The Usage of Code-switching throughIndonesian Movies Anually
Arranged By
Group 11
Tutor : Rika Wahyuni Tambunan (2123321065)
Member : Imamul Khaira (2123321037)
Margareta Res R.S. (2123321044)
Nurima Pasaribu (2123321060)
Rosmelai Simanulang (2123321069)
English and Literature Department
Faculty of Language and Arts
State University of Medan
Page | 1
2014
Preface
Thank to Allah, because the blessing we can
complete mini research of using a code-switching in
Indonesian movies. We also would like to thank to our
lecturer Dra, Meisuri M.A, who gives us intruction,
advise, and motivation so that we could finish this
paper. We have found some obstacles when we did the
preparation of this research but we could cover them by
did our lecturer’s advice ad found some theory related
to our research. We had been scripted the Indonesian
movie which have code-switching in there. After the
data collected we tried to analyze the data by grouping
the data to be the types of code-switching. We know
that in our paper have some mistakes and still have a
weakness, so we hope that the readers want to give
comments, and suggestion to correct this paper to be
better so that our argument is truly right. Finally, we
say thank you to all of people who have read this
paper. We hope that all the readers could get the
benefit from our paper.
Page | 2
Medan, April 2014
Author
Table of Content
Preface..............................................i
Table of Content
.....................................................
ii
Chapter I............................................:
Introduction.........................................1
A. Background of Mini Research...............1
B. Formulation of Problem....................2
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C. Objective of Mini Research................2
Chapter II...........................................:
Review of Related Literature.........................3
A. Code......................................3
B. Code Switching............................4
Chapter III..........................................:
Methodology
11
A. Source of Data
11
B. Technique of Data Collection
11
C. Technique of Data Analysis
21
Chapter IV...........................................:
Finding and Discussion
22
A. Finding
22
B. Discussion
22
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Chapter V............................................:
Conclusion
24
References...........................................
25
Chapter I
Introduction
A. Background of Mini Research
Language is a tool of communication from one person
to another. A language is what native speakers say, not
what someone thinks they ought to say (Clifford H.
Prator, 1980). Language has variation. This is caused
by the user of this language have different background
such as social class, child, adult, and teenager.
Variation of language always happen in social
environment and people cannot despite from it.
Sociolinguistic studies how the various languags
are differed among of groups in the social
environment. It is separated by certain social
variables. for instance: ethnicity, religion, status,
gender, level of education, age, etc.
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One of sociolinguistic topics is code-switching.
Language and society are studied in sociolinguistics.
Sociolinguistics also studied about code choice. Code
choice is divided into code-switching and code-mixing.
According to Victoria and Rodman (1998), code-switching
is a term in linguistics referring to use more than one
language or dialect in conversation.
Language and society can not be separated. People
always use code-switching in their daily life. It
becomes a phenomenon where a director attracts the
audience through the usage of code-switching in
Indonesian Movie which he creates.
The progress of code-switching’s usage in
Indonesian Movies increases every year. It can be seen
from many movies which use code-switching in the
scenario. The first popular language that uses code-
switching is English. After a few years, not only
English which is used as code-switching. There are some
languages, such as: Arabian language, Korean language
and French language, etc
B. Formulation of Problem
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The problems of this research are:
1. What language of code-switching is used in
Indonesian movies?
2. How many code-switching is used in Indonesian
movies?
3. How are the difficulties of code-switching in
Indonesian movies?
4. How are the progress or developments of usage code-
switching in Indonesian movies?
C. Objective of Mini Research
Based on the research’s questions above, the main
purposes of this research are to find out the
following:
1. To explain the language of code-switching is used in
Indonesian movies.
2. To know the number of code-switching is used in
Indonesian movies
3. To know the difficulties of code switch in
Indonesian movies.
4. To know the progress or developments of usage code-
switching in Indonesian movies.
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Chapter II
Review of Related Literature
A. Code
People use codes as symbols to explain or convey
their ideas in order to be more understandable by a
receiver while they make an exchange. Code is a
language or variety of a language.7 The term of code
refers to each kind of system used to communicate by
two or more speakers. Therefore, code as a neutral term
used to indicate or refer to the language or style used
by the speaker.
Kridalaksana said that “code” is:
1. A symbol as a system expression that is used to
describe a certain meaning. Human being’s language is a
kind of code.
2. A language system in a community.
3. A certain variation in a language.
Holmes (2008, pp. 35-46) has identified five major
reasons for code-switching as follow:
1. Participants, solidarity and status
Holmes (2008) states that people may use one
language for greetings (in indicating solidarity
between speaker and listener) and another language when
there is a change in social dimension such as the
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status relations between participants, or formality of
the setting. Similarly, one may switch to his or her
mother tongue to signal shared ethnicity with an
addressee.
2. Topic
It is asserted that bilinguals or multilinguals
often find it easier to discuss certain topics in a
particular language rather than another. Chinese
Malaysians often find certain kinds of referential
content more easily expressed in Mandarin rather than
in Malay. This is meticulously common when quoting
Chinese proverbs regardless for affective or
referential functions.
3. Switching for affective functions
Some people do code-switching to get an affective
message sent. This function normally occurs when one
needs to move from a formal style which distances the
speaker from the addressee to a more intimate and
friendly style, or vice versa.
4. Metaphorical switching
This kind of switching is done frequently in
sentential level. It occurs most probably due to the
incompetence of the speaker in both languages, or due
to social and symbolic associations between both codes.
It is asserted that by conversing using two or more
languages, the speakers will convey not only the
information, but also their affective meaning.
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5. Lexical borrowing
The linguist also states that this king of
switching is due to the lack of vocabulary in the
primary language. When speaking in a second language,
some speakers tend to bring in certain terms from their
first language because they cannot find the appropriate
term in their second language. They borrow the
vocabulary from their mother tongue instead to express
a concept or describe an object.
B. Code-Switching
Code-switching involves the alternative language
which is used by two languages or various linguistics
within the same utterances or during the same
conversations. In this case, the bilingual people are
speaking to each other The switching can consist of
changing languages: in that of monolinguals or shift of
style.
Code-switching or code-choice refers to the usage
of two languages in the same sentences or discourse.12
Code-switching is an inevitable consequence of
bilingualism.13 Anyone who speaks more than one
language chooses between them according to
circumstances. The first consideration is which
language will be comprehensible to the person
Page | 10
addressed; speakers choose a language which the other
person can understand.
1. Types of Code-Switching
Code-switching can be classified in accordance
with two different classifications named here
grammatical and contextual classification. The
grammatical classification is based on where in the
sentence or utterance the switching appears while the
contextual classification is based on the reasons why a
bilingual switches.
The grammatical classification results in three
types of codeswitching, namely tag-code-switching,
inter-sentential code-switching and intra-sentential
code-switching.18
a. Tag Code-Switching
A tag code-switching happens when a bilingual
inserts short expressions (tag) from different language
at the end of his/her utterances. Here is the example:
An Indonesian bilingual switches from another language
to Indonesian.
e.g.
- yea iam ok, ri makasih ea (Love in Perth)
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- That’s right, that’s right, betul’ betul (Kiamat
Sudah Dekat)
b. Inter-sentential Code-Switching
An inter-sentential code-switching happens when
there is a complete sentence in a foreign language
uttered between two sentences in a base language. Here
is the example. An Indonesian bilingual switches from
Indonesian to another language.
e.g.
Oh, c’mon man, c’mon. ayo kita bicara dulu. Ada
apa man ? (Kiamat Sudah Dekat)
Amin ya Allah, Amin كرا اذ� ل�ك� ش�� س�ت� (KCB) ا� Hey - hey, What’s up man? Ada apa, ada apa ini?
(Kiamat Sudah Dekat)
c. Intra-sentential Code-Switching
An intra-sentential code-switching is found when a
word, a phrase, or a clause of a foreign language is
found within the sentence in a base language. Here is
the example. Another language bilingual switches from
another language to Indonesian.
e.g.
Page | 12
Dhani..Dhani loe gak apapa kan? Dhani tahan donk,
dhani please sadar. Someone please help, someone
please help me (Love in Perth)
ini insya Allah sidang mumtaznya. Datang dong Zam
biar ana lebih pede (KCB)
selamat ya sob, ana yakin antum bisa jadi
entrepeneur yang hebat (KCB)
Unlike the grammatical classification, which is
based on the position of the different codes found in
the utterances, the contextual classification is based
on the reasons why people switch. The classification
divides into two types of code-switching, namely the
situational and metaphorical code-switching.
Situational Code-Switching
A situational code-switching appears when there is
a change in the situation that causes the
bilingual switches from one code to the other. The
changing situations involved could be the Setting,
the Participants, or the Norms of Interaction. The
following short dialogue describes an example of a
situation when an Indonesian bilingual switches
from Indonesian to another language because of the
Page | 13
presence of an English native-speaker friend
(participant).
e.g.
(KCB)
Azam : jangan banyak omong ya, kalau kalian
ngomong harus sama dengan aku
Ali : Ia cak
Police :! عب� ا س���������������ي� ا ل�ش���������������� ي� دون�� ن�� ا،لإ orang) وه�ت���������������� Indonesia,
kemari!)
ن% ي'� د� ت�رون% ال����� ر� ا ي��ش����� ت� لخ� ان�� ا؟ وال�كت����� د� siapa yang beli roti) ه�����dan kebab ini?)
Azam : ا ن5� (saya) ا�Police ن��ت� : (?kamu) ا�Azam: عم ا ن�� ن5� (ya saya) ا�
Metaphorical Code-Switching
A metaphorical code-switching happens when there
is a change in the perception, or the purpose, or the
topic of the conversation. In reference with the
factors, this type of code-switching involves the Ends,
the Act Sequences, or the Key, but not the situation.
Page | 14
Bilinguals that code-switch metaphorically perhaps try
to change the participants’ feeling towards the
situation. The following example illustrates how some
Indonesian students jokingly switch from another
language to Indonesian to affect a serious dialogue to
be a bit humorous.
e.g.
Made : We want to take it, to where ... Ya, itu tempat kita biasa mancing
(fishing), and we are drinking, singing, having fun, ok.
Ali : And, there we are surfing, swimming...terus, kita jadi pusing-pusing
(feeling dizzy) dah... ha ha ha...
Made : Are you joining, Jim?
Jim : Okay, then.
The table below presents the classifications on
code-switching (CS) based on two different points of
view described here.
Points of view Code-SwitchingPosition of the changing in the
utterance
Tag Code-SwitchingInter-Sentential Code-
SwitchingIntra-Sentential Code-
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Switching
Reasons for switching
Situational Code-
SwitchingMetaphorical Code-
Switching
Table 2.1
2. Functions of Code-Switching
Code-switch passages are clearly identifiable
either as direct or reported speech. It also serves to
direct message to one of the several possible
addressees (addressee specification).
Code-switching serves to mark an interjection; to
repeat a message either in literal or modified form;
quality construction as sentences and verb complements
or a predicate following copula message qualification.
Another category serves to relate such things as the
distinction between the talk about action and talk as
an action; the degree of speaker involvement in, or
distance from, a message; whether the statements
reflected to a personal opinion or knowledge, or
reffered to a specific instances, or whether it has the
authoritybof a generally known fact (personalization or
objectification). Meanwhile, the last category is
intended to facilitate the speaker when he faces
difficulty in finding the right word at the time of
speaking. Thus, the function of code-switching are:
Page | 16
1) Quotation
In many instances, the subject code switched to
quote themselves and others directly or simply to state
a slogan of a maxim. Subject quoted themselves or
others directly or indirectly to sound more credible to
the addresses. Seemingly, a quotation as a proof that
what they are saying were fact and that the addresses
had to believe them. This is exemplified in example
below:
The speaker wanted to reject Dhani’s invittation to have a dinner with him.
kayak pernah dengar, thank, but no thanks
The speaker asking about the condition of Lola
la, lola, loe kenapa? Are you ok?
From the examples given, it can be deducted that
the subject switched the codes to preserve the
originality of the message. They could have restricted
the quotation in Indonesian but they did not. Perhaps
they felt that the message, which was originally said
in another language, would not have the same impact on
the addresses if they have been translated into
Indonesian.
2) Addressee Specification
Page | 17
In the second set of examples the switch serves to
direct the message to a specific person. This type of
code-switching recognizes not only the interacting
members of the speech events but it also recognizes
that their language behaviour may be more than merely a
matter of individual preference or facility. But also a
matter of role relation.
Furqan : apa kabar?
Azam : Alhamdulillah sehat, gimana kabar thesis kamu?
Furqan : bulan ini insya Allah sidang mumtaznya. Datang
dong Zam biar ana lebih pede
Azam : insyaAllah
3) Repetition
Sometimes a message is repeated in the other code,
either literally or in somewhat modified form.
Repetition may serve to clarify what is said, amplify
or emphasize the message, or mark a joke.
Haji Romli : lo udah di khitan ?
Fandy : di khitan?
Haji romli : sunat, sunat.
Fandy : sunat ?
Haji romli : di potong
Fandy : di potong?
Haji romli : Astaghfirullah.
Page | 18
4) Message Qualification
Another large group of code-switching consist of
qualifying constructions such as clauses, sentences and
phrases (verb and noun complement). A considerable
amount of switching under this category is meant to
express the time concept. The subject generally
switched from Indonesian to English whenever they
specified the time. Below example is only among of the
many switches that can be found in the whole corpus.
Pak haji : Gak, gak ada pacaran, haram!. Langsung nikah!
Fandi : (nampak kegirangan), oh, I like it. Boleh-boleh, ok!
Pak haji : pacaran nanti kalo udah kawin, aman gak ada
fitnah.
Fandi : Oh, that’s right, pak haji. Betul-bentul.
Page | 19
Chapter III
Methodology
A. Source of Data
The object of this research take from 5 Indonesian
Movies, that is Kiamat Sudah Dekat (2003), Ketika Cinta
Bertasbih 1 (2009), Love in Perth (2010), Hello Goodbye
(2012)
B. Technique of Data Collection.
In order to find data of code-switching in the 5
Indonesian movies, the writer write the code-
switching’s script of the 5 Indonesian Movies.
1. Kiamat Sudah Dekat (2003)
1st
Code
Switch
Haji Romli : Allah, Subhanallah.
Fandy : Sorry man, Sorry, sorry
2nd
Code
Switch
Haji Romli : Anak muda, seminggu lagi datang
ke musholla setelah ba’da
ashar.
Fandy : Jam berapa pak?
Haji Romli : Ba’da ashar.
Fandy : Ba’da Ashar, iya, iya. Oke
Fine.
Permisi pak.3rd
Code
Haji Romli : Ingat waktu lu cuma seminggu,
lewat seminggu jangan harap lo
Page | 20
Switch berpapasan dengan gue.
Assalamualaikum.
Haji Sani : Waalaikumsalam, pak haji, pak
haji.4th
Code
Switch
Semprol : Hey, pulang man.
Fandy : Hey - hey, What’s up man?
Ada apa, ada apa ini?
Semprol : Tanya aja tuh orang.
Fandy : Oh, c’mon man, c’mon. ayo kita
bicara dulu. Ada apa man ?Pak haji : Jadi bener elo pengin kawin
ama anak gue?
Fandi : ya, biasanya sih penjajakan
dulu pak haji, pacaran!,
pacaran!.
Pak haji : Gak, gak ada pacaran, haram!.
Langsung nikah!
Fandi : (nampak kegirangan), oh, I like
it. Boleh-boleh ok!
Pak haji : pacaran nanti kalo udah kawin,
aman gak ada fitnah.
Fandi : Oh, that’s right, pak haji.
Betul-bentul.6th
Code
Switch
Haji Romli : lo udah di khitan ?
Fandy : di khitan?
Haji romli : sunat, sunat.
Fandy : sunat ?
Page | 21
Haji romli : di potong
Fandy : di potong?
Haji romli : Astaghfirullah.7th
Code
Switch
Fandy : okay man.
Semprol : sip man.
Fandy : okay, one two three go.8th
Code
Switch
Fandy : Pemerintah Amerika siapin gua,
pemerintah kita, disini ?
Dan itu artinya…
Temen fandy 1 : Kita akan hancur lebut
man, hancur lebur.
Fandy : That’s right, that’s right,
betul’ betulTable 3.1
Table 3.2
2. Ketika Cinta Bertasbih (2009)
1st Code
Switch
Furqan : apa kabar?
Azam : Alhamdulillah sehat
2nd Code
Switch
Furqan : bulan ini insyaAllah mumtaznya.
Datang dong Zambiar ana lebih
pede
Azam : insyaAllah
3rd Code Furqan : selamat ya sob, ana yakin antum
Page | 22
Switch bisa jadi yang terhebat
Azam & Furqan : Amin ya Rabb
4th Code
Switch
Azam : Assalamu’alaikum
Eliana : Ok pulang duluan sih?
5th Code
Switch
Azam : Assalamu’alaikum
Nasir and Wail :wa’alaikum salam
warahmatullahi wabarkatuh, dari
mana saja kang?
Wail : ا ن5� و م�ن% ا� ت���� ون5< ، ت�� لس���مي� ,saya dari Tonto) وان��nama saya Wail)
Wail : م�ن% لك� ض� ،ف�� د ق�� ي ق� ب� ن�� كل ي��ش� ح ,silahkan) مري�5semoga istirahatmu nyaman)
Azam : sebentar sir
Nasir : ي�� رن5 (permisi sebentar) اع�د�Wail : لك� ض� (silahkan) م�ن% ف��
6th Code
SwitchPolice ا ول�كن% : ن����5� د ا� ك����5 ا� ن% م�ت� ي'�ر� ا م�ن% ا� ق�ر ول�ب� ة� ق����� ب� tapi aku) ه ذق��
yakin laporan itu benar) دا ن�������������� ا�
اذه� دا ح���� طي� ،ح����� خ� ان% وي�� اع���ة� ك���� ار ن�� ض���� ال�خ� (tukang sayuritu sangat tajam, dan tidak
pernah salah)
Page | 23
Azam : jangan banyak omong ya, kalau
kalian ngomong harus sama dengan
aku
Ali : Ia cak
7th Code
Switch
Furqan : hallo
Sarah ف� : ب� ؟ ال�مض� ان% (?tuan Furqan) ال�ق�رق��Furqan ا : ا ، ح�ست� ي� ه�و ه�د� (?betul, ini siapa) ال�د�
8th Code
SwitchUstadzah : �ي� ن5 ه������������ا د ، ت�� ك� ق�������������� ام������������� ن�� ة� ا� ارك������������� م ، م�ت� ت� ن'� ول و ت������������� ت�راح ق�� الإق�������������
(selamat anakku, semoga umurmu
barokah, proposal diterima)
ا ت� ق� ي� ل�كم ال�لة وف�� ع�داذ ف� ط�روحة� ا ا�(semoga Allah membimbingmu dalam
menyusun tesis)
Ana : Amin ya Allah, Amin كرا ك� ش������� اذ� ل������ ت� س������ ا�
(terima kasih professor)
9th CodeSwitch Ana : مح س�������� ؟ ك�ن�ب� ، لي� ا ة� س�������ي� ي� دون�� ,permisi) الإن�� anda
orang Indonesia)
Azzam : ya benar, anda juga dari
Indonesia?
Table 3.2
Page | 24
3. Love in Pert (2012)
1st Code
Switch
Dhani : exuse me maam.. permisi
Pramugari : exuse me, any snack free guys,
for you sir.
2nd Code
Switch
Lola : seriusan? Loe sekolah disitu,
gue juga bakal sekolah disitu
loh
Dhani : what? Haa? Dan loe bakal
tinggal di?
Lola : gue bakal tinggal di apartemen
di city stay
Dhani : oh God
Lola : kenapa? Kita sama lagi ea?
Dhani : oh my God
3rd Code
Switch
Bule : may I help you?
Lola : no thank you, I just go
Tiwi : first, that’s my room,that’s
yours, second you not don’t to
touch my mine
Lola : tunggu..tunggu loe bukanya dari
Jakarta juga ea
Tiwi : so?
Lola : trus kenapa gak pakai bahasa
Indonesia saja sich
Tiwi : i am done, looking there. I
Page | 25
wanna talking to you
Lola : tunggu-tunggu boleh nanyak 1
lagi gak? Arah kiblat kemana
yeah?
Tiwi : what?
Lola : kiblat, barat, arah solat
Tiwi : he..he..he I don’t think have
kiblat here4th Code
Switch
Arif : yuk ikutin gue yea
Lola : ok,thank you
Arif : loe absolutely anak beasiswa
cute banget sich. Tenang aja
masih ada kok tempat2 yang cool
dan sesuai dengan kantung kita
Lola : ahh? Jagan bilang loe beasiswa
kids juga
Tiwi : what? It’s my room business
lola
Lola : ea tapi gue tadi lagi
Tiwi : what ever, shut up, and go
away, okay bye..bye I said
bye..bye can go now. Bye..bye
move5th Code
Switch
Lola : ngapain gue sirik, gue juga
pengen bagian dari kalian
Dhani : fine, siapa yang mau jadi
bagian dari kita? Udah balik ke
Page | 26
indo.
Tiwi : oh hai dhani, oh my god, I
feeling so good. I honest, my
party, common let’s go it
Dhani : gue balik aja
Tiwi : what? Dhani p lease com e on
Dhani : kepala gue pusing,so gue balik
aja
Tiwi : whatever
6th Code
Switch
Dhani : setelah kita berantem kemarin
Lola : sorry yea gue bukan dendaman
person
Dhani : I know, tapi kalau dari
Indonesia kebudayaan itu begitu
banyak dan gue gak tahu 1 pun,
gimana cara ngerjainya? Loe
sendiri bikinya tentang apa?7th Code
Switch Lola : hai tiwi house life, isn’t it
wonderful
Lola : dhani..dhani loe gak apapa kan?
Dhani tahan donk, dhani please
sadar. Someone please help,
someone please help me
Tiwi : what happen
Temen dhani : mobilnya nabrak sampai
Page | 27
hancur gitu
Tiwi : oh my God, dhani wake up please
8th Code
Switch
Dhani : la..la..la dengar dulu gue
minta maaf. La please gue mau
ngajak elo jalan sekali aja
Lola : kayak pernah dengar, thank, but
no thanks
Dhani : lola I want to go out with me?
Mau gue antar?
Lola : gak usah
9th Code
Switch
Tiwi : hypocrite
Lola : apa?
Tiwi : I am talking about you, get
lost Lola
Lola : kenapa tadi loe ngatain gue
muna
10th
Code
Switch
Arif : Lola ada?
Tiwi : pardon me?
Arif : udah lah lupain aja
Tiwi : because you are. Right? You are
talking don’t like him, but now
you like biggest fans.
Lola : loe yg bikin peraturan, urisin
masalah masing2. Jadi loe gak
punya hak ngurusin masalah gue.
Page | 28
Lagian kenapa kalau gue temanan
dengan dhani? Loe jealous? Pacar
loe bukanya banyak?
Tiwi : don’t are you with me?
Lola : and i am be happy tiwi
Tiwi : eh,not you think make you
happy, it is money right.
11th
Code
Switch
Sheren : who are you?
Lola : I am his friend
Arif : eh..eh sheren dia temen gue.
Indo juga
Sheren : seisi apartemen ini kamar gue
Arif : aduh..aduh udah. Sorry La, dia
kalau tidur memang kayak gitu.
Suka-suka pindah
12th
Code
Switch
Dhani : lola mana?
Tiwi : lola has move away
Dhani : kemana dia?
Tiwi : don’t know, and I don’t care
13th
Code
Switch
Arif : la, lola, loe kenapa? Are you
ok?
Lola : yea I am ok, ri makasih ea
Table 3.3
Page | 29
4. Hello Goodbye (2013)
1st Code
Switch
Penjual gelang : (silahkan) hasigi
balabnida
Pegawai KBRI : how much
Penjual gelang : (apa?) mueos
Pegawai KBRI : tanyain dong
Indah : ini berapa?? (I bangbeob)
Penjual gelang : (lima ribu) ocheon
Pegawai KBRI : one? Rupiahnya?
Indah : empat puluh ribu
Pegawai KBRI : gak jadi deh..
Indah : (terima kasih) gamsahabnida
Penjual gelang : (iyaa) ye
2nd Code
Switch
Pegawai KBRI (man) : (permisi... saya dari
kedutaan besar Indonesia)
sillyehabnida, naneun
Indonesia daesagwan eseo
Orang pelabuhan: (kedutaan besar Indonesia?)
wass-eoyo I ndonesia-eo
daesagwan?
Pegawai KBRI (man) : (iyaa.. ) geu
Orang pelabuhan: (mari ke kantor, ada
doktamen yang harus di
tandatangani. Ada yang bisa ikut ke
rumah sakit?) samusil e
seomyeong haeyahaneun munseo
Page | 30
gaiss-eul su issseubnida.
Amugeosdo byeong-won e eobs-
eossda ?
Pegawai KBRI (man) : ndah, kamu ikut
ambulance nanti saya nyusul.
Indah : hah??
Pegawai KBRI (man) : udah kamu sana
cepat..
Indah : (tunggu...kedutaan besar
Indonesia.) gidalibnida.
I ndonesia-eo daesagwan .
Orang rumah sakit: (permisi...anda
keluarganya?? Tolong isi formulir ini
dulu. Terimakasih) naega .. deo
gajog eul byeonmyeong ?
meonjeo I yangsig-eul
jagseonghaseyo .
gamsahabnida
Abi : siapa tadi nama kamu?
Indah : kamu bule atau indon..
Suster : (permisi.. kami mau pergi dulu yaa..
cek sebentar ya pak).. sillye ..
ulineun jigeum jeeo hal .
gandanhi ye seonsaengnim eul
hwag-inhabnida.
3rd Code Abi : makanannya gak enak, nanti
Page | 31
Switch saya makin muntah lagi..
Indah : udah makan enak aja kamu di
kapal..
Abi : suruh mereka pergi dari
sini..
Suster : (dia bilang apa?) geuneun dne
mal?
Indah : (saya juga tidak mengerti.) ttohan
ihaehaji anhneunda
Dokter : pasien dari Indonesia sangat
menyulitkan. Abi itu orang Indonesia
karena dia tidak betah disini, dia tidak
mau minum obat, jarang makan dan
sering muntah karena sesuatu ada
yang mempengaruhi lambungnya.
I ndonesia-eseo hwanjaneun
maeu eolyeobseubnida.
Geunyeoneun yeogie jib-eseo
neukkil su eobsgi ttaemun-
e , geuga yag-eul bog-yong
haji anhgo, jaju gutoga
deumulge issgi ttaemun-e
wijang e yeonghyang-eul
michineun seuteuleseuleul
meog-eul ABI neun
seuteuleseuleul haessda
Indah : (jadi bagaimana dokter? Apa yang
Page | 32
harus saya lakukan?)
geuleohdamyeon eotteohge
uisa ? naneun mueos-eulhaeya
haneunga ?
Dokter : (dia harus membantu dirinya sendiri
minta dia berhenti marah pada
keadaan).geuneun jasin-I
sangtae eseo hwaleul jungji
dallago doum-I iss-
eoyahabnida
Dokter : abi belum normal
sepenuhnya, tapi perawatan
bisa dilanjutkan di
Indonesia dengan surat
rekomendasi dari saya.
4th Code
Switch
Rustaf : (hallo, selamat pagi..) annyeong .
joh-eun achim.
Abi : pagi.
Rustaf : abi kan?? Saya rustaf dari
KBRI. Indah sakit dia flu
berat.
(Maaf suster, kursi roda buat siapa?)
joesong jamae , hwilcheeo
nuguleul wihae ?
Suster : (kalau saya tidak salah mengerti,
Page | 33
dia yang minta untuk jalan-jalan
sesudah makan.) naneun sigsa hu
geolileul yogu haneun
geuleul ohaehaji masibsio.
Rustaf : (tunggu sebentar yaa) bun YAA
leul gidalibnida. Abi mau
jalan-jalan ditemani suster
atau..
Abi : habis ini saya mau tidur.
Rustaf : (tidak jadi, maaf.). geuli ,
joesonghabnida
Suster : (baiklah.) OK
5th Code
Switch
Indah : selamat pagi..
Abi : udah sembuh.
Indah : udah. Cuma flu biasa kok.
6th Code
Switch
Indah : saya sudah harus pergi,
jalanan udah mulai penuh.
Abi : boleh saya minta kau
merebah disini? Sebentar..
Suster : (waktunya minum obat.). yag-eul
bog-yong haneun sigan
Indah : saya pamit.
Table 3.4
C. Technique of Data Analysis.
Page | 34
There are some steps of analyzing code switch in
Indonesian movies. The first analyze the language which
use as code switch. The second is count the number of
code switch. The third is analyzing the difficulties of
code switch.
Kiamat
Sudah Dekat
Love in
Perth
Ketika
Cinta
Bertasbih
1
Hello
Goodbye
Langua
geNumber
of
Code
Switch
ingThe
diffic
ulty
of the
langua
geTable 3.5
Page | 35
Chapter IV
Finding and Discussion
A. Finding
Kiamat Sudah
Dekat (2003)
Ketika
Cinta
Bertasbih 1
(2009)
Love in
Perth
(2012)
Hello
Goodbye
(2013)
Languag
e
Indonesia –
English
Indonesia –
Arabic
Arabic -
English
Arabic –
Indonesia
Indonesia –
Arabic
English -
Arabic
English
–
Indonesi
a
Indonesi
a -
English
Indonesi
a –
Korea
Korea –
Indonesi
a
English
- KoreaNumber
of Code
Switchi
ng
8 Acts 9 Acts 13 Acts 6 Acts
The
difficu
lty of
the
languag
e
Understandabl
e
Quite
Understanda
ble
Quite
Understa
ndable
Hard to
Understa
nd
Page | 36
Table 4.1
B. Discussion
Based on data which find in the script,
formulation of problem and table 4.1, there are 3 point
that will discuss.
1. Language of Code Switching.
Language which is used in Indonesian Movies
has developed. In film Kiamat Sudah Dekat (2003),
there are 3 languages are used in that movie and
the three languages are always applied in the
daily activitiy. However, the next 10 years, the
usage of another language is applied in Hello
Goodbye (2013) which uses Korean language which is
used seldom by Korean in the daily life. Then,
after knowing about this movie, actually a reason
why the director creates this movie by using
korean language because Indonesian has been
influenced the culture of Korea itself which is
called as the Korea fever.
2. The Number of Code-switching
The number of code-switching which is used in
Indonesian Movies depend on the type of the movie
itself and where the movie takes place. In Kiamat
Sudah Dekat (2003), there are 8 acts that uses
code-switching in the scenario. It occurs because
Page | 37
the setting of this movie in Indonesia and the
code-switching (arabian langauge) is used because
the kind of the movie is religious movie and it is
also the compliment to complete the characteristic
of Fandy who was born in America and the title of
“Haji Romli” as a good person.
In Ketika Cinta Bertasbih 1 (2009), the
settings of movie takes place in Egypt and Arab
which uses Arabian language. Because of that,
code-switching is used as the profile of the
characteristic.
Similar to Kiamat Sudah Dekat (2003), Love
in Perth (2012) also takes place in Indonesia, but
the setting is dominant in Perth, Australia. The
code switch also uses to explain the profile of
character.
The last is Hello Goodbye (2013) which takes
place in Korea. code-switching is used to interact
with people there.
3. The Difficulty of Language
The difficulties of language which happen in
using the code-switching become hard to
understand. It is caused by another languages
which are not familiar in Indonesian such as
Korean Language. Moreover, the languages are still
foreign languages for them and they never apply
Page | 38
those languages directly in the daily activity.
But, the code-switching itself makes the
Indonesian Movies get their profits in adolecents.
So, it gives the impact for these both of sides.
Page | 39
Chapter V
Conlusion
Based on the discussion in the previous chapters,
it can be concluded that:
1. The usage of Code-switching in Indonesian movies
based on the development of Indonesian culture.
2. The theme of Indonesian Movie doesn’t interrupt the
number of code-switching’s usage.
3. In the last 11 years, the using of code-switching in
Indonesian movies become familiar because of the
usage of various languages, such as: English, Arabian
language, French language, and Korean language.
Page | 40
Refferences
Code Switching (http://wikipedia.com/, Access at 15
April 2014).
Code Switching and Code Mixing (http://beddebah-
haterulez.blogspot.com/, access at 19 April 2014).
Code Switching in Movie (http://www.l2china.com/,
access at 14 April 2014).
Hello Goodbye Movie, (http://www.youtube.com/,
downloaded at 16 April 2014).
K. Uswatun, S.Yuliyanto, and S. Benhy Prehartiny, April
2013, “CODE SWITCHING USED BY THE HOSTS “GAUL BARENG
BULE” ON TRANS TV”. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI
Sidoarjo. Vol. 1, No. 1, 17 April 2014.
Ketika Cinta Bertasbih 1 Movie,
(http://files.indowebster.com/, downloaded at 16 April
2014).
Kiamat Sudah Dekat Movie, (http://www.youtube.com/,
downloaded at 16 April 2014).
Page | 41
Ling Lee Yi, Jin Ng Yu, Tong Chong Seng, and Tarmizi
Mohd Ariff Ahmad, 2012, “Code Switching in Sepet:
Unveiling Malaysians’ communicative styles”. British
Journal of Arts and Social Sciences. Vol.6 No.2,
http://www.bjournal.co.uk/BJASS.asp, 20 April 2014.
Love in Perth Movie, (http://files.indowebster.com/,
downloaded at 16 April 2014).
Nilep, Chap. “Code Switching in Sociocultural
Linguistic”. Journal of University Colorado. 17 April 2014
Riyono Ahdi, Alih Kode dan Fungsinya Dalam Film
Indonesia, (http://penakampus.blogspot.com/, Access at
16 April 2014).
Script of Hello Goodbye Movie, Written at 20 April
2014.
Script of Ketika Cinta Bertasbih 1 Movie, Written at 20
April 2014.
Script of Kiamat sudah Dekat Movie, Written at 24 April
2014.
Script of Love in Perth Movie, Written at 20 April
2014.
Page | 42
Shastri, Raghuvir Singh (1995), An Introduction Textbook of
Linguistics and Phonetics. Student Store. Si, Aung, 2010, “A diachronic investigation of Hindi–
English code-switching, using Bollywood film scripts”.
International Journal of Bilingualism, Vol. 15 No. 4.
sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav, 20 april 2014.
Page | 43
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