~ d i n l a m i n i . S e g a 1 . a k e j a d i a n - k e j a d i a n i n i d i p e r

t a n y a k a n t e r ~ J s m e n e r u s s e t i i n g q a d a p a t m e m a h a m i t i n g k a g l a k u a

l a m s b c a r a b s i k .

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a t a s b e b e r a p a u n s u r :

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s u ~ t u I ~ c n d a y a n g s u d a l i d i t e n t u k a n d i a lam.

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p a d a gr? j a l a - g e j a l a a l a r n i a h . K e r n u d i a n d i t a r i k k c s i r n p u l

a n r a s i o n a l d a r i r n a s a l a t i y a n g s e d a n g d i i ; e l i t i .

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n g a r a h k e p a d a k e h a n c u r a n a l a r n s e r n e s t a , l i n g k u r i q a n l ~ a h k a n k e h i

d u p a n r n a n u s i a i t u s e n d i r i .

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a t k a n b c n d a y a n g r c e n g a k i b a t k a n s c r n a k i n b a n y a k p u l a k e t e r g n n

t ; u n g a n n v o Itepad;3 b e n d a t e r s e b u t ; . a k l i i r n y a d a p a t rnc rc lbah p s n

d a n g a n h i d u p n y a s e b a g a i r n a k h l u k d i p e r r n u k a a n Surn i i n i .

l . i a 2 e r i a l i s r n e a k a n r n e n i r n b u l k a n k e r u g i a n y a n g t i d a k t e r

n i l . a i h a g i k e h i d u p a n r n a n u s i a , i a a k a n k e h i l a n g a n rnakria s p r i t ~ l

a l i t a s s e b a g a i m o d a l ~ ~ t a r n a c-lalarn e k s i s t e n s i n y a s c b a q a i k a l i

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a a 1 t , e r n a t i f . Kerns j u a n I P T E K a t a u k e s c j a h t e r a a n r n a n u s i a , k a r e

n a b c n c a n a y a n g d i t i r n l ~ u l k a n b u k a n l a h r l a r i IPTEi; a k a n t e t a p i

d a r i r n a n u s i a y a n q r n e n g g u n a k a n n y a .

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b a n g p n d a l a p i s a n o z o n b u m i , k e r u s a k a n y a n g d i s e b a b k a n o l e h

l a p i s a r i o z o n t e r s e b u t , b e r u p n n a i k n y a t e r n p e r a t u r bu rn i d a n k c

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r i t a r n p a t e r s a r i n g o l c h n ~ o n ' ~ s e h i n g g a m c n i r n b u l k a n k e r i p u t a n

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h e r d a y a r n a p u s i a y a n g b e r k u a l i t a s

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n y a d a n b a q i o e s a m q n y a . U n t u k m c r n e n u h i k e b u t u h a n n y z , r n a n u s i a

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t a p i d e n q a n ~ l a y a f i k i r n y a y a n g s e r n a k i n t i n g q i m a k a r n a n u s i ~

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m e r u p a k n n k a t c l a i n d a r i pat-J :~ s u m h e r U a y a f ' a n u c i i a ( I;:)t: ) .

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p r o d u k t i f , d e n g z n k e r n u n g k i n a n k e s a l a h a n s e d i k i t , m u n g k i n .

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p a s i p e r m a s a l a h a n y a n g a k a n d i h a d a p i d a l a m p e r s p e k t i f

y a n g l e b i h l u a s s e h i n g g a marnpu m e n j a w a b t a n t a n g a n y a n g

s e r n a k i n k o m p l e k d i r n a s a y a n g a k a n d a t a n g . Kemarnpuan i n i

d a p a t d i c a p a i j i k n p r o g r a m - p r o g r a m p e m b a n q u n a n p e n d i

d i k a n m e r n i l i k i d a m p a k t e r h a d a p p e n i n g k a t a n m u t t 1 y a n g

p e n d i d k k a n y a n g r e l e v a n s i s e j a l a n d e n g a n k c b u t u h a n pem

h a n q u n a n y a n g t e r u s b e r n b a h d a n h e r k e m b a n g .

t l a l - h a 1 y a n q h a r u s d i p c r h a t i k a n d a l a r n sist!!m p e r i d i d i k

a n g u n a p e n i n g k a t a n k u a l i t a s s u m b e r d a y a r n a n u s i a :

a . P e n t i n g n y a o r e a n t a s i n i l a i t a m h a h

D r e a n t a s i n i l a i t a r n b a h d a l a m r a n g k a r n e n i n g k a t k a n o

p r o d u k t i v l . t a s n a s i o n a l d a n p e r t u r n b u h a n a k n n n m i a k a n

n e n i n c k a t k a n k o m p e t i t i f h a n y a d i c a p a i d c n q a n k e u n g

q u l a n r n u t u s u m h e r d a y a v a n u s i a y a n g m e n r l u a s a i i l m u

p e n g e t a h u a n d a n t e k n o l o g i y a n g t e p a t g u m .

b. i 2 e r u b z h a n s t r u k t - u r m a s y a r a k a t

T e r j a d i n y a t r a n s f o r m a s i r n a s y a r a k a t d a r i n a s y a r a k a t

a g r a r i s m e n u j u r n n s y a r a k a t i n d u s t r i . T r a n s f o r m a s i

t e r s e l ~ u t h e r l a n g s u n g s e b a g a i a k i b a t d a r l b e r k c r n h a n g

s e k t o r - e e k t n r i n c l u s t r i y a n q h a r u s h e r k e r n b a n g y 3 n g

d i t a n d a i d e n g a n m u n c u l n y a j e n i s j a b a t a n b a r u , k e t e

r a r n p i l a n k e a h l i a n b a r u s c s u a i d e n g a n i l m u p e n g e t a h u

a n d a n t e k n o l o g i . P u n c u l n y a k e a n e k a r a g a m a n i n i d a

p a t m e n g a k i b a t k a b t i m b u l n y a p e r u b a h a n f i s i k , p r a n a t a

s o s i a l , p e r g e s a r a n s i s t e r n n i l a i d c n r j a n d e r n i k i a n t e r j a

cli i ~ e n t u r a n dalar r l r n a s y a r a k a t a n t a r r l n i l a i t r a d i s i o n a l

d e n g a n n i l a i S u d a y a i n d u s t r i . O l e h s e b a b i t u b e n t u r a n

d a l a m m a s y a r a k a t a n t a r a n i l a i t r a d i s i o n a l d e n g a n n i

l a i b u d a y a i n d u s t r i . n l e h s e b a b i t u b e n t u r a n i n i ha

r u s d i t a n g a n i s c c a r a t e r a r a h .

S e i r i n g d e n g a n p e n d i d i k a n d a l a m u s a h a p e n i n g

k a t a n S u r n b e r D a y a K a n u s i a d a l a m b i d a m g I P T E H p e r l u d i

k a i t k a n d e n g a n t a n t a n q a n y a n g rne rndasa r y a i t u :

I), F e r u b a h a n l a p a n g a n k e r j a y a n g s e r n a k i n l a m a m e n b u

t u h k a y t e n a g a k e r j a t e r d i d i k d a n t e r a m p i l

2 ) . P e r u b a h a n s t r u t u r e k o n o m i d a r i e k o n o r n i a g r a r i s k e

p a d 2 e k o n o r n i i n c j u s t r i d i p e r l u k a n s[ ' ; rnber d a y a m a n u

s i o y a n g h a n d a l .

3 ) . P ~ r k c m b a n g a n IPTEK y a n g rnampu r n o n i n g k a t k a n n i l a i

t a r n b a h d a n p r o d u k t i v i t a s i n d u s t r i .

4 ) . , ! ldanya f e n o r n c n a g l o b a l i s a s i y a n g mcrnbuka t a b i r d u

n i a u n t u k p e r s a i n g a n g l o b a l y a n g d i t e n t u k a n o l e h

kernarnpl- an s u m b e r d a y a r n a n u s i a .

( n n d i R u s b a n d i : 7 2 - 7 4 )

F c n i r i g k a t a n k u a l i t n s tun-ber d a y a r n a n u s i a s a n g a t s e n

t r a l ~ I l i n r n p e m b a n g u n a n n a s i o n a l , t e r m a e u k d z l a m P e m b a n g u n a n

J a n g k z P a n j a n g p a d a t a h a p y a n g a k a n d a t z n g . n d n p u n h n k e k a t

p e m b a n g u n a n n a s i o n a l a d a l a h p e m b a n g u n a n r n o n u s i n I n d o n e s i ~ l

s e u t u h n y a d a n p e m b a n g u n a n s e l u r u h r n a s y a r e k a t I n d o n e s i a .

S a s ? r : ! n p c r n o z ~ n g u n a n y . : n g a k a r i d a t a n g a d a l a h t e r c i p t a n y a k u

a1.i:tn:; ~ u m b i ? r d a y s r n a n u s i a d a n k u a l i t a s m a s y a r a k a t I n d o n e

s i a yilnr! ma j u d a l a m s u a s a n n t e n t r a m d a n s e j a h t e r a l a h i r

clan b a t i n .

S z s q r a n p e m h a n g u n a n t e r s e b u t d n p a t d i l i h a t d a r i d u a

s e g i . P e r t n m a , k u a l i t a s m q n u s i a I n r l o n e s i a p e r l u t e r u s d i

t i n g k a t k n n s u p a y a d a p a t b e r f u n g s i s e b a g a i , d a y a p e l a k s a n a

d a n p c n g g e r a k p e r n b a n g u n a n . K d u a , p e n i n g k a t a n k u ? i l i t a s ma

s y a r a k a t I n d o n e s i a p e r l u t e r u s r n e n e r u s d i t i n g k a t k a n s e b a

q a i t u j u a n a k h i r p e m b a n g u n 2 n .

P e n i n g k a t a n k u a l i t a s I n d o n e s i a s e b a g a i p e l a k s a n a pen

b a n g u n a n , a d a y a n g s e r i n g d i k a t a k a n s e b a g a i p e n g e m h a n g a n

s u m b e r d a y a m a n u s i e , p a d a d a s r n y a d a p a t d i . l a k u k a n m u l a i d a

r i p r o g r a m p e m b i n a a n k e l u a r g a k e c i l d a n b a h a g i a , p e r b a i k i

g i z i d n n k e s e h a t a n , p e n d i d i k a n f o r m a l , l a t i h a n k e r j n s e r t a

p c n g e m b a n g a n d i t e r n p a t k e r j a d a n d i l i n g k u n q a n t e r n p a t m a s y a

r a k a t n y a , S e h i n g g a u s a h q - u s a h a y n n g d i l a k u k a n d i a t a s s a

n g n t p e n t i n g b u k a n s a j a u r i t u k m e n i n g k a t k a n k u a l i t a s r n a n u s i

a u n t t ~ k m e n u n j a n g p e r n h a n g u n a h , t c t a p i j u g 8 s e c a r a l a n g s c l n g

a k a n m e n i n g k a t k a n k u a l i t a s s e t i a p i n d i v i d u , k e l u a r y a d n n

r n a s y a r e k n t I n d o n c : ; i a . I

P e r l i n d u n g a n t e n a g a k ~ r j a r n e r u p a k a n b a g i n n d a r i p e

I a y 2 n a n p c m c r i n t a h L ~ a q i I i e k e r j a s e l a m a p e k e r j a .dkn s e t e l a h

t i d o k h e t c r j a l a t l i . D a l a m Gi1HK d i t c g a s k a n l ~ a h w a p e m b a n g u n

a n k c t c n n k e r j a a n a d a l a h u p a y n p c n g e r n b a n g a r i s u m b e r d a y a ma

n u s i o y a n g d i a r a h k a n p:ld:.! p ~ n i n q k a t a n h a r k a t , m a r t a b a t , d o n

kernnnipuan t c n a y a k e r j a s e r t a k e p e r c a y a a n kep;' .da d i r i s ~ n d i

r i . i J e r l i i - ~ c l u n q a n t e n o g a k e r j a r n e n c a k u p p e r l i n d u n g a r i ",nag2

jern k c r j a , ::jam k e r j a dr!n i s t i r a h a t , j a m i n q n u p a h d a n j a m i n

~;.n s o s i i 3 1 , I t e s e l . a r n a t a n d a n k e s e h a t a n k e r j a s e r t a p e r l a k u a n

y a n r ) 1,1o,jar clan r n a n u s i a [ , r & . I 3 e r l i n r i u n g a n s ~ p e r t i i n i s e k a 1 . i

g u s jugs b e r f u n g s i s e h a q a h p e r l i n d u n g a n S a g i p e n q u s a h a d a n

p e r u s a h o a n .

! l ; : l q l p e k e r j a d i l u d r h u b u n g a n k e r j a s e p e r t i p e t a n i

p ~ k s r j a m a n d i r i d a n p e k e r j a k e l u a r g a p e r l u d i b e r i k e s e r n p a t

a n s e l u a s - l u a s n y a m e m a n f a a t k a n f a s i l i t a s p ~ m e r i n t a h d a n ma

s y n r u k n t ; , s e l i i n g g a m e r e k a b e k e r j a secar i i p r o d u k t i f d q n

n e m p e r o l r . h p e n g l i a s i l . a r i y a n q c u k u p t i n g g i . .

I ' I U - ] l i t a s k e h i d u p a n m a n u s i a d i p e n q a r u h i o l e h k e s ~ m

p a t a n rl l n k e b c b e s a n r n e n e t a p k a n p i l i h a n r.li?ri : ; ~ ~ n u a a l t e r n n

t i f y a n l ] t ~ r b u k a . Llntuk i t u m e n g e l u a r k a n p e n d a p a t d ~ ~ n h e r

o r q a n i s ; 3 n i s e c a r a b e r t a n g g u n q j a w a b , k e b c b a s o n u n t u k i n c m i

l i h p e n r l i d i k a n d s n p e k e r j a a n y a n g s e s u a i , s e r t d k c i ~ e h a s a n

m e n y a l o l : a r , i k o n p e n q g u n a a n r,.r:qktu clan p c n q l i - 3 s i . l n n untul: I:on

s u m s i , m e r u p a k a n h a k - h a k i n d i v i d u y a n g p n t u t d i h c i r q a i d a

l a m r a n g k g p e n i n g k a t a n k u a l i t a s h i d u p m a n u s i t j .

PENGEI=;R:\NG:i[V F'LITU SUMOt-:ij D i \ Y i \ K ! \NUSI ,?

F 3 e n g c m b a n g a n s u d b e r d a y a m a n u s i a monca lcup semua u s a

h a !/:17q d i l a k u k a n p e r n p e r s i a p k a n s e s e o r a n q m e m j a d i r n a n u s i a

s e u t u h n y a , mampu b e r f i k i r l o g i s d a n r a n i o n a l s e r t a rnarnpu m e

l a k s a n a k a n f u n g s i n y a s ; - b a g a i r n a k h l u k T u h a n , i n s a n e k o n o m i s ,

i n s : ~ n s o s i e , l , w a r g a n e g a r o d a n a n g g o t a r n a s y a r a k a t . Pengern

b a n g a n S u r n b e r D a y a M a n u s i ' a a d a l a h p r o s e s p ~ n i n g k a t a n k u a l i

t a s m a n u s i a d a n m e n t r a n s f o r r n a s i k a n m a n u s i a men j a d i a n g k a t a n

k e r j a p r n d u k t i P . U l e h k a r e n a n y o d i p e r l u k a n d i p e r l u k a n P e

n q o r b a n a n u n t u k r n e m p e r o l e h s u r n b e r d a y a m a n u s i a y a n g d a p a t

d i k e m b a n g k a n r n e l a l u i b a n y a k c a r a . Y a n g p a l i n Q u t a r n a r n e l a l u i

j a l u r p e n d i d i k a n f o r m a l , r n u l a i d a r i S e k a l a h D a s a r , S e k n l s h

t r i c n c n g a h , s a r n p a i k e B k a d e r n i d a n P e r g u r u a n T i n g g i . K e d u a me

l a l u i p r o g r a m l a t i h a n s i s t i m a t i k rnaupun l a t i h a n i n f o r m a l pa

d a p e r u s a h a a n y a n g r n e r n p e r k e r j a k a n n y a , a t a u d a l a r n p r o g r a m

p e n d i d i k e n b o q i o r a n g d e w a s a d a n r n e l a l u i k e a n g g o t a a n n y a d a

l a m b c r l ~ a q a i o r g s n i s a s i s o s i a l , p o l i t i k , I ~ u d a y a , d a n agarna

t i e t i g a , j a l u ~ p e n g e r n b a n g n n d a l a r n r n a s y a r a k a t t e r u t a m a d i

1 . i n q k u n g a n k e r j a . K e t i g a j a l u c t e r s e b u t s a l a i n g r n e l c n g k a p i

d r , n s a l i n c ] n e n g i s i s e r t a s a l i n g t e r k a i t y a n g s a t u d e n g a n

yencj l a i n s e h i n g g a m a s i n g - m a s i n g r n e r u p a k a n s u b s i s t e r n d a r i

s i s t c r n i 1 [ ? n g e m b a n g a n S ~ ~ m b c r O a y a K a n u s i a ( PDSM ). H e t i g a j u

l u r ?5[ )? , ; t e r s e b u t p a d 8 d n s a r n y a u n t u k r n e r n a e r s i a p k e n s e s e o

r a n g d e n g a n k u a l i f i k a s i y a n g d i p e r l u k a n u n t u k m e r n e n u h i p e r

s y a r a t a n k e r j a . f\larnun, p e n g a l a m a n rnenun j u l t k a n b a h w a s i s t em

p e r i d i d i k z n f o r m a l urnumnya k u r a n g d a p a t m e m e n u h i p e r s y a r a t a n

j a b a t a n y a n g a d a s e h i n g g a s i s t em l a t i h a n d i p e r l u k a n u n t u k

m e n j a r n b a t a n i d u n i a p e n d i d i k a n t e r s e b u t d e n g a n d u n i a k e r j a .

~ ' I E N , ~ F _ ~ . ~ D ~ \ T ; ~ T ~ ~ I D U N I I \ f-'ENbIDIl'li\M I > A K DUNI r? K E F J n

n d a s e m e n t a r a p e r n i k i r a n y a n g m e n g a j u k a n s u p a y a p e n

p e n d i d i k a n d i u p a y a k a n d a p a t l a n g s u n g m e m e n u h i k e b u t u h a n

p a s a r k e r j - 3 . U n t u k i t u p e r e n c a n a a n p e n d i d i k a n d i s u s u n

b e r d a s a r k ? ~ y o r k i r a a n k e b u t u h a n , b a i k d n r i s e g i j u m l a h ma

u p u n d n r i n e q i t i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n d a n k c t e r a m p i l a r i ( rnanpo

wer a p p r o a c h t o e d u c a t m o n a l p l a n n i n g ) . N e g a r a - n e q a r a y a n g

m e n c o b a r n e l a k s a n a k a n p e n d e k a t a n i n i t e r n y a t a m e n g a l a m i k c

s u l i t a n k a r e n a b e b e r a p a a l a s a n , P e r t a r n a , u n t u k r n e n y u s u n

p r o g r a m p e n d i d i k a n y a n g l a n g s u n g s e s u a i d e n g a n p e r s y a r a t

a n k e r j a h a r 1 . 1 ~ d i d u k u n g o l e h l a b o r a t o r i u m rlari p e r a l a t a n

y a n g c ~ ~ k u p m a h a l . . n u k a n h a n y a n e c j a r a b e r k e m b a n r l , S a h k a n

n e g a r a m a j u s e k a l i p u n t e r n y a t a t i d a k mampu r n e n y e d i k a n l a

h o r n t o r i u m d a n p e r a l a t a n p r a k t e k y a n g l e n g k a p d i s c k o 2 a h

s e k o l . a h f o r m a l r n e r e k a .

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k e r j n m e n u n t u t p e n y u s u n a n k u r i k u l u m y a n g m e n j u r u s k e p a d a

s p e s i a l i s a s i . J a d i , s e t i a p a n a k d i d i k a t a u s i s w a , s e j a k

m u l ; ~ I ~ a r u s d i a r a h k a n u n t ~ r l < r n e n q i s i j a b n t a n - . j a b a t a n t e r t e n

t u . :cili .ngg;i b i l a n e o r a n q l u l ~ l s n n t e r t e n t u n c n c r n u i l o w o n g

a n y a n q s e s u a i , m a k a p r o s e s p e n q i s i a n l o w o n q a n t i d n k m e

n g a l c m i k e s u l i t a n . D i l a i n p i h a k , s t r u k t u r p e r c k o n o r n i a n

d a n s t r u k t u r p e k e r j a a n b e r u h n h r n e n j a d i c e p a t . P r o q r a n p e n

c i i d i k a n y a n g d i s c ~ s u n b e r d : g s a r k a n k o n d i s i p z s a r h n r i i n i

b e l u r n t e r i t u s e s u a i l a q i d ~ n g a n k o n d i d i p a s a r 3-5 t a h u n

y o n q a k a n d c i t n n q , k a r e n a k u r i k u l u m t i d n k b e q i t u mudzih d i

u b n h s f ? t , i ; l p t a l i u n ,

k : e t i g ? , t e k n o l o g i d e w a s a i n i h e r k e n b a n g d e n g a n s a

n q a t [:r?c,at. L . l n t ~ ~ k p e r u b a h a n t e k n o l o q i , r l i p e r l u k a n p e r u

L a h a n I : e n a ~ i p u a n a t a u k c t e r a m p i l a n k e r j o . \ : a r e n a k u r i k u l u m , - . A

p e n d i d i k a n y a n q b e r s i f a t k a k u , rnaka s i s t , e r n p e n d i d i k a n s e

l a l u k e : : i n q g a l . a r i d e n q a n kerna j u a n t e k n o l o q i . Llengan k a t a

l a i n , : ; ? l a l u a d a j u r a n g a t a u g a p a n t a r z d u n i a k e j a .

I ' i e h a l i n y a p r o g r a m l a t i t i a n k e r j a l e b i h b e r s i f a t

f l e k s i l ~ t ? l k a r e n a w a k t u p e l a k s a n a a n n y a r e l . a t : i f s i n g k a t

d a n d a n k u r i k u l u m n y a s e g e r t ? d a p a t d i s e s u a i k a n d e n g a n p e

r u b a h a n p o s a r d a n p e r k e r n b q n g a n t e k n o l o r l i . G a h k a n l a t i h

a n d a p s t d i l a k u k a n d i l i n q k u n g a n d a n o l c h p e r u s a h a a n , d e

n g a n d l z m i k i a n s e k a l i q u s r n e n g i k u t i p e r u b a h a n s t r u k t u r e

k o n o r n i d a n p e r k e r ~ i b e n g a n t e k n o l o g i . V i l a L c r j b d i t i d a k k c

s e s u a i a n p a s a r , rnaka t e n a g a y a n g t i d a k t e r s e r a p d a p a t d i

l a t i h k e r n b a l i d a l a m w a k t u y a n g r e l a t i f s i n g k a t u n t u k me

n g i s i l o w o n g n n y a n g k o s o n g a t a u y a n g a d a . D e n g a n d e r n i k i

a ) . R p a p u n y a n g d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n s i s t e r n p e n d i d i k a n f o r m a l .

a k a n s e l a l u t ~ r d a p a t k e s e n j a n g a n a n t a r a d u n i a p e n d i

d i k a n d e n g a n d u n i a k e r j a .

b ) . 5 e b s b i t u t i d o k p e r l u s i s t e r n p e n d i d i k a n d i p a k s a k a n

r n c n q t i i t s i l k a n t e n a g a v a n g o t o m a t i s s e s u a i d e n g a n k e b u

t u h n n k e r j a . D u n i a p e n d i d i k a n d e n g a n k e l e n g k a p a n p e ~ i 2 . i \Jkl- ,L' l l ! '

p/l p ,: I , : *-- --

17

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t r a n s f o r m a s i k a n t e n a g a s i a p l a t i h d a n s i a p k e r j a .

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c.likan d ~ n r l a n d u n i 2 ker j :~. ! ; e r n a k i n l e b n r k c s e n j n n g s n c l u n i a

p e n d i d i k a n d e n q a n d u n i a k e r j a , s e m a k i n h e s a r b e b a n y a n g

h a r u s d i u j i a y a k a n m e l a l u i l a t i h a n k e r j a d a n s e b a l i k n y a .

JI\LlJi? P;Ir:r;EPl R,'il\iG,'ir.J Sllr,; '1ER i ) , i Y A I-;,?NUS 1.2

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b a g a i k e q i a t a n u n t u k ~ ! i o n : ! t l a s i l a k n b a r a n g d a n j a s a u n t u i : .

m e n i n q k i ~ t l < t l n k u a l i t a s h i r j u p n y a . I 1 e n g c m b a n g a n : ; umber dnyn

r n a n k l s i a d a p a t d i l a k u k a n r n e l a l u i t i g a j 3 l u r u t a m a , y a i t u :

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p e n ? e m b ; 3 n q a n d i t e r n p i l t k e r j a .

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mum d t ln p c n d i d i k a n k e j u r u a n m u l a i d a r i t i n g k a t s e k o l a h d a

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t i n g k n t a t a s , d a n p e r g u r u a n t i n g g i . J i ~ l u r p e n d i d i k a n m c r n

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n g e r n b a n g a n w a t a k d a n k e p r i b a d i a n .

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b a h a n p i2nur lasen h s r u r n e r n b e r i k a n t a n t a n g n r i y a n g r n e n u n t u t

kernarnpulin y a n q 1 e b i . h t i n g g i a t a u y a n g 1 ~ : h i h l u a s .

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n q e r n b z n q a n d a n p e r e n c a n a a n k a r i e r p e q a w z i .

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t a s , : ; i s t e r n p e n d i d i k a n f o r m a l m e n e k a n k a n kernar.-puan i n t e

l e k t u a l a k a d e m i s s e d a n g k a n n i s t e m l a t i h a n k e r j a r n e n e k a n

k a n k e r n a i n p f ~ a n t e l cn i s dign k c t e r a m p i l a n k e r js . L)i s a m p i n q

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r e l a t i f t ~ t n p f p a n j a n g , s r !dnngkan s i s t e r n l n t i t i a n k c r j ; ? u

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s ~ r ; y a n q ! e b i h b e s a r n e m p e r o l e h p e k e r j a n n d a r i p ~ l d a .. lui: .:I

l u s a n p e n d i d i k a n umum. D e m i k i a n j u g a k u r i k u l u m l a t i h a n

k e r j a t e l a h d i a r a h k a n k e p a d a p e m e n u h a n p e r s y a r a t a n k e r

j a l e b i l i d a r i p a d a k u r i k u l u m p e n d i d i k a n k e j u r u a n , s e h i n g

g n l u l u o n n l a t i h a n k c r j n rnernpunyai a k s e s y a n g l e b i h be

s a r m e r n p e r o l e h p e k e r j a a n d a r i p a d a l u l u s a n p e n d i d i k a n k e

j u r u a n . ( [ l a y a m a n ; 1992 ,ZG-27 ) .

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t u j u a n . D a l a m m e n y u s u n s u d ~ t u s t r a t e g i maka o r a n g m e m p e r

h i t u n q k a n b e r b a g a i t i n d a k a n d a l a r n r n e n c a p a i 1 ;uJuan i n i ,

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t e g i pen t inng11nan s u m b e r dnyt3 m a n u s i a acln'.lah s ~ b ~ g a i b~

r i k u t : ( S o e p r a t o :

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d a n k e u o n g a n s e b a g a i s c b a g a i m a s u k a n i n ~ t ~ r u r n e n t a l .

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s u k a n l i n g k u n g a n .

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d a y a m a n u s i a .

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p e r l u d i p e r h a t i k a n y a n g t e r u t a r n a a d a l a h g a m b a r a n surnber

d a y a r n a n u s i a y a n g d i j a d i k a n i m p u t a t a u m a s u k ' a n k a s a r d a

lam p r o s e s p e m b a n g u n a n . P e r l u d i p a h a m i j a t i d i r i surnber

d a y n m a n u s j a i n i d e n g a n memahami p o t e n s i d a n k e l e r n a h n n

y a n g d i m i l i k i .

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r a m p i l , r n e n g u a s a i i l m u , t e k n o l o g i t i n g g i , d a n m a r n i l i k i

c i t r a e k n n a m i y a n g t a n g g u h s e r t a b e r m o r a l P a n c a s i l a .

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, c i p t a ;;enaq:: p e m b a n g u n a n d a r i n e g a r c ! y a n q t e l a h r n a j u .

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o r a n g y 3 n g r n e n d a r n b a k a n n y a .

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p e n d i d i k a n d a p a t d i t e k a n k a n p a d a k e b i j a k s a n a a n b e r i k u t :

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n c n g a h pf! r tarna d a n a t a s .

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l u d i u l ~ a h .

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p e r g u r i i a n t i n g g i .

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i l m u a l a m d n n f a k u l t a s e k s a k t a l a i n n y a p c r l u d i p e r b u s a r

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i n c l i v i d u d s r i w a r q a b a n q s n y a n g b e r s a n g k u t a n .

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p u rnc l r ienuhi s y a r a t a k a n d a p a t , k e s e m p a t a n u n t u k m e n g i k u t

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p e n d i d l . % a n n s s i o n a l d a n s i s t e m l a t i h a r l kerj;:i n a s i o n a l ,

d u n i a p ~ n d i d i k s n d i d u k u n g clan d i l e n g k a l i i p r o g r a m l a i i h

a n I t e r . j ? a k a n d a p a t m f n y c d i a k a n t e n a q i ~ , y a n j d i b u t u h k a n '.

a ~ P L I ygnr l s e s u a i d e n 7 a n p e m b a n r j u n a n .

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rne1:; luj . s u m b e r d a y a m q n u s i a , y a i t u r n e l a l u i p e n d i d i k a n

formal . . , 1 - a t i h a n k e r ja , d o n p e n g e m b a n g a n d i t e r n p a t k e r ja

F ' e n i n q k a t a n m u t u d a n ke rnampuan t e n a g a k e r j a t i d a k h a n y i ~

h e r k a i t a n d e n g a n s e j l - ~ m l a h a n g k a t a n k e r j n y z n ~ p e r l u d i

d i d i k d a n d i l a t i h , a k a n t e t a p i j u g a h e r k a i t a n d e n g a n k c

s e s u a i a n a n t a r a h8si.l ! ~ e ~ d i d i k a n d a n l n t i h a n t ~ r s e b u t

d e n r l a n k e i ~ u t u h a n l a t i h a n k e r j , ? d a n p e r s y a r s t n n k e r J a .

I l ~ n d i d i k a n f o r m a l h ~ i k ' y a n g b e r s i f a t umum m a u p u n , k ~ j u

r u a n r n e r u p o k a n j a l u r y a n g s a n g a t p e n t i n g u n t u k nembo

n q u n d a n r n e n g e m b a n g k a n p e n g e t a h u a n , b a k a t d a n k e p r i b a c ' i

a n , s i k a p m e n t a l , k r e a t i v i t a s , p e r n a l a r a n d a n k e c e r d a s a n

s e a e o r a n g , I n i r n e r u p a n f o n d a s i p e n t i n : ] u n t u k rncmhangun

n u t u s u r n l l e r d r !y . i m a n u s i a d i m n s a y a n q a % ? n d n t n n g .

i l i s a m p i n q p e n d i d i k a n F o r m a l , j a l u r l a p 3 n q a n k e r j a

s a n g i i t p e n t i n q p e r a n : _ l r i n y n , L a t i h a n k e r j a n i e r u p a k a n p r o s e s

p e n g e m b a n g a n k e a h l i a n d a n k e t e r a m p i l n n k e r j a y n n 7 l a w

s u n ? r l i k a i t k n n d e n g a n p ~ k e r j a a n d a n p e r : ; y a r a i t a r l k c r j ; ! , a

t n y d c n g a n k a t i ! ] .air: , l a t i h a n k e r j a e a t h u h u n r ~ a n n y a d e n g s n

p F n q e r n b a n g a n p r o f e s i o n a l i s r n e t e n a g a k e r j 3 . S i s t e m l a t i h a n

k e r j : : n:~'l: ; isn:~l. y a n ! ~ t c l a h d i t e t a p k a n o l c h men t e r i tcni12a

k e r j a , m e r n b c r i b k r ~ n p e d o r n a n d a n a r a h a n u n t u k p e n g e r n i ~ a n g a n

j a l . u r l : : t i t i a ~ ~ k e r j o b 3 j . k yanh; d i l a k u k a n o l e h l e m b a q a - l a

' i i l i a n I:cr j : 3 m a u p u n o l . e h p c r u s a h a a n .

J a l u r k e - t i q a \ i a n l j t n k k a l a l i pent ; . in r lny; ! d t ~ l a m Pe

n i r i r ~ l : ~ t a n m:! tiu t e n a g a k e r L j a a d 2 1 at1 j a l u r p e n g e m b a n g a n d i

t c rnpn t ke13, j? . iY:ada t i a k e k r ? t n y n j ; l l u r i n i u n LuC: r n ~ r n . 3 n t a p l i n n

p r o f ' c s i . n n a l i : : r n e y n n q r l i l ~ c : n t u k r n e l a l u i 1;-I t : i t i an k u r j a . i> e

n g a n h i m 5 i n q a n d a n p e n g a l a m a n k e r j a y a n ; t c r u : ; m c n p r u s d a

l a m d u n i a k e r j a , rnaka p r o i ' e s i o n a l i : ; m e t c n a g a k c r ja g k a n

c j q p a t b e r k e m b a n g s e s u a i r l e n q a n kerna j u a n i l m u t r z k n o l o ~ i .

3 i s a r n p i n g p e n c l i d i k n n , l a t i h a n kcr j a d a n p e n g c n i

b a n r l a n r_l i t e m p a t ; k e r j a , rnaka p e n i r i r j k a t a n . r n u t u t e n a g a kz;.

, ja p c r l u d i d u k u n g o l c h p e r b a i k a n g i z i d ~ l n k e s c h a t a n .

H a 1 i n i 1 - 1 ~ n t i r i q t i c i a k t i a n y a u n t u k m e n d u k u n g k u t a h a n a n I:er

Ja a k n n . t ~ t a p i j u n a u n t u k m e n d u k u n q kernarnpuan : ] e l a j a r d a n

s e m a n q a t k e r j a .

! . : c l a l u i j a l u r - j a 1 u r p e n g e m b a n y a n r ;umbor day;: m a n u

s i a t e r s e l i u t , p e r l u d i u p a y a k a n t e r b c n t u k n y a p o s t u r m a n u

i I n c l o n e s i a y a n g b e r ( ~ e n a r n p i 1 a n s c b a g a i m a n u s i a pernba

n g u n a n d e n g a n c i r i t a a t r n e n 3 a l a n k a n a g a r n a , t o l e r a n d a n

s a l i n g r n e n g a h r g a i s e s a r n a m a n u s i a , b e r w a w a s a n b e r l c e p e n

t i n g a n n a s i o n a l , b e r h u d i l u h u r , u l e t d a n t a n g g u h , c e r d a s

t e r a r n p i l , b e r d i s i p l i n t i n g g i , b e r t a n g g u n g j a w a b , i n o f a

t i f d a n k r e a t i f , s e h i n q g a mampu b e k e r j a r n e n g o l a h s u m b e r

d a y 2 s e c a r a p r o d u k t i f .

O a i k p e n g e m h a n q a n s u m b c r d a y a m a n u s i a m a u p u n pem

b a n g u n a n n a s i o n a l p a d , umumnya d a p a t b e r l a n g s u n g d e n g a n

S a i k h d n y a d a l a r n k o n d i s i s t a b i l i t a s n a s i o n a l y a n g s e h a t

d n n d i n a r n i s . O l e h s c b a b i t u d a l a m r 'e rnbnnr lunan Jan :_ lka

F a n j a n g y a n g a k s n ria t a n g s e y o g i a n y a : b e r t u m p u pad. ] :

1. ? e n g e m h a n g a n s u r n b e r d a y n r n a n u s i a d a l a r n r a n g k a mernpcr

s i a p k o n r r l a n u s i a p e r n b a n g u n a n y a n g p r o d u k t i f da i i h e r k l !

a l i t a s

2. F ' c r t u r n h u h a n e k o n o m i y a n q c u k u p t i n g g i r n c l a l u i p e n d a

y a q u n a a n s u r n b e r d a y a m a n u s i o y a n g b e r k u a l i t a s L;E

h i n g g a rnampu r n e n i n q k a t k s n p e n d a p a t a n n a s i o n a l

3 . P e m a r a t a a r i p e r n b a n g u n a n dL3n h a s i l - h a s i i n y a m e n u j u t e r

c i p t a n y a k e a d i l a n s o s i a l b a g i s e l u r u h r a k a y a t I n d o n e

s i a

4 . S t a h i l i t a s n a s i o n a l y a n q rnarntap d a n d i n a m i s ,

S a l a h s a t u p e n g a r u h y a n g p e r l u d i p e r h a t i k a n d a n

rnendnrmnq b a n g s a I n d o n e s i a u n t u k h a n g k i t , s e c a r a k o k o h

d n l a m p c n ~ ! ~ a r i g u n a n a d a l i - 3 h a r u s g l o b a l i s a s i.

D ~ w a s a i n i d u n i a s e d a n g d i l a n d a o l e h s u a t u g e r a k a n

e k o n o m i b a r u y a n g m e n u j u k e p a d n e k o n o r n i k e s e j a h t e r a a n e c o

n o r n i c p r o s p e r t y . K e k u a s a a n e k o n o m i d u n i a menernbus b a t a s - b a t a s n a s i o n a l , s e h i n g g a d i m a d a m e n d a t a n [ ] k i t ? t i d a k cia

p a t m e n y e b u t i n i l a h e k o n o m i i n i l a h e k o n o m i 2 r n e r i k a , e k o n c

m i J e p a n g , E r o p a d a n s e b a g a i n y a , t e t a p i r n e n j a d i s a t u k e s a

t u a n p e r e k o n o r n i a n y a n y l e b i h d e m o k r a t i s , b e b a s , n e m b e r i

l c b i h b a n y a k k e s e r n p a t a n d a n r n e m b e r i k a n l c b i h b e s a r k e s e

j a h t e r a a n .

t ' l e n u r u t J h o n N a i s b e r t y a n g d i k u t i p o l e h S u t ~ e r r n a n , '.

a d a h e b e r a p a h a 1 y a n q m e n d o r o n g t e r b e n t u k n y a g l o b a l i s a s i

e k o n o m i a n a t a r a l a i n :

1. ' e r t i r n b a n g a n e k o n o r n i l e h i h p e n t i n g d a r i p a d a p e r t i m b a n g

a n p o 1 i t i . k .

F * : ? r e k o n o m i a n g l o b a l b u k a n l a h s e m a t a - m a t a t e r j a d i n y a

t r a n s a k s i p e r e k o m i a n a n a t a r a b a n y a k n e q a r i - i d i d u n i a t e

d u n i a i n i r n e n q a r a h p a d a t e r b e n t u n y a s u a t u s i s t e r n p e r e

k o r n i a n d u n i a , s c h i n g q a d u n i a i n i r n e n j a d i s u a t u p a s a r

y a n g t u n g g a l .

2. F e r d a g a n g a n h e h a s a n t a r n e g a r a

D E W ~ S ~ i n i t e l a h t e r j a d i t a n d a - t a n d i i t e r b e n t u n y a p e r e

n i r n i a n q l o b n l . r l e b e r a p a n e q a r a d a l a m s a t u r e g i o n / w i l a

ynh t e l - a h r n e n g i k a t k a n d i ~ i m e n j a d i s u s t u n i a s y a r a k a t p e

r e k o r n i a n .

3. i - i e n i n q k a t k a n e p i : ; i ~ n s i d a n p r o d u k s i

7 idonyn k ~ c e r i d r u n q a n rlercrasa i n i , bahrl1n t e r j a d i p e n i n g

k a t a i ~ ~ F i s i c n s i d a n e f e k t i f i t a s d a l a r n b i d a n q p r o d u k

s i s e b a g a i 2 k i b a t p e o e r a p a n i l r n u p e n g c t a h u a n d a n t e k

n n l o q i .

f l o n d a - b e n d n h a s i l . p r n d u k s i men J a c l i l c b i h k c c i l da la rn

d e n q q n ~ f ~ k t i f i t n s y a n q t i n g g i . R u k a n r n u s t a h i l S z 3 e

rap ;{ t a h u n y a n g n k a n r l a t a n q a n t e n a p ; 3 r a b o l a y a n q I l e

g i t , ~ ~ l ; c s a r a k a n t i a n y a m e n j a d i s e b e s a r p i r i n g rnakan , rlenc;nn i t e n s i t a s y a n g t i n g g i .

4 . i l e v o l u s i d a l a r n h i c l a n g t e l e k o m u n i k a s i \

~ e n g a n a d a n y a k a b e l s e r a t o p t i k y 3 n g r n e n g h u

b u n o k q n A m e r i k a , E r o p a , A s i a , d a n f i u s t r s l i : ~ p e r c a k a p

a n a n t a r b e n u a r n e n i n q k a t d a r i 4 8 k e s a m p a t a n men jacli

OClCiI1 k e s e r n p a t a n p e r g a k a p a n i n i r n e r u f ~ n k a n s u a t u l o n

c o t a n y a n q s a n g a t b e s a r

5. I 5 e r i s a u a n t e r h a d a p l i n g k u n q a n h i d u p

f 2 e l ~ c ; t a r i ; 3 n l i n g k u n g a n h i d u p n a r n p a k n f l a n l e n j a d i p e r

h a t i a n d 3 r i d u n i n . 5 u a t h p e r n b a b a t a n h u t a n y a n q t e r j a

d i s u a t u n e g a r a d i < j a d i k a n t o p i k p e m b i c a r a a n d u n i a .

n e g i t u j u g a d e n g a r i p e n g o t o r a n l a u t k a r c c a t e r t u m p a h n , n

n y e r n i n y a k t a n a h r n i s a l n y a . K e j a d i a n i n i a k a n rnernpe

n q a r u h i e q u a l i b r i u r n d u n i a

S e b a q a i s a l a t l s a t u q l o b a l i s a s i i n i p e r h a t i a n clan

I c e p e d u l i a n c i u n i a . p a d a r n a n u s i a r n e n j a d i l e b i h p e d u l i ,

2 0

b l a n u s i n d i a n g k a t men j a d i p u s a t p c r h a t i n n umap r n a n u s i a ,

P e r h d t i a n t e r s e b u t r n e l i p u t i :

a, ' ' ' e p e d u 1 i . - n t e r h a d a p e k r i i s t e n s i d i r i n y a .

b . " e p e d u l i a n t e r h a d a p p e r a n a n n y a d a l a r n h i d u p b ~ r s a r n a

c. K e p e d u l i n n t e r h a d a p h a k - h a k s e b a q q i y a n g r n e r e k a m i

l i k i .

['-:aka dewcisa i n i k ~ e r k e r n b a r l q i s s u m e n g e n a i h a k a z a z i ma

, I

n u s i a , d e r n o k r a s i d a n k c l e s t a r i a n l i n g k u n g a n . i t a p e r

l u [ , l n s p a d a t e r h a d a p i s s u - i s s u t e r s e b u t .

z n r l i b a n g s ' i Inr . lones5.a p e r s o a l a n h a k a z a z i manu

s i a d e r n o k r a s i b u k a n ; l a r a n g b a r u . S e m e n j a k t a h u n 1945

b a n g s a I n d o n e s i ? r t e l a h r n e n c a n t u r n k a n h a 1 t e r s e b u t d a l a m

L.lLli) n y a . [.:aka d a l a r n r a n q k a r n e n r j h a d a p i i s s u t e r s e b u t k i

t a p c r l u kcrnt . la l i k e f - j a n c a s i l a rJ8n LIUI) 1345.

R A R I11

f l e r b i c a r ; . t e n t a n g s u r n b e r d a y a m a n u s i a ( SDt-1 )

t i d a k t e r l e p a s d a r i k o n t e k s p e m b a n g u n o n d i t a n a h a i r

k i t a y a n g s e d a n g d i p a c u d a n d i t i n g k a t k a n . P e r n b a n g u n a

r n e r n e r l u k a n d u a k a t e g o r i s u r n b e r d a y a , y a i . t u s u r n b e r d a

y a slam( S D R ) d a n s u r n h e r d a y a m a n u s i a ( SDPi ) . S c n i

p e m b a n g u n a n a d a l a h m e r n a n i p u l a v i s u m b e r c a y a a l a m d e

n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n s u r n b e r d a y a r n a n u s i a (SDK ) y a n g t e r

s e d i a un t u k m e n i n g k a t a k n m e n i n q k a t k a n k e r n a k m u r a n d a n

k e s e j a h t e r a a n m a s y a r a k a t , b a i k s e b a g a i i n d i v i d u m a u

p u n k e l o m p o k .

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p e n b a n g u n a n d a p a t d i a r n a t i p a d a a d a n y a e m p a t k a t e g o r i

n c q a r a d i d u n i ~ i n i d i . l i h a t d a r i p o t e n s i k e k u a t a n

p e r n b s n g u n a n y a n g d i r n i l i k i n y a y a i t u y a n q : ,

I I I, a y n a k a n s u r n b e r d a y a ~!~?alaril.? d a n r n e i n i l i k i s u r n S e z

d a y a m a n u s i a y a n g b e r m u t u t i n g g i

2. K a y a -!:an s u r n b e r d a y a a l a m t e t a p i r n e m i l i k i s u r n S c r

d a y 2 m a n u s i a y a n q k u r a n q b e r m u t u

3. T id2 l : k a y a a k a n s u r n b e r d a y a a l a m t e t a p i r n e m i l i k i

s u m b e r d a y a m a n u s i a b e r r n u t u t i n g g i

4 . T i d o k k a y a a k a n s u r n b ~ r d a y a a l a r n d a n r n e m i l k i s u r n b e r

d a y 3 m n n u s i a y a n q k u r a n g b ~ ? r r n u t u .

( r , ~ ~ c j 8 r c l j a : h a l e I )

J i k a d i a r n a t i k c b e r h a s i l a n n y a d a l a r n r n e n i n r j k a t k a n

t a r 6 f k e r n a k r n u r a n , y a n g d i u k u r d e n g a n GPIP, n c g a r a k a t e

g o r i a clan c a d a l a h y a n g p a l i n g b e r h a s i l d a l a m a r t i b i

s a r z r a i h t i n q k a t kernakrnuran t e r t i n g g i . l , !egara y a n q

t e r r n a s u k k e d a l a r n k a t e q o r i b d a p a t d i b a c i a t a s d u a k e

l o m p o k , y a i t u y a n g b e r p e n d u d u k y a n g r e l a t i f k e c i l s e

h i n g q a hiss m e n c a p a i t a r a f ke rnakrnuran t i n ~ g i d a r i p e

m a n f a a t i l n :;urnher r l aya a l a r n y a n g d i r n i l i k i n l j a , d a n y a n g

b c r p e n d u d u k b e s n r t ; idal< t ~ e r h a s i l m e r a i h t i n q k s t k e n n k

m u r f l n yi3r1rl t i n g g i n c s k i p u n t e l a h c u k u p rnemanf a a t k a n

s u r n b e r (Ant;? a la rnny i i . 5 e r n e n t a r a i t u , n e o : ~ r : ! k n t e g o r i d

m e r u p n k a n y a n g p s l i n g k e t i n q g a l a n .

3 e b e n a r n y 2 t e l a h b a n y a k u p a y a y a n q t e l a h d i l a k u

k a n d : ~ l a m r a n g k o rnernbanqun d l n e q a r kit:^, r n u l a i d a r i

p e m b a n g u n a n b e r b a g a i s a r a n a d a n f a s i l i t a s f i s i k , pemba

n g u n z n b i d a n g e k o n o m i , k e s t < h a t a n , k e p e n d u d u k a n , k e p e n

d i d i k a n , d s n l a i n - l a i n , t e t a p i o l e h k a r c n a l u a s n y a d a n

kornpl2k: : ;nya p e r r n a s a l a h a n y a n g d i h a d a p i , m a s i h b a n l ~ a k

s a j a y a n g h a r u s d i s e l e s a i k a n , a p a l a g i k i t a i n g i n l e b i h

c e p a t l a g i d a l q m m e n c a p a i s a s a r a n p e r n b a n q u n a n i t u .

O l e h k a r e n a i t u k i t a c a r i t e r u s a l t e r n a t i f p e n d e k a t a n

y a n q p a l i n g c o c o k d a n e f e k t i f . O e w s a i n i p a r a p e n g a m

h i 1 k e p w t u s n n r n e n g a r a h k a n p e r h a t i a n y a n q l e b i h h e s a r k e

p a d a p e r a n p e n d i d k a n s e h a q a i s a r a n 3 p e n g e m h a n g a n s u r n b c r

d n y a m a n u s i a ( 5l)t' ) .

K e t e r k a i t a n p e n d i d i k a n d e n g a n p e m b a n g u n a n d i u r e i

k n n o l e h h a n y a k a h l i p e n d i d i k a n d a n i l m u - i l m u s o s i a l

k o n t e m p o r e r y n n q r n e n q q u n a k a n s u d u t p a n d a n q y a n q b e r l a i n

a n , l e r i k u t i n i s e c a r d s i n g k a t a k a n d i k e r n u v a k a n p a n d q n g

a n p e n 2 a n u t t e o r i r n o d c r n i s a s i , I 1 h u m a n c a p i t a l " , k o n f l i k

d a n p a n d g n q a n s k e p t i s .

P a r a p e n q a n u t t e o r i m o d e r n i s f l s i r n e l i t i a t b a h w a

p e n d i c l i k a n rnerneqang i l e r a n a n d a l a m p e r k e r n b a n g a n e k o r i o r n i

r n e l a l u i p e n q e r n b a n g a n s i s t e r n n i l a i , k e y n k i n a n , s i k a p d a n

p r i l a k u yan1.3 d i p e r l u k a n o l e h d u n i a k e r j a . T o k o h - t o k o h

s c p e r :.i E n i l e L ) u r k h e i m ( m o r a l , s o l i c i ~ ~ r i t a s s n s i a l j ,l.;a>:

1d2hz r ( r a s i o n a l i t a s , k e b i a s a a n k e r j a k e r a s d a n h i d u p

h ~ m a t , w i r a s w a s t a , b i r o k r a s i ) , D a v i d r:. t . ; c l ; l e l l a n d (

n e e t l T o r ~ c h i e v e r n e n t ) , A l e x I n k e l e s ( m o d e r n i t y s c a l p )

T a l c a t t [ - ' a r s o n s ( r n e l e k h u r u f , r a s i o n c f l i t a s ) , d a n 0 s

c a r L? t , r i s ( b u d a y a k e r n i s k i n a n ) r n e r u p a k a n p e n d u k u n g - p e n

dul:~.!nq u t a r n a t e o r i i n i . P a d a d a s a r n y u n i e r e k a b c r p e n d ? ~ ~ . .

p a t o r o n g b i s n l c b i h p r o d u k t i f a p a b i l a r n e m i l k i s is tern

n i l a i , k e p e r c a y a a n , s i k a p d a n p r i l a k u y a n q m e n u n j a n g ,

y a n q s e m u a n y a b i s a d i t a n a m d a n d i k e m b a r g k a n r n e l a l u i p e n

d i d i k a n . ( S u d a r d j a : h a l . 4 )

r l n t a r ? k e o r i r n n d e r n i s a s i d ~ l n t c o r i human k a p i t z l

t e r d a p c t t k e s a m a a n - k e s a r n n a n d a l a m h a l , p e r t a r n a , k e d u a - du

anyFq mr lndukunq p e r n b i a y a a n p e n d i d i k a n , k e d u e , r n e l i h a t k e

rna j u a n m a u p u n h a r n b a t a n p z r k e m b a n g a n e k n n o r n i p a d ; ? f a k t o r

i n t e r n : ? ] . r n a s y a r ? ~ k a t y a n ? b e r s a n g k u t a n . F l e h k a r p n a i t u

kedu-n t e o r i i n i r n e n d s p e t k r i t i k t a j a r n d : i r i p e n g a r u h t c o

r i k o n f l i k d a n kaurn r a d i k a l ,

lLarc : p e n g a n u t t . e o r i k o n f l i k m e n d a s a r k a n t e o r i n y a k e p a d a

t e n r i \ / a n [ ! d ikern1.1anqkan V ~ a r l I.?arx d e n g a n p e r u b a h a n clan

p e n y e s u a i a n s e p e r l u n y a . , f - ' a d a urnurnnya p a r 8 p e n g a n u t t ~ o r i

i n i n iernandang k e t . e r b e l a k a n g a n s u a t u r n a s y a r a k a t ( a t a u p u n

k e m a j u a n ) ~ i d a k t e r l c p a s d a r i h u b u n q a n n y a d e n g a n m a s y a r a

k:it l a i n s e l ~ e l u m n y a . J a c l i k e t e r b e l a k a n g a n y a n ; ~ t e r j a d i

p d d a rnas!rarnka I; b l !k8s j a . . j a t i a n , p u n y a k c t . e r l c g i t a n l a n q

s u n r j d t : n q a n beka!; p f ? n j a _ i a h n f l a y a n g r n e n q e k s p l n i t a s i n y 3 .

I . : e r c k a r n e l i h a t p e n d i d i k a n s c b a g a i k o n t r i b o t n r u ta rna ba

r ) i pcrkcrnhanr3ar i k e h i d u p a n e k o n o m i d n n k c r n f d s y a r a k a t a n , t e

t a p i m c r e k a t , i d n k r n e m p p r s o a l k a n a p a k o n t r i t ~ u s i i t u , rne la

i n k a n l e b i t i r n e r n p c r s n a l k a n p e n d i d i k a n rnacam a p a y a n g d i

p e r l u k a n u n t u k s u a t u j c n i s p e r n b a n g u n a n d a n u n t u k k e p e n

, tirn11;ln : ; i a p a p c n c l i d i k a n i t u . H a 1 i n i d i k e r n u k ? l k a n d a l a m

r n n g k a r n e n q k r i t i k model . p e n d i d i k a n p a d ? r n a s y a r a k a t k a p i

t a l i s y:?nq d i n i l a i n y n r n e n q u t a m a k a n p e l a y a n a n k e p a d o p c

n g u a s a clan r n e m p e r t a h a n k ~ n k e t i d a k s a m a n n (inequalities )

S e k o 1 a l . i - s e k o l a h d i n e q a r a k n p i t a l i s , r n e n u r u t m e r e k e , h e r

l;u j u o n r n e n q h 2 s i l k a n t e n ~ g a k e r j a y a n q pa t u h d e n j i n a k .

i ' e n d i d i k a n d i n e q a r a b e k a s j a j a h a n d ? n n e g a r a d u n i a k e

t i t ] ? , m e n u r u t r n e r e k a , r n e r u p a k a n j i p l a k a n d a r i p e n d i d i k

a n d i n e g a r a b e k a s p e n J a j a h n y a , d e n g a n c i r i s e p e r t i d i

k a n u k a k a n d i a t a s , t e r f o k u s p a d a k e p e n t i n g a n p e n j a j a h

d a n bukar i k e p a d a k e p e n t i n g a n r n a s y a r a k a t n y a . P a r a p e n g a

n u t t e o r i i n i b e r p e n d a p a t b a h w a k e b i j a k s a n a a n p e n d i d i k

a n h a r u s d i f o k u s k a n k e p a d a p e r n b e r a n t a s a n b u t a h u r u f

yanr l m e r u p a k a n h a r n b a t a n y a n g u t a m a b a g i p e m b a n g u n a n .

: . l a q i r n e r e k a r n e l e k h u r u f o d a l a h k u n c i p e r ! : e m b a n g a n g ekcl

norni d a n r e a t r u k t u r a s i k e a d a a n s o s i a l s c r t a p o l i t i k d a

r i r n a s y a r a k a t .

T e o r i l a i n y a n q j u g a b e r a k o r p q d r t e o r i Ka r l

f 4 a r x a d a l a h t e o r i k e t e r g a n t u n g a n . P e n g a n u t t e o r i i n i

m e l i h a t k e t , r e g a n t u n g a n n e g a r a d u n i a k e t i g a k e p e d a n e g a

r a m a j u yai;q h a r u s d i l ~ e l 1 : 3 s k a n m e l a l u i p e n d i d i k a n . P e n

d i d i k a n h a r u s mampu m e l i h a t r n a s a l a h k e t e r g a n t u n g a n i t u

d a n h a r u s m e n y h a s i l k a n k e r n a n d i r i a n . S a l B h s e o r a n g t o k o h

p e n d i d i k a n y a n g m e n d a p a t n y a s e r i n g k a n s e r i n n k a l i d i k a i t

k a n d e n g a n d s p e n d e n c y t h z o r y a d a l a h P a u l o F r e i r e . I a me

n g e r i t i k s e k o l a h - s e k o l a h t r a d i s h o n a l y a n g g i s w n n y a k u

r a n q b e r p e r a n a k t i f , d a n r n e n g i b a r a t k a n n y a s . e b a g a i s i s

tern b a n k y a n g m e r i g h a s i l k a n b u d a y a d i a m ( c u l t u r e U P si

l c n c e ) . F e n d i d i k a n , m e n u r u t p e n d a p a t n y a , h a r u s m e n a

narnkan k e s q d a r n n a k a n p e r r n a s a l a h a n d a n m e n g p u n a k a n p e n

d e k a t a n r l i a l o g . I

I : 'qnrianqnn t e r a k l i i'~. van( , ] p c r l u rnentl:!pz t p e r h a t i a n

; ~ r ~ ~ i l . a l i yi:lr>r] d i s e l i u t r ~ l . p ! i I l u r n se t r rac la i s k e ( 1 t ; i c i s r n ).

F-nnd::ngi?l! i n i r n e l i h a t p e r a n p e n d i d i k a n d a l a m p e r k e m b a n g

a n e k o n o r n i c l ~ n g a ~ ; k e r n g u : - l n , m u n g k i n k e k u r a n g a n k e p e r c a

l i h a t p c n r j i d i k a n , k i 7 u s ~ 1 s n y a p e n d i d i k a n F o r m a l s c h a c n i

b e n a r n v o r1;ipat d i i h z r a t k a n s c b a g ; 3 i rncnq; ; rnat i s e b u a h S e n

d n d q r i i ~ i ? r l ~ a t j n i , i ~ ~ r u r , n n y a n g b e r b e d a y a n q m e n y e t ~ a b k a n

c l i p c r o l e t i ~ i y a g o r n h a r a n . yoriy b e r l a i n - 1 n i n : l n y a n g s a l i n g

r n e l p n q k a p i . O c n q a n a u r n s i i t u rnaka d a p a t c l i s i r n p u l k a n b n h

wa p e n r j i d i k a n d a l a m m ~ n g e r n b a n g k a n d a n r n e n i n i ~ k a t k a n S u n

I I b e r I ) a y r ~ a n u s i a ( 710K ) r n e l a k u k a n p e r a n - p e r a n s e b a g a i

b e r i k u l :

1. M e r n ! ~ t ? r s i ~ p k a n d a n r n e r n p e r b a h a r u i p e r a n r l k a t m e n t a l . p s i

k o l a g i s w n r g ~ m a s y a r a k a t , s e h i n g g a s i a p r n e n g h a d a p i

k e h i d u p a n y a n o l e b i h m a j u d a n h e r u b a t i s e s u a i d e n g a n

p c r ! < c m b a n g a n s s r t a t u n t u t a n z a m a n .

2. l . i e r n r , e r s i a p k a n w a r g a m a s y a r a k a t d e n g a n k e t e r a m p i l a n

d a n kerncirnpuan k e r j a y a n g d i p e r l u k a n dalarn m a s y a r a k a t

rnaupun d u n i a k e r j n .

3 . t - i e m p e r s i a p k a n h l a r g q m n s y a r a k n t d e n g a n s i f a t k r i t i s

clan k c h e r a n i a n h i d u p m a n d i r i t e r l e p a s d a r i k e t e r g a n

t u n g a n k e p a d a p i h a k l a i n .

4 , M e n g p r n b a n g k a n ke rna rnpuan k r e a t i f d a n a d a p t i f d a l a r n me

m a r n f a a t k a n p o t e n s i y a n q d i r n i l i k i

( S u d a r d j a : h a l . 9 ) .

S e p e r t i y a n q d i k e r n u k n k a n d i a t a s , ? ~ r a p e n d i d i k

h a r u s r n c r n i l i k i kernernpuan r n e m i l i h d a n r n e n c r a p k a n s t r a t e

g i yan:: c o c o k c l r i tuk r n e n r l h a d a p i b a h a n r n e n t a h y o n y ad-2

d a n d a i a r n r a n g k a m e n c a p a i l u l u s a n y a n y d i h a r a p k a n . O l e h

k a r e n a i t u , p e n g e t a h u a n r n e n g c n a i k u a l i t a s b a h a n men t a h ,

d s l a m a r t i k u a l i t a s k e h i r d u p a n y a n q a k a n d i u h n t l , d i p e r h a

i k i , d a n d i a t a s i i t ; u arna t d i y ~ e r l u k a n . I < u a l i t a : ? r n a n u s i a \

n y a i t u s c n c l i r i s e b a g a i p e n c r t a d i d i k , d i a s u r n s i k a n s e l u :

r u l i n y a s e k u r a n q - k u r a n g n y a r n e m e n u h i p e r s y a r a t a n m i n i m a l

P i a sy : ! r r t ka t, d c n a cj~?cr;ls;; i n i r n r ? n r l h a r l n l ~ i be r l1~ ! f l i 3 i

n a s a l a h dnrt ' i 8 n t a n q a n ynn!? c u l t u p b e r a t , d a n d a l a m b a n y a k

s e b a ! ] i o n r i a r i n s s : j l a h dr.ln t a n t a n g a n i t u o l c h y n n g b c r

s a n g k u t a r i t i d a k t c r s a l a g i s e b a q a i r n a s a l a h k a r e n n s u d a h

t e r b i a s a . O l e h k z r e n o itl-I d i p e r l u k a n m a t e y a n g c u k u p j e

l i a g a r n a r n p u r n e n g e n a l i r n a s a l a h y a n g d h h a c l a p i . U i a n t a

r a r n a s a l t l t ~ d a n t a n t a n g a n i t u a d a l a h :

I . 5 i t u a : j i k e p e n d u d u k a n y a n q k u r a n q rnenqt ln t ; u n g k n n , b a i k

d a r i s e g i j u m l a h , s t r u k t u r rneupun k u a l i t a s .

2. K e h i d u j 1 3 n c r l n d r u n q s e r n a k i n s u l i t , k a k e n a Si) f i y a n g b i

a s a d i m n n f a a t k a n t e l a h m e n u r u n k u a l i t a s a t n u k u a n t i

. tz:sP!/;.

i ' , c n c ~ r u n a n k u a t i t a s rnunclkin aria k n i t a n n y a r lenqor i p e r t u n

! ~ u i ~ ; l r i i l ienduduk a t , a u p p r q r ? s e r a n dr-ll;rm pcmi l i k i n , s e d a n 7

k a n p e n u r u n a n k u a l i t a s r n u n q k i n o l e h k?r :?nn s u m b e r d a y a

a l a n l i ; e r u s r n c n e r u s d p p e r q u n a k a n tarnpil , p z r b a i k a n . a t a u

s c c ~ r n a l a r n i a h n e n r l a l n r n i k e r u s a k a n . r'lt?ng?,n d e m i $ i a n , u n

t u l < n c r n ! i e r o l e h pe rnenu l i zn k e b u t u h a n d i 1 : e r l u k a n u p a y s d a n

p e r ~ ~ l a t a n y a n g l e h i h k o r n p l e k s .

3 . S u l i t r n e r n p e r o l e h l a p a n g a n k e r j a . K a r e n a n y n b a n y 3 k pe

n g a n r j g u r a n tclk k e n t o r a , y a n q r n e n y e b a i j k a n 1 1 r o c l u k . t i v i t a s

k e r j a m e n u r u n . I l e s p o n l a i n t e r h a d a p k e s u l i t a n rnernpero

l e h l a p a n g a n k e r j a d i d i d e s a a d a l a h r n e l a k u k a n u r b a n i s e

s i y a n g h n n v a k m e n i r n b u l k u n p e r t n a s a l a h a n , a t a u m e n y a r a h

C-.?l?h t.arnpa r n a l n k ~ ~ l t a n 1 ~ 9 a h o .

4. G a n r j g u a n k e s e i r n b a n g a n h 3 r g a . P e n d u d u k d e s a m e n j u a l h a

s i l p r o d ~ . ~ l : n i n \ / e c ie r i qan h a r g a m u r a h , rrr!tjangkan h a r g a LIE!

1 . i k e p e r l u a n h i d u ! ] r n e r c k a l e b i l i t i n q g i d a r i p a d a c l i k o

t a . l { e u n t u n g a n j a tut i k e p a d a p e d a g a n g y a n g S u k a n o r a n g

d e s a l.!ang I ~ E ! r s a f l g k u t E ? n .

5 . T e r i k a t k u a t k n p a d a t r a i f i s i d a n u n s u r - u n s u r p r i v o r d i a l

s c h i n q g a kernampuan d a n k e h e r a n i a n n y a u n t u k b e r t i n d a k

r g s i o n a l r e n d a l l . D e s p a n s p a l i n q e k s t r i r n y a n q t i d a k d i

h a r a p l : a n n d n l a h m u n c u l n y a s i k a p f a t a l i s t i k .

6. K ~ ~ r z n a F a s i l i t r ~ r ; s o o i n l t c r r n a s u k f a s i l i t a s p e n d i d i k a n ,

b a i k p c n d i d i k a n p e r s e k a l a h a n rnaugun I . u a r s e k o l a h , t e r n n

. s u k \/;:inp; ! : r ? r s i V a t i n f o r r n n l . l i e k u r a n g a n i n i p u n I ~ i s a '

d a l a r n ' a k p e k ' k i ~ a n t i t a r , atu k u o 1 i t ; o s .

'7, t i e h i d u p a n d i d e s a s e c i a n g I ~ e r u b a h d e n q r l n c e p a t d n n

d e n q a n s e g a l a r j u n c a n g a n y a n g m e n y e r t a i n y a .

5 e : ~ e r t i y a n q d i k e r n u k a k a n d i a t a s , t e l a h h a n y 3 k

u p a y e d i l a k u k a n u n t u k m e r n l ~ a n g u n / r n e n i n g k a t k a n SOt: d i

w i l a y a h p e d e s a a n i n i m e l a l u i h e r b a g a i j u ~ u s 6 i s a l n y a

d i l ~ i d a n s e k o n u m i , I ~ i d a n g k e s e h a t a n , b i d a n q p a n d i d i k a n

d a n p e n y e d i a a n s a r a n a F i s i k d l l , clan t e l a t l m c r n p e r l i h e t

k g n h a q i l y a n q c u k u p I l ~ i k . T ~ t a p i y a n q d i k z h : : n d a k i a \

d q l 3 h : ! i l , ? 7 i l k a n n y a s u r n b e r d a y 3 m a n u s i a y q n g l e b i h

b e r m u t c l l a q i , 1 ~ h i h rnerat,a c j i k a l a n g a n 1d;lrq:3 cIF?!;;~, d a n

l e b i h b r ! r k e l a n j u t ; a n ( s u s t a i n a b l e ) , k a l n r ~ b i s a d c

n q n n up;ty;l y a n q minimal., , d a l a r n r a n g k a mFnyonq5onr : e r a

g l o b a l i r , a s i deblnsn i n i . I l n t u k i t u p e r l u ! . ~ ~ b e r a p a p r i n

s i p s t r : ~ t e g i s d a n t a k t i s s e h a g a i s a l a h s a t u n l t e r n a t i f

u n t u k d i i ~ e r t i r n b a n r ! l < a n d ; i n d i p e r l u a o s e r t a d i i . i ~ r h ~ 1 u ~ i

k e r n u d i a n .

1. F e n i n g k a t a n Sumber L)ayn I - i a n u s i a d i d e s s r n e n y a n g k u t

k e p e n t i n g a n j a n n k a p e n d e k d a n j a n y k a p a n . j a n q , d a l a m

a r t i k h a l a y a k s a s g r a n n y a r n e l i p u t i s e l u r u h w a r g a ma

s t j a r a k a t , m e n e r o b o s h a t a s - b 3 t a s p e n g k n t e g o r i a a s i a n

s o a i a l , m e l u a s , m e r a t a , d a n m e n i n g k a t .

2 . P e n d i d i k a n b u a k n s a t u - s a t u n y a p e n d e k a t a n p e n i n g k a t