Miftah ul Qur`an part 4.cdr - Mufti AH Elias

Miftaah ul Qur`aan(Part - 4)

Translation Edited By:

Mufti Afzal Hoosen Elias

ZAM ZAMPUBLISHERS

(May Allaah Protect him)

By:Maulana Mahfuz ur Rahmaan Naami

Miftaah ul Qur`aan(Part - 4)

Miftaah ul Qur'aan Part 4

5

Contents

Necessary definitions

Types of Ism

Fi`l / Verbs

Huroof / Conjunctions

Murakkabaat

Sarf

Explanation of Seegha (forms)

Ism Mushtaq

Explanation of Abwaab

Root words for practice

Tasheel, Ta`leel and Idghaam

Definitions and notes

Laws of Tasheel

Laws of Ta`leel

Laws of Ta`leel Ajwaf

Laws of Ta`leel Naaqis

Laws of Idghaam

6

6,7,8

10

28

30

63

68

72

75

78

81

85

91

95

100

104

111

121

Miftaah ul Qur'aan Part 4

1

Difficult words of the Qur`aan

Specialties of the Abwaab

Specialties of

Specialties of

Specialties of

Specialties of

Specialties of

Specialties of

Specialties of

Specialties of

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

Scales of Mahmooz al Faa`, Mahmooz al `Ayn and

Mahmooz al Laam

6

6,7,8

10

28

30

63

68

72

75

78

81

85

91

95

100

104

111

121

Miftaah ul Qur'aan Part 4 Miftaah ul Qur'aan Part 4

6 7

O those who study the Qur'aan. May Allaah grant blessings inyour knowledge and your practice. The Qur'aan is in Arabic.Therefore, a few necessary definitions and laws of it will bementioned so that through it, a link with the Arabic language canbe created and the student can gain the ability to translate theQur'aan.

Mufrad: a word; that which gives a single meaning, e.g.Allaah.

Murakkab: that sentence which is made by joining two or morewords, e.g.Allaah is One .( )

Ism: that word which is not in need of another word to show itsmeaning and none of the three tenses are found in it, e.g. Praise( )

Fi'l: that word which is not in need of another word to show itsmeaning and it has one of the three tenses in it (past, present orfuture), e.g. created , grants sustenance , will make( ) ( )( )

Fi'l Mudaari': this tense shows both present and future.According to context, the translation of Mudaari' will be given,

Necessary definitions

Words are of three types: Ism , Fi`l , Harf

e.g. saying or will say ( )

Harf: that word which needs to be joined to another in order toshow its meaning, e.g. from , in , on .( ) ( ) ( )

Harkat: zabar, zer and pesh are all harkats (diacritical marks)

Sukoon: also called jazm and the letter upon which there is asukoon is called saakin.

Nasab or Fatha: also called zabar

Jar or Kasrah: also called zer

Raf' or Dhammah: also called pesh


6 7

Types of Ism

Ism Jaamid

Ismmasdar

There are three types of Ism: jamid, Masdar,Mushtaq

Ism Jaamid: that Ism which shows something or some being. Itis not derived from another word, nor are other words derivedfrom it.

Ism Masdar: that Ism which shows some work being done andother words are derived from it.

Ism Mushtaq: That Ism which shows a being or thing fromwhich a type of verb is linked and it is derived from anotherword.

Father

Ocean

Serpent

Dark well

Group

To help

To hit

To open

To hear

To be pious

Mustard seed

Smoke

Fox

Ginger

To honour

To turn

To accept

To fight

To be opposite each other

To stay away

To want help

To burst

To be black

To be green and lush

To be clean

To be heavy

To shake

To quiver

IsmMushtaq

Creator

Powerful

Splitter

Maker

One standing

Known

Protected

Elevated

Written

Carded

Place of drinking

Ism Faa`il:

Ism Maf `ool:

Ism Zarf:


6 7

Very pure

Very truthful

Bed

Place of Sajdah

East

West

Ring

Instrument of knowing

Key

Lamp

Stick

Merciful

King

Great

Impure

Forgiver

One who knows a lot

Very great

One who keeps steadfast

Ism Aala:

Ism Sifat:

Ism Mubaalagha

Very good

Most worthy

Oppressive

Very big

One who gives many glad tidings

Ism Tafdeel:


6 7

Other types of Ism

Waahid (singular): that which shows one being.

Tathniyah (dual): that which shows two. It is made by placing analif and noon at the end of waahid, like from to .( ) ( )

Jama' (plural): that which shows more than two, e.g. believers. There are two types of jama':( )

Jama' Mukassar: the scale of the waahid does not remain. Liketo( ) ( )

Jama' Saalim: the scale of waahid remains the same. Themasculine is made by placing waaw and noon at the end ofwaahid like to and for feminine by placing alifand taa at the end, like to .

( ) ( )( ) ( )

Masculine (mudhakkar) and feminine(mu`annath)

Allaah

Rabb

Owner

Recompense

Path

Angered

Unseen

Thunder

Lightning

Rain

Salaah

Veil

Trade

Darkness

Night

Masculine

Feminine

That ism in which there is no sign of mu'annath. Like,

That word which has a sign of mu'annath, i.e. there is at theend, like

( )


6 7

Fruit

Picture

Flea

Jannah

Tree

Very good

Giver of glad tidings

World

Aakhirat

Woman

Yellow

Anger

House

Life

Eyes

Ears

Alif maqsoora and alif mamdooda coming at the end of a word arealso signs of mu'annath, like,

Mu`annath Samaa`i

There is no sign of mu'annath but the Arabs use the word asmu'annath. Like,

Sun

Fire

Earth

Jahannam

Hand

Feet


6 7

Ma`rifah and Nakirah

Asmaa` Af `aal

Ma`rifah

Nakirah

That ism that shows something specific, likeAllaah, Muhammad,al Qur'aan

That ism which shows something unspecific. Like, book, angel.

Asmaa' Shartiyyah: they are 9 and are used to show a conditionand the result.

Some are used for the meaning of past tense verbs, like ,both meaning far.

Some are used for the meaning of Amr (command), like,giving respite, hold firm, take

( )( )

( )( ) ( )

Whoever

Whatever

Where

What thing

Wherever

Whenever

At whichever place

When

Asmaa' Kinaayah: they are two and are sometimes used forquestioning and sometimes for news (khabar).

In terms of tense and meaning, verbs are of few types.

that fi'l that is linked to the past, e.g. created,praised, was good.

that fi'l which is linked to the present tense, e.g.creates, praises, is being good.

that fi'l which is linked to the future tense, e.g.will create, will praise, will be good.

in terminology, refer to fi'l mudaari',it has the meanings of both present and future.

that fi'l which shows the command of an action, e.g.you help , you hit , you listen

that fi'l which prohibits something, e.g. you do not help, you do not hit , you do not hear .

that fi'l which is complete with a faa'il (doer), e.g.the Rasul came

that fi'l which is completed by both faa'il andmaf'ool, e.g. Allaah revealed the book.

that fi'l in which the link is to the faa'il, e.g.created

Fi'l Maadhi:

Fi'l Haal:

Fi'l Mustaqbil:

Fi'l Mudaari':

Fi'l Amr:

Fi'l Nahi:

Fi'l Laazim:

Muta'addi:

Fi'l Ma'roof:

( )( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

Fi`l / Verbs


6 7

Fi'l Majhool:

Fi'l Muthbat:

Fi'l Manfi:

Fi'l Muthbat Mu'akkad:

Fi'l Manfi Mu'akkad:

Seegha (form):

that fi'l in which the link is not to the faa'il, but tothe maf'ool, e.g. created, will be created.

in which the fi'l occurring is mentioned, all theverbs above are muthbat

in which the fi'l is negated, e.g. was not created

in which the happening of the fi'l isemphasized, e.g. will definitely enter

in which the fi'l is negated with emphasiswill never enter.

the special form of the fi'l from which it is knownwho the doer is. There are 14 forms used inArabic. Six for absent(ghaa'ib), six for present (haadir) and two for first person(mutakallim). The detail will be mentioned in the Sarf section.

( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

As known from the definition, a Harf is in need of another word toshow its meaning. When used with another word, then it willaffect the word (after it) or it will not affect the next word. In thisway, huroof are of two types;

those Huroof which affect the word after it.

those Huroof which do not affect theword after it.

HuroofAamila,

Huroof Ghayr Aamila,

It gives the noun after it a fatha, e.g. there is no doubtin it.

( )

Huroof / Conjunctions

Seven types of Huroof Aamila

Huroof Jaar

La Nafi Jins

With

Oath

Example

For

Oath

From

From

Besides

Most

Besides

From

Besides

In

From

On

Until

To


6 7

After it, two nouns come. One is called ism of ma which it gives adhamma and the second is called khabar, which it gives a fatha,e.g. Allaah is not negligent, there isno fear on them

( ) ( )

( )( )

( )

are Huroof Nida. They give the ism after it a dhammaon condition that it is not Mudaaf, e.g. O Rasul. Ifthe ism after it is Mudaaf, then it will give it a fatha, e.g.

o group of jinn.

They are six:

They come on fi'l mudaari' and gives fatha in place of dhamma

They are four:

After it, two nouns come. The first is called ism and it gets a fathaand the second is called khabar which gets dhamma, e.g.

indeedAllaah is the Forgiver.( )

Ma wa la in the meaning of Layaa

Huroof Nida

Huroof Mushabba ba fi`l

Huroof Naasiba

Indeed

Indeed

As though

That

Never

If only

Maybe

But

So that

then only

and drops the noon a'raabi from the end of mudaari', e.g.will never enter, you will never do.( ) ( )

They are five:

They come on Mudaari'. They give jazm in place of dhamma,they also cause the noon a'raabi and the vowel (harf illat) to falloff.

Huroof Jaazima

If

Not

Not until now

For command

For prohibition


6 7

There are 12 types of Huroof GhayrAamilah

Huroof Atf:

Huroof Istifhaam:

And

Then

Then

Until

Or

What

What

Or

Or

No

However

But

What

They are ten:

They are three:

These Huroof join two ism or two fi'l or two sentences.

They are all used for questioning.

when it comes on fi'l maadhi it gives the meaning of verilyand when it comes on mudaari' it gives the meaning ofsometimes.

sometimes it gives the meaning of never and sometimes ofdefinitely.

( )

( )

Huroof Takhsees:

Huroof Tanbeeh:

Laam Maftooh:

Huroof Tafseer:

Huroof Shart:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ), , , in the meaning of why not. They areused to encourage a person to do something.

( ) ( ) ( ), , beware. They are used to make someoneaware of something.

it comes for emphasis. definitely harsh, he willdefinitely help.

( ) ( )

They are two; translated as 'that is'. ,( ) ( )

They give the meaning of 'if '. ,

Noon TaakeedThaqeelah and Khafeefah:

They come at the end of Mudaari' andAmr for emphasis.

Tanween: a noon saaking that appears in the form of a harkat, itcomes for a few meanings. It generally gives the meaning ofnakirah (unspecified). E.g. a man came, it sometimescomes to show honour indeed a great Rasulcame to you.

( ) ( )

( )( )

( )

( )

Whatever

gives the meaning of until.


6 7

Murakabaat

Murakkab:

Murakkab Mufeed:

Jumla Ismiyyah:

Jumla Fi`liyyah:

Murakkab Ghayr Mufeed:

Those two words or more than two which are joined and made.Allaah is One

Murakkab has two types; Mufeed, Ghayr Mufeed

( )

When the speaker remains silent, then the listener comes to knowof some news or some want. Murakkab Mufeed is also calledJumla or Kalaam.

That Murakkab which begins with an ism, e.g.

That Murakkab which begins with a fi'l.

When the speaker remains silent, then the listener does not cometo know of something complete. The general types are;

In terms of wording, Murakkab Mufeed has two types;

Murakkab Idaafi

IsmiyyahFi'liyyah.

MurakkabTauseefiMurakkab IshaariMurakkab Binaa'iMurakkab Mana' Sarf

(1)

(1)(2)

(2)(3)(4)(5)

In terms of meaning, Murakkab Mufeed has two types;KhabariyyahInsha'iyyah

(1)(2)

Jumla Khabariyyah:

(1) Amr:

(2) Nahi:

(3) Istifhaam:

(4) Tamanni:

(5) Tarajji:

Jumla Insha`iyyah:

In which some news or event is explained. The speaker can besaid to be truthful or a liar.

for example, speak he truth

for example, do not walk haughtily on earth

for example, what is in your hand?

if only I could become dust

i could probably bring a coal from it

There is no information given, but there is a request, prohibition,question, du'aa' etc. the speaker cannot be said to be truthful orlying.

There are ten types of Jumla Insha'iyyah:


6 7

( )6 Nida:

( )7 Qasm:

( )8 Ta`ajjub:

( )9 Du`aa`:

( )10 Ard:

o Allaah

by Allaah

how much he listens to him

Allaah has indeed forgiven you

why was an angel not sent upon him

Remember well that the objective of Sarf in Arabic is to recite theforms of isms, fi'ls correctly and to create the ability of translatingcorrectly must be created. In order to achieve this objective, fourthings are explained;

Forms, fi'l and Mushtaq ism, abwaab, ta'leel and tasheel andidghaam.

The students should pay careful attention to this because if onedoes not know one of them well, then the objective of studyingSarf will be lost.

There are forms used in Arabic. Six for ghaa'ib (absent/thirdperson), for haadir (second person/present) and two formutakallim (first person/speaker). Understand from the detailbelow.

146

Sarf

Explanation of Seegha (forms)

Single masculine - he one man

Dual masculine - they two men

Plural masculine - they

Single feminine - she

Dual feminine - they

Plural feminine - they

Single masculine - you

Dual masculine - you


6 7

Plural masculine - you

Single feminine - you

Dual feminine - you

Plural feminine - you

Masculine/feminine single - i

Plural masculine/feminine - we

He worshipped

She worshipped

You (m) worshipped

You (f) worshipped

I worshipped

They worshipped

They (f) worshipped

You worshipped

You (f) worshipped

We worshipped

Scale of Fi`l Maadhi

Singular

Dual

They (m) worshipped

They (f) worshiped

You (m) worshipped

You (f) worshipped

We worshipped

Plural

Note: remember the sign well at the end of each form and learnthe meaning well.


6 7

That fi'l which has three original letters.

Thulaathi Mujarrad

( )

( )

He wrote

He gave sustenance

He disbelieved

He went

He left

He created

He prostrated

He worshipped

He presented

He lied

He praised

He had mercy

He knew

He gave witness

He practised

He accepted

He was foolish

He snatched

He heard

He profited

He became great

He understood

Increased

He saw

He was far

( )


6 7

That fi'l maadhi which has more than three letters.

Thulaathi Mazeed

( )

He believed

He was obedient

He bestowed

He revealed

He warned

He mentioned greatness

He gave glad tidings

He taught

He gave virtue

He verified

Flowed

Waited

Spoke

Cut

Thought

Waged jihad

Deceived

Multiplied

Promised each other

Mutually exercised patience

Asked each other

Argued

Was similar

Was far

Recognized each other

Stayed away

Made close

Presented an excuse

Was brightened

Attained light

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )


6 7

( )

Requested help

Sought forgiveness

Gave glad tidings

Deceived

Made quick

Tore

Flowed

Broke

Moved

Turned

Accepted advice

Attained proper cleanliness

Became heavy

Was of same shape

Rubaa`i Mujarrad and Mazeed

Became apparent

Went far

Stand on end

Became satisfied

Hated

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )


6 7

The law for making it is that the second last letter of MaadhiMa'roof is given kasra and all the mutaharrik letters will all begiven dhammah, e.g. worshipped , given sustenance ,taken , mentioned , gathered .

( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )

By placing the word 'maa' in front of Maadhi Muthbat, MaadhiManfi is made, e.g. was not profitable , we did notoppress , they did not kill.

( )( ) ( )

Note: remember the dhameer well in order to recognize theforms of maadhi and in order to translate properly. It is necessaryto consider it properly. By placing the table of maadhi, thedhameer or sign of every form will be recognized properly.

By placing the word qad on Maadhi, Maadhi Qareeb is made, e.g.he came to know.

By placing the word 'kaana' on Maadhi, Maadhi Ba'eed is made,e.g. he knows .

By placing the word kaana on Mudaari', Maadhi na Tamaam ismade, e.g. he would oppress.

By placing the word on Maadhi, Maadhi Ihtimaali is made,e.g. possibly he was grateful.

By placing the word on Maadhi, Maadhi Tamanna'i ismade, e.g. if only he accepted.

the word kaana will change according to the change ofform of the fi'l.

Examples follow hereunder;

Note:

( )

( )

( )

( )( )

( )( )

Maadhi Majhool

Maadhi Manfi

Maadhi Qareeb etc.


6 7

Fi'l Mudaari' shows the present and future tense. It stands in placeof both present and future.

Fi`l Mudaari`

Law of making it:

Detail of the law:

A sign of mudaari' is brought in front of the first form of Maadhiand at the end a dhammah is placed or a noon is added. This is inplace of dhammah and is called noon a'raabi.

There are 4 signs of Mudaari'; , , ,

is for forms, masculine absent and one feminine pluralabsent.

comes in forms, singular and dual feminine absent and forall the present (haadir) forms.

is for the singular first person form.

is for the plural first person form.

In forms, dhammah comes at the end, singular masculineabsent, singular feminine absent, singular masculine present, firstperson singular, plural first person.

In two forms, plural feminine absent and plural feminine presenta noon of plural comes.

In forms, noon a'raabi (which stands in place of dhammah) isplaced at the end, in the four dual forms, the noon a'raabi getskasrah, and in forms the noon a'raabi will get fatha (pluralmasculine absent, plural masculine present and singular feminine

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) 4 3

( ) 8 6

( )

( )

5

7

3

present).

He is worshipping or will worship

She is worshipping or will worship

You (m) are worshipping or will worship

You (f) are worshipping or will worship

I am worshipping or will worship

They (m) are worshipping or will worship

They (f) are worshipping or will worship



We (m) are worshipping or will worship

They (m) are worshipping or will worship

They (f) are worshipping or will worship



We (m) are worshipping or will worship

Scale of Fi`l Maadhi

Note: think properly about the sign of Mudaari' in the scale. Also,dhammah will come at the end of forms of Mudaari'. There isnoon of feminine plural in and in there are noon a'raabi.

52 7


6 7

The law of making it is that the sign of mudaari' must be givendhammah and all the mutaharrik letters after it will all be givenfatha and the laam (letter) will be left with dhammah. Examples,

Fi`l Mudaari` Majhool

They are being helped or will be helped

Will be accepted

Will be returned

You will be oppressed

They will be given respite

By placing of nafi in the beginning of Mudaari', it becomesMudaari' Manfi (negative). he is not worshipping or willnot worship

( )( )

When is placed on Mudaari' then in forms, in place ofdhammah, fatha comes and the noon a'raabi is dropped fromforms. By means of mudaari' exclusively gives the meaningof future tense. Also, the meaning of nafi and emphasis is alsofound, examples, he will never enter , will never tear

, i shall never move , we shall never havepatience , you will never do.

( ) 57

( )

( )( ) ( )

( )

Mudaari` negated by means of ( )

Mudaari` negated by means of ( )

Scale of Mudaari` Manfi by means of ( )

He will never worship

She will never worship

You (m) will never worship

You (f) will never worship

I shall never worship

They (m) will never worship

They (f) will never worship

You will never worship


We shall never worship

They (m) will never worship

They (f) will never worship

You (m) will never worship


We shall never worship

When comes on Mudaari', then it gives jazm/sukoon to fiveforms. If there is a or in place of the laam kalimah, thenit will be dropped off and the noon a'raabi will be dropped off. Themeaning will be made into Maadhi Manfi. Examples, he did notdo , he did not meet , you did not know ,you did not do , he did not taste .

( )( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )

Mudaari` Manfi by means of ( )


6 7

Scale Mudaari` Manfi by means of ( )

He did not worship

She did not worship

You did not worship

You (f) did not worship

I did not worship

They did not worship

They (f) did not worship

You did not worship

You did not worship

We did not worship



You did not worship

You did not worship

We did not worship

� The sign of Mudaari' sometimes has dhammah andsometimes fatha. The law for this is that if the Maadhi hasfour letters, then the sign of Mudaari' will get dhammah,e.g. from to , from to ,from to , from to . If theMaadhi has more or less than four letters, then the sign ofMudaari' will get fatha, e.g. from to , from

to .

Just like Maadhi, all three harakaat can come on the'ayn kalimah of Mudaari' Ma'roof (ayn kalimah refers tothe letter in place of ayn on the scale of .Examples, ,

The forms that are created in terms of the ayn kalimah ofMaadhi and Mudaari' are called Abwaab. The detail willbe mentioned later but it is appropriate to mention some ofthem here.

Five baabs are generally used when the verb has letters.

�

�

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )( ) ( )

( )( ) ( ) ( )

3

Miscellaneous notes on Fi`l Mudaari`

The five Baabs of Thulaathi Mujarrad

The ayn kalimah of Maadhi is Maftooh, and Madhmoom inMudaari'. The name of this baab is , e.g. .Giving sustenance. saying the truth,breaking, making Sajdah, looking,

making kufr, being grateful,turning away from the command.

The ayn kalimah is Maftooh in Maadhi and Maksoor in Mudaari'.The name of this baab is .

( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )

( )


6 7

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

, being the owner, returning,having power, making blood flow,dismounting, forgiving, understanding,

being patient.

In both (Maadhi and Mudaari') the ayn kalimah is Maftoooh. Thename of this baab is . Examples, deceiving,

intelligence being covered, making,cutting, changing, sending,slaughtering, lifting.

The ayn kalimah is Maksoor in Maadhi and Maftooh in Mudaari'.The name of this baab is , examples, havingmercy, snatching, being grieved,

accepting, promising, beingfearful, giving witness, knowing.

The ayn kalimah in Maadhi and Mudaari' is Madhmoom. Thename of this baab is . Examples,understanding, being pious, able, beingweak, being a lot, being great,being subtle.

The law of making Amr Haadir Ma'roof is that the sign ofMudaari' should be removed. If the letter thereafter is Mutaharrik,then the last letter will get jazm. If the last letter is Harf Illat

, or noon a'raabi, then it will be dropped off, e.g. fromto , from to .

If the first letter is saakin after dropping the sign of Mudaari' thena hamzah will be brought in the beginning. If the ayn kalimah isMaftooh or Maksoor, then the hamzah will be Maksoor. If the ayn

( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Fi`l Amr Haadir Ma`roof

kalimah is Madhmoom, then the hamzah will also beMadhmoom. If there is a Sahih letter at the end, it will be givensaakin. If there is harf illat or noon a'raabi, it will be dropped off.

You worship

You (dual) worship

You worship

You worship

You (dual) worship

You worship

Scale of Amr Haadir Ma`roof

Female

Examples:

Amr Majhool and Amr Ghaa`ib etc

You command , you come down , you make Sajdah, you make Sajdah (f) , you decide , you

take out , you advise , you make Tasbeeh ,you establish , you spend , you seek forgiveness

, you guide , you repent , you give .

( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Besides Amr Haadir Ma'roof, the method of making Majhool,Ghaa'ib is that a laam Maksoor should be brought in thebeginning of Mudaari'. This laam will give jazm at the end ofAmrand if there is harf illat or noon a'raabi, then it should be removed.Examples, decision should be made, it should( ) ( )


6 7

be completed, he should see, he should be madeto write, he should make tawaaf.

( ) ( )( )

By placing laa of Nahi on Mudaari', the fi'l of Nahi is made. Laa ofNahi gives jazm at the end of Mudaari'. If there is harf illat or noona'raabi, it will be dropped off. Examples, do not makekufr, do not lift the burden, do not go close,

do not hide, do not mix, do not put,do not make do not listen, do not eat,do not follow.

( )( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )( )

If the objective is to create emphasis in Fi'l Mustaqbil that ispositive, then a laam maftooh should be placed at the beginning ofFi'l Mudaari', together with noon takeed (emphasis), eithermushaddad or saakin. Noon mushaddad (thaqeelah) comes on all

forms and noon saakin (khafeefah) only comes on forms.Remember well that in forms, fatha will come before noonmushaddad in place of dhammah. In forms (plural masculineabsent and plural masculine present) there will be dhammahbefore the noon. In one form (singular feminine present) therewill be fatha before the noon. There is alif in forms. In the fourforms of dual, and in plural feminine absent and plural femininepresent there will be alif faasil. The noon mushaddad will beMaksoor in these 6 forms where there is alif before it and it will beMaftooh in the 8 forms where there is no alif before the noon.Examples, he will definitely know, you willdefinitely hear, you will definitely enter,i shall definitely kill, i shall definitely overpower,we will definitely take out, we will definitely take out.

14 85

2

6

( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

Nahi

Fi`l Mu`akkad

He will definitely worship

She will definitely worship

You will definitely worship

You will definitely worship

I shall definitely worship

They will definitely worship


You (m) will definitely worship

You (f) will definitely worship

We shall definitely worship


They (f) will definitely worship

You (m) will definitely worship

You (f) will definitely worship

We shall definitely worship

Scale of Fi`l Mustaqbil Mu`akkad


6 7

By placing a noon thaqeelah or khafeefa at the end of Amr,emphasis is created.

By placing noon of emphasis at the end of fi'l nahi, emphasis iscreated in the meaning of Nahi. Examples,

Fi`l Amr with noon of emphasis

Fi`l of Nahi with noon of emphasis

Scale:

You (m) should definitely worship

You (dual) should definitely worship

You (plural) should definitely worship

You (f) should definitely worship

You should definitely worship

You should definitely worship

Do not ever incite

Do not throw into fitnah

Do not ever enter

Do not ever trample

Do not ever think

He is a worshipper

They (dual) are worshippers

They are worshippers

She is a worshipper



Returner

Seer

One who is grateful

One who is leaving

One who is staying

There are ;

Ism Faa'il, Ism Maf'ool, Ism Zarf, Ism Aala, Ism Sifat, IsmMubaalagha, Ism Tafdeel.

That which shows the doer of the action. Thulaathi Mujarrad willcome on the scale of .

Ism Faa'il

7

( )

Ism Mustaq

Examples: the scale of for thulaathi mujarrad,( )

The Ism Faa'il of Thulaathi Mazeed and Rubaa'i is made from Fi'lMudaari' Ma'roof. The sign of Mudaari' should be removed and a


6 7

Meem madhmoom should be placed. The second last lettershould be given kasrah and the laam should be given tanween.Examples,

From to( ) ( )

Obedient

Teacher

One who wages jihad

One who recognizes

One who presents an excuse

One becoming black

One seeking forgiveness

One turning

One wrapping in a blanket

Worshipped

Worshipped (dual)

Worshipped

Worshipped (f)

Worshipped

Ism Maf'ool is that word which shows such a person upon whichthe action is taking place. Thulaathi mujarrad is made from thescale of ( )

Ism Maf `ool

Worshipped

Favoured

Praised

Purified

Beautified

Place of return

Place of dismounting

Place of slaughtering

Place of reaching

One place of worship

Two places of worship

Many places of worship

The method of making Thulaathi Mazeed and Rubaa'i is that thesign of Mudaari' should be removed and a meem madhmoomshould be placed and a tanween should be placed at the end.Example, from to( ) ( )

Ism Zarf shows the place or time wherein the action took place. Ifthe thulaathi mujarrad has a fatha or dhamma on the ayn, then itwill come on the scale of .( )

Ism Zarf

Scale:


6 7

It is that word which shows the tools with which/by means ofwhich the action was done. For thulaathi mujarrad it comes on thescale of , , . It sometimes comes on the scale of

, like instrument of making a seal, universe.Examples, key , lamp , spade , path ,staff .

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )

This has the same meaning of Ism Faa'il or a close meaning to IsmFaa'il. The scale of it is like . It has many scales, e.g.Beneficent , Merciful , Great , painful ,powerful , knowing , good

( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

That word which shows increase or exaggeration in the meaningof the faa'il. Example, great oppressor , very big ,very truthful , greatly forgiving , one Whoestablishes well , very pure .

( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )

It is that word which shows an increase in the doer, but in terms ofsomeone else. In Ism Mubaalagha the increase is in the personhimself, e.g. one who has abundant knowledge, andone who has abundant knowledge in comparison to another. Thescale is used for masculine and the scale is used forfeminine.

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

Ism Aala

Ism Sifat

Ism Mubaalagha

Ism Tafdeel

Examples of Masculine

Examples of Feminine

Very beautiful

Most worthy

One who decides in abundance

Very big

Very low

Very small

One who is grateful

One who gives glad tidings

One who worships in abundance

Two (m) who worship in abundance

Many (m) who worship in abundance

Many (m) who worship in abundance

One (f) who worships in abundance

Two (f) who worship in abundance

Many (f) who worship in abundance

Many (f) who worship in abundance

Scale:


6 7

It has been learnt that in terms of the Ayn Kalimah of Maadhi andMudaari (its harkat), there can be two forms. They are calledAbwaab. The Abwaab that are used in abundance are 20. Thestudent should study all of them and remember the sign and scaleof each of them. The baabs of Thulaathi Mujarrad have alreadybeen explained. They are mentioned again.

The five baabs of thulaathi mujarrad:

Explanation of Abwaab

Note: the translation of the forms here should be asked andquestions regarding the baab should also be given.

Qur`aanic sentences for practice

Indeed Allaah grants sustenance to whoever He wishes

Allaah and His Rasul spoke the truth

They broke the promise of Allaah

Whatever is in the skies and the earth prostrates to Allaah

Do not be of the disbelievers

He who is grateful is grateful for himself

Do they not see towards the camel

They are the sinners

He owns the ears and the eyes

So they will not return

None will have the ability upon it

Shed blood

Settle in Egypt

Allaah will never forgive them

Be patient upon what they say

And they do not deceive except themselves

In their stubbornness


6 7

We will make them inheritors

You travel the path

So Allaah will abrogate

He will definitely send upon them until the day of Qiyaamah -

Slaughter a cow

Do not raise your voices

So that mercy may be shown to you

It is possible that the lightning will snatch their eyesight -

There will be no fear upon them nor will they grieve -

Do not accept testimony from them

And we promised to Ibraaheem

He fears the Aakhirat

And the angels testify

And Allaah will definitely come to know of those who believe -

Know well that they are the corrupters but they do not know -

Indeed Allaah is subtle, All Aware

The seeker and the sought are weak

Say, 'it is great news'

He was obedient

He is obedient

To be obedient

A person who is obedient

He was obeyed

He is obeyed or will be obeyed

Obeyed

Be obedient

Do not obey

There are two types of Thulaathi Mazeed:

Thulaathi Mazeed without HamzahWasl has baabs.5

( ) ( )like , the sign is that in Maadhi and Amr it willhave Hamzah Qat'i

1. Thulaathi Mazeed without Hamzah Wasl

2. Thulaathi Mazeed with Hamzah Wasl

Abwaab of Thulaathi Mazeed

Majhool


6 7

( ) ( )like to make great, the sign is that the 'aynkalimah is mushaddad and there is no taa before the faa'.

( ) ( )like to accept, the sign is that the 'ayn Kalimah ismushaddad and there is taa before faa'.

( ) ( )like to fight, the sign is that after the faa Kalimahthere is alif and there is no taa before the faa'.

( ) ( )like to be blessed, the sign is that there is alif afterthe faa' and taa before faa'.

To give a bounty

To reveal

To warn

To reform

To spoil

To become dark

To drown

To be successful

Root words for practice

To go against

To give to drink

To complete

To destroy

To spend

To send

To feed

which I have favoured you with

which We have revealed

we have warned you

we are reformers

they are corrupters

became dark upon them

drown you

they will not be successful

will not break his promise

made to drink in their hearts

completed for you

destroyed their selves

spend in the path of Allaah

Sentences for practice


6 7

send the Bani Israa'eel with me

feed them

Purify you well

Mention His purity morning and evening

Teach men

We have given you virtue over the universe

Slaughter your sons

And We shaded upon them the clouds

They change the word of Allaah

They change the words

Explain the bounties of your Rabb

The punishment will not be decreased upon them

Whatever age they were given

You have verified the dream

We have given them small benefit

give glad tidings

mentioning purity

to purify

to mention the goodness

teach

to give virtue

to slaughter

to give shade

to change

to change

to explain

to make easy

to verify

to give life

to give benefit

We gave you glad tidings of the truth

We mention your purity

From ( )


To flow

To learn

To change

To be cut

To make mad

To think

From ( )


6 7

To wait

To sit openly

To speak

To wait

To slip

To take benefit

To gulp

To think

To burst

Do they not ponder over the Qur'aan

The skies will soon split

Rivers will flow from it

So they will learn from them

The earth will change

Causes will be cut off from them

Shaytaan will address them

They ponder in the creation of the skies

They should wait for three months

Sit openly in gatherings

He waited fearful in the city in the morning

Say, 'take benefit'

They will take sip by sip


To deceive

To promise

To fight

To punish

To live together

To live

To be far

To argue

To take account

To be far

To multiply

To make apparent

To strive

To adopt patience

To join

From ( )

Those who oppose Allaah and His Rasul

You have promised from the polytheists



6 7

They war against Allaah and His Rasul

So take revenge similar to what was executed upon you -

And live with them in the world with goodness -

And deal with them properly

Make between our journeys a far distance

Those who dispute with you

Take an easy reckoning

Indeed Allaah pushes away

The punishment will be multiplied for him

Those whose spouses make Zihaar

Strive in the path of Allaah

O you who believe, have patience, compete in patience and unite -

To increase/raise

To be similar

To call with bad titles

To mutually argue

To speak softly with each other

From ( )

To argue

To win or lose

To make mutual difficulty

To boast

To mutually take oaths

To recognize each other

To seek more

To have jealousy

To ask each other

To be far

To raise upon them

Bring the similar of it

Do not call with titles

Do not argue, then you will become cowardly

They speak softly

They will argue with the people of the fire

That is the day of win and loss

If they make it difficult for you


Indeed the life of the world is only play and amusement andbeauty and mutually boasting amongst yourselves and increasingin wealth and children -


6 7

Take oaths in the name of Allaah

About what do they ask

In order to recognize amongst themselves

( ) ( )like to stay away, the sign is that there is a taa'after the faa'.

( ) ( )like seeking help, the sign is that there is seenand taa' before the faa Kalimah

( ) ( )like to split, the sign is a noon before the faa'Kalimah.

( ) ( )4

like to become red, the sign is a repetition of thelaam Kalimah and there are letters after Hamzah in maadhi

( ) ( )like to become very black, the sign is a repetitionof the laam Kalimah and alif after the ayn Kalimah

There are 7 baabs of Thulaathi Mazeedwith Hamzah

( ) ( )like to seek proper purity. The sign is that the faa'and ayn Kalimah is mushaddad.

( ) ( )like to be heavy, the sign is that the faa' Kalimahis mushaddad and there is faa after alif.

Become bright

Being close

To present an excuse

To lift

To attain

To testify

To attain control

To listen attentively

To earn

To include

( )

The head has become bright with white hair

The hour has drawn close

They present excuses to you



6 7

The flood lifts the dirt

Look at us, we can acquire from your light

We attest to our sins

Grasp of the One Who is Powerful and Mighty

Listen well to him

And upon her is what she earned

Include upon it

Seeking forgiveness

Taking benefit

Giving glad tidings

To hurry

To make witness

To boast

To dislike

To change

To make deputy

To pull slowly

( )

Seek forgiveness from your Rabb

Some of us take benefit from others


Receive glad tidings upon your pledge

But it is what you were hurrying for

Seek the testimony of two witnesses

To have great pride

Maseeh will never dislike

What, do you seek to change that which is inferior -

He will definitely make you vicegerants in the earth -

Soon we shall pull them from where they do not know -

To flow

To burst forth

To turn

To walk

To rain heavily

To stand

To break

To pass

( )


6 7

Twelve springs burst forth from it

You turn upon your heels

Walk while they speak softly

We opened the doors of the sky to torrential rain -

When the worst of them stood up

It will not separate from it

The holy months have passed

When the sky will tear

Their faces will become white

Their faces will become black



To tear

To become white

To become black

To become yellow

To become green

To become very green

( ) ( ) To wear a cloak

To wear clothing

To stay far away

To beg

To advise

To tear

To beautify

To give charity

To take a bad omen

To make Tawaaf

To find

To be of the same shape

( ) ( )

So you will see it yellow

The earth will become green

On the day when faces will become white and faces will

become black

And besides them are two gardens

So which favour of your Rabb will you deny?

Both dark green

-


6 7

To reconcile

O you covered in a shawl, stand and then warn

O you covered in a blanket, stand at night

Or he will heed the advice then the advice will benefit him -

So that they may humble themselves

The earth took its adornment and beautified -

So then I shall verify and I can be of the pious -

We take an evil omen from you

And make Tawaaf of the ancient house

But you will find their knowledge

Their hearts are of similar shape

Sentences for practice( ) ( ) 4like to incite. The sign is that there are originalletters in Maadhi.

There are 3 baabs of Rubaa`i

To beautify

To become apparent

To shake

To make far

To turn

To whisper

To spread

To turn around

And when the graves will turned

Now the truth has become apparent

When the earth will be shaken

They are taken far from the fire

Their Rabb annihilated them

And by the night when it departs

Whispers in the chests of people

Practice words



6 7

( ) ( )4

like , this baab is not found in the Qur'aan. The signis original letters before it a taa'.

( ) ( ) 4like for the skin to shake, the sign is originalletters and a repeated laam.

To roll

To walk haughtily

To wear the burqa'

To become a zindeeq

To be at rest

To hate

To be mixed up

The skins of those who fear their Rabb shake -

Know well that in the remembrance of Allaah lies contentment

of the hearts

Practice words

Words for practice

Sentence for practice

Tasheel, Ta`leel and Idghaam

Definitions and notes

Saheeh: That fi'l which does not have hamzah as an originalletter, nor does it have harf 'illat and it also does not have twooriginal letters that are the same, e.g.

Mahmooz: that word which has a hamzah as an original letter,e.g.

Mu`tul:

( )( )

( )

where there is harf 'illat (alif, waaw or yaa) as anoriginal letter. If the harf 'illat is in place of the faa' it will be calledMithaal, e.g. . If it is in the place of the ayn, it is calledAjwaf,e.g. . And if it is in the place of laam it is called Naaqis, e.g.

Muda`af: 2( ) ( )

where of the original letters are the same, e.g.which was originally

Tasheel:( ) ( )

to change the hamzah in a mahmooz word, e.g.which was originally

Ta`leel: ( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

to change the harf 'illat in a mu'tal word, e.g. from, from , from

Idghaam:( ) ( )

where two letters are the same, to join them, e.g.from


6 7

Note 1: before learning every part of this section, understandwell that every law must be thought about and attention must begiven to every change.

Note 2: in whichever word there is a change, by means of signsthe correct form must be recognized and it should be brought onthe scale of the fi'l.

If the original letter is hamzah, harf illat or two same letters, thensee whether it has jazm, or fatha, kasrah or dhammah.

Consider the diacritical mark of the letters before and after it aswell. In summary, remember all three harakaat and begin thechange in accordance to the law.

Note 3: remember well, in order to remember and learn thewords that have been changed, the mind adopts two processes;from the changed word to the original and secondly, from theoriginal to the changed form. Therefore, consider the original andchanged words well.

Note 4 4: there are generally changes that take place inmahmooz and mu'tal words; making the hamzah or harf illatsaakin, whether the harkat is given to the letter before it or it isdropped off. To change the hamzah or harf illat into another letter.To drop off the hamzah or the harf illat. To drop off the harf illatand give the appropriate harkat to the letter before it.

Laws of Tasheel

Law 1:

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

if a hamzah is saakin and fatha comes before it, then itwill change to alif, if there is dhammah before it, it will change towaaw and if there is kasrah before it, it will change to yaa', e.g.

to . However, if there isanother hamzah before the hamzah saakin, then it will benecessary to change it according to the harkat before it, e.g.

which was .

Law 2:

( ) ( )

( )( )

before hamzah mutaharrik, if there is a saheeh saakinletter, then the harkat of the hamzah will be given to the letterbefore it and the hamzah will be dropped off for sake of ease, e.g.

which was . There is hamzah mutaharrik before itsaakin. The harkat of the hamzah is given to seen and the hamzahis dropped off. From this the Amr form is made , which ismade from .

Law3:

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

if two hamzah mutaharrik come together and the first orsecond is maksoor, then it is permissible to change the second oneto yaa. E.g. which was . If none of them are maksoor,then it will be necessary to change the second one to waaw, e.g.

which was .

Law4 ( )

( )( )

( ) ( )( )

( )

: if hamzah comes after the alif of and it was readas yaa before, then the hamzah will be changed to yaa maftoohand the second yaa will be changed to alif. E.g. was

. It was made according to this law. The complete researchof this word is that is the plural of which was

originally. Because of yaa coming after alif, it waschanged to hamzah . Now a second mutaharrik hamzah


6 7

joins in which the first is maksoor. Therefore the second one waschanged to yaa . Then hamzah was changed accordingto law into yaa. then the last yaa was changed to alif.

( )4 ( )

( )

Note ( )( )

( )

: from these words the Amr should havebeen but because of excessive use, it was made

against the law.

Scales of Mahmooz al Faa` , MahmoozalÀyn andMahmooz al Laam

Mahmooz alÀyn

Mahmooz Laam

They believe

Believe

Wherever you want

Will not be taken

Command

Ask

Ask (Amr)

You did not see

Take difficulty

Quràanic words to practice Mahmooz


6 7

Those who mock

Evil

Show

He saw

You gave

Does not tire

They became hopeless

You troubled

You imprison

Those who are absent

Accuse

Qiyaamat coming close

Adopt your beauty

Ask the Bani Israa'eel

Show us our rites

Did you not see what your Rabb did

I do not like the one that is absent

The thing coming close has come close

He saw from the side of Toor

The Rasul came to you

Believe in Allaah and the Rasul

Indeed Allaah commands you

They take up difficulty as you take up difficulty

You imprison a group

They believe in that which was revealed to you

No ransom will be taken from it

Qur`aanic sentences for practising Mahmooz


6 7

Laws of Ta`leel

Mithaal : Law1:( ) ( )

( ) ( )

if waaw comes between the sign of mudaari'and kasra, it will be dropped off, e.g. which was . Insome verbs, waaw comes between the sign of mudaari' and fathaand will also be dropped off, e.g. was .

Law 2:( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )( )

waaw saakin after it a kasrah will change to yaa, e.g.which was . Yaa saakin after it a dhammah will

change to waaw, e.g. which was . Alif after itdhammah will change to waaw and after it kasrah will change toyaa, e.g. the passive form is and thesingle form is .

Law3 ( )( ) ( ) ( )

( )

: the faa Kalimah of , if there is waaw or yaa there,then it will be changed to taa, like was andwas .

Scales of Mithaal

You will definitely find

They will never reach

Give

Leave

Qur`aanic sentences for practice Mithaal

Weigh

Scale

Appointed time

Firm promise

Inheritance

I advise

Will never decrease

Was complete

Was abstinent

When Allaah promises you

When he advised

Indeed I advise you

Will never reach you

Will never devalue your deeds

You will definitely find closest to them

Grant us from Your side mercy

Leave out apparent sins

Weigh with a straight scale

And when We took your promise

He revealed the book with truth and the scale -

Qur`aanic sentences for practice Mithaal


6 7

Indeed Allaah does not break His promise

And the moon when it is full

Yes, he who fulfills his promise

Laws of Ta`leel Ajwaf

Law1:

( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

If there is a waaw or yaa mutaharrik and there is a fathabefore it, then the waaw or yaa will be changed to alif, e.g.

was

If the letter after alif is saakin, the alif will be dropped off.

After dropping the alif, in maadhi, from the form of pluralfeminine absent till the end, the faa Kalimah will be givendhammah on condition that the alif that was dropped off was awaaw (changed) and there was a fatha or dhammah on the waaw.If a yaa or waaw Maksoor was made into alif, then the faaKalimah should be given kasrah, e.g. .was . The waaw was changed to alif because of the fathabefore it. After the alif, the laam is saakin. It was dropped off.Dhammah was given to the qaaf because the waaw after it hadfatha. was . Yaa was changed to alif because of thefatha before it. Alif was dropped off because of the sukoonthereafter. The seen was given kasrah because there was a yaaafter it. was , because waaw was maksoor, afterdropping the alif, the khaa was given kasra.

Law 2:

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )

If waaw or yaa is mutaharrik and the letter before it hassaakin, then the harkat of the waaw or yaa should be given to theletter before, e.g. was .

If there is fatha before waaw or yaa, then it will be changed to alif,e.g. was . The harkat of waaw was given to the letterbefore, then on account of fatha, the waaw was changed to alif.

If two saaking letters come together, then waaw, yaa or alif will bedropped off, e.g.


6 7

Law 3:

( ) ( )

( )

if there is waaw or yaa in the ayn Kalimah of MaadhiMajhool, then its harkat will be given to the letter before andwaaw will be changed to yaa, e.g. was . But fromplural feminine absent to the end, it will be dropped like MaadhiMa'roof. are ma'roof and majhool.

Law 4 ( )( ) ( )

: the waaw or yaa that comes after the alif of , itwill be changed to hamzah, e.g. was

Law 5:

( )( )

( )

after dropping a harf illat, the letter before it will begiven kasrah or dhammah. From this it is known that a yaa orwaaw was dropped, e.g. yaa was dropped from , on thescale of . Therefore the baa was given kasra so that it isknown that yaa was dropped. Now there was kasra before waawsaakin. Therefore waaw was changed to yaa, becoming .

Scales of Ajwaf waawi

Scales of Ajwaf yaa`i

Repented

Increase

Qur`aanic sentences for practice Ajwaf

Surrounded

Swayed

You wanted

You visited

I took protection

Became happy

Made bright

Encompassed

Obeyed

Helped

Doubted

They measured

We liked

Sought help

Accepted

Sought help

I seek protection

Die

Incline

Is straitened

Establish

You intend


6 7

Gives death

Acquaint

Do not backbite

Something that clears

Straight

Encompasses

Obey

Separate

He who repents and believes

Increase them in faith

Surround them, that which they used to mock -

Their hearts swayed

You visit the graveyard

I take protection with my Rabb

You are pleased with something from it

When He brightened that which is around him

Helped him upon the other nation

Their hearts doubted

Measure for people

Qur`aanic sentences for practice of Ajwaf

So he sought help, the one who was of his group -

Those who reply to Allaah and the Rasul

And I seek protection with You, Allaah, that he presents himself

They die while they are disbelievers

So they incline to you, a single inclination -

My chest is straitened

They establish salaah

They intend the life of the world

Then He will give you death then give you life -

Incline them to you

Some of you should not backbite others

A clear Rasul came to them

Indeed you are on the straight path

And Allaah encompasses them from behind

Obey Allaah and the Rasul

O sinners, separate this day


6 7

Laws of Ta`leel Naaqis

Law1:

( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )( )

a waaw or yaa mutaharrik before it a fatha will change toalif on condition, the waaw or yaa is not in the place of faaKalimah, so there will be no change in . it shouldnot be ayn lafeef like it should not be before alif ofdual like a maddah zaa'idah letter should not bebefore it like there should be no yaa mushaddadand noon takeed before it like it should nothave the meaning of colour or a fault like it shouldnot be like

If waaw comes after dhammah or yaa after kasrah then it will bemade saakin, like which was

If waaw comes after dhammah and then there is waaw or yaa afterkasrah and then it makes the yaa saakin and on account of twosaakin coming together, it will fall off, like whichwas .

If waaw comes after dhammah and then there is yaa or yaa afterkasrah and then waaw, then the harkat of the waaw or yaa will bemoved to the letter before and on account of two saakin comingtogether it will fall off.

(1)(2)

(3)(4)

(5)(6)

(7)

Scales of Naaqis Waawi :

Scales of Naaqis Yaa`i :

Rejected

Stopped

Was alone

Met them

Cried

They disobeyed

They walked

They forgave

They tested

They stopped

Tested

They chose, liked

They overstepped the limit

They asked for water

Sent command

Turned his face

You forget

Have hope

Give recompense

Cover

Run

Qur`aanic words for practice of Naaqis


6 7

Is not covered

Enter

We shall enter

Make bequest

Is not equal

Keep alive

Purify

Nurture

Stay far away

Makes neglectful

Forgive

Guide

Do not cause corruption

Do not throw

Fulfil

Do not overstep the limit

Do not be neglectful

People who have been guided

He rejected and was proud and was of the disbelievers -

Qur`aanic sentences to practice Naaqis

Stopped his carnal self from desires

When they go in solitude to their devils

When they meet those who believe

When their surrounding brightens, they walk in it -

The sky did not cry on him

That was because of their sin and they used to overstep the limit

Allaah will forgive you

Buy in lieu of it a cheap price

So if you stop, indeed Allaah is Forgiving, Merciful -

And remember when his Rabb tested Ibraaheem

Indeed Allaah has chosen the deen for you

And remember when the nation asked for water to drink from

Musa -

Mutual competition has destroyed you

Then his Rabb revealed to him what He revealed -

Turned walking away

And you forget yourselves

They hope for trade that will suffer no loss


6 7

And the night when it covers

He who comes to you running

Indeed nothing is hidden from Allaah

None will enter it but the wretched

Allaah makes a bequest to you regarding your children -

The people of the fire and the people of Jannah are not equal -

He leaves your daughters living

And he purifies you

Their sides remain away from their beds

Will not satiate their hunger

So overlook and forgive

Guide us to the straight path

Do not go about in the earth spreading corruption -

Do not throw your hands into destruction

Fulfil your promises

Do not overstep the limits in your religion

Your wealth and children should not distract you from the

remembrance of Allaah -

They are the guided

Laws of Idghaam

Law 1:

( ) ( )

( )( )

when two same letters come together and the letterbefore it is Saheeh Mutaharrik or a harf illat, then the first lettershould be made saakin and then idghaam into the second, like

which was

If the letter before it is Saheeh Saakin, then the harkat of the letterbefore will be moved and Idghaam will be made, likewhich was

Law2 ( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

: if there is in the place of faa Kalimah of ,then the taa of will be changed to , and Idghaam will bemade. In the case of and , it will be left without Idghaamand sometimes is changed to or and Idghaam isdone, like which was

Law3 ( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )( ) ( )

: if there is in place of faa Kalimah in ,then the taa of will be changed to and Idghaam willbe made. Sometimes is changed to and Idghaam ismade, like which was

Law 4 ( ) ( )( )

( )( )

( )

: if there is in place of ayn Kalimah inthen the taa of will be made Idghaam of to the similar oneand Hamzah wasl will be dropped. Like whichwas in mudaari'. In mudaari', a kasrah on the faa isalso permissible, i.e. in the Qur'aan.

Note: some forms stop Idghaam. So if you see that two sameletters come together and Idghaam did not take place, thenunderstand that some reason stopped Idghaam.


6 7

Scales of Mudaaàf

Make a friend

Deviated

Passed

Spread

Made less

Stopped

Stopped

Became dark

Deceived

Misappropriated

Made to slip

Prepared

Felt

Debated

Will be returned

They bit their teeth

He intended

Quràanic words to practice Idghaam

He keeps a friend

Deviates

They think

You are pleased

Hide

Will never touch

Named

Made permissible

Makes special

Tore

Gives honour

Gives disgrace

You run

Fall

Complete

Take out from the earth

Many of the people of the book hope

He who is deviated, deviates upon himself

Passes as though he did not call us

Bite upon your teeth in rage

Quràanic sentences for practice of Idghaam


6 7

And spread in it all animals

Stop you from Masjid al Haraam

A group intended

He is the one who stopped their hands from you -

When night covered

The life of the world has deceived you

And he who deceives, what he deceived about will be brought

on the day of Qiyaamah

And Shaytaan made them slip from it

Prepared for the disbelievers

When Isa sensed disbelief from them

Did you not see the one who debated Ibraaheem -

Will be returned to the severest punishment

Indeed Allaah does not like the oppressors

He deviates many thereby and guides many thereby -

They think that they will meet their Rabb

And the good word of your Rabb has been completed -

He knows what you make apparent and what you conceal -

The fire will never touch them except for a few days -

He makes special with His mercy whoever He wants -

Named for those other than Allaah

The catch of the sea has been made permissible for you -

He honours whoever He wants and disgraces whoever

He wants -

Indeed death which you run from

Completed my favour upon you

Indeed Shaytaan made them slip

Whatever comes forth from it


6 7

Difficult words of the Qur`aan

Although changes take place in words of the Qur'aan according tothe law, in some places, adjoined to the writing, or due to joining afew words, or because of a change based on a rare law, thebeginner is helpless of understanding the correct word.Therefore, it is appropriate that these Qur'aanic words withexplanation are written.

, so fear me. This was originally . The alif felloff because of joining faa. Waaw was changed to taa according tothe law of mithaal. Yaa was dropped, in accordance to the law ofnaaqis. The noon is that of wiqaayah and yaa mutakallim wasdropped because of excessive use.

so fear Me. It was originally

you levelled accusations against each other. From, it is the masculine plural form

do you seek forgiveness? It was originally ,the hazmah wasl fell off.

so that you may complete. The laam is not forAmr, butit is laam kay. After the laam is hidden and the noon a'raabifalls off.

and you should come. It was originally . It isAmr,feminine. The laam saakin is read because of the waaw joining.

he left him.Amr from . It was originally .

so that we may show kindness. It was originally.is a Naasib letter.

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

you women admonished me. on the scale of .

if you see. is a letter of shart. is singularfeminine with noon for emphasis.

did you not see. It was originally .

one who bears enmity. It was originally on thescale of

was not. It was originally . The noon fell offbecause of jazm.

find guidance. On the scale of , it was originally

they argue. It was originally .

and remembered. It was originally.

was originally

they claim, was originally

was originally. There is a masdar meem in thebeginning.

they did not have the ability was originally.

does not have ability. Was originally

burst. It is originally written as

call. Was originally . Yaa fell off because ofstopping.


6 7

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

( ) ( )

the original writing is , we shall definitely pull.

we want. Was originally . Yaa fell of because ofstopping.

you saw him. , other examples

did not get dhammah because is not naasibah, butit was made short from

pushed them down. Was originally . The secondseen changed from alif.

you became. Was originally . The first laam felloff. It is permissible to give the fatha and kasra.

you women should stay. It was originally . Theharkat of the first raa was given to qaaf and the hamzah wasl andraa was dropped.

Specialties of the Abwaab

You get both types of benefit from Abwaab; in terms of word andin meaning. The benefit in word is that through the Abwaab, allthe verbs and root words can be read properly. If the Abwaab arenot considered, then definitely there would be manymispronunciations.

The benefit in meaning is that every baab has a few specialmeanings. When a word is used on a baab, then besides the lexicalmeaning, the special meaning of the baab will also be found.

For example, there is ta'diyah in baab . When a laazim wordis placed on this baab, the meaning will become muta'addi, e.g.the meaning of is to exit and the meaning of is togo, but means to take out, and means to makesomeone go. These special meanings are referred to as thespecialties of theAbwaab.

For more benefit, the specialties that are used in abundance arementioned. We could not mention mostly Qur'aanic exampleshere, most of the examples are non Qur'aanic.

( )

( ) ( )( ) ( )

Specialties of ( )

Ta`diya ( )( )

: to make laazim into muta'addi, to come out,to take out

Tasyeer:make the root word attributed to the person.

Shiraak: ( )lace. I wore shoes with laces.

Wajdaan:( ) ( )

to find something characterized with the root word.miserliness, I found him characterized with


6 7

miserliness.

Salb ( )( )

: to remove something from the root word. tocomplain, I removed his complaint

Haynoonat: ( )the time of the root word to come thetime for harvesting came.

Ta`diyah ( ) ( ): revealed, I brought him down.

Tasyeer: ( ) ( )happy, I made him happy.

Salb ( ): I removed the husk from the wood.

Sayroorat ( ) ( ): bud the tree became of buds.

Mubaalagha: ( ) made apparent well

Buloogh ( ): reached the depths.

Nishatbima`khadh: ( )to be linked to the ma'khadh. Ilinked him to sin.

Takhleet ( ) ( ): to join the ma'khadh. gold, I decoratedit with gold.

IlbaasMa`khadh: ( )to make the root word wornI made the horse wear the saddle.

Tahweel:( )

to make something the root word or similar to the rootword I taught him Christianity.

Qasr: ( )( )

to make a sentence into a word for sake of brevity ,short form of .

Sayroorat: ( )be the root word, the city became empty.

Mubaalagha ( ): to show increase in the root word themorning became very bright.

Ta`reedh:( )

to bring the maf'ool in the place where the rootword should be brought I took to the place of sellinghorses.

I`taa Ma`khadh ( )( )

: to give the root word to somethingroasted meat I gave him roasted meat.

Buloogh: ( )to reach the root word, I reached Iraq.

Liyaaqat: ( )to be worthy of the root word the leaderwas worthy of admonition.

Mutaawa`at:( )

pointing to the fact that the maf'ool acceptseffect I gave him glad tidings, so he accepted them.

Ibtidaa`:( ) ( )

to give a new meaning that was found in mujarradhefeared Muwaafaqat of , i.e. to give

the same meaning as these baabs.

Specialties of ( )


6 7

Specialties of ( )

Sayroorat ( ): he became someone of wealth. Mushaarakat:( )

to be equal in the work of Faa'il and Maf'ool.Zayd andAmr fought.

Muwaafaqat of Mujarrad and ( ) ( )( )

:travelled, was far.

Ibtidaa: ( ) tolerated.

Tashaaruk ( ): Zayd andAmr swore each other.

Hijr: ( ) the mouse made a hole.

Takhyeer ( ): the faa'il makes action for itself. weighed formyself

Takhyeel:( )

to show someone the attainment of the root wordhe was apparently sick.

Mutaawaàt ( ) ( ): ( )in the meaning ofI moved him far so he went far.

Ibtidaa :` ( ) became blessed.

MutaawaàtFaàla: ( ) I cut it so it was cut.

Takalluf:( )

for a person to show the making of the root wordapparent he showed illness.

Taàmmul ( ) ( ): to make the root word work tent,zayd used the tent.

Ittikhaadh:( ) ( )

to make the root word or to take the root wordto make a door to take under the armpit.

Tadreej ( ): to do work slowly to learn slowly.

Tahawwal:( ) ( )

for something to be the root word or similar to theroot word became a Christian, he became likethe sea.

Lubs Ma`khadh ( ): to wear the root word zayd worea ring.

Ibtidaa :` ( ) zayd spoke.

Specialties of ( )

Specialties of ( )

Specialties of ( )


6 7

Tasarraf ( ):making effort to acquire the root word. madeeffort to earn.

Muwaafaqat ( ): ( )

LuzoomandMubaalagha (): ()

Colour and fault: ( ) ( )( )

became red, becamevery hard, became very green.

Mutaawa`atof ( ): ( ) I placed him into grief sohe was grieved.

Ibtidaa ( ): kissed the stone.

Talab ( ): to seek the root word. he sought food.

Luzoom: to be necessary.

Mutaawa`at ( ) ( ): I broke it so it broke

Wijdaan ( ): to characterize with the root word. Ithought him good.

Hisbaan ( ): to characterize with the root word. Ithought him to be good.

Tahawwal:( )

to be the root word or similar to the root word.the sand became stone.

Ittikhaadh ( ): he made the village his residence.

Qasr ( )( )

: to make a word to shorten a sentence for

Specialties of ( )

Specialties of ( )


6 7

Nahwa Part

Mabni and Mu`rab

It is the specialty of Arabic that at the end of each word you mustfind either a fatha, dhammah or kasra. Read the Qur'aan or anyArabic book and ponder over every word, you will not find anyword to be like Urdu or Persian that is free of fatha, dhammah orkasra. Therefore, in order to read the Arabic text correctly, it isnecessary to know which words will have dhammah at the end,which words will have kasra and which ones will get fatha andwhere a jazm will come. Then, which words are such that theirharkat remains the same and which words are there whose harkatchanges all the time.All this is learnt in the science of Nahwa. Thelaws of Nahwa will be mentioned in detail in the fifth part and afew important aspects were mentioned in the beginning of thispart, before the Sarf section. A few principles of Nahwa arementioned here. They should be remembered in order to read thecorrect harkat at the end of each word.

AllArabic words are of two types in terms of the harkat at theend.

- that word whose harkat is perpetual, it does not acceptthe effect of any word (Aamil)

- that word whose harkat is not established, but itchanges according to theAamil that comes before it.

Thereare typesofMabni:

Mabni

Mu'rab

5

All huroof (conjunctions)Ism Ghayr MutamakkinFi'l MaadhiAmr present active

1.2.3.4.

Fi'l Mudaari' with noon of plural feminine or noon ofemphasis.

5.

All huroof, whether they are Aamil or not, the detail is mentionedin the beginning of this book.

The Dhameers, which are :5

The following Dhameers are hidden in the six forms ofabsent:

There are types of Ism Ghayr Mutamakkin:8

Dhameer Faaìl Muttasil:

Dhameer Faaìl Munfasil:

Dhameer Maf òol Muttasil:

Dhameer Maf òol Munfasil:


6 7

Dhameer Majroor:Dhameer Majroor:

There are forms that give meanings. This is because the pluralfor masculine and feminine give the same meaning.

5 6

He , that , that in are Mu'rab because they are alwaysMudaaf and Idaafat negates being Mabni.

After Ism Mausool there is a sentence which is called Silah. TheIsm before Mausool is Mausoof and Ism mausool together with

( ) ( ) ( )

Sometimes is brought in the beginning of Ism Ishaara, like. Sometimes in the end is brought, like and

sometimes laam is added before , like . is used toindicate near and for far. and are used to indicatea place only.

In the construction of a sentence, Ism Ishaara is Mausoof andMushaarun Ilayh is Sifat, e.g. sometimes Ism ishaarais Mubtada and then khabar comes, e.g.

( )( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )

( )( )

Ism Ishaara:

Ism Mausool:

Masculine -

Masculine -

Feminine -

Feminine -

the silah will be sifat, e.g. your Rabb Whocreated you.

( )

From to , the first part of isMu'rab.

( ) ( ) ( )

The condition of being Mabni is that it should be Mudaafand the Mudaaf Ilayh should not be in words, but hidden andtaken as meant.

( )

Asmaa` Af `aal:

Asmaa` Aswaat:

Asmaa` Kinaayaat:

Murakkab Binaa`i

Asmaa` Zuroof

Zarf Zamaan

Zarf Makaan


6 7

Fi`l Maadhi

Fi`l Amr present Active

Types of Mu`rab

The I`raab of Asmaa` Mutamakkin

Fi'l Mudaari', together with noon of plural feminine or noon ofemphasis.

There are 3 forms of I`raab by Harkat

First form:

Second form:

Third form:

Raf ` -

Nasab -

Jar -

In the condition of raf', it will get dhammah, in the condition ofnasab, it will get fatha and kasra in the condition of jar. This isI'raab of three types of Ism; mufrad, munsarif and saheeh, e.g.

mufrad, munsarif and qaa'im maqaam saheeh, e.g.jam' mukassar munsarif, e.g.( ) ( )

( )

Dhammah in the condition of raf', kasra in the condition of nasaband jar. This I'raab is only that of jam' mu'annath saalim, e.g. (

)

Dhammah in the condition of raf', fatha in the condition of nasaband jar. This I'raab is only for ghayr munsarif, e.g. (

)

The fi'l mudaari' that does not have the noon of feminine pluraland noon of emphasis. Asmaa' Mutamakkin (those Asmaa'besides Ism Ghayr Mutamakkin). There will be dhammah on fi'lmudaari', the forms that will get dhammah or sukoon have beenmentioned in the sarf part. Therefore, it is only said regarding IsmMutamakkin which forms will get harkat.

All three harkats, fatha, dhammah and kasra will come on IsmMu'rab. Therefore it has three types:

Marfoo' (having a dhammah), Mansoob (having a fatha), Majroor(having a kasra)

I'raab with harkat is fatha, dhammah and kasra

I'raab with letter is alif, waaw and yaa’

There is also hidden I'raab


6 7

There are 3 forms of I`raab by Harf

First form:

Second form:

Third form:

Asmaa` sittah Mukabbarah:

Examples: ( )

Alif in the condition of raf', alif in the condition of nasab and yaain the condition of jar. This is the I'raab of the nouns mentionedhereunder when they are mudaaf to any ism besides yaamutakallim.

There are 3 forms of I`raabtaqdeeri (hidden)

First form:

Second form:

Third form:

in raf', nasab and jar, the I'raab will be hidden. This is the I'raabof a word mudaaf to yaa mutakallim and ism maqsoor, e.g.(

)

In raf' and jar, it is hidden and in nasab it is apparent. This is theI'raab of ism naaqis, e.g. ( )

In raf' the I'raab will be a hidden waaw and in nasab and jar it willbe yaa before it maksoor in words, e.g. (

)

alif in the condition of raf', yaa before it maftooh in the conditionof jar and nasab. This is the I'raab of dual and and

. Examples,( )

( )

Waaw in the condition of raf', yaa before it maksoor in thecondition of nasab and jar. This is the I'raab of jam' mudhakkarsaalim and and from to , e.g.( ) ( ) ( ) (

)


6 7

Marfoo`aat

Mansoobaat

Majrooraat

Tawaabi` are 5

The method of reading the text correctlyand construction of sentences

They number . These nouns will always have dhammah.

Mubtada, khabar, faa'il, naa'ib faa'il, the khabar of huroofmushabba ba fi'l, the khabar of la naïf jins, the ism of af'aalnaaqisa, the ism of ma and la that are similar to laysa.

8

They number and will always get fatha.

Maf'ool mutlaq, maf'ool bihi, maf'ool fihi, maf'ool lahu, maf'oolma'ahu, haal, tameez, the ism of huroof mushabba ba fi'l, the ismof la naïf jins, the khabar of af'aal naaqisa, the khabar of ma and lathat are similar to laysa, munaada mudaaf, mustathna.

13

Those isms which will get kasra, they are; those isms that have ajar letter before it, mudaaf ilayh.

Those isms that get a harkat because of following another ism.They are . Sifat, Taakeed, Badal, Ma'toof,Atf Bayaan.5

In the Arabic books, there is no fatha, dhammah or kasra written.Therefore, the person reading has to place the I'raab properly. Inorder to read the text correctly it is necessary that all the laws ofnahwa are considered and the I'raab of each word is placedaccordingly. When studying and when reading, consider the

following well.

By means of signs, recognize every word, whether it isism, fi'l or harf.

If it is a ism or fi'l, then recognize whether it is mabni ormu'rab.

If it is mu'rab, then see how will the I'raab come on it, i.e.will the I'raab be with letters or with harkat or will theI'raab be hidden.

Then understand if it is marfoo' or mansoob or majroor. Inorder to do this, the marfoo'aat, mansoobaat, majrooraatand tawaabi' must be considered and see what action doesthe aamil do.

In summary, recognize the aamil and ma'mool well andplace the correct I'raab with proper understanding.

A jumla ismiyyah is made up of mubtada and khabar.Therefore, recognize the mubtada and khabar in it. Themubtada and khabar are sometimes a single word,sometimes a sentence (murakkab idaafi or murakkabtauseefi or murakkab ishaari). Sometimes, huroofmushabba ba fi'l will come onto a jumla ismiyaa or af'aalnaaqisah will come, so consider them when makingconstruction. In jumla fi'liyya, after thev fi'l, there will befaa'il or naa'ib faa'il and maf'ool. Understand each one ofthem and make tarkeeb (construction/analysis).

Think properly where each word is in the sentence orwhether something has been brought forward or takenback.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.


6 7

8. Think properly that if the aamil is hidden, then definitelythere will be some amal on the ma'mool.

Jumla Ismiyyah (Mubtada and Khabar)If the first part of a sentence is an ism, then the sentence willbe called jumla ismiyyah. The first part of jumla ismiyyah iscalled musnad ilayh or mubtada and the second part is calledmusnad or khabar. Mubtada and khabar are both part of themarfoo'aat. The following are forms of mubtada;

Mubtada is a single word, e.g. Allaah is One

Mubtada is murakkab idaafi, e.g. the rewardofAllaah is better.

Mubtada is murakkab tauseefi, e.g.definitely a believer is better than a polytheist

A mausool joined to its silah can be mubtada, e.g.he who does a good deed, he will

benefit.

A jumla ismiyyah mufrad in interpretation becomesmubtada, e.g. your fasting is better foryou.

Mubtada is generally ma'rifah

A nakirah is sometimes made mubtada for a specialreason

Mubtada comes before khabar but sometimes because ofsome need or benefit, it will come after the khabar, e.g.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

The khabar come in the following forms

Dhameers are Mubtada

The khabar can be a single ism, e.g.

The khabar can be murakkab idaafi, e.g.Allaah created everything.

The khabar can be murakkab tauseefi, e.g.it is the great Qur'aan.

The khabar can be a jumla ismiyyah or fi'liyyah.

The jar and join to the majroor and be khabar but it isnecessary that the jar is linked to an appropriate ism, e.g.

all praise is due toAllaah.

The khabar of one mubtada can be many, e.g.

1. ( )

( )

( )

( )

()

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Incident

Impurity

More/Close

Stipulate time

Snake

Thousands

Trial

More worthy

It is better

It is evil

It is the truth

He is a disbeliever

He is standing


6 7

It is a story

It is filth

It is low

It is guidance

These are the appointed times

It is a snake

They are successful

They have conviction

They are foolish

They are thousands

They recite

They do good

You are our patron

You said

You are the judge

You did

I am good

I am a human

I am Allaah

I chose

We are a trial

We are wealthy

We are more worthy

You see

You lie

You kill

You are elevated

You know

We are reformers

You are Mighty, Wise

I am repentant, forgiving

We are mocking

The Ism Ishaara is Mubtada

Advice

Cloud

Camel

Two magicians

Hopes

Laws

Ten

This is advice

This is a cloud

This is an explanation

This is a thing

This is a day

That is a nation


6 7

This is a camel

These two are magicians

That is better

They are the close ones

These are the limits of Allaah

Those are their hopes

Those are the companions of the fire

They are successful

That is ten complete

Mubtada with Idaafi Tarkeeb

Our father

The record of the

evil doers

Register

Its mixture

Tasneem, a spring

in Jannah

Every person

Punctual

Farm

Their husbands

Permissible

Their greeting

Their clothing

Melted copper

Our father is an old man

And the reward of the Aakhirah is better

The book of the evil doers is in Sijjeen

Your Rabb knows better regarding you

Taking the people out is greater according to Allaah -

The people of Jannah are successful

And its mixture is of Tasneem

Every person is guarantor for what he earned -

Your spouses are farms for you

Their husbands are more worthy of returning to them -

Some of you are enemies of the other

The food of the people of the book is permissible for you and

your food is permissible for them -

The recompense is feeding ten poor people -

Your Rabb is independent

Merciful

The clothing of Taqwa is better

The word of Allaah is supreme

Their call in it will be, o Allaah, You are pure and their greeting

in it will be peace -


6 7

The example of the life of the world is like water which we

send from the sky -

The example of the two groups is like blind and deaf and seeing

and hearing -

The mercy and blessings of Allaah be upon you -

The people of the household

Everything is measured

Their clothing will be of melted copper

To Allaah belongs whatever is in the skies and whatever is in

the earth -

Mubtada placed at the end and khabar inthe beginning

Man

Part

Two Women

Axis

Hot water

Its movement

Its staying

A guard that stays

behind

when

When you return

in the evening

When you go out

in the morning

Straight path

By Allaah is the reward of the world and the Aakhirah -

And for Allaah is the beautiful names

And for the male is the share of two females

And men have status over them

For every one of them are stages for what they did -

They will have hot water to drink

For those who do good will be goodness and more -

In the name of Allaah shall it travel and anchor -

It has a guard that remains behind in front and not from behind-

And in it is beauty for you when you return at night and when

you go out in the morning -

And upon Allaah is the straight path

For those who do good in this world

For those who do not believe in the Aakhirah is the evil

example -


6 7

Sentences for practice of different typesof Mubtada and Khabar

Twice

Hidden under the veil

Adobe

Barren

Different

Fruit

Close

Send upon which

water is thrown

Divorce is twice

Your fasting

Forgiving you

You having patience

Judge

Veil

Evil people

Months

Revenge for bloodAll praise is due to Allaah

Muhammad is the Rasul of Allaah

The truth is from your Rabb

Allaah is the Creator of everything

Fitnah is worse than killing

Our hearts are covered by a veil

Your deity is one Ilaah

Their abode is the fire

My wife is barren

Allaah is sufficient for us

His mother was truthful

Their hearts differ

Its fruits are close

Your abode is the fire

That you fast is better for you

That you forgive is closer to Taqwa

That you have patience is better for you

Men are care-takers over women

This is the book in which there is no doubt

There is a veil over their eyes

There is sickness in their hearts

He has knowledge of everything

He has power over everything

Some of you are enemies of others

There is a place for you in the earth

And a believing slave is better than a polytheist -

For Allaah is the east and the west

Their actions are like sand over which water is thrown -

Most of them are sinners


6 7

They are disbelievers and sinners

The night of Qadr is better than a thousand months -

My mercy encompasses everything

For those who have Taqwa, by their Rabb

Gardens beneath which rivers flow

And Allaah is merciful with His servants

Hajj is in the known months

And there is life for you in Qisaas

They are the truthful

Laa of Nafi JinsThis laa comes on an ism. It negates species. For example,

means doubt. But when laa nafi jins comes before it, then itwill mean that there is no doubt.

The ism after laa nafi jins is called the ism of laa nafi jins and thekhabar comes thereafter. The ism of laa will get fatha. The khabaris in the condition of dhammah and the khabar is generally hiddenor the jar joins to majroor and is made. Therefore, the dhammahon it is not shown.

( )

Share

Break

Sin

Being unveiled from

women

Blame

Ungratefulness

Conversation

One who saves

Time

Freedom

Coming before

Breaking

We have no knowledge

They will have no share in the Aakhirah

It will not break

There will be no oppression this day

There is nor turning His word

There is no sin upon you

There is no being unveiled from women (no immorality), no sin

and no arguing in hajj -


6 7

There is no blame on you this day

There is no ungratefulness for his effort

There is no goodness in many of their conversations -

There is no protection today from the command of Allaah -

There is no proof between us and you

There is no coming in front on account of it

There is no proof for it

There is no opener except Him

Maa and laa in the meaning of laysaSometimes maa and laa are used in the meaning of laysa.Therefore, the action that laysa does, it will also do. Laysa is fromthe af'aal naaqisa and the action of af'aal naaqisa is that it gives theism a dhammah and the khabar a fatha. Most of the time, a letter ofjar will come on the khabar.

Anger

Those who give harm

Oppressors

Make him reach

You have greed

Difficult

One who takes a

message

Those who gather

No fear upon them

No anger in it

Allaah is not negligent

You are not a follower

It is not from the book

They will not exit

They will not harm them

Our command is nothing but one

Your companion is not insane

They are not absent from it

This is not a human


6 7

They are not their mothers

I will not oppress the servants

It will not reach

And most of people are not

Even if you desire for the believers

And that is not difficult upon Allaah

I will not take your message and you will not take mines -

You will not go down

You will not gather it

It is not the statement of the rejected devil

Huroof Mushabba ba Fi`l( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )indeed, as though, if only, but,possibly so that. These huroof come on a jumla ismiyyah and givethe mubtada a fatha and khabar a dhammah.After these letters areplaced, the mubtada is called its ism.

Friend

Sincere

Star

Shining like a pearl

Camel

Yellow

Donkey

Run away

One who judges

Create congeniality

Reject

You placed int fitnah

Attained purity

Destroyer

Indeed Allaah is the hearer, knower

Indeed Allaah has power over everything

Indeed the earth of Allaah is wide

Indeed Jahannam will encompass the disbelievers -

Indeed the truth is from their Rabb

Indeed the guidance of Allaah is guidance

Indeed man is at loss

Indeed your effort is spread

Indeed their Rabb will be aware of them on that day -


6 7

As though he is a sincere friend

As though it is a shining pearl

As though it is an emerald and pearl

As though it is black camels

As though it is a fleeing donkey

If only we were given what Qaaroon was given -

If only I was with them

If only I was dust

If only I did not take him as a friend

If only she was a decider

But most people are not grateful

But Allaah created congenialty between them

But the oppressors deny the verses of Allaah -

But Allaah threw

But you put yourselves into fitnah

Possibly Qiyaamat is close

Possibly Allaah will create a matter after this -

Possibly they could be guided

Possibly he could be purified

Possibly you could destroy yourself

Indeed I shall create a vicegerent in the earth -

Indeed safa and marwa are from the signs of Allaah -

So that I may know the Ilaah of Musa

Indeed the grip of your Rabb is severe

Indeed the pious will be in bounties

And indeed the sinners will definitely be in hell -

I am going to my Rabb

Indeed He is aware of the matters of the heart

Indeed the quake of Qiyaamat is a great thing -

If only I took the path with the Rasul

Indeed my servants do not have a proof upon them -

Vicegerent

Signs

Catch

The quaking of

Qiyaamat

Control


6 7

Jumla Fi`liyyah

Fi`l Faa`il

If the first part of a murakkab is a fi'l, then it is called jumlafi'liyyah. After an active verb there will be a faa'il and after apassive verb there will be a naa'ib faa'il. A faa'il and naa'ib faa'ilwill both get dhammah.

Allaah spoke the truth -

Man was created -

If the faa'il is not dhameer, but an apparent ism, then whether it issingle, dual or plural, the fi'l will be singular for it, e.g.

If the faa'il is feminine, then the fi'l will be feminine. If the faa'il isnot feminine proper or jam' mukassar, then it is permissible to usea masculine and feminine fi'l.

()

Destroyed

Turned around

will find

Feel

Kept as friend

Took

Passed

Way

Accepted

Hand

Ripened

Skin

Became straitened

Will grow

Threw

Asked for water

Became disgraced

Will move

Run Stood

Allaah witnessed

Their actions were destroyed

Do not take the believers

You will find every person

The wife of Imraan said

'Isa felt

Allaah took

Aadam received

Israa'eel forbid

Some faces will be white and some faces will be black -

Your hearts will be put at ease

Ways have passed before you

Indeed Allaah has favoured

Those who are stingy do not think

Their Rabb answered them

Your hands own

Allaah intends

Their skins will burn

The earth grows


6 7

Musa sought water

It stood upon Judi

Springs gushed forth from it

The skies were opened

The mountains moved

The earth shaken

The sun gathered

The people of the valley/pit were killed

Their faces were turned

The punishment was not made light for them

Fi`l and Naa`ib faa`il

Made to move

Shaken

Those of the valley

Turned around

Lifted

Desires

The earth filled

Will definitely be

tested

Mothers

Will not be lightened

Will be brought in front

Prepared

Named

Cattle

Will be tested

Chests

Made protector

Closed

Recited

Love of desires has been beautified for people -

The earth filled will not be accepted from any of them -

The Tauraat was revealed

You will definitely be tested in your wealth

Your mothers have been forbidden for you

Fighting has been ordained for you

The Qur'aan was recited upon them

Prepared for the disbelievers

Carrion has been forbidden for you

The name of other than Allaah was taken

Intercession will not be accepted

Cattle has been made permissible for you

Your call has been answered

Their hands have been filled

They were cursed for what they said

The verses were read to them


6 7

MafaaèelAfi'l will give all the mafaa'eel fatha.

that ism upon which the fi'l comes, e.g.created man.

that root word which has the same meaningas the fi'l just mentioned. It generally comes for emphasis, e.g.

we mentioned the complete detail.

that ism which shows the time or place in whichthe fi'l took place, e.g. we made above you,

indeed was successful today.

that ism which is the cause of the mentioned fi'l,e.g. turn the bounty of Allaah on account ofdisbelief.

that ism which comes after waaw which hasthe meaning of , e.g. save yourselvesand your families from the fire.

They are five;

Maf'ool bihi:

Maf'ool Mutlaq:

Maf'ool fihi:

Maf'ool lahu:

Maf'ool ma'ahu:

( )

( )

( )( )

( )

( ) ( )

Maf òol bihi and Maf òol mutlaq

I warned

You informed me

We herded

We explained

Made a lot

They tasted

Lifted

He took an oath

You carve

They slaughtered

Do not decrease

Took out

Made flow

We destroyed

Spread out

Filled his palm

We made into pieces

Do not beauity

Will bow

You warned them

Gave you life

You informed me

We herded him

We explained

You increased

They took oaths

You alone do we worship

Forbid the beauty of Allaah

They tasted of the tree

Took your father out

Forgot the meeting of their day

I give the message of My Rabb

You carve the mountains

weigh a full measurement

we turned to good in the place of evil

threw his staff

do not mix the truth

make blood flow


6 7

light a fire

say to them a statement

grant you a complete victory

the earth will shake violently

do not go out like the going out of the days of ignorance -

Maf òol fihi, Maf òol lahu,Maf òol maàhu

Dismount

Took

Morning

Evening

Animal of slaughter

You wait

Poverty

So become unified

We reached

Save

Want

Dismount in the city

We lifted above you

Took his servant

Whose surrounds we have blessed

Take out for him on the day of Qiyaamah

Remember the name of your Rabb morning and evening -

Indeed I repent now

The animal for slaughter will reach its place

We left Yusuf with our goods

You stayed years

Doing work in front of him

Travel in it at night and day

Will not it a moment


6 7

We will resurrect the sinners on that day

Destroyed befoe them

You followed their wishes

After the one who came to you with knowledge -

Show you lightning fear

Do not kill your children fearing poverty -

Spending their wealth seeking the pleasure of Allaah -

Difficulty has reached us and our family

Save yourselves and your families from the fire -

Those who are patient seeking the countenance of their Rabb -

Turn the bounty of Allaah into ingratitude

HaalHaal is that which shows the condition of the faa'il or maf'ool orboth. It will have fatha. Besides mufrad, a jumla fi'liyyah andjumla ismiyyah can also be haal, e.g. enter thedoor in prostration.

( )

Returned

We counted

Will come

In different groups

With respect

Graves

Do not move

Continuously in work

Give their recompense

Rebuking

Waiting

Increase

Being blind

Thousands

Interest

Multiplied

Remembering Allaah standing and sitting

Returning to their families happy

So armies will come to you

We created you as spouses

We counted it as a book

On the day when the angels and the soul will stand in rows -

People will become different groups

We revealed the book as explanation upon you -


6 7

And guidance and mercy and glad tidings for the Muslims -

Stand for Allaah obedient

Enter it disgraced

Do not go about in the earth corrupters

Subdued the sun and the moon always in work -

Hold onto the rope of Allaah all together

We drowned the army of Fir'awn while you were looking -

Giving their ransom while it was forbidden upon you -

Coming in front of each other rebuking

Left from there fearful waiting

Left their homes while they were thousands -

O you who believe do not eat interest multiplied -

We believe in Allaah alone

TameezTameez is that ism that clears up some unclarity. This unclaritycan be in number, measurement and weight. It could also bebecause of some link. The tameez will be mansoob, e.g.

I saw eleven stars, theBedouins are severe in disbelief.( ) ( )

You will never reach

Ninety nine

Ram

Broke

We made to flow

Army

Plan

Displeasure

Filled

Returning stars

You will never reach the mountains in height

Who is more truthful than Allaah in speech

This is my brother, he has 99 rams

Twelve springs gushed forth from it

What is greater than testimony

The earth split it streams forth

O my Rabb, increase me in knowledge

They will soon come to know who has an evil place and a weak

army -

You will definitely come to know who of us is severe in

punishment and will last longer -


6 7

Allaah gave the mujaahideen virtue on account of their wealth

and lives over those who sit back -

Say, Allaah is quicker in planning

Tawaabi`

Mausoof and Sifat

Remember well that thee harkat at the end of the word is given fortwo reasons; one is that an aamil acts on the word, due to which itis given some harkat.

For example, it is mubtada, khabar, faa'il or maf'ool.

Secondly, there is no aamil but the aamil comes on the wordbefore and this word follows that aamil, i.e. taabi'. The word isthen given the same harkat as the word before it.

The tawaabi' are 5: sifat, ma'toof, taakeed, badal, atf bayaan.

Sifat is that taabi' that shows the good or bad quality of themausoof. The matboo' is called the mausoof.

Female slave

Come behind him

Difficulty

Made to grow

Group

Hold firmly

Firm hand-hold

Months

Known

Your ilhaah is only one Ilaah

And a believing slave is better than a polytheist and a female

believing slave is better than a polytheist slave -


6 7

A good word and forgiveness is better than charity followed by

difficulty -

Her Rabb accepted her with good acceptance and nurtured her

with good nurturing -

How many small groups overpowered large groups with the

permission of Allaah -

Hold firmly onto the firm hand-hold

Protect the salaahs and the middle salaah -

Hajj is in the known months

Indeed Shaytaan is a clear enemy for

Ma`toof Alayh and Ma`toof( ) are the letter of atf. They join two words or twosentences. The ma'toof alayh comes first, then the ma'toof. TheI'raab of both are the same.

Gold

Silver

Life

Eye

Ear

Nose

Teeth

Horse

Made a sign

Cattle

Farm

Sons

You had intercourse

They both presented sacrifices

Feed

One in difficulty

He shoud fulfil

Dirt

Old house

Evil

Gold and silver

Indeed life for a life and eye for an eye and ear for an ear and

nose for a nose and a tooth for a tooth -

And horses that are marked and cattle and farms -

Wealth and sons

Rasul of Allaah and His word

With piety and Taqwa

Your faces and your hands

We hear and we obey

If you are ill or on a journey

Have intercourse with your spouses

You do not find water

Believe and do good deeds

Disbelieve and belie

We are the sons of Allaah and His beloveds

They presented their sacrifices so it was accepted from one of

them -


6 7

Eat and drink until the white thread becomes clear form the

black thread from the dawn -

Then complete your fast till the night

So eat from it and feed the one in difficulty and the poor -

For you is benefit in it until an appointed time -

Indeed we created you then shaped you then we said to the

angels -

You have been given from the book and wisdom -

Then a Rasul came to you

They did evil out of ignorance then repented soon -

Takeed and BadalTaakeed is that word which comes to emphasize the word orsubject matter before it. The word that is emphasized is calledmu'akkad.

Mubdal minhu comes before badal which is not the objective, butthe badal is the objective. Taakeed and badal is under mu'akkadand mubdal minhu in I'raab.

Command

I shall definitely lead

them astray

I shall definitely fill

Will be blown

One of pillars

Wide

Value

The house of the

Aakhirah

News

Indeed the matter is totally for Allaah

The angels prostrated, all of them

I shall definitely lead all of them astray

When the trumpet will be blown once

Guide us to the straight path

The path of those whom You have favoured

To the Thamood the brother Saalih

I followed the religion of my father Ibraaheem and Ishaaq and

Ya'qoob -


6 7

They ask you about the holy months, fighting in it -

How your Rabb dealt with Aad

A few dirhams

News of those before you, the nations of Nuh and Aad and

Thamud -

Allaah gives an example of a good word like a good tree -

Fi`l mudaari` negative emphasized

We shall see

Clearly

Goodness

Will never move

Place of refuge

Will never touch us

And they said that none but the Jews or Christians will enter

Jannah -

And they said we shall never believe you until we see Allaah

clearly -

You will never attain piety until you spend

We will never be patient upon one food

You will never find a change in the way of Allaah -

We shall never enter it ever as long as they remain there -

I shall not speak to anyone this day

You said that Allaah will not raise a Rasul after this -

The fire will not touch you except for a few days -

Nothing will harm us but what Allaah has decreed for us -


6 7

Fi`l mudaari` Positive emphasized

You will definitely

see

I shall definitely

crucify you

You will definitely

rebel

I shall definitely deviate

I shall definitely attack

them at night

And Allaah will definitely know those who are true and He will

definitely know the liars -

You will definitely enter Masjid al Haraam in peace Allaah

willing -

You will definitely hear from those who were given the book

and those who committed shirk great harm -

You will definitely see Jahannam

You will definitely be questioned about the bounties

Or I shall slaughter him

I shall definitely cut your hands and your feet from opposite

sides then I shall crucify you all -

I shall definitely grant them a severe punishment

I shall definitely seek forgiveness for you

You will definitely commit corruption in the earth twice and

have pride -

And we shall definitely make less upon them

I shall definitely come to them from in front and from behind

them and from their right and from their left -

I shall definitely lead them astray

We shall definitely take you out o Shu'ayb and those who

believe with you -


6 7

Amr

Justice

Surround

Place of ambush

Wait

Fear me

Make witnesses

Stay separate

Hasten

Become devoted

Involved in difficulty

Place

So take protection

Decide between them with justice

Surround them and sit at every place of ambush -

So man should see from what he was created

O Nabi, fight the disbelievers and the hypocrites and be hard

upon them -

And stay behind me in my nation

He said to his family to wait

Return to your Rabb

Take glad tidings of Jannah

Fear me

Have patience upon what they say

Hold onto the rope of Allaah all together

Get two witnesses from your men

Stay away from women during their menstruation -

Hasten towards goodness

Take a representative

Become completely devoted

Feed the destitute and poor

Place upon them equally

Go towards that which you belied

Be separate this day o sinners

Take refuge in ther cave


6 7

Nahi

Closed

Do not debate

Do not be lazy

Do not claim purity

Do not be negligent

Need

Do not ever argue

Do not argue

Do not give

Do not encourage

Enmity

Do not close your hands to your necks

Do not open them up completely

Do not debate regarding them except apparent discussion -

Do not claim purity for yourselves

You wealth and your children should not make you negligent

of the remembrance of allaah -

Do not kill your children out of fear for poverty -

Do not obey the one whose heart We have made negligent of

Our remembrance -

Do not argue in the matter

Do not move your tongue with it in order to hasten -

Do not argue in front of me when I have sent warning before

to you -

Do not give the foolish your wealth

Enmity for a nation should not encourage you

If you stop from the Masjid al Haraam -


6 7

Mustathna (excluding)The ism that comes after is called istithnaa. It isunderstood that the ruling applied to it will be different to theword before the istithnaa. The mustathna is generally mansooband sometimes it accepts the harkat of the aamil word before.After , the mustathna is majroor, e.g.We did not send you but as a mercy to mankind.

( )

( ) ( )

Af `aal NaaqisahAf'aal naaqisah are 15:

They come on jumla ismiyyah. They give the ism dhammah andthe khabar fatha, e.g. man is in a hurry.

()

( )

They all prostrated except Iblees

They drank except for a few from them

We did not find except a house of the Muslims -

They do not deceive but themselves

We do not make a self to do something except according to its

ability -

Does not hear except du'a'

The fire will not touch you except for a few days -

It is not but advice for the universe

They do not know except little

They do not follow except thought

They lived for 1000 years except 50

Nothing is upon the Rasul except conveying

They do not worship anyone but Allaah

Miserly

Barren

Black

Necks

Bow

You became

One who stays

Those who stay

Became

Heart

Free

You will remain

I will not stay away

Doorkeeper

Man is miserly

Allaah is overpowering, wise

My wife is barren

The promise of Allaah will be questioned about

We will not punish

They were a sinning nation

You had hope among us

His face became black

Their necks were lowered for him

You stayed upon it


6 7

The heart of the mother of Musa became free

You became brothers by the bounty of Allaah

They became at loss

They became fearful in the city

They remain with differences

You remained in doubt

I will not stop until I reach the joining of the oceans -

I will not leave the earth until I am given permission -

Males are not like females

They are not equal

You are not a believer

The jews are not upon anything

You are not a doorkeeper over them

Af àal Muqaarabah, Af àal Madah andDhamm and Af àal Taàjjub

They are four;

They give the ism dhammah and the khabar will generally be fi'lmudaari'. Sometimes it will come with and sometimeswithout , e.g. possibly your Rabbwill have mercy on you.

( )

( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )

for praise, for rebuke

Its faa'il will get dhammah and the word after will also getdhammah. In tarkeeb, the makhsoos bil madah will be mubtadamu'akh khar. The fi'l of praise with the faa'il will be khabar, e.g.

a good master.

There are two scales for Af'aal Ta'ajjub; forexample how ungrateful, how muchthey listen and hear.

( )( ) ( )

Af àal Muqaarabah

Af àal Madah and dhamm

Af àal Taàjjub

Stop

Tear

Bring them

Lightning

Snatch

Resting place

One who returns

Companion


6 7

Possibly my Rabb will guide me to the straight path -

A good reward and a good resting place

What a good servant, indeed he would turn to us

How evil are the names of sin after Imaan -

Evil is the abode of the oppressors

Evil was the morning of the warned

How will they tolerate the fire?

Possibly Allaah will stop

The sky will possibly split

Possibly Allaah will bring them

The lightning will possibly snatch their eyesight -

Possibly your Rabb will raise you to the Maqaam Mahmood -

If you love Allaah then follow me

If you seek help in deen

So help is binding on you

If you are impure then seek purity

If I invent a lie then the crime will be upon me

If you seek recompense, then take recompense

Those whom we increase in age, we decrease in creation -

He who turns away from the remembrance of Allaah we

appoint a Shaytaan for him -

He who does an atom's weight of goodness will see it -

Shaat (condition) and Jaza` (result)

Here there are two sentences. One is a shart and the second isjaza'. Shart and jaza' joined becomes a shartiyyah sentence. Fromthe huroof, generally is used.

And there are nouns used for shart. These nouns give fi'l mudaari' a jazm. are

from the ismaa' zuroof but they are mostly used for shart.

( )

9 () ( )

Seek help

Impure

You gave recompense

Increase in age

Make less

Become blind

We appoint

Towards it


6 7

He who does goodness, it will be for himself

He who seeks a religion other than Islaam it will never be

accepted from him -

And when My servants ask you about Me, then indeed I am

close -

When the trumpet will be blown

Wherever you are, death will find you

Wherever you turn, you will find Allaah

Wherever you are, then turn your faces in its direction -

When the appointed time will come, then it will not be delayed

for a moment nor will it be brought forward -

Sentences with Nida (a call)

Islaam

Completely

Keep a servant

You took more

Wipe out

Make hard

Leave

Close

Descend

So take heed o those of understanding

O you wrapped in a shawl, stand at night except for a little while

O you wrapped in a cloth, stand and warn

O Bani Israa'eel remember My bounty which I favoured you with

O you who believe, enter completely into Islaam -

O our Rabb, grant us from your side pure off spring -

Purity belongs to You, save us from the punishment of the fire -

O group of jinn, indeed you have taken more from man -

O our Rabb, wipe out their wealth and harden their hearts -


6 7

O earth, take in your water

O sky, stop

O Nuh, come down with peace from Us and blessings upon you -

Themubtada in which themeaning ofcondition is found

He who understands, it will be for himself

He who strives will strive for himself

Those who suffer loss regarding themselves are those who do

not believe -

He who does at atom's weight of goodness will see it -

He who comes with goodness will get ten the like of it -

He who falls into deviation will only deviate upon himself -

Glad tidings be for those who believe and do good deeds and a

good abode -

You do not have any bounty except that it is from Allaah -

No difficulty comes upon you except on account of what your

hands have earned -

Those who desire the plantation of the world, we will give it to

them -

Those who seek beyond that, they are transgressors -


6 7

He who intends the Aakhirah and strives for it while a believer,

their effort will be appreciated -

Different sentences for practice

Warn

Bow

Summary/piece

Encourage

Rotate

Way

Branches

Hollow

Make blood flow

You get control

Chase

City

Gather

Hidden egg

Join and make flow

Barrier

Wide

Make fly

Fall

Roofs

Flat land

Slip

Allaah warns you about Himself

Your hearts bowed

Indeed we created man from a piece of clay -

We sent the shayateen

These are the days that we rotate amongst people -

Say, everyone practices upon their way

Throw people as though they were hollow tree trunks -


6 7

You will then see people in it

As though they are branches of a date palm fallen down -

So if you get control over them in the war then chase them from

behind so that they may heed advice -

Send gatherers in the fields

As though they are protected eggs

The seas join and meet

In between them there is a barrier that does not transgress -

Turning it into a empty plain

It is not for the Nabi to take prisoners until he sheds blood in the

earth -

Lured

Closed

Tore

Town

Placed an argument

They enlightened

Extinguished

You women rebuked me

I hide

Corpse

We will soon lure

Informed

Those who have

wings

Two

Three

Four

Enter him

Hell

Will not leave

One that burns

Body

Penalty

Burden

Wipe out

And she lured the one in her house to herself

And she locked the door

So they rebuked me regarding it

He broke the morning and made the night peaceful and the sun

and the moon measured -

Came with you from the town after Shaytaan made an argument

between me and my brothers -

Every time they ignited a fire of war, Allaah extinguished it -

Was I not able to be like this crow, so that I could cover the

body of my brother -

We will soon lure him away from his father and indeed we shall

do it -

He created the angels with wings, two, three and four -


6 7

Soon I shall enter him into the fire

And what is the fire

It neither spares nor leaves

It distorts the body

Items mentioned in the Qur`aan

There are certain man made items mentioned in the Qur'aan. Theobjective of this chapter is to learn the translation of these versesin which man made items are mentioned, but together with thisthe student must understand the importance of work and aprofession and they should turn their attention to a profession thatwill bring permissible income.

Goblets

Jugs

Glasses

Clear pure water

Doors

Clothing

Many bangles

One bangle

Will wear

Thin silk

Thick silk

I nurtured

Many pens

Tablets

Will pass around them goblets and jugs and glasses of pure

clear water -

Enter from different doors

They will be wearing green clothing of thin and thick silk and

they will be made to wear jewellery of silver -

When they threw their pens regarding who will look after

Maryam -

And when anger took over Musa he took the tablets -

Weapons

Took

Precaution

Idols

You save me

Carpet

Pegs

House

Stars

Churches

Places of salaah

Statues

Those who stay


6 7

Moving ships

With ease

Wall

Fall

Forts

Big pots

Pond

Ship

Ropes

Sticks

Silk

High

Like mountains

Whip

So hit

100

Shawls

Make close

Jewellery

Bread

Tents

And take their precautions and their weapons -

Did we not make the earth a bedding

And the mountains pegs

And save me and my children that we worship idols -

So worship the Rabb of this house

And the sky, that has stars

And if Allaah did not push the people back some on account of

some, the churches and synagogues would be destroyed and

places of salaah and Masaajid in which Allaah is remembered

in abundance -

What are these statues that you stay for them -

And ships moving with ease

They found in it a wall about to fall

Doing what he wanted from miraabs and statues and big pots

like ponds -

And for him are high vessels in the ocean like mountains -

Give the adulterer and the adulteress, each of them 100 lashes -

O Nabi, tell your spouses and your daughters and the believing

women to draw their garments over themselves -


6 7

Silver coins

Gold coins

Find

Spears

Pieces of steel

Glass

Carpets

Oil

Will not fulfil it

Prison

Two youngsters

Clothing

Tar

Lamp

Bright

They threw their ropes and their sticks

And their reward for their patience is Jannah and silk -

And you take out from it jewellery

Lifting bread on my head

Damsels covered in tents

And they bought him for a paltry sum, a few counted silver

coins -

And from them are those if you trust them with gold coins they

will not give them to you -

That is the abode of the Aakhirah

What your hands find and your spears

Give me pieces of steel

The lamp is in the glass

And carpets spread out

Its oil will soon be lit even though fire does not touch it -

Two youngsters entered the jail with him Their clothing will be

of tar -

And we made a bright lamp

Indeed we have prepared for the disbelievers chains and yokes

and the fire -

Do they have stairs that they listen attentively

So your Rabb rained punishment upon them

Indeed this was in the first scriptures

It was said that enter the palace

Possessor of The great throne

What is in your right hand o Musa

He said it is my staff

Chains

Yoke

Stairs

Whip

Book

Palace

Throne

Stick


6 7

Thread

Carpet

Ship

Cleaver

Big pot

Firm

Paper

Palace

High, strong

Necklace

Shirt

Mirror

A distance of two bows

Fall

Roofs

Wide well

Animal for slaughter

Its mixture

Camphor

Chair

Clothing

Lamps

Palaces

Keys

Animals of the earth

Stick

Scale

Thread

Masaajid

Niche

Ink

Finished

Cushions

Coins

Shoes

Do not be like those who broke the thread

Made the earth for you a carpet

And you see the ships cleaving in it

And firm big pots

Made paper for you

Do not take the signs of Allaah as permissible nor the holy

months nor the animal for slaughter nor the sign on it -

If the shirt is torn from the back

Measured properly

He was a distance of two bows or closer

Its mixture is camphor

His kursi encompasses the skies and the earth -

And He made the night clothing

Until the white thread becomes clear to you -

And indeed the Masaajid are for Allaah so do not call anyone

together with Allaah -

The example of His light is like a niche in which there is a lamp

And indeed we have beautified the sky of the world with lamps


6 7

And you make palaces so that you can live forever -

He is the one who created gardens

The keys of the unseen are with Him, none knows of it but Him

Nothing pointed to his death except the creatures of the earth

eating the inside -

And establish the scale with justice and do not weigh less in the

scale -

Cushions arranged in rows

Say, if the oceans were ink for the words of my Rabb, the

oceans would definitely finish -

So send one of you with these coins of yours to the city -

Remove your shoes

Mihraab

Bucket

Hang

Firm handhold

Stairs

Moving up

We do not find

Scale

Chains

Forts

They helped

Oil

Cushion Grand carpets

Standing, performing salaah in the mihraab

So they hung the bucket

Hold onto the firm handhold

Stairs going upwards on it

We have lost the cup of the king

Those who helped them from the people of the book from their

forts -

Reclining on green cushions

And good carpets

So advise with the Qur'aan those who fear my warning -


6 7

Items mentioned in the Qur`aan

Who is it

We made grow

Gardens

Beautiful

Turn away from the truth

Worthy of staying

Between

Mountain that stands firm

Barrier

Accept

Made anew

Bring

Proof

Who is it that created the skies and the earth and sent down for youwater from the sky, then we gow beautiful gardens through it. It isnot possible for you to grow its trees. Is there any Ilaah besidesAllaah? They are but a people who turn away from the truth. Or hewho made the earth stable, who created rivers in its midst, whoplaced mountains on it, and Who placed a barrier between the twoseas? Is there another Ilaah withAllaah? No, but most of them areignorant. Or he Who answers to the distressed person when hecalls to Him, Who averts evil and Who has made you deputies onearth? Is there another Ilaah with Allaah? Little do you pay heed.Or the Being Who guides you in the darkness of the land and sea?And Who sends the winds as a carrier of good news before Hismercy? Is there another Ilaah with Allaah? Allaah is high abovewhat they ascribe. Or He Who originated the creation, Who willrecreate it, and Who sustains you from the sky and the earth? Isthere another Ilaah with Allaah? Say, 'bring your proof if you aretruthful.'


6 7

Pillars

Place to work

Spread

Piece

Joined together

Cluster

You graze

Created

Fresh meat

Jewellery

Tearing

Shakes with you

It is Allaah who raised the skies without any pillar that you see,then turned His attention to the Throne and subjugated the sunand the moon. Each runs until its appointed term. He plans affairsand explains the verses in detail so that you may be convinced ofmeeting your Rabb. It is He who spread the earth and placedmountains and rivers in it. He creates pairs from every type offruit and covers the day with the night. Indeed there are signs inthis for those people who ponder. On the earth there areneighbouring parts of land, orchards of grapes, plantations anddate palms, some of which grow in clusters while others do not.All are watered by one water. We give distinction to one over theother in eating. Verily in this are signs for those who understand.

He is the one who sends rain from the sky, which provides waterand vegetation on which you graze your animals. With it Allaahgrows for your plantations, olives, dates, grapes and all types offruit. Undoubtedly, there is a sign in this for those who reflect. Hemade the night and they day subservient at your service and thesun and the moon as well. The stars are also kept in servitude byHis command. Indeed there are signs in this for people ofunderstanding. And the things that He created for you on earth,having various colours. Surely there is a sign in this for peoplewho take heed. It is He who subjugated the ocean so that you mayeat fresh meat from it and extract jewels that you wear.You see the


6 7

ships cleaving their way on it so that you may seek from Hisbounty and so that you may show gratitude to Him. He placedmountains in the earth so that it does not shake with you and riversand roads on earth so that you may find your way. And manylandmarks and they are guided by the stars.

He is the one who made the night for you as a garment and sleep aform of rest and he made the day a time to spread out. He is the onewho sends the winds as a carrier of good news ahead of His mercyand He sends from the skies water that purifies. So that we revivethe dead with it and so that We give drinking water to our creation,animals and many people.

Rest

Getting up

Dead

Animals

Many people

Joined and made flow

Sweet

Salty

Barrier

Strong barrier

Relatives by marriage

He is the One who joined the two seas, this one is sweet andquenching and that one is salty and bitter. He created betweenthem a barrier that is a strong veil. It is He who created man fromwater and made relatives by blood and relatives by marriage.Andyour Rabb is Powerful.


6 7

Reminder of the signs of Allaah

Coming and going

Ships

Spread

Move

Animal

Moves

Clouds

On top of each other

Rain

Ice

Flash of lightning

Indeed in the creation of the skies and the earth and the changingof the night and day and the ships that move in the ocean with thatof benefit to people and that whichAllaah sends of water from thesky then the earth is enlivened through it after its death andspreading in it every animal and the movement of the winds andthe obedient clouds between the sky and the earth are signs forthose who are intelligent. Sand

Spread out

Friend

Different

Languages

Colours

Sleep

Seek

Do you not see that Allaah moves the clouds, then condensesthem and stacks them in layers. Then you see rain falling frombetween them. Then, from the mountainous clouds in the sky,Allaah showers down some ice, by which it falls on whoever Hewants and turns from whoever He wants. The flash of lightningcan almost snatch the eyesight. Allaah changes the night and theday. Indeed in this there is a lesson for the intelligent. And Allaahcreated every creature from water. Of these, some move on theirbellies and from them some walk on two legs and from them somewalk on four.Allaah creates whatever He wills. IndeedAllaah haspower over everything.


6 7

And from His signs is that He created you from sand then youbecame humans spread out. And from His signs is that He createdfor you spouses so that you may find solace with her and He hasplaced love and mercy between you. Indeed in this there are signsfor those who contemplate. And from His signs is the creation ofthe skies and the earth and the differences in your languages andyour colours. Indeed in this are signs for those who haveknowledge. And from His signs is your sleep by night and by dayand your seeking from His bounty. In this there are certainly signsfor those who listen. And from His signs is that He shows youlightning which aroused fear and hope and He sends water fromthe sky, thereby reviving the earth after its death. Indeed in thislies signs for those who understand.And from His signs is that thesky and earth stand by His command. Then when He will call youform the earth, you will immediately emerge.

Catch

Precede

Sky

Swim

Draw out

Stipulated time

Branch of an old date palm

And the night is a sign for them. We draw the day out of it and theyare suddenly left in darkness and the sun moves to its destination,this is the arrangement of the Mighty, the Wise. And We gavestipulated stages for the moon until it returns like the branch of anold date palm. It is not possible for the sun to catch the moon, noris it possible for the night to precede day and all of them swim intheir orbits.


6 7

Reminder of the days of Allaah

Nation

We gave them control

Abundant rain

Sins

We created

News

Towns turned upside down

Clear proofs

Have they not seen before them of the nations we gave control inthe earth, whom We had given control not as We gave you controland We sent upon them abundant rain and made rivers flowbeneath them and We destroyed them on account of their sins andcreated after them another nation.

Did the news of those before them not come to them, of the nationof Nuh andAad and Thamud and the nation of Ibraaheem and thepeople of Madyan and the towns turned upside down. Their

messengers came to them with clear proofs. So Allaah did notoppress them but they oppressed themselves.

Many were the towns who rebelled against the command of theirRabb and of His Rusul, so We took them to task severely and gavethem an admonishing punishment. They tasted the consequencesof their doing and the end result of their matter was loss. Allaahprepared a severe punishment for them.

How many towns

Rebelled

Admonishing punishment

Clear loss

Prepared

Beautified

Intelligent

Those who escape

Stoned

Shout

Swallowed


6 7

And Aad and Thamud, their condition is apparent before youfrom their dwellings and Shaytaan beautified their actions forthem and prevented them from the path even though they hadinsight. And Qaaroon and Fai'awn and Haamaan. Undoubtedly,Moosa came to them with signs, but they were arrogant in theearth and they could not escape.All of them We seized on accountof their sin. We sent a violent wind upon some of them and fromamong them we seized by a shout. One of them was swallowed bythe ground and We drowned another. Allaah never oppressedthem but they used to oppress themselves.

Reminder of after death

Qiyaamah

Will be negligent

Nursing mother

Drunk

Will not be of aid

Intercession

Ransom

Will not be helped

O people, fear your Rabb. Indeed the earthquake of Qiyaamah is agreat thing. That day, you will witness every nursing motherforget her suckling infant and every pregnant woman will aborther child and you will see people drunk and they will not be drunkbut the punishment ofAllaah is severe.

And fear the day when no soul will come to the aid of another souland intercession will not be accepted from anyone and no ransomwill be taken and they will not be helped.


6 7

Residue of oil

Coloured wool

Friend

They will be shown them

Tribe

Gave him residence

Never

Graves

Run

Raised

Scream

Presented

The day when the sky will become like the residue of oil. And themountains will become like coloured wool. No friend will askabout another friend. They will be shown them. The sinner willwish that he give his sons as ransom for the punishment on thatday and his wife and his brother and his tribe with whom he lived.And everyone on earth so that he may be saved. Never,

The life of Ibraaheem�

First Lesson

The beginning stages of the life of Ibraaheem was underthe guidance of pure intelligence and turning away frompolytheism

�

What, do you make

Idols

Deity

Came over

Set

Shining

Born

One being straight

Debated


6 7

And remember when Ibraaheem said to his father Aazar, what, doyou make idols deities? Indeed I see you and your nation in cleardeviation. And in this way We showed Ibraaheem the kingdom ofthe skies and the earth and so that he may be of those who haveconviction. When night came over him he saw a star. He said thisis my Rabb. Then when it set he said that I do not like that whichsets. When he saw the moon shining he said this is my Rabb.When it set then he said that if my Rabb does not guide me I shalldefinitely be of the deviated nation. When he saw the sun shininghe said this is my Rabb, this is the greatest. When it set he said omy nation, indeed I am free of that which you ascribe as partners.Indeed I have turned my face to the Being Who created the skiesand the earth and I am not from among the polytheists. His nationdebated with him. He said, do you debate with me regardingAllaah when He has guided and I do not fear that which youascribe as partners to Him, except if my Rabb wants something.My Rabb encompasses everything in terms of knowledge, do younot heed the advice. And how can I fear that which you ascribe aspartners and you do not fear that you ascribe partners to Allaahregarding whom there is no proof revealed. So, which of the twogroups are more worthy of safety, if you know.

Second Lesson

The lecture of Ibraaheem against idol worship and hisfather banishing him from the house.

�

Very truthful

O my father

Will not benefit you

Straight path

Disobedient

Touches you

One turning away

If you do not stop

I shall stone you

Leave me

For a time

Beneficent

Truthful tongue

High


6 7

And mention in the book Ibraaheem. Indeed he was very truthfuland a Nabi. Remember when he said to his father, o my father,why do you worship that which does not hear and does not see andwill not benefit you in any way. O my father, indeed knowledgehas come to me, which has not come to you so follow me, I shallguide you to the straight path. O my father, do not worshipShaytaan, indeed Shaytaan was disobedient to Rahmaan. O myfather, I fear that a punishment will come to you from Rahmaan,then you will be a friend for Shaytaan. He said, do you turn awayfrom my deity, O Ibraaheem, if you do not resist, then I shalldefinitely stone you, and leave me forever. He said, peace be uponyou, soon I shall seek forgiveness for you from my Rabb, indeedHe is compassionate with me. I shall separate from you and thatwhich you worship besides Allaah and and I shall call my Rabb. Ihope that I shall not be deprived in my call to my Rabb. When wedeparted from them and that which they worship besides Allaah,We granted him Ishaaq and Ya'qoob and made each of them aNabi. And We granted them from our mercy and made for themtongues of high truthfulness.

��

Miftah ul Qur`an part 4.cdr - Mufti AH Elias

Documents

Transcript of Miftah ul Qur`an part 4.cdr - Mufti AH Elias