Take the works of Finney and Libermann as Example

27美育第156期 ▎JOURNAL OF AESTHETIC EDUCATION, NO.156

一、前言

J. & J. Bastien R. Pace Alfred

R. L. Finney

L. Liebermann

32 32 Piano Games 24 24

Inventions Youth's Companion

Album

for the Young

Analysis of Piano Works Used for Teaching in Late 20th Century in USA: Take the works of Finney and Libermann as Example黃芳吟Fung-Yin Huang國立高雄師範大學音樂系教授

焦點話題Focus Issue

28

二、芬尼

- - Ross Lee

Finney, Sr.

- C. Finney Upper Iowa University

1920 D.

Ferguson

1925 Carleton College

M. Sloss

A. Scriabin, 1872-1915

Finney, 1992, p.35

Finney, 1992, p.35

1927 Johnson Fellowship

N. Boulanger

A. Copland

1928 E. Hill 1931 1932

1952

Variations on a Theme of Berg for piano 1950

Apple-Monson,1986, p. 9 1

R. Session

A. Berg

Hitchens, 1996, p. 5

1929 Smith College

1949

G. Crumb

W. Albright R. Reynolds

60


1963

1962 Still Are New Worlds

1963

Three Pieces

R.

Ashley G. Mumnia Cooperative Studio

for Electronic Music in Ann Arbor

1942 1952 R. Kirkpatrick

C. F. Peters Corporation 60 Henmar Press

1973

1982 83

Alabama University

F. Goossen

Hexachord for Harpsichord Hitchens,

1996, p. 27

90

Erick Hawkins Company

1933 1981

32 24

1968-1981

12

24

122

3 32 1

32

— 24 —

32 1 14 15 20

— 2 — 3 4 7 8 — 9 — 13 —

15 16 19 — 21


30

1 10 22 28 32

1 27 30 32

28

3 6 7 8 11 22 32

15

9 12 31

30

20 28

20 28

1 22 28

22 25 29

29

31

表1 《32首鋼琴遊戲》特殊記譜法一覽表

譜例1 芬尼《32首鋼琴遊戲》，第8首，1-7小節

1

2 7 27

11 13

2 glizzando 17 32 1 22 29 30

32 14

24

24 Inventions, p.1

12 24 8 9 21 23

2 12

4 6 12

1 2 10 11 19 11


1. C,D,E,C#,Eb,F,F#,G,A,A#,B,G#

2. Bb,C#,B,C,A,G,D,F,Ab,E,F#,Eb 1-5

3. G,B,C#,D,C,A,Bb,G#,F#,E,Eb,F 1-4

4. C,Db,B,Eb,A#,G#,F,E,F#,D,G,A 1-5

5-8

5. Bb,D,Db,A,C,E,Gb,Ab,G,B,F,Eb 1-2

6. F#,C,E,A,B,D,Eb,C#,A#,Ab,G 1-2 F

7. C,F#,G,B,C#,D#,D,E,F,Ab,A,Bb 1-3

8.

9. E,F,G,D,Db,Eb,A,G#,F#,B,Bb,C 1-3

10. A,Bb,C,C#,D,Ab,Gb,F,E,G,Eb,B 1-6

11. E,Eb,F,D,F#,Db,G,C,G#,B,A,A# 1

12. C#,E,Eb,G,B,Bb,C,G#,A,F,F#,D 1-5

13. C,G,Ab,Gb,F,Eb,E,D,Db,B,Bb,A 1-3

14. A,Bb,Ab,G,F,Gb,Eb,E,C,C#,B,D 1-4

15. A,B,C,C#,D,Bb,Eb,F,F#,G,E,G# 1-5

16. C#,D#,E,F#,G,F,A,Bb, Ab,C,D,B 1

17. C,E,G,C#,F#,A#,D,F,A,B,D#,G# 1-4

18. D,E,C#,F,B,A#,G,G#,F#,A,C,Eb 1-4

19.

20. Eb,E,Db,F#,C,G,Bb,A,Ab,D,F,B 1-5

21.

22. C,E,B,F,A,G#,Db,D,G,Bb,Eb,Gb 1-4

23.

24. A,C#,F#,D#,G#,B,F,E,Bb,D,C,G 1-4

譜例 2 芬尼《32首鋼琴遊戲》第13首，24-25、32-36小節

表2 《24首創意曲》音高組織表


32

17 19

F,G,C,D FG-CD FC-GD 3 21

F,A, G 4

24

4-5

12

1. 1-3 2.

3. 3

2 3 5 1 4 5

表3 《年輕者的練習手冊》六聲音階表

1. C#,D,F,F#,G,G#

2. A,Bb,C#,D,F,F#

3. C,Eb,E,F#,G,A#

4. C,D,E,F#,G#,A#

5. C,D,E,F,G,A

譜例4 芬尼《24首創意曲》，第21首，9-12小節

譜例3 芬尼《24首創意曲》，第19首，1-4小節

三、黎伯曼

MTNA Yamaha Music Foundation

42

1961

R.

Schonthal 1987

D. Diamond V.

Persichetti J. Lateiner L. Halasz

Garner, 1997


譜例5a：芬尼《年輕者的練習手冊—山丘上的白頭翁花》，24-26小節

b：芬尼《年輕者的練習手冊—小鎮的垃圾聚集處》，44-46小節

1986

2001

- S. Hough

Gargoyle

1977 1987 Four Apparitions for Piano

polychordal tech-

niques

Album for the Young

43 A. Wilde 1993

68

D. Diamond

Huang, 1995

6

7


34

譜例6 黎伯曼《為年輕者》，第2首，10-14小節

8

5/4

9

10






四、結論

Dennis, 1999, p. 12-13

NSC 93-2411-H-017-004

■注釋

1 芬尼認為影響其風格改變因素有二：受教於貝爾格以及世界大戰對其人生態度的轉變 ─ "As a student of Alban Berg,I was given a pretty good instruction to the technique; I knew the technique and had been thinking about it for a longtime. So it was not a case of my sudden saying,” Well, now I am going to go into twelve-tone technique…."

2 To understand these games or puzzles is much less important than to learn to play the pieces well and play themmusically. It is better not to worry about the puzzle until after the piece has been learned. Then it may be fun to goback and figure out how the composer put the notes together. (24 Inventions, P.1)

3 全曲共五首，原文如下：1. Hawk over the Prairie 2. Pasque-flowers on the Hill 3. Jack Rabbit 4. The Town Dump 5.Riddle Song。

4 芬尼於作品序言中強調學習者自由創作的重要性：「Teachers should encourage students to improvise and if possi-ble to find a notation for what they have improvised」. (32 Piano Game, p. 1)


36


■參考書目

Apple-Monson, L. (1986). The solo Piano Music of Ross Lee Finney. D.M.A. Dissertation, Peabody Institute of the JohnHopkins University.

Dennis, Marie. (1999). The Life and Music of Lowell Libermann with an emphasis on his Music for the Flute and thePiccolo. D.M.A. document, University of Cincinnati.

Finney, R. L. (1992). Ross Lee Finney: Profile of a Lifetime. New York: C. F. Peters Corporation.Gann, Kyle. (1997). American Music in the Twentieth Century. New York: Schirmer Books.Garner, Michelle. (1997). Lowell Libermann: A Stylistic Analysis and Discussion of the Sonata for Flute and Piano,

Op.23, Sonata for Flute and Guitar, Op.25, and Soliloquy for Flute Solo, Op. 44. D.M.A. document, Rice University.Hitchens, S. (1996). Ross Lee Finney — A Bio-Bibliography. Connecticut: Greenwood Press.Huang, Fung-Yin. Transcription of Interview with Lowell Liebermann, July 15, 2005.Morgan, R. (1991). Twentieth-Century Music. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc..Nichols, Dean. (2000). A Survey of the Solo Piano Works of Lowell Libermann. D.M.A. document, University of Kentucky.Schwartz, Elliott. and Godfrey, Daniel. (1993). Music Since 1945: Issues, Materials and Literature. New York: Schirmer

Books.Strickland, Edward. (1991). American Composers. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

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Take the works of Finney and Libermann as Example

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