© Federal Statistical Office, Wiesbaden 2019 Duplication and dissemination, including of excerpts, is permitted provided the source is quoted.
Methodical Guide
Index of Producer Prices of Industrial Products
(Domestic Market)
Publication interval: irregular English version published in August 2019 Specialist information on this publication can be obtained directly from the Federal Statistical Office: Group D302, Tel.: +49 (0) 611 / 75 24 44; Fax: +49 (0) 611 / 72 40 00 or e-mail: [email protected]
Methodical Guide on the Index of Producer Prices of Industrial Products (Domestic Market)
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Table of contents
List of abbreviations List of figures List of tables 1. Introduction
A. Preliminary remarks
B. Legal basis
C. Definitions
D. Brief description of the development of producer price statistics
E. Structure of the methodical guide
2. Background, purpose and use
A. The system of price statistics in the Federal Republic of Germany
B. What do indices tell us?
C. What are they used for?
3. Scope and classifications
A. Universal set
B. Prices
C. Geographic coverage
D. Statistical observation units
E. Classification systems E.1 General E.2 Classification of economic activities E.3 Classifications of goods E.4 Particularities
4. Weighting
A. Introduction
B. Data sources B.1 Sales statistics
B 1.1.1 Sections B and C of WZ B 1.1.2 Sections D and E of WZ
B.2 Production statistics B.3 Other sources
C. Calculation method C.1 Approximate weights up to WZ-4 C.2 Sub-division to GP-9 level C.3 Particularities
D. Updating and comparability D.1 Updating D.2 Comparability
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5. Samples
A. Introduction
B. Data sources
C. Selection of the basket of goods C.1 Selection of the 9-digit GP codes C.2 Consequences for the weighting scheme
D. Selection of the undertakings
E. Selection of the price representatives
F. Dealing with changes
6. Data collection
A. Introduction
B. Periodicity and time B.1 Frequency B.2 Time of the data collection
C. Product specifications C.1 General C.2 Goods description C.3 Sales conditions C.4 Particularities
D. Organisation of the data collection D.1 Design D.2 Procedure
D.2.1 Initial collection in a reporting unit D.2.2 Ongoing price collection
D.3 Alternative methods
E. Data verification E.1 Have all reports been filed and are they complete? E.2 Plausibility
E.2.1 Individual datasets E.2.2 Datasets in context
E.3 Procedure with implausibilities
F. Particularities F.1 Missing data
F.1.1 Temporarily-missing data F.1.2 Permanently-missing data
F.2 Treatment of seasonal products
7. Quality changes
A. Introduction
B. Adjustment methods with quality changes B.1 Overview B.2 Direct price comparison B.3 Chaining B.4 Change in quantity B.5 Overlap pricing B.6 Matched model B.7 Option prices B.8 Expert assessment B.9 Hedonics
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C. When does which method make sense?
8. Product replacement and inclusion of new goods
A. Introduction
B. Evolutionary and revolutionary products B.1 Evolutionary products
B.1.1 Definition B.1.2 Possibilities for inclusion
B.2 Revolutionary products B.2.1 Definition B.2.2 Possibilities for inclusion
C. Adjustments of the product sample C.1 General C.2 Basket item does not exist C.3 Basket item exists
9. Index calculation
A. Introduction
B. Elementary indices B.1 Overview B.2 Calculation method in Germany B.3 Particularities
C. Calculation of higher aggregated indices C.1 Overview C.2 Calculation method in Germany C.3 Particularities
D. Rebasings D.1 General D.2 Method followed in Germany D.3 Formation of long series D.4 Problems
10. Special problems of individual products
A. Overview
B. Mineral oil products
C. Machinery
D. Data processing appliances and electronic components
E. Ships and aircraft
F. Repair and installation of machinery and equipment
G. Electricity
H. Natural gas
11. Sources of error
A. Introduction
B. Weighting scheme
C. Samples
C.1 Basket of goods
C.2 Reporting units
C.3 Price representatives
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D. Data survey
E. Quality changes
F. Product replacement and new goods
G. Index calculation
G.1 Elementary index
G.2 Aggregation
12. Organisation and quality assurance
A. Introduction
B. Rebasing
C. Index calculation
13. Dissemination
A. Introduction
B. Publication of current results B.1 Press releases B.2 Fachserie 17, Reihe 2 B.3 Long time series B.4 Genesis-Online
C. Publication in cross-sectional publications C.1 Energy C.2 Statistical yearbook ("Statistisches Jahrbuch") and "Wirtschaft und Statistik" C.3 Eurostat
D. Publication of meta information D.1 Classifications and brief description D.2 Quality report
E. Contact with users E.1 Information service E.2 Consideration of the wishes of major users
Glossary Index List of Annexes
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List of abbreviations n.e.c. not named elsewhere
BGW Bundesverband der Deutschen Gas- und Wasserwirtschaft e. V. (German National Gas and Water Industry Association)
BStatG Act on Statistics for Federal Purposes (Federal Statistics Act –Bundesstatistikgesetz)
CPA Classification of Products by Activity
CPC Central Product Classification
EEX European Energy Exchange, headquartered in Leipzig
EU European Union
Eurostat Statistical Office of the European Communities
ECB European Central Bank
GP Product Classification for Production Statistics (Güterverzeichnis für Produktionsstatistiken)
IDEV Internet Datenerhebung im Verbund (Combined Internet Data Collection)
ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities
IMF International Monetary Fund
MWh Megawatt hour
NACE Nomenclature statistique des Activités économiques dans la Communauté Européenne
OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development,
PreisStatG Act on Price Statistics (Gesetz über die Preisstatistik – Preisstatistikgesetz)
PRODCOM List of Products of the European Community
UN United Nations
VDEW Verband der Elektrizitätswirtschaft e.V. (Electricity Industry Association)
VDMA Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e.V. (German Machinery and Equipment Production Association)
WZ Classification of Economic Activities (Klassifikation der Wirtschaftszweige)
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List of figures Chapter 2 - Background, purpose and use
Figure 2.1 Overview of the German system of price statistics
Chapter 3 - Scope and classifications
Figure 3.1 Hierarchical organisational structure of an undertaking Figure 3.2 Overview of the classifications of economic activities Figure 3.3 Overview of the classifications of goods Figure 3.4 Example of classification according to the Product Classification for production
statistics (GP 2009, version 2012)
Chapter 4 - Weighting
Figure 4.1 Base years since 1950
Chapter 5 - Samples
Figure 5.1 Universal set of producer price statistics Figure 5.2 Selection steps in taking the sample Figure 5.3 Example of a completed price survey sheet
Chapter 6 - Data collection
Figure 6.1 Start template of the online questionnaire Figure 6.2 Template for the price report in the online collection Figure 6.3 Treatment of seasonal products
Chapter 8 - Product replacement and inclusion of new goods
Figure 8.1 Overview of the possibilities in the event of product replacement and inclusion of new goods
Figure 8.2 Method with new products – Basket item does not exist Figure 8.3 Method with new products – Basket item exists
Chapter 9 - Index calculation
Figure 9.1 Index calculation method Figure 9.2 Rebasing flow chart Figure 9.3 Schedule of rebasing
Chapter 10 - Special problems of individual products
Figure 10.1 Sales levels with electricity in Germany Figure 10.2 Sales levels with natural gas in Germany Figure 10.3 Price development of natural gas (distribution) and light fuel oil
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Chapter 12 - Organisation and quality assurance
Figure 12.1 Approximate rebasing process Figure 12.2 Overview of the working steps in rebasing Figure 12.3 Approximate index calculation process
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List of tables Chapter 3 - Scope and classifications
Table 3.1: Various types of statistical units Table 3.2: Structure of the classification of economic activities (WZ 2008) Table 3.3: Overview of the GP codes of the producer price index of industrial products
(domestic sales) Table 3.4: Examples from the juxtaposition of the classification of economic activities vs.
the classification of goods
Chapter 4 - Weighting
Table 4.1: Overview of secondary sources in the calculation of the weighting scheme Table 4.2: Example of distribution of weights by economic activities Table 4.3: Calculation of the consumption tax and of the corrected production value (in
each case in Euro 1,000) for cigarettes (in 2015) Table 4.4: Distribution of the fine weights of the 4-digit WZ codes among the goods types Table 4.5: Weights in the economic activities D (Energy supply) and E (Water supply) Table 4.6: Share of main and auxiliary production of 2 digits WZ Table 4.7: Weighting scheme, base year 2015 = 100
Chapter 5 - Samples
Table 5.1: Example of a product sample Table 5.2: Proportional assignment of the weights to the basket items of the 4-digit code
(example) Table 5.3: Excerpt from the weighting scheme 2015
Chapter 6 - Data collection
Table 6.1: Sales conditions in the product specification Table 6.2: Identifiers for reasons for price changes Table 6.3: Excerpt from the plausibility rules for datasets in context
Chapter 7 - Quality changes
Table 7.1: Price series with quality change Table 7.2: Direct price comparison Table 7.3: Chaining Table 7.4: Change in quantity Table 7.5: Overlap pricing Table 7.6: Matched model Table 7.7: Option prices Table 7.8: Expert assessment Table 7.9: Hedonics Table 7.10: Comparison of the quality correction methods
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Chapter 9 - Index calculation
Table 9.2: Comparison of the change rates July 2018 vs. January 2015 on base 2015 and on base 2010
Chapter 10 - Special problems of individual products
Table 10.1 Basket items for mineral oil products (GP 192) Table 10.2 Overview of the price indices calculated by hedonic methods Table 10.3 Goods classes of the basket of goods from goods division 30 - Other vehicles,
base 2015 = 100 Table 10.4 Items of the basket of goods of section 33 – repair and installation services of
machinery and equipment, base 2015 = 100 Table 10.5 Basket items for electricity, base 2015 = 100 Table 10.6 Basket items for natural gas (distribution), base 2015 = 100
Chapter 11 - Sources of error
Table 11.1 Weighting scheme 2010 and 2015, sub-division of the change into price-related and real shares
Chapter 12 - Organisation and quality assurance
Table 12.1: Working steps of rebasing
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1. Introduction A. Preliminary remarks 1 B. Legal basis 1 C. Definitions 2 D. Brief description of the development of producer price statistics 3 E. Structure of the methodical guide 4 A. Preliminary remarks
1.1 The methodological guide aims to describe all essential aspects of the calculation of the index of producer prices of industrial products (domestic sales) in Germany. This addresses users of the statistics both from the political arena and from the business community, as well as associations and the public as a whole, and enterprises which report the prices, without whose cooperation the job of calculating a producer price index cannot be done.
1.2 This text is to make it possible for all who are interested to understand the structure and the background of the producer price index and to make sensible use of the results. It is to be possible to assess the significance and relevance of the index in order to make possible all types of interpretation and further use for users.
1.3 The guide is structured in such a way that individual chapters can also be studied in greater depth independently of one another. Developments and improvements which have been made to the methods used in ascertaining the index of producer prices of industrial products (domestic sales) necessitate constant updates of individual sections and chapters. The guide is regarded as a dynamic piece of literature, changes in the environment and in the framework conditions requiring a high degree of flexibility. Some of the passages are consequently being constantly adjusted in line with current circumstances.
B. Legal basis
1.4 Price statistics in the Federal Republic of Germany are based on various national statutes and international regulations which are described below starting with the general legal basis for drafting federal statistics. Specific focus is then placed on the basis for price statistics up to the international regulations at EU level.
1.5 The Federal Statistics Act (Bundesstatistikgesetz – BStatG) of 22 January 1987 (Federal Law Gazette [BGBl.] Part I pp. 462 and 565), most recently amended by Article 20 of the act of 30 October 2017 (Federal Law Gazette Part I p. 3618) (see annex 1), regulates the basics of official statistics, as well as the tasks of the Statistical Offices. This includes general preconditions for the implementation of statistics, as well as rules for carrying out the surveys, and uniform definitions of terms within the statistics. It is fundamentally determined which preconditions must be met to implement the surveys and how these are to take place. In this regard, section 5 of the Federal Statistics Act explicitly states that federal statistics only may be implemented if they are ordered in a statute or a legal provision. A request by a supreme federal authority in accordance with section 7 of the Federal Statistics Act is sufficient for special purposes. It is also established what information is to be provided to respondents. In accordance with section 17 of the Federal Statistics Act, all respondents are to be informed of the framework conditions and the basis, as well as of collection characteristics and auxiliary characteristics. Section 11a determines that enterprises have to
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transmit data to the Federal Statistical Office by using online procedures as far as online procedures are provided by official statistics. Section 16 of the Federal Statistics Act deals with the precise requirements as to the confidentiality of the individual pieces of information. It is defined here in which cases individual pieces of information on personal and factual circumstances are to be kept confidential.
1.6 Fundamental requirements for price statistics at federal level are provided by the Act on Price Statistics (Gesetz über die Preisstatistik – PreisStatG) of 9 August 1958 (Federal Law Gazette Part III item No. 720-9), most recently amended by Article 71 of the Act of 8 July 2016 (Federal Law Gazette Part I p. 1594) (see annex 2). Section 3 of this Act provides with regard to the index of producer prices of industrial goods (domestic sales) that industrial enterprises are obliged to provide information. The Act also prescribes a maximum number of enterprises that are under such an obligation. Prices for agriculture and forestry, as well as industrial goods at the stage of production or extraction, treatment and processing, wholesale trade, retail trade and foreign trade may be collected from a maximum of 34,000 enterprises, which are obliged to provide information. Section 8 of the Act on Price Statistics stipulates that a monthly survey of the prices is carried out.
1.7 At international level, Council Regulation (EC) No 1165/98 of 19 May 1998 concerning short-term statistics (OJ EC L 162 p. 1), most recently amended by Regulation (EC) No 461/2012 of the European Commission of 31 May 2012 (OJ EU L 142 p. 26)1 stipulates amongst other things requirements as to producer price statistics for the purpose of creating a standard framework for drawing up Community statistics on economic trends (see annex 3). The EU’s short-term statistics regulation, as well as the accompanying supplementary regulations, first and foremost prescribes definitions and delimitations on systems to be used, the level of detail of the results to be delivered to Eurostat, the deadlines and the form of the data transmission as well as the time limit to realise index revisions.
1.8 The current versions of the legal basis can be found in the annex.
C. Definitions
1.9 The index of producer prices of industrial products (domestic sales) measures the price changes of industrial products produced and sold at home by domestic enterprises of mining and quarrying, of manufacturing and energy and water supply. The terms producer price index or index of producer prices are treated as synonyms in this guide.
1.10 An index expresses the change as against a base period, this being assigned the standard value of 100. All index manifestations hence illustrate for the portrayed element the percentage change as against the base period. They are compiled to form a total index in the German producer price statistics according to the method of Laspeyre. This means that the prices for the observed goods are weighted with volume weights of a fixed base year.
1.11 The producer price index looks at the price development for various sales events of specific goods types. To this end, classifications are used to classify goods and economic activities using which it is possible to clearly allocate and delimitate the spectrum of domestic production.
1.12 Prices are collected for the selected sales events which are set in relation to a base price. The price is defined as the market value of a unit of a good which the producer earns in domestic sales. The unit of a good is determined here not only by its physical characteristics, but
1 Below: EU short-term statistics regulation.
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also by the conditions at which it is sold. All charges and taxes on goods are included, apart from value-added tax. Here, goods are to be observed with qualities which are uniform over time so that the price differences that are reported are exclusively caused by changed prices and not by different qualities in the various periods.
D. Brief description of the development of producer price statistics
1.13 With the assistance of the producer price index, the average change in the price level of industrial products is portrayed in reference to a fixed base period.
1.14 The universal set of the producer price statistics theoretically consists of all sales events in Germany of industrial products sold by domestic enterprises of the economic activities mining and quarrying, manufacturing, as well as energy and water supply. When selecting the samples, representative products can be compiled to form a basket of goods in the first stage on the basis of evaluations of the quarterly production survey carried out in the production industries at the greatest level of detail (9-digit items of the Product Classification for Production Statistics (GP)). The individual items in the basket are identified by the 9-digit GP code.
1.15 In the second stage, also on the basis of the results of the quarterly production statistics, the enterprises are selected which are to be used for the monthly price report. One selection criterion is the value of the sales production for the respective item in the basket. The selected enterprises (reporting firms) are asked to report prices on a recurrent basis by sending the requisite survey documents.
1.16 In the third stage, the reporting firms determine representative sales events of the corresponding basket items for which prices are reported using established criteria. Here they must provide a precise description both of the goods and of the selected sales conditions. Goods descriptions and sales conditions together form the price-determining characteristics. The price representatives thus selected are coded with the aid of a unique processing number. This 11-digit processing number is composed of the 9-digit GP code and of a recurrent 2-digit item code. The processing number is the central classification characteristic during the survey and processing of producer price statistics.
1.17 Because of a certain degree of fluctuation in the samples, firms and price representatives which have permanently ceased to report are to be replaced. The procedures that have been described are used analogously here.
1.18 The weighting scheme is calculated in a top-down procedure parallel to the compilation of the basket. Here, each item in the basket is allocated a weight (weight share) with which the corresponding product group enters the index calculations. The weights represent the share that the corresponding basket item had among total domestic sales of the industries mining, manufacturing and energy (sections B, C, D and E of the Classification of Economic Activities) in the base year. An adjustment of the weights takes place at regular intervals, the current base year being 2015.
1.19 The monthly price survey among the reporting firms is carried out with the aid of a specially-prepared online questionnaire via the Internet. The survey reference date is the 15th of the month. A monthly check of completeness and a data plausibility check take place in the Federal Statistical Office.
1.20 Measurements are formed in a first step for each individual price representative in order to calculate the indices. These express the price change of the product in the observation period
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with regard to the base period. The summary of the measurements takes place in a two-stage procedure. Firstly, an elementary index is formed from the price series of a basket item by forming averages. To this end, the unweighted arithmetic mean of the individual measurements of the elementary aggregate (Carli index) is ascertained.
1.21 In the next step, to further calculate the index of the producer prices of industrial products (domestic sales), the elementary indices are summarised to form total indices. The Laspeyre method is used for this, in which the elementary indices of the individual basket items are summarised with fixed weights of the base period to form aggregated indices. By using the Laspeyres index, the pure price change from one period to the next is portrayed with constant volumes in all periods. Since the volume structures change over time because of new market situations, the weights and the samples have to be adjusted at regular intervals. For this reason, rebasings are carried out every five years; the basket and the weights are then adjusted to the current market conditions.
1.22 The Federal Statistical Office publishes the results of the producer price statistics in various media (printed (only up to the end of 2019) and electronic). In addition to a press release, standardised result tables are provided via the internet homepage of the Federal Statistical Office. Internet-based databases (Genesis-Online) may also be used. Over and above this, the Federal Statistical Office provides a standardised quality report on producer price statistics on the Internet which describes the most important methodical aspects of the statistics.
E. Structure of the methodical guide
1.23 The goal pursued by this methodical guide is to demonstrate all methodical aspects which are important to ascertain the index of producer prices of industrial products (domestic sales). Both the establishment of all calculation bases in rebasing, and also the working steps to be implemented on a monthly basis, are explained here. With the aid of this description, the background of the index calculation, as well as the upstream work, is presented in a comprehensible form, and hence the necessary information is delivered to all interested users of the statistics in order to simplify the use and interpretation of the results.
1.24 The structure of the methodical guide is in line with the “Producer Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice”2, published by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the focus in this guide being on the practical aspects. Its first chapters provide fundamental information on the background and use of the index, as well as delimitations regarding the area of application, the definitions and the classifications used. This is followed by a discussion of the essential basis for calculation – the weighting scheme and samples. Chapter 6 – Data collection – kicks off the description of the work to be implemented on a monthly basis in connection with ascertaining the index. The following chapters describe the approach followed in changes in the product quality and inclusion of new goods, whilst Chapter 9 deals with the index calculation. The particularities of individual products are a component of Chapter 10; Chapter 11 does on to discuss potential sources of error and ways to deal with these. Organisational preconditions and procedures in the Federal Statistical Office and measures for quality assurance are discussed in Chapter 12. The conclusion of the guide is formed by Chapter 13 – Dissemination, which discusses the various possibilities to gain access to the data.
2 “Producer Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice”, published by the International Monetary Fund, ISBN 1-58906-304-X.
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1.25 The text is followed by a glossary which provides brief definitions of the most important terms used and an index, as well as the Annex, which lists all important documents and background information.
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2. Background, purpose and use
A. The system of price statistics in the Federal Republic of Germany 1 B. What do indices tell us? 3 C. What are they used for? 4
A. The system of price statistics in the Federal Republic of Germany
2.1 The index of producer prices of industrial products (domestic sales) is an element of a complex system of price statistics which are calculated at regular intervals – mostly on a monthly basis – by the Federal Statistical Office and the Land Statistical Offices. These statistics make it possible to show price differences over time, for some price indices also by a regional comparison. Measuring price developments over time is the most important task of price statistics. Temporary price developments on different economic levels are shown in this context. When it comes to the regional price comparison, the price level in various towns, Federal Länder or states is compared in order to calculate differences in level which for instance are needed to adjust the remuneration abroad of civil servants and soldiers.
2.2 The statutory basis for the collection of statistical data on prices is formed by the Act on Price Statistics (Gesetz über die Preisstatistik – PreisStatG) of 9 August 1958 (Federal Law Gazette [BGBl.] Part III item No. 720-9), most recently amended by Article 71 of the Act of 8 July 2016 (Federal Law Gazette Part I p. 1594), see annex 2. This regulates amongst other things which price statistics are to be implemented at federal level.
2.3 Figure 2.1 provides a brief overview of the various indices which are calculated in Germany for the purposes of a price comparison over time.
2.4 The system of price statistics takes account here of the complete value chain of the production of goods, regardless of whether these are physical goods or services. The German system of price statistics portrays the price development on all major economic levels, from production through trade to consumption.
2.5 At the level of production, in addition to producer price indices of industrial products also price indices in agriculture and forestry, as well as producer price indices for services and construction price indices, are calculated. At the level of distribution, the system of price statistics contains indices of wholesale prices and retail prices, whilst the level of private consumption is portrayed by consumer price indices. Price tendencies in relations with foreign markets are portrayed by the import and export price indices. By these means, all areas of the economy are covered by price indices in the system of price statistics.
2.6 The delimitation between the individual sets of statistics emerges from the different levels of the economy in which the prices are surveyed and from the definition of the prices surveyed.
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Figure 2.1 Overview of the German system of price statistics
The German system of price statistics
Purchasing prices Sales prices
Co
nsu
mp
tio
n
Consumer price index Real property price index
Harmonised index of consumer
prices (HICP)
Fore
ign
tra
de
Index of import prices Index of export prices
Do
me
stic
tra
de
Price index for the hospitality
industry
Retail price index
Wholesale price index
Pro
du
ctio
n
Producer price index for
services
Index of producer prices of
industrial products
Index of construction costs Statistics of construction
prices
Index of purchase prices of farm
supplies
Producer price index of agricultural products
Producer price index of
logging products
Pro
du
ctio
n
fact
ors
Purchase values for building and
agricultural land
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2.7 Producer price indices are surveyed at the level of production, whilst indices are ascertained for various product groups; the delimitation takes place in line with the economic activity and goods classifications used1.
2.8 The producer price is defined here as the amount received by the producer from the purchaser. This is the current transaction price achieved on conclusion of contract. Value-added tax is not an element of the producer price since it is an excise tax which is a zero-sum game for producers. By contrast, consumption taxes and parafiscal charges do count towards the calculation of producer prices.
2.9 Price indices are used to depict the average change in the price level from one period to the next. The producer price index of industrial products depicts the price development of goods from the mining, manufacturing and energy industries produced and sold in Germany. The producer price statistics ordinarily do not contain any calculations of absolute prices. The indices rather show the percentage price change over time. One exception is mineral oil products, where in addition to price indices absolute prices are also published for selected goods.
B. What do indices tell us?
2.10 Price indices are among the most important indicators for observing long-term and short-term economic development in Germany. The index of producer prices of industrial products (domestic sales) provides monthly data at the stage of production on price developments of goods of the mining, manufacturing and the energy industries produced and sold domestically.
2.11 The major significance of the producer price index emerges from its authoritativeness for the further stages of the value added chain. Price developments which are initially observed in production influence the downstream economic stages in the next periods. Analyses of consequences on the development of the consumer price index as a central measure of inflation are particularly significant.
2.12 The producer price index is published not only as an overall index for all industrial products, but also in detail for individual groups of goods at different aggregation levels. In this way, special statements can be made for individual industries and the influence of individual groups of goods on changes in the overall index becomes clear.
2.13 Calculating price indices at different aggregation levels allows for analyses of the impact of price changes at producer level on the price development of the downstream stages in individual areas. All types of price change at the producer level have greater or lesser impacts in later periods on the price development in trade and consumption.
2.14 The index is calculated regularly every month; publications with final results are already available in the next month, so that the timeliness of the data is guaranteed. Since the producer price index gives the average changes in the price level from one period to the next, its authoritativeness depends on the composition and up-to-dateness of the basket. This represents the entire domestic production with the aid of the individual basket items. Adjustments of the basket in line with economic developments and changes in the production structure are hence carried out at regular intervals in order to ensure representativeness over a long period.
1 cf. on this Chapter 3 - Scope and classifications, section E.
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C. What are they used for?
2.15 There is a national and international demand for price indices from the political arena and from administrations, as well as from economic associations and other organisations, and from private individuals. The indices support the various users in political and economic decision-making, where in particular the consumer price index and the index of producer prices of industrial products (domestic sales) find a use in many areas.
2.16 Central significance attaches to the producer price index for the monetary and interest policy of the European Central Bank, the central task of which lies in ensuring the stability of the currency. This monetary stability is measured against the level of inflation, the most important indicator of which is the consumer price index. Price indices at upstream economic levels – also including the producer price index – show inflation tendencies at an early date, and are hence highly important benchmarks for the monetary policy of the Central Bank.
2.17 By portraying price developments at the economic stage of production, inflationary trends can already be recognised at the first levels of the value added chain. Price developments depicted in the producer price index hence support short-term economic analyses in the political arena and the business community. The producer price index serves here in particular as a short-term indicator in the observation of long-term and short-term economic development, and is a basis for the decision-making of a great deal of market players.
2.18 In addition to the public administration, there is also demand for the results of the producer price index from enterprises and associations. They use the results to make statements on future trends and developments, also within individual sectors, so that the indices are used to support market analyses.
2.19 Contracts frequently refer to the producer price index. Since it depicts the general price development at producer level, particularly in long-term contracts individual contractual elements are tied to the price development of the index as a whole or of specific goods aggregates which are depicted by the index. Such price escalation clauses in contracts refer to the producer price index, so that changes of the index directly impact elements of the contract tied to it. By these means, for instance, price indices for steel as a reference value are used for price adjustments in contracts in the construction industry; tariffs for the transportation of goods by HGV are frequently tied to the price development of important cost elements (HGVs, diesel fuel).
2.20 Germany has also undertaken towards international organisations, including the European Central Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), to collect the producer price index on a monthly basis and to transmit the corresponding data. To this end, all the required information is provided to Eurostat, the Statistical Office of the European Communities, which provides the members’ data to the other institutions. Some organisations require different results and publish information from the various States. International comparisons and observations of trends in the various states can thus be implemented. In order to make the individual country data comparable, international standards are used to ensure the uniformity of calculating the price indices within the European Union.
2.21 In addition to external users of the producer price index from home and abroad, it is also used for other statistics within the Federal Statistical Office. Internal users need the results for further calculations of their own statistics. For instance, producer price indices in the field of the national accounts serve to correct prices of values (deflating). The producer price index is used here to calculate values in constant prices. Also in calculating volume indices in industrial statistics, the
Methodical Guide on the Index of Producer Prices of Industrial Products (Domestic Market)
Chapter 2 – Background, purpose and use
Page 5 of 5 as per: August 2019
producer price indices are used for the price adjustment. The production, sales and new orders index is obtained from the industrial statistics with the support of the producer price index since the latter makes it possible to calculate price adjusted values.
2.22 The multifarious use of the results applies for high standards with regard to quality, reliability and methodological constancy in calculating the indices. The following chapters, especially chapter 12, describe the measures for ensuring quality on all stages of the calculation and of the derivation of the basis of the calculation.
Method
Chapc
3. Sco A. B. C. D. E. A.
3.1 specific this thesold by
3.2 universadepends
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3.3 busineseconomsupply; enterpriindustriafor Prodeffected
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3.5 basis ofthe seledelimitaprice se
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a detailed ses have toal products
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Despitetions effecte
The prof a multi-stagection first oation criteriaries for 1,34
Prices
The ascs monthly precific sales eses describ
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Page 1 of 11
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ducer price id products. Ta contract o events that
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019
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Page 2 of 11
e, the transe exact descof the price
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019
detail. Thehand and ofer 6 – Data
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Method
Chapc
3.13 date, whspecific it makes
3.14 reportinregard toif the flindex doevent. Insample group is
3.15 to repodescriptthe moncould ha
3.16 sectors traw matPowerne
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3.17 statisticproduceabroad own pric
3.18 (domestan econvalue of
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3.20 distributcompanreportinactivitie
dical Guide oPr
pter 3 – Scoclassificatio
The prihich is the 1 date makess price obse
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ld be notedwo consecureference daccurred preect the geno put into psed. By sumon average.
reporting uny average onditions of eport, it is aalised in the
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Page 3 of 11
deral Statiser report, foprice of a sp
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mestic markaying price droducts mangn trade actex.
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c domicile od. The geogg market cotions and fledomestic c
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er: August 2
realised on specified gohe reporting
occur betweprices are recalculation ion. Conseqent of this s sound datavelopment o
s, it is also (comparabthe selected
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x of industrient of the enighted arithserving as w
of a compangraphic locaonditions resexible actio
companies f
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019
a referenceood. Fixing ag parties, as
een the twoeported withof the indexquently, thesingle salesa, adequateof a product
permissibleble productd product ine price that
sed in somes for certainX; EPEX and
of the pricents of goodsand/or solddepicted by
ial productstire sales ofmetic mean
weights.
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for products
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e a s
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t e e n e
Method
Chapc
divisionhoweveinformat
3.21 that it ipublishe
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3.22 and calcof surveof statis
3.23 generatiexample
Table 3.
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Who rep
Report i
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3.24 statistic
3.25 organisaspecialilocationdivided of a loceconomenterpriis considactivity attributethat maymay prothis leve
dical Guide oPr
pter 3 – Scoclassificatio
s of the enr, these artion require
An adds calculateded, consequ
Statist
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1: Various
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and classific
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Page 4 of 11
distribution ovide informs not always
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s
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rast to domes, so tha current pric
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019
mestic firms,t collectinge reports.
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3.26 the prodas the sunits arFederal kind-of-
3.27 are colleproduceStatisticcharge othe repo
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E.1
3.28 universacomprehindividuindividuuniversaexactly defines
3.29 scheme producestructurethe schoverlappand porclassific
3.30 price indno compclassific
dical Guide oPr
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.1 Hierarch
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Page 5 of 11
ucture of an
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019
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E.2
3.32 activitieprovides
Figure 3
3.33 classifiemanufacand indu
3.34 NACE2 Rsystem classificlocal unthe opeversion Union. Tsystem, subsect
3.35 alphabeproduceuniversaD (Electr
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Page 6 of 11
d in Germann of the elly-active ens of their ac product con
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019
ndex. On theactivities isd-of-activitysification byon.
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3.36 Europeasystem units, anthe relevthis clas21 secticlassificalphabe2008.
3.37 structureon eachshown.
Table 3.
Identific
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2 digits
3 digits
4 digits
5 digits
3.38 manufaceconom
E.3
3.39 assignedproductsgoods, vschemethe follo
dical Guide oPr
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The claan system, b
serves to pnd other stavant compessification. Tions, 88 divcation of all etical index
The foled. In additi
h level and
2: Structur
cation
Every ectures additic focus of t
Classific
In contrd to a specs being sumvarious class on the UN
owing figure
on the Indexroducts (Dom
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assification obut includesprovide for atistical unietent authorThe result isvisions, 272economic a with more
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21 Econo
88 Econo
272 Econo
615 Econo
839 Econo
economic etional produthe entity is
cations of go
rast to the cific group a
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x of Producemestic Mark
P
of economics an additiostandardisets in all offi
rities, and fus a hierarch2 groups, 61ctivities. In than 33,00
rview showype of identie taken from
ssification o
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mic groups
mic classes
mic subclass
entity is cucts that woalways cruc
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c activities onal hierarched recordingicial Germanurther institically-struct15 classes aaddition to
00 terms is
ws how the ification for m the class
f economic
Exam
C
s 24
24.2
24.2
ses 24.2
clearly assigould requirecial in the cla
ns of econothe classificy of the typest in the intee EU and of t
ndustrial
1
used in Gehy level whig of economn statistics. utions contured classifand 839 suthe system available a
classificatieach hierarc
sification of
activities (W
mple
Man
Man
Man
0 Man
0.2 Man
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as pe
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019
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are shown in
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Figure 3
3.40 and serveconom(via CPC
3.41 Communup to sixon UN classific
3.42 Europeamanufacclassificstructurethe CPACPA catethe purpthe good
3.43 nationalRepublicbased ois used PRODCO
3.44 classificunmistaGP codecorrespofollowin(domest
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.3 Overvie
The Cenvices and thic activities
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he classificaivities. Eachne category n of goods on of the sun the calcul
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of goods
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which is bins in line withan unmistakossible.
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EU.
he Europeanof goods
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G
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UN level, coational clasfication of t
within theassification
CPA differs frde sufficient
ty, is also ung and qua
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are usually c
economic aproducts for cts to specif) of which vexceeds that
the subsecP 2009 codcomprised oassification t GP codes lx of industri
GP 2009
Germany
019
overs goodssification ofhe products
e Europeanof products
rom the CPCtly detailed
used on thearrying andUnion. Thise EU. In itsorrespond tom within its system. Forcollected for
activities, a the Federalfic groups isersion 2012 of CPA and
ctions of thee making itf the 2-digitof the latterlisted in theal products
s f s
n s C d
e d s s o s r r
a l s 2 d
e t t r e s
Method
Chapc
Table 3.
GP No.
05
06
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
35
36
38.32
3.45 goods, categoryto form gof goods
dical Guide oPr
pter 3 – Scoclassificatio
3: Overviewmarket)
Group o
Mining
Extracti
Quarryin
Mining
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufaarticles
Manufa
Printing
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Manufa
Other m
Repair a
Electrici
Water c
Recover
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on the Indexroducts (Dom
pe and ons
w of the GP
of goods
of coal and li
on of crude p
ng of stone, s
support servi
acture of food
acture of beve
acture of toba
acture of texti
acture of wear
acture of leath
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acture of pape
g and reprodu
acture of coke
acture of chem
acture of basi
acture of rubb
acture of othe
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9-digit GP coGP code. T
within a clasoods, the 3-wing exampl
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Page 9 of 11
he produce
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hemical produ
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Figure 3
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3.46 digit GPAs a resof the clcorresposuch a same 4-productsconsequand WZequivaleillustrate
Table 3.
Manufacgoods an
Manufac
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E.4
3.47 (domestclassificdetermianalogo
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.4 Examplstatistic
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sult, for instalass or divisondence witway that th-digit WZ cos that haveuence, there, as is exprent identifice this, as is
4: Compar
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ture of veneer
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Particu
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Wine v
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vinegar ..........
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ments and se
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Page 10 of 1
ccording to012)
....................
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of goods in g examples i
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panels 16
30
and 32
o ascertain ttheir type the calculatse results oc activity.
ndustrial
1
o the Produ
....................
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ucts ..............
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product is co form aggreGP codes a
vel of the 4-dchieved by manufacturethin an ecothe corres
ce between he first four GP 2009 ann Table 3.4.
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igit
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21 Veneer
91 Motorcy
50 Medicasupplie
the produceof classifiction of the
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uct Classifi
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r sheets and w
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r price indexation of thproducer p
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er: August 2
ication for
............. 108
............. 108
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108
............. 108
............. 108
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utable to exarious 9-digiwhich cover ades, there isthe 9-digit Gby enterprisevity is dominconomic accation strucoth classificc subclass
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84 11
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84
8
xactly one 9-it GP codes.all products an obvious
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Method
Chapc
3.48 the 4-dproductsThese bya price relevantclassificcategoriclassificgoods awill eveprice deby-prodclassificeconom
3.49 calculatused anresults c
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As expligit GP cods, the turnoy-products arepresentat
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Page 11 of 1
close corresactivities a
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e price inde
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1
spondence bare represealso attributght of the ecnomic entitentatives a-products is stem of thhe index on
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e 4-digit WZhe main mamain economivity but notonomic actid with the but it will fa
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ods, the rese indices ca of German
019
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all into otherods to thesification of
mic activities goods. Thec activity asgned in then a different
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d d . y y e r e f s e s e t
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Method
Cha
4. Wei A. B. C. D. A.
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4.4
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IntroduData soCalculaUpdatin
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The indting individ
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of industriato form tota
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l products (al indices at are includeights reflecerved. The to
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Page 2 of 15
mentary indindex is decie total indexoundation fo year t=0. Aclowing form
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4.16 end of t4.1.1 “Bsowie dsupply number remunerseparate
1 The qua
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dical Guide oPr
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Data so
Sales/p
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As detng), C (Manic activities
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The moe basis for S
For the s employed,re collectedal / non-hanption taxes.
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Page 3 of 15
d to derive teral Statisti
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digit code amld in Germaercentage aecisive, so
include neiturther sub-dquestion in o. In particuland parafiscagsbeitrag –on.
alculation ofulated by a tobacco taxtax rate and
n tax and on 2015)
co products, ntaining tobac
s
roximate wde. As a resal calculat
e productions that havele (basket) on the basis o
e basket of asket items
eights wi0 aredomestic maividual elem
ndices for baarket) in pe
jjt w 0*
dex of bask
ndustrial
5
mong the inany and forattribution othat the spr
her consumdivision of order to corrar, consumpal charges fo
– EBV), are c
f the correctdding the cx is volumed then adde
f the correct
cco
1
7
9
weights takesult, one reion of the
n statistics (e been remor not. Usingof the year 2
goods, the s which have kept consarket) for a bmentary indiasket itemsriod t is cal
ket item j in p
as pe
dividual goor products sof the approread can tak
ption taxes the approx
ectly attribuption taxes for mineral oconsidered
ted productionsumption
e-dependented to the p
ted product
,598,864
,572;971
,171,835
es place asceives a su weighting
(with the exoved), regag this attrib
2015.
weighting sve been inctant in the c
base period ces of the g
s j= 1, …, n culated acc
period t
er: August 2
ods types hsold abroadoximate weike place usi
nor parafiscximate weigute the weighfor alcoholicoil products
in the price
ion value fon tax to thet, so that co
production v
ion value (in
s a percentub-division o scheme i
xception of tardless of wbution, 5,208
shares of thcluded. Thecalculation o until the negoods types the index
cording to th
019
as a similard. Since theights to theng the total
cal charges.ghts to thehts of the 4-
c beverages, such as thee index and
or cigarettes productiononsumptionvalue of the
n each case
tage of theof domesticn principle
those codeswhether the8 9-digit GP
he excludede method isof the indexxt rebasing.
s. By addingof producer
he following
r e e l
. e -,
e d
s n n e
e
e c e s e P
d s x .
g r g
Method
Cha
4.50 divided takes plcode arethe indivthe indiv
Table 4.
Sales sta
Economi
1085
Productio GP 1085 11
1085 12
1085 13
1085 14
1085 14
1085 19
Total
4.51 processoverview(Energy carry ouBDEW fo
Table 4.
GP
35 1
dical Guide oPr
apter 4 - Wei
The foll depending lace separate the startinvidual 9-digvidual weigh
3: Distribu
atistics
c class Text
Prep
on statistics Goo
000 Prepmea
000 Prepcrus
000 Prepvege
100 Farinand
300 Othepastsala
000 Othe(incl
In addied from ass
w of the sec and water st detailed w
or the base y
4: Weightsgas sup
Tex
Ele
Ele
on the Indexroducts (Dom
ghting
0jw : sa
re
lowing table on the protely for eachng point, thgit GP codeshts of the 9-
tion of the f
t
pared meals a
ds type pared meals aat offal or bloopared meals astaceans and pared meals aetables naceous prod precooked er prepared mta (e.g. prepa
ad) er prepared dluding frozen
tion to the sociations anctions concesupply), the
weighting. Beyear 2015.
s in the ecopply accordi
xt
ctricity
ctricity, supp
- amount
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ales share of
presented g
e shows by oduction valh economic cese being d
s. The sales digit GP cod
fine weights
and dishes
and dishes baod and dishes ba molluscs and dishes ba
ducts, filled, a
meals and disared spaghett
dishes and me pizza)
informationnd other externed was pe data availelow the bas
onomic sectng to sales s
lied to house
t supplied pe
r Prices of Inket)
Page 10 of 1
f the elemen
goods
way of examlues (PW). Tclass (4-dig
distributed icomparison
des. The liste
of the 4-dig
ased on mea
ased on fish,
ased on
also cooked
shes based oti dish, pasta
eals
from the pternal sourcprovided in able in the sket items a
ors D and Esurveys
eholds
er year 1,800
ndustrial
5
ntary index j
mple how thThis sub-divit WZ code).n proportio
n column fored data rela
git WZ codes
Amounts i
Sales 201
3,037,7
PW 2015
t, 717,4
129,3
352,9
375,n
177,0
1,570,3,322,8
production ses for the ca Table 4.1. Federal Staare listed wh
E (Energy an
kWh
as pe
in the total
he individuavision of the. The sales vn to the prorms the baste to values
s among the
in 1,000 Euro
5
703
Share PW
432 0.21
369 0.03
977 0.10
542 0.11
038 0.05
533 0.47891
tatistics, adalculation oParticularly
atistical Offichich were de
nd water sup
er: August 2
sales of all
al fine weighe approximvalues of theoduction vais for the ca
s of 2015.
goods type
o
PW Sales co
159
389
062
130
533
726 1
dditional inff the fine we in economce are not s
efined toget
pply) for ele
Weightper tho2015
019
hts are sub-ate weightse 4-digit WZlues among
alculation of
s
omparison
655 858
118 266
322 683
343 311
161 844
1 435 742 3 037 703
formation iseighting. Anic section Esufficient toher with the
ectricity and
ing share ousand
99.18
21.99 5.03
-s Z g f
s n E o e
d
Method
Cha
GP
35 2
35 3
36
C.3
4.52 exclusivdigit GP
dical Guide oPr
apter 4 - Wei
Tex
Ele
Ele
Ele
Ser
Nat
NatNat
Nat
NatNatSto
Ste
SupSup
Wa
WaWa
Wa
Particu
In the cvely underpiP code. Sale
on the Indexroducts (Dom
ghting
xt
- amount- amount
ctricity, supp
- amount- amount
ctricity, supp
- in low v- in high
- in high
- in high - stock ex
ctricity to res
rvices for elec- Transm
- Distribu
- Trade o
tural gas (dis
tural gas, suptural gas, sup
- amount- amount
tural gas, sup- amount- amount- amount- amount
tural gas, suptural gas, sup
ock exchange
eam and hot w
pply to a residpply to a non
ter and servi
ter supplied ter supplied
- 5,000 m- 50,000
ter supplied
larities
calculation oinned with ps are howev
x of Producemestic Mark
P
t supplied pet supplied pe
lied to indust
t supplied pet supplied pe
lied to specia
voltage voltage
voltage, amo
voltage, amoxchange quo
ellers
ctricity supplyission of elec
ution of electr
f electricity
tribution)
pplied to houspplied to tradt supplied pet supplied pepplied to indut supplied pet supplied pet supplied pet supplied pepplied to powpplied to re-se quotes
water supply
dential buildi-residential b
ces of water s
to householdto industry
m3 per month m3 per montto water utilit
of the weighproducts cover also freq
r Prices of Inket)
Page 11 of 1
er year 3,500 er year 13,000
trial plant
er year 12,600er year 12,600
al contract cu
ount supplied
ount suppliedtes
y ctricity
ricity
seholds e and indust
er year 58,150er year 116,30ustry er year 1,163 er year 11,630er year 116,30er year over 50wer plants
ellers
services
ing with sevebuilding
supply
ds
th ties
hting schemeorrespondingquently gene
ndustrial
5
kWh 0 kWh
0 kWh, regula0 kWh, specia
ustomers
d per year 625
d per year 4,0
ry 0 kWh 00 kWh
MWh 0 MWh 00 MWh 00,000 MWh
eral families
e, the sales g to the maerated with
as pe
ar rate al rate
5,000 kWh
00,000 kWh
values of thain producti by-products
er: August 2
Weightper tho2015
he 4-digit Won, i.e. of ts within this
019
ing share ousand
14.25 2.71 4.45
2.67 1.78
28.38
10.77 17.61
5.78
8.75 3.08
23.82
20.54 5.22
5.74
9.58
84.38
14.29 5.74 2.87 2.87
10.40 0.83 1.25 1.56 6.76 2.38
51.48 0.09
11.10
4.53 6.57
11.38
7.18 1.88 0.98 0.90 2.32
WZ codes arethe same 4-s 4-digit WZ
e -Z
Method
Cha
code. Thcalculatexact bydevelopweightinis the su
Table 4.
2-digit
05-09
10-12
13-15
16 Madufurof
17 Mapro
18 Prirec
19 Mape
20 Mach
21 Maphph
22 Mapla
23 Mame
24 Ma
11 FachseReihe 2 “Wirtscha
dical Guide oPr
apter 4 - Wei
he results fion up to th
y goods typepment of theng scheme aupply table f
6: Share o
WZ code
9 Mining and
Manufacturbeverages products
Manufacturwearing aprelated pro
anufacture oucts of woodrniture; man straw and p
anufacture ooducts
inting and recorded med
anufacture otroleum pro
anufacture oemical prod
anufacture oarmaceuticaarmaceutica
anufacture oastic produc
anufacture oetallic miner
anufacture o
erie 18 Volksw“Input-Outpuft > Volkswirt
on the Indexroducts (Dom
ghting
for economihe respectivees in each cae main prodand in the infrom the inp
of main and
d quarrying
re of food prand tobacco
re of textilesparel, leathducts
of wood and and cork, e
nufacture of plaiting mate
of paper and
eproductionia
of coke and oducts
of chemicalsducts
of basic al products al preparatio
of rubber ancts
of other non-ral products
of basic met
wirtschaftlicht-Rechnung” schaftliche G
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ic activities e 4-digit codase, but thaduction, an
ndex calculaput-output ac
auxiliary pro
Smd
roducts, o
s, er and
of pro-except
articles erials
d paper
of
refined
s and
and ons
d
-
als
e Gesamtrech (Input-outpuesamtrechnu
r Prices of Inket)
Page 12 of 1
and for gode. In the fint price indicd not that
ation howeveccount11.
oduction of
Share of main pro-duction
in %
2-dpro
83.92 23
95.33 46
89.40 47
94.88 46
91.98 46
96.47 68
87.23 20
84.11 46
64.83 72
85.71 25
88.01 46
92.02 25
hnungen desut accounts) tungen - Inland
ndustrial
5
oods classenal analysis
ces by econoof the totaler appear to
2-digit WZ c
digit CPA cododuction
3 Manufactumetallic m
6 Wholesalemotor veh
7 Retail tradvehicles a
6 Wholesalemotor veh
6 Wholesalemotor veh
8 Real estat
0 Manufactuchemical p
6 Wholesalemotor veh
2 Scientific developm
5 Manufactuproducts, equipmen
6 Wholesalemotor veh
5 Manufactuproducts, equipmen
Bundes (Nato be found atdsprodukt > P
as pe
s are deems, this meanomic activitil sales. The
o be accepta
code (econom
de of main a
ure of other mineral produ
e trade, exceicles and m
de, except ofnd motorcyc
e trade, exceicles and m
e trade, exceicles and m
e activities
ure of chemiproducts
e trade, exceicles and m
research anent
ure of fabricaexcept mact
e trade, exceicles and m
ure of fabricaexcept mact
ional Account www.destatPublikationen
er: August 2
med equal ins that pricees only refle
ese inaccuraable. The so
mic division
auxiliary
non-ucts
ept of otorcycles
f motor cles
ept of otorcycles
ept of otorcycles
icals and
ept of otorcycles
d
ated metal hinery and
ept of otorcycles
ated metal hinery and
nts of the Fedtis.de > Themen > Fachserie 1
019
n the index indices are
ect the priceacies in theurce for this
n)
Share of auxiliary
productionin %
4.37
2.01
3.01
1.15
1.49
0.92
5.74
3.12
7.47
2.32
2.88
2.12
eration), en > 18.
x e e e s
n
Method
Cha
2-digit
25 Maproeq
26 Maele
27 Maeq
28 Maeq
29 Matra
30 Maeq
31-32
33 Rema
35 Eleco
36 Wa
4.53 product supply tunits arecharacteconside
D.
D.1
4.54 referencthe app
dical Guide oPr
apter 4 - Wei
WZ code
anufacture ooducts, exceuipment
anufacture oectronic and
anufacture ouipment
anufacture ouipment n.e
anufacture oailers and se
anufacture ouipment
ManufacturOther manu
pair and insachinery and
ectricity, gasnditioning s
ater supply
In mos groups leatable were e however uerised by mration of by-
Updati
Updatin
The basce period is roximate we
on the Indexroducts (Dom
ghting
of fabricatedept machine
of computer,d optical pro
of electrical
of machinerye.c.
of motor vehemi-trailers
of other tran
re of furnituufacturing
stallation of d equipmen
s, steam andsupply
st cases, thads to deviacalculated o
used when dmuch great-production
ng and com
ng
sis for the cformed by t
eights and t
x of Producemestic Mark
P
Smd
d metal ery and
, ducts
y and
hicles,
sport
re,
t
d air
his distinctiations in covon the basideriving the er homogen is hence mu
mparability
calculation othe shares othe producti
r Prices of Inket)
Page 13 of 1
Share of main pro-duction
in %
2-dpro
90.75 28
46
77.93 72
79.04 28
46
84.61 33
84.88 45
72
87.12 33
72
86.86 46
88.10 72
81.32 42
60.55 37
on betweenverage of leis of enterp weighting sneity in thuch less tha
y
of the indivof the 4-digiion values o
ndustrial
5
digit CPA cododuction
8 Manufactuequipmen
6 Wholesalemotor veh
2 Scientific developm
8 Manufactuequipmen
6 Wholesalemotor veh
3 Repair andmachinery
5 Wholesalerepair of mmotorcycle
2 Scientific developm
3 Repair andmachinery
2 Scientific developm
6 Wholesalemotor veh
2 Scientific developm
2 Civil engin
7 Sewerage
n attributioess than 10rises’ result
scheme for te productio
an shown by
idual weight codes amo
of the 9-digi
as pe
de of main a
ure of machit n.e.c.
e trade, exceicles and m
research anent
ure of machit n.e.c.
e trade, exceicles and m
d installationy and equipm
e and retail tmotor vehiclees research anent
d installationy and equipmresearch anent
e trade, exceicles and m
research anent
neering
n by econo0%. What is ts. Sales vathe produceon ranges. the above t
ts of the weong total sat codes for
er: August 2
auxiliary
inery and
ept of otorcycles
d
inery and
ept of otorcycles)
n of ment
trade and es and
d
n of ment d
ept of otorcycles
d
omic activits more, the alues of kiner price inde
The probletable.
eighting schales for the f
the fine we
019
Share of auxiliary
productionin %
1.15
1.14
8.66
4.13
4.18
3.26
4.35
4.84
2.83
4.49
3.14
3.27
4.52
21.94
ties and bydata of thed-of-activity
ex which areem of non-
heme in theformation ofights. Since
n
y e y e -
e f e
Method
Cha
the signtime, ch
4.55 scheme year as a
Fig 4.1
4.56 becauseeconom
Base yeBase ye
4.57 years arrebasingWhen canew basrebasing
4.58 these caschemewhich bproductnew weithe inclureplacinof new g
D.2
4.59 since it from thecalculatweightevariouslperiods,the mark
4.60 periods;
dical Guide oPr
apter 4 - Wei
nificance of ecks and ad
In orde is re-calcula rule. The f
Base ye
1950
1958
1962
A deviae of specialic structure.
ar 1976 instar 1991 inst
The curre used to dg. The precialculating thse index vag can be fou
If qualitan also be . Informatio
become necion values iights, new puded baske
ng products goods.
Compar
The wedetermines
e price repoe a total ind; dependily-sized sha, adjustmenket structure
This red; compariso
on the Indexroducts (Dom
ghting
individual edjustments t
er to accounated every f
following list
ars since 19
1970
1976
1980
ation from thl influences . Examples o
tead of 1975tead of 1990
rrent base yderive new wse method
he price indalue of 100.und in Chapt
tative chang integrated
on is provideessary becas not possib
products areet items (9-dand new go
rability
ighting is a the influenrts, in otherndex on thng on thei
ares. Since nts of the wes.
duces the ions are only
x of Producemestic Mark
P
economic ato the weigh
nt for structfive years in t provides a
950
0 19
6 19
0 19
his rule mak since specof this are as
5: Special in0: Special in
year is 2015weights. In tused for thiices, the an. A descriptter 9 – Index
ges can be oregardless
ed in Chaptause of thesble within the only includdigit GP codoods are des
an importance of individr words fromis basis, thr significanthe share eighting sch
nformationay possible t
r Prices of Inket)
Page 14 of 1
activities, prhts are neces
tural shifts Germany; tn overview o
985
991
995
kes sense ifcial situatios follows.
nfluences benfluences be
5. Sales andthe same wais is describnnual averagtion of the mx calculation
observed witof rebasing
ter 7 – Qualse changeshe ongoing ded if these
de). The prescribed in C
t element indual price c
m the basic he individuace, they arof individuheme are al
al value witto a restrict
ndustrial
5
roducts and ssary at regu
and changhe years enof the base y
2000
2005
2010
f the originans have co
ecause of thecause of Ge
d productioay, the sam
bed in the nge of the bamethod usen.
thin a produg and of a lity changes. Considerabase. Outsi
e constitute cise methodhapter 8 – P
n the calcuchanges on tdata, as indal indices fre input intal productslso necessa
th long-termted degree.
as pe
product groular interval
ges in the mding in 0 anyears since
2015
ally-plannednsiderably d
e oil crisis erman reuni
n statistics ples are funext chapter,
ase period aed in the in
uct group of new calcul
s on possibltion of chande the reba new producd adopted aProduct repl
lation of thethe total ind
dividual meafor the varioto the prod in total sary. These ch
m comparisoIndividual a
er: August 2
oups may cls.
markets, thend 5 are use1950.
d base year distorted th
fication
of the respndamentallyr, Chapter 5 after rebasin
dex calcula
f the weightiation of thele forms of nged sales
asing and cact specificatand the poslacement an
e producer dex. Indicesasurementsous produc
ducer price ales changehanges dep
ons over difaggregates
019
change over
e weightinged as a base
is unsuitedhe “normal”
pective basey revised on – Samples.g forms the
ation and in
ing scheme,e weighting adjustmentshares and
alculation oftions withinssibilities innd inclusion
price index are formed. In order tots must beindex with
es over thepict shifts in
fferent baseof different
r
g e
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e n .
e n
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base yeaand strucomposrebasingweights
4.61 differenton whicactivitieirregularProduct conversway thasince th
4.62 version classificThis ledmany ca2015 = differs frand ferrproduct
4.63 geograpwere drasales is develop
dical Guide oPr
apter 4 - Wei
ars consist ouctural chanition of the g. Also the , which is w
In additt weights of h the sub-ds is based r intervals a Classificatiion makes in was previoey can each
For instGP 2002 to
cations in th to conside
ases to calcu100 versionrom the prevro-alloys). Thion class 24
In addiphical compaawn up for t collected, t
pment has be
on the Indexroducts (Dom
ghting
of various pges are mix 9-digit codesample of thy a compa
tion to the f the 9-digit division of th are subjectnd the curreion for Prodit possible fously the ca
h relate to di
tance, the t GP 2009 to
he various Mrable changulate compan 2012 of GPvious one ohe changes
410 except f
tion to the arability is athe former fthe geograpeen calculat
x of Producemestic Mark
P
roduct groued if an indees and theirthe reportinrison should
problem ariGP code, it she productst to a varieent versions
duction Statfor the groupase. Direct cofferent prod
ransition ofook place inMember Statges to the clarable resultP 2009 was tnly in the su within 241or the indice
comparabilia further poifederal territhical borderted for the e
r Prices of Inket)
Page 15 of 1
ps; the weigex comparisr weights in ng firms is rd always be
sing as to tshould also
s to form goety of adjuss of the classistics are inping of indivomparisons
ducts.
f the Produc the conver
tes of the Eulassificationts acc. to GPtaken as claub-division 0 result in es on reinfo
ity over timeint to be taktory until 19rs have bee
entire federa
ndustrial
5
ghts of the 9son occurs o the total were-compiled taken with a
the compara be consideods groups tments. Thesification of
ntegrated invidual good of the price
ct Classificarsion to the uropean Unin in GermanyP 2002 and Gassification bof productioreduced timrcing steel i
e of variousken into acc990. Since tn extended
al territory si
as pe
9-digit GP cover several eighting sch with each a grain of sa
ability over tred that the and enterpese classificf the econom the framews types to ta
e indices bec
tion for Probase 2005 =ion were hay. As a resuGP 2009. Wibasis for theon class 241
me series win base perio
s base periocount. The phe price dev by German nce 1991.
er: August 2
odes are chabase period
heme changnew calcula
alt.
the periods classificatiorises to form
cations are mic activitieswork of rebaake place income less a
oduction Sta= 100. Herermonised E
ult, it was imith the rebase first time. T10 (Basic iroithin the suod 2015 = 1
ods and clasproducer pric
velopment reunificatio
019
anged. Priceds, since thege with eachation of the
because ofon schemesm economicupdated at
s and of theasings. Thisn a differentauthoritative
atistics frome, the goodsurope-wide.
mpossible insing to baseThis versionon and steelb-indices of00.
ssifications,ce statisticsof domestic
on; the price
e e h e
f s c t e s t e
m s .
n e n l f
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Method
Cha
5. Sam A. B. C. D. E. F. A.
5.1 represenin Germuniversaenterpri
Figure 5
Prod
ucer
s (W
Z B
C D
E)
5.2 composprocedutargetedprice sta
dical Guide oPr
apter 5 - Sam
mples
IntroduData soSelectiSelectiSelectiDealing
Introdu
The indntative basi
many by ental set is comses headqu
.1 Universa
Produc
Prod
ucer
s (W
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,C, D
, E)
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ures (randomd selection aatistics. This
on the Indexroducts (Dom
mples
uction ources ion of the bion of the eion of the pg with chan
uction
dex of produs the averagterprises in mprised of aartered in G
al set of prod
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cal recordinuniversal se
m or stratifieand cut-off ps method co
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P
basket of goenterprises price represnges
ucer prices ge developm mining, maall sales eveermany tow
ducer price
– 38)
Universal se
ng of the eet is unknowed random procedures insists of thr
r Prices of Inket)
Page 1 of 10
oods
sentatives
of industriament of the panufacturingents in the
wards domes
statistics
et
ntirety of thwn. For this rsample) is nis applied inree stages.
ndustrial
0
al products prices for thg, and the respective p
stic custome
hese sales reason, the not possiblen German pr
as pe
(domestic me products energy andperiod undeers.
events is napplication e. Consequeroducer pric
er: August 2
market) meamanufactur
d water induer report ca
not feasible of traditionently, a comce statistics,
019
133689
asures on aed and soldustries. Therried out by
e; the exactal sampling
mbination of, as in other
3 3 6 8 9
a d e y
t g f r
Method
Cha
5.3 in termsthe indivthe baskproduceand locagoods vThese srepresen
Figure 5
5.4 for thessample reportinof the ch
5.5 represenreportinof the in
Sa(ba
Sarep
Srep
dical Guide oPr
apter 5 - Sam
The firss of sales. Thvidual typesket of goodse and sell thal units thu
variants, i.e.ales eventsntatives.
.2 Selectio
A differe purposes are describg units, andhapter deals
The mantativeness g firms is ke
ndex.
ample of goodasket of good
mple of pripresentativ
Sample of porting unit
on the Indexroducts (Dom
mples
st step involhis is baseds of goods. Ts. The secone goods typ
us selected . the typicals form the b
on steps in t
rent type of are discussed, firstly th
d finally the es with chang
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ds ds)
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x of Producemestic Mark
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ves the sele on the weigThe entiretynd step thenes represenforms the s
l sales evenbasis for the
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ection of theghts of the w
y of productsn involves thnted in the bsample of rnts, are thene monthly p
ample
n is needed ion B. Then of the baskdure in definustments.
e individuaon, care shoand that the
niversal s
tion of pro
tion of pro
ion of sal
ndustrial
0
e goods typweighting scs selected ohe selectionbasket of goreporting unn determineprice observ
for each ste the individket of goodsning the pric
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e reports are
set
oducts
oducers
es events
as pe
es with relacheme that hon the basis of enterprisods. The entits. In the t
ed by the sevation and a
ep. The variual steps in
s, then the cce represent
is to attainen that the used efficie
s
All pro All pro All sal
All pro All sal
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er: August 2
atively high shave been a of the weigses or local tirety of the third step, telected repoare referred
ious data son the generachoice of thtatives. The
n as high a effort invoently for the
oducts oducers les events
oducers les events
les events
019
significanceattributed toghting forms units which enterprisesthe specificorting units. to as price
ources usedation of thee individual last section
a degree oflved for the
e calculation
e o s h s c .
e
d e l
n
f e n
Method
Cha
B.
5.6 several units is
5.7 Weightinthe bascorrespothus forChapter the Prodadditionreportinstatisticand the
5.8 does noselectioindustryof the eweightin
C.
C.1
5.9 correspoand theito be sewhose Consequrepresen
5.10 domestithe weigrepresen
dical Guide oPr
apter 5 - Sam
Data so
The prostages. Firsformed, and
The weng, constituket of goodonding aggrrming the br 4 Section Bduction Indun, the produg units. To t
cs which con correspond
For enteot have the n of the sa
y associationenterprises ing of the ind
Selecti
Selectio
When tonds to its sir share in thelected fromprice deve
uently, pricented in the b
The tabic sales fromghting sharnted in the b
on the Indexroducts (Dom
mples
ources
ocedure of t, the goods
d in a final st
eighting schtes the info
ds. With theregates, it isasis for the
B (Fachserie ustries) formuction statithis end, anntain – for eing product
erprises in tdata at its
ample of ren (BDEW - Bin different dividual bas
ion of the b
on of the 9-d
he weightinshare in totahe total salem this list. elopment ise surveys abasket of go
ble below shm the year 2re of the rebasket of go
x of Producemestic Mark
P
determinins are selectetep, the indi
heme, the rmation bas
e aid of the decided wh
e price surv 4, Reihe 3.1
ms the essenstics serve evaluation
each 9-digit ion values.
the sectors disposal in
eporting uniundesverbaenergy market items to
basket of go
digit GP code
g scheme isal sales. The
es. The typesThe basket s to be ore conducte
oods.
ows an exce2015 and thspective 9-d
oods of 2015
r Prices of Inket)
Page 3 of 10
g the indived for the bividual price
determinatisis for the see weights fohich groups ey. Conseq1 “Produktiontial basis f as a data is carried oGP code – t
of energy a this detaileits in this
and der Enerrkets is evalo the reportin
oods
es
s derived, ee result is as of goods to of goods hobserved reed and elem
erpt from thehe shares in digit code. 5.
ndustrial
0
vidual pricebasket of goe representa
on of whicelection of thor the indivi of goods beuently, the
on im Produzfor the com source for ut of the indthe contact
nd water sued form. To regard, busrgie- und Waluated. Thusng units to b
each 9-digit a list of all 9o be includehence constepresentativ
mentary indi
e weighting the total doThe right c
as pe
representaods, next, t
atives are de
h was deshe individuaidual 9-digitecome part production zierenden Gpilation of t the generadividual datadetails of th
upply, the Fe obtain morsiness statisasserwirtschs it is possibe included.
GP code is 9-digit GP coed in the bastitutes the svely for alices are cal
scheme witomestic saleolumn show
er: August 2
atives is cothe sample etermined.
scribed in Cal goods rept GP codes of the bask statistics d
Gewerbe” (Prthe basket oation of theasets of thehe individua
ederal Statisre detailed dstics of thehaft) regardiible to brea.
assigned a odes, their ssket of goodselection ofll domesticlculated onl
th the relatees which cows the type
019
omprised ofof reporting
Chapter 4 –presented in and of theet of goods,
described inroduction inof goods. Ine sample ofe productional producers
stical Officedata for thee respectiveing turnover
ak down the
weight thatsales valuesds now havef the goodsc products.y for goods
d details onrrespond to
es of goods
f g
– n e ,
n n n f
n s
e e e r e
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Method
Cha
Table 5.
Sales st
WZ
1085
Producti
GP
1085 11
1085 12
1085 13
1085 14
1085 14
1085 19
Total
5.11 digit WZTo makeand are represenfrequentNone oftotal salbasket i
5.12 industryusers. Sproduct inclusioclassificstatistic
5.13 (domest1,976 9system. of the 9-in 2015
dical Guide oPr
apter 5 - Sam
1: Exampl
atistics
Text
Prepa
ion statistics
Goods
1 000 Prepaor blo
2 000 Prepacrusta
3 000 Prepa
4 100 Farinaprecoo
4 300 Other (e.g. p
9 000 Other pizza)
From thZ code. This e the selecti included innted. In certtly the casef the 9-digit les is signifitems which
This lisy associationSome assoc groups, altn in the bas
cation belowcs are consid
At prestic market) i
9-digit GP co The groups-digit codes.
on the Indexroducts (Dom
mples
le of a produ
red meals an
s
s type
red meals anod
red meals aceans and m
red meals an
aceous prodoked
prepared mprepared spag
prepared di
hese data, t significanceon, all 9-dig
n the sampletain cases,
e where only GP codes wcant as a co contain ind
st is coordins. This alloiations, for
though the ssket of good
w the level odered as far
sent, the cais based on odes, which of goods w of the bask
x of Producemestic Mark
P
uct sample
d dishes
d dishes bas
and dishemolluscs
d dishes bas
ducts, filled
meals and dighetti dish, p
ishes and m
the productse is reflectedgit GP codese until a cumseveral 9-diy minimal wwould have ombined badividual 9-di
nated with ows taking i instance, resales valuesds. It is concof 9-digit GP as possible
alculation o the basket were select
were combineket of goods
r Prices of Inket)
Page 4 of 10
sed on meat,
es based
sed on vegeta
, also coo
ishes based pasta salad)
meals (includi
s with a higd in the weis are sorted mulated minigit codes a
weights werea high salesket item. Tgit GP codes
the major into considerequire infors of the gooceivable wit
P codes is de in compilin
of the inde of goods froted from theed to form 1, the degree
ndustrial
0
Aw
S
Sc
meat offal
on fish,
ables
oked and
on pasta
ing frozen
gh sales sigghting share in descendnimum of 60are combinee determines significan
The result of s or combin
data userseration addirmation on ods types wth some groesired. The
ng the baske
ex of produom the year e total of 5,1,343 baskee of coverage
as pe
Amounts in 1,weighting sha
ales 2015
ales omparison
655,858
118,266
322,683
343,311
161,844
1,435,742
3,037,703
gnificance are of the indiing order by
0 % of the sd to form o
ed for the ince of its ow the selectioations of 9-d
, in particutional wishethe price d
would actualups of good special wis
et of goods.
cer prices 2015. This 208 items o
et items. Whe is approx.
er: August 2
000 Euros, are per thousa
Weighting share (‰)
Weighting share (‰)
0.64
0.12
0.32
0.34
0.16
1.41
2.98
re selected ividual 9-digy their weighsales per 4-dne basket i
ndividual 9-wn, but the son procedurdigit GP cod
ular with thes of variouevelopmentlly be too lods that a moshes of the u
of industria basket is coof the GP cl
hen adding u 84% of dom
019
and
Basket of goods 2015
X
X
X
for each 4-git GP code.hting sharesdigit code istem. This isdigit codes.share in there is a list ofes.
e specialistus groups oft in specificow to justifyore detailedusers of the
al productsomprised oflassificationup the salesmestic sales
-. s s s .
e f
t f c y d e
s f
n s s
Method
Cha
C.2
5.14 codes acodes irepresenproductsrepresen
5.15 not contrepresensales an
5.16 basket ogoods. Ithe totanext higexcludeon the G
5.17 dishes, distributbasket ooverall distribut
Table 5.
Sales sta
WZ
1085
Productio GP
1085 11
1085 12
1085 13 1085 14
1085 14
1085 19
Total
dical Guide oPr
apter 5 - Sam
Consequ
At the tre included n the currented directls, and the ntative of th
Once thtained in thnts the non-nd the total o
If, for inof goods, thIn assigningl of the wei
gher level. Wd 9-digit co
GP code or o
The exahow the weted proportiof goods. Insales are inted proporti
2: Proporti
atistics
Text
Prepar
on statistics
Goods
000 Preparoffal or
000 Preparcrustac
000 Prepar 100 Farinac
precoo 300 Other p
(e.g. pr 000 Other
frozen
on the Indexroducts (Dom
mples
uences for t
ime the bas in the price
ent basket oly by a basprice deveese product
he sample oe basket of -selected prof productio
nstance, onhe price devg the weightghts of the Where sevedes are disttherwise pro
ample in theeights of theionally to thn the exampncluded in ionally to the
onal assign
ed meals and
type
ed meals andr blood
ed meals aceans and moed meals andceous produoked
prepared mearepared spagprepared d
pizza)
x of Producemestic Mark
P
he weightin
sket of good survey. Theof goods issket item. Clopment of ts.
f goods has goods are aroducts. By on again.
ly a single gvelopment o, the 9-digit sub-indiceseral 9-digit ctributed, theoportionally
e table belowe 9-digit code 9-digit codple, the threthe basket e three item
ment of the
d dishes
d dishes bas
and dishes olluscs
d dishes basects, filled, a
als and disheghetti dish, pa
ishes and
r Prices of Inket)
Page 5 of 10
ng scheme
s is compilee overall covs 84%. ThisConsequentf the goods
s been finallassigned to these mean
goods type fof this 9-digt code is givs must alwacodes are ceir assignm
y to the weig
w shows, fodes which wdes of the saee 9-digit co of goods.
ms included i
weights to t
ed on meat,
based on
ed on vegetabalso cooked
es based on pasta salad)
meals (inclu
ndustrial
0
ed, the deciserage of dom
s means thtly, no own types cont
ly determine the group o
ns, the bask
from a givenit code is re
ven the entirys be equacontained inent to the b
ghts of the b
r the goods were not incame class oodes with t The weigh
in the baske
the basket i
Amounthousa
Sales
3,037, Weighshare
meat
fish,
bles
and
pasta
uding
as pe
sion is mademestic salesat some of prices aretained in th
ed, the weigof goods whket items cov
n 4-digit codepresentativre weight of l to the weign the samp
basket itemsasket items
class 10 85luded in thef goods whihe highest hts of the oet of goods.
tems of the
nts in 1000 Eand
2015 Weig
,703
ting Bas201
0.64
0.12 0.32
0.34
0.16
1.41 2.98
er: August 2
e as to whics attained byf the produe collected he basket o
ghts of the 9hose price dver the enti
de is an eleve of the entf the 4-digit ght of the in
ple, the weis being base.
5 – Preparede basket of ch were inclweighting s
other 9-digi
4-digit code
Euro, weightin
ghting share
2.98
ket of goods5
X
X
X
019
h 9-digit GPy the 9-digitcts are notfor specificof goods is
-digit codesevelopmentre domestic
ment of thetire class of code, sincendex on theghts of theed primarily
d meals andgoods wereluded in theshare in thet items are
e (example)
ng share per
8
s Weight in ‰
0.81
0.40
1.77 2.98
P t t c s
s t c
e f e e e y
d e e e e
Method
Cha
5.18 carried oin new aggregaprice inenterpri
5.19 down todigit corepresen
Table 5.
GP no.
10-33
10 108 1081 : 1082 : 1083 : 1084 : 1085 1085 1 1085 11 1085 11 1085 13 1085 13 1085 19 1085 19 1086 : 1089 :
. Product
D.
5.20 have besurvey icombinefrom the
dical Guide oPr
apter 5 - Sam
Hence, out. The disper-thousa
tes of the wndices coulses.
The folo the basketde 10 85 wnted in the w
3: Excerpt
Ind
Produ
Produ
Food p
OtherSugar
Cocoa
Proce
Condi
PrepaPrepa
Prepa 000 Prepa Prepa 000 Prepa Other 000 Other
Homo
Other
tion value is c
Selecti
Once theen assignedtems are coed method e production
on the Indexroducts (Dom
mples
once the batribution of nd weights
weighting scd provide
lowing tablet items for gwas subdividweighting sc
from the we
dex of produ
ct
ucts of manufa
products
r food producr
a, chocolate
essed tea and
iments and s
ared meals aared meals aared meals aared meals aared meals aared meals a prepared dis prepared disgenised food
food product
confidential
ion of the e
he individuad to them, tollected on aof targeted
n statistics o
x of Producemestic Mark
P
asket of goo the non-con
s per baskeheme must indications
e is an excgoods class ded into thcheme by th
ighting sche
ucer prices oWe
acturing
cts
and sugar c
d coffee
seasonings
nd dishes nd dishes nd dishes band dishes band dishes band dishes ba
shes and meashes and mead preparation
ts n.e.c.
enterprises
al products ohe selectiona monthly b selection a
of the base y
r Prices of Inket)
Page 6 of 10
ods has beensidered 9-det item. It be kept con as to the
cerpt from t10 85 – Pre
hree 9-digit ose three 9-
eme 2015
of industrial eighting sch
2015 = 100
confectionery
ased on meaased on meaased on vegeased on vegeals (includingals (includings and dietetic
s
of the basken of firms isbasis. The sand cut-off pyear are use
ndustrial
0
en compileddigit GP codis then invnfidential. Te sales or
he final weepared meal
GP codes. -digit GP cod
products (deme 0
y
at, meat offalat, meat offaletables etables
g frozen pizza)g frozen pizza)c food
et of goods hs made fromample of reprocedure. Td as a data
as pe
, a revision es among th
vestigated wThis is the ca
price deve
ighting schels and disheHence, the
des.
omestic ma
Wot
or blood or blood
) )
have been d which the porting unitTo this endsource in ad
er: August 2
of the fine whe basket itwhich baskease when th
elopment in
eme 2015, es. The weige 4-digit cod
rket)
Weighting shoverall index thousand
determined aprices of thts is formed, the individddition to th
019
weighting istems resultset items orhe weight orn individual
subdividedght of the 4-de 10 85 is
are in the per
772,99
102,46
19,65 1,63
5,59
.
2,42
2,98 2,98 0,81 0,81 0,40 0,40 1,77 1,77
.
3,67
and weightse individual
d by using adual results
he weighting
s s r r l
d -s
s l
a s g
Method
Cha
scheme individu
5.21 item is drespectiwhethermajor donly a concententerpriinstancereportin
5.22 of the redecidedthe proConsequthere ismethod probabithan wit
5.23 basket iselectedreportinunits.
5.24 which gmanuallthe prodsales ofconcent
5.25 codes oobserveGP code
5.26 submittefrequentsubmit senterpriit simplother haper monof the reto strikeenterpri
dical Guide oPr
apter 5 - Sam
and the baual producer
In the sdetermined ve type of g
r the price dispersion wsmall numb
tration can bses besidese price surveg enterprise
After theporting firmd is the prododuction stauently, only
s much fluc in compilinlity that unith local units
The inditem. The sed than was g units sub
Conseqoods of the ly for each bduction valuf this 9-digittration for ea
The prof the basketd. The selec
es.
At the ed by an ently happensseveral pricese is to be bifies collaboand, it shounth, as othereports and te the right bse.
on the Indexroducts (Dom
mples
asket of goors for all 9-di
selection ofin a first stegoods (9-didevelopmen
was seen, a ber of entebe found in s which onlyeys are con
es is determ
he number oms to be inclduction valuatistics whi
y enterprisestuation par
ng the sampform price rs sized abov
dividual dataelection is m originally dmit regular
quently, the 9-digit codebasket itemues of the st GP code aach basket i
ocedure usedt item are mction of the
same time nterprise is s that thesee reports foburdened. Toration withld be ensurrwise the efhe willingne
balance betw
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ods. These pigit GP code
f the reportiep. The totalgit level of
nt of the baslarger numbrprises opethe steel pro
y a few smalducted withined manua
of reporting uuded in thee of the entich, howevs with a certicularly in ple. When sreports can ve this cut-o
a items are smade using determined,reports to b
selected saes of the res
m, partially aselected entas possible. tem.
d in combinmerely comb
reported un
as the sele investigatee have beenr one baske
The advantah the reported that no s
ffort this invess of the coween the nu
r Prices of Inket)
Page 7 of 10
production ses.
ing units, thl number of GP) is decisket item exber of price erates due oduction sell enterpriseh all enterprally for each
units per ba sample is mterprises. Th
ver, excludeertain minim
small localelecting a l be submitteoff limit.
sorted in dea top-down as for sev
be able to q
ample will inspective basalso taking rterprises sh The final co
ed basket itined here, anits is based
ection is maed. Particulan selected f
et item. In thge of havinging unit in single enterolves in the
ontact persoumber of en
ndustrial
0
statistics co
he number enterprises sive here. Fxhibited stro series is usto the mar
ector. This ses have smalises in this basket item
asket item hmade in a nehe data neee local unit
mum size arl units, it mocal unit whed with con
escending o approach. A
veral sectorsuickly comp
n all eventssket item arregional asp
hould cover overage wil
tems is simiand the prodd on the sam
ade, the totarly where lafor several
his case it mg one enterporganisation
rprise is reque enterprise ons to collab
terprises an
as pe
ntain the pr
of reporting with produc
Furthermore ong dispersseful. In somket structurector is domll market shsector. The
m.
as been detext step. Theded in this ts with fewe contained
makes senshich is belostancy for a
rder by prodAs a rule, ms it makes pensate for
contain there producedpects into c as high a pl vary depen
lar; the enteduction valume criteria a
tal number arge enterpbasket itemust be decid
prise submitnal and metuested to subecomes ve
borate may bnd the numb
er: August 2
roduction va
g firms for ection for sal it must be
sion in the pme economires. Exampl
minated by sares. In thes exact numb
termined, the basis on w regard are wer than 2d in the same to apply
ow the cut-oa longer per
duction valumore reportin
sense to hany losses
e largest en. The selectonsideratiopercentage nding on th
erprises of aues of all locas with the
of price rerises are co
ms or are reded to whatt several repthodical terubmit too mery high andbe impairedber of price
019
alues of the
each baskete within the consideredpast. Whereic activities,les of sucheveral largese cases forber of price-
he selectionwhich this isprovided by
20 workers.mple. Sincethis cut-off
off limit, theiod is lower
ues for eachng units areave reserveof reporting
nterprises inion is maden. All in all,of the totale degree of
all 9-digit GPcal units arepure 9-digit
ports to beoncerned, itequested tot degree theports is thatrms. On the
many reportsd the quality. The goal is reports per
e
t e d e ,
h e r -
n s y .
e f e r
h e e g
n e , l f
P e t
e t o e t e s y s r
Method
Cha
5.27 samplinchoice. targetedproductusually s
5.28 the framused safirst steselectioprocedu
E.
5.29 final steprice rep
5.30 sales coidentifiebasket i
5.31 observeselectedbasket idefine aprice repto ensucorrespoproduct versionsproduct in the re
5.32 descriptcomprischaracte
5.33 for 1,34represen
5.34 product reportinfacilitatespecificathe price
dical Guide oPr
apter 5 - Sam
Since tg-related suAs most m
d sample prion activity show simila
A fundamework of reample and cep for estabn in the cou
ure is describ
Selecti
After thep is the selepresentative
A sales onditions. Ted by a uniqtem and an
When t certain crit
d product mitem is reprea fixed prodpresentative
ure that theonds to the selected as of the good to represen
eporting unit
Once thtion of the sed of produeristics of th
The cur43 basket inted with se
An exam definition og unit’s proe unambiguation, are ae-determinin
on the Indexroducts (Dom
mples
he selectionurvey errors
markets are rovides reprregardless o
ar price deve
amentally nebasing. Thicontacting tblishing conurse of the bed in Chap
ion of the p
he basket of ection of sales.
event is theThe selectioque 11-digit additional t
the reportinteria. First o
must correspesented. Thuct from its
e should have product i general ma
as the priced not includ
nt the basket.
he reporting variant of t
uct descriptihe price repr
rrent sampleitems. Som
everal price r
mple of a deon the left-h
oduct range.uous identifi
n additionang character
x of Producemestic Mark
P
n constitute. Enterprises characterisresentative pof the firm, selopments.
ew compilais involves che newly-sentact. Existnew electioter 9 – Inde
price repres
f goods and les events b
e unit compn is made bt processingtwo-digit con
ng units maf all, the forond to the e enterprise
s product rave a major as on the mrket conditi representa
ded in the prt item on be
unit has opthe good, iion and saleresentative,
e contains 6e enterprisrepresentati
etailed deschand side o. Informationcation. The
al element. Aristics is to b
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Page 8 of 10
es a targetes with majosed by exteprice data aso that the i
tion of the comparing telected firming reportin
on are releaex calculatio
sentatives
the sampley the report
rised of preby the repog number. Tnsecutive nu
ake their sermal guideliposition in
e hence usenge which h
and stable smarket for ons of this
ative in the rice observaehalf of all g
pted for a spincluding ines condition to which the
6,800 reportes only repives, either f
cription of aof the specifn on article sales condA more detabe found in
ndustrial
0
d sample, nor market sigensive transas a rule. Cindividual lo
sample of rthe current rs. A decisiong units whsed from thn.
e of reportining units. Th
cise producorting enterpThis numberumber.
election of ines must bthe goods cs the 9-digithas to be psales significa longer pgroup of go sample sh
ation. Consegoods from t
pecific salesnformation ons constitute reported p
ing firms whport a singlfor one or fo
sales eventfication prov numbers, pitions, indicailed discusChapter 6 –
as pe
no statemengnificance asparency anhanges usuocal units w
reporting unreporting un
on sent to thhich were nheir obligatio
g units havehese sales e
t specificatiprise. Each r consists o
price repree complied classificatiot GP positiorecisely specance withineriod and ods. The pr
hould be repquently, thethe same 9-d
event, this on the salees the so-ca
price applies
hich report ale price ser
or several ba
t is shown ivides for a product descated on thesion of the Data collec
er: August 2
nts can be are selectednd free comually concern
within a mark
nits only taknits with thehese enterpnot re-incluon to report
e been deteevents are re
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Table 6.
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Page 3 of 15
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6.23 specificamonth (report thmake su
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dical Guide oPr
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.1 Start te
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6.31 need to passed manuallthe infoFederal
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6.32 to provipotentiaunits thquestionthe descEqually,
6.33 reports tquestionmonth is
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6.36 that it hdetermiconditioexplanaStatisticadjustm
6.37 online re
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6.38 prices a
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6.41 distinctilogical wSecondllarger gcontext
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6.43 to the recurrent noticed over tim
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Page 8 of 15
l that date s
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ndustrial
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since the pri
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omplete?
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019
available in
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15th of eachd out at theprovided. At received. If
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Chapte
the spedescriptable to determitelephon
6.44 proceduChapter discuss
6.45 these archecks tprice reused in
dical Guide oPr
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cification otion or the s evaluate thne the amone by the st
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Page 9 of 15
pure price cs may have necessary
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ke place inorting unit ininsufficient e usually co
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019
n the goodsn order to be
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Chapte
Table 6.
Real pri
Wag
Mate
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Change
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6.46 processit easierand imp
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2: Identifie
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019
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Chapte
E.2.2
6.47 context,basket individucarried several discretiothe latte
Table 6.
Descript
Prelimin
Price an
If the prreason m
The chathresho
6.48 observechangesprice repboth of error. Threleasedreport frwhetherthe reasthe avereach indcan the
E.3
6.49 examineobservechange productconside
6.50 reasonsconsult the prod
dical Guide oPr
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Dataset
The sec, only takes item are co
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onary and oer always ne
3: Excerpt
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nary price rep
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Page 11 of 1
verification,ual price repically exam
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causes with hese are no clarified hejustments to
ndustrial
5
, namely veports have b
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sets in conte
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er: August 2
f the individed. The price criteria. Devidual proce
The table beo distinguisssing neces
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hich deviatiof prices or discretionarex calculatioxample of ase the datation of the case, it musturred or info price reporgit GP coder by identify
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019
dual data ine series of aeviations inessing to beelow showssh betweenssary, whilst
scretionary/ ligatory error
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ions can be reasons forry error, theon. The lack
an obligatorya cannot becurrent price be verifiedormation ont as against
e. Only afterying reasons
ity test. It ischanges area real priceto the othere change is
hecking theecessary toanged as to
n a n e s n t
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s e e r s
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Method
Chapte
6.51 companreal pricprice chprice chmay notChapter adjustm
6.52 in the automatthe bougroup cabe takenwithin th
6.53 the evenwithin particulaprocess changes
6.54 correctio
F.
F.1
6.55 represenentire re
6.56 distingusection section
F.1.1
6.57 it is conreport aprices bcomplet
6.58 with sui
dical Guide oPr
er 6 – Data c
Often cny reasons, sce changes ange may bange must bt be reasoner 7 – Quality
ments.
Certain German protically becomndaries for ean be norman into accouhe interval b
The assnt of implauthe producarities of th the price res, which are
All impon is require
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It can hntatives in teporting unit
In ordeuished in a f
contains aF.1.2 deals
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Tempornceivable thany prices fo
ecause of hte reporting
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changes in tsuch as a chwhich muste caused bybe sub-divided by a quay changes w
intervals fooducer pricmes necesseach producal, whilst th
unt that it is boundaries.
sessment causibilities, sct group. Fhe individueports. The then consid
lausibilitiesed.
ularities
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happen withthe current pts are missin
er to determfirst step wha detailed dwith perman
rarily-missin
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firm.
are missingpolation ind
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the prices change to thet also be iny a change tded into a qality deviatiowill deal wit
or plausible ce statisticsary to checkct group are is can be canot possible
arried out bysince they cFor this reaal goods ggoal with pl
dered in the
must be cla
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mine the furthether the dadiscussion onently-missi
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Page 12 of 1
can be explae wage, matput as they
to the goodsuality and aon; the indeth the spec
price changs; and whek the data an separately ategorised ae by these m
y the staff acan best estason, prodroups are dlausibilisati calculation
arified prior
ction that ner report. It i
ther procedata are missof how teming data.
s can have aoncluded inalso conceiems. In this
orarily, the e price repo
ndustrial
5
ained by spterial or eney are into ths descriptiona price compex only depcific possibi
ges are deteren the intend to consudefined sincas unusual wmeans to rec
at the Federtimate the muct speciadeployed inon is ultima of the index
r to release
no price repis possible
ure when rsing tempor
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a variety of c the month,ivable that ts case, data
missing pricrt or the rep
as pe
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rmined fromrval boundlt the reportce a small chwith other pcognise erro
al Statisticamarket and lists who
n the Federately only to x and input i
of the data
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esponses ararily or permssing data
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ces in this pporting unit
er: August 2
et situationsn such caseex. On the
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particularitie
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019
s or internals, these areother hand,s. Then, the price indexs . The nexts of quality
d to the nextexceeded itonetheless,e prices in ashould also to be found
mportant inl conditions
ar with theal Office to
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subsequent
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sample.Office oknowledfor indivpossible
6.59 of tempperiod cmakes scontractextrapoldevelopincreaseused aschangesEqually,presumecompetibeing resufficien6-digit Gincorporthe actu
F.1.2
6.60 Here toobeing mabroad o
6.61 enterprithe samfor replatake qudata deunit is replacemperiods,for the c
6.62 this pricthe samsuccesscontingegoods. Tnew prochained
dical Guide oPr
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Various mopts for onedge on markvidual pricee to estimate
If it is nporarily-misscan be adopsense if no t. The probalation meth
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ual report fro
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ethods are e of these ket conditioe representae a price wh
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ng data
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t is missing mportant heprice repres
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Page 13 of 1
for the extraes. As prodducts. It is fnsult the spachieved on
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me goods tywever conditnumber of prce developme. The price on. If a new he values ca
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s that the lend, either basket item
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or the transithe new serioverlap pric
ndustrial
5
apolation; tuct specialfrequently apecialist of the market
e reporting un the markeusing suitab the collecti constant is that the pindicator seer price repa reporting terms of theket item caype show tional on anrice represe
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alculated via
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ly, the Federreplacemen
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porting unit. Replacing aespective bational perioes are repo
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unit to ascert, either theble indicatoon period,
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orted, the nes end, it is n
er: August 2
the Federacan make uwhen data eporting un
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manently-mng and the production
al Office looke produces e found. Repr 5 – Sampleablished. Ur to when thre extrapola adopted fote are used a
ment must bxisting repoing unit freqithin a repo
n terms of thfirst price reew price senecessary fo
019
l Statisticaluse of theirare missingit, and it is
e in the casehe previoust possibilitylonger-term
es. With theproduct has percentage
prise can beilar, so thattransferred.icator. It is
ments in aprice reportst item is nottance of thendicators islable again,hod.
issing data.price seriesis relocated
ks for a newproducts of
porting unitses. This mayntil the firsthe reportingated until ar the furtheras the basis
be found forrting unit inquently hasrting unit is
he system ofeport of the
eries can beor prices for
l r g s
e s y
m e s e e t . s a s t e s ,
. s d
w f s y t g a r s
r n s s f e e r
Method
Chapte
both prregardedproceduunit is unew repthe furth
6.63 basket current within thimmedia
6.64 price securrent m
F.2
6.65 include considetempora
6.66 all to behere, amthe begicases. T
6.67 prices, mfluctuatiavailablavailabl
6.68 season ongoingand t1+1overall pelementevaluateexcludereal pricdifferen
dical Guide oPr
er 6 – Data c
oducts to bd as constit
ure in overlaunable to finorting unit.
her procedu
In ordeitems for wcalculation he basket iteately.
In geneeries or repomarket situa
Treatme
Particul products thrable price
arily-missing
In the ce found in thmongst otheinning of th
The prices fa
Price chmeaning thions. The pe; price chae on the ma
The folstarts in pe
g season is 12; the lastprice changt (pQ) and ae the qualitd from the r
ce change isce of the pro
on the Indexroducts (Dom
collection
be availabletuting a qua
ap pricing annd a replace Until this hare is identic
r to make it which a mon
of the indexem are lost,
eral terms, aorting unitsation and th
ent of seaso
larities in thhe main salfluctuations
g data which
context of thhe clothing
er things. The season; n
all over time
hanges of aat the price
prices for thanges are harket once m
lowing figureriod t1. Thedetermined
t observed e p of p12-a price elemty differencreported pris calculated oduct of the
x of Producemestic Mark
P
e in one peality differennd other posement prodas been founal with that
easier to renthly price rx, but they c these reser
an increasin, can be reat it makes
onal product
he data coles time of ws over the yh can be obs
e producer sphere. Batese productew product until the wa
a fixed baske changes ohis are extrhence not dmore.
re shows the prices grad
in t1+6. Thprice is extr-p6 is observent pure ane of the prce of t1+12 from the di new as aga
r Prices of Inket)
Page 14 of 1
eriod. The pnce. Chaptessibilities touct for the mnd, the price followed if a
eplace lost preport takescan be integrve reports c
ng number ogarded as a sense to re-
ts
llection can which is wityear. Seasoserved regul
price statistthing fashiots are chara lines and n
arehouse sto
ket are portrof seasonal rapolated inepicted unt
he typical pdually fall ine product irapolated uved at this td simple (roduct betw in order to ifference be
ainst the old
ndustrial
5
price differeer 7 – Qualo deal with missing price reports fora complete r
price series, s place. Thegrated at shocan be incor
of data lossa sign that -establish th
be observethin a limitenal productlarly each ye
tics, examplon items andcterised by
new designsocks are sold
rayed when products a
n the periotil the next
rice developn the follows not manu
until the nextime which pE). To this e
ween the peobtain a pritween p12 a season.
as pe
nce betweeity changes changes in ce series, it r the producreporting un
there are reese reports ort notice. Ifporated into
es, regardlethe basket
he samples b
ed with seaed period, os are freque
ear in a simil
les of seasod winter coaprices which
s are introdud off at the e
calculatingre also to bd during wseason as s
pment of a wing periods
factured in xt price repomust be su
end it is neceriods t1 ance that is cond p6, minu
er: August 2
en the two s discusses quality. If th is necessar
ct are also exnit is lost.
eserve series are not inpf individual o the further
ess of whetht no longer by rebasing
asonal prodor which areently a spelar manner.
onal productats could beh are freque
uced every yend of the s
g the index be input wit
which a prosoon as the
seasonal ps; the last p the time beort in perio
ubdivided incessary to asnd t1+12. Tomparable w
us the evalua
019
products isthe precise
he reportingry to seek axtrapolated;
s for severalput into theprice series
r calculation
her they arereflects the.
ucts. Thesee subject tocial case of
ts are abovee mentionedently high atyear in mosteason.
of producerth their realduct is not
e product is
product. Theprice for theetween t1+6d t1+12. Anto a quality
scertain andThis is thenwith p6. Theated quality
s e g a ;
l e s n
e e
e o f
e d t t
r l t s
e e 6 n y d n e y
Method
Chapte
Figure 6
6.69 thereforWith clodesign athe startcomparato meas
6.70 extrapolnext seareal pric
p6
p1
p1
dical Guide oPr
er 6 – Data c
.3
In ordere be first of othing, for inand style, cot of each seable. This is
sure the qua
In praclated unchaason, the rece change is
Price
6
12
1
on the Indexroducts (Dom
collection
Treatme
er to ascertaf all clarifiednstance, theorresponds teason must s contingentlity share of
ctice, the anged at theegistered pri included in
Pric
t1
x of Producemestic Mark
P
nt of season
ain the right whether or
e question ato a change be ascertain on precise
f a change.
usual procee end of the ice change the index c
e developm
t
r Prices of Inket)
Page 15 of 1
nal products
t way to der not the gooarises of wh in quality. Dned and eva product spe
edure with season; if tis sub-divid
calculation.
ment in sea
t1+6
∆pQ
∆pE
ndustrial
5
s
al with prodods are of thether a newDifferences aluated in oecifications
seasonal the new pro
ded into a q
asonal prod
t1+1
Q
E
as pe
ducts outsidhe same quaw fashion lin
between therder to makebeing availa
clothing isducts appeauality and a
ducts
12
∆p
er: August 2
de the seasality in the nne, entailinge individual
ke the two pable in orde
s that the ar on the ma price com
Ti
019
son, it mustnext season.g changes in products atroduct lines
er to be able
prices arearket in theponent; the
ime
t .
n t s e
e e e
Method
Chapte
7. Qua A. B. C. A.
7.1 the conperiod arepresencalculat
7.2 that thespecificanominalboth the
7.3 change
7.4 index si
7.5 high deproductsfor with time.
7.6 of produproductbe obseFirstly, twhilst, sto reasopossibil
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
ality chan
IntroduAdjustmWhen d
Introdu
To ascetext of the are providentatives areed from the
The price products ation and thl price chane price chan
The rep(pE) and a
[Formul
With
It is vitance this onl
In selecegree of reps over a lon which, whe
Changeucts. This is ion methodserved continhe reportingsecondly, coons for the lities to adju
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
ges
uction ment methdoes which
uction
ertain the inddata collecd to the Fee then inp prices obse
ce index is tare compa
he sales coge (meaningge and the c
ported price quality chan
la 7.1]
p : obs
Ep : realdete
Qp : pric
al here that y reflects th
cting the pripresentativenger period ere possible
es in quality for instancs or changesnually, musg firms reporonsiderable deviations.ust to quality
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ods with quh method m
dex of the pction for defederal Statisut into the
erved in com
to depict a rarable, meanditions. Wg the price dchanged qua
change (p)nge (pQ), a
Epp
served price
l price chaermining ch
ce change ca
a change in e pure price
ce represenness, that tand are pro, no change
must nonee due to thes in customest be recogrt changes in price chang. Dependingy are applied
r Prices of Inket)
Page 1 of 11
uality chanmake sense
roducer pricfined sales stical Office
e index calmparison to t
real price chaning that n
When price-ddifference bality.
) can be subnd can be p
Qp
change betw
ange betwaracteristics
aused by a q
the quality e change.
ntatives, thethe selecte
oduced at a es to the pro
theless be ae introductioers’ tastes o
gnised and n the produ
ges lead to eg on the nad.
ndustrial
1
nges e?
ces of indus events, thee. The measlculation. Tthe price of
ange over tino change
determining etween the
b-divided intortrayed by
ween two pe
ween two ps quality chan
of the produ
reporting ud sales eve similar quaoduct specif
accommodaon of new por in fashion
accommodact specificatenquiries beature of the
as pe
trial produce prices cursurements ohe individuthe base pe
me. It must has taken characterist
new and ol
to two eleme the followin
eriods
periods wit
ge between
uct may not
units are to eents are incality. Producfications are
ated over timroducts, to . These quaated when tions directlyeing made toe change, va
er: August 2
cts (domestirrently achieof the indiv
ual measureeriod.
t be ensured place in ttics have chd sales eve
ents, that isng formula.
th compar
two periods
lead to a ch
ensure, in acluded in thcts are theree to be antic
me with a lanew technolity changescalculating
ly in the mono the reportarious proc
019
12
10
c market) ineved in thevidual priceements are
d to this endthe producthanged, thents) reflects
s a real price
able price-
s
hange in the
ddition to ahe range ofefore lookedcipated over
arge numberologies, news, which can
g the index.nthly report,ing firms asedures and
2 0
n e e e
d t e s
e
-
e
a f
d r
r w n . , s d
Method
Chapte
7.7 specificaspecificaconditiochange charactevolume
7.8 events. product Statisticadjustmof data collectio
7.9 specificaseries. Dvarious rules anunits ma
B.
B.1
7.10 aid of wcomponchange reported
7.11 technicaspecificasales evcomparibe regarprices bmonth’sin the bthe basprevious
7.12 producecomparabase pri
1 In the e
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
A precoation for eaations may
ons. Examplein the mat
eristics of thsold or in th
The proWith each t or of the sa
cal Office. Thments are to
have beenon).
This chations in thDifferent postypes as tod requireme
akes sense.
Adjust
Overvie
Variouswhich a subnent. A chan
in quality. Td change ind
Quality al point of vation. The cvent had obing this pricrded as a q
by the markes price. This ase period i
se price, thes month.
The exed in period able previouice of the pr
example: p0 (
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
ondition forach individu be due eithes of the forterial compohe products.he freight ba
oduct speciftype of chanales conditiohere it is debe impleme
n compiled
hapter adde sample, assibilities of how they cents as to w
ment meth
ew
s methods ob-division cange in the pThis sub-divdividually.
correction view by asccomparable btained, or e with the pualitative coet. A fictitio states at wif it had unde comparab
ample in th t3, whilst prus month’s roduct A2 in
(A2) = 14/11
x of Producemestic Mark
P
r the recogual price reher to chanrmer would bosition with. Changes in
asis for the tr
fications arenge in the sons, it is a mecided in eaented. This c
for the var
resses the and the conf quality adjcan be used
with what pri
ods with q
of quality coan be maderice index mvision is freq
in the Germertaining a previous mwould haverice report o
omponent sus base prihat price th
dergone the ble previous
he followingrice reports fprice in peri period t0 by
0*100 = 12.7
r Prices of Inket)
Page 2 of 11
gnition of chepresentativges in the be an increa
h clothing. Tn the sales cransaction o
e determinedspecificationmatter for thach individucannot take rious items
various wnsequences ustment are
d sensibly. Cce changes
uality chan
orrection aree of the nommay only be quently diff
man produce comparableonth’s price
e obtained, of the originsince both pce is calcule qualitativ same prices month’s p
g table depfor product Aiod t2 is usey dividing by
73
ndustrial
1
hanges in te. In genergoods descase in the enThese are tconditions iobserved.
d by the repns, regardlese reporting
ual case acc place in ma of the goo
ways to dea for the meae shown, anChapter 6 – an enquiry
nges
e used in theminal price caused by
ficult and m
er price state previous me is understo
on the maral product, t
product variaated with thely-changed
e changes asprice is div
picts this mA2 can be a
ed for produy the measu
as pe
the quality al terms, chription or tongine powertherefore chnclude for in
porting firmsss of whethunits to rep
cording to wany cases unods basket
al with chaasurements d then exam Data collecand clarifica
e producer pchange intoa pure priceakes it nece
tistics is camonth’s pricood to be thrket in the the differencations were he aid of thd product wos the originaided by the
method. Proscertained ict A2 in ord
urement of p
er: August 2
is a detailhanges in to changes ir of a motor hanges to tnstance cha
s for the seler it is a ch
port them to which procedntil the indiv(cf. Chapte
anges in t of the indiv
mples are shction dealt wation with th
price statisto a price ane change, aessary to pr
rried out froce for the nhe price whprevious pece between accepted ae comparabould have bal product. Te measurem
oduct A1 isin periods t2
der to obtainproduct A1 i
019
led productthe productin the sales vehicle or ahe physicalanges in the
lected salesange of the the Federaldure qualityvidual itemser 6 – Data
he productvidual price
hown for thewith specialhe reporting
ics with thend a qualitynd not by arocess each
om a purelynew productich the new
eriod. When the two cant the stated
ble previousbeen offeredTo calculatement of the
s no longer2 and t3. Then a fictitiousn period t2
1.
t t s a l
e
s e l y s a
t e e l
g
e y a h
y t
w n n d s d e e
r e s .
Method
Chapte
The meawith pro
Table 7.
Period
Product
Product
7.13 on the qthem mavailablcorrectiofrom thecases.
7.14 price difa real pra sub-di
B.2
7.15 comparimeans fperiod tbe undepreviouswithout
Tabl
Period
Price pr
Price pr
Measur
7.16 one pric
2 The com
case.
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
asurement ioduct A2 in p
1: Price
Price
t A1 10
t A2 12.73
The comquality corre
makes sensee. Also the on method. e market, a
When cfference p rice elementivision with
Direct p
The firsison. This sfor the exam2 to product
erstood as asly impleme there being
le 7.2: Direc
roduct A
roduct B
rement produ
In the ece series dep
mparable pre
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
in period t3 period t0 is t
e series with
t0
Measureme
1
1
mparable prection methoe in each in flexibility o If a new procombination
comparing th is to be subt (pE). It is pQ0 and
price compa
st possibilitimplifies by
mple in the t B in perioda complete rented witho
g an interrup
ct price com
uct A/B
example in tpicting a qua
evious month
x of Producemestic Mark
P
for product he price asc
h quality cha
ent Price
00 10
00
revious monod used. Thendividual caf the marke
oduct is launn of quality
he price repob-divided fronecessary topE0.
rison
ty to sub-dy presuming table below
d t3 corresporeplacementout adjustmtion in the p
mparison
t0
10
(10)
100
the table, boalitatively-id
’s price calcu
r Prices of Inket)
Page 3 of 11
A2 can hencertained by
ange
t1
Measuremen
100
nth’s price ce most impoase very larets exerts a nched as a change and
orts of the nom one perioo distinguis
ivide the pg that no quw that the tonds to a reat of productent. There
price series.
1
1
oth price sedentical prod
ulated by the
ndustrial
1
nce be calcuy retrograde
nt Price M
0 11
14
can be calcuortant methrgely depen major influreplacemen
d pure price
new and old od to the ne
sh between t
price increauality changtotal price dal price chant A and the is a substit
t1
10
00
ries of prodduct over all
described me
as pe
ulated. The extrapolatio
t2
Measurement
110
110
ulated in vaods are des
nds on the ence on the
nt for one wh increase ca
products inext into a quthe possibil
se is the mge is to be odifference nge. Hence, calculation tution of pr
t2
12
(12)2
120
ucts A and l periods.
ethod is state
er: August 2
value printeon.
t Price Me
-
15
arious ways,scribed belo
additional e decision fhich has bean be observ
n a period, thuality elemen
ities pQ=0
method of observed (p=1 from p
the new prof the priceroduct A by
B are comp
ed in brackets
019
ed in italics
t3
easurement
117.8
, dependingw. Which ofinformation
for a qualityen removedved in most
he observednt (pQ) and, pE=0 and
direct pricepQ=0). Thisproduct A inoduct B can
e index is asy product B
t3
13
130
iled to form
s in each
s
g f
n y d t
d d d
e s n n s B
m
Method
Chapte
7.17 be direca very slof clothiis howev
B.3
7.18 price chand probetweenbe obset3 and thpQ mus
Table 7.
Period
Price pr
Price pr
Measur
7.19 the priceother wofrom proaid of thprice for
7.20 betweenanother
B.4
7.21 periods.It is for ispecial the packdivided
7.22 the prevthe evecomparaproduct
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
A directctly ascertainlight influening is manufver no longe
Chainin
Whilst thange at conduct B is can the perioderved from phe price of st not have a
3: Chai
roduct A
roduct B
rement produ
The exae which is oords no pricoduct A in t2
his presumpr product B,
The men the old an quality corr
Change
An adju. In this casinstance concampaign ckaging size into the pric
Volumevious monthnt that the able previou A1 from per
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
t price compned and if tce, on the pfactured at ter available
ng
the direct prnstant qualiaused exclus
s is to be aseriod t2 to pproduct A inan impact o
ining (price
uct A/B
ample in thebserved in p
ce increase t
2 to product ption, it is p and hence t
thod of chad new prod
rection proce
e in quantity
ustment is e, it is not tnceivable thcould be impis decisive
ce pure incre
e changes ch; by these m unit numbeus month’s riod t2, mult
x of Producemestic Mark
P
parison makhe new prod
product qualthe same qubecause of
rice comparity, it is pres
sively by thescribed to
period t3 sincn period t2 in the ascert
increase int
t0
10
(15)
100
e table makeperiod t3 is ptakes place B in t3 is ca
possible by the measure
ining shoulducts, and noedure.
y
also necesshe quality oat larger or
plemented win ascertainease per item
an be takenmeans, the cer has chanprice for proiplied by the
r Prices of Inket)
Page 4 of 11
kes sense if tduct differs lity. One exauality in the a new fashio
ison presumsumed in che change in pQ. The conce the differis caused bytained price
terpreted as
1
1
es it clear thpresumed to between peused by an retrograde ement to be
d only be uso additional
sary if the pof the produsmaller pacwhere moreing a unit pm and the in
n into accoucomparablenged. In theoduct A2 ine unit volum
ndustrial
1
the comparaonly in area
ample of thi new seasonon line.
mes that thehaining thatthe productsequence o
rence betwey a change index for pe
quality cha
t1
10
00
at, in the cao be the comeriods t2 andimprovemenextrapolatio used for pe
sed if there il information
prices relatect that has ckaging is us content is
price. An obsncrease bec
unt by multie previous me example c period t2 is
me of produc
as pe
able previouas which havs would be c
n, but the va
price differ the differen quality; thef this is thaten the pricein the quali
eriod t3.
nge only)
t2
12
(18)2
120
alculation fomparable pred t3 (pE=0)nt in the quaon to calculariod t3.
s a considen is availabl
e to differenchanged, bused for a cersold per salserved priceause of cha
iplication ofmonth’s pricecontained ins calculatedct A2.
er: August 2
us month’s pve no influeclothing, wh
ariant of the
rence is basnce betweee entire prict no price in
e for productity. This qua
or product B evious mont. The price ality of pQ=ate a compa
erable qualitle on the ap
nt volume uut the sales rtain producles unit. In
e increase mnged sales v
f the prices e can be ascn the table from the u
019
price cannotnce, or only
here an item last season
ed on a realn product Ae difference
ncrease is tot B in periodality change
t3
18
120
in period t2,
th’s price, inincrease p
=6. With thearable base
ty differencepplication of
units in two conditions.t; equally, asuch cases,
must be sub-volumes.
per item ofcertained in below, thenit price for
t y
m n
l A e o d e
, n p e e
e f
o .
a , -
f n e r
Method
Chapte
Table 7.
Period
Price pr
Price pr
Measur
7.23 limited ca compalinear defixed prfunctionproduceto exist product
7.24 in someadditionfixed coproduct
7.25 when it significa
B.5
7.26 for boththe priceprevious
7.27 replacedto produ(pQ) anproductsthat the price dicomponproduct retrograin period
Table 7.
Period
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
4: Chan
roduct A1 (4 i
roduct A2 (5 i
rement produ
As simcases. Simparable priceependence rice elementn in very rareed at lower ubetween theion.
For thise cases. To tnal unit quasts of produion conside
This me comes to
ant when ma
Overlap
In the m products ine difference s month’s p
In the ed by productuct B in perind a real pris, products price differfference is
nent pure an A in periodde extrapolad t3.
5: Over
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
nge in quant
items)
items)
uct A
ple as this ply multiplyine. A mathemof the quants. With gooe cases. Dueunit costs ase price per u
s reason, a sthis end, th
antities incluuction are ered.
ethod of quaslight changajor changes
p pricing
method of ovn a period. B between thrice can hen
example in Tt B. All in alliod t3. This pice element A and B canence in thishence sub-d simple fro
d t2, a fictitiation. This is
rlap pricing
x of Producemestic Mark
P
tity
t0
10
(12,50)
100
method mang the unit pmatical conntities from tods producte to the econs the amoununit sold and
somewhat ce resources
uded in the liminated fr
ality correctiges in the s occur.
verlap pricinBoth producem was acc
nce be direct
Table 7.5, pl, a price difprice differe (pE). Sinc
n be directly period is ca-divided intoom period t2
ous base prs used to fo
t0
r Prices of Inket)
Page 5 of 11
1
1
ay seem, it prices with tnection is pthe price wittion, the conomies of scnt increasesd the unit vo
changed fors used for p calculation
rom the furth
ion is only aquantity, si
ng, the pricects have beecepted by thtly observed
product A is fference p=ence (p) mue in period
y compared waused by theo a quality
2 to period t3
rice of prodrm the basis
ndustrial
1
t1
10
00
can howevthe new quapresumed wthout accomost functioncale achieves. Therefore,olume which
m of this quroduction a with largerher calculat
applied in thnce further
e reports oveen on the me market as
d.
no longer p=6 can be obust now be t2 it was powith one ane quality dif component
3 of pE=1. Wuct B for ba
s for calcula
t1
as pe
t2
12
(15)2
120
er only be antities doeswhich as a fmmodating fu
is only chaed, in most c, a linear deh in most ca
uantitative are evaluatedr sales unitsions and on
he German p influencing
erlap, meanarket in par a quality di
produced inbserved fromsub-divided
ossible to caother in this
fference betwt, valuated With the aid ase period tting the mea
t2
er: August 2
put to senss not necessfunction profurther depearacterised cases, the p
ependence iases does no
adjustment d and their s. By these nly the varia
producer pricg factors be
ing that therallel for a cifference. A
period t3, am product Ad into a quaalculate prics period. It iween the prat pQ=5, a of the meast0 can be caasurement o
019
t3
18
144
sible use insarily reflectovides for andencies or by a linearproducts ares presumedot exist with
is preferredcost for themeans, theble costs of
ce statisticsecome more
re is a pricecertain time;comparable
and is to beA in period t2
lity elementces for boths presumed
roducts. Theand a pricesurement ofalculated byof product B
t3
n t a r r e d h
d e e f
s e
e ; e
e
2 t
h d e e f y B
Method
Chapte
Price pr
Price pr
Measur
7.28 divided attempt quality. they onl
7.29 in the pspecial which reconsequby differempty aand henprice cavaluatedideal caproducts
B.6
7.30 of whichobserveprice of are obsnumber higher-aserve aswhich a
Tabl
Period
Price pr
Price pr
Price pr
Price pr
Price pr
Price pr
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
roduct A
roduct B
rement produ
The adv by simple c should ther This is freqly report one
One asproduct life cprice policy
eplace one auence of thirences in qu
any warehounce the priceampaigns ond too low, aase, the tras are in a ma
Matche
In the mh has chan both produ the new proerved with of price ob
aggregated gs a referencell providers
le 7.6: Matc
roduct A1
roduct A2
roduct B
roduct C
roduct D
roduct E
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
uct A/B
vantage of calculation inrefore alwayuently not p
e price for ea
pect to be jucycle is not cy when introanother are s is that the
uality. If for use stocks oe increase bn the introdand hence ansition fromarket balanc
ed model
method of thged, whilst ucts in the oduct, the pthis metho
bservations groups. It ise for the pricof a product
ched Model
x of Producemestic Mark
P
8
(11.33)
100
this methonto the elemys be made tpossible untach period.
udged as a dconsidered wducing or rehence not id
e special priinstance proon introductbetween t2 auction of pr
a higher pricm product Ace.
he matched m in contradisame perio
price conducd of quality in the grou presumed t
ce change oft can assert
t1
10
r Prices of Inket)
Page 6 of 11
1
1
d lies in thments of theto overlap thtil enquiries
disadvantagwhen the pr
emoving a pdentical andice fluctuatioduct A hastion of the nand t3 will broduct B, thce increase A to produc
model, onceistinction to
od. In order ct developmy correctionup, these mthat the avef this produc similar pric
ndustrial
1
10
25
he fact that e quality chahe price reps have been
ge in this meroduct is cha
product; the d are not conons in the o a particularnew productbe assessede differenceis measured
ct B should
e more a proo overlap pr to calculat
ments of the . Depending
may be eitheerage percenct. This prese changes.
t2
12
(21/1.175
10
8
8
12
as pe
12
17
150
the price dange and theorts in the e made of re
ethod is if thanged. Man price mechnsidered in toverlapping rly low pricet B, pQ wil too low. By
e pQ betwed from perio take place
oduct is replricing it woue a comparother produg on the tyer the 9-digntage changsupposes an
5)
er: August 2
difference ce pure priceevent of a cheporters sin
he state of tny enterpriseanisms of ththe overlap period are oe in period tl be valuatey contrast, w
een the two od t2 to perie at a time
aced by oneuld not be rable previoucts in the gype of produgit GP codesge within then ideal good
t3
21
12
8
10
15
019
18
158.8
can be sub- change. An
hange in thece as a rule
he productses operate ahe products pricing. Theonly caused2 in order to
ed too high,with special products isiod t3. In an when both
e the qualitypossible to
ous month’sgoods groupuct and thes or indeede group cans market on
-n e e
s a s e d o , l s n h
y o s p e d n n
Method
Chapte
7.31 productsextrapolperiod tpreviousreports o
7.32 are not periods.developthe missapplied homogeof price correctioseries mprice seGP code
B.7
7.33 describequality valuatedoptions price ofqualitatproduct
Table 7.
Period
Price pr
Price pr
Measur
7.34 against the comcharacte
3 In the eAverage [pB(t3)/pB
ComparapA2(t3)/ a
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
The exas B, C, D alation of thet2 is calculas month’s pof product A
It must subject to a. This would
pment that wsing price, a if a suffici
eneous price series withon. Depend
make sense eries are avae, would hav
Option
The use the changecharacterist
d in terms are individuf product A ively-compa B. This calc
7: Opti
roduct A
roduct B
rement produ
In the eproduct A a
mparable peristics of th
example: percentage p
B(t2)+ pC(t3)/pable previousverage perce
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
ample in theand E from e price takeated by pre
price in perioA1 and produ
be taken inany exceptiod be conceivwas untypicand would eent numbe
e developmein a producing on the g as a basis
ailable withive to be used
prices
e of the opes in qualitytics for theof price. In
ually valuate in period t
arable produculated price
on prices
uct A/B
example conat 3.5; after arevious mo
he new prod
price developmC(t2)+ pD(t3)/p month’s pric
entage price d
x of Producemestic Mark
P
e table 7.6 s period t2 ts place from
esuming theod t2 to the uct A2 is ach
to account wonal price fluvable if an eal for this pexert a stronr of further ent can be oct group, thegeneral pric to ascertain an item od in order to
ption price y between th follow-up the event
ed with the ct2. Thus oneuct in perioe brings abo
t0
10
(12.92)
100
ntained in thadding this nth’s price uct.
ment = pD(t2)+ pE(t3)/pce product A2development
r Prices of Inket)
Page 7 of 11
shows that to period t3
m product Ae same per observed phieved.
when using uctuations tenterprise o
product groung influencer price serieobserved wie matched me developmin the avera
of the goodso supplemen
procedure he old produproduct. Th
that producorrespondie receives t
od t2, the pout an overla
1
1
he table, the amount to t of 15.5 f
pE(t2)]/4 = 1.12(t2) = = 21/1.175 =
ndustrial
1
the average3 is transferA2; the comrcentage prrice in perio
the matcheto calculate operated a sup would alse on it. Furthes of this pithin this prmodel meth
ment within aage percentas basket, a hnt the compa
is contingeuct A and thhese changeuct B has aing prices, wthe comparrice of whic
ap of reports
t1
10
00
e additional the price of for product
175
= 17.9
as pe
e percentagerred to prodparable pre
rice change od t3. Thus,
ed model me the average
special priceso be input hermore, th
product is aroduct grouphod should na product grage price dhigher aggrearable previ
nt on the pe new proded featuresdditional eq
which in turnrable previoch can be ds for product
t2
12
(15.5)
120
options of pproduct A inB in perio
er: August 2
e price deveduct A23. Aevious mont from the an overlap
ethod that te price chane policy. Het into the cae method is
available anp. With a smnot be usedroup, at leaevelopment
egate, such ous month’
possibility tuct B as ind
s of producquipment itn are addedous month’sdirectly comt B.
product B arn period t2 ood t2 with
019
elopment ofA retrogradeth’s price incomparableof the price
he productsnge in thesence, a price
alculation ofs only to bend a largelymall numberd for qualityast ten pricet. If too few as a 6-digits price.
to preciselydividual newt B can betems, these to form the
s price of ampared with
t3
18
139.3
re valued asone receives
the quality
f e n e e
s e e f e y r y e w t
y w e e e a h
s s y
Method
Chapte
7.35 is frequethe stanOne migthe stan(linear c
7.36 characteevaluatilater. It equipmethat theinstallatreason, quality c
7.37 on the indispen
B.8
7.38 The basby an exagainst contingeto deterreports.
7.39 qualificareportindelimitatheir owsegmenestimateassessmopinion-possibilqualitat
Table 7.
Period
Price pr
Price pr
Measur
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
The optently replacndard equipght for instanndard equipmchange) or b
Problemeristics. In ton which wis presumedent constitu
e standard ition as stan frequently ocomponent.
In eachpart of th
nsable.
Expert a
A furtheis for this prxpert or grou
the originaent on the prmine a com
With thations and g the price
ated situatiown product t is normalle. This meth
ments of the-formers onlities exist toive terms.
8: Expe
roduct A
roduct B
rement produ
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
tion price med by a dire
pment whichnce think ofment of the y multiplica
ms are caushe case of t
were obtainad with this m
utes special nstallation dard canno
only a part o
case, the uhe price pr
assessment
er type of qrocedure is fup of expertal product ersons conc
mparable pr
his methodassessmen
e. For this ons; the expto improve
ly not subjehod is contine expert. Bec price deveo calculate
ert assessme
uct A/B
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ethod is appect successoh must be ef side airbag new model tion (percen
ed in the methe automob
able in the omethod that wishes or sof certain et be compa
of the additio
use of this mrocessor. In
t
uality correcformed by ths which caninto a qua
cerned havinrevious mon
, the adjusts of a perreason, the
pert of the d quality ch
ect to any sngent on thecause of thelopments oa comparab
ent
t0
10
(13,33)
100
r Prices of Inket)
Page 8 of 11
plied in pracor. The followevaluated segs or metalli must be assntage chang
ethod of opbile industryold model ast the additiostandard eq
equipment itared with theonal costs (i
method requntensive co
ction can tahe subjectivn sub-divideality compong both marnth’s price,
stment of rson or groe procedurereporting unharacteristicurprising flue respectivee great degrof a sector, ble previous
1
1
ndustrial
1
ctice in the aw-up model eparately asc paint becosigned price
ge).
tion prices y, for instans special eqonal costs aquipment. Atems causese installatioin practice m
ires a great ntact with
ake place wve assessme the changenent and a
rket and pro and hence
the price iup of persoe is only tnit will genecs. It is impuctuations we price proceee of subjecthis method
s month’s pr
t1
10
00
as pe
automobile mostly has to a neces
oming standes, either by
by the evaluce, options
quipment or are identical dditionally, s the cost p
on of an addmostly 50%)
degree of tethe respec
ith the aid oent and evalued price of tha pure pricduct knowle achieve ov
is completeons mostly o be recomerally attribportant abowhich theseessor being ctivity and dd should onrice of the p
t2
12
(16)
120
er: August 2
industry. He additional sary quality
dard. These ay adding a fix
uation of the can be incl
r which coull no matter w it is necessper item to ditional opti) is accomm
echnical undctive report
of expert asuation of prhe follow-upce componeedge in ordeverlapping o
ely depend belonging mmended iute a price
ove all that e experts ar able to unddependencenly be usedproduct whic
019
ere, a modelfunctions in
y correction.additions inxed amount
e additionalluded in thed be addedwhether thesary to notefall, so thation. For thisodated as a
derstandingting unit is
ssessments.ice changes
p product asent. This iser to be ableof the price
ent on theto the firmn narrowly- increase inthe market
e unable toderstand thee on specific if no otherch is new in
t3
18
135
l n .
n t
l e d e e t s a
g s
. s s s e e
e m
-n t o e c r
n
Method
Chapte
7.40 A in perprice of
B.9
7.41 The hedaid of aindividuportrayeprice-deindividuthat hav
7.42 to achiecorrespoobservet2 and t3
Table 7.
Period
Price pr
Price pr
7.43 methodsa regresto as shcharacte
7.44 the indebuilt updetermidetermicharactechange.
7.45 rapid teprice recharactecan alwrequires
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
In the eriod t2 and p product B in
Hedoni
All the qdonic methoa mathematual price-infed in mathemetermining cual periods bve actually b
As the eeve a doubonding period price of o forms the b
9: Hedo
roduct A
roduct B
To calcs. Firstly, the
ssion model,hadow priceeristics, and
It is alsex value for p which howning characning characeristics, the
The prochnological
eport of a eristics mus
ways only bes large amou
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
example in tproduct B in n period t2 o
cs
quality correod is charactical procedfluencing chmatical termcharacteristiby comparin
been observe
example in ble overlappods are calcne product
basis for the
onics
culate the fe procedure, in which th
es. They cond the calcula
o possible t a certain pewever depiccteristics ancteristics dee regression
ocedure of hl change anstandard p
st be quantie estimatedunts of high-
x of Producemestic Mark
P
he table, the period t3 atf 16.
ection proceterised by p
dure. It is sharacteristic
ms with the aics. It becomng the hedoed.
the table shping of theculated for twith the res calculation
t1
10
fictitious pre of imputatihe regressionstitute the ation of the f
to use a timeriod is asccts not the nd the timeepict the m coefficient
hedonics isd with whic
product oveifiable, mea values whi-quality data
r Prices of Inket)
Page 9 of 11
e expert evat 4 (pQ=4);
edures descrprice and qusupposed hcs can be aid of a funcmes possibnically-calcu
hows, an atte price repothe old andspectively ca of price dev
rices, hedonion can be an coefficienprice evalu
fictitious pri
e dummy incertained. Al
price, but te. The indi
monetary vat for the tim
applied pach a reportiner several aning that thich require a and makes
ndustrial
1
aluated the q; this gives u
ribed aboveuality compere that wimeasured action depictible to calcuulated price
tempt is maorts. To this for the newalculated prvelopment.
t2
12
PB
nics in prinapplied. Here
ts of the indation of a cce of the pro
n calculatinglso with thisthe price chvidual regrlue of the
me depicts
articularly wng firm will periods. Fuhey must beconstant su
s major dem
as pe
quality diffeus a compa
have a highonents beinth the prod
and evaluating the pricelate the pus with certa
de with thes end, fictitw products. rice of the o
nciple provide, price P is dividual chachange in thoduct is carr
g the regresss procedurehange as a ession coefquality chathe assess
with producthence have
urthermore, e measurabupervision a
mands on sta
er: August 2
erence betwerable previo
h degree of sng ascertainduct specifited. The pre in dependre price cha
ain qualities
e aid of the ctious prices The compa
other produc
t3
PA
18
des two m calculated b
aracteristics he manifestaried out dire
sion model. , a regressio function officients forange of thement of the
ts which aree a hard tim
the price-dble. The pricand improveaff.
019
een productous month’s
subjectivity.ed with thecations the
rice can beence on theange in the with prices
calculationss P for therison of the
ct in periods
athematicalby means of are referredation of the
ectly.
In this way,on model isf the price-r the price-e individuale real price
e subject tome making a
determiningce functionsement. This
t s
. e e e e e s
s e e s
l f
d e
, s --l
e
o a g s s
Method
Chapte
7.46 calculatpresumpregardedand calhedonic
7.47 These aron priciclassificHence, makes sthe appquality problem
7.48 market) data pro
C.
7.49 decided
7.50 which aquality cOne muspecific others aviewed a
7.51 must bedifferenused asthe priceproduct series o
7.52 compari
7.53 conditioand theascertaistandardprovide
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
Hedoniion of the pptions haved as an opticulations a
c techniques
The indre therefore ng. Equally
cation of thone should
sense. Informpropriate me
correction tms of individ
When c in the Fede
ocessing app
When d
Sectiond which of th
Not eacadditional incorrection c
ust also take group takesare simpler and dealt w
If qualie individuallces in the s a replaceme reports by can thus bf measurem
An oveison, as wel
It is notons and the e environmen the best d products a rule regar
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
cs appears prices and o
e to be madmum solutiore needed
s is consider
dividual cha subjective e
y, the precise manifesta
d consider imation is prethod of qutakes placeual product
calculating ral Republicpliances and
does which
n B describehe methods
ch of the abnformation can be conse into consis place reguto implemeith individua
ty differencly examinedales conditi
ment or whet ascertainin
be connecteents is crea
erview of thl as a possib
t possible tosectoral par
ent. Each quprocedure iwhich are t
rding the me
x of Producemestic Mark
P
to be an oof the indic
de in order on for each in order to
rable.
racteristics evaluations se sub-divisations of chn the run-uovided on th
uality correce with the as.
the index oc of Germanyd electronic
h method m
ed the varioare to be us
bove methodis available
sidered whicideration whularly or tendnt. It is alwally, regular
es occur wid, regardlessions. After itther it is a ng a comparad to the prited.
he advantable applicat
o determinerticularities uality changn each cas
to be foundethod to be u
r Prices of Inket)
Page 10 of 1
objective meces. Since hto calculate case of qua reach an
are selected on which chsion of the haracteristic
up for whichhe various pction in secaid of hedo
of the prody, hedonics component
make sense
ous methodssed in which
ds fits eache. For manych accommohen selectinds to occur
ways importa contact wit
th the obses of whethet has been cew product,able previouice series o
ages and dion, is provi
e an optimumplay a majo
ge must be e. It is how
d in similar used in thes
ndustrial
1
ethod due thowever a ge the price fality correctioauthoritativ
d by the staharacteristiccharacteris
cs, is impleh precise prpossibilities tion C. Som
onics are d
ucer prices is largely usts.
e?
s of quality situations a
h situation. y product grodate the png the procerarely. Som
ant for eachh the report
erved pricesr these are clarified wh, the goal ofus month’s pf the origina
isadvantageded by Tabl
m method for role in mos regarded in
wever possibareas in the
se product g
as pe
o the mathgreat numbefunction, thon. A large ne function.
aff of the Fecs of the protics, meani
emented by roduct area of applicati
me special pescribed in
of industrised when as
correction.and in which
It is vital toroups only articularitiesedure whethe methods a
h case of quing units be
in the variodifferences ether the chf the variousprice. The pral product s
es of the ie 7.10.
or each prodst cases, in n isolation
ble to priorite product liroups.
er: August 2
ematical poer of comprohis method number of o The effort
ederal Statisoduct exert ang the eva
y the staff ias the use oion and the products w Chapter 10
ial productsscertaining t
. It should h product gr
o the selectispecific pros of the gooher an adjuare more labuality adjusteing necessa
ous periods in product
hanged prods methods irice changessuch that a
individual m
duct group. addition to in order to tise the proife cycle, an
019
ortrayal andomises andmay not bebservationsinvolved in
stical Office.an influenceluation andndividually.of hedonics decision onith which a0 – Special
s (domesticthe prices of
however beroups.
ion to knowocedures ofods groups.stment in aborious andtment to beary here.
s, the casesqualities or
duct may bes to overlaps of the new continuous
methods in
The market the product be able to
ocedures fornd hence to
d d e s n
. e d . s n a l
c f
e
w f .
a d e
s r e p w s
n
t t o r o
Method
Chapte
7.54 productsthat withbe usedproductwith cer
Table 7.
Method
Direct prcompari
Chaining
Quantita
Overlap
Matched
Option p
Expert a
Hedonic
7.55 This incor a funpossibleplannedapplicatrapid tedifferentBy thesecalculat
dical Guide oPr
r 7 – Quality
Overlaps can be soh the price d
d if the price. The metho
rtainty witho
10: Com
rice ison
g
ative change
pricing
d model
prices
ssessment
cs
It only mludes hedonction to calce to subseqd in advancetion of this iechnologicalt quality mae means, thed with thes
on the Indexroducts (Dom
y changes
p pricing is old on the mdifference the-reporting od of qualityout additiona
mparison of t
Advantage
Simple ha
Simple ha
Simple maconnectio
Direct compossible
Takes accostandard dwithin a go
Direct evaquality difindividualpossible
Assessmewith markproduct kn
Mathematassessmequality chapossible
makes sensnics, which culate the inuently dete
e, and are res the field ol change. T
anifestationshe price indse products
x of Producemestic Mark
P
the best memarket in onhe actual quenterprise iy correctional informatio
the quality c
e
ndling
ndling
athematical n is created
mparison
ount of development oods group
luation of thefferences of components
nt by expertset and nowledge
tical nt of the aracteristics
se to apply s because of ndex is onlyrmine the vaegularly useof data procehe individus and the prex with cha by mathem
r Prices of Inket)
Page 11 of 1
ethod in moe period at
uality differeis unable to that comeson being ava
correction m
Disadvant
No qualitypresumed
No price c
Fixed costeconomieproductiondealt with
Overlap time of
problem
t
Special developin the pare not
sufficienseries n
e
s
Mass prodmore reasthan addit
s Subject difficult
Highly labmathematseeming o
some of thef the major ey used targetariables and
ed to continessing appli
ual productsrice-determinanged indiviatical mean
ndustrial
1
ost cases. W the prices snce is valua
o report a ps into questailable.
ethods
tage
y improvemend
hange presum
ts as well as s of scale in tn function are
p price needetransition
matic
price pments and sroduct life cyaccommodatnt no. of price
necessary
duction frequonably-pricedtional option
tivity t to understan
orious, tical formula objectivity
methods weffort involvtedly for sped weights, bually calculaiances and ss cannot bening charactidual price-ds.
as pe
With this adjstated. It m
ated. Overlaprevious montion next ca
Possib
nt Low e.g.: s
med Price-p, lae.g.: m
the e not
Specie.g.: f
d Changparalle.g.: t
tatus ycle ted e
Applichomodeveloe.g.: f
ently d
Indivievaluae.g.: m
nd Techne.g.: m
lends
Large determare que.g.: IT
with highly-sed in ascertecific produbut rather heate the pricesystems, wh
e compared teristics are determining
er: August 2
justment may hence bep pricing manth’s price
annot alread
ble applicatio
p, slight quaseasonal clot
-constant proarge quality cmachinery
al offer packafoodstuffs
ged product llel on markettoys
cation in prodogeneous pricopment foodstuffs, be
dual optionsated motor vehicle
nically-complmachinery
volumes of dmining charauantifiable T
pecific prodtaining a prct groups. Itedonic calcue changes. Ahich is chara over the p
e depicted ing characteris
019
ethod, bothe presumeday no longerfor the new
dy be stated
on
ality change thing
ducts, large hange
aging
lines
duction with ce
everages
can be
es
ex goods
data, price-cteristics
duct groups.ice functiont is also notulations areAn exampleacterised byperiods; then a function.stics can be
h d r
w d
. n t e e y e .
e
Method
Chareplace
8. Prod A. B. C. A.
8.1 calculatthe consample,
8.2 Changesadjustmbasket oterm of scheme
8.3 ongoingsection
8.4 of new g
8.5 five yeagoods sare ableon deminfluencthe origgoods o
8.6 goods spossibleas quicproductsThese sthe deveare no lorder tobasket oplace evrebasing
dical Guide oPr
apter 8 – Proment and in
new goods
duct repla
IntroduEvolutiAdjustm
Introdu
The Geed in accord
nstancy of a sample of p
This ths in the mar
ments, whichof goods, th the valid b.
Both otg basis. The D and for th
A specigoods, and t
With thars, the probample beco
e to adjust. Iand, whilst
ce the supplginal goods
r the sample
In ordestructure ofe. If the signkly as posss and produpecial priceelopment oflonger on th
o prevent thof goods as very five yeags, this adju
on the Indexroducts (Dom
oduct nclusion of s
acement a
uction ionary and ments of th
uction
erman indexdance with tall bases foprice repres
eoretical corket structu
h in most caat is the sel
base year in
ther major method here sample of
al problem this is explo
e practice wblem arises
omes less upndividual p others chaly, and, duestructure che of the pric
er to guaranf the samplnificance of nsible. In mouct changes developmef the index. he market, tis, it is neca whole. By
ars, and repustment pres
x of Producemestic Mark
and inclus
revolutionahe product
x of producthe Laspeyreor calculatioentatives) fo
oncept cannres (both ofses are carrlection of th
n the Germa
bases for cre is describef price repre
arises in thered in greate
which is cust as the per
p-to-date. Suroducts or e
ange or newe to the dynhanges overe representa
ntee the reple used to new productost cases, ds than with ents in certaIf there is nthis makes essary to o adjusting thlacing out-ossure is take
r Prices of Inket)
Page 1 of 8
sion of ne
ary product sample
cer prices es concept. on (weightinor the durati
not be consf the goods ried out at the representan producer
alculation aed in Chaptsentatives i
e producer er detail in t
tomary in Griod increasupply and d
entire produw products anamic enviror time and iatives of the
presentativereflect the
ts on the madifferent pr products thain phases oo replacemethe samplebserve bothhe basket of
of-date proden into acco
ndustrial
ew goods
ts
of industria This meansng scheme,ion of the va
sistently adh and of the he time of ctative goodsr price stati
are adjusteder 5 – Sampn section E.
price statistthis chapter
ermany, namses since themand reacct lines disaappear. Newonment andis hence noe reference p
e nature of current maarket increasrice mechanhat have beof the produent of out-o
es obsolete h the individf goods in thucts within
ount in the G
as pe
al products – as to the , basket of alidity of a b
hered to focorporate m
conversion ts types, is kestics in add
d in line witples for the r
tics when it .
mely that a e base yea
ct flexibly in appear from w developm the existin
o longer depperiod.
the index, arket conditses, these mnisms can ben on the m
uct life cyclef-date produand the ind
dual price rehe context oexisting baserman prod
er: August 2
(domestic theoretical
f goods, repase period.
r a variety markets) reqto a new basept constandition to th
th requiremreporting un
comes to th
base periodar that in pa a market ec the market,
ments and teg market m
picted by th
it is necesstions as ac
must be accobe observedmarket for ae should be ucts or of prdex less meepresentativ
of rebasings,sket items b
ducer price s
019
124
market) is approach –porting unit
of reasons.uire regularse year. Thet during thee weighting
ments on anit sample in
he inclusion
d is valid forarticular theconomy and, dependingechnologies
mechanisms,e basket of
sary for theccurately asommodatedd with newa long time. reflected inroducts that
eaningful. Inves and the, which takebetween thestatistics.
2 4
s – t
. r e e g
n n
n
r e d g s , f
e s d w .
n t
n e e e
Method
Chareplace
8.7 environmproductsOne shdisappewith thedetail w
8.8 inclusioin relatievolutio
8.9 Section fitting breplacem
B.
8.10 revolutiocalculaton the abe adjud
B.1
B.1.1
8.11 An evolcause oAttributifulfils thgoods squality ongoingby growdecreas
8.12 washingdevelopcases epredece
dical Guide oPr
apter 8 – Proment and in
new goods
Changement. It muss disappearould distin
earing from te procedure ith the meth
In orden of new proion with ne
onary and rev
Followin C first of allasket item, ment in the
Evoluti
If new ponary produing the prod
assignment. dged individ
Evolutio
Definiti
Evolutioution has t
of this is in ion to a prodhe same pusystem. Thes
or the propg index with wing deman
ed, and whi
Examplg machine wpment on ex
volutionary,essor produc
on the Indexroducts (Dom
oduct nclusion of s
es in the mast be recognr, and it musguish here the market ato be follow
hods to be u
er to descroducts, sectew goods avolutionary
ng on from l describes t and followinevent that th
ionary and
products apucts, dependucer price In order to f
dually and a
onary produ
ion
onary produaken place,most casesduct which rpose as thse new prodperties take the aid of qd; in most ich belongs
les of evolwith a morexisting prod, the VW Goct VW Golf V
x of Producemestic Mark
arket conditnised if newst be decide between aand new pro
wed in case oused where p
ibe the exition B belowrising on thproducts.
this, this chthe possibilng on from the concomit
revolution
ppear on theding on theindex and infacilitate thittributed to
ucts
cts are prod, in other w new technois already oe original p
ducts are coes place. Evquality adjucases they to the same
utionary pr powerful o
ducts. Equalolf VII for inI.
r Prices of Inket)
Page 2 of 8
tions may bw or changeded how thesa qualitativoducts beingof changes iproducts or
isting possw first of all phe market.
hapter relatlities in whicthis informatant basket
ary produc
e market, their product n the treatmis distinctio the respect
ducts which words a furt
ologies, newon the markeproduct, andomparable wvolutionary stments in replace an
e goods type
roducts are or a more enlly, new monstance con
ndustrial
be caused bd goods appse changes ave change og launched. in quality; Cdata are mis
ibilities in provides infoTo this end
tes to the pch the new p
ation is prov item is alrea
cts
hey may be characteris
ment of the n, products ive group.
show a chaher developw materials et is possibld is hence iwith the orig
products cmost cases.
nother produe.
technologinergy savingodels in thenstituting a
as pe
by different pear on the are to be taof an exist Chapter 7 –
Chapter 6 – Dssing.
product repormation ond, a distinc
ossibilities product canided on the ady containe
sub-dividedstics. The fuproducts is which are n
nge as agaipment of an or changedle; the evoludentical to ginal ones; can hence b. These product the sign
cally-improvg motor whi
e automotivequalitative
er: August 2
reasons in market, or iken into conting produc– Quality chaData collect
placement n the precisection is mad
to adjust thnnot be assi alternativesed in the sa
d into evoluurther meth determinednew on the m
nst an originn existing pd market requtionary proit in the coan improvebe integrateducts are chnificance of
ved compuich constitue industry achange as
019
a dynamicif individualnsideration.
ct, productsanges dealsion deals in
and in thee definitionsde between
he samples.gned to anys of productmple.
utionary andod used in
d dependingmarket must
nal product.product. Thequirements.duct largelyntext of thement in theed into theharacterisedf which has
uters and aute a furtherare in mostagainst the
c l . s s n
e s n
. y t
d n g t
. e . y e e e d s
a r t e
Method
Chareplace
B.1.2
8.13 price repproduct principle
8.14 is studieseries. Bchangesavailablmethods
B.2
B.2.1
8.15 developproductsnew prorevolutiothemselshare ofthat thecompara
8.16 telephonwhich dtechnolo
8.17 items fothis prosample
B.2.2
8.18 other prthe newclassificrepresen
8.19 are not ascertai
dical Guide oPr
apter 8 – Proment and in
new goods
Possibi
Evolutiopresentative replaces ae does not p
If it is oed whether By these ms can be intee. To adjuss of quality
Revolut
Definiti
In compments of es that are a
oducts can inonary produlves or the f the correspe concomitaable produc
Examplne was not id not replaogical terms
Hence, or which theduct or thisby product r
Possibi
It is nore-existing pw product ccation. Withntatives out
If no mdirectly accnment of a
on the Indexroducts (Dom
oduct nclusion of s
ilities for inc
onary produes. This is onother price
permit the in
observed tha and from weans, the segrated andst the chancorrection a
tionary prod
ion
mparison toexisting gooalready on tn most case
ucts, they artechnologieponding proant 9-digit Gt is containe
les of revolu a further dace an exists are not a su
it is not poe revolutions goods typereplacemen
ilities for inc
t possible troducts. It isan be attribout this attside of a reb
atching basommodated new baske
x of Producemestic Mark
clusion
cts are imprnly possiblee representanclusion of a
at products wwhen these sample of th product losged quality re applied w
ducts
o evolutionods, but prhe market.
es not be usre not a folloes used are oduct group GP code waed in the sam
utionary proevelopmenting one. Equccessor pro
ossible to finary product
e is considet with qualit
clusion
o establish s important buted to antribution, a basing is no
sket item is d in the baset of goods.
r Prices of Inket)
Page 3 of 8
roved produe if a corresative of thisadditional ba
with an evol can be usehe price repsses compe
y of the newwhich are de
ary producroducts whi Quality adjsed as a repow-up produ completely may also h
as not selecmples.
oducts can t of a traditually, plasmoduct of CRT
nd a direct could be u
ered in the wty correction
a direct co for the furth
n existing b simple updt possible.
available, rket of good It is immat
ndustrial
ucts which sponding ba
s basket iteasket items
lutionary ched as replacpresentativensated for dw product aescribed in C
cts, revolutiich show sustments a
placement fouct. It is cony novel, whiave been socted for the
be found frional appar
ma televisioT appliances
predecessoused as a reweighting scn is not poss
nnection beher treatmenbasket item date and a
revolutionars until the nterial here w
as pe
hould be incsket item ism since the.
aracter becocement prodes is kept udirectly if repas comparedChapter 7 –
ionary produbstantial dre hence m
or an existinnceivable, fiilst on the oo small at the basket of
requently inratus; rathern sets shous.
r of the proeplacement. cheme, so thsible.
etween revont to clarify t
in terms odjustment o
ry products next rebasinwhether the
er: August 2
cluded in ths available ae Laspeyres
ome more sducts for ex
up to date. placement pd to the pr Quality chan
ducts are differences uch more d
ng price seriirstly, that thother hand he time of t goods, and
n the past. r it was a n
uld be name
oduct within Also, no what integrat
olutionary prthe questionf the systemof the samp
are includeng and the ce new produ
019
e sample ofand the news concept in
ignificant, itxisting priceSuch range
products arerevious, thenges.
not further as againstdifficult. Thees since, ashe products the markethe rebasingd hence no
The mobilenew producted, which in
the basketweighting for
ion into the
roducts andn of whetherm of goodsple of price
d, and theyconcomitantuct replaces
f w n
t e e e e
r t e s s t g o
e t
n
t r e
d r s e
y t s
Method
Chareplace
another the baskproduct
C.
C.1
8.20 product significathe existreatmecontainsrepresenmulti-stacannot possibil
8.21 (evolutiobelow sprocedu
Figure 8
C.2
8.22 adjustmascertaisample.
E
Ove
dical Guide oPr
apter 8 – Proment and in
new goods
one, the weket of goods is thus acco
Adjust
Genera
There a is launchedance, it mussting baskent of the ns all goods tntatives belage procedube attribute
lities for adj
It shoulonary produhows an ov
ure applicab
.1 Overviegoods
Basket
Before ments to th
ned here w
Evolutionary product
erview of the
Bask
on the Indexroducts (Dom
oduct nclusion of s
eights for ths on the basommodated
ments of th
l
are various pd onto the mst be determt items in tew product types for whong to one ure – as desed to any bustments wi
ld be distinguct) or a neverview of thle.
ew of the po
item does n
a decision e samples,
whether or n
e method em
ket item doesexist
R
x of Producemestic Mark
he individuais of domes in the samp
he product
possibilitiesmarket, and
mined in a fiterms of th are determhich the pricof these goocribed in Ch
basket itemithin a bask
guished in thew product he various p
ossibilities i
not exist
is taken on , the new not this can
mployed in t
s not
Revolutionaryproduct
r Prices of Inket)
Page 4 of 8
al product grstic sales anple dependi
sample
s to carry oud if it is to birst step wh
he goods clmined usingces are colleods types ofhapter 5 – S
m in sectionket item.
he next step(revolutionapossibilities
n the event
the preciseproduct is
n be attribut
the event of new goods
New product
y
ndustrial
roups are red the produng on its sig
t adjustmenbe integratehether the passification
g this first sected on a mf the basketamples. The
n C.2 is des
p whether anary product)s of attribut
of product
e method an allocated ted to an e
product rep
t
Ba
Evolutionaryproduct
as pe
e-determinedction values
gnificance.
nts in the prd into the sroduct can . The furthe
sub-divisionmonthly bast of goods ae method regcribed; sec
n existing pr) included aing a new p
replacemen
nd the possinto the gxisting bask
placement a
asket item ex
y
er: August 2
d in the coms, and the re
roduct sampsamples becbe attributeer procedur. The baske
sis. The indind are ascegarding prod
ction C.3 dis
roduct is to additionallyproduct and
nt and inclu
sibilities in tgoods categket item of
nd inclusion
xists
Revolutionaproduct
019
mposition ofevolutionary
ple. If a newcause of its
ed to one ofres and theet of goodsvidual price
ertained in aducts whichscusses the
be replaced. The figure the further
sion of new
the event ofgories. It is the current
n of
ry
f y
w s f e s e a h e
d e r
w
f s t
Method
Chareplace
8.23 integratwhethergrowingprice dethe basindividu
8.24 products
Figure 8
8.25 weightinmarket material
8.26 and instwere carelementrun-up tsamples
dical Guide oPr
apter 8 – Proment and in
new goods
If no bion in the ir the new pro
g market sigevelopment e period in
ual goods typ
The fols of a non-e
.2 Method
Rebasinng up to datsignificancel thus obtain
This metallation serried out in tt of the basto this happs.
Inchange
Evolutionaryproduct
Ove
Baske
on the Indexroducts (Dom
oduct nclusion of s
basket itemindex calculoduct is an
gnificance thof the new the contextpes taken in
llowing figuxistent bask
d with new p
ng is carriete. In partice in future,ned can then
ethod was urvices of mthis area. Siket of good
pening, so th
Rebasing
ntegration on eover to new b
Revy
erview of the
et item does nexist
x of Producemestic Mark
m exists in lation of thevolutionaryhe index asproduct is it of rebasin
nto account
ure shows tket item.
products – B
ed out at reular if the n the price n be used d
sed prior to achinery annce it was ks after the nhat sufficien
base
volutionary product
e method in inclus
- Basket
not
r Prices of Inket)
Page 5 of 8
the currene current by or a revolu
scertainmeninput into thng are the cand new ba
the individu
Basket item d
egular internew productsurvey shoirectly when
the rebasinnd equipmeknown at an next rebasinnt data were
the event osion of new g item does n
New product
ndustrial
t selection ase period
utionary prodt cannot be
he further cacurrent turnosket items f
ual steps w
does not exi
rvals in ordt is to be anuld be star
n rebasing h
ng to the basnt. In the p early stage
ng took place available t
of product regoods not exist-
t
as pe
to which is not poss
duct, even ine adjusted ialculations. over and prformed.
which are im
ist
er to keep nticipated torted regardlas taken pla
se year 2010previous sam that this sece, the priceto integrate
eplacement a
Basket item
er: August 2
the new psible. Indepn the event in such a w Only on chroduction va
mplemented
the samplo take on cless of thisace.
0 with the fiemple, no prction would
e surveys ste this field in
and
exists
019
product fits,pendently ofof a rapidly-
way that theangeover ofalues of the
d with new
es and theonsiderable
s. The price
eld of repairrice surveys become anarted in thento the new
, f -e f e
w
e e e
r s n e w
Method
Chareplace
C.3
8.27 items wcompospossible
8.28 goods cTo this erevolutio
Figure 8
8.29 purposepossiblenewly-lamarket methodsthe reporepresendetailedbe quanwas prev
8.30 revolutio
Ove
Baske
dical Guide oPr
apter 8 – Proment and in
new goods
Basket
Once it with concom
ition of weie to adjust o
If newlylassificationend, it mustonary produ
.3 Method
Evolutioe is unchane. The goal iaunched gooconditions s of quality orting firm ntative, and
d product spntified and rviously surv
Integratonary produ
erview of the
et item does nexist
on the Indexroducts (Dom
oduct nclusion of s
item exists
has been citant price sghts and ba
or exchange
y-launched n, it may be t be ascerta
uct. Figure 8.
d with new p
onary produnged as agan the index ods into thechange succorrection dis best abl
d hence facpecificationsrecorded. Thveyed.
tion into theuct. A revolu
e method in
not
x of Producemestic Mark
compiled, thseries, a weasket items individual p
products cpossible for
ained in a fi.3 clarifies th
products – B
ucts are chainst the p calculation e sample whh that the q
described inle to decidilitates an
s stated by the evolution
e ascertainmtionary prod
Quality adjustment
Product replacement
Evolutionaryproduct
the event of- Bas
r Prices of Inket)
Page 6 of 8
he basket ofeighting sha cannot be cprice represe
can be attrir an adjustmirst step whhe different
Basket item e
haracterisedpredecessor is to depict hich have aqualitatively Chapter 7 –e which typevaluation the reportinary product
ment of an iduct is chara
Qualadjustm
Replacema price st
y
f product resket item ex
New product
Ba
ndustrial
f goods conare being atchanged unentatives wi
buted to anment of the p
ether the ne possibilitie
exists
d by a cha product. A the current ssumed inc
y new produ– Quality chpe of changof the new g units are can hence
ndex is moracterised by
Cathe
Ai
lity ment
ment of series
Rev
placement axists -
t
asket item ex
as pe
sists of an itributed to til the next thin a baske
n existing bproduct samew product s for the furt
nge in quaAttribution t market condreasing mar
uct replacesanges can bge has take product qualso used sreplace a pr
re complicaty not being a
lculation of base value
Additional nclusion
volutionary product
and inclusio
xists
er: August 2
identified liseach baske rebasing. Itet item.
basket itemple to be im is an evoluther proced
ality; the futo existing ditions and rket signific
s the previobe used. In en place fouality. To tho that the crice represe
ted when it able to be a
Rebasin
Integrationchangeove
new base
on of new go
019
st of basketet item. Thist is however
within themplemented.
tionary or aure.
undamentalproducts is to integrate
cance. If theus one, themost cases,
or the pricehis end, thechanges canentative that
comes to aattributed to
g
on r to e
oods
t s r
e .
a
l s e e e ,
e e n t
a o
Method
Chareplace
any of thof the gocollecte
8.31 of the pr
- Rep- In e- Inte
8.32 period. completproduct aspect iclassificreplace indepencompenreplacem
8.33 fluctuatilife cycleWhen a high priThese pthat reaintegratconsidehis/her
8.34 can alsoa new pwith mothe goomeasurethe timebasket iin turn cthe price
8.35 an exchas earlycalculatcompileSamplesperiod o
dical Guide oPr
apter 8 – Proment and in
new goods
he price seroods classifd price repre
There arice represe
place the preexceptional cegration of t
The numFor this rea
te exchange comes froms for the rep
cation as thethe price re
ndently of sated for w
ment, the pr
If indivions. The ree. The good new producces, or the particularitiesl price deveion. It murable markemarket and
In addito be integratproduct rapidobile phonesds classificements, a he between ttem. It is th
calculated ae series hav
If it is nange or an ay as the onion of a ba
ed using the s. It is immaor not. The s
on the Indexroducts (Dom
oduct nclusion of s
ries currentlyfication beloesentative.
re three funntatives.
evious pricecases: addithe new prod
mber of pricason, a revoe of an existm the sameplacement pe original pr
epresentativrebasing. Q
with the aidrice series is
vidual produeason for thi
s are frequect is introduproducts ares of the pricelopments ast always
et significan product kno
tion to a 1-tted into the dly takes ons. In these cation, but it
hypothetical the base peus possible
after integratving increase
not possibleadditional inngoing basasket of goo sales and paterial here wsales signific
x of Producemestic Mark
y found in thong to an ex
damental po
series and tional inclusduct in a new
ce series in olutionary prting price s
e reporting uproduct to croduct of the within a bQuality diffd of the qus linked by c
ucts are repis is the diffently subjecced, either me offered at
ce policy shoare depicted
be guarance. In this cowledge.
o-1 replacem basket itemn market sigases, the net is not a re base price
eriod and in to calculatetion as a meed.
e to integratnclusion, thee period, bods, weightproduction vwhether thecance of the
r Prices of Inket)
Page 7 of 8
he sample. xisting baske
ossibilities t
use methodsion of a pricw determina
the sampleroduct may eries takes unit or anotorrespond te basket of
basket item.ferences beuality correcchaining whe
placed by nferent posit
ct to differenmonopoly p particularlyould be taked. It is hencnteed that context, the
ment of an em in exceptiognificance wew product eplacement is calculatetegration ofe a base valean value of
e a new proe alternativebut rather wting schemevalues descre existing pre products i
ndustrial
These are het item, but
to accommo
ds of quality ce series anation of the s
e in principl only be int place. It is ther reportinto the same f goods. Onl The sample
etween the ction methoere revolutio
ewer ones, ions of the
nt price mecprofits are sky favourableen into accoe decisive tthe newly
reporter is t
existing priconal cases.
within a baseis to be attr of an existed by assumf the price slue; the elemf the individ
oduct into the exists of nowhen rebase and sampribed in Charoduct has os vital to inc
as pe
ence new p are not dire
odate these
correction d calculatiosamples in t
le remains cegrated in t immaterial ng unit repo attribution ly by these e can be up old and
ods. In mosonary goods
there may individual p
chanisms in kimmed off b prices in ount when prto determine-integrated to be involv
ce series, anThis methode period, asibuted to a ing price se
ming the samseries as wamentary indedual measur
he ongoing iot including
sing takes pples, the pripter 4 – Wei
only been onclusion in th
er: August 2
products whectly compa
products in
n of a base the context o
constant duthe current here whethorts the dat in the systemeans is it
pdated by ththe new p
st events ofs are concern
be consideproducts in the individby charging rder to triggroducts are e the right t
product aved in the de
n additional d becomes s was seen fbasket item
eries. To deme averageas observedex of the barements, the
index calcug revolutionaplace. Withice represenighting and n the markehe basket of
019
ich in termsrable with a
the sample
value of rebasing
uring a basesample if a
her the newta. The vitalem of goods possible toese means,
product aref a productned.
erable pricethe productual phases. particularly
ger demand.replaced sotime for the
already hasecision with
price seriesnecessary iffor instance
m in terms oftermine the
e change ford within theasket item ise number of
lation usingary productsh each newntatives are Chapter 5 –t for a shortf goods and
s a
e
e a w l s o ,
e t
e t . y .
o e s h
s f e f e r e s f
g s w e – t
d
Method
Chareplace
selectiowhich pmarket s
dical Guide oPr
apter 8 – Proment and in
new goods
n as a pricepreviously wsignificance
on the Indexroducts (Dom
oduct nclusion of s
e representawere not pare.
x of Producemestic Mark
ative, so thart of the sa
r Prices of Inket)
Page 8 of 8
at at the timamples, are
ndustrial
e of the reb integrated
as pe
basing also rin the selec
er: August 2
revolutionarction in line
019
ry products,e with their
, r
Method
Chapter
9. Inde A. B. C. D. A.
9.1 The basdetermiindices.rebasingreportincollectiomissing the indecalculat
9.2 show thBy theseprice chtreated a
9.3 (domest
9.4 index. Adevelopthat are
9.5 aggregaused, an
9.6 monthlyas a bas
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
ex calcula
IntroduElemenCalculaRebasi
Introdu
The abosis is formened for each The weightg. For the sg units. The
on; the meth data and nex calculatiion model to
Measure percentag
e means, thange is conas equivalen
In ordetic market),
In a firsAn element
pment of the not collecte
In the tes. The ca
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The folly index calcusis.
on the Indexroducts (Dom
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ation
uction ntary indiceation of higng
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ove chaptersed by the wh basket iteting schemeselected bae precise dehod followeewly-introduion are heno compile th
rements are ge change oe quantitativverted into nt, regardles
er to calculthe individu
st step, the tary aggreg individual e
ed.
next step, talculation tastematic agg
lowing figurulation. The
x of Producemestic Mark
P
es gher aggreg
s describe wweighting (m can be use and the sasket items,escriptions d in dealinguced goods nce complehe individua
formed fromof the reportve componea percentagss of price-d
late overall ual data of th
price reporgate hence elements of
these indiviakes place gregates, as
re provides completely
r Prices of Inket)
Page 1 of 18
gated indice
what prelimi(Chapter 4) sed to aggreamples are price dataof the data
g with partic (Chapter 8)
etely-plausibal data.
m the individted price in ent of the sege change. Bdetermining
indices ofhe price rep
rts for a bascovers a
f the basket
idual elemeboth for dif well as for t
an overviewy-plausibilise
ndustrial
8
es
inary work is and the segate the ind
updated at a are collecta collection cularities su) is also desbilised price
dual price recomparison
elected prodBy using the characterist
f the produorters are ag
sket item arbasket item of goods re
entary indicfferent hierathe overall in
w of the coned data of t
as pe
s needed foamples (Chdividual pric regular inteted on a mare providech as qualitcribed in de
e data, as
eports to cal with the pr
duct is elimin measuremetics.
ucer prices ggregated in
e compiled m in each presenting f
es are aggrarchy levelsndex.
nsecutive sthe monthly
er: August 2
or the index hapter 5). Tce series to fervals in the
monthly based in Chaptety changes etail. Startinwell as a
lculate the inrice of the bnated and tents, price c
of industrian two steps.
to form an case, withfurther 9-dig
regated to fs of the cla
teps to be t price surve
019
127
11
calculation.The weightsform overalle context ofis from theer 6 – Data(Chapter 7),
ng points formathematic
ndex. Thesebase period.he absolutechanges are
al products
elementaryh the pricegit GP codes
form higherassifications
taken in theeys are used
2 7
. s l f
e a , r c
e .
e e
s
y e s
r s
e d
Method
Chapter
Figure 9
9.7 descript
9.8 be able intervalsand the in sectio
B.
B.1
9.9 desegreseveral be aggre
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
.1 Index cal
Sectiontion of the ca
Both th to portray cs of five yea index aggreon D.
Elemen
Overvie
An eleegation for w
items of priegated. For
on the Indexroducts (Dom
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culation me
n B below walculation fo
e samples ahanges in th
ars in which egates are co
tary indice
ew
mentary indwhich explicice informatan elementa
of
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ethod
will explore or aggregate
and the weighe market st both the weonverted to
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dex is deficit weightingtion of the iary index th
Index ca
Monthpl
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f the individ
Elem
of t
Agg
C
L a s p
r Prices of Inket)
Page 2 of 18
the precise indices is p
ghting schetructures. Foeights and t a new base
ined as theg informationdividual p
he incorpora
alculatio
hly data clausibilisa
Measurem
dual price
mentary in
the basket
gregate in
a r l i i n d
e y r e s
ndustrial
8
e calculatioprovided in s
me are updaor this reasothe measuree year. The p
e index onon is availabrice represeted price re
on metho
collection ation
ents
representa
ndices
items
ndices
d e x
i n d e x
as pe
on of the esection C.
ated at regun, rebasings
ements of threcise meth
the level ble. Below t
entatives arepresentative
od
tives
er: August 2
lementary i
ular intervalss take place
he price reprhod for this i
of the mothe elemene available es are chara
019
ndices; the
s in order toe as a rule atresentativesis described
ost detailedtary indiceswhich mustacterised by
e
o t s d
d s t y
Method
Chapter
their beEqually,sampleselementproduce
9.10 implemeindex arto a fixestatisticformatio
9.11 The CarlThese acalculat
9.12 eliminatprice rebase, it receive i
1 A more
the indIndex M
2 Transitiindex.
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
eing largely the individ
s used. Thistary indiceser price stati
The comented by a vre presenteded base percs, a discusson is the pra
Carli indli index is a
are depictedion of the Ca
[Formul
With
By usinted from thepresentative makes senimplausible
detailed comividual metho
Manual: Theoivity applies i
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homogeneodual elemens means tha should bestics.
mpilation ofvariety of med below. Witriod, or to tsion takes p
actice in Ger
dex: scertained b
d by the mearli index IC
la 9.1]
itp : pric
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ng the price e price repores regardlesnse to use i results; the
mparison of thods of calculary and Practicif the direct in
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ous productntary indice
at the classi similar. Th
f the individeans. The thth all mathethe respectiplace only amany1.
by forming tasurementsfor elementa
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I1
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e Carli index
he indices deation, is provce” manual ondex calculat
r Prices of Inket)
Page 3 of 18
ts, and henes should refication and
he 9-digit G
dual price rehree formulamatical formve previous
at a fixed ref
the arithmes of the pricary aggregat
ji i
it
j p
p
0
ct i in period
uct i in perio
es for eleme
ps for the inilitates a suported unitslculating by
x is hence no
escribed herevided in Chapof the Internattion leads to t
ndustrial
8
nce goods wepresent a d the level oP code leve
eports withiae used mosmulae, the cs period. In ference poin
tic mean of ce series of te j is carried
d t
d 0
entary index
ndividual elummary of ths. If the Car
y chaining inot transitive2
, including thter 9.B, pp. 2tional Monetathe same res
as pe
with a similuniform str
of detail of tel is used f
n an elemenst frequentlyurrent repor the contextnt in time, s
the individ a basket itd out accord
x j
ements, thehe price devrli index is cndividual re2.
he advantage213 et seqq. oary Fund, ISBult as the cal
er: August 2
lar price deratification lthe universafor this in t
ntary aggregy to form anrts can be ret of the pro
since this fo
ual price retem. The mding to Form
e volume covelopment ocalculated w
eport period
s and disadvof the “Produ
BN 1-58906-3lculation of th
019
evelopment.level of theal set for allthe German
gate can be elementary
elated eitheroducer priceorm of index
lationships.athematical
mula 9.1.
omponent isof individualwith a fixed
ds, one may
vantages of cer Price 04-X.
he chained
. e l
n
e y r e x
. l
s l
d y
Method
Chapter
9.13 The relaBy addinascertaicalculat
9.14 quantitacheaperchangedin the insame refixed ba
9.15 As a thigeometrfor elem
9.16 Jevons dramati
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
Dutot inationship of ng the indivned and canion for the i
[Formul
With
For the ative delimitr ones whend when a vondex. In consult is obtai
ase.
Jevons ird possibiliric mean of p
mentary aggr
[Formul
With
The Jevindex is acally-falling
on the Indexroducts (Dom
Calculation
ndex: average pric
vidual price n be compandex accord
la 9.2]
itp : pric
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jn : no.
use of the tations are un averages
olume changntradistinctioined by chai
index: ty, the elemprice relatioegate j is fo
la 9.3]
itp : pric
0ip : pric
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ons index islways smal prices. The
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ces is formereports withred with the
ding to Dutot
j
jDj
n
nI
1
1
ce for produc
ce for produ
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Dutot indexused within a
of the indivge occurs sion to the Caining the ind
mentary indenships or ofrmed accord
ji
JjI
ce for produc
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of price seri
s also charaller than o Jevons inde
r Prices of Inket)
Page 4 of 18
ed by calculahin an elemee average prt ID for elem
jii
j
jiit
j
p
p
0
1
ct i in period
uct i in perio
es for eleme
x, it is decisa group. Expvidual reponce the voluarli index, tdividual mon
ex can be cf average prding to Form
jn
j i
it
p
p1
0
ct i in period
uct i in perio
es for eleme
acterised by r equal to
ex always tak
ndustrial
8
ating the eleentary aggrerice of the bentary aggre
d t
d 0
entary index
ive that hompensive prodrted prices ume corresphe Dutot indnthly indice
calculated arices is form
mula 9.3.
j
j
n
jii
n
jiit
p
p
1
0
1
d t
d 0
entary index
transitivity. the Carli kes on the v
as pe
ementary indegate, the avase period.
egate j.
x j
mogeneous ducts take oare formed
ponds to thedex is transs as by calcu
s a Jevons ed. The inde
x j
By using thindex, and
value 0 if a p
er: August 2
dex accordiverage repo Formula 9.2
products anon a greater d. Equally, te weight of
sitive, meanulating the i
index. To thex according
he geometrid reacts seprice report i
019
ng to Dutot.rted price is2 shows the
nd standardweight thanhe index isthe producting that theindex with a
his end, theg to Jevons IJ
c mean, thensitively tois 0.
. s e
d n s t e a
e J
e o
Method
Chapter
B.2
9.17 level of weightinunits the
9.18 accordin
9.19 to form the prevcase if incorpor
9.20 methodstheoretithe pricedesegrelevel. HeThis homunusual
B.3
9.21 rule as tsub-divitimber, t
9.22 For lightlocationmeasurethe entelocationthe shar
9.23 into acc
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
Calculat
In the G the individng level; it inemselves (c
For eacng to the fol
[Formul
With
These ielementary
vious perioda chained
rated into th
It emergs of the elecally better e developm
egation levelence, a highmogeneity il price devel
Particula
As descthe most deided in greathe mineral
Light fut fuel oil, diens, this spaement per eerprises of an by being ere that the fi
Productount when a
on the Indexroducts (Dom
Calculation
tion method
German produal basket includes thef. Chapter 5
ch price replowing form
la 9.4]
itp : pric
0ip : pric
ndividual m indices acc
d. Hence, it index were
he elementa
ges when obementary in suited. Theent of the inl is highly dhly-homogens the subjelopments de
arities
cribed, elemetailed weigater detail t oil products
uel oil, dieseesel and moatial sub-diventerprise isa market locevaluated wiirm has of re
t changes aascertaining
x of Producemestic Mark
P
in Germany
ducer price sitems (most individual p – Samples)
resentative ula, pi0 depi
itMZ
ce for produc
ce for produ
easurementording to Cais possible t
e used. Thery index wit
bserving thendex, whiche differencesndividual pridetailed in Gneous price
ect of considerogating fro
mentary indicghting level.han the 9-ds light fuel o
el and motortor spirit (ga
vision beings calculatedcation are coith firm weigefinery capa
nd changesg the elemen
r Prices of Inket)
Page 5 of 18
y
statistics eletly 9-digit Gprice repres).
i a measuricting the ba
100*0i
it
p
p
ct i in period
uct i in perio
ts are summarli, referencto avoid the
e individual hout weight
e advantageh are explais however bice represen
Germany; su developmederable atteom the avera
ces at the le. For some pdigit GP codoil, diesel an
r spirit (gasoasoline), prig retained fd for each mollated to foghts. Each ecity in Germ
s in the qualntary indices
ndustrial
8
ementary indP code). Th
sentatives, w
rement MZ iase price of
d t
d 0
marised in thce always be index bein measuremting.
s and disadvned in sect
become lessntatives withubdivision isent within anention in thage are reco
evel of the 9products, th
de or the band motor spi
oline): ce surveys afor the furt
market locatorm an averenterprise re
many.
lity of the prs. An eleme
as pe
dices are as e goods typ
which are se
s ascertainethe product
he German peing made t
ng intransitivents of a b
vantages of tion B.1, thas extreme thhin an elemes effected dn elementarye context ognised and
-digit GP codhe level of tasket item. Trit (gasoline
are carried oher calculation. The varage measureceives its f
rice representary index
er: August 2
a rule calcupe is the moelected by th
ed on a mo i in referenc
producer prito the base ve, which wbasket item
f the variousat the Jevohe more hoentary aggreown to 9-di
ry aggregatef data plau examined h
de are ascehe elementThese are b
e).
out in individtion. An avrious measurement for efirm weight
ntatives muis always ca
019
ulated at theost detailedhe reporting
onthly basisce year 0.
ce statistics year, not to
would be them are hence
s calculationns index ismogeneous
egate is. Thegit GP code
e is the rule.sibilisation;
here.
rtained as aary index is
bread, sawn
dual marketverage priceurements ofeach market in line with
ust be takenalculated on
e d g
s
s o e e
n s s e e . ;
a s n
t e f t
h
n n
Method
Chapter
the basirepresen
9.24 price repof the comparaproduct measure
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
is of measurntatives:
[Formul
With
A precopresentativenew producable previou is calculateements of th
[Formul
[Formul
With
on the Indexroducts (Dom
Calculation
rements whi
la 9.5]
itp : price
0ip : price
ondition herees. If by contct is not aus month’s ped accordinghe new prod
la 9.6]
la 9.7]
newp0 : Ficnewtp 1 : Co
oldtMZ 1 : MenewtMZ : Me
newtp : Pr
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ich belong t
itMZ
for product
for product
e is that no trast a pricevailable in price is calcg to formulaeuct.
new
Mp0
newtMZ
ctitious base
omparable p
easurement
easurement
ice of period
r Prices of Inket)
Page 6 of 18
o a basket i
100*0i
it
p
p
i in period t
i in period 0
changes or e representa most caseulated. Thise 9.6 and 9.
oldt
newt
MZ
p
1
1
100*0new
newt
p
p
e price for th
previous mo
t of the prev
t of period t
d t for the ne
ndustrial
8
tem. These
t
0
replacementive change
es to calculs means tha7 below and
0
he new prod
nth’s price f
ious period
for the new
ew product
as pe
relate to the
ts are obsers product orlate a meat a fictitiousd used for th
uct
from period
t-1 for the o
product
er: August 2
e base price
rved with thr quality, thesurement,
s base price he further ca
t-1 for the n
old product
019
of the price
e individuale base priceand only a for the new
alculation of
new product
e
l e a w f
Method
Chapter
C.
C.1
9.25 plausibiindividuaggrega(cf. Chapindividuthe over
9.26 possibilaccordinexplore
9.27 The weiLaspeyreindividuproportimathemacross t
9.28 conditiocompari
9.29 aggregagoods isfixed satime intperiods changes
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
Calcula
Overvie
As was ilised price
ual basket itted indices;pter 4 – Wei
ual weights wrall index.
When lities are thng to Laspey below.
The Lasights for thes on the b
ual elementonate dome
matical calcuhe periods,
[Formul
With p
p
q
w
The Lason that theison to the b
Placingtes makes is composed
ales shares. tervals; thes ensures thes are depicte
on the Indexroducts (Dom
Calculation
ation of hig
ew
described i series are tems. The in; the weightighting). An with which
it comes theoretically yres, the ind
speyres indehe individuabasis of thetary indicesestic sales ulation of th with consta
la 9.8]
itp : price fo
0ip : price fo
0iq : volume
0iw : sales s
speyres indee volume sbase period.
g the weighit possible td in all peri Because o
se take place direct comed in the ind
x of Producemestic Mark
P
gher aggreg
n the sectioarithmeticadividual ele
ts of the ind index hencethe elemen
o the aggravailable. T
dex accordin
ex: al elementae domestic are incorpof the good
he index acant weights f
LI
or product i
or product i
e of product
share of the
ex shows hostructures o.
ting on theto observe pods of the f changing
ce in the comparability odex.
r Prices of Inket)
Page 7 of 18
gated indic
on above, thally averagedementary inddividual base depicts thtary indices
regation of The most u
ng to Paasch
ary indices sales of th
porated intods from theccording to from the bas
00
0
*
*
ii
iit
qp
qp
in period t
in period 0
t i sold in pe
product i in
ow the pricesof the inco
e basis of tpure price csame quanstructures, ntext of reb
of the prices
ndustrial
8
ces
he respectivd to ascertadices must bket items ae weighted
s are incorpo
the individusual formuhe and the in
are calculahe base yeao the overae base perio Laspeyres. se period.
0
*i
it p
p
p
riod 0
the total sa
s have chanoming good
the referencchanges withtities of thevolume adj
basings. Det. If goods qu
as pe
e measuremain the elembe summarire used for average of eorated reflec
dual elemeulae of aggrndex accord
ated in the ar. The weigall index, iod. Formula A fixed ba
00
00
*
*
ii
ii
qp
qp
les of all rep
ged as agais have rem
ce period toh constant ve individual ustments artermining thuality remai
er: August 2
ments of thementary indised to calcuthe further elementary ict their sign
entary indicregation are
ding to Fishe
formula aght w0, withs calculate
a 9.8 belowasket of goo
0
* ii
it wp
p
presented g
nst the basemained unc
o calculate volumes. Th products, dre necessar
he weights ons constant
019
e completelydices of theulate higheraggregationindices. Thenificance for
es, variouse the indexer, which we
ccording toh which thed from the
w shows theods is used
0i
oods
e period, onchanged in
the higherhe basket ofdepicted byry at certainover severalt, pure price
y e r n e r
s x e
o e e e d
n n
r f y n l
e
Method
Chapter
9.30 When caconsideweights
9.31 conditioperiod.
9.32 volumescalculatconsideof the vchange
9.33 As showindex achighly lacalculatindex.
9.34 combinicalculatby usingby volum
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
Paaschalculating thred. As sho in the obse
[Formul
With
The Paaon that the
If the Pas sold, i.e. tion that is ared, on the
various periin the prices
Fisher iwn in Formulccording to aborious sine the Laspe
[Formul
With
The goaing two pricion of the F
g the Paaschme changes
on the Indexroducts (Dom
Calculation
e index: he index accown by Formrvation peri
la 9.9]
itp : pr
0ip : pr
itq : so
asche indexvolume stru
aasche indethe turnoveradjusted to other hand ods are nots or from ch
ndex: a 9.10, the Paasche by
nce both infoeyres index,
la 9.10]
LI : In
PI : In
al of the Fisce indices, aFisher index he index, ch.
x of Producemestic Mark
P
cording to Pmula 9.9, wod.
PI
rice for prod
rice for prod
old quantity
x shows howuctures of t
ex is used, itr of the varicurrent mar this survey t directly coanging volu
Fisher index forming theormation on as must th
F II
dex accordin
dex accordin
her index isand to mitig highly laboanges to th
r Prices of Inket)
Page 8 of 18
Paasche, thewith the Paa
iti
itit
qp
qp
*
*
0
uct i in perio
uct i in perio
of product i
w the prices he period u
t is necessaous goods t
rket conditio is highly laomparable smes.
x uses both te geometric
n the volumehe sales qua
PL II *
ng to Laspey
ng to Paasc
s to retain thgate the disarious. The we index not
ndustrial
8
e changing pasche index
od t
od 0
in period t
have changunder report
ary to collecttypes. Whils
ons, since thborious in esince index
the price ind mean of th
es sold in thantities of t
yres
he
he advantagadvantages
weights of th being cause
as pe
production q the sales q
ged as againt had alread
t in each pest on the onhe respectiveach period. changes ca
dex accordinese two inde base periohe current p
ges of both c of both. Hohe elementaed by pure p
er: August 2
quantities ovquantities a
nst the basedy applied
riod informane hand thise market str. Also, the inan result ei
ng to Laspeydices. The caod must be period for t
calculation owever, thisary indices aprice change
019
ver time areare used as
e period, onin the base
ation on thes leads to aructures arendex valuesther from a
yres and thealculation isavailable tohe Paasche
methods bys makes theare updatedes , but also
e s
n e
e a e s a
e s o e
y e d o
Method
Chapter
C.2
9.35 for the cto the bindex. Tcalculatproductsamplesbelow sfor perio
9.36 index oelementof these
9.37 possiblethe clas
9.38 system. GP code(WZ 200codes.
9.39 Groupinserving
3 Produc
produc4 Counci
industrEC No.
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
Calculat
In the Gcalculation obasket itemsThe basket ed every fivion and sas. They are ahows the co
od t.
[Formul
With
The prof producer tary indices,e weights is f
Merginge to distingusifications u
The firs In practice
es. Aggregat08) in sepa
The unsgs)3”, whichanalytical p
ts from produers of consuml Regulation (rial groupings L 142/26).
on the Indexroducts (Dom
Calculation
tion method
German prodof the highes. The weighof goods ite years. By t
ales structuraggregated onnections b
la 9.11]
jn : no. o
itp : price
0ip : price
0jU : dome
jtEI : eleme
0jw : sales
oducts from prices of in, the weightformed by th
g the elemeuish here beused, and un
st include ain Germanyted indices rate levels
systematic ah are prescrurposes. To
ucers of intermer durables(EC) No 1165s (MIGS) last
x of Producemestic Mark
P
in Germany
ducer price sr aggregatedhting schemself, as welthese meanres, and it to form ind
between ele
j
tPI
f price serie
for product
for product
estic sales o
entary index
s share of ba
elementary ndustrial pros being set he sales val
ntary indiceetween the ansystematic
aggregation, indices areare also calfor the sect
aggregationibed by the this end, fo
mediate good, products fro/98 concerniamended by
r Prices of Inket)
Page 9 of 18
y
statistics, thd indices. Th
me allocatesll as the wes, the basis
is ensuredices with th
ementary ind
j ji i
i
j p
p
n
1
s for basket
i in period t
i in period 0
of all goods o
x of basket i
asket item j i
indices andoducts (domfor the duraues of the in
es can lead taggregation
c aggregation
s by goodse calculatedlculated for tions, the s
s include th short-term
or instance,
ds, products om producersing short-term Commission
ndustrial
8
he elementahe level of ths an unambeights of ths for the calcd that the ihe aid of thedices and th
jj
j
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er: August 2
form the staary indices cght to each l basket itedjusted to t
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2012 of 31 M
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9.40 additionelementof the cThe weigelement
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9.42 program
9.43 are violaall.
9.44 which acalculatpresent confidenaccountvalues welementother ele
9.45 ensuring
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
ndex not ined, for insta
Particula
Variousn to an overtary indices oncomitant ghts for the tary indices.
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ducts is calcarious aggre
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characteriseded in Chapt
are publishendividual da
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vious monthwords the rele calculated
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ed if no conatasets mus
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d aggregatesation conclure is a high
o confidentiao not be pub
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er: August 2
pecial compf machinery
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9.46 as of vasales vaweights
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9.48 weightinweights and salereportin
9.49 the weigchanged
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ly be publisuded in thes a basis forces dependeed that no
dent enterprted level wi
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the samplerket conditioduction andgregates areposition of
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t least threeot all price higher aggreymity of theawn as to p
be ensured
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ndustrial
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e price repre indices areegates. The data can bricing and thwith indivi
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epending onor the baskeples).
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019
enterprisesever always
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eme, as wellduction andation of the
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lace. A newghting); thet productionand for the
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9.52 weightinperiod awell as being lovarious the indiv
9.53 each rebweights final weimporta
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Method
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ong after thtasks whichvidual steps
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Page 12 of 18
ery five yeaf goods starres coordinaatory work. figure 9.2 b in rebasingare subject
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ndustrial
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below show. More detaito coordinat
new weight basis. Whens shown in
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as pe
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k to ascertadata from thd out with thtime of the proximate oequently proe users.
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019
ain the newhe referencehe users, aschangeoververview the
ovided as to
certained insample, the so that theth the most
w e s r e o
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Figure 9
9.54 comparefrom thethis itemnumber
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G(ba
Fi
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
.2 Rebasin
Once thed with the e future samm is removed of new item
eighting schem(all 9-digit GP
codes)
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een ascerta index basisly takes pla
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9.55 selectedof reporreasonsrebasing
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9.57 this pronew basbase yebase priitems. T
9.58 months are rebaindividuFormula
9.59 year; thwhich d
dical Guide oPr
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Once thd, as describrting units. of represeg, when they
New unce developmve item of th
Ideally cedure is thse year. If par data for ice is missin
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la 9.13]
newtMZ : oldtMZ : oldBMZ 2 :
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Page 14 of 18
ems have bples. Rebasi
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vailable for he new base. To this enerage measu
10*2
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ndustrial
8
been compiing is used torting units
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all price repe year on thend, the meurement of
00
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ld base 1 = 1
e year 2 on th
ase from Jafollowing fi
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porting unitsntally revised from the these until
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nuary of thigure shows
019
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ly report onpond to the
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9.60 months thereforbasis of
9.61 retroactgoods wthe basbetweendevelopdeviatiotime of January
Base
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.3 Schedu
The pric January to re take the f the new cal
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man practiceated on a nevious weigh
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Page 15 of 18
riod, in othesponding ye
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h on the old ajor time inty of exampl10 and on ba
dex calc
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er words theear, serves t in the foll
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the price ineference yeaods is depi
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ing
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8 as against
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Table 9.
Sections
Total
05 Coa06 Crud08 Oth10 Foo11 Bev12 Tob13 Text14 Wea15 Leat16 Woo
of s17 Pap18 Prin19 Cok20 Che21 Bas22 Rub23 Oth24 Bas25 Fab26 Com27 Elec28 Mac29 Mot30 Oth31 Furn32 Oth33 Rep35 Elec36 Wat383 Rec
9.62 base pe
9.63 to variou
D.3
9.64 conversseries, a
9.65 new bas
dical Guide oPr
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1: Compar2010
of GP2002
al and lignite de petroleumer mining andd products
verages acco producttiles aring apparelther and relaod and of protraw and plai
per and papernting and recoke, refined peemicals and csic pharmaceubber and plaser non-metal
sic metals ricated meta
mputer, electrctrical equipmchinery and etor vehicles, ter transport e
niture er manufactu
pair and instactricity, gas ater and servicycling
No newriod; long se
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and hence th
By virtuse period do
on the Indexroducts (Dom
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rison of the
m and natural d quarrying p
ts
l ted products oducts of wooiting materialr products ording servicetroleum prod
chemical produtical produc
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l products, exronic and optment equipment n.etrailers and sequipment
ured goods llation servicnd district he
ces of distribu
w index calceries over th
y, a review oasks. User de
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he base andndex to a nehe index val
ue of this upoes not faci
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change rate
gas products
od and cork; ls
es ducts ducts cts and pharm
roducts
xcept machintical products
e.c. emi-trailers
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culation takehe base peri
of the publicemands are
eries
d the referenew base perue in this pe
pdating proclitate a dire
r Prices of Inket)
Page 16 of 18
es July 2018
except furnit
maceutical pre
nery and equis
nery and equiy r
es place food are form
cation progr taken into a
nce periods riod means teriod, takes
cess, rebasect comparis
ndustrial
8
8 vs. January
ture; articles
eparations
pment
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amme is neaccount.
are updatethat the mea on the valu
ing causes son of the i
as pe
y 2015 on b
Base 2015
% 3,5
-1,6 -7,3 4,9 5,6 4,5 9,0 1,8 2,7 4,6
5,6 6,7 0,0
16,0 4,0 1,7 2,1 5,0 8,3 4,4
-0,6 3,5 3,8 2,1 2,8 5,3 3,8 6,9
-0,9 4,4 9,9
chronologicaing.
ecessary afte
ed when rebasurement oe of 100.
a caesura inndex values
er: August 2
base 2015 a
Base 2010
Dp
3,6
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5,9 7,3
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15,6
ally precedi
er rebasing,
basing takesof each indi
n the indexs with previo
019
and on base
ifference in percentage
points
0,1
0,0 12,8
0,5 0,1 1,0
-1,3 -0,2 0,4 0,3
0,3 0,7
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ng the new
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9.66 base pe
9.67 overlapp(rebasinoverlappcomparaaggrega
9.68 base be
9.69
9.70 period mfactors. with theweightin
9.71 depicts aggregawith con
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
he respectivual basket ite
In orderiod after re
Chaininping when cng to 2015ping periodable regardte indices
[Formul
With
The chafore January
Chainin
[Formul
With
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nsiderably c
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ve samplesems.
r to still be ebasing, bot
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ding its con
la 9.14]
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la 9.15]
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: C
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or shows by base year in
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index value
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r Prices of Inket)
Page 17 of 18
iled differe
mpare the cues are chain
es of the vdices. The reor instance
which indicening factor
2,1Bi
BiBB
i I
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haining fact
ndex values
ndex value i
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te simple as
2,11 * BBBt VF
e in period t
B2
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B1 actor for chh base 2
ces of the nndex on theccount here
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e interpretatnt of the n indices, or long series
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8
ntly and ne
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ion of the loew and theif the individ should not
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ning index v
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ces must bes on the new
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uary of base
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rom Januarye earlier pedices thus cseries were
ong series the old basesdual basket be formed
er: August 2
are attribu
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is contingen to the newtomatically periods andor elementa
values with
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r B2 on old
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tion of long
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with base 1
y of the newriod using tcalculated de formed wi
hat the calcs is compart items are inuntil higher
019
uted to the
he previous long series.
nt on timew base year
causes and which areary and for
base 1 and
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on the old
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on the base
on the base
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x
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y e d s
Method
Chapter
are avaiinterpre
D.4
9.72 technoloFundamelementcomposbe repreindex wo
9.73 series, it
9.74 only to aand theweightinto their the comcompos
9.75 counterpnoticeabinstancegoods gtheir signecessaaggregalevels. Halso be these vaconside
9.76 change the clascomparacompariexamineFor the productclassific
dical Guide oPr
r 9 – Index C
ilable. The ptations.
Problem
Rebasinogies into ental chang
ts of the pritions of we
esentative oould becom
Howevet must not b
In spitea limited de
e individual ng, it is poscontent bef
mposition of ed of other
It is epart prior tble if highee conceivabgroups weregnificance
ary when reted indices
Higher aggredepicted foalues, howered in the co
A fundaon which th
ssifications able to a resison of the ed to what dformation oion values
cation item c
on the Indexroducts (Dom
Calculation
particularitie
ms
ng is the onthe basket ges in the crice survey. eighting schof the curren
e less autho
er, in additibe forgotten
e of the chaiegree if they 9-digit GP sible for bo
fore and afte the reportingoods types
equally posto rebasing,r-aggregatedle with revo
e not represhas increas
ebasing tak; no compa
egates coverr longer perever, the reontext of reb
amental prohe sub-divismeans that
stricted deg price indic
degree classof long pricis necessarcannot take
x of Producemestic Mark
P
es of the ca
ly way to int of goods composition If no rebasemes and s
nt productiooritative and
on to the ne
ning of indi are chainedcodes are ith elementaer rebasing.ng units sams.
sible that , making chd indices alutionary prented in thsed over ti
kes place. Iarable indexr larger prodriods with thestrictions abasing and o
oblem ariseion by econt individual
gree. Individuces before ification iteme index ser
ry as a rule. place until J
r Prices of Inket)
Page 18 of 18
alculation m
tegrate new and to upd
n of the samsings were samples, aftn range of t
d less realist
eed to impl
ces to form d. Since witincorporatedary and high. With elememple may b
individual haining impre newly-int
roduct lines e old indexime and inn some ca
x of the preduct groupshe aid of theand sourcesof chaining.
es for the fonomic activit elementaryual productsand after rms agree acries, an ove. If this valuJanuary of th
ndustrial
8
ust be take
products andate the wmples are aimplementeter a certainthe producetic.
ement reba
long time sh rebasing ad into the oher-aggregatentary indice changed;
elementarypossible. Thtegrated in and newly-dx because onclusion in ases, chainievious base; hence, the
e long seriess of error th
ormation ofties and gooy indices ans are allocatrebasing moccording to terlap of 80 ue is not ache new base
as pe
n into cons
nd above allweighting straccommodaed, and henn time the inrs of indust
sings and t
eries price ia new baskeoverall calcuted indices es, the num higher-aggr
indices cahis problemthe weighti
developed teof their lesse
the weightng is poss
e period is ae price deves for aggregahat have be
f long serieods types isnd the highted to otherore difficulthe old and t% measurechieved, thee year.
er: August 2
ideration w
l new produructures of
ated, and thnce there wndices woultrial product
the significa
indices are et of goods ulation with to show dif
mber of priceregated indi
annot be am becomes ing schemeechnologieser market sting schem
sible only wavailable olopment canates. When
een describe
s if the clas based. Thier aggregatr areas, mak. In these the new clas
ed against te depiction
019
hen making
ct lines and the index.
hus becomeere no newd no longerts; the price
ance of long
comparableis compiled a changed
fferences ase series andices may be
allocated aeven more
; this is fors. Individualsignificance;
e becomeswith higher-n the lowern frequentlyinterpretinged must be
assificationss change in
tes are onlyking a directcases, it isssifications.he sales or of the new
g
d .
e w r e
g
e d d s d e
a e r l ; s -r y g e
s n y t s . r
w
Method
Chapter of In
10. Sp A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. A.
10.1 standardthe prodterms olems ocwhich acomplexurementchangeswith loncharactethese va
10.2 to use liindividusibilities
10.3 tailed prthe evenchange tion to caccomm
10.4 survey asuch asportant mation fsurvey bgoods ty
dical Guide oPr
10 – Speciandividual Pro
pecial pro
OvervieMineraMachinData pShips aRepair ElectricNatura
Overvie
It is difd sales eveducts form af sales. Sin
ccur when itre manufactx that they ct is made ms in productng productioeristics whicarious cases
In princist prices or
ual goods tys exist for m
Comparroduct descnt of price cin quality, echanges in t
modated.
This chaand index cas the Interndata for othfrom secondby questioniypes, and th
on the Indexroducts (Dom
al Problems oducts
blems of
ew al oil produnery rocessing aand aircraft and installcity l gas
ew
fficult to imnts as prevan element ce however
t comes to ttured on a ocannot be cmore difficut and qualityon and delivch justify a ss.
ciple, there a price survepe and eachaking a pric
rable price ription whicchanges it ieach qualitythe physica
apter deals alculation. Wet, exchanghers. Chaptdary sourcesing the repo
hese are des
x of Producemestic Mark
P
individua
cts
appliances t lation servi
mplement priously descof the bask
r no regularthe monthlyone-off basicompared ovult because y. Seasonalvery periodsseparate vie
are several pys for modeh individual
ce report and
measuremech contains as made pos
y change reql properties
with differeWith some oge and preser 6 – Data s. Some of torting units mscribed in th
r Prices of Inket)
Page 1 of 12
al product
and electr
ices of mac
rice surveysribed. None
ket of goodsr, comparaby price surves or only at ver the peri of the prol products as. Certain pew in this ch
possibilitiesel products. l price surved which part
ents over sea precise dessible to disquiring adjuss, changed s
nt special pof these, usess publicati collection
the productsmonthly. Spe following
ndustrial
2
ts
onic compo
chinery and
for some petheless, pri because ofle purchasiey. These a certain timeods. With o
oduct particalso require roducts, in
hapter. Spec
s in the priceAn individu
ey with thesticularities m
everal periodefinition of tstinguish bestments in tsales condit
roducts whie is made ofons, whilst discusses ts discussed pecial formssections.
as pe
onents
d equipmen
products bice observatf their consing contractsre in most ces. Individu
other goods ularities sinspecial treaturn, are ty
cific solution
e survey. Foral decision e special pr
must be take
ds are alwayhe price repetween a puthe product tions must a
ich show paf secondary various ashe possibili here canno of collectio
er: August 2
nt
by monthly rtion is neceiderable sigs are conclucases special products types, the nce there aatment, as dypified by otns must be f
r instance, itmust be tak
roducts as ten into acco
ys contingepresentativeure price ch specificatioalso be reco
articularities sources of
ssociations ities of obta
ot be includeon are neede
019
1235678
10
reporting ofessary sincegnificance inuded, prob-ial products are also soprice meas-
are frequentdo productsther specialfound for all
t is possibleken for eacho what pos-unt.
ent on a de-s. Hence, inange and a
ons. In addi-ognised and
in the priceinformationprovide im-
aining infor-ed in a priceed for these
2 3 5 6 7 8 0
f e n -s o -t s l l
e h -
-n a -
d
e n --e e
Method
Chapter of In
B.
10.5 the devechanginhence a
10.6 holdingsopment
10.7 reportinvides inconsumket itemthe goodto varioplace wthe indivon a mo
Table 10
No. in Gcation 2
1920 21 1920 231920 251920 26 1920 26 1920 281920 291920 311920 31
1920 321920 42
. Weigh
10.8 are also
dical Guide oPr
10 – Speciandividual Pro
Minera
The development ing supply anlso with min
The prics in domest is incorpora
When cg units therformation option cases
ms, above alds classificaus buyer grith the aid ovidual bask
onthly basis.
0.1 Ba
GP classifi-2009
D
1 000 M
3 005 L5 000 J6 005 D
6 007 F
8 005/007 F9 502 M1 001 L1 002 L
i2 000 E2 500 B
i
hting share is c
For moto published
on the Indexroducts (Dom
al Problems oducts
al oil produ
velopment in the import
d demand sneral oil prod
ce survey fotic refineriesated in the o
calculating tre is close c
on typical tras which are l diesel fuelation systemoups. The dof informatio
ket items wit.
sket items f
Designation
Motor spirit (g
Light naphta et fuel (keros
Diesel fuel, so
Fuel oil, light,
Fuel oils, heavMotor, comprLiquid gas, foLiquid gas, nndustry)
Ethylene, proBitumen fromnsulating and
confidential.
tor spirit (ga on a month
x of Producemestic Mark
P
cts (GP09 -
in producer prices for cstructures leducts on the
or mineral ois. Prices are
overall index
the weightscooperation ading conditthen used i and light fu
m. A distinctidistribution on from theth mineral o
for mineral o
gasoline), inc to whol from pe
(light distillatsine) old to whol to large from pe
, sold to whol to cons
vy (heavy oilsressor and turor use as motoon-energetic
pylene, butylm crude petrod adhesive th
asoline), diehly basis, in
r Prices of Inket)
Page 2 of 12
- 19 2)
prices for mcrude petroleead to conside domestic m
il products te collected x.
s for the we with the Mtions (e.g. vn defining t
uel oil, thereion is madeof the weig
e Mineralölwoil products,
oil products
cluding aviatiesale
etrol stations te for use in t
esale e consumers etrol stations
esale umers s), not used arbine oils or heating fue (propane/bu
lene, butadieoleum (blackhermoplastic
esel fuel, asn addition to
ndustrial
2
mineral oil eum. The inderable pricmarket.
takes place for various
ighting scheineralölwirtsolume bougthe price repe is a greate between sp
ghts among wirtschaftsve, the price d
(GP09 - 192
on gasoline
the petrochem
as refinery fee
el (also propautane) for use
ne k or dark-brow material)
s well as ligo the price i
as pe
products deternational
ce fluctuatio
with those etypical sale
eme and coschaftsverba
ght and freigpresentativeer level of depecial consuthe individu
erband e.V. Tdevelopmen
2) - base per
mical industry
ed material
ane, chemicae in the petro
wn solid or s
ht fuel oil andices. The
er: August 2
epends verymarket conns in foreign
enterprises es events w
ompiling theand e.V. Theght basis) foes. With indetail than prumption casual types ofThe table bt of which i
riod 2015
Wst
b
y)
ally-pure) ochemical
semi-solid
absolute avee informatio
019
y heavily onditions withn trade, and
which havehose devel-
e sample ofe latter pro-
or individualividual bas-rescribed byses applyingf case takeselow showss published
Weighting share per thousand
base 2015 10,57
8,03 2,54 0,81 0,82
12,97 3,94 0,78 8,25 2,15 2,02 0,13 0,45 1,70
.
0,16 0,34
0,55
erage pricesn is catego-
n h d
e -
f -l -y g s s d
s -
Method
Chapter of In
rised bymarket ltions regthis. Seplisted intionally
10.9 the evenindividudeterminationalcapacitiunit in taccordintions. Toue is use
10.10 calationin the av
C.
10.11 with conthis areason of drecurringcollectio
10.12 el produ
10.13 which cable effotions, mmarket iresents might be
10.14 the manproduct
10.15 disposations. Tdetermi
dical Guide oPr
10 – Speciandividual Pro
y determinedlocations argarding the parate surve
n separate ta published a
When cnts are sub-ual sales evened by a nal weight of tes in Germathe respectingly calculato calculate ted.
Particul clauses. Fo
verage price
Machin
The mantracts and a, frequently
determined sg sales evenon.
Two meucts (model
Model pan be currenrt on the pa
must be comis to be asce the basket e possible to
Since thnufacturer ta can be repo
When cl. On the on
This goods ning charac
on the Indexroducts (Dom
al Problems oducts
d customer gre differentia descriptioney sheets arables in the
as prelimina
calculating tdivided intoent is calculational firm the firm in qany. This meive market lted as an arthe average
larly the aveor instance, es of fuel oil
nery (GP09
anufacture oeach individy no compasales eventsnt is hence n
ethods are epricing) and
products arently achieveart of the enpiled for a fertained on item and tho sell this pr
his hypotheakes place foorted, which
compiling a ne hand, it itype has a
cteristics; th
x of Producemestic Mark
P
groups and ated. In contn of the price used for th
e monthly pury report ab
he average o sales to whlated from tweighting. question wheans that nolocations . Trithmetic me annual pric
erage prices the adjustm in the past.
- 28)
of many madual producarable produs of machinenot possible
essentially ud – where po
e defined in ed on the manterprises. Pfictitious sta a monthly bhe reportingroduct in the
tical producor productio
h is then inp
model prods possible t
already beenhe product
r Prices of Inket)
Page 3 of 12
consumptiotradistinctio
ce representhe price surublication oout one wee
prices for liholesalers ahe market sEach price rhich correspo distinctionThe averageean from theces, the simp
s of fuel oil ament of gas
achines is frct showing cucts are manery really mae, and it is n
used in practossible only
the first mearket. The dPrecise prodandard prodbasis. One sg unit can ce period.
ct is not reaon, and afterut into the f
duct, the repto rely on ann produceddefinition a
ndustrial
2
on cases; witon to most otative for thervey. The moof the Federaek before th
ight fuel oil,and to the cosignificance report of a rponds to then is made be price for Ge average prple arithmet
are frequent prices was
requently tycustomer-spnufactured oanufacturednecessary to
tice in Germ in exception
ethod for whdefinition of duct specificuct, and theshould bear calculate on
lly traded or adding a purther index
porting unitsn actual prod and sold and the sale
as pe
th light fuel other baskete reporting
onthly resultal Statisticae publicatio
, two sales eonsumer. Th of the respereporting une share of thby the signifGermany perrices of the tic mean of t
tly used in coften coupl
ypified by thecific particover time, s is not poss
o rely on oth
any, namelynal cases –
ich the ente model prodcations, incle price that c in mind her a monthly
n the markerofit margin
x calculation
s have varioduct with reon the ma
es condition
er: August 2
oil additiont items, precunits are ne
ts on averagal Office. Theon date of th
events are dhe average pective repor
nit is weighthe firm in toficance of thr purchasing individual mthe twelve m
contracts wiled to the d
his taking pcularities. Paso that a prisible. The deher possibili
y the definit the use of li
erprise repoducts entailsluding the scan be achire that the p basis at wh
et, a cost ca the price fo
n.
us possibiliepresentativarket with tns are retai
019
nally variouscise instruc-ecessary for
ge prices areey are addi-e indices.
determined;price for therting unit asted with theotal refineryhe reportingg volume is
market loca-months’ val-
ith price es-evelopment
place in linearticularly ince compari-
efinition of aties of price
tion of mod-ist prices.
rts the prices considera-sales condi-eved on theproduct rep-hich price it
alculation ofor the model
ities at theirve specifica-these price-ned for the
s -r e -
; e s e y g s --
-t
e n -a e
-
e --e -t
f l
r --e
Method
Chapter of In
price reptime. A pother hahas sucachievaOffice.
10.16 tions arscriptionty, also portionaspecificahypotheproduct
10.17 with themade ofwhich ingrate a p
10.18 model pmodel foprice is developmarket spossible
dical Guide oPr
10 – Speciandividual Pro
port althougprice which and, it is poch propertieble prices a
In usingre determinen contains ininformation
ate fixed cosations is it p
etical produc is necessar
Because price-deterf the methon most caseproduct into
List pricproducts. Thor which thefrequently n
pment in thesituations. Ne by other m
on the Indexroducts (Dom
al Problems oducts
gh the prod can be achissible to de
es and qualare also det
g model proed in detail n addition t
n on workingsts, as well apossible to ct with one ry for each m
e of the marmining chad of model
es are indivio the price su
ces for stanis is possibl
e enterprise not a price ae medium teNonetheless
means in the
x of Producemestic Mark
P
uct is no loieved on thefine a hypotlity charactetermined on
ducts it is n and that tho the precis
g hours, macas the profitascertain coanother. A
monthly price
ajor effort inracteristics,products in dually manurvey which
dard modelle if the diffe can state a actually achierm since ths, list prices selected re
r Prices of Inket)
Page 4 of 12
onger sold ine market is cthetical proderistics that
n a monthly
ecessary thhey remain se materials chine perfort margin of tomparable pnew calculae survey.
nvolved for t, as well as rare cases.ufactured, t is identical
ls are also uerent version basic price ieved on the
hese list pric are only usporting unit
ndustrial
2
n the originacalculated foduct which wt it could b basis and
at the produconstant ov that are to rmance, costhe enterprisprices and toation of all i
the reporting the monthly However, p
there is freq for a longer
used in somns sold on t as a startinge market, buces as a ruleed in excep.
as pe
ally-definedor this produwas not pro
be producedreported to
uct definitiover a longer be used, sta
st for designse. Only by do compare tndividual pr
g units in dy price dete
particularly wuently no o
r time.
me cases as he market ag point for put at least ree are adjusttional cases
er: August 2
form at latuct each mo
oduced in thd. In such
o the Federa
ns and the sr period. A dating volumen and compodeterminingthe price reprice compon
etermining erminations,with comple
other possib
an alternatare based onpricing. This eflects the mted to changs if a price s
019
ter points inonth. On theis form, buta case, the
al Statistical
sales condi-detailed de-e and quali-onents, pro-
g the preciseports for thenents of the
the product use is only
ex machinesility to inte-
ive to usingn a standard basic or listmarket priceged costs orsurvey is not
n e t e l
----e e e
t y s -
g d t e r t
Method
Chapter of In
D.
10.19 tronic coensure twhich bare repla
10.20 ment inoccur. Btions; nethat theproduct suitable
10.21 until latquate eweightin
10.22 market) fictitiouslapping,quality cquality cteristics
10.23 speed, ted by th
10.24 connect
10.25 procedumethod
dical Guide oPr
10 – Speciandividual Pro
Data p
Rapid tomponent athat changeelong to theaced on the
Also, p the sector
Because of thew products
ere are no s specificatio
e quality corr
A furthee since this
early depicting in the ind
When a in Germanys prices is c, as describecharacteristchange of th manifestati
With PCthe type of pe price bein
The foltion being pr
[Formul
With
When aure for quali makes sens
on the Indexroducts (Dom
al Problems oducts
rocessing a
technologicaare refined wes in qualitye latest dev market by n
rice change since the phe faster pros with other standard proons, in particrection proc
er problem i is only posion of thesedex.
ascertainingy, account icalculated hed in Chaptics, the regr
he individuaion.
Cs, the priceprocessor orng depicted
lowing formresumed.
la 10.1]
P : fic
iM : pra : co
ir : re
applying hedity correctiose particula
x of Producemestic Mark
P
appliances
al change lewithin a veryy are quicklyelopments a
newer ones.
s of out-of-dproducts unoduct life cy quality charoducts overcular for gooedures mus
s that it mayssible in rebe products
g the index s taken of tere with theer 7 – Qualiression coefl characteris
e depends or the size ofas a functio
mula shows
a
P
log(
log
ctitious pricerice-determin
onstant factogression coe
donics, it shon which carly in the are
r Prices of Inket)
Page 5 of 12
s and electr
eads to a siy short perioy implemenat the time
date producder observa
ycles, the priracteristics r a longer pods from thest be applied
y not be posasing. Also is not poss
of the prodthese partice aid of regrty changes,fficients in estics. They a
n various chf the main mn of the vari
the calculat
rMra
MMf ,(
11
21
e of the prodning charact
or of regressefficient for
hould be takan only be seas which ar
ndustrial
2
ronic comp
tuation in wod. New technted and areof a rebasin
cts do not cation are soice reports apush out an
period. This e EDP field ad.
ssible to int with quicklysible in mos
ducer pricescularities witression mod is achieved
each case dare designat
haracteristicmemory. Funious price-d
tion method
n
Mr
M
...
),...,
22
duct teristics of p
sion characterist
ken into accsensibly usere typified b
as pe
onents (GP
which produhnologies ane present onng are very q
orrespond told off whenare subject tnd replace o leads to freand electron
egrate new y-changing st cases be
s of industrth the aid o
dels. By thesd. The functiepicting theed as shado
cs, includingctional depetermining c
d in German
nn Mr lo)
product i
tic i
count that thed in limitedy rapid tech
er: August 2
P09 - 26 1 a
ucts with a nd production the markequickly out-
to the genern technical to consideralder goods.
requent chanic compone
products intmarket shar
ecause of th
rial productsof hedonics.se means, dion dependse monetary vow prices of
g for instancendencies acharacterist
ny, a linear
i
i Mraog(
his is a highd cases. Ho
hnological ch
019
and 26 2)
strong elec-on methodset. Productsof-date and
ral develop-refinements
able fluctua- This meansnges in the
ents, so that
to the indexres, an ade-he constant
s (domestic A series of
double over-s on variousvalue of thef the charac-
ce processorare calculat-ics.
logarithmic
iM )
hly-complexowever, thishange.
-s s d
-s -s e t
x -t
c f -s e -
r -
c
x s
Method
Chapter of In
Table 10
Güterab
261 Elene
262 Copem
263 Coeq
10.26 a monthhere. Thondary becausewards wenterpriup by owto furthebasket i
E.
10.27 with themore, thintervalsFor this are exclshort-teindex ca
dical Guide oPr
10 – Speciandividual Pro
0.2 Overview
bteilung
ectronic coments and boar
omputer eripheral eqent
ommunicatioquipment
The prichly basis for he comprehesources. Th
e of the tranwholesale pr
ses via Eurown researcher ascertaintems are as
Ships a
Ships aese productshe productios. It is hencreason, gooluded whenrm statisticsalculation fo
on the Indexroducts (Dom
al Problems oducts
w of the pric
Goods
mpo-rds
2611 3
2611 3
2611 3
2612 2
2612 3
and quip-
2620 1
2620 1
2620 1
2620 1
2620 4
n 2630 2
ce index is c various 9-densive data e purchase
nsparency orices. Markeopean whole on the Inte hedonic prcertained.
and aircraft
and aircraft bs is that in mon cycle maye generally
ods classes 3 calculatings regulation
or the two 4-
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ce indices ca
kind
30 030/060
30 230/270/6
30 800/940
20 000
30 000
11 000
13 000
14 000
16 400
40 000
22 000/23 10
calculated inigit GP code necessary f prices of wf the market research d
esalers and rnet. Here, trice indices.
t (GP09 - 3
belong to gomost cases oy span very lnot possibl
30 11 – Shipg the baske, no price s-digit codes
r Prices of Inket)
Page 6 of 12
alculated by
Descr
Proce
670 IntegmemoAmplcro coSoundata Smar
Porta≤ 10 sonalDigitaing inunit acombDigitain thePrinteconneParts
00 Telepnetwodevel
n the Federaes. No traditfor listing th
wholesale aets German pdata are use passed on fthe prices of. By these m
0 11 and 3
oods divisioonly one-off long periodsle to carry ops, 30 12 Bot of goods
series are als. It would b
ndustrial
2
y hedonic me
ription
essors and co
rated multi-cory , other meifiers, other ontroller, incld, video, netprocessing m
rt cards
ble automati kg, such as l digital assisal automatic n the same hand an input
bined al automatic e form of syster, tele copieected to a co and accesso
phones for ceorks; basis stlopment of m
al Statisticational price she regressiore primarilyproducers’ pd here whicfor a fee. Thf direct mark
means, elem
0 30)
on 30 – Othproducts or s and new co
out a price soats and yacand in weig
lso collectede conceivab
as pe
ethods
ontrol circuits
hip circuits , emory electronic inuding microctwork and sim
machines
c data procelaptop and ntants and sim
data proceshousing at let and an out
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10.28 In contraclasses
Table 10
Goods c
3020
3091
3092
3099
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1 Regulat
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10 – Speciandividual Pro
use the me of effort be yet been do
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re also assigsing over the
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nance are oft
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3312
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3315
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10.35 sales leves from
dical Guide oPr
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Page 8 of 12
the most pvice. The prewhole and a
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2015 encloonsist of 29
of section 3e 2015 = 10
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019
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Germany
e index, prire invoiced m which sou
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d tariff tariff d tariff tariff rd tariff l tariff rs rd tariff l tariff
Wh kWh
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13.74 Re-0.51 Re-1.18 Re-1.53 Re-4.45 Re-2.67 Re-1.78 Re-
28.38 10.77 Re-17.61
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rious econo10.4 showstion comes.
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10.37 closely sources the pricand the from theformed spot ma
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The prilinked to t are used wes collected EPEX SPOT e homepagefor special-
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on the Indexroducts (Dom
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nergies Act (G
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08, 2018 I 47
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electricity.
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Gesetz für den066), last am
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ectricity is ty of the reseasurementstock mark
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ypified by fpective prims of the indet prices fro
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n Germany tt a variety ofFigure 10.2
orming the b
nergien) of 21Act of 17 July
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etz - EnWG) ohe Act of 20 J
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over timesy source. Vce series. In opean Energes are called
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of 7 July 2005uly 2017 (Fed
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Page 11 of 1
Germany
et consump
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y 11,630 MW
y 116,300 MW
y more than 5
umption casale to privatd to calculat
he other meaonsumption
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ith natural
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= 100
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14.29
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ng Table 10
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10.47 oil. It shvelopme
Figure 1
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40
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100
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160
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Jan
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Jan
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Page 12 of 1
ly, seasonaand Gaspoo
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fuel oil
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(each for th
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Jan
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Jan
15Ja
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019
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11. So A. B. C. D. E. F. G. A.
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Chapte
productsbase pestructureconditio
11.6 between2015. Wthe weigeffects differen
11.7 goods tyof goodsitems antypes. Tsignificaproductsdetermi
11.8 scheme sub-diviThis metthan doforeign sthe appcode levpercentaalso be
1 cf. on thProdukte
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
s changes oeriod are noe is no lon
ons.
On the n two base
When analysghtings havethe weightice of the we
One shypes of the s. No pricesnd of highe
The weights ance are attrs show a snation of the
It must that the apision to the thod harbou
omestic salesales, as is roximate wevel. Since tage terms acarried out o
his in greater e (Inlandsabs
on the Indexroducts (Dom
es of error
over time, reot possible. nger represe
occasion operiods. Tabing the struce to be tracengs on bas
eightings ma
hould also tclassificatio
s are therefoer aggregate which woulributed to thsimilar price weights, is
be taken inproximate w precise weurs possiblees. Firstly, tthe case wit
eights that tthe productamong the 9on the basis
detail: Floriaatz) auf Basis
x of Producemestic Mark
P
actions and With dynam
entative ove
f the rebasible 11.1 conctural shifts ed back to pse 2010 in ay be broken
take accounon of goods ore collectedes show as ld be alloca
he items selee developms precise in
to account aweights are cight, by con
e sources of he productith the salesthe structureion statistic9-digit GP cs of overall s
n Peter regars 2015” in Wi
r Prices of Inket)
Page 2 of 11
d changes tomic market
er time, and
ings, it is rentrasts the w attention sprice or qua table 11.1 n down into
nt in compi for product
d for these 9a represent
ated to thesected for the
ment. Wheth each case c
as a specialcalculated ontrast, takes error since tion statistic
s statistics. Ies of domescs are needcodes, absosales.
rding rebasiniSta 2/2019 p
ndustrial
1
o the sharess, there is d hence do
egularly anaweighting schould be pa
antity effects are valued a price indu
ling the wetion statistic9-digit GP cotative the pe 9-digit GPe basket of gher this kin
cannot be em
particulariton the basis s place on ththe productcs do not dt is therefor
stic and foreded to distrlute values
g 2015: “Indep.46 et seqq.
as pe
in the overahence the res not refle
lysed how tchemes of b
aid to which s. In order tod with priceuced share a
ighting schcs is not repodes; price rice develop
P codes on tgoods. It is pnd of attribmpirically ve
y in the deri of domestiche basis of ion values a
distinguish bre presumedeign sales aibute the a are not dec
ex der Erzeug
er: August 2
all index in trisk that thect the curr
the weightsbase 2010 a relation theo isolate thees of 2015.and a real sh
eme that apresented inindices of opment for tthe basis ofpresumed h
bution, and erified.
ivation of thc sales; a mo the producare differentbetween dod for the subre similar b
approximatecisive; distr
gerpreise gew
019
the ongoinge weightingrent market
are shiftedand of base
e changes ofe respective Hence the
hare1.
number ofn the basketother baskethese goodsf their sales
here that the hence the
he weightingore detailedtion values.ly delimited
omestic andb-division ofelow 4-digit weights in
ribution can
werblicher
g g t
d e f e e
f t t s s e e
g d .
d d f t n n
Method
Chapte
Table 11
05 Coal a
06 Crude 08 Other m10 Food p11 Bevera12 Tobacc13 Textile14 Wearin15 Leathe16 Wood
article17 Paper a18 Printin19 Coke a20 Chemi21 Pharm22 Rubbe23 Glass a
quarry24 Basic m25 Fabrica26 Compu27 Electri28 Machin29 Motor 30 Other v31 Furnitu32 Other m33 Repair
equipm35 Energy36 Water 383 Recyc
* c = con 11.9 taken inthe app
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
1.1 Weightireal sha
Di
nd lignite
petroleum anmining and q
products ages co products
es ng apparel er and relatedand of produs of straw anand paper pro
ng and recordand refined pcals and cheaceutical and
er and plasticsand glass pro
ying products metals ated metal pruter, electroncal equipmennery vehicles andvehicles ure manufacturedr, maintenancment y and services and services cling products
nfidential
Secondnto considerroximate we
on the Indexroducts (Dom
es of error
ing schemeares
visions of GP
nd natural gaquarrying prod
d products ucts of wood ad plaiting maoducts ing services etroleum promical producd similar preps products oducts, clay,
roducts ic and optica
nt
parts of mot
d goods ce and install
s of distributi of distributios
dly, productiration wheneights amon
x of Producemestic Mark
P
2010 and
P2009
s ducts
and cork, excaterials
ducts cts parations
manufactured
al products
or vehicles
ation of mach
ion of energy on of water
ion statistic deriving th
ng the indivi
r Prices of Inket)
Page 3 of 11
2015, sub-
ept furniture;
d mining and
hinery and
s contain ne weightingidual basket
ndustrial
1
division of
Weight
2010 2p
1
c *
c * 3.76
98.31 16.50
5.90 5.90
c * 1.96
; 12.51 21.77 14.46
c * 51.85 12.40 37.79
d 24.10 54.95 63.70 28.98 39.12 68.21 97.65 10.63 12.29
9.31
25.69 207.61
10.81 8.72
o consumptg scheme. Fot items, the
as pe
the change
per thousand
2010 in rices of 2015
20
2 4
c *
c * 3.98 3
104.66 1017.22 16
6.64 46.17
c * 42.10
13.17 1321.79 2013.85
c * 52.05 4811.66 38.99 40
24.59 251.62 4963.40 7023.77 2639.50 3870.58 8096.16 10410.88 1412.94 1
9.63 10
26.88 2207.23 194
11.29 17.26 1
tion taxes wor this reaso correspond
er: August 2
e into price-
d Changagain
p
015 total
4 3 – 1
c *
c * 3.65 -2.92.46 4.26.18 -1.94.85 -17.85.60 -5.04.49 1.83 -6.6
3.81 10.30.94 -3.812.5 -13.5
8.25 -6.911.4 -8.00.45 7.0
5.37 5.29.54 -9.80.12 10.06.40 -8.98.25 -2.20.00 17.24.32 6.84.45 35.92.46 1.30.30 10.6
7.97 8.84.66 -6.21.38 5.22.71 45.7
which howevon, prior to
ding consum
019
related and
ges 2015 as nst 2010 in percent
of which
real
3 - 2 ./.
./.
./.
./.
3 -8.40 2 -2.10 4 -6.02 0 -26.94 8 -9.20
3 -13.00
9 4.83 1 -3.91 5 -9.74
4 -7.31 6 -2.24 4 3.73
7 3.17 5 -4.03 8 10.60 0 11.08 2 -3.17 8 13.35 3 8.49 4 32.85 8 -3.72 3 6.92
8 4.06 4 -6.07 7 0.80 6 75.06
ver must bedistributing
mption taxes
d
e g s
Method
Chapte
are addFederal
C.
11.10 is proneresults ba combiFor this in this scan be t
11.11 Chapter 9-digit Gwith thethe spec
11.12 and fromof all satheir enestablisenterprithe baskbe founStatistic
C.1
11.13 The selethe 4-di4-digit cgoods. basket iindividucannot bgroups wsame 4-which in
11.14 other gobeen coeven if tindividudegree tthe bask
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
ed to indiviStatistical O
Sample
The inde to error, wby users of tination of cureason, no e
section whictaken to min
The samr 5 – SampleGP codes aree selection ocific product
The mam the incorreales events o
tirety. The mhments at ses with 20ket of goodsd on the Int
cal Office.
Basket o
The proection takes git GP code
code is reachProduct groitems are fo
ual product be remediedwith a diffe-digit code tncreases con
The prioods types ompiled, thethe market
ual goods into include nket items in
on the Indexroducts (Dom
es of error
dual 9-digitOffice, with t
es
dex is calculawhich must bthe statisticsut-off procedexact determch sources nimise these
mples are ces). The base determineof the enterpts are select
ain sources ect selectionof industrialmain source
9-digit GP 0 and more ws and the saternet in the
of goods
oduction val place with ts, 9-digit GPhed. This mups with on
ormed. The dgroup bein
d until a newrent price dto be missinnsiderably n
ce developmwhich are n
e selection aconditions c
ncreases, thnew goods, terms of the
x of Producemestic Mark
P
t GP codes. the aid of wh
ated with thbe taken ints. The sampdures and tamination of tof error are
e errors.
compiled in ket of goodd for which prises whichted by the re
of error emn in the sam products so
e in deriving code leveworkers, andample of repe Fachserie
ues of the bthe aid of a P codes are ethod does nly small wedecision herng viewed iw rebasing tdevelopmenng from the
not to be inc
ment of thenot includedand the corchange befo
his cannot bnamely onlye goods clas
r Prices of Inket)
Page 4 of 11
The basis fohich the bas
he aid of diffto account iples used in argeted selethe samplin implied in
each rebass is ascerta price surveyh supply prieporting unit
erge primarmple. In prod
old at homeg the sampll. These bad form the dporting unitsand in the q
base year are cut-off proc included un not make aeights are pre lies with ndividually.takes placet than the o basket of gluded in the
e individuald in the basrresponding ore the nextbe accommy on conditissification sy
ndustrial
1
or this is fosket items in
ferent sampn interpreta the producection; classg errors is pthe selectio
sing in a thined in a firsys are to beice reports ats with their
rily from theducer price se by domestes is informasic statistidecisive bass. Detailed iquality repo
e vital to selcedure. On tntil at least ll 9-digit GPplaced in otthe staff of Errors may. It would bone observegoods, or foe basket of g
basket itemsket of good weights remt rebasing isodated. It ion that thesystem.
as pe
rmed by then question a
les. Each typtions and in
er price statiical randomossible. It is
on procedur
ree-stage sst step. In d implementeas reportingr price-deter
e compositiotatistics, theic firms; the
mation on prics are as sis for selectinformation rt on the ho
lecting the inhe basis of t a 60% cum codes an ether goods the Federal y occur in te possible fed for the sor 9-digit cogoods.
ms must beds. Once thmain constas carried ouis also onlyse products
er: August 2
e fiscal statre adjusted
pe of sampln the furtheistics are de
m samples ars therefore ire and whic
selection prodoing so, reped. The nex
g units. In thrmining char
on of the ue universal
ey cannot beroduction vaa rule coll
ting the com on these stomepage of
ndividual bathe weightin
mulative covelement of thgroups, and Statistical Othese decisfor instance elected item
odes the sig
e representae basket of
ant for a lonut. If the sigy possible ts are to be a
019
istics of the.
le formationr use of the
etermined inre not used.nvestigatedh measures
ocedure (cf.presentativet step deals
he last step,racteristics.
niversal setset consistse covered inalues of thelected from
mposition oftatistics can the Federal
asket items.ng shares oferage of thehe basket ofd combinedOffice, eachsions which for product
ms from thenificance of
ative of thef goods hasnger period,nificance ofto a limitedattributed to
e
n e n .
d s
. e s ,
t s n e
m f
n l
. f e f
d h h t e f
e s , f
d o
Method
Chapte
11.15 terms ofdepictiochanges
11.16 index ovbasket oforming and auth
11.17 betweenlonger prebasingunless tperiod oproductsplace in
C.2
11.18 selectedsamplin
11.19 statisticThe numproduct those wwhen secoveredthe prod
11.20 Firstly, tprevente9-digit Gbe acco
11.21 a targetein the sein the ssubsidiemay earsmaller since smthe givea differe
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
This mef sales to n
on of extrems are not cle
It shouver a longerof goods be long time shoritativene
When cn topicality aperiod is mags, whilst onhe compilat
of five yearss (domestic most instan
Reportin
Once td in a secog error cann
The decs, which prmber of rep group and
with the highelecting to e by the ente
duction of th
This grthe numbered by using
GP codes bummodated w
Seconded sample. election; thisample. Fores within larn different enterprisesmaller and men basket iteent price dev
on the Indexroducts (Dom
es of error
ethod makeot be includ
me price chaar until the
ld also be tr period onlefore and aferies; interp
ess of the lon
compiling aand compar
ade more din the other tion of the bs is set as ac market) – nces at regu
ng units
he basket ond step. Thnot be ascer
cision for trovide produporting unitsthe price dis
hest sales aensure that erprises in thhe basket ite
adual methr of reportin profound mt also the nuwhen determ
dly, the wronIn most casis means thar this reasorge enterpriprices and . If only themedium-sizeem) in ordervelopment t
x of Producemestic Mark
P
es it possiblded in the ianges particrebasing sin
aken into ay makes lim
fter rebasingpretations arng series is
and updatinrability. On tfficult becahand the prasket of goon interval foand also folar intervals
of goods hhis selectiotained.
he selectiouction values for each bspersion ob
are definitely as high a phe sample; tem in questi
hod may leang units permethods. Adumber of enmining the s
ng enterprisees, the amoat it is primaon, there mises are notachieve difse large ented enterprisr to occupy mhan the reco
r Prices of Inket)
Page 5 of 11
le for new pndex calcul
cularly in thnce then the
ccount in thmited sense g. These pare not alwayprovided in
ng the baskthe one hanuse of adjurice index noods is renewor rebasingsor most othes, the base y
has been cn is also a
n of individes for the inbasket item
bserved in thy included ipercentage athis frequenion.
ad to errorsr basket iteditionally, t
nterprises onsample size.
es may be sount of the parily the ma
may be distt taken into fferent priceterprises areses may focmarket nichorded trend
ndustrial
1
products witation for a e context o
e sample is r
his context t because ofrticularities ys possible. Chapter 9 –
ket of goodnd, the comstments caro longer depwed at regulas for the inder price statyears ending
compiled, tha targeted s
dual enterpndividual en
m is determihe past; the in the sampas possible
ntly depends
s and distoem can be she spread on the respec
elected. Theproduction vjor enterpris
tortions sinc account. A
e changes be representeus on manues. These s of the baske
as pe
th comparablonger periof product in
re-collated.
that the comf the differe must be ta A critical vie
– Index calcu
s, a comprparison of t
rried out to picts the curar intervals.
dex of produtistics in Geg in 0 or 5.
he respectivsample, so
rises is basnterprises atned from th enterprises
ple. Addition of the sales on the deg
rtions occuselected inc
of the price dtive market
e enterprisesvalue is a deses of the sece spatial dlso, sector-dy means of
ed in the saufacturing sppecial produet item.
er: August 2
bly high sigod, thus prentroductions
mparability ent composiken into acew of the coulation.
romise musthe price indthe basket rrent market For this rea
ucer prices oermany. Reb
ve reportingthat the ex
sed on the t 9-digit GP he market
s are selectenally, an effes of this gogree of conc
urring in sevcorrectly. Thdevelopmen of the bask
s are selecteecision-makector that cadifferences dominating f mass prodample, errorspecial products can cer
019
nificance ineventing thes. Structural
of the pricetions of thecount when
omparability
t be struckdices over aof goods int conditions
ason, a fixedof industrialasing takes
g units arextent of the
production code level.size of that
ed such thatfort is madeoods type iscentration in
veral areas.his is to bent within theket item is to
ed by takinging criterionan be found
and cross- enterprisesuction thans may occuructs (withinrtainly show
n e l
e e n y
k a n s d l s
e e
n . t t e s n
. e e o
g n d -s n r
n w
Method
Chapte
11.22 original particulatoo longregularlyaid of up
11.23 Each inaccommongoing
C.3
11.24 the reposelectedof indivconditioinformatfacilitatesheet anhoweveunambigcan act complet
11.25 the seleincomplequally specificado not pare examnecessarepresen
11.26 represenincludedproductssince onof the pand whe
D.
11.27 price reindividu
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
A furthe selection oar on markeg, distortiony examiningp-to-date inf
This madividual ba
modated. Errg price surve
Price rep
The pricorters to be d and what svidual salesons are hention on the e a clear idend contacts r not be exguous identin an advisote.
Possiblection of thelete, there i
possible tations are nportray the mined in th
ary, the stantatives by c
Anothentatives for d in the prics although tnly the repoprice represeere appropri
Data su
The datports to the
ual steps of
on the Indexroducts (Dom
es of error
er source off reporting u
ets with a hins occur in g the selectioformation on
akes it clear asket item mrors made in
ey.
presentative
ce represen given clearsignificance events an
nce contain product defentification named at th
xamined in tification of ory capacity
e sources oe sales evens a risk thahat the rep
not unambigactual mark
he Federal Saff of the contacting t
r source otoo long. Th
ce survey. Intheir significrting units hentatives caate change
urvey
ta survey is e Federal St data transm
x of Producemestic Mark
P
f error is thaunits can nogh degree othe calcula
on of the repn the produc
that no autmust be inn selecting
es
tatives are sr rules accoe this has fod instructio
ned in the finitions andwithin the e
he Federal Seach case specific sal
y here, and s
f error in thents. If the det prices for porting unitguous. This ket conditioStatistical OOffice strivhe reporting
f error conhe danger exn such casescance withinhave informaan be avoide the descript
carried out otatistical Ofmission, sta
r Prices of Inket)
Page 6 of 11
at the seleco longer be of innovatioted price dporting unitsction values
omatic methdividually lthe reportin
selected by rding to whr the overal
ons on the survey guid
d the sales enterprise.
Statistical Ofsince each les events. strive to ens
e sample of escriptions o products ofts pass on should be ns. For this
Office as to ves to ensg units direc
nsists of thxists of new s, the reportn the enterpation on theed by regulations.
on a monthlffice. Possibrting with e
ndustrial
1
ction of the representatn. If the wroevelopments, in particus.
hods can beooked at ang units are
the enterprhich the repl index. Precspecificatio
delines. It conditions For this reasffice. The in price reporThe staff of
sure that the
f price represof the produf different q list pricesavoided wh reason, thetheir compure the cotly.
e reporting and high-sating unit conprise is fallineir productioarly request
ly basis by tble sources
rroneous in
as pe
reporting untive becauseong reportint. This is prlar for innov
e used to selnd particul
e highly labo
ises themseresentative cise require
on of the pis importanof the priceson, aids arformation frrter uses thf the Federae informatio
sentatives auct and of thquality are res or averagerever posse price-deteleteness an
omplete des
g unit retaiales goods sntinues to reng. This erroon structuresing the repo
the reportingof error canformation fr
er: August 2
nits is out oe of structurg units are
revented in vative marke
lect the repoarities and orious to co
elves. It is v sales eventments for throducts andnt to provide representare stated onrom the enteeir own de
al Statisticalon provided
are to be fouhe sales coneported ove
ge prices bsible since termining chand unambigscription of
ning out-ofspecificationeport pricesor cannot bes. However,orting units
g units passn be found rom the rep
019
of date. Theral shifts, inretained forpractice by
ets, with the
orting units. exceptionsorrect in the
vital here forts are to behe selectiond the salesde detailed
atives whichn the surveyerprises canfinitions forl Office onlyis clear and
und firstly innditions areer time. It isecause the
these pricesaracteristics
guity. Wheref the price
f-date pricens not being for uniforme prevented overageing to examine
sing on theirhere in the
porting units
e n r y e
. s e
r e n s d h y n r y d
n e s e s s e e
e g
m d g e
r e s
Method
Chapte
via proband erro
11.28 the plauwith thecorrect, explanadetailedinformatnoted smust bebe ableattachesseparatevalid prithe repoand hen
11.29 Federal online e
11.30 Statisticdetectedto the adjustmerror in restrictesubjectiit may hand indvariableprice repsegmenindex caidentifiecarried o
11.31 missingthere is be delivcalculatavailabl
11.32 replacemextrapolthe staf
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
blems with toneous plau
If one fusibilised dae reporting u and hencetory notes a
d product dtion in ordero that this
e made cleare to uncoves in this cone input tempice-determinorting unit cnce recognis
After thStatistical O
entry must b
The inscal Office fod. If unusuareporting u
ments to the data plausiedly with errve decision
happen occadeed are alses in the repports are net, no enquir
alculation. Oed are the out.
In addi. Missing re no price repvered until ion and the.
If a pricment as qulated with sff of the Fed
on the Indexroducts (Dom
es of error
transmissiosibilisation.
follows the pata for the inunits themse cause an assumes condescriptions.r to clearly dcan be takerly aware of r each type
ntext to the cplate is dispning charactan at any ti
se and check
e prices havOffice. Heree user-friend
spection of or their respal price channit. Here, c reported daibilisation cror checks ws which req
asional that so not remeport, it is precessary. If ry is made oOnly when ureporting un
ition to plaesponses wport, the repit is too late price ser
ce series oruickly as pouitable meth
deral Statist
x of Producemestic Mark
P
n, through t.
path taken bndex calculaelves. The p erroneous nsiderable s. The price-
describe theen into accothe significa
e of changecomprehens
played for eateristics areme underst
k erroneous
ve been fille too, possibdly in order t
the incomipective goodnges are repcauses are ata and to idonsists of t
which can buire conside erroneous edied. If theresumed thathe price ch
of the reportunusual chanits asked
usibilisationith individuporting unit te, it is posies are extr
r a reportingossible. In hods. The dtical Office.
r Prices of Inket)
Page 7 of 11
to errors in
by the priceation, the firprice report response. significance.-determining price represount in the ance of the pe and avoidsible designach individue noted. By and the pric and illogica
ed in by the ble causes to prevent p
ng price reds groups. Eported for in
enquired adentify the rethe fact thatbe clearly sperable markprice reporte reporting at there wehange is in ating unit, annges occur as to poss
n, it must ual price ser is contacte
ssible that trapolated w
g unit is pethe meant
ecision as tThere is a
ndustrial
1
system inp
e reports frorst potentialer can repoFor this re
. A central rog charactersentative. Efurther inde
precise defid erroneousn of the inpual price reprthe possibilces reportedal informatio
reporting fiof error sho
possible erro
eports is effErroneous ddividual pri
about in oreasons for tt in price stpecified. Theket and prodts are not di
unit has nore no, and an interval w
nd the reporto the priceible causes
also be claries can be d. Since the
the new repwith suitabl
rmanently lime, also io which metrisk of a me
as pe
put in the Fe
m the repor source of ert data whic
eason, the ole is playedistics must ach type of qex calculationitions since responses
ut templatesresentative, lity to call ud in previouon early.
rm, the dataould be minors.
fected by thdata entry ace represenrder to be he price chaatistics it ise processor
duct knowledscovered inot changed hence also which is cusrted price is es for which s, and nece
arified what either temp
e current priport is not ie methods
ost, an atten this casethod makesethod being
er: August 2
ederal Statis
rting unit to error can be ch are impreprecise formd here by co contain alquality chanon. The repe this is the
s. Decisive ss in the onlin on which th
up earlier ons periods u
a are transmimised. The
he staff of and implausntatives, a q
able to caange. A majs possible trs must freqdge. As a re
n the plausib the price d no adjustmstomary for included in no explana
essary adjus
to do wheporary or peice report mncluded in until new
empt is made the price
s sense hereg selected w
019
stical Office
passing on found to lieecise or notmulation ofomments onl necessary
nge must beorting firms only way tosignificancene survey. Ahe currently-nline prices,nder report,
mitted to thee process of
the Federalsibilities areuery is sentrry out anyor source ofo work only
quently takeesult of this,bility check,determining
ments to the this marketn the furtheration can bestments are
en data areermanent. If
may then notthe currentreports are
de to find a series are
e is taken bywhich is not
e
n e t f
n y e s o e A -, ,
e f
l e t y f y e , , g e t r e e
e f t t e
a e y t
Method
Chapte
optimal extrapol
11.33 productsselectedvalue ofestimatireports Statisticthe 9-difor the ewith sea
E.
11.34 Statisticthe samin Chaptevent ofmeasurehere thaAdjustm
11.35 advancedetermithat theprice cochange considereportedrepresenmakes iand conconspiccalculatenquirie
11.36 price elelead to quality ocomes tIf an incalculat
11.37 technicain the a
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
for the prodlation metho
In the cs, distortion
d. Also it is f the previoion proceduare availab
cal Office, angit GP code extrapolatedasonal produ
Quality
After thcal Office. Th
mple must beter 7 – Qualf changed qement of that changes
ments in both
In ordee that a chaning charac
e staff at theomponent. Iof the pricered in the fu
d price chantatives of t possible w
nsider a chauous price ion of the
es are made
Variousement. The satisfactory
of the additto the decisincorrect meion; this als
Quality al change. Hreas data p
on the Indexroducts (Dom
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case of tempns may occfrequently m
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y changes
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quality into ae product sin quality m
h areas mus
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without remange in qualichange camindex that .
s methods a proceduresy results. Thional informions which athod is ap
so leads to d
adjustmentHedonics arerocessing a
x of Producemestic Mark
P
n question. Tain product g
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l data have tails that ch account. Th. The aim he
a quality anince this is may concerst be implem
ne the correity has take
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re conceivas are appliehe selectionmation availaare to be takplied in sp
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Page 8 of 11
This is prevegroups.
sing data, amethod to eble with a nevious mont
ay be depictd and only e to always se the pricearily-missingapter 6 – Da
been collecanged qual
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ect method n place with
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ble when sud at the Fe of the metable. Howevken. A check
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and electron
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1
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ents. This at
er: August 2
ions being d
instance wiseries is nopare the indformed withths since noe used. In er of price sarable goodprocedure f
rocessed in price represorrection are
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o be taken id the sales of quality co
t must be res. Changes ihe price survge into a que price repoprice changare only carts of the iven for thisg enterprisee reporting resumed forh this produ
nge into a q which moson the volu
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ch are subjce for qualitttempts to e
019
drawn up for
th seasonalot optimallydex with theh the aid ofo new pricethe Federal
series withins as a basisfor instance
the Federalentatives ofe presented
hange in theected in thento account conditions.orrection.
cognised inin the price-vey form, souality and aorters. If noges are fullyrried out if aother prices. This alsoe to uncoverunit and no
r the furtheruct, and no
uality and at frequentlyme and theude when itmost cases.
urther index
ect to rapidy correction
evaluate the
r
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Method
Chapte
individuoccurrinquality objectivrelates fform of tone of th
F.
11.38 clarifiedindustrianotifies reporter
11.39 be replaconstanonly takreplacemseries.
11.40 ongoingaccommelementrapidly-goccurringoods developsince re
11.41 goods bbasket ireplacemnecessa
G.
G.1
11.42 two stepcombinethrough
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
ual quality cng with this
changes anve values, bufor instance the regressihe most pre
Produc
A furthd how to deal products this itself, rs because t
If out-oaced. This ist in the Fed
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components method is
nd the resuut this calcu to the selecion functioncise method
ct replacem
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f-date produs the only waderal Statisthin a base pcts may be
oods newly lculation. Itd revolutionket of goodsrket shares rly at the beprovide a rtechnologiea rule are on
the dynamics represently possible of the new
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he data haveirst step, th an elemenall index of t
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appearing t is only onary producs. This methare not acco
eginning of prepresentatis may as a r
nly carried o
cs of the envative as thein the cont
w goods on
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Page 9 of 11
oducts with athematical Indices caso based onprice-determed. Quality
arly when it c
ew goods
missing for data. Whenssing data ahe Federal
d any reports
ntained in ththe selectionuntil the nedividual caswhich are th
on the maron rebasingcts with sufhod can leadommodatedproduct intrive picture result not beut every five
vironment ae interval to text of reba
n the marke
available in ments of the the secon
er prices of in
ndustrial
1
the aid of connection
alculated byn subjective
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r entire pricn calculatinare either deStatistical Os in a period
he sample, tn representaxt rebasinges. Particulahen deploye
rket cannot g that the fficiently higd to a situat
d in the inderoduction ar of the me accommode years.
and the flexithe base yesing. If the
et increases
plausibilisee individuald step formndustrial pro
as pe
regression is suggest
y these meae assessmenacteristics owith the aid ynamic mark
e series. Ing the indexetermined wOffice make d.
these price ative. The ba; adjustmenarly with proed in place
always be changed m
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er: August 2
models. Oted betweenans appear nts and decr to the dec
of hedonicskets.
n this case, x of producwhen the re enquiries o
representatasket of goonts to the boduct losses of a pre-ex
accommodmarket conion values
ch products too late. Prted here; th
ation. Abov index until
markets, ths. An adjust the necess sign that
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019
ne problemn individual to express
cisions. Thisision on the
s is however
it must beer prices ofporting unitof the price
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which haveice changes
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Method
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11.43 calculatbasket iprice-rep
11.44 the indivlower m
11.45 methodat the leare largeconditioSecondlrepresenare as adevelop
G.2
11.46 indices sales aelement
11.47 are detetime. Thsamplesvolumesindex thindividu
11.48 when rdisappeinterim marketsParticulait is precgoods.
11.49 out on thence d
11.50 expensiv
2 For a cricf. Chapt
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
The Cares the averatem. The indporting ente
By treatvidual firmsarket signifi
The imp. Firstly, the
evel of the bely homoge
ons. One mly, the sentativeness.a rule in co
pment of the
Aggrega
An elemare combinend producttary index is
The indermined in the weights rs are calculs. The aggreherefore takeual products
Throughebasing is
earance of oby the inde
s change ovearly when incisely these
This prothe occasioneviating ind
A furthve are repla
itical observater 9 – Index
on the Indexroducts (Dom
es of error
rli index is uage of the mdividual pric
erprise.
ting the vars is not takeicance are in
pact of this e elementaryasket items neous as to
may thereforlection of . The select
ompetition w individual p
ation
mentary inded on the bion values calculated
dex is calculathe base peemain conslated. By thegation of te place with are not inp
h the use o carried ou
old productsex calculatioer time, but ntroducing r which are n
oblem shoun of the reb
dex trends.
er problem aced by che
ation of the Ccalculation.
x of Producemestic Mark
P
sed when fomeasuremen
ce reports a
ious price sn into accounput to the s
potential sy indices are (as a rule 9
o their matere presume
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with one anprice represe
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depending o
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hese meanshe individu the same wut into the in
f the Laspeyut. Increasis and the apon. This runs reactions toevolutionarynot depicted
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in using thaper ones,
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Page 10 of 1
orming the ets by forminre weighted
series of a bunt. This mesame degree
source of ere formed on-digit GP co
erial compos a similar rting units ver the lion
nother. For tentatives is
d for each iweights of t
dividual gooon their sha
he aid of theing the signhe next reba, the index
ual elementaweights overndex calcula
yres index, ing market ppearance os the risk oo this are ony products, d if the new
r not be ovee so far onl
he Laspeyreand hence
comparison t
ndustrial
1
elementary ing the arithm equally, reg
asket item eeans that pre as price ch
ror is minimn as disaggredes). For thisition and aprice deve
primarily ’s share of tthis reason, similar in at
item of the he weightin
ods types; are in the ove
e Laspeyres ificance of t
asing, when shows theary indices r a fixed peration until th
adjustment significancof new onesof distortionnly possible special pric product is n
erestimatedly shown re
s index is tthe structur
o other calcu
as pe
ndex at the metic mean ogardless of t
equally, theice changes
hanges amo
mised in Geregated a levs reason, ths to the corlopment onstrives fo
the respecti one may pt least the m
basket of gg scheme. Tthe weightierall sales o
formula. To the individu a new weig pure price and the cal
riod; changehe next reba
s to the wece of prods, cannot bes since the
e at establisce developmnot yet an e
. Regular telatively sligh
that producre of the pro
lation metho
er: August 2
lower level2
of all price sthe sales vo
e market sigs of reportinng the mark
rmany by thvel as possihe price reprrrespondingn functioninr a high ive goods mpresume tha
medium term
goods. TheseThese are baing of each
of domestic p
this end, fixual basket itghting schem change wilculation of es in the sigasing takes p
ights are onucts, as w
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ments can blement of th
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cts which aroduction va
ods for eleme
019
2. This indexseries of theolume of the
gnificance ofg firms with
ket leaders.
he followingble, namelyresentatives
g productionng markets.
degree ofmarket. Theyat the price
m.
e individualased on the
h individualproduction.
xed weightstems at thisme and newth constant
f the overallgnificance ofplace.
nly possiblewell as thedated in theon dynamic
on rebasing.e observed;
he basket of
ions carriedl shifts and
re relativelylues can be
ntary indices
x e e
f h
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l e l
s s w t l f
e e e c . ; f
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Method
Chapte
changedaccommare idenprice deOnly in awhen supossible
11.51 rebasinglimited c
dical Guide oPr
r 11 - Source
d. This formmodated if thntical with eevelopmentsa rebasing isubstitutionse, and are in
A new gs occur. Hecomparabili
on the Indexroducts (Dom
es of error
m of substituhe index accach price le
s. It is not pos it possible
s occur acrondeed carrie
weighting sere, the indty of long se
x of Producemestic Mark
P
ution, namecording to Laevel, even if ossible to dee to adjust thoss basket d out where
scheme andex in each beries which c
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Page 11 of 1
ely the volumaspeyres is replacemenepict this fohe weights. items. Repl
e necessary.
d new sampbase periodcover severa
ndustrial
1
me change used. The font products orm of subst The describacements w
ples are cald is calculatal base perio
as pe
caused by ormula presare availablitution when
bed effect howithin indivi
lculated at ed on a diffods.
er: August 2
changed prsumes that tle which shon calculatinowever only idual baske
regular inteferent basis
019
rices, is notthe volumesow differentg the index. takes place
et items are
ervals when, leading to
t s t .
e e
n o
Method
Chapter qu
12. Or A. B. C. A.
12.1 several rebasinggoal of Laspeyrecombiniof a basout eversamples
12.2 data, intime schthe rebarequisitereliabilitconditio
12.3 produceorganisaschedulmeasure
12.4 (approxiimpleme
B.
12.5 updatedregularlystatisticend of tshown iinfluenc 1 Councilrecently ap. 26).
dical Guide oPr
12 - Organiuality assura
rganisatio
IntroduRebasiIndex c
Introdu
The indsteps. Somgs, whilst oascertaininges index is aing the elem
se period. Anry five yearss (basket of
The goacluding am
heduling of tasing. Everye quality at ty are guara
on of consist
This cher prices of ation of theing of deades applied b
The desimately eveented on a m
Rebasi
When rd. This meay, usually a
cs regulationthe new basin the figure
ce on the tim
l Regulation (amended by
on the Indexroducts (Dom
sation and ance
on and qu
uction ng
calculation
uction
dex of produe of the wothers are im
g the indiceapplied, wh
mentary indin adjustmens on rebasin goods, repo
al of the Feongst otherthe individuy single act the scheduanteed, andtent quality.
apter succe industrial pe individual dlines. This by Federal St
scription is ry five years
monthly bas
ing
rebasing taans that boat five-year n1, these adjse period. Toe below. Th
ming of a reb
(EC) No 1165/ Regulation (E
x of Producemestic Mark
ality assu
ucer prices oorking procemplementeds is to portrich uses coces. Quanti
nt of the weig. This invo
orting units,
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ual working sivity must buled time. Ud correct int
essively discproducts (do working steis accompatatistical Off
broken dows) (weightingis for the ind
kes place, oth the wei intervals. justments ho this end, the greyed-oubasing, are d
/98 of 19 MaEU) No 461/2
r Prices of Inket)
Page 1 of 9
urance
of industrialesses are cad regularly iray the purenstant weigitative changhting to thlves adjustm price repres
stical Office eir prompt asteps both ibe organiseUsers can onterpretation
cusses the omestic maeps, the ca
anied by a dfice.
wn into procg scheme, sdex calculat
the basis ighting scheDue to the
have to be imthree differeut steps, th
discussed in
ay 1998 conce2012 of the Eu
ndustrial
l products (darried out atn the month
e price deveghts of the bges are hene current mament both osentatives).
is to guaraand in-time in the monthd to enablenly make us of the calc
individual sarket). The fpacities needescription
cedures carrsamples, rection.
for the caleme and th provisionsmplementedent working he punctual
more detai
erning short-turopean Com
as pe
domestic mat longer intehly calculat
elopment . Fase period f
nce not consarket condit
of the weight
antee the qupublication
hly surveys ae publicatiose of the inulated resu
steps in ascfocus is on eded for theof the stand
ried out in tcalculation)
culation of he various laid down
d at the latesteps have processing l below.
term statisticmmission of 3
er: August 2
arket) is ascervals in theion of the i
For these pufor a fixed psidered withtions is as a ting scheme
uality of then. This requand calculatn of the resdex if its ac
ults is only p
certaining t the descripese purposdard quality
the context and the wo
the monthsamples ar
n in the EUest three yea to be imple
g of which h
s (OJ EC L 161 May 2012 (
019
116
certained ine context ofndices. The
urposes, theperiod whenhin the term rule carriede and of the
e publishedires precisetions and insults of theccuracy andpossible on
he index ofption of thees, and they assurance
of rebasingorking steps
hly index isre adjusted short-term
ars after theemented, ashas a direct
2 p. 1), most (OJ EU L 142
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Method
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Figure 1
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Table 12
Working
1 Eva
Weighti(all 9
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Goods(basket
Final wsc
dical Guide oPr
12 - Organiuality assura
2.1
Variousof the indiviw activities.on of the res
2.1:
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aluation of sa
ng scheme -digit GP
odes)
s sample t of goods)
weighting heme
on the Indexroducts (Dom
sation and ance
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s staff capadual workin. The followspective cap
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ales statistics
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Basket retain
Basket itemdelet
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mate rebasi
cities are neng steps is awing table spacity requir
g steps of reb
s, calculation
pproxim
ation mme
ket item
item ned
ms to be ed
r Prices of Inket)
Page 2 of 9
ng process
eeded to enassured in ohows an ov
rements in m
basing
of rough wei
ate reba
Long time se
Recalculationindex on new
Previous repounit retaine
Rebasing to nbase year
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representativ
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ndustrial
nsure that trganisationaverview of tman-months
ghts down to
exm
asing pr
ries
n of base
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rting ed
new r
of the
ves
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until g
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the time schal terms by ihe various (MM).
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measurements
rocess
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efinition of priceepresentatives
alling upon newreporting unit
moval from pricsurvey
er: August 2
hedule is mimplementinworking ste
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019
met, and theng standardeps with an
ment
ng unit to be eleted
survey until ebasing
e from duty to report
e d n
Method
Chapter qu
GP
2 Evadig
3 Sel
4 Coo
5 Fin
6 Dra
7 Sam
8 Ret
9 Cre
10 Bac
11 Re-
12.7 be carrieimplemeprovided
12.8 performrepresenof the inrequirem
12.9
To ascerof all evindividuwork, thcomparicomparithis convolume
dical Guide oPr
12 - Organiuality assura
code level
aluation of prgit GP code lev
lection of bas
ordination of
al weighting
afting of the p
mple of repor
trograde extra
eation of mas
ckup for extra
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The inded out at dented in a sd in Figure 1
Each oance. This ntative resundividual wments.
Step 1:
rtain the wevaluated. Thual goods divhe calculatioison with thison of the ontext the exis furthermo
on the Indexroducts (Dom
sation and ance
roduction stavel
sket items
basket items
scheme
publication pr
rting units an
apolation of m
ter files for in
a work (e.g. in
and publicatio
ividual workifferent timespecific seq12.2.
of these wo is achievlts if they ar
working step
Evaluati 4-digit G
eights of thehe weights avisions and
ons being chhe rough strold and the
xtent to whicore investiga
x of Producemestic Mark
atistics, calcu
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ntroduction o
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orking stepved by vare complied s and an ex
on of salesGP code leve
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r Prices of Inket)
Page 3 of 9
ulation of fine
ghting scheme
nd coordinatio
on new units
ts for new ite
ion
of new classif
ex
are based in an be commoverview of
ps comprisearious qual within the rxplanation
s statistics, el
scheme, theted proportion the gooda second in
he previous ximate weigerved struct
ndustrial
e weights dow
e with users
on with the u
ms
fication system
part on onemenced conc the timing
es several ity assuran
rebasing. Thof the vario
calculation
e sales statiionally to thds classes. Odividual. Boindex base
ghts enablestural shifts
as pe
wn to 9-se
sers
se
ms)
another ancurrently, wof the indiv
tasks whicnce measuis is followeus concomi
of approxi
stics of the he domesticOne man-mooth this che contribute ts recognitionresult from
er: August 2
6 MM, everal staff m
6 MM
0.5 MM
1 MM
3 MM
24 MMeveral staff m
2 MM
2 MM
6 MM
2 MM
d consequehilst othersvidual work
h require ures which ed by a brief itant quality
mate weigh
new base yc sales, firstonth is requ
eck of the reto quality an of structur changes in
019
members
M
, members
ently have to have to being steps is
high-quality guaranteef descriptiony assurance
hts down to
year are firstt among theuired for thisesults and assurance. Aral shifts. In price or in
o e s
y e n e
o
t e s a A n n
Method
Chapter qu
Figure 1
12.10
The distthe 9-dieach 9-schedulseveral calculatfine wei
12.11
The sambasket goods tyGP codeeach 4-dthe prevadjustmindividuonly be be procedone in items wcompariselectioare sele
Step 1
Step 2
Step 1
Step 9
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
Step 1
dical Guide oPr
12 - Organiuality assura
2.2 Overv
Step 2:
tribution intogit GP codedigit GP coed with a cstaff membion requiremghts.
Step 3:
mple of gooditems are sypes (mostlye. In total, thdigit code isviously-calcu
ments, as proual 9-digit cocarried out essed indiv parallel by hose price dison with thn is guarancted which a
: t0+6
: t0+9
0: t0+24
9: t0+24
3: t0+12
4: t0+18
5: t0+20
6: t0+23
7: t0+18
8: t0+21
1: t0+30
t
on the Indexroducts (Dom
sation and ance
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Evaluati 9-digit G
o the individs from the pde is assigncapacity of
bers to enabments for all
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ds drawn froselected dey 9-digit GP hese cover as sufficientlyulated weighoducts withodes are commanually inidually. The several me
developmenhe old baseteed by theaccount for
t0 t
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working step
on of prodGP code leve
dual weightproduction sned a shareapproximat
ble proceedil staff memb
n of basket
om the baskpending on codes) thatat least 60%y representehting schem low weight
mbined to fo accordancese activities
embers of stnt is observee facilitates cut-off proca large shar
Time st
0: E
tt0+6
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Page 4 of 9
s in rebasin
duction statel
ts is carried statistics. The of the saltely six maing with thebers involve
items
ket of goodsn their salest are to be in
% of the domed. The basime. The formts are not inorm basket e with stands require captaff. The fin
ed represents quality incedure appre of domest
schedule foEnd of the new
t0+12
ndustrial
g
tistics, calc
out proporthe result of les. As this n-months. W
e next workid provides q
constitutess significanncluded in thmestic sales
s on which mation of thentegrated initems. Thes
dard requirempacities of sal result is
tatively for tspection, alied, since itic sales.
or rebasing base year
t0+18
as pe
ulation of
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Page 3 of 3
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4.48 e
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Page 1 of 1
et seqq., 8.5
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9.11 et seq.
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4.3 et seqq.
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, 9.49 et seq
et seq., 5.36, 11.12, 11.1
7.11 et seqq
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., 9.19, 11.4
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er: August 2
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., 9.58 et se
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., 6.34 et se
6
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9.36 et seq
6.54, 8.20 , 12.11 et s
019
9.1, 11.19
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7
eq., 6.54 et
9.8, 9.47 et seqq.,
qq., 9.49 et
et seqq., eqq., 13.56
Method
Annex(Germa Statutor
Annex 1
Annex 2
Annex 3
Collectio
Annex 4
Annex 4
Annex 5
Annex 6
Publicat
Annex 7
Annex 8
Annex 9
Annex 1
Data sou
Annex 1
Annex 1
Annex 1
Annex 1
Annex 1
dical Guide oPr
Annexes
x n version)
ry basis:
2
3
on documen
4a
4b
5
6
tions:
7
8
9
0
urces:
1
2
3
4
5
on the Indexroducts (Dom
Federal S
Act on P
EU short
nts:
Price sur
Online fo
Informat
Informat
Press re
Subject m
Quality r
Leaflet o
Quality r
Quality rwater su
Quality r
Quality
Quality r
x of Producemestic Mark
Statistics Ac
rice Statistic
t-term statis
rvey sheet fo
orm for mon
tion on statu
tion on how
lease from 2
matter serie
report on pro
on access to
report on tur
report on coupply, sewer
report on su
report on su
report on pro
r Prices of Inket)
Page 1 of 1
ct
cs
stics regulati
or the first s
nthly price re
utory basis o
to fill in the
2019
es from June
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o the results
rnover statis
st structure rage, waste
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urvey
ecording
of the survey
e survey form
2019
e statistics
stics
survey amomanagemen
ceeds and s
s sales and p
atistics
as pe
nex A
y (covering s
m
ong enterprisnt and reme
ales of elect
proceeds of
er: August 2
sheet)
ses of energdiation activ
tricity suppl
the gas ind
019
gy supply, vities
iers
ustry
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