E UPOn Newe Inter_Ina to

F.rm •••• Throuah theF.rm Newe

Vol. XVIII, No. 5 SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1940

BehindtheWheelWith J. F. Yaeger,Director of MembershipRelations

HISTORYOne of the first counties to have

the benefit of extension service inMichigan was Branch county, accord-blg to Gordon Schlubatis, countyagr'l agent. That was back in 1913.'Po have the service it was' first nec-essary to have a County Farm Bur-eau and raise local funds before re-ceiving co-operation from the feder-al government. In fact, that's theway that most county extension ser-vices became possible. In Branchcounty the folks raised $2,600. Theoriginal County Farm Bureau num-bered among its ranks over 200 farmfamilies. Some contributed as highas $50 or $100.

The Farm Bureau officers at thattime were president, otto E. Luedd-er; vice president, Thomas Buell;secretary, E. A. Gunton; treasurer,A. W. Gole. Following this two-yearperiod the Farm Bureau petitionedthe board of supervisors for financialassistance. The Board has co-operat-ed in supplying expense money eversince.

This is true in most counties today.In the average county federal funds

take care of theagent's salary. Thegranting of suffi-cient federal fundsto take care ofall but local ex-penses for exten-tion agen ts wasbrought about bythe 0 rtp ani zedfarmer. He Instst-ed that all coun-ties, the poor aswell as the wealthy

should have the services of anextension agent available if theycould raise enough money locally topay office and traveling expenses.This is one of the projects advancedby the Farm Bureau.

R. E. A.:M. '86rt Thompson, director of

, the Fruit Belt Co-operative RuralElectrical Administration project insouthwest Michigan, gives the FarmBureau much credit for making REApossible not only in that section ofMichigan but throughout the UnitedStates as a whole. At a recent FarmBureau meeting in Cass county, Mr.Thompson said, "Farm Bureau didmore to make REA possible thanany other organization. In somestates the Ftrm Bureau even spentthousands of dollars to promote theprogram. Certainly the AmericanFarm Bureau Federation fought hardfor the program. One of the greatestcontributions the Farm Bureau ismaking towards the success of theprojects is the educational work itis doing in the principles of co-oper-ation. Without a doubt Cass Countymade the REA possible in this sec-tion of the state."

The Fruit Belt REA has 700 milesof line and has 2,025 meter outletsincluding 77 rural schools. Ninetypercent of the folks at the CassCounty meeting that day held uptheir hands when asked how manywere being furnished electrical pow-

(Continued on pa~e 2.)

Meet

FARM co-opsLOOK FORWA DTO JULY 8·12

Grass Ensilage He ps MEMBERS WIStop Spread of eeds HONORS INF W k -:--E·l km +duPlicate samples 'he had kept in his PORK PR DU TIew ee s In nSIage I S office.

Germination of Many Only three kinds-bindwe d, Les-pedeza sericea, and American dragon-

Weed Seeds head mint-showed any life after be-ing buried in the silage. Bind weedshowed a germination of from 5 to 11per cent, Lespedeza 1 to 5 per cent, Four members of the lichiganand American dragonhead mint threeper cent. In these three kinds, and State Farm Bureau placed among thealso in the sweet clover sample, some flrst 15 contestants in the 1939 Springhard seeds remained after the gerrnl- Pig ClOP Conte t, which was carriednation test. These also might have on in co-operation with the animalgerminated under more favorable con- husbandry dep't of the Michiganditions. State College.

The experiments showed no measur- C. E. Puffenberger of Eaton Rap-able differences b tween the corn id, member of the Eaton Countysilage and the hay ilages, but there Farm Bureau, placed third. He en-was some evidence that the low- tered four litters totaling 34 prigs. Atmoisture silages may not be quite so 180 days the pigs averaged 245% lbs.effective in destroying the gerrnina- The litters averaged 2,087 lbs.tion of weed seeds as the high- E. Johnson &. Son of Charlotte,moisture silages. members of the Eaton County. Farm

The 26 kinds of seeds tested in- Bureau, entered three litters totalingeluded shepherd's purse, chickweed, 26 pigs. At 1 0 days the pigs av ragedbuttercup, dandelion, bigseed lady's 235 lbs, ,The litters averaged 2,039thumb or Penn ylvanla smartweed, Ibs. Johnson & Son placed 5th.goose grass, amaranth, crabgrass, com- Howard McKenzie of Cassopolis,mon ragweed, pigeon grass or foxtail, member of the Cass ounty Farm Bu-quackgrass, corn cockle, India must. rea , entered 23 litters totaling 163ard, perennial sowthistle, oxeye daiSY,] pigs. At 180 days the pigs averagedJohnson grass, lespedeza sericea, bind- 1 4 lbs. The litters averaged 1,304weed, sweet clover, American dragon- lbs. Mr. 1cKenzie placed 13th.head mint, Canada thistle, horse net- Wilbur Haskins of Osseo, membertie, leafy spurge, perennial pepper of the Hillsdale County Farm Bureau,grass or White-top, timothy, and oats. entered three litters totaling 27 pigs.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ At 1 0 days the pigs ~eraged 169%lbs. The litters averaged 1,560 lbs.Mr. Haskins placed 14th.

John Rockeline of Leonidas, St.Joseph county, placed first. He enter-ed four litters having an averagefarrowing date of March 27, and mar-keted 34 pigs. He sold them at fivemonths and one day. They averaged199 Ibs. Mr. Rockeline's entry, pro-jected to 180 days, credited the pigswith an average weight of 256% lbs.for that period, and the litters with anaverage weight of 2,180 lbs,

Thirty contestants from 12 countiesentered the 1939 contest. Twentyturned in final weights. All contest-ants were outstanding in the methodsand practices used. The same projectis being conducted in 1940. Farmershaving three or more sows to farroware encouraged to enroll in theproject. Write H. F. loxley, AnimalHu bandry Dep't of the MichiganState College at East Lan lng, or seeyour county agricultural agent for acopy of the rules and an entry blank.

aril T r

Good Ideas to be PresentedDuring Week of Co-op

Institute

Four Place in First Fifteen RisesIn 1939 Spring Pig

ContestSeeds of most weeds die after a fewweeks in the silo, according to T. E.Woodward of the Federal Bureau ofDairy Industry at Washington. Mr.Woodward made this discovery in aside-line experiment while he was try-ing out different methods of makinghay and grass silage.

Thus, the advantage of weed con-'trol may be added to the many otheradvantages of siloing hay crops, Wood-ward says. When a crop is made intohay weed seeds present are spread tothe farm land in barnyard manure.

In making his ensilage and weedseeds experiments, Mr. Woodwardburied 26 different kinds of seeds(common weed seeds and some of thefarm crops) in separate bags in thesilage while the silo was being filled.The seeds were buried at variousdepths, from 14 to 30 feet below thesurface, and in silages of differentmoisture content.

Over a period of three years heused corn, alfalfa and grass-and-alfalfasilage, made with and without theaddition of molasses. As the silagewas fed out, the seeds were recoveredand tested for germination along with

Directors, managers and membersof any type of farmers' co-operativein Michigan can look forward to theweek of July 8-12 at East Lansing.

They are interested in building uptheir .business, establishing soundcredit practices, and in many othermatters that must be handled right inthe successful conduct of a business.

July 8-12 is the week Michigan StateCollege, and all farmers' co-operativesin this state will entertain the 16thannual session of the American In-stitute of Co-operation.

There are 10,000 farm co-operativesin the United States. Some 3,000representatives will be in attendancefOIl the institute. From this group,and from the colleges, Farm CreditAdministration and other places willcome the institute speakers. Theyare men who have been thinkers anddoers in their field as local managersor as state, regional or national man-agers. Others are specialists in thefields of sales promotion, advertising,and so one.

There will be series of daily in-dustry programs for all branches ofthe co-operative milk industry; forthe live stock groups; for gain andbean elevator interests; fruit andvegetable growers; poultry and egginterests; sugar beet growers; and forfarm supplies organizations. Certainprograms such as advertising, salespromotion, membership relations and Aothers will apply to all groups.

The institute will be an opportunity.Visitors may pick the programs they

want to hear. They can hear some ofthe best men in that particular field D'bbl fth M' hiand enter into the discussion after- C. B. 1 eo. e. IC igan State

d Th' . th fi ttl' the in College staff says It IS far more Im-war. 'IS IS e rs me • "tit t h t MI'chI'gan I portant to prevent breeding of fltess 1 u e as come 0 . h't .

Co-operative leaders will be here t an 1 IS to. wave a swatter. Offrom nearly every state. Within Mich- ?ou.rdse hhehadmlts tbhat once they ~reigan every county will have an in- mSI e t ~ ouse or arn the.n swattingterest, for Michigan has 350 farm co. or spr~ymg has so~e mertt.operatives doing an annual business If .gIve~ opportumty, a new hatchof $80,000,000 in farm produce sold of flies '~Ill appear ever~ thr~e .daysand farm supplies purchased for mem- from Aprtl to ovember III Michigan,bel'S and others. according to Dibble.

A printed program for the institute . Trash ~r decaying or~anic matterwill oe available soon, from the Mich- IS responsfble for most fhes. S? nowigan State College Economics Dep't, is a good ~ime to do some cleanmg upor from any farm co-operative. The as able smg for both household andmeetings are open to the farm public. barnyard, the entomologist reports.

Michigan committees named to Straw stacks ought to be capped sosmooth out plans and programs, in- that they shed water, for moisture isclude the executive committee headed one of the necessities for rearing newby C. L. Brody, Lansing, of the State crops of flies. Manure should be haul-Farm Bureau; R. V. Gunn, East Lans- ed frequently and spread thin so thatsing, secretary, and Michlgan State it is dried quickly. Garbage ought to beCollege economist; N. P. Hull of Lans- kept covered, or if buried, should being of the Michigan Milk Producers a foot under the soil surface.association; Neil Bass, Lansing, Mich- Milkhouses, homes, and other build-Igan Elevator Exchange; Elmer Beam- ings ought to be screened if possible.er, Lansing, state commissioner of Dry feed lots help control the pests,agriculture; G. S. Coffman, Coldwater, for if wet feed lies around on thedirector of the Mid West Creameries; ground a breeding place is set up forand Carl Buskirk, Paw Paw, repre- flies. Dibble recommends a feed lotsenting fruit industries. that can be washed off if refuse col-

On the Michigan finance committee lects.are A. B. Love, chairman, of the Mich- So that is his recipe for fewer flies.igan 'State College economics staff; Cleanliness, he promises, is far moreMr. Bass and Mr. Brody. important than flypaper, traps or swat-

T·he Michigan program committee ters. One other pointer is that theis headed by Dr. H. S. Patton of the use of lime in refuse is not a preven-college economics department, and tive, but that a sprinkling of boraxMr. Hull, Mr. Brody and Mr. Beamer. will prove effective.The facilities committee includes R.W. Tenny and Arthur Howland of the For hauling a ton of freight onecollege staff and Jack Yaeger, Lans- mile, the railroads now receive 24 pering, State Farm Bureau. cent less than they did in 1921.

FLY CONTROLMEASURES AREEFFECTIVE

GOV'T 0 EDGEREVEALS EXTEOF SO 0 S

Few Practices Do MuchTo Eliminate Breeding

Places

Takes 100,000 Yds. of BerrienCo. Topsoil from St. Joe

Harbor Each Spring

John G. Woodman, county agr'lagent for VanBuren county, notes therelationship between the governmentdredge General Meade in St. Josephriver harbor each spring and the loss-es to orchards and fields in the st.Joe watershed through erosion.

The coming of the General Meadeeach spring should be of great interestto farmers and fruit growers, saidMr. Woodman. n its work of main-taining a 21 foot channel in St. Joeriver harbor, the General Meade re-moves 100,000 cubic yards of what wasonce rich topsoil from orchards andfields to a watery grave in Lake Mich-igan.

$20,000 Dredging ExpenseThe value of the top soil is great

indeed. It won't be replaced soon.Furthermore, it costs about $20,000 ayear to have it removed from the har-bor.

The amount removed by the GeneralMeade represents only a small partof the actual soil loss suffered by thegrowers. Much of it is retained be-hind the dam at Berrien Springs. Intime the storage capacity of this damwill be materially reduced by the ac-cumulation of rich farm soil. Thecoarser material is laid down in sandor gravel bars in the river channelso that where river boats once travel-led a canoe cannot travel without dif-ficulty today. The most valuable partof the soil is carried directly intoLake Michigan because it is light andfine enough to remain in suspensionfor the entire trip from the erodedfield or orchard into Lake Michigan.

At Flood StagesMeasurements taken at Somer ley ton

Bridge by the local Soil Con ervationService office during February 1937indicated that 23,630 tons of top soilwas passing under the bridge each 24hours. The river remained in thissame condition for approximately fourdays. This daily soil load in the riveris enough soil to fill a string of 2-tondump trucks, bumper to bumper,reaching from Benton Harbor to Kala-mazoo.

This enormous soil loss can be ma-terially reduced by using more vege-tation in the fields. More special ero-sion control practices such as contourplanting of fruit, strip cropping, ter-racing, and reforesting will reduce thesoil load in our streams to a minimum.

For further information regardingthe control of soil erosion see yourlocal county agent or local erosioncontrol office.

Fewer persons lost their lives inrailroad accidents in 1939 than inany year since the Interstate Com-merce Commission began the compil-ation of these reports in 188 .

Folks eWho FarrnJoi ed t

In the last day' of April and tho'F'arru Bureau members had a part in one f thetumble legi rlative battle'.' 'C n in thc Hous oftim. The row is over amendments to th " rag S - Hours t tprovide c. emption' for WOl+ rs proce sin Y' farm product and illcertain other lin s, '

The American Farm Bureau, Michigan and other State FarmBureau got up off the floor after being Inoel eel almo: told bthe def at of their ard 11 amendm nts. 'I'hey rose to see t hHouse attach the main id a' of the Barden proposals to admini 'ha-tion amendm nts off red by Rep, or'ton.

t nder the Bar den amendments the Farm Bureau asl ed thatex .mptious ~e granted in agr'l proce ing and canning ir:dustrip"that iomething be done about rath r unworl ahle exem phon' nogranted in "areas of production ", a' d fined by the wa ,s andhour. administra.tion. 'I he Bureau has held that a "age and hourrat and work day cut to fit manuf'aeturing and distribution isimpracticabI in handling farm products and that th producerscan't afford it.

The Stat Farm Bureau, lounty and ommunity Farm Bureauofficers and ] gislat iv minute men wrote more than 400 personal1 tt rs to Michigan concressmen and to Rep. Graham Barden itsupport of the Bard n arnendm nts. Farm Bureau mcmbi rs in othe'tate' wrote their congre smen.

Admini .tration fore s, h ad: d by H p. l\Iary orton of theHous labor committ made eery eff'ort to prevent the Bardenamendment' from r aching the floor, but the Hous demanded them.

fter three day: debate th amendments were so changed that Rep.Bard n di owned them and they were voted out. t th last theBard n amendments had b n threatened with a certain presid mtialveto.

P rhaps the House out-smarted the administra tion. 1.'01' when1\11':. T rt on's mild amendments appeared as an administrat ionmeasure, th y W I' •.addled •.fa ~ 2 with amendments e. emptingall workers proc ss ina' or canning- fruits and vegetables. Til.area of produ tion clause was abolish d. 'I'his i' said to e ctendagr'l exemption.' in a large way. Mrs. Torton has disown d 11 'ramendm nts, but her administratioi measure i now on its way tothe ~cnatc, carrying the exemptions a. ked by the F'arm Bureau..----------------

have assumed to speak for the grow-ers too. To offset their efforts, the

merican Iiarm Bureau and StateFarm Bureaus, including Michigan,took th cas back to be grow r.and asked them to writ th ir Con-gressmen.

The Michigan State Farm Bur usaid in explaining the proposed mar-keting agre ment for fruits and veg-etables:

How it Would WorkA Marketing A r em nt is simply

a v hicle whereby authority wouldbe vested in the D partment of Agri-culture, upon the request of a major-ity of producers and a majority ofprocessors, or by producers alone iftwo-thirds so request, to bring togeth-er the grower and processor andhave them jointly develop an order-ly marketing program.

After hearings have been held andsuch a program agreed upon, theDepartment of Agriculture wouldhave the authority to put an admin-istrator in to enforce the program.Making this poss ble und r the law, ifand when it is desired, is the pur-pose of the present pending amend-ment to the Marketing AgreementsAct of 1937.

Until such an am ndment i8 includ-ed in the Act there is no hope of g t·ting the fruit and vegetabl proces-sors and produc 1"8 together, and

(Continued on page 3.)

Fruit Marketing AgreementMichigan farmers, particularily

cherry growers. are int rested in theeffort to amend the AA arketlngAgreements Act to authorize market-ing agreements for fruit and vege-tables grown for canning and pro-cessing.

Gillette Bill S-3426 and Jones BillHR-6208 are companion bills nowin the Senate and House agriculturalcommittees to provide a marketingagreements section of the A A forfruits and vegetables. The State,County and Community Farm Bur-eaus and legislative minute men in. Iichigan gave the Gillette bill con-siderable support by letter in earlyApril.

In late April the Jones bill wasscheduled for hearings before theHouse committee on agriculture.Michigan Farm Bureau legislativeminute men and Farm Bureau groupsagain went to the aid of the I gisla-tion with scores of letters urgingsupport.

Canners Say Too MuchThe present Marketing Agreement

Act is limited to a few commodities,including cotton, wheat, tobacco andrice. The situation of the Michigancherry industry has been critical.Cherry growers are interested in amarketing agreement. As usual thecanners are fighting a marketingagreement for canning crops, they

ureauBAY CITY R-3

Gottleib StreiterTHREE OAKS

Rollin Ackerman Fred Long. James Cornelius Fred E. Sc.helley

J. S. Dawson &. Son Joseph SmithJohn Hoven

THREE OAKS R-1F. W. Gluth &. Son Lawrence KramerFred Hoadley

THREE OAKS R-2John Cameron Oscar MartinC. Klinke Vieva C. Pardee

WATERVLIETOscar J. Smith

WATERVLIET R-1Harvey Bauschke Hart and Son

WATERVLIET R-2Alfrod Butzbach Ivan D. Wigent

SOUTH BEND, INDIANAIsaac M. Wells

CALHOUN COUNTYALBION R-1

Don C. SweeneyALBION R-4

Henry BundayBATTLE CREEK R-1

Julius PaulBATTLE CREEK R-2

Floyd L. FoxBATTLE CREEK R-4

Orville C. DamonBATTLE CREEK R·7

Frank Brunt Randolph RussellWm. P. Midlam

CERESCOClaud W. Fanning

CLIMAX R-1Lee HiSCOCk Earl J. Seaver

EAST LEROYEd Cuthbert

EAST LEROY R-1Francis O!Heran Clark TullerDonald G. Thompson

HOMERGeo. W. Feighner R. E. Patch

HOMER R-1Melvin &. Dorothy T. B. Shaffer

Avery Frank TraderClinton Gridley Geo. Weiss, Jr.

HOMER R-2Neal Dolph John ProcupileH. L. Findley

HOMER R-3Seth McAllister

MARSHALLRalph Thoma.

+,--------------------------:---

There are 694 Familiesin T is Group Louis

BERRIEN COUNTYBAINBRIDGE

Gelder &. SonBARODA

Lloyd Wetzel

Clarence Butzback P. D. PitcherColoma Orchard Co.

COLOMA R-2Andrew Graham Leslie Schmuhl

,COLOMA R-3 .E. A. Carter Joe Galpa

DOWAGIAC R-4Emma C. Munson

EAU CLAIREC. B. Cassiday W. W. Keigley

EAU CLAIRE R-1Gail Handy Stanley SmithA. Schoenfeld &. Son

EAU CLAIRE R-2F. Benson Hall

GALIENLeonard &. Dwight Babcock

GALIEN R-1Beryl Bowker

HARBERTThomas R. Glavin Seeder Brothers

LAKESIDER. L. Wire

NEW BUFFALOGeo. Behner &. Son J. E. Myers

NEW TROYDean Morley

Another 418 Families Who Joined During AprilWill, be Presented in the June

Edition of the ews•The Michigan State Farm Bureau Benwelcomed to membership 694 familiesduring the month of March. Welist the new members and their Coun-ty Farm Bureaus, and their homesin this column.

..

Edi or's Note-. Iembersblp in theFa Bureau is a family member-ship. Husband or wife may vote themembership in meeting. Each hasall the privileges of membership. Ac-cordlnglv, many write their member-ships as "George Adams & wife" or",Ir. & • Irs. Donald Miller" or "l\fr.& .Irs. H. F. Bowers & Son." Alarge share of the memberships arewitten in that way. In fact, that'sw they all mean. However, inreporting new m rnbershtps in thiscolumn, we re unable to squeezeinto the length of line available for'each name the complete informationset forth above. o. when we reportthe new membership for GeorgeAdams, we mean Mr. and l\Irs.George dams.

BARRY COUNTYBELLEVUE

Glenn R. BrownHASTINGS

Allen MeDon ld

E. F. FastMyron Miller

BARODA R·1E. LaMunion August Totzke

BENTON HARBORIrving Horton John P. O'BrienJohn Mess

BENTON HARBOR R·1A. Dominy Noble WellsA. C. Kent

BENTONDon Hamilton

BENTONBroderiCk Bros.G. R. ClossonDennis. Horan

BERRIEN CENTER R-1Chas. A. Dean Miles W. SkinnerEdward Haskins Carl SommersVere Ireland Clifford YoungC. W. Shafer

BERRIEN SPRINGSWalter H. Eidson Henry A. ZechWalter Rudowske

BERRIEN SPRINGS R-1Ray Birdsey Peter KoehlerHenry Heimbuch Clyde LemonArthur Hetler Earl MitchellV. O. Koebel Herman C. Radtlce

BERRIEN SPRINGS R.2Bert Cable Arnold KolbergMax Calderwood J. M. LaPointeAnton Christe Lyle MorrisJack Dean Richard Prillwitz

BUCHANANChas. Bauman Fred SamsonRichard Blombard

BUCHANAN R-2Martin Gilbert

BUCHANAN R-3St. Joe Valley Creamery Co.

COLOMARoy Luhens Reuben WendzelJohn A. Rorick Chaa. F. WoodsFred Warman Glenn A. Yund

COLOMA R-1Chas. E. Arent Leon DolezanBernard Bachman Harry HoweMrs. Peter Becker Fred LombardAdam Brin.y We ley Miller

HARBOR R-2Walter Schmuhl

HARBOR R-3Arthur EdinboroughE. J. O'Brien

MARSHALL R.1B. E. Henry Frank Van VoorhiesEarl B. Reagle

MARSHALL R-2Ralph Mills

MARSHALL R-3

EDWARDSBURGW. J. Dempsey Otis D. SmithC. W. Landis William ThatcherEdgar Nivens

EDWARDSBURG R-1J. B. Hadden

EDWARDSBURG R·2Ronald Cardevaant O. A. FiedlerZyg Dryer Ray Weatfall

EAU CLAIRE R-2Frank Burkett

NILES R.1Wm. A. Bradford Walter Kauteroskl

NILES R-3Guy A. Swift

THREE RIVER R-3Leonard C. Norton &. Son

VANDALtA R-2Frank Breseman

CLINTO COU TVDEWITT A.1

H. S. Bedaine Donald illerH. F. Bowers

LSIEAllen B. Gibson Chal. H. RanneyW. S. Lusk

, HASTINGS R-1B. Brown

HASTINGS R.3Walter E. Culbert Chas. NorrisLawrence Forrell

HASTINGS R-5John S. Bechtel Gerald Hine.Geo. Crakes

MIDDLEVILLEWm. Cridler Oscar Finkbeiner

MIDDLEVILLE R-1Geo. Adams Clyde GrummetFred Aubel Oscar KaecheleB. M. Carpenter Ralph KenyonGrover Cline Earl KermeenGuy Cline Floyd NoffkeGeo. Davis Noah ScheidelC. M. French Wm. Trumble

MIDDLEVILLE R-2M. G. Bedford Howard M. SmithChas. &. W. D. Ernest Vermeulen

CamDbell Fred WirengaJ. M. Potts

MIDDLEVILLE R.3Walter Bender

NASHVILLE R·1Nelson Brumm Ernie SkidmoreDon. &. Elgin Mead

NASHVILLE Pt-2John T. Maurer Sidney StantonClarence R. Shaw

NASHVILLE R-3Clayton Decker

WOODLAND R.1Fred Geiger

NILESWm. Womer

BAY COUNTYAUBURN R·2

Otto Kreuger

NILES R-2Robert A. File Verlin M. Williams

NILES R·3Edward S. Bunbury E. W. SchadlerErnest Herman Henry SnouwaertRalph Madison A. D. White

NILES R-4H. B. Ostrander John V. Weaver

SODUSJas. SmirniotisSodus Fruit Exch.Noble O. Walcott

SODUS R-1L. Glade &. Son W. F. Michael

STEVENSVILLE R-1Wm. C. Heyn, Sr. Frank Klackle

ST. JOSEPHM. P. Dwan

ST. JOSEPH R-1John Diederick Harry T. Gast

ST. JOSEPH R-2Frank O. Bender Dr. Fred M. MillerHarry Bort Roscoe MillerGeiller &. Moyer Otto Vetter

FarmChas. Kugel

Otto CookMARSHALL R·4

Fay Owens H. R. WestForrest Wagner

SPRINGPORT R-2Wm. A. Stark

TEKONSHA R·1Warren J. Clark Carl Shumway

UNION CITY R-2Byron Hamma

SPRI NGPORT R.2George Fouracre

CASS COUNTYCASSOPOLIS

Ed. &. Wm. Gardner Anton KarasonRollan Jones

CASSOPOLIS R-1Paul File P. H. LangenbahmThomas Howley Olivia SouthworthPaul Jessup &. B. E. PhillipsRalph L. Jones C. O. Stevens

CASSOPOLIS R-2Don S. Morse Joseph NemethFrank Nemeth E. A. Turpin

CASSOPOLIS R-3Kathryn A. Powell

CASSOPOLIS R-4H. E. Aldrich Ben H. GleasonC. A. Dixon &. Clarence L. Gleason

C. E. Warrell Fred E. WrightTerry Fisher

DECATUR R-3N. C. Everett E. Rutherford &. SonCecil R. Haefner J. M. Stafford

DOWAGIACChas. M. Myer Leo ParkerW. J. Myers J. W. Phillips

DOWAGIAC R-1Adolph Arndt Edna &. GlenB. J. Opfell Phillips

D. RynsburgerDOWAGIAC R-2

Arthur J. Dennis H. McCuen &. onF. A. Limbeck Millard A. Phillips

DOWAGIAC R-3Karl R. Bakeman , Earl ShearerGeo. W. Jones Earl R. Williams

DOWAGIAC R-4Adolph Bandwock Fred J. HolleDr. Alice Conklin Walter LeitzCora Criffleld R. B. Mill r

JONESN. H. Backs Jon s Co.op As 'n,

L. K. Scutt, S.c'yPerry Whited

JONES R-1LeRoy W. Bent Will HuntWalter Born Tony LampenGeorge Frank Jay Wheeler

MARCELLUSLee Manning &. Son Riley W. Pile

MARCELLUS R-1Ed. Bainbridge Lyle Castner&. Son

MARCELLU R-2Samuel Baer Cecil R. WaltzHarold Swartz

MARCELLUS R.aHenry Knight

NILESDan Tuesley

D. H. CaseMerrill S. FullerSam Hull

wo MICHIGAN

Michigan Farm Bureau Newa, foundedJanuary 12, 1923

12, 1923. at the po t-l1chlgan, under the Act of March a, 111••

PubUahed fir.t turday of each month by the Michigan State Farmure u at Ita publication office at 114 l~vett Bt., Charlotte, Miehlpn.

Editorial and general offices, 221 North Cedar St., Lansing, :MIchigan.Postoffice Box 960. Telephone, Lansing 21-271.

.......... Editor and Business Manager

25 cents per year; 4 years for $I, In advance.

SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1940 No.5Vol. XVIII

r d Agreement?Friday, April 5, Congress adopted an act which

extends for three years the authority of the U. S. StateDepartment to negotiate reciprocal trade agreementswith other nations.

In making the extension, a majority in Congressagreed with the State Department that there should beno amendments requiring the Department to ask theapproval of other cabinet officers, or the approval of theSenate before a trade agreement is completed withanother nation.

The Farm Bureau asked that the approval of theSecretaries of Agriculture and Commerce be requiredin order to give agriculture and industry a voice in diplo-matic proceedings for the restoration of trade abroad.But, Congress said no.

About the time Congress was making its decision,Wallaces Farmer & Iowa Homestead was asking Iowafarmer what they think about Secretary Hull's recipro-cal trade agrements.

They weren't excited. About half of Iowa farmersinterviewed said the trade agreements are of no par-ticular interest to them. Have' em or not, as you like.Twenty-seven per cent wanted the agreements programcontined. Twenty-eight per cent of Iowa farmers inter-viewed wanted the agreements cancelled, or at least re-vised.

On top of the Iowa farm view, Wallaces Farmerobserves that the reciprocal trade agreements have beenscuttled by the war. As long as the war lasts, thenations will be on a barter basis when they can trade.But, after the war, the situation will be different. Per-haps then the trade agreements negotiated will help theUnit d States get a good share of the world trade andhelp get world trade as a whole back on a better basis.

T e Associated Womensf the

•mertcan Farm BureauMr•• Pearl E. Myu., Director lor Michigan

CONFERENCE AMES .'----..-". -....- ..:...--PERMANENT COMMITTEES THOSE ATTENDING

The April 25 conference was called THE CONFERENCEby' r. Pearl Myu. It was attended Those at the April 25 conferenceIby 20 ladie. T·he problems discussed were: Mrs. Cecile O'Brien of Jacksonwere later placed in charge of perman- R-3, .Mrs. Ruth Day of Clarke Lake,ent confer nee committees, as follows: and Mrs. Zora Cuff of Jackson R-8,

Publicity, Mr . Emma Porter, chair- all of Jackson county; rs. Emmaman, I. peer county; Farm Bureau Porter of Dryden, Mrs. Ruth Wendell

omen' Speakin Contest, Mrs. Ruth and Mrs. Ervin Haskill of Lapeer, allWendel, chair~~n, Lapeer count~; of Lapeer county; Mrs. Carl Buskirk

u ie, Mrs. William Sherman, ~h.all>-and Mrs. George Schultz, both of Pawm n, Shiawas~ee count~; Advertlsl~g, Paw, VanBuren county; Mrs. Carrie

1'8. Ray eikirk, chairman, Gratiot Lawcock and Mrs. W111iam Shermancounty. f V Sh' t MPUaLIC PEAKING 0 erno?, Iaw~ssee coun y; .rs.CONTEST MATERIAL Iva M. Ml1ler and Mrs. Mallory Btick-

Profes or Orion Ulrey of the Mich- ney of Clarkston, both of. Oakland. county; Mrs. Ray elklrk, Mrs.

Igan State College led a discusston H d K . k d M Z B bQU education. Mr. Ulrey also gave owar rIC . an .rs. ona ee eeach lady a list of material sources all of St. L?~IS, GratIot county; Mrs.that would be useful in preparing a, E?ward WeIrIch of Shelby, Mrs. J. H.paper on Producer-Consumer Rela- BIrdsall of Pentwater, Mrs. Forresttlons, subject for the 1940 Farm Bu- Dunham of Shelby, all of Oceanareau women's speaking contest. county.; Mrs. Ernest Schwass ofCOMMUNITY GROUP Scottville and Mrs. Harold O. FitchACTIVITIES of Ludington, Mason county.

'Mrs. George Schultz reported that HOW TO ADVERTISEthe Sodus Community Farm Bureau OUR FARM PRODUCTSin Berrien county is sponsoring a Boy Dear Farm Bureau Workers: tScout group. Mrs. Carl Buskirk said the April 25th meeting of Michiganthat Paw Paw Community Farm Bu- Farm Bureau Women it was to doreau in Van Buren county is working something to advertise our farmwith the Kellogg Foundation. Mrs. products. But what?Forrest Dunham said the Shelby Com- Please discuss this at your localmunity Farm Bur au in Oceana coun- meetings and let me know what yourty has an advertising project under group think can be done, especiallyway for local farm products; irs. where substitutes are used.J. H. !Birdsall aid th ir group in It was also decided to have aOceana county had spon ored a Farm- reclpe or two printed in each numer-Busine men's luncheon. bel' of the Farm ews.

The ne t conferenc of the oci- So will each group please send meated omen of the Michigan tate some recipes featuring' ichigan farmFarm Bureau will b h ld at Lansing, products so we can have some forThursd y, Ocober 17. The subject for next month?the meeting will be group hospitaliza-tion.

Mrs. Ray eikirk,St. Louis, Mich, R. 1.

n Program ofar Bureau

time education can be correlated withpart time job ; students may be tudy-ing a vocation part of the time andactually getting experience in the vo-cation in HIe field vhile on that parttil 1 job.

'I'here is a great deal more thatcould De presented as background ma-terial 011 our young people, but theabove hould give somewhat of astart on this very important pha e ofour civilization, the training, thehealth, and the employment of ouryoun .er geuer tion.

JUNE'S DISCUSSION TOPICTe t month's topic for discussion in

Community Farm Bureau group is"Culture in gr! ulture" or "Pride inOne's raft."

Sheep ShearingEach season has a character by which we hold it dearAnd there's some presiding genius for e,ch separate time of year.Herman Strauss, that honest Dutchman, with his chuckle vast and deepUsed to range the length of Hicks Street every springtime, shearing heep.And his coming was a symbol of the erstwhile May time sceneJust as truly as the gamboling of the lambs upon the green.

I can see his florid features and his twinkling eyes of blueAnd his crooked stemmed old briar with the bit chewed half in two;I can smell his greasy costume, reeking of a thousand fleeces.I recall his cheeks crowfooted in a maze of merry creases,And the glad anticipation that his coming would arouseIn the hearts of all the children-for they loved old Herman Strauss.

Herman's days were full of stories, sad and Jolly, old and new.And his talk was so incessant that he needed listening to.We would make our preparations very simply, he and I,Two sawhorses and the dumpboards, with a barrel standing by.From his pocket comes a bundle now, and now we all beholdTwo pairs of gleaming sheep shears and an oilstone worn and old

Which now he places on the bench and strokes each parted bladeIn the deep crease across the stone which just such strokes have made.He plcks a snorting wether up and with a practiced swingDeposits him upon the bench alarmed and struggling.But under Herman's greasy sleeve soon as his head is bentThat sheep is putty in his hands and lolls there quite content.

With clip-clip· clip of Herman's shears and clatter of his tongueThe yellow lined warm woolly coat in loosened folds is flung,And soon it spreads upon the bench as with a bounding leapThe wether spurns the stable sill-the season's first horn sheep.And Herman seizes number two, While I with busy careArrange the fleece of number one upon the wool box there.

Oh, every season, as it comes, brings characteristic joys;Old Herman Strauss is in his grave, yet still I hear his voice;And still I hear the children laugh to see the heep set free;Each tiniest detail of it all comes surging back to me.These new power clippers do it fast, and just as well, I know,But I like to think of Herman Strauss and the days of long ago.

OCEANA COUNTYHART R-1

Vernon Walker E. E. Win hipHART R·3

Byron MayHESPERIA R·2

Geo. WilliamsonHESPERIA R·3

F. FoggMONTAGUE R·1

Geo. &. Brown &. Sam KennethThos. Fordham

NEW ERALynn Lewis

NEW ERA R·1Geo. Grasmeyer RobertMunson Bros.

NEW ERA R-2Maurice Lankfer

PENTWATER R-1Marshall H. Paulson

ROTHBURYWorrie Van Dyke

ROTHBURY R-1Frank- Benovic Fred Van DulnenWilliam Elkie &. Son

SHELBYJohn Bender Loran A. Mill r

SHELBY R-1Morningstar OrchardsEmil Studar

SHELBY R-2Wm. Baade Grover BrothersJesse Bonham John HustonR. Burmeister Oscar Mauk

SHELBY R-3Peter Burmeister

WALKERVILLEThomas Johnston

SAGINAW COUNTYFREELAND

Thomas LeamanSAGINAW STORE

FREELAND R.3Wm. J. Kirchner

SAGINAWSag. Co. Jr. Farm Bureau

SAGINAW R·2Joseph Galganski

SAGINAW R-5Carl Sieggreen

SAGINAW R·&Walter Marti

SAGINAW R·7 W. S.Norman Priem

ST. CLAIR COUNTYEMMETT

Frank PierceYALE

John Black

Bureau,

They Jo·nedFarm. Bureauin March

(Continued from Page 1.)

FOWLER R·2Clarence Damon Wm. HufnagelFrank E. Fedewa Leo Walker

HUBBARDSTONE. P. Robert &. Leslie Moore

LANSING R.4Howard Borton Henry Wohlert

OVIDWilbur A. Durkee Wm. H. RhodesA. J. Kelley

OVID R-1Ward Warren

OVID R-2John &. Helen Bracy E. H. SchultzHarold Frisbie Glen WisnerClyde Morrill

PEWAMO R·1Lee Kellam Geo. P. ThelenAndrew Schneider William ThelenBernard Simon

PORTLAND R-2Fred Knoop John J. Pohl

ST. JOHNSA. E. Moore Clarence W. Neller

ST. JOHNS R-1W. G. &. Roy G. Campbell &. Son

Anderson H. Redman &. SonST. JOHNS R·2

C. H. Hicks &. Son Oliver KnightST. JOHNS R-4

Robert IrrerST. JOHNS R-5

J. Montague &. Son Ward WyrickD. E. Shumaker

ST. JOHNS R-6F. G. Henderson E. C. NorrisByron E. Kissane

GENESEE COUNTYSWARTZ CREEK R·1

Thos. &. Walter Mitchell

GRATIOT COUNTYALMA R-1

E. O. Anderson G. O. BloomquistBRECKENRIDGE

Robert L. Baldwin E. E. PetersonE. A. Crawford N. J. Roth

BRECKENRIDGE R-1C. L. Baxter Holton Cecil &. SonW. M. Fuhrman Emil NagelHugh A. Hollenbeck

BRECKENRIDGE R-2George Coston

ITHACA R-3Lester J. Allen A. Humm and Son

ST. LOUIS R-1Reuben Raske

WHEELER R-1Dana Skeen

WHEELER R·2Bruce Butcher C. A. RhoadsPearl Carter Lloyd ShankelClaude Oakes

HILLSDALE COUNTYHILLSDALE

J. Falley Ball Walter J. RawsonA. J. Emens M. F. Van Hoosear

HILLSDALE R·1W. M. Galzen

HILLSDALE R-3Willis Tew Burr Tucker

JONESVILLEHarry Godfrey Varren Invest. Co.D. E. Spotts (Richard S. Varren)

JONESVI LLE R-1Anton J. Morgan C. Thompson

JONESVILLE R·2Chas. A. Borden J. G. Leatherman

JONESVILLE R-3Alger Baker Sheeley Bros.Earl F. LaCare (Merritt Sheeley)Ruben Moulton Leo Van Allen

LITCHFIELDFloyd Anderson Clark SinclairHenry Dutka Simpson Ely Co.Charles Faulkner Jay WhiteCyril Frid

LITCHFIELD R·1Andy Adams

OSSEO R·1Hugh Britton Carter ReamerM. L. Gilbert Z. B. WaltonTed M. Kelly

OSSEO R·2

LESLIE R-2Clarence H. Kilburn

MASONClark Bros. H. R. Taylor

MASON R-1Ethel M. Webb

MASON R-3Wm. M. Keller

OKEMOSJ. O. Grettenberger O. K. Grettenberger

WEBBERVILLE R·1B. D. Granger

IONIA COUNTYHUBBARDSTON

Handlon Bros.HUBBARDSTON R·1

Foster ThompsonIONIA

Floyd HammondMUIR

James McKeon Thomas RogersMUIR R-1

Jay Houk Edw. H. HummellPORTLAND

Alton GunnSUNFIELD

Fred Reahm

ISABELLA COUNTYBLANCHARD R-3

Gerald S. FullerMT. PLEASANT

Bert Bozer &. Son Leon McBrideE. J. Grambau Victor PohlGeorge Keiser W. E. Prescott

MT. PLEASANT R·1Joe Ballman Burdette O'ConnorL. Bierschbach Ernest PohlLloyd C. Grace Ralph PowellHerman Grinzinger E. Seybert &. SonMurphy Bros. Clayton D. Ward

MT. PLEASANT R-2Mildred Lueder erald D. Pope

MT. PLE SANT R-3Proctor Hill &. Son Verne StackmanMyron H. Maxwell

MT. PLEASANT R-4J. A. Brown &. Son Paul G. LangeF. H. Crawford J. G. MerrillLeonard Fertaw David P. SchechterG. &. N. Kennedy Fred Schlafley

MT. PLEASANT R·5William Thurston

ROSEBUSH R-1Dan Mogg

ROSEBUSH R-2Oliver House Ben H. Johns~on

SHEPHERD R·3Howard Kennedy F. W. Spencer

SHEPHERD R·4Chas. E. Wilson

WEIDMAN R·2Harry Van Auker

KALAMAZOO COUNTYSCHOOLCRAFT R-9

Maurice Harvey

LAPEER COUNTYALMONT

Spencer Bros.BROWN CITY

Ambrose KreinerBROWN CITY R·1

Orval Anderson John KoconCOLUMBIAVILLE R-2

Gorge S. SchanckDRYDEN

Muir Bros.DRYDEN R-1

Earl BraidwoodFOSTORIA

Henry WelkeGOODRICH R-1

A. H. Barber Merland GregoryGeo. H. Brigham

HADLEYH. A. Starr

IMLAY CITYReid Sisson

IMLAY CITY R-2Harley Terpenning

I,.APEERAnthony Kreiner

LAPEER R·1Henry Cuske Eddie HansenHarry Gardner R. W. MitchellM. P. Glassford Robert PhillipsRalph Grossbauer

LAPEER R-2Peter Skeberdis

LAPEER R-3Myron Babcock Carrol A. DehnertR. K. Booth David HalseyPhil Cronin Maynard Russell

LAPEER R-4Hugh F. Coulter E. V. NicholsonW. A. Green James PotterJoseph J. LaClaff

METAMORAFloyd Barber D. G. WillettRoy E. Best

METAMORA R-1Vern Corey Theodore PrattIra W. McClintie

METAMORA R-2Paul Groff

NORTH BRANCHWm. Rowell Lyle Russell

NORTH BRANCH R-2James Scrimger Clarence SpencerA. N. Seeley &. Son

NORTH BRANCH R-3Mary Bruman Ed. Seeley

OTTER LAKE R·1Frank E. Duryea

SILVERWOODHenry McLeod

LENAWEE COUNTYADRIAN R·2

Rufus &. Allen BakerElmer &. Dale Hostetler

ADRIAN R-3Willis L. Moore

ADRIAN R-4C. W. &. T. O. BrittainEdmund J. Harger J. R. Smith &. SonJesse F. Hoddinott

CADMUSC. R. &. R. W. Pott

TIPTONHoward Evans Roy C. Van Doren

YALE R-1Harry Leininger

ST. JOSEPH COUNTY. WHITE PIGEON R-2

Chas. C. Kline

TUSCOLA COUNTYAKRON

H. W. Barriger Louis SeveranceF. C. Burgess Theron SteeleC. E. Morton

AKRON R-1Theron Bedell Wm. ParttoFrank Biles Raymond RaylLyle Dean Wm. E. RohlfsJohn Fischer Ruppal Bros.Ralph Harrington W. R. TurnerWm. Leuenberger

AKRON R·2McPherson Bros. C. H. Nixon

CAROGeorge Bieth John SherdianCaro Motor Sales Gibs SmithB. B. Reavey

CARO R-1Ralph Brandmaier Joe RomainJohn Brinkman

CARO R-2Rex G. Griffin S. Lochkovic &. Son

FAIRGROVEWard H. Green E. E. JamesonMyron Hall &. Son

FAIRGROVE R-1J. T. Davis Robert KirkFred Finley W. J. KirkHerman Hadaway F. Parish &. Sons

FAI.RGROVE R-2A. Campbell Sons Merton Hall~i1ford ClIlbert Wm. ProfltEveritt Cramer

REESE R-2John Young

Oscar M. PI~I; VERWOOD

UNIONVILLE R-1Truman. Ackerman Carl RockstrohArnold Bell Walter StasikBush Bros. Elmer UhlArthur Eckfeld Ed. L. YonkeReithel Bros.

UNIONVILLE R·2Leonard Bell L.eo Ai ••sworthBen Sattell>urg

UNIONVILLE R-3John Bang W. H. KyserAlbert S. Baur- Wallace LouisEd. Baur Alfred StollMilton Baur Henry StollElmer Bitzer

VAN BUREN COUNTYBANGOR R-2

W. E. WestcottQECATUR

Ray L. SlackDOWAGIAC

Mqrion WilkinsonHARTFORD R.2

Rudy Kroboth

WASHTENAW COUNTYANN ARBOR R-2

Clinton J. LeslieDr. Lloyd G. Steiner &. Son

ANN ARBOR R-3Edward Hack Arthur G. SchairerElmer Myers Herbert Schairer

ANN ARBOR R-4John Frey E. E. Huss

ANN ARBOR R-5Emanuel Kapp

CHEl,SEAReuben Fritz Alvin ToneyLoui. Renz Irvin H. Weiss

CLINTON R-1Victor Berkich

DEXTERJohn Bauer Ellis Green 'Robert Ecktson Wm. Pidd

DEXTER R·1Wilbert Trinkle

SALINE R-1Gottlob HindererEd JohnsonEdwin Schill

SATURDAY, MAY 4. 1940

Fred ArendCarl W. CarrFred FinkbeinerAlbert E. Gall

YPSILANTI R·1John T •• Ackerman Sherman Dibble

BehindWeel

(Continue4 from DUe 1)er through the RE . Mr. Thompsonis mighty popular among them.

CHILDREN"Thirteen children and only one

our own," brought the question,"How come?".

Mrs. Arthur Squires said, "Yousee, we adopted 12." That was veryinteresting and of course the nextquestion had to do with attitudetowards the adopted children as com-pared to the one of their own fleshand blood. "We love them all alike",was the answer, "And now thatthey've all grown up but one and areaway from home, we're kind of lone-some."

All of us should take off our hatsto the Squires. Nowadays folks thinkone or two children are enough toworry about, say nothing of adoptinganother dozen and giving them all agood start in life.

The Squires farm is located in Fair-field Township in Shiawassee County.They are Farm Bureau members.

BASEBALLNow that the baseball season is

again under way, Mr. N. A. "Nick"Larson of Allegan County is showingfolks his autographed basball ofwhich he is very proud. Written onthat ball are all the names of theNew York Yankees including BillDickey, Lou Gehrig, Charles Ruffing,Joe DiMaggio, Monte pearson. RedRolfe, Bump Hadley, Lefty Gomezand others. Nick has the ball wrap-ped in cellophane. Woe be unto theman who mars its cover.

Just to prove his great interest inthe national pastime, Nick recites"Casey at The Bat" in a way thatcauses him to be called on at manya gathering.

SERVICEIt was about 20 years ago that a

group of farmers near Parma inJackson County decided to organizea co-operative elevator. When it cameto choosing a manager, they pickedFrank Gilmore, a hustling farmer inthe neighborhood. "At first" saysFrank in thinking back through theyears, "I was undecided but finallyaccepted and have never regrettedit." . Frank has been manager con-tinously for the 20 or more and hispatrons swear by him. There aren'tmany who satisfy the exacting pa-tronage of a co-operative for 20years at a stretch.

State Ranks 4thFor Alfalfa Seed

Michigan can well be proud of itsalfalfa seed producing industry, rank-ing fourth in the nation in 1939 witha crop worth an estimated $1,144,000.

Michigan Producers ofPULVERIZED LIMESTONE

LIMESTONE MEALAvailable At Your Nearest Dealer

Solvay Sales Corporation7501 W. Jefferson Ave.

DETROIT, MICH.

L

Ervin ListerREADING

Ralph K. DuryeaREADING R·2

Orison Cleveland, Jr.

HURON COUNTYBAD AXE

Farmers Elevator John C. Graham&. Prod. Co. John McKenzie

Lester Gingrich Robert RichardsonBAD AXE R·2

Earl JurgessBAD AXE R-3

Ed. McCreaBAY PORT

Paul BaurCASEVILLE

Richmond Bros.CASEVILLE R-1

Thomas Dubty &. SonELKTON

Dr. Mcllimurray Frank WakefieldELKTON R-2

Walter SchutteKINDE R-2

Glenn Wakefield Wm. SchramkePIGEON

Charles Anderson Adolph SchulzeH. F. Leipprandt Turner Brothers

PORT AUSTIN R-1Ben Walsh

UBLY R-1Henry Davison Art McKenzie

UBLY R-2Clarence Murray

INGHAM COUNTYDANSVILLE

Clarence Diehl &. SonEAST LANSING R-1

Otis E. ShearLANSING R-2

Harry Box C. H. KurtzLee J. Hewitt

LESLIEH. • Covort $on

MIDLAND COUNTYWHEELEI't R·1

William Boyle Lee WilliamsBRECKENRIDG "·1

Le,lie Tippin cI. SonsFOV -TM1 Joined F. ,in Mar~h

IG •1ft

pilot brand oyster sh 11 isnol only a dependably pureegg sh~ll lI\at~rial; but itaids digestion and furnishescalcium for body, bone andfeather malting.

Farm Bureau Stores and 'Co-opAss'ns sell Poultry anaStock feedsreinforced with VITAND VitaminSupplement. These feeds shouldbe better than the average qualitybecause VIT AND does not appealto the mixer who seeks only thecheapest ingredients.

VITAND contains' minimuxhs E>f-3,000 USP units of vitamin A and400 AOAC chick' units of vitaminD, per gram. Ask for PoultryFeeds containing VITAND.

NAPTBOLE, INC,BOONTON, N. J.

WHEN YOU WANT IT~AS YOU WANT IT •••

In these limes of ftuctuatinq mark ••• , why tie up your funds by buyinql<ugerquantities of Copper Sulphate than you need for your immediate use} !sn't it a beUer planto buy only as you need it and on the curren! m<uket aI the lime of your purchase? Yourloc:al Farm Bureau Aqeney has lCIrC)estocks of Unieo Brand Copper Sulphate of 99% purityon hand and can ALWAYS supply you althe prevailing LOWEST market price.

Un!co Brand Copper Sulphate •••available at yoUr local Farm Bureau AqeneyIn Instant. Snow. Crystala. Grcm~~ and Monohydrated form. . •

Valae ... LITTLE in Cost

L T LBrin ',., to the People oj fichilan the AdvantaKf>.

qf 1M ti9n- ',d8 lJell Telephone !.Y t lR"

FEW t~ings give you so much convenience, happiness andsecunty ... all rolled into one ... as your telephone. Tele-

~~one service in this country is not only exceptionally good . . .It s cheap. owhere else in the world do people get so muchand such good service at such low cost. Experienced manage..ment, trained and courteous people, and good equipment arethree important reasons for this fact.

SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1940

Products FromCornstalks

The following products have beenmanufactured from corn stalks throughchemical and other industrial process-es developed within the last few years,according to the Farm ChemurgicFoundation:

Alpha celluloseBuilding blocksCellulose acetate'ellulose nitrate

Cellulithharcoal

Diabetic foodDynamite absorbentFiberFuelFurfuralGun cottonLumber substitutesOxalic acidPaperPaper mac-hePulp boardPvroxyllt varnishRayonWall boardViscoseXylan

Employment inCo-operative Agriculiur.

tangible realms of cience and thhuman spirit. Tew Fa' of utilizingthe material resonrc s all about usnd learn in 0' etter to live and .ork

together confront u with ft ontier~hose horizons are limitle sand

whose accomplishm nt mean theeternal unfolding of human life andits possibilities.

( ontinued from page 4.) - so, I shall feel the attempt well worth land. He must get much better andticular or special line of training pre- while. I am cognizant of the possi- more effectively organized through co-dominating. Circumstances, tempera- bility that your youthfulness, and en- operatives to increase farm pricesment and de ire to progress and be thu iasm, unmarred by the vicissitudes and increase farm purchasing power,of service have all played a part. of the past may he a more accurate which is much safer for all business.There are probably as many or more guide for the future, for you will We have only made a start in mak-in high positions not occupied by largely be living in a much different ing the influence and power of thecollege graduates as there are world from the one in which I am farmer effective, because of the diffi-those of college training. Probably spending most of my life. culties encountered in handling thea few of the incumbents are not high The co-operative field itself may member relations within our co-opera-school graduates. Other things being and probably will be much different tives. An unlimited opportunity liesequal, however I would rate a col- than I have experienced. The demands here for some of our young peoplelege education as a very valuable and po sibilities of the future will having the unusual qualifications re-portion of the training of a prospective undoubtedly be so great in eompari- qulred.co-operative worker. son to those of the past twenty-flvs

years that the experiences of mycontemporaries and myself can atbest serve only as a partial founda-tion for the future. Research 'Work inagricultural science is constantly pro-ducing new crops, insecticides, fer-tilizer, and entirely new productsnever used before. New agriculturalpests are constantly bringing newsupplies into the inventories of ourco-operatives.

The co-operative marketing and pur-chasing possibilities of the farmershave not been even dented by our workof today. Progress has been made indeveloping contacts and bargainingpower in relation to the large combi-nations of capital in our country.

Entrenched influence and powerheld by the large corporations thoughis still throttling our progress. Thebig part of the job is yet to be done.Too much of the general businessstructure of our country still rests onthe explottation of the man on the

World Fair !fourThe Michigan Farmer and the

Michigan Stat Farm Bureau mem-bership relations dep't will co-operatein a week's tour to the World's fairat New York City by way of the NewYork Central railroad August 12-17Farm Week at the Fair. The cost ofthe all expense tour is $45.80 fromDetroit. Includes lodging and mealsat New York except two lunches andtwo dinners at the Fair Grounds. Adescriptive folder will be availableshortly.

•A well-governed mind Iearns in time

to find pleasure in nothing butthe true and the just.-Amiel.

Complete Your School WorkPlease do not interpret my remarks

as belittling a college education. Ihave only been pleading for the rightappraisal and application. By allmeans finish your course and get yourdegree whatever you expect to dolater. Graduation and getting yourdiploma marks the accomplishment ofone of the most important undertak-ings of your entire lifetime. Psycho-logically it will bring you satisfactionand self-confidence that will standyou in good stead throughout all theyears to follow. It will command re-spect from others and aid you inmaking contacts that otherwise mightbe impossible. That I believe this isindicated by the fact Ithalt I have used.the major part of my income the pastthirty years to give my own family acollege education. Don't let the wor-ries and difficulties of college lifeswerve you from your determinationto finish your course. By qulbtingcollege and attempting to take a shortcut you will be merely "flying to evilsyou know not of." I know many ofthe things I have said may not be ap-preciated by college students and itis not my purpose to make the roadappear more difficult than it really is.

I feel certain that some of thegreatest opportunities for service, ad-vancement and accomplishment thenext twenty-five years lie in the co-operative field. These range all theway from subordinate positions in of-fices, warehouses and local co-opera-tives to some of the best paid jobs inthe country with regional or nation-wide co-operative business organiza-tions.

Wool Oro'W'ersTake Advantale 01 tbePool MarketiD. Plan!

Shearing season is usually the most un-favorable time of the year to sell yourwool. By consigning to the MichiganCo-op Wool Marketi~ Association Poolyou can secure immediately 20¢ perlb. on medium wool. 16¢ per lb. onfine wool and 14¢ per lb. on fed lambwool. There will be a second advanceafter grading and you still retain youreqUity and when the wool is sold youwill receive all that it nets less these ad-vances. For sac-ks and shipping tags orfurther information write to theMICHIGAN CO-OP WOOL MKTG. ASS'N

• 221 N. Cedar Lansing, MiChigan

SERVING THE FEED INDUSTRY

DRIED SKIMMILKnried ButterDll1k

Dried Whe7Condensed ButterDli1k

Quotations Made to ElevatorsBy Wire or Mail

DRY MILK SALES DIVISION Great Advances Before UsI hope my effort will in some small

measure help you to avoid the pit-falls of post graduate experience. H

Lansing Michigan

ACT NOW!Lime your sour fields now and more profits areyours. Use your Soil Conservation Paymentsto best advantage by using FRANCE AGSTONE

•• A PROVEN PRODUCT

See Your Elevator Man or Farm Bureau

THE FRANCE STONE COMPANYMonroe, Michigan

Producer. of Ag.'one Meal. Pulverized Limestone,Hi-Calcium Hydrat« and Spraying Lime

IF YOU NEED ROAD SERVICE

Have you ever thought, "Ihave been driving for yearsand never have had a seriousaccident 1" This type ofthinking has lulled manysafe and sane drivers intobankruptcy. The most care-ful driver can become in-volved in a lawsuit that willwipe out his lifetime savingsin a twinkle of an eye unlesshe has GOOD INSURANCEPROTECTION.

State Farm's modern auto-mobile insurance protectsyou from the many unfore-seen hazards of driving anautomobile-and at a costsuitable to the average man'spocketbook.

All claims settled prompt-ly anywhere in the UnitedStates or Canada. Since or-ganization State Farm hassatisfactorily settled andp aid more than ~50,OOOclaims. -

Farm Mutu 1_Auto Insurance CoBloomington, Dlinois

II Please Bend Information

about auto Insurance.L _NAME ................................................................I

I- - - ------ IADDRESS

ing attitude of the grov ers and pro-ce spr .

The cherry growers and Farm Bur-eau groups in orthwestern Itch-Igan are very anxious to have thislegtslation enacted.

Truth-in-Fabrics BillTwenty-five years of ffort for f d-

eral truth-In-tabrtcs legislation mayhe rewarded at this ses ion of Con-gress. Schwartz Bill S-162 has beenapproved by the Sena e. The compan-ion measure, Martin HR-944 has beenreported to the House. During Aprilthe Michigan Farm Bureau joinedwith the AFRF in urging IlchiganCongressmen and those from otherstates to support the bill.

Under the proposed Schwartz-Mar-tin truth-in-fabrics biil manufacturersof woolen goods may use any mater-ials they choose, but they must in-form consumers truthfully as to whatthey are buying. The bill has b enendorsed by farm organizations, laborgroups, consumer groups and bymany manufacturers.

Farm Bureau FightsBattles in Congres

Poultr m n.•fichigan ar ne 1 tintel' of 3,600,000 annuallfit p asibl by ma 111

produce better qualitOn th t premis , J.

ialist in the poult I' •

Mlch igan State 011 ga sf -point qualit impr 0

gram to h lp boo thin ome abo e the PI' nttate crop reporting timata

000,000 a year.r Ieetlugs throughout

convincing COllllll rialfarmer poultrymen 0 the e ndthe e tra returns in corr ct metho .

Here are the si point 1'8:

1. Produc only clean eggs by ut-ficient nests, confin m nt in rainy"\eather and placing nests in dar .

2. Gather ggs often, < t 1 a t thr .time daily.

3. Hold in 001, moist, w 11 v ntll-lated room.

4. Mark t eggs often, twice a e kit possible.

5. Sell on grade only. lthoughgrading do s not improve the qu, lityit helps the price and a lso he ps con-sum rs demanding more.

6. Feed for quality eggs. Thismeans f eds of proper quality andkind as well as clean fre h water.

Thus Michigan is making a bid fora greater share of the quality egg m r-ket, Moore claims, a project that canaff ct the output of the st t '8 13 mil-lion laying hens producing about 120million doz n eggs annually.

(Continued from page 1.)

even if they did get together and de-velop a better correlation of orderlymarketing, the chances are it wouldcollapse, as former programs havedone, becau e of the lack of author-ity to ee to it that the small minor-ity, who never will agree, goes along.

H the amendment is included in thect, the authority is there for a ma-

jority of the growers and processorsto petition the Secretary of Agricul-ture to develop the .•larketing Agree-ment. If the proce SOl'S refuse to sopetition, then if two-thirds of thegrowers petition, the ecretarycould still act. If the petition weregranted, a series of hearings wouldbe held as to what should be includ-ed in the agreement. Testimonywould be taken and a sur ey of thedifficulties made. An agreem nt wouldthen be developed and an administra-tor with authority named, and- theprogram would become effective.

Just what would be included in theagre ment would depend upon theanalysis based on the testimony inthe hearings. It may be that therewould be years in which the cherrymarketing conditions would be per-fectly satisfactory to growers andprocessors alike. In this case, agr e·ments could be abandoned and thenormal course of procedure for mar-keting cherries be effective. On theother hand, it might be desired thatan orderly marketing program be ef-fective at all times. This, of course,would all depend upon the petition-

Why They SucceedMost of the people in the higher

positions today tarted at the foot ofthe ladder. They have succeeded be-cause they have an inherent adaptabil-ity and a, sincere desire to serve theirfellow men. They have succeeded be-cause they have continually donemany things that the ordinary routineof their job did not require them todo. They had the initiative to seewithout being told what needed to bedone. They were faithful to thefarmer, his organization and them-selves.

You are going into the future faceforemost, while those of us on life'spathway ahead of you are too apt, asMr. Kettering said the other night,to be backing into it with our eyeson the past. The frontiers of prog-ress have by no means all been con-quered. They no longer lie in thewestern prairies or the forest or withnew continents to be explored andconquered. They are in the more in-

•

There's Safisfaction inDoing Your Part

• I

Miss were to enter the millionaire classat the next corner. In fact our think-ing and our planning got way out offocus. When the slump came, asslumps always do come when theworld is abnormal, we just couldn'ttake it. I sometimes think too flushtimes are really more dangerous thana Lepression.

More From Our NeighborNow, our neighbor whom I men-

tioned in last month's paper, isn'tsatisfied with any farm organization.They're not doing enough for him towant to stay a member, yet when wepin him right down to facts, he ad-mits he's getting more out of themthan he's helped to get. And we canmake him admit that it was the pow-erful influence of a large member-ship in the Farm Bureau thatbrought about justice in the matterof exempting from the sales tax farmsupplies used in reducing farm com-modities for sale. He will concedethat Farm Bureau membership wasthe foundation for organized effortthat brought about relief in road tax-es and school taxes and helped makethe soil conservation program pos-sible. He will agree that Farm Bur-eau competition cleaned out badpractices in the fertilizer trade andin the seed and feed trades.

We Can't All Sit AroundSome folks had to belong to the

organization in order that that or-ganization might do anything-nomatter how it was needed or wasjustified. We told him it was themembers who had carried the loadwho had a right to find fault and torebel and if there were things yetundone it was principally becausethere were not enough folks whowere sharing the load.

Not only do the members pay theirdues but they spend time and moneykeeping up local groups and helpingwith membership getting and holding.

We asked him what he would ex-pect to happen if the Farm Bureauwere to disappear? We asked him ifhe wanted to return to old fertilizerpractices and prices or to old timefarm seeds and dairy feeds?

If We're 100% Self-CenteredThe one thought he expressed over

and over was that when he belongedto an organization he wanted all ofthe benefits from it to be confinedto those who were members payingdues and not something brought toeveryone.

We tried to show him where hewas lame in his thinking. We supporta church not for just what it meansto us individually but for what it cando for the community; we supportschools not for just our own childrenbut for those in our community.

It's Better to Work TogetherOh! I know how discouraging it is

at times and how one feels like junk-ing the whole thing and going self-centered and wait until each andevery farmer comes to the realiza-tion that he must not expect benefitsunless he does his part. But what aselfish old world we would makeof it, if all thought of no one buthimself! We'd kill progress and gainnothing.

It's out of the question; we musttarry on. We must convince the oth-er fellow that he should be with usand not a drag on us.

And when the skies look blackand we feel we are growing sour,let's take a look around us and see ifwe can not decide that Americastands out beyond all other nationsin advantages and comforts and con-tentment for her people. Its the sel-fishness of her people that is thecause of our shortcomings. Individ-ually, it's ourselves and not the otherfellow. After we set our own housein order, it's time enough to punishthe rest .but not before.

Self-centered FolksGreat Deal

This Life

Twine 1

The Bigin Binder

a In uyBy MRS. ·EDITH M. WAGAR

Look in any direction these daysand one can see optimistic farmersmoving teams and tractors back andforth over the fields, just as farmershave done every spring for genera-tions.

Truly the old adage "A good farm-er places faith in God" is especiallyapplicable this spring, for as youmeet them you will find each oneadorned with a smile that leaves nodoubt about its sincerity.

It's been a finespring for farmwork, and it's re-m ark a b 1e howmuch one, manc an accomplishwhen he is bless-ed wit h go 0 dweather and hasaccess to the nee-e s s a l' y modernf a I' m machinery.He pus h e s hiswork rather thanlet it push him,

MR6. WA~ and he has timefor the many odd jobs always to befound on an up-to-date farm.

Two Types of FarmingDuring a recent drive through the

country, one could pick out the fulltime farmer against the fast increas-ing part time farmers, the man whotries to hold down a factory job therequired hours each week and thenafter hours and on Sundays attemptsto operate a farm.

There's no doubt about the wel-come the added money receives, butthe farm often shows neglect and ahaphazard system of care. One can-not help but wonder just how muchthe factory job is slighted too.

Pride in one's work is a big itemin measuring contentment and peaceof mind.

We Have Come FarWe cannot say farming is the same

old story year in and year out, forlooking back over the span of onegeneration we can see that we havecome a long way from the old walk-ing plow and A-drag, and from thestumps and the bogs.

Yet that farmer had the same op-timistic smile during the seed timeof a normal spring. It's his love forthe soil and his hope for a liberalharvest that has kept him a farmerfor a lifetime.

You know how impor..

tant it is during harvest to

use a twine you can depend

on-twine that is uniform

in strength and weight all

through the ball, from the

first foot to the I t.

Farm Bureau Twine is non-tangling, full..

length, full-strength. Insist on getting Farm

Bureau Big Ball Twine. Order the amount

you need for harvest. Your order, placed

now, will help us give you better service.

Play Safe •.FA M

TWI

. Insist on

URE U

fARM BUREAU SERVI'C'I:S'; I·NC.t A N'S" N G, M I C·H (G AN.'"

POT OUT!SH·STAR1(ED ALFALFA RUN

TOP-DRESS TO KEEP YOU STA DMany an investment in getting a good stand of alfalfa fails toUpay out" because the plants cannot get enough minerals to keepgoing year after year. Especially is this true when the soil andfertilizer applied do not provide enough potash, since alfalfa ia heavy feeder on this plant food.

Alfalfa and clover will show lack of potash by. typical potash.starvation symptoms. White spots appear at first around the edgeof the leaves and then over the entire surface. Later the leaveturn yellow and die. Don't wait for these symptoms to appearbecause long before they show up, your stand will be weakenedand your yields decreased.

Boom Times and TodayI heard a man say the other day

that the world is becoming sour. Thateverybody feels that he is being dis-criminated against: that the otherfellow is being favored at his ex-pense. I began to analyze the situa-tion regarding that viewpoint. I foundthat people who have money to lendare disgruntled by the interest ratesof the farm credit administration.Those who have deposits in banksare disgusted with 2% interest. Wefind labor organizations pittedagainst each other, and industrialcorporations declaring they are beingthwarted in their development. Thefarm I' believes that he is the under-dog in the picture of world affairs.

What has brought about this con-dition? Is it the reaction from thatperiod of flush times when every-body thought that he was entitled toa taste of everything that this worldproduced, that there just wasn't any-thing that was beyond our reach?

The rich doubled their money overnight; labor could demand most anyprice it wanted, and there was aplace for everybody .to fill. Farmvalues ~ent to the sky. Yie felt xe

To get a good hay crop year after year and still maintain the fer-tility of the soil, plan now to top-dress the field after the first

cutting of hay. Apply 200-300Ibs.ofO-12-12 orO-20·20per acre on silt loam soils, and a similar amount of0-8-24 or 0-10·20 on sandy soils.

Consult your county agent or experiment tation re-garding having your soils tested. See your fertilizerdealer or manufacturer about how little extra it co tto fertilize with enough potash for the crop yieldand quality which you plan.

If we can he of any help 10

yOll, please write liS for in-formation and free literature,

Poto§h1Jlore means

more Profit

A1--------------1POTASH

STARVEDINVESTMENT BUILDJMIDWEST OFFICE:

A e PreBy C. L.

MICHIGAN FARM NEW

ts fo Succ t eat Mic iga Co

SECRETARYthe most useful. However, ome ofthe special pha es of agriculturaleducation do oft n serve to a ist thegl aduate to ecure a foothold, al-though many college graduate findthemselves twenty years later fol-lowing a line of work which theynever anticipated and for which theydid not e pecially prepare, that I feeltoo much stress should 110t b laidupon whether a student majors in ag-ricultural economics, general agricul-ture or what 110t. If I were to nameadditional subject, I would uggestthat greater emphasis be laid uponcharacter building and general cul-tural subjects. I would avoid narrowpecialization. 'I'his type of training

can be obtain d rather readily aftergraduation if found neces ary. I havefound the most practi al subje t pur-sued in college to b plain, good old-'a hioned English.

The ability to write or dictate agood I tt r, fre from grammatical er-1'01' and ambiguous and awkwardstatements, is one of the he t founda-tion for co-operative ork. The bed-rock fundamental of co-operative workbeing human relations, the study ofpsychology should prove to be one ofthe most practical lines of training.

Training in public speaking is alsoone of the most practical subjects pre-paratory to co-operative service. Be-ing able to express yourself clearlyand effectively both orally and in writ-ing inspires confidence and respect foryou personally and for your organiza-tion. The ability to address both smaltand large meetings is an extremelypractical qualification.

Physical limitations and time donot permit talking with hundreds orthousands of people individually. Be-sides, the atmosphere of it group ascontrasted to that of the individual, isoften much more conducive to results,Training in radio speaking will in myjudgment be one of the most practicalpossessions for the co-operative work-er in the most distant future.

Farm ExperienceAs for other experience aside from

school as suggested in your outline,actual farm experience itself cannotbe excelled. The co-operative workerwho has actually experienced thefarmer's problems such as being un-der a crushing load of debt, disappoint-ment when the hired man quits in abusy time, the ruination or a wholes son's work by bad weather, thedeath of valuable animals, low price ,etc. enables the co-operattve workerto appreciate the viewpoint of thefarmer, which aterially affects hisrelationship to an his expectations ofhis co-operative organizatlon. In ad-dition to farming, experience in Smith-Hughes teaching, county agent andextension work generally rank withthe best preparatory foundations forco-operative organization work andmanagement.

How To Get StartedThe problem of getting into the field

is one of the greatest hurdles theyoung person desiring to engage inco-operative endeavor has to surmount.Ones' personal attituCfe toward thequestion is one of the important de-termining factors.

I would suggest first of all that weapproach the matter with the rightappraisal of the place of college train-ing as a preparation for this service.It may be difficult at the outset torealize that a college education is nothrough ticket to success. It is not aconsummation of one s career. It isbut the beginning.

I would suggest as a means ofmaking contact in the field it shouldbe of first importance that the collegegraduate be willing to start in just as

OF THE MICHIGAN

CI..R121( L. BR(1)~lowly a job a thong he had no col-lege education. In applying for a jobI would offer to do anything there waso do, be it digging ditches, sweeping

floor , or washing windows. Gettingthe connection with the firm or typeof organization for which you wishto work is the important thing.

I am prompted to make these state-ments in the light bf our own experi-ence in the Farm Bureau organizationover the past nineteen years. Todayin the Farm Bureau no man is at thehead of a department who has not hadyear of experience in our organiza-tion or, in the case of one or two ex-ception , with other companies.

Our Department HeadsB. A. Rainey, ass't mgr. of Farm Bu-

reau Services, an M. S. C. graduate,started eighteen years ago at commonlabor in the warehouse. Roy W. Ben-nett, manager of the Seed Depart-ment, not a college graduate, was atthat time wheeling sacks, loading cars,etc. Fred Harger, present supervisorof our wenty-four retail branches, nota college graduate, has come up fromthe farm through the management ofa local co-operative, the managementof one of our own branches, to thesupervision of all of our branch op-erations. He has' een in the employ-ment of the Farm Bureau for aboutten years.

G. F. Gri wold, assistant treasurerand manager of our Credit and Col-lection department, is not a collegegraduate, has worked up from a rou-tine clerical jo b.

C. . Hinman, manager of the FarmBureau Fruit Products Company, agraduate of Harvard in 1926, came tous in 1936 after a ecade of experiencein teaching finance and accounting andas a certified public accountant

L. IS. Monroe, the man upon whomwe depend for tax-ation, accountingand co-operative technique is not acollege man. He came to us fouryea rs ago after several years of workas certified public accountant.

E. E. Ungren, editor of the MichiganFarm ews and manager of our Print-ing and Mailing department, anM. S. C. graduate, started with usnineteen years ago at routine newsand o:ft'ice work. He. had previouslyspent a year or two with one of thecity papers of the state.

S. M. Powell, head of our Legisla-tive department, a gradua e of Michi-gan State twenty years ago, hasoperated a large farm during thatperiod, served a term in the Legisla-ture, written extensively for farmpapers, and been in the Farm Bureauemploye for the past five years. Healso served a previous period as as-si tant secretary of the Michigan

v EX

SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1940

Opportuni ·esege Vo c a tf o

S!1'ATE FARM

"Self Placement Techniques- CollegePlacement Bureau Viewpoints"

Dr'. T. Luther PurdomDirector, LTniVM-sity Bur au of

ppolntments, Ann _ rbor"Hospital Dietetics"

Mable MacLachlanniver Ity of .1ichigan Hospita l,

Ann ArborI'Commercial Art" Harry Deady

D ady .'tudios, Lansing"Psychiatry and Psychology"

Carl W. BradfordLansing

"Insurance" W. O. HildebrandS cretary f lr-hlgan sH'n r

Insurance g nt·, Lansing"Commercial Aviation and Air

Hostess" .. 0 •• , ••••• 00' • Victor VernonPersonn 1 Ire tor, merlcan

Airlines, • w York ity"Law" Leland S. Bisbee

Ja('kson"Photography" , James Carr

Linn amera Shop, J;~astLansin •"Forestry" , W. r. White

Fore ,t up rvlsor, T. • For .'ten/ice, .•.luHkeg n

"Dramatics" .... Or. W. F. Thompsonand Don Buell

1. S. ., East Lan. ing"Statistics'. '" . . . . .. . Harry A. Snow

ontroller, Detroit I!Jdl on 0.,D troit

"Institution Administration"Miss Helen C. Bradford

H rPOl'heim r's Tea floom,Grand Itapid'

tate Farm Bureau.Alfred Bentall, head of our Insur-

ance department, a college man, wasformerly a rural minister and countyagricultural agent, and has been withu the past eighteen years. J. F. Yae-ger, manager of the Fai m BureauMembership Relations department, anM. S. C. graduate, spent several yearsin mtth-Hughes teaching, followed byix years in editorial and new work

on a rural-urban paper in one of thecounty seat cities of the State. B. F.Hennink, head of our Junior FarmBureau work, an L S. C. graduate,had seven years of Smith-Hughesteaching before he joined our staff.

Robert Addy, manager of our Ma-chinery department, not a, collegegraduate, tarted as a cow tester, laterworked at extension work in dairyingfor the Michigan State College, com-"", lO the Farm Bureau fifteen years

ago. He has had many years experi-ence in sales work with practicallyall of the major commodities handledby the Farm Bureau ervices. WayneMills, sales manager for Farm Bu-reau Services, not a, college graduate,started as a stenographer in ourTraffic depar tment fifteen years ago.

Start From the BottomAll of this indicates that both col-

lege and non-college people haveworked up to ,the higher positions, andthat the college graduates in the listhave had a dozen or more years ex-perience since leaving college, and allof them .started practically at thebottom the same as did the non-col-lege people. The same is true withimportant 'positions in all of these de-partments. They are occupied by.college and non-college people.

One of the more recent graduateswho finished college two years agopartially paid his way through collegeby working in the Farm Bureau ga-rage, Following graduation he becamea salesman for our paint department.His pre-graduate 'work served as ameans of contact to secure his jobafter graduatton. He also workedduring vacations in the co-operativemanaged by his father. Also I thinkof another notable instance where ayoung man who is a graduate of one'Ofour normal schools letit his teachingjob and worked for three years atcommon labor in one of our elevators.Today he is managing one of thelarge fruit packing locals of the State.He took the new position because ofour close relationship with the co-operative in question.

Two women graduates of the busi-ness administration course in 1933 and1937 are serving at secretarial and of-fice work. The three women in theFarm Bureau organiza tion occupyingthe highest positions have been withthe organization since the 'beginningand are not college graduates.

Michigan State College graduatesWho have advanced in the Farm Bu-reau include Mrs. Carol Bielinski andMiss Mary Ballard, business admin-istration graduates. They are doingsecretarial work. David Cotter is incharge of state-wide 'business in co-operatively manufactured house, 'barnand roof paints. Victor Bielinski hasimportant respon.sibilities in ourFarm Bureau eeed service. B. D.Bennett, another business administra-tion graduate, is a key man in theFarm Bureau Services wholesaleorders and routing dIvision.

From the foregoing it appears evi-dent Ithat in the case of the collegegraduates probably none of these peo-ple would now be occupying Ithe im-portant places in our organization ifthey had not practically forgotten thatthey were college graduates and beenwilling to start on the same level at

II

in co-operative agriculture, fa m manace-lectrification, law, education, in rurance, accounting and in

oIl ge tudent want to know. 0 for the pa tfour year' they have had a two day vocational onferen e. Leader from agriculture, indu try,bu iness in ceneral and the prof'e .. ion hav accept d invitation to di cu. th ir work and theopportunitie. in th ir field '. "' e pre ient the .u bjects for discui ion pril 10-] 1, 1940, and them in and women who advi ed with student con cerninz their future work.

for Service

BRODY, EXECUTIVE

HIS subject might be treated from a broad stand-point embracing practically the whole field of

a riculture, including both the productive processes offarming and the organizations engaged in marketingthe products grown and supplies purchased. I note,owever, you desire the treatment of the subject to

be mainly along tlie line of the opportunities for serviceand a livelihood in farmers co-operative businessorga izations. In plain words, I take it you want meto talk about the opportunities for college people forjobs in farmers co-operative organizations.

What I shall say will come out of 36 years ofco-operative agricultural experiences rather than fromextensive reading and investigation of the work ofothers. As I compare some of the views I held ongraduation day in 1904 with: the state of my thinkingtoday it is evident that I must use care that my owni illusiontnents or disappointments of the years do not

cause me to throw a wet blanket on your aims andatnbitions. Rather; I hope that my remarks in somesmall measure may encourage you and serve to guideyou in getting a start after graduation.

I believe, too, that my contact with you will serveto temper any reactionary conservatism into which Imay have unconsciously drifted as a result of the wearnd tear of experience. In short I regard our meeting

a m tual affair. shall try to help you and I knowyou are going to Be of help to me.

The P rsonal Qua Iities ~-T-h---e-g-re-a-t-e-s-t-a-s""'s-i~s-ta-n-c-e---'''''in-m-e-e-ti-n-gI have in the main ndeavored to trials and tribulations will come from

follow th outline furni hed me by the support and interest of the boardyour committee. The fir item has of directors or other interested lead-to do with personality. The funda- ers among the members who are em-mental requirements of o-op r tive ploying you if you have kept themagriculture, such as honesty, courage, informed and sincerely tried to servejudgem nt, inttiaaive, vision, etc., are them.the same s are essential to equiva- n ingrained, heartfelt sympathylent responsibtlt ies in oth r vocations for the fa mer in his struggle for eco-in general. nomic equali y. and better farming con-

However, the posses ion of these ditions is of fil t importance. Thisqualities, important as th yare, does qualification is nece ary if one is tonot insure succ ss in co-operative agrt- endure the difficulties, disappoint-cultural .work, A high degree of ments and self-denial nece ary todiplomacy and adaptahility is essen- success. A character bordering ontial, lor a co-op rative organization the idealistic and balanced with soundcareer is primarily an adventure in judgment is really ssential to rend-the field of ~lUman r lationships. ering satisfactory and enduring serv-Along with this a syn pathetic under- ice in co-operative agriculture.tanding of the farmer viewpoint Private Enterprise and Co-ops

aud the everyday' problems of the The person who takes this up as histarrn is indispensable. To hold his vocation should recognize at the be-loyalty and support the farmer must ginning that he is giving his life forknow that you are sincerely trying to an enterprise to serve others with nohelp him and you must be his genuine opportunity to ever become the own-friend and associate. high-hat attt- er or part owner of the bu iness. Intude is bad in any occupation but it private enterprise business history isis fatal in all co-operative organization full of experiences in which many ofwork. or course, managerial ability our business leaders today started asand good business judgm nt are im- office boys and have become partnersportant requirements a in all other in or owners of the business, accum-occupations but these will largely ulating large personal fortunes income to naught if the co-operative some cases. 1 0 such material re-worker himself is arrogant, unap- muneration is possible in co-operativeproachable and unsympathetic. employment. There are, however, great

Moreover, these qualities of diplom- rewards in co-operative agriculturalacy, sincerity and adaptability must work in the way of personal develop-be possessed by an employee to se- ment and satisfaction for the personcure the help nCl information he temperamentally adapted to theneeds to be constantly getting from work. There is also the opportunitythe farmer himself in order to succeed for reasonable financial remunerationwith hi.•.. job. for the successful person, but he must

humble attitude and a realization recognize the fact that he will alwaysthat the farmer's ideas straight from be working on a alary and cannotthe grass roots are many times hope to personally own the businesssuperior to or more practical than or become wealthy financially.your own hould haracterize the state Health Requirementof mind of the co-operative worker. Health requirements for co-opera-Some of the mo t capable people in tive agricultural work do not differour entire citiz nry .are engaged in from those of other occupations. Good

ilie prnctic~ ~Mation ~ llie hrms ~alth anywhere~ one ~ oor~~~I;~~~~~====~=±==~=~=========================~~=~====~lof our state and country. The co-op- e t assets. If I were to attempt any.erative worker must recognize this advice in this regard I would suggestfact and keep himself in an attitude that you keep your work and recrea-to receive suggestions as well as to tion in proper balance. The hard andmak th m. faithful work r quired of the co-opera-

In the case of advice many imes tive employee to be most productivein co-operative work it is more blessed must be tempered with at least mod.to rec iv than to give. It is true, erate amounts of recreation, physicalhuwev r, that the co-opera ive leader exercise where need d, and wholesomeha at tim s to combat misunder- diversion that res and replentah hetanding a in all other walk of life. person carrying the re pon Ibiltty.

1 high d gree of patience and toler- Our value to our work is deter-ance for the other fellow's viewpoint mined fUlly as much by how we con-re alway 11 c s ary pos e sion . The duct ourselves during leisure time as

co-operatlv employe sometimes bas by what we do while on duty, so pre-to endure til most s vere and even serving the proper balance betweenunjustified critici m. recreation and dlveraion on the one

In m in tance destructive crltt- hand and application and industry withci 111 and Hacks ar made upon the our work on the other is of first im-p srsonn I of the co-operative by those portance.who wi 11 to .tplott either the Influ- In regard to scholastic preparationnee or financial re ource of th or- I would suggest that almo t ny of

ganization. Whatever th ource or the agricultural courses commonlyc~u the co-operative worker must taught at Michigan State ollegeIII adv r activitie and criticism would answ r. Training in a rlcul-In calm and philo ophic manner tural economics, farm management.

ithout 10 ' of temp I' or harboring and busin ss administration wouldltterness. I re rIew my 0 'n e - rank very hlah a a preparatory tep

1i 11' th truth Impels m to r cog- and con titute a good foundation.liz that my critics ha 'e render d _ 1 0 work in farm crops, soil, animalI full much rvlce as my mo t hu ban dry all serve as a v luable

1 i ndl a 0 tate . I 0 it is true background upon which to dey lop at I on m t evere crltlc often co-operative career.

m hi b t friends after the StUdies That Help Mo tt I'll I 0 r. h heat of conflict Th particular course elected is

n foul diff r nee into the not of the importance that it eemso n urln and h lpful a ocla- to be to college tudents. any of un . and at time 11r111nes 11a e found that the general cultur 1

It ~Iy. But t i hould ubject were of great practical vatu .t mp l' 'Uh tience, The subj ts nd course having mo t

llll i n, 01 r n and to do with buildin lh right tYllf hum n in :.\1 in tIl Ion run

IICooperative Agriculture" .C. L. BrodyE, - cuttve ecretary, dichi~an

State Farm Bureau, Lanstng"Diplomati Service"

Marshall M. Vancem rlcan Consul. . S. For Ign

ervlce, Vtndsor, Ontario"Retailing and Department Stor~

Buying" .. , L. B. Sapptngt,ons.ustant neral Merchandl.:e

.lanager, H udson' s, Det.ro!t"Bacteriology" .. , ... Dr. J. A. Kasp«:r

D partment of Health, Det.rort"Education" , John A. Emens

ssoclate Prof ssor, S condaryEduca.tion, Wa 'ne ntver 'it:y

D troit"Chemistry and Chemical

Engineering". .o-. P. W. SoderbergT chntcal • rvice Deuartm nt,J. B. F'ord ales Co., \Vyandotte

"Journalism" S. L. A. MarshallEditori 1 Triter, Detroit ' ws,

D troit"Medicine and Dentistry" .. R. B. Allen

E.-ecutiv Dean, Chtcago Col-leg S, Urriverstt y of Illinois,

Chicago"I nterior Decorating"

Mrs. Belva SanfordJ. L. Bud. on's, Detroit

"Farm Mangement" ... Geo. M. Newline or Farms, Farmington

"Wild-Life" ., H. D. Ruhl'hi f Game DiVision, Lansing

"Traffic Management" Leonard Si ms"\ r st rn Traffi • anngpr. Gen-rat Food rp., n' ltl ~ek

"Physical Education" .. E. D. MitchellD partm nt of Physical Educa-tion, niver -ity of Michigan,

Ann Arbor"Personnel" , .Charles Winegar

P rsonnel Director, Chryeler'orp., Detroit

"Raido Broadcasting" .. Duncan MooreStation WJR, Detroit

"Accounting" ..•......... L. D. Crusoemptroller, Fi her Body orp.,

Detroit"FlYing Cadet Training Corp"

Lieut. Thomas B. SummersSelfridge Field

"Advertising" ..... Gordon C. EldridgeD. . Brother C 0' Detroit

"Social Service" Joseph Gibboncretary, Community Fund,

Lan ing"Farm Engineering and Rural

Electrification" H. J. GallagherConsumers Power Co.

"Music" Wm. W. NortonFlint Public hools, Flint

"Sales" , , . Forrest A. AkersChrysler orp., Detroit

"Mechanical and Civil Engineering"J. H. Hamilton

GuU Refining 0., Toledo"Soils" , . , Gus A. Thorpe

rea. on ervationi. t, II on-• ervation SerVice, Grand Rapids

"Self· Placement Techniques-Industrial Viewpoints" .. W. T. Kirk

.•.ltchtgan Bell T lephone Co.,Grand Rapids

ConferenceBUREAU, 1 940APR I L 10,

busy at something. Do not hibernate.Co-operatives and Wages

Regarding salaries-you will flndthe co-operatives paying men and wo-men salaries that are comparable withthose paid by progressive employerselsewhere for the same ability in em-ployes. Reasona ble starting wagesare paid. These take into constdera-tion the size of the community inwhich the co-operative is located andthe cost of ltvlng, Farmers co-opera-tives throughout the country are look-ing for men and women Who canbuild 'business, and build the co-opera-tive membership, and develop the co-operative idea. They are willing topay for that ability. Managers of localco-operatives in Michigan are paidfrom $1,500 to $4,000 or more peryear, according to their responstbtl-ities. Heads of departments tor stateand regional or national co-operativesmay draw from $2,500 to $6,000 or$8,000 per year. General managementsalaries for large regional co-opera-tives are ftom $6,000 upward. Thehighest executive salaries paid innational co-operattvs marketing' or.ganizations dealing with as much as75,000 car loads of business annnallymay reach $35,000 or more per year.Some of the highest salaries in the co-opemtive field are paid by easternfarmers' supply organizatlons. Theserange from $8,000 and $9,000 peryear for department heads up to$25,000 per year fOr general manage-ment. Responsible assistants to theseexecutives are paid accordingly.Some of these incumbents are gradu-ates of Michigan State College.

National Co-op ExecutivesThe men who have made a success

of what might be termed the co-opera-tive profession include such personal-ities as Mr. Armstrong, manager ofthe California Fruit Growers Ex-change, an M. IS. C. graduate, senatorN. ,C. Wil1iamson, manager of theAmerican Ootton Growers Association,Carlisle Tho'rp, manager of the Cali-fornia Walnut Growers Associatfon,Earl W. Benjamin, manager of' theNew York office of' the Paclfle :ffiggProducers Co-operative, C. W. Holman,secretary-manager of the NationalMHk Producers Association, R. A.Ward of the Pacific Wool Growers,Quentin Reynolds, manager of theEastern States Farmers Exchange,H. E. Babcock, James McConnell andA. L. Bibbins of the Grange LkagueFederatton, W. 'G. Wysor of theSouthern States Co-operative of Ribh-mond, Va., M. G. Mann of the FarmersCo-operative :Extohange of Raleigh, N.C., Murray D. Lincoln, executive s-ec-retary of the Ohio Farm Bureau andpresident of the ~rm Bureau Insur-ance Oompanles of Ohio, Harvey Hull,manager of the Indiana Farm BureauCo-operative association and Herbe,rtM. Smoots, manager of the UnitedCo-operatives, Inc. .

Others Whose industry and visionfor the co-operative movement bavelifted them from humble beginningsto national leadership include: Ed-ward O'Neal of Alabama, now presi-dent of the American Farm BureauFederation; R'. W. Blackburn of Cali-fornia, secretary of the AmericanFarm Buteau; L. J. Tabor of Ohio,master of the National Grange; FrankWhite, president of the Minnesota.Farm Bureau and secretary of thegreat co-operative Land 0' LakesCreameries ; John F. Brandt, generalmanager for \Land 0' Lakes; J. S.J ones, secretary of the MinnesotaFarm Bureau; Earl Smith, presidentof the Illinois Agl"l Ass'n and its co-operative business enterprises, andvice president of the American FarmBureau; Hassil Schenk, president ofthe Indiana !Farm Bureau, and PerryGreen, president ot the Ohio FarmButeaus. Another is EmU Syttestad,general manager or' the I FarmersUnion Central Exchange at St. Paul,Minn.

Michigan Co-op LeadersComing to 'Our own -State, I would

name B. F. Beach, secretary-managerof the Michigan Milk Producers As-sociation, L. E. Osmer and Neil Bassof the Michigan Elevator Exchange,F. P. Hibst, manager of the MichiganPo ato Growers Ex'change, Elmer A.Boo er, former pr sMent of the Mich-igan Livestock Exchange and NationalLivestock Marketing Association andnow State Commissioner ot AgricultureGeorge Boutell, manager ot the Mich-igan Livestock Exchange, E. J. Ryger,manager of the Mid-W~8t ProducersCreamenes, Inc., and several depart-ment heads of the Ichlgan StateFa m BUl'aeu. Another ichlgan lead-er is atban P. ull of Lansing, formany years pres <lent of the MlehiganMilk Producers Ass'n, and now presi-dent of the National Milk ProducersAss'n.

The list would not be complete with.out mentioning the many competentman gers of local co-operatives In ourstate and nation The managers ofour co-operatives at more than two"n d ltointa J Mrc n on tltutea group of the highest claas of co.o'Perattve busine I men In the country.The future will undoubtedly • aomeof them in prominent positions In theI roger 1 1 00 er W.

e; fo1' P reWhen we observe the roster of c0-

operative workers we find no par-(Contln on paKe 3,)

which the non-college person began.college educatton is not a guarantee

that the graduate is a better personto be employed than the non-collegegraduate as there is more than oneway Ito secure an education. How-ever, I am strong for college educationand believe that if properly evaluated-by the person himself it cannot helpbut make him a more desirable em-ployee than he otherwise would havebeen, but not necessarily a better em-ployee than some person who is nota college graduate proves to be.

It's Not Where You StartIn short, I would consider the

better way to make the starting con-tact is to show a willingness to doanything, there is to do. Make your-self useful to the organization cowhich you are applying, regardless ofwhether it is in line with the specialtraining you have had or not.

It is not where you start but whereyou are ten, fifteen or twenty yearslater that really counts. It is quitepossible that there are some peoplein inferior clerical or white collar jobstoday who if they had started via theoverall route doing common laborwould be in high executive positionstoday.

If you are going to supervise theefforts of others you must be aible toappreciate the viewpoint of the humanbeings under your management. Thereis nothing like having actually livedthe life yourself as a training for thehigher posttions in co-operative work.Besides it is important that you getthrough the period of meager remun-eration in your younger days ,beforethe heavier responsibilities and ex-penses of family life are resting onyour shoulders.

If at all practicable I would advisethe under-graduate to begin to buildhis contacts in every way posstblethroughout his college course. Re-search or thesis work relating to thepractical affairs of eo-operattvss mightserve .to get y-ou acquainted with yourfuture employer. Work during vaca •.tion periods or during the college yearas a means of support might serve tobreak the ice and help you get intothe field after graduation.

The manner in 'which one man madehis contact with the Farm Bureau or-ganization is interesting in this con-nection. The first time I recall meet-ing him was when he called at the of-fice and requested assistance with ayoung people's program in connectionwith his Smith-Hughes teaching. Hefollowed this up the next year with adiscussion of the plan 'for a JuniorFarm Bureau. This later led to hisemployment on a meager salary witha commission on Farm Bureau memobel'S written. Writing members wasnot what he was looking for Ibut itwas an opportunity to get started. Hewas so constituted that the tougherthe prospect the better he liked !thework. The experience not only af-forded him a start but has stood himin good stead in the Junior Farm Bu-reau work which he has established.

Juniors Enter Our WorkAlso seventeen young men of

twenty-five 1.0 thirty years of age whohave just passed through their JuniorFarm Bureau experience, several Ofwhom are college graduates, are build-ing a splendid foundation for a futureremunerative business by wr-iting co-operative insurance at the regularagents' commissions. Not only isthis a splendid type of experiencewhatever your occupation in lateryears, but in our insurance work it-self lies some of the best and mostpermanent opportunities for youngmen today. The field of insurance iscontinually unfolding. While we have375 local agents in ,Michigan, I do notremember a time in the last fourteenyears that we did not have good terri-tory available for the enterprisingyoung man or woman.

Getting a start requires a1l tinitiative and originality the youngaerson can master. Even working for!Iothing or for your expenses in order~o learn the bualness or get a start,nay prove a more profitable way to')e spending your time than walkingthe streets looking for work at goodwages. This method may help youavoid the stereotyped practice of ask-;ng for a job and having your applica-~ion placed on file. Utilize every op-portunity to centac those in charge ofthe work in which you wish to engage.'Try to think of experlenc~s that mayresult in such contacts.

Starting From the FarmIf you return to the farm, become

active in the local farm organizations.Call on the personnel of the tate andregional co-operative for assistancewith your programs. Sometimes mak-lng a request or demand for assistanceof the organization for which you Wishto work proves more etrective thandirect application for a job. g gingin cow testing, inspection work for theSta:te Department of Agriculture,Smith-Hughes teaching, ounty Agentwork are all e cellent ways to getexperience and make contacts in the

'co-operative agricultural fleld. Ifnone of these are available do any-thing that may be at hand eventhough it may be entirely outsidethe co-operative agricultural field. Itmay lead you to opportunities aboutwhich you hav n vel' dreamed, Keep

.----•.. _ .••.+. j~ *- j},

(.-.. •• ~~J •••••• ~

NEW COVERING ABIUTY INCREASES#:YALUEOrchard Brand IIAstringent" Arsenate of Lead,d~e to its rapid toxic action has, during past years, built up awidespread preference among successful fruit growers. And asa result of recent important improvements in the coveringability of "Astringent," fruit packs have been of even higherquality in thousands of orchards.

The high efficiencyof "Astringent" now lies not only in thequick-killing effect of the Arsenate of Lead, but also in "Astrin-gent's" unique physical properties. "Astringent's" particles areof a "flake-like" nature and tend to overlap to make a morecloselyknit, more uniform spray coverage on the fruit, with theresult that stings and entries are brought down to a new mini.

mum. Write for information today.

(

SPRAYCOP*... Copper Fungicide having highactive copper content and wide safety margin.

APPLE DRITOMIC* SULFUR'•.. Maximum scabcontrol properties among dry sulfur compounds,-due to patented sodium thiosulfate feature.

'ZINTOX* .•. THE EXCLUSIVE Basic ZincArsenate. An effective apple, pear and grape

spray for control of codling moth and berry moth.

DRITOMIC* SULFUR... Unexcelled for control of peach brownrot. One of the first wettable sulfurs ... and always among thefirst in performance.

*Reg. U. S. Pat. OtT.

'Ch~' i~du~tryGrows in Michigan

Michigan is becoming a more im-portant cheese producing state ascompared with several years ago, de-dares J. M. Jensen, dairy specialiatat Michigan State College. Reasons:

'to more cows, greater national and Mich-igan cheese consumption increaaingd'rom ,3 to 5 pounds annually perductlon is nearly 13 million pounds a

year, some brick and munster andsome Iimburger and a large quantityof Italian cheese. There also are,huge amounts of cottage cheese madein Michigan. Factories number 51with 24 in the lower peninsula and 27in the upper peninsula.

Fatalities resulting from accidentsat highway-railroad grade crossingsin 1939 were less than in any yearsince 1915.

LIVE" STOCK PRODUCERSMichigan Live Stock EXCh~nge has operated a successful Iive stockcommtssion selling agency on the Detroit and Buffalo markets since 1922.

BECAUSE(1) It maintains a thoroughly trained and experienced personnel.(2) It is represented on every principal market in the United States by

Producer owned and operated agencies.(3) It renders better information and market service to its members.

(4) It can furnish 4%% money for financing feeding operations.

PLUSfeatures of good practice in the live stock commission

REMEMBERWhen you patronize the Michigan Live Stock Exchange you are buildingyour own live stock marketing agency.Reports furnished Michigan State College Ramo Station WKAR for earlymarkets at 6:45 a. m,

MICHIGAN UVESTOCK EXCHANGE Secretary's. Of.ficeHudson, MIchIgan

Frank Oberst, President; J. H. O'Mealey, Secretary &. Treasurer;George J. Boutell, Manager

smp YOUR STOCK TO US ATMichigan Livestook Exch. Producers Co-op Ass 'n

Detroit Stockyards East Buffalo, N. Y.

Western Allegan Comunity Farm Bureau

Western Allegan Community FarmBureau is in favor of a federal mar-keting agreement for ruits and vege-

to tables under the AAA. It would liketo see Congress enact truth-in-fabricslegislation. It believes that Michiganwould do well to divorce party poli-tics as much as possible in the selec-tion of a State Commissioner of Agri-

Despite the backward season both culture and staff and place the depart-the number of consignors and the ment more on the basis of the Con-pounds of wool already Michigan servation Department. The commis-Co-operative Wool Marketing Assoc- sioner of agriculture is appointed byiation Pool at Lansing exceeds the governor for a two years term,figures for all but one of the past subject to confirmation by the senate.five years. This indicates a growing The Conservation Dep't is managed byappreciation of the benefits of this a commission of six, appointed fortype of marketing and a determina- terms of 6 years each, by the governortion on the part of an increasing and subject to confirmation by the sen-number of sheep men not to be con- ate. The commissioners serve withouttent with less than full world parity pay. Their terms are staggered to as-prices for their fleeces. sure experienced members on the com-

Wool prices in this country are mission. The commission employs aprofoundly affected l)'Y worldj-wicie state director.conditions because U. S. wool grow- Western Allegan Community Farmers produce only three-fifths as much Bureau is interested in the Michiganwool as this nation normally con- Milk Marketing Act and what itsumes, and it is necessary to Im- might mean to that community. Theport the other two-fifths in the aver- State Farm Bureau was asked for fur-age year. War conditions abroad are ther information.resulting in a continual reduction in It was an interesting meeting withwool inventories througho t th plenty of discussion. Mrs. Harry Cog-world u e dal directed the recreation period.

. Twenty-two attended the meeting.When consignments arrive at the I President Don Barden presided.

Lansing warehouse at 728 East Shia-was see St., a substantial advance Ismade to the grower. The wool is for-warded to Boston in carlot quantitiesfor grading, storage and sale. Fur-ther advances are made after grading,and when the wool is sold the growerreceives the balance of the net pro-ceeds.

The Michigan Co-operative WoolMarketing Association recently pub-lished an interesting leaflet whichexplains fully its methods of hand-ling consignments and serving woolgrowers. Write the Association atLansing, Michigan for a copy and forthe name of the local Assembler inyour community or any other inform-ation which you may desire.

Pooled 9 Years. In writing to the Mtchigan Co-opera-

tive Wool M'ktg. Ass'n requesting sacksfor his 1940 fleeces, Mr. Charles D. Oat-ley, R. I, Mesick, Michigan, commented,"I think the Wood Pool is O. K. Itmakes me more money." Mr. Oatleyhas consigned consistently for the past9 years.

The Voice of Experience"I have sold my flock of sheep, so I will

not have any wool to market, but duringthe 20 years I owned sheep I marketed19 seasons with your co-op and it wasvery sattsfactorv,' B. B. Bashore, R. 2,Coleman, Michigan, wrote the MichiganCo-operative Wool Marketing Ass'n re-cently.

World Conditions BoundInfluence Our Supply

And Prices

FARM BUREAU SERVICES,~.JINC.LANSING, MICHIGAN a , . ", .

, •...• ~ • .• ,. t •

They Should Grow RapidlyAnd Mature Early

Enough

'Michigan poultrymen can't 'agree.Although thousands of them havechanged their poultry managementpractices in order to hatch or pur-chase baby chicks in February orMarch, the most popular month stillis April and many are started in lay.

So Ray Conolly as field managerof the Michigan State Poultry Im-provement association, with head-quarters at Michigan State Colle e,sums up what different treatmentare required by the later chicks.

February and March chicks canbe brooded under more even tem-peratures, disease is less prevalentand pullets start laying when eggsare highest in price, broilers go tomarket when prices are best andthe early brooding is at a time whena farmer has free time.

Methods for May ChicksHere are a ,few of the advantages

of the later hatching. The chicksgrow rapidly after April or Mayhatching. Insects are plentiful, sun-shine is easier to get, chieks are us-ually lower in price, less heat is re-quired for brooding.

But good poultry practices arenecessary for these later chicks,Conolly points out. Brooder housetemperatures should be the same asfor earlier chicks. Feeding practicesshould .be similar except the mashconsumption should be encouragedrather than heavy grain feeding.

Most important is sanitation to curbdisease. Clean ground is necessary.Houses should be cleaned frequentlyand kept on clean ground. Feed hop-pers and water dishes must be re-moved and cleaned often. Chicksshould be kept away from old stock.

Thus, says Conolly, there may be

V SIT ¥OU

ETMA IZED FE CE

tate CollegFertilizer

For

on

Co-op ClinicsAnnounced for June

The second series of Co-operativeClinic meetlngs for directors andmanagers of Michigan farm co-opera-tives will be held June 3-6 at Shelby,Grand Rapids, St. Joseph and Hills-dale, and June 10-13 at St. Louis,Howell, New Haven and Cass City,all evening meetings starting at 6: 30with supper. The programs are pre-pared by the Farm Bureau Services,Inc., the Michigan Elevator Exchangeand the Michigan state College ec-onomics dep't. The idea is to presentthe helpful developments amonglocal co-operatives and to keep thefarmers elevators and their stateexchanges abreast of the times inall matters affecting their business.

Peach Pits WasteTumed into Fuel

Nine years ago, R. Hensley of SanlLeandro, California, was making abare living trucking peach pits froma cannery and dumping them into SanFrancisco Bay. But as 81 result of albrigtht idea he had, he now makes aprofitaible income selling the pits as

AlfALFA ESPONDSTO FERTILIZERDoesn't Ta.ke Many of the

Extra Pounds of Hayto Pay Off

Alfalfa or clover has to "eat at sec-ond table" so to speak, and take whatmay be left following the grain har-vest.

If a soil has been sufficiently limed,the seed inoculated, and still theyields are low, the trouble undoubted-ly is mineral deficiencies-lack ofavailable potash or phosphates, A 3-ton alfalfa hay crop takes with it fromthe field as much phosphate and pot-ash plant food as contained in about400 pounds of an 0-8-32 fertilizer. Itis no wonder alfalfa runs low on avail-able potash or phosphate when cut forhay for several years, if the soil doesnot have a very high reserve of theseplant foods.

When seeding alfalfa on a silt loamsoil found to be low in both phosphateand potash, an application of 300-400pounds of 0-12-12 or 0-20-20 per acreis recommended. On sandy soils thesame rate of an 0-20-20 is suggested.For established stands, a top-dressingof 200-300 pounds of similar fertilizersafter the first cutting is used to main-tain fertility and assure good haycrops year after year.

For instance, an increase of only ahalf-ton of $10-per-ton alfalfa will us-uaTIy pay for a 2-ton limestone appli-cation. An extra 100 pounds of 0-12-12fertilizer from the Farm Bureau, cost-ing about $1.20, would be paid forless than 300 pounds of $10 alfalfahay. If a grower is trying to decidehow much potash he can afford to usealong with the phosphates, an applica-tion of 300 pounds of 0-20-20fertilizerwould cost approximately $4.00. Insix cuttings of hay over a 2-year per-iod, only 55 pounds more hay per acreper cutting will pay for the extra pot-ash in the 0-20-20. Such small but yetprofitable differences in yield can becredited to fertilizers.

fuel. Sun-dried in an open 'field, thepits are said to give as much heata's coal.' The low-cost fuel is used inhome furnaces, stoves and grates.

Classified AdsClassified advertisements are cash with order at the following

rates: 4 cents per ¥ford for one edition. Ads to appear in two ormore editions tako the rate of S cents per word per edition.

BABY CHICKS PLANTS

DE LE

Reportpplic tionOats

What does it take to make a f rtt-lizer application pay, even on a cropsuch a oats which normally are pri .ed lower than other grains?

One answer to this question 0111 sfrom R. L. Cook, soil peciali t atMichigan tate College. five bushelan acre increase pa s 200 pounds of0-20-0 when oats are selling for 40 to45 cents a bushel.

Tests 011 the John M. Reagh farmin Tuscola county were run for fi €Iyear. Legumes and livestock rna urewere plentiful, so 20 per cent super-phosphate was used. An applicationof 200 pounds an acre gave a returnof 1.79 for each dollar invested infertilizer.

On low producing sandy loamswhere legumes have not been grownrecently, an application of 150 to 250pounds of 4-16-8 is the best reconunen-dation. Where more organic matteris indicated and where barnyard ma-nure and legumes have been appliedin management programs, 150 to 250pounds of 2-12-6 does a better job.Oats or barley seeded with clover oralfalfa on the better sandy soils willdo well on 250 to 350 pound of 0-12-12,as the legumes do not need the nitro-gen but will need more potash.

~:z.~ ~Q.)g~ . ?:7 ~(~ v ,.r.:.

- ~:>.. 'i-t--" . _.E pClnsion wings ., perfected h CIting bar .,dreftless ventlleticn •• full dge h Clling ••Celotex insulated Armco Ml'IClI construction•• full automatic controls. Order Now WhilePrices Are low.

Th CYCLONE M G. CO., U AN, IN •

CHiCKS! CHiCKS! READY NOW.Barred Rocks for broilers and layers.Certified Leghorn. Sexed cockerels andpullets, both breeds. R. O. P. breeder.Write or visit LOWDE FARMS, P. O.Rives Junction, 'Hchigan. Location,Henrietta. (Farm Bureau member).

(3-tf-36b)

BEE HIVES, SECTIONS, COMB FOUN-dations, etc. Outfit for beginners. Sendfor catalog. GRAFTI G for or-chardist. Both hand and brush wax.BERRY BASKETS A D CRATES. Sendfor prices. ;;1. H. H T & SO , 511 .Cedar t., Lansing; Michigan. (4-2t-39b)

MICHIGAN SEPTIC TANK SIP-HONand bell as recommended by State Col-lege Agr'l ERgineering dep't, Build yourown septic tank and sewage system. In-stall When tank is built. Installation andoperation simple. Discharges automati-cally. Have been sold 16 yean. All indaily use and giving satisfaction. In-structions With each siphon. Price, de-livered, $7.60 which Includes sales tax.C. O. D. charges are e tra. Farm Bu~uSupply Stqre, 728 E. Shlawassee St., Lan-••inc. (R-4-tf- Ob)

WATER SOFTENER

HARD WATER TROUBLE? SEND USa sample of the water. Give size of fam-ily. We give you a tree estimate 9Dequipment needed to ~t rid of thetrouble. Co-op Water Softener with newtype of mineral, all in one tank, softenswater softer than rain water. Removesiron, objectional taste, odor and colornow present in water. Saves its costIn one year. Semi-automatic. Requiresonly three minutes attention to regener-ate. Priced from UO to $150. See yourFarm Bureau dealer, or write Farm Bur-eau servtc s, Electrical Deop't, 728 E.Shiawa:s St.., Lansing, Uch. (9-2- 3b)

CERTIFIED, FROST.PROOF CAB-bage and onion plants. Cabbage allvarie~ies. Parcel post prepaid, 200, 6ficents, 500, $1.00; 1,000, $1.75. Expresscollect, 2,500, $2.00. Onion, all vari ties,parcel post prepaid, 600, 60 cents; 1,000,1.00. Express collect, 6,000, $2.00.

Prompt shipment, afe arrival, satisfac-tion guaranteed. Catalog free. UnionPlant Company, Texarkana, Arkansas.

(2-4t-50-ba)

When yoU're in town this Saturday,drop in and see your bethanized fencedealer. He has something special to showyou-a 4-value rust-fighting fence witheverything it takes to be an outstandingfence buy.

Here's the story:Bethanized fence isn't just hot-dipped.

It's bethanized. That means that theprotective zinc coating is locked in placeby a powerful even-flowing electriccurrent.

What a big difference that makes!The bethanized zinc coating is tighter,m.ore uniformly applied, purer, than any

w

On Southern Michigan farms is anormal animal population of approxi-mately 726,00 cattle, 288,000 hogs,755,000 sheep and lambs, and 448,000cows and heifers, two years old orover (veal source). From these farmsand herds fiow a steady stream oflivestock for slaughter.

~Iother fence coating that money can buy.

When you back up this improved rust-prot7ction. by heavy, full-gage copper-bearing wire, strong flexible hinge-jointconstruction, and generous tension curvesyou've got a long-lasting combinationthat can't be beat for love or money.

Don't pass up a chance to see betha-nized fence this coming Saturday. Checkour statements yourself. The bethanizedfence dealer will be glad to tell you moreabout. bethanized fence, explain why thiselectrically-coated farm fence is an invest-ment th.at's good for many years to come.Bethanized fence costs no more.

Dairy BarnMilk HousePoultry HouseGranaryPotato CellarIce HouseMachine ShedCooling Tank

SPECIAL MUCK LAND SEEDS. RAIS·ed and used by us. Yellow Dent Corn,.•Iuoksoy Beans, luckland Barley, Ar. Todd Co., Mentha, Mich. (4-2t-22b)

POULTRY UPPLIESPOULTRY LITTER - SERVALL(made from ugar cane)- dustless,odorless, absorbent, sterilized litter. Willk ep poultry house and brooder sanitary.The light color brightens the quarters-keeps floors dry. IOO-pound bales. AnAmerican farm product. e AmericanHtter. Most dealer now have it. Askfor descriptive booklet. giving dealer'sname. Harry Gates Company, Hudson::MICHIGA di tributor. (2-4t-57p)

REGIS1ERED HEREFORD, BULLSand heifers. W have a nice electionSensible prices. A. M. Todd Co.• Men~tha, (14 miles northwe t of Kalamazoo).

(7-3-tf-22b)

REG. GUERNSEY BULL CALVES UPto one ~. ar old. Write for pictures andrecord. Hooks Acres, Brighton, .•Hch.

(5-2t-l -p)

REGISTERED HAMPSHIRE SPRINGgilts. One bred gilt. One choice 10months boar. Hook Acres Brighton,Mich. ' (5-2t-16P)

PHOTO FINI RINGAT LAST! ALL YOUR SNAPSHOTSnatural colors! Roll developed, naturalcolor print, only 25 cent.. Reprint 3cents. Amazingly utiful .• aturalColor Photo, Jane Ville, Wiscon~in.

(3-tf-25b)

Hog HouseSeptic TankStorag ollarCorn CribF ding FloorSmoke HouseWat r 'rroughF'arrn Homestead

Write for your copy,

( T se penny postcard or this coupon)

j---------- 1Portland Cement Association,

I Dept. W5-4 Olds Tower Bldg., II Lansing, Michigan" II PI ase s nd me "Plans for Concrete I

Farm Buildings".I II arne I

I St. or H..R. No I

I City State .......................•II I--------- ... _----

IE

Seeators.ideal

the BIG JEW 1940 Electric Farm Refriger-Their special interior design makes them

for farm needs. They will bring new canvenience and help Increase farm income.

EE YOUR EL.EC7: tc"'THIS AD PUBLISHED' IN CO-OPERATION WITH

f

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FAu E

MICHIGAN FARM NEWS SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1940

e and Program oflor Farm Bureau

STATE FARM BUREAU PRESENTS BAOKGROUND MATERIALFOR OOMMUNITY GROUP DISCUSSIONS DURING MAY

By KEI7'H A. 'llAN ER 11. What is the Junior Farm Bureau?M em bership Relations and Education "T'he Junior Farm Bureau i a 1 ad-

FOREWORD: The del gates from ership training institutio~ o~ organiza-th ommunity Farm Bureau groups, tion, sponsored by the MlOhlgan StateIn their meeting last summer decided Farm Bureau, for the I'm 1 young peo-upon the year's them , "How to Get ple in the state, who are beyond highBetter Pric for Farm Products.' school age.Th y divided the dt cussion into "The objectives of the Junior Farmth foliow~ng mo~thlY to~~~::;:""What's Bureau are to provide training andWrong wun AgrJ ultur ., The Co- -acti round for the rural youngoperative • y", "Agricultural Ad- prac Ice g .. .justment" "'rh Farm Bureau and people to acquire sktlls of IeadershipIt S t-up", "How the Farm Bureau so that agriculture of the future mayProsrram Has Benefit d Me", "Plan- have skilled leaders, and be able toning th Campaign", and "The Work acquire information and knowled e onof the Farm Bureau". their own initiative, as will help them

All of these dil!lcUrslons center have a more secure future."around adult problem~ and programs; 2. What is the size of the Junior1:10 the delegates felt It we.ll to ~evot Farm Bur.eau?the month of lay to a discus JOn of .the "Junior Farm Bureau", so as to "There are 42 Junior Farm Bureausbecome b tter acquaint d with our located in 39 counties. The member-young folks, th Ir problems and the ship in each Junior group runs, onjunior organtzatton. the average, from eight to twelve

RURAL YOUTH MOVEMENT members to a total of 150 members, asRural young people are very for- is the case in the Branch County

tunate in being a ble to have an organ- group."ized program from the time they are 3. How is the Junior Farm Bureautwelve years of age until they are Organized?ready to assume the responsibilities "The officers of these Junior Farmof an adult organization. At the age Bureaus are officially elected in Julyof twelve a farm boy and girl has the and take up their duties in October.privilege of becoming a 4-H Club The purpose of this is to allow newmember, and has the choice of several officers to have plenty of time to pre-proj cts, which are under the super- pare and educate themselves to theirvision of an adult group leader. All new job. Each county has one or twoof thi is made po sible through the meetings in August, when the year'sSmith-Lever Law. program is planned. The majority of

When a rural boy or girl enters these organizatioas have a meetinghigh school, it is possible for them to every two weeks, and once each monthcontinue their project work under the during the summer months."direction of a mith-Hughes teacher. A. The State Council.This law provides teachers in both "The governing body of the Juniorhorne economics and vocational agrl- Farm Bureau is called the state coun-culture. ell. It meets once each three months

Even though agriculture is consid- and is cornposen of all the presidentsered the most important occupation of the Junior Farm Bureaus. The statein the country and has been called council decides all business as it con-the back-bone of the nation, it was cerns the Junior Farm Bureau, laysone of the last courses to find its way plans, and builds policies toward's theinto the high school curriculum. It effective working of the organization.was not until 1925 that the Future By this set-up, all the Junior FarmFarmers of merlca organization was Bureaus are constantly in contactd'ormulated, !With its slogan, "Earning with other Junior Farm Bureaus, andWhile Learning". the policies rest directly in the hands

We now find our rural young folks of the leaders of each Junior Farmgraduating from high school with an Bureau."excellent training in project method B. Regional Directors.and procedure as well as training in "In order to effectively keep theconducting a business meeting of Junior Farm Bureaus in working rela-their 'Own organization, which has tionship, the state is divided intobeen under the direction of some of twelve regions, with approximatelyour ablest rural leaders. These stu- four counties to each region. Thedents have been a part of an organ- young people name a representativeized program which has trained and of their membership within the region,guided th m through adolescence. as their member to the state boardNow, what happens to their training of directors. This regional directorafter they have reached the out-of is directly responsible for the con-school age? duction of regional meetings and in

The Junior Farm Bureau assisting in local programs. OnceThis is the point where the Junior each year, usually the first week in

Farm Bureau enters the picture-to ovember, the entire membership ofbridge the gap from boy and girl ac- the Junior Farm Bureau gathers attivities to adult activities; to allow the state convention. It is in theyouth to have transitory experiences convention that the policies are adopt-of their own. ed 'for the new year, officers are

The report of the American Youth elected, and other Ibusiness of state-Commission, •• ural Youth in Farm wide nature is transacted."Organization", gives the following C. County Delegates.comment on the Michigan Junior Farm "Each county is allowed two votingBureau: delegates, and the business of the con-

" s an outgrowth of a desire to vention must be placed in the handstrain young farmers for future aggres- of the local Junior Farm Bureaus atsive relationship, the Michigan Junior least a month previous to the conven-Farm Bureau was organized in the tion. This enables the local Juniorspring of 1934. Membership is ron- Farm Bureau to make its decisionsfined to those eighteen to twenty-eight and instruct its delegates on the bust-years of age, and is comprised most- ness that is to be conducted at thely of high school graduates, many of convention."whom took vocational agriculture and 4. What is the membership policy ofremain 011 the farm after graduation. the Junior Farm Bureau?

t th present time there are over "Membership to Junior Farm Bur-2,000 young people in this state set-up, eaus is usually one dollar vel' year, ofwith 42 counti s having local groups. which fifty cents goes into the treas-

"Ohi f aims of the program are to: ury of the State Junior Farm Bureau.1. Bridge the gap -betwen youth This fund is entirely under the con-

and adult activities; trol and direction of the state officers2. Provide a program for continu- and the state board of directors. It

lug ducation among rural young is used for the conduction of the radiopeopl ; program, the state convention, ex-

3. Furnish training and ground pens s of regional directors and statework for rural leadership; officers. Each Junior Farm group has

4. Provide challenging vocational a membership in the senior Farm Bu-ilacement of worthy leaders in the reau.

agricultural field, and "The state director of the Junior5. Correlate and consolidate the Farm Bureau and the state office is

strength of progre sive young people supported by the Michigan Statefor t11 largest good to rural Mich- Farm Bureau."Igan.' 5. What are the problems of the

During a recent talk with the state Junior Farm Bureau?director of the Junior Farm Bureau A. Developing confidence within the

11'. Benjamin Hennink, the fOllowin~ young people.material was discussed: "First, the development of poise and

confidence in the young people in anattempt to aolve this problem, youngpeople find that they have little ifany skill or resource by way of train-ing in the matters of parliamentary pro-cedure, public speaking, conductingan active program, and public rela-tions. In the course of developingthese skills they make a great manymistakes, and the hard work that ittakes usually appeals to only a com-paratively few. The original groupstarting a Junior Farm Bureauchanges considerably as to personnelin the first difficult months. Thosewho have the courage, however, tostick it out, eventually become thosewho find their way into responsibleposition in the farm program."B. Creating a vision of agriculture.

"The first problem is one of creat-ing a vision within the leaders a tothe part they are to play in ,formulat-ing a Ibetter ituation in agriculture.We attempt to solve thi problem intwo ways. Fir t, by the camping pro-gram; a it brings important peopleto meet with the young people. ec-ondly, we attempt to have the youngpeopl actively expre their vipoint, fir t to their 0 zn meeting . thenin joint meting with other JuniorFarm Bureaus, and finally 'ithin thesenior roup. They thereby build upan ability to . pre their riewpotnt.If it i not bas ed on ound ra ts andtudy, they alone are to blame."

C. K ping B' nc d Org niz tlon.

"The third problem of the JuniorFarm Bureau has to do with the mat-ter of Ife ding in new young people atthe bottom 'and to encourage the oldery ng ,people of the organization toaggressively participate in mouldingcounty Farm Bureau program andtake adult reponajblllties.'D. Public Relations.

"The final problem, which will al-ways be vresent, is in the field ofpublic relations. Quite often themethod of handling the new JuniorFarm Bureaus, and for that matter,all of them, is criticised; because it isclaimed that not enough control andguidance on leader hip is exercisedover the groups. The policy has been,and will be, that the young peoplemust sweat out their experiences anddo the job of training their leadershipthemselves. All the help, counsel andadvice that they feel is necessary tocall upon to assist them, is available;but trhey must learn by themselves ofthe resources they can employ to as-sist them in doing a good job. Wefind so often the lack of appreciationand acknowledgement of the fact, thatthe young, people 011 the land are theones who have the inherent right tomanage, control, and direct thosepolicies which affect their business.The Junior Farm Bureau is attempt-ing to develop in those young peoplethose skills and attitudes which willenable them to plan and direct thoseforces and factors which operate foror gainst their well-being."

'l\he above material gives a mentalpicture of the Junior Farm Bureau set-up and the work they are striving toaccomplish. It seems that the Com-munity groups should be able to workwith the Junior Farm Bureau in bring-ing about a more constructive pro-gram and a better informed member-ship in both the groups. The JuniorFarm Bureau is doing a splendid jobin helping our young people duringthis transitional period in their lives.It is helping these rural youth to dis- ,cover tools which they can use to help Ibring about a solution to their adultproblems. The Junior Farm Bureau isnot an end in itself, but a means toan end.

THE YOUTH PROBLEM INGENERAL

There are about twenty-one millionAmericans between the ages of six-teen and twenty-four. Fifty per centof this number live on farms or intowns of less than twenty-five hundredpopulation.

RURAL YOUTHWe do not hear a great deal about

the ten million farm boys and girlsbecause most of them are living athome. It may be of interest toanalyze these farm you ths still furtherand to learn how they are living.

About one-half of the rural boysare in school; one-sixth of the boysare classified as unpaid family work-ers; one-fifth are unemployed; andabout seven Iper cent of the boys re-ceive a share of the profits or receiveproduce in lieu of cash. Seventy-fiveper cent of the girls have no jobs.

RURAL OPPORTUNITIESDIMINISHING

In that pamphlet "Rural Youth", 'theational Youth Administration pre-

sents material explaining why ruralopportunities are diminishing.

"Older city people who come fromthe country thirty or forty years agoand who remember farm life as it wasthen, are sometimes unable to realizehow different farm conditions arenow.

"There are still a good many pros-perous farms, and the young peoplewho inherit them will have the ad-vantages of modern methods withwhich to carryon (farm work. Butlandless country boys can no longergo out to a free frontier and start newfarms of their own. Youth's presentopportunity for farm occupancy canbe measured by comparing the num-ber of farms with the number ofboys who might want to occupy them.

There are census figures that showhow many in farm families die or be-come too old to work, and how manyfarm ,boys are growing up to taketheir Iplaces. In 1920, for example,160,000 farmers died or reached theage of 65; and that same year 337,000farm boys reached the age of eighteen.Thus, there are more than twice asmany boys coming along as there arefarms ,for them to inherit, or take over,the boys surplus was 177,000. And in1930 the situation was worse. ThE'surplus of boys with no prospects offarm occupancy was 201,000.

"How long will this go on? Vitalstatistics how that the number ofbirths in this country was on the in-crease up to the early 1920's, and theannual increase in boys reachingeighteen can therefore be 'expected tocontinue until the early 1940's. The'birth rate is now falling in mostrural areas as well as in the city. Butwith the improvement of health serv-ice fewer children die in infancy. Theproportion of urplus youth to avail-able farms will continue to be largefor many years."SEEKING WORK IN OWN DISTRICT

We also find that the AmericanYouth Commission states that duringthe early 1920's there were severalmillion rural youth who left theirhomes to seek work in cities, But thistotal has changed considerably inthe last few years. 'We now find therural youth seeking and making jobswithin their own districts, as well agoing into farming for themselves.They are going into mercantile enter-prises in the smaller town , rural co-opera tive buying and elling e tabli h-ment. , working in filling station , driv- ,

.< • n lnu II n 1) G' 2,} I.--------------------------------------------------.ai-!!I!II--. ...II!!I'[I!III.•~---- ...

ee are•ertl •I.zersaPar Crops

GSetters

Per Tonor More AV

Fertilizersthe Farm

2 to

o r ureto Fall 1939, because

reduced .fertilizer prices.ComparedBureau has

NITROGE STARTS early or late planted cropsFarm Bureau uses the "starting kind of nitrogen" ... 9S % water

soluble nitrogen that is quickly available to plants to give them a quickstrong start. Our phosphorus and potash are the best. We have theRECOMMENDED ANALYSES for all Michigan crops and soils. Beahead wtih Farm Bureau fertilizer! At Farm Bureau dealers.

Michigan Crop Improvement Ass'n certified Michigan Hardiganand Grimm alfalfa seeds are the cheapest we've seen them ina long time. Their quality is wonderful! The seed is eligiblefor re-certification for seed production. If you want the bestfoundation stock for seed production, this is your opportunity.Certified Hardigan or Grimm has no superior for yield andquality of hay. (We have complete stocks of other alfalfa seed).

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RELIABLE HYBRID CORN!Ensilage Corn Order these Michigan adapted hybrid corns from your co-op

while stocks last, They have made good in Michigan StateCollege test plots. See Measuring Hybrid Corns for Michiga.n,1938-39 Trials, Michigan St-ate College. (College Bulletin).

Speak to your Farm Bureau dealer now for Farm Bur-eau seed corn. The best seed corn is a low cost in-vestment par acre and pays big. HUSKING CORNS-We offer certified M. A. C., Polar Dent, Duncan, GoldenGlow, Picketts, Ferden's Yellow Dent. ENSILAGECORN- e offer corn of the best varieties for the sev-eral corn growing zones in Michigan. Also, Michiganhybrid 561 for ensilage.

Variety Corn Zljl18

MICHIGAN 1218 3MICHIGAN 561 1WISCONSIN-Mich. GrownNo. 645 ............................•... 1No. 606 2No. 525 ;3No. 531 •.........•.................•..• 3No. 355 5

MINN ESOT A-M ich. GrownNo. 402 ...........•............•....... 4 II. 5KINGCROST (pure yel. corn)

E 6A3 •.•..•..•...•...•.•.....•.••.•.......•4 &. 604 3o 3

OH10-certifiedK.23 ......................•.......•..•1 &. 2

LOVE SOY BEANS - SUDAN GRASSFarm Bureau has plenty of A-1Michigan grown June, Alsike andMammoth clover seed. All pure,high gerlirinating seed, and thevery best for Michigan farms,Farm Bureau brand clover andalfalfa. seeds come to you insealed b hel bags .

MANCHU SOY BEANS are best for Michigan. Our stocks are high germinating.We also have some Manchus containing 2 to 3% of Illini soy beans. Both goodbuys for emergency pasture or hay crop, or for soil building purposes .• FARMBUR~Al! SUDAN GRASS comes from Texas. High quality seed, and of goodgernllnatlon.l

TimothyPea Beans

RapeVetch

Atlas SorgoIf you must cut your corn acre-age, you can sow Atlas Sorgofor ensilage. Seed is certified.

SunflowerBuckwheat

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