Post on 09-May-2023
LEARNING OBJECTIVES;
• Describe the History of Tourism
• Describe the History of Hospitality
• Explain the origin, events and tourism and hospitality industry in the Philippines
• Identify important contributions of the pioneers of Tourism and Hospitality
EARLY TOURISM
• Tourism comes from the Hebrew word "torah," which meaning
"education, teaching, or law."
• Tourism is derived from the Old Saxon term "torn," which means "leave
with the aim of returning" in certain books.
• Travel (from the word "Travail") has evolved from something that only a
few people (the wealthy) could do to something that anybody can do.
EARLY TOURISM
• The two reasons why people
travel is
• for Business
• for Religious
• The Sumerians
• invented money and wheels.
EARLY TOURISM
• The Greeks' creation of the Olympic Games
in 776 B.C. led to the development of another
type of travel for entertainment.
• They built horse stables every 6 miles, and
these specific sites can be used to replace
fatigued horses or get new hose to travel faster
- Petrol stations.
EARLY TOURISM
• One of the most important pilgrimage
destinations in the 14th century was St.
Jame of Galicia, which is located in Spain.
• The word “Holiday” was derived from an
Old English phrase hāligdæg (holy day).
• For English pilgrims had to obtain and
carry permits - passports
MEDIEVAL PERIOD
• The decline of the travel
declined.
• Religious travels were the only
one who traveled during the
period.
RENAISSANCE
• Educational travel was offered as a
new type of travel.
• Young men's educational journey
became known as the "Grand Tour."
• The practice had become
institutionalized for the top class of
society by the 18th century.
RENAISSANCE• Another purpose of regular
travel : health and culture. People who are sick look for cures, while others seek out culture.
• Spas or medical baths. • Sanitas Per Aquas – “health
through waters”
• The term spa comes from the Spanish word espa -"fountain."
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• Travel grew in popularity. • Technological advancements and
• Societal changes
• Enjoyment (Leisure Travel)
• People's increased productivity and urbanization provided them with the chance and financial means to take a vacation (“Staycation”)
MODERN TOURISM (19TH Century)
• The development of two technological developments:
• the building of a railway system
• the creation of steam power.
• Low-cost commercial aircraft
• The invention of steam power which led to the popularity of
day cruises and the development of resorts along the
coasts of major cities throughout the world.
MODERN TOURISM (19TH Century)
• Thomas Cook
• First travel organizers to plan a railway journey
between Leicester and Loughborough, England.
• In 1866, he organized an American Tour.
• "Cook's Circular Notes" - traveler's check.
• The Baedeker,
• Most popular guide book of the century,
• Main book for Europeans.
MODERN TOURISM (20TH Century)
• The growth of income, curiosity, and adventure attitudes
among people at the turn of the twentieth century, as well as
the development of more accessible, safe, and convenient
transportation, propelled the leisure travel sector forward.
• The development of motor cars – motorized public road
transport boosted popularity of seaside tours.
• Another is the interest in international travel.
• The Tourism and Hospitality industry remains to be one of
the major contributors to economic diversification and
source of foreign exchange.
Ancient period
• Sumerians:
• They are the earliest recorded hospitality industry.
• They also introduced money and writing
• Alcoholic beverages – the Beer which were
considered to be safest drink than their water.
• Taverns the very first hospitality business
Ancient period
• Early Traders• Establishment of caravanserai
along the Silk Road. • Caravanserais were classified as
"guest homes" or "roadside inns" that were built to accommodate visitors and traders for the night.
Empires: 3200 BC to 476 AD
• Egyptian Empire:
• Egyptian hospitality is well-known - large feastheld in honor of their distinguished visitors and dignitaries.
• Egyptians were the first to start the tourism and hospitality industry
• Famous pyramids
Empires: 3200 BC to 476 AD
• Greek Empire:
• The emergence of inns and taverns in ancient Greece.
• Inns and taverns were highly regarded and provided excellent meals to travelers.
• One of the many reasons they were regarded as one of the most hospitable empires of their time was because of this.
Empires: 3200 BC to 476 AD
• Roman Empire:
• Trade, interchange of products, battles, road networks, religious activities, sports, and tourist sites are all possible contributors to the growth of travel and tourism.
• Roman technologies such as Roman law, cement, concrete, and army, wild cuisine, animal fat candles, and roman numerals may have aided travel and tourism both directly and indirectly.
• Khans• which were a combination of stables, sleeping quarters, and
castles, were built. These were basic structures that provided protection not just from the elements, but also from foes and robbers.
Medieval Period (Dark Ages)
• Innkeeping practically vanished after the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD
• Christians had a responsibility to provide hospitality to tourists and pilgrims.
• “Xenodocheions” Greek word that means “inns or resting places”
• The Hospice of St. Bernard was the most famous of these monastery-shelters.
• The Roman roads became known as post roads were relay stations converted to “post
houses” or “posting houses” – which served as a lodging facility
• In Europe, rest houses for pilgrims were established by Charlemagne
Renaissance: 1350 AD to 1600 AD
• There was a decrease in the number
of available restaurants or dining
establishments throughout this time.
• In England, taverns, pubs, and inns
did not serve food or drink, and the
higher class disregarded these
establishments.
Early Modern Period: 1600AD to 1800AD
• The stagecoach was the most popular means of
transportation.
• In the 1600s, a rule requiring innkeepers to acquire
licenses.
• Innkeepers are obligated to accept all travelers under the
common law.
• The common law created two principles that are still
followed in our hospitality business law today:
• innkeepers must insure (insurance) their guests' property and
• ensure their safety.
Early Modern Period: 1600AD to 1800AD• A type of eating place for commoners was introduced at
England in the 16TH century which is called ordinary.
• Boulanger
• Restaurants, a French word that means "restoratives,"
were the name for these establishments.
• A dish composed of sheep's feet with a sauce was one of the
items on his menu.
• France - Café. Café is the French word for “coffee”.
• Café Procope
The Industrial Era: 1800s
• The Industrial Revolution
• It is a time marked by the
industrialization of society and
economies,
• the invention and mechanization of
various kinds of transportation,
including railways.
Modern Period• Nineteenth Century
• The evolution of the hotel business.
• Hotel began serving food and beverages to the
travelers.
• Sophisticated facilities that supplied superior rooms
and dining areas to the general public
• The creation of various hotel selling facilities such as
hotel bars, hotel pools, and hotel architectural
improvements.
• The term "restaurant" was then used to refer to a
hotel's dining room.
Modern Period• Twentieth Century
• The development of a hospitality culture among people, presented
a major financial opportunity.
• Many large hotel chains began operating in the mid-twentieth
century.
• Automobiles became immensely popular.
• The rise of motels, which are accommodation facilities erected
beside major highways
• In the year 1980, the United Nations World Tourism Organization
(UNWTO) announced the 27TH day of September as “World
Tourism Day”.
Modern Period• Twenty-First Century
• The integration of technological
advancements into the hospitality
industry
• Engineering advancements enabled
the construction of taller and more
technological hotels.
Origin of Tourism and Hospitality in the Philippines
Dates Milestone
1950 Philippine Tourist and Travel Association was established as a private initiative
to promote the Philippine as the major travel destination
1956 The Philippine Congress created the Board of Travel and Tourist Industry
1973 The Department of Trade and Tourism was divided into two departments that
led to the creation of the Department of Tourism as a new level of Cabinet by
President Ferdinand Marcos. Agencies such as Philippine Tourism Authority and
Philippine Convention Bureau were created under the Department of Tourism
and it was renamed as Ministry of Tourism
1986 The Department of Tourism was reorganized under President Corazon Aquino's
Executive Orders 120 and 120-A, and the Philippine Convention Bureau was
renamed the Philippine Convention Visitors Corporation.
1998 The Department of Tourism played a key role in the culmination of the centennial
celebrations of the Philippines' independence from Spain.
Origin of Tourism and Hospitality in the Philippines
2003 Under Secretary Richard Gordon, the Department of Tourism launched one of
its most successful tourism promotion projects, Visit Philippines 2003.
2009 The passage of Republic Act No. 9593, also known as the Tourism Act of 2009,
resulted in improvements in the country's tourism industry.
2010 Korean was considered as the biggest contributor to the number of tourists in
the Philippines
2012 Following the marketing campaign titled "It's more fun in the Philippines," there
was a significant increase in the growth of tourism in the Philippines.
2013 South Koreans visited the country in total number of 1.17 million. Americans,
Japanese, Chinese, Australians, and Taiwanese were next.
Pioneers in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry
Cesar Ritz (The Hotelier of Kings and King of Hoteliers)
Ellsworth Milton Statler (Hotel Man of the Half Century)
Pioneers in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry
Conrad Hilton (The Biggest Hotel Man in the World”
Thomas Cook (The Father of Modern Tourism)
Pioneers in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry
Howard Dearing Johnson (The Pioneer of Restaurant Franchising)
John Willard Marriott (Founder of Marriott Corporation)