Transport Amphorae* (from The Antikythera shipwreck)

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In 2004 Mr Jean-Claude Biver ndash one of few people to have genuinely left their mark on Swiss watch-making ndash took over control of the brand and gave it tremendous momentum leading to impressive growthWith the launch of the BIG BANG the multiple award winning chronograph with a contemporary and el-egant design the brand started achieving records awards and success After attaining almost a tenfold in-crease in turnover in four years the brand was bought by the LVMH Group in 2008 And in 2009 it openeda new high-tech manufacture on the banks of Lake Geneva 6000 m2 dedicated to the watchmakers artand the creation of the new UNICO movement a column-wheel chronograph movement integrated intothe dial side dreamt up developed and manufactured entirely by Hublot

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Hublot or the Art of fusion

MediA sponsors

sponsors

Educational Programmesrsquo

Sponsor

supporters

GrAnd sponsor

Art works insurAnce sponsor

The Antikythera Shipwreckthe ship the treasures the mechanism

Hellenic MinistrY of culture and tourisM

national arcHaeological MuseuM

23-27 Makriyanni Str Athens 117 42 Greece τηλ 210 9235098

e-mail infokaponeditionsgr wwwkaponeditionsgr

All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or republished

wholly or in part or in summary paraphrase or adaptation by mechanical or

electronic means by photocopying or recording or by any other method with-

out the prior written permission of the authors and the editors according to

Law 21211993 and the regulations of International Law applicable in Greece

copy 2012 Hellenic Ministry of Culture amd Tourism National Archaeological Museum

ISBN 978-960-386-031-0

1313PRODUCTION


eDitorsNikolaos Kaltsas elena Vlachogianni Polyxeni Bouyia

April 2012 ndash April 2013

NatioNal archaeological MuseuM


scientific committee

NiKolaos Kaltsas

Director of the National Archaeological Museum

eleNa VlachogiaNNi

Archaeologist National Archaeological Museum

PolYXeNi BouYia


euthiMios NiKolaiDis

Director of Research at the National Hellenic Research Foundation

MiKe eDMuNDs

The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project

YaNNis BitsaKis


theoDosios tassios

Society for the Study of Ancient Greek Technology

exhibition

work Group

NiKolaos KaltsasDirector of the National Archaeological MuseumchristiNa aVroNiDaKiArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumYaNNis BitsaKisAntikythera Mechanism Research ProjectPolYXeNi BouYiaArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumBessY DrouNgaArchitect National Archaeological MuseumaNastasia gaDolouArchaeologist National Archaeological Museumgeorge KaVVaDiasArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumDiMitris KourKouMelisArchaeologist Ephorate of Underwater Antiquitiesgeorge KoutsouFlaKisArchaeologist Ephorate of Underwater AntiquitieseuthiMios NiKolaiDisDirector of Research at the National Hellenic Research FoundationNoMiKi PalaioKrassaArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumaNgeliKi siMosiDirector Ephorate of Underwater AntiquitiestheoDosios tassiosSociety for the Study of Ancient Greek TechnologyPaNagiotis tseleKasLecturer School of History and Archaeology Aristotle University of ThessalonikiMetaXia tsiPoPoulouEmeritus Director of the Directorate of the National Archive of Monuments

eVaNgelos ViVlioDetisArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumeleNa VlachogiaNNiArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumeleNi ZosiArchaeologist National Archaeological Museum

conserVAtors

Bronzes Collection Yerasimos Makris georgia KaramargiouPantelis Pheleris ourania Kapsokoli sofia spyridaki bull SculptureCollection Michalis Dimitriadis Maria lefaki Dafni Bika giannisPanagakos bull Vases and Minor Arts Collection Panagiotis atha-nasopoulos David Delios Katerina ioannidou irini Kapiri tinaKoutouvali Katerina Xylina bull Collection of Egyptian AntiquitiesPanagiotis lazaris bull Directorate of Conservation Konstantina ga-vrilou bull Numismatic Museum Niki Katsikosta elena Kontou

scuLptors

Sculpture Collection thanasis Kalantzis Nikolaos Kyritsis

VisuAL deVeLopMent Artist

ino Karella

desiGn oF VisuAL Aids

Design Nektaria roumelioti Mariana evmolpidouProduction Bezerianou Victoria and co

3d FiLM

Philippe Nicolet - NVP3D

LiGHts

Bessy Drounga Konstantinos Velonis

speciAL constructions

Manos lignos

constructions in wood

thanasis chatzichidiroglou tassos Vagelis

pAintinG oF interiors And speciAL

constructions

Nikolaos Katsiouras helias Babalis Panagiotis Feretopoulos

tecHnicAL support

georgios Votsis alexis liakopoulos andriani Bointa

co-operAtinG institutions

bull National archaeological Museumbull YPPot general Directorate of antiquities and cultural heri-

tage Directorate of the National archive of Monumentsbull ephorate of underwater antiquitiesbull Numismatic Museumbull history Philosophy and Didactic of sciences and technology

Programme (National research center)bull antikythera Mechanism research Projectbull association of ancient greek technology studies

GenerAL coordinAtor-curAtor

NiKolaos KaltsasDirector of the National Archaeological Museum

ArcHitecturAL studY And

MuseoGrApHic desiGn

BessY DrouNgaArchitect - Head of the Technical Department of the NationalArchaeological MuseumNiKolaos KaltsasDirector of the National Archaeological MuseumeleNa VlachogiaNNiArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumaNastasia gaDolouArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumNoMiKi PalaioKrassaArchaeologist National Archaeological Museum

catalogue

editors

Nikolaos Kaltsas elena Vlachogianni Polyxeni Bouyia

essAYs

Maria aNtoNiouArchaeologist Directorate of the National Archive of MonumentschristiNa aVroNiDaKiArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumYaNNis BitsaKis

Antikythera Mechanism Research ProjectPolYXeNi BouYiaArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumMaria chiDiroglouArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumaNastasia gaDolouArchaeologist National Archaeological Museumgeorge KaVVaDiasArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumlaZaros KoloNasEmeritus General Director of AntiquitiesDiMitris KourKouMelisArchaeologist Ephorate of Underwater AntiquitieseleNi MagouChemiststaVroula MassouriDiArchaeologist Directorate of the National Archive of MonumentsargYro NaFPliotiOsteoarchaeologist - archaeologistNoMiKi PalaioKrassaArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumroZa ProsKYNitoPoulouEmeritus Director of the Directorate for Documentation and Protection of Cultural GoodselisaBeth stassiNoPoulouEmeritus Director of Vases and Minor Arts Collection National Archaeological MuseumtheoDosios tassiosSociety for the Study of Ancient Greek TechnologyPaNagiotis tseleKasLecturer School of History and Archaeology Aristotle University of ThessalonikiMetaXia tsiPoPoulouEmeritus Director of the Directorate of the National Archive of MonumentseVaNgelos ViVlioDetisArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumeleNa VlachogiaNNiArchaeologist National Archaeological MuseumMarY ZaPheiroPoulouArchaeologist

entries

ca christina avronidakiPB Polyxeni BouyiaMch Maria chidiroglouag anastasia gadolougK george KavvadiasDK Dimitris KourkoumelisgKou george KoutsouflakisNP Nomiki Palaiokrassaes elisabeth stassinopoulouPt Panagiotis tselekaseV evangelos VivliodetiseVl elena VlachogiannieZ eleni Zosi

BiBLioGrApHY

elena Vlachogianni

trAnsLAtion

Debora Kazazis Maria Xanthopoulou

editors

Nikolaos Kaltsas elena Vlachogianni

editinG

Doniert evely

secretArY AssistAnce

Kalliopi spyrou

pHotoGrApHs

Kostas Xenikakis

drAwinGs

Yannis Nakas

Artistic desiGn

rachel Misdrachi-Kapon

Artistic AdVice

Moses Kapon

dtp

eleni Valma Mina Manta

processinG oF iLLustrAtions

Michalis tzannetakis

printinG

i skourias ePe - lithoPriNt

BindinG

stratis Bros

Introduction NikolaoS kaltSaS

the investigationsΤhe 1900ndash1901 investigations MEtaxia tSiPoPoulou Maria aNtoNiou Stavroula MaSSouridi

Τhe 1976 investigations laZaroS koloNaS

the shipΤhe ship PolyxENi Bouyia

life on board aNaStaSia Gadolou

the human skeletal remains arGyro NafPlioti

the cargosculpture ElENa vlachoGiaNNi

small metal objects and utensils NoMiki PalaiokraSSa

the glassware chriStiNa avroNidaki

the golden jewels and the silver vases EliSaBEth StaSSiNoPoulou

the potterythe lagynoi EvaNGEloS vivliodEtiS

the lamps EvaNGEloS vivliodEtiS

the red-slipped tableware GEorGE kavvadiaS

the black-glazed tableware (ldquogrey Warerdquo) GEorGE kavvadiaS

other table ware GEorGE kavvadiaS

Jugs one-handled cups filter jugs olpai and unguentaria Maria chidiroGlou

transport amphorae diMitriS kourkouMEliS

the coins PaNaGiotiS tSElEkaS

the Mechanismthe history of the study of the antikythera Mechanism roSa ProSkyNitoPoulou

archaeometric research of the antikythera Mechanism during the century following its recovery ElENi MaGou

old and new fragments of the antikythera Mechanism and inscriptions Mary ZaPhEiroPoulou

Prerequisites for the antikythera Mechanism to be produced in the 2nd century Bc thEodoSioS taSSioS

Functions and models of the antikythera Mechanism aNtikythEra MEchaNiSM rESEarch ProjEct

the erathe era PolyxENi Bouyia

epilogueMaritime commerce and luxury in the age of cicero PolyxENi Bouyia

aBBrEviatioNS-BiBlioGraPhy

SourcES of illuStratioNS

14

17

18

32

35

36

50

57

61

62

116

132

146

152

152

164

169

182

186

196

208

216

227

228

232

241

249

256

273

274

286

287

293

303

Contents

search the relatively easy and swift classification oftransport amphorae2 though not all related prob-lems have been resolved The provenance of manytransport amphorae can now be determined quitereadily and with a fairly precise dating

The discovery of a ship with a cargo of trans-port amphorae poses at least two fundamentalquestions these often have further numerous im-plications and demand supplementary answers

First does the provenance of the amphorae au-tomatically determine the port or area where theship was loaded Do diverse provenances observ-able in a shiprsquos cargo necessarily mean that the shipsailed through all the regions from which its goodsoriginated

Research and excavation of shipwrecks cannotprovide general answers that can be applied incommon to these questions only responses specificto each case on its own

Thus transport amphorae in a hold may havebeen loaded both in the specific region where theyhad been produced as well as at a central portwhere products from a wider expanse were firstcollected This practice was already known fromthe Classical period in large ports then eg the

THE ANTIKYTHERA SHIPWRECK

208

The object that arguably has been more closelyconnected than any other with maritime trade andthe movement of products is the transport am-phora with its characteristic pointed base Formore than 2500 years this was the chief vase formoving around liquid as well as solid goods1

Its peculiar shape drawn to a point at its baseand yet possessing a fairly bulky body makes it ap-pear cumbersome on land Yet the same gave it animportant advantage when loaded onto a shipSuch amphorae could be lined up and stacked inthe hull of a ship fitting closely together they formen masse an integrated whole This benefit didmuch to prevent the shifting of a cargo during sail-ing one of the basic causes of accidents at sea andshipwrecks

Although a considerable number of differenttypes of amphorae had been produced both in theArchaic and especially in the Classical age theirbasic utilitarian features remained the same wher-ever and whenever they were made The prove-nance of quite a number of amphorae is identifiabletherefore more from their shape stamps and clayThis linking of numerous amphora types to specificregions has allowed chiefly in the light of recent re-

Transport Amphorae

diMitRis KoURKoUMElis

shipment cannot be gauged with precision Fur-thermore other contributing factors come intoplay eg as with perishable products mdash say timberor grain normally every indication of their exis-tence would disappear almost immediately

In the case of the ship that sank at Antikytherathe inaccessible location of the accident acted as adeterrent and protected the site for several cen-turies but equally it proved impossible to completethe investigation of the shipwreck Therefore thepicture displayed by its cargo can only be a partialone From the total of transport amphorae collectedfrom the site of the wreck incomplete though it isa number of conclusions may be drawn always withsome reservations

The original publication mentions about 20amphorae piled up at the site6 However in laterin the journal Naftiki Ellada (1950) a diver whotook part in the original investigation mdash the re-trieval of finds in 1901 mdash mentioned that at least27 amphorae were retrieved from the site of thewreck and that there must have been around 50lying in the depths

In 1976 during the investigation of the wreckcarried out by Captain Jacques Cousteau the exca-vation notebook meticulously kept by the Greek Ar-chaeological Servicersquos archaeologist L Kolonasshows that at least nine additional transport am-phorae were retrieved7 During the excavation andfrom filming that took place on the site it can beseen that a large quantity of pottery and probablyof transport amphorae covered the area of thewreck Their exact number is extremely difficult toestimate on the basis of the evidence available today

It seems that there were at least four differenttypes of amphorae on the ship amphorae comingfrom Rhodes Kos Ephesos (the NikandrosGroup) and amphorae of the Lamboglia 2 typeFrom the total of 21 amphorae confirmed as hav-ing come from the shipwreck five are Rhodiannine are Koan five are from Ephesos and two be-long to the Lamboglia 2 type The proportion ofamphorae in relation to the other products and

THE CARGO

209

Piraeus products from all over were assembledinitially with the purpose of meeting private needsbut also to sell on in other regions3

The view then that a ship had followed the ge-ographical route as determined by the provenanceof the cargo it was transporting is one that has quiteoften been challenged if not disproved This is par-ticularly so for the Hellenistic and Roman periodswhen there were many important commercial har-bors (Delos Alexandria Rhodes Ostia MarseillesEmporeion amongst others)4 which gathered largequantities of products from various places

In these large commercial harbors productswere collected from near and far transshippedonto larger boats and carried to other centralports where the process was reversed for morelocal distribution on smaller boats once more

The second crucial question is to what extentis a cargo as found complete mdash in contrast withwhat was on board when the ship set out on itsjourney to its final destination In many ship-wrecks human intervention has had an adverse ef-fect on a consignment by the unrestrained removalof some of it This practice (salvage) was alreadyemployed in antiquity Recorded cases are knownof intrusion by ldquodiversrdquo into a capsized ship for thepurpose of retrieving its cargo for profit The fa-mous guild of urinatores in the ancient harbor ofRome Ostia as well as working in the harbor alsoengaged in salvage whenever the opportunity pre-sented itself This practice has been confirmed inthe case of the shipwreck of Madrague de Giens insouthern France5 where it was found that part ofthe cargo had already been retrieved by divers inantiquity most likely within a very short periodafter the sinking of the ship

This practice did not stop in antiquity it con-tinues even today A large number of antiquitiesthat come from the sea are the result of arbitraryrecovery and haphazard investigation As a resultin most cases it is nearly impossible to be surewhether the load of a capsized ship is complete ornot Thus the quantity and the provenance of the

to the end of the first half of the 1st c BC Thebody became more elongated during the 1st c BCso that the pronounced angle separating shoulderfrom body characteristic of the older types waslost11 This tendency also resulted in a lengtheningof the handles Together these developments ob-servable down to the end of the 1st c BC reducedthe capacity of the vase

The third group of amphorae from the ship-wreck included five amphorae of the NikandrosGroup whose production area has now been iden-tified near Ephesos All mdash one intact four consist-ing of only neck fragments mdash were retrieved in197612 Three have impressed stamps bearingnames on their handles The amphorae of theNikandros Group were so named from the stampsthat bore the name of Nikandros Though theirprovenance was not initially identified yet follow-ing the recent studies of M Lawall and GCankardeş-Şenol13 it seems that their place of man-ufacture was in the Ephesos region These am-phorae were exported they have been found in anumber of areas including the Athenian AgoraAlexandria Palestine and Corinth Their produc-tion extended from at least the late 4th c to themid 1st c BC Characteristic features of amphoraeof this type include their strongly everted anddownturned rims conical grooved stoppers andthe rectangular stamps that normally carry a name(or an abbreviated one) and very rarely symbolsAll five amphorae from the Nikandros Group thatcame from the shipwreck are of exactly the sametype two of the three stamps are similar14 Typo-logically they belong to the final period of produc-tion ie about the mid 1st c BC15

Of the two amphorae of the Lamboglia 2 typeone was retrieved in 1901 and the other was foundduring the 1976 investigation16 This is a particu-larly widespread type during this period in boththe western as well as eastern Mediterranean Itdates to the mid 1st to late 1st c BC The am-phorae retrieved belong to the prototype manu-factured between the second quarter of the 1st c


210

objects the ship was transporting makes it fairlycertain that the amphorae were not the shiprsquos pri-mary freight but rather a secondary one It couldhave consisted of products especially popularamongst the Romans like the wine mixed with sea-water (τεθαλαττομένος brined) of Kos or winefrom Rhodes Indeed the amphorae of the Lam-boglia 2 type may not even have formed part of thecargo but may have held material used by the crewfor consumption during their journey

The Rhodian amphorae all retrieved in 1901were studied and published by V Grace8 Such am-phorae recognizable both by the distinctive shapeof their angular handles as well as the characteristicstamps on their handles are known from other re-gions and from many shipwrecks throughout theMediterranean Of the five amphorae at leastthree carry rectangular stamps on their handlesbut these are too worn to be construed If we ac-cept that the classic style of stamping Rhodian am-phorae (the stamps on the Antikythera are exam-ples of this) ceases around the beginning of the sec-ond half of the 1st c BC (ca 46 BC) as G Finkiel-sztejn9 proposes then the Rhodian amphoraefrom the wreck should definitely be placed before46 BC The shape of the body also is of assistancehere in particular the shoulder region this is nolonger defined by an angle from the rest of thebody This detail in all likelihood suggests that theamphorae should be dated after the destruction ofAthens by Sulla in 86 BC as Grace also main-tained and probably 10 to 15 years after 82 BC10

Of the nine Koan amphorae from the ship-wreck one intact and one half amphora were re-trieved in 1901 and another seven during the1976 investigation No impressed stamps were de-tected on any Only one vase appeared to bear var-ious incisions on its shoulders these however arehard to interpret The amphorae from Kos recog-nizable by their double handles enjoyed a long pe-riod of production primarily due to the quality ofwine coming from the island From their shapethese specimens look to belong to the types dating

and were normally consumed relatively quicklyalthough there are references in ancient tests to theconsumption of particularly aged wines

Finally a more practical matter should bepointed out In 1901 were retrieved all the Rho-dian amphorae and two from Kos no Rhodian am-phorae were found in the 1976 investigation butrather seven from Kos and five from the NikandrosGroup (Ephesos) were recovered One Lamboglia2 amphora was retrieved in 1901 and one in 1976The fact that broadly different types were locatedin each of the two investigations may indicate thatexploration took place at different points in theshiprsquos hull It therefore probably follows that theamphorae were not all gathered at a specific pointLoading the ship with such a large number of dis-similar objects (and of different weights sizes andshapes) was doubtless a particularly delicate andcritical operation to minimize the occurrence ofthe cargo shifting More evidence would be doubt-less garnered if our understanding of the am-phorae of the shiprsquos cargo were more completeFor example nothing rules out the possibility thatthe ship was also transporting other types of am-phorae The percentage for each type aboardcould in fact prove to be entirely other than thatwhich the existing evidence at present states

THE CARGO

211

BC and about the end of this century probably onthe Adriatic shores The type seems to have beenemployed for wine transport as is shown by chem-ical analyses on the amphorae from the Madraguede Giens (southern France) which sank severalyears before the Antikythera shipwreck17 Here as-suming the Antikythera ship was transporting itscargo from east to west the contents of these am-phorae more probably were for use of the crew Itis also possible that they did not even contain theoriginal product for which they had been manu-factured ie wine but were being re-used as sim-ple storage vases

Generally speaking the evidence of the trans-port amphorae here of three types (from RhodesKos and Ephesos) as well as the Roman Lamboglia2 sort appears to yield a dating to the mid 1st c BCIn addition and assuming mdash as is likely mdash that atleast the first three types formed part of the shiprsquoscargo the fact that they coexisted in a closed contextprovides some interesting evidence about the pro-duction and circulation of these particular typesduring this time The contribution of shipwreck ma-terial to the study of transport amphorae is impor-tant when part of a shiprsquos cargo the amphorae willbe close in date The products they normally trans-ported could not be preserved over long periods

archives of the Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities is the mostimportant source of information for events at the time of the1976 investigation8 Grace 1965 5ndash17 A stamped handle from a Rhodian am-phora claimed to come from the shipwreck was found in 1974as were other objects from the same in the Bronze Collection ofthe National Museum The inscription on its stamp [ΕΠΙ] ΝΑΥ-ΣΙΠΠΟΥ ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ dates it to around 115ndash110 BC Thisis a high date in comparison with the other finds from the ship-wreck casting doubts on whether this handle actually came fromthe wreck Perhaps this particular amphora was one of the ob-jects the crew used for their own needs during the journey9 Finkielsztejn 2000 407ndash41510 Grace 1965 1011 Empereur 1987 9ndash7112 In addition there were two bases from transport amphoraeof the Nikandros Group from the 1976 investigation these werenot included since they possibly go with one of the mouth parts13 Lawall 2004 171ndash188 This study essentially proved the iden-tification of the amphora of the ldquoNikandros Grouprdquo as from theEphesos region see also Cankardeş-Şenol 2010 125ndash139 whichconfirmed these amphoraersquos provenance 14 Of the three stamps one carries the name ΜΗΝΟΔ[Ω]ΡΟΥin the genitive and the other two the abbreviation of the samename ΜΗΝΟΔ[] The fact that all three stamps probably referto one and the same person is especially important for the shiprsquoscargo since it would seem that these particular amphorae musthave been loaded onto the ship simultaneously 15 Lawall 2004 18216 One base fragment from an amphora of this type also camefrom the 1976 investigation17 Formenti 1978 95ndash100


212

NOTES

I would like to thank G Finkielsztejn and M Lawall for theirassistance in identifying the amphorae and their stamps

1 Grace 19792 For extensive bibliography both on typology as well as ontransport amphorae see ldquoBulletin amphorologiquerdquo publishedevery five years in the ldquoBulletin archeacuteologiquerdquo of the Revue desEacutetudes Grecques3 In a fragment of the comic writer Hermippus (ca 430 BC)passed down to us by Athenaeus in his Deipnosophistae (l27e-f) henotes of the harbour of Piraeus that ldquoFrom Cyrene silphium-stalksand ox-hides from the Hellespont mackerel and all kinds of salt-dried fish from Thessaly again the pudding and ribs of beefhellipThe Syracusans supply hogs and cheesehellip But from Egypt we getrigged sails and papyrus from Syria again frankincense whilefair Crete sends cypress for the gods Libya supplies ivory in plentyfor trade Rhodes raisins and dried figs which bring pleasantdreams From Euboea the god brings pears and lsquofat applesrsquo fromPhrygia slaves from Arcadia hired soldiers Pagasae furnishesslaves and branded rascals at that The acorns of Zeus and glossyalmonds come from Paphlagonia they are lsquothe ornaments of afeastrsquo Phoinike in its turn sends the fruit of the plain and the fi-nest wheat flour Carthago supplies carpets and cushions of manycoloursrdquo Even Thucydides (B 38) notes of Piraeus ldquothe magnitudeof our city draws the produce of the world into our harbourrdquo4 Pomey 1997 116ndash1455 Tchernia Pomey ndash Hesnard 1978 The publication of theMadrague de Giens shipwreck is a model for the complete pub-lication of a shipwreck for underwater archaeology6 ΑΕ 1902 1617 The excavation notebook of L Kolonas deposited in the

THE CARGO

213

283 amphoraMid 1st c BC

Clay

H 078 m

From the material retrieved in 1976

Athens National Archaeological Museum 30993

Intact transport amphora of the

Nikandros Group (Ephesos)

Excavation notebook no 501976

BIBLIOGRAPHY Unpublished

DK


Clay

H 079 m

From the material retrieved in 1900-1901


Intact pointed-toe commercial

amphora from Rhodes

On the handles impressed

rectangular stamps quite worn

BIBLIOGRAPHY Grace 1965 5ndash17

DK

285 amphoraFirst half of 1st c BC

Clay

H 052 m



Intact transport half-amphora from

Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m



Intact transport amphora from Kos

Shells on exterior of body



DK


214

287 amphora fragments1st c BC

Clay

H 029m



Upper part and handles of a pointed-

toe amphora from Kos

Mented from many sherds


DK

288 amphora fragmentMid 1st c BC

Clay

H 018 m



Neck and handle from a transport

amphora of the Nikandros Group

(Ephesos)

On curve of handle impressed oval

stamp of the abbreviated name

ldquoΜΗΝΟΔrdquo (ΜΗΝΟΔΩΡΟΣ)

Excavation notebook no271976


DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)


stamp with the name in the genitive

ldquoΜΗΝΟΔ[Ω]ΡΟΥrdquo



DK

286

287

288

288

289

292 amphora handle 115ndash110 BC

Clay

L 013 m



Fragment of a stamped Rhodian

amphora handle

Inscription [ΕΠΙ] ΝΑΥΣΙΠΠΟΥ

ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m



Intact transport amphora from

Rhodes

On handles rectangular impressed

stamps very worn


DK

290 amphora fragmentFirst half of 1st c BC

Clay

H 029 m



Upper part of a transport amphora of

the Lamboglia 2 type


DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293

The following abbreviations are used in addition to those of the German Archaeological Institute (wwwdainstorg)ΑΑΑ Αρχαιολογικά Ανάλεκτα εξ Αθηνών

ΑΔ Αρχαιολογικόν Δελτίον

ΑΕ Αρχαιολογική Εφημερίς

Facta Facta A Journal of Roman Material Culture Studies

JQR Jewish Quarterly Review

ΠΑΑ Πρακτικά της Ακαδημίας Αθηνών

ΠΑΕ Πρακτικά της εν Αθήναις Αρχαιολογικής Εταιρείας

SNG Copenhagen SNG Denmark The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals Danish National Museum 22 Ionia Copenhagen 1945SNG Keckman SNG Finland The Erkki Keckman Collection in the Skopbank Helsinki 1 Karia Helsinki 1994SNG Muumlnchen SNG Deutschland Staatliche Muumlnzsammlung Muumlnchen 20 Ionien Muumlnchen 1995SNG Tuumlbingen SNG Deutschland Muumlnzsammlung der Universitaumlt Tuumlbingen 2 Mysien ndash Ionien Muumlnchen 1989SNG von Aulock SNG Deutschland Sammlung von Aulock Ionien Berlin 1960

OTHER ABBREVIATIONS

EAM = National Archaeological Museum bull Wt= Weight bull D= Diameter bull m= meter bull L= LengthTh= Thickness bull W= Width bull H= Height bull Max= Maximum bull mm= millimeters bull ca= circapres= preserved bull gr= grams bull no = number bull Cat no= Catalogue number bull inv no= inventory number

Abbreviations

Abadie-Reynal 2007 C Abadie-Reynal La ceacutera-mique romaine drsquoArgos Fin du IIe siegravecle avant J-C-fin du IVe siegravecle apregraves J-C Athegravenes ndash Paris 2007Adam-Veleni 2010 P Adam-Veleni (ed) Γυάλινοςκόσμος Exhibition Catalogue ArchaeologicalMuseum of Thessaloniki 2092009 ndash 122010Thessaloniki 2010Adam et al 2000 P Adam-Veleni ndash P Georgaki ndashV Kalavria ndash Κ Boli Κλειστά Σύνολα Ελληνι-στικών χρόνων από την Αγορά της Θεσσαλονί-κης in Ε΄ Επιστημονική Συνάντηση για την Ελληνι-στική Κεραμική Χρονολογικά Προβλήματα ΚλειστάΣύνολα - Eργαστήρια (Χανιά Απρίλιος 1997)Athens 2000 275-297ΑΕ 1902 Τὰ εὑρήματα τοῦ ναυαγίου τῶν Ἀντι-κυθήρων ΑΕ 1902 145-172Ageli 2000 Α Ageli Λάγυνοι από το ελληνιστικόνεκροταφείο της Αμβρακίας in Ε΄ ΕπιστημονικήΣυνάντηση για την Ελληνιστική Κεραμική Χρονολο-γικά Προβλήματα Κλειστά Σύνολα - Eργαστήρια(Χανιά Απρίλιος 1997) Athens 2000 311-320Alcock 2007 S Alcock The Eastern Mediter-ranean in R Saller ndash I Morris ndash W Scheidel(eds) Τhe Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World Cambridge 2007 671-697Alscher 1956 L Alscher Griechische Plastik IIINachklassik und Vorhellenismus Berlin 1956Alscher 1957 L Alscher Griechische Plastik ΙVHellenismus Berlin 1957

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Amandry 1984 P Amandry Os et coquilles inLrsquoantre Corycien ΙΙ BCH Suppl 9 (1984) 347-380Αnastasiou et al 2011 M Αnastasiou ndash JH Seira-dakis ndash J Evans ndash S Drougou ndash K EfstathiouThe Astronomical Events Inscribed on the An-tikythera Mechanism Journal for the History ofAstronomy (2011) (in press)Αncient Greek Technology 1997 Αncient Greek Tech-nology Exhibition Catalogue CryptoporticusAncient Agora of Thessaloniki 218 ndash2291997 Thessaloniki 1997Anderson 1954 JK Anderson Excavation on theKofina Ridge Chios BSA 49 (1954) 128-182Anderson-Stojanović 1987 V Anderson-Sto-janović The Chronology and Function of Ce-ramic Unguentaria AJA 91 (1987) 105-122Andreae 1990 Β Andreae (ed) Phyromachos-Pro-bleme mit einem Anhang zur Datierung des grossenAltares von Pergamon Mainz am Rhein 1990Andreae 2003 B Andreae Antike BildmosaikenMainz am Rhein 2003Andreau 1999 J Andreau Banking and Businessin the Roman World Cambridge 1999Andreacuten 1952 A Andreacuten Il torso del BelvedereOpArch 7 (1952) 1-45Andrianou 2009 D Andrianou The Furniture andFurnishings of Ancient Greek Houses and TombsCambridge 2009Andrikou et al 2004 E Andrikou ndash Α Goulaki-

Voutira ndash C Lanara ndash Ζ Papadopoulou (eds)Μουσών Δώρα Μουσικοί και Χορευτικοί απόηχοι απότην αρχαία Ελλάδα Exhibition Catalogue AthensConcert Hall 17 ndash 1592004 Athens 2004Archibald et al 2001 ZH Archibald minus J Daviesminus V Gabrielsen minus GJ Oliver (eds) HellenisticEconomies London ndash New York 2001Archontidou ndash Tsardaka 1994 Α Archontidou ndash DTsardaka Τα ελληνιστικά νεκροταφεία τηςΧίου Η κεραμική in Ελληνιστική Κεραμική απότο Αιγαίο Mytilene 1994 166-179Armitage 1966 A Armitage Edmund Halley Nel-son 1966Drsquo Arms 1970 JH Drsquo Arms Romans on the Bay ofNaples A Social and Cultural Study of the Villas andtheir Owners from 150 BC to AD 400 Cam-bridge Mass 1970Drsquo Arms 1980 JH Drsquo Arms Senatorsrsquo Involve-ment in Commerce in the Late Republic SomeCiceronian Evidence ΜemΑmΑc 36 (1980) 77-89Arnold 1969 D Arnold Die Polykletnachfolge Un-tersuchungen zur Kunst von Argos und Sikyon zwi-schen Polyklet und Lysipp Berlin 1969Arvanitopoulos 1903 ΑS Arvanitopoulos ὉἚφηβος τῶν Ἀντικυθήρων συμβολὴ εἰς τὴνἱστορίαν τῆς ἑλληνικῆς πλαστικῆς Athens 1903Arvanitopoulos 1912 AS Arvanitopoulos EinThessalischer Gold- und Silberfund AM 27(1912) 99-102

Roman Pottery Studies Atti del Convegno Inter-nazionale di Studi Catania 22-24 αprile 2004Catania 2006 141-165Bianchi 2002 RS Bianchi (ed) Reflections on An-cient Glass from the Borowski Collection Mainz2002Bieber 1910 M Bieber Der Paris des Euphranorund Juumlnglingskoumlpfe aus dem IV Jahrhundert vChr JdI 25 (1910) 159-173Bieber 1961 M Bieber The Sculpture of the Hel-lenistic Age2 New York 1961Guldager Bilde 1993 P Guldager Bilde Mould-made Bowls Centres and Peripheries in theHellenistic World in Centre and Periphery in theHellenistic World Aarhus 1993 192-209Bitsakis 2009 J Bitsakis (ed) Ο Μηχανισμός τωνΑντικυθήρων Περιήγηση στην Αστρονομία και την Τε-χνολογία της Εποχής του Exhibition CatalogueNational Research Foundation 7122009 ndash2512010 Athens 2009Blinkenberg 1933 Chr Blinkenberg Knidia Bei-traumlge zur Kenntnis der praxitelischen Aphrodite Ko-penhagen 1933Blome 1999 P Blome Antikenmuseum Basel undSammlung Ludwig Zuumlrich 1999Boardman ndash Scarisbrick 1977 J Boardman ndash DScarisbrick The Ralph Harrari Collection of FingerRings London 1977Boehringer 1961 E Boehringer (ed) A Hundtndash K Peters Greifswalder Antiken (Gedaumlchtnisgabefuumlr E Pernice) (mit Beitraumlgen von E Boehrin-ger) Berlin 1961Bol 1972 PC Bol Die Skulpturen des Schiffsfundesvon Antikythera Berlin 1972Bol 1978 PC Bol Groszligplastik aus Bronze in Olym-pia Berlin 1978Bol 1988 PC Bol Die Marmorbuumlsten aus demHeroon von Kalydon in Agrinion Archaumlologi-sches Museum Inv Nr 28-36 AntPl 19 (1988)35-47Bol 2004 PC Bol (ed) Die Geschichte der antikenBildhauerkunst II Klassische Plastik Mainz amRhein 2004Bol 2007 PC Bol (ed) Die Geschichte der antikenBildhauerkunst IIΙ Hellenistische Plastik Mainzam Rhein 2007Boli 1990-1995 Κ Boli Ελληνιστικοί τροχήλατοιλύχνοι στην αρχαία Αγορά της ΘεσσαλονίκηςΑΑΑ 23-28 (1990-1995) 235-253Brinkmann 2007 V Brinkmann (ed) Πολύχρωμοιθεοί Χρώματα στα αρχαία γλυπτά Exhibition Cata-logue National Archaeological Museum 301 ndash2432007 Athens 2007Bromley 1986 AG Bromley Notes on the An-tikythera Mechanism Centaurus 29 (1986) 5-27Bromley 1990a AG Bromley The AntikytheraMechanism Horological Journal 132 (1990) 412-415Bromley 1990b AG Bromley The AntikytheraMechanism A Reconstruction Horological Jour-nal 133 (1990) 28-31Bromley 1990c AG Bromley Observations ofthe Antikythera Mechanism Antiquarian Horol-ogy 186 (1990) 641-652Bromley 1993 AG Bromley Antikythera AnAustralian-Made Greek Icon Bassernet 23(1993) 1

Broneer 1930 O Broneer Terracotta LampsCorinth IV (Part III) Cambridge Mass 1930Broneer 1977 O Broneer Terracotta Lamps Ιsth-mia ΙΙΙ Princeton 1977Brooks 2001 M Brooks Tricks of the Light NewScientist 1702285 (042001) 38-40Brothwell 1981 DR Brothwell Digging UpBones3 New York 1981Bruneau 1965 Ph Bruneau Les lampes DeacutelosXXVI Paris 1965Bruneau 1970a Ph Bruneau Tombes drsquoArgosBCH 94 (1970) 437-531Bruneau 1970b Ph Bruneau La vaisselle inLrsquoicirclot de la Maison des Comeacutediens Deacutelos XXVIIParis 1970 239-265Βruneau 2006 Ph Bruneau Le problegravem de lrsquoaesdeliacum BCH Suppl 47 (2006) 364-373Bruneau ndash Ducat 2010 Ph Bruneau ndash J DucatOδηγός της Δήλου4 (greek transl Ε Dimitrako-poulou ndash P Karvonis) Athens 2010Buikstra ndash Ubelaker 1994 JE Buikstra ndash DHUbelaker Standards for Data Collection fromHuman Skeletal Remains Arkansas Archaeologi-cal Survey Report 44 Arkansas 1994Bulle 1912 H Bulle Der Schoumlne Mensch im Alter-tum Eine Geschichte des Koumlrperideals bei AumlgypternOrientalen und Griechen2 Muumlnchen ndash Leipzig1912Burnett 1987 AM Burnett Coinage in the RomanWorld London 1987Buschor 1971 E Buschor Das hellenistische Bild-nis2 Muumlnchen 1971Calcani 1989 G Calcani Cavalieri di Bronzo Latorma di Alessandro opera di Lisippo Roma 1989Caley 1970 ER Caley Chemical Composition ofGreek and Roman Statuary Bronzes in S Do-eringer ndash DG Mitten ndash A Steinberg (eds) Artand Technology A Symposium on Classical BronzesCambridge Mass ndash London 1970 37-49de Callatayuml 1997 Fr de Callatayuml Lrsquohistoire desguerres mithridatiques vue par les monnaies Louvain1997Cankardeş-Şenol 2010 G Cankardeş-Şenol Nikan-dros Group Matrix Studies on the AmphoraStamps of the Group Olba 18 (2010) 125-139Caramessini-Oeconomides ndash Kleiner 1975 Μ Cara-messini-Oeconomides ndash FS Kleiner The Hie-rapytna Hoard A Supplement RBelgNum 121(1975) 5-19Carman et al 2012 CC Carman ndash A Thorndikendash J Evans On the Pin-and-Slot Device of theAntikythera Mechanism with a New Applica-tion to the Superior Planets Journal for the His-tory of Astronomy 43 (2012) 93-116Carre 1993 M-B Carre Lrsquoeacutepave agrave dolia de La-dispoli (Eacutetrurie Meacuteridionale) Eacutetude des vestigesde la coque Archaeonautica 11 (1993) 9-29Carroll-Spillecke 1994 M Carroll-Spillecke Rouml-mische Gaumlrten in Ηellenkemper Salies et al1994 901-909Casabona 1999 M Casabona Le monete di Cata-nia ellenistica fra Roma e le influenze orientaliRItNum 100 (1999) 13-46Casson 1971 L Casson Ships and Seamanship inthe Ancient World Princeton 1971Casson 1994 L Casson Travel in the AncientWorld London 1994


294

Arveiller-Dulong ndash Nenna 2000 V Arveiller-Du-long ndash M-D Nenna Museacutee du Louvre Deacuteparte-ment des Antiquiteacutes grecques eacutetrusques et romainesLes verres antiques I Contenants agrave parfum en verremouleacute sur noyau et vaiselle mouleacutee VIIe siegravecle avantJ-C -1er siegravecle apregraves J-C Paris 2000Aurenhammer 1990 M Aurenhammer Die Skulp-turen von Ephesos Bildwerke aus Stein IdealplastikI FiE X1 Wien 1990Baatz 1994 D Baatz Die Handmuumlhlen in Hel-lenkemper Salies et al 1994 97-103Bailey 1975 DM Bailey A Catalogue of the Lampsin the British Museum I Greek Hellenistic and EarlyRoman Pottery Lamps Oxford 1975Baldo 2004 G Baldo (ed) Μ Τulli Ciceronis InC Verrem actionis secundae Liber quartus (De si-gnis) Firenze 2004Baldwin Bowsky 2011 M Baldwin Bowsky Colo-nia Iulia Nobilis Cnosus the First 100 YearsThe Evidence of Italian Sigillata Stamps in RJ Sweetman (ed) Roman Colonies in the First Cen-tury of their Foundation Oxford 2011 117-134Baldwin Bowsky ndash Gavrilaki 2011 M BaldwinBowsky ndash E Gavrilaki Kleorsquos Clay Inscribed In-strumenta Domestica from Lappa (Crete) Cre-tAnt 11 (2010) 173-253Barr-Sharrar 1987 B Barr-Sharrar The Hellenisticand Εarly Imperial Decorative Bust Mainz amRhein 1987Barr-Sharrar 1994 B Barr-Sharrar The BronzeLamps in Hellenkemper Salies et al 1994 639-655Barr-Sharrar 1998 B Barr-Sharrar Some Obser-vations Concerning Late Hellenistic BronzeProduction on Delos in O Palagia ndash W Coul-son (eds) Regional Schools in Hellenistic SculptureProceedings of an International Conference Held atthe American School of Classical Studies at Athens15-1731996 Oxford 1998 185-198Basch 1972 L Basch Ancient Wrecks and theArchaeology of Ships IntJNautA 1 (1972) 1-58Baudoin ndash Liou ndash Long 1994 C Baudoin ndash B Lioundash L Long Une cargaison de bronzes helleacutenistiquesLrsquoeacutepave Fourmigue C agrave Golfe-Juan Paris 1994Beck et al 1990 H Beck ndash PC Bol ndash M Buumlckling(eds) Polyklet Der Bildhauer der griechischen Klas-sik Exhibition Catalogue Frankfurt Liebieg-haus Museum alter Plastik Mainz am Rhein1990Βeltrame ndash Gaddi 2005 C Βeltrame ndash D GaddiThe Rigging and the Hydraulic Systemrsquo of theRoman Wreck at Grado Gorizia Italy IntJ-NautA 34 (2005) 79-87Benoit 1961 F Benoit Fouilles sous-marinesLrsquoeacutepave du Grand Congloueacute agrave Marseille Paris 1961Bergemann 1988 J Bergemann Die Pferde vonSan Marco Zeitstellung und Funktion RM 95(1988) 115-128Berlin 1988 A Berlin The Hellenistic and ΕarlyRoman Common-ware Pottery from Tel Anafa PhDMichigan 1988Berthold 1984 RM Berthold Rhodes in the Hel-lenistic Age Ithaca minus London 1984Bes ndash Poblome 2006 Ph Bes ndash J Poblome A ΝewLook at Old Data the ICRATES Platform in DMalfitana ndash J Poblome ndash J Lund (eds) Old Pot-tery in a New Context Innovating Perspectives on

Chamoux 1968 F Chamoux LrsquoHeacuteraclegraves drsquoAnti-kythegravere RA 1968 161-170Chatzidakis 1994 PΙ Chatzidakis laquoΟικία της Λί-μνηςraquo Νότιο πηγάδι του αιθρίου in ΕλληνιστικήKεραμική από το Αιγαίο Mytilene 1994 46-73Chatzidakis 1997 PI Chatzidakis Κτήριο νότιατου laquoΙερού του Προμαχώνοςraquo Μια tavernavinaria στη Δήλο in Δ΄ Συνάντηση για την Ελληνι-στική Κεραμική Χρονολογικά Προβλήματα ΚλειστάΣύνολα - Εργαστήρια (Μυτιλήνη Μάρτιος 1994)Athens 1997 291-307Chatzidakis 2000 PΙ Chatzidakis Οψοποιητικάσκεύη από τη Δήλο in Ε΄ Συνάντηση για την Ελ-ληνιστική Κεραμική Χρονολογικά Προβλήματα Κλει-στά Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια (Χανιά Απρίλιος 1997)Athens 2000 115-130Chatzidakis 2003 PΙ Chatzidakis Δήλος Athens2003Chatzidakis 2004 PΙ Chatzidakis Τα μαγειρικάσκεύη στους αρχαίους Έλληνες Κωμωδιογρά-φους και στη Δήλο in ΣΤ΄ Συνάντηση για την Ελ-ληνιστική Κεραμική Προβλήματα ΧρονολόγησηςΚλειστά Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια (Βόλος 17-23 Απριλίου2000) Athens 2004 641-654Christodoulidou 1990-1995 Ε ChristodoulidouΕλληνιστικοί και ρωμαϊκοί λύχνοι από την πε-ριοχή του Γαλεριανού Συγκροτήματος ΑΑΑ 23-28 (1990-1995) 255-262Coarelli 1983a F Coarelli Lrsquo ‛Agora des Italiensrsquoa Delo Il mercato degli schiavi in F Coarelliminus D Musti minus E Solin (eds) Delo e Italia Οpu-scula Instituti Romani Finlandiae II Bardi 1983119-146Coarelli 1983b F Coarelli Il commercio delleopera drsquoarte in etagrave tardo-republicana DialA 31(1983) 45-53Coarelli 2005F Coarelli LrsquoAgora des Italiens lo staterion diDelo AJA 19 (2005) 197-212Coates 2001 J Coates Planking Tenons in An-cient Mediterranean Ships Built Shell FirstTρόπις 6 (2001) 153-170 Cocco 1970 M Cocco Sulla funzione dellrsquoldquoAgora degli Italianirdquo di Delo PP 25 (1970) 446-449Cohen 2006 G Cohen The Hellenistic Settlementsin Syria the Red Sea Basin and North AfricaBerkeley minus Los Angeles minus London 2006Colls minus Domergue minus Guerrero Ayuso 1986 D Collsminus C Domergue minus V Guerrero Ayuso Les in-gots de plomb de lrsquoeacutepave romaine Cabrera 5 Ilede Cabrera Baleacuteares (derniegraveres aneacutees du 1e sav ou dans le premier quart du 1er s ap JC)Archaeonautica 6 (1986) 31-80Connelly 2005 J Breton-Connelly Excavationson Geronisos Island Second Report the CentralSouth Complex RDAC 2005 151-182Corso 2002 A Corso Αρχαία Ελληνικά Υποδή-ματα Αρχαιολογία και Τέχνες 82 (2002) 59-67Corso 2004 A Corso The Art of Praxiteles The De-velopment of Praxitelesrsquo Workshop and its SculpturalTradition under the Sculptorrsquos Acme (364-1 BC)Roma 2004Corso 2007 A Corso The Art of Praxiteles II TheMature Years Roma 2007Corso ndash Mugellesi ndash Rosati 1988 Α Corso minus RMugellesi minus G Rosati Gaio Plinio Secondo Storia

Naturale V Mineralogia e storia dellrsquoArte Libri 33-37 Torino 1988Courbin 1957 P Courbin Une tombe geacuteomeacute-trique drsquoArgos BCH 81 (1957) 322-386Courby 1922 F Courby Les vases grecs agrave reliefsParis 1922Crawford 1985 MH Crawford Coinage andMoney under the Roman Republic Italy and theMediterranean Economy London 1985Crawford 1987 MH Crawford Sicily in AMBurnett ndash MH Crawford (eds) The Coinage ofthe Roman World in the Late Republic Proceedingsof a Colloquium Held at the British Museum in Sep-tember 1985 Oxford 1987 43-51Curtis 2001 RI Curtis Ancient Food TechnologyLeiden ndash Boston ndash Koumlln 2001Curtis 2008 RI Curtis Food Processing andPreparation in Oleson 2008 369-392Cutroni Tusa 1976-1977 A Cutroni Tusa Soprint-endenza Archeologica della Sicilia occidentaleAnnIstItNum 23-24 (1976-1977) 304-315Dafas 2008 Κ Dafas Ο Χάλκινος Έφηβος των Αντι-κυθήρων Unpublished Master Thessaloniki 2008(httpinveniolibauthgrrecord103313filesgri-2008-1406pdf)Dalby 2000 Α Dalby Σειρήνεια δείπνα Ιστορία τηςδιατροφής και της γαστρονομίας στην Ελλάδα (greektransl Ε Patrikiou) Iraklio 2000Damianidis 1996 ΚΑ Damianidis Ελληνική Πα-ραδοσιακή Ναυπηγική Athens 1996Davidson 1952 G R Davidson The Minor ObjectsCorinth XII Princeton 1952Davis 2009 DL Davis Commercial Νavigation inthe Greek and Roman World PhD University ofTexas Austin 2009Deonna 1938 W Deonna Le mobilier Deacutelien DeacutelosXVIII Paris 1938Deppert-Lippitz 1985a B Deppert-Lippitz Grie-chischer Goldschmuck Mainz 1985Deppert-Lippitz 1985b B Deppert-Lippitz Gold-schmuck der Roumlmerzeit im Roumlmisch-GermanischenZentralmuseum Bonn 1985Despinis 1988 G Despinis Zur Deutung des so-genannten Protesilaos in New York in MSchmidt (ed) Kanon Festschrift fuumlr Ernst Bergerzum 60 Geburtstag am 26 Februar 1988 gewidmetBasel 1988 87-90Despinis 1996 G Despinis Studien zur hellenis-tischen Plastik II Statuengruppen AM 111(1996) 299-336Despinis 2008 G Despinis Klassische Skulptu-ren von der Athener Akropolis AM 123 (2008)235-340Despoini 1996 K Despoini Αρχαία XρυσάKοσμήματα Athens 1996Diels H Diels Antike Technik Leipzig ndash Berlin1924Dierks-Kiehl 1973 Chr Dierks-Kiehl Zu spaumlthel-lenistischen bewegten Figuren der 2 Haumllfte des 2Jahrhunderts Diss Koumlln 1973Dikbaş 2008 G Dikbaş Die Graue Keramik von Ai-zanoi Von der spaumlten Eisenzeit bis zur spaumltantikenZeit Diss Koumlln 2008Doblhofer ndash Mauritsch 1995 G Doblhofer ndash PMauritsch (eds) Boxen Texte UumlbersetzungenKommentar Wien ndash Koumlln ndash Weimar 1995Domergue 1990 C Domergue Les mines de la pe-ninsula ibeacuterique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute romaine Rome 1990

van Doorninck 1982 FrH van Doorninck TheHull Remains in GF Bass ndash FrH van Doorn-inck (eds) Yassi Ada I A Seventh Century ByzantineShipwreck College Station 1982 32-64Doumlrig 1994 J Doumlrig Deinomeacutenegraves AntK 37(1994) 67-80Doulgeri-Intzesiloglou 1994 Α Doulgeri-Intze-siloglou Τα ελληνιστικά λυχνάρια των Φερώνin Γ΄ Επιστημονική Συνάντηση για την ΕλληνιστικήΚεραμεική Χρονολογημένα Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια(Θεσσαλονίκη 24-27 Σεπτεμβρίου 1991) Athens1994 363-388Dreyfus ndash Schraudolph 1996 R Dreyfus ndash ESchraudolph (eds) Pergamon The Telephos Friezefrom the Great Altar I Exhibition Catalogue NewYork Metropolitan Museum 1611996 ndash1441996 and San Francisco Museum of FineArts 451996 ndash 891996 San Francisco 1996Drougou 1992 S Drougou Ανασκαφή Πέλλας1957-1964 Οι Πήλινοι Λύχνοι Athens 1992Drougou 2011 S Drougou Βεργίνα - μαρμάρινασκεύη από το συγκρότημα του ανακτόρου in PValavanis (ed) Ταξιδεύοντας στην κλασική ΕλλάδαΤόμος προς τιμήν του καθηγητή Πέτρου ΘέμεληAthens 2011 69-81Drougou ndash Touratsoglou 1980 S Drougou ndash Ι To-uratsoglou Ελληνιστικοί λαξευτοί τάφοι ΒεροίαςAthens 1980Drougou ndash Touratsoglou 1998 S Drougou ndash Ι To-uratsoglou Ελληνιστικοί λαξευτοί τάφοι Βεροίας2Athens 1998Dura-Europos 1944 Τhe Excavations at Dura ndashEu-ropos Preliminary Report 91 Ninth Season ofWork 1935-1936 The Agora and Bazaar NewHaven 1944Edmunds 2011 M Edmunds An Initial Assess-ment of the Accuracy of the Gear Train in theAntikythera Mechanism Journal for the History ofAstronomy 42148 (2011) 307-320Edmunds ndash Morgan 2000Μ Edmunds ndash Ρ Morgan The AntikytheraMechanism Still a Μystery of Greek Αstro-nomy Astronomy and Geophysics 416 (2000) 10-17Edwards 1965 GR Edwards The HellenisticPottery from the Shipwreck of Antikythera inWeinberg et al 1965 18-27Εdwards 1996 ChM Edwards Lysippos in OPalagia ndash JJ Pollitt (eds) Personal Styles in GreekSculpture Cambridge 1996 130-153Eiseman ndash Ridgway 1987 CJ Eiseman minus B Sis-mondo Ridgway The Porticello Shipwreck AMediterranean Merchant Vessel of 415-385 BCTexas 1987Empereur 1987 J-Y Empereur ndash A HesnardLes amphores helleacutenistiques in P Leacutevecircque ndash J-P Morel (eds) Ceacuteramiques helleacutenistiques et romainesII Paris 1987 9-71Errington 2008 RM Errington A History of theHellenistic World 323-30 BC Malden ndash Oxford ndashVictoria 2008Erskine 2003 A Erskine (ed) Α Companion to theHellenistic World Malden ndash Oxford 2003Espenak ndash Meeus 2009 F Espenak ndash J Meeus FiveMillennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses ndash1999 to+3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE) National Aero-nautics and Space Administration online at

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295

httpeclipsegsfcnasagovSEpubs5MCLEhtml(2009)Evans ndash Berggren 2006 J Evans ndash L BerggrenGeminosrsquos Introduction to the Phenomena A Trans-lation and Study of a Hellenistic Survey of AstronomyPrinceton 2006Evans et al 2010 J Evans ndash CC Carman ndashASThorndike Solar Anomaly and PlanetaryDisplays in the Antikythera Mechanism Journalfor the History of the Astronomy 41 (022010) 1-39Faust 1989 S Faust Fulcra Figuumlrlicher und orna-mentaler Schmuck an antiken Betten Mainz amRhein 1989Faust 1994 S Faust Die Klinen in Hellenkem-per Salies et al 1994 573-605Fittschen 1995 K Fittschen Zur Bildnisstatuedes Kleonikos ldquodes Juumlnglings von Eretriardquo Ei-rene 31 (1995) Festgabe fuumlr J Bouzek 98-108Flinders 1914 WM Flinders Petrie Amulets Sur-rey 1914Finkielsztejn 2000 G Finkielsztejn Chronologieet diffusion des derniegraveres amphores timbreacuteesrhodiennes eacutetude preacuteliminaire ReiCretActa 36(2000) 407-415Foerster 1984 F Foerster New Views on BilgePumps from Roman Wrecks IntJNautA 13(1984) 85-93Foerster Laures 1983 F Foerster Laures RomanNaval Construction as Shown by the Palamoacuteswreck IntJNautA 12 (1983) 219-228Foerster Laures 1984a F Foerster Laures TheEvolution of Antique Ship Construction in theMediterranean A Hypothesis IntJNautA 13(1984) 323-325Foerster Laures 1984b F Foerster Laures Con-siderations on the Capacity of the Roman BilgePump IntJNautA 13 (1984) 327-328Foerster Laures 1985 F Foerster Laures TheProblem of the Bilge and the Pump in AntiquityTρόπις 1 (1985) 91-96Foy ndash Nenna 2001 D Foy ndash M-D Nenna Tout feutout sable Mille ans de verre antique dans le Midi dela France Exhibition Catalogue Museacutee drsquoHis-toire de Marseille Aix-en-Provence 2001Formenti 1978 F Formenti ndash A Hesnard ndash ATchernia Note sur le contenu drsquoune amphoreLamboglia 2 de lrsquoeacutepave de la Madrague deGiens Archaeonautica 2 (1978) 95-100Fraser 1928 AD Fraser The AntikytheraBronze Youth and a Herm-Replica AJA 32(1928) 298-308Freeth 2002a Τ Freeth The Antikythera Mech-anism 1 Challenging the Classic ResearchMediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry 21(2002) 21-35Freeth 2002b Τ Freeth The Antikythera Mech-anism 2 Is it Posidoniusrsquo Orrery MediterraneanArchaeology and Archaeometry 22 (2002) 45-58Freeth 2009 T Freeth Decoding an AncientComputer Scientific American 3016 (122009)76-83Freeth et al 2006 T Freeth ndash Υ Bitsakis ndash ΧMoussas ndash JH Seiradakis ndash Α Tselikas ndash ΗMangou ndash Μ Zafeiropoulou ndash R Hadland ndash DBate ndash Α Ramsey ndash Μ Allen ndash Α Crawley ndash ΡHockley ndash Τ Malzbender ndash D Gelb ndash W Am-brisco ndash MG Edmunds Decoding the Ancient

Greek Astronomical Calculator known as theAntikythera Mechanism Nature 444 (112006)587-591Freeth et al 2008 T Freeth ndash A Jones ndash JM Steelendash Y Bitsakis Calendars with Olympiad Displayand Eclipse Prediction on the Antikythera Mech-anism Nature 454 (072008) 614-617Freeth ndash Jones 2012 T Freeth ndash A Jones TheCosmos in the Antikythera Mechanism ISAWPapers 4 To be available at httpdlibnyueduawdlisawisaw-papers4(2012)Frielinghaus 2011 H Frielinghaus Die Helme vonOlympia Ein Beitrag zu Waffenweihungen in grie-chischen Heiligtuumlmern Berlin ndash New York 2011Froning 1981 H Froning Marmor-Schmuckreliefsmit griechischen Mythen im 1 Jh v Chr Untersu-chungen zu Chronologie und Funktion Mainz amRhein 1981Frost 1903 KT Frost The Statues from Cerig-otto JHS 23 (1903) 217-236Fuchs 1957 W Fuchs Eine Bronzestatuette desstrengen Stiles im Lateran RM 64 (1957) 222-231Fuchs 1963 W Fuchs Der Schiffsfund von MahdiaTuumlbingen 1963Gabrielsen 1997 V Gabrielsen The Naval Aristoc-racy of Hellenistic Rhodes Aringahrus 1997Gabrielsen 2001 V Gabrielsen The Rhodian As-sociations and Economic Activity in Archibaldet al 2001 215-244Gabrielsen 2003 V Gabrielsen Piracy and theSlave Trade in Erskine 2003 389-404Galili et al 2002 Ε Galili ndash B Rosen ndash J SharvitFishing-Gear Sinkers Recovered from an Un-derwater Wreckage Site off the Carmel CoastIsrael IntJNautA 312 (2002) 182-201 Galsterer 1994 H Galsterer Kunstraub undKunsthandel im republikanischen Rom in Hel-lenkemper Salies et al 1994 857-866Gardner 2000 B Gardner A 3D Analysis of X-raysof the Antikythera Mechanism PhD Sydney 2000Gelsdorf 1994a Fr Gelsdorf Antike Schiffahrt-srouten im Mittelmeer in Ηellenkemper Salieset al 1994 751-758Gelsdorf 1994b Fr Gelsdorf Antike Wrackfundemit Kunsttransporten im Mittelmeer in Hel-lenkemper Salies et al 1994 759-766Geominy 1994 W Geominy Der Schiffsfund vonMahdia und seine Bedeutung fuumlr die antikeKunstgeschichte in Hellenkemper Salies et al1994 927-942Geominy 2004 W Geominy Die Zeit von 390 bis360 v Chr in Bol 2004 259-302Gershenson 1998 DE Gershenson CoryphaionCephalorion and Rhosos JQR 891 (1998) 127-130Gianfrotta ndash Pomey 1980 PA Gianfrotta ndash PPomey Archeologia subacquea Storia techniche sco-perte e relitti Milano 1980Giannikouri ndash Patsiada ndash Philimonos 1990 Α Gian-nikouri ndash V Patsiada ndash Μ Philimonos Χρονο-λογικά προβλήματα γραπτής κεραμικής από τηΡόδο in Β΄ Επιστημονική Συνάντηση για την Ελλη-νιστική Κεραμεική Χρονολογικά Προβλήματα τηςEλληνιστικής Kεραμεικής (Ρόδος 22-25 Μαρτίου1989) Athens 1990 172-184

Gibbins 2001 D Gibbins Shipwrecks and Hel-lenistic Trade in Archibald et al 2001 205-232Gleave 2000 J Gleave Website at wwwgrand-il-lusionscomantikythhtm (2000)Gofas 1970 DC Gofas Δεῖγμα Ἱστορικὴ ἔρευνα ἐπὶτοῦ δικαίου τῶν συναλλαγῶν Athens 1970Gofas 1993 DC Gofas Μελέτες ἱστορίας τοῦ ἑλλη-νικοῦ δικαίου τῶν συναλλαγῶν Athens 1993Grace 1965 VR Grace The Commercial Am-phoras from the Antikythera Shipwreck inWeinberg et al 1965 5-17Grace 1979VR Grace Amphoras and the Ancient Wine TradeAgora Picture Book no 6 Princeton 1979Gratziou 2010 V Gratziou Αγαλματικοί τύποι τουΕρμή στην πλαστική της Κλασικής Εποχής Unpub-lished Doctoral Thesis Ioannina 2010Green 2000 P Green Pergamon and SperlongaA Historianrsquos Reactions in NT de Grummondndash BS Ridgway (eds) From Pergamon to SperlongaSculpture and Context Berkeley ndash Los Angeles ndashLondon 2000 166-190Green 2008 K Green laquoRhosica Vasaraquo as Metal-work Rather than Earthenware an Interpreta-tion Reinforced by Philological Analysis Facta 2(2008) 231-233Greifenhagen 1975 Α Greifenhagen Schmuckar-beiten in Edelmetall II Einzelstuumlcke Berlin1975Grose 1979 DF Grose The Syro-PalestinianGlass Industry in the Later Hellenistic PeriodMuse 13 (1979) 54-67Grose 1989 DF Grose The Toledo Museum of ArtEarly Ancient Glass Core-formed Rod-formed andCast Vessels and Objects from the Late Bronze Age tothe Early Roman Empire 1600 BC to AD 50New York ndash Toledo 1989de Grummond 2000 NT de Grummond Gaulsand Giants Skylla and the Palladion in NT deGrummond ndash BS Ridgway (eds) From Perga-mon to Sperlonga Sculpture and Context Berkeleyndash Los Angeles ndash London 2000 255-277Gunther 1932 RT Gunther The Astrolabes of theWorld Α΄ Oxford 1932Hackens 1970 T Hackens Les monnaies in PhBruneau (ed) Lrsquoicirclot de la Maison des ComeacutediensDeacutelos XXVII Paris 1970 387-419Hackens 1976 Τ Hackens Catalogue of the Classi-cal Collection Classical Jewelry Museum of ArtRhode Island School of Design Rhode Island 1976Hartner 1939 W Hartner The Principle and Useof the Astrolabe in AU Pope ndash Ph Ackerman(eds) A Survey of Persian Art from Prehistoric Timesto the Present III London 1939 2531Hartner 1967 W Hartner The Principle and Useof the Astrolabe in AU Pope ndash Ph Ackerman(eds) Α Survey of Persian Art from Prehistoric Timesto the Present VI London ndash New York 19672530-2554Haumluber 1994 Chr Haumluber endlich lebe ich wieein Mensch Zu domus horti und villae in Romin Hellenkemper Salies et al 1994 911-926Hayes 1985 J Hayes Atlante delle forme ceramicheII Ceramica fine romana del bacino mediterraneo(tardo hellenismo e primo impero) EAA Suppl 2Roma 1985Ηayes 1990 JW Hayes Μερικές υστεροελληνι-στικές ομάδες από τις ανασκαφές της laquoοικίας


296

του Διονύσουraquo στην Πάφο in Β΄ ΕπιστημονικήΣυνάντηση για την Ελληνιστική Κεραμεική Χρονολο-γικά Προβλήματα της Ελληνιστικής Κεραμεικής(Ρόδος 22-25 Μαρτίου 1989) Athens 1990 115-119Hayes 1991 J Hayes The Hellenistic and RomanPottery Paphos III Nicosia 1991Hayes 2008 JW Hayes Roman Pottery Fine-WareImports Agora XXXII Princeton 2008Head 1880 BV Head On the Chronological Se-quence of the Coinage of Ephesus NumChron 20(1880) 85-173Head 1892 BV Head A Catalogue of the GreekCoins in the British Museum Ionia London 1892Heilmeyer 1994 W-D Heilmeyer Zur Oberflauml-che antiker Groszligbronzen in HellenkemperSalis et al 1994 801-807Hekler 1913 A Hekler Portraits antiques Paris1913Hellenkemper 1994 H Hellenkemper Der Wegin die Katastrophe Mutmaszligungen uumlber dieletzte Fahrt des Mahdia-Schiffes in Hellenkem-per Salies et al 1994 153-164Hellenkemper Salies et al 1994 G HellenkemperSalies ndash H-H von Prittwitz und Gaffron ndash GBauchhenszlig (eds) Das Wrack Der antike Schiffs-fund von Mahdia Exhibition Catalogue Rheini-sches Landesmuseum Bonn 11-2 Koumlln 1994Hellstroumlm 1965 Ρ Hellstroumlm Pottery of Classicaland Later Date Terracotta Lamps and GlassLabraunda Swedish Excavations and researches IILund 1965Herrmann 1973 Α Herrmann AJA 774 (1973)451-453 (review on Bol 1972)Herz 2010 N Herz The Classical Marble Quar-ries of Paros Paros-1 Paros-2 and Paros-3 inDU Schilardi ndash D Katsonopoulou (eds) PariaLithos Parian Quarries Marble and Workshops ofSculpture2 Proceedings of the First InternationalConference on the Archaeology of Paros and the Cy-clades Paros 2 - 5101997 Athens 2010 27-33Hesnard et al 1988 A Hesnard ndash MB Carre ndash MRival Lrsquoeacutepave Grand Ribaud D (Ηuegraveres Var) Ar-chaeonautica 8 (1988) 3-180Ηiggins 1980 RA Higgins Greek and Roman Jew-ellery2 London 1980Hiller 1962 Fr Hiller Zum Neapler AumlschinesMarbWPr 1962 53-60Himmelmann 1970 Ν Himmelmann Der laquoSar-kophagraquo aus Megiste AbhMainz 1 (1970) 5-30Himmelmann 1989 Ν Himmelmann (ed) Herr-scher und Athlet Die Bronzen vom Quirinal Exhi-bition Catalogue Bonn Akademisches Kunst-museum 206 ndash 591989 Milano 1989Himmelmann 1990 Ν Himmelmann Antisthe-nes in Andreae 1990 13-23Himmelmann 1994 Ν Himmelmann Mahdiaund Antikythera in Hellenkemper Salies et al1994 849-855Himmelmann 1995 N Himmelmann SperlongaDie homerischen Gruppen und ihre Bildquellen Op-laden 1995Himmelmann 2009 N Himmelmann Der ausru-hende Herakles Padeborn ndash Muumlnchen ndash Wien ndashZuumlrich 2009Hocker 1995 F Hocker Lead Hull Sheathing inAntiquity Tρόπις 3 (1995) 197-206

Ηoumlckmann 1994 Ο Ηoumlckmann Das Schiff inHellenkemper Salies et al 1994 53-81Hoff 1994 R von den Hoff Philosophenportraumlts desFruumlh- und Hochhellenismus Muumlnchen 1994Hoslashgel 2008 Chr Hoslashgel Cicero on Atticus Serv-ing from ldquoRhosica Vasardquo Facta 2 (2008) 221-223Hollinshead 2002 MB Hollinshead Extendingthe Reach of Marble Struts in Greek andRoman Sculpture in El K Gazda (ed) The An-cient Art of Emulation Studies in Artistic Originalityand Tradition from the Present to Classical AntiquityMichigan University 2002 117-152Houmllscher 1994 T Houmllscher Hellenistische Kunstund roumlmische Aristokratie in HellenkemperSalies et al 1994 875-888Ηοpkins 1983 K Hopkins Models Ships andStaples in P Garnsey minus CR Whittaker (eds)Τrade and Famine in Classical Antiquity Cam-bridge 1983 84-109Houser 1987 C Houser Greek Monumental BronzeSculpture of the Fifth and Fourth Centuries BCNew York ndash London 1987Howells 1973 WW Howells Cranial Variation inMan a Study by Multivariate Analysis of Patterns ofDifference among Recent Human Populations Cam-bridge Mass 1973Howland 1958 RH Howland Greek Lamps andtheir Survivals Agora IV Princeton 1958Huumlbner 1986 G Huumlbner Der Portraumltkopf Uumlber-legungen zu pergamenischen Portraumltplastikvom 2 Jh v Chr bis in augusteische Zeit inMN Filgis ndash W Radt (eds) Die Stadtgrabung DasHeroon AvP XV1 Berlin 1986 127-145Huumlbner 2000 G Huumlbner Zur Lagynos Aspekteund Retrospektiven in Ε΄ Επιστημονική Συνάν-τηση για την Ελληνιστική Κεραμική ΧρονολογικάΠροβλήματα Κλειστά Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια (ΧανιάΑπρίλιος 1997) Athens 2000 161-178Humphrey ndash Oleson ndash Sherwood 1998 JWHumphrey ndash JP Oleson ndash AN Sherwood (eds)Greek and Roman Technology A Sourcebook Lon-don 1998Ignatiadou 2009 D Ignatiadou Almonds Lobesand Ribs in K Janssens et al (eds) Annales du17e Congregraves de lrsquoAssociation Internationale pourlrsquoHistoire du Verre Anvers 2006 Antwerp 200915-20Imperium Konflikt Mythos 2009 Imperium KonfliktMythos 2000 Jahre Varusschlacht Exhibition Ca-talogue LWL-Roumlmermuseum in Haltern amSee 155 ndash 11102009 Stuttgart 2009Inscriptions of Technological Content 2002 ΑncientGreek Inscriptions of Technological Content Exhibi-tion Catalogue 4 ndash 3062002 Athens 2002Isager 1993 J Isager The Hellenization ofRome Luxuria or Liberalitas in P GuldagerBilde ndash I Nielsen ndash M Nielsen (eds) Aspects ofHellenism in Italy Towards a Cultural UnityCopenhagen 1993 257-275Jackson 2006 M Jackson Hellenistic Gold ErosJewellery Technique Style and Chronology Oxford2006Jackson 2010 ΜM Jackson New Jewellery Evi-dence from the Antikythera Shipwreck A Sty-listic and Chronological Analysis BCH 134(2010) 177-194

Jockey 1998 Ph Jockey Neither School norKoine The Local Workshops of Delos and theirUnfinished Sculpture in O Palagia ndash W Coul-son (eds) Regional Schools in Hellenistic SculptureProceedings of an International Conference Held atthe American School of Classical Studies at Athens 15ndash1731996 Oxford 1998 177-184 De Juliis Ε De Juliis Gli Ori di Taranto in etagrave elle-nistica5 Milano 1987Kabbadias 1900 P Kabbadias Ἀνακοίνωσις περὶτῶν ἐκ τῆς παρὰ τὰ Ἀντικύθηρα θαλάσσηςἀγαλμάτων ΠΑΕ 1900 95-102Kabbadias 1901 P Κabbadias The Recent FindsOff Cythera JHS 21 (1901) 205-208Kakavoyannis 2005 ΕC Kakavoyannis Μέταλλαεργάσιμα και συγκεχωρημένα Η οργάνωση της εκμε-τάλλευσης του ορυκτού πλούτου της Λαυρεωτικής απότην Αθηναϊκή Δημοκρατία Athens 2005Kallet-Marx 1995 R Kallet-Marx Hegemony toEmpire The Development of the Roman Imperium inthe East from 148 to 62 BC Berkeley ndash Los An-geles ndash Oxford 1995Kaltsas 1983 N Kaltsas Από τα ελληνιστικά νε-κροταφεία της Πύλου ΑΔ 38 (1983) Α΄-Μελέτες1-77Kaltsas 2002 Ν Kaltsas Εθνικό Αρχαιολογικό Μου-σείο Τα Γλυπτά Κατάλογος2 Athens 2002Kaltsas 2004 Ν Kaltsas (ed) Αγών ExhibitionCatalogue National Archaeological Museum157 ndash 31102004 Athens 2004Kaltsas 2008 N Kaltsas (ed) Agon The Spirit ofCompetition in Ancient Greece Exhibition Cata-logue Capital Museum Beijing 317 ndash14102008 Αthens 2008Kaltsas ndash Despinis 2007 Ν Kaltsas ndash G Despinis(eds) Πραξιτέλης Exhibition Catalogue Natio-nal Archaeological Museum 257 ndash 31102007Athens 2007Kansteiner 2000 S Kansteiner Herakles Die Dar-stellungen in der Groszligplastik der Antike Koumlln ndash Wei-mar ndash Wien 2000Karagiorga 1995 Karo 1948 Th Karagiorga Derverkannte Protesilaos AM 110 (1995) 207-233Karo 1948 G Karo Art Salvaged from the SeaArchaeology 1 (1948) 179-185Karo 1965 G Karo Antikythera in J du PlatTaylor (ed) Marine Archaeology Developmentsduring Sixty Years in the Mediterranean London1965 35-39Karouzos 1969 C Karouzos Χρονικὸν τῆς ἀνα-συστάσεως τοῦ χαλκίνου Νέου τῶν Ἀντικυθή-ρων ΑΕ 1969 59-79Karouzou 1965 S Karouzou Ὁ Σάτυρος τῆς Λα-μίας - Ἀκρωτήριο Χαριστήριον εἰς Ἀν ὈρλάνδονΑ΄ Athens 1965 176-186Karouzou 1967 S Karouzou Ἐθνικόν Ἀρχαιολογι-κόν Μουσεῖον Συλλογή Γλυπτῶν Περιγραφικός Κα-τάλογος Athens 1967Karouzou 1981 C ndash S Karouzou Ανθολόγημα Θη-σαυρών του Εθνικού Μουσείου Athens 1981Karusu 1985 S Karusu Der Bronzekopf aus An-tikythera ndash ein kynischer Philosoph in Pro arteantiqua Festschrift fuumlr Hedwig Kenner II Wien1985 207-213Kasten 1976 H Kasten (ed) Marcus Tullius Ci-cero Atticus-Briefe2 (Lateinisch-Deutsch) Muumln-chen 1976

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μεική Χρονολογημένα Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια (Θεσσα-λονίκη 24-27 Σεπτεμβρίου 1991) Athens 1994185-195Kyrieleis 1969 H Kyrieleis Throne und KlinenStudien zur Formgeschichte altorientalischer und grie-chischer Sitz-und Liegemoumlbel vorhellenistischer ZeitBerlin 1969Landwehr 1990 Chr Landwehr Die Sitzstatueeines baumlrtigen Gottes in Cherchel zur Origina-litaumlt roumlmischer Vatergottdarstellungen in An-dreae 1990 101-122Landwehr 2000 Chr Landwehr Die roumlmischenSkulpturen von Caesarea Mauretaniae II Idealplas-tik Maumlnnliche Figuren Mainz am Rhein 2000Laser 1987 S Laser Sport und Spiel Goumlttingen1987Lawall 2002 ML Lawall Early Excavations atPergamon and the Chronology of Rhodian Am-phora Stamps Hesperia 71 (2002) 295-324Lawall 2004 ML Lawall Archaeological Contextand Aegean Amphora Chronologies A CaseStudy of Hellenistic Ephesos in J Eiring (ed)Transport Amphorae and Trade in the EasternMediterranean Acts of the International Colloquiumat the Danish Institute at Athens 26 - 2992002Aarhus University 2004 171ndash188Laumonier 1977 Α Laumonier La ceacuteramique hel-leacutenistique agrave reliefs ateliers ldquoioniensrdquo Deacutelos XXXIParis 1977Laurenzi 1941 L Laurenzi Ritratti Greci Firenze1941Lauter 1966 H Lauter Zur Chronologie roumlmischerKopien nach Originalen des V Jahrhunderts DissBonn 1966Lazos 1994 C Lazos Ο Υπολογιστής των Αντικυθή-ρων Μηχανισμοί με Διαφορικό Γρανάζι Athens1994Leibundgut 1990 Α Leibundgut PolykletischeElemente bei spaumlthellenistischen und roumlmischenKleinbronzen zur Wirkungsgeschichte Poly-klets in der Kleinplastik in Beck et al 1990397-427Leroux 1913 G Leroux Lagynos Recherches sur laceacuteramique et lrsquoart ornamental helleacutenistique Paris1913Leacutevy 1965 Ε Leacutevy Treacutesor helleacutenistique trouveacute agraveDeacutelos en 1964 Seconde partie les bijoux BCH89 (1965) 535-566LewisD 1997 DM Lewis The Chronology of theAthenian New Style Coinage in PJ Rhodes(ed) Selected Papers in Greek and Near EasternHistory Cambridge 1997 294-320LewisM 1997 MJT Lewis Millstone and HammerThe Origins of Water Power University of Hull1997Lewis 2000 M Lewis The Hellenistic Period inOuml Wikander (ed) Handbook of Ancient WaterTechnology Leiden 2000 631-648Ley et al 1994 CA Ley ndash LC Aiello ndash T Molle-son Cranial Suture Closure and its Implicationsfor Age Estimation International Journal of Os-teoarchaeology 4 (1994) 193-207Lierke 2009 R Lierke Die nicht-geblasenen antikenGlasgefaumlsse - ihre Herstellung von den Anfaumlngen biszu den Luxusglaumlsern der Roumlmer The Non-blown An-cient Glass Vessels - their Manufacturing from the Be-ginning to the Luxury Glasses of the Romans Offen-

bach 2009Lilimbaki-Akamati 1979 Μ Lilimbaki-AkamatiΧάλκινο fulcrum από την Πέλλα ΑΔ 34 (1979)Α΄- Μελέτες 138-149Linfert 1976 A Linfert Kunstzentren hellenistischerZeit Studien an weiblichen Gewandfiguren Wiesba-den 1976Linfert 1990 A Linfert Die Schule des Polykletin Beck et al 1990 240-297Liou ndash Domergue 1990 B Liou ndash C DomergueLe commerce de la Beacutetique au 1er siegravecle de notreegravere Lrsquoeacutepave Sud-Lavezzi 2 (Bonifacio Corse duSud) Archaeonautica 10 (1990) 11-123Lippold 1911 G Lippold Juumlnglingsstatue vonAntikythera JdI 26 (1911) 271-280Lippold 1923 G Lippold Kopien und Umbildun-gen griechischer Statuen Muumlnchen 1923Lippold 1950 G Lippold Die Griechische PlastikMuumlnchen 1950de Luca 1990 G de Luca Asklepios in Perga-mon in Andreae 1990 25-40Lullies ndash Hirmer 1979 R Lullies ndash M HirmerGriechische Plastik Von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Be-ginn der roumlmischen Kaiserzeit4 Muumlnchen 1979Lund 1999 J Lund Rhodian Amphorae inRhodes and Alexandria as Evidence of Tradein V Gabrielsen et al (ed) Hellenistic RhodesPolitics Culture and Society Aarhus 1999 185-204Lund 2002 J Lund The Ontogenesis of CypriotSigillata in A Rathje ndash M Nielsen ndash BBundgaard Rasmussen (eds) Pots for the LivingPots for the Dead Copenhagen 2002 185-223Lund 2005 J Lund An Economy of Consump-tion The Eastern Sigillata A Industry in theLate Hellenistic Period in ZH Archibald ndash JKDavies ndash V Gabrielsen (eds) Making Moving andManaging The New World of Ancient Economies323-31 BC Oxford 2005 233-252Lund ndash Malfitana ndash Poblome 2006 J Lund ndash DMalfitana ndash J Poblome ldquoRhosica vasa mandavirdquo(Cic Att 6113) Towards the Identification ofa Major Ceramic Tableware Industry of theEastern Mediterranean Eastern Sigillata AArchCl 57 (2006) 491-507Lund ndash Malfitana ndash Poblome 2008 J Lund ndash DMalfitana ndash J Poblome ldquoRhosica Vasardquo TheQuest Continues Facta 2 (2008) 217-219MacKendrick 1995 P MacKendrick (with techni-cal support by ΕL Benett jr) The Speeches ofCicero Context Law Rhetoric London 1995Maderna 1988 C Maderna Ιuppiter Diomedes undMerkur als Vorbilder fuumlr roumlmische Bildnisstatuen Un-tersuchungen zum roumlmischen statuarischen Idealpor-traumlt Heidelberg 1988Maderna 2004 C Maderna Die letzten Jahr-zehnte der spaumltklassischen Plastik in Bol 2004303-382Maderna-Lauter 1990 C Maderna-Lauter Poly-klet in hellenistischer und roumlmischer Zeit inBeck et al 1990 298-327Malamidou 2005 V Malamidou Roman Pottery inContext Fine and Coarse Wares from Five Sites inNorth-eastern Greece London 2005Malfitana 2002 D Malfitana Eastern Terra Sig-illata Wares in the Eastern MediterraneanNotes on an Initial Quantitative Analysis in F


298

Blonde ndash P Ballet ndash J-P Salles (eds) Ceacuteramiqueshelleacutenistiques et romaines Productions et diffusion enMeacutediterraneacutee orientale (Chypre Eacutegypte et cocircte syro-palestinienne) Lyon 2002 133-147Malfitana ndash Poblome ndash Lund 2005 D Malfitana ndash JPoblome ndash J Lund Eastern Sigillata A in ItalyA Social-Economic Evaluation BABesch 80(2005) 199-212Maltezos 1934 Κ Maltezos Εἰσηγητικὴ ἀνακοί-νωσις περὶ τοῦ εὑρήματος τῶν Ὰντικυθήρων καὶτῶν ἀνακοινώσεων τοῦ κ Θεοφανίδου ΠΑΑ 9(1934) 130-132Mandel 2000 V Mandel Weiszliggrundige Lagynoiaus Knidos in Ε΄ Επιστημονική Συνάντηση για τηνΕλληνιστική Κεραμική Χρονολογικά ΠροβλήματαΚλειστά Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια (Χανιά Απρίλιος1997) Athens 2000 179-188Mandel 2007 U Mandel Raumlumlichkeit und Be-wegungserleben - Koumlrperschicksale im Hoch-hellenismus (240-190 v Chr) in Bol 2007 103-187Mango 2001 E Mango Kleoneikos ein gebilde-ter Palaistrit Uumlberlegungen zum lsquoJuumlngling vonEretriarsquo in S Buzzi et al (ed) Zona ArcheologicaFestschrift fuumlr Hans Peter Isler zum 60 GeburtstagBonn 2001 279-288Mansuelli 1958 GA Mansuelli Galleria degli Uf-fizi Le sculture I Roma 1958Marcadeacute 1957 J Marcadeacute Sculptures argiennesBCH 81 (1957) 405-474Marcadeacute 1969 J Marcadeacute Αu Museacutee de DeacutelosEacutetude sur la sculpture helleacutenistique en ronde bosse deacute-couverte dans lrsquoicircle Paris 1969Maroacuteti 1961 E Maroacuteti Die Rolle der Seeraumlubereizur Zeit der roumlmischen Buumlrgerkriege Das Alter-tum 7 (1961) 32-41Maroacuteti 1969-1970 E Maroacuteti Der Sklavenmarktauf Delos und die Piraterie Helikon 9-10 (1969-1970) 24-42Martinez 2007 J-L Martinez Les styles praxiteacute-lisants aux eacutepoques helleacutenistique et romaine inA Pasquier ndash J-L Martinez (eds) PraxitegraveleExhibition Catalogue Louvre 233 ndash 1862007Paris 2007 294-359Mastrocinque 2009 A Mastrocinque The An-tikythera Shipwreck and Sinopersquos Culture dur-ing the Mithridatic Wars in JM Hoslashjte (ed)Mithridates VI and the Pontic Kingdom Aarhus2009 313-319Mattusch 1996 CC Mattusch Classical BronzesThe Art and Craft of Greek and Roman StatuaryIthaca 1996Mattusch 2008 C Mattusch Metalworkings andTools in Oleson 2008 418-438Mattusch ndash Lie 2005 CC Mattusch ndash H Lie TheVilla dei Papiri at Herculaneum Life and Afterlife ofa Sculpture Collection Los Angeles 2005Mayence ndash Leroux 1907 F Mayence ndash G LerouxRemarques sur quelques statues deacutecouvertes agraveDeacutelos BCH 31 (1907) 389-419McClellan 1984 MC McClellan Core-formedGlass from Dated Contexts PhD University ofPennsylvania 1984McGrail 2008 S McGrail Sea Transport Part 1Ships and Navigation in Oleson 2008 606-637Measham ndash Spathari ndash Donnelly 2000 Τ Meashamndash Ε Spathari ndash P Donnelly (eds) 1000 Years of

the Olympic Games Treasures of Ancient Greece Ex-hibition Catalogue Powerhouse Museum Syd-ney 197 ndash 15112000 Sydney 2000Medas 2009 S Medas Andature e manovre conla vela quadra in Χ Nieto ndash MA Cau (eds) Αr-queologia nagraveutica mediterragravenia Catalunya 2009419-426Merkouri 2010 Chr Merkouri Ο φαλλός ωςαποτροπαϊκό σύμβολο κατά την αρχαιότηταin Βάσκανος-Οφθαλμός Σύμβολα Μαγείας από Ιδιω-τικές Αρχαιολογικές Συλλογές Athens 2010 57-63Metzger 1994 IR Metzger Ein hellenistischesGrabmonument in Eretria in Γ΄ ΕπιστημονικήΣυνάντηση για την Ελληνιστική Κεραμεική Χρονολο-γημένα Σύνολα - Eργαστήρια (Θεσσαλονίκη 24-27Σεπτεμβρίου 1991) Athens 1994 171-179Meyer-Schlichtmann 1988 C Meyer-Schlicht-mann Die Pergamenische Sigillata aus der Stadtgra-bung von Pergamon Mitte 2 Jh v Chr- Mitte 2 Jhn Chr Berlin 1988Meyza 2000 H Meyza Early Eastern Sigillata Afrom Paphos in E΄ Επιστημονική Συνάντηση γιατην Ελληνιστική Κεραμική Χρονολογικά Προβλή-ματα Κλειστά Σύνολα - Eργαστήρια (Χανιά Απρίλιος1997) Athens 2000 237-246Michalowski 1932 C Michalowski Les portraitshelleacutenistiques et romains Deacutelos ΧΙΙΙ Paris 1932Milleker 1986 E Johnston Milleker The Statue ofApollo Lykeios in Athens PhD New York Univer-sity 1986Miller 1979 SG Miller Two Groups of ThessalianGold Berkeley 1979Mitsopoulos-Leon 1975 V Mitsopoulos-Leon Ge-faumlsse der Ostsigillata A von einem gesunkenenSchiff aus dem Golf von Antalya Germania 53(1975) 101-112Młynarczyk 2002 J Młynarczyk Hellenistic FineWares at Tell Keisan A Pattern of Importationsin F Blonde ndash P Ballet ndash J-P Salles (eds) Ceacutera-miques helleacutenistiques et romaines Productions et dif-fusion en Meacutediterraneacutee orientale (Chypre Eacutegypte etcocircte syro-palestinienne) Lyon 2002 117-132Molnar 1971 S Molnar Human Tooth WearTooth Function and Cultural Variability Ameri-can Journal of Physical Anthropology 34 (1971) 175-190Mols 1999 STA Mols Wooden Furniture in Her-culaneum Form Technique and Function Amster-dam 1999Μoreno 1982 P Moreno Il Farnese ritrovato edaltri tipi di Erakle in riposo MEFRA 941 (1982)379-526Moreno 1987 Ρ Moreno Vita e arte di Lisippo Mi-lano 1987Moreno 1994 P Moreno Scultura ellenistica I-IIRoma 1994Moreno 1995 P Moreno Lisippo Lrsquoarte e la for-tuna Exhibition Catalogue Rome Palazzo deiEsposizioni Milan 1995Moslashrkholm 1991 O Moslashrkholm Early HellenisticCoinage from the Accession of Alexander to the Peaceof Apamea (336-188 BC) Cambridge 1991Morrow 1985 K Dohan Morrow Greek Footwearand the Dating of Sculpture Madison Wisconsin1985Moussas 2011 X Moussas Ο Μηχανισμός των Αν-τικυθήρων laquoΠίναξraquo Το Πρώτο Μηχανικό Σύμπαν Ο

αρχαιότερος υπολογιστής και αστρονομικό όργανοAthens 2011Muckelroy 1978 K Muckelroy Maritime Archae-ology Cambridge 1978Muumlller 1998 JW Muumlller The Chronology ofEphesos Revisited SchwNumRu 77 (1998) 73-80Muthmann 1951 F Muthmann Statuenstuumltzen unddekoratives Beiwerk an griechischen und roumlmischenBildwerken Heidelberg 1951Mutz 1972 A Mutz Die Kunst des Metalldrehens beiden Roumlmern Interpretationen antiker Arbeitsverfah-ren auf Grund von Werkspuren Basel 1972Μygind 1999 B Μygind Intellectuals in Rhodesin V Gabrielsen et al (ed) Hellenistic RhodesPolitics Culture and Society Aarhus 1999 247-293Nafplioti 2007 A Nafplioti Population Bio-culturalHistory in the South Aegean during the Bronze AgeDoctoral Thesis University of Southampton2007Nenna 1999 M-D Nenna Les Verres DeacutelosXXXVII Paris 1999Neudecker 1988 R Neudecker Die Skulpturenaus-stattung roumlmischer Villen in Italien Mainz amRhein 1988Neugebauer 1969 O Neugebauer The Exact Sci-ences in Antiquity2 Dover ndash New York 1969Nicolet 1980 C Nicolet (ed) Insula sacra La loiGabinia-Calpurnia de Deacutelos (58 a J-C) Rome1980Niemeier 1985 J-P Niemeier Kopien und Nach-ahmungen im Hellenismus ein Beitrag zum Klassi-zismus des 2 und fruumlhen 1 Jhs v Chr Bonn 1985Nikolaidis 1903 G Nikolaidis Kres Ἄγαλμα λί-θινον ἐξ Ἀντικυθήρων ΑΕ 1903 201-206Nikolaou 2004 Ε Nikolaou Οι πήλινοι λύχνοιαπό το βόρειο νεκροταφείο της αρχαίας Δημη-τριάδας in ΣΤ΄ Επιστημονική Συνάντηση για τηνΕλληνιστική Κεραμική Προβλήματα ΧρονολόγησηςΚλειστά Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια (Βόλος 17-23 Απριλίου2000) Athens 2004 47-60Oikonomidou 2001 M Oikonomidou Νομισμα-τικός laquoθησαυρόςraquo Αντικυθήρων in A Alexandrindash Ι Leventi (eds) Καλλίστευμα Μελέτες προς τιμήντης Ο Τζάχου-Αλεξανδρή Athens 2001 541-544Oikonomou ndash Ioannidis 1995 ΝA Oikonomou ndashTh Ioannidis (eds) Γρανάζια από τους Έλληνες ΟΜηχανισμός των Αντικυθήρων Ένας ημερολογιακόςυπολογιστής από το 80 πΧ Thessaloniki 1995Οleson 1984 JP Oleson Greek and Roman Μech-anical Water-Lifting Devices The History of a Tech-nology Toronto 1984Οleson 2000a JP Oleson Αncient SoundingWeights A Contribution to the History ofMediterranean Navigation JRA 13 (2000) 293-310Oleson 2000b JP Oleson Water-lifting in OumlWikander (ed) Handbook of Ancient Water Tech-nology Leiden 2000 217-302Οleson 2006 JP Oleson Herodotus Aristotleand Sounding Weights The Deep Sea as aFrontier in the Classical world in G Kazazi(ed) Πρακτικά του 2oυ Διεθνούς Συνεδρίου ΑρχαίαςΕλληνικής Τεχνολογίας Athens 2006 32-43Οleson 2008 JP Oleson (ed) The Oxford Hand-book of Engineering and Technology in the ClassicalWorld Oxford 2008

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300

nos Das Athener Nationalmuseum I Athen1903 Berliner Philologische Wochenschrift 27(1907) 467-470Richter 1966 GMA Richter The Furniture of theGreeks Etruscans and Romans London 1966Ridgway 1990 BS Ridgway Hellenistic SculptureI The Styles of ca 331-200 BC Wisconsin 1990Ridgway 1997 BS Ridgway Fourth-Century Stylesin Greek Sculpture London 1997Ridgway 2002 BS Ridgway Hellenistic SculptureIII The Styles of ca 100-31 BC Wisconsin 2002Ridgway 2004 BS Ridgway Second Change GreekSculptural Studies Revisited London 2004Rival 1991 M Rival La charpenterie navale ro-maine Mateacuteriaux Meacutethodes Moyens Paris 1991Rivas 2008 A Aacutelvarez-Ossorio Rivas Los piratascontra Roma Estudio socioeconόmico y cultural de lapirateriacutea cilicia (143-36 aC) Ecija 2008Robinson 1965 HS Robinson The Early RomanPottery from the Antikythera Wreck in Wein-berg et al 1965 28-29Rogl 2003 Chr Rogl Spaumlthellenistische Appli-kenkeramik und Verwandtes aus Ephesos Lo-kale Produktion ndash Einfluumlsse ndash Importe OumlJh 72(2003) 187-206Rolley 1999 C Rolley La sculpture grecque 2 Lapeacuteriode classique Paris 1999Romeri 2008 L Romeri Ateneo e il vasellame diCleopatra (Ateneo Deipn VI 229 c1-d1) Facta2 (2008) 225-230Roszligbach 1914 O Roszligbach Die Faumlrse und dieSaumlger des Myron in Festgabe fuumlr Η BluumlmnerΖuumlrich 1914 86-95Rotroff 1994 S Rotroff Τhe Pottery in Hellen-kemper Salies et al 1994 133-152Rotroff 1997 S Rotroff Hellenistic Pottery Athen-ian and Imported Wheelmade Table Ware and RelatedMaterial Agora XXIX Princeton 1997Rotroff 2000 S Rotroff Α Sullan Deposit at theAthenian Agora in Ε΄ Επιστημονική Συνάντηση γιατην Ελληνιστική Κεραμική Χρονολογικά Προβλή-ματα Κλειστά Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια (Χανιά Απρίλιος1997) Athens 2000 375-380Rotroff 2006 SI Rotroff Hellenistic Pottery ThePlain Wares Agora XΧΧΙII Princeton 2006Rougeacute 1966 J Rougeacute Recherches sur lrsquoorganisation ducommerce maritime sous lrsquoEmpire romain Paris 1966Rougeacute 1984 J Rougeacute Le confort des passagers agravebord des navires antiques Archaeonautica 4(1984) 223-242 Rubensohn 1935 O Rubensohn Parische Kuumlnst-ler JdI 50 (1935) 49-69Saladino 1998 V Saladino Artisti greci e commit-tenti romani in S Settis (ed) Ι Greci StoriaCultura Arte Societagrave 2 Una storia greca III Trans-formazioni (ΙV secolo aC ndash II secolo d C) Torino1998 4-22Saunders 1989 SR Saunders Nonmetric Skele-tal Variation in MY İşcan ndash KAR Kennedy(eds) Reconstruction of Life from the Skeleton NewYork 1989 95-108Scatozza-Houmlricht 1986 LA Scatozza-Houmlricht Ilvolto dei filosofi antichi Napoli 1986Schaumlfer 1968 J Schaumlfer Hellenistische Keramik ausPergamon Berlin 1968Schefold 1997 K Schefold Die Bildnisse der anti-ken Dichter Redner und Denker Basel 1997

Scheibler 1976 I Scheibler Griechische LampenKerameikos XI Βerlin 1976Schraudolph 2007 E Schraudolph Beispiele hel-lenistischer Plastik der Zeit zwischen 190 und160 v Chr in Bol 2007 189-239Schulz 2000 R Schulz Zwischen Kooperationund Konfrontation Die roumlmische Weltreichsbil-dung und die Piraterie Klio 82 (2000) 426-440Segall 1938 B Segall Katalog der Goldschmiede-Ar-beiten Museum Benaki Athen Athen 1938Segall 1965 B Segall Zum Export Alexandrini-scher Toreutik in Ε Homann-Wedeking ndash BSegall (eds) Festschrift Eugene von Mercklin Wal-dassen 1964 163-171Shackleton Bailey 2006 DR Shackleton Bailey(ed) Cicero Letters to Atticus I Loeb Classical Li-brary Cambridge Mass ndash London 2006Sharpe 2006 H-F Sharpe From Hieron and Oikosthe Religious and Secular Use of Hellenistic andGreek Imperial Bronze Statuettes PhD IndianaUniversity 2006Siebert 1973 G Siebert Mobilier deacutelien enbronze BCH Suppl 1 (1973) 555-587Sismanidis 1997 Κ Sismanidis Κλίνες και κλινοει-δείς κατασκευές των Μακεδονικών τάφων Athens1997Siviero 1954 R Siviero Gli οri e le αmbre del MuseoNazionale di Napoli Florence 1954Smith 1991 RRR Smith Hellenistic Sculpture aΗandbook London 1991de Souza 1999 Ph de Souza Piracy in the Graeco-Roman World Cambridge 1999de Spagnolis ndash de Carolis 1983 M de Spagnolis ndashE de Carolis Museo nationale romano I bronziMinistero per i Beni Culturali e Ambientali Soprin-tendenza archeological di Roma IV1 Roma 1983Sparkes 1962 BA Sparkes The Greek KitchenJHS 82 (1962) 121-137Staiumls 1905 V Staiumls Τὰ ἐξ Ἀντικυθήρων εὑρήματα Χρο-νολογία προέλευσις χαλκοῦς ἔφηβος Athens 1905Staiumls 1910 V Staiumls Marbres et bronzes du Museacutee Na-tional Guide illustreacute Athegravenes 1910Stamatis 1970 Ε Stamatis Ἀρχιμήδους Ἅπαντα Ι-IV Athens 1970Stambolidis 2003 Ν Stambolidis (ed) ΠΛΟΕΣΑπό τη Σιδώνα στη Χουέλβα Σχέσεις Λαών της Μεσο-γείου 16ος-6ος αι πΧ Exhibition CatalogueMuseum of Cycladic Art Athens 2003Stambolidis ndash Tassoulas 2009 Ν Stambolidis ndash GTassoulas (eds) ΕΡΩΣ Από τη Θεογονία του Ησιό-δου στην ύστερη αρχαιότητα Exhibition CatalogueMuseum of Cycladic Art Athens 2009Steele 2006 JM Steele The Solarlunar Func-tions of the Antikythera Mechanism in the Con-text of Mesopotamian and Greek Astronomy inDecoding the Antikythera Mechanism Conferencein Athens 30th November ndash 1st December 2006Stefanelli 1990 LPB Stefanelli Il Bronzeo dei Ro-mani aredo eacute suppellettile Roma 1990Steffy 1985 RJ Steffy The Kyrenia Ship An In-terim Report on its Hull Construction AJA 89(1985) 71-101Steffy 1994 JR Steffy Wooden Ship Building andthe Interpretation of Shipwrecks Τexas 1994Steffy 1995 JR Steffy Ancient Scantlings TheProjection and Control of Mediterranean HullShapes Tρόπις 3 (1995) 417- 428

Stern ndash Schlick-Nolte 1994 EM Stern ndash BSchlick-Nolte Early Glass of the Ancient World1600 BC - AD 50 Ernesto Wolf Collection Ost-fildern 1994Strong 1966 D Srong Greek and Roman Gold andSilver Plate London 1966Studniczka 1921a F Studniczka Archaumlologischesaus Griechenland AA 36 (1921) 307-340Studniczka 1921b F Studniczka Ein vermeintli-cher Kriegsheld Marmorstatue von Antikytheraneu gedeutet Winckelmannsfeste des Archaumlologi-schen Seminars der Universitaumlt Leipzig am 17 De-zember 1921 Leipzig 1921Svoronos 1903 ΙN Svoronos Τὸ ἐν ἈθήναιςἘθνικὸν Μουσεῖον Ὁ θησαυρὸς τοῦ ναυαγίου τῶνἈντικυθήρων Athens 1903 Α΄ 1-86Tassinari 1993 S Tassinari Il vasellame bronzeo diPompei Ministero per i Beni Culturali e AmbientaliSoprintendenza archeological di Pompei Cataloghi VRoma 1993Taylor 1965 J du Plat Taylor (ed) Marine Ar-chaeology Developments during Sixty Years in theMediterranean London 1965Tchernia ndash Pomey ndash Hesnard 1978 A Tchernia ndash PPomey ndash A Hesnard Lrsquoeacutepave romaine de la Ma-drague de Giens (Var) (Campagnes 1972-1975)Paris 1978Themelis 1993 P Themelis Ανασκαφή Μεσσή-νης ΠΑΕ 1993 48-72Themelis ndash Touratsoglou 1997 P Themelis ndash ΙTouratsoglou Οι Τάφοι του Δερβενίου Athens 1997Theacuteophanidis 1929 Ι Theacuteophanidis Ἁγίου Παύ-λου (πλοῦς) Ἐπιστήμη τῆς πελαγοδρομίας τῶνἀρχαίων Ἑλλήνων Μεγάλη Στρατιωτική και Ναυ-τική Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Α΄ Athens 1929 83-104Theacuteophanidis 1934a J Theacuteofanidis Sur lrsquoinstru-ment en cuivre dont des fragments se trouventau Museacutee Archeacuteologique drsquoAthegravenes et qui fut re-tireacute du fond de la mer drsquoAnticythegravere en 1902ΠΑΑ 9 (1934) 140-149Theacuteophanidis 1934b J Theacuteofanidis Sur la navi-gation astronomique des anciens Grecs ΠΑΑ 9(1934) 149-153Thomas 1992 R Thomas Griechische Bronzestatu-etten Darmstadt 1992Thomas 2004 K Thomas Italy during theRoman Republic 338-31 BC in HI Flower(ed) The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Re-public Cambridge University 2004Thompson 1934 H Thompson Two Centuriesof Hellenistic Pottery Hesperia 3 (1934) 311-480Throckmorton 1964 P Throckmorton RomanShipwrecks and Modern Aegean ShipsMarinerrsquos Mirror 50 (1964) 205-216Throckmorton 1965 P Throckmorton The An-tikythera Ship in Weinberg et al 1965 40-46Throckmorton 1970 P Throckmorton Shipwrecksand Archaeology The Unharvested Sea London 1970Todisco 1993 L Todisco Scultura greca del IV se-colo Maestri e scuole di statuaria tra classicitagrave ed el-lenismo Milano 1993Toll 1946 NP Toll The Excavations at Dura-Eu-ropos Ninth Season 1935-1936 Part II Londonndash Oxford 1946Toumllle-Kastenbein 1980 R Toumllle-Kastenbein Fruumlh-klassische Peplosfiguren Originale Mainz amRhein 1980

BIBLIOGRAPHY

301

Toniato 1982 A Guidi Toniato BeschreibendeUntersuchung der Pferde von San Marco inDie Pferde von San Marco Exhibition CatalogueBerlin Martin-Gropius-Bau 83 ndash 2541982Berlin 1982 83-93Toomer 1998 GJ Toomer (transl) Ptolemyrsquos Al-magest Princeton 1998Trego 2004 KM Trego Life on Board A Compar-ative Study of the Shipboard Items from Four Classicalto Early Hellenistic Merchantmen Master Univer-sity of Cincinnati 2004Triantafyllidis 2000 P Triantafyllidis Ροδιακή Υα-λουργία Ι Τα εν θερμώ διαμορφωμένα διαφανή αγγείαπολυτελείας Οι κλασικοί και οι πρώιμοι ελληνιστικοίχρόνοι Athens 2000Trotter 1970 Μ Trotter Estimation of Staturefrom Intact Long Bones in TD Stewart (ed)Personal Identification in Mass Disasters Washing-ton DC 1970 71-83Tsakos 1994 Κ Tsakos Πήλινες μήτρες laquoμεγα-ρικών σκύφωνraquo από τη Σάμο in Γ΄ Συνάντηση γιατην Ελληνιστική Κεραμική Χρονολογημένα Σύνολα -Εργαστήρια (Θεσσαλονίκη 24-27 Σεπτεμβρίου 1991)Athens 1994 294-301Tsangari 2011 D Tsangari (ed) Μύθος και Νόμι-σμα Παραστάσεις Συμβολισμοί και Ερμηνείες απότην Ελληνική Μυθολογία Exhibition CatalogueNational Archaeological Museum ndash NumismaticMuseum 154 ndash 27112011 Athens 2011Tsoumis 1992 G Tsoumis Επιστήμη και Τεχνολο-γία του Ξύλου Thessaloniki 1992Tyrell ndash Chamberlain 1988 AJ Tyrell ndash ATChamberlain Non-metric Trait Evidence forModern Human Affinities and the Distinctive-ness of Neanderthals Journal of Human Evolution34 (1988) 549-554Tzachou-Alexandri 1989 Ο Tzachou-Alexandri(ed) Το Πνεύμα και το Σώμα Οι αθλητικοί αγώνεςστην αρχαία Ελλάδα Exhibition Catalogue Na-tional Archaeological Museum 1551989 ndash1511990 Athens 1989Tzachou-Alexandri ndash Andreopoulou-Mangou 2000O Tzachou-Alexandri ndash H Andreopoulou-Mangou Some Remarks on the Bronze God ofArtemision in CC Mattusch ndash A Brauer ndash SEKnudsen (eds) From the Parts to the Whole Vol 1Αcta of the 13th International Bronze Congress Heldat Cambridge Mass 285 ndash 161996 PortsmouthRhode Island 2000 86-95Ubelaker 1989 DH Ubelaker Human Skeletal Re-mains Washington 1989Vanderpool ndash McCredie ndash Steinberg 1962 E Van-derpool ndash JR McCredie ndash A Steinberg KoroniA Ptolemaic Camp on the East Coast of AtticaHesperia 31 (1962) 26-61Veleni ndash Georgaki ndash Zographou 2004 P Adam-Ve-leni ndash P Georgaki ndash I Zographou Σκύφοι καιπινάκια από την αρχαία Αγορά της Θεσσαλονί-κης in ΣΤ΄ Επιστημονική Συνάντηση για την Ελλη-νιστική Κεραμική Προβλήματα Χρονολόγησης Κλει-στά Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια (Βόλος 17-23 Απριλίου2000) Athens 2004 185-192Vernier 1907 ME Vernier Catalogue Geacuteneacuterale desAntiquiteacutes Egyptiennes du Museacutee du Caire Bijoux etOrfegravevreries Caire 1907Vierneisel-Schloumlrb 1979 B Vierneisel-SchloumlrbGlyptothek Muumlnchen Katalog der Skulpturen IIKlassische Skulpturen des 5 und 4 Jahrhunderts vChr Muumlnchen 1979Villing 2009 A Villing The Daily Grind of An-

cient Greece Mortars and Mortaria betweenSymbol and Reality in A Tsingarida (ed)Shapes and Uses of Greek Vases (7th-4th CenturiesBC) Proceedings of the Symposium Held at the Uni-versiteacute Libre de Bruxelles 27 ndash 2942006 Bruxelles2009 319-333 Villing ndash Pemberton 2010 A Villing ndash EG Pem-berton Mortaria from Ancient Corinth Formand Function Hesperia 79 (2010) 555-638Voegtli 1990 H Voegtli Zwei Muumlnzfunde ausPergamon SchwNumRu 69 (1990) 41-50Vogeikoff-Brogan 2000 N Vogeikoff-Brogan LateHellenistic Pottery in Athens A New Deposit andFurther Thoughts on the Association of Potteryand Societal Change Hesperia 69 (2000) 293-333Vorster 1998 Chr Vorster Die Skulpturen von Fia-nello Sabino Zum Beginn der Skulpturenausstattungin roumlmischen Villen Wiesbaden 1998Vorster 2007 Chr Vorster Die Plastik des spaumltenHellenismus ndash Portraumlts und rundplastischeGruppen in Bol 2007 273-331Walker et al 2009 PLWalker ndash RR Bathurst ndashR Richman ndash Τ Gjerdrum ndash VA AndrushkoThe Causes of Porotic Hyperostosis and CribraOrbitalia a Reappraisal of the Iron-Deficiency-Anemia Hypothesis American Journal of PhysicalAnthropology 139 (2009) 109-125Wallace-Hadrill 1988 A Wallace-Hadrill The So-cial Structure of the Roman House BSR 43(1988) 43-97Walter-Karydi 2006 E Walter-Karydi A VictorStatue for Dolly in N Stambolidis (ed) Γενέ-θλιον Αναμνηστικός τόμος για την συμπλήρωση των εί-κοσι χρόνων του Μουσείου Κυκλαδικής ΤέχνηςAthens 2006 137-146Webb 1996 PA Webb Hellenistic ArchitecturalSculpture Figural Motifs in Western Anatolia andthe Aegean Islands Madison 1996Weinberg 1965 GD Weinberg The Glass Vesselsfrom the Antikythera Wreck in Weinberg et al1965 30-39Weinberg et al 1965 GD Weinberg ndash VR Gracendash GR Edwards ndash HS Robinson ndash P Throck-morton ndash EK Ralph The Antikythera Ship-wreck Reconsidered TransactAmPhilosSoc 553(1965) 3-48Weinberg 1992 GD Weinberg ndash MC McClellanGlass Vessels in Ancient Greece Their History Illus-trated from the Collection of the National Archaeolog-ical Museum Athens Athens 1992Weinberg ndash Stern 2009 GD Weinberg ndash EMStern Vessel Glass Agora XXXIV Princeton 2009Weis 2000 A Weis Οdysseus at Sperlonga Hel-lenistic Hero or Roman Heroic Foil in NT deGrummond ndash BS Ridgway (eds) From Perga-mon to Sperlonga Sculpture and Context Berkeleyndash Los Angeles ndash London 2000 111-165Westholm 1956 A Westholm The Hellenisticand Roman Periods in Cyprus SCE IV3 Stock-holm 1956White ndash Folkens 2000 TD White ndash PA FolkensHuman Osteology2 San Diego 2000Whitewright 2011 J Whitewright The PotentialPerformance of Ancient Mediterranean SailingRigs IntJNautA 40 (2011) 2-17Wiegand ndash Schrader 1904 T Wiegand ndash H Schra-der Priene Berlin 1904Wikander 2008 Ouml Wikander Gadgets and Scien-tific Instruments in Oleson 2008 785-799Wilkins et al 1996 SW Wilkins ndash TE Gureyev ndash

D Gao ndash A Pogany ndash AW Stevenson Phase-con-trast Imaging Using Polychromatic Hard X-raysNature 384 (111996) 335-338Willer 1994 Fr Willer Fragen zur intentionellenSchwarzpatina an den Mahdiabronzen in Hel-lenkemper Salies et al 1994 1023-1031Wilson 2008 AI Wilson Machines in Greek andRoman Technology in Oleson 2008 337-366Wilson 2009 AI Wilson Approaches to Quanti-fying Roman Trade in A Bowman ndash A Wilson(eds) Quantifying the Roman Economy Methods andProblems Oxford 2009 213-249Wolters 1983 J Wolters Die Granulation Ge-schichte und Technik einer alten GoldschmiedekunstMuumlnchen 1983Wright 1990 MΤ Wright An Apparatus for LinearTomography of the Antikythera Mechanism Workingnotes Science Museum London 1990Wright 2002 MΤ Wright A Planetarium Displayfor the Antikythera Mechanism Horological Jour-nal 1445 (2002) 168-173 and 1446 (2002) 193Wright 2003a MΤ Wright Epicyclic Gearingand the Antikythera Mechanism Part 1 Anti-quarian Horology 273 (2003) 267-279Wright 2003b MΤ Wright In the Steps of theMaster Mechanic in Ancient Greece and the Mod-ern World Proceedings of a Conference in AncientOlympia 2002 University of Patras 2003 86-97Wright 2004a MΤ Wright The Scholar TheMechanic and the Antikythera MechanismComplementary Approaches to the Study of anInstrument Bulletin of the Scientific Instrument So-ciety 80 (2004) 4-11Wright 2004b MΤ Wright The AntikytheraMechanism Seminars in the History of Scienceand Technology Science Museum and ImperialCollege December 2004Wright 2005a MΤ Wright The AntikytheraMechanism a New Gearing Scheme Bulletin ofthe Scientific Instrument Society 85 (2005) 2-7Wright 2005b MΤ Wright Ο Μηχανισμός τωνΑντικυθήρων Η κατασκευή οργάνων στην αρ-χαιότητα Αρχαιολογία και Τέχνες 95 (2005) 54-60Wright 2005c MT Wright Epicyclic Gearingand the Antikythera Mechanism Part 2 Anti-quarian Horology 292 (2005) 51-63Wright 2005d ΜΤ Wright Counting Monthsand Years The Upper Back Dial of the An-tikythera Mechanism Bulletin of the Scientific In-strument Society 87 (2005) 8-13Wright 2005e MT Wright Understanding theAntikythera Mechanism Proceedings of the 2ndInternational Conference on Ancient Greek Technol-ogy Athens 2005 49ndash60Wright 2006 MT Wright The Antikythera Mech-anism and the Early History of the Moon-PhaseDisplay Horological Journal 293 (2006) 319-329Wright 2007 MΤ Wright The AntikytheraMechanism Reconsidered Interdisciplinary Sci-ence Reviews 321 (2007) 27-43Wright 2011 MT Wright The AntikytheraMechanism Reconstruction as a Medium forResearch and Publication in Κ Staubermann(ed) Reconstructions National Museums Scot-land 2011 1ndash20Wright ndash Bromley 1997 M Wright ndash AG Brom-ley Current Work on the Antikythera Mecha-nism Proceedings of the Conference on Ancient GreekTechnology Thessaloniki 1997 19ndash25Wright ndash Bromley 2003 MT Wright ndash AG Brom-


302

ley Towards a New Reconstruction of the An-tikythera Mechanism in SA Paipetis (ed) Ex-traordinary Machines and Structures in AntiquityProceedings of a Conference of Archaeometry in SouthEastern Europe in Ancient Olympia 2001 Univer-sity of Patras 2003 81-94Wright et al 1995 MT Wright ndash AG Bromley ndash HMagou Simple X-Ray Tomography and the An-tikythera Mechanism Proceedings of the Second Con-ference of Archaeometry in South Eastern Europe in Del-phi 19-21 April 1991 PACT 45 (1995) 531-543Yalouris 1973-1974 Ν Yalouris Eθνικό Αρχαι-ολογικό Μουσείο ΑΔ 29 (1973-1974) Β΄1-Χρο-νικά 1-9Yalouris 1975 Ν Yalouris Εθνικό ΑρχαιολογικόΜουσείο ΑΔ 30 (1975) Β΄1-Χρονικά 1-3Yalouris 1990 N Yalouris The Shipwreck of An-tikythera New Evidence of its Date after Sup-plementary Investigation in J-P Descoeudres(ed) Eumousia Ceramic and Iconographic Studiesin Honour of Alexander Cambitoglou Sydney 1990135-136Yntema 1995 D Yntema Salento and the East-ern Mediterranean in the Middle and Late Hel-lenistic Period Some Eastern Ceramic Evidence(Fine Wares) from Valesio Province of BrindisiStAnt 82 (1995) 387-404Zafeiropoulou 2006 M Zafeiropoulou Ο Μηχα-νισμός των Αντικυθήρων in G Kazazi (ed)Πρακτικά του 2ου Διεθνούς Συνεδρίου Αρχαίας Ελλη-νικής Τεχνολογίας Athens 2006 829-832

Zafeiropoulou ndash Chatzidakis 1994a Ph Zafei -ropoulou ndash P Chatzidakis Αγορά των Ιταλώνκόγχη Ποπλίου Σατρικανίου in Ελληνιστική Κε-ραμική από το Αιγαίο Mytilene 1994 28-45Zafeiropoulou ndash Chatzidakis 1994b Ph Zafei -ropoulou ndash P Chatzidakis Δήλος- Κεραμικήαπό τον δρόμο βόρεια του ανδήρου των λεόν-των in Γ΄ Συνάντηση για την Ελληνιστική ΚεραμικήΧρονολογημένα Σύνολα - Εργαστήρια (Θεσσαλονίκη24-27 Σεπτεμβρίου 1991) Athens 1994 235-248 Zafeiropoulou ndash Mitropoulos 2009M Zafeiropoulou ndash P Mitropoulos The An-tikythera Shipwreck the Treasure and the Frag-ments of the Mechanism in IUHPSDHST Bookof Abstracts XXIII International Congress of Historyof Science and Technology Ideas and Instruments inSocial Context 287 - 28 2009 Budapest HungaryBudapest 2009 221Zanker 1974P Zanker Klassizistische Statuen Studien zur Ver-aumlnderung des Kunstgeschmacks in der roumlmischen Kai-serzeit Mainz am Rhein 1974Zevi 1966F Zevi Review of the ldquoAntikythera ShipwreckReconsideredrdquo ArchCl 18 (1966) 163-170Zimmer 1994G Zimmer Republikanisches Kunstverstaumlnd-nis Cicero gegen Verres in Hellenkemper Sa-lies et al 1994 867-873Zinner 1931Ε Zinner Geschichte der Sternkunde Berlin 1931

BIBLIOGRAPHY

303

Photographic CreditsPHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVES

NATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVE p 25 (Fig 5) bull p 236 (Fig 16) bull p237 (Figs 17 18) [photos Irini Miari] bull p 238 (Figs 21 22) bull p 286 [photo Stefanos Stournaras]ΝUMISMATIC MUSEUM PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVE p 274 (Figs 1 2) [photo Pantelis Magoulas]HISTORICAL ARCHIVE OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICE Directorate of the National Archive of Mon-uments Copyright copy ΥPPOT ndash DEAM p 19 (Figs 1 2) bull p 21 (Figs 3 4) bull p 27 (Fig 6)EPHORATE OF UNDERWATER ANTIQUITIESrsquo PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVE pp 41-42 (entries 1-3) [photosPetros Vezyrtzis]VICE ADMIRAL IOANNIS THEOPHANIDISrsquo PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVE p 231 (photo Nellys)CHARALAMBOS KRITZASrsquo PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVE p 33 (Figs 1 2)ΤΟΝY FREETHrsquoS PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVE p 258 (Figs 1 2)PHOTO YANNIS SEIRADAKIS p 270 (Fig 9)PHOTO MICHAEL WRIGHT p 271 (Figs 10 11)ldquoTHE ANTIKYTHERA ΜECHANISM RESEARCH PROJECTrdquo PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVE p 242 (Fig 1) bull p243 (Fig 3) bull p 259 (Fig 3) bull p 261 (Fig 4) bull p 263 (Figs 5 6) bull p 269 (Fig 8) KAPON EDITIONSrsquo PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVE p 35 (background)UNDERWATER PHOTOS OF SHIPWRECKS p 1 bull p 12 bull p 17 bull p 61 [photos Vassilis Μentogiannis

with the permission of archaeologist Kalliopi Preka]

BOOKS ndash CATALOGUES

Ancient Greek Technology Exhibition Catalogue Cryptoporticus Ancient Agora of Thessaloniki218 ndash 2291997 Thessaloniki 1997 p 237 (Figs 19 20)PΙ Chatzidakis Δήλος Αθήνα 2003 p 5 bull p 35 bull p 273F Foerster Laures The Problem of the Bilge and the Pump in Antiquity Tρόπις 1 (1985) p 44(entry 6)PA Gianfrotta ndash P Pomey Archeologia subacquea Storia techniche scoperte e relitti Milano1980 p 283 (Fig 5)D Gibbins Shipwrecks and Hellenistic Trade in ZH Archibald minus J Davies minus V Gabrielsen minus GJOliver (eds) Hellenistic Economies London ndash New York 2001 p 284 (Fig 6)T Freeth ndash Υ Bitsakis ndash Χ Moussas ndash JH Seiradakis ndash Α Tselikas ndash Η Mangou ndash Μ Zafeiropouloundash R Hadland ndash D Bate ndash Α Ramsey ndash Μ Allen ndash Α Crawley ndash Ρ Hockley ndash Τ Malzbender ndash DGelb ndash W Ambrisco ndash MG Edmunds Decoding the Ancient Greek Astronomical Calculator knownas the Antikythera Mechanism Nature 444 (112006) p 240 (Fig 23)P 267 (Fig 7) reproduced with the permission of the Journal for the History of Astronomy The X-

ray in the background from the ldquoAntikythera Mechanism Research Projectrdquo

1 front pages from english cataloguepdf

Acr82D7tmp

2 bibliography from english cataloguepdf

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Sponsor

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ISBN 978-960-386-031-0

1313PRODUCTION







NiKolaos Kaltsas


eleNa VlachogiaNNi


PolYXeNi BouYia




MiKe eDMuNDs


YaNNis BitsaKis


theoDosios tassios


exhibition

work Group



conserVAtors


scuLptors



ino Karella



3d FiLM


LiGHts



Manos lignos




constructions


tecHnicAL support









MuseoGrApHic desiGn


catalogue

editors


essAYs



entries


BiBLioGrApHY

elena Vlachogianni

trAnsLAtion


editors


editinG

Doniert evely


Kalliopi spyrou

pHotoGrApHs

Kostas Xenikakis

drAwinGs

Yannis Nakas

Artistic desiGn


Artistic AdVice

Moses Kapon

dtp




printinG


BindinG

stratis Bros




























14

17

18

32

35

36

50

57

61

62

116

132

146

152

152

164

169

182

186

196

208

216

227

228

232

241

249

256

273

274

286

287

293

303

Contents







208




Transport Amphorae







THE CARGO

209










210






THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp













ISBN 978-960-386-031-0

1313PRODUCTION







NiKolaos Kaltsas


eleNa VlachogiaNNi


PolYXeNi BouYia




MiKe eDMuNDs


YaNNis BitsaKis


theoDosios tassios


exhibition

work Group



conserVAtors


scuLptors



ino Karella



3d FiLM


LiGHts



Manos lignos




constructions


tecHnicAL support









MuseoGrApHic desiGn


catalogue

editors


essAYs



entries


BiBLioGrApHY

elena Vlachogianni

trAnsLAtion


editors


editinG

Doniert evely


Kalliopi spyrou

pHotoGrApHs

Kostas Xenikakis

drAwinGs

Yannis Nakas

Artistic desiGn


Artistic AdVice

Moses Kapon

dtp




printinG


BindinG

stratis Bros




























14

17

18

32

35

36

50

57

61

62

116

132

146

152

152

164

169

182

186

196

208

216

227

228

232

241

249

256

273

274

286

287

293

303

Contents







208




Transport Amphorae







THE CARGO

209










210






THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp








NiKolaos Kaltsas


eleNa VlachogiaNNi


PolYXeNi BouYia




MiKe eDMuNDs


YaNNis BitsaKis


theoDosios tassios


exhibition

work Group



conserVAtors


scuLptors



ino Karella



3d FiLM


LiGHts



Manos lignos




constructions


tecHnicAL support









MuseoGrApHic desiGn


catalogue

editors


essAYs



entries


BiBLioGrApHY

elena Vlachogianni

trAnsLAtion


editors


editinG

Doniert evely


Kalliopi spyrou

pHotoGrApHs

Kostas Xenikakis

drAwinGs

Yannis Nakas

Artistic desiGn


Artistic AdVice

Moses Kapon

dtp




printinG


BindinG

stratis Bros




























14

17

18

32

35

36

50

57

61

62

116

132

146

152

152

164

169

182

186

196

208

216

227

228

232

241

249

256

273

274

286

287

293

303

Contents







208




Transport Amphorae







THE CARGO

209










210






THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp


exhibition

work Group



conserVAtors


scuLptors



ino Karella



3d FiLM


LiGHts



Manos lignos




constructions


tecHnicAL support









MuseoGrApHic desiGn


catalogue

editors


essAYs



entries


BiBLioGrApHY

elena Vlachogianni

trAnsLAtion


editors


editinG

Doniert evely


Kalliopi spyrou

pHotoGrApHs

Kostas Xenikakis

drAwinGs

Yannis Nakas

Artistic desiGn


Artistic AdVice

Moses Kapon

dtp




printinG


BindinG

stratis Bros




























14

17

18

32

35

36

50

57

61

62

116

132

146

152

152

164

169

182

186

196

208

216

227

228

232

241

249

256

273

274

286

287

293

303

Contents







208




Transport Amphorae







THE CARGO

209










210






THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp


catalogue

editors


essAYs



entries


BiBLioGrApHY

elena Vlachogianni

trAnsLAtion


editors


editinG

Doniert evely


Kalliopi spyrou

pHotoGrApHs

Kostas Xenikakis

drAwinGs

Yannis Nakas

Artistic desiGn


Artistic AdVice

Moses Kapon

dtp




printinG


BindinG

stratis Bros




























14

17

18

32

35

36

50

57

61

62

116

132

146

152

152

164

169

182

186

196

208

216

227

228

232

241

249

256

273

274

286

287

293

303

Contents







208




Transport Amphorae







THE CARGO

209










210






THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp





























14

17

18

32

35

36

50

57

61

62

116

132

146

152

152

164

169

182

186

196

208

216

227

228

232

241

249

256

273

274

286

287

293

303

Contents







208




Transport Amphorae







THE CARGO

209










210






THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp








208




Transport Amphorae







THE CARGO

209










210






THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp







THE CARGO

209










210






THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp






210






THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp




THE CARGO

211





212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp




212

NOTES



THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp


THE CARGO

213


Clay

H 078 m







DK


Clay

H 079 m




amphora from Rhodes




DK


Clay

H 052 m




Kos


DK

283 284 285


Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp



Clay

H 085 m







DK


214


Clay

H 029m







DK


Clay

H 018 m





(Ephesos)






DK


Clay

H 0195 m





(Ephesos)






DK

286

287

288

288

289


Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp



Clay

L 013 m




amphora handle


ΥΑΚΙΝΘΙΟΥ


DK

THE CARGO

215


Clay

H 080 m




Rhodes


stamps very worn


DK


Clay

H 029 m






DK

291

292

291

293290


Clay

H 017 m





(Ephesos)






DK

BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp


BIBLIOGRAPHY

293









OTHER ABBREVIATIONS


Abbreviations


Bibliography






294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp





294





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp





BIBLIOGRAPHY

295





296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp






296




BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp





BIBLIOGRAPHY

297





298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp






298




BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp





BIBLIOGRAPHY

299





300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp






300




BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp





BIBLIOGRAPHY

301





302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp






302



BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp




BIBLIOGRAPHY

303








Acr82D7tmp


Transport Amphorae* (from The Antikythera shipwreck)

Documents

Transcript of Transport Amphorae* (from The Antikythera shipwreck)