Post on 06-Apr-2018
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 1/19
Prepared by :
Mohd Fauzi Bin Jantan 128391
Abdul Latif bin Md Yusop 195727
Muhammad Rahmat bin Zulkifle 195662 Azli bin Abd Gami 198226
Mohd Norhisyam Bin Mohmad 201068
THE APPLICATION OF QAWAID
FIQHIYYAH IN ISLAMIC BANKINGPRODUCT
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 2/19
Introduction
Qawaid fiqhiyyah has 5 legal maxim
All this maxim can be used in order to solve many problemin life.
Among of it, is the Muamalat section that is financialsector.
Under financial sector, the banking play biggest role infinancial system in Malaysia
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 3/19
Introduction
Currently, the conventional banking are the biggest playerin the banking sector.
This banking product cannot be used by the Muslim for listof reason.
Thus, using the Qawaid Fiqhiyyah maxim is important inorder to produce our own banking that is the Islamicbanking product.
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 4/19
First maxim
Al-umur bi maqasidiha
-Mean “whatever the action depend on the intention”
Support by the dalil١منلمعا تب
-Mean: Every action started with purpose
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 5/19
Application of al- umur bi maqasidiha
Musyarakah
Murabahah
Wadiah saving
Islamic investment
Ar-Rahnu
Qard al hassan
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 6/19
Application of al- umur bi maqasidiha
Musyarakah
is a contract that involve in the partnership business.
Example Islamic bank and entrepreneur join into business
contract with contribution of capital
Purpose to make sure the business is in line with Islam and the
profit made by the Islamic bank is halal
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 7/19
Application of al- umur bi maqasidiha
Murabaha buy and sell with profit margin
Example
Islamic bank buy a house to the buyer and sell withmark up price
Purpose
eliminate interest avoiding from asymmetric risk that may lead to the
profit becoming haram under the real property asset
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 8/19
Application of al- umur bi maqasidiha
Wadiah saving
put money in the bank and get low profit as hibah forgiving permission used the money
Example
1 to 2% rate of return for save money in the Islamic bank
Purpose
To get capital from the public in order to do the
businesS. Plus, it used the concept of trustee and trust where bank
are trustee and depositor are trust
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 9/19
Application of al- umur bi maqasidiha
Islamic investment
offer a low rate of return to the investor based onprevious performance
Example
special investment
Purpose to get capital
allow because based on previous performance
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 10/19
Application of al- umur bi maqasidiha
Ar-Rahnu
give money when public pledge the gold
Example public bring necklace to change with money and it
charge low cost to the public
Purpose to eliminate the interest
based on the concept of safe keeper charge
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 11/19
Application of al- umur bi maqasidiha
Qard al-hassan
financing without any interest
Example borrow RM 10 000 and pay back RM 10 000
Purpose
eliminate interest as token of appreciation if pay more than principal
amount
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 12/19
Second maxim
Dhararu Yuzaal - يزالاار
Mean is “Harm must be eliminated”
Support by the hadith : Laa dharara wala dhirar - رضوراض
Mean is “Harm should not be inf licted nor reciprocated”
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 13/19
Penalty (Ta’widh)
Mawsu'ah fiqhiyyah:Payment of monetary consideration is required on the injury occurred that caused by other parties.
Majma 'OIC Islamic Fiqh:Pay compensation or financial compensation is required forcausing harm to others, and ta'widh more specific thancompensated (dhaman) prescribed by Islamic texts such ascompensation and yard dhaman
Syart Jazaie
Penalty clauses that contain the consent of the parties to dosomething if it fails to perform its obligations. Syart Jazaie may include the imposition of compensation for delay in repayment
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 14/19
Condition of Ta’widh
The method used in fiqh should ta'widh by (Dhararu Yuzal).
The jurists outlined several conditions for applying ta'widhproperty as follows:
Adversity is happening is a form of property.
Property must be owned by persons who suffered harm.
Imposition of Ta'widh need to benefit.
The receivables are those who have the ability toguarantee.
Adversity happens is permanent.
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 15/19
Party To Determined Ta’widh
Sheikh Mustafa al-Zarqa’ :
Only judge can determined the ta’widh rate and the rateof loss incurred by debtor.
Dr. Sadiq Dharir
The agreement must be made by the debtor and creditorin order to determining the loss of ta’widh.
The rate also based on actual profit to be derived by thecreditor during the delayed period.
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 16/19
The Scholars View
Different scholars Opinions related permissibility Ta'widhimpose :
Can be applied to those who defaulted in payment of
debt based on the loss of benefits caused by the delay inpaying off a debt.
Requiring money penalty, but passed over to welfare.
Penalties should not be at all
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 17/19
Ta'widh Rate
Scholars View:The fine is considered ta’widh due to the late payment by the borrower. Therefore, the ta’widh rate is calculatedbased on the actual loss suffered by the lender.
• The rate only 1%
• Actual loss
•
Determine by central bank.
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 18/19
Difference of Riba Jahiliah and Ta'widh
Riba’ Jahiliyyah Ta’widh
The basis of agreement between twoparties (debtor and creditor) in theevent of delay there will be increased
A sentence imposed as a result of lossof benefits.
Usury has gone on before was acondition imposed for delays
To prevent cruelty that occurred onproperty owners for the delays thathave already occurred without theconsent of creditors.
Does not distinguish between debtors who able and who cannot afford to pay
Became clear that the debtor unable topay, then ta'widh cannot be imposed
Impose on total amount of paymentand actual loss suffered by creditor.
Imposed on the actual loss suffered by the creditor during the period of delay
in payment
8/2/2019 Qawaid Present Slide (Esok Punya)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/qawaid-present-slide-esok-punya 19/19
Conclusions
Qawaid fiqhiyyah have 5 legal maxim that can be appliedin Islamic banking product.
The uses of qawaid fiqh will solve the problem. Forexample, seeking the elimination harm as need to penalty by follow the condition.
In case of Ta’widh, present state of society that is gettingless value in manner and transparency is need to make surethat they settled the debt. Ta'widh imposed is intendedthat the debtor did not delay the debt payments.