Plant science

Section XIV : Plant Sciences

1

PROCEEDINGSOF THE

107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESSBangalore, 2020

PART IISECTION OF PLANT SCIENCES

President: Prof. Y. Vimala

CONTENTS

I. Presidential Address 5

II. Abstracts of Platinum Jubilee/ Award Lectures 31

III. Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures 39

IV. Abstracts of Oral / Poster Presentations 77

V. List of Past Sectional Presidents 227

VI. Authors Index 233


3

107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS

January 3-7, 2020,

Bangalore

I

PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS

President: Prof. Y. Vimala


5

Presidential Address

REALIZING ‘SSR’ INITIATIVE FOR CONSERVINGENVIRONMENT THROUGH SECONDARY PLANTATIONSON MARGINAL / DEGRADED LAND SITES

Y. VimalaDepartment of Botany, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut-250004 (U.P.)E-mail: [email protected], Cell: 9415545489

Hon’ble Chairperson, distinguished botanists, delegates, students and august audience!

Please allow me to express my deep sense of gratitude to the almighty and members of thesectional committee providing this opportunity by unanimously electing me as the Presidentof the Plant Sciences Section of the Indian Science Congress Association for this session.I also wish to pay my tributes to the great Indian botanists who have laid high standards ofplant sciences in this country. I had the privilege of personal interaction and affection withsome of them, which had sown the seeds of interest in Botany since my childhood. I owemy gratefulness to my mentors and well -wishers from Botany fraternity, my Ph.D. supervisorProf. Debashis Banerji, and my father Prof. Y.S. Murty, who inculcated my belonging tothe Plant Sciences in shaping my professional career.

In my teaching and research pursuit and also in my routine, I was always inclined towardsnon-destructive methods of making use of plants and wished to develop ways for bettersustenance of green cover on earth. My interactions with botanists on national andinternational platforms have strengthened my explorations. Therefore, I decided to speaktoday on some of those plants of medicinal value, that hold the potential not only to surviveon degraded lands but could also augment cultivability, rendering utility of such land in ruraldevelopment and amelioration of livelihood of local communities.

Key words: Degraded marginal lands, in vivo accumulation, in vitro up -scaling of medicinalprinciple, sustenance of green cover, rural development

6

Abstract

Most recently, the Department of Science & Technology, GOI is embarking on SSR(Scientific Social Responsibility) based S & T interventions as the prime thrust for scientificendeavours in India. Whereas, plant based herbal products and medicines are gainingever increasing interest globally, but the raw material for all this is still obtained from wildand forest lands. Of course, in select cases represented by major secondary crops this isobtained through organized cultivation. Therefore, in order to reduce pressure on cultivableland, and to provide livelihood support to wild collectors as an SSR initiative a plannedstudy was taken-up to explore and suggest the utilization of barren, marginal, degradedand polluted sites through secondary plantations of prospective medicinal and aromaticplants. Of the several species that could be planted on such degraded sites, a specificstudy was undertaken on two major secondary crops, one medicinal and one aromaticspecies, namely Withania somnifera and Chrysopogon zizanioides, respectively. Studiesconducted on the plantations done on the degraded site, and its replication underexperimental conditions vis-à-vis ideal cultural conditions reveal that these plants could bea good source not only to conserve and reclaim effluent afflicted, nutritionally deficient anderoded soil, but could help livelihood support to the local field dwellers, as well as achievebest utilization of barren lands. Such an approach is likely to reduce pressure on preciouscultivable land that may be otherwise used for cultivation of such secondary plants. The invitro culture studies conducted on the target plants further suggest that the source plantsobtained from the degraded sites hold promise of their further improvement for enhancedharvest of economic product.

Introduction:

In addition to huge waste land cover under usar soil and wetlands, the land degradationcontinues to be quite high in India owing to several manmade reasons including excessiveuse of agrochemicals, change in land use pattern owing to ever growing urbanization,vagaries of environmental disasters leading to erosion, landslides and silting etc. Faulty

107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020Presidential Address


7

means of agriculture adopted by marginal farmers is adding to decline in land productivity.Lack of agricultural land for staple crops and increasing demand of herbal medicines hasled to constant pressure on cultivable land area. Of the several plant species that could begrown on such degraded land, the two plants, namely Withania somnifera L. Dunal(fam: Solanaceae) and Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty (Fam: Poaceae) are wellknown for yielding withanolides – the important immunomodulatory principles, and vetivoneand vetiverols – the key perfumery component of the essential oil, respectively. Theseplants generally grow on fallow marginal lands, without disturbing the primary food crops.

In general, growth of any plant requires suitable nutrients, aeration and water with overallpH maintained around 5.8-6.0. Deviation may result into changes in metabolism to overcomeor mitigate the stress, better known as defense response by the plants, which ranges fromphenological changes to biochemical expression and may even lead to genotypic adaptationsin those plants in due course of time. However, such plantation can also result inimprovement of soil texture, nutrient status, aeration, pH and other compositional matrix,making the soil culturable for other primary crops, as well. Among the strategies of defenseresponse, the biochemical expression largely leads to production of such compounds(secondary metabolites) by the plants, which play the role of medicine or a drug candidatefor mankind. Therefore, in order to provide holistic view with respect to utilization ofdegraded lands through secondary plantations, necessary studies were conducted on thetwo identified plants mentioned above to elucidate growth, development, and metaboliccomponents onsite and under experimental garden and laboratory conditions.

The target plants were grown in different sets of experiments in polluted degraded sites aswell as control (garden) site. The in vivo potential of generating active medicinal principleswas compared with callus developed from explant taken from plants growing at differentsites. Their physiological aspects of growth when correlated with the yield of medicinalprinciple, bring out the importance of growing such medicinal plants on marginal landswhich have no potential yield value in terms of nutritional principle, but have great value interms of medicinal crops. These crops not only reap benefits for the farmers, but alsoprotect the land from further degradation, helping in restoration.

8

With my interest in plant physiology I was inclined towards the study on medicinal plantsinhabiting degraded lands to explore the possibility of their intended plantation from theperspective of active principle productivity, and use of such plantations in environmentalconservations as SSR initiative.

Choice of plants for soil reclamation and medicinal value addition:

Several medicinal plants were hence investigated and their allelopathic interactions werealso studied, as much as could be possible, to further ensure that there is no adverse effecton the yield of crop plants of the farmers with small holdings. The plants were studied forcharacteristics e.g. potential to:

• Accumulate the nutrients

• Change the structure of soil

• Mitigate the toxicity levels of soil

• Have deep and large root system

• Be fast growing and non-harmful for staple crops

• Require least input and negligible attention,

• Grow under variety of environmental conditions, etc.

• Besides, the species must have a market value.

The cultivation of medicinal plants on wastelands may further be able to decrease the pressureon wild medicinal plants utilized by local people protecting them from being endangered.Under the above mentioned criteria several plants were tested, namely, Withania somnifera,Costus speciosus, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Centella asisatica, Maytenus,Commiphora, Cassia fistula, Emblica officinalis, Mucuna pruriens, Amomum, Elettaria,Hedychium, Curcuma longa, Ricinus communis, Jatropha curcas, Vetiveria



9

(Chrysopogon) zizanioides, Rauwolfia serpentina and R. tetraphylla, Kalanchoe,Barleria prionitis and B. lupulina, Physalis peruviana, Tinospora, etc. and some interestingresults of only Withania somnifera and Vetiveria (Chrysopogon) zizanioides are beingpresented. For the study following stepwise explorations were carried out:

• Selection of ‘culturable degraded land’ sites

• Survey of plants growing on the sites and selection of plants likely to survive onsites and be useful for land reclamation and medicinal use

• Study of soil and plants at different intervals to estimate gain or loss to the soil andto the selected plants on sites compared to controls (nursery grown)

• Study of status of medicinal principle of selected plants on sites compared tocontrols

• Using explant from the plants growing on degraded land sites and nursery site,calli raised and their medicinal principle compared for added advantage, if any

Selection of polluted/wasteland sites:

Due to fast urbanization with poor drainage system the old drainage-cum- sewerage systemhas become choked with effluents entering at several points with obnoxious chemicals.Two sites irrigated by these polluted waters (Before Effluent Entry-BEE and After EffluentEntry-AEE) were selected alongwith a water filled construction site (Ditch Soil Site-DSS)and well drained, irrigated garden site to sow the selected plants.

10

Plate 1. Selected Sites of Meerut Ditch Soil Site, Before Effluent Entry and AfterEffluent Entry

Plants growing wildly at these sites was screened. Two plants: One monocot aromatic,Vetiveria (Chrysopogon) zizanioides, and the other dicot medicinal, Withania somnifera,were planted on these sites after optimizing the stage of the sowable plants in controlexperiments performed in pots using the same soil and irrigation water.



11

Characteristics of Chrysopogon (Vetiveria) zizanioides:

• Long deep fibrous roots acting as soil binder, or short and thick roots in waterloggedconditions, rich in fragrant vetivones.

• Chemical constituents are Sesquiterpene and their derivatives, namely: khusimol,khusinol, khusimone, á-vetivone, â-vetivone, junipene, ã-cadenene, clovene, á-amorphine,aromadenrine, epiglobulol, spathulenol, etc.

• Medicinally important in treatment of Prostrate cancer, diabetes, hernia,stomach problems, skin disease, irritations, kidney stones, etc. It has abortifacient,antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, termicidal, Insect repellent properties. It is also used inaromatherapy.

• Vetiver roots and leaves are used for various craft works.

Characteristics of Withania somnifera:

• Well suited to almost all soil types. It has been included in the RET species (Kavidraet al., 2000).

• Chemical constituents include Alkaloids-Nicotine, Tropine, Pseudotropine,Anaferine, Withanine, Somniferine, Somniferinine, Somnine, Pseudowithanine, Withananine,Withananinine, Isopelletirine, Anahygsine; Withasteroids (steroidal lactone)-WithanolideA, Withanolide E, Withanolide D, Withaferine A, Withanone, 27-hydroxy Withanone.1-

11,13-15,25-28,45,49

• Medicinally used for treating impotency, fever, ulcers, cough, typhoid, rheumatism,leukoderma, hiccup, anxiety, depression, anti-aging, leucorrhoea, diarrhoea, dropsy,hypertension, menstrual troubles, uterosis, dyspepsia and osteoarthritis. It is known to beimmunorestorative, provides cardiovascular protection, etc.

12

Plate 2 a. Chrysopogon zizanioides b. Withania somnifera

These plants were sown at the selected sites at the optimized stage of development. Allrelevant physiological parameters of soil and plants were estimated12,18,24,43. The resultswere interesting, as at least 5-leaf stage plantlets of Vetiver could survive in all experimentalconditions and could show best results20.

Plate 3. Vetiver pot and field plantations: a. Plantlets of different growth stage,b-h. three different provenances (DSS, AEE, BEE) at: five months pot

plantation (b-d), 12 months under field (e-h)



13

The status of organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium content in the soil and in theplantlet underwent modification for the benefit of the soil and plant, even under harshconditions. Vetiver is known to be suitable for C-sequestration29, yet its stage of plantationand type of soil provenance contribute towards regulation of C-sequestration47. 5-leafstage of vetiver plantlets was found to be the right stage in terms of tillering, OC andnitrogen status in soil and plant, during 0-5 month study in pots. Both soil as well as plantsunderwent rise in %OC in 5-leaf stage plantation during 3rd-4th month in DSS and during4th-5th month in BEE, indicating C-sequestration whereas in all the other sets % OCeither declined in soils or in plants indicating net loss of OC. Reclamation of all soils in potsor in field, by growing vetiver plants, in terms of accumulation and increased availability ofone or more nutrients in the soils was noted. Whereas, Rumex spp. on the other hand,growing on all polluted sites, was poor in C:N content, nor did conserve the soil.

The below mentioned selective graphic presentations explain this fact:

14

Tissue Culture of Chrysopogon zizanioides and Withania somnifera:

Nodal explant exhibited good callus culture with initiation of organogenesis (rooting) in C.zizanioides. Change in Plant Growth Regulator supplementation to MS medium resultedin friable to nodular, white sticky to pink with anthocyanin and organogenetic type cultures.(Plate 4). Plantlet regeneration and hardening could also be achieved from polluted sitegrown vetiver plants. (Plate 5).

Plate 4. C. zizanioides culm-node Callus raised on different media



15

Plate 5. Plantlet regeneration in C. zizanioides(Explant taken from AEE grown potted plants)

The induction of callus, though has been shown by other workers too, is important, as ithas been raised in the present study from polluted area (AEE) grown plant’s explant. Suchculture is initially painstaking due to excessive possible infection, but its results are costeffective. Farmers may not take up the in vitro procedures, but their collaboration withherbal drug industry might reap them some benefit even out of marginal or wasteland.

16

Plate 6. Withania somnifera pot plantation

Plate 7. Withania somnifera on site field plantation



17

Plate 8: Callus raised from explants taken from DSS, AEE, BEE grown plantsand transferred on various media

Withania somnifera leaf explants taken from control to polluted soil grown plants wereeffective in developing callus under certain combinations of PGRs supplemented to MSmedium. In vitro Plantlet Regeneration in all the experimental sets was also achieved incase of W. somnifera as well (Plate 9).

18

Plate 9. Plantlet Regeneration from Withania somnifera calli raised fromexplants taken from AEE site grown plants



19

Interestingly, the analysis of medicinal principles exhibited in vitro production of withanolides.Attempts to produce withanolides through tissue culture have been reported earlier (Heble,1985; Roja et al., 1991; Banerjee et al., 1994; Vitali et al., 1996, Ray et al., 1996;Furmanova et al., 2001; Ray and Jha, 2001). Sharda et al. (2007) have reportedwithanolide production by in vitro culture of Withania somnifera and have found itsassociation with differentiation.

Table 1. Withanolides and phenolic content of different plant parts (seeds,leaves and roots) of Withania somnifera pots and field grown plants under

selected soil provenances

20

As compared to DSS and BEE leaf (from 12 months-old pot plants), total withanolidecontent increased in the calli on all the combinations of growth regulators used and maximumrise (153.85 and 1050%, respectively) was recorded in the callus sub-cultured onMS+2.0mg/l BAP+0.1mg/l NAA combination.

Conclusions:

5-leaf stage of vetiver plantlets was right stage in terms of tillering, OC (organic carbon)and nitrogen status in soil and plant, during 0-5 months study in pots. Both soil as well asplants underwent rise in %OC in 5-leaf stage plantation during 3rd -4th month in DSS andduring 4th -5th month in BEE, indicating C-sequestration whereas in all the other sets %OC either declined in soils or in plants indicating net loss of OC. Reclamation of all soils inpots or in field, by growing vetiver plants, in terms of accumulation and increased availabilityof one or more nutrients in the soils42,47. Rumex spp. on the other hand, growing on allpolluted sites, was poor in C:N content, nor did conserve the soil.

Plantlet regeneration from callus developed using AEE/BEE (polluted sites) grown potplants was also an achievement. Callus induced on lower 2,4-D concentration (0.5mg/l)led to accumulation of NRS, phenolics, proteins and nitrogen content exhibiting stressedstate, rich in secondary metabolites which could be useful for medicinal purpose.

On experimental site net gain in OC, nitrogen, phosphorus, K+ and loss of Na+ indicatesusefulness of Withania somnifera in reclamation of soil without its own loss of growth.

As compared to DSS and BEE leaf (from 12 months old pot plants), total withanolidecontent increased in calli, on all the combinations of growth regulators used, and maximumrise being on 2.0mg/l BAP+0.1 mg/l NAA combination, phenolics declined in contrast towithanolides. The soils exhibited increase in pH. P, K+ in polluted sites in 12 months. OC,Na, K, protein, Reducing sugars increased in potted plants but not in on-site plants. NRSand TS increased in potted and on-site plants. In polluted site-grown plants C-N defence



21

compounds accumulated as compared to potted plants, where decline in one componentwas complemented by increase of the same in soil.

In both pot and field plants, in general, reclamation of DSS along with considerable growthand yield of required metabolites has been achieved by Vetiver and Withania plantation.AEE soil exhibited accumulation of P and K+ and decline in Na+ reducing the possibilityof salinity damage to the plants.

Utility of the Study:

Both the selected plants for present study i.e. Chrysopogon zizanioides and Withaniasomnifera can be used for wasteland reclamation.

Above ground part (leaf) of these plants accumulated more medicinal principleswhen grown on such sites, and can be used for harvesting the medicinal principleswithout uprooting them, thus minimizing the pressure on such plants and protectingthem from being endangered. Pharmaceutical companies can utilize such landsfor growing medicinal plants to meet the huge ever increasing requirement,especially Withania somnifera and Chrysopogon zizanioides, without increasingpressure on agricultural land.

Using explants from plants, growing on such sites, more secondary metabolites can beobtained in vitro. The farmer-industry ties might then reap benefits for the marginal landowners as well.

As the objective of the Indian Science Congress is to uphold the rural developmentusing Science and Technology, this simple method of reclaiming the marginal landand achieving cash returns while saving the environment, may be a step to achievethe same.

22

I extend my acknowledgements to the Department of Botany, CCS University, Meerutfor providing lab facilities, to CSIR for financial assistance and to my research scholarswho have faithfully contributed in carrying out this work.

References:

1. Andallu, B. and Radhika, B. (2000). Hypoglycemic, diuretic andhypocholesterolemic effect of winter cherry (Withania somnifera) root. IndianJ. Exp Biol.; 38: 607-609.

2. Angalagan, K. and Sadique, J. (1981). Influence of an Indian medicine(ashwagandha) on acute-phase reactants in inflammation. Indian J. Exp Biol; 19:245-249.

3. Banerjee, S., Naqvi, A.A., Mandal, S. and Ahuja, P.S. (1994). Transformation ofWithania somnifera (L.) Dunal by Agrobacterium rhizogenes: Infectivity andphytochemical studies. Phytother. Res., 8: 452-455.

4. Begum, V.H. and Sadique, J. (1988). Long-term effect of herbal drug Withaniasomnifera on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Indian J Exp Biol; 26: 877-882.

5. Bhattacharya, S.K., Bhattacharya, A., Chakrabarti, A., Bhattacharya, A. andChakrabarti, A. (2000). Adaptogenic activity of scoline, apolyherbalformulation of ayurvedic rasayanas. Indian J. Exp. Bio., 38 (2): 119-128.

6. Bhattacharya, S.K., Bhattacharya, A., Sairam, K. and Ghosal, S. (2000).Anxiolytic-antidepressant activity of Withania somnifera glycowithanolides: anexperimental study. Phytomedicine; 7: 463-469.



23

7. Bhattacharya, S.K., Bhattacharya, D., Sairam, K. and Ghosal, S. (2002). Effectof Withania somnifera glycowithanolides on a rat model of tardive dyskinesia.Phytomedicine; 9: 167-170.

8. Bhattarcharya, S.K. and Muruganandam, A.V. (2003). Adaptogenic activity ofWithania somnifera: an experimental study using a rat model of chronic stress.Pharmacol Biochem Behav; 75: 547-555.

9. Bone, K. (1996). Clinical Applications of Ayurvedic and Chinese Herbs.Monographs for the Western Herbal Practitioner. Australia: Phytotherapy Press;137-141.

10. Chaudhary, G., Sharma, U., Jagannathan, N. and Gupta, Y. (2003). Evaluation ofWithania somnifera in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke in rats.Clin. Exp. Pharmacol Physiol; 30:399-404.

11. Chen, F., Wang, Xi. and Kim, Hyun-Jin. (2003). Antioxidant, Anticarcinogenicand Termicidal Activities of Vetiver Oil. Proceedings of Third InternationalConference on Vetiver and Exhibition. Vetiver and Water. Oct 6-9, pp. 579-583.

12. Datta, N. P., Khera, M.S. and Saini, T. R. (1962) A rapid colorimetric procedurefor the determination of Organic carbon in the soil. J. Indian Soil Sciences.10:67-74.

13. Davis, L. and Kuttan, G. (2000). Immunomodulatory activity of Withaniasomnifera. J. Ethnopharmacol; 71:193-200.

14. Davis, L. and Kuttan, G. (2002). Effect of Withania somnifera on CTL activity.J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res.; 21:115-118.

24

15. Furmanowa, M. (2001). In vitro propagation of Withania somnifera and isolationof withanolide with immunosuppressive activity. Planta Med., 67: 146-149.

16. Furmanowa, M., Gajdzis Kuls, D., Pukacka, S., Pukacki, P., Zobel, A.,Malinowski, M. (2001). Increase of withaferin-A and glutathione contents ofWithania somnifera (L.) Dun. shoots cultivated in vitro on medium supplementedwith Zn2+. Herba Polonica.47(4): 275-279.

17. Girish, C. and Reddy, Y.N. (2017) Physicochemical and phytochemical evaluationof different extracts of Withania somnifera, International Jour. Of Res. InPharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. 2: 1-5

18. Gupta, A.P., Verma, R.K., Misra, H.O. and Gupta, M.M. (1996). Quantitativedetermination of withaferin-A in different plant parts of Withania somniferaby TLC densitometry. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences. 18:788-790.

19. Gupta, M.K. and Vimala, Y. (2010) In vitro regeneration of biochemically superiorvetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) explants from polluted sites. Journal of Eco-friendly Agriculture. 5 (2): 110-113.

20. Gupta, Maneesh K. and Vimala Y. (2011) Optimization of plantlet stage for vetiver(Vetiveria zizanioides) plantation in different soil provenances, Journal of Eco-friendly Agriculture 6(1):33-36

21. Gupta, P.K., Priyanka, V., Harimath L., Kumar S.N. and Srivastav, A.K. (2018)Etraction of phytochemicals from Eucalyptus spp and Withania somnifera andtheir biological testing. American J. Microbiol. Res. 6(4): 115-123.



25

22. Heble, M.R. (1985). Multiple shoot cultures: a viable alternative in vitro systemfor the production of known and new biologically active plant constituents. In:Neumann, K.H., Barz, W., Reinhard, E. (ed.): Primary and Secondary Metabolismof Plant Cell Cultures. pp 281-289. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

23. Jaleel, C.A., P. Manivannan, M. Gomathinayagam, R. Sridharan and R.Panneerselvam (2007e). Responses of antioxidant potentials in Dioscorearotundata Poir. following paclobutrazol drenching. Comptes Rendus Biologies,330: 798-805.

24. Kannan, N.D. and Kulandaivelu, G. (2007). Novel method to isolatewithaferin-A from Withania somnifera roots and its bioactivity. AllelopathyJournal. 20(1): 213-220.

25. Kuboyama, T., C. Tohda and K. Komatsu (2005). Neuritic regeneration andsynaptic reconstruction induced by withanolide A. Br. J. Pharmacol., 144:961-971.

26. Kulkarni, R.R., Patki, P.S. and Jog, V.P. (1991). Treatment of osteoarthritis witha herbomineral formulation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study.J. Ethnopharmacol; 33:91-95.

27. Kurup, P. A. (1956). Antibiotic principle of the leaves of Withania somnifera.Curr. Sci.25: 57-60.

28. Kuttan G. (1996). Use of Withania somnifera Dunal as an adjuvant during radiationtherapy. Indian J Exp Biol.,34: 854-856.

29. Lavania, U.C. and Lavania, S. 2009. Sequestration of atmospheric carbon intosubsoil horizons through deep-rooted grasses-Vetiver grass model. CurrentScience, 97:618-619.

26

30. Leyon, P.V. and Kuttan, G. (2004). Effect of Withania somnifera on B16F-10melanoma induced metastasis in mice. Phytother. Res.18:118-122.

31. Murashige, T. and F. Skoog (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth andbioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant, 15: 437-497.

32. Panda, S. and Kar, A. (1999). Withania somnifera and Bauhinia purpurea inthe regulation of circulating thyroid hormone concentrations in female mice. J.Ethnopharmacol; 67:233-239.

33. Patwardhan, B., Vaidha, A.D.B and Charghade, M. (2004). Ayurveda andNatural products drug discovery. Curr. Scienc., 86 (6): 789-799.

34. Ram, P.V., Naidu, M.U.L. and Raju, Y.S.N. (2002). Preliminary clinical evaluationof efficacy and safety of new poly herbal drug IMMU-25 in HIV infectedpatients- an open study. Phytomedica.3: 1-12.

35. Ray, A. B. and Gupta, M. (1994). Withasteroids, a growing group of naturallyoccurring steroidal lactones. Prog. Chem. Org. Nat. Prod., 63: 1—106.

36. Ray, S. and Jha, S. (2001). Production of withaferin-A in shoot cultures of Withaniasomnifera. Planta Med. 67: 432-436.

37. Ray, S., Ghosh, B., Sen, S. and Jha, S. (1996). Withanolide production by rootcultures of Withania somnifera transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes.Planta Med. 62: 571-573.

38. Roja, G., Heble, M. R. and Sipahimalani, A. T. (1991) Tissue cultures of Withaniasomnifera: morphogenesis and withanolide synthesis. Phytother. Res.5: 185-187.



27

39. Sangwan, R.S., Chaurasiya, N.D., Lal, P., Misra, L., Uniyal, G.C., Sangwan,N.S. and Tuli, R. (2008). Withanolide A is inherently de novo biosynthesized inroots of the medicinal plant ashwagandha (Withania somnifera). PhysiologiaPlantarum.133: 278-287.

40. Sharda, M., Ahuja, A., Suri, K.A ,.Vij, S.P, Khajuria, R.K, Verma, V. and Kumar,A.. (2007). Withanolide production by in vitro culture of Withania somniferaand its association with differentiation. Biologia Plantarum. 51 (1), 161-164.

41. Shengluan, Lu. (2003). Vetiver Research for Agricultural production on RedSoils. The King of Thailand Vetiver Awards Winner’ Papers. pp: 1-10.

42. Shu, W. and Xia, H. (2003). Integrated vetiver technique for remediation of heavymetal contamination: Potential and practice. Proceedings of Third InternationalConference on Vetiver and Exhibition. Vetiver and Water. Oct 6-9, pp: 428-438.

43. Snell, D.F. and Snell, C.T. (1967) Colorimetric methods of analysis includingphotometric methods. IV A: 331-332.

44. Supe, U., Fanisha, D. and Roymon, M.G. (2006). In vitro Plant regeneration ofWithania somnifera. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 16(2): 11-115.

45. Tohda, C., Komatsu, K. and Kuboyama, T. (2005). Scientific basis for the anti-dementia drugs of constituents from Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)(Chemical & Pharmacological

28

46. Vanisree, M., Lee, C.V., Lo, S.F., Nalawade, S.M., Lin, C.N. and Tsay, H.S.(2004). Studies on production of some important secondary metabolites.Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 45: 1-22.

47. Vimala, Y. and Kataria, S.K. (2003). Physico-chemical study of vetiver in wetlandsoil reclamation. Proceedings of Third International Conference on Vetiverand Exhibition. Vetiver and Water. Oct 6-9, pp: 446-450.

48. Vitali, G., Conte, L. and Nicoletti, M. (1996). Withanolide composition and invitro culture of Italian Withania somnifera. Planta Med. 62: 287-288.

49. Ziauddin, M., Phansalkar, N. and Patki, P. (1996). Studies on theimmunomodulatory effects of Ashwagandha. J. Ethnopharmacol; 50: 69-76.



29


January3-7, 2020

Bangalore

II

ABSTRACTS OF

PLATINUM JUBILEE LECTURE /

AWARD LECTURES


31

PLATINUM JUBILEE LECTURE

INNOVATIVE HERBAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR SOLDIER &SOCIETY

Rajesh Arora

Scientist ‘F’ & Additional Director,Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDOLucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi-110054,(Former Director-Life Sciences, Directorate General-Life Sciences, DRDOHeadquarters, New Delhi)[email protected]

Keywords: Herbal Technologies, Defence, Soldier, Society

The operational needs of the military necessitate operations under inhospitable andunforgiving environments that can severely impact both physical and cognitive performanceof the warriors. Military operations also present a plethora of unique human-related problemsdue to volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous milieu in which soldiers have to inevitablyoperate and often there are no expedient solutions available to counter such challenges.Innovative technologies are needed to help the soldier operate unhindered in a highlyconstrained and challenging environment. While hardware-based military technologies haveinnovated at a very rapid pace, the human-centric technologies have lagged behind. Witha view to filling this gap, DRDO has endeavoured to develop human-centric solutions tothe specific problems faced by our soldiers.

The fields of current research focus encompass, but are not limited to: development ofintricate life support systems and technologies, promoting health and well-being of soldier,development of strategic support systems; terrain, operation and platform-specific herbal

32

products for prevention/treatment of soldier-specific problems under diverse and difficultenvironments; chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) countermeasuresfor protecting the health of troops who might be exposed to various occupational andother toxic/hazardous environments; development of medical countermeasures for achievingprotection against the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation and management of radiationemergencies arising due to covert/overt operations by state- and non-state actors;development of fast, rapid, reliable, off-site and on-site detection technologies for themanagement of emerging and re-emerging pathogens, which pose imminent biothreats,and newer chemical warfare agents that can be life-threatening; design and developmentof herbal mitigators against multidrug-resistant pathogens and modelling for the managementof worst-case biothreat scenarios; herbal vaccine adjuvants; novel technologies for battlewound management, blast injuries and traumatic brain injuries, including development ofpalliative modalities; herbals for low intensity conflict (LIC) operations and crowdmanagement; state-of-the-art technologies, SOPs, protocols and products for themanagement of cold and heat injuries; nutritional supplements, ergogenic aids andadaptogens for improved physical and cognitive performance, high-altitude stressmanagement and rapid acclimatization, UV protection; alleviation of sea sickness;prevention of snake bites in snake infested areas; herbal products for vector control inforward areas; nutritional combat rations, appetite modulation and functional militaryoperation-specific foods for land, air and sea warriors; design and development of mission-specific food for astronauts; development of high altitude agro-technologies to meet thefresh food requirement at high altitudes through their cultivation via sustainable ruraldevelopment model; development of survival gardens for meeting exigencies in land-lockedregions; exploiting bioenergy as emergency fuel, systematic documentation of traditionalherbal knowledge of inaccessible areas of the country, mainly in high altitude and remoteregions; techniques for germplasm conservation of rare, endangered and threatened medicinaland aromatic plant species, including long-term storage in permafrost; unique approachesfor augmenting the low-volume, high-value secondary metabolites like podophyllotoxinand its derivatives like demethylpodophylotoxin and podophylotoxin D-glucoside,

107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020Abstracts of Platinum Jubilee/Award Lecture


33

camptothecin, vincristine, vinblastine, rutin etc. The protocols developed are immenselyuseful for sustainable, cheap and reliable alternative production source of anticancer,antioxidant, anti-HIV and radioprotective compounds; frugal technology development foruse during disaster management and in National societal missions. The DRDO herbaltechnologies developed exemplify ‘Made in India’, and several of these have been translatedinto tangible products and ToT done to the industry. A glimpse of some promising innovativeherbal technologies developed, along with emerging trends will be given during the Lecture.

Disclaimer: The views expressed are personal to the author and do not necessarilyreflect the views of the Govt. of India or the Ministry of Defence/DRDO or any otherinstitution/agency whatsoever and may be construed as such. This article includesonly unclassified information.

34

DR. V.PURI MEMORIAL AWARD LECTURE:

ROLE OF PHENOTYPIC VARIATIONS IN ESTABLISHMENTOF INVASIVE PLANTS: A CASE STUDY ON PARTHENIUMHYSTEROPHORUS L.

Daizy R. Batish

Professor, Department of Botany, Panjab University, [email protected]

Keywords: Invasive Plants, Phenotypic Plasticity, Parthenium hysterophorus

Biological invasions are one of the greatest environmental and economic threats of thepresent era. Globalization and human interventions have resulted in circulation of speciesacross the geographic boundaries. However, not every migrated individual couldaccommodate itself in an alien environment, except for the ones that possess some specificadaptive attributes. Enormous reproductive potential, ecological adaptability and allelopathicproperties are responsible for the widespread growth of invasive plants. These traits accountfor the biological diversity and ecological functioning and have a significant influence on thesurvival of the concerned plant species. Further, these adaptive and highly plastic attributeshelp in the successful transitioning of an exotic plant species into invasive category over thecourse of time after their introduction. The phenotypic plasticity is also instrumental inestablishing an alien plant in the introduced range. The said variations can either be geneticor phenotypic. Identifying them will positively prove useful in understanding the process ofselection, fundamental behavior, scope of acclimatization, expansion, management andultimately the prediction for future invasions. Determining the phenotypic variations in invasiveplants particularly Parthenium hysterophorus L. in response to climatic changes mayhelp in estimating their probable response towards the potential seasonal drifts.

107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020Abstracts of Platinum Jubilee/Award Lecture


35

PROF. HIRALAL CHAKRAVARTY AWARD LECTURE:

CUTTING FERTILISERS USE IN CROP PRODUCTION

Jitender Giri

National Institute of Plant Genome Research, ArunaAsaf Ali Road, New Delhi, India,Email: [email protected];

Phosphorus (P) fertilizer’s supply is a strategic issue for India as we depend on importsdue to the lack of sufficient reserves in the country. The global source of P is rock phosphate,which is expected to be exhausted in the future. Rice is the largest grown crop in India andconsequently consumes a major share of P-fertilisers. Organic-P, which is formed bymicrobes and decaying biomaterial comprises about ~50% of total soil P. Plants cannotuse organic-P before it is mineralized to release free P. This process is slow and plants relyon microbes for the secretion of enzymes which can release the free P from organiccompounds. We have identified genes in rice which encode enzymes for the mineralizationof organic-P in soil. These enzymes, named Purple Acid Phosphatases (PAPs),couldmineralize P from a variety of organic-P forms. We raised transgenic rice overproducingPAPs and demonstrated an enhanced secretion of these enzymes by the roots of engineeredplants. These transgenic plants were then grown in a soil where organic manure was usedas a sole source of fertilizers, including P. Remarkably; engineered lines displayed a bettergrowth and productivity over non-transgenic plants. The use of such improved rice linescan, therefore, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in rice cultivation. Our work has alsodemonstrated the key role of root architecture traits in improving P uptake from the soil inrice. Such strategies can help achieve the goal of sustainable food production.


37


January 3-7, 2020

Bangalore

III

ABSTRACTS OF

SYMPOSIUM/INVITED LECTURES

A. Foreign Invited Speaker Invited talk by Prof. Tetsuro MIMURA: 39

B. Symposium - I: Secondary Plantations In Rural Development: 43

C. Symposium - II: Environmental & Experimental Botany In 57Rural Development:


39

Invited talk by Foreign Scientist

CELL- SPECIFIC ANALYSIS OF LOCALIZATION OFSECONDARY METABOLITES IN MEDICINAL PLANT.

Tetsuro MIMURA1, Kotaro YAMAMOTO1, 2, Mai UZAKI1, Miwa OHNISHI1,Hajime MIZUNO3, Tsutomu MASUJIMA4, Katsutoshi TAKAHASHI5.1 Kobe University, 2 Max Planck Institute, 3 The University of Shizuoka, 4RIKEN, 5AIST

Keywords: Catharanthus roseus, MIA

Most plants produce secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids, alkaloids and/orfravonoids, against herbivores or pathogenic microorganisms. It is also well known thatthese substances are important for human lives as luxury grocery items or medicines, etc.Thus, there are many researches on metabolic pathways, enzymes, or genes involvingsecondary metabolites.

Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don is a famous medicinal plant producing antitumor drugs,such as vinblastine and vincristine, which are classified as monoterpenoidindole alkaloid(MIA). MIA biosynthesis of C. roseus is not completed in one type of cells. Iridoidcompound secologanin biosynthesized through MEP pathway in IPAP cell, and indolederivativetryptamine made in epidermal cells through shikimate pathway, are condensedto strictosidine, central precursor of MIA in vacuoles of epidermal cells. After somereactions on strictosidine in epidermis, intermediates and final products are accumulated inspecialized cells so called idioblast cells and laticifer cells. At present, althoughthe syntheticpathway of MIA is well studied because of its value for human life, the relation betweenMIA biosynthesis and metabolic differentiation of these cells are remaining as the primarysubject.

40

To clarify above subjects, we used cutting-edge metabolome analyses, that are ImagingMS and Single cell MS, in order to detect what kinds of MIAs localize in various cells ineach tissue. In our measurement, we found that MIA compositions of each cell are differentfrom what was previously assumed by the expression analysis of genes of enzymes. Further,we found that secondary metabolite compositions of idioblast and laticifer cells differentlychange dependent on the leaf age.

In the present lecture, we would like to introduce a new methodology and cell biologicalanalysis for localization of secondary metabolites in a medicinal plant.

107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures


41

Symposium-I

SECONDARY PLANTATIONS IN RURALDEVELOPMENT


43

GREENING AND GREEN ENERGY PRODUCTION ASMAJOR COMPONENTS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT INTHE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL WARMING INDUCEDCLIMATE CHANGE

Debashis Banerji Advisor Bioscience, Baba Amte Centre for People’s Empowerment,Samaj Pragati Sahayog, Bagli, Distt Dewas, MP, India(Formerly, Professor of Botany, CCS University, Meerut, India)[email protected]

Keywords: Green Energy, Kharif, Rain water Harvesting, Climatic change

In recent times, global warming induced climate change has become quite apparent globally.

Such climate change is adversely affecting the farming sector of Rural India, especially ofthe drylands, which constitute 70 % of India. This is happening through, for instance,untimely rain withdrawal during sowing and downpours at preharvest phase, in both kharifand rabi seasons. It is imperative, therefore, to incorporate and implement preventivemeasures as Greening and shift to Green Energy, in the paradigms of rural development tocontain global warming. Our, nearly three decades of successful holistic watersheddevelopment work, in some rainfed drylands of MP, India have indicated some pathsahead in this direction. A village is delimited as an ecological watershed unit and holisticdevelopmental work is implemented with Water Conservation as the fulcrum. Withoutproper surface and ground water resource, Greening, involving, successful farming,agrohorticulture, afforestation, forest regeneration etc., and Green energy production, as,biogas (besides solar panels) etc., are not optimally feasible. Our interventions, with themajority small and marginal farmers, therefore, involve, community based, rainwaterharvesting, coupled to a sustainable biofarm agro-horticulture culture programme, properland use planning, on way to proper survival and Greening. Further, for energy self sufficiency

44

and prevention of fire wood cutting, alternative renewable energy sources as Biogas usehas been extensively introduced besides use of solar panels, a step towards Green Energy.The process of water harvesting generated primary employment and due to filling of drywells, rainfed kharif farming got extended to rabi season also, thus generating furtheremployment. There have been other, interventions too, as women SHG federations, womenbased agri producer company, income generating programmes etc. These works over theyears, led to increase in farm area, forest regeneration, plantations etc., and speciallyprevention of outmigration. With people staying back in the villages and strong womengroups, Greening and use of renewable Green Energy could be done with communityparticipation. The micro work could be upscaled to Macro level through empowermentprogramme in our Baba Amte Centre for People’s Empowerment. The main learning hasbeen that, all development paradigms must have environmental regeneration andemployment generation as major components and that the economic system has to bea subsystem of the ecosystem and not overwhelm and destroy the ecosystem. Thenonly, one can hope for prevention of destructive global warming in future generations.

PROSPECTING TRAIT-SPECIFIC GENES FROM INDIANMULBERRY

Nataraja N KarabaDepartment of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK,[email protected]

Keywords: Indian Mulberry, leaf surface wax, PUFs

The major goal of tree improvement programme is sustainable management of geneticresources to produce or develop well-adapted genotypes of the desired traits or quality.In recent years, efforts are being made for targeted manipulation of specific traits in trees,through genetic engineering approaches. For such approaches, precise understanding of



45

molecular mechanisms associated with the traits is pre-requisite. Although generalmechanisms linked to specific traits studied in model plant systems like Arabidopsis can beused for engineering the trees systems, some of the traits cannot be targeted as perennialsystems have evolved more complex and diverse approaches to modulate growth anddevelopment. Therefore, there is a need to look for a good tree model system to understandthe underlying molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanisms that coordinate theirgrowth and development. We are using Mulberry (Morus sp.), a fast-growing perennialplant being cultivated extensively for commercial silk production, as model tree system(Dhanyalakshmi and Nataraja 2018). Mulberry is known for its high adaptability to diverseabiotic stress conditions, including drought. We attempted to evaluate drought toleranttraits, namely water conservation and cellular tolerance mechanisms in mulberry andvalidated many genes linked to the traits. We demonstrated that leaf surface wax load andcrystal morphology are crucial for water conservation (Mamrutha et al., 2010; Mamruthaet al., 2017). With the help of transcriptomic aproach we identified many upstream regulatorygenes associated with cellular tolerance (Dhanyalakshmi et al., 2016; Sajeevan and Nataraja,2016). Many stress-responsive proteins of unknown functions (PUFs) have been identifiedand partially validated. One of the PUFs, identified as Universal stress proteins (USPs)-like, was found to impart cellular level tolerance under stress. We also identified andvalidated an RNA binding protein (RBPs-like gene), which contributed for cellular leveltolerance. The information generated in mulberry would be useful for targeted traitimprovement in crops.

46

ROLE OF ETHNO-BOTANY IN SEARCH OF NEWER DRUGPLANTS & IN CONSERVATION OF BIOLOGICALDIVERSITY: SOME CONCERNS & ISSUES

R. R. Rao, FNASc., FASc., FNA.INSA Honorary Scientist, Bengaluru(C 303, 6th main, 16th cross, Indiranagar, Bangalore– 560 038)(formerly, Director level Scientist, CSIR-NBRI ans CSIR-CIMAP)[email protected]

Keywords: ‘Ethno botany’, ethnic tribes, medicinal plants, biodiversity.

The term ‘Ethno-botany’ was coined by Harshberger in 1876 to denote ‘the study ofplants used by aboriginal people’. Today the term denotes the entire realm of directrelationship between plants and human population. Indian region is one of the greatestEmporia of ethno-botanical wealth and a store house of traditional knowledge. The profoundtraditional knowledge on resource use and their conservation by the ethnic tribes providemodern scientists with unparalleled opportunities for research and product development.The ethno-botanical diversity of medicinal plants in India is very huge and have greatpotential for drug development. However, use of number of diverse, unrelated medicinalplant species for a particular ailment by different ethnic tribes in India is one major issueobserved with regard to the use of traditional medicinal plants. The author stresses theneed for Short listing and prioritizing the ethnic leads for a specific ailment by cris-crossingof information through cross-cultural ethno-botanical studies among different ethnictribes within a country and then compare with other developing countries in the region forintense bio prospecting and drug development. Use of a particular species for the sameailment by different unrelated ethnic groups indicates the efficacy and potential of theseplants for drug development. Therefore, intensive ethno botanical surveys followed bycross-cultural studies are essential to extract the valuable information on medicinal plantsfor ultimate drug development for human welfare. However, the lack of tribe wise ethno-



47

botanical database is projected as one of the major constraints in this direction. Speakingon the enormous floristic diversity in India, the author also highlights how the tribal wisdomhelps in conservation of Biological diversity. It is stressed that the tribal people are thetrue conservators of biodiversity through their indigenous ways of protection andmanagement of forests. Some such ways of conservation of biological diversity by tribalpopulations through taboos and beliefs are also discussed.

TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS FOR RURALDEVELOPMENT USING ENVIRONMENTAL ANDEXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

S.K. Barik, FNAScDirector, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, [email protected]

Keywords: Phytoremediation, Sodic soils, Secondary metabolites, Microbial technologies

In order to make environmental and experimental botany more relevant in India, technologiesand products for rural development need to be developed using these two sciences. Thescience of Environmental Botany has contributed immensely to the growth of environmentalbiotechnology in India. These technologies range from amelioration of problematic sodicsoils by applying growth promoting bacterial and fungal consortia to plant-basedphytoremediation technologies. Microbial technologies along with nutrient and plantaugmentation/stimulation have proved to be effective in degrading several toxic soil pollutantssuch as arsenic, HCH and cyanide, and reclaiming the wastelands. Experimental Botanythat deals with the fundamental processes or mechanisms in plants provides valuable leadsto the improvement of plants for the sustainable production of food, fuel, targeted secondarymetabolites for healthcare, and renewable materials. The author has presented a few casestudies on above aspects highlighting the technologies and products of CSIR-NationalBotanical Research Institute for rural development, which were invented based on thescience of environmental and experimental botany.

48

VETIVER ECOSYSTEM SERVICE MODEL IN RURALDEVELOPMENT

Seshu LavaniaProfessor, Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow, Immediate PastPresident, Plant Science Section of [email protected]

Keywords: Vetiver plantations, Ecosystem service

Vetiver grass, Chrysopogon zizaniodes (L) Roberty, a C4 grass native to India has beentraditionally used for its perfumery roots and hedges for contour protection. Although,vetiver oil is a perfume in its own right and highly valued in perfumery industry, instead thisgrass is now used for environmental conservation, pollution mitigation, landslide disastermanagement, river bank and slope stabilization in over 100 countries. However, to realizeits utility in environmental protection as bioengineering tool in eco-plantations, it is desirablethat the plantations are useful to the local communities without disturbing the plantationsper se for their sustainability. Value added agricultural practices such as intercroppingbetween vetiver hedge rows, utilization of above ground part as forage and in handicraftindustry vis-à-vis reclamation of wastelands and problem soils are prospective measuresunder Ecosystem Service Model. All such issues shall be discussed with illustrated examplesbeginning with formulation of plantation strategies and implementation of practices.



49

CRUCIAL ROLE OF BIOLOGISTS AND EDUCATIONALINSTITUTES IN CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY IN 21ST

CENTURY

S. R. Yadav, FNASc, FNAINSA Senior Scientist,Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416 004 (MS)[email protected]

Keywords: Biodiversity consrervation, Deforestation, Mega-diversity

Plants have played and will play a fundamental role in continuous augment and sustain thediversity of life along with their own diversity. The flowering plants are of utmost importancefor the progress of humankind and rest of the animal world. Angiosperms are ubiquitousand greatly diversified totalling to nearly 2,53,300 species belonging to about 13,372genera and 485 families. However, human activities have resulted into 6th mass extinctionand major cause for this extinction is man himself threatening the very existence of Homosapiens themselves. Deforestation, modification and destruction of habitats, pollution,globalization, invasive weeds, forest fires, agriculture, climate change etc are major causesof biodiversity loss. We are destructing 300 acres of forest per hour and losing 1-2 speciesof flowering plantsper hour for all the 365 days of a year. We will be losing 50% ofbiodiversity by the end of 21st century. Under this circumstance and with increasing humanpopulation, the world is undergoing acute problem of shortage of bio-resources, food,fodder, medicines etc and facing serious problems of global warming, pollution, invasionsby weeds, rampant destruction of forests, plundering of the planet leading to impoverishedplanet earth.

India, the 7th largest country in the world and 2nd largest nation in Asia with an area of3,287,263 sq km is blessed with diversity of habitats supporting high biodiversity. Indiahas only 2.4% of the total land mass of the world but has about 11% of the total floristic

50

diversity. The country is one of the 18 Mega-diversity Centers and shares 4 of the 34global hotspots of biodiversity. There are about 18700 species of flowering plants belongingto about 2990 genera of which 977 genera are endemic. In India about 25 major andminor crop plant species were domesticated and about 1500 wild edible plants speciesare used by villagers. Of the 3000 medicinal species recorded in India, 85% of which arewild. Similarly, about 10,000 wild plant species are used by native communities and thetribal people use around 3900 species as edible, 8000 as medicine. Thus, India is thetreasure house of tremendous biodiversity.

MANGROVE FOREST RESTORATION ORREHABILITATION: DO WE HAVE RESTORED ALLECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS IT ORIGINALLY PROVIDED?

Sahadev Sharma1*, Richard A MacKenzie2

1 Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia;2 Institute of Pacific Island Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii,[email protected]

Keywords: Mangrove, subtropical coastal areas, ecosystem, deforestation

Mangrove forest provides several ecosystem services along the tropical and subtropicalcoastal areas. Though, they are very important and fragile ecosystem around half of globalmangrove area covered has lost due to degradation and deforestation. Mangrove restorationand rehabilitation program have increased in last 15 years through involving local coastalcommunities, where they depend on mangroves for their livelihood. These restoration andrehabilitation programs undertaken to established lost ecosystem services they provideespecially coastal protection in context of local communities. However, it is still unclear ifthey are providing the same ecosystem services as pristine forest and how long it takes forthese forests to provide same services?



51

AN APPRAISAL ON THE FLORA OF EASTERN GHATS,INDIA.

T. Pullaiah1 and S. Karuppusamy2

Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaya University, Anantapur1, AndhraPradesh; Department of Botany, The Madura College, Madurai – 625 0112, [email protected]

Keywords: Eastern Ghats, Dicotyledons, Monocotyledons, Gymnosperms

Eastern Ghats has broken hillocks and discontinuous ranges, plains in between with thespecies rich zones. The area is rich in number of wild and cultivated plant species. A totalnumber of 3,417 seed plants have been recorded from the area. Among them dominantDicotyledons are represented by 1170 genera and 3411 species and Monocotyledonswith 304 genera and 978 species. Gymnosperms are represented by 2 genera with 6species. Of the 178 families of Angiosperms, about 14 families have more than 40 speciescontributing to the 53.6 % of the total number of plant species. Among them Poaceae hasthe maximum number of species (365 with 112 genera) followed by Leguminosae (346species with 72 genera). Family Euphorbiaceae and Cyperaceae have more than 150species. Asteraceae and Rubiaceae has than 100 species in Eastern Ghats. Other dominantfamilies are Lamiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Convolvulaceae, Malvaceae, Commelinaceae,Amaranthaceae and Moraceae. Crotalaria and Cyperus are dominant & highly diversifiedin Eastern Ghats with 49 and 44 species respectively. They are followed by Euphorbia(40 species), Fimbristylis (32 species), Ficus (28 species), Leucas (28 species), andIndigofera (26 species). Other large genera are Ipomoea (24 species), Phyllanthus (22species), Cassia (22 species), Eragrosits (21 species), Argyreia (20 species), Eriocaulon(19 species), Solanum (19 species), Grewia, Desmodium, Acacia (18 species each),Hibiscus, Alysicarpus, Hedyotis (17 species each), Commelina, Jasminum andRhyncosia (15 species each). In recent years genera Huberantha, Xylopia,

52

Calopogonium, Centrosema, Clidemia, Diodella, Asechynanthus and Monotheciumhave been added to the Flora of Eastern Ghats by many authors. Genus Odisha is exclusivelyendemic to Eastern Ghats. A total of 166 endemic taxa, under 117 genera belonging to 43families are known to occur in Eastern Ghats (Singh et al., 2015). But recently many morenew species have been added. The endemic taxa include 135 dicots and 50 monocotswith 3 Gymnosperms. Poaceae have the maximum representation of 27 endemics followedby Acanthaceae (18 species), Asclepiadaceae (19 species) and Orchidaceae (15 species).

NON-CONVENTIONAL BREEDING APPROACHES FORGENETIC ENHANCEMENT OF MEDICINAL ANDAROMATIC PLANTS

Umesh C Lavania, FNASc, FNAINSA Senior Scientist, Department of Botany, Lucknow University,Lucknow [email protected]

Keywords: Bud sport mining, fixation of heterozygosity, polyploidy and body size,polyploidy and lodging resistance, Fiber FISH, In situ DNA methylation

Secondary agriculture largely relies on plants that are valued in pharmaceutical, perfumeryand spice industry. In most cases the source of economic product constitutes an array ofsecondary active principles that are either stored in storage tissues or secreted / containedin specialized somatic cells and tissues. Curiously, most such resource plants are deficientin sexual reproductive system. However, such plants sport efficient vegetative propagationand are enriched with inherent heterozygosity. In the absence of sexual reproduction, theso-called inherent heterozygosity could not be tapped by conventional breeding methods.Instead non-conventional methods of eliciting bud-sport / somatic mutations need to beresorted to unearth de novo diversity. Also, polyploidy approach offers opportunity toenhance concentration of secondary metabolites. Success achieved over the past two



53

decades in our institutional division in general, and author’s laboratory in particular, wouldbe presented supported with practical examples, with specific emphasis on : (i) elicitationof high incidence of bud sport formation, (ii) polyploidy in the development of elite clonesfor high secondary metabolite productivity, (iii) differential effect of polyploidy on bodysize, (ii) polyploidy in fixation of intra- and intergenomic heterozygosity, (iv) tapping ofinherent heterozygosity through clo-line breeding.


55

Symposium-II

ENVIRONMENTAL & EXPERIMENTALBOTANY IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT


57

CLIMATE CHANGE AND FOOD SECURITY

C. Manoharachary, FNAScDepartment of Botany, Osmania University, [email protected]

Keywords: Climate change, Crop productivity, Global warming and pests

Climate change is one of the most importantglobal environmental problems today. GlobalWarming, Gradual increase of temperature of earth’s atmosphere and its oceans, are believedto be changing the climate. This change may be specific to regions or occurs across theworld. Man- made activities and changes in natures activities are the possible reasons.Atmospheric temperatures may increase to the tune of 1.8-4.00 c by the end of 2100.Theemission of CO2, CO, CH4 and ozone depletion will affect rainfall, crop productivity,pests, diseases and alternation of global climate. Cyclones, floods, draught, decreasedsnow covers, erratic monsoon, increased pest and diseases are the possible effects. Increasein temperature may reduce the crop yields. Increase in insect population, fungal and microbialpathogens will affect crop productivity. Increase in population results require boostingcrop production. However, due to climate change, food accessfood utilization and foodstability are going to be hampered as possible impact of climate change. All the relatedaspects and prospects of the climate change and food security will be discussed.

58

ROLE OF PHENOTYPIC VARIATIONS IN ESTABLISHMENTOF INVASIVE PLANTS: A CASE STUDY ON PARTHENIUMHYSTEROPHORUS L.

Daizy R. BatishProfessor, Department of Botany, Panjab University, [email protected]

Keywords: Invasive Plants, Phenotypic Plasticity, Parthenium hysterophorus

Biological invasions are one of the greatest environmental and economic threats of thepresent era. Globalization and human interventions have resulted in circulation of speciesacross the geographic boundaries. However, not every migrated individual couldaccommodate itself in an alien environment, except for the ones that possess some specificadaptive attributes. Enormous reproductive potential, ecological adaptability and allelopathicproperties are responsible for the widespread growth of invasive plants. These traits accountfor the biological diversity and ecological functioning and have a significant influence on thesurvival of the concerned plant species. Further, these adaptive and highly plastic attributeshelp in the successful transitioning of an exotic plant species into invasive category over thecourse of time after their introduction. The phenotypic plasticity is also instrumental inestablishing an alien plant in the introduced range. The said variations can either be geneticor phenotypic. Identifying them will positively prove useful in understanding the process ofselection, fundamental behavior, scope of acclimatization, expansion, management andultimately the prediction for future invasions. Determining the phenotypic variations in invasiveplants particularly Parthenium hysterophorus L. in response to climatic changes mayhelp in estimating their probable response towards the potential seasonal drifts.



59

POTASSIUM- SOLUBILLISING PROTEUS MIRABILIS MG738216 INHABITING CATTLE DUNG IN NUTRIENT USEEFFICIENCY IN FOENICULUM VULGARE MILL.

Dinesh Kumar MaheshwariDept. of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar,Uttarakhand, [email protected]

Keywords: Buffalo dung, Potassium solubilisation, Proteus mirabilis, Foeniculum vulgare

The present research is aimed to evaluate buffalo dung inhabiting potassium solubilisingbacteria comprising characteristics of plant growth promotion to improve growth andyield of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. To harness the potassium solubilising aerobic bacteria(KSB), buffalo dung was a suitable source of PGP bacteria that may enhance vegetativeand reproductive parameters of F. vulgare.15 KSB isolates were selected for solubilizinginsoluble potassium in the form of mica powder. Four isolates BUFF12, BUFF14, BUFF23and BUFF38 havung abilities of plant growth promotion such as IAA production, Psollubilisation, phytase production, etc. performed better after seed bacterization for raisingthe plants. Prior to that, these bacterial isolates were observed for solubilizing mica powderin the medium. The most potential isolate was identified as Proteus mirabilis on the basis of16s rRNA gene sequencing. It exhibited the most pronounce advantageous effect of planta nutrient uptake by F. vulgare. Proteus mirabilis is proved as a bio-inoculant and canbeused as substitute of K fertilizer for raising healthy seed crop of F. vulgare.

60

THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL AND DIVERSITY OFENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH CALOTROPISPROCERA

J.P.YadavProfessor, Department of Genetics, M. D. University, Rohtak-124001, [email protected]

Keywords: Endophytic mycoflora, Diversity, Calotropis procera, Bioactive compounds

Endophytes are the microorganisms which inhabit inside the living tissues of plants withoutcausing any apparent disease symptoms for their whole life or a short period of span.Among all endophytes, endophytic fungi are considered as one of the most importantcomponent of plant micro-ecosystem. In the present study plant samples were collectedfrom 10 geographically different sites, covering five agro-climatic zones of India to isolatethe endophytic mycoflora associated with C. procera. Tissues of Calotropis procerawere reported to be rich in endophytic fungi population, reported the presence of 20endophytic fungi belong to the Ascomycota and Zygomycota classes predominately.Geographic locations and tissue type significantly influence the colonization frequency ofendophytic fungi. C. procera reported to harbour a large diversity of endophytic fungi.Fungal isolated were identified by using ITS1 and ITS4 pair primer. Highest numbers ofisolates were obtained from leaf followed by root and stem tissues. Endophytic fungiisolated from C. procera reported to possess considerable antimicrobial and antioxidantactivities. GCMS analysis revealed the volatile phytoconstituents present in various fungalextracts. AgNPs synthesized by using A. terreus and A. nomius exhibited significantantibacterial activity against reference and multidrug resistant strains. These endophyticfungi can be explored further for the isolation and identification of pure bioactive compoundsolely responsible for these activities. The systemic exploration of endophytic mycofloraassociated with different tissues of C. procera may provide information about the plant-



61

microbe relationship and bioactive compounds synthesized by them. The synthesis of purebioactive compounds from these endophytic fungi by culturing on large scale may be usedfor rural development.

BOOSTING GREEN CHEMICALS IN AGRICULTURE INADDITION TO PHARMA SECTOR UNDER MAKE IN INDIA

N.K.Dubey, FNAScProfessor, Department of Botany, Banaras hindu University, Varanasi-221005, [email protected]

Keywords: grey chemicals, agri-food industries, green chemicals

The progressive “Make in India” campaign aims to turn the country into a globalmanufacturing hub. The vision behind this campaign is to put the country on the globalmanufacturing map, thereby, to facilitate the inflow of new technology and capital andcreating a large number of jobs. Agricultural and pharmaceutical sectors are two importantpillars on which human civilization is built up. India is a mega- biodiversity rich country andhas varied climatic zones comprising approximately 17000-18000 species of floweringplants of which 6000-7000 are estimated to have medicinal usage in folk practices. InIndia, around 25,000 effective plant-based formulations are used in traditional and folkmedicine and the country enjoys an important position in the global pharmaceuticals sector.

However, exploration of phyto-chemicals is currently gaining momentum in the agriculturesector also so as to formulate some novel plant based green pesticides for the managementof agricultural pests In view of post application side effects such as pest resistance ,residual toxicity , non – biodegradable nature, ozone layer depleting effects, disruption ofecological balance and interference with the reproduction of non target species, most ofthe synthetic chemicals ( often called as grey chemicals or xenobiotics) used as pesticideshave their own limitations . Hence, exploration of plant products (green chemicals) is

62

gaining importance so as to formulate some novel plant based pesticides for the sustainablemanagement of agriculture pests. Plant based formulations are chiefly biodegradable andare recognized as better sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives of synthetic pesticides infood security. The most attractive aspect of using such plant chemicals in agricultural pest-management is their mode of action as semiochemical or behaviour altering inhibiting thegrowth and metabolism of pests without killing them. Such growth regulatory approach inpest control is being more accepted currently. Rotenone (root of Derris elliptica), nicotine(leaves of Nicotiana tabacum), pyrethrins (flower of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium),azadirachtin (seeds of Azardiracta indica), piperine (seeds of Piper nigrum), eugenol(clove essential oil), and menthol (Mentha sps. essential oil) are some plants-derivedcommercially available bioactive compounds used in agri-food industries Cinnamon, clove,lemongrass, oregano, thyme, nutmeg, basil, carvone, cinnamaldehyde, citral, eugenol,limonene, menthol, linalool, etc. are kept in generally recognised as safe (GRAS) and areused as preservatives in United State with wide coverage. Biodiversity rich countries likeIndia, China, Sri Lanka, Brazil, and Africa have n a vast traditional knowledge on use ofplants and their products in agriculture in pest control. Hence, there is a lot of scope forIndia to achieve global leadership in the field of green pesticides to be sustainably and eco-friendly used in agriculture sector. Looking in to different acts of biopiracy exploitingindigenous knowledge on herbal products without recognition of the owner country, thereis need for bioprospection of Indian flora for novel formulations to be used in agriculture aswell as pharma sector.



63

GENETICS AND GENOMIC RESOURCES DEVELOPMENTIN UNDERUTILIZED LEGUME MUCUNA PRURIENS (L.) DC.– ISSUES AND PERSPECTIVES

N. SathyanaraynaProfessor,Department of Botany, Sikkim Universit,Gangtok-737102, East [email protected]

Keywords: Mucuna pruriens, L-Dopa, Parkinson’s disease

Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC var. utilis, commonly called velvet bean is a tropical legumecover crop with promising agronomic potentials. It is also a key source of 3,4 dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-Dopa) – a precursor of dopamine used in the treatment of Parkinson’sdisease. However, lack of well-characterized germplasm plus poor accessibility to genomicresources has hindered its breeding programs.

Systematic collection and evaluation of Indian germplasm of M.pruriens by our grouprevealed presence of a diverse genepool in India that can support a variety of breedingneeds. The stability of L-Dopa trait across the environments, examined through Genotypeand environment (G×E) interaction studies, as well as barcoding and phylogenetic analysesbased on conserved nuclear and chloroplast genes showed promising results. Germplasmscreening for select biotic abiotic stresses identified resilient genotypes. Progress in use ofDNA markers for diversity analysis, linkage map development, QTL mapping, as well aschallenges and achievements in genomic resources development are discussed.

64

ECOFRIENDLY SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES TOENHANCE THE AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION

N. SavithrammaVice principal, SVU College of sciences SV UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI- [email protected]

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Crop yield

Nanotechnology became an inevitable booster in all fields of life at present scenario.Production of nanoparticles (NPs) through plants is cost effective fast and environmentallybenign. Hence the present study is aimed to enhance the crop yield by application of phytoNPs. Calcium Copper Zinc, Iron and Silver NPs were synthesized from various plantparts and tested for in vitro and in vivo seed germination seedling growth and developmentof pulses, oil crops medicinal plants. The enhanced improvement of all parameters intreated plants due to these phyto NPs are reached to all parts through the inter and intracellular spaces and maintaining the optimum levels of nutrients in agriculture field.



65

VERSATILITY OF SECONDARY METABOLITES: ACOHESIVE VIEW ON DIVERSITY, EVOLUTION,FUNCTIONAL ROLES AND ENVIRONMENTALINTERACTIONS

P. GiridharPlant Cell Biotechnology DepartmentCSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru-570 020, [email protected]

Keywords: Nutraceutical foods, PSMs, pharmaceutical

The enormous and growing body of literature on the field have uncovered that Plantsecondary metabolites (PSMs) satisfy a plenty of basic jobs in plants. These secondarymetabolites are the real sources for the advancement of nutraceutical foods, pharmaceutical,and restorative applications. Their production is impacted by qualitatively and quantitativelyon the natural variables or atmosphere driven changes. The high carbon dioxide dischargeslead to surplus energy loss, and on the secondary metabolite induction in plants. This isadditionally connected with the measure of precipitation, changes in ecological temperaturesand a portion of the soil nutrients, for example, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassiumand copper and so forth. Of late investigations underscoring the practical job of PSMsother than defense and oxidative stress prompted a reestablished enthusiasm, openinganother dimension for the PSMs explore. It is worthy to unite the information got so farwith respect to diversity and functions of PSMs, featuring their adaptability and thenoteworthy jobs in plants. As of late, the utilization of metabolomics way to deal with theimpact of the ecological factors on the secondary metabolite production of some importantplants was studied. There ought to be optimized environmental conditions and contaminationor pollution free climatic conditions for the best possible combination of primary andsecondary metabolites creation. Moreover, an outline is in transit wherein one cancomprehend the ecological guidelines to enhance secondary metabolites content in foods,that offers new implications. Likewise, a state-of-the-art outline of PSMs in response toecological signals will be discussed together with suggestions for future directions of research.

66

MULTIFUNCTIONAL MICROBIAL STIMULANTS FORSUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

Rana Pratap SinghProfessor, Department of Environmental Science,Babasaheb Bhimrao AmbedkarUniversity, Lucknow – 226025, [email protected]; Web: www.ranapratap.in

Keywords: Biofertilizers, Biopesticides, Climate resilient, Organic agriculture, Soil microbes.

Stagnation or decline in agricultural productivity and increasing agro-climatic changes dueto global warming are major concerns of the agriculture and food security today. About99% of microbial resources are not known and even about 1% which have been reportedindicate that rhizospheric soil microbes possess significant plant growth promoting anddisease management activities. The application of plant growth promoting microbes areour hope for future agriculture as it has potential to maintain the productivity withoutcompromising to the food quality. The efficacy of microbial inoculants is, however,inconsistent due to sensitiveness of PGPMs to the odd agro-climatic conditions and itscompetition with the native microflora. Hence, the farmers are not adopting them asbiofertilizers or biopesticides and at large scale. The use of agro chemicals in agriculturecause enormous health hazards and water pollution and also require a lot of energy andeconomic inputs. Hence, development of biostimulants with higher efficacy and stability indifferent agro-climatic conditions is required urgently. We have isolated microbes fromdifferent agro-climatic conditions having different plant growth promoting activities andtolerance to drought, heat, salinity and pesticide etc. The consortia of certain compatiblePGPMs are showing better efficacy and stability than single organisms. The multifunctionalmicrobes included in the consortia are yet becoming more effective during the cultivationof crops e.g. wheat, spinach, maize etc, if immobilized in granules using organic carriers.We have developed cost effective organic matrix based super granules as carrier formicrobial consortia and applied them in the experimental plots of wheat, rice and other



67

plants which show enhanced productivity and better soil fertility over conventional microbialinoculants. Our results indicate that the efficacy of microbes can be optimized by entrappingthem in suitable matrix or carriers. We are attempting to translate our experimental resultsin the farmers’ field and establish industrial linkages for its commercialization.

ARSENIC CONTAMINATION, TOXICITY ANDPHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF AS-HYPERACCUMULATOR FERNSPECIES

Shanti S. Sharma1 and Vijay Kumar2

1Professor, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Sikkim University,Gangtok 737102, India2Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University,Shimla [email protected]

Keywords: Superoxide dismutase, Lepisoruscontortus, Polypodiodes microrhizoma,K+-efflux

Heavy metal (HM) and metalloid burden on the environment considerably restricts theplant productivity and yield and through persistence in the food chain threatens human andanimal health. Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater and agricultural land, owing todiverse natural and anthropogenic reasons, exposes millions of people worldwide especiallyin South-East Asia. The consumption of As-contaminated rice constitutes a major sourceof As in the food chain. jThe exposure to Asis associated with increased incidents of skinailments, physiological, genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects; it is a Class Icarcinogen. Plants have evolved several strategies for cellular detoxification of As. Theyinvolve chemical transformation of As, complexation by de novo synthesized phytochelatins(PCs) and sequestration into vacuoles via specific ABC transporter(s). A clearerunderstanding of As detoxification strategies is central to the realization of phytoremediationof As contaminated situations. Identification of the Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) as

68

the first Ashyperaccumulator (Ma et al., 2001) led to the possibility of involving ferns forphytoremediation of As decontaminated agricultural soils. Subsequently, a fewother fernspecies have been identified to be As-tolerant and hyperaccumulators with varying As-accumulation efficiencies. We screened certain W. Himalayan fern species belonging toPteridaceae (Pteris vittata L. and P. cretica L.) and Polypodiaceae (Polypodiodesmicrorhizoma (C. B. Clarke ex Baker) Ching and Lepisorus contortus (H. Chirst) Ching)for arsenic tolerance. Thus, using a rapid leaf (pinna) slice assay, a comparative analysis ofmembrane integrity/strength and antioxidative defense was performed. In response to Astreatment, loss of K+-ions, an indicator of membrane damage, from pinna segments ofPolypodiodes microrhizoma (Polypodiaceae) was found to be much greater than that incase of Pteris vittata and P. cretica (Pteridaceae). Involvement of K+-efflux channels inK+ leakage could be excluded pharmacologically. In view of the similarities of As effectswith those of Cu, a redox element and H2O2, an oxidant, the membrane damage could beascribed to oxidative stress. Analysis of the activities of antioxidative enzymes namely,superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) revealedsubstantially elevated strength of the antioxidant defense system in the Pteridaceae membersthan in the other group. The findings point to the suitability of leaf/pinna assay for rapid andreliable screening for As-tolerance and have implications for phytoremediation involvingthe concerned fern species.



69

PLANT-INSECT INTERACTIONS: TIME TO UNLOCKMOLECULAR MECHANISMS

Vidya Patni and Uma KantPlant Pathology, tissue culture and biotechnology laboratory,Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, [email protected]

Keywords: Host-pathogen interaction, Systemic Acquired Resistance, Defense.

To gain an in depth understanding ofinteractions between plant and insect, numerous studieshave already been carried out from the plant as well as from the insect perspectives, whichreveals that there is precise communication between the plant and the residinginsect. Plantsserve as host for vast numbers of nematodes and insects. During incompatible interactions,plants trigger a series of complex defense responses against pathogenic interactions toforestall pathogen growth. In general, two types of defenses are induced in plants duringinteraction with insects; local and systemic defense responses. A systematic or long-termresponse not only restrict pathogen infection locally, but also induce signals that enhancedefense responses to pathogens in distal systemic tissues, a phenomenon known as systemicacquired resistance (SAR). More and more pathogen genomes are being sequenced, sofungal proteomics is reaching its full potential and remains the chosen technology to unravelthe molecular pathways of pathogenicity and resistance. While molecular mechanisms ininsects are lagging behind from plant perspectives. Proteomic strategies have provedsuccessful on various plant-interacting insect species. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,labelling with isobaric tags followed by two-dimensional HPLC separation can be provedthe best mechanisms. Proteins of interest are then identified using mass spectrometry.Patho-stress response in different plant families varies during the invasion of same or differentinsect species. A major puzzle is how interaction and communication could increase fitnessin plant at molecular level.To meet the current challenges of food insecurity, proteins thatcontrol crop architecture and/or stress resistance in a wide range of environments need tobe identified to facilitate the biological improvement of crop productivity. To identify suchproteins, state-ofthe-art proteomic techniques are the best choice for scientists.

70

STRESS ADAPTATION IN PLANTS

Vinay Sharma , FNAScDirector, Amity Institute of Biotechnology,Amity University Rajasthan- 303002Former Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Vanasthali Vidyapeeth,[email protected]

Keywords: Stress, Butea monosperma ,Capparis sepiaria , V-ATPase

Overall, the geo-climatic conditions in the area in and around Banasthali region located insouth-east Rajasthan typify a semi-arid stress environment and is characterized by sandy-loam soil with high pH, low infiltration rates, high Na+ and low organic nutrients. Buteamonosperma TAUB. (Fabaceae) is the most widespread, naturally growing endemicdominant tree of Sanjay Van, a tropical dry deciduous forest located on a hilly slope nearBanasthali. The forest has two other somewhat less abundant woody species, besides afew others, viz. a tall shrub Capparis sepiaria L. (Capparidaceae) and the woody liana-type shrub Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels. (Menispermaceae). The present study wasundertaken to know the dominance and stress adaptation of B. monosperma a naturallygrowing plant species. Our results conclusively established that under the stress conditionscharacterized by scarcity of water, mineral deficiency, high irradiance and temperature, allof which together prevailed at the study site in Sanjay Van, the naturally growing woodyspecies, in particular the dominant tree, B. monosperma showed traits well suited foradaptation as witnessed specially by their photosynthetic performance, mineral ion,specifically the phosphorus acquisition efficiency and the V-ATPase and V-PPase amountsand activities. This has been amply demonstrated by measurements on PPFD–sat andETRmax of the dominant species, B. monosperma, which reached highest values amongvarious species. The positive correlations of δ13C and δ18O for C. sepiaria and C. hirsutusindicated strong stomatal reactions while for B. Monosperma, the strong variations in



71

δ13C without a change in δ18O suggested that carbon acquisition is mainly under assimilatoryphotosynthetic and not stomatal control and this at relatively low transpiration rates. Thus,overall it appears that B. monosperma is using water more conservatively with rather highWUE while C. sepiaria and C. hirsutus perform a more opportunistic use of water.Further, association of higher V-ATPase activity pointed to its role in water stress, anaspect that has been overlooked hitherto. This observation and the fact that the upperButea plants are also associated with higher V-ATPase amount and activity as well ashigher V-PPase activity point to, in association with V-ATPase, its function in adaptationand survival of plants under water stress situations. Thus, it may be concluded that at leastin Butea, the V-PPase may work in concert with the V-ATPase when a high capacity ofsolute transport into the vacuole is required.

Further using 2-D gel electrophoresis based proteomic approach refined withMALDI-TOF, we also analyzed drought and salt stress response proteins in sorghum.We developed a method to obtain functional distances between GO terms and analyzeddistance values to allocate shortest path (SP) in GO hierarchy. We observed the expressedproteins belonged to the functional group of signal transduction mechanisms, carbohydratetransport and metabolism. The novel approach applied in this study may have greatimportance in further identifying proteins involved in abiotic and biotic stress conditions incrops.


73

107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESSJanuary 3-7, 2020

Bangalore

IV

ABSTRACTS OF

ORAL / POSTER PRESENTATION

Sub Sections

I. Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms 77-82

II. Mycology, Plant Pathology, Microbiology 85-109

III. Angiosperms: Floristics, Biodiversity and Ethnobotany 113-131

IV. Angiosperms: Development and Reproductive Biology 135-141

V. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 145-179

VI. Ecology and Environmental Botany 183-200

VII. Biotechnology and Tissue Culture 203-207

VIII. Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology 211-224


75

SUB –SECTION – I

Algae, Bryophtyes, Pteridophytes andGymnosperms


77

I-01 DOCUMENTATION CUM CONSERVATION OFLICHENS BIOTA FOR PROMOTION OF FOREST HEALTHAND LIVELIHOOD IN MIZORAM

Awadhesh Kumar1*, Nurpen M Thangjam1, Anand Pandey2, A. C. Shukla3, &D.K. Upreti4 1

Department of Horticulture Aromatic & Medicinal Plants, Mizoram University,Aizawl 796009;2 Department of Botany, Avvaiyar Govt. College for Women,University of Pondicherry, Karaikal-609602;3 Department of Botany, School oflife science, Lucknow University, Lucknow 226001;4Lichenology Laboratory,Plant Diversity Systematics and Herbarium Division, CSIR-National BotanicalResearch Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow [email protected];

Keywords: Conservation, Lichens, New-record, Pollution indicator

Since, Lichens diversity is very rich in Mizoram; hence, a survey has made for documentationof lichens species in many areas of Mizoram. The survey data revealed that familyParmeliaceae is the dominant followed by Arthoniaceae, Pyrenulaceae, Collemataceae,Porinaceae, Ramalinaceae, Brigantiaeaceae, Graphidaceae and Physciaceae.Comparatively in their growth forms, the Crustose showed the superiority than fruticoseand foliose. The finding also added the many new lichens recorded first time from India ex.Pyrenula dissimulans. Since, the anthropogenic activities are now increasing more,therefore, the documentation and conservation of their genetic diversity is very much essentialfor livelihood generation.

78

I-02 STUDIES ON PHYTOPLANKTON ASSEMBLAGE ANDAQUATIC MACROPHYTES

B. Ramesh and ð M. ArunaDepartment of Botany, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad. [email protected] ; [email protected]

Keywords: Phytoplanktons, Aquatic macrophytes, CMC Pond, Nizamabad

In the present study, an attempt was made to enlist the aquatic macrophytes and enumeratethe phytoplankton of a small water body, CMC pond located within the vicinity of Universitycollege campus. Phytoplanktonic algae and aquatic macrophytes play a dynamic role infresh water ecosystem. For experimental studies surface and bottom water samples werecollected from different sites. The observations revealed that pond showed abundantphytoplanktonic algae belonging to class Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae andCyanophyceae. In this investigation abundance of macrophytes were also recorded groupedunder different categories such as floating, submerged and emergent forms based on habitatstatus.

107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020Abstracts of Poster Presentations


79

I-03 DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF SEAWEEDSALONG THE COAST OF MOOKAIYUR, SOUTH EAST COASTOF INDIA

K . DharmarResearch Department of Botany, Pasumpon Thiru Muthuramalinga ThevarMemorial College (Affiliated to Alagappa University) Kottaimedu, Kamuthi – 623604, [email protected]

Keywords: Seasonal distribution, Seaweeds, Mookaiyur, Environmental Parameters

The present study deals with thirty six species of marine macro algae collected from sixsampling station in Mookaiyur coast from March 2018 to February 2019. which belongto thirteen orders, sixteen families and twenty two genera. Among these, twelve belong toChlorophyta, fifteen to Rhodophyta, nine to Phaeophyta and twenty four species grewnaturally and twelve were drifted. The average atmospheric temperature was33.33±1.155°C The average sea water temperature was 32.33±1.435°C. The maximumobserved Salinity was 37% and the minimum was 32%. The overall average Seawatertemperature was 33.75±1.422‰. The species Chaetomorpha antennina, Caulerpasertularioides, Gracilaria corticata, Grateloupia lithophila, Hypnea musciformis andPadina perindusiata were found throughout the year.

80

I-04 NOTES ON INDIAN CYCADS: CYCAS SWAMYII

Praveen K Agrawal, Masood Akhtar & R C SrivastavaDepartment of Botany, Shibli National P.G. College, Azamgarh, U.P., [email protected]

Keywords: Gymnosperm, Cycas, Cycas circinalis, Cycas swamyi

The paper throws light on various aspects of an indigenous branched Cycas, discoveredby Prof B G L Swamy (1948) from Hassan district and provided exhaustive details ofmorphology & anatomy. Pant described this species as Cycas circinalis var. Swamyiiand provided photograph of the reproductive parts. Lindstrom and Hill (2007) called thisspecies as Cycas indica and provided a line diagram, botanical description, Latin diagnosisand Type. The paper aims to throw light on the journey of a new Cycas (discovered andworked out by Prof B G L Swamy) to Cycas india, through Cycas circinalis and Cycasswamyii.

I-05 OCCURRENCE OF PERMANENT ALGAL BLOOMS INA POND WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FACTORSRESPONSIBLE FOR ITS PRODUCTION AT DISTRICTROHTAS, SASARAM

Rajani Kumari* and Dinesh Kumar Yadav#*Research scholar, PG Deptt of Botany, Magadh University, Bodh-Gaya;#FormerHoD and Dean PG Deptt of Botany, MagadhUniversity, [email protected]

Keywords:-Harmful algal blooms, Cyanobacteria, Phosphate, Nitrate, Eutrophic

The aim of this research was to analyze the key mechanisms and responsible factorsrelated to theharmful algal blooms in a shallow eutrophic pond Sasaram during the year2018. The pond is regularly used for dumping of domestic solid wastes and waste water,



81

regular dumping of domestic sewage, the pond has become highly eutrophic having densealgal blooms caused by cyanobacteria. High concentration of phosphorus and nitrogenwere the two major factors to promote the growth of algae and cyanobacteria. Permanentcyanobacterial blooms were characterized. Good growth of Anabaena and Mycrocystiswere observed during the course of study.

I-06 DISTRIBUTION OF MOSS IN THE TOPOGRAPHY OFMUKTESHWAR RESERVE FOREST AREA IN NANITALDISTRICT OF UTTRAKHAND

Saurabh KumarDepartment of Botany, Khandelwal Collge of Management Science andTechnology, [email protected]

Keywords: Density, Abundance, Frequency, Mukteshwar

The present study was carried in the vicinity of Mukteshwar (Nainital) Reserve Forest ofKumaon region in Uttrakhand. Twenty species of bryophytes and mosses i.e.,Rhynchostegiella divaricatifolia, Minimium marginatum, Atrichum sp., Polytricumsp., Rhodobryum roseum, Bryum sp., Marchantia sp., Plagiochasma sp., Barbulasp., Brachythecium sp., Plagiominium cuspidatum, Thudium sp., Hypnum sp., Astrellasp., Racomatrium sp., Dicranum sp., Sphagnum sp., Isopteriygium sp., Anmodonminor and Anthoceros were reported and their habitat and ecological parameters werestudied. Moss such as Rhynchostegiella divaricatifolia, Plagiominium cuspidatumand Rhodobryum roseum showed maximum frequency percentage and seems to be mosttolerant species.

82

I-07 APPROACHES FOR ISOLATION ANDCHARACTERIZATION OF NOSTOPHYCIN FROM NOSTOCCALCICOLA

Vaishali GuptaDepartment of Botany, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, Sagar, MadhyaPradesh 470003,[email protected]

Keywords: Ahoa, cyclic peptide, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, LC-MS

A cyclic peptide nostophycin was isolated from Nostoc calcicola through freeze driedlyophilization method. Here, we report an allelochemical nostophycin and extracted fromNostoc calcicola (MK506349) which is used as biofertilizer. Its structure has beenelucidated with FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and LC-MS. Glycine, d-glutamine, l-phenylamine, d-isoleucine, l-proline and a novel amino acid Ahoa are constituents ofnostophycin. 1HNMR, 13CNMR spectroscopy of the allelochemicals confirmed the numberof protons and carbons and characteristics peak determined the structure of allelochemical.Fragmentation pattern of allelochemical through LCMS confirms structure of nostophycinand it exhibits resemblance with microcystine and difference in the presence AHOA.



83

SUB-SECTION-II

Mycology, Plant Pathology andMicrobiology


85

II-01 TITLE ACCUMULATION OF HIGH CO CONTENTPLAYS PIVOTAL ROLE IN ENHANCING OXIDANTLEVEL DURING FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM INFECTION INWHEAT PATHOGENESIS.

Abhaya Kumar Sahu1, Punam Kumari2 and Bhabatosh Mittra3 1, 2 Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, VyasaVihar, Balasore, 756089, Odisha;3 Department of Life Sciences, AIPH University,Bhubaneswar, 751002, Odisha [email protected]

Keywords: Wheat, Fusarium oxysporum, DSI, H2O2, SOD, MDA,

Seven day old wheat seedlings when inoculated with 4 day old Fusarium spores showedhigh DSI, as compared to the uninoculated seedlings. The infected tissues clearly revealedthe presence of Fusarium spores and ramified mycelia determined to wheat pathogenesis.In the biochemical investigation, H2O2, SOD, MDA and CO group was observed to bemaximum in Fusarium inoculated seedlings as compared to control tissues. The intra andintermolecular disulfide bonds could be observed in Fusarium inoculated seedlings bydiagonal gel. Thus such investigation strengthen confirms the susceptibility of wheat hostagainst Fusarium pathogen which might have accelerated production of CO and enhancedH2O2 level.

86

II-02 UNIQUE PHYLLOSPHERIC INTERACTION INVOLVINGMICROBES IN AN ORNAMENTAL PLANT

Abhiroop Dan, Subham Saha, Shreyoshi Chakraborty, Koushiki Das, Dhruba Jyoti MajiDepartment of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), [email protected]

Keywords: Phyllosphere, Gladiolus, chlorophyll content, antibiotics, antagonistic interaction

The phyllosphere refers to the above ground portions of plants which is an ideal habitat forthe growth of microorganisms. Gladiolus plants are economically important for decorationpurposes. There was a strong positive antagonistic interaction found between Salmonellaspp. and Bortrytis spp. isolated from the leaf phyllosphere. A marked reduction in thetotal chlorophyll content by 68.6632% is observed in the infected leaves. The resistanceof Salmonella spp. against different antibiotics also seems to signify that it can mostly beinhibited by Bortrytis spp. These findings can be optimized for the effective diseasemanagement of these plants.

II-03 LEAF ANATOMY AND LARVICIDAL PROPERTY OFANNONA SQUAMOSA L. BY USING BIOSYNTHESIZEDSILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST THE DENGUE VECTOR

Allam Vijaya Bhasker ReddyDepartment of Botany, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, T.S. [email protected]

Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, larvae, Crude extract, Aedes aegypti

The present study aims on Biosynthesis of nanostructured materials using plant extractsand their active compounds to see the effect on the A. albopictus mosquito larvae. Thecrude extract of Annona squamosa leaf has larvicidal property. The leaf anatomical and



87

phytochemical characters were studied. The dengue vector A. albopictus was cultured inthe laboratory. The 3rd instar mosquito larvae were preferred for the bioassay test. 100%mortality is observed when the larvae were exposed for 24 hours to the 250 ppm of crudeleaf extract and 10 ppm of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles. The Silver nanoparticleswas studied by using instruments i.e. UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, TEM and GC-MS.

II-04 ESSENTIAL OILS AND THEIR BIOACTIVECOMPOUNDS AS ECO-FRIENDLY GREENPRESERVATIVES AGAINST FUNGAL AND MYCOTOXINCONTAMINATION OF STORED FOOD COMMODITIESWITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEIRNANOENCAPSULATION

Anand Kumar Chaudhari and Nawal Kishore Dubey*Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced study (CAS) in Botany,Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi–[email protected]

Keywords: Essential oil; Mycotoxin; Bioactive compound; Preservative; Nanoencapsulation.

Fungal and mycotoxin contamination of stored food items are of serious concern throughoutthe world due to their toxic effects on human upon consumption. Many of the syntheticchemicals used as antifungal preservatives have been realised to be toxic to humans andthe environments. In this regard, the use of essential oils and their bioactive compoundshave been recognized as safer alternatives; however, their direct incorporation into foodsystem is limited due to flavour concern and susceptibility towards oxidation. Theselimitations can be overcome by encapsulating it into nanosystem, which subsequentlyenhances their stability and bioactivity for large scale application.

88

II-05 EFFECT OF STORAGE PERIOD ON THE INCIDENCEOF STORAGE FUNGI OF NIGER OIL SEEDS

A.M. DeshmukhDepartment of Botany, PratishthanMahavidyalaya, Paithan [MS][email protected]

Keywords: Niger oil seeds, storage period, fungi.

The Niger seeds are grown widely in Ethiopia. In India it is cultivated in Karnataka, AndhraPradesh and Maharashtra. Niger seeds are used world wide in the form of oil. Niger seedoil is used to make chutney, desserts, bird seeds and also medicinal use. The current studydeals with Niger seeds deterioration by various fungi during storage period. As storageperiod increases the oil content as well as oil quality and other beneficial components arereduced. During the study following Fungi were found to be associated with Niger seeds.Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforma, Rhizopusstolonifer, R. nigricans, AspergillusNiger, A. flavus, Penicilliumexpansum, Alternaria alternata, A. tenuis.

II-06 POTATO LEAF SPOT DISEASE DEVELOPMENT BYCurvularia spicifera AND BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS

Anish Chakraborty, Shrey Sarawgi, Sahesta Ekram and Shreyashi Pahari Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) [email protected]

Keywords: KOCH’s Postulates, PPO, PAL, PO, Endotoxin, Interaction

The aim of our study was to check for control for a particular fungal pathogen causing spotdisease in potato leaves. The fungal pathogen isolated from infected leaf was confirmed byperforming Koch’s Postulates. Actinomycetes isolated from leaf surface was applied with



89

the fungus during infection to check effect on disease development. It was seen thatActinomycetes was capable of inhibiting fungal growth. This conclusion was drawn byperforming slide bioassay interaction studies. PO, PPO and PAL enzyme assays weredone and their levels were monitored. 16S rRNA sequencing was also done for speciesidentification (Curvularia spicifera).

II-07 LEAF SPOT DISEASE CAUSED BY FUNGALPATHOGEN ASSOCIATED WITH MURRAYA KOENIGII L.

M Anjali 1 and K. R Soumya 21Department of Biotechnology Government Womens College, Kolar-563101,Karnataka. 2Vikram B.Ed.,College, Chintamani,Karnataka. [email protected]

Keywords: Murraya koenigii, Fusarium, isolation, characterization

Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii L.), a premier leafy vegetable of family Rutaceae is nativeto India and Srilanka. It is used in fresh, dried and processed forms for flavoring foodstuffs and indigenous system of medicine as an anti-diabetic agent. The plant is grownpresently in the backyards of every South Indian home. Curry leaf plants leaves with leafspot disease were collected from Mandya district of Karnataka. The pathogen was isolatedon Potato Dextrose agar from surface sterilized small pieces of leaves, incubated at 25°C,and identified as Fusarium was cause for disease according to its morphological andcultural characteristics. Study was done based on colony characters.

90

II-08 PESTICIDE DEGRADATION POTENTIAL OF WHITEROT FUNGI

Anshu Wali1, Moni Gupta1 and Sachin Gupta2

1- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, SKUAST-J, Chatha, Jammuand Kashmir, India;2-Division of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture,SKUAST-J, Chatha, Jammu and Kashmir, india. [email protected]

Keywords: Pesticides, Organophosphorus pesticide, carbamate pesticide

In this study biodegradation of chlorpyrifos and carbofuran, an organophosphorus andcarbamate pesticide respectively were used on two white rot fungal species Pleurotussajorcaju and Macrocybe sp. These fungi were found to be capable of metabolizing theinsecticide chlorpyriofos and carbofuran at concentration of 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm,respectively. The best pesticide tolerance was observed at 100 ppm. concentration. Enzymeproduction, involved in lignin degradation, relevant to bioremediation as laccase, wasquantified. The results suggested that Pleurotus sajorcaju and Macrocybe have the abilityto degrade chlorpyrifos and carbofuran and could be used to bioremediate the areacontaminated with organophosphorous and carbamate pesticide.



91

II-09 COMBINED EFFECT OF PGPR (BACILLUS SUBTILISAND PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA) AND UNDEFINEDCOMPOST IN SOIL TRANSFORMATION AND PLANTGROWTH PROMOTION OF CAPSICUM FRUTESCENS

Anuja Bothra, Dyutika Banerjee, Teerna Bhowmick, Arkapriya Bhattacharyya,Shubhrajyoti Panda, Upasana Ghosh, Arup Kumar Mitra, and Debjani Dutta*

Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata. [email protected]

Keywords: PGPR, siderophore, municipal compost, capsaisic acid

PGPR colonize in the plant roots and enable uptake of nutrients and minerals from theenvironment. The growth promoting effect of municipal compost, Pseudomonas aeruginosaand Bacillus subtilis on Capsicum frutescens, was observed, individually and incombination over a period of 45 days, in terms of height, total chlorophyll and Indoleacetic acid content, number and dimensions of the leaves and total number of stomata perleaf, of the plants. Electrical conductivity, porosity and pH of soil and the siderophore,protease and amylase activity of the strains were tested. The strains and compost togethertransformed an unsuitable soil suitable for the chilli plant growth.

II-10 FUNGAL ASSOCIATION WITH TRICHODERMA

Anupam Sinha & Ramakant PandeyVidya Bhawan Mahila Mahavidyalay, Siwan. (Bihar) & [email protected]

Keywords: fungal association, Trichoderma & crop management.

Trichoderma belongs to class Deuteromycetes and included in the group of soil microbes.Trichoderma fed on nematodes as well as on some fungal mycelium. Some interestingreports were coming up into account where as some more are to be reported yet. The

92

study of fungal association with Trichoderma will provide a fruitful foot step in future cropmanagement system. Scientific community and grower associations should come forwardto understand this natural phenomenon properly.

II-11 NOVEL MODE OF RESISTANCE IN FUSARIUMOXYSPORUM INFECTED SOYABEAN (GLYCINE MAX L.)SEEDLINGS BY A LOW DOSE CD2+ PRE-TREATMENT

Beda Saurav Behera, Punam Kumari and Bhabatosh Mittra P.G. Dept. of Biosciences & Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756020, Odisha, India. [email protected]

Keywords : Soyabean, Fusarium oxysporum, Cd2+, ROS, GSH

Pre- treated Soyabean seedlings with low dose Cd2+ when inoculated with Fusariuminoculums did not wilt as evidenced by its phenotype and the assessment of morphologicalattributes. Co-stressed seedlings were observed to be grown comparatively better andhealthy than Fusarium infected seedlings, which declined after 7days post-inoculation.An enhanced level of H2O2 was observed in infected seedlings as compared to co-stressedtissues. GSH mediated protection of target protein(s) could be observed against proteinoxidation in the form of reversible protein oxidative modification in case of co-stressedseedlings, when analyzed by protein pull assay. Such glutathionylation event ensuresenhanced disease resistance in co-stressed soyabean seedlings.



93

II-12 IDENTIFICATION OF NIFH GENES IN THEENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA OF MEDICINAL PLANTSCOLLECTED FROM GURU NANAK COLLEGE, CHENNAI

C.B. Nirmala1, R.Vijayalakshmi2, K.Arulmeha Ponradha3 and S.Natarajan4

1& 3Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, S.D.N.B. VaishnavCollege for Women, Chromepet, Chennai – 600 044.2&4 Marudham Exports Pvt.Ltd. Poonamallee, Chennai – 600 056. [email protected]

Keywords: Endophytic bacteria, medicinal plants, nitrogen fixation, nifH gene

Three endophytic bacteria were isolated from the three medicinal plant leaf samples andtested for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen qualitatively. Two of them isolated fromPhyllanthus niruri and Solanum xanthocarpum were positive for pellicle formation,showed the specific nifH amplification in polymerase chain reaction where as the one fromMangifera indica was negative and did not show the presence of the nifH gene. The16S rDNA analysis indicated them as Bacillus cereus (PN2), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens(SX3) and Escherichia coli (MI).The bacteria Bacillus cereus, Bacillusamyloliquefaciens can be applied to agricultural fields to enhance the yield of their hostplants but also protection against invading pathogens.

94

II-13 EVALUATION ON THE QUANTIFICATION OF PCBSRESIDUES IN VEGETABLES OF BIHAR

Dhiraj KumarG.M.S.S +2 High School, [email protected]

Keywords: Quantification, PCBS, Vegetable

The present investigation deals with the indiscriminate and injudicious uses of chemicalpesticides by farmers in Bihar. PCBs are essentially required to provide protection tocrops and vegetables which are highly susceptible to insect pests and diseases. PCBswere detected in the collected vegetable samples of brinjal, radish, cabbage and cauliflower.They ranged between 0.001 to 0.067 μgKg-1. The residues of dichlorvous ranged from0.002 - 0.095 μgKg-1; dimethoate from 0.002 -0.245 μgKg-1, chlorpyrifos from 0.001 -0.074 μgKg-1, endosulfan from 0.004 - 0.265 μgKg-1 and PCBs from 0.001 - 0.067μgKg-1. The high levels of PCBs could be due to high utilization of the chemicals in recentyears.



95

II-14 DIVERSITY OF FOLIICOLOUS FUNGI IN VAGAMONHILLS- AN ECOLOGICALLY VULNERABLE AREA INWESTERN GHATS OF KERALA STATE.

Hina Mohamed1 and Jacob Thomas2

1Junior Research Fellow, PG & Research Department of Botany, Mar ThomaCollege, Tiruvalla;2 PG & Research Department of Botany, Mar Thoma College,[email protected]

Keywords: Foliicolous, Ascomycetes, Asterina, Meliola.

During the survey of the Vagamon Hills of Kerala state for, 65 Foliicolous fungal speciesrepresenting 18 genera inhabiting 38 different angiospermic host plants were found. Out ofthe 18 fungal genera, 12 belong to ascomycetes, 4 to deuteromycetes and 2 tobasidiomycetes. Asterina and Meliola represented by 15 species each. Out of the infected27 angiosperm families, members of Lauraceae and Rutaceae showed highest number ofinfection. Therefore, above studies were designed to characterize foliicolous fungi thatwould further help in the conservation and management of biological resources and alsoincrease the agriculture wealth of the nation.

96

II-15 STUDY THE ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION ANDSCREENING OF SOIL FUNGI AS BIOCONTROL AGENT

Kumar Vimal 1 Ranjay Kumar Tiwari 2and Rani Rupmati3

1 SRK Mahavidyalaya, Atariya- Sitapur (UP) ;2 Karma Yogi Degree College RaiBaraily- (UP),3College of Commerce Patna (Bihar) [email protected]

Keywords: Trichoderma, Potato Dextrose Agar, Biocontrol agent

Trichoderma grows on the surface of roots, where it provides disease control and enhancesroot growth.. Trichoderma kills several major root rot fungi: Pythium, Rhizoctonia, andFusarium. The process is called Mycoparasitism. Trichoderma secretes an enzyme thatdissolves the cell wall of the other fungi. It can then get inside the bad fungi and consumethem. This combination allows it to protect crop roots against root rot fungi in the field.Trichoderma was isolated from the soil and stored in the laboratory at 40 C

II-16 IN-VITRO STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OFABIOTIC FACTORS ON THE GROWTH OF DRY ROOTROT PATHOGENS OF MULBERRY (MORUS SPP.)

M.S. Manmohan * and Neha KeralDepartment of Life Science, Bangalore University, Bangalore – 560 056, Karnataka,[email protected]

Keywords: Mulberry, root rot, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and abioticfactors.

Mulberry (Morus spp.) is a perennial crop and the sole food for silkworm-Bombyx mori.Among many diseases, fungal dry root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schelet. andFusarium solani (Mart). Sacc. is major one. Considering the importance of the pathogens



97

and their growth pattern, in vitro study has been conducted on abiotic factors viz.temperature, pH, relative humidity and culture media following standard methods. Thedata analyzed with one way ANOVA, Tukey HSD-Post Hoc Test (pd”0.05). From thepresent study it was found that, test pathogens grew profusely on PDA medium at 25-300C with a pH range of 5.5-5.6 under relative humidity of 85-100%.

II-17 ENVIRONMENTAL ISOLATION OF CRYPTOCOCCUSNEOFORMANS BY SWABBING TECHNIQUE FROMDECAYED WOOD TRUNK OF LIVING IN BETUL.

Mahendra Nawange1,2,3, Alka Pandey 1 Anil Prakash 2 S.R. Nawange 3,Jitendra Nawange1,3 and Maanyata Tiwari 3

1.Department of Microbiology J.H. GOVT. P.G. College, Betul (M.P.)2.Department of Microbiology Barkatullah Vishwavidalaya Bhopal (M.P.) 3.FungalDisease Diagnositc and Research Center , Jabalpur,[email protected]

Keywords: C. neoformans , Decaying wood, Betul , Swabbing technique.

The aim of this study is to report regional prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans, ahealth hazard in decayed wood. Fifty five wood sampled from 10 trees of Betul city werecollected and processed by swabbing technique, 24 were found to contain strains ofCryptococcus. The numbers of trees positive for Cryptococcus neoformans were 16(76.19%), the highest CGU (3.4 x 104) was found in Butea monosperma and lowestCFU (1.1x 104) was found in N. oleander. Nine tree species, viz., Ficusbenghalensis,Mangifera indica, Azadirachta indica, Saracaasoca, Tectonagrandis, Delonixregia,Nerium syzygiumcumini, Tectonagrandis, and Citrus aurantifolia were recorded asthe host for Cryptococcus neoformans for the second time in Central India.

98

II-18 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SYNERGISTIC EFFECTOF BIOACTIVE PLANT EXTRACT OF CATHARANTHUSROSEUS AND AZADIRACHTA INDICA AGAINST DIFFERENTPATHOGENIC MICROBES

Manisha, Lovely Singh and *Sharmita GuptaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute

(Deemed University), Agra(U.P.) – [email protected]

Keywords: Antifungal, A. indica, C. roseus, Aqueous extract, Methanol extract

This study is focused on exploring the antifungal properties of the plants that are commonlybeing used as traditional medicines. The antifungal potential was screened against C.albicans, F. moniliforme, A. fumigatus. Aqueous and Methanolic extracts of C. roseusand A. indica against selected spp. were subjected to a test of their antifungal propertiesby agar well and paper disc diffusion method. Whole solvent plant extract of A. indicaexhibited zone range of 2.3cm at 30μl. Aqueous extract of leaf showed zone range of 2.7cm and 2.6 cm at 90μl in paper disc and agar well method of both plants.



99

II-19 EFFICACY OF SELECTED SUNDARBAN MANGROVEPLANTS AGAINST POTENTIAL PATHOGENIC MICROBES

Meenakshi Garg, Soham Biswas, Zainab Zafar, Pratyusha Adak, Madhura MondalPG Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata.30,Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata – 700 [email protected]

Keywords: mangrove, antimicrobial, antioxidant, phytochemical

The study deals with the antimicrobial activity of the leaves of some mangrove plants ofSundarbans, viz. Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Excoecaria agallocha, Avicennia alba andAegialitis rotundifolia. The activity was evaluated against a few reference bacterial andfungal strains and antibacterial properties. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presenceof tannins, terpenoids and phenolic derivatives. Ethanolic extract of E. agallocha hashighest DPPH scavenging activity (75.55%), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) , hydroxylradical scavenging activity (78.43%) and also the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity(67.13%). A clear pink and yellow colouration under TLC indicates the presence ofterpenoids and phenolic derivatives indicating thereby there potential use as antimicrobialand efficient antioxidant agent.

100

II-20 ENHANCEMENT OF XYLANASE PRODUCTION ANDACTIVITY BY MODIFYING ECOLOGICAL FACTORS(TEMPERATURE AND PH) FOR FUNGAL ISOLATES FROMCITY WASTE OF BAREILLY

Nazish and A.K. JaitlyMicrobiology Lab Department of Plant Science M.J.P. Rohilkhand UniversityBareilly 243006 [email protected]

Keywords: Hemicellulose, Temperature, pH, xylanase, Sugarcane baggase

Xylanase a hemicellulose degrading enzyme has been tested for their enhanced activity ondifferent temperature and pH. Tested fungal isolates were grown on Bhatt and Maheshwarimedium at different temperature and pH. Highest enzyme activity was expressed byHumicola grisea (2.85 U/ml) and Sporotrichum thermophile (1.98 U/ml) at 55 ºC,Monelia sp. (2.89U/ml) at 40 ºC and Aspergillus niger (2.09 U/ml) at 50 ºC whereasAspergillus fumigatus and Thermoascus aurantiacus have maximum activity at 45 ºC.The enzyme was relatively stable at pH 4.0 to 8.0 but their maximum activity was shownat pH 5.0 and 5.5.



101

II-21 NANOENCAPSULATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS: A WAYTO IMPROVED ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES

Neha Sharma and Sanjay GuleriaDivision of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University ofAgricultural Sciences and Technology, Chatha, Jammu (J&K) 180009,[email protected]

Keywords : antimicrobial agents , resistance , microbes

Plant essential oils are made up of many different volatile compounds whose synergisticeffects could lead to antifungal and antimicrobial effects. Essential oils are sensitive materialswhich can easily suffer degradation in the presence of oxygen, light and moderatetemperatures. Major goals in stabilizing essential oils formulations to protect them fromdegradation, evaporation and to have a controlled release. Nano-encapsulation has beenrecently developed for protecting EOs from evaporation and oxidation, offer controlledrelease, improve the stability. This study focuses on the encapsulation of essential oils fordrug resistance and enhancement of their antimicrobial activities.

II-22 STUDY OF TOXIGENICITY IN FUNGI ISOLATEDFROM FOOD GRAINS CONSUMED BY TRIBALS OF BIHAR

Onkar Nath BarhwaliaSri Shankar College, Sasaram, [email protected]

Keywords: Tribal belt, mycotoxin, aflatoxin, ochratoxin, citrinin,

Six fungal species obtained from food grains were collected randomly from the tribal areasof Bihar and screened in culture medium for their toxin producing potentials. Aspergilusflavus /Aspergilus parasiticus were recorded to be dominant. A. flavus/ parasiticus

102

produced aflatoxin B1 only. The incidence of toxigenic strain was highest in A. flavusgroup of fungi followed by A. ochraceous and Fusarium graminearum. Incidence andlevels of toxigenicity in fungal isolates were strain dependent. High incidence (39.39%) oftoxigenic fungi in food commodities is a great concern to tribal populations of Bihar whobeing poor have little choice for food selection.

II-23 AMINO ACIDS, SUGARS AND ORGANIC ACIDSCOMPOSITION OF THE MYCELIUM OF FIVE SPECIES OFAPLOSPORELLA SPEG.

P. S. KasteDepartment of Botany, J.D. Patil Sangludkar College, Daryapur Distt. Amravati –444 803 (M.S),[email protected]

Keywords: Amino acids, sugars, organic acids, Aplosporella

To identify plant constituents one has to isolate and not only to purify but also to determinethe class of compound. The class of compound is normally clear from its response to colortests, its solubility, RF property etc. In addition to chromatographic methods, one methodlike UV, IR, NMR and MS measurements are also in practice. But for all practical purposes,the writer has preferred chromatographic methods to analyze different constituents inAplosporella. The precise mode of extraction depends on the texture and water contentof the plant material being extracted and the type of substance that is being isolated.



103

II-24 SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES ON BENOMYLRESISTANCE IN FUSARIUM UDUM

Sanjay V. Kamble 1, Premchand B. Sirsat2, Uttam S. Salve1ACS College, Pimpalner (G.) Tq.Dist.Beed-431122(MS);2 Mrs. K.S.K. College,Beed. Tq Dist. Beed - 431122 (M.S.),3 Swa. Sawarkar College, Beed. Tq. Dist Beed- 431122 (M.S.)[email protected]

Keywords: In-vitro, fungicides, percentage control efficacy (PCE)

In-vitro fungicides such as carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, thirum, difolatan and zirumgave higher percentage control efficacy (PCE) of benomyl for the control benomyl resistantmutant on agar plates benomyl was used in combination with other fungicides. This alsosuggest the decreases in the benomyl resistance in the pathogen due to synergistic effct.In-Vivo synergistic effect of benomyl with other fungicides was studies by transplantationtechnique of ICRISAT. The PCF of benomyl on pigeonpea wilt incited by benomyl resistantmutant that mixing of benomyl with other fungicides was increased at various concentrations.

104

II-25 CARRIER BASED BIOFORMULATION OF TWIN-BACTERIAL CONSORTIUM OF BACILLUS ENHANCEGROWTH AND YIELD ENHANCEMENT OF CICERARIETINUM L. IN FIELD

Sandhya Dhiman, Nitin Baliyan and D. K. MaheswariDept of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar,Uttarakhand,[email protected]

Keywords: Endophyte, Bioinoculant, Biofilm, Sugarcane straw ash.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the bioformulations of four economically viablecarriers (sugarcane straw ash, red brick from furnace, sawdust from Populus and cowdung slurry) based preparations impregnated with plant growth beneficial strains of Bacillusaltitudinis MRN-16 and Bacillus cereus MEN-8 effect on health and yield of Ciceraritinum under farmer’s field conditions. Both the strains with PGP and antagonistic abilitiesagainst two fungal phytopathogens (Rhizctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum) wereinoculated in all the carriers separately and in combination. The results were found statisticallysignificant. The sugarcane straw ash based consortial bioformulations gave the best results.



105

II-26 ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF CITRUS LIMON L.AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

Sharad BissaMicrobial Biotechnology and Biofertilizer Laboratory, Department of Botany,Center of Advanced Study, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur-342001 (INDIA)[email protected]

Keywords: Citruc limon, Antibacterial, Kirby-bauer, MICInhibition

In the present study antibacterial activity of Leaves, fruit peel and fruit juice of Citruslimon L. (Lemon) was tested against some human pathogenic bacteria viz. E. coli,Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter aerogenes procured fromIMTECH, Chandigarh. Disc diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobialactivity of different plant parts extracts (Aqueous, Ethanol, Chloroform and PetroleumEther). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were also determined for effectiveextracts. All the extracts exhibited significant antibacterial activity and highest activity wasobserved in petroleum ether extract of lemon peel against E. coli.

II-27 EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OFEMBELIA ROBUSTA SEED EXTRACT IN ALLOXANINDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS.

Sharada Seekonda , A.Roja RaniDept. of Genetics and Biotechnology, Osmnia University, Hyderabad, [email protected]

Keywords : Embelin, Alloxan, Gliclazide

Embelin [2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl,2-cyclohexadiene-1,4-benzo-quinone] as a majorbioactive constituent. Alloxan (130mg/kg body wt) induced diabetic rats. The 30 adultwistar rats were randomly divided into 5-groups of 6 rats. Group-I: normal control,

106

Group-II: diabetic control, Group-III: standard (Gliclazide 50mg/kg body wt orally),Group-IV & Group-V test groups treated with E. robusta at the doses of 50 mg/ kg, and100mg/ kg of body wt orally for 28days. Fasting blood glucose levels were significantly(P<0.05) lowered in the test groups IV & groups V with 50 and 100 mg/ kg body wt ofextract. which are comparable to the standard drug gliclazide.

II-28 SOIL BORNE MICROFLORA HELPING IN THEINHIBITION OF POTENTIAL FUNGAL PATHOGEN INSolanum tuberosum

Subham Jyoti Biswas, Hridi Halder, Nayan Ghosh, Sayani Mukherjee, SwagatamMaity, Shouvik Bhattacharya and Arup Kumar MitraDepartment of MicroBiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), [email protected]

Keywords: rhizosphere, phytopathogenic, biofertilizers, antimicrobial affect,

The main aim of this experiment is to isolate soil-borne microflora having antimicrobialproperties, which can inhibit potential fungal pathogen(s) in Solanum tuberosum. Fromsoil samples, different types of bacterial colonies were isolated and identified. Colonieswere pure-cultured and incubated as per need. Microbial strains from those pure cultureswere identified by several techniques (Gram staining, Chromagar™þ plating, T- streaking,16S rRNA sequencing, etc.). Identifying the strains having required antimicrobial properties,they can be used as biopesticide. Not only will it save the cultivating plants, but alsosignificantly reduce usage of synthetic biopesticide, which, in turn, reduces soil pollution.



107

II-29 PHB PRODUCTION IN BACTERIA ISOLATED FROMESTUARIES ALONG THE EASTERN COAST OF INDIA

Shubhashree Mahalik1, Jatin Kumar Pradhan*2, Dhanesh Kumar3

1,2P.G. Dept. of Biosciences & Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756020, Odisha, India. 3School of Life Sciences, Hyderabad Central University, ProfC. R. Rao Road, P.O. Central University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana-500046,[email protected]

Keywords- Marine, Estuary, Odisha, Bacillus, HB

In India the coastal of Odisha having 26 km long seashore. It is lined with several estuariesrich in biodiversity. In the present study an attempt has been made to isolate and identifybacteria found along the estuaries of Balasore. Many marine microorganisms have thepotential to secrete one such industrially significant product, PHB (Polyhydroxybutyrate),has been elucidated. Several rounds of sampling, pure culture, morphological, biochemicaland phylogenetic screening led to the identification of two PHB producing strains. Isolate5 was identified to be Brevibacillus sp. Isolate 8 was identified as Lysinibacillus sp.

108

II-30 BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF VIRUSINFECTING GARDEN QUININE AND ITS EFFECT ONNITROGEN OF HOST PLANT.

Sonal and Sharmita GuptaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (DeemedUniversity), Dayalbagh, [email protected]

Keywords: Garden quinine, viruses, mosaic and nitrogen

C. inerme (Garden quinine) plants were found naturally affected by severe mosaicsymptoms in some parks and gardens of Agra. Virus infection generally results in thedrastic biochemical and physiological changes in the host plants. Viral nature wasestablished through biological characterization. Variations in symptom expression alongwithhost range, were studied. For the estimation of nitrogen, leaf samples were collectedseparately from healthy and infected Garden quinine plants (Dayalbagh EducationalInstitute, Agra, U.P.). In the present study it was observed that the infection hadincreased the nitrogen of the host plant.

II-31 ASSESSMENT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE GROWTH OFMICROSPORUM CANIS AND HISTOPLASMA CAPSULATUM

Surendra Kr. Prasad & Namita KumariDepartment of Botany, Magadh Mahila College, Patna University, [email protected] , [email protected]

Keywords: Keratinophilic fungi, dermatophytes, pathogenic, temperature, growth behavior.

Some Keratinophilic fungi, dermatophytes are potentially pathogenic to human beings andanimals causing so many skin diseases. The soil samples were collected from all thelocalities of Patna. The growth of dermatophytes is influenced by climatic factors as



109

temperature .is one of the important factor for their growth. The growth behavior of suchfungi at different temperatures is very important with respect to the survival ofdermatophytes, severity of skin diseases. Growth behavior of keratinophilic fungiMicrosporum canis and Histoplasma capsulatum had been investigated at differenttemperatue- 20ºC, 25ºC, 30ºC, 35ºC and 40ºC.


111

SUB-SECTION-III

Angiosperms: Floristics, Biodiversity andEthnobotany


113

III-01 AN ATTEMPT TO AUTHENTICATE HERBALTINCTURES USING DNA BARCODING

Akanksha PriyaDepartment of Botany, University of Delhi, [email protected]

Keywords: Tinctures, ITS2, DNA Barcoding, NCBI, BLAST

Approximately 7000 Indian medicinal plants are described in Ayurveda. In the markets,they are sold either as crude or in processed forms. In the past few years, the technique ofDNA bar coding has been successful for authentication of herbals. ITS2 was tested as abarcode for authentication of tinctures of 20 of the 960 traded medicinal plants. ITS2sequences of these 20 were available on NCBI. The amplification and sequencing successrates from these samples were 55% and 50%, respectively. BLAST search of ITS2sequences of nine samples on NCBI GenBank assigned two of them to Abutilon pannosumand the remaining two to Pseudomonas putida.

III-02 SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF MEDICINAL PLANTS OFANTIOBESITY

Asha B. Kadam and Bhagyashali KarleDepartment of Botany, New Arts, Com & Sci. College, Ahmednagar, M.S., India [email protected]

Keywords: Obesity, Medicinal plant, Herbal products, Anti-obesity

Obesity is a global health problem. It is an energy balance disorder in which nutrient intakechronically exceeds expenditure, resulting in excessive white adipose tissue accumulation.Around 10 local plants show anti-obesity natural ingredients & plant preparation may

114

enhance satiety, boost metabolism & speed up weight loss. A variety of natural plants,functional compounds have been used in different anti-obesity products. In this study, theanti-obesity effects of different dietary or herbal products, & their active ingredients &mechanisms of action obesity will be discussed.

III-03 FOLKLORE MEDICINE USED BY KOYA TRIBES OFGANGOLU VILLAGE, BHADRADRI KOTHAGUDEUMDISTRICT, TELANGANA STATE

B. Lalitha KumariDepartment of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, [email protected]

Keywords: Folklore Medicine, skin diseases, Azadirachta indica, Gangolu village

In the present study, a number of plants which are used by koya tribes of Gangolu village,Bhadradri Kothagudeum District, for the treatment of skin diseases have been documented.Based on the concept of “a plant for cure of a common disease”, single plant was selectedfor common skin diseases like wounds, ring worm, itching, warts, eczema, vitilago, chickenpocks, measles. The plant parts of Azadirachta indica, Curcuma longa, Annonasquamosa, Plumbago zeylanica, Citrus lemon, Terminalia chebula, Phyllanthusemblica, Hibiscus rosa sinenesis, Tridax procumbens, Lucas aspera, Ricinus communisand Mangefera indica were used for treatment.



115

III-04 Biodiversity Hotspots and Invasive Alien plants in IndianHimalayan Region (IHR)

B. P. MishraDepartment of Environmental ScienceMizoram University, Aizawl- 796 004, [email protected]

Keywords: Biodiversity conservation, Himalayas, Invasive alien plants,

In India, there are 4 hotspots of biodiversity including Himalayan region. In this region, theAmerican continent is the major contributor of invasive alien plants and majority of themexhibit herbaceous life-form. The invasive alien plants adversely affect the ecosystemfunctioning and the economy. Apart from adverse effects, the invasive alien species arebeneficial to the certain extent in terms of environmental services, and economic andmedicinal values. The IUCN is actively engaged in invasive plants control, and has developedGlobal Invasive Species Database. In India, the GBPIHED Almora, an establishment ofthe MoEF & CC, is the nodal institute for effective control of invasive alien plants.

116

III-05 MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OFARKIBLOCK OF KHUNTI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND WITHTHEIR USES AND CONSERVATION

Dara Singh Gupta1, Ashok Kumar2 and Meenu Verma3

1. Univ. Deptt. of Botany, K.U. Chaibasa-833202 ;2 Deptt. of Botany, A. S. CollegeDeoghar, Jharkhand and 3Research Schocolar, Univ. Dept. of Botany, KolhanUniv., Chaibasa, Jharkhand [email protected]

Keywords: Medicinal and Aromatic plants, Arki Block, aromatherapy

In Indian traditions, all the plants in this earth are considered as medicinal [Jivak in AstangaHriday (Sutra 9:10). Present paper deals with the 17(Seventeen) medicinal and aromaticplants with 14 families, which were extensively used for the ailments of different diseases.Arki Block of Khunti District of Jharkhand, a hilly place, is rich in ethno medicinal plants.Due to poor condition of modern healthcare facilities and excess poverty, the indigenouspeople as well as other tribal people of this Block fully or partially depend on local medicinalplants, hence proper maintenance and conservation should be done.



117

III-06 BUTEA MONOSPERMA (LAM.) VAR. LUTEA (WITT)MAHESHWARI (FABACEAE) A NEW RECORD FORVIDHARBA REGION FROM YAVATMAL DISTRICT,MAHARASHTRA STATE, INDIA.

Eanguwar Srinivas Reddy*, V. B Chavan **and U. B. Deshmukh****Dep. of Botany, Baliram Patil Arts, Commerce and Science College, Kinwat, DistrictNanded, Maharashtra.,**Dep. of Botany, Science College Nanded, Maharashtra,***P.G. Department of Botany, Janata Mahavidyalaya, Chandrapur. Maharashtra,[email protected]

Keywords: Butea monosperma (Lam.) Var. Lutea (Witt), new record, Yavatmal District,Maharashtra, India.

During an exploration of Yavtmal District forest in the year 2018-19 a less known and rarevariety of Butea monosperma (Lam.) var. lutea (Witt.) (Fabaceae), in presence of ivory-white flower buds and bright yellows was noted. This paper provides a detailed descriptionand photograph of this taxon with its locality.

118

III-07 PATTERNS OF GRASS DIVERSITY IN TWO TALUKSOF SHIVAMOGGA DISTRICT, KARNATAKA.

H.S. Yogeesh Naik and Y.L. Krishnamurthy*Department of PG Studies and Research in Applied Botany , Jnana Sahyadri ,KuvempuUniversity,Shankaraghatta-577451,Karnataka,[email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: Species richness, biodiversity, Grass, tribes.

Grass biodiversity patterns were analyzed in two taluks (Soraba and Thirthahalli) ofShivamogga district. The study compiles grass distribution in both taluks. About 50 and 61species of grasses belong to 32 and36genera of 11 and12 tribes recorded in Soraba andThirthahalli. Species richness, diversity and evenness indices were varied between bothtaluks. Certain grasses were common in both taluks. Whereas,certain grasses-Apludamutica, Coixlacryma-jobiand Cymbopogon martini were specific inSoraba andArundinellatuberculata, Cynodonintermediusand Jansenellagriffithianawere specificin Thirthahalli.The study could play an important role in the conservation strategies.



119

III-08 ETHNOMEDICINAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL ANDANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES ON SOME MEDICINAL PLANTSOF VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

L. Mutyala Naidu*1 and M. Krishna Rao2

1Department of Botany, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram - 533296, Andhra Pradesh, 2S.R.V.B.S.J.B. Maharanee College, Peddapuram, EastGodavari District, Andhra Pradesh - 533 [email protected]

Keywords: Ethnomedicine, Phytochemicals, Antimicrobials, Visakhapatnam

A detailed investigation on medicinal plant taxa associated with the local tribes is taken upwith the objectives of an intensive field exploration studies in the areas of tribal inhabitations,and to screen the selected medicinal plants for their ethnomedicinal uses, photochemicaland their antimicrobial properties. Traditional uses of 181 plant species belonging to 154genera representing 81 families have been used for 136 different diseases. Crude extractsfrom 26 plant species were found to possess an activity against microorganisms. Methanolextracts possessed strong antimicrobial activity and mode of mechanism of action of theplant materials call for further investigation.

120

III-09 ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF VINCA ROSEA , SESAMUMINDICUM AND PIPER LONGUM WHOLE PLANT EXTRACT

Lalit SinghDepartment of Botany, D.B.S (P.G) College Karanpur, Dehradun(U.K.);[email protected]

Keywords : Diabetes, Vinca rosea, Sesamum indicum, Piper longum

Diabetes is one of the most affected diseases, in the humans. Herbal medication is preferredfor diabetes due to its least side effect therefore whole plant extracts of Vinca rosea alongwith Sesamum indicum, and Piper longum has been used due to presence of sugarreducing alkaloids. The extent of sugar reducing capacity of these plants was analyzedthrough whole plant extracts on diabetic humans. From the current studies it can be concludedthat there is general decrease in blood sugar by oral ingestion of Vinca rosea whole plantextract. The extract especially of the leaves helps to regenerate Beta cells of islets ofLangerhans which produce insulin.



121

III-10 ETHNOMEDICINAL, PHYTOCHEMICALSCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF UPPERFOREST AREA OF EAST GODAVARI DISTRICT, ANDHRAPRADESH, INDIA

M. Krishna Rao1 and L. Mutyala Naidu2

1S.R.V.B.S.J.B. Maharanee College, Peddapuram, East Godavari District, AndhraPradesh - 533 437, 2Department of Botany, Adikavi NannayaUniversity,Rajamahendravaram,East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh – 533296, [email protected]

Keywords: Ethnomedicine, medicinal plants, phytochemicals, antimicrobial properties,East Godavari

The study area includes 11 agency mandals of the East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh. Adetailed investigation is taken up with the objectives of an intensive field exploration studiesin the areas of tribal inhabitations, and to screen the selected medicinal plants for theirphytochemicals and their antimicrobial properties. Traditional uses of 186 plant speciesbelonging to 135 genera representing 60 families have been recorded. The present resultstherefore offer scientific basis for traditional use of solvent extracts of the some medicinalplants could be a possible source to obtain new and effective herbal medicines to treatinfections caused by multi-drug resistant strains of microorganisms.

122

III-11 ASSESSMENT OF MANGROVE DIVERSITY ANDECOPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES IN ANDALOOR ESTUARYKANNUR, KERALA, INDIA

M.P. Mrudul Lal and A. ArunprasathPG & Research Department of Botany, PSG College of Arts & Science,Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu, India – 641 014 [email protected]

Keywords: Andaloor, Diversity, Ecophysiology, Monsoon, Mangroves

During the study, 9 species of true mangroves, 2 species of semi mangroves and 9 speciesof mangrove associates were identified. The physicochemical variation studies of bothabiotic and biotic components of the mangrove ecosystem of Andaloor estuary wasconducted. The temperature of water, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, dissolvedoxygen, biological oxygen demand and mineral composition were assayed. Soil analysisincluded moisture content. All the studies were carried during monsoon and post-monsoonseasons. In conclusion the investigation, it has been observed that mineral composition inboth water and soil decreased in monsoon and increased in post-monsoon seasons.

III-12 ETHNOMEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF THE HERB –COCCULUS HIRSUTUS

Madhumita Maitra, Somali Mukherjee,Debajyoti Das, Rohan Dan, Shreyans ChatterjeeDepartment of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College, Kolkata;[email protected]

Keywords: Cocculus hirsutus, invasive creeper, ethnomedicinal, Alkaloid

Cocculus hirsutus is a tropical invasive creeper of India, Pakistan and tropical Africa.This plant is rich in chemical constituents and traditionally used as an alterative, laxative,and treats eczema, joint pain and skin diseases. In this study, our aim was to study the



123

ethnomedicinal properties of this plant which was collected from Jhargram, West Bengal.Its efficiency was compared to the efficiency of commonly used Aloe vera plant. Purecultures of gut and skin microflora were prepared and well diffusion was performed usingleaf extracts (Cocculus and Aloe vera) to see their effect on the microbes. Alkaloid testswere performed on the leaf extracts to determine their alkaloid percentage.

III-13 ARGEMONE OCHROLEUCA: A REVIEW ON ITSETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Manaswi Rani and *Sharmita GuptaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science,Dayalbagh Educational Institute(Deemed University), Agra(U.P.) – [email protected]

Keywords: A. ochroleuca, Papaveraceae, Ethnopharmacological, Invasive, Ailments

The genus- Argemone (Papaveraceae) possesses almost 30 species; an annual herb, withprickly stems, capsules and leaves. It is an invasive worldwide genus which shows economicsignificance. The present work offers a review on addressing the detailedethnopharmacology of Argemone ochroleuca. This plant is used for the treatment ofseveral ailments including, cure of eye infections, dermatological disorders, combatinginsomnia, warts, soughs and spots. Argemone genus is the abundant source of alkaloidsalthough presence of flavanoids, fattyacids, tannins, saponins, phenols, terpenoids, steroids,protein and carbohydrate.

124

III-14 ANGIOSPERMIC FLORA OF SITAMATA WILDLIFESANCTUARY, RAJASTHAN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCETO INVASIVE ALIEN FLORA

Mohammed Yaseen1, Yamini Dashora, Nazneen Sheikh, Tanmay Rathi andManjeet ShinghDept. of Biology, Central Academy, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) [email protected]

Keywords: Angiospermic diversity, Wildlife sanctuary, alien species, invasive, habitat.

During the present study of Sitamata Wildlife sanctuary, 305 species of Angiospermbelonging to 88 families were documented. Out of these 233 (82.95%) species are Dicotsand remaining 72 (17.05%) species are monocots. The invasive alien plants are representing7.86% of the total angiospermic flora (24 species) this sanctuary. Lantana camara islisted among the 10 worst weeds of the world grows well in open, degraded land and hasinvaded forest plantations and riparian zones. Its allelopathic effect interrupts the regenerationprocess of native species by inhibiting the seed germination and growth.

III-15 FLORISTIC STUDY OF FEW ALIEN INVASIVEPLANT SPECIES OF DISTRICT GOPALGANJ, BIHAR.

Md. Sarfaraz Ahmad and Aleya Siddiquee Department of Botany, Gopeshwar College, Hathwa, Gopalganj, Bihar. [email protected]

Keywords: IAS, biodiversity loss, biomass production.

Alien Species (AS) after becoming locally dominant invades natural communities are referredas Invasive Alien Species (IAS). IAS are the second largest cause of biodiversity loss andimpose high costs to agriculture, aquatic ecosystems and have the ability to displace native



125

plant species, disrupt nutrient cycles, and change the pattern of plant succession. Theyhave faster rate of growth and biomass production. District Gopalganj of N. Bihar isoccupied by a large number of IAS which were originated from Himalayan range throughflood water. Some species viz. Ageratum conyzoids, Antigonon leptopus Argemonemexicana, Lantana camara, Parthenium hysterophorus, Eichhornia stratiotes showserious threat to the native species.

III-16 EXPLORING THE AQUATIC AND SEMI AQUATICANGIOSPERMS AS HUMAN FOOD

Prasanjit Mukherjee and Jyoti KumarPlant Taxonomy and Ecology, Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, K.K.M.College, Pakur., University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, [email protected]

Keywords : Aquatic and Semi Aquatic Angiosperms , Human Food.

The aquatic ecosystem supports a rich diversity of aquatic plants and animals. During therecent past, a number of Many experiments have proved that these highly productiveplants are generally more productive than conventional terrestrial crops. A important foodvalues, as vegetable or as medicine. Some of these can be cultivated as vegetables and forother ornamental purposes and cam be more productive because these plants does notrequire any fertilizers or tillage. number of aquatic plants are used as food. Many of theseplants are sold in the urban vegetable market for its.

126

III-17 ETHNOBOTANICAL USES OF PLANTS BY ANDH ANDPARDHI COMMUNITIES OF MARATHWADA REGION (M.S.)

Rafiuddin Naser & *Imtiyaz Hussain ZahidBotany Department. Maulana Azad College, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus,Aurangabad. (M.S.) 431001 ,*Department of Botany, Abeda Inamdar SeniorCollege, Azam Campus, [email protected]

Keywords: Ethnobotany, contraceptives, abortifiacient, diarrhea dysentery,traditionalhealers etc.

The tribal communities of Marathwada region are dependent upon wild plants for theirprimary healthcare, and treatment of diseases. They collect the useful plants from theforest and cultivate in fields for using plant material as raw drug.The objective of presentstudy is to highlight the information on utility of plants by Andh and Pardhi communities ofthe region. During this study 46 plant species are documented viz. Abrus precatorius,Acacia nilotica, Alangium salvifolium, Annona squamosa, Azadirachta indica,Calotropis gigantea, Enicostemma littorale and Lawsonia inermis which are new tothe region.. Herbariums are deposited in the herbaria of Botany Department of MaulanaAzad College, Aurangabad.



127

III-18 INVESTIGATION ON ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS OFKANNAUJ DISTRICT, U.P.

S.K. Verma and R.B. YadavDepartment of Botany, JantaMahavidyalayaAjitmal, Auraiya-206121 (U.P.) [email protected]

Keywords : Ethnomedicinal plants, Traditional medicinal uses

The present study deals with Ethnomedicinal plants of Kannauj district of Uttar Pradesh,India. The rich floristic diversity of district Kannaujhave been an important source of naturalproducts with medicinal properties. The villagers of the district use large number of medicinalplant species for treatment of different diseases. But due to deforestation and indiscriminateexploitation of natural resources many valuable plant species are at the verge of extinction.About 60 plants species have been reported in this manuscript which are used for thetreatment of various diseases.

III-19 TRADITIONAL INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE OF SOMEMEDICINAL PLANTS BY LOCAL RURAL PEOPLE FROMBANASTHALI UNIVERSITY, TONK DISTRICT-RAJASTHAN

Sweta SainScience Department, Shekhawati Group of Institute, Sikar, Rajasthan [email protected]

Keywords: Biodiversity, Indigenous, Knowledge, Banasthali

Rajasthan have a variety of plants with great diversity and potential undisclosed in it. Sincethe beginning of human civilization, plants have been used by mankind for its therapeuticvalue. The present study is an attempt to explore the traditional indigenous knowledge of

128

the local rural people from Banasthali. A total of 44 plants species belong to 29 familiesand 41 gerera are found to be common throughout study area. Plant as a whole or plantpart such as leaves, bark, root, fruit, pulp, latex and flower etc. are used for medicinalpurposes.

III-20 ACMELLA RADICANS (JACQUIN) R.K. JANSEN(ASTERACEAE)–A NEW RECORD TO VIDHARBA REGIONOF MAHARASHTRA STATE (INDIA).

Umakant B. Deshmukh*, Eanguwar Srinivas Reddy** and V. B Chavan**** P.G. Department of Botany, Janata Mahavidyalaya, Chandrapur. Maharashtra,India.** Dep. of Botany, Baliram Patil Arts, Commerce and Science College,Kinwat, District Nanded, Maharashtra, *** Dep. of Botany, Science CollegeNanded, Maharashtra,[email protected]

Keywords: Acmella radicans, Asteraceae, new record, Vidharba region, India.

Acmella radicans (Jacquin) R.K. Jansen of Asteraceae family was collected from ChikhaliVillage of Mul Taluka of Chandrapur District, Vidharba region from Maharashtra Stateduring an ethno botanical survey in January 2019. After going through the literature as wellas herbarium specimens the Acmella radicans (Jacquin) R.K. Jansen is found to be newrecord for Vidharba of Maharashtra State, India. A brief description with colouredphotograph, phenological data, current nomenclature, notes on distribution are providedhere.



129

III-21 UNCONVENTIONAL INDIGENOUS FOOD PLANTSOF WESTERN MADHYA PRADESH

Veena SatyaS. B. N. Govt. P. G. College, Barwani, Madhya Pradesh- 451551, [email protected]

Keywords: NTFPs, Tribal, Food, Nutritional, Edible, Conserve.

NTFPs are the critical component of daily bread of rural and tribal people. The value ofwild edible vegetable in food security will provide staple valuable nutritional supplements.A large number of plant species from various plant categories have been identified andreported as wild edible food species. Due to over exploitation, habitat destruction, naturaldisasters, and continuous invasion of alien species has led to need to document, conserveand cultivate wild food plants for sustainable utilization of them. In Present paper, 61unconventional wild edible plants have been reported from western M.P. which is essentialpart of daily diet of tribal and rural people.

130

III-22 AN ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY OF MEDICINALPLANT SPECIES IN SERAIKELA-KHARSAWAN DISTRICTOF JHARKHAND, INDIA.

Vishnu Shankar Sinha , *Krishna Pyare and Sushant RamP.G. Department of Botany, Tata College, Chaibasa, Jharkhand, India-833202*Department of Botany, K.S. College, Seraikela, Jharkhand, India- [email protected]

Keywords: Tribals, Vaidyas, pharmacological, biochemical.

The survey was conducted during (2017-2018) to tribal rich areas of Seraikela- Kharsawandistrict for ethno botanical studies. Vaidyas, Kaviraj, informants, village head man andpatients were interviewed. The survey reports found 20 medicinal plants Acacia niloticaDelile, Adhatoda vasica Nees, Aegle marmelos Correa, Amarantus spinosus L.,Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees, Argemone mexicana L., Azadirachtaindica A. Juss., Bauhinia acuminate L., Boerhaavia diffusa L., Carica papaya L.,Cassia angustifolia L., Cassia fistula L., Cassia occidentalies L., Cassis tora L.,Centella asiatica (L.) urban, Cicer arietinum L. are frequently used to cure variousdiseases. The results suggest further biochemical and pharmacological studies to be carriedout.



131

III-23 THE CHARACTERIZATION OF CASTOR (RICINUSCOMMUNIS L.) ACCESSIONS FOR AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS

Yamanura and R Mohan KumarAll India Co-ordinated Research Project on Castor, Zonal Agricultural researchStation, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560 [email protected],[email protected]

Keywords: Agro-Morphological traits, Qualitative traits, Quantitative characters

Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is an industrially important non-edible oilseed crop; itsseed oil has multifarious applications in production of wide industrial products. Germplasmis the basic gene pool to search for useful genes and genotypes needed for achievingdesirable genetic improvement. Studies on genetic diversity are necessary to elucidate andcategorize the naturally existing variability. In this context a study had been made tocharacterise 60 castor accessions based on their morphological characters as per DUSguidelines under augmented design during Kharif-2018 at AICRP Castor, GKVK,Bengaluru. All the germplasm shown great extent of morphological variability for all thetraits observed.


133

SUB-SECTION –IV

Angiosperms: Developmentand Reproductive Biology


135

IV-01 LEAF PHENOLOGY OF TAMARINDUS INDICA L.FOUND IN ALIERO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OFKEBBI STATE, NIGERIA

Dharmendra SinghDepartment of Biological Sciences, Kebbi State University of Science andTechnology Aliero Kebbi State, Nigeria, [email protected]

Keywords: Leaf Phenology, T. indica L. Aliero, Kebbi State.

Leaf dynamics is termed as leaf phenology. Phenological phases are reoccurring biologicalevents that signal changes in climates environmental conditions and genetic factors duringthe developmental of the plants. In Tamarindus indica L. seasonal reduction in foliagewas observed to have occurred during the period February to April, and minimum foliagewas in March in individuals which did not become leafless. Detection of two variants in T.indica L in this study shows considererable functional diversity among conspecific trees.Individuals of T. indica L. responded variously to micro sites conditions, making it essentiallya semi - evergreen species, in the Turawa valley of Aliero town (study area).

136

IV-02 EFFICACY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF MUTAGEN ONPOLLEN STERILITY IN HYACINTH BEAN [LABLABPURPUREUS (L.) SWEET]

Ganesh B Kulkarni and Gautam P UndirwadeDepartment of Botany, J.E.S’. R.G. Bagdia Arts, S.B. Lakhotia Commerce and R.Bezonji Science college, Jalna 431203 (M.S.)[email protected]

Keywords: Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet, Hyacinth bean, EMS, SA, Gamma rays,pollen sterility.

Hyacinth bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] Fabaceae member, M1 generation of wasraised by treating the seeds of varieties Konkan Bhushan and KonkanWal-2 with variedconcentration of chemical (EMS- 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15%,and SA 0.010, 0.015 and 0.020%) and physical (Gamma rays 5, 10 and 15KR) mutagens to observe the pollen sterility.The maximum pollen sterility 12.26 % seen at 0.020 % SA treatment in Konkan Bhushanand 14.40 % at 0.020 % SA treatment in Konkan Wal-2. The general trends showsdirectly proportional to increase pollen sterility with increasing concentration or doses ofmutagens.



137

IV-03 STUDY OF AEROSPORA IN THE ATMOSPHERE OFDECCAN PARK OF TOLICHOWKI AREA OF CENTRAL ZONEOF GREATER HYDERABAD OF TELANGANA STATE

*P. Chaya and Humera ShabnamPalynology and Paleobotany Research Lab, Department of Botany,University College of Science, Saifabad, Osmania University, [email protected];[email protected]

Keywords: Aeroallergens; Palynomixtum ; Deccan Park; Seven Tombs

Aerobiological studies of Deccan park, situated next to Qutub Shahi tombs in the Golcondaarea of Hyderabad, during July to September 2019 revealed diversified palynomixtum.The allergenic pollen grains include Prosopis juliflora, Ailanthus excelsa, Ageratumconyzoides, Holoptelea integrifolia, Achyranthes aspera, Amaranthus sps.,Enterolobium saman, Grass pollen, Ricinus communis, Ocimum sps.,etc. and fungalspores Alternaria, Nigrospora, Bispora, Tetraploa, Curvularia, Torula, Epicoccum,Drecshlera, Sporidesmium, and Cladosporium are recorded. The study highlights thedominance of Ageratum conyzoides, Prosopis juliflora, and Grass pollen, Alternaria,and Nigrospora fungal spores in the atmosphere of Deccan Park of Tolichowki area ofHyderabad, Telangana State.

138

IV-04 EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS ON POLLENGERMINATION AND POLLEN TUBE GROWTH OFKIGELIA AFRICANA (LAM.) BENTH.

Prakash R. PatelDr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Govt. College, Silvassa, U.T of Dadra and Nagar Haveli,[email protected]

Keywords: heavy metals, pollen germination, pollen tube length, pollution, Kigelia Africana.

The effect of heavy metals on pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Kigelia africanawas examined in vitro. Increase in the concentration of all the heavy metals tested adverselyaffected the pollen germination and tube growth. Most toxic effect on pollen germinationwas seen with Fe followed by Hg, Pb, Cu, Co, Zn, Cd and Al, while Cd was effective inregulating pollen tube length followed by Hg, Cu, Zn, Al, Pb, Co and Fe. All the heavymetals used inhibited pollen germination and pollen tube length of Kigelia africana, bothat their lower and higher concentrations.



139

IV-05 ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CULMSOF TWO SPECIES OF REED BAMBOOS; OCHLANDRAWIGHTII (MUNRO) C.E.C. FISCH AND OCHLANDRATRAVANCORICA (BEDD.)BENTH.EX GAMBLE.

S.A Nisha. & R. SanthoshkumarPost Graduate Department & Research Centre of Botany, Mahatma GandhiCollege, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, [email protected]

Keywords: Anatomy, Ochlandra, Vascular bundles.

The culms of Ochlandra wightii and Ochlandra travancorica of three different agegroups was investigated for the anatomical characteristics. The analysis was undertakenfor different age groups, height levels and zones. The vascular bundles were denser andthickly packed towards the outer zone in all age groups. The size of the vascular bundleswas smaller towards the outer zone. There were no significant variations in vascularbundle frequency and the size in all the three age groups. Due to the maturation process,the wall thickness increased significantly from one year to above three years.

140

IV-06 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE TOWARDS FLORALPRODUCTION – A REVIEW

Soumya Ranjan Nayak, Risheek Rahul KhannaDepartment of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi-110062, [email protected]

Keywords: Global warming, Climate change, Vernalization, Florigen gene

Anthropological activities are the primary factor contributes towards increased level of greenhouse gases in atmosphere results in global warming which adversely affects plants reproductivecycle and distressing our agriculture. Atmospheric CO2 concentration increase from 280ppmin 1750s to 405ppm in 2017 with 0.740C average escalation in global temperature in last100 years. Changing climate affects the phenology of plants and its interaction with differentbiological component. Flowering is complex gene regulatory mechanism influenced byenvironmental. In temperate region vernalization plays an important role in flowering. Theflowering in cereals depend completely on vernalization for flower production. This reviewhighlights the mechanism of flowering and its importance in changing environment.



141

IV-07 FOUR KENYAN TURRAEA SPECIES (MELIACEAE) WITHANTI-INSECT EFFECTS ON TUTA ABSOLUTA (MEYRICK).

Sumesh C. Chhabra,Chemistry Department, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100 Nairobi, [email protected]

Keywords: Tuta absoluta, Antifeedant, Turraea abyssinica, T. floribunda, T.Nilotica, T. wakefielfii, Meliaceae

Tuta absoluta Meyrick is one of the most important insect pests of Solanaceae. Chemicalinsecticides for its control develop resistance and have negative ecological effects. This ledto search for more eco-friendly phytochemicals having subtle anti-pest properties. GenusTurraea is known to possess anti-insects activities. In the present study, four Kenyanplants, Turraea abyssinica, T. floribunda, T. nilotica and T. wakefielfii (Meliaceae)have been studied on T. absoluta larvae. The methanolic extract of T. abyssinica leaveswas most active with LD50 = 270.7 ppm. Bioassay-guided studies of the active extractsled to isolation and characterization of four major compounds. Among these, havanensinwas the most larvicidal constituent and toonacilide the most antifeedant on 2nd instar larvaeof T. absoluta.


143

SUB-SECTION V

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry


145

V-01 GC MS ANALYSIS OF THE WHOLE PLANTETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE RIVINA HUMILIS L.

A. Kavitha1,. and V. Mary Kensa2,1 P.G. Department of Botany and Research Centre, S.T. Hindu College, Nagercoil -629 002. M. S.University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli 627012, TamilNadu;2Assistant professor, P.G. Department of Botany and Research Centre, S.T.Hindu College, Nagercoil -629002.

[email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: Confirms, Gas chromatography, phytoconstituents, Rivina humilis and Taiwan

The investigation was carried out to determine the chemical components of R humilisleaves using Perkin-Elmer Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry, while the massspectra of the compounds found in the extract were matched with the National Institute ofStandards and Technology (NIST) library. In this study R. humilis confirms the presenceof 30 phytoconstituents, the most prevailing compounds are 3-(prop-2- enolyloxy)dodecane, benzene,1,4-dicholoro, indene,1- methylene, 3 tetradecene, caffeine, n-hexadecanoic acid, 2-nonadecanone 2,4, octadecanoic acid, oleic acid, eicosyl ester etc.of medicinal value. The results of this study offer a platform of using Rivina humilis leavesas herbal alternative for various diseases.

146

V-02 BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE LANDRACES FROM KOLHAPUR DISTRICT OF MAHARASHTRA

A.G. Jadhav1, S. P. Desai1, V. J. Dhole2 , S. R. Biradar3, and N. B. Gaikwad1*1Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 4160042Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division,Bhaba Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085Department of Botany,B. S. S. A. S. C. College Makni, Tq. Lohara 413604, [email protected]

Keywords: Rice land races, macro and micro elements, protein, Beta carotene.

Ten aromatic and 44 non aromatic rice landraces from Kolhapur district were collected toknow the diversity. These landraces were further investigated for biochemical analysissuch as macro and micro elements, protein, nitrate, beta carotene, moisture and total ashcontent. The Raktisal, Champakali, Kothmirsal, Jondhala Jirga, Kali kumud and KalaJirga aromatic accession and Walai-1, Kolyachi Sheput, Akilsal, Churmure Dodga, Dandali,Sawashin, Bhadas, Tulshibhat, Churmure Havla, Wandhara Bhat, Sorti and Mothiratna,the non aromatic accessions reported highest amount of macro and micro elements, protein,beta carotene, ash and moisture content. This study explains about the diversity of ricelandraces from Kolhapur district and its nutritional importance and immediate effort needsto be initiated to conserve these rice landraces.



147

V-03 EFFECT OF COPPER STRESS ON GROWTH ANDPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON THREEVARIETIES OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L.

Andleeb Zehra and Tariq AftabAdvanced Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, A.M.U., [email protected]

Keywords: Artemisia annua L., Copper stress, Cim-Arogya.

Heavy metal accumulation in soils is of great concern in agricultural production due to theadverse effects on food and crop growth. The effect of copper stress on growth andphysiological characteristics of three varieties of Artemisia annua L. (Chinese variety,Cim-Sanjeevani and Cim-Arogya) was studied.It was applied to soil in the form ofCuSO4.5H2O in five different concentrations (5, 10, 20, 40, 60 mgkg-1). Copper positivelyaffected the height, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root height at 10 mgkg-1 concentration.Copper toxicity inhibited the activity of growth and physiological parametersin Cim-Arogyacomparatively to other two varieties. Therefore, it is concluded that the Cim-Arogya of A.annua is most tolerant to copper stress.

148

V-04 STUDIES ON THE GROWTH POTENTIAL ANDANTIOXIDANT RESPONSES OF BLACK GRAM [VIGNAMUNGO (L.) HEPPER] UNDER HEXAVALENT CHROMIUMSTRESS

Ayushee Rath, Anath Bandhu DasP G Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar , Bhubaneswar , [email protected]

Keywords: Anti-oxidative enzymes, Black gram, Chlorophyll, Chromium, Hydroponicculture, Morphological

The effect of different micromolar concentrations of hexavalent chromium was tested onseed germination, physio-morphological parameters such as shoot length, root length, dryweight, fresh weight, chlorophyll, protein, carbohydrates and anti-oxidative enzymes viz.guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well asnon-enzymatic antioxidants such as carotenoids, proline and phenols of hydroponicallygrown black gram (Vigna mungo(L.)Hepper) were analyzed. The increase in the levels ofenzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants with increasing hexavalent chromiumconcentrations suggest a scavenging mechanism of oxidative stress of chromium for survivalof this important leguminous pulse.



149

V-05 EFFECT OF WATER OF DIFFERENT QUALITY ONTRITICUM AESTIVUM L.

B. A Karle., A. B. KadamP.G. Department of Botany, New Arts Commerce and Science College,[email protected]

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L, Tap water, RO, ROR, Sewage.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is important cereal grain from family Poaceae used all overworld as food. Wheat is mostly extensively grown cereal crop in the world covering about237 million hectares annually influenced by water quality in some extent. Water is essentialfor life and key natural resources for human survival as well as plant growth. Water qualityinfluences the crop yield, quality, nutritional value, pigments. In present study wheat planttreated with tap water, RO water, ROR water and sewage water. Root length, shootlength, dry weight, fresh weight noted after 17 days and 45 days from germination, highestin tap water and lowest in ROR but chlorophyll and protein content higher in ROR water.

V-06 EFFECT OF DROUGHT ON THE GERMINATION OFRED KIDNEY BEAN USING PEG (POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL)

B S Manoj * and Moni GuptaSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, [email protected]

Keywords: Catalase, Peroxide, Polyethylene Glycol, Rajma, Superoxide dismutase

Red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivation is gaining popularity among growersin the Northern Plains and North Western Himalayas of India. It is popularly knownas “Rajma”,it as superior health benefits and better value-added exportopportunities.Seed priming makes uniform seed germination and growth under broad

150

range of environments. Under abiotic stresses, phenolics played a critical role inmetabolic and structural adjustments along with antioxidants activity. This studyevaluates the effects of drought stress induced by PEG(Polyethylene Glycol) onmetabolic regulation and health-relevant bioactive markers in germinated seeds.

V-07 PLANT-ROOT INTERACTIONS AS MYCORRHIZALSYMBIOSIS WITH EMPHASIS ON MINERAL UPTAKE ANDREGULATORY MECHANISMS UNDERLYING TRANSPORTPROCSSESS

Baljinder KaurDepartment of Botany, Siri Guru Har Rai Sahib College for Women, Chabbewal,Hoshiarpur, [email protected]

Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, Nutrient uptake, Phosphate uptake

Plant growth and development largely depends upon concentration of mineral nutritionavailable in the soil. About 80% of all known land plant species show mycorrhizalinteractions. Plants induce high efficiency transport systems and establish symbiosis thatfacilitate mineral uptake. Mycorrhizal fungus retrieves nutrients (Phosphorus, Nitrogen)and passes to plant roots. The most common endomycorrhizal interactions occur betweenarbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The recent detailed functioning of mycorrhizal processesgave potential benefits of improved understanding of mycorrhizal interactions.



151

V-08 NIGHT SLEEP IN MALACHRA CAPITATA L.(MALVACEAE) AND ITS IMPACT ON PLANTREPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL-A FIRST REPORT FROMINDIA.

Biswarupa Ghosh1 and Debabrata Saha2

1Department of Botany, Brahmananda Keshab Chandra College, Kolkata-700108;2Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Science and Technology,[email protected]

Keywords: circadian cycle, Malachra capitata, nyctinasty, reproductive potential

Nyctinasty or night sleep in Malachra capitata L. (Malvaceae)was recorded for the firsttime. To understand the role of nyctinasty two natural M. capitata populations wereexamined. The Group-1 plants experienced natural circadian cycle and exhibited robustleaf night sleep movement. The scatter-plot for number of flowers produced by the plantand its total biomass exhibited a strong correlation with R value of 0.75 in Group-I. TheGroup-II plants that experienced 24 hours of illumination, had a poor correlation betweenflower production and biomass accumulation (R=0.27). Hence, nyctinasty may facilitatebiomass accumulation in plants for improving their reproductive potential.

152

V-09 PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF DOLICHOSLABLAB (LABLAB PURPUREUS)

D. Sai kumari* and Neeti SaxenaMycology and plant pathology lab, University college for Women, Koti, Osmaniauniversity, [email protected]

Keywords: Phytochemical, Dolichos lallab, flavanoid, phenol, solvents.

Phytochemicals are the plant derivatives which are used in mainly in herbal drugs. Theycure many endemic, epidemic diseases. In the world only 6% of plants were identified asfor mankind. There is a huge need of medicinal plants to be discovered for the day todaychallenge of world population. In the present study phyto-chemical analysis of Dolichoslablab showed and contains sugar, alcohols, phenols, steroids,essential oils, alkaloids,tannins, flavanoids, saponins, coumarins, terpenoids and other pigments. In the analysisused high polarity to low polarity solvents were used. This study showed that thisphytochemical contents have significant pharmocological activity.

V-10 EVALUATION ON THE QUANTIFICATION OF PCBSRESIDUES IN VEGETABLES OF BIHAR

Dhiraj KumarG.M.S.S +2 High School, [email protected]

Keywords: Quantification, PCBS, Vegetable.

Present preliminary hydrophonic study examines the impact of hexavalent chromium[Cr+6] on physiological, biochemical and antioxidant activity of Macrotylomauniflorum under different concentrations (25μM, 50μM, 100μM, 150μM) providedas K2Cr2O7. High dose of Cr+6 showed deleterious effect on the root and shoot length,



153

fresh and dry weight germination %, chlorophyll, protein, total sugar, reducing sugarand free amino acid content. Antioxidative stress indicator like proline, Catalaseand superoxide dismutase increased in the current experiment. The work may behelpful to provide an insights of susceptibility /resistance of crop growth under [Cr+6 ] heavy metal stresses.

V-11 RESPONSE OF CAPSICUM ANNUUM L. SAPLINGSTOWARD THE HUMIC ACID: BIOMASS MEASUREMENTAND ANATOMICAL CHANGES

Jay Pandya1*, Hima Vadera2, Shailesh Mehta1

1 Botany Department, Sir P. P. Institute of Science, M. K. Bhavnagar, University-364001, Gujarat.; 2Department of Life Sciences, M. K. Bhavnagar [email protected]

Keyword: Hydroponics, Half Hoagland media, humic acid, Capsicum

Capsicum annuum L. is easy to grow in short period and economically important plant.Present experiment is established to develop healthy saplings. They grow to observe thegrowth pattern of saplings in soil and liquid media. Therefore, saplings are immersed indifferent hydroponic media for mineral uptake. Four different culture set-ups with 10replicates of saplings are created, such as; Tap water (Control), Hoagland Solution, Half- Hoagland Solution and Humic acid Solution. According to the composition of media,different effects on growth and anatomical changes found on saplings growth. Changes arecompared with soil grown saplings.

154

V-12 CHARACTERIZATION OF STRESS RESPONSIVEGENES WITH DOMAINS OF UNKNOWN FUNCTIONS (DUFS)IDENTIFIED IN INDIAN MULBERRY

KH Dhanyalakshmi, RS Sajeevan, HV Chaithra, B Pooja, M Savitha and KNNataraja *Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK,Bangalore-560 [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: adaptive processes, domains of unknown functions (DUFs), abiotic stresses

In plants, all stress adaptive processes are governed by the induction and expression ofseveral stress responsive genes. But the exact role of many of these genes is not yetunderstood as their functional domain lack sequence similarity to existing known proteins,called as domains of unknown functions (DUFs). The present study analysed the expressionpattern of some of these unattended genes of unknown functions with DUFs, in responseto abiotic stresses, in mulberry. The stress responsive nature of many of these genes suggestthat their further functional validation in model systems would uncover their role in stressadaptation.



155

V-13 DROUGHT-INDUCED PROLINE METABOLISM INTWO GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.) CULTIVARSWITH CONTRASTING DROUGHT TOLERANCE

K.V.Madhusudhan*1 and Chinta Sudhakar2

1Department of Botany, Government College for Men, Kurnool, AP,2Department of Botany, S.K.University, Anantapur, AP, [email protected]

Keywords: Proline metabolism, Glycine betaine, MDA, water stress, drought tolerance

Drought tolerant (cv. K-134) and susceptible (cv. JL-24) cultivars of groundnut (Arachishypogaea L.) were evaluated for free proline accumulation, activities of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P-5-CR), proline oxidase and proline dehydrogenase (PDH) alongwith malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycine betaine levels in relation to different regimes ofwater stress. Significant accumulation of free proline content in leaves of both cultivarswith concomitant increase in pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity and decrease inproline oxidase and proline dehydrogenase was found indicatingaltered varied prolinemetabolism between the cultivars. The magnitude of physiological responses was dependenton stress severity and varied between the cultivars. The relative tolerance of these twocultivars is discussed.

156

V-14 ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND PHYTOCHEMICALPROFILING OF FRUIT EXTRACT OF AVERRHOACARAMBOLA(L.): A NOVEL ALTERNATIVE

Kanchan Joshi*a, Sudhir Kumar andb Almasc

aDepartment of Botany, Surajmal Agarwal Private Kanya Mahavidyalaya,Kichha;b,cDepartment of Food Technology, SurajmalAgarwal Private KanyaMahavidyalaya,[email protected]

Keywords: oxidative stress, phytochemicals, antioxidant, carcinogen, Averrhoa carambola

To sustain the nutrient reserve of escalating population has led to the exploration of naturalnovel alternatives of plant origin possessing nutraceutical value. Averrhoa carambola L.(Oxalidaceae) is one such creation of nature with the presence of different phytochemicalsand antioxidant potential in ripe fruit The antioxidant potential was tested at varyingconcentration (0.1-0.5 μg/ ml) and found to be dose dependent. Maximum (75.42 %) andminimum (61.35%) inhibition was found at 0.5 μg/ ml and 0.1 μg/ ml respectively with IC50value of 2.46 μg/ ml whereas phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of diversegroup of pharmacologically relevant compounds.

V-15 ROLE OF BRASSICA COMPESTRIS (VAR SARASON) INMODIFYING ARSENIC INDUCED TOXICITY

M. K. Sharma1 and Aparna Pareek2

1Department of Zoology, SPC Government College, jmer;2Department of Botany,University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004(India)[email protected]

Keywords: Arsenic; Brassica compestris; Swiss albino mice; Antioxidant enzymes

Impaired antioxidative potential or defense mechanisms and oxidative stress are implicatedin the pathogenesis of arsenic toxicity. In the present study an attempt was made to examinethe role of Brassica compestris seed extract (800 mg/kg body weight in double distilledwater as orally) against the Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 4mg/kg body weight in 0.9% NaCl



157

as i.p. ) induced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice. Arsenic treated animals showedhighly significant depletion in various antioxidant/detoxification enzymes activity. Thus, ourpresent study strongly suggest that elevation of the intracellular antioxidant defenses byBrassica seed extract may have preventive or therapeutic effects against arsenic inducedoxidative stress.

V-16 OVEREXPRESSION OF ATPAL1 GENE IN DECALEPSISSP. AN ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANT

Manjula Ranganatha, Ashwani Sharma, Nagashree N Rao*Department of Biotechnology, Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College of Engineering,Bengaluru: 560 [email protected]

Keywords: overexpression, Decalepis, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehyde,Agrobacterium

The omnipresence of an astounding molecule, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehyde (2HMB)in roots of Decalepis sp. has led to its unregulated harvesting and inclusion in IUPAC Redlisted plants. Since 2HMB is the hypothesised product of phenylpropanoid pathway andfirst key enzyme being phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), the overexpression of ATPAL1gene was carried out in Decalepis through Agrobacterium mediated transformation. Theleaf and nodal segments of Decalepis were used as explants. The putative transformantswere screened for the presence of PAL gene by PCR amplification with specific primers.Further the PAL enzyme activity was analysed in both transformed and untransformedshoot lets.

158

V-17 OVEREXPRESSION OF CYP76AD1 GENE IN BASELLASP. A LEAFY VEGETABLE

Manjula Ranganatha, Nagashree N Rao and Ashwani Sharma*Department of BiotechnologyRashtreeya Vidyalaya College of Engineering, Bengaluru: 560 [email protected]

Keywords: overexpression, Agrobacterium, Basella, CYP76AD1

Basella sp. is used as edible leafy vegetable and a rich source of nutraceutically importantbioactive compounds. Overexpression of CYP76AD1 gene in nodal segments of Basellawas carried out through Agrobacterium mediated transformation. The nodal segmentswere suspended in Agrobacterium culture for different intervals of time. After co-cultivationfor two days the explants were transferred to antibiotic selection media. The putativetransformed shoot lets survived on selection media were further evaluated for presence ofthe gene by PCR amplification. This work can be further harnessed to evaluate the biosynticgenes involved in betalains biosynthetic pathway.

V-18 LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF TAGETES ERECTA L. LEAFEXTRACT AGAINST MUSCA DOMESTICA L.

Manjula Rathod * and Pratima Mathad1

* Ph. D. Scholar, Dept. of P. G Studies and Research in Botany, GulbargaUniversity, Kalaburagi- 585106, Karnataka, 1 Dept. of P. G Studies and Researchin Botany, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi- 585106, [email protected] , [email protected]

Keywords: Tagetes erecta, M. domestica, house fly, biopotential, larvae.

Tagetes erecta L. (Asteraceae) known as genda phool in India, leaves used to treatepileptic fits [Ayurveda). The present work is an attempt against larvae of Musca domesticawhich act as vector for spreading many diseases in humans and livestock’s. The 3rd instar



159

larvae of M. domestica treated with different concentrations of ethanolic Tagetes erectaleaf extract. The results revealed that the efficacy of ethanolic leaf extract increases asconcentration increases 0.5mg, 1mg, 2mg and 5mg/ml respectively. From the study it canbe evident that the ethanolic leaf extract of Tagetes erecta serves as biopotential sourceagainst house fly larvae.

V-19 LIGHT ADAPTIVE MECHANISMS IN HIGH ALTITUDEPLANTS OF TRANS HIMALAYAN REGION- LADAKH

Manu Khajuria and Dhiraj VyasPlant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Biodiversity and Applied Botany DivisionIndian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, J&K, [email protected]

Keywords: Photosynthetic Pigments, Glucosinolates, Non Photochemical Quenching, VDE

In order to study various adaptive mechanisms in the high altitude plants against high lightintensities five plant species viz. Christollea himalayensis, Lepidium latifolium, Nepetalongibracteata, Rheum and Tanacetum were selected. Total Carotenoid content variedfrom 1.4 to 2.7mg 100g–1 FW). Maximum expression of Carotenoid biosynthetic geneswas seen in case of Lepidium. Maximum transcript level of PSY- first gene of carotenoidbiosynthetic pathway was seen in case of Lepidium about 2.31, 3.52, 66 and 27.1 foldsthan Nepeta, Tanacetum,Christollea and Rheum respectively.Transcript level of VDE gene,controls the concentration of zeaxanthin in chloroplasts was found to be 3.1 and 5431folds higher in Lepidium than Christollea and Nepetalongibracteata respectively.

160

V-20 OBSERVATION OF EFFICIENCY OF FLY ASH ON THEGROWTH, PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS, PROTEIN ANDLEGHAEMOGLOBIN CONTENT OF CHICKPEA (CICERARIETINUM L.)

Mohammad Haris* and Abrar Ahmad KhanSection of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology Lab, Department ofBotany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, U.P., [email protected]

Keywords: Chickpea, fly ash, growth, photosynthetic pigments

Thermal power plants are generally coal based, produces a huge amount of fly ash thatcontains essential nutrients and helpful in agriculture. The present study was carried out ingreen house to observe the efficiency of fly ash application with different concentration(0% - 30% w/w) in agricultural soil improve the growth, photosynthetic pigments, proteinand leghaemoglobin content of chickpea. Results showed that at low levels of fly ashincreased all above parameters and maximum being at 20% compared to control. So, theresearch study suggests that fly ash can be used at 20% for the best growth.



161

V-21 STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OFANTIMICROBIAL BIO-MINERALS ISOLATED FROMIPOMOEA AQUATICA FORSSK

Nabanita Chakraborty1*, Archan Kanti Das1, Basanta Kumar Das1, BasudevMandal2, Ranjan Kumar Manna1, Satakshi Basu3, Arunava Goswami3

1ICAR – Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI),Barrackpore, Kolkata– 700120;2Department of Aquaculture Management & Technology(AMT)Vidyasagar University, Midnapore – 721102;3Agricultural and EcologicalResearch Unit (AERU)Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), Kolkata- [email protected]

Keywords: Ipomoea aquatica; Raphides, NMR, FT-IR, AFM, Citrobacter

Raphides or calcium oxalate crystals constitute an important bio-mineral, producedabundantly by aquatic macrophytes imperative to their biological interaction. NuclearMagnetic Resonance and Infra-red Spectroscopy confirmed the presence of raphides inthe dried leaves of Ipomoea aquatica. Atomic force microscopy showed raphides ashydrous inorganic salt displaying average peaks between 4-5 nm with homogeneity ofdispersion. Direct bio-autography followed by agar well diffusion and broth dilution assayrevealed the in-vitro antibacterial property of the crystals against fish pathogen Citrobacterfreundii with MIC at 50μg/ml as compared to OTC at 16μg/ml and MBC at 4000 μg/ml.Raphides exhibited strong free radical scavenging activity with AAI 1.38 and IC50 0.144mg/ml.

162

V-22 ENHANCEMENT OF ZN AND FE DENSITY IN BARLEYGRAIN THROUGH FERTILIZATION STRATEGIES

Namita Yadav and Yogesh Kumar SharmaPlant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: iron; zinc; tissue; barley; foliar application

The present study was designed with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) var. K551 to elucidatethe effect of single and combined foliar application of 0.5% aqua solution of ZnSO4.7H2Oand FeSO4.7H2O on the growth, yield and tissue Zn and Fe concentration in grain atdifferent days (35d, 45d, 35+45d, 45+55d, 55d and 65d) of plant growth. The resultsshowed that plant growth, yield and Zn & Fe accumulation in grain were found to beincreased significantly with combined foliar application Zn+Fe at 35+45d, single Zn foliarapplication at 45+55d, and single Fe foliar application also at 35+45d when applied twiceas compared to control.

V-23 ENHANCEMENT OF ARACHIS HYPOGAEA: SEEDPRIMING AND FOLIAR SPRAY OF COELOMIC FLUID FROMEUDRILUS EUGENIAE

Nadana Raja Vadivu GanapathyDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, KalasalingamAcademy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamilnadu, [email protected]

Keywords: Coelomic fluid, Eudrilus eugeniae, Arachis hypogaea and plant growth

The vermiwash or coelomic fluid unequivocally improved the growth of many plants. Thepresent study is focused on the effect of seed priming on Arachis hypogaea using differentconcentrations of coelomic fluid collected under cold stress. After 60 days with regular



163

interval of foliar spray, the growth parameters were evaluated. AgRes statistical packagewas used for evaluating the parameters like root, shoot and seedling length, germinationpercentage and vigor index. On comparing different concentrations such as diluted (1:10and 1:1) and undiluted, the diluted 1:10 showed higher significant difference. The studyproved that diluted concentrations enhanced the growth parameters and also an alternativefor chemical fertilizers.

V-24 ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORY,ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOL, TOTALFLAVONOIDS AND LC-MS PROFILING OF ECLIPTA ALBA L.

Navi Ranjan and Manorma KumariDepartment of Botany, A. N. College, Patna, [email protected]

Keywords: Antioxidants, Acetylcholinesterase, DPPH. Eclipta alba L., Total phenol,Total Flavonoid.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and antioxidant activity are considered to be highlycorrelated with Alzheimer’s disease treatment. AChE inhibitory activity was measuredwith modified Ellman method at 405 nm and antioxidant activity measured based on 1, 1DPPH free radical scavenging test at 517 nm. % inhibition for AChE ranged from18.52±0.29 to 46.25±0.20 whereas DPPH activity from 10.36±0.22 to 24.86±0.48.Total phenols was found to be 14.89±0.21 mgGAE/g. For total Flavonoids absorbancevalue ranged from 0.092 to 0.197 (510nm). The TIC and EIC LC-MS shows differentmol. wt compounds in methanolic extract.

164

V-25 ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITROCYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF 5-HMF FROM GREWIAASIATICA FRUIT

Navneet Kour, Vikas Sharma, Shashank K Singh# and Prasoon Gupta*Division of Biochemistry,Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University ofAgricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus Chatha, Jammu-180 009, J&K, India#Cancer Pharmacology Division, & *Natural ProductChemistry DivisionIndian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road Jammu-180001, J&K, [email protected]

Keywords: Grewia asiatica, in vitro cytotoxicity, HRMS

The aim of the study is to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic potential of methanolic extractof Grewia asiatica fruit and isolation of active compound. The methanolic extract wasfractionated with hexane, chloroform and butanol solvents and evaluated against eightdifferent human cancer cell lines via SRB assay. The results revealed that chloroformfraction of G. asiatica exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity against colon cancer cell line (SW-620) inhibiting growth up to 70% hexane inhibited the cell proliferation of SW-620 cell lineby 76%. A compound 5-hydroxy methyl furfural was isolated from chloroform fractionthrough column chromatography and characterized via NMR and mass spectroscopy(HRMS) and tested against SW-620 cell line .



165

V-26 PHYTOEXTRACTION OF LEAD (PB) USINGBIODEGRADABLE CHELANT (EDDS) INSOLANUM NIGRUM

Padma Sharma and Harminder P. SinghDepartment of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, [email protected]

Keywords: EDDS, Phytoextraction, Pb uptake, biodegradable

Solanum nigrum has a potential to accumulate metals efficiently. We investigated theeffect of EDDS (4 mM) on the Pb uptake by S. nigrum in a pot experiment conductedunder screen house conditions. Growth, photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic efficiency,Pb uptake and accumulation were measured after six weeks. The results indicated thatplants grown in soil with different Pb concentrations and EDDS depicted better accumulationand tolerance compared to the control and plants treated only with Pb alone. Addition ofchelant enhanced root- shoot length, total chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency.The results strongly suggest that greater phytoextraction can be accomplished by theapplication of environment friendly and biodegradable chelant EDDS.

V-27 GC- MS ANALYSIS OF STELLARIA MEDIA L.( VILL.)CHICKWEED CHLROFORM EXTRACT

Pooja Chak, Meenu Devi and Jaya DwivediBanasthali Vidyapith, [email protected]

Keywords: GC-MS, Maceration, Pharmacological.activity; oxygen evolution

Phytochemical composition of n-butanol fraction of stellaria media (Chickweed) wascarried out using Gas chromatography Mass Spectrometric analysis. The air dried plantmaterial was extracted in 90% methanol using in cold maceration and concentrated in arotary evaporator and selective partitioning done using solvents of increasing polarity

166

namely, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain four different fractionwhich were subjected to GC-MS.Each of the fractions was further subjected to gaschromatography–mass spectrometry. Results of the study revealed the presence of diverserange of bioactive moieties. Thus, identification of different biologically active compoundsin the extracts of plant material warrants further biological and pharmacological studies.

V-28 IMPACT OF DIMETHOATE 30% EC ON SEEDGERMINATION, SEEDLING GROWTH, SEEDLING BIO-MASS OF LATHYRUS ODORATUS L AND THEIRSYNERGISTIC EFFECT WITH CYTOKININS.

Pooja Sharma and Vishnu Shankar SinhaPG Department of Botany, Tata College, Chaibasa, West Singhbhum , [email protected]

Keywords: Dimethoate 30% EC, cytokinins, germination, seedling, Lathyrusodoratus L

The effect of Dimethoate 30% EC (C5H12NO3 PS2) pesticides and their synergisticeffect with cytokinins was observed on seed germination, seedling growth and seedlingbiomass performance of Lathyrus odoratus L (Fabaceae).Ten plants from eachtreatment and control were randomly selected to evaluate the seedling growth, and seedlingbiomass performance. The coefficient of variation (CV) test confirmed that Dimethoate30% EC was more effective than a mixture of Dimethoate and cytokinins. The % of seedgermination, seedling growth and biomass were optimum at 0.02 % concentrations in boththe treatments but Dimethoate 30% EC was more effective than a mixture of Dimethoateand cytokinins solution at 0.10 % concentration.



167

V-29 MODULATION IN THE ANTIOXIDATIVEMETABOLISM UNDER WATER STRESS IN MANGANESEDEFICIENT TOMATO PLANTS

Priyanka Singh* and Nalini PandeyPlant Nutrition and Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany,University of Lucknow, Lucknow, U.P. India;[email protected] , [email protected]

Keywords: superoxidative dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), water stress, tomato.

The effect of water stress on physiological and biochemical component of tomato(Lycopersicon lycopersicum L.) was investigated under pot culture experiment. Mn wassupplied at two levels, manganese deficient (0.5 ìM) and manganese sufficient (10.0 ìM)in the form of MnSO4.H2O. The stress condition was created by withholding water supplyto analyse its influence on RWC and antioxidant enzymes activity. RWC in the leaves oftomato plants subjected to water stress declined progressively. On the other hand, activitiesof antioxidant enzymes, SOD and POX was upregulated at MnS-W level. A decrease inPOX activity was further observed at MnD-W level.

V-30 EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THEROOTS OF MILLETTIA PINNATA

Ramya Kuber Banoth*, Ashwini ThatikondaInstitute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam(Women’s University), [email protected]

Keywords: Millettia pinnata, Invitro antioxidant methods, free radical.

The antioxidant activity of ethanolic, ethyl acetate, water and n-hexane extracts of Millettiapinnata roots were carried out using different methods like DPPH free radical scavengingassay, Lipid peroxidation, Nitric oxide radical scavenging and Superoxide radical scavenging

168

activities and the antioxidant activities of all the fractions was confirmed by comparing IC50

values. Based on IC50 values, ethanolic root extract was more potent and effective amongall the fractions of roots of Millettia pinnata due to presence of active constituents, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Present work is the basic approach for antiparkinsonian activityof natural plants.

V-31 HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATO-GRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF STIGMASTEROL IN IN VIVO ANDIN VITRO PARTS OF MERREMIA SPS.

Ridhi Joshi and VidyaPatni*Plant Pathology, tissue culture and biotechnology laboratory,Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, [email protected]*

Keywords: HPTLC, Stigmaserols, in vitro.

Plant sterols (or phytosterols) are a naturally occurring part of all plant for example in nuts,legumes, grains, cereals, wood pulp and leaves. Stigmasterol is useful in prevention ofcertain cancers, including ovarian, prostate, breast, and colon cancers. It alsopossessespotent antioxidant, hypoglycemic and thyroid inhibiting properties. Qualitativeand quantitative standardization of stigmasterol through HPTLC has been performed.HPTLC determination of stigmasterol has also done. Seed, Stem and callus parts ofMerremia aegyptia showed significant amount of stigmasterol (Rf-0.92) which wasrecorded to be 59ng/μl, 9.8 ng/ μl and 9.0 ng/ μl respectively. The amount of compound incalli was lowest as compared to that found in in vivo plant parts.



169

V-32 IN VITRO SELECTION OF SALT STRESSTOLERANCE IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) VARIETYJARAVA

S.K. ReddyCytogenetic, Tissue culture and Molecular biology Lab., Department of Botany,Osmania University, Hyderabad-7, [email protected]

Keywords: Salt Tolerence, Tissue Culture, Jarava

In this experiment, the method of tissue culture was used to develop a tolerant varietyJarava to a higher level of tolerance by exposing the callus produced from the matureembryo to different levels of salinity (0.0, 50, 100, 150 and 200) mM and then selectingthe best tolerant cells and producing plants from them. The plants tested on differentconcentrations of salinity, in normal conditions (pots) and evaluated by some indicators ofproline, carbohydrate, K, Na and Cl. The results showed that the best salt-tolerant calluswas at 150 mM concentration, according to salinity tolerance indices, although 200 mMwere better than 150 mM concentration in the indicators, but the callus at 200 mMconcentration did not survived. Plants were also tolerated for salinity at 150 mMconcentrations for two weeks at all indicators, but plants died at a concentration of 200mM under the same conditions.

170

V-33 EXTRACTION OF NATURAL DRUG DIOSGENIN FROMHERBAL PLANT TRIBULUS TERRISTRIS

S. Monica Nissy*, Pingali Manasa*, DV.Surya Prakash#, Dr.MeenaVangalapati** Dept of Chemical Engineering,AUCE (A), Andhra University, A.P, India;# Deptof Biotechnology,Meerut Institute of Engg., Meerut, [email protected]

Keywords : Diosgenin, Tribulus terristris, saponin , medicinal activity.

Diosgenin is a steroidal saponin present in various medicinal plants. Tribulus terristris is anatural herb with a major content of diosgenin saponin which results in positive treatmentof various disorders. In the present work, saponin is extracted from the T.terristris Theestimation of Diosgenin extracted is compared to the standard (0.75) and Rf values of thesamples are 0.74,0.61. The diosgenin sample extracted from Tribulus is rich of medicinaleffects, so as natural drug can be used in our daily lives with minute side effects.

V-34 ANTIOXIDATIVE RESPONSES OF MUSTARD GROWNIN ZINC- CONTAMINATED SOIL WITH THE APPLICATIONOF CHELANTS

S. N. Pandey* and Isha VermaDepartment of Botany,University of Lucknow, Lucknow- [email protected]

Keywords: antioxidative enzymes, catalase, peroxidase, chelants, mustard.

The mustard plants grown in excess zinc amended soil were supplied with EDTA andCitric acid (CA), singly or in combination. Plants were examined for antioxidative responsesof catalase, peroxidase activity and proline content. Proline content was found decreasingin CA+ EDTA and EDTA. Proline content showed maximum reduction at CA+ EDTA in



171

zinc- contaminated soil. The antioxidative enzymes catalase and peroxidase showedmaximum activity in CA + EDTA application in soil. Both the use of chelants CA andEDTA increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. These, results may be helpful onremedial measures to minimize toxic effects of heavy metals/Zn contamination in soil onplants.

V-35 MUTAGENIC EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OFRADIATION AND MUTAGEN INDUCED CHLOROPHYLLMUTANTS IN AJARA GHANSAL RICE CULTIVAR FROMKOLHAPUR (MH)

S. P. Desai1, A.G Jadhav1, V. J. Dhole2 and N. B. Gaikwad1*1Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004;2 NuclearAgriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhaba Atomic Research Centre, Trombay,Mumbai 400085 [email protected]

Keywords: Ajara Ghansal, mutagenic efficiency, mutagenic effectiveness, mutation rate.

The seeds of Ajara Ghansal, a non basmati aromatic rice cultivar, endemic to Ajara tehsilof Kolhapur district were treated with three doses of Gamma rays and three concentrationsof chemical mutagens. The frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations, mutageniceffectiveness and efficiency, total mutation rates were estimated at different levels to studythe nature and effect of mutagens in M2 generation. The maximum mutagenic effectivenessand mutation rate was found in SA and minimum in Gamma rays while EMS has highestmutation rate on mutagenic efficiency. SA is a most effective and EMS is highly efficientmutagen for induction of desired changes.

172

V-36 PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING BY FTIRSPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF LEAF AND STEM OFCLEMATIS TERNIFLORA DC

S. Rajeswari and V.R SumithaPost Graduate Department and Research Centre of Botany, M.G College,Trivandrum, [email protected]

Keywords: Clematisterniflora, FTIR, Spectroscopy, Functional groups

The present study is aimed to analyse the leaf and stem powder of Clematis terniflorathrough FTIR spectroscopy method. The studies revealed different characteristic peakvalues with various functional compounds in the leaf and stem. The FTIR analysis of C.terniflora confirmed the presence of amide, phenols, alkanes, carboxylic acids and nitrocompounds, which showed major peaks.

V-37 EFFECT OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MUTAGENS ONTHE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF TRACHYSPERMUMAMMI (L.)

Saima Malik* and Samiullah KhanMutation Breeding Lab., Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University,Aligarh, UP, India, [email protected]

Keywords: EMS, Gamma rays, Physiological parameters, Trachyspermum ammi

Physical and chemical mutagens are used to create genetic variations in crop plants.Trachyspermum ammi L. (Ajwain) is an important medicinal plant, cultivated for its leaves,seeds and oils. This experiment was conducted to find out the physiological response ofAjwain var. AA-1 in M1 generation using gamma rays and EMS as mutagens. The



173

chlorophyll and carotenoid content, and carbonic anhydrase activity were recorded in thedifferent concentrations of gamma and EMS treatments. EMS treated plant showeddecreased concentrations than the gamma treated plants. Change in physiological parameterby mutagen plays an essential role in mutation breeding and crop improvement programmes.

V-37 STUDY ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY ANDMEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF ZINGIBER OFFICINALE

Sanjeev Kumar VidyarthiDepartment of Botan, Dr. L.K.V.D. College, Tajpur, SamastipurL.N. Mithila University, Darbhanga, [email protected]

Keywords: Ginger, Antibacterial activity, inhibition, medicinal properties, bacterial infections.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a spice value has a number of chemicals responsible for itsmedicinal properties, such as antiarthritis, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antibacterial,antifungal, anticancer, etc. The antibacterial activity and medicinal properties of gingerextracts were studied. Ginger extracts were obtained using solvents, n-hexane, ethyl acetate,ethanolicsoxhlet and water. The extracts were assayed for antibacterial activity and bacterialgrowth inhibition activity. The results showed that all the extracts except the water extracthave antibacterial activity and that the inhibition of bacterial growth was dose dependent.The results also showed that ginger extracts possesses antibacterial properties and couldbe used for the treatment of bacterial infections.

174

V-38 CHROMIUM INDUCED TOXICITY ONPHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OFHORSE GRAM [MACROTYLOMA UNIFLORUM (LAM. )VERDC.] VAR. MADHU

Shilpee Dhali and Chinmay PradhanP. G. Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar-751004,Odisha, [email protected]

Keywords: Macrotyloma uniflorum, Chromium stress, Chlorophyll, Antioxidativeenzymes, Protein, Hydrophonically

Present preliminary hydrophonic study examines the impact of hexavalent chromium [Cr+6]on physiological, biochemical and antioxidant activity of Macrotyloma uniflorum underdifferent concentrations (25μM, 50μM, 100μM, 150μM) provided as K2Cr2O7. Highdose of Cr+6 showed deleterious effect on the root and shoot length ,fresh and dry weightgermination %, chlorophyll, protein, total sugar, reducing sugar and free amino acid content. Antioxidative stress indicator like proline, Catalase and superoxide dismutase increasedin the current experiment. The work may be helpful to provide an insights of susceptibility/resistance of crop growth under [Cr+6] heavy metal stresses.



175

V-39 HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON STEM GALL OFCORIANDRUM SATIVUM CAUSED BY PROTOMYCESMACROSPORUS

Smita JainDepartment of Botany, Govt. Dungar College, Bikaner, (Raj) [email protected]

Keywords: Coriandrum sativum , Protomyces macrosporus, metabolites.

Coriandrum sativum (Dhania) is one of the earliest spices known to mankind. Duringestablishment of host parasite relationships several biochemical changes takes place atinfection sites. Qualitative histochemical studies or localization of various chemicals providedan insight in to the biochemical phenomenon at the cellular level involving physiology ofparasitism. In the present study localization of certain metabolites and enzymes has beencarried out. Presence of different metabolites is indicated by change in colour was significant.Localization of metabolites and activity of enzymes was more in the gall as compared tothe normal counterpart, with maximum activity in and around the chlamydospores.

V-40 THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF HERBAL COMPOSITION-LIVINA AGAINST CCL4-INDUCED HEPATIC FIBROSIS BYAMELIORATING OXIDATIVE STRESS

Soumendra DarbarResearch & Development Division, Dey’s Medical Stores Manufacturing Limited,62, Bondel Road, Kolkata-700019, West [email protected]

Keywords: Oxidative stress; Polyherbal composition, Liver injury; Livina; Antioxidant

The therapeutic effect of developed herbal composition-Livina against CCl4-induced hepaticdamage in mice was investigated. In vitro studies showed that this Livina possessesantioxidant as well nitric oxide scavenging activity. In vivo administration of CCl4 in groundnut

176

oil (1:1) for 30 days resulted increased liver lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls, andnitrite and nitrate levels and significantly lowers the activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase, glutathione peroxidise, glutathione S-transferase and reduced glutathione ascompared with control mice. This observation was supplemented by histopathologicalexamination in liver. The results indicate that the tannoid, flavonoid and Nitric oxidescavenging compounds offer protection against free radical mediated oxidative hepaticstress in mice.

V-41 COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OFEDIBLE PARTS OF DIPLAZIUM ESCULENTUM (RETZ.)SW. AT DIFFERENT GROWING STAGE

Sristisri Upadhyaya*, Mitali Barua1, Arunima Konwar*, Lakhya Jyoti Gogoi2,Prativa Deka**Dept. of Botany, Mangaldai College, Darrang, Assam-784125;1 IBT Hub,Mangaldai College, Darrang, Assam-784125;2 Dept. of Medical lab & MolecularDiagnostic Technology, Mangaldai College, Darrang, [email protected]

Keywords: Antioxidant activity, nutritive value, amino acid.

Edible portion of Dipalzium esculentum at 4 different growing stages were collectedfrom Mangaldai college campus, Darrang and analysed for phytochemical constituents,antioxidant activity, amino acid content and nutritive value. Except anthraquinone, all thephytochemicals were present in all the samples. Highest antioxidant activity was recordedin sample1 (stage 1). Considerable amount of nutritive value was found in all the samplesand sample 2 showed highest value (287.78 cal/100gm). Different amino acids i.e. cystein,glycin, phenylalanine, serine, valine and glutamic acid were recorded from the samples.The results revealed that both primary and secondary metabolite content of the plantsvaries with its growing stage.



177

V-42 PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SOME COMMONWEEDS FOR SECONDARY METABOLITES

Swati Celia Topno* and Manoj Ranjan Sinha*P.G. Department of Botany, Kolhan University, Chaibasa- 833201; JamshedpurCo-operative College, Jamshedpur [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: weeds, medicinal plants, secondary metabolites, phytoconstituents

Present paper deals with the screening of some common weed plants for secondarymetabolites. As secondary metabolites are responsible for the medicinal properties ofplants, hence, present study phytochemical screening on leaves of five medicinal plantswas carried out. The present study confirms the presence of proteins, carbohydrates,phenol & tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, phlobatanins, alkaloids andterpenoids. The result suggests that due to the presence of phytoconsituents for curingvarious ailments these weeds could be extensively utilized.

V-43 ETHANOLIC AND AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OFACHYRANTHES ASPERA L. AGAINSTHEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY

V. Balakrishnan1,* and T.Sundari2

1Department of Botany, Arignar Anna GovernmentArts College, Namakkal-637002,2Department of Chemistry, K.S.R. College of Engineering, Tiruchengode-63 215, [email protected]

Keywords: Achyranthes aspera, ferrous sulphate, hepatoprotective.

The present aim of the study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of both aqueousand ethanolic leaf extract of Achyranthus aspera (Family: Amaranthaceae) through oraldoses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg respectively. The leaves using a drug silymarin were

178

administered in albino wistar rat. Acute oral toxicity and hepatoprotective effect wasobserved for 24 hours with respect to survival of the animals. Activities of aqueous andethanolic leaf extract at 200 mg/kg dose were found comparable to that of silymarin 100mg/kg with significant (pÂ 0.01) reduction in ALT, AST, ALP and TB and decrease in TPlevel but body weight proved significant for hepatoprotective activity.

V-44 COMPARATIVE NUTRITIVE CONTENTS IN THESPECIES OF CLEOME IN THAR DESERT

Vinod KumariDepartment of Botany, Government Dungar College, Bikaner (Rajasthan), [email protected]

Keywords: Desert, Arid, Nutritive Value, Secondary Metabolites

Genus Cleome in Thar Desert is represented b four ephemeral species viz. – C. gracilis,C. gynandra, C. vahliana and C. viscosa. The present study deals with estimation ofNutritive contents, Secondary metabolites and Ascorbic Acid in different plant parts. Crudeprotein content was found to be highest in leaves of C. gynandra; Crude fat in the leavesof C. gynandra and total Carbohydrate from the leaves of C. viscosa. A good amount ofAscorbic acid was observed in all the plant parts. Alkaloids are present in leaves and stemof C.vahliana. Low concentration of Saponin and Tannin were observed in stem of C.viscosa.



179

V-45 IN VITRO CULTURE OF VIGNA MUNGO (L.) UNDERCHROMIUM TOXICITY

Zeenat Parveen and Nalini PandeyPlant Nutrition and Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany,Lucknow University, Lucknow [email protected]

Keywords: Chromium toxicity, black gram seedling, in vitro, antioxidative enzymes

The effect of chromium on seedlings of black gram (Vigna mungo L. var S-9) grown invitro in MS medium was treated with chromium i.e. 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 μM Cr andcontrol (nil Cr) was studied. Chromium toxicity decreased seedling length, germinationpercentage, tolerance index and increased phytotoxicity percentage. Chrorophyll andcarotene concentration was decreased in shoot. The root growth was decreased and leafsize was very small as compared to control seedlings. The lipid peroxidation, H2O2 andproline content was increased. The activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD,APX, GR), ASc and NPT was modulated with increasing chromium concentration.


181

SUB-SECTION - VI

Ecology and Environmental Botany


183

VI-01 EFFECT OF PARTICULATE POLLUTANT ON CEREALCROP

D.D. PandeyDepartment of Botany, Nalanda College, Biharsharif, Nalanda, [email protected]

Keywords: Fly ash, Wheat grain, Hazaribagh.

The study was confined to the Pataratu Thermal Power Station, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand(23038’11" North latitude and 85018' East longitude). It is approximately 373.5 meterabove the mean sea level at distance of about 40 km north of Ranchi, Jharkhand to assessthe effect of fly ash pollution on characteristics of grains of wheat that is number of grainsper spike, weight and volume of 1,000 grains, moisture, protein, total ash, fat, crude fibreand calorine value. All characteristics of polluted grains of wheat showed lower values ascompared to control wheat grains.

VI-02 GROWING PLANTS ON WASTE PAPER

Debashree KakatiGovt. H S School, Mangaldai, [email protected]

Keywords: Sustainable, waste paper management, plantation

People living in cities have no abundant soil for plantation and gardening in concrete flats.They have to buy soil in high cost. Also paper has been extensively used in various activitiesin our day to day life. As a result a huge amount of waste paper material gets generated.These waste papers are usually disposed either by burning or by simply disposing togarbage. Therefore, present study deals with preparing a suitable medium for plantationusing waste paper along with proportionate amount of soil nutrients and household wastageresulting into a sustainable solution.

184

VI-03A STUDY ON CURRENT POPULATION STATUS ANDCONSERVATION OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OFPAPHIOPEDILUM ORCHIDS IN FEW STATES OFNORTHEAST INDIA

Debonina Dutta*, Aparajita De*, A. A. Mao****Department of Ecology and Environmental science, Assam University, Silchar,**Department of Ecology and Environmental science, Assam University, Silchar,***Botanical survey of India, Headquarter, 700064, [email protected]

Keywords: Paphiopedilum, lady slipper orchids, endemic, threatened, Northeast India,conservation.

Paphiopedilum’s are known as slipper orchids, mainly distributed in Northeastern India.Due to the deteriorating survival conditions they are becoming increasingly rare. Aim ofthis study was to conserve the Paphiopedilum’s in their endemic region. Climatic parametersand habitat distribution models were studied to identify the probable causes of populationdecline of Paphiopedilum spicerianum at Cachar district of southern Assam. Following18 months of search, it was sighted and population details were recorded. In vitro seedgermination was done for micropropagation of the different species of Paphiopedilum.Paphiopedilum villosum showed highest germination percentage followed by the rest.



185

VI-04 ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF DIFFERENTFOREST TYPES OF GAULA CATCHMENT IN DISTRICTNAINITAL, UTTARAKHAND

Deep Chandra Tiwari*, Basant Singh, I.D. BhattG.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and SustainableDevelopment,Kosi-Katarmal, [email protected]

Keywords: Ecophysiological responses, Climate change, Forest, Uttarakhand

Climate change influence the physiology of forest plant species. Data on Himalayan forestare limited, based on this context the present study was focused to determineEcophysiological responses of different forest types in Uttarakhand. In the study, dominanttree species showed higher net photosynthetic rate as compared previous season. However,invasive species, reported maximum net photosynthetic rate in both season and whichindicated best adaptability to the diverse climatic conditions. Likewise, leaf water potentialwas found inversely proportional to net photosynthetic rate. The outcomes of the studyindicated that temperate forest species is good adaptability as compare to tropical.

186

VI-05 IMPACT OF HIGHWAY DEVELOPMENT ON TREECUTTING AND BIODIVERSITY OF KHAMGAON AREA INMAHARASHTRA

G. B Kale1, S. N Ghait 2, A.M Wankhade3, Rizwan Khan4

1Head, Department of Zoology, G.S. Science, Arts and Commerce College, Khamgaon,(MS), 2Ad-hoc teacher, Department of Zoology, G.S. Science, Arts and CommerceCollege, Khamgaon, (MS), 3 & 4Research students, Post Graduate Department of Zoology,G.S. Science, Arts and Commerce College, Khamgaon, (MS),[email protected]

Keywords: Highways, road, sustainability, biodiversity, tree cutting.

The infrastructure developments such as roads and highways play a synergistic role in thesocio-economic development of a country. The present study was carried out on Nationalhighway no.6 and state highways in different directions of Khamgaon with 25 Km distanceon each road. It attempts to understand the impact of these highway developments onbiodiversity of Khamgaon in Maharashtra. It reveals total 5194 trees on national and statehighway sides. Out of these, 4670 trees were cut during last few years and remaining 524trees on Pimpalgaon Raja road may be cut in future for road development and expansion.

VI-06 PERFORMANCE OF HEVEA GERMPLASM IN ADROUGHT STRESS REGION OF CENTRAL EASTERN INDIA

G. Prabhakara Rao,Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam 686009, Kerala, [email protected]/ [email protected]

Keywords: Correlations, Crop improvement, Hevea brasiliensis, Wild germplasm

Natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), with its center of origin in the Amazon rain forests ofBrazil, is a strategic industrial crop cultivated mainly in the southeast Asian countries. Tobroaden the narrow genetic base a huge collection of wild germplasm was made from



187

three states in Brazil viz., Acre, Rondonia and Mato Grosso and distributed to membercountries including India. In the present study, a set of thirty potential accessions and sixpopularly cultivated clones viz., RRII 105, RRII 118, RRII 208, PB 260, GT 1 and GL 1were evaluated for Performance of these genotypes in terms of girth, girth increment,crotch height, bole volume, NLVR and yield.

VI-07 IN VITRO PROPAGATION AND GENETICASSESSMENT OF BULBOPHYLLUM ODORATISSIMUM -ANENDANGERED MEDICINAL ORCHID

Gargi Prasad1,3*, Ashiho A Mao2, Deepu Vijayan1 and A. Lokho3

1 Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong, Meghalaya;2Botanical Survey of India, Headquarter, Kolkata-700064, W.B.; 3 Department ofBotany, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan-731235 [email protected]

Keywords: In vitro, ISSR markers, Monomorphic, MS medium, 6-Benzyladenine

The main objective of the present study was to optimize and develop an efficient protocolfor in vitro propagation of a medicinally important orchid Bulbophyllum odoratissimum(Sm.) Lindl. along with genetic stability analysis of regenerated plants. Young nodal segmentsused as explants for multiple shoot induction study and maximum number of shoots wereobtained in MS medium supplemented with higher concentration of BA (6-Benzyladenine).The rooted plants were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse with higher percentageof survival rate. Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers were used to confirm thegenetic uniformity among the regenerates.

188

VI-08 ROLE OF URBAN AGRICULTURE IN ENHANCINGFOOD SECURITY AND SUSTAINABILITY

Isha Bhat1* and Naveen Goel2

1*Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi;2 Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi;[email protected]

Keywords: Urban agriculture, Food Security, Urban sustainability

Urban agriculture is making an increasing contribution to food security in large cities aroundthe world. It is predicted that innovative urban agriculture can potentially contribute toglobal food security by supporting local food supply, strengthening the food value chain,and applying more sustainable practices than conventional agriculture. Several analyseshave also indicated that urban agriculture can help solve food security for growingpopulations and provide chemical free food with no risk of pests and diseases. Thisreview mainly focuses on the possibility of overcoming the current challenges for urbanagriculture to meet the nutritional requirements of growing populations and urbansustainability.

VI-09 PHENOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF TROPICAL DRYDECIDUOUS MIXED FOREST OF NATORADEHI WILD LIFESANCTUARY, SAGAR (M.P.) I-LEAFING

Kaushlesh PathakDept. of Botany, Gov. PG College, Tikamgarh-472001 [email protected]

Keywords: Phenological, Environmental, forests, leaf

The phenological events are dependent on geographical region on environmental factors.In tropical dry deciduous forests of the Naoradehi sanctuary, leaves develop during summerand rainy seasons. Most of the species (80%) in the study area completes their leaf



189

emergence from May to June viz. Acacia catechu, Anogeissus pendula, Cassia fistula,Diospyros melanoxylon, Lagerstromia parviflora, Pterocarpus marsupium andTerminalia tomentosa, etc. The phenological changes of plant in relation to various phasesof their life cycle and seasons are governed by a number of composite factors.

VI-10 ROLE OF PLANTS IN THE RURAL DEVELOPMANET

L. C. KulkarniKLE’S, P.C. Jabin Science College, Hubballi. (Autonomous), Karnatak University,Dharwad, Karnaraka.

Keywords: Rural area, tree plantation, environmental factors, strategies, policies andprograms.

Rural area is sparsely populated at outside the limits of a city or town, characterized byfarms, vegetation and open spaces. The plantation is mainly depends on local ecology,patterns of agricultural land-use, cultural traditions, local demands. The environmentaldegradation and the depletion of trees cover is due to the lack of comprehensive traditionalenvironment systems. Trees, dotted the rural landscape, around houses, along fieldboundaries and roadsides. Rural development is a multi-dimensional phenomenon. Thestrategies are based on various approaches, policies and programs implementation and itsoutcomes. The development cannot be sustainable and long lasting unless people aremade a part and parcel of the development process.

190

VI-11 EFFECTIVENESS OF NOVEL INSECTICIDESAGAINST PINK MEALYBUG MACONELLICOCCUSHIRSUTUS GREEN ON MULBERRY

M P Yeshika1, K G Banuprakash and K Muruli Mohan*Department of Sericulture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560065, Karnataka,Department of Agricultural Entomology, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560065,Karnataka,[email protected]

Keywords: Novel insecticides, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, mulberry phytotoxicity

Five novel insecticides along with dichlorvos as standard check were evaluated againstpink mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) under field conditions. The treatmentdinotefuron 20 SG @ 0.25 g/l recorded the highest mealybug mortality at both 7 DAS(78.78 %) and 15 DAS (99.44 %) owing to its unique mode of action. Phytotoxicitysymptoms assessed on mulberry revealed that all the insecticides except flonicamid 50WG (0.15 and 0.3 g/l) had no phytotoxic effect on mulberry plants. Among the insecticidestested, dinotefuran 20 SG @ 0.12 g/l and azadirachtin 1 % @ 1 ml/l recorded maximumcoccinellid beetle population per plant.



191

VI-12 BIOCOMPOSTING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTEINTO BIOMANURE AND ITS EFFECT ON GROWTH ANDYIELD OF BLACK GRAM (VIGNA MUNGO L.)

M.Silpa and A. VijayalakshmiDept. of Botany, Avinashilingam Institute for home science and higher educationfor women coimbatore, [email protected]

Keywords: CSW-(Cocia Shell waste), JFPW-( Jack fruit wastes), Cowpea, DAS- (Daysafter sowing)T-Treatment, Eudrilus eugeniae

The present study focuses on two agroindustrial wastes (CSW and JFPW) converted intoa biocompost. The efficiency of the biocompost is tested on the test crop cowpea. Differenttreatments were used C- control, T1-(CSW+ Eudrilus eugeniae), T4-(CSW+ Pleurotuseous+ Pleurotus florida+ Eudrilus eugeniae). JFPW was used in the same procedurein T5, T6, T7 and T8 treatments. The present findings show T8 (JFPW+ Pleurotus florida+ Eudrilus eugeniae) treatments of biocompost significantly increased the biometricaland yield parameters of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Hence utilization of thebiocompost as organic fertilizer can save the cost of the chemical fertilizer along withminimising pollution in an eco-friendly manner.

192

VI-13 STUDY OF FLY ASH WITH NITROGEN FERTILIZERON PERFORMANCE OF RADISH (RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.)

Moh Sajid Ansari* and Abrar Ahmad KhanSection of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology Lab, Department ofBotany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, U.P., [email protected]

Keywords: Fly ash, growth, nitrogen fertilizer, radish

The present study is an attempt to evaluate the effect of different levels of fly ash (10% -50%) combined with nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and yield in radish. The plant growth,yield and chlorophyll content markers were significantly increased as compared to controlin fly ash amended soil. The plant growth, yield and chlorophyll content of radish weresignificantly (Pd”0.05) enhanced after the addition of 0.5g and 1.0g nitrogen fertilizercombined with fly ash. Maximum enhancement was observed at 1.0g nitrogen fertilizerwith 30% level of fly ash amended soil. The higher levels of fly ash were found to beharmful for plant growth, yield and chlorophyll content.

VI- 14 BIOCOMPOSTING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTEINTO BIOMANURE AND ITS EFFECT ON GROWTH ANDYIELD OF BLACK GRAM (VIGNA MUNGO L.)

Pinky Raihing and A. VijayalakshmiDept. of Botany, Avinashilingam Institute for home science and higher educationfor women coimbatore, [email protected]

Keyword: Vermicomposting, V.W-Vegetable waste, F. W- Fruit waste. Vigana mungo,Pleurotus eous. Trichoderma asperelloides

Vermicomposting is a technique which give immense enhancement in the growth and yieldof the crops and medicinal plants. It is cost effective and eco-friendly process. The present



193

study attempts to to analyse vegetative growth and yield parameters of Black gram (Vignamungo L.) in vermicompost. The experimental treatment consisted of 8 treatments. Amaximum increase in growth and yield parameters was observed in T8 followed by othertreatments and control. Hence, it concluded that the treatment T8 (Fruit waste + Pleurotuseous + Trichoderma asperelloides + Eudrilis eugeniae) is an effective biocompost forthe growth and yield of the plant.

VI-15 EDAPHIC PARAMETERS RELATED TO THEOCCURRENCE OF THE EFFICIENT PHOSPHATESOLUBILISING BACTERIA (PSB) IN THE RHIZOSPHERESOIL OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA L. GROWING IN THECOASTAL REGIONS OF WEST BENGAL, INDIA

P.Giri1*, H.Saha2, J. Basu3, K. Biswas4 and P. Bhowmik5

1&2Dept. of Botany, Dum Dum Motijheel College, Kolkata -700074, 3 Dept. ofMicrobiology, Dum Dum Motijheel College, Kolkata-700074, 4 Dept. of Physics,Dum Dum Motijheel College, Kolkata-700074, 5 Dept. of Microbiology, TechnoIndia University, Kolkata, West Bengal, [email protected]

Keywords: Rhizosphere, Phosphate solubilising bacteria, Available phosphorus, Totalbacterial count.

In search of efficient phosphate solubilising isolates in the salt enriched rhizosphere soil, theplant has been selected as a suitable host due to its distribution and rhizoecological niche.The present investigation deals with one most efficient phosphate solubilising isolate ofBacillus sp. (Strain Bac 196; Gene Bank Accession No. KX641579.1) from therhizosphere soil of the plant Azadirachta indica growing in 14 different coastal sites ofwest Bengal. Though correlation between the electrical conductivity available phosphorusand pH is insignificant but the same is significant in respect of total bacterial count, totalnitrogen, organic matter, and availability of magnesium, calcium, potassium and sand.

194

VI-16 ORGANIC FARMING OF CHILLI (CAPSICUMANNUUM L.) IN RAJASTHAN

Preeti Mishra* and Kavita ChaudharyPlant Pathology, tissue culture and biotechnology laboratory,Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, [email protected]

Keywords: Conventional, organic, chilli, Rajasthan

Conventional chemical methods of farming show adverse health effects like blurred vision,skin redness, cancer, nausea, headache, dizziness, vomiting. The growing importance oforganic farming has created an urgent need to compare the environmental effects of organicand conventional farming methods. In Rajasthan, Chilli is cultivated in an area of 12.21thousand hectares with an annual production of 17.71 million tons. In the present studyfruits grown in organic conditions and conventionally available were compared for variousnutritional phytochemicals. It contains capsaicin, carotenoids, flavonoids, tocopherols(vitamin E), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), â-Carotene, etc.

VI-17 PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON TREEVEGETATION OF NORTH SAGAR FOREST DIVISION,SAGAR, MADHYA PRADESH

Ramendra K. Tiwari* & Y.P. Singh***Office of the Working Plan, Department of Forest, Sagar (MadhyaPradesh);**Office of the Chief Conservator of Forests, Shivpuri CircleDeaprtment of Forest, Shivpuri, Madhya [email protected]

Keywords: Phytosociological study, IVI, North Sagar Forest Division.

Loss of biodiversity is a threat to the natural ecosystem in any particular area locally andleads to ecological imbalance as a whole globally. In order to better manage forest



195

ecosystems, it is important to study the diversity of plants in these ecosystems. The presentpaper deals with the population structure and tree species diversity of North Sagar ForestDivision. A total of 54 established tree species were recorded in this forest. The IVI valueshave helped to understand the ecological significance of the tree species in communitystructure. Highest IVI was reported for the species Tectona grandis (76.97).

VI-18 STUDIES ON DEVELOPMENT OF SOMEENTREPRENEURIAL SMALL SCALE MATERIALS FORRURAL DEVELOPMENT

Rajesh Kumar* and Anupam DikshitRural Innovation Centre, Centre of Science & Society, University of Allahabad,[email protected]

Keywords: Rural development, rural areas, poverty, reutilization, sustainability.

The Rural development generally refers to the process of improving the quality of life andeconomic well-being of people living in relatively isolated and sparsely populated areasi.e. rural areas. In this paper, we have tried to extract some plant based secondarymetabolites followed by development cost effective and eco-friendly formulations afteranalysis of all data. This entrepreneurial work of sustainability can be used to presentrecyclability or reutilization dimension of different materials and it will help for all otheraspect like role of governance, management, education & civil society because theseaspects are base of sustainability.

196

VI-19 GREEN PRESCRIPTION FOR A SICK BUILDING

Rajeshwari MishraDepartment of Botany, Isabella Thoburn College, [email protected]

Keywords: Sick Building Syndrome, Indoor Plants.

Sick building syndrome” (SBS) describes common pattern of symptoms found amongworkers in modern office buildings and these symptoms are “excessively” reported andprimarily “work-related. It includes lethargy, mucous membrane irritation, headache, eyeirritation, and dry skin. There are certain chemicals and pollutants such as formaldehyde,benzene, carbon di-oxide etc. responsible for causing these symptoms. Symptoms aredifficult to diagnose. In such cases a number of indoor plants which absorb the harmfulchemicals and gases can be used indoors. In this review paper few of these plants andtheir properties have been discussed.

VI-20EFFICACY OF ROOT TRAINER SIZE AND PROPERPOTTING MIX FOR DALBERGIASISSOO (SHISHAM)

Ramesh Chandra Dubey1*, Ajey Karan Chaudhari1, Saroj Dubey, R.K. Dixit2

and P. Dubey3

1Department of Botany, Paliwal P G College, Shikohabad, Firozabad2Forest Research Institute, U.P., 18, G.T. Road, Kanpur,3Uttar Pradesh Forest Department, [email protected]

Keywords: Potting mix – Root trainer – Growth performance – Dalbergia sissoo

Studies with six potting mixes and two root trainer sizes were conducted at Forest ResearchInstitute, U.P., Kanpur to find out their effect on growth performance of Dalbergia sissooseedlings. The size of root trainer 250 cc and potting mix (compost) remained best inseedling production.1



197

VI-21PRODUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY BENIGNNANOPARTICLES FROM SHOREA TUMBUGGAIA ROXB. ANENDEMIC ENDANGERED MEDICINAL TREE TAXON OFSESHACHALAM HILL RANGE OF EASTERN GHATS

S. AnkannaDepartment of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University,Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh- [email protected]

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Nanoparticles, Validation

Plant wealth has always been associated with wisdom and immorality and occupies theimportant place in the history of India. Medicinal plants have a long-standing relationship inmany indigenous communities and continue to provide useful tools for treating various diseases.The local tribal peoples are solely depended on collection of the raw materials from Tirumalaand Talakona regions of Andhra Pradesh. Hence the present study is aimed to synthesizeIran Zinc, Silver and Calcium nanoparticles with Shorea tumbuggaia by using clean, nontoxic,and environmentally acceptable nanotechnological approach because nanoparticles havemore applications in many areas including biomedical, agriculture and material sciences.

VI-22 RURAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH CULTIVATION OFMEDICINAL PLANTS IN DEMAND

Shashiprabha and Asha Gupta*Ayurvedic College, Osmanabad and, Deptt of Life Sciences,Manipur University*[email protected]

Keywords: Cultivation, WHO, propagation, active ingredient, therapeutic use.

Cultivation of plants is the best way to provide plant material needed for medicinal use,trade and export. Cultivation develops standard of quality, safety and efficacy of plantsused in traditionally prepared drugs and also pharmaceutical industries. It also

198

reduces possibility of misidentification and adulteration. WHO has insisted to developGood Agricultural Practices for growing medicinal plants to guarantee quality of raw drugand facilitate the standardization of quality of ISM drugs This paper elaborates details ofcultivation practices, propagation methods, planting time, irrigation schedule, postharvestmanagement, Latin name, habitat, active ingredients, therapeutic use, market rate, etc.

VI-23 INSIGHTS INTO THE FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTETO THE INVASIVENESS OF HYPTIS SUAVEOLENS (L.) POIT.

Sonia Rathee and Daizy R. BatishDepartment of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh [email protected]

Keywords: Hyptis suaveolens, allelochemicals, dimorphic seeds, invasiveness

Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. a tropical American annual aromatic invasive plant speciesof Lamiaceae. Although the plant possesses huge plethora of medicinal properties but, itsfast spreading nature has negative impacts on the native vegetation. The allelochemicalsand volatile compounds present in the plant inhibits the growth of neighbouring plant species.The reason for the enormous population expansion can be attributed to many small dimorphicseeds, self and cross pollination, perennating rootstock and unpalatable nature.Understanding of the factors responsible for providing invasiveness to the plant wouldhelp curb its spread so as to devise appropriate control and management measures.



199

VI-24IMPROVEMENT HUMAN INCOME AND HEALTHTHROUGH CULTIVATION OF EDIBLE MUSHROOM

Sudhansu Sekhar RathDepartment of Biology, A.B Women’s College, Alkund, Jajpur, Odisha, [email protected]

Keyword: Mushroom, Nagada, mal nutrition, therapeutic value

Mushroom was first cultivated in India in 1940, however its systematic cultivation wasattempted in 1943. Mushroom is a good nutritional food & meets the nutritional requirement.A number of mushroom species have medicinal & therapeutic value in the prevention/treatment of cancer, viral disease, hyper cholesterolemia, blood platelet, Anti diabetics,Anti Bactria, Anti fungal, Anti viral, Imunomodulating, Kidney tonic, Nerve tonic, chronicbronchitis. Current project emphasized the increase the income and health condition throughmushroom cultivation.

VI-25 BIOMASS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF PISUMSATIVUM L. OF TAL AREA OF NALANDA, BIHAR

Sudhir Kumar and D.D. Pandey*Department of Botany, Mahabodhi Mahavidyalaya, Nalanda, Bihar.*Department of Botany, Nalanda College, Biharshrif, Nalanda, [email protected]

Keywords: Biomass, Primary Productivity, Pisum sativumL.

The present study deals with biomass and primary productivity of Pisum sativum L.varieties Rachna, Swarnrekha and Jayanti growing in tal area of Nalanda, Bihar. The totalbiomass of three varieties increased up to 105 days. The biomass and primary productivityof variety Rachna, were found to be comparatively higher than varietis Swarnrekha andJayanti growing in Tal area of Nalanda, Bihar.

200

VI-26 EFFECT OF POLLUTANTS FROM CEMENT FACTORYON PIGEON PEA

Surya Mani KumarDepartment of Botany, Ramesh Jha Mahila College, Saharsa, [email protected]

Keywords: Pigeon Pea, Banjari, Pollutants, Biomass

The study area was situated in the vicinity of cement factory area of Banjari, Rohtas, Bihar(24057' North latitude and 840 East longitude). Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) is grown byvillagers in the vicinity of cement factory. The main pollutants from cement factory is cementdust. This study was carried to assess the effect of cement dust pollution on biomass andprimary productivity of Pigeon Pea. The biomass and primary productivity were found tobe higher at each sampling date of the control plant than polluted one. A maximum reductionof 23.01% of total biomass was recorded at the age of 210 days due to cement dustpollution.



201

SUB-SECTION-VII

Plant Biotechnology and Tissue Culture


203

VII-01 BIOTECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGIESFORCONSERVATION AND EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICALACTIVITY OF ENDANGERED ETHNOMEDICINALLYIMPORTANT PLANTS OF RAJASTHAN, INDIA.

Aparna Pareek and MK Sharma1Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, [email protected]

Keywords: Conservation, Phytoconstituents, Endangered, Ethnomedicinal plants

In medicinal plant research, botanical documentation plays a vital role since without correctlyidentified material and properly documented voucher specimens the results are at bestsuspect and at worst useless. Therefore, now a day’s screening of medicinal herbs aspotential sources of new bioactive compounds of therapeutic value has increased. Basedon the ethnopharmacological literature, several species of medicinalplants used in traditionalmedicine in district Jaipur, Rajasthan were collected and were subjected to in vitro cultures.Efforts are being made to isolate the active constituents of these potent medicinal plantsviz. Celastrus paniculatus, Commiphora mukul, Oogenis oogenesis that are facing thedanger of extinction and their biological activity will be tested in vivo.

204

VII-02 SYN-SEED PRODUCTION THROUGH SHOOT-TIPENCAPSULATION IN BLYTTIA SPIRALIS (FORSSK.) D.V.FIELD & J.R.I. WOOD FOR CONSERVATION, EXCHANGEAND DISTRIBUTION OF GERMPLASM

Ashok Kumar Patel*, Narpat S. ShekhawatBiotechnology Unit, Department of Botany, UGC–CAS, Jai Narain VyasUniversity, Jodhpur – 342005 (Rajasthan)[email protected]

Keywords: Blyttia spiralis, encapsulation technology, germplasm conservation

Blyttia spiralis (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal threatened perennial climber. Wide-spreadhabitat destruction adversely affected its natural populations. The abstract highlights anefficient method for syn-seed production. Shoot-tip excised from in vitro cultures wasused for encapsulation. Sodium-alginate 3.0% and 100mM calcium-chloride was foundthe optimum for encapsulation. Of the five media (M1-M5) evaluated, M4 (BAP–0.5 mgL-

1, Kin–0.5 mgL-1 and NAA–0.1 mgL-1) was found the best in terms of shoot emergenceand shoot number, followed by M2 and M5. For rooting, ½MS+AC–100 mgL-1+NOAand IBA–0.25 mgL-1 each, was proven the best. Regenerants were acclimatized-hardenedin greenhouse.



205

VII-03 IN VITRO CONSERVATION ANDMICROPROPAGATION OF HYLOCEREUSCOSTARICENSIS (F.A.C. WEBER) BRITTON & ROSE

Biju Dharmapalan*, Neha Lukose and M KamalapriyaSchool of Biosciences, Mar Athanasios College for Advanced Studies Tiruvalla(MACFAST); [email protected]/ [email protected]

Keywords: Micropropagation, Pitahayas, Tissue culture, In vitro propagation

Hylocereus costaricensis, commonly known as Dragon fruit plant are perennial climbingcactus plants native to tropical areas of North, Central, and South America. Due to highbetalin content the fruit is widely considered as a miracle fruit for many health issues. InIndia the plant can be cultivated in drought prone area and could be source of income forfarmers in that region. The present investigation was carried out to develop an in vitroprotocol for conservation and large scale production of plants. It was observed that multipleshoot formation was observed in MS media supplemented with 3mg/l BAP.

VII-04 ESTABLISHMENT AND MULTIPLICATION OF SHOOTCULTURE IN ANNATTO –YIELDING TREE (BIXAORELLANA)USED AS SHOOT TIP NODAL EXPLANT FROM SEEDLING

Kheta Ram and N. S. ShekhawatBiotechnology Unit, Department of Botany (UGC-CAS), Jai Narain VyasUniversity, Jodhpur342005 (Rajasthan); [email protected]

Keywords: Annatto, Bud breaking, Bixin, in vitro rooting

Bixa orellana L. (Bixaceae) is a woody species known as annatto, a natural seed surfacedyes, Bixin (C25H30O4). The annatto pigments are widely used in the food industry,condiments, pharmaceuticals, textiles. Axillary bud proliferation and multiple shoot inductionfrom shoot tip nodal explants were done on MS medium with 2.0 mgl-1 of BAP. Shoots

206

were amplification and maintained. Rate of shoot multiplication achieved was 29.7±2.11shoots per vessel. The micropropagated shoots were achieved in vitro as well as ex vitrorooting. Both the in vitro and ex vitrorooted plantlets were harden and acclimatized ingreen house.

VII-05 CALLUS INDUCTION AND PLANT REGENERATIONFROM LEAF SEGMENTS OF UNIQUE TROPICAL WOODYPLANT TILIA CORARACEMOSA

Noyonika Mukherjee, Subhankhi Pal, SouradipMukherjee, AnushkaNath,TanishaChakraborty, SwagatoBhattacharya, AnanyaDatta, AninditaBanerjee*Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), [email protected]

Keywords: Menispermaceae, Tiliacorine, DBBI, Hairy root, Alkaloid.

Tiliacoraracemosa (family Menispermaceae) yielded tiliacorine alkaloid from its rootsfor which induction of the production of hairy roots in Tiliacorasp was experimented usingmicropropagation techniques in which the shorter period of time required by Woody plantMedia in 2 weeks led to its standardisation as the most suitable media for callus culture.The sole aim of the project is to obtain callus and in long term to induce hairy root formationartificially to compare alkaloid and flavonoid concentrations in artificially and naturallyobtained roots to reduce the over-harvesting of the endangered species from its naturalhabitat.



207

VII-06 OPTIMIZATION OF SALICYLIC ACID AND CHITOSANTREATMENT FOR BITTER SECOIRIDOID AND XANTHONEGLYCOSIDES PRODUCTION IN SHOOT CULTURES OFSWERTIA PANICULATAUSING RESPONSE SURFACEMETHODOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

Prabhjot Kaur1, Devendra Kumar Pandey1, R.C. Gupta2, R.M. Banik3*

1School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Faculty of Technology andSciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411;2Professor, Departmentof Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, 3*Professor, School of BiochemicalEngineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: Swertia; Elicitors; Secoiridoids; Mangiferin; Artificial neural network

Response surface methodology and artificial neural network was used to construct thepredicted models of linear, quadratic and interactive effects of two independent variablesviz. salicylic acid (A) and chitosan (B) for the production of amarogentin (I), swertiamarin(II) and mangiferin (III) from shoot cultures of Swertia paniculata Wall. I, II and III aremajor therapeutic metabolites with immense demand in the pharmaceutical industries. Thedifferent concentrations of A and B elicitors substantially influenced the % yield of I, II andIII compounds in the shoot culture. The optimal enhancement of I, II and III productionwas achieved in 14 days treatment elicited by A and B. Overall, optimization of elicitors topromote secoiridoid and xanthone glycoside production with ANN modeling has significantresult as compared to RSM.


209

SUB-SECTION VIII

Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology


211

VIII-01 EFFECTS OF MUTAGENS ON MORPHOLOGICALTRAITS OF PSORALEA CORYLIFOLIA-A MEDICINALLYIMPORTANT PLANTS

Ajey Karan Chaudhari1*, Ramesh Chandra Dubey1 and B R Chaudhary2

1Department of Botany, Paliwal P G College, Shikohabad, Firozabad2Department of Botany, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University [email protected]

Keywords: Mutation, Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), Sodium azide (SA), Psoraleacorylifolia.

Mutation breeding like in other plants can significantly strengthen medicinal plants breedingprograms and help produce novel varieties with higher yield potential and improved yieldquality. The dry and healthy seeds of Psoralea corylifolia IC 111228 were subjected tomutagenic treatments namely ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and sodium azide (SA).The treatment concentrations 15mM, 30mM, 45mM and 60mM of EMS and 1mM,2mM, 3mM and 4mM of SA were chosen to evaluate the mutagenic potential in eithercase. The morphological traits were evaluated in M1 generation viz. plant height, days toflowering initiation, seed yield/plant and 100-seed weight. In EMS treatment 15 mMincreases the plant height, and seed yield, while in SA treatment 4 mM increases the 100-seed yield.

212

VIII-02 EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ANDCULTURE MEDIA ON IN VITRO GROWTH OF FUNGIISOLATED FROM BAREILLY, INDIA

Archana* and A.K. JaitlyMycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, Facultyof Applied sciences, Rohilkhand University Bareilly –243006;[email protected]

Keywords: Fungi, temperature, pH, temperature, culture media

The influence of the culture media, pH and temperature on the growth of twelve frequentlyencountered fungi (dominant fungi) isolated from soil and water systems was examined.Three culture media (YpSs, Malt extract and Czpeck-dox), pH (4-9) and temperature(15°C-60°C) were taken in the study. The best growth was recorded at 30°C to 45°Cand pH 5.0-7.0. Generally, most alkaline and most acidic conditions were not favorablefor their growth. Similar effects were observed when the temperatures were away fromoptimum. Moreover, Malt extract was found the most suitable medium followed by Czpeck-dox for growth of tested fungi.

VIII-03 CYTOTOXIC AND APOPTOTIC STUDIES OFBIOSYNTHESIZED ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLESEXTRACTED FROM THE CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA

Arshika Srivastava1, Sankranthi Sumhitha, Sweta Kumari, and S. Rajashekara*, 2,Centre for Applied Genetics, Department of Studies in Zoology,BangaloreUniversity, Jnana Bharathi Campus,Bengaluru 560 056, [email protected]; [email protected]

Keywords: Apoptotic, Cytotoxic, Green chemistry, Zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Biosynthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) from the methanolic leaf extracts ofCalotropis gigantea L. was investigated for its cytotoxic and apoptotic activity on theMDAMB-231 cell lines. Treatment of MDAMB-231 cells with 80μg/ml and 160μg/mL



213

of ZnONPs shown DNA replication (S) phase arrest with 11.17% and 27.21% atconcentrations 80μg/mL and 160μg/mL of ZnONPs respectively. 80 μg/ml and 160 μg/mltreatment of ZnONPs samples induces early and late apoptosis with 8.17%, 5.98% and20.36%, 23.36% apoptotic cells respectively. Bio-ZnONPs can potentially alter theapoptotic protein expression and trigger apoptosis, and used to improve the cytotoxicproperties in MDAMB-231 cells.

VIII-04 GENETIC DISSECTION OF THE EPJ-TSW-A3-1 QTLUSING CANDIDATE GENE APPROACH

Himanshi Gupta1, 2, Shikha Mathur2, Dr. Akshay Kumar Pradhan2*1Zakir Husain Delhi College (Day), University of Delhi,2. Department of Genetics,South Campus, University of [email protected]

Keywords: QTL mapping, thousand seed- weight (Tsw), allele-specific markers

Seed size is a quantitative trait which is controlled by a number of genes via differentpathways and environmental factors. Previously, QTL mapping for thousand seed weight(TSW) was conducted in the EPJ (EH-2 X PJ DH population) population which showsmaximum parental contrast. The present study attempts to dissect EPJ-Tsw-A3-1 QTLlocated in J block of A03 linkage group, as one of the major QTL controlling seed size byDhaka et. al. through candidate gene approach. A3 paralog of MAPK6 which has beenreported to influence seed size in rice was cloned and mapped using CAPS marker systemin the present study.

214

VIII-05 EFFECT OF FOLIAR NUTRITION ON RESULTANTSEED QUALITY OF PROSO MILLET

K P RagupathiPh.D Scholar, Department of Seed Science and TechnologyTamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 [email protected]

Keywords: Famine food, Nutri-cereals, Foliar nutrition, Nutritional security, Proso millet

Proso millet is widely cultivated hardy, nutritious, minor millet known for its earliness (60-90 days) and better yielding even under any stress conditions make them “Crop for pooror Famine food”. India tops world minor millets production and theseunderutilized ‘Nutri-cereals’ occupy 10 percent of country’s food grain basket. Field study with Good AgriculturalPractices indicates the influence of various foliar nutritionviz., flower initiation and 50 %flowering stages in proso millet cv. CO (PV) 5. Resultant seeds of Urea + ZnSO4

combination treatment was found best, indicating the way ahead for attaining rural foodand nutritional security.

VIII-06 GENE EDITING OF PLANTS SUSCEPTIBLE (S) GENESUSING CRISPR /CAS 9 FOR PATHOGEN RESISTANT CROPS

Naveen Goel1* and Isha Bhat2

Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Department Of Biosciences, JamiaMilia [email protected]

Keywords: plant-pathogen interaction, (S) gene, CRISPR/Cas9 system.

In order to feed large world in increasing population and changing climatic conditions, weneed to have pathogen resistant crops. This can be achieved by either conventional methodi.e. breeding or through the genome editing tools. Phytopathogens facilitate their proliferation



215

by exploiting plants’ susceptibility (S) genes. (S) Genes are required for successful pathogeninfection, and thus are considered essential for compatible plant–pathogen interactions, soneed of the hour is to make the (S) gene mutated using molecular biology techniques likeCRISPR/Cas9 which on expression gives resistant crop in lesser time on a cheaper scaleas compared to conventional methods.

VIII-07 SCREENING OF ELITE POPULATION OF SWERTIAPANICULATA FROM WESTERN HIMALAYAS ON THE BASISOF ISSR MARKERS, BITTER SECOIRIDOID ANDCHLOROGENIC ACID

Prabhjot Kaura , R.M. Banik, R.C. Gupta and Devendra Kumar Pandeya* a School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University,Phagwara- 144411, [email protected]

Keywords: Swertia paniculata, secoiridoid, ISSR, HPTLC

Present study aims to assess the intra-specific genetic diversity and quantitative estimationof bitter secoiridoids and chlorogenic acid (potent anti-oxidant compound) among 36 S.paniculata landraces from Indian Western Himalayas which are adulterants of Swertiachirata. Out of total 23 ISSR markers, 16 markers produced 97.7% polymorphic bandsand overall high level of genetic diversity was observed among S. paniculata accessions.HPTLC method was used for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of amarogentin,swertiamarin and chlorogenic acid. Both molecular and phytochemical markers visiblycategorize different plant landraces and thus are significant tools for the assessment ofinter-specific diversity.

216

VIII-08 MOLECULAR DOCKING SIMULATION BASEDEXPLORATION OF ARNEBIA BENTHAMII: A HIGHLYVALUED PLANT FROM IHR, AGAINST LUNG CANCER

Priyanka Maitia, MaheshaNandb

aCEA&CC,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & SustainableDevelopment, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora,Uttarakhand,bENVIS Centre on Himalayan Ecology, G.B. Pant National Institute of HimalayanEnvironment & Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora,[email protected]

Keywords: Natural Inhibitors; Molecular docking; Molecular Dynamics Simulation

The present work is to identify the selective inhibitors against EGFR T790M from anethnomedicinally important plant – Arnebia benthamii. A library of 270 phytochemicalswas subjected to virtual screening using rigid and flexible docking followed by moleculardynamics simulation, which resulted in 12 potential phytochemicals with higher free energyof binding. And acetyl alkanin exhibited interaction with Met 793 which are identical tothe established reference inhibitor PD168393. The results revealed higher efficiency of thephytochemicals compared to PD168393. The two possible kinase inhibitors identified bypresent work need to be evaluated in biological systems which could facilitate thedevelopment process of therapeutics against EGFR-T790M selective lung cancer.



217

VIII-09 ADVANCED BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS ININ VIVO AND IN VITRO PARTS OF COCCULUS HIRSUTUS

Rishikesh Meena* and Mukesh Kumar MeenaPlant Pathology, tissue culture and biotechnology laboratory,Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, [email protected]

Keywords: Cocculus hirsutus, gallic acid, GC-MS, bioactive compounds.

Plants are a rich source of secondary metabolites with interesting biological activities. Ingeneral, these secondary metabolites are an important source with a variety of structuralarrangements and properties. Distinguished examples of these compounds includeflavonoids, phenols and phenolic glycosides, saponins and cyanogenic glycosides etc.GC-MS analysis, Isolation, identification and quantification of â-sitosterol and gallic acidfrom in vivo and in vitro samples of Cocculus hirsutus. GC-MS analysis of methanolicextract of leaves showed the presence of carbohydrates, steroids, alkaloids, glycosides,flavonoids, tannins and saponins. The presence of various bioactive compounds confirmsthe application of Cocculus hirsutus for various ailments by traditional practitioners.

218

VIII-10 MUTAGENIC EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OFRADIATION AND MUTAGEN INDUCED CHLOROPHYLLMUTANTS IN AJARA GHANSAL RICE CULTIVAR FROMKOLHAPUR (MH).

S. P. Desai1, A.G Jadhav1, V. J. Dhole2 and N. B. Gaikwad1*1Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004; 2Nuclear Agricultureand Biotechnology Division, Bhaba Atomic Research Centre, Trombay,Mumbai [email protected]

Keywords: Ajara Ghansal, non-basmati aromatic rice, mutagenic efficiency,

The seeds of Ajara Ghansal, a non- basmati aromatic rice cultivar, endemic to Ajara tehsilof Kolhapur district were treated with three doses of Gamma rays and three concentrationsof chemical (EMS and SA) mutagens. The frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations,mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency, total mutation rates were estimated at differentlevels to study the nature and effect of mutagens in M2 generation. The maximum mutageniceffectiveness and mutation rate was found in SA and minimum in Gamma rays while EMShas highest mutation rate on mutagenic efficiency. From this study it was observed that SAis a most effective and EMS is highly efficient mutagen for induction of desired changes inAjara Ghansal cultivar.



219

VIII-11 CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF Melastoma malabathricumL. WATER EXTRACT ON Allium cepa L.

Surochita BasuDepartment of Botany, Tripura University, Tripura 799022,[email protected],

Keywords: Melastoma, Allium cepa test, mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations, dosedependent, toxicity, Aluminum

Melastoma malabathricum L accumulates the metal Aluminum and is used in indigenoussystems of medicine, due to its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities.Notwithstanding the therapeutic value, safety and efficacy of the herbal preparations calls fortoxicity assessment. Allium cepa test has been used to study the changes in mitotic activityand appearance of chromosomal aberrations. The results indicate dose dependent changesin root meristem cells upon exposure to varying concentration of plant extracts at differentdurations. A rhythmic progression in mitotic activity at specific durations was also noted. Thefindings imply use of the folk medicine in narrow dose for effective therapeutic applications.

VIII-12 EFFECTS OF MALE STERILITY INDUCINGCYTOPLASM ON GRAIN YIELD AND COMPONENT TRAITSIN PIGEON PEA (CAJANUS CAJAN L. MILL SP.)

T. Onkarappa, Hanumaraddy and H. H. Sowmya,GKVK, UAS, [email protected]

Keywords: BRG5, hybrid, isonuclear alloplasmic hybrid, cytoplasm

The effect of cytoplasm on hybrid mean performance for grain yield and its componenttraits was investigated by evaluating 30 hybrids (15 A×R and 15 B×R hybrids) and 11parents along with standard check variety BRG5. These isonuclear alloplasmic hybrids

220

were observed for quantitative traits viz., pods plant-1, seeds pod-1

, 100 seed weight andgrain yield plant-1. Significant variation was observed within the A×R and B×R group ofhybrids for all the traits. But, differences between group were not significant for any traitindicating poor influence of male sterility inducing cytoplasm. However, significant differencesobserved in few A×R and B×R hybrids for mean performance might be attributed tocytoplasm × nuclear interactions.

VIII-13 COMBINING ABILITY EFFECTS ON YIELD ANDATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN BLACKGRAM [VIGNA MUNGO(L.)HEPPER]

T. Onkarappa, Hanumaraddy and H. H. SowmyaGKVK, UAS, [email protected]

Keywords: inheritance, gca effects, powdery mildew disease, genotypes.

The general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of hybrids wasassessed for reaction to powdery mildew disease and productivity per se traits. A total of49 genotypes, twelve parents, thirty two hybrids and five checks were evaluated in latekharif and rabi seasons. Significant mean sum of squares due to line × tester interactionindicated the significant differences among the lines and testers. Variances due to gcaeffects was more than that due to sca effects suggesting the involvement of additive geneaction in the inheritance of seed yield plant-1 and per cent disease index. The line TU 94–2 and the tester LBG17 identified as good general combiners for pods plant-1 and seedyield plant-1, pods plant-1, clusters plant-1, powdery mildew disease resistance respectively.The cross TU 94 – 2 × TAU 1 identified as good specific combiner for most of theproductivity per se traits.



221

VIII-14 IN-VITRO AND IN-SILICO EVALUATION OF EMBLICAOFFICINALIS (AMLA) FRUIT EXTRACT AND ITS GREEN-SYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES (AGNPS) ASNOVEL ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTICANCER AGENTS

Tamojit Santra, Pratik Das, Shreya Biswas, Samrat Paul, Piyali Basak*

Biomaterials, Cell culture and Microbiology Lab, School of Bioscience andEngineering, Jadavpur University, [email protected]

Keywords: Emblica officinalis, silver nanoparticles, antimicrobial, anticancer.

This examination was directed towards researching the in-vitro antimicrobial and anticanceractivities of biologically orchestrated silver nanoparticles from the aqueous fruit concentrateof Emblica officinalis, and correlating with the original extract. The nanoparticles werecharacterized through spectroscopy, FTIR, DLS-zeta and SEM. E. coli and S. aureuswere used for evaluating in-vitro antimicrobial activity. The in-vitro antioxidant activitywas determined through DPPH assay. In-vitro cytotoxicity assay was performed againstMCF-7 cell line and human PBMCs through MTT assay. Our virtual molecular dockingstudy suggests several bioactive compounds from E. officinalis have greater binding affinitytoward estrogen alpha receptor (1ERE) than tamoxifen.

222

VIII-15 EVALUATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PROMISINGHYBRID COMBINATION FOR COMMERCIAL sCULTIVATIONUNDER RAINFED SITUATION OF KARNATAKA

Yamanura and R Mohan KumarAll India Co-ordinated Research Project on Castor, Zonal Agricultural researchStation, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560 [email protected] , [email protected]

Keywords: Evaluation of hybrids, high seed yield, Heterosis and Promising crosscombination

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2018 at AICRP Castor, UAS, Bangalore,which included 14 castor hybrids with 2 checks replicated thrice in RCBD. Among thevarious genotypes evaluated significantly higher seed yield was recorded with ICH-866(3713.98 kg ha-1) and it was statistically superior over others. However, GCH-8(3159.84kg ha-1) and ICH-867 (3054.62 kg ha-1) were next in the order of merit. GCH-8 recorded significantly higher 100 seed weight (35.04 g) and was remain on par withICH-870 (33.26 g) and ICH-861(33.03 g). Number of capsules per primary spike andeffective primary spike length were higher with ICH-818 and GCH-8 over rest of thegenotypes under evaluation.



223

VIII-16 PREDICTION OF NUCLEOREDOXIN GENE INCICER ARIETINUM USING IN SILICO TECHNIQUES

Akshat Deovra, Chhaya Dhingra, Harshita Negi, Harshita Saxena, PrernaSabharwal, Ravpreet Kaur, Simran Gupta, Pallavi Somvanshi*Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, Plot No. 10,Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 *Corresponding authorEmail: [email protected]

Keywords: Nucleoredoxin, reactive oxygen species, Cicer arietinum, phylogeny

Cicer arietenum, the second-largest consumed legume in the world, face severe damageat the cellular level through persisting reactive oxygen species. Through these computationalapproaches, a remedial protein from the family of thioredoxins was nailed on the genomeof C. arietinum. The nucleoredoxin from Arabidopsis thaliana became the basis to studythe structural and functional aspects of the protein in chickpea. The functional domainswere identified, and the physicochemical parameters were computed. Upon analysis itwas observed that the subcellular localization narrowed to cytosol with the probability of99%. In order to track down the evolutionary pathway for nucleoredoxin protein, aphylogenetic tree was also constructed.

224

VIII-17 CONSERVED KARYOTYPIC ORTHOSELECTION INALOE VERA DIFFERING IN THEIR PLOIDY STATUS

Sarita Srivastava1, Surochita Basu2

1Department of Botany, Chaudhary Mahadeo Prasad College University ofAllahabad, Prayagraj-211001-UP 2Department of Botany, Tripura University,Tripura-799022

Key words: Aloe, polyploidy, bimodal karyotype, karyotypic orthoselection.

Genus Aloe (x=7); family Asphodeloideae, is a speciose succulent plant lineage, with 500species spread in tropics showing maximum diversity in habit and life forms. Despitewidespread distribution and morphological variations; it possesses highest karyotypicorthoselection with distinct bimodal karyotype. The present study is an insight intokaryomorphology of three accessions of Aloe vera at different ploidy level; with 2n=2X=14,2n=3X=21 and 2n=4X=28 chromosomes in diploid, triploid and tetraploid accessionsrespectively. This study characterizes the chromosomal variations in haploid, diploid andtetraploid cytotypes of Aloe vera with respect to their ploidy level and also shows thathighest degree of bimodal karyotype orthoselection is related to the advancement in thekaryotype.



225


Bangalore

V

LIST OF

PAST SECTIONAL PRESIDENTS


227

Year Name

1914 C C Calder

1915 CA Barber

1916 A Howard

1917 Rai Bahadur K Ranga Achari

1918 R S Hole

1919 G F Keatinge

1919 S R Kashyap

1920 D Clouston

1920 W Burns

1921 S Milligan

1922 W Dudgeon

1924 S P Agharkar

1925 R S Inamdar

1926 E Blatter

1927 M A Sampath Kumaran

1928 M O Parthasarathy Iyengar

1929 K C Mehta

1930 P Parija

1931 T Ekambaram

1932 Haraprasad Chaudhuri

PAST SECTIONAL PRESIDENTS

1933 S L Ghose

1934 R H Dastur

1935 J M Mitter

1936 S R Bose

1937 M G Champion

1938 B Sahni

1939 Krishnadas Bagchee

1940 Y Bharadwaja

1941 Shri Ranjan

1942 J C Sen Gupta

1943 K Biswas

1944 T S Sabnis

1945 G P Majumdar

1946 B P Pal

1947 A C Joshi

1948 K A Chaudhury

1949 M S Randhawa

1950 P Maheshwari

1951 B B Mundkur

1952 S Ramanujam

1953 R K Saksena

228

1954 B C Kundu

1955 J C Sen Gupta

1956 M Sayeeduddin

1957 S N Das Gupta

1958 T S Sadasivan

1959 R Misra

1960 S K Pande

1961 P N Mehra

1962 J Venkateswarlu

1963 S M Sircar

1964-1965 Father H Santapau

1966 T S Mahabale

1967 R N Tandon

1969 P N Nandi

1970 H K Baruah

1971 B M Johri

1971 V Puri

1972 R P Roy

1973 A K Sharma

1974 R N Singh

1975 C V Subramanian

1976 K S Thind

1977 K K Nanda

1978 D D Pant

1979 S B Saksena

1980 H Y Mohan Ram

1981 V R Dhyansagar

1982 T N Khoshoo

1983 M S Chennaveeraiah

1984 Deepesh N De

1985 Syama Pada Sen

1986 L P Mall

1987 K S Bilgrami

1988 S S Bir

1989 R P Purukayastha

1990 Y D Tiagi

1991 G P Agarwal

1992 R M Pai

1993 R S Dwivedi

1994 Dalbir Singh

1995 C P Malik

1996 S C Pandeya

1997 R S Mehrotra

1998 A K Koul

107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020List of Past Sectional Presidents


229

1999 S K Hasija

2000 Uma Kant

2001 G N Bhattacharya

2002 C Manoharachary

2003 P S Bisen

2004 C M Govil

2005 R C Rajak

2006 S P Vij

2007 S M Reddy

2008 S V S Chauhan

2009 S M Paul Khurana

2010 Pramod Tandon

2011 T N Lakhanpal

2012 P C Trivedi

2013 U.C.Lavania

2014 S.P.Khullar

2015 A.K.Pandey

2016 D.K.Maheshwari

2017 V.P.Singh

2018 Akhilesh K Pandey

2019 Seshu Lavania


231


Bangalore

VI

AUTHORS INDEX


233

AUTHORS INDEX

NameA. A. MaoA. ArunprasathA.B. DasA.C.ShuklaA.G. JadhavA.K. JaitlyA.KavithaA.LokhoA.M. DeshmukhA.M. WankhadeA.Roja RaniA.VijayalakshmiAbhaya Kumar SahuAbhiroop DanAbrar Ahmad KhanAjey Karan ChaudhariAkanksha PriyaAkshay Kumar PradhanAkshat DeovraAleya SiddiqueeAlka Pandey

Allam Vijaya Bhasker ReddyAlmasAnand Kumar ChaudhariAnand PandeyAndleeb ZehraAnil PrakashAnish ChakrabortyAnshu WaliAnuja BothraAnupam DikshitAnupam SinhaAparajita DeAparna PareekArchan Kanti DasArchanaArkapriya BhattacharyyaArshika SrivastavaArunava GoswamiArunima KonwarArup Kumar MitraAsha B.KadamAsha Gupta

234

Ashok KumarAshok Kumar PatelAshwani SharmaAshwini ThatikondaAwadhesh KumarAyushee RathB R ChaudharyB. A KarleB. Lalitha KumariB. P. MishraB. PoojaB. RameshB. S. ManojBaljinder KaurBasant SinghBasanta Kumar DasBasudev MandalBeda Saurav BeheraBhabatosh Mittra Biju DharmapalanBiswarupa GhoshC. ManoharacharyC.B. NirmalaChhaya Dhingra

Chinmay PradhanChinta SudhakarD. Sai kumariD.D. PandeyD.K.UpretiD.V.Surya PrakashDaizy R. BatishDara Singh GuptaDebabrata SahaDebajyoti DasDebashis BanerjiDebashree KakatiDebjani DuttaDebonna DuttaDeep Chandra TiwariDeepu VijayanDevendra Kumar PandeyDhanesh KumarDharmendra SinghDhiraj KumarDhiraj VyasDhruba Jyoti MajiDinesh Kumar MaheshwariDinesh Kumar Yadav

107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020Authors Index


235

Dyutika BanerjeeE. S. ReddyG. B.KaleG. P.UndirwadeG. Prabhakara RaoG.B. KulkarniGargi PrasadH. H.SowmyaH.S.Yogeesh NaikH.SahaH.V.ChaithraHarshita NegiHarshita SaxenaHanumaraddyHarminder P. SinghHima VaderaHimanshi GuptaHina MohamedHridi HalderHumera ShabnamI.D. BhattImtiyaz Hussain ZahidIsha BhatIsha Verma

J. BasuJ.P.YadavJacob ThomasJatin Kumar PradhanJay PandyaJaya DwivediJitendra NawangeJyoti KumarK.DharmarK.BiswasK.Muruli MohanK.R.SoumyaK.Arulmeha PonradhaK.G. BanuprakashK.H. DhanyalakshmiK.N.NatarajaK.P.RagupathiK.V.MadhusudhanKanchan JoshiKaushlesh PathakKavita ChaudharyKheta RamKoushiki DasKrishna Pyare

236

Kumar VimalL.Mutyala NaiduL.C.KulkarniLakhya Jyoti GogoiLalit SinghLovely SinghM. KamalapriyaM. AnjaliM. ArunaM.K. SharmaM. Krishna RaoM.P.Mrudul LalM. SavithaM. SilpaM.P. YeshikaM.S. ManmohanMaanyata TiwariMadhumita MaitraMadhura MondalMahendra NawangeMaheshaNandManaswi RaniManishaManjeet Shingh

Manjula RanganathaManjula RathodManoj Ranjan SinhaManorma KumariManu KhajuriaMasood AkhtarMd. Sarfaraz AhmadMeena VangalapatiMeenakshi GargMeenu DeviMeenu VermaMitali BaruaMK SharmaMoh Sajid AnsariMohammad HarisMohammed YaseenMoni GuptaMukesh Kumar MeenaN. B. GaikwadN. S. ShekhawatN. SathyanaraynaN. SavithrammaN.K. DubeyNabanita Chakraborty



237

Nadana Raja Vadivu GanapathyNagashree N RaoNalini PandeyNamita KumariNamita YadavNarpat S. ShekhawatNataraja N. KarabaNaveen GoelNavi RanjanNavneet KourNawal Kishore DubeyNayan GhoshNazishNazneen SheikhNeeti SaxenaNeha KeralNeha LukoseNeha SharmaNurpen M ThangjamOnkar Nath BarhwaliaP. BhowmikP. DubeyP. GiridharP.Chaya

P.S. KastePadma SharmaPallavi SomvanshiPingali ManasaPinky RaihingPiyali BasakPooja ChakPooja SharmaPrabhjot KaurPrakash R. PatelPranab GiriPrasanjit MukherjeePrasoon GuptaPratik DasPratima MathadPrativa DekaPratyusha AdakPraveen K AgrawalPreeti MishraPremchand B. SirsatPrerna SabharwalPriyanka MaitiPriyanka SinghPunam Kumari

238

R C SrivastavaR. Mohan KumarR. R. RaoR. SanthoshkumarR.B. YadavR.C. GuptaR.K. DixitR.M. BanikR.S. SajeevanR.VijayalakshmiRafiuddin NaserRajani KumariRajesh AroraRajesh KumarRajeshwari MishraRamakant PandeyRamendra K. TiwariRamesh Chandra DubeyRamya Kuber BanothRana Pratap Singh,Rani RupmatiRanjan Kumar MannaRanjay Kumar TiwariRavpreet Kaur

Richard A MacKenzieRidhi JoshiRisheek Rahul KhannaRishikesh MeenaRizwan KhanRohan DanS. AnkannaS. Monica NissyS. N. GhaitS. N. PandeyS. P. DesaiS. R. BiradarS. R. YadavS. RajashekaraS. RajeswariS.A. NishaS.K .BarikS.K. ReddyS.K. VermaS.NatarajanS.R. NawangeSachin GuptaSahadev SharmaSahesta Ekram



239

Saima MalikSamiullah KhanSamrat PaulSanjay GuleriaSanjay V. KambleSanjeev Kumar VidyarthiSankranthi SumhithaSarita SrivastavaSaroj DubeySatakshi BasuSaurabh KumarSayani MukherjeeSeshu LavaniaShailesh MehtaShanti S. SharmaSharad BissaSharada SeekondaSharmita GuptaShashank K SinghShashiprabhaShikha MathurShilpee DhaliShouvik BhattacharyaShreya Biswas

Shreyans ChatterjeeShreyashi PahariShreyoshi ChakrabortyShubhashree MahalikShubhrajyoti PandaSimran GuptaSmita JainSoham BiswasSomali MukherjeeSonalSonia RatheeSoumendra DarbarSoumya Ranjan NayakSristisri UpadhyayaSubham Jyoti BiswasSubham SahaSudhansu Sekhar RathSudhir KumarSumesh C. ChhabraSurendra Kr. PrasadSurochita BasuSurya Mani KumarSushant RamSwagatam Maity

240

Swati Celia TopnoSweta KumariSweta SainT. OnkarappaT. PullaiahT.SundariTamojit SantraTanmay RathiTariq AftabTeerna BhowmickTetsuro MimuraU. B. DeshmukhUmesh C LavaniaUpasana GhoshUttam S. SalveV. B. ChavanV. BalakrishnanV. J. Dhole


V. Mary KensaV.R. SumithaVaishali GuptaVeena SatyaVidya PatniVikas SharmaVinay SharmaVinod KumariVishnu Shankar SinhaY. VimalaY.L. KrishnamurthyY.P. SinghYamanuraYamini DashoraYogesh Kumar SharmaZainab ZafarZeenat Parveen

Plant science

Documents

Transcript of Plant science