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3.02 Morphology (external) and Anatomy (internal) Packet: P5
Simple Leaf Morphology
Compound Leaf Morphology
Plant Leaves– you will explore both compound and simple leaves.
Enjoy the journey.
List five edible plant
leaves:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Leaf Internal Anatomy
Leaf Internal Anatomy
Plant Term
Function
Stomates (stomata)
Cuticle
Guard Cell
Chloroplast
Epidermis
Vascular Bundles
Xylem
Phloem
Monocot Leaf Anatomy Dicot Leaf Anatomy
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Stem Morphology – Stems are some of the best things on earth.
Think of all the delicious stems you eat everyday!
Next to each untitled arrow, label the appro-
priate anatomical structure. Some have al-
ready been done for you. You’re welcome.
List five stems you eat:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4
Internal Stem Anatomy
Monocot Stem
This is an actual monocot stem
cross section as seen under a
microscope. Note that when
you look inside of stem from a
monocot (like a lily, corn, or
grass) the vascular bundles are
scattered throughout without
any particular pattern. The vas-
cular bundles house the xylem
(zips water up) and the phloem
(flows food down). The vascu-
lar bundles are the veins, that
carry food, water and nutrients
throughout the plant.
Dicot Stem
Here you see the vascular bun-
dles (xylem and phloem) are in
a circle around the edges of the
stem. Think about when you
cut into celery, you can see how
the little veins are in a semi-
circle… those are the vascular
bundles, dudes!
Label each of these stem
cross sections. Which is
a monocot, which is a
dicot?
Circle or highlight the
vascular bundles.
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Internal Stem Anatomy
Here is a cross section of a woody tree (a dicot). Sure, you have seen the rings before, but now we are
going to explore what they are and what they do for the tree.
Internal Stem Anatomy Review
1. What is the xylem? What does it do?
2. What is the phloem? What does it do?
3. What is a vascular bundle?
4. List three monocot and three dicot plants.
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Root Morphology – It’s what’s for dinner. True, you eat all kinds of roots and they
are super important for plants, the environment, and all the creatures of the world.
Here we have a pictures of a carrot and an onion.
We never eat onion roots, but we sure do love their
leaves. We do eat carrot roots though. How are
these two root types different?
Label the carrot and the onion. Next, label which is
a tap root and which is a fibrous root.
How are a tap root and fibrous root different?
Why are tap roots difficult to transplant?
What happens if I try to transplant a carrot?
List four functions of a root:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Label and describe the root hairs and the root cap.
Internal Root Structure of
a woody plant
List five edible roots:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Root Hair
Root Cap
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Flower Morphology and Anatomy– Ain’t they pretty? They aren’t just
good lookers, they are responsible for all of the fruit we eat. Just think,
we would never have any honey either if it weren’t for flowers.
How to remember stamen-
How to remember pistil-
Four main parts of the flower:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Complete Flower-
Example:
Incomplete Flower-
Example:
Perfect Flower-
Example:
Imperfect Flower-
Example:
Monoecious plants- What is it?
Ex:
Diecious plants- What is it?
Ex:
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Flower Morphology and Anatomy
Fill in the Blanks:
The ________________ is the vase-shaped, female part of the flower located in the center of the flower.
The __________________ make up the showy part of the flower.
The small, green, and leaf-like structures that protect the developing flower bud before it opens are the
_______________________________.
The pistil consists of three parts: _______________________, ________________________,
_____________________.
Pollen is contained in the _______________________ of the stamen.
All sepals together are known as the __________________________. The collective term for all the pet-
als
is the _______________________________.
The ______________ is the enlarged portion at the base of the pistil, containing the egg cells.
When _____________________ occurs, the pollen unites with the stigma.
When _____________________ occurs, the pollen unites with the ovules.
The ___________________ ripens and becomes the fruit.
List five things that you found interesting about your flower dissection:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
You will dissect an Alstroemeria flower. These are also known as Peruvian lilies. This is a very inexpen-
sive flower from Latin America. It can be grown in North Carolina as an herbaceous perennial. This
plant is a monocot (see that the flower petals come in multiples of three and the leaves have parallel
veination). Check out this flower now in person and begin your dissection exploration.
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Flower Sex: The story behind the birds and the bees.
Pollination: This is the
____________ of pollen from the
_______________ to the _____________.
This is often carried out by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Fertilization: This is when pollen
travels down the _______________ and unites
with the ________________. This will result in
the production of ________________ that will be
carried in the ____________________.
Pollination Types
Self Pollination:
Cross Pollination:
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Fruit Anatomy
Types of Fruits
Seed Anatomy
Anatomical Structure Definition
Exocarp
Mesocarp
Endocarp
Type of Fruit Definition Three Examples of this Type of
Fruit
Simple 1.
2.
3.
Aggregate 1.
2.
3.
Multiple 1.
2.
3.
Monocot– Corn Dicot– Bean Seed
Anatomy
Definition
Embryo
Seed Coat
Endo-
sperm
List five seeds you eat:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Bud Axillary (lateral) Bud Terminal Bud
Seed Fruit Flower
Leaf Stem Root
Xylem Phloem Monocot
Dicot Chloroplasts Margin
Midrib Veins Leaf Scars
Root Cap Fibrous Roots Tap Roots
Anther Filament Ovary
Petal Stomates Guard Cells
Bark Cambium Heartwood
Xylem Pollination Sexual Reproduction
Key Morphology and Anatomy Terms