IBPS PO-2020

PROFIT & LOSS

लाभ और हानि

• Cost-Price (C.P.): The price at which an item is purchased or bought.

• Selling-Price (S.P.): The price at which an item is sold.

• Profit: If the S.P. of an item is more than the C.P. of that item (S.P. > C.P.), then the difference (S.P. – C.P.) is called PROFIT made on selling that item.

• Loss: If the S.P. of an item is less than the C.P. of that item (C.P. > S.P.), then the difference (C.P. – S.P.) is called LOSS made on selling that item.

• Profit %: Profit made on every 100 Rupees.

• Loss %: Loss made on every 100 Rupees.

• Profit or Loss is always calculated on C.P.

• Extra-Expenditure: The expenditure incurred by the seller in

bringing the items to the selling point/shop, like transportation

cost, salaries, labour cost, taxes, etc. Unless separately mentioned

in the question, this expenditure is to be included in the Cost Price.

• Marked Price (M.P. or M.R.P.): The price fixed/marked/printed for

an item.

• Discount % (D%): The reduction/waiver in percent, given on the

Marked Price of an item by a seller.

• Successive Discounts: If on the MP of an item, first R1% discount is

offered, then R2% discount is offered on the remaining amount,

and then R3% discount is offered on yet remaining amount, then

R1%, R2% and R3% discounts are called Successive Discounts.

•Profit = SP – CP; SP > CP

• Loss = CP – SP; CP > SP

•CP = SP – P; SP > CP

•CP = SP + L; CP > SP

•P% = P x 100 / CP

• L% = L x 100 / CP

Profit % Multiplier Fraction Loss % Multiplier Fraction

10 1.1 11/10 10 0.9 9/10

12.5 1.125 9/8 12.5 0.875 7/8

15 1.15 23/20 15 0.85 17/20

16.67 1.1667 7/6 16.67 0.833 5/6

20 1.2 6/5 20 0.8 4/5

25 1.25 5/4 25 0.75 ¾

30 1.3 13/10 30 0.7 7/10

33.33 1.3333 4/3 33.33 0.667 2/3

35 1.35 27/20 35 0.65 13/20

40 1.4 7/5 40 0.6 3/5

1. If an item is purchased for

Rs. 1000 and is sold at Rs. 1200,

then what will be the profit

percent?

2. If an item is purchased for Rs.

1000 and is sold at 20% profit,

then what will be the Selling

Price of the item?

3. If an item is sold for Rs.

1200 at 20% profit, then

what will be the Cost Price of

the item?

4. If an item is sold for Rs. 1200

at a profit of Rs. 200, then what

will be the profit percent?

5. One man purchased a horse and a carriage in total Rs. 3000. He sold the horse at 20% profit and the carriage at 10% loss, and by doing so he earned an overall profit of 2%. What is the cost price of the horse?

6. If the selling price of two apples is the same as the cost price of three apples, then what will be the profit percent earned?

7. If the selling price of 4 apples is equal to the cost price of 5 apples, then what will be the profit percent?

8. If the selling price of 4 apples is equal to the cost price of 3 apples, then what will be the profit or loss percent?

9. If the cost price of 7 apples is equal to the selling price of 10 apples, then what will be the profit or loss percent?

10. A man buys 10 pencils for Rs.12, and sells 12 pencils for Rs. 10. What will be his profit percent?

11. A fruit-vendor buys 3 oranges at Rs. 5 and sells 2 oranges at Rs. 4. What will be his profit percent?

12. A shopkeeper uses faulty weighing scale. While buying he cheats by 10% and while selling also he cheats by 10%. If he sells the goods at cost price, then what will be his overall profit percent?

13. A shopkeeper sells goods at cost price but uses 960 grams weight in place of 1 kg weight while measuring the goods. What will be his profit percent?

14. A man buys two books for Rs. 80 each. He sells one book at 15% profit and the other book at 15% loss. What will be his overall profit or loss percent?

15. A man sells two books at Rs. 100 each. On selling the first book he makes a profit of 10% and on selling the other book he makes a loss of 10%. What will be his overall profit or loss percent?

16. The selling price of each of the two fans is the same, while their combined cost price is Rs. 2300. One fan was sold at 20% profit and the other was sold at 10% profit. What will be the cost price of the fan which was sold at 20% profit?

17. An iron-box was sold at 15% profit. If it would have been sold for Rs. 600, then profit earned would have been 20%. What was the selling price of the iron-box?

18. A sold a bicycle to B at 20% profit, and B sold the bicycle to C at 25% profit. If C had paid Rs. 1500 for the bicycle, then at what price did A purchase the bicycle?

19. If an item is sold at 20% profit instead of 15% profit, then the selling price increases by Rs. 500. Then what is the original selling price of the item?

20. On selling a watch for Rs 820, a shopkeeper earns the same amount of profit, as the amount of loss that he would have earned on selling the watch for Rs. 650. What is the cost price of the watch?

21. An illiterate vendor increases an amount equivalent to 50% on the price of all the goods. He thinks that he has increased only 25%, hence he now reduces the prices by 25%. What will be his profit %?

22. The profit made on selling a item for Rs. 840, is twice the loss made on selling the item for Rs. 640. What will be the cost price of the item?

23. On selling 150 pens, a shopkeeper earns a profit which is equal to the selling price of 25 pens. What will be his profit percent?

SUCCESSIVE DISCOUNTS:

24. What will be the equivalent discount on giving 10% and 20% successive discounts on an item?

25. What will be the equivalent discount for successive discounts of 20%,10% and 5%?

26. What will be a single discount equivalent to three successive discounts of 30%, 20% and 10%?

27. After two successive discounts, a shirt was sold at rs. 105. If the marked price of the shirt was Rs. 150, and one of the discounts is 12.5%, then find out the second discount.

28. A shopkeeper gives 20% discount on his goods and still earns 20% profit. By what percent is the marked price greater than the cost price of the goods?

29. On giving a discount of 10% on an item, the profit made is 20%. If a discount of 20% is given on the item, then what will be the profit percent?

30. At what price should a shopkeeper mark an item which he has purchased for Rs 3000. so that after giving a discount of 25%, he can still earn a profit of 10%?

31. After a discount of 25% on the marked price of an item, if the vendor still makes a profit of 25%, then what will be the ratio between the marked price and the cost price of the item?

IBPS PO PRE 2018:

32. John bought a machine for Rs. 50,000 and spent Rs. 2000 on repairs and Rs. 500 on transport and sold it with 20% profit. What price (in Rs.) did he sell the machine?

A. 62000 B. 60000 C. 61000 D. 63000 E. None of these