work-life balance of female nurses in mysuru district

WORK-LIFE BALANCE OF FEMALE NURSES IN MYSURU DISTRICT

Viveka Marie G

Research Scholar, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore.

Mob: 99005567 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected].

Dr. Umesh Maiya

Research Supervisor, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. & P.G Co-ordinator,

Dr. G. Shankar Govt. Women’s First Grade College & PG Study Centre, Ajjarkadu, Udupi

Mob: 9481145687 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected].

Abstract: Work-life balance is very comprehensive and complex phenomenon. It is a

predicament where an individual struggles in managing both work and family life obligations.

Today work-life balance is one of the most contemplated topics and it is envisaged more in the

healthcare sector, especially, hospitals which are pivotal in catering to the needs of the patients.

Among healthcare workers, nurses play a distinctive role in caring the needs of the patients,

making themselves available 24 hours throughout a week. Any imbalance between work and

family life will be disastrous both at the work and family level. Hence, this paper aims at finding

the work-life balance of female nurses working in hospitals of Mysuru district. The result

indicates that the nurses working in hospitals both Government and Private hospitals have

moderate level of work-life balance.

Keywords: work-life balance, hospitals, female nurses, distinctive role, moderate level.

1. INTRODUCTION

Nurses are life line for healthcare industry with being integral part in patient care. Nursing is one

of the exhausting and challenging profession with occupational stress such as, long working

hours, death of patients, shift work, sleep disturbance and prone to health hazards such as

exposure to infectious diseases, biological hazards and psychological demands. Any disturbance

or imbalance in work and family life will jeopardize both the domains. Job stress can contribute

adverse effect on nurses’ health and can lead them to have intention to quit the job. Besides,

many nurses have responsibility in taking caring their spouses, dependents and children. Undue

demands at work front might adversely affect family life and vice versa. Hence, it is essential to

have work-life balance which will ensure physical and emotional well-being of nurses in

Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research

Volume XII, Issue I, January/2020

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providing quality service to the society. Healthy nurses will be able to provide high quality care

to the patients, be productive and enhance both job and patient satisfaction.

2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE

The authors in their study stated that personal factors such as age, educational qualification,

work experience, autonomy, and recognition, incentives, rewards inter relationship with co-

workers were some of the personal and organizational factors which influenced motivation and

commitment of nurses. (Baljoon et al. 2018) According to Claudia Gonnelli et al. (2018)

working for long hours and shift work in nursing profession triggered work-family conflict

created problems at work and family spheres. The study conducted by Venkataraman S et al.

(2018) observed that the nurses experienced moderate level of work-life balance. Excess

workload exhausted them both physically and emotionally and non-nursing work, such as

inadequate salary, unable to spend quality time with family and lack of self care were some of

the sources of dissatisfaction. Dr. Nasreen Khan and Sofia Khurshid (2017) examined the stress

prevalent at work place and wellness of employees working in healthcare sectors and hospitals.

The study revealed that there is with the support of supervisors, colleagues and family members

employees could managed work-life conflict and this increased productivity. But factors such as

organizational change, job insecurity and other non-work related stress could affect the well-

being of employees. The study conducted by Syed Mohammad Azeem and Hassen Altalhi

(2015) showed moderate level of work-life among the respondents. There was 39% variance

with regard to family life interfering with work life. Low level of job commitment and

satisfaction were evident. Work to life conflict was high compared to family to work conflict.

Dr.C.N. Rawal and Ms. Shradha A. Pardeshi (2014) found that nurses working in private

hospitals had to work for long hours, were paid low salary, less break time or perhaps no breaks.

Both Government and Private hospital nurses said that they get less recognition, experience

work life imbalance, had to do overtime and this caused stress and work-life conflict.

3. OBJECTIVE

To measure the work-life balance of nurses



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4. HYPOTHESIS

H0: there is no significant difference of work-life balance between the respondents of

Government and Private Hospitals.

Ha: there is significant difference of work-life balance between the respondents of

Government and Private Hospitals.

5. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The study is cross sectional in nature. The study covers the seven taluks of Mysuru District and

includes Auxiliary and General nursing midwifery’s working in hospitals. The sample size of the

study is 400. 200 female nurses working in Government and 200 from Private hospitals were

chosen for the study. Primary data was collected through pre-tested questionnaires and

secondary data was collected through research articles, journals and online sources.

6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Work-life balance is not just limited to the state of equilibrium between work and life, the

meaning is broad and goes beyond. It is the state of an individual who enjoys professional life,

personal life and family life. There are various causes of work-life imbalance among nurses

working in hospitals. But the consequences of imbalance may lead to physiological and

psychological strain among the individuals which ultimately affect their quality performance at

work.

The following table depicts the results and discussion with respect to work-life balance of

female nurses working in Government and Private hospitals in Mysuru District.



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Work interfering with family life: Among the respondents 28.8% agree, 58% moderately agree

and only 2.3% strongly disagree that their work interferes family life. With average score of 2.69

and standard deviation .76 clearly indicates that the respondents experience work interfering with

their family life. So, there is significant difference between Government (2.76 .45) and Private

hospital respondents (2.62 .97) with p=.012<0.05.

Difficult in fulfilling family responsibilities: In total 7.8% of the respondents disagree, 58.1%

moderately agree, 25.6% agree and 8.5% strongly agree that they find difficult in fulfilling

family responsibilities because of the time they spend in their job. The average score of 2.65

with standard deviation .74 signifies that the respondents find difficult in accomplishing family

responsibilities. There is significant difference between Government (2.89 .49) and Private

hospitals (2.41 .87) with p=.000<0.01.

Demands at work causes hindrance at home: Total 12 % disagrees, 47.3% moderately agree,

35.5% agree and only 5.3% of the respondents strongly agree that things they want to do at

home do not get done because of the demands their job puts on them. On an average score of

2.66 with standard deviation .76 reveals that the respondents agree that demands at work causes

hindrance at home. Significant difference is found between the Government (2.89 .66) and

Private hospitals (2.43 .78) with p=.000<0.01..

Job strain causes hindrance in fulfilling family duties: Among the respondents some 8.8% of

the them strongly agree, 34.8% agree, 51.3% moderately agree and 5.3% disagree that job strain

causes hindrance in fulfilling family duties. Average score of 2.53 with standard deviation .73

results in the respondent accepting to the statement that job strain causes hindrance to fulfil

family duties. There is no significant difference found with respect to Government (2.61 .62)

and Private hospitals (2.45 .81) with p=.056>0.05.

Change in plans for family activities: Total 4.8% strongly disagrees, 22.3% disagree, 35.6%

moderately agree, 32.1% agree and only 5.3% agrees that work related duties forces them to

change their plans for family activities. With 2.89 average score and standard deviation .97 the

respondents agree to the above statement. Significant difference is found between the



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respondents of Government hospital (3.30 .94) and Private hospitals (2.49 .82) with

p=.000<0.01.

Demands of family members/spouse interference with work: 9.5% strongly disagree, 62.5%

disagree, 19.8% moderately agree and 8.3% agrees that the demands of family or spouse

interfere with work-related activities. With 3.73 average score and standard deviation .74 states

that the respondents disagree to the above statement. No significant difference found between

the respondents of Government (3.72 .90) and Private hospitals (3.75 .54) with p=.232>0.05.

Demands at home cause postponement of work related activities at office: Altogether 10.5%

moderately agree, 48% disagree and 41.5% strongly disagree to the statement that they have to

postpone doing things at work because of demands on their time at home. On an average score

of 4.31 with standard deviation .65 denotes that the respondents strongly disagree to the above

statement. No significant difference are found between the respondents of Government

(4.35 .72) and Private hospitals (4.28 .58) with p= .094>0.05.

Things cannot be done at work due to the demands at home: 47% of the respondents

strongly disagree, 51.5% disagree and 1.5% moderately agrees that things they want to do at

work don’t get done due to the demands on their time at home. With 4.46 average score and

standard deviation .53 reveals that the respondents strongly disagree to the above statement.

Significant difference is found between the respondents of Government (4.57 .55) and Private

hospitals (4.34 .47) with p=.000<0.01. The result indicates that respondents of Government

hospitals strongly disagree in comparison to the respondents of Private hospitals.

Home life interference with work related responsibilities: 57% moderately agree, 41.3%

disagree and only 1.8 % strongly disagree that their home life interferes with their

responsibilities at work like reaching the office on time, accomplishing daily tasks, and working

overtime. On an average score of 3.45 with standard deviation .53 reveals that the respondents

disagree to the above statement. With respect to the respondents of Government (3.29 .45) and

Private hospitals (3.61 .56) with p=.000<0.01 there is significant difference found. The analysis

clearly indicates respondents of Private hospitals disagree more compared to Government

hospital respondents.



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Family-related strain causes hindrances in performing job-related duties: Total 1.5%

strongly disagree, 6.8% disagree, 45.8% moderately agree and 46% agrees that family-related

strain causes hindrance in performing job-related duties. The average score of 2.64 with standard

deviation .68 notifies that respondents agree to the above statement. There is no significant

difference found among the respondents of Government (2.59 .49) and Private hospitals

(2.69 .82) with p=.959>0.05.

Good balance with respect to work and non-work related activities: Total 1.5% strongly

disagrees, 36.5% disagree, 52.3% moderately agree and only 9.8 % of the respondents agree that

they have good balance between work and non-work related activities. With average score of

3.30 and standard deviation.66 the result emphasizes that respondents disagree to the above

statement. No significant difference is found between the respondents of Government

(3.27 .51) and Private hospitals (3.33 .78) with p=.130>0.05.

Work-Life Balance: The overall score of work-life balance was 3.21 .25. This suggests that

moderate level of work-life balance is found among the respondents in study. Both Government

and Private hospitals’ respondents experience moderate level of work-life balance. The analysis

reveals that significant difference is perceived between Government (3.29 .20) and Private

hospitals respondents (3.13 .26) with p=.000<0.01. Thus the respondents of Government

hospitals are better balanced with work and life compared to Private hospital respondents.

6.1 LEVEL OF WORK-LIFE BALANCE AMONG THE RESPONDENTS

Chi-squre test was applied to know the work-life balance of the respondents by considering the

various demographic variables such as type of hospitals, type of employment, age, marital status,

number of children, age of the children etc.

The following table gives a brief description with regard to the level of work-life balance among

the respondents of Government and Private hospitals.



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Table 2: Level of Work-Life Balance Among the Respondents

Government

Hospitals Private Hospitals Total

No. of

Res. %

No. of

Res. %

No. of

Res. %

Work

-li

fe b

ala

nce

Very Low balance

0

.0

0 .0 0 .0

Low balance 29 14.5 85 42.5 114 28.5

Moderately Balanced 171 85.5 115 57.5 286 71.5

Balanced 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0

Total 200 100.0 200 100.0 400 100.0

X2= 38.474 d.f=1 p=.000 **Significant at <0.01

Source: Primary Data

According to Table 2 among the respondents altogether 71.5% have moderate level and 28.5%

of them have low work-life balance. With respect to respondents of Government hospitals 85.5%

have moderate level and 14.5% have low work-life balance. And 57.5% of Private hospitals

respondents have moderate level, 42.5% have low work-life balance.

The Chi-Square test indicates that there is significant difference found with respect to work-life

balance between the respondents of Government and Private Hospitals with p value being

000<0.01.



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7. CONCLUSION

Statements such as work interfering with family life, difficult in fulfilling family responsibilities,

demands at work cause hindrance at home, job strain causes hindrance at fulfilling family duties,

change in plans for activities, things cannot be done at work due to the demands at work, home

life interference with work related responsibilities show significant difference between the

respondents of Government and Private hospitals. Therefore, the results of the present study

shows significant difference between work-life balance of the nurses working in Government

and Private hospitals. Further the analysis also indicates that both Government and Private

hospital respondents experience moderate work-life balance, but the respondents of Government

hospitals enjoy better work-life balance compared to the private hosptials.

Work-life balance means managing work, personal life and family life to live the life to its

fullest. Nursing profession is one of the demanding profession where the individuals have to

work with more vigour and should possess emotional intelligence in caring patients. Nurses who

fail to achieve work-life balance will have negative effects on their physical and mental well-

being, experience relationship problems and provide substandard services to the populace.

Therefore, it is very important for nurses to have work-life balance as they are the backbone of

healthcare sectors.



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work-life balance of female nurses in mysuru district

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