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Sustainable use of phosphorusCapturing the philosopher’s stonede Boer, M.A.

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Download date:07 Jul 2022

Sustainable use of phosphorus:capturing the philosopher’s stone

Marissa Adinda de Boer

Sustainable use of phosphorus:capturing the philosopher’s stone

Sustainable use of phosphorus: capturing the philosopher’s stone M

arissa A. de Boer

Sustainable use of phosphorus:

capturing the philosopher’s stone

Marissa Adinda de Boer

2019

The work described in this thesis has been funded by the European Union (Marie

Curie ITN SusPhos, Grant agreement No. 317404) and the Netherlands

Organization of Scientific Research (NWO/TTO) by a TTW Take-off grant.

Cover design: Elise de Boer & Marissa de Boer

Printed by: Ridderprint BV | www.ridderprint.nl.

ISBN 978-94-6375-260-2

Copyright © Marissa A. de Boer, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 2019.

Sustainable use of phosphorus:

capturing the philosopher’s stone

ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT

ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor

aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam

op gezag van de Rector Magnificus

prof. dr. ir. K. I. J. Maex

ten overstaan van een door het College voor Promoties ingestelde commissie,

in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Agnietenkapel

op vrijdag 25 januari 2019, te 10.00 uur

door

Marissa Adinda de Boer

geboren te Amsterdam

Promotiecommissie:

Promotor: dr. J. C. Slootweg Universiteit van Amsterdam

Copromotor: prof. dr. J.H. van Maarseveen Universiteit van Amsterdam

Overige leden: prof. dr. J. Grin Universiteit van Amsterdam

prof. dr. B. van der Zwaan Universiteit van Amsterdam

dr. J.R. Parsons Universiteit van Amsterdam

prof. dr. J. W. Erisman Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

prof. dr. O. Oenema Wageningen University &

Research

dr. R.J. Pistorius Universiteit van Amsterdam

Faculteit: Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica

On the dark night our lone alchemist was having no luck with his latest

experiments to find the philosopher’s stone. Like many before him he had been

investigating the golden stream, urine, and he was heating the residues from this

which he had boiled down to a dry solid. He stoked his small furnace with more

charcoal and pumped the bellows until his retort glowed red hot. Suddenly

something strange began to happen. Glowing fumes filled the vessel and from the

end of the retort dripped a shining liquid that burst into flames. Its pungent, garlic-

like smell filled his chamber. When he caught the liquid in a glass vessel and

stoppered it he saw that it solidified but continued to gleam with an eerie pale-

green light and waves of flame seemed to lick its surface. Fascinated, he watched it

more closely, expecting this curious cold fire to go out, but it continued to shine

undiminished for hour after hour. Here was magic indeed. Here was phosphorus.

13th element: The Sordid Tale of Murder, Fire, and Phosphorus by John Emsley

Table of Contents

Preface 9

Chapter 1 13

Phosphorus: Reserves, Production and Applications

Chapter 2 55

Struvite: Towards a Circular Phosphorus Economy. Correspondence on

Chen et al. Application of Struvite Alters the Antibiotic Resistome in Soil,

Rhizosphere, and Phyllosphere

Chapter 3 67

Uptake of Pharmaceuticals by Sorbent-Amended Struvite Fertilizers Recovered

from Human Urine and their Bioaccumulation in Tomato Fruit

Chapter 4 91

Phosphorus recovery potential from wastewater: Creating a viable pathway for

realizing a Circular Phosphorus Economy

Chapter 5 113

An assessment of the Drivers and Barriers or the Deployment of Urban

Phosphorus Recovery Technologies: A Case Study of the Netherlands

Chapter 6 159

The Confluence of the Multi-Level Perspective and the Institutional

Entrepreneurship Theory: A Case Study of the Phosphorus Transition

Summary 193

Samenvatting 199

Acknowledgements 205

List of Publications 209