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News & ReviewsGAMES NEWS 1 8Its cartoon capers t ime as Mic k eyMouse and Popeye turn up among theusual aliens and some nasty robotsVIDEO SCREENS 2 2The galaxy is torn by co11113C1 as Achvi-soon and Alan battle to produce the firstVCS vers ion o f Star RaidersREVIEWS 7 6Our revamped rev iew pages mark upthe best and worst of the games soft-ware releasesARCADE ACTION 7 8its seconds out as /Cid Kangamos Montpulls her gloves on And creepte-craw-he haters will love our Centipede tips.NEXT MONTH 5Our last words on that World Cupprove to be accurate ones

STAR WAR 3 2Piloting a rebel ship through a meteor storm is difficult enough — butwhen you've got an Empire starlighter blasting away at you too —almost impossible! Take off for the stars in your AtomCOLDITZ • , 36The name strikes terror into the heart. It's the ultimate prison. No-onecan ever escape Or can they? Here's your chance to make a bid forfreedom — with the help of your TRS-80.FOX AT DUSK , . . . . . . 4 0Wily old Reynard the Fox is on the prowl around your ZOOM. You arethe Master of the 7.3C hunt — can you trap the brush-tailed bandit.

4 1 1 1 .1 1 1 r -

SEPTEMBER 1982 No. 11

T h i s i s T r o n t h e s t r ik in g ch a ra cte rw h o s t a rs i n W a l tDisney's latest science fiction blockbuster of the same name.

Listings More about him and the film inside ,

PACMAN 5 4The greedy gobbler comes to colourful hie with the help of your

ALIEN LEMMINGS . 5 7Here they come - the lit t le furry aliens rac ing towards ult imateextinction. We know our readers are conservation mmded — so allyou Apple owners get together and help save the alien lemming —quickly before it's too late!

DIAMOND DRAUGHTS 4 2No little green men. No meteor storms. No noisy laser blasts. This is agame for al l you quiet Spectrum owners out there who fancy apeaceful board game for a change.CODEBREAKER 4 6Can you keep a secret? Your mission, should you chose to accept it. Isto crack the hidden code using your trusty PerBOMBER 5 0Beware the bouncing bombs. The hopping horrors will wipe you outwithout mercy unless you keep ducking and weaving with your Atari400M I N I - D E F E N D E RArcade action on your DE81 - and all in Just IK!

Cover: Wee Disney Productions

53

Light 11:1 1 . 11 1 1 .1n t J

The s hape of fi lms to c ome —that's Tron, the latest eye-dazzling epic from the Wa ltDisney studios. It's a magicaladventure into the world ofcomputers — a nd includessequences animated by com-puter. We asked our Amer-ican fr ie nd Fre d D'Ignazioto give us the run down onthe movie whic h wi l l rankwith Star Wars and Star Trekas a sc i -fi classic. His de -tailed article on the makingof Tron appears on page 70of this issue. Th e r e are s omeexciting stills from the fi lmto give of taste of what you'llsee on the big screen.

There's also an explorationinto the unknown as Dav idLangford toys with antimat-ter on page 28.

Features 1MAILBAG 7More news and viewsCOMPETITION • 1 2We could bring your dream game tolife

5 n rs sa me r t rea in li nes -the eridgame25

g R yCl f e lobelY

Life cellsTTER 2 8

V i Tin t or d bo ld ly goes where

other programmers fear to treadPRACTICAL PROGRAM-MING 6 2Interaction and communication.

6 52.9n Scartl sbows Low to get a pro-gram to play the gameADVENTURE. . 6 6Keith Campbell louts the Bucketeers

W g k i g r D abaly ies- , h e C h P 2problemTRON7 0We look a l th.e- W a r t b l i n eY h i ni s et

inside a games computer which is dostined to spark off a cult.

T KORNER 7 3Chips with everything.GRAPHICS 8 1Carry Marshall on mic ros for graphicsBRAINW ARE 8 2SOFTWARE GLOSSARY 83HARDCORE • _ 8 4A games player s crinae to the M • KlIK

Editor Terry Pran Sta ff Write r EllgODC la cy Editoria l assistant Susan LTaitisp.A.. Design Linda Freeman. Production editor Tim Meicade.Advertisement manager rt ... “aerts. Advertismg executive Neil Wood Advertisement azeletaint Louise flock hart Publishe r Tom Moloney

Editorial sald advertisement offices, Durram House. ti I-lethal Hill. London Lk: I R 518. 'Fieleptione tUitorwi 01-278 Obbb Advertunng 01-278 6552COMPUTER M I D VIDEO GAMES POSTAL susscsuvrioN SERVICE. By a im the special Postal Subscription Service. COP105 of COMPUTER AND VIDEO GAMES can be mailed direct fromow offices each month to any address throughout the world Al l subscopitosi applications should be sent for processing to COMPUTER AND VIDEO a l m a iSubscription Department).Competition House F a r-T u d o r R o a d M a r k e d H a r b o to u g h L e i c es t e r s hi r e AR a ld er s s ho ul d i nc lu de the a pp ro pn at e r em it ta nc e made payable to commits AND VIDEO GAMES Animal

subscription rotes 112 mi.u,ap U K and Eire 1 0 00 Overseas suriace mail i12 00 Airmail Europe kap lxi Additional service intormaboo includigt individual overseas airmail tales available Jponrequest. Circulation Department EM AP National Publications Published and distributed by EMAP National Publications Ltd Printed by Eden Fisher (Southend) Lunged

d, Computer & Video Games Limited ISSN 0261 3691

COMPUTEH V I D E O GAMES 3

ciTRS 80EGENIE SOFTWARE

from the professionals

Fantastic new fl ying simulationOccasiona lly a p rog ram co m e s a lo n g o f su ch m a g n it u d e t h a t i t i s h a rd t o d e scrib e i t , e sp e cia lly w it h in t h e space a llo wa b le i n a n

advert isement J u m b o is such a p rog ram T h e r e have, o f cou rse , b e e n fl yin g sim u la t io n p ro g ra m s be fo re , b u t t h e y h a ve a ll ra t h e r f a lle ninto the t rap of t ryin g to produce a g ra p h ic representa t ion of the g round at some stage or o ther in the program, t h u s taking up space. a n d Hothey h a ve concent ra ted o n t h e sin g le a ct o f fl yin g I n o t h e r w o rd s, a lt h o u g h o n e g e t s t h e f e e lin g o f fl y in g a Sf ria ll a ircra f t , o n e i s n o tgoing anywhere .

Jumbo is a la n ta st ica lly accura te sim u la t ie n o t fl yin g a Bo e in g 747 T h e se p lanes a re no t sm a ll . a n d a re no t fl o w n b y e ye T h e y a refl own b y e ye s a n d in st ru m e n t s, a n d t h e in st ru m e n t g ra p h ics i n t h is sim u la t io n a r e re a l ly fi r s t cla ss A s yo u m a y kn o w , t h e p r im a ryinst rumen t of an a ircra f t is the art itocia l ho rizon T h i s is sim u la ted ve ry w e ll, and in clu d e s inst rum en t la n d in g approach in d ica t o rs Gra p h icmaps of ve ry h igh qua lit y a re produced and it is possib le to fl y in a ll Of the Br i t ish I sle s in clu d in g Southern I re la n d . and t o Ne w Yo rk o n theEaste rn U S se a b o a rd T h e a ct u a l a irp o r t s a re a t L o n d o n . Birm in g h a m , M a n ch e st e r . Pre st w ick, Ed in b u rg h . Be lf a st . Sh a n n o n a n dNew Yo rk

The p rogram wa s writ t e n b y t wo au thors who com b ined t h e ir point sk i l ls t o produce a un ique p iece of so llw a re T h e p ro g ra m m e r g o lthe last b yt e ot perfo rmance out o f the mach ine and th e p ilo t t h e last d ro p o f a u th e n t icit y ou t o f t h e sim u la t ion O t h e r sim u la t io n p ro g ra m sproduce at beat a sim ila r it y towards fl yin g W i t h Ju m b o you re a lly feel tha t you a re beh ind the con t ro ls

The au thers have used a number Of g im m icks and p ro g ra m m in g lechn iqueS F o r instance , I t is possib le to swit ch on an au tomat ic p ilo tand t o lu m p fo rwa rd in t im e in increm en ts o f one m inu te o r one h o u r — o th e rwise of cou rse a fl ig h t f ro m London t o New Yo rk o r vice ve rsawou ld take some 8 hours to sim u la te . Wh i ls t in t h is t im e Skip t h e va rio u s Controls a re le f t a s they a re bu t f u e l consumpt ion a n d d istance t ogo a re taken fo rwa rd a l t h e ir co rrect ra te

A ch a rt is su p p lie d con ta in ing va rio u s it e m s o f da ta w h ich yo u w i l l need, in clu d in g t h e take •o t i d a ta f o r a la 7 w it h va r io u s lake-Of twe igh ts, fl a p re t ract ions, c l im b and Cruise speeds and descent d istances.

Realising tha t no t eve rybody can fl y a 742 and t h a t t h e re is e ve n a la rg e p ropo rt ion o f M e popu la t ion t h a t canno t fl y a n yth in g , t w oimportan t it e m s of assistance have been added F i r s t o f a ll is t h e documentat ion T h i s is sp lit in t o Iwo pa rt s T h e second is a • •manualfl yin g the 747. I n o ther words, the inst ruct iOns to r ru n n in g t h e p rog ram T h e fi rst p a rt , however, is what am oun ts to an in st ru ct io e manua lfor fl y in g I t assum es th a t t h e u se r kn o w s no th ing about a ircra f t a r id a lthough w e do no t p u rp o rt tha t i t g e ls anybody u p t o a n y So rt Otstandard a f te r i t has been assim ita led , t h e reader shou ld h a ve su ffi cie n t knowledge o f 'eying and the theo ry Of fl ig h t t o fl y in t h e p ro g ra mitse lf T h e second feature of assistance lo the novice p ilo t is a feature in the p rogram wh ich enab les the use r t o p ract ice la n d in g s W h e n M eprogram i s sta rt e d , i f o n e p re sse s t h e P ke y . t h e a ircra f t i s a u t o m a t ica lly p u t i t m i l e s Ou t Prom L o n d o n Ai r p o r t a p p ro a ch in g On a nInst rument la n d in g

The con t ro ls a re p re t t y w e l l comple te , even t o d ive and wh e e l b ra ke s. T h e fl yin g t ra ck m a y b e co n t in u o u sly m on ito red o n t h e m a pd isp la y. Be a rin g and d istance to you r in tended po in t of la n d in g a re ava ilab le a ll the lim e . Th e inst rum en ts in cid e n t a l ly . consist o f

Indicated a irspeed T u r n in d ica to r E l a p s e d Distance to land ing

lim elAt t it u d eArt ifi cia l ho rizon

Aile ro n ind ica tOrs C o m p a s s

Power se t t ing F l a p ind ica to r P a t e o f clim bEleva to rs A l t i m e t e r

Sus m aps m a y be chosen. a s fo llowsScotland, No rthe rn En g la n d , Southern En g la n d , I re la n d . Easte rn U S A , Th e who le Of t h e U .K

Route in fo rmat ion and p resen t posit ion a re shOwn on the map d isp layed I t is ve ry d if fi cu lt to t h in k o t a n y lactOr tha t t h e au tho rs Maw,ove rlooked . Eve n the qu ite meaningt ul t h in n in g of the a ir w it h in cre a sin g he ight , w h ich g re a t ly a f fects the a irspeed in d ica to r in re a l hoe i btaken in t o conside ra t ion R a t h e r t h a n h a vin g a fi xe d st a llin g Speed, t h is co n t in u o u sly changes w it h t h e fl ig h t confi gu ra t ion , t h e we ig h the ight and power se t t ing , aga in as it does in rea l lit e

We l ike t o t h in k t h a t w e p u b lish good p ro g ra m s. Ju m b o i s o u t sta n d in g . I t i s a va ila b le o n t a p e o r d i s k f o r 1 8 K o r 3 2 K m e m o rymach ines. I t is com pa t ib le w it h the M ode l la n d M o d e l i l l Ta n d y. vid e o Gen ie , Gen ie la n d G e n i e I I m a c h i n e sTape . . . . . . E 1 5 . 0 0 + V A T E 1 7 . 2 5

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4 COMPUTER & VIDEO GAMES

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N E I " w i t h o ld copies o fComputer & Videoa O S T M Games& They don'tj m a k e v e r y g o o dpaper hats and are not particularlyadept at jamming delinquent Ram-packs into place.

So why not keep them for futurereference in a bright glossy bindercomplete with a Computer & VideoGames logo.

Then when you want to look backand rel ive you r favouri te Bugsscript, or check up on that obscurecompany w h i c h p ro d u ce s aspeech-synthesising joystick for theUK 101, which we mentioned inHardcore, then you w i l l have aready l ibrary o f neatly packagedC&VG issues, looking as good asthe day you picked them off yournewsagent's shelf. More details anda form to fill in on page 17.• Don't be ashamed o f the bugsthat find their way into your pro-grams. take them out w i th you.Computer & Video Games is theonly magazine which can put a Bugon your chest. We have a new linein T-shirts which feature a rampag-:ng Bug, behaving in the manner wehave come to expect from Scream-ing foul-up. Turn to page 17 to seewhat awaits your chest.

A Sharp Defendergame whic h ha sproduced "Ooohs"and "Aaahs" o f de-light i n the C&VG

office when we tried it out, wil l begracing our October issue. This isthe issue which puts the capital Gback in the games section o f ourmagazine • and we think we havepicked out 10 games which wi l lprove an inspiration to all our aspir-ing programmers.

October is also the last issue o fentries eligible for our programmerof the year competition and thestandard should prove pretty high.So please write in and let us knowwhich game gets your vote.

Also for perusal next month, i sSpace Watch, a game which takes avery different look at invaders from

outer space t y o u have tobefriend them! Wi i t ever catchon?

Wild Strawberries is the namegiven to a version o f Alien Panic,Kamikaze send the invaders intoshutes but can you keep them bot-tled up?

There's a competition for those of

Not getting a regular copy ofComputer & Video Games ehlHow do you expect your micro towork proper if you aren't readingthe magazine every issue? Andyou with a nice litt le computerlike that too.

It would be a real shame i fanything should happen to it.Vulnerable things computers —especially if someone should startpoking them around. S'pose oneday you dropped a line into yourcomputer and didn't get a bytehuh?

Of course, I can't promise that ifyou had a regular copy of C&VCon order, your rampack wouldmysteriously stop wobbling over-night b u t who can tell eh ,

Just fi ll in the coupon, right, orI'll let you see your sister again,you know what I mean?

you w h o hav e r e a d th is is sue'spiece on Tron and can't wait to findout more about this amazing film.

All this just one month away..

ap How did you fare in

N1111 o u r World Cup Com-petition? To predict aTu 71 1 , 2 , 3 o f Ita ly, We stGermany and Polandyou needed clairvoyance ratherthan a football brain.

But th e Wo r l d Cup Managergame we featured in our June issuedid have some measure of successin predicting the results individuallyas l isteners to London's CapitalRadio may iheady have heard.

A fe w b r i e f al terations weremade to the game, which runs on aSharp MZ-80K, to enable i t to playany one-off game. Then it was sentalong to Capital Radio's Eustonoffices to have the squads and tac-tics of each team keyed in and thegames played out to give a predic-tion of the result, the mornings be-fore the games were played.

Name

Address

r— — — - — - - — ---• - - -

To my newsagent: Please deliver,I reserve me a copy of Computerand Video Games every month.Price 75p.

-

Capital reporter Rob MacKenziewas given the job o f running thegames through the Sharp and heclaims a 75 percent success rate onthe resu l ts , i f n o t t h e actua lscorelines.

"We took an average over tengames and had a fairly high level ofsuccess. Our most memorable suc-cess was the Brazil-Russia gamewhen, not only did we get the resultright, but we also predicted the lategoal."

BUGS BEATEN!A BBC Microcomputer has beenwon b y Kevin Williams o f SuttonColdfield, West Midlands in ourBeat the Bugs Competition pub-lished in our June issue.

Readers were asked to write aprogram to solve the puzzle whichwas given away free wit the maga-zine in the shortest time possible.Kevin managed to beat al l otherentrants with a program wr itten onhis Acorn Atom which beat the Bugsin the incredible time o f less thanone second.

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Do you have a software problem?Talk to our S o i twar e Depa r tm en t a n d we will wr tie y ou. w o gr am for y ou

MI programs written in Microsoft BASIC o r tilts Man 800Compute,

ROYALTYRIGHTS . . .Dear Sir,Could you please tell mewhat the going royalty ratesare for ZXBI programssubmitted to large ZXsoftware companies, inparticular the companieswhich produce 16K Basicgames on cassette?

Also could you put that intomonetary terms after say1,000 cassettes had beensold.Richard Hessler,Bonnyngg.Edinburgh.

Editor's reply: Royalty ratesvary, depending on thesoftware house y ou dealwith, but a reasonableaverage seems to be 15percent.

I f 1,000 cassettes are soldat £5.00 plus VAT, mycalculator works this out a t£750. But a sale of 1,000 isstill very rare for anycassette.

VARIABLERICKMANDear Sir.After playing the excellentMinotaur program on myVIC-20, I decided to have ago at converting the Petprogram called Puckman torun on my VIC.

A change was made to afew variables, the layout ofthe maze, and I left out thelengthy instructions so that itwould fit inside 3.5K.

The program ran, but sooncrashed after a few loops ofthe game, with an "Out ofmemory error" message.

On inspection of theoriginal listing lines 250 and350 use "go to's" to exit froma "gosub" routine and a"goto" is used to re-run theprogram, to keep the topscore intact The solution wasto change all the gosubs to

gotos, and it worked.Another problem I

encountered turned out to bea bug in my VIC, whereVAL(TIS) was used in lines 50and 60. An '1.0 ' symbolfl ickered in the top left handcomer of the screen (whenthe screen colour was black).but this was cured bychanging VAL(TIS) to TI andmultiplying the associatedvariables by 60 (Jiffies).

To make the game morerealistic. I have used the userdefined graphic capabilitiesof the VIC, with good results,and all that is left now is toprogram some sounds into it.

May I just say how much Ilook forward to yourmagazine each month, andhope that the above tipsmight help other 'TIC users.

I would also like to know ifit would lie possible toproduce a badge and teeshirtwith Computer and VideoGames logo, not forgettingthe lovable Bugs, for all yourreaders to wear?Michael Maxwell,Andover.Hampshire.

Editor's reply: Our thanks toMichael and the otherreaders who havereproduced our Pet gameslistings in VIC-20 form. 1hope we can get around toprinting them all one day.

Many of our readers havebeen asking about T-shirts.Just turn to page 17 of thisissue where y ou'l l findall the d e t a i l s .

Please drop us a line at: Computer and Video Games. EMAP, Durrant House. 8 Herbal Hill, London ECM 5J13

SUBMARINECHALLENGEDear Sir.In the April edition of C&VGyou printed a game calledSub-Attack for the VIC-20and said the highest score sofar was 1100. Afterprogramming my VIC-20, Imanaged to reach a score of2,420 points. Has any otherVIC owner managed to beatthis score?Christopher Hazel',Rochester,Kent.

RAINBOWCHASERSDear Sir.Quite a lot of arcade playersknow how to get a "Rainbow"on Space Invaders, but someof us can go one better_ A500 bonus "Rainbow" isachieved on the Part 11machines by leaving the fiveleft side invaders to last andthen shooting them in a top tobottom order.

But an 800 bonus score canbe notched up by shootingthe same five invaders in theorder: second row. third row,fourth row, fifth row, first row.This is also known as a"spray", I hope you areinterested.

My latest high scores are:Missile Command. 5,880,050;Scramble 911,500: Enigma II590,250; S p a c e Fire Bad

198,620: God 205,190; andLunar Rescue 450,010.

Keep up the good work. Ilike Arcade Action and I lookforward to reading it everymonth.

The front covers are veryeye-catching.Martin Lund,Pinham Road,Skipton,North Yorks

M A M EQUERYDear SirCould you please tell mewhere I would be able toobtain a Quadcube, youfeatured in your April edition_Richard Buthn,Heysham,Lancashire,Editor's reply: A Quadcubecan be obtained fromsoftware specialistsWorkforce which is basedat 140 Wilsden Avenue,Luton, Bedfordshire. Thetelephone number is Luton418577.

MORE GAMESON THE WAYDear Sir,Could you please print someinteresting games for the ZXSpectrum — I know that onlya few are available at themoment but by the timeAugust's issue of yourmagazine is on the streetsmany more people shouldhave received theirs.Mark McLeanFarehamHampshireEditor's reply: We didmanage to get our first ZXSpectrum game in time forthe August issue, Ma rk andYou also find DiamondDraughts in this month'soffering. We hope to keepthe Spectrum games comingin the future w a t c h outfor Space Watch, nextmonth.

COMPUTER & VIDEO GAMES 7

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SATISFIEDCUSTOMERDear Sir,I'd like, through your pages,to send a thank-you to one ofyour advertisers, Drt ro rucsof Great Yarmouth. My sonsent off for their keyboard forthe 1X81. When thekeyboar&DEBI combinationdidn't work properly, Iposted it to DK'tronics whopromptly returned it mperfect working order.

To my delight the repairwas made free of charge —although it seems that thefault lay in a joint that waspoorly soldered at theSinclair factory.

Incidentally, if any readeris considering an add-onkeyboard for the DC.81 and iswomed about having toperform the necessarysoldering, just do what I did.Visit your local TV rentalshop, go round the back doorto have a word with one ofthe technicians and get abeautiful job done for thepnce of a drink!R. Millington.Kingston,Surrey

THE DATADEBATE . .Dear Sir,Many of your readers musthave blushed with shame, asI did, on reading your rep lyto 13-year-old MasterSacaloff. The idea that the721031 puts data from a REM inline 1 into a special buffermay be interesting but it ispure fantasy (a polite wordfor rubbish).

He will not have to readmany of the excellent bookson the market to discoverthat there is no such bufferand that the Z.X.81 treats line 1in exactly the same way asevery other line.

What you should have toldhim is that he is absolutelyright and that the computerdoes indeed ignorestatements in a REM and so itdoes not know that there isany machine code there untilyou tell it so by using the USRfunction.

Since the first line of anyprogram, no matter what itsnumber, always begins at

address 16509 and since thefirst four bytes are taken upby the line number and linelength, and the fifth will bethe word REM itself, the datastarts at address 16514.

The command RAND USR16514 tells the computer to goto that address and to treatwhat it finds there as machinecode which is exactly whathe wants. In fact machinecode can be put in a REM inany line so long as one canfind its address (and thereare several ways of doingthat).Dr. L. F. W. Rowe,Exeter, Devon.

Editor's reply: Dr. Rowe, isof course right. My originalexplanation had the fault ofover-simplification. The"buffer" that I was referringto, in fact, started atlocation 16514! This seemedto me the simplest way of

PUNKFIFINF- r

WHAT, NOCARTOON!

explaining things as I didnot want to get involvedwith how the DC81 actuallystored a program — thatwould take quite a lengthyarticle to do it justice, andjust to confuse matters, theSpectrum is more thansubtly different!

You were also quite rightabout the machine codedata going anywhere in aprogram — and you rightlypointed out that there areways of accessing the rightaddress. Again this is amore difficult problem forsome of our readers andsimplification, as long as itis not misleading, issometimes better than along and too technicalanswer.

MONKEYBUSINESS

HAAN,Dear Sir.What happened to August'sArcade Action pages? Iturned to them as usual formy monthly laugh at IanSemen's delightful cartoonsand what d id h in d . . . ? Nocartoon!

Has Mr Bennett run out ofideas so soon? I f so perhaps Icould encourage him bypraising his Asteroids cartoonin the June issue. It reducedmyself a n d a fewcolleagues with a similarsense of humour — to tears.Trevor Ruddick,Slough,Berkshire.Editor's reply: No, Ianhasn't run out of ideas MrRuddick. It's just thatoccasionally we run out of

space on our Arcade Actionpages. To prove that Ian isstill taking a humorous lookat the arcade scene, I haveincluded the cartoon whichwas pulled out of ourAugust issue. I hope itraises a few chuckles!

•

Dear Sir,Regarding your Donkey Kongtips in the June issue I wassuprisect to see a veryimportant tip left out. On thethird screen a player shouldgo to the top of the secondset of ladders jump out anylift wait about two seconds t illhis jumping foot clears the

first platform and then jumponto the second platform, thisdoes not result in a longplunge to the bottom as youmight suspect it to but youwill land safely on the ledge.

This comes in handy onhigher levels as you get ahigher bonus and avoiddodging the oncomingsprings.John Dickson,Cumberland Road,London

SNAKES FANSPEAKS OUTDear Sir,Thank you for an excellentmagazine which I read avidlyevery month. And thank-youto A. Wora l for the lovelySnakes and Ladders programin your July issue.

I would like to suggest,however, that a simpleamendment to one programline makes the players easierto follow as they movearound the board bydisplaying them on the targetsquare before moving themup a ladder or down a snake.Simply change line 210 to 210Z=BBR;GOS.v;GOS.CY-BB11.;BBR=Z;GOS.u;BBR=Y

I am presently awaitingdelivery of a BBC ROM forthe Acorn Atom and willhopefully send you someprograms written with it —when it eventually arrives.Adrian Pegg,Sun Street,Derby

MICROS MAKENICER FOLKDear Sir,Is the micro businessdifferent? I live out in thewilds of Cumbria, so all myproblems and enquiries aresorted out by telephone.

And, what do I come upagainst, no not indifference,but keen interest andpoliteness, and even humour,at times for questions of nomonetary rewards.

My special thanks to Stackof Liverpool, and AngloAmerican of Birmingham.

If this is what having acomputer means, then longmay you a ll prosper.A. C. Poole,Ambleside,Cumbria

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PLEA FROMTHE ATARIDear Sir.May I first congratulate youon the content, value formoney and the informatton onvideo games provided byyour excellent magazinewhich I have taken from issuenumber one.

However, as an Atari 400owner I have one complaint. IFeel that the monthly gamesprogram for the Atmis areslowly deteriorating_

In fact the last twopublished, i.e. Double Barreland Bomg, are an insult to thecapabilities of an Atari.

In times likes these whereW. H. Smith bookracks offerfive or six mags per month

solely for Sinclair owners(and several other mags thattend to favour Acorn. BBC,VIC etc.), don't you think youcould provide a little moreinterest for the minority?

Come on Cei1/0 let's havemore interesting listings up tothe standard of "Mini Golf'and "Changing Hearts". Arewe Atari owners to bepenalised and neglected forbuying American?Enc Bacon.Worksop,Nottinghamshire.

Editor's reply: As youpointed out Eric, the Atarihas had some good longgames published for it inCailfa We do try andachieve a balance byoffering a few shorterprograms for Atari ownerswho cannot find the time totype out a massive listing.

But perhaps the mostimportant point I can makefrom your letter, is that thismagazine is only as good asits contributors — in thiscase that means A ta ri

owners who are willing tosend in games listings.

We pay £10 for eachpublished listing and thereis a chance for readers tobe entered for our Game ofthe Year Competition —first prize being a trip fortwo to Paris complete withspending money. You stillhave two months to enter.

THE NEWS ISAT FAULTDear Data Manipulator,I would like to say what aninvader-zapping piece ofliterature your magazine is.

1 have scanned throughsome other computermagazines but only a fewhave been anywhere near

your standard. The rest havebeen calculated as beingprocessed garbage!

I especially like the GamesNews bit.

But may I point out oneslight fault — only on a fewof the games in this sectiondo you express your opinion.You could try putting ratingsat the end of each gamereview. For example: valuefor money, use of graphics,and quality of game.

Also, in the April issue —in the American Dreamssection — you mentioned theCommodore Ultimax. Howlarge is the memory of thisunit?

Are there disc drives orcolour/sound boards for the2X81? If so, how much arethey and who sells them?Simon Spencer,Ormskirk,Lancs.

Editors reply: We are ofteninformed of games toinclude in the news pagesbefore the finished productis available. U we didn't

write about them until thecartridge was on sale bythe time it would bepublished the game wouldbe old. That is also why wedo not use a rating systemfor the games. In depthanalyses of games are keptto the review pages, wherea rating system will soon beintroduced.

Commodore BusinessMachines has renamed theEuropean version of Ultimaxthe VIC-10 which wasunveiled at the HanoverFair in March. The basicsystem has a memorycapacity of 2K and it shouldbe available in September,costing £100.

There are no disc drivesavailable for the 2.X81computer and none arelikely to be developed.

BATTLE ZONEEXPERIENCESDear Sir,I am writ ing in with regard tothe arcade news section ofthe July issue of Computerand Video Games, Inparticular to the Battle Zonescore printed.

I am not saying that theexplanation below is thecause of the five million scoreprinted out but I cannotimagine one person playingbattle zone for 6 hours on thetrot.

When I was new to BattleZone I had wierdexperiences with the scoring.Suddenly it went haywire aridgave me a really high scorefor nothing. This is not anisolated happening as it hashappened on two machinesthat I have used — if thesescores are to be recordedthen my two highest scoresare 74,032,000 and 56,280,000.

Incidentally, my printedscore of 319,000 has been

broken by at least twoaquaintances of minereportedly both scoring over500,000.As I say, I believe it may bepossible to score 5;.mil l io non Battle Zone but it wouldtake a heck of a lot of effortto stay awake.Mark McLean,Fare ham,Hampshire.

WHEN DADTAKES OVERDear Sir,My family have recentlyreceived a BBCmicrocomputer, I used itabout seven times and I amvery impressed. But I neverseem to be able to get on itany more.

I wake up in the morningto hear a tap tapping on thekeys. I come home fromschool and my Dad is using itagain.

My Dad is new tocomputing and is very keen.He has been working on anaccounts program about aweek now and today hecame into the kitchen andexplained that he had run outof memory space.

1 was quite amazed atthis as it is his first programand the computer has 32K,

I am very pleased that youare producing OWL for thecomputer and hope you willkeep it up.Stephen Seymour.RopHampshire.

SPEEDING UPTHE IRS-80Dear Sir,I had the same problem as C.Bennett which was that wefound the TRS-80 Basic wasrather slow. I overcame thisproblem, though by learningmachine code and imbeddingit into my basic programs.This did wonders to myprograms and now I writefast exciting games. Don't beafraid to use machine code.

Another idea is to buy acompiler which would speedup your game no end but thiscould be quite expensive.

I hope I have helpedpeople with my ideas.D. Cromwell,Letchworth,Hertfordshire.

COMPUTER & VIDEO GAMES 1 1

Co PETITION COMPETITION COMPWE'RE AIMING FOR PERFECTIONThe perfect computer game, I de-cided, sh o u l d b e b a s e d o nstrategy.

It needed plenty o f scope f o rinnovative tact ics, f as t act ion ,some pret ty neat algorithms t okeep the human player guessing,a simple set of rules and an orig-inal and imaginative story line.

Mine involved a computer-con-trolled team of 12 necromancerswho kept up a constant stream ofthe most undesirable spells aimedat a prince with the sole aim ofturning him into a frog.

While t h e p l a y e r h a d a napothecary o f mages (about 12)and a magic talisman and had tocounter e v e r y s p e l l h u r l e dagainst him or develop a taste forflies. I was going to call it ThirdToe o n t h e L ef t F l ipper — o rsomething just as imaginative —and it was going to be the bestgame ever.

ORIGINAL AND IMAGINATIVE . . .The fi ve new Sinclair Z X8I cas-settes provide a pretty completebase t o an y games software l i -brary.

All for the ZX81 with 16K Ram-pack and written by top Sinclairsoftware house, Psion, w e a r eoffering fi ve sets of these casset-tes to the w inner and four run-ners-up i n o u r Computer G ameCompetition.

The cassettes o n o f f e r a re :Flight Simulation; Space Raiders,a space invaders g am e w h ichshares cassette space with Bom-ber; Sorcerer's Island and Peril-ous Swamp, t w o adventures o none cassette; Chess an d Back-gammon.

As w e l l as these, our w innerwill receive a Sinclair printer or a660 voucher to put towards anySinclair product he chooses.

But the real prize is a visit toPsion to see how a commercialsoftware house operates an d achance t o t alk o ver your gameideas with the Psion programmersand see i f it is practical to write

Ithe game an d sell i t under theSinclair banner. I f the game i sgood enough Psion will undertaketo write it and Sinclair to marketit.

What w e want f rom you is a

But I took a look at the pro-gramming expertise involvedand it was promptly shelved. I 'dstolen t h e id ea f ro m a fantasynovel anyway. But with the helpof a software company like Psionand the backing of Sinclair, I amstill convinced that every homewould have been the richer for acopy of Third Toe of the Left Flip-per.

I f you've ever dreamt up t heperfect computer game but foundthat putting i t into lines of codewas beyond you, then this issue ofC&VG could be your saviour.

In conjunction with Sinclair Re-search an d top software housePsion, we axe giving readers thechance to get their game idea intoproduction and onto the shelvesof W. H. Smith.

You could also w i n yourselfsome prizes on the way. See thecompetition details below.

game t it le, a detailed outline o fhow the game should be played,with t h e objectives, number o fplayers an d a w a y i t could b eimplemented on computer.

It can be a space invaders-typereaction game o r a new look atadventure games. I t can b e a sstrategic as chess or as baffl ingas a Rubik's Cube.

If it is set to a storyline then youshould give us the tale behind it.If it involves carefully computedtactics then you could provide thenecessary algorithms to give themachine a good chance o f win-ning.

We are looking for games thatare original and imaginative butremember they must also be prac-tical.

All entries will be the propertyof Psion. A n d no employees o fEMAP, Psion or Sinclair Researchmay enter the competition. T h ejudges decision i s fi nal an d nocorrespondence w i l l b e enteredinto.

The closing date is 16 Septem-ber 1982 an d entries should b eaddressed t o Comput er G a m eCompetition, Computer & VideoGames, Durrant House, 8 HerbalHill, London EC IR 51I3 to reach usby then.

OMPETITION COMPETITION COMPE7

NOW SOME PINHow would you like to impressvisitors to your home by display-ing a super flashing Electra pin-ball i n your hallway or liv ingroom?

You still have a month to comeup with an idea for an electronicgame which could make a pinballdream come true in your home.

We want you to think of anoriginal idea for a feature on apinball o r a n electronic gamewhich would inhance its play-ability. You could even come up

M I M E r i r

• The answers to our August MindRoutine problem is: 46837+2+1+2 x6 -2 +3 +7 -4 +3 x5 -3-2 x4 x3 +3

The co r re c t so lu tion t o l astmonth's Nevera Crossword i sprinted r i g h t a n d th e winnersnames wi l l be published in nextmonth's issue.

For more puzzles to test yourbrain power simply turn to page 82where you'll find the puzzling MindRoutine and our monthly wordgamethe Nevera Crossword.

ION COMPETITION COMPETITION C o

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: ILL WIZARDRYwith an idea for an entirely newmachine.

Bally hope to find a completelyfresh outlook to arcade games. Itcan be a single feature on a gameor a whole new concept but it hasto be practical so bear in mind thefollowing criteria.• Physical dimensions• The game should be capable of

being mass-producted.• Cost.• Weight.• That it is safe to be used by the

arcade player.• The idea must not be stolen

from any other arcade or pin-ball machine.

• And most important, it shouldbe creative and original.

The Bally Pinball Division willpresent a n E l e c t r a p i n b a l lmachine to the grand prize win-ner. All entires will be judged bythe Bally Pinball Division's newproduct board and announced inComputer & Video Games. All en-tries will be the property of theBally Pinball Division an d t h eentrants will assign all rights, pa-tents and privileges o f their de-sign to the Bally Pinball Division.

No employees of Bally or Com-puter & Video Games o r t h eirrelatives may enter the competi-tion. The judges decision is fi naland no correspondence w i l l b eentered into.

Send your entries to The PinballCompetition, Computer & VideoGames, Durrant House, 8 HerbalHill, London E C I R 51B b ef o reSeptember 16th 1982.

e.4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 m o n s i a l

NOW BUSHCAT SPEAKS OUTOur Starweb game is up andrunning and interstellar con-flict is just around the corner.

In our May issue play-by-mail games company. FlyingBuffalo offered 15 readers thechance of competing in a freeC&VG Starweb game and wepromised to keep the rest ofyou in touch with events oncethe ga m e ha d progressedsufficiently for players givingnotice of their intentions notto suffer as a result of theseindiscretions.

First writer on the game.Just giving his early impress-ions a nd perhaps a betterunderstanding of computermoderated gaming is PaulHardy, alias Bushcat the Pi-rate — the sort of characterwho gives space fiends a badname. Take it away Bushcat

Starweb is role-playing Adventure-style set in space where, due to theforesight of some extinct super-raceeach star system is linked to threeothers by a transportation networkallowing instantaneous point-to-point travel.

The characters within this gamehave d i ffe r i ng objectives, w i thApostles converting populations,Berserkers decimating them, Mer-chants trading between star sys-tems and so on. I play the part ofBushcat the Pirate who gets hiskicks plundering as do al l goodpirates.

OUR WORLD CUP WINNERS!Paoulo Rossi and co. now look asif they w ere always intended towin t h e w o rld cup on that hotsweaty Sunday night in Madrid.

But who would have said so acouple of months before? Two ofour readers that's who — in thegreat Silica Shop and Computerand Video Games world cup com-petition.

Silica Shop asked our readers topredict w h o w o u l d b e fi rs t ,second, and third in the world cupto win a E100's worth of computerequipment o r an At ari 2600 T VGames Centre.

Victor Thorn of Dagenham andMalcolm Stowey of Mangotsfieldnear Bristol both predicted that

Each planet is characterised by apopulation level, a varying ability togenerate raw materials each turn,and a n industr ia l base . Someplanets lend themselves to ship-building. others to supplying rawmaterials and some to plundering. Ihave, in fact, found a totally emptyplanet. Tha one is earmarked for abit of wanton destruction.

Each turn, I write orders for myfleets and possessions, specifyingwhere fleets are to move, if they areto carry anything, who to fire at,which planets to build ships and allthe nitty gritty of running an empire.The order sheets are then sent to aMidlands P.O. box which uses it'ssuperior intellect to sort out every-one's moves, check them for valid-ity, resolve conflicts between rivalsets o f orders and then returns alisting o f planets visited, planetshinted at and current fleet status.

I have not made contact with any-one yet, but when I do they will geta good drubbing. Contacts arelisted automatically and the gameallows such contacts to communi-cate via diplomatic postcards.

I have noted a couple of -f u n n i e s "so far, fo r example the fleet that

went two places at once, But on thewhole I am getting to grips wi theverything, including the very de-tailed rulebook which caused a fewlate nights when it arrived. Starweblooks as though it will develop intoan excellent game, i f only the turn-around time can be reduced,

Italy would win and Germany berunners up , though n ei t h er o fthem predicted t he th ird p laceteam — Poland.

As there w as no outright win-ner the competit ion organisershave decided to split the priz ebetween Victor and Malcolm whowill both receive a voucher forESO's worth o f computer equip-ment.

Nigel Judd of Silica shop said."We h ad hundreds o f entrantsthat included Brazil in some com-bination of first second and third— but Victor and Mathew w erethe only two out of over six hun-dred entrants who predicted theoutcome o f the fi nal.

•

m4• • • • • 4.•

MON COMPETITION COMPETITION C

eGtrumSpectrum is a new, rapidly expanding group of independent retailerswho specialise in selling a range

Our group policy is simple: we won't be beaten on price and 'know-how! We can make this claimof popular home computers.

because our bulk buying power ensures that we select and buy at the best prices and then can pass on the

We guarantee you find an item advertised and in stock at any other retailer at a better price than us,benefits to you.

You will see we quote our prices both including and excluding VAT - no hidden15% to suddenly upliftwe will match that price.

your bill but also making our prices easier to compare with our competitors.To ease payment we accept Barclaycard and Access as well as our own Spectrum Charge Card.

Longer term credit terms are also available.We believe our product 'know-how' is crucial to you as a customer. In every one of our centres there are

personnel who have been trained by the manufacturers or distributors themselves. So we know what we aretalking about on the products we sell and can help every customer, including the complete beginner, find andunderstand the equipment to suit his or her needs. For us it's not lust a matter of simply handing over a box andleaving you on your own to figure it out. Our service includes 'hands on' experience that we can pass on to you.

After sales care is also well catered Tor. Our own Spectrum Service Centres will insure that should yourmachine 'go down* we will get it up and running as quickly as possible. We can also diet extended warrantiesat reasonable prices_

When il comes to mail order delivery we use Seturicor for despatch to anywhere in the British isles.The cost is low and the service is good. Further details are available from your local shop at the time of ordering.

Finally, we should point out that although not every Spectrum centre carries every advertised item.they can always be obtained quickly from our central warehouse. If you have any difficulty, please telephoneSpectrum Customer Service on (0727) 66646.

Spectrum Computer Group is a division of Spectrum (UK) Ltd - Britain's largest photographicretailing group.

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games to very proleosiooal standards. Any key of Om keyboardtri se merle to produce any character the uses Wishes on the screen Atari

Computers have an extra nucroprocessor onboard especially to enablethese unique restores There are over 200 programmable colours andlorses and a wide lenge of programmelde sounds

Plug a -B A SI C ' c a rt r id ge in and you have a c onap re ten s,v e

:mauler

M i l l IONGordan Harwood.697 T' High Si'..'allteton Dertyinteetel 0773831978u t IAshford C t,t h iC e r ( t i re

2 Station IloiloCtarendos amideAshford Wedelnlet 97841 449,5tSASHOONGodfrey s78 37 la ir WaalLam CroneBasildonEsserla 0768289379

AASONGSTOKETither s713 Market PlaceBasingstormHeelsI .' 9256 17079

111111111SHANIShavroodiGreat Western AmideBamingham 7fel 021 216 72'

11410,0FORDPhotosair18 CheassideBradford 8014JAWest YorkshireId 0274 308598

ATARI 400

E217.30E249.90 IN C.VAT

IIIIRGOITONComoro1 Queens Ram!EtwohlonSussesTel 0273 29634

CANNANOREePtid12a ernes ParadeCambridgeTer 027366087

CANKEEPendell Cniit .22 High SI madeCarddllet 0222 31960

the model 400 has 16K at RAM ano a touch soneltWe keyboardThe le d in h a s a professional style typewroler keyboard and amemory w toils is user expandable to 41911 Add disk droves (up IDand a printer and you here a system of adequate power tor busmess uses

ATARI 9(10168 COMPUTER (EXPANDABLE)ATARI 410 PROGRAM RECORDERATAIIII MO DISK DRIVEATARI 1117 THERMAL PRINTERATARI 1150 INIERFACE FOR DOT MATRIX PRINTERATARI Ilie RAM EXPANSION FDA BOOATARI GAMES PADDLES (PAIR)ATARI GAMES JOYSTICKS (PAIR)ATARI 'HERTAM PRINT PAPER (2 ROLLS)ATARI BLANK GINE 1 1E5'51SOFTWAREiNVIIAIION Tn PROGRAMMING I )INVITATION TO PROGRAMMING 131CONVERSATIONAL TRENCH'_:ONVERSATIONAL GERMAN:ONVERSATIONAL ITALIAN

,.:(INVERSATIONAL SPANISH

MUSIC COMPOSERPOUCH TYPINGASTEROIDSMISSILE COMMANDPACKMANSPACE INVADERSSTAR RAIDERSSUPER BREAK•0111VIOE0 EASELCOMPUTER CHESSGRAPH!'WORD PROCESSOR 'DISK)ASSEMBLY EDITORDE-PE ATARI

KNIT H A R R O WC I Electronics C a m e r a ArtsThe Spot ( M o o CwnpuletDerby o e , , s e m )Tel 0332 44760 7 4 IT &nes Road

K A U K O H a r r o w MotadlelesTel 01 41? 5469vii.to Morns I I I340 merle Sneer H A T F I E L DGlasgow 62 % E r n Muftiter N I 3710968 7 Crawtort licao

Halfwit' HootsGUILDFORDthe Model Shop L E E D S23 Swan Lane K a s s 8 EitighGuddlont 4 'owe. BriggateSurrey GUI 4E0 L e e d s di Yorkshirela 0483 INN T e l 0537 45445

CORSON SFSSquat Dail375 Tummy RoadNew 11115kmLondon 519'et DI EiSq ISMLONOON11111I lectroirisure120 Notting MI GateLondon Willel 01221 7029MACCLESTIELDCarrie r. & CiNeputerCentreill Mill StreetSlaclestie4dCheshireTel 0625 21468

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MIDOLES8R010214McKenna & BrownNO LINN:not RoadMiddlesbroughlea 0641 148345NEWCASTLEruiners21 3111igh IronsEldon SquatNewcastletel 0632617901NEWCASTLE DA TYNENewcastle Camas& Computer Mad16 NathermberlarsdCourtNewcastle on •lynefel 0632327461

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The VIC 20 rutty is C O M M O D O R E V1C 2 0extraordinary value ter money_It does so much for so little

It ta lly emir/main' to2 71 ,1 11 user RAM has a Nil

sire typewriter keyboard and E 1 9 9 . 9 9 I N C .VATplops s tr ol l t into row homeMicro soft BASIC is standard but adational meteor,

language is available via plug hocailcIdgon there is also a choiceal other programs tor chess mimic wad languages as wales gamesPrater disk dente and other peripherals software and books ate allavailable). h o w expend rout useand eskeereetVIC C2N cassette und'SIC Ponta(plan paper baler)VIC Simile Repot du dent 4538 RAM !guanaco cal WoeDK RAM tipanvek cartridgelbe RAM kip/meek cartidgeSuper expander lb flet cartridgeJoesiockGames pedalos (pailGAMESPlowsnmeit Awl cartridgeMachine Code Monitor cartridgeIntroduction to la m (I )"Avenger (ROM)• Slot Battle 'ROM). I e l I yM u r in le r s ( ROM )

-Super Lander (ROM)

-Road Race (ROM)

Rat Race (ROMIBid t cassette

BOOKSLearn Cometrier Programming vent theCommodore 'SIC'SIC Revealed'SIC 211 Pope, ?q u i e ts R e te t ee P

VT- Campo, , mega/ In.

NOTTINGNAMCameo Computer,1119110 Trinity WelkNotimghamTel 0602 41912KADI NlIavrd SaundersComputer Centi vI Yield Had) PlaceReadmgBensTot 9734 580111TECIIIINGTONAndrew,

e9 emelt Streetledthergref,Middieserlet 019774715

WALLINGTON'Limey Micro SpIttffla L td5.3 Woodcoto ReedbeallegLonSurreyTel 01141 5636WINFOIN5R5 lattosystard lid94 the PI N*High StreetWarlordHetilet 0973 76602WEST BROMWICHReit A Jeree,39 Queens SquareWest Brornanchlet 0115539810

£173.90

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we won't be beateon r ices

SPECIALEDITION!uNiQuE TO

SPECTRUM

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THE NASCOM'SPECIAL EDITION'

The Nascom is aBritish desroned and builtmic rocont put et and onest the first home microsto appear in this country,store by e years ago

Since thee it hasbeen developed into oneel Me most powerful arid expandable systems andUnd.

It Can have up to 206K onboard memory. combinedwelt. superb colour graphics, disk drives. printers and variousinput .• output facilities can be added

Such is the versatility of this micro that it has beenadopted tor nirrnelDLIS commerc ial applications tncludingnetel booking systems. blood grouping. weaponry andsatedite tracking

Previously looked upon as a machine for theknowledgeable hobbyist only SpnCittnn Dow bring you theoppolunly to embark upon this remarkable sphere alcemputind in the easiest possible way. A ready to plug inand use 'SPECIAL COITION' Nascoin programmable inMeChrne code or BASIC is now available tram us.It you are serious about computing the 'SPECIAL EDITION'

yeur sta le r pack The initial machine mottles 8K ofmemory but a simple plug in board upgrades yourcomputer to 56K.

vosol'A

E.429.95f494.44 INC_VAT

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Spectrum Computer Centresoperate on an exclusive area

basis and ii you would like to know more about ourgroup contact Mike Stern or Man Warren now on

(0727)66646.

mown* now Si Worn Hen,

DEALERS:

CO r A • Z I E = Pnces correct at timei l •- -- -- mime of going to press. E. & a E.

The M ilitia is the newcomer to the Sharp rangewith the setioes user very much in mind in the design

A complete stand alone 48K system incorporatinga profiled typewriter keyboard with numeric pad and a9 green display screen. The -B A S I C " c o n t a i n s a n u m b er o f v e ry

uSetut additions Oven theprevious modelsA lull line up of peripheralsfurther add to the vet

SHARP MZI30A£477.38

util i ty a libis machine

M U M S / / 5 Of FREE I 0 4 8 . 9 9 I N L V A TSiff TWARESHARP PIRIPNEMAIS FOR MMCIA* Twin Woo p chst und (5 '•""* Sandie floppy dish unit* Floppy disk interlace coldre Floppy disk cable* Master diskette and manual

00 col printer inc cable. I/O Card and ROM1111 col hotter, p r i n t er I /O c an t a nd ROM

*132 col printer. Inc cable, I/O caul and ROMExpansion sad (required fur desk dine and,'of melte.)

* Universal interface cardAssemelei tapes and manualroos

*141100k to 61100A converter tape

EKCVAT I N C VAT15913 00 1 6 7 8 5 01400 OD 1 4 6 0 00110000 1 1 1 5 00

124 00 1 2 7 50131 00 1 3 5 .6 0

1415 00 E477 .251475 00 £ 5 4 1 2 51845 00 1 1 7 1 .7 5

110000 L 1 1 5 00145 00 1 5 1 75142 00 1 4 8 301115 00 1 9 7 5110 Oil 1 1 1 .5 0

Hand hold computers tram Sharp give you a poclet genius br NutLarrirnInn We set/ Me well established PC1711 and th new 1500

The P11211 packs high performance functions with h u t languageintO a OM compact body vuu can extend pew PCl211 with a cassetteinterface or printericassetto interface

The new PC1500 takes technology close to personal computer aboityIts compact body hes %It bytes at ROM and 3 51 bytes at RAM With enextended alpha bat* numeric You can then go turret' Will the AK or litRAM upgrades th e r e s e l s e f o r t he l o st l am e rn h an d held c om pu te rs a

tour colour graphic printer am a c o m b i n e d p r i n t e r a n d c a s s e tt e i n t e rl a c e

PCl2I1 Computer I 1 5 5 00 I E74.75P(1211 Cassette interface I 1 1 1 78I I 11215

We stock an gm lenitive range a t books to help yesHere are past a few to whet your appetite.C PIM iiiandbilizikDONProgramming the MOPromamming the 6502Your First ComputerBASIC Handbook I2nd edition)A • Z at Computer GamesAtari BasicBasic BASICBASIC Ci - I GamesBASIC , • Programs for Business CV0111

111.50ELM

V I M110.75

£7.15El 4 95

15 6015 9519 9516.95Ed 55

IlCVAIPt 120 Cassette and minter interlace M O 03

11471130 39

143 43

PCI4o4 ComputerPC15011 Printer/cassette interlacePC1500 44 RASA upgradeSHARP PEIPPIIUALS te ll M inha la in Floppy disk und 15 e i c l u d i n g ItO card

deskette manual and cable* Del maim printer* spansron mterlace (requited hat either/loth abovel* Machine code language tape and manual* Assembler tapes end manual* Basic compiler* Pascal

thobte precision basic

1702 4913711 91

E li 001115/136 00140 OD140 00130 00

1307 061435 75

Ell0 40120 20L41 40146 00146 00E43 TO

siroP PRESS!Just arriving very limitedquantities of the 'Magic'DRAGON 32KCOMPUTERSensational Value at

E173.48i L199.50 INC

Also the first of the Cartridges from

Cassettes from

EVERYTHINGSPECTRUMOFFER...13111

E XC YAT INC VATMalcom 3 481(Computer £499.00 C573.85Nascom RAM B 16KBoard lit it l £80.00 £92.00Nascom RAM B 16KBoard 'bu ilt ! £100.00 C115.00Additional 16K RAM £15.00 £17.25Additional 32K RAM E 30.00 £34.5048K Add-on Memory Bpod

for "Special EditionI/0E130.00 £149.50

Board (kit ) E45.00 £51.75PIO Opt ion E l l 00 £13.80CTC Opt ion E14 00 £16.10UART Opt ion E16.00 E18.40

No m e , Single DiskDrive onr FOC Card E470 00 £540.50

SHARP• l u l l range listedWe ha t ,

Spectrw,

p l eT , ,e M.Z he O B,a nd a kill range

_ _ A l

APPLEApple C o m p u t e r Systems in

stock and we are an authorised Service, Apple.

K Ud e We are an appointed dealer

) e 0...s.-eo Systems.

NASCOMvet I N C VAT

Nav N o t e r RAME225.00E258.75

Na lco, 2 b ui l t) No user RAM

E285.00 £327 .75Nevem Power Supply llo t i

C35.00 £ 4 0 .2 5'Cistern Micro-ed 8K Computer

C 399.00 E4 58.85Nascorn "Special Edit ionKt Computer E 4 2 9 . 9 5 £494 .444p7rose sYeteOL OC VALLNI

A l o m k

STOP PRESS!Scoop purchase of

manufacturers fine) stock.NASCOM IMP Printer complete

with 'IMPRINT' ROM.Previously £325 plus VAT.Now £199.95 exc. VAT.E229.95 inc. VAT.

SRS MICROSYSTEMS'44 The Parade, High St ree t . Wat ford , H e n s.Telephone (092 3) 26602,YOU 'L L VAL U E OU R EXPER I EN C E, YOU •L LVAL U E OU R PRICES. FREE SECURI COR DE-LIVERY OR POST O N ORDERS OVER C50

t r. -yr. . . yr, • rre u r• t• e•extect I ereeei t r y : . r •-' t

▪ npMellotal ,e.W3tfoed A. •• a. Bart .t ',Lard welcome

▪ p u e ch e re e and p • e t eethernder vari ab l e L a i 0 E

Thu specialists in intense' plug inmemories. for Z IC carnotite! 'announce

LK--) 80K SPECTRUM

now attainable lo t the pewee? a 48km oda l' with put SP80 low powerSinclair look a like.

N e w l o w p r ice s On o u r h i g h l y su co r I SOu l i n t e r n a l m e m o r i e s f o r Z X 8 1Item P r i c e C it y To t a lCHIPSWIT CH kit doubles your 1X81 inernor y to 4 . 7 02K I th ia kit requires soldering)INCREMENTAL internal 2K piug•in mionorYextens•on toe zxa I explore:NOM to 16K.Additional 2K chips tor above (1-0M6116P-31 4 . 5 0MAXIMEM 64K internal p lugm memory for lX8 1 4 9 95MiNIMAX 16K version of MAXIMUM uppedeable 3 4 .9 5en 64k with Our ch ip exchange service.SP80 64K in re•tnal plug-in memory extension tor 5 0 00ZX SPECTRUM giving 80K of user RAM .SPEW Kit version with lu ll instrument 4 4 . 0 0SP80 I it t ing service !Price includes excess PEria) 9 00

17.75

Postage and Pecking 0 . 4 5TOTAL E

All prices already include VATPlease t ick if you require a VAT receiptRefunds less E1.50 handling on all items returned within 14 days ofreceipt. Send stamped addressed enyekspe otos additional 12V,p stamp forcatalogue.

To. East London Robotics. -F i n l a n d . M o u s e 1 4 D o w e ll G o o, L o nd o n [ 6 40 1

Telephone enquiries on 01 47 I 3308

FunctionaNy Identical to the Sinclair 32K inlernal plug inexpansion but eiish double the capacity 164k I the SHIMpfias into the sockets provided on the 16k SPECTRUM b ySinclair for h it 32k expansion board. Instructions to outusual bleb standard mikes little, very simple indeed. The

WEN) in no way mlierferes with Sinclair add ores - ZXPontev, RS232 interface. M icnadri,n •

ChequePostel Order Payable to EAST LONDON ROBOTICS

Mien* M OM & M r s tiM s ,

Addresi

STOP PRESS! ' Transit, a l l y o u r Z X 0 1 B A S IC a nd M a c hi n e c od e

programs and data onto your SPECTRUM in minutes with out newSLOW LOADE R avail able soon! ,

ZX81AVT:LAfrom

J . K . G R E V E S O F T W A R E L T DTs l c i v.i i r e :N cO o ri r t iv C-r ICT I 100C Lint

I ILO) ( ) L i ILN1-1I I L O I 2 1 . 1 1 w i-I N L I I LJ UD L

'Withou t question the finest machine code games availablet o d a y " J . N . R O W L A N D Produc t Manager tor vv. H S M I T H

GARIESTAPE t I er1 k o n l y a l l10 Ga m e s ' r i d ASTER OI D S, U F O . C O D E. BOM BERGUILWIINE. KALEIDESCOPE. e tcPROSAIILY THE BEST VALUE lk TAPE AVAILABLE

We've done in l k , games wh ich some o f o u r competitorsrequire Ifi k to elo,

o n e . . . t o w,

TR A D E

dfak,Qv,ALM-SECHLOC

GAMEST APE f o r RIK c h n I a E3.111•STARFIGHTTII Superb machine code Sto ics Ba le * Se tsoadist a background o f tw inkkno stars, w i t h sh ino ingexpiosions - y o u can hit the 4111,11neVIPYRAMID Can you move me Pyramid? Make a mistake andit will co l leo- r i A T h i nk e r s g am e

ARTIST The ultimate Graphic Designers aid e Oreecuons. I DMemories, SAVE, COPY, RIIBOUT, CLS, etc

GAMESTAPE 3 to, I lk o n l v ECM'CATACOM BS A Mu lt -Leva l Graph ics Adverrn ite Ea chlevel can contain u p t o 9 Rooms, 8 Passages, 7 Monsters.Food Go ld , Traps, Phantoms, a n Ea t I t o the next KNOWand there's an infinite number o il/ve tsNOTE T h i s is NOT one o f the necessarily ensiled Ne tAdventures es sold etsawhere

' An e xCe i le f• I e d d l Cre e t g arn e t ke te e l l w e l ke e p y o u / e m u teedlo t hours" C O M P U T E R & VIDEO GAMES

GAMESTAPE 4 for I l k , o n l y ECM1130 MONSTER MAZE The Game to Top All Others

Unbelievable Graphics' Can you fi nd your wa y through theMaze, T he EXIT is there somewhere but then so o a I REX

and it s after YOU! A l l in 3 0 I the I REX w il l actually ru ntowards you et lo ll perspectival, you've never seen anythinglike th is beforel

'3 0 MONSTER M AZE ,s r h o b e s t g a m e I n e w s e en l ot t he

ZW.81" C O M P U T E R b vimeo GAMES" If I hod to c hoos e And one pr ogr em m e to ttopr oor or ratychetter i h,r th t h r c o p a b t i o t t o s o r

the you_ M on J, k . Gteye's 1 0 MONSTER M AZE would be the one wipeout doub t "ZX COM P UTING " E i n l i e n r , & M ont, & A a r e- P O P I I I A R r O M P t 1 7 7 N G W E r e t Y

GANIE S TAP E S loe I l k o n l y ( 4 1 6•310 D E FE N D E R T h e Ulternete S pe c e G e o , S u p e r te , TMachine Code 30 version o f the Arcade favourite. Yo u has,to save your home planet from the marauding Alien SpececrahThis re a ll in 30 , you r viewscreen shows you the view o , .of your fighters cockpit window Th e beckdrop moves wh eyou turn. or 11y up or down is t hey directional, Mal as rf youwere really flying il l Bu t then YOU ARE' The Enerrry Saucerswill actually loom. towards you in 3D. and shoot you if you lael thgenr You r displayinchodes Score, Shield Strength, Altitude, Pro ion ly, Forward Redo and vow wnwacmen,w hich shows you r rotating horn* planet, backdrop o f SL1141 Meteors, Explosiona,

Blarats yo u ' Photon Beams, u p to 4 Enemy Saucers and o f course it s ea infull 3 0,A SM ASH pa r t h e zx M icrobic (mom ca the other oottionto M u m s wanted •copyl, a sperm not to be mimosa

• • • • • ,•

GAMEST APE l ia r I S o n l y CI I S

'BREAKOUT Super Fast Fu ll Screen Display Gem* ' v o wall t ime favourite with an added twa t Se e how much Moneyyou can won and watch the m oods convert t o Dollars A l lon Machine Code for Fast Act ion with 3 Speeds. 2 Bat Sue tand three angles o f rebound, T h e b e e t B R E A K O UT l e e t u nd

and at this price you can t On wrong'

G AMES M A R K E D • I NCL . MA CHI NE CO DE,Pr ices inc lude V A T and U. K P . & P

(Add appropriate Postage on Foreign Orders ). Cheques /P.O.; t o

J . K . G R E Y E S O F T W A R E LTD16 Brendon Close, Oidiand Common, Bristo l BS15 6 0 1

CREDIT CARD SALES; Phone 01 -930 -9232 (9 am- - 7 p. m)FOR I NSTANT DESPATCH

II you prefer to me before btrong. our range cut GAMESTAPESare stocked IN the following stores

BUFFER MICROSHOP 3 7 4 4 Streatham Nigh Rd , London SW IfiGAMER 2 4 Gloucester Rd., Brighton;GEORGES 8 9 Pad Si , Bristo l. AvorcMICROSTYLE 2 9 Belvedere, Lanradown Rd .Ba th . Avon,MICRO WARE 1 3 1 Mellon Rd., Leicester,SCREEN SCENE 1 4 4 SI Georges Rd . Cheltenham, Gies,W.H. SMITH O v e r 200 Computer Branches.ZEDXTRA 6 School Lane, Kitson, Bournemo-uth. Dorset

& EXPORT ENQUIRIES WELCOME

ECOMPUTER & VIDEO GAMES T-SHIRT OFFER

Nan-,eAddress

C c Isi lyltt i .oh..m.,11/2se-kil4 , , A 1,; d 1 (

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Look what you've beensing! G ames programs f o ryour f avo u r i t e m ach i n e ,

news and reviews of those games tapes you'vealways wanted to know about, plus special fea-tures on the latest trends in the exciting world ofcomputers and gaming.

If you would like to catch up on what's beengoing on in the pages o f Computer and VideoGames over the past months why not send off forsome back issues? It's easy to do.

Just send details of the copies you want with yourname and address, plus a che-que o r p o st al o r d e rmade p ayab le t oComputer & VideoGames t o C & V GBack Issues. Com-petition House, Far-don R d . , M a r k e tHarborough,Leicestershire.Each issue costs Elincluding post andpacking.

I enclose P.O.c heque value• Years required

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Want to look tough? Well , whenyou w ear a Computer and VideoGames T-shirt no-one is going tokick sand in your face! There arethree designs to choose from. Oneis discreet litt le number with theC&VG logo on the front in deli-cate shades of red and black. TheBugs feature large on our othertwo offerings. One features SnagJunior in glorious bright blue withthe w ords "Wat ch out-there's aBug about" writ large, ScreamingFoul Up has managed to find hisway onto our third shirt in bril-liant yellow and green with theslogan "There's no polite word forsomething that bugs!"

The T-shirts come in four sizes,Extra Small, Small, medium andlarge, and cost E2.65 plus 30p forpost and packing. Cheques%and orPO's (not cash) should be sent to:Computer and Video G ames T -shirt Of fer, 10-12 Victoria Road,Northampton.

Tick Sze Reg ES — I . T i c k Design Reg I -w a t c h o u r I—I 2 -T h e r e s n o p o l i t e w o r d " n 1 -t w o - r

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Ltiesse return to. Computer & Video Games T-shirt offer. 10-12 Vtoorta Road. Nonhampton. PLEASE ALLOW UP TO 26 DAYS FOR DELIVERY

ASIBINDERS4Quick, neat and easy,

A I t ' s so easy and tidy wi th the Easi-• • b i n d b i n d e r t o fi l e y o u r cop ies

away. Each b inder i s designed tohold 12 issues and i s attractivelybound and blocked wi th the COM-PUTER & VIDEO GAMES logo. PriceU.K. £4.25 including postage, pack-ing and V.A.T. Overseas orders add25p per binder.Nat. Giro No. 5157552.Please a l low 3 /4 weeks fo r fu lfi l -ment o f o rde r. Paymen t b y AC-CESSBARCLAYCARDNISA. Sendcoupon below detailing credit cardno. and signature. Wh y no t placeyour o rder now? Send th e com-pleted coupon be low w i th remi tt-ance payable to : -

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O r d e r F o r m COMPUTER & VIDEO GAMESfor b i n d e r s

LOCK Li r,F. S P U LA S E

Registration No. 307469M I M E E n i 1 1 . 1


1NEW PRODUCTS NEW PRODUCTS NEW PRODUCTS RI 1• 1 = = .•1 1 • • • •

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THOUGHTI SAW APUDDY-CAT!

• 1 0 1 1 ,

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• 41• 11• 11.

CAT AND MOUSEAre you a man or a niouse? Well,you are definitely a mouse in anew game called Cat and MouseYou crawl around a maze, hidingfrom two hungry cats who stalkthe corridors searching for food_Guess what their favourite foodis?

You're right — it's you. So ifyou don't want to end up as asnack between bowls o f K il l--Kat, fast reactions are the key tosurvival_

The number of cats chasingyou ca n b e varied Y o u ca n

The robots o f Zistel Three areprogrammed to show no mercyto any aliens found searching theplanets barren terrain for a "mat•ter transmitter", which is the onlymeans of escape from this cruelcorner of the galaxy.

If the robots catch you, theyare programmed to self destructblowing both you and them topieces. The robots can be madeslower o r faster depending onthe skill level you select.

Zistel Three is also ravaged byhigh voltage electronic win d swhich blow up from nowhere atvery short notice.

If you manage to evade therobots until half time you will begiven a Robot Jammer hyper-

!! jump which sends the robot off to0 a random position. You are alsor awarded a personal hyper-jump

which wil l randomly place you;i elsewhere within the game area.02 R o b o t Chase comes with two1- other space games in a threef• game p a ck f ro m Chelmsford

W i M O

• .•

W O R E . .

choose one o r two feline op-ponents in the chase. There arelour different speeds to choosefrom.

For the advanced player, thegame has a n added difficulty.The cats are programmed to ran-domly turn either left or right atmaze junctions.

You need to be a very sharpmouse indeed to guess which waythe devious moggies are going toturn.

If you manage to successfullynegotiate your way out o f themaze without being devoured bythe ca ts th e game w i l l thenselect, at random, a new maze.But tread carefully — the catsare still prowling around.

Cat and Mouse is availablefrom Leeds-based P ro g ra mPower at £4.95 plus VAT and runson the BBC Model A or B.

based Future Software at £399.For your money you also get

U.H3. Invasion where your onlydefence from invading ships is atri-beam laser gun mounted highon the top o f a sky defencetower.

The third game in this package

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SAVE THE HUMANOIDSThe laser ship is patrolling therocky terrain of a distant planet,defending a n d delivering t h ehumanoids from the clutches ofthe alien lenders.

A scanner in the top section ofthe screen shows th e who leplane surface, and can be usedfor long range reconnalsance.The lower part o f the screendisplays the section over whichthe laser ship is flying,

In this new version of Defen-der the lenders hover around, thesurface on the lookout for preywhich they can drag o f f in tospace. As a lender ascends witha humanoid, you can destroy itwith your lasers, o r with the"smart" bombs, wh ich disinte-grate everything hostile in sight.

THE MERCILESS METAL MONSTERSROBOT CHASE

Is Corridor o f Lasers, a spaceage treasure hunt in which youseek for the gold from a long-since extinct planet. It is hiddensomewhere in a corridor criss-crossed with laser beams. A l lthree games will run on the BBCModels A or B

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DEFENDERHaving annihilated the lander,you can intercept the plummet-ing human, before setting h imback down on the surface.

Should you fail to rescue thepoor individual before the lendercraft carrying him reaches thetop of the screen, the lender willmutate. While contending withthe faster mutants, you are alsoattacked by bombers, pods, andswarmers, all of which are to beavoided at a ll costs, and killedbefore going on to the next wave.But beware o f those pods fo rthey release an angry mob o fswarmers when you hit them.

If the lenders manage to stealaway a l l t h e humanoids t h eplanet will explode and a ll thelenders become mutants. Afterevery four attack waves you geta new plant, and a new set ofhumanoids to defend, You havethree ships with an extra oneship and smart bomb for scoring1,000 points.

A ve ry close co p y o f th earcade version, th is Defenderruns on the BBC MicrocomputerModel B and is available fromthe Cambridge-based companyAcornsoft a t a co st o f E9,95,inclusive o f VAT postage andpacking.

THIS OLDSOLDIERFIGHTS ON

gerent o d soldier re usesto leave h is wartime enclavehigh in the Cannon Blitz Hills.

For him the war still rages andhe w i l l shower anyone wh opasses below with cannon ballsYou must dodge the cannon ballsand escape to the next leve lwhere a balloon is waiting totake you out of range,

At the third level of this game— if you get there — you have tojump from platforms onto a mov-ing escalator which takes yourlittle man to the top of the MIT

Cannon Ball Blitz is availablefrom south Croydon-based Spid-er Software at f19 95 on disc forthe Apple

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AU BABAOpen Sesame is bound to be akey word to lead you into cavesfull of treasure in the Apple I Ifantasy role playing game A liBaba and the Forty Thieves.

Experience all the mystery andglamour of the Arabian Nights inthe search fo r treasure andadventure.

You w i l l encounter e lves,dwarves and even humans dur-ing your quest — and of coursethe roug ish th ieves w i l l b earound and about throughoutyour adventure. There a re 20random ch a ra c t e rs lu rk in garound too — and they a remostly evil types. So watch out!

At first you may simply wish toexplore t h e t re a su re la d e ncaverns and get away with asmuch stolen treasure as poss-ible. But as you get more skilful— and if you are feeling chival-rous — there's a beautiful prin-cess waiting to be rescued fromAli Baba and his henchmen.

Al, Baba and the Forty Thievesis available from SBD Software

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Star Trek fans will welcome thechance to get even with thoseevil Galactic Pirates — the Klin-gons — in Time Trek.

While you are waiting for thequeues to die down outside yourlocal cinema showing the latestStar Trek movie this game willmake a good substitute.

Your Starship Enterprise i sarmed with photon torpedoesnd phasers, which blots out the

screen in an energy blast, des•troying the Klingons in the pro-cess.

The game has 20 different skill! r• , '215 which change the

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The Zygians are a hybrid breedof invader with more than a fewtricks up their sleeves.

Unhappy with heavy losses inprevious invasions, the Zygianscome armed with a new laserbeam gun which can hem you inbetween two ships. Certain o fthe Zygian ships also have anadvanced me ta l c a s e wh ichenables them to bounce backmissiles at your gun turret.

There is also an added innova-

strengths of the Enterprise andthe Klmgons ;Masers.

Unlike many Star Trek games,this version includes all relevantinformation on one screen pre-sentation. Time Trek comes fromProgram Power at £7.95 plus VATfor the BBC Model B, or Model Awith 32K.

Also new from Program Powerthis mon th i s a n adventuresearch game ca lled EldoradoGold.

This is a treasure hunt against

of Richmond, and it costs f19.95. t i o n in that the mystery space wa re .

- • • I M• 1 1 .

NEW, IMPROVED INVADERSMAN INVADERS

ships t h a t periodically b leepacross the screen can't be reliedupon to explode when you h itthem — some are programmedto drop Out of the sky destroyingyour turret unless you move itswiftly out of the way.

Zygian Invaders runs o n aCommodore Pet and costs £6.00plus VAT f ro m th e Brighton-based company, Simple Soft-

BLASTING THE EVIL KLINGONSTIME TREK

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a backdrop of saloon bars, sixguns, and wild wild women.

Eldorado Gold costs f6 95 plusVAT for the BBC Model B, or theModel A with 32K.

There is also a Pacman typegame called Munchyman retail-ing at £5.95 for the BBC Model B.and a chess program with aneducational introduction of a re-run o f a challenge match be-tween former chess championsSpassky and Fischer at a cost of£7.95 plus VAT for thc Model B.

SAVE YOURBACON INTHIS MAZE!PIGPEN

Porky Pig and her offspring areafter you in their maze of a pig-pen and they are looking forwardto their next meal

To escape their greedy clutch-es — or should I say trotters —you have to fi ll the maze withdots, so restricting their move-ment.

This novel reverse of the Pac-man-type game offers yo u achoice of one to eight pigs to runaway from.

If you successfully fi ll yourmaze with dots the game wil lrandomly produce a new mazefor you to negotiate. Pigpen isavailable from Richmond basedSBD Software a t £17.95 andcomes on disk for the Apple II

HARD RAIN ISFALLINGMOONBASE

Moonbase is a peaceful scien-tific research station on a distantplanet. Peaceful, that is, until asudden meteor shower turns intoa relentless onslaught.

As commander o f Moonbasethe only way to ensure the sur-vival of your crew is to blast themeteors before they can makecontact with the base.

You a re armed wi t h th reeangled laser guns so you wil lhave to fire quickly and accur-ately if the Moonbase is to sur-vive Moonbase comes on a tapewith a 3D maze game from theGreat Yarmouth-based companyDk'tronics and costs £5.95.

JUST WHEN YOU THOUGHT IT WAS SAFE TO GO BACK TO THE KEYBOARD

THE ADVENTURE CONTINUES. The graphics wizardry of FrankCorr and the deadly imagination of William Denman have onceagain joined forces to produce a world of evil genius. Hordes ofmaddened army ants will pick your bones. Killer clowns will sendyou screaming. Clever guards wil l tax your ingenuity. And ahundred other confrontations with a nightmare world may leaveyou a babbling idiot.Graphics are instantaneous and three-dimensional. The buildinghas over 1,500 locations. Full English sentences may be entered,


ASYLUM n

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with comprehension surpassing the legendary Asylum I.You need not have seen Asylum I in order to master AsNitim IL Youwill need cunning and stealth to survive this newest world ofinsanity.The industry greeted Asylum I with one word. INCREDIBLE ForAsylum II, only one word is required A WE S O ME !

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MICKEY'S BIG SCRAMBLECount a l l y o u r e g g s be fo rethey're hatched and you could beon your way to a new high scoreon the latest offering in the Gameand Watch series.

Called Micke y Mouse, t h isgame features the original WaltDisney favourite in the franticaction in the hen-house. The fourchickens in Mickey's yard putthe Goose that laid the GoldenEgg to shame, as they keep aconstant stream o f newly-laidgoodies tumb ling d o wn t h eshelves of the coop.

Mickey, armed with a basket

You'll have to know your onionswith the latest batch of cassettesfor the VIC-20.

Quiz Master and Mastermindherald a new series of games forVIC owners with an intellectualbent, Both are being released b/Commodore which is keeping upits promise to keep the VIC sup-plied with software at the rate oftwo or more tapes or cartridgesa week.

The Maste rmind ca sse t tecosts E9.99 and is available fo rthe VIC with B k o f additionalmemory. This is a "master" tapeand comes with two further cas-settes. The fi rst holds a set o fgeneral knowledge questionsand the second a specialisedknowledge subject.

Eight further cassettes can bepurchased in this range at £1.99each. These are made up of fourmore o n genera l knowledgequestions and four more special-

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an a wo r r ie d e x pr e s s io n as to

viguess which of his four layers'

eggs will next drop from the coopshelves and make sure his bas•ket is underneath it when the eggfalls earthwards. Dropping eggshatch upon landing and whenfour chicks have got away it's allover,

Minnie i s a lso o n hand t oshout instruction from a nearbywindow and ring an alarm bellwhen the need arises.

Also n e w t o the series i s

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS:st subjects: wine and food,music, sports and games, fi lmsand television.

The Quiz Master cassette alsocosts E9_99 and comes in an 45box complete with an instructionmanual. This tape also requiresBK additional memory and en-ables you to act as a quiz master,setting questions fo r friends o rrelatives to answer. It works on aMastermind f o rma t a n d c a nstore 120 questions.

These are games with an ob-vious educational bias, but on apurely educational footing comefour VIC cassettes aimed at help-ing schoolchildren with revision

The titles presently availableare English Language, ModernMaths, Traditional Ma th s andBiology. They cost £9.99 each.

Both this series and the Mast-ermind series will be expandedwith further titles available be-fore Christmas,

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Popeye Th e spinach-chompingcartoon hero must catch gar-bage thrown at him by his ever-loving Olive while balancing pre-cariously on a little boat in theharbour.

Meanwhile, Bluto, the arch vil-lain, t rie s h is b e st t o ca tchPopeye off-balance and knockhim into the water by use of ahammer a n d h i s migh ty fi st .Popeye is open to attack on bothsides a n d e ve n h i s belovedspinach can 't he lp h im a s asteady stream o f cans, bottlesand pinapples arch down fromOlive.

A chain o f living turtles formthe only route across a river andthe native bearer has his workcut O u t ca rry in g baggagesacross these unstable steppingstones, in a third game new tothe series.

THEY CAMEFROM UNDERTHE GROUNDSpace Invaders may be prettymean, dragons usually unsoci-able but when it comes down tothe u lt ima te i n v il la in y a n ygardener will tell you the crea-ture he fears most, the mole.

Mole Attack brings the tale ofthis struggle to life in graphicdetail, m o n a g a in s t l a w nwrecker,

It comes in cartridge form forthe VIC-20 and the screen be-comes a garden fu ll o f moles,while you are represented by agardener figure complete withvermin- bashing hammer.

You get more points for ham-mering moles as they just appear

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The turtles have a habit o fdiving fo r the small black fishwhich rise constantly from thebottom o f the river and i f thebearer happens to be standing orjumping to a turtle which is heading down, he'll end up in thedrink — baggage and all Evenmore frustrating is the fact thathis colleague has a habit ol dis-appearing o n long tea breakswhen he ought to be collectingthe baggage from your bearer,

All t h e credit card-sizedgames are L.C.D. display, oncolourful wide screens anddouble up as watches completewith an alarm. With a high scorefeature, two versions on eachgame and a delightful line infraught expressions, the gamesare distributed o ve r he re b yWoodford-based C o m p u t e rGames Limited and cost [19.95 %

above ground and no points a aif you allow the little velvet-skin-ned creatures to make it all theway to the surface.

The game is available in car-tridge form for the VIC from Com-modore and costs £19.95, Alsoout is a Sargon II chess programin cartridge form.

First available fo r the Apple,Sargon and then Sargon II longstayed at the top of the micro-computer chess tree and plays toa high standard.

Also out a t last and costing£24.95, is a series of five famousadventure cartridges, b y ScottAdams: Adventureland, P ira teCove, M i s s i o n Imp o ss ib le ,Voodoo Castle and The Count

Scott Adams is the first lord ofAdventure games and all thesefive have been tried and enjoyedon many other computers sincethey were first written.

Jon Davis

TV GAMES CENTRES TV GAMES CENTRES TV GAMES I

JOURNEY TOTHE STARS,AND BEYONDSTAR VOYAGER

Star Voyager is the name of theAstro Cruiser from whose com-mand bridge you view the galaxy.

It is also the title of the first ofthe Imagic cartridge range to beavailable in this country.

The lmagic range is compatible with Atari VCS and initiallyseven cartridges have been ear-marked fo r release over herebefore Christmas.

Star Voyager is a good adver-tisement for the Imagic range. Itis brightly packaged and a well-presented eight page instruction

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booklet sets the scent fo r theaction and explains the controlsand even gives some tips on howto play. It is in full colour with fiveexplanatory screen pictures.

The game itself combines twosimple computer space gameideas to produce a thoroughlyaddictive challenge. Your cruiserhas been ordered back to thecapital starport which is underattack from Zakor.

Space travel in this galaxy isachieved by jumping through starportals — these appear on yourscreen as flashing squares and

Having munched t h e i r w a ythrough numerous arcades, andmicrocomputers, those e ve rgreedy Pacman creatures havenow muched their way into theDatabase TV games centre.

This new version of the popu-lar a rcade game in troducesMunch and Crunch. Crunch isyour little man, and Munch is theequivalent of the ghosts in thearcade game Mu n ch movesthrough the maze with an un-gainly wobbling motion emittinga curious "boing, boing, boing"noise as he chases Crunch.

If he catches h im the gameoffers th e p ictu re o f Crunchbeing h a st i ly consumed b yMunch t o the sound o f loudchomping and slurping.

The game f o r two p layerswhich comes on the same car-tridge - there are eight versions

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seven must be passed through towin home. They give the doublebenefit of restoring your ship'senergy as it passes through —fact t h e sound e f fects a n dcolours were also found to bequite exhilarating by this pilot

The catch is that each portal isguarded by progressively moreZakoran ships. These flit aroundthe screen firing white missilesat your ship while you desper-ately try to align your sights —that is the whole of your ship —on them.

If you a re used t o blasting

ALL TEETH AND SMILESin a ll - - is a considerable im-provement on the usual Pacman.

In th is version you take thepart of ghosts and Pacman alter-nately. It you are controlling theMunches you can move themusing your joystick to any area ofthe maze, drop them there, andthey will then move around ran-domly in pursuit of Crunch untilthey find him, or until you movethem to another part of the maze

Anoth'er interesting variation isthat you are given an energyreading which varies accordingto the amount of food you canconsume and which you will alsoneed to get through the exit atthe end of the maze.

Munch a n d Cru n ch co st sf14 95 and is available from Hert-fordshire-based Voltmace

M o I M P, •••••,r1ED

easy targets like space invaders.Zakoran fighters will give you anasty shock, fast and manoeuvr-ing to make it difficult for you.

It really is a struggle for thebeginner to achieve even one hitbefore he o r she runs out o fenergy

You can fi re using lasers, awide effective range, but energysapping, o r photon torpedoes.You can blast the enemy missilesout of the sky as well.

But wi t h la se rs taking 11points from your energy banks —which are only ever replenishedto 99 — every shot must count.

The Zakoran missiles takeenergy from your shields whenthey h it and when the energylevels are down to zero you arepowerless to tire.

Both enemy ships and portalsappear on a small radar screenbelow the main action

Star portals must be quicklylined between your sights andthrough you flash.

At the end o f your life thegame gives you a field promotionfor a good display

My only tip is to suggest youduck under or around the Zakor-an fire and then pull them quicklyback in to t h e centre o f t h escreen for a snap shot.

But then, I never even madethe rank of lieutenant.

The cartridge costs £18.00 and'magic's range is distributed inthis country by Harrogate-basedAdam Imports.

, CENTRES TV GAMES CENTRES TV GAMES CENTRES

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WHIRLYBIRDSI FLY IN FOR

CHRISTMASChristmas is coming and thevideo games centre stockists arcbusy planning shelt space tor theexpected rush

The Atari VCS owners a rebenefiting from its position asmarket leader, as a whole host ofother companies are bringing outnew cartridges tor a

First into this held were Activi-win and its next offering is Chopper Command, which puts youinto a helicopter flying cover fora convoy o f medical supplieswhen your radar panel bleepsOut a warning that enemy coplets and Jets are in the vicinity.

the Imagic range has anotherfive cartridges coming betoreJanuary and toy company Palitoyis next into this field with a rangeof Parker Brothers titles comingfrom the U.S.

These include a number o flicensed co p ie s o f p o p u la rarcade games and other gameswhich feature characters o r ascenario from cult films Seven

Hurricane l-l•ggins would have toslow down his style if he was tosucceed at Trick Shot.

This second lmagic cartridge,to be released in September,offers billiards, an unusual ver-sion of pool and a long list oftrick shot challenges to master.

The screen shows a greenbaize table complete with over-large balls and pockets.

When a player comes to takea shot he lines up a small dot,which represents h is cue tip,hehind the cue ball. When satis-fied that he has positioned i twell-enough to make the desiredangle. he hits the fire button.

A quick tap do the button willgive a weak trickling shot todown those balls hanging over apocket. But fo r the HurricaneHiggins specials, around fourcushions and a lmost o f f thetable, the button must be de-pressed for a longer period be-fore being released

Five seconds is the maximumpower shot possible A 16 page

• I • M

cartridges have already beenearmarked for release over here,

There's also a new cheaperTV games centre coming ontothe market in time for ChristmasThe Innovator sells tor E69 with afree game ca rt ridge and 22games ready to choose from

I t's being distributed in Britain

by a new name in the electronictoy market. Leisure Zone, whichpromises a rap id ly expandingcatalogue of cartridges.

Among the initial 22 are Com-bat, Nibbleman, Alien Invader,Golf. Othello, Chess, Phoenix,Berserk, Oelender and MissileWar

IT'S RIGHT ON CUEinstruction o o le t descri e sthese ru les and possibihtitesthoroughly.

"English- a p pe a rs to be the

US slang for putting spin on abilliard o r pool shot, English isachieved by pushing the loystickin the direction you want the ballto spin. The maximum spin re -sults from a seven second push.When t h e c u e b a l l s t r ike sanother ba ll o r the " cu sh-spins in the direction dictated

Trick shot games line balls upin a set pattern and challengeyou to pot them all.

Pool is made up of five racksof three balls each and like Eng-lish Billiards, is for two players.

Convincing ball movement isachieved by use of a shadow onthe balls but the large pocketsmake it perhaps too easy fo rmiss-hit shots to count

Trick Shot is for the Atari VCSand costs f 20 DO f rom Adam im-ports.

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COSMIC CLASSICA j i v i i U u i h a VE 'A'011 t h e r a c e L O

produce an Atari VCS version ofthe classic Star Raiders game.

Star Raiders first appeared onthe Atari 400 and 800 home com-puters and was thought by manyto be the state-of-the-art in com-puter games.

It is a real-time Startrek gamewhich places the player in thecockpit and allows h im to en-gage the Klingon creatures in adeadly space battle in spaceabove p la n e t s a n d s p a c estations

Atari themselves have a StarRaiders cartridge due out laterthis year and the 'magic StarVoyager game l0000site 'noel issimilar though not quite as closea copy.

The screen shows a view troma spacecraft cockpit, completewith an on-board computer dis-play, monitoring energy levels.stardates and ship damage

Alien t igh te rs and me teo rshriwrrs WOO thP t h r n i m l,

The robots have gone berserk inthis new game for the Atari VCSconsole.

In Berserk yo u a re repre -sented by a small figure on thescreen which. is faced by roomsfull of aggressive robots.

You a re armed with a gunwhich fires only in the directionyou are moving and the robotsare blasting away too.

The secret o f good Berserkplayers' success i s t o ludgewhen discretion becomes th ebetter pa rt o f va lour and h e

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STARMASTERspace to the four motherships,which must be preserved fromalien attack, Any hits from thelighters will buckle the shieldsand gradually help to cripple thestarship Meteors can either bedodged or blown Out of the way

Only repairs on a Mothershipwill enable the starship to be-come fully functional again butlust it must manoeuvre to dockwith her

This game also features crosssights i n t h e ce n t re o f t h escreen These are fixed in thecentre and the whole screen ismoved in response to joysticklugging,

This represents the craft mov-ing rather than the guns swivet-long as these a re supposedlyfixed to the wings of the fighter

The cartridge costs E24 95 andshould have already found itsway in to your Atari cartridgesrrickisN

BERSERKs ou m a a a irea o r t e exi

This t ime usually coincideswith the appearance of the thirdcharacter on the game scene,This is Evil Otto, who looks de•ceptively pleasant

The game is the latest in theAtari catalogue and makes thetransformation from the arcadesto the home screen wit h n onoticeable compromises Thereare nine variations on the car-tridge which costs E29,95,

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ThE GRAPHIC DIFFERENCE BETWEENATARI COMPUTERS AND ALL THE OTHERS.

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Please send me FREE a brochure, price list and the addre—s—s

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Intro to BASIC I

Ltn opeall Cou i itr i e

3.7 million reasons why the Atari I iome,jomputer is something to see.ne display

creen used with our computers is composed)11,42 hor izontal lines. each containing 320

•lots. Delivering colour and luminosityTistructions to each dot for a second requires3.7 million cycles...a lot of work for the normali i-)502. processor.

• l'hat's why the Atari computer hasequipped its b502 with its own electronicassistant. It's called ANTIC, and it handles allthe display work, leaving the 6502 free tohandle the rest. What this means to you isuncompromisingly spectacular displaycapabilities without loss of computer powerneeded to carry out the demands of yourprogram.

That's a quality you just don't find inordinary home computers. And it's one of thereasons some computer experts say thatAtari computers are so far ahead of their time.

There's more...which is what you'dexpect from Atari Language The Atari HomeComputer uses several programminglanguages to give the user maximum controlof its extraordinary capabilities. PILOT,Microsoft BASIC and Atari BASIC are under-stood and spoken by the Atari computer.You'll also find our Assembler Editor cartridgeindispensable for machine languageprogramming.

Sound. An Atari compu ter has four soundgenerators. or voices, activated by a separatemicrochip. This leaves the principal micro-processor chips free to perform other tasks.And you can take full advantage of this capa-bility which is designed for easy programming.

Change. Atari Home Computers havebeen designed to make change and expansioneasy. The Atari computer has a modularoperating system that can be easily replaced asnew technology develops. If you need it.memory expansion requires no more thaninserting additional RAM modules.* And theAtari ROM cartridge system also makes it easyto change languages. In short, your Ataricomputer won't become obsolete by futuredevelopments...because it alreadyincorporates the future.

Sharing. To learn more about theamazing capabilities of Atari Home Compu-ters, either visit your local dealer or fill in thecoupon below.

The endgame is a notoriously diffi-cult task for the chess programmer."Brute force" chess programs rely-ing mainly on analysis, usuallyplay endgames very badly. How-ever there is a trick which enablessome endgames — those with asmall number of pieces — to beanalysed out completely. Thismethod, which was pioneered byMichael Clarke, a researcher atLondon University, is based onworking backwards progressivelyfrom "terminal" positions wherethe weaker side is checkmated. '

The analytic power which can makethe bes t programs extremelydangerous opponents in the middlegame is hopelessly weak for end-game play.

As an example, figure one showsan apparently innocuous position inthe King and Pawn against Kingendgame. White's only winningmove is K-QB2.

Whatever Black replies Whitecan now eventually promote hisPawn and thus win, but to demon-strate this involves an analysis of nofewer than 27 ply ahead (14 Whitemoves and 13 Black)!

The strong player does not evenattempt such analysis. He simplyrecognises fi gur e o n e a s a nexample of a class of positions inwhich White needs to play his Kingto the far side of the Pawn andselects the right move immediately.

I will illustrate Michael Clarke'smethod using the endgame Kingand Rook against King, assumingthat White is the side with the Rook.

Figure two is a terminal position— referred to as a win for White atdepth zero.

It is obviously possible to write alist of all such positions — or gener-ate it by computer.

Now, for each such position inturn, retract all possible legal lastmoves for White.

In figure two, White has sevenlegal "reverse moves", i.e. he mayjust have moved his Rook from RI,R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 or R7.

All these positions are forcedwins for White in one ply (all Whiteto move of course), of which one isshown in figure three. Finding wins

in one ply by reversing moves inthis way is known as "backing up".

A complication occurs in trying toback up a further stage to positionswhich are lost for Black in 2 ply.Retracting a Black move from figurethree gives two possibilities, theKing may have previously been on()RI (figure four) or on QBI (figurefive).

The former is a loss in 2 ply butthe latter is not (Black to move doesnot need to commit suicide by mov-ing to QNI, he can escape for awhile by playing to QI or Q2).

To distinguish between these twocases, a counter is set up initially forevery Black to move position of thenumber of legal Black moves.Whenever a position is generatedby reversing a Black move, its coun-ter is reduced by one.

Thus, for figure four, the count isinitially one; subtracting one giveszero — indicating that the position

a b C d e f ghF191

: 5 c de f g h

BY MAY BRAMER

76

4

32

is lost — in this case at two ply.However, for figure five, the

count is initially three; subtractingone gives two — indicating thatthere are two legal "antecedents"(with King on QI and 02) not yetshown to be losses.

Figure four is included in the col-lection of losses at depth two ply,and the algorithm proceeds by nowreversing all legal White moves toreach that position.

Reversing a Rook move from R2

t 76 de f

9 hFigs

say does not give a win at depththree (since that position is alreadyincluded in the set of depth onewins), but reversing a King movefrom ORS does (figure six).

The method continues in this waytreating White to move and Black tomove cases separately.

When retracting a Black move,simply reduce the "legal moves notyet shown to lose" counter of eachresulting position by one and in-clude a position as lost only whenthe counter becomes zero.

When eventually a le v e l i sreached from which no new posi-tions are discovered to be won bybacking-up, the process terminatesand any remaining legal positionsare not won for White (e.g. becausethe Rook is en prise to the BlackKing).

As an indication of what is in-volved, a four piece endgame has16 million possible positions witheach side to move and adding each

a b c d o f o h11-,g]

t:J ' d . i g h

additional piece multiplies this by64.

This number can be reduced bytaking advantage of symmetry, buteven so it is not likely that end-games with more than five pieceswill ever be solved in this way.

However, the potential "targets"include a number of interestingendgames, particularly the classicendgame of King, Rook and Pawnagainst King and Rook.

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500 I N I T I A L I Z E D I SAST ER ROUTI NE510 DATA 3 3 , 0 . 6 0 , 5 4 , 1 9 1 , 1 7 , 1 , 6 0 , 1 , 2 5 5 , 3 , 2 3 7 , 1 7 6 , 2 e 1520 x S -- • T H IS S TR IN G WILL HOLD MACHINE CODE FOR WHITEOUT

530 FOR I 4 1 T0 1 4540 R ER D J150 X 4 .X 4 N C H R 4 J)NEXT!lee@ • I N STR U C TI ON S / D I F F I C U L T Y L EVEL1010 C L S1020 P R I N T 8 2 7 7 ,-4 4 4 4 A N T I M A TT E R 0 0 00 "

1030 PR I N T040 PR I N T

1050 PR I N T "U SE YOuR SPAC EC R AFT'S mAGNETID F I E L D C OI L S T O GU I D E A M ETEOROID1060 PR I N T "OF AN TI M ATTER -I R ON $ AF E I N T O T H E CARGO HATCHJ I F I T TOUCHES T H E1070 PR I N T"H U LL OR AN OPERATI NG M AGNETI C C O I L , BEWAR E!1080 PR I N T

PRI NT"THE C OI L S AR E NUMBERED 1 - 9 AN D AR E AC T I VAT ED BY TH OSE KEYS, T H E1100 PR I N T N I D ER T H E CARGO HATCH, T H E FEWER C OI L S R R E m vp iL n e L E. U S E T H E1110 PR I N T"ZER O KE Y T O D EAC TI VATE C O I L S I F N EED ED .1120 PR I N T3eee INPuTneET DIFFICULTY LEVEL (13-2e) ",IDz e le • S E T U P SCREEN AN D RANDOM IZE M ETEOROID POSI T I ON2020 C L 82030 P RI NTB9 6 2 .—,2040 FO RI -I T09 W R I T E COIL NUMBERS2050 PRINT'.1e60 IFI<>971.IENRRINT”2070 N EXT !2080 F OR I •0 T 0 4 2 + I D ' D R AW ' H U L L ' W I T H 'C AR GO H ATC H '2090 S E T ( I . 4 4 )2100 S E T ( 1 2 7 - 1 , 4 4 )2110 N C I '2120 F O R I . 4 34I D T 0 0 4 - / D ' E R A SE N U MB E RS U ND ER ' HA TC H'

2130 REsET(I.45)214e NENT1215e X4R N D( 1 2 0) - 1 R ANDOM IZ E HORIZONTAL POSITION

2160 Y .R N D ( 1 5 ) - 1 R AN D O M I Z E VER T I C AL POSI T I ON2170 S E T ( X , Y ) D R A W METEOROID21ee V X .R 4 D ( 0 ) / 2 ' RANDOM I ZE HORIZONTAL VEL OC I T Y2190 I FX> 6 3 TH EN VK4 -VM R E V E R S E I F NEARER RICHTHAND ED GE2200 VY•0 ! ' Z ER O VER T I C AL VELOC I TY2210 i m . e • NO MAGNETIC COILS OPERATING3000 M AG N E T I C C O I L CONTROL3e1e AS - iN KE Y s • L OOK F O P C O I L CONTROL I N STR U C TI ON3020 I F A S4" " T H E N 40 0 0

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4000 V X . V M4F Z I P S I N (T H ) 4 D T ' N EW H O RI Z ON T AL V EL OC IT Y

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5020 I F R O I N T ( X F,Y F ) .0 T H E N 7 0 0 4 r O K I F I N C A RG O H AT CH

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COIL

Warning:This

programmay

damageyour

health!Fancy some explosive entertain-ment? Then program in this l ist-ing. I t explores one of the myster-ies o f the universe — antimatter.DAVID LANGFORD braves th edangers a n d brings yo u a run-down o n h o w t o ma ke spacetravel with your micro more realis-tic.You are invited on a deadly mission tothe head of the asteroid belt

SF butts will be well aware of theperils of antimatter. that stuff whoseatoms consist of positively chargedanti-electrons circling nucle i o fnegatively charged anti-protons. Intiny quantities i t s a n interestingscientific curiosity: a large piecewould be sudden death.

When matter meets antimatter theyannihilate one another, convertingmass to energy with near 100 percentefficiency — as compared to 0 5 per-cent maximum efficiency in a hy-drogen bomb.

One kilogram of matter plus onekilogram of antimatter would annihi-late with the explosive force of nearly43 million tons of TNT.

Naturally such lethal stuff wouldhave uses in weaponry and powerplants. and if it could be found float-ing free in space. people would soonbe taking risks to "mine" it . Theclassic approach is tound in Jack Wil-liamson's SF novel Seetee Ship. Withlittle electromagnetic coils you enticemeteoroids of anti-iron towards youand tow them through space — mak-ing sure they never get too close!

1

Antimatter: In tiny quantities i ts interesting — larger amounts can cause a few problems

This could be the basis of manynerve-racking computer games. Mysample program printed here gives afairly simple version. As usual in thiscolumn, it's not offered as a perfectand polished game but as somethingto set you thinking about your version.So although the listing is for a IRS-SO. the idea is transplantable to anymachine.

In this version, meteoroids appearand move with random speed acrossthe screen. At the bottom, a solidwhite line represents the hull of yourspacecraft — I t t he antimattermeteoroid should even touch it. multi-megaton disaster follows.

In the hull is a cargo hatch —whose width depends on the "diffi-culty level" chosen — and beneathare numbers corresponding to thepositions o f your electromagnets.Pressing one of the keys 1 to 9 causesthe appropriate magnetic coil to beturned on o n l y one can be used at atime — and pressing the zero keyturns it on. If the meteoroid can beguided into the hatch. then automaticmagnetic fields will store it safely.

What's interesting is that theseelectromagnets don't operate. as you

might think, by the inverse-square law— meaning that the pull drops by afactor of four when the meteoroid istwice as tar away. It's more like in-verse-fourth-power, with the magneticpull dropping by a factor of about 16when the distance is doubled.

This makes it deadly dangerous totry last-minute course corrections ifthe meteoroid is near the relevantelectromagnet — It'll dive-bomb it atonce thanks to the huge pull at closerange. My approximation of the mag-netostatic equation is spread throughlines 4040-4060: all the boring factorslike current and number of windings inthe electromagnet a r e bundledtogether as K in line 120. Make Kbigger and your magnets are pro-portionally more powerful.

If you prefer your meteoroids to besitting ducks, omit line 2180: it youfancy a little more aggro from them,try changing line 2200 to VY=FINO(0)13.

The sample program doesn't con-tain much else that's abstruse. Themachine-code whiteout i s straightfrom the Tandy manual. There's a bitof elementary trigonometry in lines4070-4090, splitting up the magnetic

pull into horizontal and vertical com-ponents so as to make a crude cal-culation (31 the changes i n themeteoroid's horizontal and verticalvelocity; lines 4130-4140 are equallycrude about its changing position inspace.

You know all you need to knowabout this meteoroid when you knowfour variables: horizontal and verticalposition, horizontal a n d verticalvelocity. Another couple of variablesand you could track it in three dimen-sions b u t the display would be aproblem!

Once again, you are challenged toimprove on this rough program. Couldit be made faster and more difficult?How about inserting a scoring system— perhaps like baseball, allowingyou to ignore a certain number ofmeteoroids which seem too high orfast to be captured safely? What if theelectromagnets could be switched torepel? Impossible: but this is sciencefiction! Or it the program dealt withmore than one meteoroid at a time?

Give it a try; let your imaginationrun riot; and let's hope all those multi-megaton antimatter explosions won'tbe injurious to the health.

Read this adYou: 'Darling, I've decided to buy a

computer."Her:"*"++**??!!***©XX??H**??!!? off!'You: "Yes, I know we could do with a

new washing machine. But the newDragon 32 Computer is much moreimportant. It's the first computeractually designed for all the family -and it costs under 2200!"

H e r : " * " +-1-? ? ! !@ E i ? ? ! f o r tu n e !"

You: "No, I'm not being selfish Com-puters are for the whole family andthey're going to play a big part in thechildreris future'?

Her: "Oh?"From this point

on, the conversationshould follow moreea sonable lines.flowing you to fully

explain the many advan-ges of the new Dragonfamily computer.

RAM FOR UNDER E200*.'For a start, the Dragon

offers 32K RAM. Your wife maynot understand that, so just tellher that the Dragon's capabilitiesare truly massive - at least twiceas powerful as its competitors,

with some features you won't findeven in more expensive units. The

Dragon will give you all the poweru're likely to need, and more, to

reate your own programs - along with

an exciting range of software which cando anything from helping with kids'spelling and arithmetic to creating yourown cartoons.

THE FIRST FAMILY COMPUTER.All of which brings you nicely to

the point where you tell your wife justhow much fun the kids will have withthe Dragon. How it will save her all that

anommlommiza

*Televisionnot includedin price.

DRAGON 32

./416•

money on thoseSpace Invader machines.

How it will magically translate simpletyped instructions into beautiful draw-ings and designs using set, line, circle,draw, scale, rotate and paint features, inup to 9 colours - and play and compose

toyourwifeSPECIFICATIONS

6809E MICROPROCESSOR. Pet, Apple, Atari 400,BBC Micro, and VIC 20 still have the less powerful 6502.32K RAM (as standard A t least twice the power ofsimilarly priced machines. Expandable to 64K RAM.EXTENDED MICROSOFT COLOUR BASIC as standard).Featuring: ADVANCED GRAPHICS !set, line, circle,

paint, print. draw. rotate and print using),ADVANCED SOUND 5 octaves. 255 tones.AUTOMATIC CASSETrE RECORDER CONTROL.FULL EDITING with INSERT and DELETE,

9 COLOUR. 5 RESOLUTION DISPLAY.

USE WITH ANY U.H.F. TV and/or separate M I . monitor.PROFESSIONAL QUALITY KEYBOARD.Typewriter feel. Guaranteed for 20 million depressions.PRINTER (Centronics parallel'.JOYSTICK CONTROL PORTS.

with 5 octaves of music. How it willengross your children in mind-bogglingadventures in dungeons and caves with-out even getting their knees dirty. Andthe Dragon works with any U.H.F. TV

THEY'LL LEARN AS THEY PLAY.And then you can casually point out that

although the kids are having fun,they're also learning. And withina very short space of time, thewhole family will be completely

• a t home with programming - withcomputer language - with every aspectof how computers work Which can't dotheir future prospects any harm at all.

BRILLIANTLY SIMPLEINSTRUCTION MANUAL.The Dragon is made in Britain,

designed with the help of British Univer-sities. And it's also worth remembering

111

that the Dragon's instruction manualis clearer and easier tounderstand than anyother home computer's.

That its top-qualitykeyboard is as easy touse as a typewriter, andso well made it's guaranteedfor twenty milliondepressions.

TAKE THE FAMILY DOWNTHE HIGH STREETAnd if she still wants to know more,

take her to see the Dragon 32. It'll soonbe available in most good stores - or youcan send the coupon for further details.

And if you're one of our many ladyreaders, please accept our apologies.

Perhaps you'd like to read this ad toyour husband.

Name

Address

DRAGON 32The first family computer.

For : Jean Webster. Dragon Data Ltd_ Queensway, Swans—e-al

Industrial Estate. Swansea. Glamorgan SA5 4E1Tel: 0792 580651.Please send me further information about the Dragon 32.

A member of the Mettoy Group of Companies.

T h e r e b e l s h i p h u r -t les t h ro u g h s p a c e i na d e s p e r a t e r a c e f o rl i f e . B e h i n d t h ea l r e a d y d a m a g e dsh ip a n E m p i r e s t a r -fi g h t er St a lks i t s v i c -t im .

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N=13)GOSUBeiGOSJB)GOSUBn

88 PLOT Q,(A4-3),(E14-1);PLOT 0 , < 8 . 4 - 3 > i < B4- 2 > P L O T

Q , ( A4 - 3 ) , ( 844 )90 PLOT C4,014-3),(B4-5);PLOT 0,(1:14-4),<B4-1>)PLOT 0,<A4- 4) , ( B4- 2)92 PLOT G ,( A4- 4) , ( B4.4) PLO T (4,(A4-4) ,<B4-5>

GOSUBiJO=15GOSUBk)GOSUB1)0=13)GOSUBk;GO5UBTI

94 PLOT Q , ( A4- 5 ) , ( 84 - 2 ) pLoT Q , < A 4 - 5 ) 1 < 6 1,3 > ; P L O T

0 , A- 6 - 5 ) , ( B+4 )96 PLOT 0,(A4-6),(1714-3)

GOSUBj;GOSUBn

98 PLOT 12,(A+7) ,BJPLOT 1:10(A+7) ,(84-1) ;PLO T 0 , ( 9 4 - 7 ) , ( B4 - 2 )100 PLOT 0, ( A+7) , ( B4- 3 ) ;PLO T Q ,<A4- 7) , ( 84- 4) ;PLO T cl,(A4-7),(8+5)102 PLOT 0,( A4- 7) , ( 84- 6) ;PLO T 0 ,<A4- 7) ,<B4- 7)

38

104 E=E-4-1sIFE>F AND Q =13 THEN GOSUBm106 R.

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• 22 N=13)GOSUBeiGOSJB)GOSUBn24 GOSUBJi0=15GOSUBkJGOSUB1,i0=13JGOSUBk;GOSUBn26 N=15;GOSU&F;N=13;GOSUBd;GOSUBLN=15;GOSUBe;NI3GOSUBc28 GOSUBiJO=15GOSUBk)GOSUB1)0=13)GOSUBk;GO5UBTI30 GO3UB.j;N=15;GOSUBdJN=13;GOSUBb;GOSUBj32 GOSUBj;GOSUBn34 N=15;GOSU8riN=13GOSUBa;GOSUBJ •

• 36 GOSUBjJGOSUBri38 N=15;GOSUBIDM=13;GOSUBhiGOSUBjM=15;GOSUBaiGOSUBh40 0=15;GOSUBkJGOSUB1 •42 GOTO1O1

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10vA=ABSRND%(128);13=ABSRND%(9 6-1 0 )- 4 -1 0 ; F = A B S R N D( I 0 )J E = 0

12 G =570- 1=1J I=5J Y=0;4=014 CLEAR216 FOR5=1 TO140)PLOT13,(ABSRND%<128) ) ,(ABSRND%(96) )J NEXT S

4 4 a P L 0 T N , 5 9 , 5 9 J P L O T N , 6 3 , 6 1 P L O T N,6 7,6 1 P L O T N,7 1,58

46 P L O T N , 7 1 , 5 5 ; P L O T N , 7 0 , 5 1 d D L O T N , 6 7,5 0 ; P L O T N,6 0,5 1,R .

4 8 b P L O T N , 5 3 , 6 3 ; P L O T N 9 , 6 8 ; P L O T N,6 9,6 9 ; P L O T N, 77,6 3

50 P L O T N , 7 9 6 P L O T N ) 7 6 , 4 6 ; P L O T N , 7 1 , 4 2 ; P L O T N 4,4 552 P L O T N , 5 1 3 J R .5 4 c P L O T N , 4 4 , 6 8 ; P L O T N , 5 5 , 7 7 ; P L O T N 1 7 0,8 0 P L O T N,8 6,6 8

56 P L O T N , 9 0 , 5 7 % P L O T N , 8 4 , 3 8 i P L O T N 6,3 2 P L O T N,4 6,3 9

58 PLO T N.40,52J R .6 0 d P L O T N , 3 5 , 7 4 ; P L O T N , 5 0 , 8 7 ; P L O T N , 7 1 , 8 9 P L O T N,9 5 . 7 362 P L O T N , 1 0 0 , 5 7 ; P L O T N , 9 1 , 3 2 J P L O T N,8 0,2 3 ; P L O T N,3 9,3 2

64 P L O T N , 3 0 2 J R .6 6 e P L O T N , 2 6 , 8 0 ; P L O T N , 1 0 3 , 7 9 J P L O T N,1 1 0,6 9 ; P L O T N,9 9,2 6

6e PLO T N ,84 ,14J PLO T N ,31 ,26 ;PLO T N ,20 ,50 ;R .7 0 C P L O T N , 1 8 , 8 5 ; P L O T N , 1 1 2,8 5 ; P L O T N,1 2 1,6 0 ; P L O T N,1 07 ,1 9

i c P L O T N , 8 8 , 5 ; P L O T N , 2 3 , 1 8 ; P L O T N , 1 0,5 0 ; R .7 4 g P L O T N , 1 0 , 9 0 ; P L O T N , 1 2 0 , 9 0 J P L O T N,1 1 3,1 3 J P L O T N,1 6,1 3 i R .

76hPLO T N ,65 ,55R .78iFORX=1T02 ;WAITJ NEXTX) R.80kPL1JT 0 , A , B P L O T 0 , A , ( 8,6 1 ) ; P L O T Q , A ,( 8 1 + 2 ) ; P L O T 0 , A , < B+ 3 /

1081IF A<5 5 THEN R=R-1-3110 I F A>6 5 THEN A =A - 3112 I F B<3 5 THEN 8=84-4114 I F B>4 5 THEN B = 8 - 4116 I F A>=55AND A<=6 5 THEN Fl"...ABSRND%<128)118 I F B>=35AND 8 <=4 5 THEN B=ABSRND7/.<96- 10) -4- 10120 R .1 2 2 m M O V E ( A - 0 - 3 ) , B ; D R A W < A4 ,3 ) , 0 ; W A I T ; W A I T J W A I T124 IF ( A4.3) >G AND(A4-3)<<G4-8) THEN P.S7rY=Y-1-1126 WRIT ;WRIT ;PLO T 7, ( A+3) ,8 ;WAIT J WAIT128 F=ABSRND%<10) E=0130 R .132nT =74 . 8002J T =T : #8F ; I F T =S8F T H EN I =7 ; G O SU Bo; G =G4-3 . I =5134 T =7 # 8 0 0 1 ; I F T =0 7 F T H E N I =7 J G O S U 6 o J G =G-3 I =5136 IFT=O FF THEN I = 5138 IFG>=120THEH G =1140 I F G <=0 THEN G =1201 4 2 0 M O V E G , < H 1 - 1 ) J P L O T I , G , H J P L O T I , ( G4 .8 ),H ) P L O T I, ( G + 8 ), (H + 1 )

144 M O V E K G - 0 - 4 ( 4 - 4 - 1 ) J P L O T I . ( G4- 4 ) , ( H4 -4 )

146 I F Y = 1 0 T H E N F O R N = . 0 8 0 0 0 T 0 # 9 0 0 0 S T E P 4 ; I N =-1 ; N E X T N ) C L E A R O14e IF Y=10T HENP.$30;P. " YO U RAVE BEEN VAPO RISED" ' ; G O T O x

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77 PRINT5TRINGS(24." ");CHRS(160);" ";CHRS(160)ICHk11(168);STR

I N G S ( 2 . 1 6 0 ) ; S T R I N G S ( 3 1 . 1 9 1 ) ;78 P R I N T ' • I S T R I N G S ( 3 . 1 6 0 ) 1 ' ' ; S T R I N G S ( 2 . 1 8 4 ) ; C H R g ( 1 8 8 ); C H R S ( 1 9 0 ) ; C H R 1 1 ; 1 8 9 ) ; C H R S ( 1 8 8 ) ; C H R S ( 1 8 0 ) ; S TR I N G S ( 2 . 1 8 8 ) ; C H R S ( 1 9 0) I C H R S ( 1 9 1 ) ; C H R S ( 1 9 0 ) ; C H R S ( 1 8 9 ) ; C H R S ( 1 8 8 ) ; C H R S ( 1 9 0 ) 1 S TR I N G S ( 3 5 . 19 1 ) ;80 P R I N T ' ' I S T R I N G S ( 3 . 1 7 6 ) ; C H R S ( 1 8 0 ) ; C H R S ( 1 8 4 ) ; S T R I N G 6 ( 2 . 1 8 1 3 ) ;S TR I N G S ( 5 4 . 1 9 1 ) ;81 P R I N T C H R S ( 1 8 0 ) ; C H R $ ( 1 7 6 ) ; C H R S ( 1 9 0 ) ; S T R T N G S ( 6 1 . 1 9 1 ) ;132 P R I N I S I R I N G S ( 6 4 • 1 9 1 ) f k I N fi A 6 k 1 1 J ) # " R L S 1 2 AN1 K I T T O CO NLI NUE n ' S83 I F / N K E Y 4 = " T H E N 8 365 CLEAR2000:RANDOM:RESTORE68 D / M P 4 ( 4 2 ) . 0 ( 4 2 . 6 )90 FO RA=1 T0 4 2 I RE ADP S (A)95 FO RBm I T0 6 1 RE ADD(A. B) ;NE X TR. A100 D I M N S ( 1 7 ) . N L ( 1 7 )105 F O R A = I T 0 1 7 : R E A D W A ) . N L ( A ) ; N E X T A110 DI MV S 1 1 1 )1 FO RA=1 T0 1 1 1 RE ADV S (A) :NE X TA115 FO RF=I 1014 :RE ADA:P WS =P WS +CHRS (A):NE X TF120 L C = 1 : D I N G N ( 1 7 )125 CLS : I NP UT'WO ULD Y O U L I K E A N I NTRO DUCTI O N * ; A $130 I F L E F T S C A 4 . 1 / . 0 * Y ' T H E N 1 4 0131 C L S 1 P R I N T T A B ( 1 0 ) ; ' . . ESCAPE FROM < < CO LDI TZL,,> A D V E N T U R E •:P RI NT132 P R I N T* TH I S I S A V E RY S I MP LE ADV E NTURE . THE RE ARE NO TREASURE

TO RE FO UND. P O I NTS TO BE SCORED O R WHATEVER. *133 P R I N T ' A L L YO U HAVE TO DO I S E S CAP E .

BEFORE Y O U CAN BE G I N A N ESCAPE ATTE MP T. Y O U MUST CO LLE CTA PERSONAL C I V I L I A N ESCAPE K I T . '134 P R I N T ' T H I S CO NS I S TS O F( 1 ) A COMPASS( 2 ) A DOCUMENT( 3 ) A MAP( 4 ) A UNI FO RM( 5 ) A M E AL'135 PRINT* BEWARE O F S E ARCHLI G HTS . G UARDS AND WHEN A N ,A P P E L \ I SSOUNDED. I T I S ADV I S ABLE TO A T T E N D . '136 I F I NKE Y . m * * THE N1 3 6137 CLS 1P RI NT'S O ME O F THE COMMANDS AV AI LAbLE ARE : -CO. G E T . DRO P , LO O K. O P E N. S A Y . I N V E N I E T C . '138 I FI NME Y 1 1 . . "THE N1 3 8140 CLS I P RI NT"Y O U ARE A T • ; P S ( L C /142 TV = 0 ; FO RK= I T0 1 7 : 1 FNL( K) . LCANDK< > 1 7 ANDK< > 1 0 THE NTV •- 1144 NE X TKI I FNO TTV THE N2 2 0150 P RI NT•ARO UND Y O U THERE I S ; - "160 F O R K,I T 0 1 7

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170 I F ( K . 1 7 ) 0 R ( K = E ) O R t ( K = 1 0 ) A N D ( L C = 3 4 ) / O R C (1L = 1 2 ) A N D ( L C .1 5))T H E N1

90180 I FN L( K ) m LC TH E N P R I N T•A * / N S ( K )190 NE X TK2?0 V B S = " : N 0 1 1,= “ : C$ = " T P R I N T : I NP U T ' W H A T S H AL L I DO • ; C SL I E C0 0 . "

THEN220230 F O R K = I T 0 L E N ( C 1 ) : I F M T D S 4 C 1 I t K p 1 / = " T H E N 2 4 0 E L S E V B S . V 81.4 .M I D S ( C S

pKr 1 ) :NE X TK235 I FVB0=CSTHENN010. VBS:G O T0245240 N O S = R I G H T S ( C I , L L N ( C S )-K )242 I FV 8 1 W S A Y • TH E N 3 7 0244 I FC1 0 . * CUT WI RE •ANDLC=9THE N360245 I F ( N ZY W N O R TW O R N O W N E S T 'U k N O S m 'E A S T 'O R N O W S O U TW O R N O S ••U T4ORNOS=•DOWW/THEN246ELSE247

246 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0247 I FV BI W O P E TO THE N1 0 0 0248 I F V 8 1 1,= • R E A D•T H E N 3 1 1 0

249 I FV O S . C I THE N2 7 0250 FO RK= 1 T0 1 7 1 TE NS ( 1 0 , , NO S THE NNE X TK: P RI N1 1I D O N ' T K N O W W H A T A

• ; N O S ; *. I S 1 • 1G OT 0 22 0

?ns I F V E W D R O P•T H E N 3 50

260 I F N L ( K 1 - , > L C A N D N O T L N ( K ) T H E N P R I N T•T H E R E I S N ' T O N E H E R E . ' 1 G O T O 2

20270 I F V E 1 1 .0S T A W T H E NI 0 J 0 0

280 I F V B W P R E S S•T H E N 1 0 1 0 0290 FO RK 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I F V E 0 S, - ,V $( K ) T H E N N E X T K : F K I N T•I D O N ' T K N OW H OW T O D

T H A T . C O T 0 2 2 0300 I F V E I S1L O O K • T HE N 1 q 0

310 I F V B S . * I N V E N T•T H E N 9 0 0 032C I F R N D ( 6 0 ) = 2 3 A N D U C ' ' 4 ) A N D ( L C s,1 4 ) A N D ( L E X > 2 9) 1H E N G O S U B9 5 0 0

330 I F R N D ( 3 0 ) 1 4 A N D ( L C 1 ) T H E N S O T 0955 0

340 I FV E l i "G E T•THE N1 L0 0 0350 I F V B S = • D R O F•T H E N 2 5 0 0360 I FV 8 S = ° CUT•THE N3 8 0 0370 I F V B 1 W S A Y•T H E N 3 1 0 0380 I FV E I S . 'NE AD•THE N3 2 0 0390 i E V P ' W H I 1 • T H E N 5 0 0500 I F L C I 6 A N D N O S . * W A L L•T H E N 5 5 0510 F R I N T ' I WO ULDN'T DO THAT - Y O U MI G HT BRUI S E YOUR HAND l G O I0220550 1 0 ( 6 ) . - 1 : P R I N I • A FALS E O AK PANEL S L I D E S BACK TO RE V E AL -A SECRET STONE PASSAGE " 1 0 0 1.0 2 2 01000 I F N W W N O R T H1T H E N X = 1 E L S E I FN 0 W E A S T.T H E N X = 2 E L S E I FN O S. - *S O U T H

•THENX=31005 I F N O W N E S T • T H E N X = 4 E L S E I F N 0 I W U P•T H E N X 5 E L S E I F N0S =1 0B W W T H E

NX=.61010 I F X = 4 A N D N O 1 L D ( 5 ) A N D L C = 1 2 T H E N I-K I N T.A B L A N K S T O N E W A L L B A R S 1

- HE WAY W E S T . ' : 0 0 T 0 2 7 01015 I FX = 2 ANDNO I LD( 6 ) ANDLC1 6 THE N1 4 01020 I F X - , I A N D ( ( N 0 T E D ( 1 ) A N 0 L C = 4 ) 0 k ( N 0 I L D C 3 ) A N D L C 2 2 ) ) T H E N P R I N I• 1LOCKED DOOR BARS THE WAY N O R T H . ' : 6 0 T 0 2 2 01030 I F X = 3 A N D N O T L D W A N D L C .,1 1 T H E N P R I N T•A L O C K E D D O O R B A R S T H E W A

Y sourm.6oTo2201040 TFx = 2 ANDNO TLD( 4 / ANDLC= 1 7 1 HI NP RI NT•A L O C K E D D O O R B A R S T H E W A

FAST•:G O TO ?201050 I F X - 4 A N D L C - 1 50A N D N o 1 L O I 2 1 T H I NP R I N T•A L U C K ED D O OR W AR S T HE 16,

Y W E S T . . : 6 0 T 0 ? 20v 1 0 6 0 I F ( I C , 7 A N D X .

-- 1 / 0 R ( L C = t / A N D X -Z A N D L D c 4 » u R c i _ C -2 N A N D(x-I O R X. 2 ) ,

THE N1 0 7 0 F1 S E 1 1 101070 I FNO TE KTHE NP RI NT'Y O U C A M : I ATTE MP T A N ESCAPE HEREYOU H A V E N 'T C I A N ESLAEE K I T 11• ! r o l o — L u1080 I FLO = 2 8 A N D ( X = 1 0 A X , 2 ) A N D N O TG A M TH E N P R I N T• Y 0 U 'LL NE E D A ROPL

TO G E T DOWN THFRF l '1 O O 1 0 2 2 0 E L8 E I F( LO - 2 8 ANDX . , 1 ) THE NFRI NT'A SEARCH-Li G HT G LARES YO U FU LL I N THE FACE I l l ' : F 0 R F = 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 : 4 E X T F : G 0 T0 1 5 0 0 0 E L S E T F ( 1 C . . 2 8 A N D X = 2 ) T H E N1 6 0 0 01090 TFX =2 ANDLC. 1 7 THE N1 5 0 0 01100 I F X = I A N D I C = 7 T H E N I F R N D ( 2 ) = 2 1 H E N 1 6 0 0 0 E L S E1 5 0 0 0a 1 1 1 0 T F L C = 9 A N D ( X . 1 0 R X

-. 4 ) 1 H E N P R I N T ' A N E L E C T R I C B A R E E D W I RE P R E VE N

I S ESCAPE HE RE O l * LBO T0 7 2 0111? T F I E = 2 7 A N D X-1 A N O N U T G N ( 8 ) TH E N L C .- 9T X = 6 : G O T0 1 1 2 0

MK BY STUART WILKINSON

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•-•7). 1115 I FLC. 7 1 ANDX . . S ANDNO TG N(2 / THE NP RI NT'Y O U'LL NE E D A LADDER TO C IET U P THERE 0 ' 1 G 0 T 0 2 2 0 t

0

, I f 0 1130 IFLC=6ANDX1THENPRINTSUDDENLY A GUARD S TE P S O UT I N FRO NT 1120 TFLC9ANDX=6THENPRINT'SUDDENLY A SEARCHLIGHT GLARES YOU FUL

L T N THE FACE 0 F O R R 1 T 0 1 0 0 0 1 N E X T R 1 G O T 01 5 0 0 0

.1111

F Y O U . ' 1 I N P U T•W H A T I S T H E P A S SW O R D ' 1 G C S TI F G G S t) P W S T HE N1 5 0 0 0E L S E

0

P R I N T 'O . K . Y O U MAY P AS S THROUGH. ' 1 F O R F 1 T 07 5 0N E X T F1140 LC. O (L_CpX / v fi t

IS 1 1 5 0 TFLC. 5 THE NP RI NT'THE GUARD O N DUTY STO PS Y O U. * : I NP UT'W HAT I SYOUR I D E N T I F I C A T I O N ' T I D I A I F I D S ' S H O W CARD•ANDIDS<_>* PASS CARD'

4PASS C A R D O R N O T G N ( 1 5 ) T H E N1 5 0 0 0

J 1 1 6 0 G O T0 1 4 0mv.,z.' 2 0 0 0 I FCR. 7 THE NP RI NT'Y O U C A N ' T CARRY ANY MORE THI NG S 0R A N D I D S e," S H O W '

( PERHAPS YO U COULD DROP SOMETHING ? ) ' 1 G 0 1 0 2 2 0 17 1

2010 I FNO S . * Ci l ARD'O RNO S . 'W ALL'THE NP RI NT'DO N'T B E RI DI CULO US 0• : G010220 •

f31 2 0 2 0 I F N O * . ' B U T T O N ' T H L N P R I N T ' I T I S F I X E D TO THE DE S K 0 0 '1 G O T0 2 2 02030 F O R K = I T 0 1 6 1 I F N 0 11' p N O ( K ) T H I N N E X T K

Ti 2 0 3 5 I FO N( K) THE NP RI NT•Y O U'RE ALREADY CARRY I NG I T 0' 1 G O T 0 2 2 0 E L S E G

N( K/ . . - 12040 P R I N T ' O . K . * : C R . C R- 0 -1 1 N L ( K ) =0.. l

jA L 2 0 4 5 I F K <.> I A N D K O

,,5ANDK9AND11,-‘10ANDK<>12THEN2060

2050 I FG N(1 )ANDG N(5 )ANDG N(9 / ANDG N(1 0 / ANDG N(1 2 )THE NE K. -1 1 P RI NT'Y O0 HAV E NOW GOT YOUR PERSONAi C T V I I T A N F s r A F T K I T 0'2060 G 0 T0 2 2 0

*

I

2500 F O R K = I T 0 1 7 1 I F N O S < > N10(K)T H E N N E X T K

2510 I FN O S = 'W A LL'O R N O S G U A R D 'TH E N P R I N T 'D O N 'T S T U P I D 0G O T O 2202520 I FNO TG NO O THE NP RI NT•Y O U'RE NO T CARRYI NG I T 0 G O T 0 2 2 0 T i

II; 2522 I F E K A N D ( K = 1 0R 1 0 . 5 O R K ,9 O R K = 1 0 O R K w1 2 ) T H E N P R I A T 'Y O U NO L ON GE R H

AVE A FU LL PERSONAL C I V I L I A N ESCAPE K I T . U 0 . 02530 C R . C R - 1 1 N L ( V ) L C : G N ( K ) . 01P R I N T ' O . K . '1G O T0 2 2 0

3000 I FNO TG N(A)THE NP RI NT'Y O U NEED A K N I F E 0 0' 1 G O T 0 2 2 03010 I FNO 4=•WI RE•ANDLC-9THENPRI NT'AAAAAAARRRRG G HHHHHH 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0

10000 V O LTS HAV E J U S T RUN THROUGH Y O U, CO NVERTI NG YO U I N T O A l il i ;" F R A Z Z L E 1 0 ' 1 E N D3020 TE NDS ' 'W I R E 'TH E N P R I N T 'W H A T 'S THE P O I NT I N CUTTI NG YO UR • ; t q D

-

,"OW ?GOT0220K

3030 P R I N T ' O . . ' / G N ( 8 / =-1 1 N L ( S)=9 9: G0T0 2 2 0

3100 P R I N T ' O . K . ' 1 N O S 1 G O T 0 2 2 0

Alli 3 2 0 0 I FN 0 4 . 0 'TA G 'A N O N 0 4 4 • D O C U M E N T• A N O N O . * P A S S CARD'ANDNO S <>•MAP 'THE NP RI NT'T D O N ' T KNOW HOW TO RE AD A •1 NO S : G 0 T0 2 2 03210 I FNO S . "DO CUME NT'ANDNO I G N(5 / THE NP RI NT'Y O U D O N 'T HAVE A • ; 1 4 0 $

I ' 1 G 0 T 0 2 2 0

A 0 S 1 G O T 0 2 2 0 3220 IFNOWMAP•ANDNOTGN(1/THENPRINT'YOU DO N'T HAV E A M A P . G O T O

2203230 I F N 0 1 1 P A S S CARD'ANDNO TG N(1 5 )THE NP RI NT'Y O U D O N 'T HAV E A .; N

3250 I FNO S ="DO CUME NT'O RNO S P AS S CARD•O RNO W MAP 'THE NP RI NT'THE RE '-•"11‘11

' ' ' 1'S NO P O I NT I N READI NG I T . ' : G 0 T 0 2 2 03260 P R I N T I T S AY S D E R B E U T E L M A U S ' G O T 02 2 0 5

.1.0,.= Z i t ,

l i . 0 2 2 0

3240 I FNO W TAG 'ANDNO TG N( 1 6 / THE NP RI NT'Y O U D O N 'T HAV E A T A G . G U T..

? 4 0 0 0 I FN O S '0 0 0 R'ANDNO S < ‘ 'P ARCE L'ANO N0 1 1 , - * CUP RO ARD'THE NP RI NT' l

DON'T KNOW HOW TO OPEN A ' ' 1 N O S T " ' G O T 0 22 04010 I FN O W C U P P O A R W TH E N P R I N T 'TH E CUPBOARD WO N'T OPEN - I T S LO

illl i C K E O . * : G O T 0 2 2 0

4020 'E N O S - - " P A R C E L " T H E N1 0 5 04075 I FNO TG N(1 1 )THE NP RI NT'W HAT P ARCE L - v r ? . : c o r o z z o4030 G N ( 1 1 ) = 0 1 N L ( 1 1 ), ,9 991 G N (1 2) =- 1 1N L( 1 2 0 14 ;

Ili

T 4 0 3 5 P RI NT"THE RE I S A MEAL I N I T I P.

4040 G 0 T0 2 0 5 04050 I FNO TG N( 3 ) THE NP RI NT"Y O U'LL NE E D A KE Y TO G E T THROUGH THAT 0

111

OOR " T G O T 0 2 2 04060 I F L C = 4 O R L C = 1 1 T H E N L O ( 1 ) =- 1: G O T0 4 1 1 01 4 0 7 0 I F L C = 1 9 O R L C . 1 8 T H E N L D ( 2

)=- 1/ G O T0 4 1 1 0

4080 I F L C = 2 2 O R L C = 2 1 T H E N L O ( 3 ) =- 1: G O T0 4 1 1 0

4090 I F L C . 1 7 T H E N L D ( 4 ) =-1 1 G 0 T0 4 1 1 0

4100 P RI NT"THE RE I S N ' T A LOCKED DOOR HERE l ' / C O T 0 2 2 0

1.:I.) 4 1 1 0 P R I N T * O . K . I T S O P E N . G O T 0 2 2 09000 P RI NT"Y O U ARE CARRYI NG 1 - ' ' I NV E NTO RY 1 1 1 19010. - 1 1 P R I N T ' A "11411(K) 1 °171:.5 F O R K = 1 T 0 1 7 1 I F ( K = 1 2 A N D G N ( 1 1 / ) O R K = E I T H E N N E X T K E L S E I F G N ( K / T H E N I T

! I 9 0 2 0 N E X T K 1 I E N O T I T T H E N P R I N T•N O T H I N G .

' N "9030 I O : C O T 0 2 2 09500 CLS 1 P RI NT"A GUARD SUDDENLY APPEARS AND SEARCHES YO U . . . . • / M 2 ,

9510 P R I NT"HE F I N D S : - " 1 1 - V = 0 7 • 3 i ;9520 FO RK= I T0 1 6 1 I FG N( K) THE NP RI NT•A "1 1 4 0 1 0 0 1 TV . - 1

i " 9570 IFLEFTSCA$11) Y T H E N 9 6 1 0 • $, - ) * • 1:1 1 1

9530 NE X TK1I FNO TTV THE NP RI NT"NO THI NG . Y O U MAY GO FRE E . " : RE TURN9540 F O R A . 1 T 0 2 0 0 0 : N E X T A 1 G O T0 1 5 0 0 09550 C LS 1 P R I N T ' < . < ' . . ( e ' A P P E L > > > > > >9560 I N P U T D O YO U WANT TO ATTE ND ( Y / N / A $

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e-....1. 9 5 0 0 I FG N ( 2 ) TH E N P R I N T"Y O U 'LL HAV E TO LE AV E THE • ; t 4 S ( 2 ) ;* H E R E . ' : , „ 1

1 1 G N ( 2 ) = 0 1 N L ( 2 ) , . L C 1 C F C R - 1

9590 I FG N ( 1 0 ) TH E N P R I N T 'Y O U 'LL HAV E TO LE AV E THE • ; N I . ( 1 0 ) ; ' HE RE .

9595 FO RF=1 T0 1 2 5 0 tNE X TF' 1 G N ( 1 0 /, ,O 1 N 1 ( 1 01 = L C T C R• C R- 1I ) / 4 1

01 1 0 I

9 4 0 0 L L - A : G U I 0 1 4 0

N ilnIN T,,1 -•e....LlYtiglittn..111411'ICE• .1.a."'ZitIgNINtr...""*.7t, 12 -A

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Colditz. The name strikesterror into the heart of everyprisoner o f war. The grimfortress i s a p p a re n t l yescape proof. Not even themost experienced escapershave managed to break outfrom with in its imposingwalls.

E v t l y-c w a y o f e cape has

been tlikcil-and f Ile t,

now o u r chance-tu,--achrev t h e impossible.

But fl st you have to--cyfr.-lect an e : 4-t Ea p e k i t . T h is c on -

sists o f a map, a compass.some food, a.iinifonsia-anddocuments. These itt-rmr-gr-essential f o r survival out-side Colditz and no escapeis permitted without them.

There are 42 rooms to ex-plore and many hazards toavoid. T h e s e i n c l u d esearchlights, alarms, spotsearches by guards and the“appel" or roll call. 1

The proginkunderstailds

!,•s t w o word commands and.y t h e r e is an extensive arrayrn o f error messages.y T h e only direction corn-te m a n d s you have to use are;rs n o r t h , south, east, west, upII a n d down. I f a direction isig n o t possible your previousl o c a t i o n w i l l 1?edisplayed.cis B u t beware,Soinie locationsi t - 'Iok i n t ica l I l t e r s . To

,,.--,,,,,--•

UI -

ss,

reut-pert.!x -to

de)otthe

e, 4capt_E2L whet E• ,,, i ) u a r e

simply type in LOOK. T oist what you are carrying

type INVENT.The printout is set at 64

characters wide and the endof each l in e o f prin t ingshould correspond to theend o f each l in e o n th escreen as the program is

ped in.Here's a little test for you

while you are typing in thelisting. See i f you can out-smart Screaming Foul U p

1 by spottirs-5---1-he non fatalerror in lin 131!


RUNS ON A UM IN UKThe fox is a c unnmg c reature. I t can out wit t he mos t ex per i -enced pack of hounds and baffle the farmer who keepsloosing chickens to this swift and silent hunter.

Now you can attempt to trap the elusive animal in thisoriginal game for the Sinclair Z.X81. You are the master of thehunt, in charge of a ferocious pack of hounds. All you have todo is manoeuvre your hounds into a position to catch the foxaround a chess board style display. There's just one problem.The fox is virtually invisible.

It only appears briefly at the start of the chase, when itleaps over one of the pursuing hounds or when a houndattempts to move into the same square which the fox isoccupying. The program includes an easier version of thegame for beginners which allows the player to see the foxwhenever it moves. But we know Computer and Video Gamesreaders don't like things too easy — do you!

Although the entire program is written in Basic the re-sponse time is rapid. Slow mode is used apart from the initialsetting up of the board, giv ing a constant and fl icker freedisplay.

The game is won once the fox is trapped. Out you lose if thefox egcapes to the bottom of the screen. As master of the huntyou can choose how many hounds you wish to use in thechase — any number from three to eight. This gives aconsiderable range of difficulty.

The program inputs are error trapped, arid non-valid inputssimply result in the input being requested again.

BY CORDON STEVENSl e R A N D2 0 R E M R E S E R V E L I N E S F O R B R 5 I C

I N L O W E R S C R E E N3 0 P O K E 1 6 4 1 8 , 24 0 C L 5s o P R I N T T A D 1 0 ; _ " " " F O X A T D U S K .

- - - „ , " T R A P T H E F O X S O I T C A N N OT H O v E . F O X A N D H O U N D S M O V E O N E 5P A C E D I A G O N A L L Y U P O R D O U N , B UT T H E F O X M A Y L E A P O V E R A H O U N D

, E N T E R M O V E S C O L U M N F I R S TT H E N T H E R O W . . E . G . 1 1 I S B O T T O ML E F T C O R N E R . " „

6 0 P R I N T - A T D U S K T H E F O X C AN O N L Y B E S E E N A T T H E G A M E S T AR T , W H E N I T L E A P S O V E R A H O U N D ,O R W H E N A H O U N D T R I E S T O M O V EI N T O T H E S Q U A R E T H A T T H E F O XI S I N .-„ ,„ „ " WO UL D YOU PREFER

T H E E A S I E R G A M E W H E R E Y O U S E E T H E

4...F O X W H E N E V E R I T M O V E S ? "

7 0 I N P U T B $ee l L E T I = 5 $ ( 1 ) = " Y "9 0 C L 5

1 0 0 P R I N T A T 4 , 0 ; " H O W M A N Y H OU N D S W O U L D Y O U L I K E T O U S E ? ( F R OM T H R E E T O E I G H T )

1 1 0 I N P U T H $1 2 0 I F H $ > " 8 " O R H $ < " 3 " T H E N G O

T O 1 1 01 3 0 L E T H = C O D E H $ - 2 81 4 0 F A S T1 5 0 R E M 5 E T A R R A Y F O R P L A Y A R E A1 5 0 D I M A $ ( 5 , 8 )1 7 0 L E T 6 $ = " A ) 5 O R A < 1 O R 8 ) 8 0

R E t < 1 "1 6 0 C L 51 9 0 R E M R E S E R V E N O L I N E S F O R

e R s I C2 0 0 P O K E 1 6 4 1 8 , 02 1 0 R E M D I S P L A Y B O A R D2 2 0 F O R A = 0 T O 72 3 0 F O R 5 = 0 T O 22 4 0 L E T D = 3 * ( R - 2 * I N T ( A / 2 ) )2 5 0 F O R 0 = 0 T O 32 6 0 P R I N T T A 5 ( 0 * C * 5 ) ; " N . 0 " ;2 7 0 N E X T C2 5 0 N E X T B2 9 0 N E X T A3 0 0 P R I N T A T 2 , 2 5 " F O X A T " , T A B

2 5-"mmimmmm" ;TAB 26;"DU5K";TAB 25

.310 REM PUT 5"5 INTO NON-PLAY

S O U R R E S3 2 0 F O R R = 1 T O 83 3 0 F O R 6 = 1 T O 83 4 0 I F ( A 4 - 1 5 ) / 2 < > I N T ( ( R 4 4 3 ) / 2 ) T

r i E N L E T A S ( A , B ) = " 5 "3 5 0 N E X T B3 5 0 N E X T A3 7 0 R E M S E T U P H O U N D P O S I T I O N S3 8 0 F O R R = 1 T O 23 9 0 F O R 6 = 1 T O 84 0 0 I F N O T H T H E N G O T O 4 9 0

0 4 2 0 I F A $ ( 1 5 , A ) = " B " T H E N G O T O 4 74 2 0 L E T A $ ( 1 5 , A ) = " M "4 3 e L E T H = H - 14 4 0 L E T X = B4 5 0 L E T Y = A4 5 0 G O S U B 1 2 5 04 7 0 N E X T B4 5 0 N E X T A4 9 0 S L O W5 0 0 R E M S E T U P F O X5 1 0 L E T F = 85 2 0 L E T E = 2 * I N T ( 1 4 - R N D * 4 )5 3 0 L E T R S ( E , F ) = " F "5 4 0 G O S U B 1 5 0 05 5 0 R E M I N P U T M O V E5 5 0 P R I N T A T 7 , 2 6 , " 1

10L'E

" ; T A B 2 5

1

% I t at P l e i

; - f fl f fi N W-A T 1 0 , 27 ;

5 7 0 G O 5 U M 1 1 7 05 5 0 L E T A = Z6 9 0 G O S U B 1 1 7 06 0 0 L E T 6 = 26 1 0 P R I N T A T 1 2 , 2 7 ; " M M " ; A T 1 4 , 2

7 ;8 2 0 G O 5 U 5 1 1 7 06 3 0 L E T C = Z6 4 0 G O 5 U 5 1 1 7 06 5 0 L E T D = Z6 6 0 R E M I F M O V E A T T E M P T E D T O

F O X " S S Q U A R E , 5 H O W F O X5 7 0 I F A $ ( C , D ) =-F- T H E N G O S UM 1

5 0 06 6 0 R E M C L E A R M O V E D I S P L A Y6 9 0 P R I N T A T 7t2 8 ; " " ; T AB 2 6

; - " ; A T 1 0 , 2 7- " ; A T 1 2 , 2 7 "

-;AT 14,27;"

7 0 0 R E M C H E C K F O R V A L I D M O V E7 1 0 I F A B S ( A - C ) > 1 O R A B S f 5 - D )

> 1 O R A l l ( R , M ) < > " H " O R A $ ( C , D ) < > "" T H E N G O T O 5 5 07 2 0 R E M M O V E H O U N D7 3 0 L E T X = R7 4 0 L E T Y = 57 5 0 G O 5 L 1 5 1 3 3 07 6 0 L E T A $ C A , 5 ) =-7 7 0 L E T X = C7 8 0 L E T Y = D7 9 0 G O S U B 1 2 5 08 0 0 L E T A $ t C , D ) = " H "8 1 0 R E M S E L E C T F O X H O V E8 2 0 L E T M = 08 3 0 F O R U = F - 1 T O F 4 1 S T E P 25 4 0 F O R V = E - 1 T O E 4 - 1 S T E P 28 5 0 L E T A = V8 6 0 L E T 5 = U8 7 0 R E M T E S T I F M O U E O F F B O A R Deeko I F V A L 5 $ T H E N G O T O 1 0 0 08 9 0 L E T T = 09 0 0 R E M T E S T F O R P O S 5 I B L E L E A P

O V E R H O U N D9 1 0 I F R $ ( R15 ) = " M " T H E N G OT O 13

7 09 2 0 R E M T E 5 T F O R V A L I D M O V E9 3 0 I F A S ( A , 8 ) ( >- - T H E N G O T O 1

0 0 09 4 0 R E M S C O R E M O V E A N D R E C O R DI F B E S T 5 0 F A R9 5 0 L E T T = T 4 - 3 * R N D 4 - ( 8 ( F ) * ( 8 = 1 )9 6 0 I F T < M T H E N G O T O 1 0 0 09 7 0 L E T Y = 1 59 6 0 L E T X v i R2 9 0 L E T P I T

1 0 0 0 N E X T1 0 1 0 N E X T W1 0 2 0 R E M T E S T I F M O V E P O S S I B L E1 0 3 0 I F N O T M T H E N G O T O 1 4 3 01 0 4 0 R E M M A K E M O V E1 0 5 0 L E T R a t t E , F ) =-

" . 4%1 3

a •

• - — r

1 0 6 0 L E T A t O ( X , Y ) =-F-

1 0 7 0 R E M D I S P L A Y F O X I F L E A P I N GO V E R H O U N D1 0 6 0 L E T G = A 5 5 ( E - X ) ) 11 0 9 0 I F G T H E N G O S U B 1 5 0 01 1 0 0 L E T E = X1 1 1 0 L E T F = y1 1 2 0 R E M T E S T I F F O X U I N 51 1 3 0 I F Y = 1 T H E N G O T O 1 4 7 01 1 4 0 R E M D I S P L A Y F O X I F L E A P I N GO V E R H O U N D O R F O R E A S Y G A M E1 1 5 0 I F 0 O R I T H E N G O S U S 1 5 0 01 1 8 0 G O T O 5 5 01 1 7 0 R E M I N P U T F R O M K E Y B O A R D1 1 8 0 I F I N K E Y $ ( >- - T H E N G O T O 1 1 8

01 1 9 0 L E T C $ = I N K E Y S1 2 0 0 I F C $ =- - T H E N G O TO 1 19 0

1 2 1 0 I F C $ " 8- O R C$ <-1- T H EN GO

T O 1 1 8 01 2 2 0 P R I N T C $1 2 3 0 L E T Z C O D E C $ - 2 81 2 4 0 R E T U R N1 2 5 0 R E M P R I N T H O U N D1 2 8 0 L E T Z = 3 * ( X - 1 )1 2 7 0 P R I N T A T 3 * ( 6 - Y ) , Z ; " / a g. .; T R8 Z ; 1 1 1 1 1 "R; T A B Z ; 1 1 1-

1 2 8 0 T U N1 2 9 0 R E M P R I N T F O X1 3 0 0 L E T Z = 3 * ( E - 1 )1 3 1 0 P R I N T P T 3 * ( e a = f ) ; 2 ; " LB Z ; 1 11 11 1 1-; T R B Z;

1 3 2 0 R E T U R N1 3 3 0 R E M P R I N T B L A N K S Q U A R E1 3 4 0 L E T Z = 3 * t X - 1 )1 3 5 0 P R I N T A T 3 * ( 5 - Y ) , Z ; " " ; T R5 Z " " T A B Z-1 3 6 0 R E T U R N1 3 7 0 R E M T E S T F O R F O X L E A P O V E RH O U N D1 3 5 0 L E T A = U 4 - ( V - E )1 3 9 0 L E T 5 = W 4 - ( W - F )1 4 0 0 I F V A L 5 $ T H E N G O T O 1 0 0 01 4 1 0 L E T T = R N D1 4 2 0 G O T O 9 2 01 4 3 0 G O 5 U 5 1 2 9 01 4 4 0 P R I N T A T 5 , 2 5 "1 4 5 0 P A U S E 4 0 0 0 01 4 6 0 G O T O 2 01 4 7 0 G O S U B 1 2 9 01 4 5 0 P R I N T A T 5 , 2 5 . ; • 1 @ M I M M "1 4 9 0 G O T O 1 4 5 01 5 0 0 R E M F L A S H F O X D I 5 P L A Y1 5 1 0 F O R A = 1 T O 41 6 2 0 0 0 5 1 ) 5 1 2 9 01 5 3 0 F O R 1 5 = 1 T O 41 5 4 0 N E X T 51 5 5 0 P R I N T A T 3 * ( 8 - F ) , Z ; " -; T AZ ; " " ; T R 8 Z ;

•1 5 6 0 N E X T R1 5 7 0 R E T U R N

• •


F e d u p w i t h n a s tyg r e e n a l i en s fi r i n g th e i r n o i sy l aserg u n s a t y o u ? W e l l h e r e ' s a g a m eth a t wi l l b r i n g you b ack to ear th . I t'sa v e r s i o n o f t h a t o l d b o a r d g a m ef a v o u r i t e D r a u g h t s — a s p l a y e d i npubs, c l u b s a n d f r o n t r o o m s acro ssth e u n i v e r s e . M a y b e t h o s e a l i e n sw i l l t a k e a b r e a k f r o m d e s t r o y i n gt h e o d d p l a n e t t o e n j o y a q u i c kg a m e — i f t h e y c a n l a y t h e i r t e n t a -cl es o n a S p ec t r u m th a t is!

T h e g a m e i s fo r t w o p l a y e r s . On ep l a y e r u s e s g r e e n c o u n t e r s , t h eo th e r w h i t e . T h e r u l e s a r e e x a c t l yth e sam e as th e r e g u l a r b o a r d g a m e— sl ip o u t o f yo u r sp acesu i t , u n l o a dth e e l e c t r o n g u n a n d en j o y an e a r t hb o u n d g a m e fo r a c h a n g e .

4 04 55 06 08 08 1

A T

P R I N T I N KP R I N T I N KP R I N T I N KP R I N T I N KN E X T aF O R a = 8 T O

4 . 3 ; P A P E R

c1 c

1 5 C

2 04 ;

$.• a $$ ; 3 $

b $S T E P 4 : P R I N T

I N K 1 . . -j r . " . • A T42 COMPUTER & VIDEO GAMES

BY PAT NORRISRUNS ON A SPECTRUM IN 16K

2 R E M D I A M O N D S3 G O 5 U 5 5 0 04 P R I N T I N K 2 "

G O O R D fi r s t "5 P R I N T& P R I N T " S c o r e :

.,een=0"

7 P R I N T5 G O S U B 9 0 09 L E T c m = 0

1 0 L E T a $ =- 1 1 . 11 5 L E T c $ =-2 0 L E T b $ = " 1 " M .2 5 L E T c = 0 : E Ta o F O R 3 = 1 T O 4

: 9 8 2 M I L R O-E n t e r V E R T I C A L

- U h i t e = 0

1111 i M S O "NB

d = 0 - L E T j = 0

• • • • •• S .M .• • • • • • • • • •

\v0 •0° 1

't e, NEXT a

n a = 6 T O 1 8A T 6 . 3 . P A P E R 4 ,

7 . . . 15 ; 1 .3 1- NEXT 3

R 3 = 8 T O 2 0A T 8 . 3 . P A P E R 4 ;

N E X T a8 7 F O R a =E. T O 1 8

P T 1 4 . 3 . P A P E R 7 ;1 5 „ -3 ; " h a " : N E X T a

6 8 F O R a = 8 T O 2 0A T 1 6 „ a ; P A P E R 7 ;1 7 „ a „ ' A i d " N E X T a

8 9 F O R a =f › T O 1 8A T 1 8 „ a ; P A P E R 7 ;19 . . 3 . " hd i r • : N E X T a

5_40 I N K 19 2 P L O T 4 7 . . 1 4 4 . -

R1-) 0 . . - 1 2 89 5 D R A W - 1 2 5 „ 09 6 I N K 09 7 L E T t = 8

1 0 0 F O R a = 1 T O 81 0 51 0 71 1 01 1 51 2 01 2 51 3 01 3 52 0 0L E T

ao2

S T E P 4 P R I N TI N K 1 ; " . I " , A T

S T E P 4 P R I N TI N K 1 ; l i r . " .; FI T

S T E P 4 . _ P R I N TI N K 1 ; A r . " _ ; Fr r

S T E P 4 P R I N TI N K 1 ; " r . " A T

S T E P 4 : P R I N TI N K 1 ; r . ; A T

D R A W 1 2 8 , 0 : D R

D R A W 0 , 1 2 8

P R I N T A T • = 0 L .• G H R I; ( a + 4 7 )L E T = L + 2N E X T aF O R e = 1 T O 8P R I N T F I T e * 2 + 2 , 4 „ eN E X T eLET u =Rnr,,I F u - 5 T H E N G O T O 4 . 1 0L E T e = 0 : L E T a a = 0 , L E Ts = 0 : L E T z = 0 : L E T p = 1 -

S =0L E T

n = b : L E T o = b g2 1 0 P R I N T A T 1 0 , 2 5 . ; I N K 2 . . "1,-Jh i t

e s " , A T 1 1 „ 2E , , -m o v e " G O S U B 2 1 5 :

G O T O 2 2 42 1 5 I N P U T " I n p u t r o m / t o ( e 9 . 3 1

4 . 2 ) * ' ; fi2 2 0 I F L E N t o e _ ;-41 T H E N G O T O 2 0 02 2 1 F O R i-= 1 T O 4 .

2 2 2 I F ( C O D E ( i t 4 8 ) O R ( C O D Ei n $ U) 5 5) THEN GO TO 200

2 2 3 N E X T i R E T U R N2 2 4 L E T m = U A L m2 3 5 L E T = I N T ( m / 1 0 0 )2 3 6 L E T t = / N-r m - ( (* 1 0 0 ) )

2 3 7 I F a ( t ) < > 0 T H E N G O S U E, 2 4 2 :G O T O 2 0 02 3 8 L E T k = - t : L E T ; s = k : I F A 5 5k ; • 1 1 T H E N G O S U E 7 0 02 3 9 I F p = 0 T H E N G O 511E3 2 4 2 : G O

T O 2 0 02 4 0 I F A S S ( k ) < 1 2 A N D c no = 1 T H E NG O S U E 6 6 0 : G O T O 3 6 52 4 1 G O T O 2 4 52 4 . 2 P R I N T A T 1 4 . . 2 4 . I N K 2 ; " I N V A

L I D " ; A T 1 5 . . 2 5 , " H O V E " ! F O R U = 1 T O1 0 0 N E X T u : P R I N T A T "

" ;PT 15 „ 25 " " : RETURN

2 4 5 I F a ( ) =to b R a ( I ) = t o. ' T H E N r .T O 2 5 0

2 4 7 G O 5 1 1 E 2 4 - 2 : G O T O 2 0 02 6 0 I F a ( f ) = w A N D s < 9 O R s = 1 0 0

R 5 > 2 2 T H E N G O e a l s 2 4 2 : G O T O 2 00

2 6 5 I F 3 ( = t o g T H E N L E T z = 1 : G OT O 2 9 52 7 5 L E T a ( f ) = 0 : L E T a ( t ) = 0 0 : G O

5 U 6 3 1 7 : G O T O 5 2 52 9 5 L E T a ( f ) = 0 : L E T a ( t ) = W q : G OS U E 3 0 0 : G O T O 3 2 53 0 0 I F k m - 1 6 T H E N L E T a ( ( t ) - 9 ) =

03 1 0 I F k = - 2 2 T H E N L E T a t ( t ) - 1 1 )

= 03 1 7 I F k = l e T H E N L E T 3 ( ( f ) - 9 ) = 03 2 0 I F K = 2 2 T H E N L E T a ( ( f )-1 1 ) =3 2 2 R E T U R N3 2 5 I F 5 = 1 8 O R 5 = - 1 8 O R s = 2 2 O R5 = - 2 2 T H E N L E T c = c + 1 : P R I N T A T

14 . : c_..7)0 I F t = 1 1 O A t = l a O R t = 1 5 O R

t = 1 7 T H E N L E T a ( t ) =Egg3 3 3 G O S U B 3 3 5 : G O T O 3 4 03 3 5 L E T x = V A L m ( 1 ) * 2 + 2 L E T

? = V R L ( . 2 ) * - 23 3 7 L E T t x = V R L m $ ( 3 ) * 2 4 - 2 : L E T t

w = V R L m $ ( 4 ) * - 2 4 - 6. 3 3 8 P R I N T A T f x I t.J / P I K 1 ; "1 . 1 1 "„

A T + 1 , f t4 " M I " : R E T U R N3 4 0 I F P & S . k > 1 1 T H E N G O T O 3 E :

a3 4 3 G O 5 0 5 3 4 5 G O T O 3 8 53 4 5 I F a ( t ) =to T H E N P R I N T A T t x

t P R P E R 7 , I N K 1 . : ' k T t x + 1 ,t "Iwo"s 4 7 I F - 3 ( t ) = I t i g T H E N P R I N T A T t

„ t 9 , P A P E R 7 . ; I N K I ; " r e-. . A T t x + I

3 4 R E T U R N3 5 0 G O 5 , 0 5 3 4 5 • G O 5 1 1 5 3 5 5 : G O

T O 3 8 03 5 5 I F - l e T H E N P R I N T A T t x - 2

+ 2 I N K 1 , " 1 . 1 1 " ; A T t X -1 , t + 2 ; '. J 8 0 I F = - 2 2 T H E N P R I N T A T t x - 2

t - 2 ; I N K 1 „ "1 1 1 1 " , R T t x - 1 „ t y - 2 ; "

-.7;65 I F k = 1 8 T H E N P R I N T A T t x +2 _2_

t L4 - 2• ; INK 1.. "MI", AT tx t "1.

117*

3 7 0 I F k = 2 2 T H E N P R I N T A T t x

iy +2, INK 1.; "1111".; AT tx +3, t +2.; "II

2 r 7 5 R E T U R N380 IF s - -1 8 OR s 1 8 OR s - 2 2 OR s- -2 2 T H E N G OSUB 395: IF aa 4 1 0 THEN GO TO 385382 GO TO aa3 6 5 L E T c m = 0 : L E T s = 0 : I F c = 1 2

T H E N G O T O 8 0 03 9 0 G O T O 4 1 03 9 5 P R I N T A T 1 4 . 2 4 . . I N K 2 . . " I s m

o v e " „ A T 1 5 , 2 4 . ; " CO MP t e t e A T 1 6 . . 24 . ; " (44 or n)"

396 IF INKEYS " " T H E N GO TO 3953 9 7 I F I N K E Y $ = " n " T H E N P R I N T A T

A T 1 5 , 2 4 - , "" A T 1 6 , 24 . „ " : L E T c m

= 1 L E T a a = 2 0 0 R E T U R N3 9 8 I F I N K E Y $ = " o T H E N P R I N T1 4 „ 2 _ 40 " " AT 15 .24 ..


- : L E T a a" , A T 1 6 , 2 4= 4 1 0 : R E T U R N

3 9 9 G O T O 3 9 54 1 0 P R I N T A T 1 0 , 2 5 , I N K 2 , " G r e e

n s-, A7 11,26,-move"

4 1 5 L E T L E T a a = 0 1 : L E T q = 0 :L E T e = 0 : L E T 5 = 0 : L E T p = 1 : L E T

71=w: L E T o = w q4 2 0 G O S U B 2 1 54 2 5 L E T s = U A L m $4 3 1 L E T ( = I N T ( 9 / 1 0 0 )4 3 2 L E T t = I N T ( 9 - ( ( * 1 0 0 ) )4 3 5 I F a ( t ) c > 0 T H E N G O 8 U 8 2 4 2 :GO T O 4 1 04 3 7 L E T k = f - t : L E T q = k ! I F A B S

(I t. )> 1 1 T H E N G O S U E 7 0 04 3 8 I F p = 0 T H E N C O S U B 2 4 2 : G O

T O 4 1 04 3 9 I F A 6 5 ( k . ) ( 1 2 A N D c m = 1 T H E NG O S U B 8 6 0 : G O T O 5 5 04 4 0 I F a ( f ) = b O R a ( f ) = b q T H E N G

0 T O 4 4 64 4 2 G O S U B 2 4 2 : G O T O 4 1 04 4 6 I F a f f ) = b A N D 1 . 1 - 9 O R q = - 1 0O R % l c - 2 2 O R q = 1 T H E N G O s u B 2 4 2

: G O T O 4 1 04 5 0 I F a ( f ) = 1 5 q T H E N L E T e = 1 : G OT O 4 7 04 6 0 L E T a ( f ) = 0 : L E T a ( t ) = b : G OU 5 5 0 0 : G O T O 4 9 24 7 0 L E T a ( f ) = 0 : L E T a ( t ) = b q : G OS U B 5 0 04 9 2 I F q = 1 8 O R q = - 1 8 O R q = 2 2 O Rq = - 2 2 T H E N L E T d = d 4 - 1 : P R I N T A T

2 , 2 4 ; 44 9 4 I F t = 8 0 O R t = e 2 O R t = 8 4 O R

t = 8 6 T H E N L E T a ( t ) = b qS O O G O S U B 3 3 55 1 5 I F A B S ( k . ) > 1 1 T H E N G O T O 5 5

5 1 5 G O S U B 5 2 05 1 5 G O T O 5 8 05 2 0 I F a ( t ) = b T H E N P R I N T A T t x ,

t14 P A P E R 4 ; I N K 1 ; " 1 " 1 " ; A T

t 2 2 1 F a ( t ) = b q T H E N P R I N T A T t x,t 9 ; P A P E R 4 ; I N K 1 ; 1 " S " ; F . T t x + 1• t ; " S C5 2 5 R E T U R N

5 3 0 G O S U B 5 2 05 4 0 G O S U B 3 5 55 5 5 I F q = 1 8 O R q = - 1 5 O P q = 2 2 O Rq = - 2 2 T H E N G O S U B 3 9 55 5 7 I F a a = 2 0 0 T H E N G O T O 4 1 05 6 0 L E T c m = 0 : L E T q = 0 : I F d = 1 2

T H E N G O T O 8 2 05 6 5 G O T O 2 0 06 0 0 D I M a ( 9 9 )6 0 1 L E T b = - 1 : L E T w = 1 : L E T w q = 2

L E T b q = 36 0 5 L E T L E T 1 = 1 7

; 6 1 0 F O R c = h T O S T E P 28 1 5 L E T a ( c ) = b

• 6 2 0 N E X T c1 8 2 5 I F t = 1 7 T H E N L E T h = 2 0 : L E T8 t = 2 6 G O T O 6 1 0

6 3 0 I F I = 2 6 T H E N L E T h = 3 1 : L E Tt = 3 7 : G O T O 8 1 0

6 5 5 L E T h = 6 0 : L E T 1 = 8 8. 6 4 0 F O R c = h T O I S T E P 2= F , 4 5 L E T a ( c ) = w


6 5 0 N E X T c6 5 5 I F t = 6 6 T H E N L E T h = 7 1 : L E T

1_=771 G O T O 6 4 06 5 0 I F t = 7 7 T H E N L E T h = 8 0 : L E T

1 = 8 6 : G O T O 6 4 08 6 5 R E T U R N7 0 0 I F k = - 1 8 A N D ( a ( ( t ) - 9 ) = n O Ra ( ( t ) - 9 ) = 0 ) T H E N R E T U R N7 0 2 I F k . = - 2 2 A N D ( a ( ( t ) - 1 1 ) = n 0

a ( ( t ) - 1 1 ) = 0 ) T H E N R E T U R N7 0 4 I F k = 1 5 A N D ( a ( 4 f ) - 9 ) a n O R

a ( ( f ) - 9 ) = 0 ) T H E N R E T U R N7 0 6 I F k = 2 2 A N D ( a ( ( f ) - 1 1 ) = 4 1 O Pa ( ( f ) - 1 1 ) = 0 ) T H E N R E T U R N7 0 8 L E T p = 0 : R E T U R N8 0 0 P R I N T A T 1 0 , 2 5 , I N K 5 ; ” W H I T

E" 8 0 2 G O S U 5 8 0 5

8 0 3 G O T O 8 3 08 0 5 P R I N T A T 1 1 . 2 5 , I N K 3 ; " W I N S" , A T 1 5 , 2 3 , " A N O T H E R " ; A T 1 4 , 2 3 , "

G A M E 1 '- 5 2 0 P R I N T A T 1 0 , 2 5 , I N K 3 ; " G R E EN

8 2 5 G O S U B 5 0 58 3 0 I N P U T q $8 3 5 I F q $ ( 1 ) = " n " T H E N C L S : L I S

8 4 0 C L S : C L E A R : R U N 28 5 0 S T O P8 6 0 P R I N T A T 1 3 , 2 6 , I N K 2 , B R I G

H T 1 ; " D O N , T " 1, A T 4 , 2 5 , " C H E A T " : FO R v.= . 1 TO 100: NEXT v: BRIGHT 0:

P R I N T A T 1 3 , 2 8 ; " " ; A T 1 4 , 2 5R E T U R N

9 0 0 L E T 3 b = B I N 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : L E T 3 C= B I N 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 : L E T a d i s E i / N 1 1 1 1 1 00 0 : L E T a e = B I N 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 : L E T a f =B I N 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

9 0 1 L E T a q = B I N 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : L E T a h= B I N 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 : L E T a i = B I N 0 0 0 1 1 11 1 : L E T a j = B I N 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 : L E T a ) -S I N 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

9 0 2 L E T b a = a b : L E T b b = B I N 1 1 1 1 11 1 0 : L E T a L = b b : L E T b c = a c . L E T bd = 6 I N 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 : L E T b e = 5 I N 1 1 1 1 00 1 0 : L E T b f = B I N 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0

9 0 3 L E T b 9 = 3 9 : L E T b h = a h : L E T 8I = B I N 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 : : L E T b j . K B I N 0 1 01 1 1 1 : L E T b k = B I N 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1

9 1 0 F O R v = 1 4 4 T O 1 5 19 1 5 F O R d = 0 7 0 79 2 0 R E A D a : P O K E U S A C H A S ( v ) . p d

, a9 2 6 N E X T d : N E X T v : R E T U R N9 3 0 D A T A a b , a b , a b , a 1 . , a c , a d , a e , a

9 3 5 D A T A a b , a b , a b , 3 9 , a h , a i , a j t a9 4 0 D A T A a k , a j , a i , a h , a 9 , a b , a b , a

9 4 5 D R T A a f , a e , , a d , a c , a i , a b , a b , a9 5 0 D R T A b a , b a , b a p b b , b c , b d , b e , b

9 5 5 V R T R b aeb , a , b 3 , b g, b h , b i , b j0b

9 6 0 D A T A b k , b j , b i , b h , b s , b a , b a , ba

9 5 5 D A T A b f , b e , b d , b c , b b , b a , b a , b

1 = 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 M M I N I M I N E I V = S elp e l f t

M g o Sr" == g. . t 1 =

ATARIHiCROCOMPUTERS

= 1 1 1 -

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AIM 1 OM Omoot to a ova3 timeoe sontne . gams p laysg r e mj o l o l l o k 0 0 0 tral lo r 1 . M O Msyn o d as • p u n t. so 0 0 111.11Oroom to noon IAonipSolv stimiSio p rime wh i t .• • • • • 1 •4 3•10011••• and Wo tanosoolos lo so v to oumonnod M o o tUS A e s p ri sm ompSorst nnAMalmo@ ttmo Actiu m nnoomeI ao sti vo l y F lare d an a . se t Lao e nom,

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t o m a t o Mid d le fire = 1116 ab ayarl i s t wo rt rial l t to lo o s. bdoPoreO sl o p rime ono So a w a r e && M o o Q . p o v v i l l o s o l o ob o a tio to n mottos ploposo soso l i am N o m a . Poottsolon vim1.1,-tdm.•

A1'ARI

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BUNS ON A0 REM***CODEBREAVER 2 B Y G . S . J O N E S * * *

PRINT "3": G O T O 715 6ET A S: IF A S=""T H EN 5

RETURN67 F O R I =1T 09 : R EA D MS( I ) : N EXT 68 D A T A " A " , " B " , " C " , " D " , " E " , " F " , " G " . " H " .

.

10 PR I N T T A B ( 1 2 ) " A15 PR I N T T A B ( 1 2 ) " c o d e b r e a l e r " c

220 PR I N T T A B ( 1 2 ) " s25 P 0 K E 5 9 4 6 8 . 1 4 : P R I N T " t H E O BJECT O F T H E GAME I S TO BREAl"?

PET IN 8KBY GRAHAM JONES

Can you crack the hidden code? It can be set by the computer or by an opponent.The code is set by using numbers between 0 and 9. Clues to the code are shown atthe end of each line as you attempt to crack it.

Once you have entered the numbers you wish to try press the space key. Thiswill give you the clues. After entering the numbers and before checking the answeryou can delete the line and start again by pressing the E key.


30 PR I N T "A H ID D EN CO DE. t H I S CAN B E S E T B Y "35 PR IN T "A N OPPONENT I N T H E 2 PL AYER GAME O R"40 PR IN T "B Y T H E p e t I N T H E O NE PL AYER G A ME. "45 PR I N T " t H E CO DE I S SET B Y T H E U S E O F T H E"50 PRINT"NUMBERS BETWEEN 0 AND 9 AND A T T H E"55 PRINT "END O F EACH L I N E T H E CL UES A R E SHOWN"60 P R I N T " E . G . " : P R I N T " h I D D E N CODE a N S W E R c L U E S "65 PR I N T " 2 3 3 5 2 3 4 3 2 1 "70 P R I N T " 2 3 3 5 2 3 1 0 2 0 "75 PR I N T " 2 3 3 5 2 3 3 6 3 0 "80 PR I N T " 2 3 3 5 2 3 -C 5 4 0 "85 F R I N T " $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ " : P R I N T " PR ESS ANY K EY T O CO NT INUE95 PR IN T "EC C EC EEEEC EC EEL EEC EEEf f f f f f " : G O SU B 5100 PR IN T "3o N C E YO U HAVE ENT ERED T H E NUMBERS"105 PRINT "YO U WI SH T O T R Y PR ESS s p a c e - T H I S "110 PR I N T " WI L L G I V E YO U T H E ANSWER C L U ES"112 PR I N T " a F T E R ENT ERING T H E NUMBERS AND"114 PRINT "BEF O RE CHECKING T H E ANSWER YO U"116 PRINT "MAY D EL ET E T H E L I N E A N D ST ART "118 PRINT HAG AIN B Y PR ESSIN G T H E L ET T ER ,, e . "120 F R I N T " 1 4 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S S I M P * S * * * * " : P R I N T " P R E S S ANY K EY T O ST ART124 RRINT"CCEECCELEEEEEECCCEEEECEIC":GOSUB5126 R EM **SET PL A YER S* *128 P O I,E 5 9 4 68 , 1 2 1P R I N T" 3 ONE PLAYER OR TWO (1 OR 2)"

129 G O S U B 5 1 1 E V A L ( A $ ) ( 1 0 R V A L(A *)- 2 T H E N 1 2 9

130 I F VA L ( A S) =2 T H EN 1 7 5133 REM**O NE PL AYER S E T * *135 F R I N T " 3 O NE PL AYER G AME": G O SUB2400140 P R I N T " T H E P E T W I L L NOW SET A CO DE"150 F O R J = 1 T 0 1 0 0 0 o N E X T : P = 1 : F O R N = 1 T O T : 4 ( N ) = I N T ( 1 0 * R N D(1 )): N E X T

160 G O SUB2000: G O T 01000175 REM**TWO PL AYER S E T * *180 H = 1 : X = 2 : B = 0 : Z = 0 : C = 0 : V = 0185 F O R N =1T O T : A ( N ) =u : N EXT : P=2190 P R I N T " 3 TWO PL AYER G AME"IG O SUB2400195 PR I N T 'HOW MANY ROUNDS ( 1 T O 8 ) ' " ;200 G O S U B 5 : I F V A L ( A $ ) < 1 0 R V A L ( A411) 8 T H E N 2 0 0

205 U =V A L ( A S ) : P R I N T U I Z =U * 2210 PR IN T "3PL A YER "H "SET CO DE"215 P R I N T T A B ( 5 ) : F O R I = 1 T O T : P R I N T M 41( I ) " " I : N E X T : P R I N T225 P R I N T T A B ( 4 ) " l : F O R N = I T O T : 6 O S U B 5 4 A ( N ) = V A L ( A S ) P R I N T A ( N ) " " : N E X T250 F O RN=1T 01000: NEXT 4G O SUB20001000 R EM**PL A Y G A M E**1005 L = 0 : L L = 01010 I F P =2 T H E N P R I N T " T A B ( 1 9 +T ) " P L A Y E R " X1012 P R I N T " i I F L L.> 9 T H E N P R I N T" "

1015 W=04R =01020 P R I N T T A B ( 0 ) 4 t F O R N = I T O T : 6 O S U B 5 : E ( N ) = V A L ( A * ) 4 P R I N T E(N ) " = = = ) " N E X T 4 G O S U B5

1025 I F A S <.> " E " T H EN 1 0 3 5

1030 P R I N T : P R I N T T A B ( G ) " 1 " 4 : F 0 R I =1 T 0 T : P R I N T " " 4 1 N E X T I 4 P R I N T " 1 " : G O T 0 1 0 1 51035 G O SU B 2 5 0 0 : PR I N T ""R "===) "4 4 "===) "1040 L =L 4- 14 IF R =T T H EN 10651045 I F L <1 0 T H E N 1 0 1 51050 L L =L L +L : G O SUB2300: G O SUB20n 01055 P R I N T " T A B ( 0 ) 4 : F O R N = I T O T : P R I N T E ( N ) " = = = ) " N E X T : P R I N T ")" ;1060 P R I N T R " = = = ) " W " = = = ) " : L = 1 : 0 0 T 0 1 0 1 01065 P R I N T " T A B ( 0 ) 4 F O R I = 1 T O T : P R I N T A ( I ) " = = = ) " 4 : N E X T : F R I N T " CONGRATULATIONS"1070 I F F =2 T H E N 1 0 8 51075 0=L +L L : F O R N =1T 05000 : N EXT1080 PR I N T "3YO U MADE"0"MO VES"IG O T 02350

2 1 0 8 5 I F H = 2 6 0 T 0 1 0 9 51 090 V=V+1.4-LL:H=2:X=1:GOT01100

1095 C=CI-L -4-LL:H=1:X=28 1 1 0 0 F O R N =1 T 0 5 0 0 0 : N E X T : B =8 +1 1 I F S Z T H E N 2 1 0

1105 P R I N T " 3 " T A B ( 6 ) "PL AYER 1 " T A B ( 2 6 ) "PL AYER 2 "1110 PR I N T T A B ( 8 ) C T A B ( 2 9 ) V

2 1 1 1 5 IF V>CT HENPRINT "PL AYER 1 I S T H E WINNER"COMPUTER & VIDEO GAMES 4 7

An exciting new Commodore 11 peripheral 1

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48 COMPUTER ec VIDEO GAMES


112011251130200020052010

IFV' ,CTHENFRINT"PLAYER 2 I S T H E WINNER"I F V=C T H EN F R I N T " I T ' S A DRAW"G 0T 02350REM**DRAW BO ARD**P R I N T " 3 " : P R I N 1 1 A B ( 0 ) " 0 " F O R I = I T O T : P R I N T " ' 2 " ; : N E X T : P R I N T " = . "P R I N T T A B ( 0 ) " > " 1 : F O R I = 1 T O T : P R I N T > " : 2 N E X T : P R I N T " = 3 "

2015 PR I N T T A B ( 0 ) " — " 1 : F O R I =1 T O T : PR I N T " ' 1 " ; ; N EXT : PR I N T " == / X "2020 P R I N T T A B ( 0 ) " 0 " ; : F O F I = I T O T : P R I N T " ' 2 " : : N E X T : P R I N T " = . 0 ' 2 ' . "2025 F O R J =1 T 0 1 0 : PR I N T T A B ( 0 ) "1 " : 1 F O R I =1 T O T : PR I N T " I " I I N E X T I : P R I N T " > >"2030 P R I N T T A B ( 0 ) " + " 1 1 F O R I = 1 T O T : P R I N T " " 1 8 N E X T I : P R I N T 3 4 - ' C ' 3 " • N E X T J2 0.3 5

P R I N T T A B ( 0 ) " 1 — " I : F O R I = 1 T O T : P R I N T 1 " : 2 N E X T I P R I N T " = = — ' 1 ' = "2040 PR IN T ""T A B ( 274- T ) "C =0. . .D =E=B =R =E=A =iE=R ": R ET U R N2300 REM**OUESTION T I M E * *2305 PR I N T "3 DO YO U G I V E U P ( Y O R N ) '

7" : I F F = 1 G 0 T 0 2 3 1 5

2310 P R I N T " ( I F YO U G I V E U P YO UR T O T A L > SCORE I S D O U B L E D A S A PEN A L T Y) "2315 GOSUB5sIFAS="N"THENRETURN2320 IF A S<>"Y"T H EN 23152325 PRINT"THE ANSWER I S : — "2330 PR I N 1 T A B ( 4 ) 1 1 F O R I = I T O T : PR I N T M S( I ) " u p : N E X T2335 P R I N T : P R I N T T A B ( 3 ) " " g : F O R I =1 T O T I P R I N T A ( I ) " " : : N E X T : P R I N T2340 I F P=2 6 0 T 0 1 0 8 52350 FRINT"DO YO U WANT ANOTHER GAME ( Y O R N ) " : G O SU B 5 : I F A S="Y"T H EN 1 2 S2355 PR IN T "T H A WS F O R PL A YIN G " E N D2400 PRINT"YOU CAN S E T A CODE BETWEEN 3 AND 9 "2405 PRINT"NUMBERS I N L ENO T H": F RINT "WHAT S I Z E CO DE DO YO U WI S H T O T R Y '

7";

2410 G O S U B 5 : I F V A L ( A S ) 3 0 R V A L ( A S ) 9 T H E N 2 4 1 02415 T =VA L ( A S) : PR I N T T : O ( 1 3 — T ) I R ET U R N2500 REM**COMPARITOR R O U T I N E * *2505 F O R K 1T O T : F ( K ) .=0 : 6 ( 14 ) =0 : N EXT2510 R=0: W=0: F O RI=1T O T2515 I F E ( I ) < > A ( I ) T H E N 2 5 2 52520 F ( I ) =1 : G ( I ) =1 8 R =R - 4 - 12525 N E X T I s F O R I =1 T O T : I F G ( I ) = I G 0 T 0 2 5 4 52530 F O R J =1 T O T a I F A ( I ) <>E( J ) O R F ( J ) =1 G 0 T 0 2 5 4 0 52535 F ( J ) =1: W=W4.1 : J=T2540 NEXTJ2545 NEXT! 82550 RETURN

READY. 2


• RUNS ON AN ATARI 400 IN GK

WITH JOYSTICKSBeware the bouncing bombs! They'll get you given

half a chance. And contact with one of these hoppinghorrors is decidedly lethal.

But you can protect yourself with a blast from yourcannon which destroys the bobbing bombs.

Your cannon is situated on the right hand side of theAtari screen and the bombs bounce at you across thescreen from the left. You control the firing base using ajoystick.

So keep ducking and weaving — and stay alive!

BY JOHN BRIERLY1 PRINT —T O K E 7 5 21

2 SETCOLOR 2.0,0:POSITION 10,12:PRINT-TOPLWPRESS 'START-7 I F PEE!r(57279)=6 THEN 54 60TO 35 P=202 :L I=5 :S=07 REM IN ITIAL ISE ALL VARIABLES8 REM J , J 1 e t c . CHANGE WHEN AN INVADER IS H IT AND CAUSE I T S RE-PLOTTING T i ' B E E.YPASSED10 GRAPHICS 1+16:B=15965

20 11=15983:12=15943:13=15923:14=16003:J=80:J1=150:J2=210:J3=270:J4=460:J5=520:J6=590:J7=65030 POKE 6,30:POKE B+1,141:POSITION 0 , 0 : PRINT # 6 ; " c o r e = " ;S :P OS IT ION 1 8 ,0 :PR IN T i tS ; L I : I F L i 1 THEN GOSUB 200071 I F S.7:+99 THEN 1:4=A+64:Z=Z+100:REM CHAriGE COLOUR OF INVADERS32 I F W)202 THEN 1 * 1 034 PEM JOYSTICK CHECK35 I F STRIG(0 )=0 THEN 4 0 040 JS=STICK<O)50 I F j S = 1 4 THEN B=B-40:POVE B+40,0:PORE8+41,0

SO I F JS=13 THEN B=8+40:POKE B-40 ,0 :POKEB-79 ,0

b5 REM LHECK FOR BASE OUT OF FANGE OF SCREEN-0 IF B,i5745 THEN B=15745

80 I F B>16205 THEN 8=16205S5 GOTO JS7 REM 1ST.1NV1:4DER90 R = I N T ( R N D,0 > * 2 0 , .100 I F R-,3 THEN I1 =I1 -2 0 :POKE 1 1 +2 0 ,0110 I F R.)--=3 THEN I1=11+20:POKE 1 1 - 2 0 ,0

11=11-1:POKE 1 1 +1 ,0125 REM CHECK FOR INVADER OUT OF RANGE AND RESET I F NEEDED <SAME FOR ALL THE IN VADERS)130 I F I1 <1 5 7 6 4 OR 1 1 1 6 1 8 3 THEN POKE 11,0:11=15983140 POKE I L A145 GOTO Q1147 REM 2NO.INVADERIse 1=INTcRNDc0)*20160 I F I . 1 7 THEN 12=12-20:PORE 1 2 +2 0 ,0170 I F I.>=17 THEN 12=12+20:POKE 1 2 - 2 0 ,0

•

.A9K

' • ,, ) '0,!,141gt g/

4

40"

.ao 12=12-1:PI:IKE 124-1,13190 I F 12<15764 OR 12>16182 THEN POKE 1 2

0:12=15983200 POKE 12;1:1203 POKE B;30:POKE 8+1 ;141205 GOTO J 220:' REM 3RD.INVADER210 6 = I N T ( R N D(0 4 2 0 )220 I F G.(3 THEN 13=13-20:POKE 1 3 +2 0 .0230 I F 6>.=3 THEN 13=13+20:POKE 1 3 - 2 0 ;0:40 I3 =I3 -1 :POKE 1 3 +1 ;0250 I F 13(15764 OR 13>16187 THEN POKE 1 2'0:13=15983260 POKE 1 3 ;A265 GOTO J 3267 REM 4TH.INHADER270 0 = I N T,R N O ( 0 42 0 >

280 I F O<17 THEN 14=14-20:POVE 1 4 +2 0 ;0290 I F Q ;,= 1 7 T H EN 1 4 =1 4 +2 0 :P O KE 14-20 ;0

300 14=I4-1 :POKE 1 4 +1 ;0310 I F 1 4,- 1 5 7 6 4 O R I 4 >1 6 18 3 THEN POKE 14

;0:14=15983320 POKE 1 4 , A325 REM CHECK FOR COLLISION BETWEEN INVADER'S AND BASE320 I F PEEK(B)=A OR PEEK(8+1)=A THEN GOSUP 10003 0 GOTO 3 0790 REM FIR ING SECTION(BASICALLY 1ST. H A

LP REPEATED400 FOP T=B+2 TO B+17:POKE T;71:PDOE T- 1;0:SOUND 0 , 1 0 ; S ; 4410 JS=STICK(0 )420 I F JS=14 THEN 8=B-40:POKE B+40;0:POKE 6 +4 1 ;0430 I F J$ =1 3 THEN 8=8+40:POKE 8 -40 ;0 :POKE E - 3 9 ,0440 IF 8(15745 THEN 8=15745

450 I F 8 )1 6205 THEN 8=16205455 GOT° J 4460 R=INT<RND(0420)470 I F R (1 7 THEN 11=11-2E1:POKE 1 1 +2 0 ;0480 I F R>=17 THEN 11=I1+20:POKE 1 1 - 2 0 ;0490 I1 =I1 -1 :POKE 1 1 +1 ;0500 I F I1<15764 OR I1>18183 THEN POKE 1 1

0:11=15983510 POKE I l ; A515 GOTO J 5520 I = I NT( RN[. 1 >*20570 I F 1 <3 THEN 12=12-20:POKE 1 2 +2 0 ;0540 I F I > = 3 THEN 12=12+20:POKE 1 2 - 2 0 ,0550 I2 =I2 -1 :POKE 1 2 +1 ,0560 I F 12(15764 OR 12>16183 THEN POKE 1 2.0:12=15983570 POKE I 2 ; A575 POKE B;30:POKE 8+1 ;141580 GOTO J 65E10 G=INT(RND(0)*20)

600 I F G<17 THEN 13=13-20:POKE 1 3 +2 0 ;0610 I F G.>=17 THEN 13=13+20:POKE 1 3 - 2 0 ,0620 13=I3 -1 :POKE 1 3 +1 ,0630 I F 13 (15764 OR I 3 1 6 1 8 3 THEN POKE 1 3;0:13=15963640 POKE I 3 ; A65e 0 =IN T(R N D (0 4 2 0 )660 I F 0 <3 THEN 14=14-20:POKE 1 4 +2 0 ;0670 I F 0>=3 THEN 1 4 =1 4 +2 POKE 1 4 - 2 0 ,0680 I4 = I4 -1 :POKE 1 4 + 1 ,0690 I F 14 (15764 OR I4>16183 THEN POKE 1 4;0:14=15983700 POKE 1 4 ;A705 I F T = I l OR 1 = I 2 OR 1 = I 3 OR T = I 4 THEN900

707 I F PEEK(B=A OP PEEK<B+1 r=1:i THEN GOSUP 1000710 POKE TAD:SOUND 0 ; 0 ; 0 : N E X T T720 REM CYCLE AROUND800 GOT(' 3 0850 REP] H IT INVADER SUBROUTINE900 FOR Y=1 TO 50:SO4JND 0,Y;12;10:SOUND1;Y;10;10:POKE T-1 ;158 :POKE T;29 :POKE T+1,156:NEXT Y:POKE T-1 ,0 :PCWE T4-1,0910 POKE I1 ,0 :POKE I2 ;O:POKE I3;121:POKE I4;0:11=15983:12=15943:13=15923:14=16003915 REM SCORE INCREMENTED:JC=JUMP CHECK920 S=S+10:JC=JC+1:IF JC=1 THEN •=145:,14=515925 I F JC=2 THEN J1=203:J5=575930 I F JC=3 THEN J2=265:J6=650935 REM I F 4TH.INvADER HAS BEEN H I T ; G OTO 'NEW SET SUBROUTINE'940 I F J1 =4 THEN GOSUB 3000945 REM CYCLE AROUND-950 SOUND 0 ;0 ;0 ;0 :SOUND 1 ,0 ;0 ;0 :6 0 1 0 3 0960 REM SUBROUTINE FOR A BASE H171000 FOR Y=80 TO 1 STEP -1:SOUND 0 ; Y ; 1 2 ;10:SOUND 1 ;Y ;1 0 ;1 01005 POKE 8;94:POKE 8+1;75:POKE B+2 ;1 9 5 :POKE 8+3;75:POKE B+4 .9 21010 SOUND OpY;12;10:SOUND 1 ;Y ;1 2 ;1 0 :N EXI Y1015 POKE I1 ;0 :POKE I2 ;0 :POKE 13;0 :POKE14;O:POKE 8+2;0 :POKE P+3 ;0 :P01E 8 + 4 ;01020 SOUND 0 ;0 ;0 ;0 :SOUND 1 ; 0 ; 0 ; 01025 REM LOSE 1 L I F E BUT GAIN 5 POINTS1030 L I=L I-1 S=S+5 :1 1 =1 5 9 8 3 :1 2 =1 5 9 4 3 :1 3 =15923:14=160031050 RETURN1060 REM 'GAME OVER SUBROUTINE'2000 GRAPHICS 2:SETCOLOR 2 ,0 ;O:FOR H=1 T0 100:SOUNO 0A-1;8;10:SOUND 1 ;H ;1 2 ;1 02010 POSITION 5 ,4 :PR IN T *6 ;"ga luE O v e r ! " :POSITION 1 .6 :PR IN T 1 t 6-; " Y O U R S C O R E W A S " ;

2020 NEXT H2030 PRINT "PRESS 'START' TO PLAY AGAIN"2035 SOUND 0 ;0 ;0 ;0 :SO1 N D 1 ; 0 ; 0 ; 02037 REM CHECK FOR PRESSING "START':7=NOTHING PR ESSED :6 = ISTAR T' :5 = 'SEL EC T3 0 PTION'2040 I F PEEK(53279>=6 THEN 52050 GOTO 20407000 FOR K=1 TO 53010 FOR N=80 TO 7 STEP -2:SOUNU 0 , N , 1 2 ,10:sOUND 1 i N .8 ,1 0 :N EXT N7020 FIR L=1 TO 30:NEXT L

3040 N U T k'3050 JC=0 :J=90 :J1=150 :J2=210 :J3=270 :J4=460:J5=520:J6=5903060 RETURN


The Z)(81 fi ts insideThe l o u g h A B S in ie c t io n m o u l d e dplas t ic : as e meas ures 8- x 1 4- x 2 "

and h o o k s u p t o y o u r Z X p r in t e dc irc u it board in minutes N o tec hnic alk now how or s o lde r ing is requ ired

ED Code tv

Fuller F p System 42 Keyboard & case 39.95

FO System Motherboard 1595

E327 VIC 20

FD I6K Memory Module 29.95

E434 GENIE 1 & 2

_FO 64K memory Module 78 95

E950 ATOM

FID PSU 9 Volts at 2 amp 12 95

FID Stuporn9 and Handerng - f - i : i

400 (32k) + Al l above items E 3 0 7 . 8 3800 (48k) + Al l above items E 5 4 6 . 9 6800 (48k) + D isk Drive + Joystick + 3 Blank Disks

+ Demo Disks -4- 3 A p x P r o g ra m s E 7 34 . 78

SHARPMZ8OK E327 VIC 20 E152MZ80A E434 GENIE 1 & 2 E289MZ8OB E950 ATOM from E150

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KEYBOARD LAY OUTAll isso Skhos•r Lae o n aoe duplocated on oot Payout S u b a s h , shil l and nestline Sass T h e p r o tes ,s ha i m om ehlar s m:loose key s wathes have a dowan leedh i e o f 1 0 o p e o s i s,o s o , •-, F, i s ?d d . , b o ld t e st e d Wel C om e. ,e me t el l e wilt, a

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MINI DEFENDERLet some arcade aliens runriot around your 7.X81 andprogram in this special 1Kversion o f a t o p v i deogame.

The program is started,either automatical ly o nLOADing, o r b y using,GOTO 60. Your score wi l lappear a t the top o f the

screen. Th i s i s updatedafter every wave.

At th e bottom o f th escreen a display wi l l te l lyou which wave you arepassing through: the ehemyships attack i n a total o feight waves.

Variables are: X: The height of the ship, controlled by the "7"key. Y: The height of the enemy ship. randomly chosen. S: Thecurrent score, depending on how many enemy ships you hit, andwhich wave you are in. A: This defines which part of the strings.AS and BS are printed. C: This has a fixed value of 1.0:This has afixed value of U. F: This has a fixed value of 6. CS: This is simply ablank space, used lor wiping out your ship, and tor comparisons.

1 0 P R I N T A T X . .C;2 0 I F X < › Y T H E N R E T U R N3 0 L E T 5 = 5 + ( 1 0 - E ) * ( 1 5 $ ( E ) < > C S )4 0 5 G N 8 $ ( E ) = c i s$ O R E T U R N5 0 L E T 5 = D

Y $ P R I N T A T 0 ; D.; " " R T7 0 F O R E = 9 T O 2 T E P - C O ? I N K E

D . 10+ C AT +C D.; " " ,; CHR$

(156 - t ) ; "11111- 9 0 F O R 8 = C T O 2 01 0 0 D I M 8 $ ( 1 8 )1 1 0 L E T 8 $ ( E ) = C H R $ t E + 1 4 )1 2 0 L E T Y = I N T ( 1 1 N D * 5 ) + C1 3 0 F O R A = C T O C + E1 4 0 P R I N T A T Y . , C . ; 8 $ (R T O 1 1 + 8 ) ;1 1

T X . 1 ); C$ . , A T F , D ; R $ (A T O 1 1 + 9 )15ito L E T X =X + ( I N K E Y $ = " A N D X ( 5 )

- ( / N K E Y $ = " 7 " A N D X > C)1 6 0 P R I N T A T X , D ; " )• •1 7 0 I F I N K E Y $ = " 0 " T H E N G 0 5 U E 3 1 01 8 0 N E X T A1 9 0 I F X =Y A N D 8 $ ( E ) > C $ T H E N G

OTO 2 2 02 0 0 P E E K 82 1 0 N E X T E2 2 0 P R I N T A T DoF ;9 9 9 S T O P

1 0 0 0 S A V E " D E P "1 0 1 0 G O T O B O

RUNS ON A LIM IN 1K BY SIMON WEBBAt the left o f the screen

you will see your ship. Thiswill automatically m o v edown and can be moved upby pressing the "7" key.

The enemy sh ips w i l lappear from the right of thescreen, and will start from apoint closer to you eachtime a new wave is started.

When you are verticallyaligned w i th th e enemyship, press "0" to fire. Theship w i l l then disappear,and your score will be in-cremented.

If an enemy ship hits you,your score w i l l b e d i s -played, and the programwill slop wi th a report o f9/999. To restart use GOTO60.

The max imum pos s iblescore is 720.

Lines 10 to 50 are the fi resubroutine. I f your ship isnot vertically aligned withthe enemy, then the pro-gram RETURN's to the mainloop (20), otherwise yourscore is calculated (30), andthe enemy ship is blanked(40).

The start of the program(60), sets the score to zero,and starts the variable, E,which determines w h i ch

"wave" you go through (70).Line 80 prints the top and

bottom borders, along withyour current score.

The variable, Y, which isthe height a t wh ich th eenemy appears is set up inline 120.

Line 150 controls th eheight o f your sh ip (thevariable X), and l ine 160prints your ship at this posi-tion.Line 220 prints your finalscore, and then stops a t999.

Lines 1000 and 1010 are asave routine, which ensuresthat the program starts a tline 60 and is not RUN. Theprogram must be started inthis way, because severalvariables a r e e n te r e ddirectly, to conserve mem-ory.

To start the program useGOTO 60 not RUN.

IMPORTANT: Before t heprogram will run correctlyyou w i l l have t o ke y i nthese lines directly. LETC L E T D = O. LET F 6 .LET X = 3. LET CS = onespace". LET AS = (graphicsof)"QW863684060W8636840".


40

4.

t

C CC C-

10 P R I N T " 0 " : P O K E.3 6 6 3 , 2 r : f r E M T 1 T L . m N u C R E OL T 3

20 PRINT",Riaintellehr**;aqINI-PMCK_Ma*Z"

30 P RI NT40 PRANi'oMmOlooloillotimL"50 PRINT"AbOSIDOMMUIC2 0 "60 p R i N i -A m E tm E . * 0 H v I 0 MHLK"70 P R I N T '',01011111011f FokNBOROUGH"80 FO R1 =1 T0 2 0 0 0 :NE X TI85 5 1 = 1 : 6 2 = - I . : 3 = 2 2 : 4 : : - • - 2 2 : R S = 1 . 6 0 : u m = 1 0 2 : P M 8-e : U 1 = 4 6 : 6 1 = *

I L = 2 0 0 ; k 1 = 5 6 : V 2 = 5 T : K = 5 4 : : : 4 = 5 9 : 0 2 = 9 0 : L u = 3 0 f 2 0100 INPuT"BAAINSTRUCTIONS4.Y / N) ' :F4 4,110 I F F I 1 y-T H E 4 o u S0 8 2 0 0 0

115 T = 0 :S = 0 :P = 6 0 6 4 :6 0 S UBi 0 0 0120 G=7 6 8 0 4 -INT(.RNDk i + 4 2 4 ) +41211POKE3687.3„ 15 :c o - 4 . . 3 6 8 7 6125 I F P E E t - , L u ) : / 0 1 1 m E N G = 6 - 1 : T = T + 1 : 1 F-D 5 T H E N G = 7 3 4 : G O T 0 1 2 5130 T I S = " 0 0 0 0 0 0 " : P O O E 0 . - 6 1 : e 0 K L 0,C O 3 0140 0 = I N1 (P NO k 1 )* 4 Y 4 -1150 M t --P E E K (1 9 7

160 I F0 = 4 THE NC= S I170 i F 0 = 2 T H E O C = 2180 I F 0 = 3 T H E N 3 3190 I F0 = I THE NC= S 4200 IFPEEKkG4-C>=RSOPPEEvk i3+16HTMEN140205 IFFEEKkG+C)=PMTHENPRINT"ANTHE GHOST GOT Y O LP I 2 " : G O T 0 2 5 0 02 1 0 P u K E u , u 1 : P O K E 0 4 - C b , 4 : 1 F R N O k 1 ,, ,, . 0 5 T H E N P O K E G , u 2 : P O K E 04 -0 O 3 2

215 G = 0 3 4 - C : P 0 K E 0 , 0 1 : P O K L G-F I L.0 , O : F = 1

220 I FF= 1 THE N2 3 5230 GOT0 2 0 0

GUlu,:;00236 I F RNE R1 )( -2 5 T HE N1 4 0240 IFV FO_ CTI I )>TLTHE NP fr INT"gUTIME U P2t,t1 6 0 T u 2 0 0300 REM T u u k MOVE4-6CORm310 POKEP,PM:POKEP4-CD.5320 m. -1 -6 E N1 9 7 )330 I FM=KI THE NX =S 2335 IFM=K2 IHE NX =8 1340 I F6 =K3 THE NX =8 4345 IFM=K4 1 HENX=S3350 IFPEEK(P4-A)=RSOKPEi.K(,P+WA=45HTHEN80355 I F P E E K ( P . 8 - i 0 = D I T H E N S I 0 :Z = 1356 IFPEEK(P+A). .194THENFRINT"AMTHE GHOST GOT Y O I P I360 I FP E E KI , P + X )= 0 2 THLhs = s + 1 0 0 := 1365 P O KE P , 3 2 :P = P . X370 P OKE P ,P M:P UKE P +CO,5 :F=0375 I FZ= 1 THE N P O KE 0 N, 2 2 0 :FO RI =1 1 0 c . :HtA1 l : r U K E O N , 0 : D = 0380 P R I N T " P O P I P I K K o l i k k o l o l K o l o i a l k i l I M I I R I N s i l l t 110 1 0 11111-3 : F-R I N T " : 1 P M I I M I D O I L I P I N I F I M E = " R I G H T S ( T I4 , 3)

400 GOT0 2 3 61000 REM S E T UP MALE1010 P R I N 1-J a M1020 P RI NT "a . M . 4 i l e M J N I I "1030 P RI NT "a w c a z i 1114.aa " C i l a • 4 . a a 1 14 . 3 A • "1040 P RI NT" a 111.1050 PR I N T . R I . M N P4.MN 4 4 . = _ 4 4 . M N @ A . = 1 4 . = @ A . = m"1060 P R I N T ' a 1 4 . 2 a c l4 a z m i . a z m1070 PRINT "a 1 14 . M M 4 1 14 . = m 4 . MN R I. Ja M I. Ma gl.ma gq.az M-

1080 P RI NT "a1 m i . a a U I m i l . A l a I . • "1090 P R I N 1 " a moi .J a • 1 . 1 1 a M 4 . 2 a m i . a z g 4 - a z 1 4 . MJ N . 4 . M N 114.Ala P A . A 2 111-1100 PRINT-a 1 1 1 4 . za g c az m l. az wcaz mi.azUI.2 LI"

1110 P R I N T " a U I I '11 i f fl'. m ti . MN L14 1 .1 ° NML PA.MIN 011...MN 14.MV R,L;rad11A4-bla 111"

1130 P RI NT -a m i . a a 1 14 . a a m ca z 11.1 . 61 , N A•.aa 44.MIN 14.MA littza 011.111a

P RI NT ' a m l . a a Mk tA a 1 4 A a o i m a z w c z a1150 P R I N T " 2 m 4 . 2 N 1 1 14 . = m t a z m14 . 7 B a 1 1 4 . =U i . U LU i . U 1iU

1160 PRINT" a 1 1 4 . = . 4 0 . 1 . M J . "1170 PRINT-a m 4 . 2 2 M d .4 s 1 1114 . . mU i gotaa P.4 .414 P 4. 1-1 2 111.4 .4 4

1180 P RI NT" a mq M N 10 "I I 0 P R i N i-a M I . A a @ Wa l t Ill • az! 1.4.MZ 4114-MN

1200 F R I N T - a M o j a O '1210 P R I N T " a M "1220 P RI NT" S CO RE :-" S/ 2 2 5 RE FURN2000 P R I N T " a l a I N S T R U C T I O N s M42010 P R I N T-E M T T H E D O TS A ND T HE "

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That greedy gobbler Pacman is gettingeverywhere these days. So i f you can't beat him— well you know what comes next! Computerand Video Games has discovered this version ofthe arcade favourite for all you V1C-20 ownersout there in microcomputer-land.

In this version a randomly moving ghostleaves a trail of dots — and sometimesdiamonds — in its wake. Your Pac-Man chasesit around a maze munching the dots — worth 10points — and the diamonds — worth 100 points.

The player gets two minutes to eat as muchas he can. To move the Pac-Man use keys 2 forleft, 4 for right. 6 for up and 8 for down.

The Pac-Man appears at a different pointwithin the maze at the start of each game andthere is a high score facility. The author ofPacman, David Mack, says the record so far is6520 in the two minutes allowed. Can you beatthat?

ov'

S

RUNS ON A VIC-20 IN 3.5K

BY DAVID MACK

2 0 2 o P R I M u l t iMu NO n l u S c O E A S '2 0 3 0 P RINT" MA NY P O I NTS A S YOU CA N"2040 P R I N T " J I N TWO MI NUT E S . "2060 PRINT"MWATCH O UT-THE GHOST'2070 P F I NT " WI L L E A ( Y u u A ND ( H E '20b0 P RI NT" O immu NDS . "2090 P RI NT A P O V E ME NT: -"2100 P P I N T " 2 -L E F T 4 - R I G H T "2 1 i 0 P R I N T ' S - U P d - u u w N "2120 FRI NT" N3 0 0 O2130 PRINT"NPRESS A KEY"2140 O E TA$ : I FAS = " THE N2 1 4 02150 RETURN2500 N= 3 6 8 7 52510 FO RI = 2 5 5 T0 1 2 8 5 TE P-12520 P O K E N, I252b FOR2 =1 T0 5 :NEXTZ2530 NE X TI2535 P OK E N,03000 F0 RI = 1 1 0 5 0 0 :NE X TI :FRI NT" O N.3010 IFS>ASTHENAS=S3015 PRINT"YOUR SCORE WAS"S3020 IFS=ASTHENPRINT"AH NEW HI -S CO RE " :P O KE I S 1 8 , 0 :I NP UT'a 4 HAT I S YOUR NAMENNMNOW0i$3030 P RINT" AP I -S CORE =" AS3035 P RINT" M8 Y " AS3040 P O K E 1 9 8r0 : I N P U T " A 4N O T H E R G A M E (Y / N ) " ;8 $

3050 I F8 S = " Y " THE N 1 1 53055 PRINT".110000 BYE.NOPE YOU"3056 PRINT"AENJOYEO P LAY I NG . "3060 ENO

T SPEC I" PSIM

1 0 C AIS

Available from booksellers

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Telephone: (0270) 628272

ARCADE QUALITY SOFTWARE FROM LLAMASOFT!!Spectrum

ATARI 400/800 16KGRAPHICS/CHARACTER CREATORNow you can define your very own custom charac-ter sets. O r ed it the exist ing se ts Re su lt s fu llydisplayed o n screen in modes 0, 1 a n d 2. Ma n yexciting features including: Save, Screen Modes,Reflect. Invert etc.Supplied on cassette with data E8.00

•

L .

SPECTRUMFull de ta ils o f o u r range o f Spectrum so f twareavailable on request free of charge. Arcade gamesand utilities, SAE for details.

FREE!! TO VIC, ATARI AND SPECTRUMOWNERS. SEND S.A.E. NOW FOR FREEPROGRAM AND catalogue of software.Send C a s h,C h e q u e P . O w i th o rd er to:

LLAMASOFT SOFTWARE.Dept. CV G, L indon House, Th e Green. Tadley,Basingstoke. Hants. Tel: (07356) 5038

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GOOD QUALITY SOFTWARE.SEND DEMO FOR QUICKREPLYTRADE ENQUIRIES WELCOMEPLEASE ADD 50P P&P

ATARrby Jeff Min te r

DEFENDA! MitFull feature version of the popular arcade game including: Swar-mers. Bailers, Pods, Landers and Humanoids. Controls. Up. Down,Thrust, Reverse . Fire and Smart Bomb Hig h resolution colourgraphics. Joyst ick controls. 8 k o r 16k expansion needed. On lyC10 00TRAXX! micVic 20 version of the brand new arcade game -A m i d a r " A P a c k -mart Ouix crossbreed. A ll machine code. fast and fun. Joystickcontrols. Hi-res colour graphics. 8k or 16k expansion needed On ly£10.00RATMAN!Kill the squeaking rats which fall from the sky before they dig in andprey on you! Game includes rats, hammers, men. mutants andspears. Mc , hi-res colour graphics. 8k or 16k expansion neededFast and fun for only £8.95

BLITZKRIEG (3.5k) (Bomb B.A.)Fly yOUr Vulcan bomber over enemy territory and destroy the city25 levels of play. Hi-res colour graphics on the unexpanded Vic 20Only £4.95

UTILITY PROGRAMS (for unexpanded Vic 20)GAME GRAPHICS EDITOR. Create your very own custom charac-ters. Full features include Reflect, Save on Tape etc.SOFTKEY 24.24 key words inc. Peek, Poke. List, Save on yo1.2rfunction keys.Both programs supplied on one cassette.Only £6.00


,9

• • • • • •

tglffNtffsAMPlg,5

BY BOB PENROSE RUNS ON AN APPLEH e r e t he y c om e — thos e lov e a b le A l ie n Le m m ings ! T h e ydr op f r om t he s k y l ik e f u r r y ha i ls tone s . C a n y ou c a t c h t he mbe f or e t he y c om e to a s t ic k y e n d ?

Use y o u r A pple p a d d l e s to m ov e t he ba t w h i c h a ppe a r s a tthe bot t om of t he s c r e e n to s a v e t he f a l l i ng l e m m ings a n db o u n c e t h e m ba c k in t o t he a ir . I n or de r to w i n y ou h a v e t ok e e p t hos e l i t t le l e m m i n g s b o u n c i n g .

T h e n u m b e r of A l ie n Le m m ings w h i c h d r o p f r om t he s k yd e p e n d s o n t he s k i l l l e v e l y o u c hos e — f r om one to fi v e .

T h e p r o g r a m inc lude s s om e g o o d s ound e ffec ts —i n c l u d i n g a n ic e v ic t or y t u n e s hou ld y o u m a n a g e to be a tthe l e m m ings .

So ge t p r o g r a m m i n g a n d r e m e m b e r — H e lp Sa v e t he A l ie nLe m m ing!

REM2 R E M9 R E M4 R E MJ R E M6 R E M7 R E M10 T E X T : HOME : CLEAR20 C O SU B l o o p : COSUB 1 5 0 0 : GOSUB 1 0 9 024 R E M2 5 R E M M I N S I E N M C W I M M I C26 R E M C H E C K CORRECT PADDLE27 R E M x c i c * * * * * N o k x x x x x x x x x * *28 R E M30 V T A B 2 3 ; HTAB 1 : CALL - 8 6 8 : PR I N T "PRESS PADDLE BUTTON 1 0 BEG IN"40 X = P E E K ( - 1 6 2 8 7 ) : I F X > 1 2 7 THEN V T A B 2 3 : CAL L - s a e : COSUB 1 6 0 0

: GOTO 1 0 050 X = P E E K ( - 1 6 2 0 6 ) : I F X > 1 2 7 THEN V T A E 2 3 : HTAB I : CAL L - 8 6 8 : INVERSE

: PR I N T "PLEASE USE OTHER PADDLE": NORMAL : FO R I = 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 : NEXTGOTO 3 0

54 R E M55 R E M = = = " ( P ) A D D L E " CONTAINS 3 CT RL - C===56 R E M60 C O T O 4 09 i R E M95 R E M x o K i n t o k * * * * * * z s c i t a m x m c96 R E M M A I N L OOP O F PROGRAM97 R E M i m m o u t l o o k m x x x x x x x x96 R E M100 F O R I = 0 T O 8 ST EP ST Z110 I F C H X ( I ) = 1 THEN 1 4 0120 I F R N D ( 1 ) > R THEN C H Z ( I ) = 1 : M I ) = 2 0 x ( I + 2 ) : Y Z ( I ) 7 0 : GOTO

* * x x x x l i m l o t x * * * * * * *A L I E N L E MMI NG SBY BOB PENROSE

FEB 1 9 8 2mmx(woommmximitmoimx

150130 C O T O 2 8 0140 XDRAW 2 AT x v i w o w i w a ( r ) - y v i ) + v z ( i )


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New 1X811 Softwarefrom Sinclair.

A whole new range of software forthe Sinclair ZX81 Personal Computeris now available - direct from Sinclair.Produced by ICL and Psion, thesereally excellent cassettes covergames, education, and business/household management.

Some of the more elaborate pro-grams can only be run on a ZX81augmented by the ZX 16K RAM pack.(The description of each cassettemakes it clear what hardware isrequired.) The RAM pack provides 16-times more memory in one completemodule. and simply plugs into the rearof a ZX81. And the price has just beendramatically reduced to only E29.95

The Sinclair ZX Printer offer fullalphanumerics and highly-sophisticatedgraphics. A special feature is COPYwhich prints out exactly what is on thewhole TV screen without the need forfurther instructions. So now you canprint out your results for a permanentrecord. The ZX Printer plugs into therear of your 2X81, and you canconnect a RAM pack as well.

GamesCassette Gl: Super Programs 1 (ICL)Hardware required - ZX81_Price - E4.95.Programs - Invasion from Jupiter.Skittles Magic Square. Doodle. Kim.Liquid Capacity.Description - Five games programsplus easy conversion between pints/gallons and litres.Cassette G2: Super Programs 2 (ICL)Hardware required - M81.Price - E4.95.Programs - Rings around SaturnSecret Code. Mindboggling Silhouette.Memory Test. Metric conversionDescription - Five games plus easyconversion between inches/feet/yardsand centimetres/metres.Cassette G3: Super Programs 3 (ICL)Hardware required - ZX81.Price - E4,95.Programs - Train Race. Challenge.Secret Message. Mind that Meteor,Character Doodle. Currency Conversion.Description - Fives games plus currencyconversion at will - for example,dollars to pounds.Cassette G4: Super Programs 4 (ICL)Hardware required - ZX81.Price - E4.96Programs - Down Under. Submarines.Doodling with Graphics. The InvisibleInvader. Reaction. Petrol.Description - Five games plus easyconversion between miles per gallonand European fuel consumption figures.

Cassette G5: Super Programs 5Hardware required - ZX81 + 16KPrice - E4.95.Programs - Martian Knock Out.Graffiti. Find the Mate.Labyrinth. Drop a Brick.Continental.Description - Fivegames plus easyconversionbetween English andcontinental dress sizes.

(ICL)RAM

Cassette G6:Super Programs 6 (ICI)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAM.Price - E4.95.Programs - Galactic Invasion, Journeyinto Danger Create. Nine Hole Golf.Solitaire. Daylight Robbery.Description - Six games making full useof the ZX81's moving graphics capability.Cassette 07: Super Programs 7 (ICI)Hardware required - ZX81,Price: - E4.95.Programs - Racetrack. Chase. NIM.Tower of Hanoi. Docking the Spaceship.Golf.Description - Six games including thefascinating Tower of Hanoi problem.Cassette G8: Super Programs 8 (ICL)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAM.Price - E4.95.Programs - Star Trail (plus blank tape onside 2),Description - Can you, as CaptainChurch of the UK spaceship Endeavour,rid the galaxy of the Klingon menace?Cassette G9: Biorhythms (ICL)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAMPrice - E6.95.Programs - What are Biorhythms?Your Biohythms.Description - When will you be at yourpeak (and trough) physically,emotionally, and intellectually?Cassette G10: Backgammon (Psion)Hardware required - ZX81+ 16K RAM.Price - E5,95.Programs - Backgammon. Dice.Description - A great program, usingfast and efficient machine code, withgraphics board, rolling dice, and doub-ling dice. The dice program can beused for any dice game. •Cassette G11: Chess (Psion)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAM.Price - E6,95.Programs - Chess. Chess Clock.Description - Fast, efficient machinecode, a graphic display of the board andpieces, plus six levels of ability, combineto make this one of the best chess pro-grams available. The Chess Clockprogram can be used at any time,

Cassette G12:Fantasy Games (Psion)Hardware required - ZX81(or ZX80with 8K BASIC ROM) + 16K RAM.Price - E4 75.Programs - Perilous Swamp. Sorcerer.Island.Description - Perilous Swamp: rescuea beautiful princess from the evil \War.:Sorcerer's Island, you're marooned. -1.•escape, you'll probably need the helpof the Grand Sorcerer.Cassette G13:Space Raiders and Bomber (Psion)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAMPrice - E3.95.Programs - Space Raiders Bomber 1 1Description - Space Raiders is the ZX81version of the popular pub game.Bomber: destroy a city before you hit asky-scraper.Cassette 014: Flight Simulation (PsHardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAM.Price - E5.95.Program - Flight Simulation (plus blanktape on side 2).Description - Simulates a highlymanoeuvrable light aircraft with fullcontrols, instrumentation, a viewthroughthe cockpit window, and navigationalaids. Happy landings!EducationCassette El: Fun to Learn series -English Literature 1 (ICL)Hardware required - ZX81+ 16K RAMPrice - E6.95Programs - Novelists. Authors.Description - Who wrote 'RobinsonCrusoe'? Which novelist do youassociate with Father Brown?Cassette E2: Fun to Learn series -English Literature 2 (ICL)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAM.Price - £6.95Programs - Poets, Playwrights. ModernAuthors,Description - Who wrote 'Song of theShirt'? Which playwright also playedcricket for England?

•wt111111111..•-•

Cassette CodeItemprice Total Oty Cassette Code

hemonce Total

61: Super Prograrnst 30 £4.95 E2 English Literature 2 45 L6 95G2 Super Programs 2 31 £4.95 E3

- Geography 1

46 669533 Super Programs 3 32 £4.95 Ea

. History 1

47 L5 9534 Super Programs 4 33 £4.95 E5 Mathematics I 48 L6 9505 Super Programs 5 34 £4.95 E8 Music 1 49 L6 9566: Super Programs 6 35 £4.95 (7 Inventions' itt3 9567: Super Programs 7 38 £4.95 E8 S pa t i a l 51 £6.95613 Super Programs 13 37 £4.95 81 Collectors Pack 52 £9.95GO, Biorhythms 38 £6.95 82 Club Record Controller 53 £9.95

010 Backgammon 39 £5.95 83 Vil-CALC E7 95Gil: Chess 40 £6.95 84 VU--FILE ss E7 06012• Fantasy Games 41 L4 75 ZX t6K RAM pack $8 L29 95013 Space Raiders & Bomber 42 £3.95 ZX Pnnter 27 £59.95614 Flight Simulation 43 L5 95 Post & packing -El English Literature 1 44 £6.95 onry it ordering hardware ti2 95

TOTAL C

rd

I.

Cassette E3: Fun to Learnseries - Geography 1 (ICI)

Hardware required - ZX81 +16K RAM.

Price - £695.Programs - Towns in England and

VVales. Countries and Capitals of EuropeDescription - The computer shows youa map and a list of towns. You locatethe towns correctly. Or the computerchallenges you to name a pinpointedlocation.Cassette E4: Fun to Learn series -History 1 ( ICI)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAM.Price - £6.95.Programs - Events in British History.British Monarchs.Description - From 1066 to 1981, findout when important events occurred.Recognise monarchs in an identityparadeCassette E5: Fun to Learn series -Mathematics 1 (1CL)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAMPrice - £6.95.

a P r o g r a m s - Addition/Subtraction.Multiplication/Division.Description - Questions and answers

on) o n basic mathematics at different1. l e v e l s of difficulty.

Cassette E6: Fun to Learn series -Music 1 (ICL)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAMPrice - £695.Programs - Composers Musicians.Description - Which instrument doesJames Galway play? Who composed'Peter Grimes'?Cassette E7: Fun to Learn series -Inventions 1 (1CL)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAMPrice - £6.95.Programs - Inventions before 1850.Inventions since 1850.Description - Who invented television?What was the 'dangerous Lucifer'?Cassette E8: Fun to Learn series -Spelling 1 (ICI)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAMPrice - £6.95.Programs - Series A1-A15. Series B1-B15.Description - Listen to the word spokenon your tape recorder, then spell it outon your ZX81. 300 words in totalsuitable for 6-11year olds_

31

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Business/householdCassette B1 : The Collector's Pack (1CL)Hardware required - ZX81+ 16K RAM.Price - £9.95.Program - Collector's Pack, plus blanktape orside 2 for program/data storage.Description - This comprehensive pro-gram should allow collectors (of stamps.coins etc.) to hold up to 400 records ofup to 6 different items on one cassette.Keep your records up to date andsorted into order.Cassette B2: The Club RecordController (ICL)Hardware required - ZX81+ 16K RAMPrice - E9.95.Program - Club Record Controller plusblank tape on side 2 for program/datastorage.Description - Enables clubs to holdrecords of up to 100 members on onecassette. Allows for names, addresses,'phone numbers plus five lots ofadditional information e g type ofmembership_

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To Sinclair Research, FREEPOST. Camberley, Surrey. GU15 3BRPlease send me the items I have indicated below.

Cassette 83: VU-CALC (Psion)Hardware required - ZX81 + 16K RAMPrice - E 7.95.Program - VU-CALCDescription - Turns your ZX81 into animmensely powerful analysis chart.VU-CALC constructs, generates andcalculates large tables for applicationssuch as financial analysis, budgetsheets, and projections. Complete withfull instructions.

Cassette B4: VU-FILE (Psion)Hardware required - Z)(81 + 16K RAMPrice - £7.95.Programs - VU-FILE. Examples.Description - A general-purpose infor-mation storage and retrieval programwith emphasis on user-friendliness andvisual display. Use it to catalogue yourcollection, maintain records or clubmemberships, keep track of youraccounts, or as a telephone directory.

How to orderSimply use the FREEPOST order

form below and either enclose acheque or give us your credit cardnumber. Credit card holders can orderby phone - simply call Camberley(0276) 66104 or 21282 during officehours. Either way, please allow up to28 days for delivery, and there's a14-day money-back option, of course.

ZX8ISOFTWARESinclair Research Ltd,Stanhope Road, Camberley, Surrey.GU15 3PSTel: Camberley (0276) 66104 & 21282

• enclose a cheque/postal order to Sinclair Research Ltd for EPlease charge my •Access/Barclaycard/Trustcard no.*Please delete as applicable. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I L iMr/MrsiMisS i I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

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150 D R A W 2 AT X % ( 1 ) , Y M I ) : Y Y M I ) = Y % ( I ) : POKE P I T , P P X : PO KE D U R , 20 : CALLNOISE: I F M I ) = - 3 AND M I ) H T % + ( I N T ( 3 0 * R N D ( 1 ) ) ) THENV7. ( I ) = 3

170 T X = P D L ( 0 )180 I F I X < 1 5 THEN I % = 1 5190 I F I % > 2 4 0 THEN I X = 2 4 0200 D R A W 1 A T I X , K X : I I % = I %220 I F C H X ( I ) = 0 THEN 2 7 0230 I F M I ) < > 1 4 0 THEN 2 1 0235 C H M I ) = 0 : XDRAW 2 A T X X ( I ) , Y Y Z ( I ) : PO KE P I T , 2 5 0 : POKE D U R , 1 5 0 : CALL

NOISE:PT% = 2 0 : D F % = 1 : GOSUP 2 0 0 0210 I F Y M I ) < > 1 4 2 THEN 2 7 0245 I F ( ( I % X % ( I ) - 1 5 ) AND ( I X < X V I ) + 6 ) ) T HEN M I ) = - a : POKE P

I 1 , 1 2 0 : POKE DURp100: CAL L NOISE:PT% = l o : o r x = 0 : GOSUB 2 0 0 0270 XD R A W 1 A T I I % , K X275 PP% = I N T C RND ( 1 ) * 2 ) * 2 0 0280 N E X T290 G O T O 1 0 0994 R E M995 R E M m o t o k s m i o u l t m o g i * * * * * * * * * * s i s r * S s S * * * A t996 R E M I N P U T DATA AND MACHINE CODE997 R E M S U B R O U T I N E FOR SOUND AND SHAPES990 R E M mu me m* w mo i c x x x x x o l o c a x l m* * * * * * * mmu n i u t t s c999 R E M1000 K% = 143: SC% = 0 : S% = 5: A7. = 5: R% = 0 : C l % = 3 : C 2 X = 51010 F O R I = 0 T O 8 : V % <I ) = 3 : C H X ( I ) = 0 : NEXT1020 NO ISE = 7 8 6 : P I T = 789: O UR = 7 8 71030 F O R I = 7 6 0 TO 7 9 9 : READ J : POKE I p J : NEXT103510361037104010501055105610571060106510661067107010801081108510861087100010901100

R E M = = = = = = = = =

REM D A T A FOR SHAPES TABLEREMDATA 2 , 0 , 610 , 1 1 , 0 , 45 , 5 3 ,6 3 , 3 9'0

DATA 6 0 , 4 4 , 4 4 , 4 6 , 1 9 0 , 6 0 , 0REMREM D A T A FOR SOUND ROUTINEREMDATA 1 6 0 , 2 5 5 , 1 6 2 , 1 6 0 , 2 0 2 , 2 08,2 5 3 , 1 7 3 , 4 8 , 1 9 2 , 1 3 6 , 2 0 8 , 2 45 , 9 6

REMREM S E T STARTING ADDRESS FOR MACHINE CODE SUBROUTINEREMPOKE 2 3 2 , 0 : PO KE 2 3 3 , 3RETURNREMREMREM S E T U P BASE L I N EREM = = = = = = =REMHGR : HCOLOR= C 2 X: SCALE= S X : RO T = R%FOR I = 2 7 9 T O 0 ST EP - 1 : HPLOT 1'1 5 0 : P O K E P I T , I .5 : P O K E D U R , 1

0: CAL L N O ISE: NEXT1110 F O R I = 0 T O 2 7 91120 H P L O T 1 , 1 5 11130 P O K E P I T p I . 5 : POKE D U R , 1 0 : CALL NO ISE1150 N E X T1160 HCO L O R= C l % : RETURN119/1 R E M1495 R E M S S * * * * * * s * * * * * *1496 R E M T I T L E ROUTINE1197 R E M S i c K * * * s i S l i n k m m i x1198 R E M1500 H O M E : VTAB 3 : HTAB 1 01501 F O R I = 1 T O 1 6 : PR I N T " W s : : POKE P I 1*1 0 0 : P O K E D U R ,1 0 0 : C A L L N O I S E :

NEXT1502 A S = " * A L I E N LEMMLNGS*": VT AB 4 : HTAB 1 01503 F O R I = 1 T O L E N ( A s ) : PR I N T M I D $ < A $ , I , 1 ) : : POKE P I T , ABC ( MID I )

( A $#I ,1 ) ): POKE OUR, ASC C MILOS / 30: CALL NOISE: NEXT

1504 V T A B 5 : HTAB 1 01505 F O R I = 1 T O 1 6 : PR I N T " * " ; : POKE P I T , 1 0 0 : POKE O U R ,100: CAL L N O ISE:

NEXT1506 P R I N T : PR I N T : HTAB 1 0 : PR I N T " B Y BOB PENROSE - F EB 1 9 8 2 "1510 W A S 1 2 : HT AP I : CAL L 9 5 8 : PR I N T "L EVEL ( 1 - 5 ) " ;1520 G E T O $: I F 0 4 C H R $ ( 4 9 ) O R 0 $ > C H R $ ( 5 3 ) THEN P R I N T

CHR$ ( 7 ) :

: CO TO 1 5 2 01530 P R I N T 0 $ ; : L % = V A L ( O S )1535 G E T O S : I F 0 $ = C H R S ( 8 ) T H E N 1 5 1 01537 I F 0 $ < C H R S ( 1 3 ) T H E N 1 5 3 51540 O N L % GOTO 1 5 5 0 , 1 5 6 0 , 1 5 7 0 , 1 5 8 0 , 1 5 9 01543 R E M1541 R E M x x x x * * * * * * * w x x x x * * * * * * * * *1545 R E M S E T U P S T E P S I Z E F O R L OOP1546 R E M P R O B A B I L I T Y , H E I G H T A N D1547 R E M H I G H SCORE F O R E A CH L E V E L1548 R E M * A ( * * * * * * * * * 4 * * * * * * * x * * * * *1549 R E M1550 S l % = 4 : R = . 9 5 : M I X = 8 0 : H S % = 5 0 0 : RE T URN1560 S T% = 4 : R = . 9 : H T % = 1 0 0 : H S % = 3 0 0 : RE T URN1570 S T% = 2 : R = . 9 5 : H 1 % = 8 0 : H S % = 2 5 0 : RE TURN1580 S T% = 2 : R . 9 : H T % = 1 0 0 : H 6 % = 2 0 0 : RE TURN1590 S T% = 1 : R = . 9 5 : H r % = 8 0 : H S % = 1 5 0 : RE T URN1594 R E M1 5 9 5 R E M 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 ( * * * * * * X X X X * *1596 R E M S C O R E B O A R D RO UT I NE1597 R E M w w * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *1590 R E M1600 H O M E1610 V T A B 2 1 : H T A B 1 : I N V E R S E : P R I N T " L E V E L " ; : NO RMA L : P R I N T " " ; : I N V E R S E

: P R I N T " * " ; : NORMA L : P R I N T L % ; : I N V E R S E : P R I N T " * "1620 V T A P 2 1 : H T A B 2 4 : P R I N T " x o l o o m m w x x c x * "1630 V T A B 2 2 : H T A B 1 3 : P R I N T " * * * " H T A B 2 4 : P R I N T " * S C O R E " ; : H T A B 3 5 : P R I N T

. * .1640 V T A B 2 3 : P R I N T " A L I E N S L E F T " ; : H T A B 1 3 : P R I N T " * " ; : NO RMA L : P R I N T A

% ; : I N V E R S E : P R I N T " w " : : H T A B 2 4 : P R I N T " m o l o i t x * * * * * * x m "1650 V T A B 2 4 : H T A B 1 3 : P R I N T " * * * " ; : NORMA L1660 V T A B 2 2 : H T A B 3 4 : P R I N T S C Z : RE T URN1990 R E M1991 R E M x x x a m x x * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *1992 R E M C H E C K S A N D P R I N T S S CORE1993 R E M * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * x1994 R E M2000 S C% = S C% + P T%2010 I F S C% 0 T H E N SC% = 02 0 1 5 V T A B 2 2 : H T A B 3 1 : P R I N T " " : R E M — 4 S F A C E S -2020 V T A E 2 2 : H T A B ( 3 4 — ( S C % 9 ) — ( S C % , 9 9 ) - ( S C % ' 9 9 9 ) ) : P R I N T S C%

2030 A % = A % — O F)' . : V T A B 2 3 : H T A B 1 4 : P R I N T A %2040 I F A % = 0 T H E N P O P : G O TO 2 5 0 0 : R E M — Y O U L O S E1—2050 I F SC)' . = HS % T HE N P O P : G O TO 3 0 0 0 : R E M — Y O U W I N ' - -2060 R E T U R N2490 R E M2 4 9 1 R E M X * * * * * * * * I W W X2492 R E M E N D O F GAME2493 R E M * x t v o l o i m o t w m u a x x *2494 R E M2500 T E X T : HOME2505 V T A B 2 1 : H T A B 1 : C A L L — 9 5 82510 F R I N T " Y O UR SCORE I S " ; S C % ; " O N L E V E L " ; L %2520 P R I N T : P R I N T " P L A Y A G A I N ( Y / N )92530 G E T 0 $ : P R I N T O S : I F O S = " Y " T H E N R U N2510 I F O S > " N " T H E N P R I N T C H R S ( 7 ) ; : G O TO 2 5 3 02550 T E X T : HO ME : P R I N T " T H A N K S FO R P L A Y I N G " : E N D2990 R E M2991 R E M * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *2992 R E M V I C T O R Y S A L UTE2993 R E M m o i m i m * x x * * * * * * * *2994 R E M3000 T E X T : HO ME3010 F O R I = 5 0 T O i S T E P — 13020 P O K E P I T . 5 * I : P O K E D U R , 5 * fl C A L L N O I S E3030 N E X T3040 V T A B 1 0 : H T A B 1 03045 F L A S H : P R I N T "3050 H T A B 1 0 : P R I N T " Y O U W I N3055 H T A B 1 0 : P R I N T " = = = ; . = = = = = " : NO RMA L

, 13060 GOTO 2505

L i l l &4111N

I n )

PRACTICALM 111•111111111111111111.111111PROGRAMMINGTHE IMPORTANCEOF GOODCOMMUNICATIONCommunication and interaction be-tween the program and the user is aparticularly important subject I nmost cases all the user will see iswhat appears on the screen, and theprogram wi l l b e judged b y howhelpful the instructions are and howeasy they are to follow.

Instructions should always be in-cluded in the program, even if youare going to be the only personusing i t. I t is surprisingly easy toforget how to operate a programwhen you have not seen i t for sixmonths. Where the instructions arelong and complicated full instruc-tions ma y have t o b e providedseparately, as text accompanying alisting in a magazine or as a printedsheet o r booklet accompanying aprogram sold o n tape. However,even w hen a complete s e t o fprinted instructions is available theprogram should still include someinstructions and helpful prompts.

It i s useful to include a HELPfunction in your programs, and thiscan be done quite easily i f the in-structions are contained in a sub-routine. For example:

i.

BY TED BALL62 COMPUTER & VIDEO GAMES

1000 CIS1010 PRINT "THE OBJECT OF

THE GAME IS . . ."1020 PRINT

1100 PRINT1110 PRINT "PRESS ANY KEY

TO CONTINUE"1120 GET A$1130 IF A$=" " THEN GOTO 11201140 RETURN.

The program can begin withthe usual:

10 PRINT "D O YOU WAN TINSTRUCTIONS? (Y OR N)"

20 GET A$30 IF Al="Y" THEN GOTO 6040 IF AS="N" THEN GOTO 7050 GOTO 2060 GOSUB 1000: REM PRINT

INSTRUCTIONS70

The HELP function can then beimplemented by testing for the usertyping "H" or "HELP" whenever aninput i s b e i n g processed. F o rexample:100 GET A$110 IF AS - "H" THEN GOSUB 1000120 IF AS ="L" THEN GOSUB 2000130

This allows the user to see theinstructions again at any time_ Ofcourse, you must remember thatprinting the instructions will destroythe display, and you may have toadd extra instructions to restore thedisplay afterwards.

Another point to remember whenthe instructions are long and needto be printed in two or more blocksis to allow the user to go back andre-read earlier blocks.

If the instructions can be dividedinto sections each of which appliesin only one part of the program it isbest to arrange HELP so that it givesonly the instructions that refer to thepart of the program currently beingexecuted.

The amount of detail you need togive in the instructions depends onhow well-known the game is andhow complicated the instructionsare

For example, in a chess programyou only need give instructions onhow to enter moves into the compu-ter and how to use any extra fea-tures l i ke recording a game, a sanyone wanting to use a chess pro-

gram will already know how to playthe game.

Even in a simple and well-knowngame you may sometimes want toinclude full instructions; fo r exam-ple, although you may think thatno-one needs to be told how to playNoughts and Crosses i t would beadvisable to include ful l details i fthe program is likely to be used byyoung children.

With lesser-known games youwill need to provide full details ofhow to play the game, even i f thegame is described in easily avail-able standard books.

There are many people who willtype in a long program i f the in-structions a re complete and thedescription makes the game lookinteresting but will not bother if theyhave to go to the trouble of getting abook before they ca n p lay th egame.

DESIGNING THESCREEN LAYOUTScreen layout i s another featurethat should be designed carefully tomake things easy fo r th e user.Although the type and amount o finformation you need to display de-pends o n the program there aresome general principles that shouldbe kept in mind.

The current state o f the gameshould b e displayed prominentlyand the screen should not be clut-tered wi th subsidiary informationthat is not of immediate use.

The best format is usually to havethe main action in the central part ofthe screen and put any numerical ortextual information a t the to p o rbottom_

With action games of the spaceinvaders or asteroids type the mainproblem is producing the movinggraphics. The only other informa-tion needed is the player's currentscore and the best score to date,and perhaps the number o f laserbases or spaceships the player hasleft

In this type o f game the scores.etc., are not essential to the playerbut should be displayed so he cansee how he is doing. But there aregames l i ke Moon Lander whereheight, speed, etc. are essential.

In this case the essential informa-tion should b e displayed clearlyand fairly close together o n thescreen. The player should not haveto keep shifting his attention fromone part of the screen to another tofind the required information, whenhe needs to concentrate on whatshould be done.11111r11111111"11111111.11.

ADVENTURE ANDINFORMATIONAt the other extreme we have theAdventure type game where thereis a large amount of textual informa-tion and there is not room on thescreen for all the current data on thestate of the game.

In such cases i t is necessary toseparate the information into a num-ber of blocks and allow each blockto b e cal led u p t o th e screenwhenever it is wanted.

Adventure w a s original ly d e -signed for large mainframe compu-

ters where the usual input/outputdevice was a hard copy terminal ora VDU that simulated a hard copyterminal.

Because o f this, the informationwas displayed as text which scrol-led up, and on a VDU the old in-formation was lost whenever newinformation was printed.

The earliest Adventure games onhome microcomputers followed thispractice, b u t w i th a memory-mapped screen it is possible to dobetter.

The information provided in anAdventure program generally fallsinto one of two types: permanent orsemi-permanent information l i k ethe description of current surround-ings or the inventory of the player'sequipment, and transitory informa-tion like the result of performing anaction.

The more recent Adventure-typegames designed specifically f o rmicrocomputers take advantage ofthe memory-mapped screen b ydividing the display into two sec-

PRACTICALPROGRAMMING

tions for the two types of mformalion.

This makes i t possible to leave.for example, the inventory on thescreen while the player is typing ina number of commands trying to getsomething to happen.

DEALING WITHSTRATEGY GAMESIn strategy games the amount o finformation you need to display canvary, according to the game, from asimple graphical picture of the cur-rent position and a note o f whoseturn i t is, up to complex graphics,several di fferent scores, a n d arecord of all the moves to date.

The main point to watch with thiskind of game is that the screen doesnot get filled with irrelevant or outof date information, and also that theplayer can easily see the latestmove and the effect i t has on thestate of the game.

In most cases you only need toprovide simple messages, " M YTURN', "YOUR TURN", "I WIN', etc,but i t is often useful to provide alittle more. For example, in Noughtsand Crosses it is more helpful i f theprompt says something like "YOURTURN: PLEASE TYPE I N R OWNUMBER, COLUMN NUMBER".

You should also try to make theprogram's responses a s fast a spossible, as people wi l l soon getbored if they regularly have to waitwhile the program is working out itsmove.

If an occasional slow response isunavoidable it is best to indicate thisto the player with a message, l ike"I'M THINKING. PLEASE WAIT AMOMENT". This wi l l also tel l theplayer that the machine is still work-ing, and he wi l l not get womedabout the computer having crashedwhen nothing happens fo r a fewseconds or tens of seconds.

The best way to improve theappearance and usability o f yourprograms is to look at them, and atother people's programs, critically,and note the good arid bad features.

If you think about what you likeand dislike in the programs you useyou wil l be better prepared to in-clude the former and exclude thelatter next time you program.


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The problem is best attacked by ex-amining the result that each playermust achieve. Figure 1 shows the endof a game — a rather artificial gamefor the sake of clarity. The stonesmarked s h o w the territorial bound-aries. The players score one point foreach vacant intersection in their terri-tory. If they could have avoided it —It's easy with hindsight! — theywouldn't have played the unmarkedstones at all, because each reducestheir potential score by a point.

The game is clearly over becausenot only can neither player benefit byplaying in their own areas but playinginside their opponent's areas whichare so well established would besuicidal.

Now take a couple of moves back— see figure 2. The only sensiblemoves possible are at the intersec-tions indicated by a cross. Why? Be-cause these places define the bound-ary between opposing armies. Ormore concretely — each is next toboth a white and a black stone. In thiscontext. –n e x t " m ea n s any of upto

eight intersections — less at the edgeof the board — surrounding the in-tersection in question.

Figure 3 shows the same gameearlier on. The intersections next toboth black and white stones are

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Fig 3 .

Having shown an approach to pro-gramming the rules of Go in pre-vious articles, this one is devotedto those impatient souls who ask"Yes, BUT how do you get it toplay?" Getting a computer to playGo well is a very ambitious project.We shall limit ourselves in thisarticle to the simplest possiblesolution to getting a program toplay at alit

marked with a cross. These provide asubset of the moves either playermight make. The other moves dependon a perception of where the territor-ies will form. Easy for a human! Verydifficult for a computer program! Solet us restrict our computer to playingon those clearly detectable boundaryintersections.

Progress indeed! But what happensat the beginning of the game. Unfortu-nately on an empty board there are nointersections next to both black andwhite stones — nor will there be forseveral moves to come!

One way to overcome this hurdle isto select a set of default points so thatif the program cannot find a boundaryIntersection it can use a default pointinstead.

Figure 4 shows a good pattern for a

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9x9 board. There are enough defaultpoints so that detectable boundariesare certain to occur, and incidentally,these are good strategic points to playon anyhow.

However, it is important to delete adefault point once a stone is playednext to it. As the game gets underway,the territorial boundaires must be-come paramount.

One problem remains. Which of theseveral options at each move shouldthe program choose? The simplestanswer is that it does not matter —any solution will do. For instance, ifthe Basic you use can generate ran-dom numbers, why not use this facil-ity to pick one of the options in anunpredictable fashion?

The standard of play of the programleaves a lot to be desired but:• It can form territories• It will not invade opponents areaswhen ii is silly to do so• Less obviously, it does captureopponent stones that do not manageto surround territory• And it knows when to stop!

The next article will examine someof the ways of improving this verybasic but effective method of compu-ter play.

Fig 2 .

WATER, WATER,EVERYWHERE!Filling a bucket with water sounds asimple act but can lead to nastycomplications i n a n Adventureprogram.

Water is a substance that canmake programming a r e a lheadache, since it doesn't obey thesimple rules that most objects fol-low. To take any you must be car-rying a suitable container.

The second complication is thathaving filled your container, there isstill nearly as much water left asbefore! How can we cope with that?

If water is treated as an object inthe object array, then when taken itwill disappear from its original loca-tion. So a way round this is to use aflag, and to include the presence ofwater in the location description.

Let's refresh our memories aboutour existing TAKE routine:1100 IF P(K2) L N THEN 3010

ELSE LET P(K2)= 50: LET IN =IN+ 1

We can interrupt this line by in-serting:1100 IF R3$ = "WATER" THEN

1234 ELSE IF P(K2) e t c .1234 IF LN (> 14 THEN LET Ql$ =

"I DON'T SEE A N Y HERE"ELSE IF P(12) 0 50 THEN LETQ1$ = " N O CONTAINER"ELSE IF C(12)=3 THEN LET0 IS "BUCKET'S ALREADYFULL" ELSE LET Q IS = "OK":LET C(12) --- 3

1235 GOTO 100In the above the bucket is object

no. 12 and its flag C(12) will indicate

whether it is full or empty — 3 if full,else 2. 50, you may remember, is thenotional location num be r w eassigned to any object in the play-er's inventory.

Water, of course, will have to be arecognisable noun rather than anobject, thereby resulting in a valueof 1(2 which when used as a sub-script for an object variable couldcause a computer error, since itmay be beyond the dimension limitsfor the object-associated arrays.

For example, if there are 20 ob-

TIME SEARCHFOR ANOTHERDOCTOR WHO

jects and 30 nouns in the game, thenoun WATER may return a value of25 for K2. Thus the original line 1100will bomb, as will our modified ver-sion, if another noun is TAKEN.

The solution is to first scan theobject array for a recognisable ob-ject. I f not found, scan the nounstring. If a valid noun is found, addto its found position in the string thehighest dimension o f the objectarray.

The noun string is now effectivelyan extension of the object array, theresulting value of K2 being uniquefor object or noun.

We can now once again modifyline 1100:1100 IF K2 > n THEN 1234 ELSE IF

P(K2)1101 REM n N O OF OBJECTS IN

ARRAY — HIGHEST SUB-SCRIPT TO AVOID ERROR.

1234 IF K2 = (decode no for water)THEN LET e t c .

Line 1234 could have taken theform ON K2-n GOTO which couldcater for a number of situations.

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ea sxpanaor. q u r e d This progrern will create and manage ahousehold inventory for laalLralICO puxoom. Tracks purchasedale, cosi description and location WI11 total values and printto sc-re, a cr ormter L9_95

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L u V e g as style b l ackj ack wi th th e s e r v i n g aS de a . rplayers can play against the houseiVIC art r a g such strategyas Doubling Down' and controlling your bets re e 11 card isdisplayed on the screen in full co/our The vic provides ateasy Way lo develop your SYSTEM • berOre a a . re1, Ing tothe table L S A I S

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GAMES SAy

1

A recent article in this magazine sug-gested that i t is impossible to look atevery variation for the game of Chess oreven f o r th e game o f Noughts a n dCrosses.

But a l l variations f o r Noughts a n dCrosses can n o w b e calculated p re -cisely on a computer. bu t you wou ldhave to play for 28,519 years — day andnight — at three minutes pe r game toplay out all of them.

The game o f Noughts and Crossesoffers five thousand million variations.

Chess involves a far larger sum that isalso calculable now. You'd run out o ftime and paper in the universe i f youwere to t ry to p lay a ll o f them. Th eprinciples for both garnes are the same,despite the different conditions of play.

Games o f pu re strategy a re thosewhere all the facts are fully visible to theplayers throughout. No secret o r ran-domised factors are every involved, ex-cept the intentions of the players — o rso it was believed until now.

As stated earlier, the sum of possibleintentions is n o w a calculable entity.Chess i s enormously co mp le x a n dNoughts and Crosses very simple, butthe pnriciples are the same although thedetails differ. Let us see what all of thismeans in so far as one o f the simp le rgames is concerned. The same mean-ings will be found to hold true for morecomplex games.

The on ly e rro r f re e a n d thereforeperfect game between equals a lwaysends in a draw. An early draw is a gamein which both players can foresee whatis conventionally called a stalemate. Buta stalemate is mere ly a misunderstooddraw played to the last o r last-but-oneturn.

That's t ru e f o r b o th Noughts a n dCrosses and chess, although championsare usually reluctant to admit it. Eithergame is won only by default — i.e. bytrading on o r inducing mistakes in theother player.

That means employing tactical feints— dirty tricks — waiting for the other todo something stupid and careless, or byinducing such errors by means of per-petual psychological warfa re . Bo b b yrisoher was an expert a t such ploys.

In chess, Noughts and Crosses or Go,most players believe that they have artadvantage i f they have the fast move(he. white in chess). The fallacy of thatbelief is best illustrated by what occursin Noughts and Crosses.

The sum of a ll choices f o r b o th

Life and games are governed bystrategies and tactics. That'swhat makes game playinginteresting. ARNOLD ARNOLD,in the last of his articles on thedeeper meanings behind thegames people play, deals withthe general solution of thechess problem — with Noughtsand Crosses thrown in for good.measure.

players = 45. The fast moving p layerenjoys 25 o f these (9 +7 +5 +3 + 1) andthe second on ly 20. Th e fi rst movingplayer therefore has a severe numericaldisadvantage in winning terms. He canmake fi v e mo re mistakes th a n t h esecond moving player. But both have anequal opportunity to foresee or achievean error free result — a draw — if bothplay flawlessly.

This can be tested crane simply. Tryfor the earliest victory. The first movingplayer has an advantage there. He hasthe earliest opportunity to trade on hispartnen'opponent's mistake, but only ifthe second moving player is immature,inexperienced, inattentive, stupid, drug-ged, drunk or insane.

But what has the winner won? He haswon b y default. Later on in the game,and i f he blunders, the fi rst movingplayer can lose just as easily.

So the whole thing is largely a matterof attention, attitude or doing things bythe numbers, or lack of any of these. Ofthe five thousand million possibilities forNoughts and Crosses, only six need tobe considered seriously.

These are: the non-game; the win :lose game; the early draw; the stale-mate; the interrupted game: or the gameplayed in violation of the rules.

No other outcomes are possible andall are caused by strategies and tacticsor randomness, no matter which gamesyou play or by which rules. The draw isthe only balanced outcome, based on anabsence of any error.

Arty seeming deviation f ro m theseprinciples can only be due to artificiallycreated scoring imbalances or by look-ing only at 2 x 2 games.

The only conclusions are that peoplewin in the l-: ' co n ve n t io n a l sense be-

cause they have the wrong values, con-sider too much or too little data, don'tunderstand what they are doing or failto pay attention.

Others los e because they don ' tunderstand, don't pay attention, or allowthemselves to be distracted and vic-timised.

The only equal players are those whoachieve a d ra w and wh o understandwhat that means. In the highest sensethe draw means perfection, perfect co-operation b e twe e n equa ls, ba lance,peace and harmony.

What should interest game afficion-ados is that i t is fa r mo re d ifficult t oachieve a conscious d ra w than a vic-tory. Try playing Noughts and Crosseson a 9 • 9 d iagram with a winn ingrequirement of 5-in-a-row.

Try fo r the earliest d ra w systemati-cally, symmetrically and then assymetri-cally and you'll really have a challengeon your hands, whether you play with acomputer or with a human being.

These obvious principles should havebeen understood lo n g ago, Bu t theywere o n ly understood i n th e orient.Most chess championships end up witha long series o f draws and stalematesuntil the required number of games arewon — by default.

The b e st g a me s these championsplay are said not to count. Prize moneyis only awarded to the "winner.' Playingto win so le ly f o r the sake o f moneycorrupts.

It fools all those who don't understandor don't want to understand. The fi rstcan b e excused because th e y havebeen vict imised b y wro n g be lie fs o flong standing.

They h a v e b e e n cond it ioned t obelieve all the wrong things. The latterare simply unprincipled opportunists,people who want to win at any cost.

This should no t discourage peoplewho play games for fun or to discoverthe meanings o f games. Ach ieving adraw with an equally matched gameparmer is a considerable achievement,

Games are amusing, fascinating andimportant, especially now that we havethe capacity to model games with pre-cision on any computer o r calculator.We cart therefore d iscover the causeand consequences of every move ANDof every player's intentions.

We can be sure of who plays for thesake o f t rying to achieve perfection,cooperation and peace and who merely

wants to victinuse us.

istBY FRED D'IGNAZIO

One day, just a few months ago, twomen were squeezed inside a crampedtrailer on a Walt Disney studio backlot inBurbank, California. They were peeringintently at a computer picture screen:

At first the screen was blank. Thenglowing, darting images appeared:Giant, horseshoe-shaped flying bat-tleships. Telephone receivers that racedacross a fishnet of pure light. Squat,sleek tanks that fired deadly energybolts.

The inside of the trailer echoed androcked with the men's impromptu ap-plause, laughter, and sudden arguments.Then silence.

One man scribbled notes on a sheetof paper. The other pushed buttons on akeyboard below the screen. The tanksmoved forward, then backward, thenforward, all in slow motion. The bat-tleships a l ia s Recognizers — rotatedand approached until they loomed onthe screen.

The telephones a lia s light cycles —froze in place on the infinite grid, theninched forward and collided in a burst ofblinding light.

What were the men doing? I tappeared as if they were playiRg asophisticated video game. But they werenot playing a game_ They were makinga movie.

The two men were Jerry Rees and BillKroyer, two Disney animators with im-pressive credits. Both had worked on anumber of animated films for Disney andother producers. Rees recently workedon Pete's Dragon. Kroyer helped toanimate The Fox and the Hound.

Now the two were working on Iron,the story of a renegade video gamedesigner's heroic battles in a microscopicfantasy world inside a computer.

In the olden days at Disney t h e1930s through the 1950s animationwas tedious and time-consuming.Dozens of animators laboured paintingendless sheets of clear plastic cells whichwere later strung together into a feature-length animated film. It became so ex-pensive, in terms of animators' salaries,that high-quality animated films becamerare. The field ceased to evolve.

The state-of-the-art films, the classics,were produced nearly half a centuryago. Then up popped the computer.In the mid-1970's, cost-conscious pro-ducers began training their animators oncomputer graphics workstations. Theanimators used the computer as a digitalpaintbrush.

They drew a film frame on a graphicstablet with an electric pen wired to thecomputer. Their picture instantly

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appeared on the computer's TV screen.At the bottom of the screen stretched anelectronic palette — a row of twenty orthirty blocks, each a different colour.

To colour his picture, the animator hodonly to touch the palette with his pen,then lightly tap the screen. In a fewseconds, an artist could colour an entirescene.

Animators let the computer do theircolouring. They also let it do entireframes. These frames, known as in-be-tweeners, were mid-points in an actionscene. For example, if the hero leapedonto his horse, the animator onlyneeded to draw the beginning and en-ding film frame. The computer couldinterpolate all the frames in betweenand draw them itself.

The animators' early programs wereknown as paint programs. The artists stilldrew most of the film frames, but thecomputer helped them work faster.

Then computer scientists discovered away for the computer to grow scenes onits own, completely from scratch. Ascientist with no artistic ability could feedthe computer p mixture of numbers andcomplex mathematical formulas, and outwould come completely synthesized pic-tures — of craggy mountains, crystalgoblets, bowls of fruit, Greek temples,trees, the rings of Saturn, or a pair ofunlaced, dirty tennis shoes.

The texture, colour, light, shadows,and perspective in the pictures wererealistic and convincing. The pictureslooked like photographs. Yet the objectsthey represented did not exist, except asminute pulses of electricity inside a coin-

outer.In 1977, Steven Lisberger, a talented

young director, called on the executivesat Walt Disney Productions at theirheadquarters on Dopey Drive, in Bur-bank, California. Lisberger had a fabu-lous movie to propose, ond he wantedDisney to produce it.

Like fellow director, Steven Spielberg,Lisberger had grown up on magicalDisney films like Snow White, Pinoc-chio, and Fantasia. Now he wantedto bring a little of that magic back toDisney studios where it hadn't been seenfor almost fifteen years.

Lisberger had dreamt up a story aboutKevin Flynn, a maverick hero who setsout to conquer evil in this world and in asurreal world in the bowels of a super-computer.

Lisberger's script began with Flynntrying to crack into his old company'scomputer to locate evidence that hisarch-enemy, Dillinger, had swindled himout of several video games he hadinvented. Bu the computer is controlledby MPC, an ultra-intelligent "MasterControl Program",

The MCP is hateful, power-hungry,and utterly without scruples. It catchesFlynn at a computer console, zaps himwith a laser teleportation device, andsucks him through the TV screen into itselectronic domain.

Flynn materializes inside the computeras an electronic being. MCP's brutalguards shove Flynn into a jail cell. Like agladiator in ancient Rome, Flynn isforced into frequent combat with hisfellow captives — programs who re-


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sisted MCP and remain loyal to theirmythical human users.

At the last moment, Flynn discovers anOily: the valiant program, Tron, cham-pion of the human users. Flynn, Tron,and another program, Ram, battle theMCP's warriors on light cycles.

The cycles flash across the game gridleaving multi-coloured energy "walls" intheir woke. The walls accumulate form-ing a maze that the cycles must man-oeuvre through and around. The cyclestravel at blinding speeds. If a cyclestrikes a wall, it explodes and it's riderdies.

Lisberger told Disney executives thestory of Flynn and Tron's adventures inthe bizarre world ruled by MCP. Hedescribed Flynn and Iron's battle tooverthrow the MCP, and Flynn's franticattempt to escape from the computer.

To the conservative executives, Lisber-ger's film sounded exciting but risky.They were sceptical. They became evenmore sceptical when Lisberger pro-posed that the film be completely ani-mated — by computer.

Lisberger's idea was ingenious: Hewanted to use computers to create theworld inside of the computer.

Lisberger persuaded the executives tolet him do o movie pilot. A few monthslater, the executives saw the pilot, andtheir doubts turned to amazement, thento enthusiastic support.

When the film finally went into pro-duction in 1980, computers and videogames hod caught up to Lisberger'samazing vision. People all over theworld were snapping up home compu-

ters and popping billions of coins intocomputer arcade games.

Also, by 1980, Lisberger had decidednot to rely completely on computeranimation. He realised that live actorscould bring a lot of energy and excite-ment to the film. He decided that the bestcombination was a mixture of liveaction, special effects and animation.

The animation would be done partlyby computer and partly by Disney ani-mators. But all of the parts — live action,special effects and animation — hod tobe blended together into a single film.

The live action in the film was shot injust a few months. The post-productionspecial effects took two years. Of thefilm's total cost of over $22 million,approximately $6 million went into live-action enhancement. Another $5 millionwent into computer-generated imagery.

Lisberger wanted the final film to lookunique, like something no one had everseen before. Yet he wanted it to beconvincing, believable and real. Live ac-tion hod to flow invisibly into computeranimation. Computer animation had toflow into special effects.

Human animators painted scenes andbackdrops that looked as if they weregenerated by a computer. Film-makingcomputers created characters andeffects that looked as if they werepainted by humans. Scenes with liveactors on barren sound stages weretouched up by animators and reflilmedwith crimson and blue "backlights"glowing brightly through the actor's cos-tumes, the props and the surroundinggeometric landscape.

The result is that the live actors seem tobe moving through a computer worldcreated totally by a computer. In fact,out of a total of almost one hundredminutes of film, only 1 5 minutes arecomputer generated.

According to Richard Taylor, directorof Teon special effects: "Creating scenesby computer is like having at your dis-posal a flawless airbrush artist who canpaint thousands of paintings a day withphotographic realism, getting perspec-tive and shading absolutely perfect."

But the computer can't work all thismagic on it's own. It needs help. Disneyanimators Bill Kroyer and Jerry Reesgave the computer the cues it needed togenerage the images for Tram

Rees and Kroyer's trailer in Burbank

was connected, over the telepnone to ahigh-speed mainframe computer lo-cated on the other side of the country, inElmsford, New York. The computer wasrun by a team of animators and engineers of the MAGI company, one offour computer-graphics companies thatworked on Troll.

Back in Burbank, Rees and Kroyer fedthe computer with a steady diet of story-boards and scene blueprints. They de-scribed every aspect of every frame theywanted the computer to produce.

Rees and Kroyer drew upon all theiranimation experience at Disney toproduce the specifications. Computeroperators at MAGI then loaded thesespecifications into the computer as cold.hard numbers.

The computer ran MAGI's "Synthavision" programs to convert the numbersinto speeding light cycles, sinister Recog-nisers, canyons, bridges and tanks. Itcreated the images out of stacks of 3-Dbuilding blocks. The building blocks,known as geometric primitives includedspheres, cones, cubes and ellipsoids. Theprimitives were added together, sub-tracted from each other, shrunk, ex-panded or distorted to make complexlooking objects.

The objects were set into motion andtransmitted, via the phone line, back toRees and Kroyer's trailer in California.The animators watched the scenes inminiature on their computer TV screen.

Elsewhere, other computers werebusy cranking out other scenes in thefilm. At Information International, inCulver City, California, a computer wastransforming billions of numbers into thejeweled polygons used to build thebeautiful solar sailer that carries Tronand Flynn to the MCP's headquarters.

Computers at Robert Abel and Associ-ates in Los Angeles were working on theTron titles and Flynn's thrilling journeyfrom the real world into the circuit worldinside the computer.

At Digital Effects in New York City,engineers programmed their computerto create one of Tron's most memor-able characters, a computer bit.

The bit could metamorphose it'sshape. Sometimes it was a hovering,spiked sphere, other times a floatingoctahedron. It acted briefly as Flynn'ssidekick but could only supply twoanswers: yes or no.

In the U.S. the film was first releasedon July 9. Critics of the movie surfacedimmediately, decrying it's shallow, com-icbook characters, it's weak plot and it'soveruse of special effects. According toone reviewer: 'Walt Disney never forgotthe importance of plot and of makingthe audience care about the characters.Lisberger has a great deal of talent, butTron would have profited from re-membering such basics."

The critic's observation is apt. Tronfrequently gets lost in its own wizardry.

Perhaps the best way to look at Tronis as the grandaddy of a new generationof movies, Tron is the first, bold step toa new era in which computers and hu-mans together produce films moremagical than anything we've ever seen.


S P A C E• I N T R U D E R S

W I T H M U T A N T S

M E T E O RS T O R Mw r r H S P E E C H O R D E R C O U P O N

• F o u r d i f f e r e n t t y p e s o fA l i e n

• R a n d o m s a u c e r g i v e sm y s t e r y p o i n t s .

• M u t a n t A l i e n f r o m s e c o n dA t t a c k - W a v e .

• B o n u s b a s e a t 5 0 , 0 0 0p o i n t s .

• A l i e n s e x p l o d e w h e n h i t .• L e f t , r i g h t a n d fi r e .• Fu l l s o u n d e f f e c t s a n d

c o l o u r .

• T h r e e d i f f e r e n t t y p e s o fm e t e o r .

• T w o d i f f e r e n t s a u c e r s .• Fu l l s c r e e n w r a p - a r o u n d .• B o n u s s h i p e v e r y 1 0 , 0 0 0

p o i n t s .• S u p e r b e x p l o s i o n s .• L e f t , r i g h t , t h r u s t , fi r e a n d

h y p e r s p a c e •• S o u n d e f f e c t s a n d s p e e c h .

P l e a s e 5 e n d r y wS P A C E I N T R U D E R S a tE 5 9 5 e a c hM E T E O R S T O R M ( S ) a tE 5 . 9 5 e a c hI e n c l o s e a c h e q u e o r P / 0 f o r

( c h e q u e s p a y a b l e t oI D U I C K S I L V A )N a m e .

A d d r e s sB O T H O F T H E S E F U L L F E A T U R E G A M E S I N C L U D E :• P e r s o n a l i s e d h i g h s c o r e t a b l e .• H o l d f e a t u r e , s u s p e n d s g a m e a t a n y t i m e .• P r o g r e s s i v e d i f fi c u l t y .• Fu l l -A t t r ac t M od e" with i ns tr uc ti on s and scores.

Su p p l i e d o n C a s s e t t e . B o t h r u n in 1 6 KS E E U S A T T H E M I C R O F A I R M i c r o s c e n e B r u m ' 8 2 s h o w a n d t h e P . 0 \AJ S h o wSa n d o r d e r t o : C R A C K S I L V A , D e p t S P A , 9 2 N o r t h a m R o ad , S o u t h a m p t o n S O 2 O P B

s an intro uction to t e exc t ngfield of specialised kit building Iam looking at the use of the manyperipheral chips available for eachof the most popular micro-processors. In later articles, I willbe looking at quite a few add-onswhich you can easily make up your-self with the minimum of effort.Most of the kits will be usable withany of the systems with little or nomodifications.

CHIPS WITHEVERYTHINGI have been looking at two particu-lar chips which would suit a numberof systems. These are the 6828/8507,a Priority Interrupt Controller, andthe 6840, a Programmable TimerController. These two chips havebeen designed for use with the 6800system but are also equally at homewith the 6500 system. It is, of course,possible to adapt the control signalsfrom other systems to comply withthose required for these chips.

My purpose fo r using the 6840was to time the switching the drive.iqnals to a stepping motor to drive

a robot mouse. The robot i s re-quired to go around corners and bywriting different subroutines in tothe timer the mouse wi l l performthe turns. I have yet to see whetherthis is a satisfactory method, bu teven i f i t is not I wil l certainly beable to use it in another project.

The 6840 is part o f the memorymap in the system and is directlyaddressable via the bus. The in-formation is placed in the internalregisters. There a re three 16-bitcounters, which decrement, and aset of control lines for each of thecounters.

Continuous square waves a r epossible by using two of the coun-ters. The square waves may be ofvariable mark'space ratio, but onlyof one polarity as the chip, unlikesome other peripherals, is poweredby a single five-volt rail.

This is a useful chip, the 6840, andcan be very helpful when the clockof the microprocessor is not of theright frequency or phase. It is veryuseful when the system is tied updoing other routines and a timingloop o f variable frequency is re-quired, which may be difficult togenerate by the microprocessor.

The 682818507 chip, on the otherhand is suitable for the inputs to asystem, whereas the 6840 i s de-signed for control applications. Oneuse tha t comes to mind a t th ismoment i s associated wi th gameplaying.

Consider a g a me w i t h t w oplayers. One player succeeds i nknocking out the opponent's gun_This would normally mean an end tothe game. In more realistic battlethe enemy would usually have morethan one piece of armament.

Would it not be better if the gamecould continue with the player usinga less powerful gun? With the con-troller chip the actions of one of theplayers may be slowed or impeded

by the routines stored a t variouslocations accessible by the differentinterrupts w h o se locations a r estored in its registers.

The priorities assigned b y thischip are, like the timer, changeabledirectly by the microprocessor sothat the program may vary withoutthe players suspecting it. This canadd another dimension to gameswhich may not be all that exciting inthe fi rs t place, especially whenthere is a possibility o f more thantwo players taking part.

The priority chip can, o f course.be used for more serious applica-tions which I will outline in the com-ing months. Also I will be showingyou some of the routines which arecommonly applied to them. Thereare o f course many more chipswhich have uses for the hobbyists.

It i s well worth looking out forgenerally available chips and alsothe dedicated ones which are de-signed f o r a specifi c purpose.These can often b e adapted fo rstrange and extraordinary uses.

I will also be looking at some ofthe methods of constructions I usedin the first few editions so that thosewho missed them then will not be ata disadvantage when it comes to kitbuilding. I look forward to some ofyour enquiries on how to tackleproblems wh ich have arisen i ntrying to create new add-ons andother hardware extras.

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74 C O M P U T E R & V I DEO GAMES

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For details of our tuftrange, and mail orderlist send large SAE to:-

Landau Electronics Ltd. Lion House, 227 Tottenham Court Road, LondonI PS 01.580 7383 Ex.28 For prompt dispatch, quote Barclay or Access card No.

(Also at 215 High Street ,Sutton, Surrey,. 01.643 5494 )Prices as going to press.

We can allhelp if we careenough...Man, people regard computers as some formof man-made monster, heralding the advent ofan era where machines are the masters of men.The emergence of microcomputers in theraid-seventies has helped to overcome thismisguided view of how computers will affectour lives.

Each month, Educational Comput ing showsthe tremendous advances being made in theenhancement of computers, part icularly

NewtPositionEstaNeshmeniIkkirrss

micros, as teaching aids. I n this annual issue.Learning to cope - computers in specialeducation, we look at the marvellousachievements of many very dedicated peopleworking with disabled andmentally-handicapped children.

Tremendous progress is being made in thisarea, brought about by a mixture of ingenuity,flexibility and determination on behalf of themanufacturers of specially-adapted products,

Learning to cope - computers in special education E1.50

l i t . , , ,end• t.'4 OC. r • • • •4 4 1 . r dc, malt ' lovable to EsI tikdt t. tui LotmettAittlit St.1ekvidixdixa Par'.

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writers of applications software, nurses andteachers putt ing ideas into practice and thechildren themselves.

In our annual, we look at the Ives'developments in special education. You canread about ihe many fascinating applications ofmicroelectronics in this field, what the peopleinvolved think and what the future holds instore. Most important of all. you can fi nd ifyou can help - even in a small way,


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LET ACORNSOFT OPEN THEDOORS TOYOUR IMAGINATIONBBC Microcomputer or Acorn Atom

Acornsoft is the softwaredivision of Acorn Computers,designers and manufacturers, of theBBC Micro and Atom. We knowbetter than anyone the capability ofthe machines, we know howto get the very best from thehardware. And we haveproduced a range of excitinggames, exacting business anduseful household software.The Biggest Range Available

Acornsoft software rangesfrom authentic arcade games likeSnapper to Algebraic Manipulationto Desk Diary to other languages likeFORTH and LISP Striking colour,amazing sound effects and powerfulgraphics are all used to the full. And itdoes not stop there. There is acomplete range of manuals,accessories and plug-in ROMs.Free Brochures

Just clip the coupon or write tous and we will rush our catalogueabsolutely free. Cant wait for the post

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LEGGING ITAROUND INTHE GARDENCENTIPEDE TIPS

Shoot them right between thefeelers, may sound an insensitivecommand bu t i t makes senseagainst the insect hordes of Cen-tipede.

This fast moving game is adifficult one to give ups on I tseems best suited to the playerwith a quick trigger finger, fastreactions and co-ordination.

But there are a few shortcutsto the higher scores The first isto make sure you hit Centipedeheads. As the creature bouncesits way down the screen, turningevery time it has a mushroom, ahit on the head segment scores10 times more than the bodysegments. And as a new headgrows each time you he the oldone, you will never run out o fthem u n t i l t h e crea tu re i sdestroyed.

The leaping spider is another

Wimbledon without tantrums ison offer to all true grass courtfans in the n e w game WorldTennis.

The screen i s placed in a"Royal Box" type position lookingdown on the court from aboveand behind the p layer you'rebacking to take the title.

At the other and of the court isthe computer-controlled player.

When the ball comes bounc-ing over the net, you manoeuvreyour champion into position andhit the button to bash the ballback, aiming fo r a good anglewhich will set the computer con-trolled player some problems.

If you manage to beat him witha flashing pass or well-disguiseddrop volley then you'll score thepoints. If not, then expect the ballto come back across t o youagain.

The court is laid Out in a 3Dperspective and a se t o f fourdropped points by you, consti-

d Lutes a game to the computer.The server changes and the

game continues until the compu-ter player again manages to getthe four points necessary to take

I a game from you. When you have


way to a high score. The bonusfor shooting th is creature, de-pends on when it is hit

The spider is a real threat inthe game as it bounds in at anangle making i t difficult to hit.That fi rst bound needs qu ickreactions to survive if you are inthe anachid's path. Beginnersshould not stray too close to theedge of the screen.

The end of a life bonus system,notches up points for every Cen-tipede segment which you suc-cessfully turned into a mushroom— by shooting it.

The bonuses do not accrue ifyou destroy the mushroom be-fore it has been scored. This is agood case fo r not engaging in

GAME, SET AND MATCHWORLD TENNIS

lost two games, you are thrownout of the tournament.

World Tennis is a simple gamewith obvious rules and no diffi-cult controls to get to grips with.

As the game progresses, thecomputer player gradually findsbetter form and can soon be-come a rea l handful b u t a tleast he doesn't shout a t theumpires.

wilful mushroom destruction.Just shoot out those which are

preventing yo u r b laste r f ro mmoving a n d , f o r advancedplayers, s p o t t h e occasionswhen y o u c a n organ ise amushroom corridor which w i l lmake fo r easy centipede p ick-ings.

D IEThe multitude of creatureCentipede are not alknown by their right names.'Pede is a common abbreitilltion and the spider is Maleasily recognised.

But the scorpion has beenreferred to as an "Angel"and the poor flea has becomeknown as "the Flying Pig".

Tidying up the mushroomsbetween Centipedes is cal-led: "Doing a bit of garden-ing" or alternatively "Terror-ising the toadstools-. Each t ime a 'pede h it s amushroom i t goes down th escreen one level and changesdirection. Caught in a corridor ofmushrooms the 'pede's head iseasily hit.

A scorpion moving across theplayfield poisons mushrooms anda 'pede later hitting one of theseplummets to the bottom o f thescreen. Try and hit the scorpionearly and limit his poisoning byshooting these mushrooms.

The only way to halt a plum-metting 'pede is a direct he onhis head, so stand by underneathand ready fo r tha t poisonoustouch.

When a non-poisoned seg -ment reaches the bottom othersegments come Out f rom th esides to join it. Use your trackerball to dodge under and shootthem. The continuous lire buttongives a new shot each time theprevious one makes contact. Soa good tactic is to use a lo wmushroom as an aiming shot andthen try to hit the segment as itturns against the mushroom.

MEET THE RECORD BREAKERSMore high scores flooded in fromyou arcade kings during the lastmonth.

A lot of people wrote in aboutBattle Zone, detailing scoreswhich put them well above ourprevious second place tanker.But Matthew Parnum with overfive million st ills holds o ff a ll-comers at the top spot.

Greg Parsons wrote to pointout t h a t ma n y B a t t le Zo n emachines will occasionally offera saucer and missile at the firstpush of the start button and thencomes up with a score well intothe millions. So watch out for this

bug—sounds like a ScreamingFoul-up special.

New high scores have come infor Pacman and God, with 12people writing in to better John

Lee's previous record, but not bymuch,

Two new games we have in-cluded are: Tempest and Dig-Dug But still no word on Dix orGalaga.

TEMPEST 3 5 9 , 0 0 0414,716 D a n i e l Oldham

Richard Holt P A C M A NSCRAMBLE 7 3 8 , 9 8 0

867,320 A . WilsonPaul John F R O G G E R

GORF 8 7 , 0 5 0282,860 D a n n y Blackmoor

J Cameron MISSILE COMMANDPHOENIX 1 2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0

Simon LordDONKEY KONG

369,000Paul BackDIG-DUG591,430

Stephen BroadbentBATTLEZONE5,507,000

Matthew Parnum

WHEN THEKANGAROOGOES APE!KID KANGAROO

Those pesky monkeys are goingto ''roo" the day they tangledwith my Mom.

Let me introduce myself cob-her, rm kid Kangaroo and I'm astrussed up as a platypus in a netand blindfolded too — wouldn'tyou just know it possums.

Even now I'm being held in atreehouse by this gang of apes. Ican hear Mom coming to therescue, but it sure ain't going tobe easy for her.

The monkeys are hurling downapples, which she has to dodge.But if it comes to a fist fight, I'dback my Mom against 'em any-day she usually gets the fi rstpunch in.

First off she's got to climb aload o f rope ladders hung be-

tween the branches of the tree.And i t she manages that, shemust test h e r special leapingability by jumping to the top onlog steps at different heights.

She's got to be careful though,one fa lse leap wi l l send h e rtumbling to the jungle floor.

The third stage of her rescueattempt is against a column o fmonkey kidnappers standing oneach other's shoulders, holdingthe cage with me in it) at the top.Mom is going to punch them outone-by-one and leap onto higherplatforms alongside the cage toattempt h e r rescue. B u t h e rheroics aren't over yet, for Mornhas one more challenge s h emust climb a series ol long andshort ladders to reach me.

But the real bludger of it all is,•that even when she does rescueme and I shout "Mom" at her ancsomewhere someone plays "OhSusannah", the monkeys lust kid•nap me all over again,

And if you thought it all sound-ed similar to Donkey Kong, wellthere's a gorilla in our game tooRe enters the scene i f Mo nshould hesitate along the way.and t rie s to n ick h e r boxinggloves.

Balloons dr i f t ing peac ef ully i nthe breeze are the villains of thenew U.S. chart-topping game,Looping.

The balloons have a tendencyto drift into the flightpath o f asmall aerobatic plane which iscontrolled by the player.

And i t wouldn't be so bad ifthere wasn't so many o f themdrifting around the screen

The temptation is to push thefire button and blast those multi-coloured canopies to shreds andthe machine does encourage youto take this course of action —purely in the interests of survival.

While negotiating your wa y

IT'S A-MAZE-ING!Well it had to happen didn't it! Apinball based on that loveabledenizen of the arcades Pac-Man.

This one comes from Bally andincludes features which shouldkeep every pinball wizard happy.Mr and Mrs Pac-Man is an awk-ward name for a good table —but don't be put oft.

It's biggest departure f ro mpinball design is the inclusion ofa Pac-Man "maze" feature in themiddle of the playfield. This is alive by five square of lights whichrepresents the maze. Once acti-vated the player has to avoid thered ''ghost" light and guide hisyellow "Pac-Man" light aroundthe maze with the obiective ofilluminating all 25 lights. Just likethe video version you get threelives to play with.

The p laye r w in s Pac-Manmoves on the maze b y hitting

through the balloons over a city,you should watch out for a ter-minal which has to be blastedaway b y gunfire to reach thenext stage of the game.

This leads through a tunnel toa maze wh ich represents thenext challenge.

This is really precision flyingand shows how the game got itsname, as often, the only way toprogress is to indulge in somefancy aerobatics.

Looping and turning throughthe narrow passages to find yourway to the outlet of the maze

targets on the pinball playfield.You activate the maze by slottingyour ball into one o f two Pac-Man ''saucers" on the playfieldControlling your Pac•Man in themaze is fairly simple once youhave mastered the technique.You use the le f t hand fl ipperbutton to indicate direction andthe right-hand to move.

By hitting the top drop targetbank three times you can turnyour normally passive " P a c-Man'' into an aggressive lit t lemonster who pays no heed to the"ghost". I f you've clocked u penough moves while playing reg-ular pinball you will then easilybe able to complete a maze.

This colourful addition to the,anks of Bally's tables is sure to

prove a winner. Already it's thethird top selling table in thpStates. Look out for it.

AMAZING ANTICS IN AERO-MAZELOOPING

The passages resemble a plumber's nightmare of twisting pipesand the area left for manoeuvreoften reaches crit ica l proporlions.

And t h e p lumbing ma ke ssense when you reach anotherbox with a large tap drippingdeath down on top of you.

If you survive t h e tap se -quence you can find your pathcleared back to tangle with theballoons — only th is time thegateway to the tunnel is openand ready to take you through amore difficult maze.


gendvaytan,tan,ese,r age.5e

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LONELY Genie I Microcom-puter, early eighties, with largeperipheral family but currentlyunattached, would like to meetinteresting, attractively pack-aged software, Genie or Tandyspecification, for programming,problem solving, entertain-ment a n d long- last ingfriendship. R eply i n confi -dence. Box No RS232.

NSWERINC MACHINES-Tice certifieo

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Buying your first Genie I microcomputer is just the start of a long and enthralling adventure, for it won'tbe long before you will want to expand your system with some of the wide range of peripherals whichmake up the complete Genie System.

Firstly there is the

Then there is the

Printer,a compact unit with 80 column, 5 x7 matrix print-out, which connects

to your Genie through theExpander, or via the Parallel

Printer Interface.

Finally, there is Genie's very own

a must if you want to let the rest ofthe family watch their TV. in

peace!Available in B W or green tube

Expansion Box,which immediately expands yourGenie's capacity to 32K RAM, andup to 48K RAM if required. It canbe connected to 4 disk drives, aprinter, RS232 interface or SIO0cards.

The Disk Drivegives you greater storagecapacity and full random accessfile handling, with the option ofdouble-density through aspecial adapter.New Dual Disk Drivenow available!

12" Monitor,

The supreme advantage of the Genie I system isits compatibility with the ms 80, which meansthat literally 10001s o f p r e -r e c o r d ed p r o gr a ms are

already available, just waiting to be plugged intoyour Genie!The recent improvements in the Genie system,including Extended Basic, sound unit andmachine language monitor, make it the idealsystem for the committed hobbyist, and anexcellent and easy-to-use educational tool.

Litle SPECIAL TECHNICAL GENIE!

HOT - LINE ON 0629 4995for a ll your technical advice and service oack-up on anyaspect ot the Ge n e system d irect from the Experts.

11=I . . . . . I = N M I = = I I 1 .1 .1

Please send me FREE, 16 page colour brochure on theGenie Computer System,! enclose 25p postage.

Name

Address

Telephone -ti olveiitectrome

Chesterfield Road.Matlock,Derbyshire DE4 5LE.Telephone: 0629 4995.Telex: 377482 Lowlec G.. . . . . . . . N M E N


BUYING THERIGHTMICROThe first decision is to pick the styleof graphics that you are satisfiedwith, The choice is between pixelgraphics. block graphics and high-resolution line drawing graphics.

Pixel graphics, as provided forexample b y the Tandy TRS-80,Video Genie and ZX81 a re thecrudest form of graphics available.although they can be quite effective.However, the resolution that cart beobtained is usually rather limited(128 x 58 on the TRS-80), and for thisreason l ines and curves usuallyhave a v i s i b l y -s t e p p e d "appearance while shapes have tobe represented b y rectangularapproximations.

With block graphics. which arepossessed b y the Pet, V IC andTexas TI99/4A, images are com-posed u s i n g cha racte r-s i zedgraphics symbols. Quite remark-able images can be designed givensufficient ingenuity.

With the Pet and VIC a fi xedrepertoire o f graphics symbolsmust b e used , b u t th e Texasmachine allows the user to designhis own graphics characters: for aparticular game o r application acarefully thought out set o f user-defined graphics can make the re-sultant programming very muchsimpler.

Systems using b lock graphicscan g i ve w h a t w e mi g h t c a l lpseudo-high-resolution graphicsbecause b y combining graphicscharacters perfect l ines can bedrawn, but only in certain direc-tions, and perfect curves can bedrawn, but not in the variety that isavailable with a genuine high-re-solution system.

This naturally leads us to consider high-resolution graphics,which has to be the ultimate tool foranyone geunuinely interested ingraphics. Most machines with high-resolution graphics provide a re-solution of at least 256 x 192 and, intheir Basics, drawing commandssuch as MOVE, fo r moving the

If graphics is one of your maincomputing interests, and it you areThinking of buying a micro, thendeciding which machine to get canbe a rather difficult and compli-cated matter. The expense in-volved means that, even if you canpersuade someone else to buy itfor you, it is Important to make theright decision. There are so manymicrocomputers available now thatit is almost essential to know whatyou want to use yours for, becauseonly it you have definite require-ments can you obtain the machinewhich fulfils them.

Many people want to playgames, but to have the benefit ofthe best graphic displays. Otherswant to program graphics them-selves: the intended uses typicallyInclude illustrating and enliveningthe user's own games programs,presenting information and explor-ing computer art. I would say thatfor anyone with a serious interestin graphics, the ideal choice liesbetween comparatively f e wmachines. Of course, the cost is afactor, but even when spendingr2 00 or less there is a degree ofchoice.

drawing position, and DRAW. fordrawing a line.

The highest resolutions availableon various machines include 640 x256 with BBC Model B, 320 x 192with the Atari 400, 256 .x. 172 withthe Sinclair Spectrum and 176 x 158on the VIC when a high-resolutiongraphics cartridge is added to thebasic machine.

After deciding on the type o fgraphics, the decision as to whether

you want colour or not needs to bemade, but since all well-designedgames using colour leave the i rmonochrome competitors way be-hind. this decision should not taketoo long.

The BBC micro, Atari, Spectrumand VIC are al l colour machines,although the number of colours thatcan be used at their highest resolu-tions tends to be limited because ofthe amount of memory that is used.A consideration when producingrealistic displays is whether colourscan be displayed in various intensi-ties because th is allows, fo r in-stance, shapes to be modelled inthe same way as a painter can mod-el an object in pure colours withoutusing sketching. The Atari provides16 levels of intensity for each colourand the Spectrum gives 2.

For those more interested in play-ing games the amount o f softwareavailable, and its quality. is an im-portant factor. There is a good dealavailable for the Atari. quite a lot forthe VIC and, a t present, relativelylittle fo r the BBC Micro and theSpectrum, pictured below.

An article discussing the choiceof a micro for graphics probablyought to end wi th a fi rm recom-mendation of some sort, and it doesseem to me that the Spectrum is avery interesting prospect.

The BBC micro needs no en-dorsement from me. The VIC is afine, proven machine, although i tsfuture seems a little clouded.

My choice at this stage would bethe Atari . The Atari 400 is goodvalue at its new price. The Atari 800is a m u c h m o r e professionalmachine but, in my view rather overpriced_

Z X Spectrum

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REVAMPEDREVIEWS

We have a new broom sweep-ing through the columns of ourReview pages in response tomany reader requests tor amarking system on which tojudge the games we review.

We have come up with threeareas which we hope will coverevery aspect of games soft-ware

Our review team can expectto have their noses kept to thegrindstone for the next fewmonths, marking up tapes inaccordance with our newpoints system.

Each game will receive rat-ings in three categories. Theseare defined a s "GettingStarted': problems loading thetape and a measure of howmuch help a cassette or diskgives, in making the gameeasily accessible to the buyer.

• Value" looks at the value-for-money question and takesInto account whether the gameutilises all the facilities of themachine, presentation andpackaging.

• Playabillty" refers to theenjoyment the game offers,whether it would hold the re-viewers' interest or whether itis a good example of the typeof game it is based on.

Each mart is made out of apossible 10 and we hope it willprovide an accurate guide.

We will also be looking at aparticular game for a particularmachine from time-to-time.say Pacman for the VIC-20. Wewill give a thorough rundownol every possible version andcompare these for a best buy.

Our hope is that the Reviewssection of the magazine will beof more use to purchasers.

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VIC ElQuantity ra th e r than qua lityseems to be the order of the dayat Beelines manufacturers of theVic 6 series o f games. The irlatest o ffe ring features Fru itMachine, Brickdown, Blockade,Roulette, Hangman, and Tarkus— only three o f which — Rou-lette, Hangman and Blockade —worked properly,

Fruit Machine was the biggestdisappointment for me — a keenbar room 10 pence pusher — asthe game loaded successfully,appeared on the screen, bu twould then not obey the instruc•tion to sta rt . Th is became afamiliar pattern as I progressedto Brickdown and then Tarkus.

Brickdovvn did actually start —it is a breakout type game —though the ba t cou ld no t bemade to move up and down, theoffending keys being the same aswith Fruit Machine "F" 5 and 7.

Blockade did run n o t that itmattered — as it is a graphicallypoor and deathly slow version ofSpace Invaders.

Beelines explain the problemwith key F7 as being due to a bugbuilt into the operating system ofthe VIC-20. They also point outthat the Fruit Machine game isnot written for the unexpendedVIC requiring a 3K cartridge.

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The saving grace of this tapewere two excellent games onside B — Roulette and Hangman.Hangman I particularly enjoyed— the graphics are good the littleman appearing arm-by-arm andleg-by-leg, so much better thanthe stick men of the pen andpaper version that we all used toplay at school.

The game also gives you arunning list a t the top of thescreen of the letters you havealready tried. If you are hung thegame commiserates and asksyou if you would like to try again.This is a simple yet absorbinggame and would be an ideal wayfor children to improve theirspelling and learn to use the

Roulette brings the excitementof the casino to your living roomThe game gives you E5,000 tostart, you choose you r lucky

This version of Scramble provesthat you don't need sophisticatedgraphics to produce an enjoy-able arcade game replica.

The missiles here are capital

• • 1 1 •

• • •

number and then press space tostart.

Unfortunately the game doesnot display a wheel but a digitalnumber display.

This does n o t de tract toomuch from the game though asthe numbers do start off last andthen s lo w down, sometimescausing you to celebrate tooearly when you think your num-ber is up with your last E100 onthe table, lust as in a real gameof Roulette.

Two good games did not reallycompensate for the frustration offour games that would not start,or would not work properly ifthey did.

VIC 6 is available from Bolton-based Beelines at E9_95 includingpostage and packing.• Getting started 2.• Value 2.• Playability 1.

WHO NEEDS GRAPHICS!SCRAMBLE

"A"s fired up in a looping flightfrom the hillsides and valleys.The alien planes are made up of"less than" signs arrowing theirway through the skies and thefuel tanks are grey smudges dot-ted along the landscape.

But for sheer compulsion it isgoing to be hard to beat th isgame. You play the part of aaircraft armed with bombs andguns, on a mission over enemyterritory.

The screen scrolls from left toright, forcing you forwards butallowing you to alter altitudeabove the crags and chasms ofthe landscape.

Fuel tanks and missiles can beblown up to score points, eitherby dropping to their level andfiring out ahead of you, or bysending looping bombs over thehills to drop down on them.

The missiles periodically take-off and it is advisable to try andOluslrations: Jr Claws

FTWARE SOFTWARE SOFTWARE SOFTWARE SOFTWA• • •

FIGHTINGTHE GOODFIGHT ONTHE ntill

. • • • •

destroy them before you have topass over them or retreat to thetop of the screen where they areless likely to surprise you.

But the greatest danger isposed by the enemy airbornefleet which descends from theheavens in groups of up to four,spitting fire and rising and fallingin flight as they search for you.

The tactics are pretty obviousbut the race to beat a friend'shigh score is thrilling. I t has allthe addictive ingredients of beinga game simple enough to makeyou believe you can always dobetter, so you never finish satis-fied with your performance.

Ouicksilva have already wonthemselves a good reputation forproducing good arcade replicaswithin the limitations of the 7X81,this cassette wi l l further thatreputation.

It costs E4.95 f rom South-ampton-based OS and runs on aZX81 with 16K Rampack.• Getting started 9.• Value 8.• Playability 8.

CONFLICTWar — its cost in hard cash aswell a s in the cost o f ships.planes, tanks and the incalcul•able cost of the lives lost — arethe principle ingredients of Con-flict — a n e w computer-cum-board game.

The aim of the game is to fightoff your opponent and conquerhis territory.

Each player is given a sum ofmoney which he can use to drilltor oil or speculate on the stockexchange in order to finance hiswar effort.

There are also a number o fneutral merchant vessels whosecargoes of gold, silver, copperand iron can be captured andadded to your fighting fund.

Once the armed forces of bothsides have been assembled thebattle can commence. I t i s aprotracted war of attritionwhich you must keep akeen eye on your oppo-nent's positions a n d

MN E ME M.

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E N N E E N I E

the relative balance of ammuni-tion and supplies

The computer keeps tally ofyour cash, stocks, shares andmissiles but it does not provide adisplay of the board.

I enjoy this strategy game as itmade me think, rather than let-ting th e computer d o a l l thework, a s so many other newcomputer games do.

Conflict is available from Mar-tech Games at E9,50 — whichincludes the cassette, board,counters, markers and 40 dispos-able maps. The game runs on aZX81 in 16K with versions for theVideo-Genie and Pet in the pipeline.• Getting started 9.• Value 7.• Playability 7.

BEWARE THEBOUNCINGDRAGON!BORG

You are trapped in a castle full ofdragons, on a mission to seek outand destroy the evil Grud.

Grud is a tyrant who rules theGrudonian countryside with aniron fist, He is a cunning adver-sary — marshalling his army ofdragons from we ll behind thebattle lines, staying out o f thefray until the very end when onlythe cleverest of opponents willhave survived 10 rooms full ofhazards to do battle in Grudgeon— Grud's Lair.

Grud's chief ally is Borg whohe will call up to the battle whenthe dragons seem to be losingthe fight.

you can hear Grud ca llingBorg although you cannot seehim. Th is is a most amusing

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aspect of the game — tone Grudcalls Borg as if he were callinghis pet poodle.

Unfortunately Borg is no petpoodle — but a fierce dragon —larger than the other dragonsand more deadly.

Borg bounces a cro ss th escreen killing anything he comesinto contact with. As you cannotshoot Borg — his appearance isthe signal to make a dash for thenext room.

The 10 rooms you must negoti-ate will test your senses to thefull. The Rohrschach Room is atest of your powers of observa-tion, Huevos Grande i s t h ekitchen — guess who is on themenu — the Bear Trap Room willtrap you as well as any bearswho happen to be in the vicinity.There is also the Trash Compac-tor Room — which I did not getto, but which is engagingly de-

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scribed in the instructions asbeing named in honour of Grud'sfavourite author G ru d g e r AllanPoe.

I found Borg an enjoyable,even compulsive, game though Iwas not sure — even as I press-ed the space bar for what musthave been a 100th time, whetherI was doing so out of real enjoy-ment, or out of sheer frustrationat being unable to gel furtherthan the second room.

You cannot imagine the frus-tration of hearing Grud shoutingfor Borg — but then not beingable to see him!

It is very difficult to manoeuvreyour little man as most of thetime he will only move forward indiagonals — but then suddenly.and for no apparent reason, hewill move forward or backwardshorizontally.

Borg is not really a keyboardgame and I think it would havebeen better if the instructionshad recommended a joystickmore definitely.

You will also require a colourscreen to become really adept atBorg as many of the hazards canonly be identified by colour.

Borg is a good game based onthe Berserk principle. It is pro-duced by Sirius Software andruns on disk for the Apple II,available from London basedSoftware House at E19.55.• Getting started 7.• Value 5.• Playability 8.

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SPECTRUM ZX81GAMES GALORE

AT THE FOURTH ZX MICROFAIRSATURDAY. 21s1 AUGUST. 1982

NEW HORTICULTURAL HALLGREYCOAT STREET. LONDON SW1

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The standard set of 28 dommoesare set out to form a 7x8 grid ofnumbers as shown. Can youreconstruct the dominoes (i.e. linkthe numbers together in pairs) sothat each one of the 28 appearsonce and once only. For examplethe double one domino canappear in either of two places —ABO or DMN. Note that thedouble-blank domino could

ACROSS1

A

Great M. S c EventCirculated lor !Meth-vision, Atari etc. (2,5. 6)

6 Satellite's at a hightemperature f o rvideo game (8)

8 Computer and VideoGames publ isher .Some of us saw themappear! (4)

10 Collection v e r bassigning value t oCOBOL index (3)

11 Par t of 1 0 a nunderwater col l ec-tion? (6)

13 Shill ing t i n(4)

15. Ancient Basic command (3)17. Pass on a random number generator (3)18. On which the Spectrums output is display-

ed underground (4)19 New game groove grooved! (3. 3)20 RAI R terminator on the radio (3)22 Nothing in the ROM kitchen for example (4)23 Video game sacked the Mona Lisa (8)24 I f I can't cope is confused Instructions tor a

programmer (13)

search

DOWN1. Adventure game • or a collection of bits

from a leading newspaper (9)2. Force party giver prominent in Haunted

House game (5)

F

appear in any of 10 positions.Winners of our July issue Brainwareproblems were: P. M. Hynes, 75Thorpes Avenue, Denby Dale, M .Huddersfield, Yorkshire and MrAlan Northcott, •Rushmoof, 464Reading Road, Winnersh, Woking-ham, Berkshire RG11 SET. Bottles ofchampagne are on thei r way toboth.

Two more bottles can be won forthe first people out of the hat withthis mo n th 's answers co r re c t.Answers to the August problemsare on page 12.

0

1 In which assorted lots of coins are placedIn the arcade game (4)

4. Paper boss — or it's educational counter-part (5, 2)

5. Abbreviated computing 'rpm timed prints(3)

7. Rainbow machine (8)9. Blue sale turnabout wherein to recharge

your rockets 14, 4112. Micro or part of an ATOM (3. 6)14. Duck in No Trump negation (3)16. Alsatian left as losing Gunfight player

might utter (7)20. A king I found on a junction supplies micros

and video games (5)21. Computer skirl 14;22. Small resolution found in space rocket (3)

ACTION GAME: A game to test thespeed of your reflexes Sp a ce Invad-ers for example.ALGORITHM: A process or set of rulesto carry out a task or solve a mathe-matical problem.ARRAY: A series of items arranged toform a meaningful pattern.BASIC: The most widespread compu-ter language which i s one o f theeasiest to learn and is used for pro-gramming all microcomputers.BUG: A slang term given to a mistakein a computer program which preventsit from working. I t can refer to amechanical, electrical, or electronicfault.BUS: The circuit over which data orpower is transmitted.BYTE: A term to measure a number ofBits (Binary digiTS), usually there areeight bits to a byte.COLOR: American spelling used to callcolour out of several U.S. computers,e.g. the Apple.CURSOR: A position indicator used bymost computers to show where thenext character should be entered.DROP TARGETS: Targets on a pintablewhich retract upon being hit by theball.GET: A Basic command which tells thecomputer to scan the keyboard andreturn with either a numeric or stringvalueGRAPHICS MODE: A mode in whichthe computer can produce graphicalcharacters and displays.HARDWARE: The general term givento all pieces of electronic and mecha-nical devices which make up a compu-ter system, i.e. the actual machines.INKEYS: A Basic command whichchecks the keyboard for input andplaces it in a string.INPUT: Data or information which isfed into the computer.INTEGER: A number which does notcontain a decimal point, i.e. a wholenumber.K: See kilobyte.KILOBYTE: A measurement of memorycapacity. 1K is equal to 1024 so 8K isequivalent to 8192 bytes.LE,D.: (Light Emitting Diode) Providesa simple display and consists o f anelectron tube which lights up whenelectricity is passed through it.

LOAD: Instruction which is used inconjunction with a cassette recorderto transfer programs from tape to thecomputer's memory.MATRIX: A rectangular array of num-bers subject to mathematical opera-tions.PERIPHERALS: Equipment which isused with a computer system, e.g.printers, disc drives, and VOUs.PRIORITY INTERRUPT CONTROLLER:Facilitates high-speed Interrupt pro-cessing.PROGRAMMABLE TIMER CONTROL-LER: A chip which counts time inde-pendently of the microprocessor.PLOT: To map or draw points on thescreen.RAM: (RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY)This is a memory chip which you canload programs and data to and from.RAMPACK: A cigarette-case sizedpack of extra RAM. which plugs ontothe back of a Sinclair ZX81.RUN: Basic command word tells thecomputer to perform the numberedsequence of actions referred to as aprogram.SOFTWARE: Another name for compu-ter programs.STARTREK: A popular computer gamebased on the TV series of the samename, in which the player takes com-mand of the Starship Enterprise androams the galaxy, destroying Klingonsand investigating solar systems.STATEMENT: An instruction in a com-puter program.STRATEGY GAME: A game in whichyou must carefully plan your movestaking into consideration the likelycounter moves of your opponent.STRING: Usually represented by asign on the computer keyboard, astring is a connected sequence o fcharacters or words, usually placedwithin PRINT statements.SYNTACTIC ERRORS: Typographicalmistakes in program lines. Informationput in the wrong order, informationwhich conflicts with other informationor program lines which refer to otherunentered linesUART — UNIVERSAL ASYCHRONOUSRECEIVER-TRANSMITTER: Device forinterfacing word parallel controllers ordata terminals to b i t serial com-munications networks.

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ZX 81 (16k)EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE

LEVEL FRENCH REVISION — 3 teach and test.itamrner programs plus 3 vocabulary programs0 " LEVEL M ATHS REVISION — 1 teach and test

program p lus 2 progra ms o l t ime d te sts usinggenerated questions from "0 " leve l syllabusJUNIOR M ATH S 1 — Long M ultiplica tion, lo n gDivision, Highe st Common Factor, Lowest Cornmon Mull,ple , Fractions 1 I, & - I . F r a c / i o n s 2 I X &

JUNIOR M ATH S 2 — Are a s. Perimeters, Simple, -l itat ions . Percentages, Sets. Venn Diagrams.

'JNIOR ENGLISH 1 — M e a ning. 1 , Meanings 2• I rts of Speech, Proverbs. Simile s. Anagrams,'JNIOR ENGLISH 2 — Idioms. Opposites 1, Oppo•'es 2, Group Terms, Odd Word Out Spe llings

ARITHMETIC FOR THE UNDER 8's — Add, Subtract.Multiply. Divide . Allows for the entry of unite firstEDUCATIONAL QUIZ — 4 programs on GeneraKnowledge, Reasoning, English a nd M a ths A l lquestions use RND function.(4.50 per cassette o r send SAE for ca te hnve to :POSE CASSETTES. 148 Wertey Lane So te,yr W e c t

••

VIC 20 SOFTWARElo PROGRAMS ON ONE CASSETTE E l SO Inc — A s tor ., ,Connect Four. M eths S imon, Breakout, Grand P h.,man, Bricastop, Blotch, PianoALSO S pace Invaders CA SO, Gornoku diem' fl SO, NoiseRace illatni E3 50 Boss IRaw0 E3 SO M a te elgaml 13 5 0 O RALL programs with Ram for C9.50•AND: GAMES CARTRIDGES Each tor 122.50 • S pice awed

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HSU ft VIDEO GENIE•• host of Software — Games & Utilities. Bas,c-- Machine Code — Something for everyone at-1 ,r1flated prices — Any six programmes only1 50. Send 12ip stamp lot lull lists.

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'.'..the quality of the colour display is excellent': Popular Computing Weekly."The graphics facilities are great fun': Personal Computer World"...the Spectrum is way ahead of its competitors' Your Computer

•l enctose a cheque/posta i o rde r payable to Sincla ir

100 125.00Research L id to r L

•Please charge to m y Access/Ba rclayca rcliTtustca rd1

account no Please prin t101 17500 I I I 1

27 59.95 Please de le te /comple te as app licab le

16 11 9 5 Mr/Mrs/Miss I I I [ I I I I I I I ' IAddress ' 1 1 1 1 1 1 ' I I

2829

2.954.95 I I

I, I

TOTAL E M I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 , 1 I I I I

"The world's bestpersonal computerfor under E500:"

Sinclair ZX Spectrum16K RAM E125, 48K RAM E175.This is the astonishing new ZX Spectrum- a powerful professional's computer ineverything but price!

There are two versions -16K or areally powerful 48K. Both have a full8 colours, sound generation, a full-sizemoving-key keyboard and high-resolutiongraphics. Plus established Sinclairfeatures such as 'one-touch' keywordentry, syntax check and report codes!Key features of the SinclairZX Spectrum

Full colour - 8 colours plus flashingand brightness-intensity control.

Sound - BEEP command withvariable pitch and duration.

Massive RAM -16K or 48K.Full-size moving-key keyboard - all

keys at normal typewriter pitch, withrepeat facility on each key.

High resolution- 256 dots horizontallyx 192 vertically, each individuallyaddressable for true high-resolutiongraphics.

ASCII character set - with upper- andlower-case characters.

High speed LOAD &SAVE -16K in 100seconds via cassette, with VERIFY andMERGE for programs and separatedata files.

The ZX Printer - available nowThe printer offers ZX Spectrum

owners the full ASCII character set -including lower-case characters andhigh-resolution graphics.

Printing speed is 50 characters persecond, with 32 characters per line and9 lines per vertical inch.ZX Microdrive - coming soon

Each Microdnve will hold up to 100Kbytes on a single interchangeablemicrofloppy - with a transfer rate of16K bytes per second. And you'll beable to connect up to 8 ZX Microdrivesto your ZX Spectrum - they're availablelater this year, for around E50,

rib; Sinclair Research, FREEPOST. Camberley, Surrey, 61J15 3BR.

Oly C o d e Item once Total Pie ase t ick it you requ ire a VAT rece ip t t 2

11111111

Sincla ir ZX Spect rum -16K RAM version

Sincla ir ZX Spect rum -48K RAH versionSincla ir ZX Prin te rPrinter paper(Pack of 5 ro ils)Postage and packingorders under £100orders over E 100

How to order your ZX SpectrumBY PHONE - Access, Barclaycard or

Trustcard holders can call 01-200 0200for personal attention 24 hours a day,every day.

BY FREEPOST - use the couponbelow. You can pay by cheque, postalorder, Access, Barclaycard or Trustcard

EITHER WAY - please allow up to 28days for delivery. And there's a 14-daymoney-back option, of course We wantyou to be satisfied beyond doubt a n dwe have no doubt that you will be.

SpectrumSinclair Research Ltd,Stanhope Road, Camberley, Surrey,GLY15 3PS. Tel: Camberley (0276) 685311.

ILREEPOST - no stamp needed Prices apply to UK only. Export prime Oft application_

Orde 7-1

ZX Spectrum20 Programs £6.95

Football Manager (a E7 95 Murgalroyds (a Eb 95Space Invaders Star Trek

Space Rescue (rt E8.95 3E10's & X's (a 95ZX-81 Chess iEt E610 Breakout E5 953121 Monster Maze fci E5.95 Space Intruders (a E5 95

The ZX Spectrum has brought advancedcomputing power into your home, TheCambridge Colour Collection, a book of20 programs, is all you need to make itcome alive.No experience required. Simply enter theprograms from the book or load them from tape(E2.95 extra) and run.Amazing effects . A l l programs a r e fullyanimated using hi-res graphics, colour and soundwherever possible.Entirely original. None of these programs hasever been published before.Proven Quality. The author already has 30,000satisfied purchasers of his book of ZX81 programs.

Hours of entertainment• Lunar Landing. Contro l the angle of descentand jet thrust to steer the lunar module to a safelanding on the moons surface.• Maze. F i n d your way out from the centre of ar a n d o m maz e .• Android N im. P la y the Spectrum a t theancient game of Nim using creatures from outer-space.• Biorhythms. P lo t t h e cycles o f y ourEmotional, Intellectual a n d Physical activi ty.Some would say this is not a game at all.

Improve your mind• Morse. A complete morse-code training kit.This program will take a complete beginner toR.A.E. proficiency.• Maths. Adjustable to various levels, th i sprogram is an invaluable aid to anyone trying toimprove their arithmetic.

Run your life more efficiently• Home Accounts. Keep ing track o f yourfinances w i th th i s easy-to-use program w i l lenable you to see at a glance where the moneygoes and plan your spending more effectively.• Telephone Address Pad. Instant access tomany pages of information.• Calendar. D isp lays a 3 month calendar pastor future, ideal fo r planning o r tracing pastevents.

ORDER FORM:Send Cheque or P.O. wit h order to:—Dept E., Richard Francis Altwasser, 22 Foxhollow, Bar Hill,Cambridge C83 SEPPlease send meI: Copies Cambridge Colour Collection Book only E6.95 each.

Copies Cambridge Colour Collection Book Et CassetteE9.90 each

Name:

Address:

SOFTWAREfor

VIC 20 Z X M B B CViC 20 SOFTWAREDemolit ion. Red Arrows. Targets. Hangman:Maze: Guess a Number.GREAT OFFER! PI CK A NY THREE GAMES FOR ONLY

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ALL PROGRAMS RUN ON THE BASIC VIC 20BBCMICROCOMPUTER OWNERS AN ADVENTURE GAME FORTHE 16K MACHINEDUNGEONS AND DRAGONS £7.25ZX81 GAMES FOR THE 1K MACHINESPECIAL OFFER! ANY 3 GAMES CAN BE SELECTED FORONLY E3.95 FLYI NG SAUCER, CHOPPER. THE BLOB,SPACE BOULDERS, THE RACE, COMPUTASKETCHALSO FOR THE ZX81 16K MACHINE

All prices include VAT & P-i-P.Rom & Cassette Sof tware available for Sharp MZI30A & K,Texas TI994. Video Genie. Acorn Atom, Atari 400 Send SAEfor free list.

BEC COMPUTERWORLDDept . 2.66 L I ME STREET,LIVERPOOL Li UN. Tel: 051 708 7100

Following the success of our Z X81 plinth we have int roduced aworks tat ion for the Spect rum. This stylish ABS plinth raises andt ilt s the TV for bet ter v iewing whils t angling the Spec t rum andmak ing typing easier. The PSU is hidden underneath, the printerand casset te may still be used, and a matching.stackabie unit for

rodnves will be available.Peter Furlong Products, Unit 5 . Sou th Coast Road Inctust rie i Esta te ,Peacettaven, Sussex BN 9 8 N A. Te l. 107914 ) 81637 .


SUPERMARKET

STAMMERCorrpLAtr moderated play by mailAs featured i n this issue. Rules onlyC1.00 Fr om : I .C.B.M., P.O. Box 94,Bath Street, Walsall, W. Midlands. Alsoavailable, brand new p.b.m. game. Uni-•,Prse II. E1.00 rules only.

"CONFLICT/ tTHE EXCITING N EW COMPUTER BOAR D GAM EFOP TWO PLAYERSinciuctes cassette lope (ZXEll 1 6 0 , full size boardpeces, instruCtion booklet for only E9 50 (alc. P&P'Who would YOU cha llenge 'Cheque or P.Ot o ;MARTECH GAM ES, 9 D illingburgh Rood. Ed•, tnourne. East Sussex ON170

THE ILK. GAMES LIBRARYFOR COMPUTER GAMES.TAPES DISCS A NDCARTRIDGES.

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VIC-20 SOFTWAREHousE OF HORROR. in the derelict house ere hidden untold, ,easures for Mete bold enough to eerier WO only one boo

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HAM:MCI: IREA GAMES PLAYER'S GUIDE TO THE SHARP MZ-8010Emon•

THE ALL-IN MICROThe ME-80K was launched in this countryin 1979 — the first Japanese microcompu-ter to be sold in the U.K.

The basic package is an "all-in-one"unit, with a screen,. tape deck, and com-puter console built into one unit. So you donot have a spaghetti junction o f leadsworming their way around the living room.The ME-80K has just one lead which plugs,nto a normal mains supply.

The ME-80K comes with a comprehen-sive instruction manual which teaches youBasic through a series o f examples andexercises.

Sharp Basic has to be loaded into themachine from cassette tape which is sup-plied with machine. Loading Basic requires181( of memory, leaving only 4K of memoryfor user programs i f you purchase thestandard 20K version. However, most of theME-80K's sold were the 48K version of themachine which have 32K o f memory foruser programs a f te r Basic h a s beenloaded.

The tape deck comes complete with atape counter which is useful fo r locatingprograms, and is reasonably fast capableof 1200 B.P.S.

The black and white screen is 10- w i d eand has 25 lines of 40 characters per line.The ME-80K also has a built-in loud-

speaker to make use o f the music andsound facilities which enhance the widerange o f games software that are avail-able.

Sharp UK sold out of the ME-80K in Aprilas consignments o f its new re-vampedmachine the ME-80A began to fill its ware-houses. The K is still available from mostSharp dealers although the price varies alot, having fallen sharply since the ME-80Ahas been announced.

EASY TO EXPANDThe ME-80K has a wide pange of equip-ment available which enables you to ex-pand the computer as your knowledge andrequirements grow.

The ME-80 PO, interface unit connectsthe central processor unit, the Z80 withinthe ME-80K, to other peripherals such asdual standard 5.1" floppy disks. The ME-80gives a real memory expansion b u t you'llneed to have the odd E600 handy at currentprices.

There are two printers available for theME-80K. The ME-0P3 is a tractor feedprinter — which stops the paper f romslipping, and can print all of the computer's226 characters at a speed of 96 charac-ters-per-second. The MZ-80P3 is currentlyselling at £395.

The Epsom MX-80FIT is also a tractorfeed printer but unlike the ME-80P3 it iscapable o f p rin t ing h i g h reso lu t ion

graphics. Sharp graphics chips convert thLEpsom MX.80 printer to give fu ll Sharpgraphics and a wide range of other leatures. The package is complete with itsown Basic tape to give the extra com-mands required to utilise the wide range ofextra functions.

High Resolution Graphics operate in [SCK and ESC L modes E S C K producing 480dots per line, and ESC I giving 960 dots perline. The Epsom is available from Sharpdealers at £350

The Quantum Hi-Res Graphics Systemworks off two static RAM chips and in-cludes four self-executing programs — allof which run in Sharp Basic.

These include a graphics editor to facili-tate the simple programming o f specialcharacters: HEX. PLOT, and JOIN enableyou to create your own graphics. I t alsohas a demonstration on high resolutionplotting, and an extension at plot routinesQuantum Hi-Res Graphics System is avail-able from most dealers at E115,

BASIC SHARPShdrp Bas ic is suppked wit h the Macriiii ion a cassette. You load it into the machineleave for about a minute and a half and dlr.machine will then tell you that it is read,for user programs. Sharp Basic is verysimilar to Microsoft — the standard lan-guage of most microcomputers.

For the more adventurous programmerthere is an advanced language called Forthwhich enables the user to impliment hisown ideas, with in the structure o f thelanguage. A new version of Forth has lustbeen introduced by Kuma Computers a t£34.95 including a 32 page instructionmanual. Sharpsoft and Knights TV andComputers also sell a Forth package.

There are two educational languagesavailable for the Sharp ME-80K Cesd 3 andPilot both o f which a re available f romSharp dealers

There are also a number o f businesslanguages available fo r the ME-80K butthese will require a hardware modificationto take CRiM software.

THE GAMESPEOPLE PLAY

Games playing on the MZ-80K hasbeen improved by the developmentof a joystick by Micmspec of Kil-syth. It costs E34.00 and includesan instruction cassette and threefree games. The joystick plugsstraight into the back of the MZ-80Kand does not require I A Board. Itruns on 6-9 volts requiring a powersupply unit which Is also availablefrom Microspec at E4.50.

A GAMES PLAYER'S GUIDE TO THE SHARP M1-80KSLEEK MACHINESharps new machine — the MZ-80A is a 48K "all-in-one.' c o m p u t e ron the same sleek lines as theMZ-80K.

It is housed in a rigid plasticmounting — unlike the K, which ishoused in a metal cabinet.

The new machine has beengiven an improved keyboard whichfacilitates touch typing — some-thing It is not easy to do on theMZ-80K. and has a slightly largerscreen — with a green characterdisplay.

Sharp Basic for the A is suppliedon cassette with the machine andis almost indentical to Basic for theK, which in turn is very close toMicrosoft. This similarity in Basicis a definite plus to the potentialMZ-BOA bu er as it means that all

the software that s now ava a efor the K can be very quickly con-verted by the software houses tosuit the A.

The MZ-80 is considerably moreexpensive than the K — in theshops at a price of E549 (inc VAT).The price difference is thought bySharp dealers to take the machineout of the home hobbyists marketInto the lower end of the businessmarket.

Expansion of the A is achievedsimilarly to the K. The basic Expan-sion unit costs 000 . Disk drives(inc. Interface) are available a tE400 for the single and E590 for thetwin. As with the K there are twoprinters available for the A Tr a c -tor feed at E349 and Friction/Trac-tor teed a t E409. The interlacecosts E30, Cable £23, and charac-ter generator E l l All the aboveprices are exclusive of VAT.

THE BIG THREESharp publish a regular MZ-BOK SoftwareCatalogue which includes a comprehen-sive list of all the games, business, andeducational software that is available forthe machine. The catalogue is availablefrom Sharp Electronics WO Sharp House,Thorp Road, Newton Heath, ManchesterM10 9BE

The big three games software manufac-turers fo r the MZ-80K are: Kuma Com-puters o f 11 Yo rk Road, Maidenhead,Berks. SL6 15Q; Sharpsott 8 6 90 PaulStreet, London EC2A 4NE; and Knights TVComputers, 108 Rosemount Place, Aber-deen.

Between them these companies canprovide just about every type of computergame and a few more — from Pacman toSpace Invaders there is a wide variety ofgames available for this machine. It has tobe said, however, that the MZ-80K wasdesigned with businessesather than gamesin mind. And you will need to purchase ajoystick to enjoy games like Pacman, andScramble to the lull.

Other companies supplying games software for the MZ-80K are: Microspec, 143Balmalloch Road, Kilsyth G65 9PH; ProroleLtd. 642 London Road, Westcliff-on-Sea,Essex; Highlight Software, 3 Nether Court,Halstead, Essex: Premier Publications, 12Kingscote Road, Addiscombe, Croydon.

WRITTEN WORDSThere is a growing library o f publishedmaterial available in English for the MZ-80K.

The Beginner's Guide to the Sharp MZ-80K by R. G. Meadows is published b ySharpsoft a t f3.95 and can be obtainedfrom their offices in London.

Peeking and Poking the MZ-80K by G. P.Ridley is available from most good bookshops at EU°.

Software Secrets by G. Beech is alsoavailable from good bookshops and Sharpdealers at f5.95.

Software Techniques by Trowsdale is anew tit le on the MZ-80K available frommost good bookshops and Sharp dealers at£5.95.

Sharpsolt also publish a series of UserNotes for the MZ-80K covering a wide areaof user interests. The notes are publishedthree times a year and the 1982 subscrip-tion is 0 .50 fo r the U.K.

SUPERMARKET

MICRO WARE: • M e lton

LEICESTERTel 0533 681812

Retailing rianthreare. software. books and periodicais tc,Sinclair Computers AN D NOW BBC MICRO ancl20 software and books AL SO, our own SPECTRUMSOFTWARE, Alie n Cetedsadd a v ia r y Invader* Ste.

E5 50. Shop or mail order.

HAVE Y O U S E E N M R MICRO'SCATALOGUE? I T C O N T A I N SOVER 5 0 PROGRAMS FOR THE -VIC 20. For your copy send a 9 x 4SAE to MR MICRO LTD, PO Box24, SWINTON MANCHESTER M273AL.

ATARI OWNERSWe stock the latest, m os t exci ting

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t i ]• ra- , ••• l • •YOU CAN NOW PLAY THIS EXCITINGARCADE GAME ON YOUR ZX81.* WRITTEN ENTIRELY IN M/C* SUPER FAST ACTION* ALL THE FEATURES OF THE ORIGINALONLY E4.95 INLCUDING VAT POSTAGE.CHEOUPP.O. TOP.S.S., 112 Oliver Street,Coventry, CV6 5FE

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MICHAEL ORWIN'S lia31 CASSETTESThe best software (b various authors) at low • rices

QUOTES-Michael Orwin's 15 Cassette Two is very

good value I t contains 10 stolid well designedgames which work, offer plenty of variety andchoice, and are fun."

from the ZX Software reviewin Your Computer, May '82 issue.

"I had your Invaders-React cassette . 1was delighted with this first cassette."

P. Rub ython. London MVO

have been intending t o write to you forsome days to say how much I enjoy the gameson 'Cassette One' which you supplied me withearlier this month." E . H. London 5W4

.1 previously bought your Cassette Oneand consider it to be good value tor money!"

Richard Ross-Langley,Managing Director,

Mine of Information Ltd

CASSETTE 1leleven lk programs)

machine code•React, Invaders. Phantom aliens, Maze of death.Planet lender, Bouncing letters. Bug spielBasic'Ching, Mastermind, Robots. Basic Hangman.PLUS Large screen versions of Invaders andMaze of Death, ready for when you get 16k.Cassette 1 costs E3.80

CASSETTE 2Ten games in Basic for 16k ZX81Cassette Two contains Revers'. Awari, LaserBases. Word Mastermind, Rectangles, Crash,Roulette, Pontoon, Penny Shoot and Gun Com-mand.Cassette 2 costs 16.

CASSETTE 38 programs for 16k ZX81STARSHIP TROJAN

Repair your Starship before

mdisaster strikes. Hazards in-

clude asphyxiation, radiation,escaped biological s pec i -mens and plunging into a Su-pernova,

STARTREK This version of the well known spaceadventure game features variable Klingon mobil-ity, and graphic photo torpedo tracking.PRINCESS OF KRAALAn adventure game.BATTLE Strategy game for 1 to 4 playersKALABRIASZ Worlds silliest card game, full ofpointless complicated rules.CUBE Rubik Cube simulator, with lots of func-tions including 'Backslap'.SECRET MESSAGES This message coding prog-ram is very txlp oexi if.MARTIAN CRICKET A simple but addictive game(totally unlike Earth cricket) in machine code.

fastspeed is variable, and its top speed is very

Cassette 3 costs ES.

CASSETTE 48 games for 16kZ X-SCRAMB LE Imachme code)

Ekb u m and shoot your way through me fortifiedcaves.GUNFIGHT I N V A D E R S(machine code) 7 r d • t i p code!

Cassette 4 costs ES

Recorded on quality cassettes, sent by first class post, from:Michael Orwin, 26 Brown low Rd., Willesden, London NW10 9QL (mail order only please)

•FUNGALOIDS (machine code)GALAXY INVADERS (machine code)Fleets of swooping and diving alien craft.SNAKEBITE imachine code)Eat the snake before it eats you Variable speed(very fast at top speed)LIFE (machine code)A Z.X81 version of the well known game.30 TIC-TAC-TOE (Basic)Played on a 4 x4 x 4 board, this is a game for thebrain. It is very hard to beat the computer at it7 of the 8 games are in machine code, becausethis is much faster than Basic. ISome of thesegames were previously available from J. Stead•marl

SPECTRUM SOFTWARE WANTED

PLAY FOR TODAYCOMMODORE VIC

• P C

dilit:Likiut•NikundOPnwranitilablehtnutRaik,4.1.,• l e m o n E‘tkonlorile A d is• StafirLifi l PETRASIC l • Volt sized Typewrilinkf•;1)( hartri 0 ( ;mph N Chanicti.r Set • Phovitil'crolzrorn Guiriciptes• L o o l' r i cis! Peripherals• Self Teat him: Ataieridls E 1 8 9 . 9 5

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E199.00

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fk its ity DisA Drives E 1 5 9 6 . 0 0• With NI Trot :I tinubh

Sotte0 Disk Dri ves E 1 7 4 1 . 0 0• With 80 Trmi 1.kutbit.

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VIDEO GENIE I• Mdc hmr Langudge• nnun fur• Sound ond lant er GLSP• Rentimber and C, P r o damo woo.

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ar iboo•000tw0000at000••••0000ttoottooatoolooesooaroottoommemboolDo•000toraa•00000000tt000

Cot i l lo i lv t Shack t i t i. / -4 . P i l l t.l i t t • S t i v i • I _ C l i v t i v i i tt o r i l . ( ;1 1 ) s 1 o t t • p h i i i i r . r1 1 2 4 2 1 5 H 41 4 i

Credit available thruueh major credit company.AV:PS% or Barr lac Card Accepted Aliillorder Enquiries Welcomed. P r i u t t s i nc l ude V A T

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M O W

N N W

C.P.S. GAMESAvailable for Atari and ZX81.

LORD OF THE RINGS 1This adwenture tak es y uu r ight thr ough the DIXA, the l i r s t par t i n u r e ar e add c ov enng theVOyage 'TOM the Shire to Rivenclea.

The rdpes c ontain graphics E S

DARWINEvolution a s a g a m e Y o u s ta r t a s a s,, n g e c e l l W h e n t h e e n v i r o n m e n ta l c o n c l e t io n s

Change y ou wi l l hav e to adapt. I t y ou do th is in the r ight way land the c ir cum M ances ar er ight' y ou get One s tep fur ther on the ev olution ladder Id e a l l y y ou ShOuid end up as m anOut E 7

EVOLUTION OF MANThe ev ofu ton a l the hum an ra0e war ted a long time ago T h e gam e begins s om ewher e inthe remote paSt when our ancestors were still roaming tre plains. E lLARAitN and THE Evo u rr io N OF M AN are based on scientitic facts and have adelinr te educ ational v alv e—THE GAMBLER'S PARADISEContains craps, chemin de le t roulette, zanzi La French Mee game!. heads and tails.• ti-iess my numbe, hOrSe rare and a lew more ES

THE GHOST OF RADUN1, 1,,e 04 nart ru,9eo castle or Radon. a large treasure is Wiled.

This adventure is definitely not for the weak-hearted and we strongly advise not to Play itober rbghttall especially not when you are alone in the house E 7

ADVENTURES FOR THE VERY YOUNG: THE PETER RABBIT SERIESThis new series ot adventures is mainly based on graphics, but tonows the traditionalpattern oil an a d,, a n t u r e g a m e .

PETER RABBIT AND THE MAGIC CARROTPeter Ra tib i l goes Cr a ques t tor th e m ag ic car rot. H e has to g o thr ough th e u g tOreh'meets nice tr ends i l e a 5 ' s in a dwar f g e ts h a p fr om old m an oak . e t c . . £ 3 5 0PETER RABBIT AND FATHER WILLOW 0 . 5 0PETER RABBIT AND THE NAUGHTY OWL E 3 . 5 0It r ow t r a,s ; _ i , r e s t h a-. • ,,e P et er R at in it Adve • i..ii es car be dangerously addrClive to grown

ups .

KING ARTHURBritain , me sixth century . T H E A N GLE S A N D S AX ONS are marauding through tn.Country Le a ving behind a tra il ot blood a n " , a st a t io n H o w good a re you a tCOrnmandmg tr oops , fi nding the enem y ar id pr ing : o battke, s i l ting infor m ation, s eeingthrough the fog ot war, deploying your troops and m a y MOM amulet ure a, E 7ATARI OWNERS!

Canine-ca. Software now avadeOte on Alan 400. Fonancoat Modothev Budget Sa leDav Boo', Purchase Day. 8004. Perry Cash Book.

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Sealant, E l i s i mp os s ib l e 1st list them here but included are holm Hop

trams MHI MAl l i e i la 1,, oginni-killenies. stage bolls lot pat. and obit rane st . be sacked! i t is a game re quiring at great de a l o l skull, a nd peoplepla i i t t ie r I tilms16 hours on end I vie ha t r pripol!1 ,VI l• 4 1 1 4 o N o ll C I : M a t th is is one oil the hest compute r games ko u.seetorr pissed!NI I I BF IA I b i s o w is e ttreme ll, a ddie lise I

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VIC 20 ColoubSound ComputerViC D e is Cassette DeckVIC 3 k RAM CartridgeVIC 6 K RAM CartridgeVIC 16K RAM CartridgeVIC Joystick ControlArton VIC Expansion UnitMachine Code Monitor CartridgeProgrammers Aid Cartridge'Avenger" ROM Games Cartridge"Super Slot" ROM Games Cartridge"Alie n" ROM Games Cartridge"Super Lander" ROM Games Cartridge"Road Race'' ROM Games Cartridgetettodechon to Basic WarrCarriage Ai Ins o n items marked •

All prices Sublect to Manufacturers Price Change.

437 Stoney Stanton Road,Coventry, CV6 SEAWeal MidlandsTel: 10203) 661162

Name:

Address:

Please charge my BercloycerdAccess No.

Or telephone order.

- [16995 mid. VAT •t'44 95 m a VAT

. 12995 Mel_ VAT- 144 .95 incl. VAT

0 4 95 incl. VAT17 50 inct VATC97 15 incl. VAT •134 96 Mei VAT£34.95 incl. VAT11995 incl. VAT1 1 99 5 i nc l . VAT

11995 incl. VATf 1995 incl. VAT

: C19 .95 incl. VATLlE14.96 incl. VAT

r3 45 incl. VAT

TOTAL

113EKS Y s T E r v l s

O I D D L I D E I L I D E = E I E I L E L

Signed:

CVG9 t9 2


• On Atari & VIC computer hardwareIf your order contains over E120 worth of computer hardware apply now for

interest free credit by telephoning: Mail-order: (0702) 552911London Shop: 01-748 0926 Southend Shop: (0702)554000 or write to P.O. Box 3,Rayleigh, Essex SS6 8LR

You pay 100/ 0 d o w n, t h en 1 0% per month for a further nine months. (to

nearest penny) Example: VIC20 Colour Computer. Cash Price E199.99.Credit terms: E19.99 down then E20 per month for nine months: Total E199.99.Credit quotations on request.

The VIC20 Colour Computert r a l : E W E L O M f E .

W E Ncould be yours this week for just

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Order as AF47B

VIC 20 ACCESSORIES:

C2 N C a s s e t t e Uni t 1A1-413C) E 4 4 95

VICES Printer: ( A F 4 9 0 ) E230 0080 characters per line. 30 characters persecond, !factor teed lull alphanumerics andgraphics. double size character


V I C2 0 Di sk O r l y* : ( A F 5 0 E £ 3 9 6 00i(ls storage on standard single-density,ngie-sided sott•seclored floppy disks.

A d d-o n RAM Car tr idges:

3K RAM 1051F) E 2 9 958K RAM (052G1 E 4 4 9516K RAM rAF53H) E 7 4 95"tamers Expansion Board:6 ports for plug-in cartridges

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Introduction to BASIC CassattaePei ' ( A C 5 7 M 1 E 1 4 95Part 2 ( A C 5 8 N ) E 1 4 95Joysticks andSingle JoystickPair 01 JoysticksLe StickPair of PaddlesProgramming Aid Cartr idgesSuper Expander. 3K RAM arid Hi-res graphics

IAC54J) E 3 4 95Programming Aid Additional commandsfunction Key programming eic

(AC55K) E34. 95MarninP fode Monitry ( AC5 6 L) E 3 4 95

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You are unfortunate enough to be drawn toA D V E N T U R E ' C ' an alien cruiser Can you each the control room

£8.00 a n d free yourself Of will they get you first?Includes a cassette save routine.

GALAXIANS E3.95All the features of the arcade game in a fast machine code program_

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A 30 ID 1 machine code tool and disassembler, allows access to registerand search through and modify memory. with cassette routine!,

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TWO GREAT ZX8116K CHESS G A MESZXCHESE (ElAieRNCEITO•Wri t t en totally in machine code.• Full graphic display of Chess board.• Six levels of play: Two play within competit ion t ime limits.•Opt ion to play Black or White.• Plays all legal moves including castling and en-passant.• Cassette routines for saving unfinished game and returning to

later.• Displays moves of game on screen or printer lot analysis.• Print a copy of the Chess board onto the printer• Board can be set up in any position, you can even swap sides

midgame.• Clear whole board with one command: for end game analysis.

£6.50Z 8 C H E S S W e believe the strongest ZX81 Chess game re,

no other has beaten it!!• All the features of ZXCHESS plus:• Book of 32 opening moves.• Seven levels of difficulty: FOUR play within competit ion t ime

limits,• A move is suggested by the Z.X81 if wanted.• Optional Full Graphic version using the OS CHAS Board.

E9.952 copies supplied on cassette with full instructions.Cheques and postal orders payable to:

1-1K1 ARTIC COMPUTING "Dept C.V."

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no dismantling or soldering• N o power pack, batteries. leads ce oMer exiles• Manual Volume Control on panel - ample volume from buirt-in

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ScrambleThe high-speed arcadegame. Easily the fastestavailable. 32 zones.thrust and altitude I t ifcontrols. v - *

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Um leadersIn ZX games

(rum .:Arc;i —6.1

iOther great ZX programs from Mikro-Gen:Space Invaders * Break out * Bomber * FrogPax man * Sorc erer's Cas t le * DeBug (Dts as s embleriMonutOrl

All 6 n C a S S e " ' W " l ' b re rY e " e O N L Y t 3 . 9 5 E A C H* t o • t a t t u ll c le t nos ot I t , M i t t o,- Ct t t n r o m p . c r, e c t r a l m i a n d • a d r, ,,

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1 1 1 11 0 1 11 1 1 1t m .

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SHARP MZ-80IC/NIZ-80A/MZ-80B, T1994ATRS 80, VIDEO GENIE, BBC, VIC20 (16K), ATARI,CASSETTE BUSINESS SOFTWARE by Dale HubbardAll programs cassette based All are menu operated and completely 'user friendly'. Each comple te withdemonstration file where appropriate and explanatory manual outlin ing the facilities a n d now tile program works

DATABAS EA complete electronic fi ling cabinet/card index system Use as you would a catalogue orkardex Operations include sort, search t ilt delete, total, line print, add record. changerecord etc. So many applications in business use. i C. employee data. suppliers filecustomer file telephone directory. price lists etc. etc Complete with demo file andbound manual 1 1 9 95

I NV E NTO RY CONTROL SYSTEMAil the necessary tiOr keeping a rigidly accurate stock contrOl Extensive facilities Includeautomatic Stock number allocation with user •allocated reference number if required,quick stock Summary, full stock summary. Stock cost price, stock sell price, minimumstock level reorder Quantity supplier supplier telephone no.. fi nancial reportingincluding overall gross profi t margin. cost of new purchaseS, total of stock at cost andsell etc. etc Complete with demo file and bound manual. E 1 9 . 0 5

MAI LI NG LI STThe ult imate mailing list program with facilities to store details on file and print or screeninformation selectively by user defined codes, In user defined format to Suit printer andpaper/labels. Ali the usual routines and more. Including sort search, delete add, changeetc etc Complete with demo file and bound manual. V I S A S

I NV O I CE S / S TATE ME NTSNOw you can produce crisp clean and accurate compiny involc lsand Statements withyour computer and printer. This one is very adaptable in terms of formatting and allowsYou to design your own form setup to suit you Naturally all calculations are automaticand all aspects of VAT are catered for as well as credit and settlement terms menagesand other user defined messages May also be used for credit notes. has inbuilt file forcustomers name and address details on cassette to Save laborious typing each time Amust tor your business. 1 1 1 9 5

SPECIAL OFFER all 5 for E79.95 inc. VAT & p&p.SPECIAL OFFER ki12-80A computer with all programs £500 f- VAT.

ACCO UNTSA gem of a program.following featuresDallyJourna ICredit SalesCash SalesCredit PurchasesPurchases- otherA fully Interactive program suitable for allbusinesses Files can be saved and loaded and totalsfrom one file carried forward to another oncassette Particularly useful from a cash fl ow pointof view with an immediate accessibility to totals fordebtors and creditors Bank totally Supported withentries for cheque numbers. credits and of courserunning balance. complete with demo hie andbound manual.

Access i We l c o m ePlease state machine type when ordering.Send cheque, registered cash PO or Access Number toGEMINI MARKETING LTD9, Solterton Rood,Exmouth,Devon EX8 2BRTel: (03952) 5832Phone us with your Access order forimmediate despatch!

all cassette based with me

Sales LedgerPurchaser LedgerBank AccountYear to pate Summary

•


O C T I N C L O O i O , S I C U N F I T I T I S :

•

•

VIC 20 16K 1X81SUBSPACE STRI KER c o n i e s IrOM out utnowhere and then vanishes back into the ether. Withyour deadly Antimat torpedoes, you unleash havoc inthe federation spacelanes.

ZOR T w o mighty robots are designed for onepurpose — to fi ght to the death. I n the style of amediaeval duel, you must do battle with the Chem-pion of Zor to save your planet.

ENCOUNTER W o u l d you know what to do if youencountered extra-terrestial beings. I n this excitinggame. you are abducted by aliens and the spaceinvaders play YOU!

STAROUEST A voyage of discovery and adven-ture in the cosmos. With the help of your onboardcomputer, you seek a habitable planet amidst theperils of deep space.

TRADER A trilogy of three full 16K programmesthat combine to give a fantastic 48K graphic adven•lure. As a galactic trader you seek your fortune anddeal with some very bizarre customers indeed.

Packed into 16k with lull screen animated graphics,Pixel software makes a delightful change. 16k gamesare £9.50 for VIC 20 arid E5.50 for Z.X81 Trader is0 8 , 5 0 for VIC 20 and E10.50 for ZX81 As k yourdealer today Or write to us direct for fast service.

PIXELPixe l Productions 39 Riple y C•dt is L o n d o n SWI 4 I IHF

KAYDE Electronic Systems LtdZX KEYBOARDS FULLY CASED

Oty Item hem priceE

TotalE

ZX Spectrum Cased keyboard s 31 95

ZX Spectrum 32K Rarnpacic 48 95

lX131 Cased Keyboard with repeat ke y 37.95

ZX91 64K Ramped( 7295

ZXEll 16K Rarnpack 29.95

7XI31 4 K Graphics Board 29.95

ZX81 F le x,b le R i b bo n C o nn e ct o r

1795

7X81 M other Board 1995

ZX111 In out port 3095

I ' M 1 6 K Graphic Software 5 95

ZX81 161( Software 595

Vic 20 Software 1.95

Name of Software • P&P

ZX81 WITH REPEAT KEY

L . U r r i •

, a gel,u s hould

H i a r d s ct.

rev iewed by Tim Hartnel

nrott . 3 1 keyboard us ing‘35 , i n d on t op qualit ya repeat key and

rt i t s o wn lux ury caseprofess ional keyboardconfused wit h to

iy availabh•E37.95

ZX Comput ingint erf ac e

0 . 0 C N W )

DIS1

64K16K

RAMPACKSMASSIVE ADD ON MEMORY

E72.95E29.95 • I

ready h

This is a . , , profess ional keyboard. takenf rom our 1 1 Famous and well p r, , n tkeyboaril , s h i,i,r i r e d e s i o rw d t o

merit your -..c SI,' M .ni. tY NOW U r n

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SEND FOR A FREE CATALOGUESTATING TYPE OF COMPUTERWHY WAI T TO PAY MORE V I S AFAST IMMEDIATE DELIVERY 1 1 1 = 1 1 1

Post To KAYDE ELECTRONIC SYST EMS LTL)Dept T H E CONG E. GREAT YARMOUTH

NORFOLK NR30 1PJTel: 0493 57867 (Dept. C.V.G ITelex: 957 247 CHATCOM G

Don't target you can always order on the telephone with you.credrt card D e a l e r s welcome

LEISURE CENTRES FOR BRAINSAnnouncing a new range of Electronic Entertainment from one of

today's most advanced computer companies.

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YOu set out to seturt the Secrets 01 theimonsored Professor Emanetadt

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intriguing adventure game L 1 9-9 5

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You say you have a sodden urge to CaadFoosittier Now you and up to three

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A divis)on of Zynar Ltd,122, High Street ,Uxbridge,Middlesex,UB8 I JI

All games require Apple) ( with 48K and one Apple dish driveGames marked* require games paddle.

dir'FAKERS

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