1.WritedowntheeasternmostlongitudeofIndia?

Ans.97°25’E.

2.WritedownthewesternmostlongitudeofIndia?

Ans.68°7’E.

3.WritedownthenorthernmostlatitudeofIndia?

Ans.37°4’N.

4.WritedownthesouthernmostlatitudeofIndia?

Ans.8°4’4.

5.WhichisSouthernmostpointofIndia?

Ans.IndiraPoint.

6.WhichisthesouthernmosttipofmainlandofIndia?

Ans.Kanyakumari

7.WhichistheareawiselargeststateofIndia?

Ans.Rajasthan.

Chapter-1

India-Size and Location

1 marks Questions

8.WhichistheareawisesmalleststateofIndia?

Ans.Goa.

9.WhatisthelengthofIndiancoastline?

Ans.7516Km.

10.Whatpercentofworld’slandareaiswithIndia?

Ans.2.4%.

11.NamethewaterbodythatseparateSriLankafromIndia?

Ans.PalkStrait.

12.NameanytwostatesofIndiathatsharesinternationalboundaries.

Ans.PunjabandJammuandKashmir.

13.Indiaislocatedinwhichhemisphere?

Ans.NorthernHemisphere.

14.WhatisStandardTime.

Ans.Theofficialtimeofacountry.

15.DefineIndianUnion?

Ans.Severalstatesareunderthecentralgovernmentbutindependentinstateaffairs.Indian

Unionconsistsofallstatesandunionterritories.

16.WhatisStrait?

Ans.Anarrowpassageofwaterconnectingtwolargerbodies.

17.DefineSubcontinent?

Ans.Apartofcontinent,separatedfromtherestofthecontinentbynaturalfeaturessuchas

mountainsandrivers.Ithasitsownspecificclimaticfeaturesandadistinctculturalidentity.

18.NamethegroupofislandslyingintheArabiansea.

Ans.LakshadweepIsland.

19.UnionTerritoryofIndiayouwillbegoingto?

Ans.LakshadweepIsland.

20.WhatisthedifferencebetweenGujaratandArunachalPradesh?

Ans.Twohours.

1.NamethesouthernmostpointofIndia?Isitvisibletoday?

Ans.TheSouthernmostpointofIndiaisIndirapoint.

TheIndirapointissituatedintheGreatNicobargroupofIslandinAndamanNicobarisland

groups.

Itisnotvisibletodaybecauseitwassubmergedundertheseainthe2004Tsunami.

2.Whichismostimportantlatitudeofthecountry?Givereason.

Ans.Thetropicofcanceristhemostimportantlatitudeofthecountry.

Itissituatedat23½N.

Thetropicofcancerdividesthecountryintotwoequalparts.

Italsodividesthecountryintotwoclimaticzones.

3.WhichismostimportantLongitudeofthecountry?Givereason.

Ans.82°30’E,longitudeisthemostimportantlongitudeofourcountry.

Toavoidconfusionandchaosinallactivitiestobecausedbyhavingadifferentlocaltimefor

differentplaces.

ThecentralMeridian82°30’EistakenastheIndianStandardTime.

Itisacceptedalloverthecountryforuniformityoftime.

4.Whyisthedifferencebetweenthedurationofdayandnighthardlyfeltat

KanyakumaributnotsoinKashmir?

Ans.Kanyakumariissituatednearertoequatoranditliesinequatorialzone.

Inequatorialzonesthedurationofdayandnightarealmostequal.

3 marks Questions

Kashmirliesinthesubtropicalzone.Herethedurationofdayandnightisnotequal.

SothedurationofdayandnightismoreprominentinKashmirthaninKanyakumari.

5.WhycountriesoftheworldselectedtheirownStandardMeridians?

Ans.EverycountryhasaStandardTimetoavoidconfusionoftime.

ItistimeofitsCentralorStandardMeridian.

EachMeridianhasitsownlocaltimewhichisthesuntimeorlocaltimeofthatparticular

place.

Toavoidconfusionandchaosinallactivitiestobecausedbyhavingadifferentlocaltimefor

differentplacesthecentralmeridianisselectedasStandardTime.

SomeCountrieswhosesizeisverylargetheyhavetheirdifferenttimezones.

6.TwofeaturesAandBaremarkedinthegivenpoliticalmapofIndia.Identifythese

featureswiththehelpofthefollowinginformationandwritetheircorrectnameson

thelinesmarkedonthemap.

i)SouthernmostPointofIndia

ii)SouthernmosttipofIndianmainland

Onthesamepoliticalmaplocateandlabelthefollowing

iii)Easternmostmeridian

Ans.

7.Explainthemajorreasonforthetwohourtimedifferenceinthelocaltimebetween

ArunachalPradeshandGujarat?

Ans.Indiahaslongitudinalextentof30°.Duetothis,thereisatimelagoftwohoursbetween

thesunriseontheeasternmostandthewesternmosthorizonsofIndia.

Duetorotation,theearthtakes4minutestorotatethrough1°oflongitude.Thedifferencein

timeisonehourfor15°oflongitude.

Therefore,foralongitudinalextentof30°ofIndia,thereisatimelagoftwohours.

Whenitis6a.m.inArunachalPradesh,itisstill4a.m.inGujaratandJaisalmer.

8.Althoughthelatitudinalandlongitudinalextentofthemainlandisabout30°theeast

westextentappearstobesmallerthanthenorthsouthextent.Why?

Ans.Theeastwestextentappearstobesmallerthannorthsouthextentdespitethefactthat

thelatitudinalandlongitudinalextentofthemainlandisabout30°.

Itisbecausethedistancebetweenthelongitudesreducesaswemovetowardsthepolesfrom

theequatorandeastwestextentislessinkilometers.

AsIndialiesonthetropicofcancersoincomparisonwithequatorthedistancebetweenthe

longitudesislessthanthatontheequator.

9.WhatissizeofIndia?Whatisitsrankwithrespecttotheworldintermsofsize?

Ans.ThelandmassofIndiahasanareaof3.28millionsquarekm.

India’stotalareaaccountsfor2.4percentofthetotalgeographicalareaoftheworld.

Indiaistheseventhlargestcountryoftheworld.

10.WhyisIndiacalledaSubcontinent?

Ans.Indiaiscalledasubcontinentbecauseitisabiglandmass.

Thisstandsoutasadistinctgeographicalunitfromtherestofthecontinent.

Itisseparatedbynaturalfeatureslikemountainsandrivers.

IndiaisalsoseparatedfromrestofthecontinentbythemightyHimalayas.

11.HowcanyousaythatIndiahadcloselinkswithotherpartsoftheworldinancient

times?

Ans.Thevariouspassesacrossthemountainsinthenorthhaveprovidedpassagestothe

ancienttravelers.

Theserouteshavecontributedintheexchangeofideasandcommoditiessinceancienttimes.

TheideaofUpanishadsandRamayana,thestoriesofPanchtantra,theIndiannumeraland

thedecimalsystemthuscouldreachpartsoftheworld.

12.TwofeaturesAandBaremarkedinthegivenpoliticalmapofIndia.Identifythese

featureswiththehelpofthefollowinginformationandwritetheircorrectnameson

thelinesmarkedonthemap.

i)AnislandlyingintheArabiansea

ii)AnislandlyingintheBayofBengal

OnthesamepoliticalmaplocateandlabelthefollowingstateofIndia

iii)Telangana

Ans.

13.Statethereasonfortimelagbetweensunrisesontheeasternmostandthe

westernmosthorizonsofIndia.

Ans.Indiahaslongitudinalextentof30°.Duetothis,thereisatimelagoftwohoursbetween

thesunriseontheeasternmostandthewesternmosthorizonsofIndia.

Duetorotation,theearthtakes4minutestorotatethrough1°oflongitude.Thedifferencein

timeisonehourfor15°oflongitude.

Therefore,foralongitudinalextentof30°ofIndia,thereisatimelagoftwohours

Whenitis6a.m.inArunachalPradesh,itisstill4a.m.inGujaratandJaisalmer.

14.ListsixcountriesoftheworldbiggerthanIndia.

Ans.Russia,Canada,China,UnitedStatesofAmerica,Australia,Brazil,India

15.ExplainwhyAhmadabadandKolkataareabletoseethenoonsunexactlyoverhead

inayearbutnotDelhi.

Ans.ThesetwocitiesliewithintheTropicofcancer.

Thetropicofcanceristhecircleoflatitudeontheearththatmarkstheapparentpositionof

thesunatthetimeofthenorthernsolstice.

Itisalsothefarthestnorthlatitudeatwhichthesuncanbedirectlyoverhead.

SoinDelhithesunisneverdirectlyoverhead.

16.WriteashortnoteonthelocationofIndia?

Ans.ThelandmassofIndiahasanareaof3.28millionsq.km.

Indiahasalandboundaryofabout15200kmandlengthofcoastlineincludingislandis

7516.6km.

Indiaisseventhlargestcountryoftheworld.

17.WriteashortnoteonthelocationofIndia?

Ans.Indiaisavastcountrywhichliesinthenorthernhemisphere.

Themainlandextendsbetweenlatitudes8°4’and37°6’NandLongitude68°7’Eand97°25’E.

Tropicofcancer23°30’Ndividesthecountryintotwoparts.

18.TwofeaturesAandBaremarkedinthegivenpoliticalmapofIndia.Identifythese

featureswiththehelpofthefollowinginformationandwritetheircorrectnameson

thelinesmarkedonthemap.

i)ThestraitseparatingSriLankafromIndia

ii)NorthernmostState

Onthesamepoliticalmaplocateandlabeltheneighboringcountry

iii)Nepal

Ans.

19.ExplainthetwotypesofstatesfoundinIndiabefore1947.

Ans.Before1947thereweretwotypesofstatesinIndia-theprovincesandtheprincely

states.

ProvincesarerulesdirectlybyBritishofficialswhowereappointedbytheViceroy.

Princelystateswereruledbylocalhereditaryrulers,whoacknowledgedsovereigntyin

returnforthelocalautonomy.

20.Indiaistheoneoftheancientcivilizationoftheworld.Explain.

Ans.Yes,Indiaistheoneofancientcivilizationintheworld.

TheideaofUpanishadsandRamayana,thestoriesofPanchtantra.

TheideaoftheIndiannumeralandthedecimalsystemthuscouldreachpartsoftheworld.

India’scontactswiththeworldhavecontinuedthroughtheagesbutherrelationships

throughthelandroutesaremucholderthanthemaritimecontacts.

21.NametheIndianstateswhicharesituatedontheeasterncoastofIndia.

Ans.WestBengal,Odisha,Telangana,AndhraPradeshandTamilNadu.

22.NametheIndianstateswhicharesituatedonthewesterncoastofIndia.

Ans.Kerala,Karnataka,GoaandMaharashtra

23.NamethesevensisterstatesofIndia.

Ans.Assam,Meghalaya,Tripura,NagalandManipur,Mizoram,ArunachalPradesh

24.TwofeaturesAandBaremarkedinthegivenpoliticalmapofIndia.Identifythese

featureswiththehelpofthefollowinginformationandwritetheircorrectnameson

thelinesmarkedonthemap.

i)Aplacesituatedonthreeseas

ii)TheimaginarylinewhichdivideIndiaintotwoequalpartsOnthesamepolitical

maplocateandlabelthefollowing

iii)IndianstandardMeridian

Ans.

25.Whyis82°30’EtakenastheIndianStandardTime?

Ans.Theearthrotatesonitsaxisin24hours.

Inthistimeitcovers360°.

Eachdegreeoflongitudecovers4minutes.

ThecentralMeridian82°30’E.Whenmultipliedby4minutesitcomesto330minutesor5

hoursand30minutes.

SoIST=GMT+51/2hours.GreenwichMeanTimerefersto0°longitudes.

26.ThecentrallocationofIndiaattheheadoftheIndianoceanisconsideredofgreat

significance.Why.

Ans.TheIndianlandmasshasacentrallocationbetweentheEastandtheWestAsia.

IndiaisasouthwardextensionoftheAsianContinent.TheTransIndianOceanrouteswhich

connectthecountriesofEuropeinthewestandthecountriesofEastAsiaprovideastrategic

centrallocationtoIndia.TheDeccanPeninsulaprotrudesintotheIndianOceanthushelping

IndiaestablishclosecontactwithWestAsia,AfricaandEuropefromthewesterncoastand

withsoutheastandeastAsiafromtheeasterncoast.

27.InwhichhemispheredoesIndialiewithreferencetothePrimemeridian?Mention

thevalueofthestandardMeridianofIndia.

Ans.IndialiesintheeasternhemispherewithreferencetothePrimemeridian.

IndialiesintheeastofthePrimeMeridian,between68°7’Eand97°25’E.

Indiahasaccepted82°30’ElongitudeastheStandardMeridianofIndia.

28.ExplainwhyAhmadabadandKolkataareabletoseethenoonsunexactlyoverhead

inayearbutnotDelhi.

Ans.ThesetwocitiesliewithintheTropicofcancer.

Thetropicofcanceristhecircleoflatitudeontheearththatmarkstheapparentpositionoft

hesunatthetimeofthenorthernsolstice.Itisalsothefarthestnorthlatitudeatwhichthe

suncanbedirectlyoverhead.SoinDelhithesunisneverdirectlyoverhead.

29.ExplainthetwotypesofstatesfoundinIndiabefore1947.

Ans.Before1947thereweretwotypesofstatesinIndia-theprovincesandtheprincely

states.ProvincesarerulesdirectlybyBritishofficialswhowereappointedbytheViceroy.

Princelystateswereruledbylocalhereditaryrulers,whoacknowledgedsovereigntyin

returnforthelocalautonomy

30.TwofeaturesAandBaremarkedinthegivenpoliticalmapofIndia.Identifythese

featureswiththehelpofthefollowinginformationandwritetheircorrectnameson

thelinesmarkedonthemap.

i)TheareawisesmalleststateonthewestcoastofIndia

ii)NorthernmostlatitudeofIndia

Onthesamepoliticalmaplocateandlabelthefollowing

iii)TheareawiselargeststateofIndia

Ans.

1.ThesunrisestwohourearlierineasternpartsofArunachalPradeshascomparedto

Jaisalmerinthewestbutthewatchesshowsthesametime.Howdoesithappen?

Ans.Indiahaslongitudinalextentof30°.Duetothis,thereisatimelagoftwohoursbetween

thesunriseontheeasternmostandthewesternmosthorizonsofIndia.

Duetorotation,theearthtakes4minutestorotatethrough1°oflongitude.Thedifferencein

timeisonehourfor15°oflongitude.

Therefore,foralongitudinalextentof30°ofIndia,thereisatimelagoftwohours.Whenitis

6a.m.inArunachalPradesh,itisstill4a.m.inGujaratandJaisalmer.

ButthewatchesinallpartsofIndiaarerunaccordingtostandardtimemeasuredfrom82½°

longitude.

SothewatchesinArunachalPradeshandJaisalmershowthesametimedespitethedifferent

sunrise.

2.ThecentrallocationofIndiaattheheadofIndianoceanisconsideredofgreat

significance.Why?

Ans.ItprovidesIndiawithoutabundantextendedsearoutestoapplyhertradeand

commercedevices/strategieswithdevelopedcountries(WesternEuropean)atherlefthand

anddevelopingcountriesattheright.

IthelpsIndia,inflowingherstreamofwisdominphysical,mental,emotionaland

psychologicalfieldeverywhereinAfrica,AsiaandEuropecontinent.

Itincludesspiritual,technical,psychologicalandanatomicalandmaterialknowledgealso.

IndiaholdstitleauthorityonIndianOcean.

Infact,IndiaonlyhasthelongestcoastlineintheIndianOceanintheworld.

5 marks Questions

3.WhensunrisesinArunachalPradeshitisstillnightinGujarat.Givereasons.

Ans.TheeasternmostlongitudinalextentofIndiais97°25’EatextremeendofArunachal

Pradesh.

ThewesternmostlongitudinalextentofIndiais68°7’EatextremeendofGujarat.

Thusthelongitudinalextentisabout30°.Itmeans30longitudespassfromeasttowest.

Thereistimedifferenceof4minutesbetweentwoconsecutivelongitudes.

Thetimedifferencebetween30longitudesis120minutesor2hour.

SothereistimedifferenceoftwohoursinlocaltimebetweenArunachalPradesh.

4.HighlightthesignificanceofgeographicallocationofIndia?

Ans.TheIndianlandmasshasacentrallocationbetweentheEastandtheWestAsia.

IndiaisasouthwardextensionoftheAsianContinent.

Indiahasanareaof3.28millionsquarekmwhichaccountsforabout2.4percentofthetotal

geographicalareaoftheworld.

Indiaisseventhlargestcountryoftheworld.

TheeasternmostlongitudinalextentofIndiais97°25’Eandthewesternmostlongitudinal

extentofIndiais68°7’E.

Indiaisboundedbytheyoungfoldmountainsinthenorthwest,northandnortheast.

5.JustifythenamingofIndianOceanafterIndia?

Ans.NoothercountryhaslongcoastlineontheIndianOceanasIndiahasandindeed.

ItisIndia’seminentpositionintheIndianOceanwhichjustifiesthenamingofanOcean

afterit.

IndiahascentrallocationbetweentheEastandtheWestAsia.

TheTransIndianOceanrouteswhichconnectthecountriesofEuropeinthewestandthe

countriesofEastAsiaprovideastrategiccentrallocationtoIndia.

TheDeccanPeninsulaprotrudesintotheIndianOceanthushelpingIndiaestablishclose

contactwithWestAsia.

6.HowhavebeenmountainpassesbeenhelpfulinIndiasincehistorictimes?Explain.

Ans.Indiaisboundedbytheyoungfoldmountainsinthenorthwest,northandnortheast.

Thevariouspassesacrossthemountainsinthenorththenorthshaveprovidedpassagesto

theancienttravelers.

Theserouteshavecontributedintheexchangeofideasandcommoditiessinceancienttimes.

TheideaofUpanishadsandRamayana,thestoriesofPanchtantra,theIndiannumeraland

thedecimalsystemthuscouldreachpartsoftheworld.

Thespices,muslinandothermerchandiseweretakenfromIndiatodifferentcountries.

7.WhyisIndiasaidtoenjoyastrategicpositionwithreferencetotheInternational

traderoute?

Ans.TheIndianlandmasshasacentrallocationbetweentheEastandtheWestAsia.

IndiaisasouthwardextensionoftheAsianContinent.

TheTransIndianOceanrouteswhichconnectthecountriesofEuropeinthewestandthe

countriesofEastAsiaprovideastrategiccentrallocationtoIndia.

TheDeccanPeninsulaprotrudesintotheIndianOceanthushelpingIndiaestablishclose

contactwithWestAsia,AfricaandEuropefromthewesterncoastandwithsoutheastand

eastAsiafromtheeasterncoast.

Thevariouspassesacrossthemountainsinthenorthhaveprovidedpassagestotheancient

travelers.

Theserouteshavecontributedintheexchangeofideasandcommoditiessinceancienttimes.

8.DescribeIndia’slocationwithreferencetoherneighbors.

Ans.TheIndianlandmasshasacentrallocationbetweentheEastandtheWestAsia.

IndiaisasouthwardextensionoftheAsianContinent.

IndiaoccupiesanimportantstrategicpositioninSouthAsia.

IndiaSharesitslandboundarieswithPakistanandAfghanistanintheNorthWestchinaand

NepalandBhutanintheNorth.

MyanmarandBangladeshintheeast.

OurSouthernneighborsacrosstheseaconsistofthetwoislandcountriesnamelySriLanka

andMaldives.

9.Howistheknowledgeoflatitudeandlongitudeimportantforpeople?

Ans.Thathelpsustounderstandandlocatesthegeographicallocationandglobebetter.

Theuseoflatitudesandlongitudeofferabetterandquickgraspofgeographicalfacts.

Itdeterminesthetimezonesofthedifferentregionsoftheworld.

Withthehelpoflongitudesandlatitudesitiseasytocalculatelocaltimeandstandardtime.

Longitudesandlatitudesarealsohelpingustocalculatethedistancefromoneplaceto

another.

10.WhataretheimplicationsoflargelandboundariesandvastcoastlineofIndia?

Ans.ThelargelandboundariesofIndiahavehelpedtodeveloplinkswithherneighboring

countries.

Itcontributedintheexchangeofideasandcommoditiessinceancienttimes.

TheideasoftheUpanishads,theRamayana,andtheGeetaetchavebecomeknowntothe

world.

TheIndianNumeralsaswellasdecimalsystemlongbackcrosstheborder,Arabstookthese

ideastothewest.

ThelongcoastlineontheArabianSeaandBayofBengalhashelpedIndiatodevelopclose

maritimecontactwithWestAsia,AfricaandEuropefromthewesterncoastandwithEast

AsiaandthesouthEastAsiafromtheeasterncoast.