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THE VIOLATION OF COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLES IN 22 MINUTES WITH
BILLIE JOE ARMSTRONG INTERVIEW ON CBS NEW YORK
An Undergraduate Thesis
Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty
In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Strata One
RAISHA FATIMUZAHRA
11140260000050
ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT
ADAB AND HUMANITIES FACULTY
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH
JAKARTA
2019
i
ABSTRACT
Raisha Fatimuzahra. The Violation of Cooperative Principles in 22 Minutes with
Billie Joe Armstrong Interview on CBS New York. Thesis. Jakarta: English Language
and Literature Department, Letter and Humanities Faculty, State Islamic University
Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2019.
This research aims to analyze the types of violations of the cooperative principles in
the transcript of 22 Minutes with Billie Joe Armstrong Interview on CBS New York,
using Paul Grice’ pragmatics theory. The purpose of this study is to explain the true
meaning in the utterances and to understand the speech that are uttered by the
participants. The writer uses qualitative analysis method in conducting the research.
The result of the research shows the violations that are classified into four maxims by
the participants in their utterances, which are 57% of maxim quantity, 10% of maxim
quality, 20% of maxim relevance, and 13% of maxim manner.
Keywords: Cooperative Principles, Transcript, The violation.
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, The Most Gracious and The Most Merciful, The Lord of
Universe, who has given the writer knowledge and strength in the process to finish this
thesis. May blessing, peace, and salutation always be given to our prophet Muhammad
SAW who has guided us from the darkness to the lightness.
However, this success would not be achieved without the endless support and
encouragements from the writer’s dearest family; her great Dad, Muhammad Ikhsan,
her beloved Mom, Irna Komariyah, and her two sisters, Nida Fadhilah and Diyana
Fajriyah, so that the writer was able to find power during the process in completing this
thesis.
Moreover, the writer also would like to express her deepest gratitude for several
people for their great contribution and help for completing this thesis. They are:
1. Prof. Dr. Sukron Kamil, M.A., the Dean of Adab and Humanities Faculty.
2. Drs. Saefudin, M.Pd. as the Head of English Letters Departmen.
3. Mrs. Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum. as the Secretary of English Letters Department.
4. Mrs. Sholikatus Sa’diyah, M.Pd., as the writer’s advisor who has educated,
supported, directed and given the writer advices, suggestions, and
recommendations for this thesis from beginning until the end.
5. All of the lecturers in English Letters Department, for their valuable knowledge
during her study at State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
vi
6. All of the librarian staffs of Adab and Humanities Faculty and UIN Syarif
Hidayatullah Jakarta.
7. The writer’s dearest friends Vivi Lay Rose, and Zulfa Nurafifah for being the
writer’s great friend that always motivates her to finish her study.
8. All members of Gasss Terusss spesifically Abuniza Arramiz, Adnan Mizfari, Boby
Mahesa, Farhan Tammam, Rakan Aji Wiratama, Tubagus Ahmad Nabiel, and
Widada Rahman.
9. Annisa Nurul Jannah, Masayu Fitria, and Ratna Oetami Putri for always give
helpful suggestion to the writer to finish her study.
10. My best friend since junior high school Irena Alvira, Kurnia Dwi Sulistyorini,
Metty Marindah, and Suciati Cipta Sejati
11. Adnan Djaffar, Putri Cahya Arimbi, Rahmat Fernandes, Reza Zamzami, Sarah
Syafitri, Syarah Annisa Hidayah, and Veriska Widya for always convincing the
writer to finish this undergraduate thesis and being her greatest strength during the
tough times.
12. Villarian Burhan. Thank you for always remind me not to complain about
everything and thanks for giving strength in overcoming my shortcomings.
13. The writer’s classmates in both C and Linguistics Class.
14. Other beloved friends and relatives that cannot be mentioned one by one in this
research.
vii
The writer acknowledges that this research is still far from perfect, thus,
criticism and suggestions are always welcomed for the improvement of this thesis.
Jakarta, January 10th 2019
Raisha Fatimuzahra
viii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. The Data ........................................................................................................ 18
Table 2. The Result of Violation a Maxim Cooperative Principles ............................ 41
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................i
APPROVAL SHEET ..................................................................................................ii
LEGALIZATION ......................................................................................................iii
DECLARATION .......................................................................................................iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..........................................................................................v
LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................ix
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................................1
A. Background of the Study …............................................................................ 1
B. Focus of the Study …....................................................................................... 3
C. Research Question …...................................................................................... 3
D. Significance of the Study …............................................................................ 3
E. Research Methodology ................................................................................... 4
1. The Objectives of the Research ............................................................... 4
2. The Method of the Research …................................................................ 4
3. The Instrument of the Research …………………….............................. 4
4. The Unit of Analysis ................................................................................. 5
5. The Technique of Data Analysis .............................................................. 5
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ……………………………….. 6
A. Previous Research ………………………...……………………………...… 6
x
B. Transcript ..................................................................................................... 10
C. Pragmatics ..................................................................................................... 10
D. Cooperative Principles ................................................................................. 11
1. Maxim of Quantity ................................................................................. 12
2. Maxim of Quality .................................................................................... 12
3. Maxim of Relevance …………………………………………………... 13
4. Maxim of Manner ................................................................................... 13
E. Violating Maxim ........................................................................................... 14
1. Violating Maxim of Quantity ................................................................. 14
2. Violating Maxim of Quality ................................................................... 15
3. Violating Maxim of Relevance ………………………………………... 16
4. Violating Maxim of Manner .................................................................. 17
CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDINGS ................................................................ 18
A. Data Description ........................................................................................... 18
B. Data Analysis ................................................................................................ 21
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION …………...……………… 42
A. Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 42
B. Suggestion ..................................................................................................... 42
WORKS CITED ....................................................................................................... 44
APPENDICES .......................................................................................................... 46
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
Communication is a process of sending and receiving message or
information between two individuals or more effectively. It is a way to make others
accept the ideas and drive others to do something by constructing the perception
according to the desire. The speaker will try to make the speech always relevant
with the context, clear and easy to understand, tight and brief, and always on the
issue so it does not waste the time. The speaker usually considers carefully the
various factors that are involved in a process of communication in order for the
speech to be accepted by the interlocutor.
Through communication, the message that will be conveyed can be
understood. Therefore, communication will be effective only if the message can be
interpreted equally each other. So, if irrelevancy happens, the concerned
communicant does not cooperate and imply the misunderstanding or inaccuracy.
The erroneous of speech is discussed in one of the derivatives of Pragmatic
Study, the cooperative principles. Its role is covering and regulating a conversation
to make the process of communication runs smoothly, also as a guideline for using
language efficiently and effectively to reach cooperation.
There are four guidelines of maxim in cooperative principles that underlie
the use of language, namely maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of
relation, and maxim of manner. When a maxim is violated, then the utterances may
2
be interpreted more or less than what it is said, like the example in the conversation
transcript below:
Quinn : “Maybe what I should say should be more specific. Your first really
starring role in a feature film called ‘Ordinary World’, I got to see
last night. Um... how did you come to be doing that project?”
Billie Joe : “Um... with the writer-director Lee Kirk, he... um... he approached
me with a script and I really I read it overnight and I really liked it
immediately so um... yeah we just sort of worked on it a little bit
together and um... yeah I really just, I fell in love with the character
that was great.”
Brigitte Quinn as the interviewer is interest in the process that Billie Joe
involved and how he has a role in the movie. Billie Joe gives too long respond
which violates the maxim of quantity. He contributes too informally that can be
cause an additional meaning in his words.
Therefore, what makes the writer interest to analyze the interview as an
object of research is the uniqueness of the interviewee who is a punk rocker
musician in the band called Green Day that plays his debut acting role in the movie.
It is a rare subject to be analyzed in academic writing because the implicature
researchers are found in common corpus such as movies, songs, or poets.
The reason the writer chooses the transcript of 22 Minutes with Billie Joe
Armstrong interview on CBS New York which uploaded on YouTube channel on
October 12, 2016 as a subject because the lack of understanding of communicate in
the right way for average people. They think that the knowledge in interacting is
needed only to speak formally, while there are rules and ethics that must be
implemented even in informal conversation that frequently used by people.
3
Therefore, this research is expected to be able to solve the communication problems
and to develop the knowledge of interaction for people.
B. Focus of the Study
To clarify the target that will be achieved from this research, the writer gives
a limit to the problem which will analyzed and focus on the violations of the four
maxims of cooperative principles: maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of
relevance, and maxim of manner, based on the transcript of the interview between
the interviewee Billie Joe Armstrong and the interviewer Brigitte Quinn on the CBS
New York which is uploaded on October 12, 2016 in YouTube channel.
C. Research Question
Based on the focus of research above, the questions of the study in the
transcript of 22 Minutes with Billie Joe Armstrong on CBS New York which is
uploaded on the YouTube channel on October 12, 2016 are:
1. What types of violations are found in the transcript of 22 Minutes with
Billie Joe Armstrong on CBS New York which is uploaded on the YouTube
channel on October 12, 2016 ?
2. Why did Billie Joe Armstrong and Brigitte Quinn violate the maxims of
cooperative principles?
D. Significance of the Study
After doing this research, the writer hopes that this research is useful to
increase the understanding the violation of the cooperative principles on a text,
4
especially to conceiving in the utterances of one's speech. It can also be used to
increase the language learning material, to adding linguistic knowledge and enrich
the references and the information to be used in related research that will be done.
E. Research Methodology
1. The Objectives of the Research
The purpose of this research in the transcript of 22 Minutes with
Billie Joe Armstrong on CBS New York which is uploaded on YouTube
channel on October 12, 2016 is as follows:
a. To analyze the types of cooperative principles maxims that violated by
participants.
b. To analyze how the violation happened between Billie Joe Armstrong
and Brigitte Quinn.
2. The Method of the Research
In this research, the writer applies the descriptive qualitative method
that is describing the object based on the reality visible fact and used to get
an information about the current status of a phenomenon to describe "what
is" about variables or conditions in the next situation. Qualitative research
is the research which is the object of research is not obtained from statistics.
3. The Instrument of the Research
In this qualitative research, the writer uses herself as the main
instrument to obtain required data variously, like transcribing, categorizing,
and analyzing the dialogue. Then, the data is analyzed by using the
5
pragmatic approach which is proposed by Paul Grice and supported by other
relevant theories.
4. The Unit of Analysis
The unit of analysis at this research is the violations in the transcript
of the interview between Billie Joe Armstrong as an interviewee and Brigitte
Quinn as an interviewer on the 22 Minutes with Billie Joe Armstrong on
CBS New York which is uploaded on youtube channel on October 12, 2016,
based on Grice’ cooperative principles theory.
5. The Technique of Data Analysis
In analyzing data, the writer uses descriptive analysis technique.
It has a standard of reality that shown by participants of communication.
The writer analyzes the data by using the following steps:
a. Watching and then transcribing of 22 Minutes with Billie Joe
Armstrong interview.
b. Reading the transcript and categorizing data according to four
maxims of Grice's theory.
c. Explaining and analyzing data that violates the four maxims of
Grice's theory.
d. Finding how the violation happen.
e. Making a conclusion and giving a suggestion from the benefit of the
research.
6
CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Previous Research
The previous researches are needed to extend the knowledge of the
problems to be researched and to find the differences in this research with other
research. One of similar research which related to this research is a journal written
by Arezou Sobhani and Ali Saghebi entitled The Violation of Cooperative
Principles and Four Maxims in Iranian Psychological Consultation published on
November 2, 2013. This essay aims to investigate the new ways to understand the
non-cooperative attitude of the speakers and the violation of the cooperative
principle in the real Iran psychological consultation session. The data analyzed
consisted of recording conversations between male psychotherapists and their
patients during therapy sessions. After analyzing their language through
conversational implications that violate the cooperative principles, it can be
concluded that the recognition of conversational implicature is very important to
understand the non-cooperative attitude of the speaker, because it turns out that the
message that people want to convey is not fully contained in the words they use,
but also depends on how listeners interpret the message by considering the context
and meaning involved.
The second research is a journal written by Xianjun Tan, Chunyang Wang,
and Liu Peng entitled Application of Cooperative Principle in College English
Listening Comprehension published on July 30, 2013. This essay discussed the
success of students in China using the cooperative principle in understanding and
7
listening to English in college because they have to find out the explicit and implicit
intentions of the speakers. In teaching and learning English in China, the students
that majoring non-English do not study pragmatic theory systematically and only
do a lot of practice. Therefore, the use of pragmatics consciously can improve the
development of teaching and learning English in China, so that the students know
explicit intentions based on the form and meaning of language, and find out implicit
intentions based on different contexts.
Next, previous research is a journal entitled Analysis of Flouting and
Violating Towards Maxim of Quality in My Sister’s Keeper Novel written by Ester
Noertjahjo, M. Bahri Arifin, and Setya Arifin published on July 2017. The aim of
this study is to find the expressions of flouting and violating the maxim of quality
in My Sister's Keeper novels through the utterances of the main characters, and also
to find the purpose of using them. This analysis includes qualitative descriptive
methods, and used the My Sister's Keeper novel as a data source. The data comes
from the utterances of the main characters that contain elements of flouting and
violating the maxim of quality. From the findings of this analysis, the elements of
flouting and violating are found in the utterances of the main characters through
five strategies. They are hyperbolic strategies, metaphorical strategies, irony
strategies, banter strategies, and lie strategies. Metaphorical strategies are often
used by the main characters in this novel because through it the leaders can
emphasize the talking angle to express their opinions clearly. From the analysis of
the five strategies, it was found that there were seven objectives using flouting and
violating the maxim of quality.
8
The fourth research that becomes my literature review is a journal entitled
The Application of Cooperative Principle in Oral English Learning written by Qun
Li published on January 1, 2015. This paper focuses on the Grice’ Cooperative
Principle, which greatly contributes to learning English, especially oral English that
has always been a difficult part of learning English. But learning oral English
traditionally places too much emphasis on linguistics and ignores the importance of
exercise and cooperation. For this reason, even though students in China have tried
very well, they cannot speak efficiently in certain situations. Therefore, the
cooperative principle plays an important role in changing this phenomenon to guide
English learning in order to get good results. In the classroom, the use of
cooperative principles can change traditional teaching patterns and create an active
and harmonious atmosphere. Teachers and students will interact more in class. The
teacher can find out the problems in the learning process and correct them on time.
Likewise, students can increase their learning interest. Student learning outcomes
in their classroom and oral English skills will increase rapidly. In addition, the
cooperative principle can also make students exchange ideas and learn useful
knowledge and skills from others in the learning process. This makes students
realize the importance of cooperation and enthusiasm in their learning process,
therefore students utilize excellence from learning the cooperative principle to
make progress outside of the classroom. A cooperative principle is an important
pragmatic component of conversation because it can explain the literary meaning
and conversational implications.
9
The last, my literature review is a journal entitled The Study of Flouting
Maxim of Grice’s Cooperative Principle on Cak Cuk Surabaya T-shirts written by
Pravita Puspita Sari and Lilla Musyahda published in August 2016. The focus of
this study is trying to describe the expression on the Cak Cuk Surabaya T-shirt
design that violates Grice' cooperative principle, revealing the implicit meanings of
the infallible maxims, and why flouting of the maxims occurred in expressions. The
author uses qualitative methods in this study. In the process of collecting data, the
authors took four samples as data that represented Surabaya's cultural
characteristics. The reason the author examines the expression of the Cak Cuk
Surabaya T-shirt is that the violating maxim causes implicatures. In analyzing data,
the author uses Grice' cooperative principle theory and its implications. The result
of this study is that most quality maxims are flouted by expressions on the Cak Cuk
Surabaya T-shirt. Furthermore, the author also found that most of the maxims
violated were intended to emphasize the intended meaning and create humor.
Basically, this research is different from previous researches because the
writer uses an interview corpus of 22 Minutes with Billie Joe Armstrong on CBS
New York that is transcribed to examine the violations of the cooperative principle.
The uniqueness of this reasearch is Billie Joe – well known often uses informal or
slang words – try to speak orderly because he appears on the one of the official
show so it consideres him to violate the cooperative principle.
Commonly, this type of research is find in movie, novel, and such as the
example of the researches above. This research tries to reveal the violation of
10
cooperative principle using descriptive qualitative methods and Paul Grice’s theory
to analyze each utterance of the participants.
B. Transcript
Transcript is a simple way to create text. It only contains the text of what is
said or that is in the video, it is no need to put the duration of each speech. The good
transcript usually uses the video that less of an hour of duration the video with a
good quality of sound and the clear speech. It is necessary to remember that the
transcript that created must using the same language as the language that spoken in
the video or sound file (Rhee’q & Vhl, 58).
C. Pragmatics
According to Yule in Yusri (3), pragmatics is a branch of science from
linguistics that becomes the object of language in its usage that integrates with
grammar consisting of phonology, morphology, and syntax. In language,
pragmatics sometimes also noticing sounds, morphemes, sentence structures, and
the meaning of sentences. The meaning that is reviewed by pragmatics is the
meaning bound by context. In other word pragmatics is the purpose of speech.
If the meaning is recognized as an inseparable part the language, it is
difficult to deny the importance of the context of language use because the meaning
always changes based on the context. The context of the speech in different
languages can have the same meaning, while the same speech can have different
meanings or other purposes. So, pragmatics is the study of meaning that conveyed
by speaker and interpreted by listener. After the listener knows the intent of the
11
speaker, the listener will be known the action that must be done. For this reason,
the center of attention of pragmatics is the speakers' intentions behind the uttered
speech (Nurgiantoro, 27).
Pragmatics can be considered dealing with aspects of information conveyed
through language not encoded by conventions that are generally accepted in the
linguistic forms used, but which also arise naturally depend on the meanings
conventionally encoded with the context in which these forms are used. Through
the way to encode a speech, it can be known the meaning that corresponds to the
context of speech so that information will be obtained. It can be concluded that
pragmatics create a clear information according to the speech situation
(Dardjowidjojo, 26).
D. Cooperative Principles
Cooperative principles (Pfister, 78) is a guide to how a person interacts with
others by explaining the basics or principles in a conversation. The speaker
generally assumes that the listener can cooperate and have the certain
understanding, so that they can reach the target in the conversation. But there are
times when there is a mistake in communicating or interacting caused by several
factors, including cultural differences, personal experiences, and different linguistic
knowledge. It will direct the participants to the wrong assumption. Therefore, the
cooperative principle is needed to underlie the communication.
According to Grice, the basics of communication are divided into four
conversational maxims (Flowerdew, 95-96), they are:
12
1. Maxim of Quantity
According to maxim of quantity, all communications must achieve
a goal and balance in providing information when they speak or write, so
the participants should contribute as informative as required (Yuwono et al,
107). For Example:
(a) Yesterday, my friend was ticketed by a man who was police-man.
(b) Yesterday, my friend was ticketed by a police-man. (Yendra, 248).
Utterance (b) is considered more effective and efficient because
everyone certainly understands that police-man is a man. Thus, the words a
man in utterance (a) is assessed excessive because it only adds things that
already clear and not to be need explained again.
2. Maxim of Quality
This maksim requires each participant to contribute the correct
information and should be supported by sufficient evidence. Pay attention
to the following utterances. Both participants contribute the correct
information with the sufficient evidence (Yuwono et al, 107):
A: "How many maxim of cooperation according to Grice?"
B: "According to Grice's book that I read, there are four maxims in the
principle of cooperation."
A: "What are they?"
B: "Maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of relevance, and maxim
of manner."
13
3. Maxim of Relevance
The theory of relevance that stated by Wilson and Sperber (6) is
actually a compression of the Grice’ four cooperative principles with the
premise that communication depends on cognitive. The continuity of
communication goes concomitant with how this principle is utilized. It must
be posessedd by every participant in the conversation by assuming that the
other speakers have tried to be as relevant as possible. This assumption is
then expected to get the maximum implications with the easiest processing
effort. The notion of what is relevant in discourse will vary from one context
to another. Look at the following example above:
A: “Before you leave, put these my words in your heart.”
B: “I am willing, my Lord.” (Rahardi, 56)
The conversation above can be said obey the maxim of relevance,
because B responds to the command from A.
4. Maxim of Manner
An elaboration of the Gricean maxim of manner was proposed by
Leech (67) – who distinguishes two kinds of clarity, they are consist in
making unambiguous use of syntax and phonology of the language in order
to construct a clear text, and consists in framing a clear message – which is
perspicuous or intelligible in the sense of conveying the intended
illocutionary goal to the addressee. The participants of communication are
better avoid obscurity expression, so be brief and be orderly. For example:
14
A: "Which one do you want to watch? Comedy or horror?"
B: "Comedy. The picture is also better.”
In the conversation above, we can see that B answered plainly.
Sometimes in order to comply the maxim of manner, it can simply expressed
by "what if ...", "in my opinion ...", and so on.
E. Violating Maxim
According to Grice, a speaker violates a maxim when he tends or has the
potential to mislead his interlocutor to interpret what he said. In real life, many
people say unfairness when they communicate, even deliberately to perform lies for
many reasons, including for hiding the truth, keep an image, feeling jealous,
satisfying listeners, entertaining listeners, building one's trust, avoiding hurting
someone, and convincing listeners (Thomas, 72-73). They believe that lies are a
natural instrument for survival and to avoid them from anything that can put them
in inappropriate conditions. In the end, it caused a misunderstanding from listeners
who believed what the speaker was saying (Martinich 33-34).
1. Violating Maxim of Quantity
According to Bousfield (22), all the participants in communication
should not make contribution more informative than require, so do not say
too much or too little. If someone gives more or even less information, then
he violates a maxim of quantity. For Example:
Kay : “How did you and your husband meet?”
Betty : “Well, that’s a long story.”
Kay : “Okay, I’m not going to anywhere, let’s hear it.”
15
When Betty replied, “Well, that’s a long story.”, actually, she had
violated the maxim of quantity because she answered too short. The answer
can mean several things, it can be a polite way to say that she doesn't want
to talk about it. Therefore, intentionally or not, Kay misinterpreted Betty's
answer (Littlejohn et all, 166).
In the next example, in contrast, too much information is provided:
A : “What is your name?”
B : “My name is Fitri, I lived in Cimahi, I’m 17 years old. Now I’m
single and looking for a very cool, calm, and confident pilot. I’m just
graduated, so I need money and place for living to continue my life
for my happy future. Any question?”
B blatantly provides very excessive information. Just only by
answering "My name is Fitri." actually it has fulfilled the answer from A’s
question. B clearly violates the maxim of quantity where the speaker and
the interlocutor should contribute teach other in providing sufficient
information (Yendra, 249).
2. Violating Maxim of Quality
Maxim of quality is the utterance that spoken by the speaker must
be true and in accordance with the facts. The participants in the conversation
must be truthful, so do not say what you believe to be false and lack of
evidence (Bousfield, 22).
For example below, when Trevor climbs the ladder to repair
something broken on the roof but when he reaches up he accidentally kicks
the ladder then it falls to the ground. So he can not go down:
16
Jason : “Do you want me to put the ladder back so you can climb down?”
Trevor : (on the roof) “No! I just want to hang around up here all day!”
Jason is unnecessary to ask because it was clear that Trevor needs
Jason to help him go down. Therefore, Trevor replies with untruthful
meaning and sarcasm. In Grice's maxim, he violating the maxim of Quality.
When Trevor's answer is not a direct answer to Jason's question, the
cooperative principle will require Trevor to find an appropriate
interpretation and he can deduce the answer (Bowe et al, 11).
3. Violating Maxim of Relevance
This maxim requires the participant in the communication to make
a contribution that is relevant with the discussing topic and do not digress
(Rahardi, 56). For example:
Visitor : “I’d like to read today’s newspaper.”
Local : “There’s a shop round the corner.”
The local has made the visitor believe that the store is a shop that
sells newspapers. But her utterance and 'what is said' does not mean literally;
that answer might make the visitor upset when he walks around the corner
and finds a shop there, but it's a clothing store. Therefore, the visitor will
interpret what the local said to him is not wrong because she said that there
was a shop. But that is clearly misleading in the context because he makes
the visitor believe that what he says is relevant to his wishes. So the
proposition that the shop that intended sells newspapers is the implication
17
of the conversation from the words of the local, based on the assumption
that she is violating the maxim of relevance (Capman, 75).
4. Violating Maxim of Manner
Based on the maxim of manner, each participant in the
communication must avoid ambiguity and unnecessary prolixity, so speak
directly, straightforwardly, and sequentially (Rahardi, 57). For example:
A : “Let’s stop and get something to eat.”
B : “Okay, but not M-C-D-O-N-A-L-D-S.”
It would be better if B answered A's invitation clearly by
answering "sure, that’s a good idea.", or "not now, I'm not hungry.". But
B instead responded to A's invitation with spelling McDonald's one by
one because she did not want her son who is very loved McDonald's to
know her wishes. Of course, B has violated the maxim of manner for
her utterance because she gave an unclear response (Yendra, 255).
18
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH FINDINGS
A. Data Description
The writer uses bibliography study for data collecting technique in this
study, that is using written sources to obtain the data. The writer watching the
22 Minutes with Billie Joe Armstrong interview on CBS New York YouTube
channel on October 12, 2016 and transcribed the conversation at the same time.
After that, the writer gives mark on every utterance that violate the four maxims
of cooperative principles, then put the marked data in sequence according to
ongoing conversation e.g datum 1: violating maxim of quantity, datum 5:
violating maxim of quality, and so on. The detail of obtained data are shown in
the table below:
Table 1. The Data of Violation a Maxim Cooperative Principles
No. Data Violate a Maxim
1. “Yeah I ain’t – you know – full-time dad. Uh... I
think um... the thing I related to most was just that
his how he um...”, “…so that was the thing I kind
of related to the most about him.”
Maxim of quantity
2. “…yeah 21 and 18.” Maxim of quantity
3. “I, I, you know, having kids and, and even he’s like
hanging out with, with Madisyn who played Salome
in the movie like – there’s a…”, “It’s almost like
you can speak a different language um... just it’s
the language of rock and roll I guess.”
Maxim of quantity
4. “…you know, my youngest jakob is becoming a
really good songwriter and my, my oldest is the
drummer in a band called ‘Swimmers’ and um...”
Maxim of quantity
5. “No, we never really talked about that stuff...” Maxim of quality
19
6. “Ow it was great, you know me and Fred actually
we go back a lot further than I thought we did, it’s
like we... we played, his band played with us and
we in, we wouldn’t like Beloit Wisconsin at Elk’s
Lodge in 1991, so is I think we... we... our second
record hadn’t come out yet, but he was uh...
yeah…”, “…full circle that we came and you know
he’s such a great drummer and...”
Maxim of quantity
7. “Lucas and um... Kevin to uh... and... and we
rehearsed and it was like a real band and you can
hear like we got ended up getting pretty tight...”
Maxim of quantity
8. “Oh Fever Blister.“ Maxim of manner
9. “…you just had that great role as a Kriss Jenner in
the OJ movie I don’t know if you saw that at all but
um...”
Maxim of quantity
10. “I definitely kind of fed off of them…”, “…so I was
really excited working with her and Judy was...”
Maxim of quantity
11. “I don’t think the thing about the character was like
yeah you have to, when you have a family and you
have kids there’s part of you that, that um... sort of
goes away um... but, but what I think that the
character find is like there’s something new about
him that he’s discovering everyday.”
Maxim of quantity
12. “It’s a real thing about the whole thing was when
the movie with, when the movie was finished and it
was edited and then…”
Maxim of quantity
13. “Ringo is a really great drummer um... and he’s
uh... really solid and uh... Jad let’s just from
looking at it for a musician’s standpoint is just to
be able to hear him up close and um... and not just
on record and he’s fantastic and... and Paul, I was
just out there and pretty sure I can, I can barely
remember.”
Maxim of quantity
14. “Now, your, your drummer mike, right? Maxim of quality
15. “…did you start writing the songs for Dookie when
you were at like 18?”
Maxim of quality
16. “…I wrote two songs like one’s called Somewhere
Now, the other one is Bang Bang…”, “I think about
like about a year and a half later, I mean here we
are now.”
Maxim of quantity
17. “…it’s hard to talk about just because it’s so it
could be really disturbing but um... I will, it’s yeah
it was about mass shooting and sort of what goes
on in these sort of social media manifestos that
Maxim of quantity
20
these uh... these um... wing nuts have, have going
on inside their heads and how we’ve just become
like a really american culture is like a become
really violent so um... and then sort of how I feel
like with bridging that gap between that and like
terrorism and um... so it’s it’s uh... yeah it’s pretty
disturbing, really.”
18. “…you know something very similar to Perry
Miller I guess, you know.”
Maxim of relevance
19. “And so doing the movie was one thing that, that
was uh... a really I start challenging myself in that
way like and also I did um... wrote the song, songs
for a musical called These Paper Bullets and uh…”
Maxim of quantity
20. “I approach to see if she uh... wanted to do this
record because I love the Foreverly Reprise
Record called um...”
Maxim of relevance
21. “I, I mean I started the record about two years ago
and um...”, “…hehe, if you need to drown your
sorrows with a good record so...”
Maxim of quantity
22. “I don’t like I watched the debates last night and I
honestly almost feel ashamed of myself for
watching it because I... it was just, it was just a bad
show you know, and like – so we played Webster
Hall the other...”
Maxim of relevance
23. “At least a chance against one candidate or the
other?”
Maxim of Manner
24. “…and I wouldn’t like pulling out a lot of old
material from, you know, songs that we haven’t
played since we are – you know – really young, so
it’s uh... it’s been really fun and then uh...”
Maxim of relevance
25. “We like... we lived in squalor.” Maxim of manner
26. “…if my career would have turned out more like...
Perry Miller from the movie, I think I would...”
Maxim of relevance
27. “…we’re all really excited and uh... the process has
begun.”
Maxim of quantity
28. “Yeah basically, yeah.” Maxim of manner
29. “…of course Lee was such a great director, I had
a really good time with him...”
Maxim of relevance
30. “…what if I did a fanzie? No one asked me if I’d
ever do a book but maybe if I did, like my journals
and like a xerox copy thing where I did it like once
a month for three years. Maybe I do something like
that. Sounds like fun.”
Maxim of quantity
21
B. Data Analysis
This section will deeply describe the analysis of the violations of the
utterances in the cooperative principle which are uttered in the corpus data. The
author uses Paul Grice' theory specifically and other supporting theories about
violating the cooperative principles.
Datum 1
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Maybe what I should say should be more specific. Your first
really starring role in a feature film called ‘Ordinary World’, I
got to see last night. Um... how did you come to be doing that
project?”
Billie Joe : “Um... with the writer-director Lee Kirk, he... um... he
approached me with a script and I really I read it overnight and
I really liked it immediately so um... yeah we just sort of worked
on it a little bit together and um... yeah I really just, I fell in love
with the character that was great.”
Quinn : “No big surprise there he, Perry ...“
Billie Joe : “Perry.”
Quinn : “...he’s a lovable charatcter [laughter], he’s a former punk
rocker.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah I ain’t – you know – full-time dad. Uh... I think um... the
thing I related to most was just that his how he um... how you
become so humble when you become a parent because it’s your
uh... you know, you put, put your kids and family before
everything else so that was the thing I kind of related to the most
about him.”
Based on the data above, Brigitte Quinn as the interviewer opened the
conversation with said that Billie Joe (the interviewer) was the movie star, but
she immediately corrected that it was Billie Joe’s really first starring role in the
movie, because actually he was the musician who played a movie for the first
time.
22
The conversation continued up to talked about Perry – the main
character in the movie – so, Quinn expected Billie Joe’s response about the
movie or his character itself. But, Billie Joe gave his opinion about the
relationship between Perry and him. His statement was not what Quinn
expected because she did not ask about it, so Billie Joe violated a maxim of
quantity.
Datum 2
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Interesting, and you, you have two sons?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah 21 and 18.”
Quinn : “And they’re both musicians.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah that’s right.”
From the piece of the conversation above, Quinn only asked whether
Billie Joe has two sons, and he directly answered with unnecessary slight
information with said that his sons’ age is 21 and 18. Therefore, he violated a
maxim of quantity, because his extra information is not required. He just needs
to answers like in the next question above when Quinn asked whether both of
his sons are musicians, and he replied clearly and brief.
Datum 3
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Right, and... the girl your daughter the older child...“
Billie Joe : “Uh um.”
Quinn : “...in the movie is a musician as well.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah.”
Quinn : “Yeah.”
23
Billie Joe : “I, I, you know, having kids and, and even he’s like hanging out
with, with Madisyn who played Salome in the movie like – there’s
a, she’s a really tallented tallented kid and I... we were able to
sort of talk about music and share. It’s almost like you can speak
a different language um... just it’s the language of rock and roll I
guess.”
In the piece of conversation above, Quinn started to talk about the girl
in the movie – Perry’s daughter – who played music as well. She expected Billie
Joe to response or give a statement about it, but Billie Joe let himself to said
more and provided too much information.
Billie Joe seemed not satisfy with his elucidation if he only gave his
opinion on the point, then he added an explanation by saying what was like to
have kids, so it makes him violated a maxim of quantity
Datum 4
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Were you always able to speak that that language with your
own sons?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah we still do that even gets more intense now that - you
know, it’s like they show me a lot of things that they’re up to and
what theye’re listening to and uh... you know, my youngest jakob
is becoming a really good songwriter and my, my oldest is the
drummer in a band called ‘Swimmers’ and um... it’s great, it’s like
because they honestly love music and that’s what, that’s why I
like talking about it really.”
In the previous conversation, Quinn discussed the girl who played as
Billie Joe’s daughter in the movie. Quinn wanted Billie Joe’s opinion about her
and continued to talk about a different language of music. Then, Quinn wanted
to know whether Billie Joe also did it with his own sons.
24
Instead of to give a complete and clear answer, Billie Joe’s words
seemed excessive and actually explained things that unnecessary because Quinn
did not ask about anything else. Whereas it was not required but Billie Joe
needed to say it to deliver his main respond. Therefore, Billie Joe violated a
maxim of quantity.
Datum 5
Violating of maxim of quality:
Quinn : “Did you ever have any reservation with them going into the
biz?”
Billie Joe : “No, we never really talked about that stuff, I mean we talked
about it – uh… just in terms of what to be aware of, but I, it’s
more about um... loving music and uh... just kind, showing them
some old stuff that I’ve, I’ve listened to and they turn me on the
stuff too.”
Quinn still in line to talk about Billie Joe’s sons. This time, she asked to
him if he ever had any reservation with his sons to went into the biz. Then,
replied with an unnecessary statement in the first, but at least he answered
honestly.
Billie Joe may be felt uncomfortable with the question, or he wanted to
keep an image as a musician. Then he thinks over what he wanted to say and
because it was a personal question. But finally, he presented an uncertain and
inconclusive respond that violated a maxim of quality.
Datum 6
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Hmm mm. Movie... um... shot here in new york city? Right?
And um... so Perry – your character – he’s… he kind of wants
to have this big party for his milestone birthday…” [Laughter]
25
Billie Joe : “Yeah.”
Quinn : “...and his buddy, Fred Armisen, tries to facilitate that. What
was it like working with Fred Armisen?”
Billie Joe : “Ow it was great, you know me and Fred actually we go back a
lot further than I thought we did, it’s like we... we played, his band
played with us and we in, we wouldn’t like Beloit Wisconsin at
Elk’s Lodge in 1991, so is I think we... we... our second record
hadn’t come out yet, but he was uh... yeah so it was just it was
crazy just how uh... full circle that we came and you know he’s
such a great drummer and...”
Quinn : “Yeah.”
Billie Joe : “...so such a great actor and so funny and um... obviously but
yeah it was great working with him.”
From the piece of the conversation above, Quinn gave a statement about
Billie Joe in his role in the movie, then she asked what was like working with
his partner – Fred Armisen. But, rather than gives a simple answer, Billie Joe
told about their past.
Many people would be distracted to interpret the additional statement
above that contained too much information, so his length respond is violated a
maxim of quantity.
Datum 7
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Yeah I missed him on SNL. Um... the four songs right? That
are original songs for the movie and um... did Fred play the
drums on those or...?”
Billie Joe : “Um... well we... we, the cool thing about this movie is like we
played everything live, so I had to get together with him and uh...
Lucas and um... Kevin to uh... and... and we rehearsed and it was
like a real band and you can hear like we got ended up getting
pretty tight, so yeah there’s four songs The Devil’s Kind,
Ordinary World, Body Bag, and um... I can’t think it’s been the
one that’s top my head.”
26
In the piece of the conversation above Quinn was making sure that the
drum of the four songs of the movie is played by Fred, and she wanted Billie
Joe’s respond about it. But, instead of talk about the played drum of Fred, he
gave too much information about anyone else in the movie. His reply is not
fulfilled the question because Quinn only asked about Fred. He only needed to
explain how the band work used to and how it runs well. So, Billie Joe violated
a maxim of quantity.
Datum 8
Violating maxim of manner:
Quinn : “Will have to all, have to go back in Google –“
Billie Joe : “Oh Fever Blister.“
Quinn : “Fever Blister [Laughter], okay.“
Billie Joe : “...that’s what I should call, yeah.” [Laughter]
From the conversation above, Quinn tried to finish her advice to Billie
Joe while he also tried to remember the title of the one song that he forgot. Then
finally he was able to remind the title and said it immediately, so he cut Quinn’s
sentence with his words. For what he did, he violated a maxim of manner. It
would be better if Billie Joe pays attention to Quinn in order he could say what
he wanted to say at a better time.
Datum 9
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “And making movie so um... the other actors I should mention
Selma Blair of course you just had that great role as a Kriss
Jenner in the OJ movie I don’t know if you saw that at all but um...
and um... Judy Greer.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah.”
27
From the piece of conversation above, Quinn made an image of Selma
Blair as Kriss Jenner in the movie to delivered her main statement. She actually
does not need to say that because Billie Joe knew Selma Blair and Judy Greer
in the ‘Ordinary World’ movie so well. And in the next question, she was not
discussed about something that related to Kriss Jenner at all. In this time, Quinn
said something that should not be said. This additional sentence makes her
violated maxim of quantity because it contains unnecessary information.
Datum 10
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “So what was it like working with them like did you... did you
seek out like acting advisory or we just like ‘now I get this guy
I’m just gonna play him naturally.’?”
Billie Joe : “Oh sure yeah I... I definitely uh… kind of fed off of them, I
mean Selma is a great actor she’s been in a lot of great movies
and um... so I was really excited working with her and Judy was
um... she’s an amazing actor so... and she made it really fun and
like that, that scene the scenes that we were in um... she was just
really excited and, and so was I and so I think the fact that we
got along so well, kind of made it like, so we had some pretty
good chemistry.”
In the conversation above, Billie Joe is asked by Quinn what was it like
working with Selma Blair and Judy Greer. She might be wondered how could
they did their job in the movie, while they have a different kind of career, so she
tried to ask it. But, Billie Joe gave additional information about what he felt to
play the movie and how it felt to work together with Selma Blair and Judy Greer.
Of course, Billie Joe violated a maxim of quantity, although his sentences
seemed like ordinary utterance.
28
Datum 11
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Hm hm, yeah it comes across on the screen it definitely does
and... so your character he’s turning 40, I don’t want to give too
much weight about it but he’s turning 40. Was at in your own
life any kind of uh... of crisis?”
Billie Joe : “Sure... why not, yeah [Laughter] I think it’s a little bit for
everybody um... yeah I think um... you know, I think it’s just
sort of when you, when you get to an age where you can look at
back at time and eras of where you’re at in your life, that’s when
I think you start going wow, this is uh... I’m, I’m getting up there
but uh... um... I don’t think the thing about the character was like
yeah you have to, when you have a family and you have kids
there’s part of you that, that um... sort of goes away um... but, but
what I think that the character find is like there’s something new
about him that he’s discovering everyday.”
Quinn asked about Billie Joe’s crisis in the age of 40, but Billie Joe
answered with an additional statement which is still about the character in the
previous statement. He did it because his long respond contains the same
information with his main answer and he thinks it was fairly important to say
more. Of course, the information or message given is excessive. It should be in
accordance with what is being asked or required. So in this time, Billie Joe
violated a maxim a quantity because he gave unnecessary information.
Datum 12
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Hm hm hm hm and there’s, there’s also a nice scene where
his friend tells him that he got to jam with McCartney.”
Billie Joe : [Laughter] “Yeah.”
Quinn : “And your cares like ‘uuuh’.”
Billie Joe : “Oh yeah, yeah.”
Quinn : “But in real life I, did you get to jam with McCartney I know I
read something that you um... you got you definitely got to hang
29
out with him at one of the Rock and Roll, Hall of Fame induction
ceremonies or... is that somebody who you ...?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, that’s...“
Quinn : “...collaborated with?”
Billie Joe : “It’s a real thing about the whole thing was when the movie with,
when the movie was finished and it was edited and then Green Day
got inducted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, I was literally
jamming with Ringo and Paul McCartney um... and uh... it is
just crazy how I don’t know my, I have a weird life and I like it.”
[laughter]
Quinn immediately directed her discussion about Paul McCartney that
she knew involved in the scene of the movie and jamming with one of its
characters. Then, she continued to ask whether Billie Joe had to collaborate with
McCartney on the big stages in real life. Billie Joe answered clearly and
correctly but he gave an unnecessary statement in the first to deliver his main
answer. So, his reply can be concluded that he violated a maxim of quantity for
added more information.
Datum 13
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “What was that like jamming with them?”
Billie Joe : “It was like, I still can’t believe it, um... Ringo is a really great
drummer um... and he’s uh... really solid and uh... Jad let’s just
from looking at it for a musician’s standpoint is just to be able to
hear him up close and um... and not just on record and he’s
fantastic and... and Paul, I was just out there and pretty sure I can,
I can barely remember.”
In the conversation above, Quinn only asked what was like jamming
with Paul McCartney, and Billie Joe answered with a piece of long additional
information within explained how great Ringo and McCartney instead. Of
course, Billie Joe violated a maxim of quantity, because Quinn literally did not
30
ask about Ringo and McCartney’s advances, but Billie Joe commented with it,
although his additional statement might not wrong informally.
Datum 14
Violating maxim of manner:
Quinn : [Laughter] “Now, your, your drummer mike, right?
Billie Joe : “Tre.”
Quinn : “Oh Tre, sorry, um... wait it was mike then but that you met
when you were 10?”
Billie Joe : “That’s right.”
In the piece of the conversation above, Quinn said information about
one personnel of Green Day that she knew, but actually she was wrong. Quinn
– as the interviewer – should be more informative. Before she did the interview,
it would be better for her to find accurate information for her talking about. So
that she must know the right statement that she has said about Billie Joe’s
drummer. For her false information, she violated a maxim of quality.
Datum 15
Violating maxim of manner:
Quinn : “Right... did you start writing the songs for Dookie when you
were at like 18? I mean it really young right?
Billie Joe : “Um... yeah I would say... at 20 and 21.”
Quinn : “Hm hm.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah and then the, the previous records... I was 15 16 years
old so we’ve been in spann forever.”
In the piece of conversation above, Quinn gave a false statement which
is violated a maxim of quality. She asked whether Billie Joe started writing the
songs for Dookie at eighteen, but it was incorrect. Maybe she felt amazed to
31
knew how young Billie Joe started his career at a young age, so she assumed
that Billie Joe writes songs for Dookie still in the teenage age.
Datum 16
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Hm alright. Now aside from the movie you’ve been doing a lot
of promotion of the new, the new album, um... what inspired you
to do this album?”
Billie Joe : “Um...”
Quinn : “Revolution Radio I would say for the name of it.”
Billie Joe : “Right, we took a long break after the last record came out and
um... I think we just, I didn’t want to push anything and I think
and that’s where inspiration really comes from because you, you
let your life unfold then suddenly you have these moments where
like I wrote two songs like one’s called Somewhere Now, the other
one is Bang Bang and then at that point I knew that it was like
it’s time to get Green Day going again, so uh... I think about like
about a year and a half later, I mean here we are now.”
Now, Quinn asked Billie Joe how he got an inspiration to make his
newest album named Revolution Radio after they are discussed his first written
songs. Then, Billie Joe explained about his inspiration, but he also told the titles
of the songs and how long to make them. From this conversation, he violated a
maxim of quantity for adding unnecessary information. It would be better if he
only explains completely about what Quinn only asked him.
Datum 17
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “’Bang Bang’ is there I’ve read that, that was inspired by some
of the shooting some of the craziness that’s been going on in this
country now is that, is that true?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah I think I’m just sort of, ah... it’s hard to talk about just
because it’s so it could be really disturbing but um... I will, it’s yeah
it was about mass shooting and sort of what goes on in these sort
of social media manifestos that these uh... these um... wing nuts
32
have, have going on inside their heads and how we’ve just become
like a really american culture is like a become really violent so
um... and then sort of how I feel like with bridging that gap
between that and like terrorism and um... so it’s it’s uh... yeah it’s
pretty disturbing, really.”
Quinn asked more specifically about the inspiration of Bang Bang! –
one of the songs of Revolution Radio. Rather than gives a simple “yes” or “no”
answer, he explained completely about it. Of course, she and the audience might
be expected the story behind that song from Billie Joe. But his answer was too
long and contained too many information. So, it can be concluded from the
conversation above that Billie Joe violated a maxim of quantity.
Datum 18
Violating maxim of relevance:
Quinn : “And some of the other um... songs on the album was it was
another one inspired by a protest that you took part in in New
York City?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah it was a Ferguson um... protest that was going on eight
avenue and uh... basically I saw it was the song Revolution Radio
and I just got out and walked with everybody.”
Quinn : “Hm what did all the songs on this album come to you very
easily?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah I mean eventualy, I mean it takes time um... so I mean
yeah there’s like a song like uh... Still Breathing what it’s a song
about survival, there’s a lot of personal stuff that with it and
looking at your past and um... uh... you know something very
similar to Perry Miller I guess, you know.” [Laughter]
Quinn still talked about the inspiration of the songs from Revolution
Radio album. Then, Quinn wondered about how Billie Joe was so easy to find
the inspiration that comes to him. But, suddenly Billie Joe said something out
of the topic. He tried to relate his answer to the character in the movie even
though Quinn was not talking about it.
33
Billie Joe’s response should be appropriate with the topic because his
additional sentence was not relevant with what they were talking about. It means
that he violated a maxim of relevance.
Datum 19
Violating of maxim quantity:
Quinn : “Right. Personally you were on a hiatus for for a few years
during that period where you have preaching to get back on the
road. Perry has these flashes, these quick little flashes where he
sees himself on stage in the band when you were away from it
for a while, did you feel that way were you hitting it all to get
back on the road or to get back in the studio?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah everyday um... you have to take a break though because
um... at the time I was really burnt and I think um... me, I could
say that for speak for Mike and Tre also I think we’re all just we
needed time but um... and it’s but it’s hard to take time off for
me like i was uh... you start to get this feeling like... am I
unemployed right now? Or like what’s what do I do with myself?
And so doing the movie was one thing that, that was uh... a really
I start challenging myself in that way like and also I did um... wrote
the song, songs for a musical called These Paper Bullets and uh...
so I found some things that I could do but it eventually that it’s
to be in Green Day is I had to scratch it.”
For this time, Quinn tried to relate Billie Joe with Perry whether he got
some quick little flashes where he saw himself on stage in the band when he
was away from it for a while. Then, Billie Joe directly told completely about
those flashes which are happened to his life by adding some information like
anything he did when he got them. But, his statement violated a maxim of
quantity, because those informations are not required. He should try to be as
informative as possible, then gives as much information as needed.
34
Datum 20
Violating of maxim relevance:
Quinn : “Oh um... I also um... that there was an interesting diversion
that you took with doing the duet the Foreverly record with
Norah Jones.”
Billie Joe : “Oh yeah that was great, yeah.”
Quinn : “Yeah that was kind of different thing right I mean one, one
reviewer mentioned that he really get to hear really what a what
a great voice you have on that, on that album whereas maybe
some of the some of the other songs - you know - it’s still obvious
but here the voice is really showcased.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, thanks reviewer.” [laughter]
Quinn : “Yeah like that guy.”
Billie Joe : [Laughter] “I like that guy. Um... yeah I learned a lot from
Norah, she um... is a, is a powerhouse uh... she’s so diverse and
you know anything from country to jazz and uh... I approach to
see if she uh... wanted to do this record because I love the
Foreverly Reprise Record called um... songs her daddy taught us
and just to remake it and you know do something different with
it and uh... she was game.”
Based on the data above, Quinn interested to talk about the collaboration
of Billie Joe with Norah Jones. She noticed that the great voice of Billie Joe on
the record with Norah Jones is interested the viewers, and Billie Joe commented
how could he did it.
Suddenly in the middle of the talk, Billie Joe said that he approached
Norah Jones to make sure her to do the record. His explanation exactly true, but
he does not need to say about his effort about the record because it was out of
the topic. For what he said, he violated a maxim of relevance.
35
Datum 21
Violating of maxim quantity:
Quinn : “Now um... American Idiot sort of a political concept album
right now but you didn’t do that with, with the new record
Revolution Radio.”
Billie Joe : “No, you know it’s funny because like in one hand it’s, it’s very
like every song kind of stands on it’s own, but like there’s a song
on there called Forever Now where I couldn’t help myself and I
started it like getting into sort of these wild arrangements and
turning it into some kind of uh... epic thing uh... so it’s uh... I can
never stray too far from doing uh... something that sounds like
rock opera.”
Quinn : “Right, now is the timing purely coincidental that – you know
– it’s being released now just a month before the election.”
Billie Joe : “Um... it could be, it could be not but I think um... I, I mean I
started the record about two years ago and um... just that’s when
the writing start, it started and then um... so yeah I mean I guess
the timing is right if you... hehe, if you need to drown your sorrows
with a good record so...” [Laughter]
In the piece of the conversation above, Quinn talked as regard the
American Idiot that sort of a political concept and asked Billie Joe for his newest
album – Revolution Radion – that had purely coincidental timing and being
released just a month before the election. Instead of to respond to Quinn’s
statement, he commented too much with said about the timing that he started
the record and his feeling at that time. For those statements, he violated a maxim
of quantity.
Datum 22
Violating maxim of relevance:
Quinn : “Do you get political at all in in your concerts and in your
commentary between songs or in, in during sets?”
Billie Joe : “I have before, and uh... you can’t, you know with the song like
Holiday or American Idiot or uh... Revolution Radio it’s you
know it definitely reflects what’s going on in society so um... the
36
thing is things feel so toxic right now uh... with what’s going on
that um... I don’t like I watched the debates last night and I
honestly almost feel ashamed of myself for watching it because I...
it was just, it was just a bad show you know, and like – so we played
Webster Hall the other, other night and people started kind of
chanting different things here and there and I wanted to get
away from now, that I wanted to, I wanted to remove myself
from this.”
Quinn asked Billie Joe whether he got political at all in his concert and
songs or in during sets, and she also talked about politics – the time when the
albums released before the election. Billie Joe gave a response to Quinn about
political involvement in his songs, but he inserted his personal experiment about
debates that he saw last night. For this case, Billie Joe violated a maxim of
relevance. His reaction was unnecessary because it out of topic. He may say it
to delivers him to the related sentence in the next.
Datum 23
Violating maxim of manner:
Quinn : “So were they chanting?”
Billie Joe : “Um...”
Quinn : “I don’t know you can say...“
Billie Joe : “I really say but –“
Quinn : “At least a chance against one candidate or the other?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah.”
Quinn : “Okay I can get the picture.”
In the piece of the conversation above, Quinn and Billie Joe still
discussed the politic atmosphere that happened at that time. She wondered to
Billie Joe whether people blabbering during the campaign. When he was talking
to respond, Quinn interrupted him before he finished his sentence, so she
violated a maxim of manner because she cut off the conversation.
37
Datum 24
Violating maxim of relevance:
Quinn : “So um... you mentioned uh... Webster Hall you’ve been
playing like the smaller venues and then you start a North
American tour in March...“
Billie Joe : “Some like that.”
Quinn : “...and I saw that you guys are coming to the Barclays um...
you know, Brooklyn of course.”
Billie Joe : “Shall yeah, I shall come.”
Quinn : [Laughter] “Um... is that, is that a strategy that you play this
smaller clubs and then go and do the big arenas? Or is it just,
just kind of turned out that way?”
Billie Joe : “I really like to play, like smaller venues sometimes just to like
I go right to the hardcore fans and I wouldn’t like pulling out a
lot of old material from, you know, songs that we haven’t played
since we are – you know – really young, so it’s uh... it’s been really
fun and then uh... so yeah then we get into the bigger, bigger
places after after that so...“
Based on the data above, Quinn said that Billie Joe has been playing in
the small venues, then started a North tour in March, and he agreed. Quinn
continued to talk about the strategy of Billie Joe to get a bigger and bigger stage
in every time is planned or it just going unexpectedly. But, he replied with
adding the unnecessary words that actually not relevant to his main answer. He
spoke with no such contribution as he was not considered to comply, so he
violated a maxim of relevance.
Datum 25
Violating maxim of manner:
Quinn : “Hm hm. I heard you on um... another radio program that we
were talking about before we started our interview um... and
heard you talking about the song Welcome to Paradise and sort
of a nod to your days when you were – I don’t know, what is that
they call them, it’s all your days. Are you really essentially a
squatter, right?”
38
Billie Joe : “Uhmm... more or less I wouldn’t say it was like a squatter, but
say, but yeah.”
Quinn : “But living in nothing nice –“
Billie Joe : “We like... we lived in squalor.”
In the conversation above, Quinn asked about “Welcome to my
Paradise” which is she heard before the interview, then she said there was sorts
a nod of Billie Joe’s days when he was really essentially squatter. Then, Quinn
tried to say something but cut off by Billie Joe. For this case, he has violated a
maxim of manner. He should wait until Quinn finished her sentence. He is not
able to interrupt Quinn when she speaks or has not finished her sentence.
Datum 26
Violating maxim of relevance:
Quinn : “You lived in the squalor.” [Laughter]
Billie Joe : “Yeah we, it was a bunch of kids and we all lived in the same
warehouse and it was, I mean it wasn’t unlike living in the dorms
but it was just a lot more chaos and punk rock and a lot of
shenanigans so...”
Quinn : “But a very creative place to be?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah absolutely, I mean they were an artists and
musicians and um... you know, punk rockers and in the hallways
and there was always something going on everyday.”
Quinn : “So during those lean years was there ever time when you
said... ‘I don’t know, I know if I can do this for a living’ or... or
did you always know... ‘no i, i have to be a musician.’”
Billie Joe : “I always knew I had to be a musician. I love, love playing um...
and, you know, and even if uh... if my career would have turned
out more like uh... Perry Miller from the movie, I think I would
uh... definitely do whatever I could any kind of job I could to
support my music habit, so...”
In the piece of conversation above, Quinn and Billie Joe were discussing
about the place where the punk rockers to express and Quinn continued to ask
39
Billie Joe that was he already know that he would be a musician. Then, he gave
an irrelevant answer. He tried to relate his answer with a similar case in his role
– Perry – that actually unnecessary and out of the topic. So, Billie Joe violated
a maxim of relevance. He should only respond with the relevant answer with
the topic of conversation.
Datum 27
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Yeah yeah, uh speaking of, of acting uh American Idiot
obviously bighead on Broadway, Tony’s, and Grammy’s and
you did some acting on stage there too. Is that, is it true that it’s
going to be made into a movie for HBO?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, HBO picked it up and um... we’re all really excited and
uh... the process has begun.”
Quinn immediately asked Billie About his acting in American Idiot on
Broadway, Tony’s, and Grammy’s those are made into a movie for HBO. She
wanted to know was it true or not. Then, Billie Joe answered but with an
additional sentence that told his feeling. So, he violated a maxim of quantity.
He should only to said simple respond like “yes” or “no”.
Datum 28
Violating maxim of manner:
Quinn : “And will you be playing St. Jimmy?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah I think so.”
Quinn : “You will.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah.”
Quinn : “Okay.”
Billie Joe : “Better hurry, I’m not getting younger.”
Quinn : [Laughter] “Okay, but you know – I think –“
40
Billie Joe : “Yeah basically, yeah.”
In the piece of conversation above, Quinn asked about another title of
Billie Joe’s song that played to be an opera – St. Jimmy – whether he wanted to
play it or not. Billie Joe considered that he wanted to as soon as possible. But
when they were responding to each other, Billie Joe cut off before Quinn
finished her sentence. So, he violated a maxim of manner because he did
impoliteness for interrupting.
Datum 29
Violating maxim of relevance:
Quinn : “Yeah, okay. Ordinary World now has that giving you more of
the acting bug, other than American Idiot. Are you now looking
to spread as an actor maybe?”
Billie Joe : “Um... yeah absolutely. I had a really great time and um... of
course Lee was such a great director, I had a really good time with
him, so yeah I mean I’m, I’m open I’m game for, for whatever
comes my way.”
Quinn continued to a similar question about acting and opera. She asked
Billie Joe whether he will spread his career to be an actor and acting. Of course
he wanted to, but he answered with giving the inconsequent opinion. Not only
gave an answer exactly, but he mentioned somebody else that is not asked. So,
he actually violated a maxim of relevance because he gave another information.
He should not be talking about something else and keep on the topic.
Datum 30
Violating maxim of quantity:
Quinn : “Any other projects on the horizon right now or...?”
Billie Joe : “Nope. Just rock and roll.”
Quinn : “You’ll see what happens.”
41
Billie Joe : “Hmm hm.”
Quinn : “Just rock and roll a tour, and uh... how about book? How
about a memoir?”
Billie Joe : “Um... I think maybe a fanzie, what if I did a fanzie? No one
asked me if I’d ever do a book but maybe if I did, like my journals
and like a xerox copy thing where I did it like once a month for
three years. Maybe I do something like that. Sounds like fun.”
In the piece of the conversation above, Quinn asked Billie Joe whether
he had another project to do. Then, she came to the last question that is Billie
Joe wanted to make such a book or memoir, and he answered with adding
additional information. Of course for those statements, he violated a maxim of
quantity. It is enough for him just only to said, “Um... I think maybe a fanzie,”,
rather than he gave a long answer and explained something.
Table 2. The Result of Violation a Maxim Cooperative Principles
No. Violate a Maxim Total
1 Maxim of Quantity 17
2 Maxim of Quality 3
3 Maxim of Relevance 6
4 Maxim of Manner 4
TOTAL 30
42
CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
After conducting the research and analyzing the problems, it can be
concluded that the participants – Billie Joe Armstrong and Brigitte Quinn –
violated all of the four maxims of cooperative principles. There was found
17 violations on the maxim of quantity (57%), 3 violations in the maxim of
quality (10%), 6 violations on the maxim of relevance (20%), and 4
violations on the maxim of manner (13%).
Billie Joe and Quinn violated the maxim of quantity by adding
unnecessary information to the sentence commonly to direct what their main
idea is. They also violated the maxim of quality by giving ambiguous and
false information to each other. Whereas the maxim of relevance was
violated only by Billie Joe by giving unmatched additional information with
the topic and/or his own statement. Moreover, both of Billie Joe and Quinn
violated the maxim of manner by interrupting each other’s statement before
they finished each of their speech. In addition, they were doing all of these
violations just to chit chat and deliver their main thought in order to make
the conversation more entertaining.
B. Suggestion
The writer would like to suggest the next researchers to study about
other types violation of speech acts to increase the knowledge about the
43
kinds of maxim. This study focused more in the violation of cooperative
principles such as maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of
relevance, and maxim of manner. Moreover, it is very important to have a
further understanding about the guidance and the rules of the conversation.
It would be better for the researchers who are interested in conducting
similar research to explore more deeply about speech act specifically the
cooperative principles.
44
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46
APPENDICES
Quinn : “We’re spending 22 minutes today with Billie Joe Armstrong of
course of Green Day fame and now a... a movie star.”
Billie Joe : “I... if you want to say that, that’s cool to me.” [laughter]
Quinn : “Maybe what I should say should be more specific. Your first really
starring role in a feature film called Ordinary World, I got to see last
night. Um... how did you come to be doing that project?”
Billie Joe : “Um... with the writer-director Lee Kirk, he... um... he approached
me with a script and I really I read it overnight and I really liked it
immediately so um... yeah we just sort of worked on it a little bit
together and um... yeah I really just, I fell in love with the character
that was great.”
Quinn : “No big surprise there he, Perry ...“
Billie Joe : “Perry.”
Quinn : “...he’s a lovable charatcter [laughter], he’s a former punk rocker.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah I ain’t – you know – full-time dad. Uh... I think um... the
thing I related to most was just that his how he um... how you
become so humble when you become a parent because it’s your uh...
you know, you put, put your kids and family before everything else
so that was the thing I kind of related to the most about him.”
Quinn : “Interesting, and you, you have two sons?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah 21 and 18.”
Quinn : “And they’re both musicians.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah that’s right.”
Quinn : “Right, and... the girl your daughter the older child...“
Billie Joe : “Uh um.”
Quinn : “...in the movie is a musician as well.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah.”
Quinn : “Yeah.”
Billie Joe : “I, I, you know, having kids and, and even he’s like hanging out
with, with Madisyn who played Salome in the movie like – there’s
a, she’s a really tallented tallented kid and I... we were able to sort
of talk about music and share. It’s almost like you can speak a
different language um... just it’s the language of rock and roll I
guess.”
47
Quinn : “Were you always able to speak that that language with your own
sons?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah we still do that even gets more intense now that – you know
– it’s like they show me a lot of things that they’re up to and what
theye’re listening to and uh... you know, my youngest Jakob is
becoming a really good songwriter and my, my oldest is the
drummer in a band called Swimmers and um... it’s great, it’s like
because they honestly love music and that’s what, that’s why I like
talking about it really.”
Quinn : “Did you ever have any reservation with them going into the biz?”
Billie Joe : “No, we never really talked about that stuff, I mean we talked about
it... uh... just in terms of what to be aware of, but I, it’s more about
um... loving music and uh... just kind, showing them some old stuff
that I’ve, I’ve listened to and they turn me on the stuff too.”
Quinn : “Hmm mm. Movie... um... shot here in new york city? Right? And
um... so Perry – your character – he’s… he kind of wants to have
this big party for his milestone birthday…” [Laughter]
Billie Joe : “Yeah.”
Quinn : “...and his buddy, Fred Armisen, tries to facilitate that. What was
it like working with Fred Armisen?”
Billie Joe : “Ow it was great, you know me and Fred actually we go back a lot
further than I thought we did, it’s like we... we played, his band
played with us and we in, we wouldn’t like Beloit Wisconsin at Elk’s
Lodge in 1991, so is I think we... we... our second record hadn’t
come out yet, but he was uh... yeah so it was just it was crazy just
how uh... full circle that we came and you know he’s such a great
drummer and...”
Quinn : “Yeah.”
Billie Joe : “...so such a great actor and so funny and um... obviously but yeah
it was great working with him.”
Quinn : “Yeah I missed him on SNL. Um... the four songs right? That are
original songs for the movie and um... did Fred play the drums on
those or...?”
Billie Joe : “Um... well we... we, the cool thing about this movie is like we
played everything live, so I had to get together with him and uh...
Lucas and um... Kevin to uh... and... and we rehearsed and it was
like a real band and you can hear like we got ended up getting pretty
tight, so yeah there’s four songs The Devil’s Kind, Ordinary World,
Body Bag, and um... I can’t think it’s been the one that’s top my
head.”
48
Quinn : “Will have to all, have to go back in google –“
Billie Joe : “Oh Fever Blister...“
Quinn : “Fever Blister [Laughter], okay.“
Billie Joe : “...that’s what I should call, yeah.” [Laughter]
Quinn : “And making movie so um... the other actors I should mention
Selma Blair of course you just had that great role as a Kriss Jenner
in the OJ movie I don’t know if you saw that at all but um... and
um... Judy Greer.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah.”
Quinn : “So what was it like working with them like did you... did you seek
out like acting advisory or we just like ‘now I get this guy I’m just
gonna play him naturally.’?”
Billie Joe : “Oh sure yeah I... I definitely uh… kind of fed off of them, I mean
Selma is a great actor she’s been in a lot of great movies and um...
so I was really excited working with her and Judy was um... she’s
an amazing actor so... and she made it really fun and like that, that
scene the scenes that we were in um... she was just really excited
and, and so was I and so I think the fact that we got along so well,
kind of made it like, so we had some pretty good chemistry.”
Quinn : “Hm hm, yeah it comes across on the screen it definitely does and...
so your character he’s turning 40, I don’t want to give too much
weight about it but he’s turning 40. Was at in your own life any kind
of uh... of crisis?”
Billie Joe : “Sure... why not, yeah [Laughter] I think it’s a little bit for
everybody um... yeah I think um... you know, I think it’s just sort of
when you, when you get to an age where you can look at back at
time and eras of where you’re at in your life, that’s when I think you
start going wow, this is uh... I’m, I’m getting up there but uh... um...
I don’t think the thing about the character was like yeah you have to,
when you have a family and you have kids there’s part of you that,
that um... sort of goes away um... but, but what I think that the
character find is like there’s something new about him that he’s
discovering everyday.”
Quinn : “Hm hm hm hm and there’s, there’s also a nice scene where his
friend tells him that he got to jam with McCartney.”
Billie Joe : [Laughter] “Yeah.”
Quinn : “And your cares like ‘uuuh’.”
Billie Joe : “Oh yeah, yeah.”
49
Quinn : “But in real life I, did you get to jam with McCartney I know I read
something that you um... you got you definitely got to hang out with
him at one of the Rock and Roll, Hall of Fame induction ceremonies
or... is that somebody who you ...?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, that’s...“
Quinn : “...collaborated with?”
Billie Joe : “...it’s a real thing about the whole thing was when the movie with,
when the movie was finished and it was edited and then Green Day
got inducted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, I was literally
jamming with Ringo and Paul McCartney um... and uh... it is just
crazy how I don’t know my, I have a weird life and I like it.”
[laughter]
Quinn : “What was that like jamming with them?”
Billie Joe : “It was like, I still can’t balieve it, um... Ringo is a really great
drummer um... and he’s uh... really solid and uh... jad let’s just from
looking at it for a musician’s standpoint is just to be able to hear him
up close and um... and not just on record and he’s fantastic and... and
Paul, I was just out there and pretty sure I can, I can barely
remember.”
Quinn : [Laughter] “Now, your, your drummer mike, right?
Billie Joe : “Tre.”
Quinn : “Oh Tre, sorry, um... wait it was mike then but that you met when
you were 10?”
Billie Joe : “That’s right.”
Quinn : “Okay so when, when you guys met at that age you know there’s
so much lore about Lennon and McCartney with a Metis teenagers,
and it was just like just lightning kind of striking when they met.
Was it like that for you two when you met that you like just
understood each other spoke the same musical language back and
you know that far back?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, I I think me and mike were both when we met were almost
uh... competing to be the class clown in the fifth grade and I think
when uh... we were uh... so what we found out is that we could be
clowns together and so we used to do things like we would make
these like we were DJs and... and you know talk like on these little
cassette tapes and it was really fun and then and eventually it turned
towards um... music like so some of the first conversations that we
have we’re talking about like different songs that we both liked and
uh... eventually we start a Green Day when we are 15 16 years old.”
50
Quinn : “Right... did you start writing the songs for Dookie when you were
at like 18? I mean it really young right?
Billie Joe : “Um... yeah I would say... at 20 and 21.”
Quinn : “Hm hm.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah and then the, the previous records... I was 15 16 years old
so we’ve been in spann forever.”
Quinn : “Hm alright. Now aside from the movie you’ve been doing a lot of
promotion of the new, the new album, um... what inspired you to do
this album?”
Billie Joe : “Um...”
Quinn : “Revolution Radio I would say for the name of it.”
Billie Joe : “Right, we took a long break after the last record came out and
um... I think we just, I didn’t want to push anything and I think and
that’s where inspiration really comes from because you, you let your
life unfold then suddenly you have these moments where like I wrote
two songs like one’s called Somewhere Now, the other one is Bang
Bang and then at that point I knew that it was like it’s time to get
Green Day going again, so uh... I think about like about a year and
a half later, I mean here we are now.”
Quinn : “Bang Bang is there I’ve read that, that was inspired by some of
the shooting some of the craziness that’s been going on in this
country now is that, is that true?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah I think I’m just sort of, ah... it’s hard to talk about just
because it’s so it could be really disturbing but um... I will, it’s yeah
it was about mass shooting and sort of what goes on in these sort of
social media manifestos that these uh... these um... wing nuts have,
have going on inside their heads and how we’ve just become like a
really american culture is like a become really violent so um... and
then sort of how I feel like with bridging that gap between that and
like terrorism and um... so it’s it’s uh... yeah it’s pretty disturbing,
really.”
Quinn : “And some of the other um... songs on the album was it was another
one inspired by a protest that you took part in in New York City?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah it was a Ferguson um... protest that was going on eight
avenue and uh... basically I saw it was the song Revolution Radio
and I just got out and walked with everybody.”
Quinn : “Hm what did all the songs on this album come to you very easily?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah I mean eventualy, I mean it takes time um... so I mean yeah
there’s like a song like uh... Still Breathing what it’s a song about
51
survival, there’s a lot of personal stuff that with it and looking at
your past and um... uh... you know something very similar to Perry
Miller I guess, you know.” [laughter]
Quinn : “Right. Personally you were on a hiatus for for a few years during
that period where you have preaching to get back on the road. Perry
has these flashes, these quick little flashes where he sees himself on
stage in the band when you were away from it for a while, did you
feel that way were you hitting it all to get back on the road or to get
back in the studio?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah everyday um... you have to take a break though because
um... at the time I was really burnt and I think um... me, I could say
that for speak for Mike and Tre also I think we’re all just we needed
time but um... and it’s but it’s hard to take time off for me like i was
uh... you start to get this feeling like... am I unemployed right now?
Or like what’s what do I do with myself? And so doing the movie
was one thing that, that was uh... a really I start challenging myself
in that way like and also I did um... wrote the song, songs for a
musical called These Paper Bullets and uh... so I found some things
that I could do but it eventually that it’s to be in Green Day is I had
to scratch it.”
Quinn : “Oh um... I also um... that there was an interesting diversion that
you took with doing the duet the Foreverly record with Norah
Jones.”
Billie Joe : “Oh yeah that was great, yeah.”
Quinn : “Yeah that was kind of different thing right I mean one, one
reviewer mentioned that he really get to hear really what a what a
great voice you have on that, on that album whereas maybe some of
the some of the other songs - you know - it’s still obvious but here
the voice is really showcased.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, thanks reviewer.” [laughter]
Quinn : “Yeah like that guy.”
Billie Joe : [Laughter] “I like that guy. Um... yeah I learned a lot from Norah,
she um... is a, is a powerhouse uh... she’s so diverse and you know
anything from country to jazz and uh... I approach to see if she uh...
wanted to do this record because I love the Foreverly, Reprise
Record called um... songs her daddy taught us and just to remake it
and you know do something different with it and uh... she was
game.”
Quinn : “Um... I think also what’s interesting you, you are able to shift
between these different genres or I don’t even know if you like to
label the different types of music you do but some of the slower
52
songs I was, I was driving down here um... and I was, I was listening
to Green Day like a shuffle play.”
Billie Joe : “Hahahaha.”
Quinn : “And sure enough I’m looking at the, the new tower, the new
freedom tower, just as Wake Me Up When September Ends and sent
that song um... I think a lot of people associate that with 911 and
they it has meaning for them because of that but that wasn’t what it
was meant to be about, was it...“
Billie Joe : “That was the first time I ever wrote about my father passing away
when I was a kid and um so it was, it was really heavy and it
happened, happens to be the same month as, as 9/11 and I think uh...
they’re, they’re having people that have sort of... sought comfort in
that song at a time where there’s a lot of tragedy so um... but I mean
it could mean that I mean that’s the beauty about music is that it has
the power to... I know, it’s different interpretations of it so...“
Quinn : “Right, right and the spesific can be very universal in the way.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah absolutely.”
Quinn : “Now um... American Idiot sort of a political concept album right
now but you didn’t do that with, with the new record Revolution
Radio.”
Billie Joe : “No, you know it’s funny because like in one hand it’s, it’s very
like every song kind of stands on it’s own, but like there’s a song on
there called Forever Now where I couldn’t help myself and I started
it like getting into sort of these wild arrangements and turning it into
some kind of uh... epic thing uh... so it’s uh... I can never stray too
far from doing uh... something that sounds like rock opera.”
Quinn : “Right, now is the timing purely coincidental that – you know – it’s
being released now just a month before the election.”
Billie Joe : “Um... it could be, it could be not but I think um... I, I mean I started
the record about two years ago and um... just that’s when the writing
start, it started and then um... so yeah I mean I guess the timing is
right if you... hehe, if you need to drown your sorrows with a good
record so...” [laughter]
Quinn : “Do you get political at all in in your concerts and in your
commentary between songs or in, in during sets?”
Billie Joe : “I have before, and uh... you can’t, you know with the song like
Holiday or American Idiot or uh... Revolution Radio it’s you know
it definitely reflects what’s going on in society so um... the thing is
things feel so toxic right now uh... with what’s going on that um... I
don’t like I watched the debates last night and I honestly almost feel
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ashamed of myself for watching it because I... it was just, it was just
a bad show you know, and like - so we played Webster Hall the
other, other night and people started kind of chanting different things
here and there and I wanted to get away from now, that I wanted to,
I wanted to remove myself from this.”
Quinn : “So were they chanting?”
Billie Joe : “Um...”
Quinn : “I don’t know you can say...“
Billie Joe : “I really say but –“
Quinn : “At least a chance against one candidate or the other?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah.”
Quinn : “Okay I can get the picture.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah and I just like - you know - let’s - you know - let’s this, this
is our own private underground right now where we can get away
from the madness and everybody just feel a little bit of unity and
some peace and love and... and self-respect, you know.”
Quinn : “Have a little fun enjoy some rock and roll music.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah.”
Quinn : “So um... you mentioned uh... Webster Hall you’ve been palying
like the smaller venues and then you start a North American tour in
March...“
Billie Joe “Some like that.”
Quinn : “...and I saw that you guys are coming to the Barclays um... you
know, Brooklyn of course.”
Billie Joe : “Shall yeah, I shall come.”
Quinn : [Laughter] “Um... is that, is that a strategy that you play this smaller
clubs and then go and do the big arenas? Or is it just, just kind of
turned out that way?”
Billie Joe : “I really like to play, like smaller venues sometimes just to like I
go right to the hardcore fans and I wouldn’t like pulling out a lot of
old material from, you know, songs that we haven’t played since we
are - you know - really young, so it’s uh... it’s been really fun and
then uh... so yeah then we get into the bigger, bigger places after
after that so...“
Quinn : “It must be nice though in the smaller venues.”
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Billie Joe : “Oh yeah, yeah it’s really fun, I mean it’s right, it’s even better and
bigger ones, it’s really fun.”
Quinn : “Yeah, and in one show I, I can’t recall when uh... exactly it was
you broke into like a classic, a classic rock medley I want to say like
Hey Jude and some...”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah.”
Quinn : “...some real classics. Do you do that... you do that from time to
time, you, the band just feels like...“
Billie Joe : “Yeah, I always said, tell people we can play about 10 seconds of
every song – you know – very classic song...“
Quinn : [laughter] “There’s your medley!”
Billie Joe : “Yeah good or bad – you know – so, it’s, it’s fun, uh... we – you
know – we met – you know – play a little bit of Satisfaction by
Rolling Stones and just have some fun.”
Quinn : “Hm hm. I heard you on um... another radio program that we were
talking about before we started our interview um... and heard you
talking about the song Welcome to Paradise and sort of a nod to your
days when you were – I don’t know, what is that they call them, it’s
all your days. Are you really essentially a squatter, right?”
Billie Joe : “Uhmm... more or less I wouldn’t say it was like a squatter, but
say, but yeah.”
Quinn : “But living in nothing nice –“
Billie Joe : “We like... we lived in squalor.”
Quinn : “You lived in the squalor.” [laughter]
Billie Joe : “Yeah we, it was a bunch of kids and we all lived in the same
warehouse and it was, I mean it wasn’t unlike living in the dorms
but it was just a lot more chaos and punk rock and a lot of
shenanigans so...”
Quinn : “But a very creative place to be?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, yeah absolutely, I mean they were an artists and musicians
and um... you know, punk rockers and in the hallways and there was
always something going on everyday.”
Quinn : “So during those lean years was there ever time when you said... ‘I
don’t know, I know if I can do this for a living’ or... or did you
always know... ‘no i, i have to be a musician.’”
Billie Joe : “I always knew I had to be a musician. I love, love playing um...
and, you know, and even if uh... if my career would have turned out
55
more like uh... Perry Miller from the movie, I think I would uh...
definitely do whatever I could any kind of job I could to support my
music habit, so...”
Quinn : “Yeah yeah, uh speaking of, of acting uh American Idiot obviously
bighead on Broadway, Tony’s, and Grammy’s and you did some
acting on stage there too. Is that, is it true that it’s going to be made
into a movie for HBO?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah, HBO picked it up and um... we’re all really excited and uh...
the process has begun.”
Quinn : “And will you be playing St. Jimmy?”
Billie Joe : “Yeah I think so.”
Quinn : “You will.”
Billie Joe : “Yeah.”
Quinn : “Okay.”
Billie Joe : “Better hurry, I’m not getting younger.”
Quinn : [Laughter] “Okay, but you know – I think –“
Billie Joe : “Yeah basically, yeah.”
Quinn : “Yeah, okay. Ordinary World now has that giving you more of the
acting bug, other than American Idiot. Are you now looking to
spread as an actor maybe?”
Billie Joe : “Um... yeah absolutely. I had a really great time and um... of course
Lee was such a great director, I had a really good time with him, so
yeah I mean I’m, I’m open I’m game for, for whatever comes my
way.”
Quinn : “Any other projects on the horizon right now or...?”
Billie Joe : “Nope. Just rock and roll.”
Quinn : “You’ll see what happens.”
Billie Joe : “Hmm hm.”
Quinn : “Just rock and roll a tour, and uh... how about book? How about a
memoir?”
Billie Joe : “Um... I think maybe a fanzie, what if I did a fanzie? No one asked
me if I’d ever do a book but maybe if I did, like my journals and like
a xerox copy thing where I did it like once a month for three years.
Maybe I do something like that. Sounds like fun.”