Socio-economical and health crisis of people who are living the bank of narod river in Bangladesh

e¨envwiK M‡elYv cÖwZ‡e`b

M‡elYv wk‡ivbvg

Òbv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZ©x gvby‡li Av_©-mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Ae¯’v-

GKwU mgxÿvÓ

mgvRKg© wefv‡Mi 2009-2010 wkÿve‡l©i we.Gm.Gm (m¤§vb) cvU©-3 QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i cvV¨µ‡gi 309 bs

†Kv‡m©i m¤ú~iK wn‡m‡e M‡elYv Kvh©µgwU cwiPvwjZ nj|

M‡elYv ZË¡veavqK

W. ‡gv: dLiæj Bmjvg

cÖ‡dmi

mgvRKg© wefvM

ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq

ivRkvnx |

cÖwZ‡e`b Dc¯’vcbvq

‡gv: gvneyeyi ingvb

we.Gm.Gm (m¤§vb), cvU©-3

‡ivj bs: 10082476

wbeÜb msL¨v: 1991

wkÿvel©: 2009-2010

mgvRKg© wefvM


ivRkvnx

mgvRKg© wefvM

ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq,

ivRkvnx

gyLeÜ:

AvaywbK Rxeb hvÎvi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L RwUj Av_©-mvgvwRK, gb¯ÍvwË¡K I cvwicvwk¦©K mgm¨v mgvav‡bi

cÖ‡Póv ¸‡jv‡K weÁvbm¤§Z Dcv‡q hy‡Mvc‡hvMx K‡i †Zvjvi wbijm djkÖæwZ n‡jv mgvRKg©| eZ©gv‡b

wek¦e¨vcx GwU GKwU mvnvh¨Kvix †ckv wn‡m‡e ¯xK…Z| mgm¨v mgvavb †Kw› ªK †mevKvh© wn‡m‡e AvaywbK

mgvRK‡g©i KZK¸‡jv hy‡Mvc‡hvMx I ¯Zš¿ †g․wjK Ges mnvqK c×wZ i‡q‡Q| †Zgwb GKwU mnvqK

c×wZi bvg mvgwRK M‡elYv| mvgvwRK mgm¨vejx †gvKv‡ejvq mvgwRK M‡elYvi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

ejvi A‡cÿv iv‡L bv| `ÿ I †ckv`vi mgvRKgx©‡ì †Zv e‡UB, mgvRK‡g©i GKRb QvÎ wn‡m‡eI

GZ`msµvšÍ cVb-cvVb I avibv jvf GKvšÍB Riæix| mgvRK‡g©i Z…Zxq e‡l©i eënvwiK M‡elYvi Ask

wn‡m‡e Avgv‡ì M‡elYvi KvR wba©vib Kiv nq| GiB avivevwnKZvq Avgvi M‡elYvi welq wbe©vPb Kiv

nq| wbe©vwPZ welq nj Òbv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© gvby‡li Av_©-mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Ae ’v

GKwU mgxÿvÓ|

GKwU M‡elYvKg© mdj Ki‡Z h‡_ó Ávb I c~e© AwfÁZv _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| mgvRK‡g©i Z…Zxq e‡l©i QvÎ

wn‡m‡e M‡elYv Kv‡R h‡_ó AwfÁZv GLbI Abycw ’Z| weavq M‡elYv Kg©wU‡Z fzj ÎæwU _vKv A¯vfvweK

wKQz bq| AwaKš‘ gy ªbRwbZ ÎæwUI _vK‡Z cv‡i| Avwg Avgvi AwR©Z Ávb I Dcjwä Øviv wbLuyZ Ges

h_vm¤¢e wbf©jfv‡e Kivi mva¨gZ ‡Póv K‡iwQ| Avgvi wek¦vm Avgvi G M‡elYvKg©wU cieZx©‡Z hviv G

e¨vcv‡i M‡elYv Ki‡Z Avm‡e Zv‡ì mvgvb¨Zg n‡jI DcKv‡i Avm‡e; cvkvcvwk Avgvi G M‡elYv

fwel¨r Kvh©µ‡g Aby‡cÖiYv †hvMv‡e Ges cv‡_q n‡q _vK‡e| cwi‡k‡l GKRb ÿz‡` M‡elK wn‡m‡e G

M‡elYvKg©wUi ¯v_©KZv Kvgbv KiwQ|


‡ivj: 10082476

wkÿvel©: 2009-10

mgvRKg© wefvM


K…ZÁZv ¯^xKvi :

gvbyl gnvb Avjøvni m„wó| DËg hv ZvB gvby‡li AvPi‡Yi g‡a¨ †_‡K cÖKvk cvq| Avi ZvB cÖ_‡gB cig

KiæYvgq gnvb Avjøvni cÖwZ K…ZÁZv Ávcb KiwQ hvi A‡kl K…cvq Avwg Avgvi M‡elYvKg©wU †kl Ki‡Z

†c‡iwQ| mgvRKg© wel‡q AwR©Z ZvwË¡K Ávb‡K ev Í‡evwPZ, Kvh©Ki I cÖ‡qvM Dc‡hvMxKi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î

eënvwiK wkÿv Z_v gvV ch©v‡q nv‡Z Kj‡g wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ab¯xKvh©| msMZ Kvi‡YB G ai‡bi

`jxq M‡elYv Kvh©µg PvjyKib mgvRKg© wefv‡Mi GKwU mg‡qvwPZ c`‡ÿc| GRb¨ mgvRKg© wefv‡Mi

mswkøó mK‡ji cÖwZ K…ZÁZv Ávcb KiwQ|

G K_v ej‡j AZz¨w³ n‡e bv †h, `jxq M‡elYvi gZ GKwU RwUj, mgq I kÖgeva¨ KvR myPviæiƒ‡c m¤úbœ

Ki‡Z n‡j A‡bï mn‡hvMxZv Acwinvh©| Avgv‡ì G `jxq M‡elYv Kvh©µg m¤úv`‡b Avgv‡ì‡K kZ

e¨ ÍZvi gv‡SI mgq w`‡q, civgk© I w`K wb‡ ©kbv w`‡q we‡klfv‡e mn‡hvMxZv I ZË¡veavb K‡i‡Qb cig

kÖ×vfvRb m¨vi cÖ‡dmi W. †gv: dLiæj Bmjvg|

m‡e©vcwi K…ZÁZv RvbvB †mB mKj DËi`vZv‡ì hviv Avgv‡K wewfbœ Z_¨ w`‡q M‡elYv Kv‡R mn‡hvwMZv

K‡i‡Qb| †mB mv‡_ K…ZÁZv RvbvB G¨vj‡Kvnj cÖ ‘ZKvix hgybv wWwójvix †Kv¤úvbx, cÖvY †Kv¤úvbx I

bv‡Uvi myMvi wg‡j Kg©iZ Kg©Pvix‡ì hviv ~lY msµvšÍ wewfbœ Z_¨ w`‡q Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q| †mB

mv‡_ K…ZÁZv RvbvB mncvVx eÜz-evÜe, eo fvBqv I Avcy‡ì cÖwZ hviv wewfbœfv‡e M‡elYv Kv‡R Avgv‡K

Drmvn, Aby‡cÖiYv I mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb| GQvovI M‡elYv mswkøó wewfbœ Kg©m¤úv`‡bi A‡b‡KB cÖZ¨ÿ I

c‡ivÿfv‡e mn‡hvMxZv K‡i Avgv‡K K…ZÁZvi eÜ‡b Ave× K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡ì mKj‡K abëv` Ávcb K‡i

wkÿvbwek M‡elK wn‡m‡e mK‡ji †`vqv I fwel¨Z G ai‡bi Kg© m¤úv`‡b mK‡ji Aby‡cÖiYv I

mn‡hvwMZv Kvgbv KiwQ|


‡ivj: 10082476

wkÿvel©: 2009-10

mgvRKg© wefvM


mvims‡ÿc:

bv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© wZbwU MÖv‡gi RbM‡Yi wbKU †_‡K cÖvß Z_¨ we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq †h,

mswkøó GjvKvi RbM‡Yi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ GKwU Ask n‡”Q wb¤œe„Ë hv‡ì gvwmK Avq 1500-2000 UvKv Ges

kZKiv nvi 40%| AwaKvsk RbMY GLv‡b GKK cwiev‡i evm K‡i| hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 78.3%|

mv¤úª`vwqK m¤úªxwZ G mgv‡R we`¨gvb, cÖvq 93.3% RbMY GLv‡b Bmjvg a‡g©i Abymvix| AZ AÂ‡j

85% RbMb wkwÿZ hv‡ì 38.3% bvggvÎ ¯vÿiÁvb m¤úbœ|

eo eo evRvi¸‡jvi Kvi‡b GLv‡b eëmvi h‡_ó my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| Z‡e G MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z w`bgRy‡ii msL¨vI

Kg bq| G GjvKv¸‡jv‡Z 30.8% RbM‡Yi ‣e`ÿwZK myweav †bB| G GjvKvq m¨vwbUvivx j¨vwUªb

eënviKvixi nvi 69.2%| GLv‡b kZKiv 70 Rb †jvK‡K wewfbœ miKvix †emiKvix ms ’v †_‡K FY M ÖnY

Ki‡Z nq|

bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© 20.8% Rb‡Mvôx g‡b K‡i Zv‡ì GjvKvq gv`K mgm¨v i‡q‡Q| †h․Zz‡Ki c‡ÿ gZ

w`‡q‡Q kZKiv 25%, evj¨weev‡ni c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q kZKiv 15.8%, bvix wbh©vZ‡bi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q

kZKiv 15.8% RbMY|

AvaywbK mgvR eë ’vi cÖfv‡e eZ©gv‡b MÖvgxY mgv‡R we‡bv`‡bi e¨vcK cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q| AZx‡Zi gZ

bv‡iv` ZxieZx© RbMb Avi †Ljvayjv, N‡ivqv AvÇv‡K we‡bv`‡bi GKgvÎ gva¨g g‡b K‡i bv| †iwWI-

wUwf †`‡L gvbyl GLb Aemi mgq KvUvq| we‡bv`‡bi Drm wn‡m‡e †iwWI-wUwf MÖnYKvixi nvi GLv‡b

46.7%|

wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq cwi‡ek ` ~l‡Yi gva¨g wn‡m‡e cvwb ~l‡Yi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q AwaK msL¨K RbMY

cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b GLv‡b Wvqwiqv mn Ab¨vb¨ †ivM e„w× cv‡”Q Ges Zviv cÖwZKvi wn‡m‡e

G¨v‡jvc¨vw_K wPwKrmv‡K cQ›` Ki‡Q| b`xi bve¨Zv n«vm, widvBbvix eR©¨, myMiv wg‡ji eR©¨, †Lvjv

cvqLvbv, BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y bv‡iv` b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q| G ~lY AÎ AÂ‡j K„wl †ÿ‡Î †bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Q|

bv‡iv` b`xi cÖk¯ÍZv A‡bK K‡g †M‡Q Ges G b`xi MfxiZvI A‡bK Kg| G GjvKvi 38.3% RbMb

g‡b K‡i Kj-KviLvbvi e‡R© i mwVK eë ’vcbvi gva¨‡g b`x ~lY †iva Kiv m¤¢e| GQvovI ~lY †iv‡a

miKv‡ii mw`”Qv I h_vh_ AvB‡bi cÖ‡qvM wbwðZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

wewfbœ ai‡Yi cwi‡ekMZ I mgvwRK Am½wZi Kvi‡Y MÖv‡gi GB `wi ª Rb‡Mvôx wbZ¨‣bwgwËK cÖ‡qvRb

†gUv‡Z Ges cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡ì †g․wjK Pvwn`v c~iY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avi Gme mgm¨v we‡ePbv K‡i Zvi

mgvav‡bi Rb¨B †ek wKQz mycvwikgvjv Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q|

m~wPcÎ

c„ôv bs

cÖ_g Aa¨vq .............................................................................................................. .......1-8

1.1 f~wgKv............................................................................................................... ..................................1

1.2 M‡elYv mgm¨vi weeiY............................................................................................................................2

1.3 M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨................................................................................................. ...................................3

1.4 cÖvmw½K iPbvejx ch©v‡jvPbv.................................................................................... ..............................4-5

1.5 M‡elYvi †h․w³KZv................................................................................................................................6

1.6 M‡elYvq e¨eün cÖZ¨qmg~‡ni eY©bv....................................................................... ..................................7-8

wØZxq Aa¨vq ...................................................................................................................9-12

2.1 Abygvb MVb....................................................................................... ..................................................9

2.2 M‡elYv c×wZ.............................................................................................. .......................................9

2.3 GjvKv wbe©vPb............................................................................... .....................................................10

2.4 mgMÖK.......................................................................................................... ....................................10

2.5 bgybvqb............................................................................................................................................10

2.6 bgybvi AvKvi.................................................................................................... .................................11

2.7 M‡elYvi mxgve×Zv ............................................................................................. ...............................11

2.8 Z_¨ msMÖn c×wZ................................................................................................................................11

2.9 Z_¨ we‡kølY.................................................................................................................................................12

3„Zxq Aa¨vq: cÖvß Z_¨ Dc ’vcb I djvdj we‡kølY....................................................................................13-

38

PZz_©

Aa¨vq.........................................................................................................................................39-40

4.1 mycvwikgvjv................................................................................................... ..................................39

4.2 Dcmsnvi............................................................................. ...........................................................40

mnvqK

MÖš’cwÄ..................................................................................................................41

cwiwkó................................................................................................................... ...42-

43

mvÿvrKviAbym~Px.............................................................................................

cÖ_g Aa¨vq

1.1 f~wgKv:

evsjv‡`k `wÿY Gwkqvi GKwU `wi ª †`k| G †`k MÖvg cÖavb nIqvq emev‡mi Rb¨ Dchy³| KviY MÖv‡g

kn‡ii gZ evqy, cvwb ev kã ~lY Ges Puv`vevwRi gZ Acevag~jK KvR nq bv| A_P Am‡PZbZv, h_vh_

miKvix Kg©m~Pxi Afvemn wewfbœ Kvi‡Y G‡`‡ki MÖvg¸‡jv cÖwZwbqZ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK mgm¨vi

m¤§yLxb n‡”Q|

gvbyl mvgvwRK Rxe| mgv‡R evm Ki‡Z ‡h‡q gvby‡li bvbvwea mgm¨vi m„wó nq| Gme mgm¨vi AwaKvskB

Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki `vwi ªwK¬ó gvby‡li Dci Pig wech©q wn‡m‡e †`Lv †`q| GB †cÖÿvc‡U evsjv‡`‡ki †QvÆ

wZbwU MÖvg bv‡Uvi †Rjvi †Zevwoq, Rswj I †nvMjevwoqv MÖv‡g cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK mgm¨v we`¨gvb|

GLv‡b cyiæ‡li nvi cÖvq 51.65% Ges bvix‡ì nvi 48.35%| cÖvq A‡a©K msL¨K bvix _vKv m‡Ë¡I

mvgvwRK wewfbœ Abyôv‡b AskMÖn‡Yi nvi , wm×všÍ MÖnY ÿgZvq Zv‡ì e¨vcK Abycw ’wZ cwijwÿZ nq|

hv Dbœq‡b evav m„wó Ki‡Q| G MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z wkÿvi nvi 31.2% ( ethnic nationals: Santal, Buno)|

A_P Avgv‡ì †`‡k eZ©gvb mvÿiZvi nvi 57.9% (evsjv‡`k A_©‣bwZK mgxÿv-2012)| cÖ‡qvRbxq

wkÿvi Afv‡e GLv‡b RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ wewfbœ Kzms¯‥vi, KzcÖ_v, g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeÿq e¨vcKfv‡e cwijwÿZ

nq| G MÖvg¸‡jvi cvk w`‡q e‡q †M‡Q bv‡iv` b`x Avi b`xi cv‡kB M‡o D‡V‡Q wewfbœ wkí-KviLvb| hv

‡_‡K wbM©Z ~wlZ evqy I eR©¨ c`v_© b`x ZxieZx© RbM‡Yi Dci †bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Q|

cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ekMZ w`K we‡ePbvq ’vqxfv‡e y‡h©vMKewjZ, mvgvwRK gh©v`v wb¤œMvgx, kw³ I

ÿgZvKvVv‡gvi me©wb¤œ ¯Í‡i Ae ’v‡bi Kvi‡Y hyM hyM a‡i evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvg¸‡jv Gme Aïf cÖfv‡ei

wkKv‡i cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| MÖv‡g D™¢yZ G mKj cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK mgm¨v wPwýZ K‡i mgvavb Ki‡Z

cvi‡j evsjv‡`k my›ì n‡e e‡j Avgvi wek¦vm|

1.2 M‡elYv mgm¨vi weeiY:

bv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© gvby‡liv cÖwZwbqZ wK ai‡Yi mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡”Q Zv Avgiv †`Lv‡bvi

†Póv K‡iwQ| RvwZi mvgMÖxK Dbœqb ZLbB m¤¢e n‡e hLb cjøxi RbMY AvZ¥wbf©ikxj n‡e| A_P bv‡iv`

b`x ZxieZx© RbM‡Yi A_©‣bwZK y ©kv Kiæb| GLvbKvi 40% RbMb `vwi ªmxgvi wb‡P emevm K‡i|

`vwi ªZv †hb G gvbyl¸‡jvi eskxq HwZn¨| K…wl, PvKzix, eëmv, w`bgRyi wewfbœ †ckvi gvbyl GLv‡b gvm

†k‡l †Kvb mÂq Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| A_P wec`-Avc` ZvB e‡j Zv‡ì Qvo †`q bv| G¸‡jv FZy P‡µi gZB

Zv‡ì Rxe‡b G‡Ki ci GK †`Lv ‡`q| wbR¯ †ckv †ÿÎ †_‡K Zv‡ì †h Avq nq ZvB w`‡q Zv‡ì

†gUv‡Z nq msmvwiK LiP, †Q‡j-‡g‡qi †jLvcov wKsev †ivM-‡kvK wPwKrmvi LiP Gi mv‡_ KLbI KLbI

†`Lv †`q cÖK…wZ Zvi wefl© iƒc wb‡q| gv_vi Nvg cv‡q †d‡j †h ¯cœ Zviv •Zwi K‡iwQj Zv wb‡g‡lB

Avkvi †Pvivevwj n‡q hvq wK¯‘ Kivi wKQzB Zv‡ì _v‡Kbv|

bv‡iv` ZxieZx© G gvbyl¸‡jv wec`-Avc` wKfv‡e ‡gvKv‡ejv K‡i| Zv‡ì Rxe‡b GbwRI I Ab¨vb¨

miKvix ms ’v ev †emiKvix ms ’vi cÖfve wK Zv Rvbvi †Póv K‡iwQ Avwg G M‡elYvq| agx©q cÖv_©K¨,

mvgvwRK Íi web¨vm, eY©‣elg¨, mvgvwRK KvVv‡gv, wbZ¨ bZzb mvgvwRK mgm¨v wKsev cvwievwiK Kjn mn

BZ¨vw` cÖfve‡Ki Dcw ’wZ‡Z Zv‡ì cÖwZwµqv wK, AvPiYMZ w`K †Kgb, Zv‡ì g‡bvfve wK , Zviv

wKfv‡e Zv‡ì D®§v cÖKvk Ki‡Q, Ki‡j Kv‡K †`vlx Ki‡Q, Gi mgvavb wn‡m‡e Zviv wK ej‡Z Pv‡”Q

BZ¨vw` w`K Rvbvi †Póv K‡iwQ|

kZ e¨ ÍZv, Afve-AbUb, †kvK I yt‡Li gv‡S Zviv wK cvq †Kvb we‡bv`‡bi my‡hvM myweav Avevi Zv‡ì

AeKvk hvcb †Kgb Zv Avwg Rvb‡Z †P‡qwQ|

bv‡iv` b`x eZ©gv‡b fxlb fv‡e ~wlZ| b`x‡Z †hUzKy cvwb Av‡Q Zv b`x ZxieZx© bv‡Uvi myMvi wg‡ji

widvBbvix eR©¨ Øviv I cÖvY †Kv¤úvwbi eR©¨ Øviv ~wlZ n‡”Q| Gi ev¯Íe cÖfve wKfv‡e RbMY‡K Rxeb‡K

evavMÖ ’ Ki‡Q Zv Rvbvi †Póv K‡iwQ| b`x cvk¦©eZx© RvqMvq GKwU wWmwUjvix KviLvbv Av‡Q A_P †mLv‡b

†Zgb †Kvb K‡Vvi Z`viwK †Pv‡L covi gZb bq| †hUzKz Z`viwK †mUv ewnivMZ‡ì cÖ‡e‡ki †ejvq| GB

wWwójvix †Kv¤úvbx wb‡q b`x ZxieZx© gvby‡li †Nvi AvcwË| A_P Gme AvcwËi †Zgb †Kvb †Rviv‡jv

cÖgvY D³ RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q †Kv¤úvwb Dc ’vc‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv g‡b K‡i bv|

mvwe©Kfv‡e GB AbvnviwK¬ó gvbyl¸‡jvi ytL K‡ói mKiæY Kvwnbx, Afve Awf‡hvM I b`x ZxieZx© MÖv‡gi

cwi‡ekMZ Ae ’v Rvbvi Rb¨ cªZ¨ÿfv‡e Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡ì Afve-Awf‡hvM ¸‡jvi

KZK¸‡jv Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì AÁZvi dmj cwikÖgnxbZvi dj Avevi KZK¸‡jv Zviv c‡ivÿfv‡e

fz³‡fvMx|

evsjv‡`‡ki cjøx Dbœq‡bi cÖavb kZ© n‡jv K…wli Dbœqb| bv‡iv` ZxieZx© RbRY, b`x Zx‡i K…wlKvR K‡i

wKbv, b`xi bve¨Zv n«vm Zv‡ì Ab¨ K…wl Rwg Pv‡l mgm¨v m„wó Ki‡Q wKbv Avevi Zviv mmKvix †Kvb

my‡hvM-myweav DbœZ K…wl exR, mvi, ‡mP e¨vcv‡i cv‡”Q wKbv Zv Rvbvi †Póv K‡iwQ| GQvovI Zv‡ì

wPwKrmv, weï× cvwbi eë¯’v, m¨vwb‡Ukb myweav, †ckv cwieZ©b, Av‡m©wbK ~lY, K…wlc‡Yï b¨vh¨ g~j¨

cÖvwß, †hvMv‡hvM, ~‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv eë ’v wKsev ¯-D‡`¨vMx KzwUi wkí m¤ú‡K© wek`fv‡e Rvbvi †Póv

K‡iwQ I Z_¨ msMÖn K‡iwQ|

1.3 M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨:

mywbw ©ó jÿ¨ D‡Ïk¨ e¨ZxZ †Kvb KvRB mdjZv jvf K‡i bv| Avi M‡elYv Ggb GKwU KvR hvi mywbw ©ó

jÿ¨ D‡Ïk¨ i‡q‡Q| mvwe©K mgm¨v‡K mvg‡b †i‡L Avwg M‡elYv KvRwU cwiPvjbv K‡iwQ| Z‡e G

M‡elYvi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ bv‡iv` b`x I b`x ZxieZx© GjvKvi RbM‡bi Rxebaviv m¤ú‡K© Rvbv|

mvaviY D‡Ïk¨:

bv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x m¤ú‡K© I Gi ZxieZx© emevmiZ gvby‡li Av_©-mvgvwRK I

cwi‡ekMZ Ae ’v m¤ú‡K© Rvbv|

mywbw ©ó D‡Ïk¨vejx:

bv‡iv` b`x, b`x ZxieZx© MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z emevmiZ gvby‡li mvgvwRK Ae ’v I eë¯’vq ‡Kvb

cÖfve †dj‡Q wKbv Zv Rvbv;

cwi‡ekMZ Ae ’v, A_©‣bwZK Z_v K…wl‡ÿ‡Î †Kvb mgm¨vi m„wó Ki‡Q wKbv Zv Rvbv;

D³ gvbyl¸‡jv G mKj mgm¨v wKfv‡e †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Q Ges wKiæc mgvavb cÖZ¨vkv

Ki‡Q Zv wPwýZ Kiv;

1.4 cÖvmw½K iPbvejx ch©v‡jvPbv:

M‡elYv mgm¨v mbv³KiY, we‡kølY I mgvav‡bi c_ evwni Ki‡Z n‡j cÖvmw½K eBcÎ I Ab¨vb¨ mvwnZ¨

msµvšÍ welq¸‡jv cy•Lvbycy•Liƒ‡c †`LvB mvwnZ¨v chv©‡jvPbv| mvgvwRK M‡elYvi †ÿ‡Î mvwnZ¨ chv©‡jvPbv

Acwinvh© welq wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ| bv‡Uvi †Rjvq Aew¯’Z bv‡iv` b`x †QvÆ GKwU b`x | G b`x m¤úwK©Z

iPbvejxi msL¨v LyeB bMb¨| ZeyI bv‡Uvi †Rjvq Aew¯’Z Ab¨vb¨ b`x I gvby‡li Rxebaviv m¤úwK©Z wKQz

iPbvejx Zz‡j aivi †Póv K‡iwQ|

The South-Asian region is one of the most populous regions of the world.

About half of this region is covered by the basins of three of the largest

rivers of the world namely: the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghna.

This area covered by the basins of the three rivers termed as GBM region

comprises parts of China, India, Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh. Ironically,

the GBM region is among the poorest and most depressed in the world

despite its rich natural endowments of land, water and people. A large

number of people of the area live below poverty line. Land man ratio and per

capita food grain availability are steadily declining. (South Asian Network for

Social &Agricultural Development (SANSAD), 2nd

Floor, p-78 South Extention Part-II,

New Delhi-110049, India

Md. Ekramul Haque and Md. Sarwan Johan (1996) Zuv‡`i M‡elYvq e‡jb, Òeqm,

Kg© AwfÁZv , Kg©`ÿZv, c`gh©v`v bq eis Avq gvby‡li Kg© †cªiYvi cvi`wk©Zv‡K evwo‡q w`‡Z

mvnvh¨ K‡iÓ| bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© GjvKvi GB `wi ª gvby‡li Avq LyeB mxwgZ| Avi GB mxwgZ

Av‡qi Kvi‡Y Zviv wewfbœ w`K †_‡K ewÂZ nq| hvi Kvi‡b w`‡b w`‡b GB gvbyl¸‡jv Zv‡`i

Kg©‡ÿ‡Î †h `ÿZv Av‡Q Zv nvwi‡q †dj‡Q|

nK, †gv. G (1999) Òbv‡Uvi †Rjvi cvwb eë¯’vcbvi GKwU mgxÿvÓ Zuvi M‡elYvq cvwb ZvwË¡K

welqvejx, mvs¯‥…wZK µgweKvk, cvwb m¤ú‡ì eY©bv, b`x eë¯’v, cvwb wb®‥vkb eë¯’v BZ¨vw`

D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| G mgxÿvi gva¨‡g bv‡Uvi †Rjvi b`x¸‡jvi mvgMÖxK GKwU wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q| Gi

gva¨‡g bv‡iv` b`x mswkøó wewfbœ Z_¨ cvIqv hvq|

M. Akhtamuddin Zuvi cÖe‡Ü D‡jøL K‡ib, †h †Kvb cÖkvmwbK GK‡K Drcv`bkxjZvi

mdjZv wbf©i K‡i kaygvÎ kÖwgK‡ì Avw_©K gRyix bq cÖK…wZ gRyixmn ¯v¯’¨MZ I mvgvwRK my‡hvM

myweav, wkÿv I Drcv`b eë¯’v‡K MwZkxj K‡i| A_ ©vr Drcv`b eë¯’vi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ Av_©-

mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Ae¯’vi ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg|

M. Anisuzzaman Zuvi ÒPhilosophy vision and raclity of the fourth five year

plan” G e‡jb, evsjv‡`k cÂ evwl©Kx cwiKíbvi jÿ¨ hZB EaŸ©gyLx †nvK bv †Kb †eKvi‡Z¡i

mv‡_ mv‡_ •elg¨ wØ¸b nv‡i i‡q‡Q| d‡j evsjv‡`‡ki Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡bi b¨vq bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZ©x

GjvKvi `wi ª gvbyl kni GjvKvq wM‡q SuywKc~Y© Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Q|

Samad, Md. A (1995) Gi †jLv “A study of water quality of different bvgK

cÖe‡Ü wewfbœ cÖKvi b`xi cvwbi ¸bMZ gv‡bi K_v D‡jøL‡hvM¨|

AveŸvm, we. Gg (1985) Gi †jLv Òevsjv‡`‡ki cvwb m¤ú`Ó evsjv‡`‡ki cvwbi eënvi

cwiKíbv ev Íevqb I fwel¨r djvdj welqK gšÍe¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨|

Avgvi G M‡elYvi mv‡_ mswkøó eB cy¯ÍK, Rvb©vj, cÖeÜ †_‡K Avwg A‡bK avibv †c‡qwQ hv Avgv‡ì

M‡elYv KvR‡K GwM‡q wb‡q †h‡Z mnvqZv K‡i‡Q| wewfbœ M‡elYv mvwnZ¨ ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i ‡`Lv hvq †h,

mvwe©Kfv‡e bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© GjvKvi RbM‡bi Av_-mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Ae ’v m¤ú‡K© Z‡_ï

NvUwZ Av‡Q| †m¸‡jv c~i‡Y m‡Pó n‡qwQ|

1.5 M‡elYvi †hŠw³KZv:

‡h‡nZz evsjv‡`k GKwU MÖvgcªavb †`k †m‡nZy G‡`‡ki MÖvgxY mgm¨v m¤ú‡K© Rvbv GKvšÍ Avek¨K| KviY

MÖv‡gi wewfbœ mgm¨v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡j Zvi mgvav‡bi D‡`¨vM †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i hv G‡`‡ki Dbœq‡b

Ae`vb ivL‡e|

k¨vgj evsjvi m‡M․ie HwZn¨ Zvi cjøxMÖvg| Avi †mUv hw` b`x ZxieZx© †Kvb MÖvg nq Zvn‡j †Zv Zvi

†m․›`h© wj‡L cÖKvk Am¤¢e n‡q `vovq| bv‡iv` b`x‡Z c~‡e© eo eo †b․Kv PjvPj KiZ| G †b․Kv¸‡jv

•`bw›`b wbZ¨ mvgMÖxmn hvZvqv‡Zi cÖavb gva¨g wQj| A_P AvR G b`x‡Z bve¨Zv n«vm †c‡Z †c‡Z cvwb

Zjvwb‡Z G‡m †V‡K‡Q| GB ¯í cwigvc cvwb Avevi wgj I KviLvbvi eR©¨ c`v_© Øviv fxlYfv‡e ~wlZ I

Kv‡jv i‡O iwÄZ|

bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© RbM‡Yi „wófw½ AvPvi-AvPiY, AZxZ I eZ©gvb mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Ae ’v G

M‡elYvwU Rvbvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡q‡Q G M‡elYvwU| c~‡e© G ai‡bi M‡elYv cwiPvwjZ n‡jI bv‡iv` b`x

ZxieZx© MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z Av_©-mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Ae¯’v m¤ú‡K© M‡elYv n‡qwQ wKbv G m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq

bv| wbZ¨ bZzb m„ó RwUj mvgvwRK mgm¨v, ~wlZ cwi‡ek, wewfbœ `k©b wKsev PvKzixi cÖZ¨vkv I wew”Qbœ

Rxe‡bi wbðqZv G MÖv‡gi gvbyl‡`i wKfv‡e cÖfvweZ Ki‡Q Zv G M‡elYvq †LuvRvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GiB †cÖwÿ‡Z GwU miKvi, cÖkvmb, bxwZ-wba©viK, GbwRI mn mKj Í‡ii cwiKíbv we`M‡Yi Kv‡Q

mgm¨v mgvav‡b gva¨wgK Z‡_¨i Drm wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e e‡j Avgvi wek¦vm|

myZivs Dc‡iv³ KviY¸‡jv we‡ePbv K‡i ej‡Z cvwi †h, GB M‡elYvwU †h․w³K I ¸iæ‡Z¡i `vwe`vi|

1.6 M‡elYvq eëüZ cÖZ¨qmg~‡ni e¨vL¨v:

M‡elYvi mv‡_ mswkøó wewfbœ welq m¤ú‡K© cwi®‥vi aviYv _vKv Avek¨K| G Kvi‡bB wb‡¤œi welq¸‡jv Zz‡j

aiv n‡jv-

bv‡Uvi ‡cŠimfv :

bv‡Uvi †c․imfv 1993 mv‡j cÖwZwôZ nq| Gi AvqZb 15.05 eM©wK‡jvwgUvi| RbmsL¨v cÖvq 72615

Rb| cyiæ‡li msL¨v 51.57% Ges bvixi msL¨v 48.43%| bv‡Uvi †c․imfv 9wU IqvW© Ges 33wU gnjøv

wb‡q MwVZ| RbmsL¨vi NbZ¡ cÖwZ eM©wK‡jvwgUv‡i 4825 Rb| AvjvBcyi, KvbvBLvjx, wbPvevRvi,

†Zevwoqv, †nvMjevwoqv G †c․imfvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ GjvKv| (m~Î: evsjvwcwWqv)

bv‡iv` b`x:

evsjv‡`‡k AmsL¨ b`x Rv‡ji gZ Qwo‡q Av‡Q| Avgv‡ì †`‡k †QvU eo wgwj‡q b`x Av‡Q 230wU| Zvi

g‡a¨ bv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x GKwU| bv‡iv` cÙvi GKwU Dcb`x| G b`x ivRkvnx †Rjvi PviNvU †_‡K

Drcbœ n‡q bv‡Uvi †c․imfvi cvk w`‡q ywU kvLvq wef³ n‡q e‡q †M‡Q| GKwU kvLv †kl n‡q‡Q

eonwikcy‡i| Avi Ab¨ kvLvwU aivB‡ji cvk w`‡q Pjbwe‡j wgwjZ n‡q‡Q|

Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae¯’v:

mgv‡R myôzfv‡e Rxeb hvcb Kivi Rb¨ Ges GKRb †hvM¨ bvMwiK n‡q M‡o IVvi Rb¨ Av_©-mvgvwRK

Ae ’vi cÖfve Amxg| Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae ’v †h †Kvb mgv‡Ri mv‡_B Awe‡”Q`¨fv‡e RwoZ GKwU welq|

Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae ’v ej‡Z †Kvb mgv‡Ri Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ mswkøó Avq-e¨q, †fvM-wewb‡qvM, mvgvwRK

g~j¨‡eva Ges Zrmswkøó wel‡q KiYxq Ges †mB mgv‡Ri wewfbœ Acms¯‥…wZ ~i K‡i evwÂZ ev Kvw•LZ

mgvR MV‡b mgv‡Ri mvwe©K eë ’v‡K eySvq|

cwi‡ekMZ Ae¯’v:

gvbyl Pvicv‡ki †h mymvgÄm¨ Ae¯’vi g‡a¨ †e‡o I‡V ZvB cwi‡ek| cwi‡ek ej‡Z wewfbœ Dcv`vb †hgb:

gvU, cvwb, evqy‡K eySvq| my¯’ , my›ì I ~lYgy³ cwi‡ek gvby‡li Rxeb I RxweKvi AMÖMwZ mvab K‡i|

Avevi GB cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡bB wewfbœ †fvMvwšÍ †`Lv †`q| †Kvb mgvR ev MÖv‡gi cwi‡ekMZ Ae ’v

mvwe©Kfv‡e BwZevPK I ‡bwZevPK Dfq cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i|

myMvi wgj:

bv‡Uvi †Rjvq ywU myMvi wgj Aew¯’Z| GKwU n‡jv b_© †e½j myMvi wgjm wjt Avi Ab¨wU n‡jv bv‡Uvi

myMvi wgjm wjt| bv‡Uvi myMvi wgjm wjt 1985 mv‡j cÖwZwôZ nq †hwU bv‡Uvi mì Dc‡Rjvq Aew¯’Z|

bv‡Uvi kni †_‡K G wg‡ji ~iZ¡ 2.5 wK‡jvwgUvi|

hgybv wWwójvix:

hgybv wWwójvix wjt hgybv MÖæ‡ci KviLvbvq eëüZ G¨vj‡Kvnj cÖ ‘ZKvix cÖZôvb| GwU 1995 mv‡j

cÖwZwôZ nq| Gi Ae ’vb bv‡Uvi myMvi wg‡ji cv‡k| G †Kv¤úvbx †_‡K wbM©Z †auvqv I eR © c`v_© bv‡iv`

b`x‡K ~wlZ Ki‡Q|

cÖvY †Kv¤úvbx:

cÖvY G‡MÖv wjt bv‡Uvi mì Dc‡Rjvi GKWvjv‡Z Aew ’Z| G †Kv¤úvbx 2005 mv‡j cÖwZwôZ nq| G

†Kv¤úvbx wewfbœ Lv`¨ ªe¨ ‣Zix K‡i|

wØZxq Aa¨vq

2.1 Abygvb MVb:

Av_©-mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Ae¯’v RbM‡bi Rxe‡b †bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Q|

RbMb cwi‡ek I mgvR m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb bq|

bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ekI ~wlZ n‡”Q|

2.2 M‡elYv c×wZ:

M‡elYv c×wZ n‡”Q †h †Kvb M‡elYvi cÖvY| †Kvb mvgvwRK M‡elYvq c×wZMZ cÖwµqv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

welq| mgvRweÁv‡bi fvlvq h‡_vchy³ †K․k‡ji gva¨‡g mZ¨ Dc¯’vc‡bi cš’vB n‡jv M‡elYv c×wZ|

‡Kvb GKwU M‡elYvi †¶‡Î wK ai‡bi c×wZ eënvi Kiv n‡e Zv wbf©i K‡i M‡elYvi welq, aib,

M‡elYvi GjvKv, †jvKmsL¨v cwiw ’wZ BZ¨vwì Dci| M‡elYvi mvdj¨ wbf©i K‡i msM„wnZ wbf©i‡hvM¨

Z‡_ï Dci| G M‡elYvi Rb¨ mvgvwRK Rwic c×wZ h_v_© e‡j g‡b Kwi| ZvB GB c×wZ‡Z M‡elYv

KvR m¤úbœ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

AvaywbK mgvRM‡elYvq RbwcÖq I e¨vcK cÖPwjZ Z_¨vbymÜv‡bi †K․kj nj mvgvwRK Rwic| mvaviYfv‡e

Rwic ej‡Z †Kvb NUbv ev welq m¤ú‡K© miRwg‡b Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv‡K †evSvq| Rwic c×wZ †Kvb

†f․MwjK AvKvi RbemwZi a¨vb aviYv, gvbeRxe‡bi mswkøó wewfbœ mvgvwRK welqvw` m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ msMÖn‡i

†K․kj‡KB wb‡ ©k K‡i| Avi G Rb¨ mvgvwRK Rwic c×wZ h_v_© e‡j MÖnY K‡iwQ|

2.3 GjvKv wbev©Pb:

bv‡Uvi ‡Rjvi AšÍM©Z bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© bv‡Uvi m`i Dc‡Rjvi wZbwU IqvW© AÎ M‡elYvi Rb¨ wbev©wPZ

GjvKv | D‡Ïk¨g~jKfv‡e GjvKv wbe©vPb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

2.4 mgMÖK:

bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© 3wU MÖv‡gi †gvU cwievi msL¨v 857wU| GB 857wU cwievi Avvgvi M‡elYvi mgMÖK

Ges cÖ‡Z¨K cwievi cÖavb mgMÖ‡Ki GK GKwU GKK|

2.5 bgybvqb:

G M‡elYvq eûgyLx ÍwiZ bgybvqb c×wZ (Multi-stage Sampling) eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| mgMÖK n‡Z

cªwZwbwaZ¡kxj Ask wbe©vPb Kiv‡K bgybv e‡j| Avi bgybv msMÖ‡ni cÖwµqv n‡jv bgybvqb| hLb av‡c av‡c

bgybv wbev©Pb Kiv nq Zv‡K eûgyLx ¯ÍwiZ bgybvqb e‡j| G M‡elYv Kv‡R 120wU bgybv wbe©vPb Kiv

n‡q‡Q| cÖ_‡g bv‡Uvi †Rjvi 6wU Dc‡Rjv †_‡K D‡Ïk¨g~jKfv‡e 1wU Dc‡Rjv wbev©Pb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

wØZxqZ Dc‡Rjv †_‡K D‡Ïk¨g~jKfv‡e 3wU IqvW© wbev©Pb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z„ZxqZ 3wU IqvW© †_‡K †gvU 14

wU MÖv‡gi g‡a¨ †_‡K mij •èPq‡bi (Simple Random Sampling) gva¨‡g 3wU MÖvg wbev©Pb Kiv

n‡q‡Q| cwi‡k‡l cÖwZwU MÖv‡gi 40wU cwiev‡ii cÖavb‡K mij •èPq‡bi gva¨‡g bgybv wn‡m‡e a‡i 120

Rb‡K bgybv wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

2.6 bgybvi AvKvi :

eûgyLx ¯ÍwiZ bgybvq‡b (Multi-stage Sampling) mij ‣è Pq‡bi (Simple Random

Sampling) gva¨‡g 120 Rb cwievi cÖavb‡K bgybv wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| †gvU mgMÖ‡Ki 14%

nIqvq GwU cÖZ¨vwkZ bgybvi AvKvi wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ| mxwgZ A_©, mgq Ges e¨w³MZ cÖ‡Póvq G bgybv

Øviv M‡elYv cwiPvjbv Kiv mnR|

2.7 M‡elYvi mxgve×Zv:

M‡elYvKg© n‡”Q GKwU mymse×, mgq mv‡cÿ, A_©-mv‡cÿ, I kÖgmva¨ Ges AwfÁZvj× welq| ZvB

M‡elYvKg©wU cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ `xN© mgq, cªPzi A_©, kÖg I AwfÁZv cÖ‡qvRb nq| Avwg njvg GKRb

wkÿvbexk QvÎ| Z…Zxq e‡l© Avgvi M‡elYvK‡g© nv‡ZLwo| M‡elYv †h‡nZ z AwfÁZvjä, Ávbjä welq ZvB

GKRb wkÿvbexk QvÎ wn‡m‡e G wel‡q Avgvi Dchy³ Ávb I AwfÁZvi Afve Ges mg‡qi ¯íZv

i‡q‡Q| †mB mv‡_ cÖ‡qvRbxq A‡_©iI Afve i‡q‡Q|

ZvQvov M‡elYv msµvšÍ Z_¨ msMÖni D‡Ï‡k¨ Avgvi M‡elYvi Rb¨ †h MÖvgxY GjvKv wbe©vPb Kiv n‡qwQj

†mB GjvKvi AwaKvsk ‡jvK `vwi ª, AwkwÿZ I Am‡PZb| ZvB M‡elYv msµvšÍ Z_¨ msMÖ‡nI mxgve×Zv

†`Lv †M‡Q|

2.8 Z_¨ msMÖn c×wZ:

G M‡elYv Kv‡R cÖZ¨ÿ mvÿvrKvi c×wZ eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvÿvrKvi MÖnYKv‡j evsjv fvlvq wjwLZ

KvVv‡gve× cÖkœc‡Îi gva¨‡g Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q| MÖv‡gi mvavib gvby‡li w`‡K jÿ¨ †i‡L cÖkœc‡Îi

fvlv h‡_ó mnR-mij ivLvi †Póv K‡iwQ| G M‡elYvq Ave× cÖkœ eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| M‡elYvi myweavZ©

cÖkœcÎ‡K wZbwU fvM fvM K‡i Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g As‡k i‡q‡Q DËi`vZvi mvaviY Z_¨vejx|

†hLv‡b DËi`vZvi bvg, eqm, wVKvbv D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| wØZxq As‡k i‡q‡Q DËi`vZvi Av_©-mvgvwRK

Ae ’v mswkøó wewfbœ cÖkœvejx Ges Z…Zxq As‡k i‡q‡Q bv‡iv` b`x I cwi‡ek m¤úwK©Z wefbœ cÖkœvejx|

2.9 Z_¨ we‡klY:

mwVKfv‡e Z_¨ we‡køl‡Yi Dci M‡elYvi mdjZv A‡bKvs‡k wbf©i K‡i| Avwg G M‡elYvq Z_¨ we‡køl‡Y

Kw¤úDUvi cÖhyw³i mvnvh¨ wb‡q‡Q| cÖ_gZ wbe©vwPZ GjvKv †_‡K msM„nxZ Z_¨ †kÖYxe×KiY K‡i mvgvwRK

M‡elYvq eûj eëüZ Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS)-16 program G

mvwR‡qwQ| G program Gi mvnv‡h¨ Z_¨mg~‡ni cwimsL¨vwbK wewfbœ welq †hgb-‡kÖYxKiY, MYmsL¨v

wb‡ekb, kZKiv Ges Bar chart I Pie chart ‡ei K‡iwQ| cieZx©‡Z we‡køwlZ Z_¨vejxi mvnv‡h¨

Microsoft Word-2007 Gi gva¨‡g Dc ’vcb K‡iwQ|

Z…Zxq Aa¨vq

cÖvß Z_¨ Dc¯’vcb I djvdj we‡kølY:

mviYx 3.1

DËi`vZvi gvwmK Avq msµvšÍ Z‡_¨i web¨vm:

evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡bi evrmwiK gv_vwcQz Avq 848 gvwK©b Wjvi (m~Î: evsjv‡`k A_©‣bwZK mgxÿv

2012)| mviwY 3.1 n‡Z †`Lv hv‡”Q †h 48 R‡bi gvwmK Av‡qi mxgv (1500-3000) hvi kZKiv nvi

40%| 30R‡bi Av‡qi mxgv (3001-4500) hvi nvi kZKiv 25%| 15 R‡bi Av‡qi mxgv (4501-

6000) hvi nvi kZKiv 12.5%| 27 R‡bi Av‡qi mxgv 6000+ A_©¨vr 6000 UvKvi AwaK hvi nvi

kZKiv 22.5%|

Dc‡iv³ Z_¨ n‡Z cÖZxqgvb nq †q, bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© †ewkifvM gvbyl wb¤œe„Ë I ga¨e„Ë †kÖYxi|

Perce

nt

40

30

20

10

0

6000+4501-60003001-

4500

1500-

3000

22.50%

12.50%

25.00%

40.00%

Av‡qi mxgv MYmsL¨v kZKiv nvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

1500-3000 48 40.0 40.0

3001-4500 30 25.0 65.0

4501-6000 15 12.5 77.5

6000+ 27 22.5 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx 3.2

DËi`vZvi cwiev‡ii aib m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vejx:

cwiev‡ii aib MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

GKK 94 78.3 78.3

‡h․_ 26 21.7 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx 3.2 n‡Z cÖvß djvdj we‡kølY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq, bv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© 120 R‡bi

g‡a¨ 94 Rb GKK cwiev‡i emevm K‡i hvi nvi kZKiv 78.3%| 26 Rb †h․_ cwiev‡i emevm K‡i

hvi nvi kZKiv 21.7%|

Dc‡iv³ mviYx †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, knivqb I bMivq‡bi cÖfve MÖvgxY Rxe‡bI jvM‡Q| hvi d‡j

MÖvgxY wPivPwiZ †h․_ cwievi †f‡½ GKK cwievi ‣Zwi n‡”Q|

21.67%

78.33%

‡ h․_

GKK

mviYx 3.3

DËi`vZvi ag© m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vejx:

ag© MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

Bmjvg 112 93.3 93.3

wn›`y

Ab¨vb¨

8

0

6.7

0 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx 3.3 n‡Z cÖvß Z_¨ Abyhvqx DËi`vZv‡`i 112 Rb Bmjvg a‡g©i Abymvix hvi nvi kZKiv 93.3%|

8 Rb wn› y a‡g©i Abymvix hvi nvi kZKiv 6.7%|

evsjv‡`k gymwjg Aay¨wlZ †`k| bv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© MÖvg¸‡jv Gi e¨wZµg bq| ag©

gvby‡li •bwZK Rxeb MV‡b e¨vcK f~wgKv iv‡L| ag© gvby‡li Av_©-mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ w`K w`‡q

Dbœq‡bi w`‡K avweZ K‡i|

mviYx 3.4

DËi`vZvi wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv m¤úwK©Z Z‡_¨i web¨vm:

wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

wbiÿi 18 15.0 15.0

cÖv_wgK 46 38.3 53.3

gva¨wgK 30 25.0 78.3

D”P gva¨wgK 14 11.7 90.0

D”P wkÿv 12 10.0 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

wkÿv RvwZi †giæ`Û| wkÿv gvbe Rxe‡bi GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ ‡g․wjK AwaKvi hv Zv‡K mvwe©Kfv‡e

AvZ¥m‡PZb K‡i †Zv‡j| wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv GKwU mgv‡R gvby‡li Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae ’v cwigv‡ci Ab¨Zg

Dcv`vb| mviYx 3.4 Abyhvqx DËi`vZvi 18 Rb wbiÿi hvi nvi kZKiv 15%| 46 Rb cÖv_wgK

cÖv_wgK wkÿvq wkwÿZ hvi nvi kZKiv 38.3%| 30Rb gva¨wgK chv©‡qi hvi nvi kZKiv 25%| 14

Rb D”P gva¨wgK chv©‡qi hvi nvi kZKiv 11.7%| 12 Rb D”P wkÿvq wkwÿZ hvi nvi kZKiv 10%|

Dc‡iv³ Z_ëjx n‡Z †`Lv hvq †h, M‡elYv GjvKvi wkÿvi nvi †gvUvgywU fvj n‡jI mvwe©K fv‡e Zv fvj

ejv hvq bv| Kvib wkwÿZ 85% Gi 38.3% bvggvÎ ¯vÿi Ávb m¤úbœ hviv cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi AšÍf©~³|

G GjvKvq D”P wkÿvi nvi LyeB wb¤œ|

mviYx 3.5

DËi`vZvi †ckv m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vejx:

‡ckvi aib MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

K…lK 47 38.2 31.7

eëmvqx 28 23.3 55.0

w`bgRyi 27 22.5 77.5

PvKzix 18 15.0 92.5

‡gvU 120 100.0

evsjv‡`‡k †ewki fvM gvbyl K…wl Ges K…wli mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ †ckvq wb‡qvwRZ| Z‡e eZ©gv‡b wkÿvi

nvi e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ †ckvq wb‡qvwRZ n‡”Q| mviYx 3.5 †_‡K †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, wbe©vwPZ GjvKvi

120 R‡bi 47 Rb K…lK hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 38.2%| 28 Rb eëmvqx hv‡ì kZKiv nvi 23.3%| 27

Rb w`bgRyi hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 22.5%| 18 R‡bi †ckv PvKzix hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 15%|

Perc

ent

40

30

20

10

0

D” P wkÿvD” P gva¨wgKgva¨wgKcÖv_wgKwbiÿi

10.00%

11.67%

25.00%

38.33%

15.00%

wbev©wPZ GjvKv¸‡jv bv‡Uvi kn‡ii wbKUeZx© nIqvq ‡ckv wn‡m‡e K…wli cvkvcvwk PvKzix Ges eëmvi

cÖvavb¨ cwijwÿZ nq| Kvib bv‡Uvi kn‡i M‡o D‡V‡Q wefbœ wkí cÖwZôvb I Kj-KviLvbv| GQvov eo eo

evRvi¸‡jvi Kvi‡b GLv‡b eëmvi h‡_ó my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| Z‡e G MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z w`bgRy‡ii msL¨v I Kg bq|

mviYx 3.6

wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq DËi`vZvi •e`ÿwZK myweav msµvšÍ Z_¨vejx:

‣e`ÿwZK myweav MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

Av‡Q 83 69.2 69.2

bv 37 30.8 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

‣e`ÿwZK myweav GKwU GjvKvi Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae ’vq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| •e` ywZK myweavi

Afv‡e Rb‡Mvôx wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î wcwQ‡q c‡o| Gi Afv‡e RbMb AvaywbK wewfbœ myweav †_‡K ewÂZ nq|

mviYx 3.6 Abyhvqx bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© 83 R‡bi •e`ÿwZK myweav i‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 69.2%| 37

Rb DËi`vZvi ‣e` ywZK myweav †bB hv‡ì nvi 30.8%|

mviYx 3.7

DËi`vZvi evmM„‡ni aib msµvšÍ Z_¨vejx:

evmM„‡ni aib MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

KuvPv 51 42.5 42.5

AvavcvKv 46 38.3 80.8

cvKv 23 19.2 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

DËi`vZv MÖvgevmx‡ì evmM„‡ni aib m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ n‡Z †`Lv hvq 51 Rb KuvPv evmM„‡n emevm K‡i

hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 42.5%| 46 Rb AvavcvKv M„‡n emevm K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 38.3%| 23 Rb

Mªvgevmx cvKv evwo‡Z emevm K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 19.2%|

mviYx 3.7 Abyhvqx AwaKvsk DËi`vZv KuvPv I AvavcvKv evwo‡Z emevm K‡i| GLv‡b DËi`vZv‡ì

Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae ’vi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq|

mviYx 3.8

DËi`vZvi m¨vwb‡Ukb eë¯’v msµvšÍ Z‡_ï web¨vm:

mvi

Yx

3.8

n‡Z

cÖvß Z_¨ we‡kølY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq wbe©vwPZ MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z 120 R‡bi g‡a¨ 13 R‡bi m¨vwb‡Ukb eë ’v

†Lvjv hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 10.8%| 83 Rb m¨vwbUvivx j¨vwUªb eënvi K‡i hv‡ì nvi 69.2%| 24 R‡bi

m¨vwb‡Ukb eë¯’v cvKv hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 24%|

24

83

13

cvKv

AvavcvKv

‡Lvjv

m¨vwb‡Ukb eë¯’v MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

‡Lvjv 13 10.8 10.8

m¨vwbUvix

cvKv 83 69.2 80.0

‡gvU 24 20.0 100.0

120 100.0

miKvi mevi Rb¨ m¨vwb‡Ukb myweav cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| G j‡ÿ¨ webvg~‡j¨ RbM‡bi gv‡S m¨vwbUvix j¨vwUªb

cª`vb Kiv n‡”Q| bv‡Uvi †Rjvi G MÖvg¸‡jvI G myweav MÖnY K‡i‡Q| hvi my¯úó cªgvY Dch©y³ mviYx|

Z‡e wKQz wKQz cwievi GLbI †Lvjv cvqLvbv eënvi K‡i|

mviYx 3.9

wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq mÂq m¤ú‡K© DËi`vZvi wbKU †_‡K cÖvß Z_¨vejx:

mÂ‡qi m¤¢vebv MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

nu¨v 42 35.0 35.0

bv 75 62.5 97.5

wbiæËi 3 2.5 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

AvR‡Ki ÿz ª mÂq AvMvgx w`‡bi g~jab| bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© Rb‡Mvôxi 120 R‡bi g‡a¨ 42 Rb gvm

†k‡l mÂq Ki‡Z cv‡i e‡j gZ w`‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 35%| 75 Rb gvm †k‡l ‡Kvb mÂq Ki‡Z

cv‡i bv hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 62.5%| 3 Rb †Kvb DËi †`q wb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 2.5%|

mviYx 3.9 Abyhvqx †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, RbM‡bi mÂ‡qi nvi LyeB wb¤œ| hvi Kvib h_vh_ m‡PZbZvi Afve

Ges `vwi ªZv| †Kvb iKg w`b hvcb Ki‡ZB Zv‡ì wngwkg †L‡Z nq|

mviYx 3.10

wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq FY MÖnY m¤ú‡K© DËi`vZvi wbKU †_‡K cÖvß Z_¨vejx:

FY MÖnY MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi %

µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

nu¨v

83 69.2 69.2

bv

37 30.8 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx n‡Z cÖvß Z_¨ we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq, bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© 83 R‡bi FY MÖnY Ki‡Z nq hv‡ì nvi

nvi kZKiv 69.2%| 37 R‡bi FY MÖnY Ki‡Z nq bv hv‡ì nvi nvi kZKiv30.8%|

mviYx 3.11

DËi`vZvi FY MÖn‡Yi gva¨g msµvšÍ Z‡_ï web¨vm:

FY MÖn‡Yi gva¨g MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

e¨vsK 14 11.7 11.7

GbwRI 51 42.5 53.2

gnvRb 27 22.5 76.7

AvZ¥xq 28 23.3 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx 3.11 Abyhvqx 14 Rb e¨vsK †_‡K FY MÖnY K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 11.7%| 51 Rb GbwRI †_‡K

FY MÖnY K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 42.5%| 27 Rb gnvR‡bi wbKU †_‡K FY MÖnY K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv

22.5%| 28 Rb AvZ¥xq-¯Rb †_‡K FY MÖnY K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 23.3%|

e¨vsK †_‡K FY wb‡Z Rvgvb‡Zi cÖ‡qvRb nq hvi Kvi‡b mvavib gvby‡li c‡ÿ e¨vswKs myweav Kg|

Acic‡ÿ GbwRI ¸‡jv `wi ª Rb‡Mvôxi Kj¨v‡Y RvgvbZwenxb FY myweav cÖ`vb K‡i| Gi d‡j `wi ª

Rb‡Mvôx Lye mn‡R FY myweav †c‡q _v‡K| hvi Kvi‡b bv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© Rb‡Mvôxi

GbwRI †_‡K FY MÖn‡Yi nvi †ewk| GQvov cÖ‡qvR‡b AvZ¥xq-¯R‡bi wbKU †_‡KI Giv FY MÖnY K‡i

_v‡K|

mviYx 3.12

DËi`vZvi g‡Z mvgvwRK mgm¨vi aib:

mvgvwRK mgm¨vi aib MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeÿq 31 25.8 25.8

Kyms¯‥vi 24 20.0 45.8

gv`Kvmw³ 16 13.3 59.2

‡h․ZzK 40 33.3 83.2

Ab¨vb¨ 9 7.5 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx Abyhvqx bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© 120 R‡bi g‡a¨ 31 Rb DËi`vZv mvgvwRK mgm¨v ej‡Z g~j¨‡ev‡ai

Aeÿq‡K ey‡S hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 25.8%| Kzms¯‥vi-KycÖ_v‡K mvgvwRK mgm¨v e‡j g‡b K‡i 24 Rb

hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 20%| 16 Rb gv`Kvmw³‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 13.3%| 40 †h․ZzK‡K

wb‡ ©k K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 33.3%| 9 Rb mvgvwRK mgm¨v ej‡Z Ab¨vb¨ Kvib‡K g‡b K‡i hv‡ì

nvi kZKiv 7.5%| GLv‡b Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK mgm¨v ej‡Z eûweevn, evj¨weevn I cvwievwiK wek„•Ljv‡K

†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

mviYx 3.13

wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq mvgvwRK mgm¨vi m¤¢vebv:

2827

51

14

60

50

40

30

20

10

AvZ¥xqgnvRbGbwRIe¨vsK

mgm¨vi m¤¢vebv MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

n¨vu 106 88.3 88.3

bv 5 3.2 92.5

Rvwb bv 7 5.8 98.3

wbiæËi 2 1.7 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq mvgvwRK mgm¨v AvQ wKbv Ggb cÖ‡kœi DË‡i 120 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨ 106 Rb g‡b

K‡i Zv‡ì GjvKv‡Z mvgvwRK mgm¨v we`¨gvb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 83.3%| 5 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i

Zv‡ì GjvKv‡Z mvgvwRK mgm¨v †bB hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 3.2%| Rvwb bv gZ w`‡q‡Q 7 Rb hv‡ì nvi

kZKiv 5.8%| wbiæËi 2 Rb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 1.7%| A_©¨vr †ewkifvM RbMb g‡b K‡i Zv‡ì

GjvKv‡Z mvgvwRK mgm¨v we`¨gvb|

mviYx 3.14

wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq mvgvwRK mgm¨vi aib msµvšÍ Z‡_ï web¨vm:

GjvKvq mvgvwRK mgm¨v MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

gv`Kvmw³ 25 20.8 20.8

Bf wUwPs 10 8.3 29.2

‡h․ZzK 30 25.0 53.2

evj¨weevn 19 15.8 70.0

bvix wbh©vZb 19 15.8 85.8

meMy‡jv 13 10.8 96.7

Ab¨vb¨ 4 3.3 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

Dc‡iv³ Z_¨ we‡kølY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq, bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© Rb‡Mvôxi 25 Rb g‡b K‡i Zv‡ì GjvKvq

gv`Kvmw³ i‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 20.8%| 10 Rb Bf wUwPs Gi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv

8.3%| 30 Rb †h․Zz‡Ki c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 25%| evj¨weev‡ni c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q 19

Rb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 15.8%| bvix wbh©vZ‡bi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q 19 Rb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 15.8%|

me¸‡jv mvgvwRK mgm¨vi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q 13 Rb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 10.8%| GQvov Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK

mgm¨v cÖm‡½ gZ w`‡q‡Q 4 Rb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 3.3%|

G mviYx †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z mvgvwRK mgm¨v¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †h․Zz‡Ki

nvi †ewk|

mviYx 3.15

DËi`vZvi we‡bv`b myweav msµvšÍ Z‡_ï web¨vm:

we‡bv`b eë¯’v MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

Bb‡Wvi †Mgm 17 13.2 13.2

cwÎKv, eB 20 16.7 30.8

AvDU‡Wvi †Mgm 27 22.5 53.3

‡iwWI,wUwf 56 46.7 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx n‡Z cÖvß Z_¨ n‡Z †`Lv hvq, DËi`vZv‡ì 17 R‡bi we‡bv`‡bi Drm Bb‡Wvi †Mgm hvi nvi

kZKiv 13.2%| 20 R‡bi cwÎKv,eB hvi nvi kZKiv 16.7%| 27 R‡bi AvDU‡Wvi †Mgm hvi nvi

22.5%| we‡bv`‡bi Drm wn‡m‡e †iwWI,wUwf 56 R‡bi hvi nvi 46.7%|

AvaywbK mgvR eë ’vi cÖfv‡e eZ©gv‡b MÖvgxY mgv‡R we‡bv`‡bi e¨vcK cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q| AZx‡Zi gZ

gvbyl Avi †Ljvayjv, N‡ivqv AvÇv‡K we‡bv`‡bi GKgvÎ gva¨g g‡b K‡i bv| †iwWI-wUwf †`‡L gvbyl

GLb Aemi mgq KvUvq|

4

1 3

1 9

1 9

3 0

1 0

2 5

me¸‡jv

me¸‡jv

bvix wbh©vZb

evj¨ weevn

‡hŠZzK

Bf wUwPs

gv`K

mviYx 3.16

mvgvwRK mgm¨v RbRxe‡b †h ai‡bi cÖfve †dj‡Q †m m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vejx:

mvgvwRK mgm¨vi cÖfve MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

cvwievwiK wek„•Ljv 55 45.8 45.8

AvZ¥nZ¨v 15 12.5 58.3

mš¿vm 19 15.8 73.2

‣bwZK Aeÿq 21 17.5 91.7

Ab¨vb¨ 10 8.3 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mvgvwRK mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y RbRxe‡b e¨vcK cÖfve c‡o| DËi`vZvi 55 Rb mvgvwRK mgm¨vi cÖfve wn‡m‡e

cvwievwiK wek„•Ljv‡K g‡b K‡i hv‡ì nvi 45.8%| 15 Rb AvZ¥nZ¨v‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i hv‡i` nvi

12.5%| 19 Rb mvgvwRK mgm¨vi cÖfve wn‡m‡e mš¿vm‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i hv‡ì nvi 15.8%| 21 Rb

•bwZK Aeÿq‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i hv‡ì nvi 17.5%| 10 Rb Ab¨vb¨ cÖfve‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i hv‡ì nvi 8.3%|

mviYx 3.16 Abyhvqx bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ cvwievwiK wek„•Ljvi nvi me‡P‡q †ewk|

46.67%

22.50%

16.67%

14.17%

50

40

30

20

10

0

‡ iwWI wUwfAvDU‡ Wvi † MgmcwÎKv,eBBb‡ Wvi † Mgm

mviYx 3.17

DËi`vZvi g‡Z mvgvwRK mgm¨vejx wbim‡b Kibxq m¤ú‡K© Z‡_ï web¨vm:

GjvKvevmxi KiYxq MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

AvBb †g‡b Pjv 47 39.2 39.2

g~j¨‡eva RvMÖZ Kiv 18 15.0 53.2

mšÍv‡bi cÖwZ m‡PZbZv 21 17.5 71.7

wkÿvi nvi e„w× 34 28.3 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

Dc‡iv³ mviYx n‡Z cÖvß Z_¨ we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq, 120 R‡bi g‡a¨ 47 Rb mvgvwRK mgm¨v wbim‡b

AvBb †g‡b Pjv‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 39.2%| 18 Rb g~j¨‡eva RvMÖZ Kiv‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i

hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 15%| 21 Rb mšÍv‡bi cÖwZ m‡PZbZv‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i hv‡ì nvi 17.5%| 34 Rb

mvgvwRK mgm¨v wbim‡b wkÿvi nvi e„w×‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i hv‡ì nvi 28.3%|

GjvKvevmxi AwaKvs‡ki g‡Z h_vh_ AvBb †g‡b Pjv Ges wkÿvi nvi e„w×i gva¨‡g mvgvwRK mgm¨v

wbimb Kiv m¤¢e|

8.33%

17.50%

15.83%

12.50%

45.83%

Ab¨vb¨

‣ bwZK …

mš¿vm

AvZ¥nZ¨v

cvwievwiK wek„ • Ljv

mviYx 3.18

mgm¨v wbim‡b cÖkvm‡bi KiYxq welq m¤úwK©Z Z‡_ï web¨vm:

cªkvm‡bi KiYxq MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

Rbm‡PZbZv m„wó 32 26.7 26.7

evj¨weevn,‡h․ZzK †iva 46 38.3 65.0

gv`K cÖwZôvb D‡”Q` 21 17.5 82.5

Ab¨vb¨ 21 17.5 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx 3.18 Abyhvqx mvgvwRK mgm¨v wbim‡b cÖkvm‡bi KiYxq m¤ú‡K© 120 R‡bi g‡a¨ 32 Rb DËi`vZv

Rbm‡PZbZv m„wói c‡ÿ gZ †`b hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 26.7%| 46 Rb DËi`vZv cÖkvm‡bi KiYxq m¤ú‡K©

evj¨weevn, †h․ZzK‡Ki c‡ÿ gZ †`b hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 38.7%| 21 Rb gv`K cÖwZôvb D‡”Q`Ki‡bi

c‡ÿ gZ †`b hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 17.5%| mvgvwRK mgm¨v wbim‡b cÖkvm‡bi KiYxq m¤ú‡K© 21 Rb

Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri cÖwZ gZ †`b hv‡ì nvi 17.5%| Ab¨vb¨ KiYxq wel‡qi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q AvB‡bi cÖ‡qvM,

wkÿvi cÖwZ m‡PZbZv m„wó, ¯^RbcÖxwZ †iva BZ¨vw`|

mviYx 3.19

cwi‡ek ~lY m¤ú‡K© DËi`vZvi gZvgZ msµvšÍ Z‡_ï web¨vm:

`~l‡Yi gva¨g MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

wkÿvi nvi e„ w×mšÍv‡ bi cÖwZ hZœevbg~j¨‡ eva e„ w×AvBb gvbv

40

30

20

10

0

28.33%

17.50%

15.00%

39.17%

kã ~lY 4 3.3 3.3

evq~ `~lY 12 10.0 13.3

cvwb ~lY 29 23.2 37.5

gvwU `~lY 13 10.8 48.3

me¸‡jv 62 51.7 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ gvby‡li myôzfv‡e †e‡o IVv A‡bKvs‡k wbf©i K‡i| myôz cwi‡ek GKRb gvbyl‡K myôz

bvMwiK wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zv‡j| ZvB Av‡jvP¨ M‡elYvq cwi‡e‡ki Dci ¸iæZ¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q|

cªvß Z_¨ Abyhvqx, 4 Rb DËi`vZv cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi gva¨g wn‡m‡e kã ~lY‡K g‡b K‡ib hv‡ì nvi

kZKiv 3.3%| 12 Rb DËi`vZv evq~ ~l‡Yi c‡ÿ gZ †`b hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 10%| 29 Rb DËi`vZv

cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi gva¨g wn‡m‡e cvwb ~l‡bi c‡ÿ gZ †`b hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 23.2%| 13 Rb gvwU

~l‡Yi c‡ÿ gZ †`b hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 10.8%| 62 Rb DËi`vZv cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi gva¨g wn‡m‡e

me¸‡jv gva¨g‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i‡Qb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 51.7%|

mviYx 3.20

wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq ~l‡Yi m¤¢vebv msµvšÍ DËi`vZvi gZvgZ:

`~l‡Yi m¤¢vebv MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

n¨vu 102 85.0 85.0

bv 18 15.0 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx 3.20 n‡Z cÖvß Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K †`Lv hvq, 102 Rb DËi`vZv gZ w`‡q‡Q Zv‡ì GjvKvq cwi‡ek

~wlZ n‡”Q hvi nvi kZKiv 85%| 18 Rb gZ w`‡q‡Q cwi‡ek ~wlZ n‡”Q bv hvi nvi kZKiv 15%|

A_©¨vr wbe©vwPZ GjvKvi AwaKvsk RbMb g‡b K‡i Zv‡ì GjvKvq cwi‡ek ~wlZ n‡”Q|

mviYx 3.21

wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi gva¨g msµvšÍ DËi`vZvi Z‡_ï web¨vm:

GjvKvq `~l‡Yi gva¨g MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

evq~ `~lY 34 28.3 28.3

cvwb ~lY 49 40.8 69.2

kã ~lY 12 10.0 79.2

gvwU `~lY 25 20.8 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

Dc‡iv³ Z_¨ we‡kølY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq, wbe©vwPZ GjvKvq evq~ ~l‡Yi gva¨‡g cwi‡ek ~wlZ nq Ggb gZ

w`‡q‡Q 34 Rb hv‡ì nvi 28.3%| 49 Rb cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi gva¨g wn‡m‡e cvwb ~l‡Yi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q

hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 40.8%| 12 Rb g‡b K‡i Zv‡ì GjvKvq kã ~l‡Yi gva¨‡g cwi‡ek ~wlZ n‡”Q

hv‡ì nvi 10%| 25 Rb DËi`vZv gvwU ~l‡Yi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi 20.8%|

myZivs †`Lv hv‡”Q , bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z evq~ ~lY I cvwb ~l‡Yi gva¨‡g me‡P‡q †ewk

cwi‡ek ~wlZ n‡”Q| Kvib b`x ZxieZ©x Aew¯’Z wkí-KviLvbv †hgb- hgybv wWwójvix, b_© †e½j myMvi

wgj, cÖvY †Kv¤úvbx mn wewfbœ KviLvbvi wbM©Z †auvqv I eR © c`v_©| KviLvbv †_‡K wbM©Z †auvqv I eR©¨

c`v_© cvwb‡Z wg‡k Ges evq~‡Z wg‡k cwi‡ek ~wlZ Ki‡Q|

15.00%

85.00%

bv

n¨v

mviYx 3.22

DËi`vZvi g‡Z ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b †iv‡Mi m¤¢vebv msµvšÍ Z‡_ï web¨vm:

‡iv‡Mi m¤¢vebv MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

n¨vu 73 60.8 60.8

bv 15 12.5 73.3

Rvwb bv 19 15.8 89.2

wbiæËi 13 10.8 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

Dc‡iv³ mviYx n‡Z cÖvß Z_¨ we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq, bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© GjvKvq cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b

†iv‡Mi cÖv`yf©ve nq Ggb gZ w`‡q‡Q 73 Rb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 60.8%| 15 Rb gZ w`‡q‡Q cwi‡ek

~l‡Yi Kvi‡b Zv‡ì GjvKv ~wlZ n‡”Q bv hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 12.5%| 19 Rb Rvwb bv gZ w`‡q‡Q

hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 15.8%| wbiæËi 13 Rb hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 10.8%| A_¨©vr bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx©

GjvKv¸‡jvi †ewkifvM DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b ‡iv‡Mi cÖv`yf©ve e„w× cv‡”Q|

40.83%

50

40

30

20

10

0

me ¸ ‡j vk ã ` ~l Yc vwb ` ~l Ye vq y ` ~l Y

mviYx 3.23

DËi`vZvi g‡Z ~l‡bi Kvi‡b †iv‡Mi aib msµvšÍ Z‡_ï web¨vm:

‡iv‡Mi aib MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

K‡jiv 20 16.7 16.7

Wvqwiqv 35 29.2 45.8

Avgvkq 17 13.2 60.0

G¨vRgv 22 18.3 78.3

Ab¨vb¨ 26 21.7 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx 3.22 Abyhvqx 20 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b Zv‡ì GjvKvq K‡jiv †iv‡Mi

cÖ‡Kvc †`Lv w`‡”Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 16.7%| 35 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b

Wvqwiqv e„w× cv‡”Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 29.2%| 17 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡Z Avgvk‡qi cÖ‡Kvc e„w× cv‡”Q

hv‡ì Kvib 13.2%| 22 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i Zv‡ì GjvKvq cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b G¨vRgvi cÖ‡Kvc

e„w× cv‡”Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 18.3%| 26 Rb g‡b K‡i cwi‡ek ~l‡bi Kvi‡b bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx©

GjvKvq Ab¨vb¨ †iv‡Mi cÖv yf©e e„w× cv‡”Q| Ab¨vb¨ †ivM ej‡Z R¡i, mw ©-Kvwk‡K wb‡ ©k Kiv n‡q‡Q|

13

19

15

73

wbiËi

Rvwb bv

bv

yn¨v

mviYx 3.24

DËi`vZv KZ…©K MÖnYK…Z wPwKrmv eë ’v msµvšÍ Z‡_ï web¨vm:

wPwKrmvi aib MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

G¨v‡jvc¨vw_K 94 78.3 78.3

‡nvwgIc¨vw_K 10 8.3 86.7

KweivRx 16 13.3 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© 94 Rb DËi`vZv †ivM n‡j G¨v‡jvc¨vw_K wPwKrmv MÖnY K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv

78.3%| 10 Rb DËi`vZv †nvwgIc¨vw_K wPwKrmv MÖnb K‡i hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 8.3%| 16 Rb

DËi`vZv KweivRx wPwKrmv MÖnb K‡i hv‡ì nvi 13.3%|

21.67%

18.33%

14.17%

29.17%

16.67%

Ab¨vb¨

G¨vRgv

Avgvkq

Wvqwiqv

K‡jiv

mviYx 3.25

DËi`vZvi g‡Z bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi m¤¢vebv:

b`x ~l‡Yi m¤¢vebv MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

nüv 111 92.5 92.5

bv 3 2.5 95.0

Rvwb bv 5 3.2 99.2

wbiæËi 1 .8 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

Dc‡iv³ mviYx n‡Z cÖvß Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K †`Lv hvq, bv‡iv` b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q gZ w`‡q‡Q Ggb DËi`vZvi

msL¨v 111 Rb hv‡ì nvi 92.5%| 3 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i bv‡iv` b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q hv‡ì nvi 2.5%|

5 Rb DËi`vZv bv‡iv` b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q wKbv †m m¤ú‡K© wKQzB Rv‡b bv gZ w`‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi 3.2%| 1

KweivRx‡ nvwgI c¨vw_KG‡ jvc¨vw_K

80

60

40

20

0

78.33%

Rb DËi`vZv ~l‡Yi e¨vcv‡i Pzc K‡i †_‡K‡Qb hvi nvi kZKiv .8%| A_©¨vr AwaKvsk DËi`vZv g‡b

K‡i bv‡iv` b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q|

mviYx 3.26

bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi gva¨g m¤ú‡K© DËi`vZvi gZvgZ msµvšÍ Z‡_ï web¨vm:

bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi gva¨g MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

Kg bve¨Zv 15 12.5 12.5

U¨vbvixi eR¨© 17 13.2 26.7

b`x fivU 20 16.7 43.3

cvqLvbvi eR¨© 11 9.2 52.5

widvBbvixi eR © 22 18.3 70.8

myMvi wg‡ji eR © 35 29.2 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

wbe©vwPZ MÖvgevmx‡ì KvQ †_‡K cÖvß Z_¨ we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq †h 15 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i bve¨Zv

Kgvi Kvi‡b bv‡iv` b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q hv‡ì nvi 12.5%| 17 Rb g‡b K‡i U¨vbvixi e‡R©ï Kvi‡b bv‡iv`

b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q hv‡ì nvi 13.2%| 20 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i Aeva b`x fiv‡Ui Kvi‡b b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q

hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 16.7%| 11 Rb g‡b K‡i cvqLvbvi e‡R© i Kvi‡b hv‡ì nvi 9.2%| 22 Rb

DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i widvBbvixi e‡R©ï Kvi‡b G b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q hv‡ì nvi 18.3%| 35 Rb g‡b K‡i

myMvi wg‡ji e‡R© i Kvi‡b bv‡iv` b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 29.2%|

mviYx 3.27

bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi cÖfve msµvšÍ DËi`vZvi gZvgZ:

`~l‡Yi djvdj MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

cvwbevwnZ †ivM 41 33.2 33.2

grm¨ m¤ú` aŸsm 31 25.8 60.0

wb¤œ cvwbi Íi 8 6.7 66.7

me¸‡jv 34 28.3 95.0

Ab¨vb¨ 6 5.0 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx 3.27 Abyhvqx bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j m„ó mgm¨vi g‡a¨ cvwbevwnZ †iv‡Mi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q Rb

hv‡ì nvi 33.2%| 31 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j grm¨ m¤ú` aŸsm n‡”Q hv‡ì

nvi 25.8%| 31 Rb g‡b K‡i bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j bve¨Zv K‡g hvIqvq cvwbi ¯Íi wb‡P †b‡g hv‡”Q

hv‡ì nvi 6.7%| 34 DËi`vZv me¸‡jv wel‡qi cÖwZ gZ w`‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi 28.3%| GQvov 6 Rb

DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j Ab¨vb¨ cÖfve co‡Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 5%|

myMvi wg‡ ji eR¨©widvBbvwi eR©¨j¨vwUªb ¯’ vcbb`x fivUU¨vbvwi eR©¨Kg bve¨Zv

30

20

10

0

12.50%

14.17%

16.67%

9.17%

18.33%

29.17%

mviYx 3.28

b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j †R‡j‡ì †ckvi cwie‡Z ©i m¤¢vebv m¤ú‡K© Z‡_ï web¨vm:

‡ckv cwieZ©b MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

nu¨v 96 80.0 80.0

bv 12 10.0 90.0

Rvwb bv 11 9.2 99.2

wbiæËi 1 .8 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

Dc‡iv³ Z_¨ Abyhvqx 120 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨ 96 Rb g‡b K‡i bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j †R‡j‡ì

†ckvi cwieZ©b n‡”Q hv‡ì nvi 80%| 12 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j †R‡j‡ì

†ckvi cwieZ©b n‡”Q bv hv‡ì nvi 10%| 11 Rb DËi`vZv bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j †R‡j‡ì †ckvi

cwieZ©b n‡”Q wKbv †m m¤ú‡K© wKQz Rv‡b bv gZ w`‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi 9.2%| 1 Rb wbiæËi wQ‡jv hvi nvi

.8%| bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© †ewkifvM RbMb g‡b K‡i bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j †R‡j‡ì †ckvi cwieZ©b

n‡”Q|

40

30

20

10

0

Ab¨vb¨me¸‡ jv wb¤œ cvwb ¯Íigrm¨ m¤ú` aŸsmcvwb RwbZ † ivM

5.00%

25.83%

28.33%

6.67%

34.17%

mviYx 3.29

DËi`vZvi g‡Z b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j †R‡j‡ì eZ©gvb †ckv msµvšÍ Z_¨vejx:

‡ckvi aib MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

K…wlKvR 34 28.3 28.3

w`bgRyi 49 40.8 69.2

Ab¨Î Mgb 23 19.2 88.3

Ab¨vb¨ 14 11.7 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

cvwb ~l‡Yi d‡j bv‡iv` b`xi grm¨ m¤ú` cÖvq wejwßi c‡_| G Kvi‡b bv‡iv` b`x‡Z grm¨ wkKvix

†R‡ji †ckvi cwieZ©b n‡”Q| 34 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i cvwb ~l‡Y Kvi‡b †R‡jiv GLb K„wlKvR Ki‡Q

hv‡ì nvi 28.3%| 49 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i †R‡jiv ‡ckv cwieZ©b K‡i w`bgRyi n‡”Q hv‡ì nvi

40.8%| 23 Rb g‡b K‡i †R‡jiv Ab¨Î Mgb Ki‡Q hv‡ì nvi 19.2%| GQvov 14 Rb DËi`vZv

Ab¨vb¨ ‡ckvi cÖwZ gZ w`‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi 11.7%| GLv‡b ‡ckvi g‡a¨ eëmv, KzwUi wkí BZ¨vw`

Ab¨Zg|

mviYx 3.30

cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi d‡j K…wl †ÿ‡Î cÖfv‡ei m¤¢vebv:

K…wl†ÿ‡Î cÖfv‡ei m¤¢vebv MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

nu¨v 82 68.3 68.3

bv 9 7.5 75.8

Rvwb bv 19 15.8 91.7

wbiæËi 10 8.3 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

K…wl evsjv‡`‡ki PvwjKv kw³| Avi MÖv‡gi AwaKvsk gvbyl K…wli Dci wbf©ikxj| bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx©

GjvKvi AwaKvsk RbMb K…wl KvR K‡i RxweKv wbe©vn K‡i| Avi cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v K…wl †ÿ‡Î cÖfve

†djvi Kvi‡b `wi ª RbMb AviI `wi ª n‡q co‡Q| G Kvi‡b Av‡jvP¨ M‡elYvq K…wl †ÿ‡Î cwi‡ekMZ

mgm¨vi cÖfve‡K ¸iæZ¡ †Ìqv n‡q‡Q|

cÖvß Z_¨ we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq 82 Rb DËi`vZv cwi‡ek ~lY K…wl †ÿ‡Î cÖfve †dj‡Q Ggb gZ

w`‡q‡Q hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 68.3%| 9 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i cwi‡ek ~lY K…wl †ÿ‡Î †Kvb cÖfve

†dj‡Q bv G‡ì nvi 7.5%| 19 Rb DËi`vZv cwi‡ek ~lY K…wl †ÿ‡Î cÖfve †d‡j wKbv †m m¤ú‡K©

Rv‡b bv Ggb DËi`vZvi msL¨v 15.8%| 10 Rb DËi`vZv †Kvb DËi †`q wb hv‡ì nvi 8.3%|

mviYx 3.31

K…wl†ÿ‡Î cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi cÖfve m¤ú‡K© DËi`vZvi gZvg‡Zi Z‡_ï web¨vm:

K…wl†ÿ‡Î cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi cÖfve MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

e„wói Afv‡e †mP mgm¨v 50 41.7 41.7

Drcv`b n«vm 29 23.2 65.8

Abye©iZv 24 20.0 85.8

Ab¨vb¨ 17 13.2 100.0

10

19

9

82

Ab¨vb¨

Rvwb bv

bv

n¨v

‡gvU 120 100.0

mviYx 3.31 Abyhvqx 120 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨ 50 Rb g‡b K‡i K…wl†ÿ‡Î cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b e„wói

Afv‡e †mP mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡”Q hv‡ì nvi 41.7%| 29 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i Drcv`b n«vm cv‡”Q hv‡ì

nvi 23.2%| 24 Rb g‡b K‡i K…wl Rwg Abye©i n‡q co‡Q Ggb DËi`vZvi nvi 20%| 17 Rb DËi`vZv

g‡b K‡i cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b K…wl‡ÿ‡Î Ab¨vb¨ cÖfve co‡Q hv‡ì nvi 13.2%|

mviYx 3.32

bv‡iv` b`x ~lY †iv‡a M„wnZ c`‡ÿc m¤úwK©Z DËi`vZvi Z‡_ï web¨vm:

`~lY †iv‡a DËi`vZvi gZvgZ MYmsL¨v kZKivnvi % µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v

b`x Lbb 16 13.3 13.3

Rbm‡PZbZv m„wó 21 17.5 30.8

m¨vwbUvix j¨vwUªb ¯’vcb 5 3.2 35.0

KviLvbv eR © eë¯’vcbv 46 38.3 73.3

me¸‡jv 26 21.7 95.0

Ab¨vb¨ 6 5.0 100.0

‡gvU 120 100.0

14.17%

20.00%

24.17%

41.67%

50

40

30

20

10

0

Ab¨vbÄbye©iZvDrcv`b n«vm‡ mP mgm¨v

bv‡iv` b`xi cÖk¯ÍZv A‡bK K‡g †M‡Q Ges G b`xi MfxiZvI A‡bK Kg| Gi d‡j eR © c`v_© cvwbi

mv‡_ wg‡k e‡q †h‡Z cv‡i bv| Gi d‡j bv‡iv` b`xi cvwb ~wlZ n‡”Q| DËi`vZv‡ì g‡a¨ 16 Rb g‡b

K‡i b`x Lbb K‡i ~lY †iva Kiv m¤¢e hv‡ì nvi kZKiv 13.3%| 21 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i RbM‡bi

g‡a¨ m‡PZbZv m„wói gva¨‡g G b`xi ~lY †iva Kiv m¤¢e hv‡ì nvi 17.5%| 5 Rb DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i

†Lvjv cvqLvbvi e`‡j m¨vwbUvix j¨vwUªb ¯’vcb Kivi gva¨‡g bv‡iv` b`xi ~lY †iva Kiv m¤¢e| 38.3%

DËi`vZv g‡b K‡i Kj-KviLvbvi e‡R©ï mwVK eë¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g `~lY †iva Kiv m¤¢e| 26 Rb g‡b K‡i

Dc‡ii me¸‡jv eë ’v MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g ~lY †iva Kiv m¤¢e hv‡ì nvi 21.7%| GQvov 5% RbMb g‡b

K‡i Ab¨vb¨ eë¯’v MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g bv‡iv` b`xi ~lY †iva Kiv m¤¢e| GLv‡b Ab¨vb¨ eë¯’v ej‡Z

miKv‡ii mw`”Qv, h_vh_ AvBb‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

40

30

20

10

0

Ab¨vb¨me¸‡jvKj-KviLvbvi eR¨©

mwVK ’v‡b †djv

m¨vwbUvwi j¨vwUªb ’

vcb

Rbm‡PZbZv m„wób`x Lbb

5.00%

21.67%

38.33%

4.17%

17.50%

13.33%

PZz_© Aa¨vq

4.1 mycvwikgvjv:

bv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© MÖvg¸‡jvi RbM‡Yi Av_©-mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Ae ’vi aib m¤úwK©Z

Z_¨vejx ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i Zv‡ì RxebhvÎvi gvb Dbœq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ h_vh_ KZ…©cÿmn mswkøó gn‡ji Kv‡Q

wb‡¤œv³ mycvwik Kiv nj:-

Lb‡bi gva¨‡g b`xi MfxiZv e„w× Kiv|

Kj-KviLvbv ‡_‡K AcmvwiZ eR © c`v_© cwi‡kva‡bi Rb¨ AvB‡bi h_vh_ cÖ‡qvM NUv‡Z n‡e|

eR © c`v‡_i© ~lY †_‡K Avmv MÜ ev‡m Pj‡Z hvÎx‡ì bv‡KI MÜ jv‡M, ZvB GUv miKvi‡K

†Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e Ges AwP‡iB eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e|

K…lK‡ì Rb¨ ch©vß †mP myweav wbwðZ Kiv|

M‡elYvaxb GjvKvi RbM‡Yi gv‡S wkÿv myweav wbwðZ Kiv|

gv`K weµqKvix cÖwZôvb D‡”Q`Ki‡Y GjvKvevmx‡K HKë× Kiv|

Kyms¯‥vi, ‡h․ZzK, bvix wbh©vZb I cvwievwiK wek„•Ljv wbim‡b RbM‡Yi gv‡S e¨vcK Rbm‡PZbZv

m„wó Kiv|

Rxebgvb Dbœq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ RbM‡Yi gv‡S webv my‡` ev ¯í my‡` FY myweav cÖ`vb Kiv|

4.2 Dcmsnvi:

evsjv‡`‡k cÖvq 68 nvRvi MÖvg i‡q‡Q| MÖvg¸‡jvi AwaKvsk RbMY Awkÿv I m‡PZbZvi Afve‡nZz `vwi ª

mxgvi wb‡P evm K‡i| RbmsL¨v mgm¨v G‡`‡ki cÖavb mgm¨v| cÖwZ eM©wK‡jvwgUv‡i G‡`‡k 964 Rb

†jv‡Ki evm, gv_vwcQz RvZxq Avq gvÎ 848 gvwK©b Wjvi (m~Î: evsjv‡`k A_©‣bwZK mgxÿv-2012)|

bv‡iv` b`x ZvieZx© RbMYI AvR `vwi ª, Awkÿv, Kzwkÿv mn wbZ¨ bZzb mvgvwRK mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb| AvR

GLv‡b RvqMv K‡i wb‡q‡Q kn‡ii †fvM¨ mgMªx, m¨v‡UjvBU P¨v‡bj wKsev kni ms¯‥…wZ| Avgv‡ì Rxeb,

A_©bxwZ, mgvR ms¯‥…wZ, Avgv‡ì b`xi mv‡_ IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZ| G¸‡jv‡K evuPv‡Z n‡j Avgv‡ì b`x‡K

evuPv‡Z n‡e|

bv‡iv` cÙvi GKwU Dcb`x| G b`x ivRkvnx †Rjvi PviNvU †_‡K Drcbœ n‡q bv‡Uvi †c․imfvi cvk w`‡q

ywU kvLvq wef³ n‡q e‡q †M‡Q| GKwU kvLv †kl n‡q‡Q eonwikcy‡i| Avi Ab¨ kvLvwU aivB‡ji cvk

w`‡q Pjbwe‡j wgwjZ n‡q‡Q| cÙv kywK‡q †M‡j bv‡ivÌ ïwK‡q hvq| dviv°v e¨‡i‡Ri cÖfve GB b`x

Ges ZxieZx© gvby‡li Rb¨ giY duv`| gvbyl evuPv‡Z n‡j Avgv‡ì b`xK evuPv‡Z n‡e| ï®‥ †g․my‡g cÙvi

cvwbi b¨vh¨ wnm¨v Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| GUv miKvi‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|

bv‡iv` b`x AvR †hgb Zvi †mvbvjx HwZn¨ nvwi‡q‡Q †Zgwb Gi ZxieZ©x RbMYI AvR ~‡h©v‡Mi m¤§yLxb|

GLv‡b AvR †bB †Kvb kvwšÍi wPý| gv`K mgm¨v, g~j¨‡ev†ai Aeÿq, bvix wbh©vZb, †h․ZzK mn bvbvwea

mvgvwRK mgm¨v G mgv‡R AvR cÖwZw`‡bi NUbv|

Ggb gyn~‡Z¡© mswkøó GjvKvi RbM‡Yi ¯-D‡`¨vMx f~wgKv MÖn‡Yi mv‡_ mv‡_ miKvix I †emiKvix mvnvh¨-

mn‡hvwMZv RxebhvÎvi gvb Dbœq‡b mnvqK n‡e|

mnvqK MÖš’cwÄ:

1. Avãj nvwKg miKvi Ges RvbœvZzj †di‡`․m, mvgvwRK M‡elYv I cwimsL¨vb cwiwPwZ,

K‡jøvj cÖKvkbx, XvKv

2. K. D. Bailey (1982) Methods of Social Research, New York; The

Free, Press. London,UK.

3. Islam, Md. Fakrul (2007) Water Use and Poverty Reduction,

Gotodhara, Banglabazar, Dhaka.

4. Samad Md. A (1995) Gi †jLv “A study of water quality of different

rivers of Bangladesh”

5. AveŸvm we. Gg (1985) Gi †jLv Òevsjv‡`‡ki cvwb m¤ú`Ó

6. nvwg` Av. (1967) , ÒPjbwe‡ji BwZK_vÓ

7. mgwó Dbœqb I mgwó msMVb, †gvnv¤§` nvweeyi ingvb, cwiewZ©Z I cwigvwR©Z ms¯‥iY,

wW‡m¤i 2001|

8. W. †gv: byiæj Bmjvg, mvgvwRK M‡elYv c×wZ, Zvmwgqv cvewj‡KmÝ, XvKv-2007|

9. Rambhai B THE SILENT REVOLUTION, jiwan prakashan Delhi 1958

cwiwkó:

wPÎ: cÖvY †Kv¤úvbx †_‡K wbM©Z eR© c`v_© wPÎ: bv‡Uvi myMvi wgj †_‡K wbM©Z eR© c`v_©

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Xh4MstvdVIw/TL4Js8u-p9I/AAAAAAAAALU/xlrzjMskxEM/s1600/District+Map+of+Natore.gif

wPÎ: bv‡Uvi myMvi wgjm wjt wPÎ:

hgybv wWwójvix wjt (G¨vj‡Kvnj cÖ¯‘ZKvix †Kvs)

wPÎ: bv‡iv` b`xi GKvsk

Òbv‡Uvi †Rjvi bv‡iv` b`x ZxieZx© gvby‡li Av_©mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Ae¯’v-GKwU

mgxÿvÓ

mvÿvZrKvi Abym~Px

(msM„wnZ Z_¨ ïaygvÎ M‡elYv Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv n‡e Ges m¤ú~Y© †MvcbxqZv iÿv Kiv n‡e)

mvaviY Z_¨vejx:

DËi`vZvi cwiwPwZ:

bvg: .................. eqm:.............. IqvW© bs: .........................

MÖvg:..................................... _vbv: ...........................................

. †Rjv:.......................

‣eevwnK Ae ’v:..................................

gvwmK Avq: K) 1500-3000 L) 3001-4500 M) 4501-6000 N) 6000+

1. Avcwb †Kvb ai‡Yi cwiev‡i emevm K‡ib? K) GKK L) †h․_

-

2. Avcwb †Kvb a‡g©i Abymvix? K) Bmjvg L) wLª÷vb M) wn› y N) Ab¨vb¨

3. Avcbvi wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv wK? K) wbiÿi L) cÖv_wgK M) gva¨wgK

N) D”P gva¨wgK O) D”P wkÿv

4. Avcbvi †ckvi aib m¤ú‡K© ejyb- K) K…lK L) e¨emvqx M) w`bgRyi N) PvKzwi

O)Ab¨vb¨

5. Avcwb KZ mgq KvR K‡ib? ................................

6. Avcbvi cwiev‡ii cÖavb †K? K) wcZv L) gvZv M) ¯vgx N) ¯¿x

7. Avcbvi evwo‡Z wK we`¨yr ms‡hvM Av‡Q? K) n¨vu L) bv

8. Avcbvi evmM„‡ni aiY †Kgb? K) KvuPv L) AvavcvKv M) cvKv

10. Avcbvi evwo‡Z m¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’v †Kgb? K) †Lvjv L) AvavcvKv M) cvKv

11. gvm †k‡l Avcwb wK mÂq Ki‡Z cv‡ib? K) n¨vu L) bv M) wbiæËi

12. cwievi cwiPvjb Ki‡Z wM‡q Avcbvi wK FY MÖnY Ki‡Z nq? K) n¨vu L) bv

13. hw` n¨vu nq Zvn‡j †Kvb gva¨‡g? K) e¨vsK L) GbwRI M) gnvRb N)

Ab¨vb¨

14. mvgvwRK mgm¨v ej‡Z Avcwb wK †ev‡Sb? K) g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeÿq L) Kzms¯‥vi-KycÖ_v M)

gv`Kvmw³ N) Ab¨vb¨

15. Avcbvi GjvKvq wK mvgvwRK mgm¨v Av‡Q? K) n¨vu L) bv M) Rvwb bv N)

wbiæËi

16. hw` n¨vu nq Zvn‡j wK ai‡Yi mgm¨v Av‡Q? K) gv`Kvmw³ L) Bf wUwPs M)

†h․ZzK N) evj¨weevn O) bvix wbh©vZb P) me¸‡jv Q) Ab¨b¨

17. Avcbvi we‡bv`‡bi Drm wK? K) Bb‡Wvi †Mgm L) cwÎKv, eB M) AvDU‡Wvi ‡Mgm N)

‡iwWI,wUwf

18. mvgvwRK mgm¨v RbRxe‡b wK cÖfve †dj‡Q e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib? K) cvwievwiK wek„•Ljv

L) AvZœnZ¨v M) mš¿vm N) ‣bwZK Aeÿq O) Ab¨vb¨

19. mvgvwRK mgm¨v wbim‡b GjvKvevmxi KiYxq wK e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib? K) AvBb †g‡b Pjv

L) g~j¨‡eva RvMÖZ Kiv M) mšÍv‡bi cÖwZ m‡PZb nIqv N) wkÿvi nvi e„w× Kiv

20. G‡ÿ‡Î cÖkvm‡bi KiYxq wK e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib? K) Rbm‡PZbZv m„wó Kiv

L) evj¨weevn,‡h․ZzK I bvix wbhv©Zb †iva M) gv`K weµqKvix cÖwZôvb D‡”Q`KiY N) Ab¨vb¨

b`x mswkøó mgm¨v: cvwb I cwi‡ek

21. cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v ev ~lY ej‡Z wK †ev‡Sb? K) kã ~lY L) evq~ ~lY M) cvwb ~lY

N) gvwU ~lY O) me¸‡jv

22. Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib Avcbvi MÖv‡g cwi‡ek ~lY n‡”Q? K) n¨vu L) bv

23. hw` n¨vu nq Zvn‡j wKfv‡e ~wlZ n‡”Q? K) evq~ ~l‡Yi gva¨‡g L) cvwb ~l‡Yi gva¨‡g M) kã

~l‡Yi gva¨‡g N) meMy‡jv

24. cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡Y †iv‡Mi cÖv yf©ve n‡”Q wKbv? K) n¨vu L) bv M) Rvwb bv

N) wbiæËi

25. hw` N‡U Zvn‡j wK ai‡Yi? K) K‡jiv L) Wvqwiqv M) Avgvkq N)

G¨vRgv O)Ab¨vb¨

26. cwiev‡ii m`m¨iv Amy¯’ n‡j †Kvb ai‡Yi wPwKrmv MÖnY K‡ib? K) G¨v‡jvc¨vw_K L)

†nvwgIc¨vw_K M) KweivRx N) Ab¨vb¨

27. Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib bv‡iv` b`x ~wlZ n‡”Q? K) n¨vu L) bv M) Rvwb bv N) wbiæËi

28. hw` n¨vu nq Zvn‡j wKfv‡e ~wlZ n‡”Q? K) b`xi bve¨Zv Kgvi Kvi‡b L) U¨vbvixi eR©¨ M)

b`x fivU N) SzjšÍ cvqLvbv ¯’vcb I b`x‡Z cvqLvbvi jvBb †djv O) widvBbvix eR¨©

P) myMvi wg‡ji eR ©

29. bv‡iv` b`x ~l‡Yi d‡j wK wK mgm¨vi m„wó n‡”Q? K) cvwbevwnZ †iv‡Mi cÖv yf©ve NU‡Q

L) grm¨ m¤ú` bó n‡”Q M) be¨Zv K‡g hvIqvq cvwbi ¯Íi wb‡P †b‡g hv‡”Q N) me¸‡jv

O) Ab¨vb¨

30. b`xi cvwb Kgvi Kvi‡b †R‡j‡`i †ckvi wK cwieZ©b NU‡Q? K) n¨vu L) bv M) Rvwb bv

N) Ab¨vb¨

31. hw` n¨vu nq Zvn‡j †Kvb ai‡Yi †ckv MÖnY Ki‡Q? K) K…wl KvR L) w`bgRyi M) Ab¨Î

Mgb N) Ab¨vb¨

32. b`x‡Z K…wl KvR nq wKbv? K) n¨vu L) bv

33. hw` n¨vu nq Zvn‡j Kx Avev` nq? ......................................

34. cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v wK K…wl †ÿ‡Î cÖfve †dj‡Q? K) n¨vu L) bv M) Rvwb bv N)

wbiæËi

35. hw` n¨vu nq Zvn‡j wK ai‡Yi cÖfve †dj‡Q? K) cwi‡ek ~l‡Yi Kvi‡b e„wócvZ bv nIqvq †mP

mgm¨v L) Abve„wói Kvi‡Y Drcv`b n«vm M) De©iv kw³ K‡g hv‡”Q N) Ab¨vb¨

36. bv‡iv` b`x ~lY †iv‡a wK c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv hvq e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib? K) b`x Lbb L)

Rbm‡PZbZv m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e M) b`xZx‡i cvqLvbv ¯’vcb †iva N) Kj-KviLvbvi eR © mwVK

¯’v‡b †djv O) me¸‡jv P) Ab¨vb¨

Socio-economical and health crisis of people who are living the bank of narod river in Bangladesh

Documents

Transcript of Socio-economical and health crisis of people who are living the bank of narod river in Bangladesh