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HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
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NAME OF THE AIRPORT ??????
IATA: HKG, ICAO: VHHH
COLLOQUIALLY KNOWN AS
CHEK LAP KOK AIRPORT
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ITS NAME Chek Lap Kok WAS
CHOSENbecause it was built on theisland of Chek LaP Kok by land
reclamation and also to distinguish it
from its predecessor, the closed Kai Tak
Airport.
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..The airport opened for commercial operations in 1998, replacing Kai Tak,
nd is an important regional trans-shipment centre, passenger hub and gateway
or destinations in Mainland China The airport is operated by the Airport
uthority Hong Kong.
.. Air New Zealand, China Airlines, Vietnam Airlines to a lesser extent Qantas
nd Virgin Atlantic, all of which use Hong Kong as a stopover point for flights
n the Kangaroo Route between Australasia and Europe. Both United Airlines
nd Air India use Hong Kong as a stopover point for flights respectively from
he United States to Singapore and Ho Chi Minh City as well as from India to
saka and Seoul. In the near future, Garuda Indonesia is considering making Hong
ong their transit hub for flights to Europe.
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HISTORY
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Chek Lap Kok Airport was designed as a replacement for the former Hong
Kong International Airport By the 1990s, Kai Tak had become one of the
world's busiest airports it far exceeded its annual passenger and cargo
design capacities, and one out of every three flights met delays, largely due
to lack of space for aircraft, gates, and a second runway.In addition, noise
mitigation measures restricted nighttime flights, as severe noise pollution
1974 planning study by the Hong Kong Civil Aviation and Public Works
department identified the small island of Chek Lap Kok, off Lantau Island,as a possible airport replacement site. Away from the congested city
centre, flight paths would be routed over the South China Sea rather than
populous urban areas, enabling efficient round-the-clock operation of
multiple runways. Construction of the new airport, however, did not begin
until 1991. The construction period was very rushed; specialists
considered only a 10-20 year period was sufficient for this massive project
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Another cause for this rush was due to the uncertain future of the
airport construction after the transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong
to the People's Republic of China. It was originally believed that
Beijing preferred to keep everything basically intact and minimisefinancial commitments for big projects, therefore stopping all
construction despite the need for the new airport.
Hong Kong International Airport was built on a large artificial
island, formed by levelling Chek Lap Kok and Lam Chau islands
Construction of the new airport was only part of the Airport CoreProgramme, which also involved construction of new road and rail
links to the airport, with associated bridges and tunnels, and major
land reclamation projects on both Hong Kong Island and in
Kowloon. The project is the most expensive airport project ever
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MAJORCONCERN
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With one of the world's largest airport
terminals, the ability to withstand an intensetyphoon was a major concern. The sides of the
terminals, predominantly glass, were designed
to break during high speed winds, relievingpressure and allowing the terminal to remain
standing
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The airport has a total of 70 boarding
gates,with 63jet bridge gates and seven
virtual gates which are used as assembly
points for passengers, who are then ferried to
the aircraft by apron buses. Of the 63 jet
bridges, five are capable of handling the
Airbus A380. Singapore Airlines and Emirates
A380 currently operates to Hong Kong and
uses those gates.
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OPERATIONS
The airport is operated by the Airport AuthorityHong Kong, a statutory body wholly owned by the
Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region. The Civil Aviation Department (CAD) isresponsible for the provision of air traffic control
services, certification of Hong Kong registered
aircraft, monitoring of airlines on theircompliance with bilateral Air Services Agreements,
and the regulation of general civil aviation
activities.
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AWARDS..
AETRA Best Airport Worldwide (2005)
Air Cargo News Cargo Airport of the Year (20022003)
Air Cargo World Air Cargo Excellence (2007)
Air Transport Research Society Asia Pacific Airport EfficiencyExcellence Award (2007)
Airports Council International World's Best Airport (2007
2008)
Asiaweek Asia's Best Airport (2000)
British Constructional Steelwork Association, the Steel
Construction Institute and British Steel Structural Steel Design
Award (1999)
Business Traveller Best Airport in China (20062007)
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