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ForJudyandErin,asalways.

Contents

AboutThisBookHowtoUseThisBook

Lesson1Synonyms,I1.1ALittleSuperhero1.2ABigEstuary1.3AFrighteningCharacter

Lesson2Synonyms,II2.1AGreatTouristAttraction2.2AnAviationFirst2.3AnOldTown

Lesson3Antonyms,I3.1ASinglePresident3.2FamousRabbit’sLine3.3AnAmericanFirst

Lesson4Antonyms,II4.1ComicStripDetective4.2MarkTwain4.3GreatWordsofaGreatPresident

Lesson5Homographs,I5.1AnAmericanShowman5.2AMany-SidedFigure5.3AParliament

Lesson6Homographs,II6.1RighttoLeftandLefttoRight6.2BloodPressure6.3AComputerBug

Lesson7Homophones,I7.1AManofGreatIntellectandTalent7.2ASurveyor’sTool7.3VolcanicRockwithaSpecialProperty

Lesson8Homophones,II8.1PaulRevere’sFellowRiders8.2HowDeep?8.3TheUSSConstitution

Lesson9EasilyConfusedWords,I9.1AFirstfortheSupremeCourt9.2ExtinctAnimals9.3AFamilyPet

Lesson10EasilyConfusedWords,II10.1SymbolofaPoliticalParty10.2ASomewhatUnpleasantCharacter10.3AnUncommonTwo-TermPresident

Lesson11EasilyConfusedWords,III11.1ALongTail11.2ASubmarineFirst11.3AFirstforaPresident

Lesson12WordswithLatinRoots,I12.1Comets12.2KingTut12.3Uranus

Lesson13WordswithLatinRoots,II13.1AnImitator13.2ABarber’sSon13.3InternetInventor

Lesson14WordswithGreekRoots,I14.1FourSpecialWords14.2AOne-of-a-KindState14.3Volcano

Lesson15WordswithGreekRoots,II15.1Canada15.2AStoryforAllAges15.3DollytheSheep

Lesson16Prefixes,I

16.1FirstforaPostageStamp16.2Penguins16.3GreatSealoftheUnitedStates

Lesson17Prefixes,II17.1Mercury17.2Goldfish17.3ABigVolcano

Lesson18Suffixes,I18.1ColonialNewspaperEditor18.2ACrayonMilestone18.3AForgottenCharacter

Lesson19Suffixes,II19.1PlayBall!19.2WestoftheMississippi19.3Milwaukee

Lesson20WordsThatName,I20.1AnAmericanNovelist20.2UndertheSea20.3AnUnusualSnake

Lesson21WordsThatName,II21.1AFamousRabbit21.2CrackerJack21.3BreakingtheSoundBarrier

Lesson22WordsThatName,III22.1Minnesota22.2KingKong22.3AVeryLoudAnimal

Lesson23WordsThatName,IV23.1AnArchenemy23.2Alabama23.3AChicagoFirst

Lesson24ActionWords,I24.1ACandyMan

24.2ADifferentMethodforGrowingPlants24.3TheThreeMusketeers

Lesson25ActionWords,II25.1ASneeze-CausingPlant25.2CandyMaker25.3Andromeda

Lesson26ActionWords,III26.1TheFirstLoser26.2AnAmericanCookbook26.3BigNewsViaTelegraph

Lesson27ActionWords,IV27.1Chimpanzees27.2Ohio27.3AFirstfortheU.S.Congress

Lesson28DescriptiveWords,I28.1InPursuitofAtoms28.2Grenada28.3CleaningtheCoasts

Lesson29DescriptiveWords,II29.1YourLungs29.2ACaveResearcher29.3Teeth

Lesson30DescriptiveWords,III30.1TheHairsonYourHead30.2ABookCollector30.3AnAncientCity

Lesson31DescriptiveWords,IV31.1YourBloodVessels31.2ASecret31.3ASpecialScience

Lesson32CompoundWords,I32.1CartoonSorcerer32.2FirstTelevisedPresidentialDebate

32.3TheStarsintheSky

Lesson33CompoundWords,II33.1TheChipmunks33.2TheFirstMoonLanding33.3TheWizardofOz

Lesson34WordsfromOtherLanguages,I34.1ElectricEels34.2TheStatueofLiberty34.3Freshwater

Lesson35WordsfromOtherLanguages,II35.1FootSize35.2AFictionalDetective35.3Motion

Lesson36WordsBasedonNames36.1TheTopThreeElements36.2UsedtheWorldOver36.3TheTallandtheShort

Lesson37WordsforReadersandWriters37.1UncommonPresidents37.2DriestandLowest37.3ALotofMackerel

Lesson38MathWords38.1ANumbersMan38.2Hamburger38.3RollerCoaster

Lesson39SocialStudiesWords39.1YourMuscles39.2ALegendaryBasketballPlayer39.3APresidentialResignation

Lesson40ScienceWords40.1MoonRocks40.2MountRushmore40.3Twinkies

WordListAnswerKey

AboutThisBook

Wordsarethefoundationofreading,speaking,andwriting.Itisthroughwordsthatweshareideasandlearnnewthings.Yourunderstandinganduseofwords—yourvocabulary—relatedirectlytolearning.Studentswhohaverichvocabulariesusuallydobetterinschoolthanstudentswhosevocabulariesarepoor.

Thelessonsinthisbookprovidemorethan450wordsthatarefoundinsixth,seventh,andeighthgradecurriculums.Thedefinitionsofthesewordsincludemorewordsthatcanexpandyourvocabularyevenfurther.Manyofthewordsthroughoutthisbookappearonstandardizedtests.PracticeMakesPerfect:MasteringVocabularycanbeahelpfulresourceforlearningthe

meaningsandusesofwords.Itcanbeusedbybothstudentsandteachers.Students(workingaloneorwiththeirparents)cancompletethelessons,whileteacherswillfindthematerialsofthebookusefulforclassroominstruction.

Havingabroadvocabularyisakeytobeingsuccessfulinschoolandbeyond.Itismyhopethatthisbookwillmakeyourstudyofvocabularyanenjoyableexperience.

HowtoUseThisBook

PracticeMakesPerfect:MasteringVocabularycontainsfortylessons.Eachlessonfocusesonaparticulartypeofwordorwordgroupandincludesalistofwordsandthreepracticeworksheets.Analphabeticallistofthewordsinthelessonsandananswerkeyfortheworksheetsconcludethebook.

Thefirstpageofeachlessonpresentswordsyoushouldknow.Mostlessonspresenttenwords,butafewpresentmore.Formostlessons,wordsareshownwiththeirpartofspeech,definition,andasamplesentence.AVocabularyTipisincludedatthebottomofthepage.Youshouldstudythelistofwordsandtheirdefinitionsforeachlessonbeforetryingtodotheworksheets.Useyourdictionarytocheckthemeaningsofanywordsinthedefinitionsthatarenewtoyou.Learningthesewords,alongwiththewordspresentedinthelesson,willexpandyourvocabularygreatly.

Theworksheetsaredesignedtomakelearningvocabularyeasyandfun.Eachworksheetbeginswithaquestionthatyoucananswerbycompletingtheworksheetcorrectly.Trytocompletetheworksheetswithoutlookingbackatthedefinitionsofthelistwords.Lookbackonlyifyouneedhelp.

Completingtheworksheetsinthisbookwillhelpyoutoexpandyourvocabulary.Buttherearemanyotherwaysyoucanlearnnewwordsandtheirmeanings:

•Read.Readingbuildsvocabulary.Readdifferentkindsofselections:novels,shortstories,nonfictionbooks,andmagazines.Makereadingahabit.

•Usecontextcluestofindthemeaningsofnewwords.Youcanoftenfigureoutthemeaningofawordbythewayitisusedinasentence.Lookforcluesinthefollowing:ExamplesthatgivethemeaningofanewwordFamiliarwordsandphrasesthathintatthemeaningofanewwordPhrasesafternewwordsthatcontaintheirdefinitionsSynonymsandantonymsthathelpyoutounderstandthemeaningsofnewwords

•Whennecessary,useadictionarytofindthemeaningsofnewwords.•Whenyoulearnanewword,noteifithasmultiplemeanings.Manywordsdo.Trytolearnthedifferentmeaningsofnewwords.

•Learnthemeaningsofprefixesandsuffixes.Prefixesandsuffixesalterthemeaningsofwords.Useyourunderstandingofprefixesandsuffixestohelpyouunderstandthemeaningsofthewordstowhichtheyareattached.

•Whenyoulearnanewword,repeatitanditsmeaningsilentlytoyourself.Thinkofhowthewordisrelatedtootherwords.Thiswillhelpyoutorememberit.

•Thinkofanewword’ssynonymsandantonyms.Thiswillbroadenyourunderstandingoftheword.

•Writedownnewwordsandtheirmeaningsina“NewWords”notebook.Reviewyournotebookfromtimetotimetorefreshyourmemory.

•Useathesaurustofindthesynonymsofwords.•Dowordgamessuchascrosswordpuzzles.•Lookfornewwordswhereveryougo,everyday,andineverysubjectinschool.

Assoonasyoulearnnewwords,makethemapartofyourvocabulary.Usetheminyourspeaking,reading,andwriting.

Synonyms,I

Asynonymisawordthathasthesame,ornearlythesame,meaningasanotherword.

1.adequate(adj):suitable;sufficient;satisfactory;enough;ampleThereplacementpartsfortheoldlawnmowerwereadequate.

2.fickle(adj):changeable;capricious;erratic;whimsicalSaraisfickleandconstantlychangeshermind.

3.humility(n):modesty;humblenessPeter’shumilitymakeshimoneofthemostrespectedstudentsinschool.

4.loathe(v):hate;detest;scorn;disdainIloathesnakesofanykind.

5.flamboyant(adj):showy;flashy;ostentatiousWearingacheckeredshirtandstripedpants,thecomedianmadeaflamboyantentrance.

6.versatile(adj):resourceful;ingenious;talentedUncleBobisversatileandcanfixjustaboutanything.

7.torrid(adj):hot;scorching;burning;broilingThetorridtemperatureofthedesertwasunbearable.

8.vicious(adj):cruel;ferocious;fierce;violentTheviciousdogsnarledandgrowled.

9.opponent(n):adversary;foe;antagonist;competitorMyopponentforthetennismatchwastheformerchampion.

10.serene(adj):tranquil;pleasant;peaceful;composedWespentasereneafternooninthepark.

VocabularyTip

Learningthesynonymsofwordsisanexcellentwaytobuildyourvocabulary.

1.1ALittleSuperhero

Thissuperheroisassociatedwiththewords“HereIcometosavetheday.”Whoishe?Toanswerthequestion,matcheachwordontheleftwithitssynonymontheright.Write

theletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.2ABigEstuary

ThisisthelargestestuaryintheUnitedStates.Whatisitsname?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordwith

itssynonym.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Rolandcametothedancewithaflamboyantredandpurplecoat.S.erraticP.flashyE.ample

2.Wecouldnotstopsweatinginthetorridafternoonsun.A.scorchingI.ostentatiousU.capricious

3.Thegladiatortookhispositioninthearenaandwaitedforhisfoe.N.scornT.versatileS.opponent

4.Theficklewomancouldnotdecidewhichoneofadozenoutfitstobuy.O.sereneY.talentedE.capricious

5.Thebarbarianleaderwascruelinbattleandofferednomercy.A.flamboyantE.viciousR.whimsical

6.Iliketosleeplateandloathewakingupearlyinthemorning.E.hateM.peacefulO.satisfactory

7.Theversatiletoolcontainedascrewdriver,pliers,andscissors.A.ingeniousI.erratic

S.ample

8.Tomwasconfidenthehadpackedsufficientfoodforthecampingtrip.S.pleasantH.versatileC.adequate

9.Wehadhopedtospendaserenedaybythepoolinourbackyard,butitrained.H.tranquilR.broilingO.changeable

10.Humilityisatraiteveryoneshouldpossess.E.AntagonistY.ModestyT.Adequate

1.3AFrighteningCharacter

ThischaracterterrifiedIchabodCraneinWashingtonIrving’sstory,“TheLegendofSleepyHollow.”Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Theweatherwas__________todaywithsnow,rain,andsunshine.

2.Thewizardtransformedhimselfintoa__________,fire-breathingdragon.

3.The__________heatwavedriedupriversanddestroyedcrops.

4.Chadandhis__________inthewrestlingtournamentwerewellmatched.

5.Rogeris__________andlovesflashyclothes.

6.Thetwoprinces__________eachotherbecauseeachwishestobeking.

7.Laurenisa__________softballplayerwhocanplayseveralpositions.

8.Werelaxedandenjoyeda__________dayatthebeach.

9.Theshipbrought__________suppliesforthecoloniststosurvivethewinter.

10.Kateacceptedtheawardwithgraceand__________.

AnswersO.viciousS.versatileL.fickleH.sereneM.adequateT.flamboyantA.torridN.loatheE.humilityD.opponent

Synonyms,II

Asynonymisawordthathasthesame,ornearlythesame,meaningasanotherword.

1.vigilant(adj):watchful;wary;alertSecretServiceagentsarevigilantintheirdutytoprotectthepresident.

2.sensible(adj):astute;insightful;wiseAnnaisasensiblegirlwhoalwaysmakespracticaldecisions.

3.absurd(adj):foolish;ridiculous;ludicrous;preposterousThestorywassoabsurdthatShawnstoppedreadingafterthefirstfewpages.

4.cringe(v):flinch;shrink;cower;recoilIalwayscringeatthesightofneedles.

5.inconspicuous(adj):unremarkable;unassuming;indistinctTheundercoverpoliceofficerwasinconspicuousinhisjeansandflannelshirt.

6.bountiful(adj):abundant;plentiful;generous;fruitfulThesettlersrejoicedintheirbountifulharvest.

7.novice(n):beginner;trainee;apprentice;amateurAlthoughMandywasanoviceatfigureskating,shewaslearningquickly.

8.prior(adj):previous;earlier;precedingHavingmissedthepriormathassignment,Jessicahadtroublecompletingherhomework.

9.invincible(adj):indomitable;unconquerable;invulnerableTheking’sknightswereinvincibleinbattle.

10.emphasize(v):stress;accentuate;featureMyteachersalwaysemphasizeimportantideas.

VocabularyTip

Athesaurusisabookthatcontainsalistofwordsandtheirsynonyms.

2.1AGreatTouristAttraction

Thisplaceisconsideredtobeamajortouristattraction.ItisalsoconsideredtobetheoldesttouristattractionintheUnitedStates.Whatisit?

Toanswerthequestion,findthesynonymofeachwordbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthechoicesthatfolloweachword.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitslinenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

2.2AnAviationFirst

ThiswomanbecametheUnitedStatesArmy’sfirstfemalehelicopterpilot.Whoisshe?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordwith

itssynonym.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Mariastartedtakingdancelessonslastyearbutstillconsidersherselfanovice.D.priorL.beginnerR.vigilant

2.IcringeatthethoughtoftellingDadIbrokeawindowinthegarage.N.stressR.cowerE.wary

3.Wearingadisguise,theprincewasunassumingasheslippedoutofthecastle.Y.inconspicuousS.invincibleN.sensible

4.Tim’sexplanationofwhyhehadnotfinishedhisworkwasridiculous.H.vigilantY.absurdN.prior

5.Atourfamily’sThanksgivingdinner,weenjoyedabountifulfeast.H.plentifulM.preposterousK.previous

6.Theinvinciblecastleguardedthecountryside.S.alertU.astuteA.unconquerable

7.Duringmypresentation,IwillemphasizethecausesoftheCivilWar.R.insightfulP.stress

I.recoil

8.Thesensibledecisionistoremainathomeuntilthestormends.E.waryA.indistinctS.wise

9.SueLinmissedtheearliertryoutsfortheschoolplay.L.priorA.bountifulR.astute

10.Thepalace’sguardsarewatchfulattheirposts.E.sensibleU.vigilantO.invincible

2.3AnOldTown

ThistownhasbeencontinuouslyoccupiedlongerthananyotherinthecontinentalUnitedStates.Whatisthenameofthistownandwhatstateisitin?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Tyhasbeenridinghorsesforonlyafewweeksandisstilla__________athorsebackriding.

2.Besureto__________themajorideasinyourreport.

3.Noonecouldstopthe__________invadersastheysweptacrosstheland.

4.Alotofstudents__________whentoldtheyaregettinghomeworkduringaholiday.

5.The__________envelopeonthetablecontainedacheckforamilliondollars.

6.Thefertilelandofthevalleyallowedfarmerstogrow__________crops.

7.Theburglar’sdefensethathewasamoderndayRobinHoodwas__________.

8.__________peoplethinkcarefullybeforemakingimportantdecisions.

9.Whenapplyingforajob,Jacobhadtolisthis__________workexperience.

10.Themotherfoxwas__________ashercubsplayedoutsidetheden.

AnswersS.absurdA.vigilantF.bountifulU.noviceG.cringeN.inconspicuousO.invincibleI.emphasizeD.sensibleT.prior

Antonyms,I

Anantonymisawordthathastheoppositeorabouttheoppositemeaningofanotherword.

1.facetious(adj):playfullyhumorous;comicalAntonyms:serious;grave;solemnTheaudiencelaughedthroughoutthefacetiousplay.

2.notable(adj):prominentordistinguishedAntonyms:unimportant;undistinguished;unknownManynotableauthorsattendedthewriters’conference.

3.outlandish(adj):verystrangeorunusualinmannerorappearance;bizarreAntonyms:ordinary;familiar;usualReynaldo’srainbowwontheprizeforthemostoutlandishHalloweencostume.

4.apparent(adj):easilyseenorunderstood;obviousAntonyms:doubtful;obscure;uncertainBecky’sreliefatthehighgradeonhertestwasapparent.

5.gullible(adj):easilydeceived;unsuspectingAntonyms:suspicious;wary;skepticalGulliblepeopleoftenbecomethevictimsoffraud.

6.formidable(adj):arousingfearoralarmbecauseofstrengthorpower;intimidatingAntonyms:insignificant;powerless;weakTheSpartansofancientGreecewereformidablewarriors.

7.casual(adj):occurringbychance;notplannedAntonyms:intentional;planned;formalOurfamilyenjoyscasualactivitiesontheweekends.

8.efficient(adj):actingorworkingwithminimalwaste;effectiveAntonyms:inefficient;wasteful;unproductiveTommakesefficientuseofhistimeandfinisheshisassignmentsquickly.

9.logical(adj):showingclearreason;rationalAntonyms:illogical;confused;irrationalElenadevelopedherideasforherreportinalogicalmanner.

10.extravagant(adj):extremelylavishorabundantAntonyms:modest;restrained;thriftyMia’sparentsgaveheranextravagantsweetsixteenparty.

VocabularyTip

Whenyoulearntheantonymsofwords,youexpandyourvocabulary.

3.1ASinglePresident

ThispresidentwastheonlyU.S.presidentnevertomarry.Whowashe?Toanswerthequestion,findthewordforeachdefinitionbelow.Chooseyouranswers

fromthewordsthatfolloweachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.arousingfearoralarmbecauseofstrengthorpowerE.apparentU.formidableS.extravagant

2.playfullyhumorousO.gullibleN.efficientE.facetious

3.showingclearreasonS.efficientC.logicalI.formidable

4.extremelylavishorabundantS.extravagantA.casualR.apparent

5.actingorworkingwithminimalwasteH.efficientJ.formidableW.facetious

6.easilydeceivedO.extravagantS.outlandishM.gullible

7.prominentordistinguishedE.casualN.notable

R.logical

8.verystrangeorunusualinmannerorappearanceN.gullibleB.outlandishU.apparent

9.occurringbychance;notplannedJ.casualE.logicalR.facetious

10.easilyseenorunderstoodL.outlandishH.efficientA.apparent

3.2FamousRabbit’sLine

BugsBunnyisacartoonfavorite.Whatishisfamousline?Toanswerthequestion,matcheachwordwithitsantonym.Writetheletterofeach

answerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

3.3AnAmericanFirst

WrittenbyHarrietBeecherStowe,thisAmericannovelwasthefirsttoselloveronemillioncopies.Whatwasitstitle?

Toanswerthequestion,correctthesentencesbelowbyreplacingeachunderlinedwordwithitsantonym.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Theuseofrobotshasmadethemanufacturingprocessmorewasteful.

2.Aconartistcanconvinceaskepticalpersontobuyjustaboutanything.

3.Thechampionswereaweakfootballteam.

4.Beinganexperiencedchessplayer,thenextmovewasuncertaintoJames.

5.Lindsaywassurethatthecostforthemodestpartywasexcessive.

6.Theeventsoftheenjoyablestorybuilttoaconfusedconclusion.

7.Afterwearingasuittoworkallweek,Seanlikestowearformalclothesduringtheweekend.

8.Asanastronomerandscientist,Galileomademanyunimportantdiscoveries.

9.Darren,whowantstobeacomedywritersomeday,isalwaystellingseriousstories.

10.EveryonewasshockedattheordinarysweatertheusuallyshyLouisworetoschool.

AnswersT.apparentM.logicalN.facetiousU.outlandishS.efficientI.extravagantA.gullibleL.formidableC.casual

B.notable

Antonyms,II

Anantonymisawordthathastheoppositeorabouttheoppositemeaningofanotherword.

1.abolish(v):todoawaywith;endAntonyms:establish;build;createThemayorplanstoabolishfeesinthedowntownparkinggarage.

2.precise(adj):clearlyexpressed;definiteAntonyms:approximate;ambiguous;vagueItookprecisemeasurementsbeforecuttingthewoodforthenewshelves.

3.curtail(v):tocutshort;reduceAntonyms:expand;extend;lengthenDadhadtocurtailhisvacationbecauseofanemergencyathisoffice.

4.allegiance(n):loyaltytoanation,ruler,orcause;faithfulnessAntonyms:disloyalty;treachery;betrayalTheknightssworeallegiancetotheirnewking.

5.sagacious(adj):possessingwisdomandsoundjudgment;intelligentAntonyms:unwise;shortsighted;foolishThechiefwasasagaciousleaderwhowasrespectedbyhispeople.

6.reluctant(adj):unwilling;disinclined;unenthusiasticAntonyms:willing;eager;enthusiasticKeishaisreluctanttojoinanymoreafter-schoolclubsbecauseofherbusyschedule.

7.reputable(adj):havingagoodreputation;honorableAntonyms:disreputable;unreliable;corruptTomisareputablestudentanddeservestobeclasspresident.

8.substantial(adj):solid;strong;sizableAntonyms:unsubstantial;fragile;weak;triflingTheprosecutorpresentedsubstantialevidenceduringthetrial.

9.customary(adj):commonlypracticed;usualAntonyms:unusual;irregular;uncommonInourtown,itiscustomarytohaveaparadeontheFourthofJuly.

10.relevant(adj):relatingtothematterathand;pertinentAntonyms:irrelevant;inappropriate;unrelatedJasonmadeseveralrelevantpointsduringthedebate.

VocabularyTip

Whenyoulearnanewword,thinkofsomeofitssynonymsandantonyms.

4.1ComicStripDetective

DickTracyisafamouscomicstripdetective.WhatisthemaidennameofDickTracy’swife?

Toanswerthequestion,findthewordforeachdefinitionbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.commonlypracticedS.customaryA.relevantH.allegiance

2.possessingwisdomandsoundjudgmentA.perceptiveI.substantialE.sagacious

3.relatingtothematterathandT.relevantN.preciseS.reputable

4.tocutshort;reduceA.customaryE.curtailY.abolish

5.loyaltytoanation,ruler,orcauseR.sagaciousS.allegianceT.substantial

6.todoawaywith;endE.relevantA.abolishN.reluctant

7.havingagoodreputationR.reputableH.allegiance

A.precise

8.solid;strong;sizableS.reluctantB.sagaciousT.substantial

9.clearlyexpressed;definiteC.customaryT.preciseM.abolish

10.unwilling;disinclined;unenthusiasticE.relevantU.curtailR.reluctant

4.2MarkTwain

MarkTwainwasthepseudonymofSamuelClemens,afamousAmericanauthor.ThetermmarktwainisaMississippiRiverphrasethatreferstothedepthofwater.Whatdoesmarktwainmean?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachwordwithitsantonym.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

4.3GreatWordsofaGreatPresident

Inafamousspeechafteragreatbattle,thisAmericanpresidentdescribeddemocracyas“…governmentofthepeople,bythepeople,andforthepeople…”Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,correctthesentencesbelowbyreplacingeachunderlinedwordwithitsantonym.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.Thetown’sweakfloodwallseasilyheldtherain-swollenriverback.

2.Onceitbegansnowing,themayordecidedtoextendthemeetingwiththetowncouncil.

3.Rebeccaisashypersonwhoiswillingtospeakinfrontoflargegroups.

4.MygrandfatherwasafoolishmanwhoIcouldalwaysgotoforsoundadvice.

5.Thecitizenspledgeddisloyaltytotheircountry.

6.Wealwaysbuyproductsfromunreliablecompanies.

7.Whendiningout,itisuncommonto“tip”awaiterorwaitressforgoodservice.

8.Theteachercautionedherstudentstoonlyincludeunrelatedfactsintheirreports.

9.Congressshouldacttocreateold,outdatedlaws.

10.Youmustmakeapproximatecalculationstofindtheexactanswertoamathproblem.

AnswersM.reluctantB.customaryC.allegianceN.relevantO.substantialH.reputableI.curtailA.abolishL.preciseR.sagacious

Homographs,I

Homographsarewordsthathavethesamespellingbutdifferentmeaningsandorigins.Althoughmosthomographssoundalike,somehavedifferentpronunciations.

1.bluff(n):asteepbank,cliff,orheadlandbluff(v):tomislead,deceive,orfool

2.incense(in´s ns´)(n):asubstancethatburnswithapleasantodorincense(ins ns´)(v):tomakeangry;toinfuriate

3.poach(v):tocookinahotorboilingliquidpoach(v):totrespassinordertotakefishorgame

4.flounder(n):akindoffishflounder(v):tomoveinastruggling,clumsymanner

5.object( b´j kt,-j kt´)(n):athingobject( bj kt´)(v):toprotest

6.stoop(n):asmallporch,staircase,orplatformleadingtotheentranceofabuildingstoop(v):tobendforwardfromthewaist

7.shingles(n):roofingmaterialsshingles(n):aviraldisease

8.refrain(n):arepeatedpartofasongorpoemrefrain(v):toholdback

9.staple(n):aprincipalitemormaterialstaple(n):au-shapedmetalfastenerstaple(v):tofastenbymeansofastaple

10.rifle(n):along-barreledgundesignedtobefiredfromtheshoulderrifle(v):toransackorsearchwiththepurposeofstealing

VocabularyTip

ManywordsinEnglishhavemultiplemeanings.Thesewordsshouldnotbeconfusedwith

homographs.

5.1AnAmericanShowman

P.T.BarnumwasanAmericanshowmanbestknownforestablishingacircus.WhatwasBarnum’scircuscalled?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionontheleftwiththecorrecthomographontheright.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

5.2AMany-SidedFigure

Thisgeometricfigurehastwentyfaces.Whatisitcalled?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.MyfatherandIplanto__________thefishwecatchinmeltedbutter.

2.Thefortuneteller’sroomhadarichsmellof__________.

3.ThepuppywassosmallthatIhadto__________waydowntopickitup.

4.Mygrandfatherrecentlywasillwith__________.

5.Iwentfishingyesterdayandcaughta__________.

6.Afterclimbingtothetopofthe__________,wehadafineviewofthevalley.

7.Eventhoughmylittlebrothermayhitmewhenheismad,I__________fromhittinghim.

8.Thethiefhadjustbegunto__________throughthejewelryboxwhenthepolicearrived.

9.Grainisa__________forpeoplearoundtheworld.

10.Thomasbelievesitisthedutyofgoodcitizensto__________tounfairlaws.

AnswersD.rifleN.stoopR.bluffS.objectI.shinglesE.poachH.flounderC.refrainA.incenseO.staple

5.3AParliament

Thewordparliamentismostcommonlyusedtonamealegislativebodywithinacountry.Thewordalsoreferstothisanimal.Whatanimalisthis?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Matchtheunderlinedwordwithitsdefinition.Chooseyouranswersfromthedefinitionsafterthesentences.Notallofthedefinitionswillbeused.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.Sammiusedabroomtosweepthesnowoffthestoop.

2.Iliketosingalongwiththisrefrain.

3.Willtriedtoblufftheothercardplayersintothinkinghehadawinninghand.

4.Wereplacedtheshinglesonourhouse.

5.Idecidedtopoachaneggforbreakfast.

6.Saracouldnotdeterminewhatthestrangeobjectintheskywas.

7.Momcookedflounderfordinner.

8.Therebels’victoriesincensetheevilprince.

9.Iwascarelessandalmostputastapleinmyfinger.

10.Myfatheraddedanewrifletohiscollection.

Answers

Homographs,II

Homographsarewordsthathavethesamespellingbutdifferentmeaningsandorigins.Althoughmosthomographssoundalike,somehavedifferentpronunciations.

1.console(k n´s l´)(n):atypeofcabinetortableconsole(k ns l´)(v):toprovidecomforttoeasegrief

2.racket(n):apaddleusedinsportssuchastennisracket(n):anuproar;noise

3.launch(n):anopenboatlaunch(n):theactofsendingoff;(v):tostartorsendoff

4.husky(n):asleddoghusky(adj):ruggedandstrong

5.lumber(n):woodsawedintoboards;timberlumber(v):towalkormoveheavilyorclumsily

6.hamper(n):abasketorcontainerusedtostoredirtylaundryhamper(v):toslowthemovementof

7.maroon(n):adarkreddishbrowncolormaroon(v):toleaveapersononadesertedislandorcoast

8.invalid( n´v l d)(n):achronicallyillordisabledpersoninvalid( nv l´ d)(adj):notvalid;null

9.reel(n):aspoolordeviceforwindingreel(v):tobethrownbackoroffbalance

10.stern(n):rearpartofashipstern(adj):strict,harsh,orunyielding;inflexible

VocabularyTip

Heteronymsarehomographsthathavedifferentpronunciations.

6.1RighttoLeftandLefttoRight

Words,phrases,andnumbersthatarereadthesamefromlefttorightastheyarefromrighttolefthaveaspecialname.Whatisthisname?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionontheleftwiththecorrecthomographontheright.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.

6.2BloodPressure

Adoctorornurseusesthisinstrumenttomeasureyourbloodpressure.Whatisitcalled?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Theexplorerwasabig,__________manwhohadtraveledthroughoutthefrontier.

2.EricastoresherDVDsonthetopshelfinthe__________.

3.Chrisboughtanew__________forthetennistournament.

4.Myneighborneverfullyrecoveredfromanaccidentandisan__________.

5.WalkingintotheclosedglassdoorcausedMartinto__________.

6.Fromthe__________oftheshipwewatchedthedockfadeintothedistance.

7.Thecomingsnowstormislikelyto__________travelthroughoutthestate.

8.Albertoloadedthe__________forthenewdeckontohistruck.

9.Thepiratecaptainorderedthecrewto__________theprisoneronthedesertedisland.

10.The__________oftherocketwasabreathtakingsight.

AnswersP.racketS.maroonN.huskyT.sternH.invalidO.hamperR.reelM.launchE.lumberY.console

6.3AComputerBug

In1947,afteramothwasfoundinacomputercircuit,thiswomanisbelievedtohavecoinedtheterm“bug”foracomputerglitch.Whowasshe?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Matchtheunderlinedwordwithitsdefinition.Chooseyouranswersfromthedefinitionsafterthesentences.Notallofthedefinitionswillbeused.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Aftertheiroldcatdied,Sheryltriedtoconsoleherlittlesister.

2.Momalwaysremindsmetoputmydirtyclothesinthehamper.

3.Jonathanreceivedanewfishingpoleandreelforhisbirthday.

4.Mymothergotannoyedwithusbecauseweweremakingaracket.

5.Mr.Wallaceisasternteacher.

6.Kelly’snewsweaterismaroonandgray.

7.Ourschoolplanstolaunchanewreadingprogram.

8.Themountainguidewasahuskyman.

9.Thefreeticketwasinvalidbecauseitstimelimithadexpired.

10.Thebearstooduponitshindfeetandstartedtolumbertowardus.

Answers

Homophones,I

Homophonesarewordsthatsoundalikebuthavedifferentmeaningsandspellings.

1.leased(v):rentedleast(adj):lowestinimportance;smallest

2.borough(n):atownburro(n):adonkeyburrow(n):aholeortunneldugbyananimal;(v):todig

3.council(n):anadministrativeorlegislativebodycounsel(n):adviceorguidance;(v):toadvise

4.foreword(n):aprefaceorintroductiontoabookforward(adv):towardthefront;(adj):at,near,orpartofthefront

5.bazaar(n):amarketorfairbizarre(adj):outlandish;unconventional;eccentric;odd

6.straight(adj):extendinginthesamedirectionwithoutcurvesstrait(n):anarrowchannelofwaterjoiningtwolargerbodiesofwater

7.incite(v):tostiruporprovokeinsight(n):theabilitytounderstandthenatureofthings;understanding

8.stationary(adj):notmovingstationery(n):writingpaperandenvelopes

9.plait(n):abraid,especiallyofhair;(v):tobraidplate(n):adish

10.profit(n):againorbenefit;(v):tomakeagainprophet(n):apersonwhospeaksbydivineinspiration;aseer

VocabularyTip

Proofreadwritingcloselytoavoidmisusinghomophones.

7.1AManofGreatIntellectandTalent

Becauseofhisaccomplishmentsasanartist,sculptor,architect,engineer,andscientist,thismanisconsideredtobeoneofhistory’stoweringfigures.OneofhisgreatestpaintingswastheMonaLisa.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionontheleftwiththecorrecthomophoneontheright.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Notallanswerswillbeused.

7.2ASurveyor’sTool

Thisinstrumentcontainsasmallmountedtelescope.Surveyorsuseittotakeprecisemeasurementsofangles.Whatisitcalled?

Tofindtheanswer,readeachsentencebelow.Findthewordthathasasimilarmeaningtoeachunderlinedwordorphrase.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.Thetown’sadministrativebodydiscussedtheMemorialDayParade.O.councilE.counsel

2.Astheuseofe-mailincreases,theuseofwritingpaperforlettersdecreases.A.stationaryO.stationery

3.Iaccidentlybrokeadishwhensettingthetable.U.plaitI.plate

4.Theinventorwasapleasantbuteccentricman.M.bazaarD.bizarre

5.OurfamilyrentedahouseattheJerseyshoreforthesummer.E.leasedN.least

6.Danny’slawnmowingservicemadeasignificantgainthisyear.E.profitA.prophet

7.Thecaptainsteeredtheboatintothenarrowchannel.R.straightH.strait

8.Therabbithidinhisholeuntilthefoxleft.E.burroT.burrow

9.Pokingabeehivewithastickwillstirupthebees.

T.inciteC.insight

10.Stacysteppedtowardthefrontoftheroomtoreceiveheraward.L.forwardS.foreword

7.3VolcanicRockwithaSpecialProperty

Pumiceisavolcanicrock.Itistheonlyrockthathasthisproperty.Whatcanpumicedothatnootherrockcan?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisusedcorrectly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.Formath,wehadtowritedecimalsinorderfromleasedtogreatest.U.correctI.incorrect

2.Whenwewereonvacation,wewenttoabizarreandboughtsouvenirs.D.correctR.incorrect

3.WhenIhaveaproblem,Icancountonmyoldersistertogivemegoodcouncil.I.correctO.incorrect

4.Thesignsaid“EnteringtheBoroughofJefferson.”A.correctO.incorrect

5.Theevildukehopedtoincitethepeopletorebellionagainsttheking.E.correctU.incorrect

6.Theprincessworeherhairinalongplate.R.correctN.incorrect

7.Theprofitspokeofhisvisionsforthecomingnewage.L.correctW.incorrect

8.Thestationarystormbroughtraintotheareafordays.T.correctI.incorrect

9.Thestraightroadstretchedacrosstheprairieformiles.

F.correctT.incorrect

10.Theforewordofabookservesasanintroduction.L.correctH.incorrect

Homophones,II

Homophonesarewordsthatsoundalikebuthavedifferentmeaningsandspellings.

1.gorilla(n):alargeapeguerrilla(n):amemberofanirregulararmy

2.discreet(adj):tactfulorprudent,especiallywhendealingwithothersdiscrete(adj):distinctorseparate

3.patience(n):havingthecapacityforcalmendurance;composurepatients(n):peopleundergoingmedicaltreatment

4.cymbal(n):amusicalinstrument(oneofapairofbrassplates)symbol(n):somethingthatrepresentsanotherthing

5.attendance(n):theactofbeingpresent;presenceattendants(n):personswhowaitonorescortothers;servants

6.lichen(n):afungusliken(v):toshowasbeingsimilar;compare

7.capital(n):atownorcitythatistheseatofagovernment;(n):wealthintheformofmoneyorpropertycapitol(n):abuildinginwhichastatelegislaturemeetsCapitol(n):thebuildingoftheUnitedStatesCongress

8.cite(v):toquoteanauthorityorexamplesight(n):theabilitytosee;(v):toseesite(n):location

9.ascent(n):theactorprocessofmovingupward;rise;climbassent(v):toagree

10.instance(n):anexampleinstants(n):briefmomentsoftime

VocabularyTip

Alwayspaycloseattentiontothemeaningsofhomophonesandcommittheirmeaningstomemory.

8.1PaulRevere’sFellowRiders

TwomenaccompaniedPaulRevereonthenightherodetowarnthecoloniststhattheBritishwerecoming.OneofthesemenwasWilliamDawes.Whowastheother?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionontheleftwiththecorrecthomophoneontheright.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Notallanswerswillbeused.Oneletterisprovided.

8.2HowDeep?

Thisinstrumentisusedtomeasurethedepthofwater.Whatisitcalled?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.Thepaintingwascomposedofnumerous__________geometricfigures.O.discreteE.discreet

2.TheAmericanflagisa__________oftheUnitedStates.T.symbolR.cymbal

3.Thefivesensesare__________,hearing,touch,taste,andsmell.U.siteE.sight

4.ThecityofTrentonisthe__________ofNewJersey.H.capitalR.capitol

5.Onlyafew__________passedbetweentheflashoflightningandblastofthunder.S.instanceR.instants

6.Watchingthelong__________oftherollercoaster,Idecidednottorideit.A.ascentI.assent

7.Itiseasyto__________wolvestodogsbecauseoftheirsimilarities.E.likenU.lichen

8.__________atthechampionshipgamebrokethepreviousrecord.S.AttendantsB.Attendance

9.__________isatraiteveryoneshouldhave.T.PatienceD.Patients

10.Themanbecamea__________inordertofightforthefreedomofhiscountry.C.gorillaM.guerrilla

8.3TheUSSConstitution

TheUSSConstitutionwascommissionedin1798.TheshipwonmanybattlesandisoneofthemostfamousshipsinthehistoryoftheUnitedStatesNavy.Whatisitsnickname?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisusedcorrectly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Theparkingattendantsdirectedvisitorswheretoparktheircars.I.correctE.incorrect

2.Aflagwithaskullandcrossbonesisacymbalofpirates.U.correctE.incorrect

3.Jaywalkingisaninstanceofignoringrulesofsafety.O.correctR.incorrect

4.Timhasthecapitoltoexpandhisbusiness.D.correctS.incorrect

5.Thesiteoftheancienttemplewashighinthemountains.N.correctT.incorrect

6.Melissaisanenergeticchildwholackspatients.R.correctD.incorrect

7.Theassentoftheelevatorabruptlystopped.I.correctD.incorrect

8.Thenaturalhabitatofthegorillaisslowlybeingdestroyed.R.correctM.incorrect

9.Mrs.Carterisadiscreteperson,whoisalwaystactfulwithothers.

U.correctL.incorrect

10.Alichenisafungusthatoftengrowsinharshenvironments.S.correctM.incorrect

EasilyConfusedWords,I

Becausetheyhavesimilarsoundsorspellings—butdifferentmeanings—somewordsareeasilyconfused.

1.conscience(n):havingasenseofrightandwrongconscious(adj):beingaware

2.personal(adj):privatepersonnel(n):agroupofpeopleemployedbyabusinessororganization

3.allusion(n):anindirectreferenceillusion(n):afalsevisionofreality

4.precede(v):togobeforeproceed(v):togoforward;tomoveinanorderlymanner

5.perpetrate(v):tobeguiltyof;tocommitperpetuate(v):toprolongtheexistenceof;tocausetoberemembered

6.veracious(adj):truthful;honestvoracious(adj):havingagreatappetiteforfoodorpursuitofanactivity;ravenous

7.contagious(adj):spreadbycontact;catchycontiguous(adj):sharinganedgeorborder;nearby

8.continual(adj):repeatedregularlycontinuous(adj):uninterrupted;ceaseless

9.expand(v):toincreaseinsizeexpend(v):tospend;toconsumeoruseup

10.ingenious(adj):clever;skillful;resourcefulingenuous(adj):unsophisticated;straightforward;artless

VocabularyTip

Understandingthemeaningsofeasilyconfusedwordscanhelpyoutoavoidmakingmistakeswiththem.

9.1AFirstfortheSupremeCourt

ThispersonwasthefirstwomantoserveasajusticeontheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.Whowasshe?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsthatfolloweachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.tobeguiltyof;tocommitR.perpetrateS.perpetuate

2.tospend;toconsumeoruseupE.expandO.expend

3.truthful;honestC.veraciousM.voracious

4.uninterrupted;ceaselessL.continualD.continuous

5.beingawareR.conscienceN.conscious

6.clever;skillful;resourcefulA.ingenuousO.ingenious

7.sharinganedgeorborder;nearbyD.contiguousS.contagious

8.anindirectreferenceN.allusionL.illusion

9.togobeforeS.precede

T.proceed

10.agroupofpeopleemployedbyabusinessororganizationE.personalY.personnel

9.2ExtinctAnimals

Byfar,mostoftheanimalspeciesthathavelivedonEarthareextinct.Aboutwhatpercentofalltheanimalsthathaveeverlivedonourplanetareextinct?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.Duringfiredrills,studentsareto__________quicklytothenearestexit.O.precedeI.proceed

2.Havingnoteatenallday,Iwas__________bydinnertime.Y.veraciousT.voracious

3.Influenzaisavery__________illness.Y.contagiousE.contiguous

4.Heatcausesmatterto__________andtakeupmorespace.R.expendE.expand

5.UncleJamesisan__________manwhowilltellyouexactlywhathethinks.I.ingenuousO.ingenious

6.The__________updateskeptpeopleinformedofthehurricane’sposition.E.continualR.continuous

7.Mostpeopleconsideradiarytobea__________possession.U.personnelN.personal

8.Themagicianusedan__________totrickhisaudience.N.illusionF.allusion

9.Listeningtoyour__________canhelpyoutodotherightthing.N.conscience

T.conscious

10.Thememorialwill__________theheroicactsoffirefighters.U.perpetrateN.perpetuate

9.3AFamilyPet

InthiscartoonTVshow,thefamily’spetwasnamedDino.Whatwasthenameoftheshow?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisused

correctly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Thecontinuousrainresultedinsevereflooding.N.correctO.incorrect

2.Theingeniouschildputthecomplexpuzzletogethereasily.E.correctN.incorrect

3.Despitetheseriousnessoftheaccident,thedriverofthecarremainedconscience.U.correctE.incorrect

4.Duringamarathon,runnersexpendatremendousamountofenergy.H.correctO.incorrect

5.Toniisaveraciousreaderwhofinishesatleasttwobookseveryweek.P.correctI.incorrect

6.Thedirectionssaidtoturnrightatthecornerandprecedewestforthreemiles.R.correctT.incorrect

7.Everyemployeeatthecompanyhadapersonnelparkingspace.I.correctT.incorrect

8.ThedoctortoldSharynthattherashonherarmwasnotcontagious.F.correctN.incorrect

9.Themonsterofthelakewasanallusioncausedbythemist.S.correct

T.incorrect

10.Thenewobservatorywillperpetuateitsfounder’sloveofastronomy.O.correctA.incorrect

EasilyConfusedWords,II

Becausetheyhavesimilarsoundsorspellings—butdifferentmeanings—somewordsareeasilyconfused.

1.incredible(adj):tooimprobabletobebelieved;unbelievableincredulous(adj):unbelieving;skeptical

2.erasable(adj):removablebyrubbingorscrapingirascible(adj):easilyangered

3.disinterested(adj):freeofbias;impartialuninterested(adj):notpayingattention;indifferent;notinterested

4.confidant(n):afriendoradvisorconfident(adj):certain;sure;assured

5.adverse(adj):contrarytoone’sinterests;opposingaverse(adj):havinganunfavorablefeelingtoward;disinclined

6.click(n):ashort,sharpsoundclique(n):asmall,exclusivegroup

7.eminent(adj):wellknown;prominentimminent(adj):abouttohappen;impending

8.deference(n):courteousyieldingtoanother;respectdifference(n):dissimilarity;unlikeness

9.appraise(v):toevaluate;tosetavalueonapprise(v):toinform

10.emerge(v):toriseoutofimmerge(v):tosubmergeordisappearinliquid

VocabularyTip

Learningthepronunciationsandspellingsofeasilyconfusedwordswillhelpyoutorecognizeandusethemcorrectly.

10.1SymbolofaPoliticalParty

Theelephantisoftenconsideredtobeananimalofgreatsize,intelligence,strength,anddignity.Startinginthe1870s,thismanpopularizedtheelephantasasymboloftheRepublicanParty.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsthatfolloweachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.courteousyieldingtoanother;respectE.differenceA.deference

2.tosubmergeordisappearinaliquidO.immergeA.emerge

3.freeofbias;impartialS.disinterestedR.uninterested

4.contrarytoone’sinterests;opposingD.averseT.adverse

5.toinformW.appraiseT.apprise

6.afriendoradvisorS.confidantR.confident

7.unbelieving;skepticalA.incredulousE.incredible

8.ashort,sharpsoundB.cliqueN.click

9.abouttohappen;impending

H.imminentA.eminent

10.removablebyrubbingorscrapingL.irascibleM.erasable

10.2ASomewhatUnpleasantCharacter

ThisMuppetlivesinagarbagecan.Whoishe?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.Afterstudyingforthetest,Jasminewas__________shewoulddowell.T.confidentM.confidant

2.The__________doctorwashonoredforhislongservicetothetown.I.imminentA.eminent

3.Wewatchedthewhale__________fromthewater,leap,andthendivebackin.O.immergeE.emerge

4.Thetoddlerwas__________inhisnewtoyandplayedwithhisoldones.U.uninterestedT.disinterested

5.Jack’sstoryofhowthewindblewhishomeworkawaywas__________.O.incredibleK.incredulous

6.Mr.Bartleyisacranky,__________fellow.N.erasableR.irascible

7.Wheneverhespeaksonhisphone,Nathanhearsanannoying__________.G.clickM.clique

8.Theonly__________betweenthetwinsisthecoloroftheirglasses.E.deferenceC.difference

9.Leahwas__________torunningforstudentcouncilbecauseofherheavyschedule.E.adverse

S.averse

10.Teachersmetwithparentsto__________themofthenewmathprogram.H.appriseT.appraise

10.3AnUncommonTwo-TermPresident

ThispresidentistheonlyU.S.presidenttohaveservedtwononconsecutivetermsinoffice.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordorphrasewiththewordorphrasethathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.Aftertheaccidentaninsuranceagentcametoevaluatethedamagetoourcar.A.appraiseT.apprise

2.Ihadseenthemovieandknewthatacreaturewouldriseoutoftheswamp.O.emergefromS.immergefrom

3.Darciehasmanyfriendsandrefusestobeapartofanysmall,exclusivegroup.O.clickN.clique

4.Thewizardwasalsotheking’sfriendandadvisor.W.confidentC.confidant

5.Thebestjudgeofanycontestisanimpartialjudge.V.adisinterestedR.anuninterested

6.Someanimals,suchaswildboars,areeasilyangered.N.erasableD.irascible

7.Theweatherbulletinreportedthataseverethunderstormwasimpending.E.eminentR.imminent

8.Inourfamilythechildrentreattheirelderswithrespect.L.deferenceA.difference

9.Whenmybrothertoldmehehadfoundatreasuremap,Iwasskeptical.

G.incredulousT.incredible

10.Brittanyisdisinclinedtoeatingfoodswithhotsauces.I.adverseE.averse

EasilyConfusedWords,III

Becausetheyhavesimilarsoundsorspellings—butdifferentmeanings—somewordsareeasilyconfused.

1.respectably(adv):inamannermeritingrespectrespectively(adv):singlyinthedesignatedorderrespectfully(adv):inaproper,courteous,orrespectfulmanner

2.elicit(v):todrawout;toevokeillicit(adj):unlawful

3.infer(v):toconcludefromevidence;todeduceimply(v):tosuggestorexpressindirectly;tohint

4.disburse(v):topayoutdisperse(v):toscatter

5.indigent(adj):lackingthemeansforsubsistence;poor;impoverishedindignant(adj):veryangry;incensed

6.anecdote(n):ashort,amusingstoryantidote(n):asubstancetocounteracttheeffectsofpoison

7.eligible(adj):qualified;suitableillegible(adj):notabletoberead;notdecipherable

8.access(n):ameansofapproaching;passageexcess(n):anamountbeyondsufficient;surplus;(adj):beingmorethanisusual

9.discomfit(v):tofrustrate;todisconcertdiscomfort(n):distress;uneasiness;annoyance

10.elusive(adj):difficulttocatch;hardtodescribeillusive(adj):havingthenatureofanillusion;misleading;illusory

VocabularyTip

Besuretouseeasilyconfusedwordscorrectlywhenspeakingandwriting.

11.1ALongTail

Thisanimalhasthelongesttailofalllandmammals,uptoeightfeetinlength.Whatanimalisthis?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsthatfolloweachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.ameansofapproaching;passageE.accessH.excess

2.havingthenatureofanillusion;misleading;illusoryI.elusiveA.illusive

3.singlyinthedesignatedorderU.respectablyI.respectivelyR.respectfully

4.asubstancetocounteracttheeffectsofpoisonM.antidoteA.anecdote

5.tofrustrate;todisconcertS.discomfortE.discomfit

6.tosuggestorexpressindirectly;tohintI.inferF.imply

7.unlawfulR.illicitN.elicit

8.topayoutF.disburseE.disperse

9.qualified;suitableG.eligibleT.illegible

10.lackingthemeansforsubsistence;poor;impoverishedT.indignantA.indigent

11.2ASubmarineFirst

In1958,thisAmericansubmarinewasthefirsttomakeanunderseacrossingoftheNorthPole.Whatwasthenameofthissubmarine?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Myparentstaughtmetoalwaystreatothers__________.E.respectablyN.respectfullyR.respectively

2.WhenevermyUncleJimvisits,healwayshasan__________totellus.T.anecdoteM.antidote

3.Becauseofseveralstorms,wehadan__________amountofrainfalllastmonth.S.accessH.excess

4.Studentswithan“A”averageare__________toparticipateinthemathcontest.L.eligibleI.illegible

5.Theday’shighhumiditycausedgreat__________foreveryoneatthepicnic.A.discomfortO.discomfit

6.Basedontheclimatedata,scientistscan__________thattheEarthiswarming.U.inferE.imply

7.Theprincipaltriedto__________anexplanationfromthestudentforhisbehavior.C.illicitT.elicit

8.Thecat’sarrivalcausedthebirdsto__________.R.disburseS.disperse

9.Thepolicefinallyarrestedthe__________burglar.U.illusiveE.elusive

10.Johnwas__________thathisreservationshadbeenmistakenlycanceled.U.indignantO.indigent

11.3AFirstforaPresident

Thispresidentwasthefirsttoattendamajorleaguebaseballgame.Whowashe?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordor

phrasewiththewordorphrasethathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Tyler’shandwritingisnotdecipherable.E.eligibleI.illegible

2.Jenna’sbrokenanklecausedheralotofdistress.A.discomfortT.discomfit

3.Oncehegotinsideourattic,thesquirrelwasdifficulttocatch.I.elusiveA.illusive

4.Themastercriminalwasinvolvedinmanyunlawfulactivities.L.elicitA.illicit

5.Mr.Simonoftenstartshisclasswithashortamusingstory.N.anantidoteT.ananecdote

6.Samworksforthetheaterandhegranteduspassagebackstagetomeetthecast.H.excessT.access

7.Blowingwindsscatterseedsinalldirections.W.disperseB.disburse

8.Thepolicereportseemedtosuggestindirectlythatwetroadscausedtheaccident.L.implyR.infer

9.Thomaswasveryangrythatnoonebelievedhewastellingthetruth.

O.indigentF.indignant

10.Theteachermetwitheachstudentsinglyinorderaboutthescienceproject.L.respectivelyO.respectfullyN.respectably

WordswithLatinRoots,I

ManyEnglishwordshaverootsthatcanbetracedbacktoancientLatin.SomeLatinroots(withtheirmeaningsinparentheses)aredoc(teach),pater,patr(father),rupt(break),trib(give),andvar(different).

1.contribute(v):togiveorsupplyIcontributetocharityasmuchaspossible.

2.patriarch(n):themaleleaderofafamilyortribeThepatriarchofthetribewasawiseman.

3.variety(n):thequalityorconditionofbeingdiverse;anassortmentMombroughtavarietyofflowerstoplantintheyard.

4.abrupt(adj):unexpectedlysudden;impulsiveTheabruptchangeintheweathersurprisedeveryone.

5.document(n):awrittenrecord;certificate;(v):toprove,certify,orvalidateAbirthcertificateisanofficialdocument.Erikhadtodocumenthissourcesforhishistoryreport.

6.various(adj):ofdiverseordifferentkinds;severalTherewerevariousreasonsfornotgoingonvacationlastyear.

7.tributary(n):astreamorriverthatflowsintoalargerstreamorriverTheMissouriRiveristheMississippiRiver’smaintributary.

8.doctrine(n):anidea;beliefsorprinciples;aruleThepresidentannouncedhisdoctrineforconductingforeignpolicy.

9.paternal(adj):oforpertainingtoafather;fatherlyHisplayersviewCoachSmithasapaternalfigure.

10.erupt(v):toemergeviolently;explode;dischargeWewatchedthevolcanoeruptonTV.

VocabularyTip

WordsthathavethesameLatinrootsoftenhaverelatedmeanings.

12.1Comets

Thepathsofcometsaroundthesunarefarfromcircular.Whatpathdocometstakearoundthesun?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionontheleftwithitswordontheright.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

12.2KingTut

KingTutwasapharaoh(leader)ofEgyptover3,000yearsago.Hewasnineyearsoldwhenhebecamepharaoh.WhatwasKingTut’sfullname?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsthatfolloweachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Mygrandfatherisconsideredtobethe__________ofourfamily.E.paternalU.varietyA.patriarch

2.Everymemberofthegroupisexpectedto__________totheproject.R.eruptK.contributeN.document

3.Thegeneralstatedhis__________fordefendingthecountry.S.documentR.tributaryN.doctrine

4.Thechildhadatemperandwasknownforhis__________outbursts.A.abruptU.paternalI.erupt

5.Thestudentsdisplayeda__________ofprojectsatthesciencefair.T.varietyL.variousS.tributary

6.Wehadto__________allofoursourcesforourreports.S.abruptM.documentT.doctrine

7.A__________oftenstartsasasmallstream.H.tributaryR.patriarch

M.contribute

8.Jimtracedthe__________lineofhisfamilytohisgreat-greatgrandfather.I.patriarchS.tributaryE.paternal

9.Theparkrangersaidthatthegeyserwould__________soon.A.abruptU.eruptO.contribute

10.Wecheckedamapandfound__________roadswecouldtaketothestadium.M.paternalT.variousE.variety

12.3Uranus

Uranusistheonlyplanetinoursolarsystemthatdoesthis.WhatdoesUranusdothatnootherplanetinoursolarsystemdoes?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisusedcorrectly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Mommakessurewehaveavarietyofhealthysnacksinourhouse.O.correctE.incorrect

2.Theoldkinglookeduponhispeopleinapaternalmanner.A.correctU.incorrect

3.Theabruptdownpourcausedadelayinthegame.T.correctM.incorrect

4.Mygrandmotherisapatriarchofherdaughters.C.correctS.incorrect

5.Theflowergardeninouryardattractsvariousinsectsandbirds.I.correctE.incorrect

6.Atributaryisapond,lake,oroceanintowhichstreamsandriversflow.A.correctO.incorrect

7.Theearthquakecausedmanyoldbuildingstoeruptandcrumble.S.correctE.incorrect

8.Icontributeanarticleeachmonthtoourschool’snewspaper.N.correctS.incorrect

9.Adocumentisaverbalagreementbetweenpeople.

E.correctR.incorrect

10.Adoctrineisadoctor’sassistant.N.correctD.incorrect

WordswithLatinRoots,II

ManyEnglishwordshaverootsthatcanbetracedbacktoancientLatin.SomeLatinroots(withtheirmeaningsinparentheses)arealt(high),hosp,host(guest,host),sign(mark),spec(see),andvoc(voice).

1.insignia(n):abadgeofoffice,membership,orrank;anemblemThemembersofthemarchingbandworeaninsigniaontheirsleeves.

2.altitude(n):theelevationofathingaboveasurfaceTheplanecruisedatanaltitudeofseveralthousandfeet.

3.significant(adj):meaningful;importantGettingadriver’slicenseisasignificanteventtomostteenagers.

4.hospitable(adj):actinginafriendlyandgenerousmannertowardguestsWheneverwevisit,AuntJanetisveryhospitable.

5.spectacle(n):apublicdisplayorperformance;somethinggreatorshowyTheclownsintheparadeputonagreatspectacle.

6.inspect(v):toexaminecarefully;tocheckThemayororderedthetown’sengineertoinspectthebridgeforsafety.

7.advocate( d´v k t,k t´)(n):apersonwhoarguesforacause;( d´v k t´)(v):tospeakinfavororsupportofTessisanadvocateforconservation.IadvocateconservationeverychanceIget.

8.hospital(n):aninstitutionthatprovidesmedicalcareRichard’skneesurgerywasperformedinahospital.

9.respect(n):havingregardforworth;(v):tofeelorshowregardforWeshouldalwaystreatotherpeoplewithrespect.Weshouldalwaysrespectothers.

10.vocal(adj):oforpertainingtothevoiceThechildwasveryvocalandtalkedconstantly.

VocabularyTip

Understandingthemeaningoftherootsofwordscanhelpyoutounderstandthemeaningsofthewords.

13.1AnImitator

Thisanimalisknownforbeingabletoimitatesounds.Whatisthisanimal?Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionontheleftwithitswordontheright.

Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.

13.2ABarber’sSon

Thefatherofthiscomicstripcharacterisabarber.Whoisthecharacter?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Inanefforttoreduceinjuries,Nick’sparents__________safetyinschoolsports.

2.Lisa’smotherisanursewhoworksata__________.

3.Caraisa__________criticofanimalabuseandoftenspeaksoutagainstit.

4.Thehalftimeshowatthefootballgamewasagrand__________.

5.Themathprojectcountsasmuchasatestandisa__________partofourfinalgrade.

6.Thepilotincreasedtheplane’s__________toflyoverthestorm.

7.Thestudents__________Mrs.Sanchezforherkindnessandfairness.

8.Thestaffatourhotelwasvery__________andmadeourstaydelightful.

9.The__________onhissleeveindicatedAlberto’srankintheconservationcorps.

10.Afterthebigstorm,IhelpedDad__________thehousefordamage.

AnswersR.insigniaN.spectacleC.hospitableA.advocateB.inspectO.hospitalW.altitudeL.vocalH.respectE.significant

13.3InternetInventor

ManypeopleconsiderthismantobetheprimaryinventoroftheInternet.Whatishisname?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisused

correctly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Mrs.Markusisanadvocateforstudents’rights.R.correctU.incorrect

2.Theplaythatwewatchedintheparkwasalavishspectacle.S.correctN.incorrect

3.ThechampionshipgamewasthemostsignificantgameofBradley’scareer.M.correctE.incorrect

4.Hospitablepeoplearehardlyeverwelcoming.V.correctN.incorrect

5.Mariaisashy,vocalstudentwhosayslittleinclass.Y.correctI.incorrect

6.Peopleshouldalwaysinspecttherightsofothers.N.correctR.incorrect

7.Insigniaisanothernameforasignorbillboard.T.correctB.incorrect

8.Whenhebrokehisankle,mybrotherhadtogotothehospital.T.correctJ.incorrect

9.Itisimportantthatyourespectyourselfaswellasothers.L.correct

R.incorrect

10.Thesunkenshipwasfoundatanaltitudeofsixtyfeetbelowthesurface.O.correctE.incorrect

WordswithGreekRoots,I

ManyEnglishwordshaverootsthatstretchbacktoancientGreece.SomeGreekroots(withtheirmeaningsinparentheses)areast(star),chron(time),gen(birth,race),mech(machine),andsoph(wise).

1.progeny(n):childrenordescendants;offspringColonistscametotheNewWorldsothattheirprogenywouldhaveachanceforabetterlife.

2.astronomy(n):thestudyofspaceandallheavenlyobjectsTonylikesastronomyandenjoyslearningaboutthestarsandplanets.

3.mechanic(n):someoneskilledinusing,making,orrepairingmachinesThemechanicrepairedourcar.

4.chronological(adj):arrangedinorderaccordingtotime;sequentialAtimelineissetinchronologicalorder.

5.philosopher(n):apersonwhoseekswisdomandthetruthsoflifeThephilosophersoughtknowledgeandunderstanding.

6.generate(v):tobringintoexistence;toproduce;tocreatePowerplantsacrossthecountrygenerateelectricity.

7.mechanism(n):amachine;asystemofpartsthatworktogetherlikeamachineThestartingmechanismofthepumpmalfunctionedandthebasementflooded.

8.chronicle(n):arecordofeventsintheordertheyoccurred.Thechronicletoldoftheexperiencesoftheearlysettlers.

9.asteroid(n):arockycelestialbodysmallerthanatypicalmoonScientistsbelievethatanasteroidcrashedintotheEarthanddestroyedthedinosaurs.

10.sophisticated(adj):havingacquiredworldlyknowledge;cosmopolitan;knowledgeableMrs.Larsenhastraveledaroundtheworldandisverysophisticated.

VocabularyTip

EnglishwordsthathavethesameGreekrootsoftenhaverelatedmeanings.

14.1FourSpecialWords

FourrelativelycommonwordsinEnglishendindous.Twoofthemaretremendousandstupendous.Whataretheothertwo?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.arrangedinorderaccordingtotime;sequential__________

2.amachine;asystemofpartsthatworktogetherlikeamachine__________

3.havingacquiredworldlyknowledge;cosmopolitan;knowledgeable__________

4.tobringintoexistence;toproduce;tocreate__________

5.childrenordescendants;offspring__________

6.apersonwhopursueswisdomandthetruthsoflife__________

7.thescientificstudyofspaceandallheavenlyobjects__________

8.arecordofeventsintheordertheyoccurred__________

9.arockycelestialbodysmallerthanatypicalmoon__________

10.someoneskilledinusing,making,orrepairingmachines__________

AnswersZ.generateR.philosopherU.mechanicH.astronomyS.chronicleA.mechanismE.sophisticatedD.progenyO.asteroidN.chronological

14.2AOne-of-a-KindState

Ofallthestates,onlyMainehasthis.Whatisit?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Scientiststrackedan__________thatpassedclosebytheEarth.

2.The__________oftheearlycolonistsbuiltagreatnation.

3.Tara’sgrandfatheruseswindmillsonhisfarmto__________electricity.

4.Nicholasusedaspecial__________toremotelyopentheskylight.

5.Forhishistoryassignment,MariolistedthemajoreventsoftheCivilWarin__________order,beginningwith1861.

6.Celeste’sfatherworksasa__________andrepairscars.

7.Amanwhosoughttruthandwisdom,Socrateswasa__________ofancientGreece.

8.Rebeccakepta__________ofherfamily’sjourneytoOregonin1846.

9.Mrs.Jones,ourschool’slibrarian,isveryknowledgeableand__________.

10.Alexwasthrilledwhenhereceivedatelescopeforhisbirthdaybecausehelikes__________.

AnswersB.chronologicalM.progenyE.philosopherH.asteroidN.mechanicA.sophisticatedS.generateW.chronicleL.astronomy

T.mechanism

14.3Volcano

ThewordvolcanooriginallycamefromthenameVulcan.WhowasVulcan?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replacetheunderlinedwordor

phrasewiththewordthathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.Jamaal’sfatherisapersonskilledinrepairingmachines.

2.Lauriereadaday-by-dayaccountofaman’sjourneyaroundtheworld.

3.Ourgrouphadtoproduceseveralideasbeforewechoseoneforourproject.

4.Lila’sauntworksinNewYorkCityandisveryknowledgeableandcosmopolitan.

5.Allparentshopethattheirchildrenwillenjoyahighstandardofliving.

6.Dariusincludedasequentiallistofexplorersandtheirdiscoveriesinhisreport.

7.Tofixthegrandfatherclock,therepairmanworkedonthesystemofpartsthatoperatesthependulum.

8.Peoplefromgreatdistancescametospeakwiththemanknownforhispursuitofwisdomandtruth.

9.ThelargestrockycelestialbodysmallerthanatypicalmoonisCeres.

10.Theinventionofthetelescopewasagreatadvanceforthestudyofspaceandheavenlyobjects.

AnswersE.chronicleF.mechanismG.chronologicalR.astronomyA.mechanicN.generateD.asteroidO.philosopher

I.sophisticatedM.progeny

WordswithGreekRoots,II

ManyEnglishwordshaverootsthatstretchbacktoancientGreece.SomeGreekroots(withtheirmeaningsinparentheses)areaero(air),dem(people),onym(name),ortho(straight,right),andpath(disease,feeling).

1.sympathy(n):afeelingorexpressionofsorrow;compassionOursympathygoesouttothefamilieswhosehomesweredamagedinthestorm.

2.orthodox(adj):acceptingtraditionalorestablishedviewsorbeliefs;conventionalMr.Taylorteachesinaprivateschoolbecausehedisagreeswiththeorthodoxviewsofpubliceducation.

3.demography(n):thestudyofthecharacteristicsofthehumanpopulationofanareaInsocialstudies,wearelearningaboutthedemographyoftheUnitedStates.

4.aerial(adj):of,in,orpertainingtotheair.Wewatchedexcitingaerialperformancesattheairshow.

5.empathy(n):understandingofanother’sfeelingsandmotivesMrs.Lin’sempathyisareasonsheisanexcellentguidancecounselor.

6.pseudonym(n):afictitiousnameusedbyanauthor;pennameMarkTwainwasthepseudonymofSamuelClemens.

7.epidemic(n):anoutbreakofacontagiousdiseasethatspreadsquickly;(adj):spreadingquicklybyinfection;widespreadThecountrysufferedafluepidemiclastyear.Thefluwasepidemiclastyear.

8.democracy(n):aformofgovernmentbythepeopleeitherdirectlyorthroughelectedrepresentativesTheUnitedStatesisademocracyinwhichthepeopleelecttheirleaders.

9.orthodontist(n):adentistwhospecializesincorrectingabnormallyalignedteethEmilywenttotheorthodontisttogetherbraces.

10.anonymous(adj):havingorbearingnoname;ofunknownauthorship;unnamedTheanonymousessaycriticizedthegovernment.

VocabularyTip

UnderstandingGreekrootsisakeytounderstandingthemeaningsofmanywordsweusetoday.

15.1Canada

ThenameCanadaisderivedfromanIroquoianterm.WhatdidCanadaoriginallymean?Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfrom

thewordsaftereachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.aformofgovernmentbythepeopleeitherdirectlyorthroughelectedrepresentatives__________E.sympathyH.demographyL.democracy

2.of,in,orpertainingtotheair__________O.epidemicT.aerialS.orthodox

3.havingorbearingnoname;ofunknownauthorship;unnamed__________S.aerialM.anonymousN.pseudonym

4.adentistwhospecializesincorrectingabnormallyalignedteeth__________N.orthodontistI.empathyE.orthodox

5.afeelingorexpressionofsorrow;compassion__________A.empathyE.sympathyR.demography

6.acceptingtraditionalorestablishedviewsorbeliefs;conventional__________U.sympathyD.pseudonymE.orthodox

7.anoutbreakofacontagiousdiseasethatspreadsquickly__________T.epidemicE.aerial

M.empathy

8.afictitiousnameusedbyanauthor;penname__________R.anonymousU.demographyE.pseudonym

9.understandingofanother’sfeelingsandmotives__________T.sympathyS.empathyW.aerial

10.thestudyofthecharacteristicsofthehumanpopulationofanarea__________T.demographyC.democracyN.sympathy

15.2AStoryforAllAges

Inthestory“SnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs,”thenamesoffiveofthedwarfsareHappy,Grumpy,Sneezy,Sleepy,andDopey.Whatarethenamesoftheothertwo?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Ina__________,thepeoplecontroltheirgovernmenteitherdirectlyorbyelectingtheirleaders.

2.Theauthordidnotusehisrealnameandwrotehisstoriesundera__________.

3.Beforemodernmedicine,an__________couldsickenmillionsofpeople.

4.Onourvacation,weflewinahelicopterforan__________viewofNewYorkCity.

5.Apersonwholacks__________oftenhastroubleunderstandingothers’feelings.

6.The__________callergavethepolicethetiptheyneededtocatchthethief.

7.Jasondecidedtobecomean__________tohelppeoplewhoseteetharenotstraight.

8.__________isthestudyofthecharacteristicsofthepeopleofanarea.

9.Madisoncomesfromanaveragefamilyandhas__________opinionsonmostthings.

10.Meganfelt__________forherbrotherwhosprainedhisankle.

AnswersL.democracyB.orthodoxU.epidemicA.orthodontistC.empathyF.anonymousS.aerialO.sympathyD.demography

H.pseudonym

15.3DollytheSheep

In1996,Dollythesheepbecamethefirstofthese.WhatdidDollybecome?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisused

correctly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.LucasofferedhisempathywhenheheardaboutTonya’smisfortune.O.correctE.incorrect

2.Mikehasanappointmentnextweekwithhisorthodox.A.correctM.incorrect

3.Demographyisasynonymforgeography.E.correctO.incorrect

4.Thesatelliteprovideddetailedaerialimagesoftheerodingcoastline.L.correctS.incorrect

5.Theauthorpreferredusingapseudonyminsteadofherrealname.L.correctH.incorrect

6.Democracyisaformofgovernmentinwhichthepeoplecanelecttheirleaders.M.correctT.incorrect

7.Theepidemicinfectedasmallnumberofpeople,whowerenotcontagious.E.correctN.incorrect

8.Theanonymousartistsignedhisnametoallofhispictures.P.correctC.incorrect

9.Kyle’sorthodontisttightenedhisbraces.A.correct

I.incorrect

10.FriendsandfamilyofferedtheirsympathytoMrs.Cooperforthelossofherhusband.M.correctV.incorrect

Prefixes,I

Aprefixisawordpartplacedatthebeginningofawordthatchangestheword’smeaning.Followingarecommonprefixesandtheirmeanings.

after—afterim—notin—notinter—among,betweenover—toomuch

1.improper(adj):notsuitedtoneedsorcircumstances;inappropriateSomestudentsdisplayedimproperbehaviorduringtheassembly.

2.international(adj):of,relatingto,orinvolvingtwoormorenations;worldwideInternationalcooperationisneededtoaddresstheproblemofglobalwarming.

3.overbearing(adj):overwhelminginpowerorimportance;arrogant;bossyBecauseofhisoverbearingpersonality,Jonusuallygetshisway.

4.impassable(adj):thatwhichcannotbetraveledoverorthrough;blocked;impenetrableThesnow-coveredroadswereimpassable.

5.interstellar(adj):betweenoramongthestarsInterstellarspaceflightisnotyetpossible.

6.inaudible(adj):incapableofbeingheardThemessageovertheloudspeakerwasinaudiblebecauseofstatic.

7.aftereffect(n):aneffectfollowingacauseafteradelay;adelayedresultThecleanupthatlastedfordayswasanaftereffectofthehurricane.

8.overdue(adj):expectedorrequiredbutnotcome;lateDeliveryofthesweaterChloeorderedonlinewasoverdue.

9.indecision(n):theinabilityorreluctancetomakeupone’smind;hesitationBilly’sindecisionaboutauditioningfortheschoolplaycosthimtheleadrole.

10.interact(v):toactoneachother

Oxygenandcarboninteracttoformmanycompounds.

VocabularyTip

Prefixesareaddedinfrontofarootorbaseword.

16.1FirstforaPostageStamp

In1902,thispresident’swifewasthefirstAmericanwomantobepicturedonaU.S.postagestamp.Whowasshe?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.betweenoramongthestars________

2.aneffectthatfollowsacauseafteradelay;adelayedresult________

3.expectedorrequiredbutnotcome;late________

4.thatwhichcannotbetraveledoverorthrough;blocked;impenetrable________

5.incapableofbeingheard________

6.notsuitedtoneedsorcircumstances;inappropriate________

7.overwhelminginpowerorimportance;arrogant;bossy________

8.of,relatingto,orinvolvingtwoormorenations;worldwide________

9.toactoneachother________

10.theinabilityorreluctancetomakeupone’smind;hesitation________

AnswersT.overbearingH.interactW.indecisionS.aftereffectM.internationalI.overdueG.inaudibleR.interstellarA.improperO.impassable

16.2Penguins

Penguinsareuniqueamongbirds.Whatdopenguinsdoandnotdothatmakesthemdifferentfromotherbirds?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Comingafewdayslater,theheadacheswerean______________oftheaccident.

2.Themountainsseemedtobean______________barrier,blockingthewaywest.

3.Talkingwhenothersarespeakingis______________conduct.

4.Annforgottoreturnherlibrarybookandreceivedane-mailthatitwas______________.

5.Insciencefiction,______________traveliscommon.

6.DuetoadefectontheDVD,thesoundofthemoviewas______________.

7.Nansmiledasshewatchedthekittenandpuppy______________forthefirsttime.

8.Mr.Hendricksisanarrogant,______________personwhothinksheisalwaysright.

9.______________onthepartsofthemayorandthetowncouncilresultedinthenewyouthcenternotbeingbuilt.

10.The______________conferenceonenergyattractedscientistsfromaroundtheworld.

AnswersT.improperF.internationalB.overbearingI.impassableM.inaudibleY.overdueN.aftereffectW.indecisionS.interact

L.interstellar

16.3GreatSealoftheUnitedStates

TheGreatSealisasymboloftheUnitedStates.ThecenteroftheGreatSealisthebaldeagle,ournationalbird.Inoneclawtheeagleholdsarrowsasasymbolforwar.Intheotherclawheholdsasymbolforpeace.Whatisthissymbol?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordorphrasewiththewordthathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Inthedistantfuture,star-to-starjourneysbyhumansmaybecomeareality.

2.Thestudentsactedinaninappropriatemannerontheschoolbus.

3.Becauseofallthenoiseinthebackground,Daryl’sphonemessagewasimpossibletohear.

4.Inascienceexperiment,studentslearnedthatmixturesarecomposedofsubstancesthatdonotchemicallyactuponeachother.

5.Thedelayedresultoflastyear’sforestfirewasthegrowthofnewseedlings.

6.FewpeopleareasbossyasMrs.Jones.

7.Theearthquakemadeseveralroadsimpossibletotravelover.

8.Bekka’shesitationoverthedressshewantedforthepartypromisedalongdayofshopping.

9.Themultinationagreementwouldleadtoimprovedtrade.

10.Becauseofbadweather,allincomingflightswerelate.

AnswersI.improperL.indecisionH.aftereffectV.overdueN.inaudibleC.impassableB.interactE.interstellar

O.overbearingR.international

Prefixes,II

Aprefixisawordpartplacedatthebeginningofawordthatchangestheword’smeaning.Followingarecommonprefixesandtheirmeanings.

be—makeil—notir—notmal—badre—back

1.malfunction(n):abreakdown;afailure;(v):tofailtoworkoroperateproperlyAnequipmentmalfunctionattheelectriccompanycausedamajorpoweroutage.AsoftwareglitchcausedRudy’scomputertomalfunction.

2.illiterate(adj):unabletoreadandwrite;untaught;unschooledInsomecountries,manypeopleareilliterate.

3.belittle(v):torepresentorspeakofasunimportant;disparageAbullywilloftentrytobelittleothers.

4.recede(v):tomovebackorawayfrom;withdraw;retreat;ebbThefloodwatersareexpectedtorecedeafterafewdays.

5.besiege(v):tosurroundwithtroops;toharassaswithoffersorrequestsTheenemyplannedtobesiegethecastle.

6.irresistible(adj):impossibletoresist;overpowering;overwhelmingTheirresistibledonutsmadeSam’smouthwater.

7.illogical(adj):contradictingordisregardingsense;irrationalIgnoringthesizeofthecomingstorm,Tom’sdecisionnottoleavetheislandwasillogical.

8.irresponsible(adj):lackingasenseofresponsibility;unreliable;undependableWheneverRyanloseshistemper,heactsinanirresponsiblemanner.

9.irregular(adj):lackinguniformity;occurringatunequalintervals;abnormal;unevenUncleEdtakesmedicationtocontrolanirregularheartbeat.

10.refurbish(v):tomakecleanorfreshagain;renovate;renewDeenahelpedherfatherrefurbishtheoldcabinet.

VocabularyTip

Understandingthemeaningofitsprefixcanhelpyouunderstandthemeaningofaword.

17.1Mercury

Mercuryisanelement.Itistheonlycommonmetalthathasthischaracteristic.Whatcharacteristicsetsmercuryapartfromothermetals?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.contradictingordisregardingsense;irrational________

2.tomovebackorawayfrom;withdraw;retreat;ebb________

3.impossibletoresist;overpowering;overwhelming________

4.abreakdown;afailure________

5.tomakecleanorfreshagain;renovate;renew________

6.lackingasenseofresponsibility;unreliable;undependable________

7.unabletoreadandwrite;untaught;unschooled________

8.lackinguniformity;occurringatunequalintervals;abnormal;uneven________

9.torepresentorspeakofasunimportant;disparage________

10.tosurroundwithtroops;toharassaswithoffersorrequests________

AnswersR.recedeA.refurbishI.irregularU.irresponsibleL.belittleM.illogicalE.besiegeO.illiterateQ.malfunctionT.irresistible

17.2Goldfish

Bert,ofSesameStreetfame,hasthreegoldfish.OneisnamedMelissa.Whatarethenamesoftheothertwo?

Toanswerthequestion,findthewordthatmeansaboutthesameaseachwordbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthechoicesaftereachword.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

17.3ABigVolcano

ThisvolcanoisthebiggestonEarth.Fromitsbaseunderthesurfaceoftheocean,itrisesmorethan50,000feet.Whatisitsnameandwhereisitlocated?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.ThewonderfularomasofThanksgivingdinnerwere________.E.irresponsibleA.irresistibleU.illogical

2.Peoplewhoare________cannotreadandwrite.I.illogicalO.irresistibleA.illiterate

3.Paulodecidedto________thegarageandturnitintoaworkshop.A.refurbishE.besiegeY.recede

4.The________ofthetrafficlightonMainStreetcausedatrafficjam.S.recedeN.malfunctionE.irregular

5.Advertisers________uswithjunkmail.M.belittleL.besiegeS.refurbish

6.Assoonasthetimeofhightidepasses,thewaterbeginsto________.U.malfunctionE.belittleI.recede

7.TheSaturdaymeetingofthecitycouncilwashighly________.H.irregularP.illiterate

C.refurbish

8.TheteacherexplainedtoRobbiehowhisrecentbehaviorwas________.R.malfunctionO.illiterateM.irresponsible

9.Jonathan’sanswertotheessaywas________becauseheignoredimportantfacts.T.irregularK.illiterateW.illogical

10.Tinawastaughttoalwaysrespectothersandnever________anyone.I.belittleN.recedeE.malfunction

Suffixes,I

Asuffixisawordpartplacedattheendofaword.Suffixesaddtothemeaningofwordstowhichtheyareadded.Followingaresomecommonsuffixes.

an—relatingtoance—stateorqualityofary,ory—placeforious—stateorqualityofous—fullof

1.nervous(adj):easilyexcited;high-strung;apprehensiveNomatterhowmuchshestudies,Carrieisalwaysnervousbeforetests.

2.annoyance(n):somethingthatbothers;irritation;exasperationMylittlesistercanbeahugeannoyance,especiallywhenIhavefriendsover.

3.laboratory(n):aplaceequippedforconductingscientificexperimentsorresearch;labSharyn’smotherisascientistandworksinalaboratory.

4.ambitious(adj):eagertoachieve;purposefulJasmineisambitiousandworkshardtosucceed.

5.veteran(n):apersonwhohasservedlonginacauseorposition;(adj):experienced;knowledgeableMygrandfatherisanarmyveteran.Myauntisaveteranpoliceofficer.

6.resistance(n):anactofopposition;defianceOncehewassurroundedbythepolice,therobberofferednoresistance.

7.nutritious(adj):providingnourishment;nourishingMommakessureallourmealsarenutritious.

8.infirmary(n):aplaceforcareofthesickorinjured;asmallhospital,especiallyinanotherbuildingWhenmysistertwistedherankleatcamp,shewenttotheinfirmary.

9.wondrous(adj):wonderful;astonishing;marvelous;spectacular

Therainbowcurvingoverthevalleywaswondrous.

10.urban(adj):oforlocatedinacity;characteristicofcitylife;metropolitanKhalilpreferslivinginanurbanarearatherthanasmalltown.

VocabularyTip

Learningthemeaningsofsuffixescanhelpyouunderstandthemeaningsofwords.

18.1ColonialNewspaperEditor

Intheearly1760s,RhodeIslanderAnnFranklinbecamethefirstwomantoholdthetitleofnewspapereditor.Whatpublicationdidsheedit?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.eagertoachieve;purposeful________

2.providingnourishment;nourishing________

3.anactofopposition;defiance________

4.easilyexcited;high-strung;apprehensive________

5.oforlocatedinacity;characteristicofcitylife;metropolitan________

6.aplaceforcareofthesickorinjured;asmallhospital________

7.wonderful;astonishing;marvelous;spectacular________

8.apersonwhohasservedlonginacauseorposition________

9.somethingthatbothers;irritation;exasperation________

10.aplaceequippedforconductingscientificexperimentsorresearch________

AnswersW.nervousT.wondrousH.laboratoryM.veteranC.urbanE.annoyanceP.ambitiousO.infirmaryR.resistanceY.nutritious

18.2ACrayonMilestone

TheCrayolacompanyhasproducedbillionsofcrayons.WhatwasthespecialnameofthehundredbillionthcrayonmadebyCrayola?

Toanswerthequestion,findthewordorphrasethatmeansaboutthesameaseachwordbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthechoicesthatfolloweachword.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

18.3AForgottenCharacter

WaltDisneycreatedmanyfamouscartooncharacters,includingMickeyMouse,DonaldDuck,andGoofy.WhatwasthenameofDisney’sfirstanimalcartoonstar?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Williamisan________boy,whosegoalistobecomeabillionairesomeday.

2.Fruitsaregoodchoicesfor________snacks.

3.Thedefendersstoppedtheenemybymountingastrong________.

4.Lindsaywas________asshewaitedforherturnduringthepianorecital.

5.Beingthemostexperiencedpitcher,Robertowasthe________ofthepitchingstaff.

6.Aftermovingtothecity,Angelaquicklysettledinto________life.

7.Lauren’smotherworksasanurseinthe________ofacollege.

8.Thefireworksdisplayovertheriverwasa________sight.

9.Beingcaughtinatrafficjamwasanother________inadayofmanyirritations.

10.ThomasEdisonconductedexperimentsinhis________inMenloPark,NewJersey.

AnswersB.laboratoryO.nervousT.wondrousI.annoyanceC.nutritiousK.ambitiousE.veteranL.resistanceS.infirmaryA.urban

Suffixes,II

Asuffixisawordpartplacedattheendofaword.Suffixesaddtothemeaningofwordstowhichtheyareadded.Followingaresomecommonsuffixes.

ade—actionorprocessence—stateorqualityofify—tomakeity,ty—stateorqualityofulent—fullof

1.blockade(n):theclosingofaplacesuchasacityorharborbyhostileforces;barrier;(v):tocloseoffanareaTheblockadecutoffthecity’ssupplies.DuringtheCivilWar,theNorthtriedtoblockadetheSouth’sports.

2.necessity(n):somethingessential;ofurgentneed;requirementFoodisanecessityoflife.

3.unity(n):theconditionofbeingone;singlenessofpurposeoraction;union;solidarityCountriesaroundtheworldmustworkinunitytosavetheEarth’sresources.

4.fraudulent(adj):deceitful;deceptive;dishonestThecontractmygrandmothersignedforhomerepairswasfraudulent.

5.vilify(v):todefame;todenigrate;toslanderSomepoliticalcandidateswouldrathervilifytheiropponentsthandiscusstheissues.

6.turbulent(adj):greatlyagitated;stirred-up;tumultuousTheturbulentriverwasidealforwhite-waterrafting.

7.violence(n):physical,damagingforce;fury;intensity;fightingTheviolenceofthetornadowasindescribable.

8.amnesty(n):ageneralpardongrantedbyagovernment;pardonThegovernmentofferedamnestytoallrebelswhostoppedfighting.

9.absence(n):thestateofbeingaway;nonattendance;lack;shortcomingJacob’sabsencewascausedbytheflu.

10.terrify(v):tofillwithextremefear;tofrighten;toalarmThunderstormsterrifyourdog.

VocabularyTip

Somesuffixeschangeaword’spartofspeech.Thesuffixulent,forexample,addedtothenounfraudmakestheadjectivefraudulent.

19.1PlayBall!

OnSeptember14,1990,thisfatherandsonbecametheonlyfatherandsontohitback-to-backhomerunsinamajorleaguebaseballgame.Whoarethey?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.greatlyagitated;stirred-up;tumultuous________

2.ageneralpardongrantedbyagovernment________

3.tofillwithextremefear;tofrighten;toalarm________

4.theclosingofaplacesuchasacityorharborbyhostileforces;barrier________

5.deceitful;deceptive;dishonest________

6.todefame;todenigrate;toslander________

7.theconditionofbeingone;singlenessofpurposeoraction________

8.somethingessential;ofurgentneed;requirement________

9.thestateofbeingaway;nonattendance;lack;shortcoming________

10.physical,damagingforce;fury;intensity;fighting________

AnswersR.blockadeF.necessityG.vilifyY.amnestyJ.absenceK.fraudulentI.turbulentE.terrifyO.violenceN.unity

19.2WestoftheMississippi

BorninIowa,thispresidentwasthefirstpresidenttobebornwestoftheMississippiRiver.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,findthewordorphrasethathasasimilarmeaningtoeachwordbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsorphrasesaftereachword.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

19.3Milwaukee

MilwaukeeisanAlgonquianterm.WhatisMilwaukeethoughttohavemeantinAlgonquian?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.In________,thethirteenAmericancoloniesfoughttheBritish.

2.The________wavescrashedagainsttheshore.

3.Janiehandedherteacherthenoteexplainingherrecent________fromschool.

4.Mrs.Ellistoldherstudentsofthe________fortakingnotesinclass.

5.Thelettercontaineduntruefactsandwasanattemptto________themayor.

6.The________preventedanyonefromenteringorleavingthecity.

7.Thepolicefoundthatthecarthiefhada________driver’slicense.

8.________shouldneverbeusedtosettlearguments.

9.Afterthecivilwar,thekinggranted________toallofhissubjectswhohadfoughtagainsthim.

10.Jasonhopedthatthehorrormoviewouldnot________hisyoungerbrother.

AnswersR.necessityO.violenceP.blockadeL.amnestyS.unityE.fraudulentG.terrifyA.vilifyC.absence

D.turbulent

WordsThatName,I

Nounsarewordsthatnameaperson,place,thing,oridea.Withoutnouns,nothingwouldhaveaname.

1.banquet(n):agreatfeast;aformaldinnerWeattendedabanquethonoringourtown’sfirefighters.

2.fiasco(n):abigorhumiliatingfailureOurattempttogiveourdogabathwasafiasco.

3.dynasty(n):alineofrulersofthesamefamilyAdynastyruledthecountryforoverathousandyears.

4.catastrophe(n):agreatandsuddendisaster;calamity;debacleTheearthquakewasacatastrophefortownsnearthefaultline.

5.perception(n):theprocessofbecomingawarethroughthesensesAgooddetectivehaskeenperception.

6.treason(n):aperson’sbetrayalofhisorhersovereignorcountry;disloyaltyBenedictArnoldcommittedtreasonduringtheRevolutionaryWar.

7.memorandum(n):ashortnoteofsomethingtoberemembered;areminderThememoranduminformedthecamp’sstaffoftheTuesdaymeeting.

8.expertise(n):specializedskillorknowledgeCarlaisagreatoveralldancer,butherexpertiseliesinballet.

9.proprietor(n):theownerofabusinessMr.Harrisistheproprietorofacandyshop.

10.adversary(n):anenemy;anopponent;afoeForthewrestlingtournament,Raymond’sbestfriendwasanadversary.

VocabularyTip

ThewordnouncomesfromtheLatinwordnomen,whichmeans“name.”

20.1AnAmericanNovelist

ThismanisconsideredbymanytobethefirstgreatAmericannovelist.AmonghismanynovelswasTheLastoftheMohicans,ThePathfinder,andTheDeerslayer.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.abigorhumiliatingfailure________

2.ashortnoteofsomethingtoberemembered________

3.theownerofabusiness________

4.anenemy;anopponent;afoe________

5.theprocessofbecomingawarethroughthesenses________

6.specializedskillorknowledge________

7.agreatandsuddendisaster;calamity;debacle________

8.aperson’sbetrayalofhisorhersovereignorcountry;disloyalty________

9.alineofrulersofthesamefamily________

10.agreatfeast;aformaldinner________

AnswersR.memorandumS.perceptionJ.catastropheN.fiascoE.banquetC.dynastyA.adversaryO.expertiseF.treasonM.proprietor

20.2UndertheSea

Thisreinforcedsphericalchamberisdesignedtodivedeepbelowthesurfaceoftheocean.Whatisitcalled?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Jimmieuseshis________inelectronicstofixcomputers.N.dynastyS.proprietorE.expertise

2.Thelongdroughtprovedtobea________forfarmers.A.catastropheE.banquetO.memorandum

3.Lucy’smomisthe________ofthedancestudioonMainStreet.M.perceptionY.proprietorR.dynasty

4.ThecriminalJokerissuperheroBatman’s________.S.treasonH.adversaryW.proprietor

5.Tracididnotreceivethe________andmissedthemeeting.R.memorandumE.expertiseO.adversary

6.The________washeldinadowntownrestaurant.N.memorandumH.banquetR.dynasty

7.________isaseriousoffense,punishablebylongimprisonmentordeath.L.FiascoU.Expertise

T.Treason

8.Aperson’s________reliesonherabilitytosee,hear,smell,taste,andtouch.E.perceptionU.catastropheA.memorandum

9.Becauseoftheheavyrain,ourfamilypicnicturnedintoa________.H.banquetB.fiascoS.proprietor

10.Withtheoverthrowoftheking,the________wasended.T.treasonW.adversaryS.dynasty

20.3AnUnusualSnake

Theanacondaisoneoftheworld’slargestsnakes.Asidefromitssize,whatmakestheanacondadifferentfrommostothersnakes?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordorphrasewiththewordthathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Thekingdomwasruledbythemembersofthesamefamilyforgenerations.

2.Thesmartmouseviewsthecatasanenemy.

3.Callie’sfatheristheownerofaservicestation.

4.Toatoddler,carelesslybreakingherfavoritetoyisacalamity.

5.Theathleticdepartmentsponsoredaformaldinnertohonortheschool’sall-stars.

6.Afterhisbetrayalofthekingwasdiscovered,thedukefledthecountry.

7.Theshortreminderofthedayoftheclasstripwassenttoallteachers.

8.Thebodyguardreliedonhissharpsensesandawarenesstoprotectthecelebrity.

9.Jason’sspecializedskillinpianotuningisremarkable.

10.Tryingtogluethepiecesofthebrokenvasebacktogetherwasabigfailure.

AnswersO.adversaryR.banquetG.treasonN.fiascoE.memorandumY.catastropheV.perceptionL.dynastyB.expertiseS.proprietor

WordsThatName,II

Nounsarewordsthatnameaperson,place,thing,oridea.Withoutnouns,nothingwouldhaveaname.

1.plumage(n):thefeathersofabirdMalepeacocksareknownfortheirmagnificentplumage.

2.legacy(n):somethinghandeddownorbequeathedbyapredecessor;estateThegreatestpartofmygrandfather’slegacywashiswonderfulcollectionofbooks.

3.ingredient(n):asubstancethatisinamixtureorcompound;component;partSugarwasamajoringredientofthecakeAlanabaked.

4.posterity(n):futuregenerationsOurcurrentgenerationshouldleaveacleanerEarthforposterity.

5.lobbyist(n):apersonwhoattemptstoinfluencelawmakersonbehalfofspecialinterestgroupsThelobbyisturgedthesenatortosupportlawsthatwouldencourageconservation.

6.plague(n):ahighlyinfectiousdisease;apestilenceDuringtheMiddleAges,aplaguekilledmillionsofpeople.

7.clarity(n):thestateofbeingclear;lucidity;distinctivenessEveryoneunderstoodRoger’sideasbecauseheexplainedthemwithgreatclarity.

8.interpreter(n):apersonwhotranslatesonelanguageintoanotherCamille’sauntworksattheUnitedNationsasaninterpreter.

9.aviary(n):alargeenclosureforkeepingbirdsThezoowevisitedhadanaviary.

10.sage(n):apersonknownforhisorherwisdomandjudgment;philosopher;intellectualBeforemakingimportantdecisions,thevillagechiefsoughttheadviceofthesage.

VocabularyTip

InEnglishsentences,nounscanserveasthesubjectofasentence,theobjectofaverb,theobject

ofapreposition,apredicatenoun,orasanappositive.

21.1AFamousRabbit

BugsBunny,whofirstappearedincartoonsintheearly1940s,wasnotacompletelyoriginalcharacter.Heevolvedfromanearliercartooncharacterwhoappearedinthemid-1930s.Whowasthischaracter?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachwordwithitsdefinition.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.apersonwhotranslatesonelanguageintoanother________A.interpreterS.clarityM.lobbyist

2.apersonwhoattemptstoinfluencelawmakersonbehalfofspecialinterestgroups________N.sageP.lobbyistR.aviary

3.thefeathersofabird________T.plumageD.posterityS.aviary

4.apersonknownforhisorherwisdomandjudgment________U.interpreterI.legacyY.sage

5.asubstancethatisinamixtureorcompound;component;part________W.clarityR.ingredientH.plague

6.alargeenclosureforkeepingbirds________E.legacyI.aviaryA.plumage

7.thestateorqualityofbeingclear;lucidity;distinctiveness________

P.clarityM.legacyS.interpreter

8.futuregenerations________N.legacyT.lobbyistB.posterity

9.somethinghandeddownorbequeathedbyapredecessor;estate________M.posterityH.legacyR.aviary

10.ahighlyinfectiousdisease;apestilence________G.plumageE.posterityB.plague

21.2CrackerJack

PeoplehavebeenenjoyingCrackerJacksasatastysnackforoverahundredyears.WhatarethenamesoftheboyanddogontheCrackerJackbox?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Theoldmanwasa________,respectedforhisintelligenceandreason.

2.Somescientistsworrythatamodern-day________couldkillcountlesspeople.

3.An________mustbeaccuratewhentranslatingonelanguageintoanother.

4.The________ofsomebirds,suchascardinalsandbluejays,isdistinctive.

5.Thecompanyhireda________inhopesofinfluencingmembersofCongresstopasscertainlaws.

6.Withsharp________,thepresidentoutlinedhisplanforthenation.

7.Becauseofdamagefromthestorm,somebirdsescapedfromthe________.

8.TheConstitutionwaswrittenforthepeopleofthetimeandalsofor________.

9.Mr.Harper’s________tohisfamilywasthesuccessfulcompanyhehadfounded.

10.Mariacheckedthecookierecipetomakesureshehadtherightamountofeach________.

AnswersJ.interpreterI.legacyC.clarityN.plumageG.posterityA.ingredientD.sageO.aviaryS.lobbyist

L.plague

21.3BreakingtheSoundBarrier

In1947,ChuckYeagerbecamethefirstmantoflyfasterthanthespeedofsound.In1953,thefirstwomanflewfasterthanthespeedofsound.Whowasshe?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisusedcorrectly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Aninterpreterisapersontowhomothersgoforadvice.E.correctU.incorrect

2.Welearnedthattheaviarycontainsmorethanahundredspeciesoffish.M.correctH.incorrect

3.Theadultslivinginourcountrynowareourposterity.E.correctJ.incorrect

4.Seekingknowledge,peoplejourneyedmilestospeakwiththesage.I.correctO.incorrect

5.Manypeoplewerecuredbecauseoftheplague.M.correctR.incorrect

6.Inasuddenburstofclarity,Nathanrealizedtheanswertotheproblem.A.correctI.incorrect

7.Theplumageofpolarbearsiswhite.S.correctQ.incorrect

8.Marissaknewthataddingonewrongingredientcouldruinthepie.E.correctN.incorrect

9.ThelobbyisthopedtomeetwithmembersofCongress.

C.correctK.incorrect

10.Mrs.Thompson’slegacywasanewparkforeveryonetoenjoy.N.correctE.incorrect

WordsThatName,III

Nounsarewordsthatnameaperson,place,thing,oridea.Withoutnouns,nothingwouldhaveaname.

1.chauffeur(n):apersonemployedtodriveacarMarkisachauffeurandworksforMr.Reynolds.

2.facade(n):thefaceofabuilding;afalseappearanceThebuilding’sbrickfacadehadbeguntocrack.

3.artifact(n):anobjectproducedbyahumanbeingThemostvaluableartifactfoundattheancientvillagewasanundamagedclaypot.

4.kindred(n):agroupofpeoplerelatedbyblood;aperson’srelatives;kinfolkTara’skindredallcomefromIreland.

5.amateur(n):apersonwhodoessomethingwithoutprofessionalskill;anoviceTessisawonderfuldancerbutshestillconsidersherselftobeanamateur.

6.apparition(n):aghostlyfigure;aspecterKelliwascertainshesawanapparitioninthewindowoftheoldhouse.

7.entrepreneur(n):apersonwhostartsabusinessWhenKarlstartedhislawnservice,hebecameanentrepreneur.

8.applicant(n):apersonwhoappliesforapositionChelseywasthemostqualifiedapplicantforthejob.

9.inhabitant(n):apermanentresidentofaplaceThetallstrangerwasaninhabitantofthedistantvalley.

10.anthropologist(n):ascientistwhostudiestheoriginsanddevelopmentofhumanbeingsTrisha’sfatherisananthropologistatthemuseum.

VocabularyTip

Nounsmaybesingularorplural.MostpluralformsofEnglishnounshavean-sor-esending.Irregularnounshavevariousendingsornoendingatall.

22.1Minnesota

ThenameMinnesotacomesfromawordoftheNativeAmericanDakotatribe.WhatdidMinnesotaoriginallymean?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.apermanentresidentofaplace________

2.apersonwhoappliesforaposition________

3.agroupofpeoplerelatedbyblood;aperson’srelatives;kinfolk________

4.apersonwhostartsabusiness________

5.apersonwhodoessomethingwithoutprofessionalskill________

6.aghostlyfigure;aspecter________

7.apersonemployedtodriveacar________

8.anobjectproducedbyahumanbeing________

9.thefaceofabuilding;afalseappearance________

10.ascientistwhostudiestheoriginsanddevelopmentofhumanbeings________

AnswersK.chauffeurW.anthropologistI.artifactA.kindredD.inhabitantS.applicantE.entrepreneurY.amateurT.facadeR.apparition

22.2KingKong

InthemovieKingKong,thegreatapeclimbedawell-knownbuildinginNewYorkCity.Whatisthenameofthisbuilding?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Jonathanwasthebest________forthepositionofassistantmanager.E.apparitionN.chauffeurT.applicant

2.Natalieandher________allliveinKentucky.M.kindredH.facadeR.amateur

3.Emilyhasbeenan________ofthecityallherlife.E.inhabitantY.entrepreneurS.apparition

4.Jamesworksasa________drivingpeopletoandfromtheairport.A.facadeE.chauffeurU.kindred

5.Melanie’sghostcostumewassodetailedthatshelookedlikeareal________.O.entrepreneurI.artifactH.apparition

6.Evanisan________boxerwhohopestobeaprofessionalsomeday.M.applicantL.inhabitantS.amateur

7.The________oftheancienttombwasmadeofmassivestones.C.artifact

T.facadeR.apparition

8.Mr.Jonesisan________whostartedseveralbusinessesovertheyears.R.entrepreneurM.applicantV.anthropologist

9.Tesswantstobean________andstudytheoriginsofhumans.E.inhabitantA.anthropologistO.amateur

10.The________clearlycamefromaprehistoricsettlement.U.amateurP.artifactR.applicant

22.3AVeryLoudAnimal

ThisseacreatureisconsideredtobetheloudestanimalonEarth.Itscall,whichcanreachlevelsofupto188decibels,canbeheardforhundredsofmilesunderwater.Whatanimalisthis?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisusedcorrectly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.Inhisorherworktostudyspace,ananthropologistusesatelescope.U.correctE.incorrect

2.Achauffeurshouldbeanexperienceddriver.E.correctS.incorrect

3.Davidisanentrepreneurwhofoundedacompanythatrecyclesoldcomputers.A.correctT.incorrect

4.Thelighthousekeeperwastheonlyinhabitantofthesmallisland.A.correctO.incorrect

5.Theartifactwasajawboneofadinosaur.H.correctB.incorrect

6.ToddadmiredthefacadeinthebasementofthebuildingR.correctH.incorrect

7.Theapparitionappearedatthetopofthestairsandslowlyfloateddownward.U.correctY.incorrect

8.Someone’skindredincludesallofthepeoplesheknows.T.correctL.incorrect

9.Everyapplicantforthejobwasrequiredtoanswerquestionsaboutherexperience.W.correctN.incorrect

10.Anamateurisayoungprofessional.D.correctL.incorrect

WordsThatName,IV

Nounsarewordsthatnameaperson,place,thing,oridea.Withoutnouns,nothingwouldhaveaname.

1.braggart(n):apersonwhoboasts;aboasterAlecisabraggartwhotellseveryoneaboutallthegreatthingshehasdone.

2.perjury(n):thewillfulgivingoffalsetestimonywhileunderoathBylyingwhenhewasonthewitnessstand,themancommittedperjury.

3.evidence(n):thatwhichseemstoproveordisprovesomething;proofThejuryconsideredtheevidencecarefullybeforereachingadecision.

4.tenet(n):anopinionorprinciplethatapersonororganizationbelievestobetrueAtenetofourschool’sconservationclubisthatindividualshavearesponsibilitytoconservetheEarth’sresources.

5.stalemate(n):asituationinwhichfurtheractionbyopponentsisimpossible;deadlockMartyandIreachedastalemateinourchessgame.

6.agenda(n):alistofthingstobedone,especiallyforameeting;ascheduleTheagendaforthestaffmeetingwastwopageslong.

7.premonition(n):awarninginadvance;aforewarningDespitetheforecastofniceweather,Marlenatookherumbrellabecauseshehadapremonitionitwouldrain.

8.controversy(n):adisputebetweensidesholdingdifferentopinions;aquarrelThecontroversyoverwhethertobuildanewhighschooldividedthetownspeople.

9.acquaintance(n):apersonsomeoneknows;knowledgeofapersonorthingMattisanacquaintanceofmine.

10.enigma(n):athingthatpuzzlesorbaffles;apuzzle;amysteryHowourdogkeptgettingoutofourfenced-inyardwasanenigma.

VocabularyTip

Acompletesentencerequirestwowords:anounandaverb.

23.1AnArchenemy

ThismanisthearchenemyoffameddetectiveSherlockHolmes.Whoishe?Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfrom

thewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.adisputebetweensidesholdingdifferentopinions;aquarrel________

2.anopinionorprinciplethatapersonororganizationbelievestobetrue________

3.apersonsomeoneknows;knowledgeofapersonorthing________

4.athingthatpuzzlesorbaffles;apuzzle;amystery________

5.apersonwhoboasts;aboaster________

6.asituationinwhichfurtheractionbyopponentsisimpossible;adeadlock________

7.alistofthingstobedone,especiallyforameeting;aschedule________

8.thatwhichcanproveordisprovesomething;proof________

9.awarninginadvance;aforewarning________

10.thewillfulgivingoffalsetestimonywhileunderoath________

AnswersT.tenetS.agendaM.evidenceF.braggartO.acquaintanceR.perjuryY.enigmaE.controversyI.stalemateP.premonition

23.2Alabama

ThenameAlabamacomesfromaChoctawword.WhatdidAlabamaoriginallymean?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.PlansforcelebratingEarthDaywerelistedonthe________fortheteacher’smeeting.

2.TheoddsoundsthatcamefromtheswampeveryHalloweenwerean________.

3.Kaylahadanawful________thatsheshouldnottakethebustowork.

4.Afriendismorethanan________.

5.Theideaforstudentstowearuniformsatourschoolisa________,withsomepeopleforitandsomeagainstit.

6.The________boastedofallhisaccomplishments.

7.Withneithersidewillingtocompromise,thenegotiationscametoa________.

8.Whileunderoath,thedefendantgavefalseinformationandwasguiltyof________.

9.Themain________ofthecharityisthatnooneinneedisturnedaway.

10.Thepolicehad________linkingtheaccusedthieftotheburglary.

AnswersE.evidenceS.controversyL.premonitionH.braggartA.enigmaC.stalemateR.perjuryI.acquaintanceK.agendaT.tenet

23.3AChicagoFirst

In1893,ChicagobecamethefirstcityintheUnitedStatestohavethis.Whatwasit?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replacetheunderlinedwordor

phrasewiththewordorphrasethathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsorphrasesaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.Willfullygivingfalsetestimonywhileunderoathisaseriousoffense.E.AnagendaU.PerjuryO.Anenigma

2.Thedisputeoverwhethertochangetheschoollunchmenuinvolvedmostofthestudents.I.tenetS.evidenceA.controversy

3.Itwasamysteryhowthebumblingdetectivealwayssolvedhiscases.I.anenigmaE.apremonitionN.perjury

4.Whileshoppingatthemall,Vanessasawapersonsheknewfromwork.A.anacquaintanceO.anenigmaI.astalemate

5.Jansentthelistofthingstobedoneforthemeetingtotheclub’smembers.A.agendaU.controversyY.evidence

6.Rhondaisaboasterandalwaystellsusaboutherwonderfulvacations.S.tenetC.stalemateN.braggart

7.Thelongskidmarkswereproofthatthecarwasspeedingbeforetheaccident.A.anenigmaU.evidence

E.atenet

8.Weplayedseveraltick-tack-toegamestoadeadlock.O.controversyR.stalemateN.perjury

9.TheforewarningthatsomethingbadwouldsoonhappenmadeLuisshudder.M.premonitionS.tenetN.enigma

10.Mr.Gonzalesrunshisbusinessaccordingtoasimpleprinciple:givethecustomerthebestservicepossible.M.acquaintanceR.enigmaQ.tenet

ActionWords,I

Englishwordsthatexpressactionareamajorcategoryofverbs.Theyaddstrengthandvigortospeakingandwriting.

1.conserve(v):toprotectfromloss;tousecarefully;toavoidwaste;tosave;topreserveEveryoneshouldtrytoconserveenergy.

2.determine(v):todecideorsettle,forexample,aquestionorargument;tofindout;toresolveScientistscouldnotdeterminetheexactcoursethefallingsatellitewouldtake.

3.amplify(v):tomakelargerormorepowerful;toincrease;toenlargeThemagicpotionwillamplifytheevilwizard’spower.

4.encompass(v):toformacircleorringaround;tosurround;toencloseTheenemy’splanwastoencompassthefort.

5.accommodate(v):todoaserviceorfavorfor;tooblige;toassistThestaffatthehoteltrytoaccommodateeveryguest.

6.capitulate(v):tosurrender;togiveinThecommanderofthefortrefusedtocapitulate.

7.contemplate(v):tolookatthoughtfully;toconsider;toponderEveryhighschoolstudentiswisetocontemplatehisorherfuture.

8.ratify(v):togivesanctionto;toconfirm;toapproveThecouncilmembersvotedtoratifythenewrecyclingscheduleforthetown.

9.prescribe(v):tosetdownasaruleordirectiontobefollowed;toorder,especiallytheuseofamedicine;todirectAftercheckingJillian’ssorethroat,thedoctordecidedtoprescribeanantibiotic.

10.prevail(v):togainmasteryover;tobegreaterinstrengthorinfluence;totriumphThekingtoldhissubjectsthattheymustprevailagainsttheinvaders.

VocabularyTip

MostEnglishverbsexpressaction.

24.1ACandyMan

In1930,FranklinMarsintroducedacandythatisstillpopulartoday.Whatisthenameofthiscandy?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.tosetdownasaruleoradirectiontobefollowed;toorder,especiallytheuseofamedicine;todirect________

2.tosurrender;togivein________

3.tomakelargerormorepowerful;toincrease;toenlarge________

4.tolookatthoughtfully;toconsider;toponder________

5.togivesanctionto;toconfirm;toapprove________

6.todoaserviceorfavorfor;tooblige;toassist________

7.toformacircleorringaround;tosurround;toenclose________

8.todecideorsettle,forexampleaquestionorargument;tofindout;toresolve________

9.togainmasteryover;tobegreaterinstrengthorinfluence;totriumph________

10.toprotectfromloss;tousecarefully;toavoidwaste;tosave;topreserve________

AnswersR.capitulateS.contemplateN.conserveC.prescribeA.ratifyT.amplifyK.prevailH.accommodateB.determine

E.encompass

24.2ADifferentMethodforGrowingPlants

Thismethodisusedforgrowingplantsinasolutionofwaterandnutrientswithoutsoil.Whatisitcalled?

Toanswerthequestion,findthephrasethatdefineseachwordbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthephrasesaftereachword.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.

24.3TheThreeMusketeers

AlexandreDumaswroteTheThreeMusketeersin1844.Whatwerethenamesofthethreemusketeers?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordorphrasewiththewordthathasasimilarmeaning.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Althoughmybrotherheldmedownfirmlyinourwrestlingmatch,Iwouldnotgivein.H.approveT.capitulateR.ratify

2.Ancientastronomerswouldcontemplatethemovementofthestarsandplanets.H.ponderM.conserveR.capitulate

3.Youcanuseamagnifyingglasstoamplifyanimage.E.ratifyU.preserveA.enlarge

4.Thechampionboxertoldhisfansthathewouldprevailoveranyopponents.R.triumphN.capitulateI.resolve

5.Doctorsconsiderapatient’ssymptomsbeforetheyordertheuseofmedicine.M.accommodateH.prescribeR.assist

6.Ahighwallwasbuilttoencompassthesecretresearchbuilding.E.ponderA.resolveI.enclose

7.Isaveenergybyturningoffelectricaldeviceswhentheyarenotinuse.E.obligeO.conserve

I.enlarge

8.Whenevermygrandparentscometovisit,weassisttheminanywaywecan.T.contemplateA.accommodateI.confirm

9.Beforeatreatygoesintoeffect,theU.S.Senatemustapproveit.N.triumphS.encompassP.ratify

10.Wetriedtodecidewhethertheoldtreasuremapwasrealorfake.A.determineT.prescribeY.amplify

ActionWords,II

Englishwordsthatexpressactionareamajorcategoryofverbs.Theyaddstrengthandvigortospeakingandwriting.

1.collaborate(v):toworktogether;tocooperateAllmembersofthegroupshouldbewillingtocollaborate.

2.recommend(v):topraiseorcommendsomeoneasbeingworthy;toendorse;toadviseMrs.JohnsonishappywithDanaasababysitterandwillrecommendhertoothers.

3.replenish(v):tofillormakecompleteagain;torestoreTherecentheavyrainswillreplenishthereservoirs.

4.reinforce(v):tostrengthen;toincreaseinnumberAftertheminorearthquake,wehadtoreinforcethefoundationofourhouse.

5.bestow(v):topresentasagiftorhonor;toconfer;tograntThemayorwillbestowmedalsonthepoliceofficersfortheirheroism.

6.comply(v):toactinaccordancewithanother’scommand,wish,orrule;toobeyThebossexpectedallemployeestocomplywiththecompany’spolicies.

7.diminish(v):tomakesmallerorless;tobecomesmallerorless;todecreaseByeveningtheintensityofthesnowstormstartedtodiminish.

8.eradicate(v):togetridofcompletely;toeliminateItisthehopeofmodernmedicinetoeradicatedisease.

9.negotiate(v):tobargainwithanothertoreachanagreement;toarrangeorsettleRepresentativesforbothsideswillnegotiatethenewcontract.

10.distort(v):totwistorbendoutofshape;togiveafalseormisleadingaccountof;tomisrepresentThestormwasstrongenoughtodistortTVandradioreception.

VocabularyTip

Linkingverbsareaspecialtypeofverb.Theydonotexpressactionbutratherlinkthesubjectof

asentencewithawordinthepredicate.Wordssuchasam,is,was,are,andwerearelinkingverbs.

25.1ASneeze-CausingPlant

Manypeoplehaveanallergytothepollenofragweed.Andasingleragweedplantproducesalotofpollen.Abouthowmuchpollencanasingleragweedplantproduce?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.toactinaccordancewithanother’scommand,wish,orrule;toobey________

2.tofillormakecompleteagain;torestore________

3.totwistorbendoutofshape;togiveafalseormisleadingaccountof;tomisrepresent________

4.togetridofcompletely;toeliminate________

5.tomakesmallerorless;tobecomesmallerorless;todecrease________

6.toworktogether;tocooperate________

7.tostrengthen;toincreaseinnumber________

8.tobargainwithanothertoreachanagreement;toarrangeorsettle________

9.topresentasagiftorhonor;toconfer;togrant________

10.topraiseorcommendsomeoneasbeingworthy;toendorse;toadvise________

AnswersE.distortR.negotiateA.eradicateB.reinforceS.replenishO.collaborateN.recommendG.complyL.bestowI.diminish

25.2CandyMaker

Thischefspecializesinmakingcandy.Whatisthischefcalled?Toanswerthequestion,findthephrasethatdefineseachwordbelow.Chooseyour

answersfromthephrasesaftereachword.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

25.3Andromeda

AndromedaisaconstellationintheskyabovetheNorthernHemisphere.WhowasAndromedainGreekmythology?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordorphrasewiththewordthathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Jamestriedtogiveamisleadingaccountofwhatreallyhappened.R.reinforceN.recommendA.distort

2.Thetwoauthorsdecidedtoworktogetheronanewnovel.H.collaborateS.negotiateL.comply

3.Visitorstothewildlifeparkmustactinaccordancewiththepark’ssafetyrules.I.eliminateR.collaborateT.comply

4.Thekingwillbestowknighthoodonthebravewarrior.D.strengthenQ.adviseP.confer

5.PatricktriedtoarrangehisfeeforshovelingsnowforMrs.Martin.E.negotiateA.collaborateU.comply

6.RestwillrestoreAnnie’sstrengthaftersherunsthemarathon.N.replenishH.eliminateT.negotiate

7.Oncethestormpasses,thewindswilldiminish.

U.conferO.decreaseE.restore

8.Weworkedalldaytoeradicatetheweedsfromtheflowerbeds.H.increaseR.eliminateA.settle

9.IaskedourlibrariantoadvisemeofabookIcouldreadformybookreport.U.collaborateE.replenishI.recommend

10.Moremenwereneededtoincreasethenumberofthecastle’sdefenders.O.distortS.reinforceT.bestow

ActionWords,III

Englishwordsthatexpressactionareamajorcategoryofverbs.Theyaddstrengthandvigortospeakingandwriting.

1.refute(v):toprovetobefalse;todisproveThedefenseattorneytriedtorefutethechargesagainstherclient.

2.verify(v):toprovethetruthoraccuracyofsomething;toconfirmAstronomerssoughttoverifytherecentdiscoveryofanEarthlikeplanet.

3.unify(v):tocombineintoaunit;tobecomeorcausetobeone;touniteColonialleadersworkedtounifythethirteencolonies.

4.suppress(v):toputanendtoforcibly;toholdbackThedictatorattemptedtosuppresshisopposition.

5.assert(v):tostateorexpresspositively;toaffirm;todeclareWelistenedtothegovernorassertthatthestatewaspreparedforthecomingsnowstorm.

6.obliterate(v):todestroycompletely;todemolishInthemovie,amassiveasteroidthreatenedtoobliterateNewYorkCity.

7.refuse(v):todeclinetodosomething;torejectWheneversheisangry,thechildwillrefusetodowhateversheisasked.

8.abstain(v):torefrainfromsomethingbychoice;toavoidSomestudentswillabstainfromeatingtheschoollunchesbecauseofthenewmenu.

9.vanquish(v):todefeatorconquer;toovercomeThepowerfulinvaderswillvanquishanyonewhodaresstandagainstthem.

10.appease(v):tocalm,especiallybygivingsomethingthatiswanted;topacify;toplacateThemotherhadtoappeasethefitfultoddlerbygivinghimanewtoy.

VocabularyTip

MostEnglishverbsformtheirpasttensebyadding-ed.Irregularverbshavevariouspastforms.

26.1TheFirstLoser

ThismanwasthefirstpersontoloseaU.S.presidentialelection.(Hedidlatergoontobecomepresident.)Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.todeclinetodosomething;toreject________

2.todefeatorconquer;toovercome________

3.toprovetobefalse;todisprove________

4.tostateorexpresspositively;toaffirm;todeclare________

5.torefrainfromsomethingbychoice;toavoid________

6.toprovethetruthoraccuracyofathing;toconfirm________

7.toputanendtoforcibly;toholdback________

8.tocalm,especiallybygivingsomethingthatiswanted;topacify;toplacate________

9.todestroycompletely;todemolish________

10.tocombineintoaunit;tobecomeorcausetobeone;tounite________

AnswersM.unifyO.assertJ.appeaseE.refuseF.suppressR.refuteH.verifyS.abstainT.obliterateA.vanquish

26.2AnAmericanCookbook

In1796,thiswomanpublishedthefirstAmericancookbook,aptlynamedAmericanCookery.Whowasthiswoman?

Toanswerthequestion,findthephrasethatdefineseachwordbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthephrasesaftereachword.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

26.3BigNewsViaTelegraph

Thispresident’sinaugurationwasthefirsttobereportedbytelegraph.Whowasthispresident?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Scientiststriedto________theexactlocationoftheearthquake.

2.Itisusuallybettertoavoidbulliesratherthantryto________them.

3.Peoplefearedthattheeruptingvolcanowould________thetown.

4.Colinalwaysfindsawayto________hisopponentsinvideogames.

5.Toloseweight,Shaneplansto________fromeatinganydesserts.

6.I________toopenanysuspiciouse-mails.

7.Theteacherencouragedtheshystudentto________herselfwhengivingherspeech.

8.Thecompanysoughtto________informationaboutproblemswithitsproducts.

9.Duringthedebate,bothteamsattemptedto________theiropponent’sarguments.

10.Thebarbarianleaderhopedto________thedifferenttribesintoone.

AnswersJ.refuseK.refuteO.assertN.appeaseP.suppressE.obliterateA.verifyX.vanquishM.unifyL.abstain

ActionWords,IV

Englishwordsthatexpressactionareamajorcategoryofverbs.Theyaddstrengthandvigortospeakingandwriting.

1.saunter(v):towalkataleisurelypace;tostrollPeoplesaunteralongtheboardwalkonsummerevenings.

2.pulverize(v):toreducetopowderordustbycrushing;todemolishMiningcompaniessometimespulverizerockstoobtainvaluableminerals.

3.lubricate(v):toapplyasubstancetomakeathingslipperyorsmooth;tooilorgreaseClaudiahelpedherfatherlubricatethewheelsofthelawnmower.

4.infuriate(v):tomakeveryangry;toenrageIsometimesthinkmylittlebrotherlikestoinfuriateme.

5.hover(v):toremainfloatingorsuspendedintheair;toremainorlingernearbyRhiannonwatchedahummingbirdhovernearaflower.

6.engulf(v):tosurroundandenclosecompletely;tooverwhelmTheincomingfogfromtheseawouldsoonengulfthetown.

7.accelerate(v):toincreasethespeedof;tomoveorbecomefaster;toquickenWewatchedtheracecarsacceleratetowardthefinishline.

8.persevere(v):topersistinanypurpose;tostriveinspiteofdifficulties;toendureAlisonwillpersevereinherdreamtobeawritersomeday.

9.culminate(v):toreachthehighestpointordegree;toconcludeOurfinalyearinmiddleschoolwillculminateingraduation.

10.designate(v):toindicateorspecify;topointout;toappointBluedotsontheroadmapdesignaterestareas.

VocabularyTip

Choosestrongactionwordstoexpressyourideas.

27.1Chimpanzees

Thiswomanisknownforhertirelessstudyofchimpanzees.Whoisshe?Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswerfrom

thewordsaftereachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.toincreasethespeedof;tomoveorbecomefaster;toquicken________E.saunterA.accelerateY.lubricate

2.toindicateorspecify;topointout;toappoint________O.infuriateE.culminateA.designate

3.toremainfloatingorsuspendedintheair;toremainorlingernearby________M.accelerateD.hoverS.persevere

4.towalkataleisurelypace;tostroll________N.saunterR.accelerateI.culminate

5.tomakeveryangry;toenrage________A.designateI.pulverizeO.infuriate

6.toreachthehighestpointordegree;toconclude________S.engulfL.hoverJ.culminate

7.toreducetopowderordustbycrushing;todemolish________L.pulverizeS.designateE.infuriate

8.tosurroundandenclosecompletely;tooverwhelm________S.culminateE.engulfA.hover

9.toapplyasubstancetomakeslipperyorsmooth;tooilorgrease________G.lubricateM.accelerateR.saunter

10.topersistinanypurpose;tostriveinspiteofdifficulties;toendure________Y.hoverE.infuriateL.persevere

27.2Ohio

ThenameOhiocomesfromanIroquoianword.WhatdidOhiooriginallymean?Toanswerthequestion,findthephrasethatbestdefineseachwordbelow.Chooseyour

answersfromthephrasesaftereachword.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

27.3AFirstfortheU.S.Congress

ThiswomanwasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomanelectedtotheU.S.Congress.Whowasshe?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.Arocketmust________toahighspeedtoescapetheEarth’sgravity.

2.Theownerofthecompanywill________hisdaughterashissuccessor.

3.Ernestowill________thehingesonthefence’sgatesothatitopenssmoothly.

4.Teasingananimalcan________him.

5.MypresentationabouttheMayanswill________inaslideshow.

6.Deerfrequently________throughourbackyard.

7.Thefirefightersarrivedjustastheflameswereaboutto________thehouse.

8.MathisahardsubjectforShane,buthepromisedhimselfthathewould________andearnapassinggrade.

9.Thebigwreckingballwillquickly________theoldbuilding.

10.Unlikeaplane,ahelicoptercan________overaspot.

AnswersC.engulfH.pulverizeS.accelerateL.persevereI.saunterO.designateM.lubricateE.hoverR.culminateY.infuriate

DescriptiveWords,I

Descriptivewordscanadddetailstosentences.Theyaddinteresttoexpression.

1.conventional(adj):arisingfromgeneralusageorcustom;customaryWecelebratetheFourthofJulyinaconventionalmanner,firstwithapicnicandthenattendingafireworksshow.

2.eerie(adj):inspiringfearordread;weirdAlanatrembledattheeerielightcomingfromtheold,abandonedhouse.

3.arrogant(adj):overlyconvincedofone’sownimportance;overbearing;haughty;conceitedJohnisarrogantandbelievesheisbetterthanotherstudents.

4.exclusive(adj):intendedfororpossessedbyasinglepersonorgroup;privateWehadexclusivebackstageticketsthatallowedustomeettheconcert’sstars.

5.judicious(adj):havingorexercisinggoodjudgment;prudentLizaisajudiciousstudentwhowillmakeanexcellentstudentcouncilpresident.

6.potential(adj):possible;latentPotentialsnowfallamountsfromthestormcouldexceedtwofeet.

7.strenuous(adj):requiringorcharacterizedbygreateffortorexertion;arduousRussellwasexhaustedafteratwo-hour,strenuousworkoutinthegym.

8.belligerent(adj):eagertofight;hostile;aggressive;quarrelsomeWhenRobertisinabadmood,hebecomesbelligerent.

9.indisputable(adj):undeniable;irrefutable;incontestable;evidentWiththeemptycookiewrapperbyhispillow,itwasindisputablethatmydoghadeatenmysnack.

10.exorbitant(adj):exceedingtheusualandproperlimits;excessive;extravagantThepriceoftheticketstothechampionshipgamewasexorbitant.

VocabularyTip

Adjectivesandadverbsaredescriptivewords.

28.1InPursuitofAtoms

Thisscientistisoftenreferredtoasthefatherofnuclearphysicsforhisstudyofatoms.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.havingorexercisinggoodjudgment;prudent________

2.requiringorcharacterizedbygreateffortorexertion;arduous________

3.exceedingtheusualandproperlimits;excessive;extravagant________

4.eagertofight;hostile;aggressive________

5.overlyconvincedofone’sownimportance;overbearing;haughty;conceited________

6.arisingfromgeneralusageorcustom;customary________

7.possible;latent________

8.undeniable;irrefutable;incontestable;evident________

9.intendedfororpossessedbyasinglepersonorgroup;private________

10.inspiringfearordread;weird________

AnswersS.judiciousD.conventionalR.eerieT.potentialH.strenuousO.indisputableU.belligerentN.arrogantE.exclusiveF.exorbitant

28.2Grenada

GrenadaisanislandlocatedintheCaribbeanSea.Itisaleadingproducerofacertainproductandissometimesreferredtobyaspecialname.WhatisGrenada’sspecialname?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Carryingtheheavynewsofaintothehousewasa________job.

2.Wefoundthehighfeesforparkinginthecitytobe________.

3.Ourfamilyisquiteordinaryandshares________attitudesonmostissues.

4.Basedontheinstantreplay,itwas________thattherunnersteppedoutofbounds.

5.The________noblemanfeltthathewasborntorule.

6.The________moviegaveEricanightmares.

7.The________tribewasalwaysatwarwithitsneighbors.

8.The________restaurantrequiredreservationstobemadeweeksinadvance.

9.Bradwouldliketoexpandhisbusinessandisconsideringnew________markets.

10.Giventheseverityofthesnowstorm,thedecisiontocloseschoolwas________.

AnswersS.indisputableI.potentialT.belligerentN.judiciousH.arrogantD.exclusiveA.exorbitantL.eerieP.strenuousE.conventional

28.3CleaningtheCoasts

Since1986,foronedayeachyearinSeptember,volunteersaroundtheworldcollecttrashanddebrisatcoastsalongbeaches,lakes,rivers,andotherwaterways.Whatisthiseventcalled?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordwiththewordthathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Thepricesofclothesinthestorewereexorbitant.

2.Bailinghayonmygrandfather’sfarmisstrenuouswork.

3.Tiara’ssisterhadacustomarywedding.

4.Theprivateshowingofthepainter’sworkwasbyinvitationonly.

5.Itisanindisputablefactthat .

6.Withreportsofmanyaccidents,ourdecisionnottodriveontheicyroadswasprudent.

7.TheeeriesoundcomingfromtheatticwokeJessicaandmadehershudder.

8.Thepotentialsavingsonourmonthlyelectricbillwillbeabout10percentifweswitchtoenergy-efficientlightbulbs.

9.Billyhasaquarrelsomenatureandisalwaysreadyforafight.

10.Haughtypeopleoftenhavefewtruefriends.

AnswersN.arrogantI.excessiveC.judiciousP.conventionalO.arduousR.weirdA.belligerentL.possible

T.exclusiveE.undeniable

DescriptiveWords,II

Descriptivewordscanadddetailstosentences.Theyaddinteresttoexpression.

1.trivial(adj):oflittleimportance;insignificant;triflingElenaandhersistersometimesargueovertrivialproblems.

2.sluggish(adj):displayinglittlemovement;lackinginalertnessorenergy;slowSarafeltsluggishbecauseofhercold.

3.ravenous(adj):extremelyhungry;voracious;greedy;predatoryHavingnoteatensincebreakfast,byeveningIwasravenous.

4.prudent(adj):exercisinggoodjudgmentorcommonsense;judicious;sensibleBuyingafuel-efficientcarisaprudentdecision.

5.intensive(adj):pertainingtogreatconcentration,power,orforce;thoroughBecomingadoctorrequiresintensivestudy.

6.controversial(adj):pertainingtoadispute;disputable;arguableThecontroversialdecisiontoeliminatetheschool’sartprogramupsetmanystudentsandparents.

7.tedious(adj):tiresome;uninteresting;wearisome;boringMatthewalwaysfoundcleaninghisroomtobeatediousjob.

8.invaluable(adj):priceless;indispensableThering,whichhadbeenpasseddownfromLucy’sgreatgrandmother,wasinvaluable.

9.vital(adj):necessaryforlife;life-sustaining;essentialOxygen,food,water,andshelterarevitaltoanimallifeonEarth.

10.predominant(adj):havinggreaterimportance,power,ornumber;superior;paramountTheCougarsarethepredominantteaminourconference.

VocabularyTip

Whenspeakingandwriting,choosedescriptivewordsthatformclearimagesinthemindsof

listenersandreaders.

29.1YourLungs

Ifyouarelikemostpeople,yourleftlungisslightlysmallerthanyourrightlung.Why?Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfrom

thewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.pertainingtogreatconcentration,power,orforce;thorough________

2.pertainingtoadispute;disputable;arguable________

3.havinggreaterimportance,power,ornumber;superior;paramount________

4.exercisinggoodjudgmentorcommonsense;judicious;cautious________

5.necessaryforlife;life-sustaining;essential________

6.priceless;indispensable________

7.extremelyhungry;voracious;greedy;predatory________

8.displayinglittlemovement;lackinginalertnessorenergy;slow________

9.oflittleimportance;insignificant;trifling________

10.tiresome;uninteresting;wearisome;boring________

AnswersY.sluggishH.trivialO.tediousE.prudentM.controversialU.predominantT.ravenousK.intensiveR.vitalA.invaluable

29.2ACaveResearcher

Thispersonstudiescaves.Whatisheorshecalled?Toanswerthequestion,findthewordorphrasethatdefineseachwordbelow.Choose

youranswersfromthewordsorphrasesthatfolloweachword.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.tediousA.ofsoundmindO.indispensableE.tiresome

2.vitalO.life-sustainingI.exercisingcommonsenseA.paramount

3.ravenousS.disputableR.uninterestingT.extremelyhungry

4.intensiveN.spitefulL.thoroughC.superior

5.sluggishO.havinggreaternumberI.lackinginenergyU.wearisome

6.predominantW.essentialL.superiorH.insightful

7.invaluableE.thoroughS.priceless

O.sensible

8.controversialS.pertainingtoadisputeC.lackinginalertnessM.insignificant

9.prudentJ.havinggreaterpowerT.inactiveG.exercisingcommonsense

10.trivialE.thoroughU.essentialO.trifling

29.3Teeth

Yourprimaryteetharereplacedwithpermanentteeth.Whatisanothernameforyourpermanentteeth?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Ourflightwascanceledandwespent________anightattheairport.M.prudentD.tediousR.trivial

2.Manybiologistsagreethatlionsarethe________predator.N.tediousS.predominantD.sluggish

3.Thewolfstalkedhispreywith________eyes.A.ravenousU.controversialO.trivial

4.Savingmoneyforanemergencyis________.O.trivialA.intensiveE.prudent

5.Thecandidatesdebatedseveral________issueslastnight.Y.sluggishE.controversialU.ravenous

6.Havingownedasuccessfulbusiness,hergrandfathergaveLori________adviceforstartingherowncompany.C.invaluableR.triflingM.sluggish

7.Inherreport,Marlenatriedtoavoid________facts.N.prudent

L.ravenousS.trivial

8.Themedicaltestsprovided________informationaboutthepatient’scondition.N.controversialU.vitalS.tedious

9.Afterhavingstayeduplate,Peterwas________thenextday.U.sluggishA.invaluableE.prudent

10.Thepolicecaughtthefugitiveafterthe________manhunt.U.ravenousE.invaluableO.intensive

DescriptiveWords,III

Descriptivewordscanadddetailstosentences.Theyaddinteresttoexpression.

1.inconvenient(adj):notaccessibleorhandy;untimely;troublesomeThesnowstorm’sarrivalduringrushhourwasinconvenientforcommuters.

2.capacious(adj):capableofcontainingalargequantity;spacious;roomyThenewschoolhadacapaciouscafeteria.

3.ultimate(adj):final;last;eventual;supreme;greatestTheultimateobjectiveinchessistocaptureyouropponent’sking.

4.amiable(adj):havingapleasantdisposition;friendly;good-naturedJenniferisanamiablegirlwhoalwayshasasmile.

5.renowned(adj):famous;well-known;celebrated;eminentKarlisreadingthelatestbookoftherenownedauthor.

6.despondent(adj):feelingorexpressingdejection;disheartened;dispirited;depressedKalynwasdespondentafterbreakingherankle.

7.calamitous(adj):causingorinvolvingadisaster;disastrous;catastrophicTheeruptionofthevolcanowascalamitousfortheisland.

8.fallible(adj):capableofmakingamistake;liabletobeincorrect;imperfectHumanbeingsarefalliblecreatures.

9.mutual(adj):havingthesamerelationshiporattitudetowardeachother;reciprocalThetworivalteamssharemutualrespect.

10.available(adj):capableofbeingused;athand;accessible;handyWhenthepowerwentout,weusedeveryavailableflashlightinourhouse.

VocabularyTip

Anothernamefordescriptivewordsismodifiers.

30.1TheHairsonYourHead

Theaveragepersonhasalotofhairsonhisorherhead.Abouthowmanyhairsareontheaveragehumanscalp?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.causingorinvolvingadisaster;disastrous;catastrophic________

2.final;last;eventual;supreme;greatest________

3.famous;well-known;celebrated;eminent________

4.capableofbeingused;athand;accessible;handy________

5.capableofmakingamistake;liabletobeincorrect;imperfect________

6.notaccessibleorhandy;untimely;troublesome________

7.feelingorexpressingdejection;disheartened;dispirited;depressed________

8.havingthesamerelationshiporattitudetoeachother;reciprocal________

9.capableofcontainingalargequantity;spacious;roomy________

10.havingapleasantdisposition;friendly;good-natured________

AnswersH.availableN.amiableR.calamitousD.despondentU.ultimateO.mutualS.fallibleE.capaciousA.renownedT.inconvenient

30.2ABookCollector

Peoplewhocollectbooksareknownbyaspecialname.Whatisthisname?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Myfatherwasgladthatreplacementpartsforouroldsnowblowerwere________.L.calamitousR.capaciousP.available

2.ThestudentsatCarlo’snewschoolare________andhehasmademanyfriends.B.amiableN.despondentU.inconvenient

3.The________stormleftthousandsofpeoplewithoutelectricityfordays.U.mutualI.calamitousA.fallible

4.Formostpeople,beingwithoutacellphoneforawholedayisvery________.I.inconvenientU.availableO.fallible

5.ThomasEdisonwasa________inventor.N.capaciousS.mutualE.renowned

6.InRashid’sopinion,theNewYorkYankeesarethe________baseballteam.R.amiableB.ultimateM.capacious

7.RebeccaandCharlenewereintroducedbya________friend.S.calamitousH.mutualU.capacious

8.Ervin’sfathertoldhimthateveryoneis________andmakesmistakes.L.fallibleR.capaciousW.mutual

9.Morethanathousandpeopleattendedtheconcertinthe________theater.U.inconvenientI.capaciousE.mutual

10.Theteamwas________afterlosingthechampionshipgame.E.calamitousO.fallibleL.despondent

30.3AnAncientCity

Manyhistoriansbelievethatthiscity,whichwasflourishingatleast3,500yearsago,isoneoftheoldest(ifnottheoldest!)continuouslyinhabitedcityintheworld.Whatcityisthisandinwhatcountryisitlocated?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replacetheunderlinedwordwithawordthathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.ThegreatestvacationforJaredwouldbeatriparoundtheworld.S.ultimateU.availableL.capacious

2.Everyonefeelsdepressedoccasionally.N.inconvenientA.despondentT.mutual

3.Theclosingofthefactorywasacalamitouseventforthetown.U.reciprocalI.handyA.disastrous

4.Wewenttoanexhibitofarenownedartist’spaintings.U.famousO.capaciousA.good-natured

5.Thetwoscientistsshareareciprocaladmirationforeachother’swork.R.dispiritedP.calamitousM.mutual

6.StudentsfeelthatMrs.Morganisthemostamiableteacherintheschool.E.untimelyY.good-naturedA.fallible

7.Becauseofourearlyflight,wehadtoleaveourhomeatanuntimelyhour.

K.availableM.amiableC.inconvenient

8.Ourroomatthehotelwascapacious.D.spaciousB.amiableC.catastrophic

9.Awisepersonunderstandsthatheorsheisfallible.O.despondentI.imperfectR.celebrated

10.TheingredientsTinaneededtobakethecakewereavailableinthecupboards.S.handyC.disheartenedI.roomy

DescriptiveWords,IV

Descriptivewordscanadddetailstosentences.Theyaddinteresttoexpression.

1.ample(adj):oflargeorgreatsize;inabundantmeasure;substantial;extensiveOurnewhousehadamplespaceforfourpeople.

2.random(adj):havingnospecificpattern;haphazardArandompollfoundthat60percentofthestudentsinourschoolpreferredpizzaforlunch.

3.notorious(adj):Widelyknownandusuallydisapprovedof;infamousJesseJameswasanotoriousoutlawoftheOldWest.

4.fluent(adj):capableofspeakingandwritingeffortlessly;flowingsmoothly;gracefulLora’sauntisfluentinthreelanguages.

5.plausible(adj):seemingtobevalidoracceptable;believable;likelyScientistssoughtaplausibleexplanationforthestrangelightsinthesky.

6.celestial(adj):oforpertainingtotheskyorheaven;heavenly;divineInmanycultures,angelsarebelievedtobecelestialbeings.

7.genial(adj):havingafriendlydispositionormanner;kindlyRosaisagenialpersonandhasalotoffriends.

8.cynical(adj):distrustingofthevirtuesofothers;sneering;sarcasticJamesiscynicalandrefusestoseethegoodinpeople.

9.boisterous(adj):noisyandunrestrained;uproarious;stormyKimwasexhaustedafterbabysittingtheboisteroustwins.

10.dexterous(adj):skillfuluseofthehands,body,ormind;deft;adroitThepianist’sdexterousfingersseemedtodanceacrossthekeyboard.

VocabularyTip

Therightdescriptivewordscanhelpyoutoexpressyourideasclearly.

31.1YourBloodVessels

Yourbloodvesselscarryoxygenandfoodtoeverycellinyourbody.Theyalsocarrywastesawayfromyourcellstobeexcreted.Abouthowmanymilesofbloodvesselsdoestheaveragehumanadulthave?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.distrustingofthevirtuesofothers;sneering;sarcastic________

2.skillfuluseofthehands,body,ormind;deft;adroit________

3.capableofspeakingandwritingeffortlessly;flowingsmoothly;graceful________

4.havingafriendlydispositionormanner;kindly________

5.oflargeorgreatsize;inabundantmeasure;substantial;extensive________

6.seemingtobevalidoracceptable;believable;likely________

7.noisyandunrestrained;uproarious;stormy________

8.oforpertainingtotheskyorheaven;heavenly;divine________

9.havingnospecificpattern;haphazard________

10.widelyknownandusuallydisapprovedof;infamous________

AnswersI.boisterousX.notoriousU.fluentN.randomY.cynicalH.dexterousT.ampleO.celestialS.genial

A.plausible

31.2ASecret

Athingwrittenincodehasaspecialname.Whatisthisname?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordor

phrasewiththewordorphrasethathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsorphrasesaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.Thefanscheeredfortheirteamduringtheuproariouspeprally.E.adroitT.boisterousM.cynical

2.Mr.Leeisgenialandalwaysgreetseveryonewithasmile.U.dexterousO.cynicalA.kindly

3.Wepackedsubstantialsuppliesforourcampingtrip.O.uproariousT.notoriousR.ample

4.LexLuthor,Superman’sarchenemy,isaninfamousvillain.P.notoriousJ.cynicalS.unrestrained

5.Theaudienceapplaudedtheballerina’sfluentmovements.U.celestialR.gracefulM.plausible

6.Thestormuprootedtreesinahaphazardmanner.E.acynicalA.anextensiveO.arandom

7.Starsandplanetsaresometimesreferredtoasheavenlybodies.E.boisterousY.celestial

O.substantial

8.Sarcasticpeoplesometimessaythingsthatothersfindhurtful.C.CynicalT.InfamousK.Dexterous

9.Tommydidnothaveabelievableexcusefornotfinishinghiswork.M.plausibleR.notoriousD.haphazard

10.Thedeftclowneasilyturnedtheballoonintoarabbit.W.genialG.dexterousR.divine

31.3ASpecialScience

Thissciencedealswiththemotionofprojectiles.Whatisthenameofthisscience?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisused

correctly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.

1.Astronomersstudycelestialobjects.I.correctE.incorrect

2.Acynicalpersonusuallyappreciatesthegoodnessinothers.U.correctI.incorrect

3.Thegenialtourguidemadeourtripenjoyable.T.correctN.incorrect

4.Thepolicecouldnotcatchthenotoriousjewelthief.L.correctO.incorrect

5.Thereasonformyhighcellphonebillwasplausibleandmadenosense.N.correctS.incorrect

6.Theboisterousaudiencelistenedquietlyandpolitelytothedebate.U.correctA.incorrect

7.AliciaisfluentinEnglishandSpanish.C.correctK.incorrect

8.Marissahasanamplesupplyofpens,pencils,andpapersforschoolwork.B.correctT.incorrect

9.Thetree’sdexterousbranchesmovedgracefullyinthewind.M.correctS.incorrect

10.Jasonplaysaspecificsequenceofrandomnumbersinhisstate’slottery.O.correctL.incorrect

CompoundWords,I

Acompoundwordisformedfromtwoormorewords.Compoundwordsmaybeclosed(forexample,outcome),open(rushhour),orhyphenated(far-fetched).

1.whirlwind(n):acolumnofviolentlyrotatingair;atornadoThewhirlwindscatteredbranchesandleavesacrosstheyard.

2.waterfront(n):landborderinganaturalbodyofwaterTheseafoodrestaurantwaslocatedonthecity’swaterfront.

3.outcome(n):aresult;aconsequence;aneffectTheoutcomeofourscienceexperimentshowedthatmatterexpandswhenheated.

4.far-fetched(adj):improbable;unlikely;implausibleMikaofferedafar-fetchedexcusefornotcompletingherreport.

5.lightheaded(adj):delirious;giddy;faintBeingoutsideintheheatandhumidityalldaymadeKatelynfeellightheaded.

6.downpour(n):aheavyfallofrainWegotcaughtinadownpourwhilewalkingtoschoolandarrivedsoppingwet.

7.makeshift(adj):pertainingtosomethingusedasatemporaryorimprovisedsubstituteMygrandfathertoldmehowtouseastick,string,andhookasamakeshiftfishingpole.

8.rushhour(n):aperiodofhightrafficrush-hour(adj):pertainingtoaperiodofheavytrafficTogettothegameontime,wehadtodrivetothecityduringrushhour.Dadtriestoavoidrush-hourtrafficwhendrivingtowork.

9.drawbridge(n):astructurethatcanberaisedordrawnasidetopermitorpreventpassageTheonlywayoverthemoatandintothecastlewasacrossthedrawbridge.

10.frostbite(n):tissuedamageasaresultoffreezingToavoidfrostbite,youshouldwearwarmclothing.

VocabularyTip

Understandingthemeaningsofthewordsthatformacompoundwordcanprovidecluestothecompoundword’smeaning.

32.1CartoonSorcerer

InDisney’scartoonfeatureFantasia,thesorcerer’snameisYensid.WheredidthenameYensidcomefrom?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.aperiodofhightraffic________

2.improbable;unlikely;implausible________

3.aheavyfallofrain________

4.tissuedamageasaresultoffreezing________

5.acolumnofviolentlyrotatingair;atornado________

6.astructurethatcanberaisedordrawnasidetopermitorpreventpassage________

7.delirious;giddy;faint________

8.pertainingtosomethingusedasatemporaryorimprovisedsubstitute________

9.landborderinganaturalbodyofwater________

10.aresult;aconsequence;aneffect________

AnswersI.lightheadedD.waterfrontL.whirlwindB.rushhourA.downpourY.far-fetchedE.makeshiftS.outcomeW.frostbiteK.drawbridge

32.2FirstTelevisedPresidentialDebate

ThefirstteleviseddebatebetweencandidatesforU.S.presidentwasbroadcastin1960.Whowerethecandidates?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachwordontheleftwiththekeywordsofitsdefinitionontheright.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

32.3TheStarsintheSky

OnaclearnightintheNorthernHemisphere,awayfromthelightsofacityortown,apersonwithgoodvisioncanseealotofstars.Abouthowmanystarscanapersonwithgoodvisionseeonaclearnight,withouttheuseofanytelescopicdevices?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Thekingorderedthe________raisedindefenseofthecastle.

2.Momwaslatefordinnerbecauseofthe________traffic.

3.SometimeswhenIstanduptooquickly,Ibecome________.

4.________isadangerwhenyouareoutsideinverycoldtemperatures.

5.Thehotelwasonthe________,overlookingthebay.

6.The________causedminorstreetflooding.

7.Tomdidnotlikethestorybecauseofits________plot.

8.The________oftheelectionforstudentcouncilpresidentwasasurprise.

9.Arolled-upnewspapercanserveasa________flyswatter.

10.Wesawleavesanddustblowingaroundthecenterofthe________.

AnswersA.waterfrontV.rush-hourC.lightheadedF.outcomeU.downpourS.makeshiftT.far-fetchedE.drawbridgeN.whirlwind

O.frostbite

CompoundWords,II

Acompoundwordisformedfromtwoormorewords.Compoundwordsmaybeclosed(forexample,landlord),open(almamater),orhyphenated(bad-tempered).

1.turtleneck(n):ahighcollarthatfitsaroundtheneck;agarmentthathasahighcollarthatfitsaroundtheneck;(adj):havingahighcollarDanny’sturtleneckkeepshimwarmoncolddays.Sherriworehergreenturtlenecksweatertotheparty.

2.well-to-do(adj):prosperous;affluentTheJohnsonsareawell-to-dofamilythatownsseveralbusinessesintown.

3.custom-made(adj):built,created,orproducedaccordingtoanindividual’sspecificationsMygrandfatherhascustom-madefurnitureinhismountaincabin.

4.almamater(n):theschool,college,oruniversityonehasattended;aschoolsongMymother’salmamateristheUniversityofTexas.

5.old-fashioned(adj):favoringoutdatedclothing,ideas,ormethods;dated;obsoleteSometeenagersfeelthattheirparentsareold-fashioned.

6.bad-tempered(adj):irritable;irascible;quarrelsomeTheoldcatwasbad-temperedandpreferredtobeleftalone.

7.landlord(n):apersonwhoownsandrentsoutlands,buildings,orapartments;aninnkeeperOurlandlordallowshistenantstokeeppets.

8.showdown(n):anactionthatforcesanissuetoaconclusionThegamewasashowdownbetweenthebesttwoteamsintheconference.

9.brokenhearted(adj):grievouslysad;grief-strickenTheprincesswasbrokenheartedwhenshethoughttheprincewaslosttoherforever.

10.seaport(n):aharbor,town,orcitythathasfacilitiesforocean-goingshipsNewYorkCityisamajorseaport.

VocabularyTip

Becauselanguageevolvesovertime,newcompoundwordscomeintouse,andsomeopenandhyphenatedcompoundscanbecomeclosedcompounds.

33.1TheChipmunks

OfthefourmaincharactersofTheChipmunks,Alvinisthestar.Whoaretheotherthreemaincharacters?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.anactionthatforcesanissuetoaconclusion________

2.theschool,college,oruniversityonehasattended________

3.ahighcollarthatfitsaroundtheneck________

4.aharbor,town,orcitythathasfacilitiesforocean-goingships________

5.grievouslysad;grief-stricken________

6.favoringoutdatedclothing,ideas,ormethods;dated;obsolete________

7.built,created,orproducedaccordingtoanindividual’sspecifications________

8.irritable;irascible;quarrelsome________

9.apersonwhorentsoutlands,buildings,orapartments;aninnkeeper________

10.prosperous;affluent________

AnswersD.bad-temperedA.showdownT.brokenheartedN.almamaterI.seaportV.old-fashionedE.turtleneckM.custom-madeO.well-to-doS.landlord

33.2TheFirstMoonLanding

OnJuly20,1969,AmericanastronautsNeilArmstrongandEdwin(Buzz)Aldrinbecamethefirsthumanstolandonthemoon.Inwhatregionofthemoondidtheyland?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachwordontheleftwiththekeywordsofitsdefinitionontheright.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

33.3TheWizardofOz

InTheWizardofOz,DorothymeetstheScarecrow,theCowardlyLion,andtheTinMan.Allthreearesearchingforsomething.What,respectively,iseachlookingfor?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Thedustytrunkwefoundintheatticcontained________clothes.U.old-fashionedA.brokenheartedE.bad-tempered

2.Boliviaisalandlockedcountrywithoutasingle________.M.showdownR.landlordH.seaport

3.Martawas________andcriedeverynightuntilherlostdogwasfound.T.old-fashionedI.brokenheartedN.well-to-do

4.Toblockthecoldwindfromhisthroat,Randywearsa________.S.custom-madeT.turtleneckR.showdown

5.Unlikehispleasantbrother,Nateis________.C.bad-temperedE.almamaterA.turtleneck

6.Scottcalledthe________toaskiftheapartmentwasstillavailable.I.showdownU.seaportA.landlord

7.The________youngwomanwasalwaysdressedinthelatestfashions.U.custom-made

E.well-to-doY.turtleneck

8.Ateveryfootballgame,thebandplaysourschool’s________.U.seaportB.almamaterA.showdown

9.Intheoldwesterntown,thesheriffandtheoutlawmetfora________.R.landlordN.showdownL.turtleneck

10.Rachel’s________homewasbuiltexactlythewayshewantedit.H.bad-temperedO.landlordR.custom-made

WordsfromOtherLanguages,I

Overthecenturies,Englishhasaddedwordsfrommanyotherlanguages.

1.cosmonaut(n):aRussianastronaut(fromRussian)Acosmonaut,YuriGagarin,wasthefirsthumantotravelinspace.

2.boulevard(n):abroadstreet,oftenlinedwithtrees(fromFrench)Wewalkedalongtheboulevardandvisitedmanyofthesmallshops.

3.tortilla(n):athinbreadusuallymadefromcornmeal(fromSpanish)ForlunchDavehadatortillawithhamandcheese.

4.dinghy(n):asmallboat,oftencarriedonalargerboat(fromHindi)Thepirateslefttheirshipinthebayandrowedtoshoreinadinghy.

5.maelstrom(n):awhirlpoolofgreatsizeorviolence;asituationthatresemblesagreatwhirlpool(fromDutch)Sailorswarnedofamaelstromthatdestroyedshipsthatsailednearit.

6.wanderlust(n):astrongdesiretotravel(German)Becauseofwanderlust,UncleJimmyhasvisiteddozensofcountries.

7.debris(n):thescatteredremainsofsomethingdestroyed;ruins;rubble(fromFrench)Thefloodleftdebristhroughoutthetown.

8.sentinel(n):apersonthatstandsguard;asentry(fromItalian)Thesentinelstoodguardatthegateofthepalace.

9.flotilla(n):asmallfleetofships(fromSpanish)TheflotillasetsailfortheNewWorld.

10.veranda(n):aporchorbalcony(usuallyroofed)extendingaroundtheoutsideofabuilding(fromHindi)Wesatontheverandaandenjoyedthepleasantevening.

VocabularyTip

Englishcontinuestogrowbyaddingnewwordsfromotherlanguages.

34.1ElectricEels

Anelectriceelisalong,eel-likefishfoundinnorthernSouthAmerica.Itiscapableofproducingapowerfulelectricshockthatitusesfordefenseandtostunprey.Abouthowmuchofanelectricshockcantheelectriceelproduce?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.apersonthatstandsguard;asentry________

2.awhirlpoolofgreatsizeorviolence;asituationthatresemblesagreatwhirlpool________

3.aRussianastronaut________

4.thescatteredremainsofsomethingdestroyed;ruins,rubble________

5.aporchorbalcony(usuallyroofed)extendingaroundtheoutsideofabuilding________

6.asmallfleetofships________

7.abroadstreet,oftenlinedwithtrees________

8.asmallboat,oftencarriedonalargeboat________

9.astrongdesiretotravel________

10.athinbreadusuallymadefromcornmeal________

AnswersO.sentinelV.wanderlustI.cosmonautX.tortillaH.verandaU.boulevardL.debrisD.flotillaS.dinghy

R.maelstrom

34.2TheStatueofLiberty

TheStatueofLibertywasgivenbytheFrenchpeopletotheUnitedStatestocommemoratethecentennialofAmericanindependence.ThestatuewastheworkofaFrenchsculptor.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replaceeachunderlinedwordorphrasewiththewordthathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Theroofedbalconygavethehouseastatelyappearance.

2.Asentrystoodoutsidethecaptain’stent.

3.Astormwreckedthesmallfleetofships.

4.ValentinaTereshkovawasaRussianastronautandthefirstwomaninspace.

5.Themagiciancreatedagiantwhirlpoolthatthreatenedtoengulfhisenemies’ships.

6.Withtheirshipunabletocomeclosetoshorebecauseoftheshallowwater,theexplorersusedasmallboattoreachland.

7.AllofherfriendsknowofDanielle’sstrongdesiretotravel.

8.Thebroad,tree-linedstreetwentthroughthecenterofthecity.

9.Nickorderedcheese,lettuce,andtomatoesonathinbreadmadeofcornmealforlunch.

10.Aftertheearthquake,rescuerssearchedthroughtherubbleofcollapsedbuildings.

AnswersD.cosmonautB.dinghyR.wanderlustL.boulevardA.verandaF.tortillaO.sentinelE.debris

I.flotillaC.maelstrom

34.3Freshwater

Thisbodyofwateristhelargestbodyoffreshwaterintheworld.Whatisit?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.A________isathinbreadmadefromcornmeal.E.flotillaU.verandaI.tortilla

2.Anothernamefora________isasentry.A.sentinelO.maelstromE.dinghy

3.________caninspirepeopletotravelaroundtheworld.A.VerandaU.WanderlustI.Debris

4.Weclimbedintothe________togototheshore.I.flotillaE.maelstromO.dinghy

5.The________orbitedtheEarthintheRussianspacecraft.U.sentinelA.wanderlustE.cosmonaut

6.The________carriedcolonistsacrosstheAtlanticOcean.S.flotillaM.cosmonautA.tortilla

7.Thepowerfulwindsofthestormleft________throughoutouryard.R.maelstromP.debris

O.flotilla

8.The________ofthehouseoverlookedthefrontyard.K.verandaS.boulevardL.dinghy

9.Thefightbetweentheboysbecamea________thatpulledothersintotheconflict.C.sentinelL.maelstromT.wanderlust

10.The________waslinedwithtreesandstatelyhomes.R.boulevardN.flotillaA.veranda

WordsfromOtherLanguages,II

Overthecenturies,Englishhasaddedwordsfrommanyotherlanguages.

1.fiesta(n):afestivalorreligiousholiday(fromSpanish)Raulandhisfamilyhadawonderfultimeatthefiesta.

2.strudel(n):apastrymadewithfruit,cheese,ornuts,rolledinathindough,andbaked(fromGerman)ApplestrudelisMichael’sfavoritedessert.

3.bungalow(n):asmallcottage(fromHindi)Duringourvacationwestayedinabungalowattheshore.

4.hibachi(n):aportablecharcoal-burningmetalcontainerwithagrill(fromJapanese)Dadgrilledhamburgersandhotdogsonahibachi.

5.gondola(n):along,flat-bottomedboat;anenclosedcarsuspendedfromacable(fromItalian)WetraveledinagondolaonthecanalsthroughthecityofVenice.

6.coyote(n):awolflikeanimalmostoftenfoundinwesternNorthAmerica(fromSpanish)Acoyoteisanintelligent,resourcefulanimal.

7.typhoon(n):ahurricaneoccurringinthewesternPacificOcean(fromChinese)ThetyphoonthreatenedJapan.

8.attitude(n):amannerofcarryingoneself;astateofmindorfeeling;disposition(fromItalian)Jeremyhasapositiveattitudeaboutlife.

9.trophy(n):somethingthatsymbolizesvictoryorsuccess(fromFrench)Eachmemberofthechampionshipwrestlingteamreceivedatrophy.

10.brochure(n):asmallpamphletorbooklet(fromFrench)Thetravelbrochureincludedalistoftheisland’smostpopulartouristattractions.

VocabularyTip

IthasbeenestimatedthataboutoneinsixpeoplearoundtheworldspeaksEnglish.

35.1FootSize

Thisinstrumentisusedinshoestorestomeasurethesizeofaperson’sfoot.Whatisitcalled?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.asmallpamphletorbooklet________

2.aportablecharcoal-burningmetalcontainerwithagrill________

3.somethingthatsymbolizesvictoryorsuccess________

4.afestivalorreligiousholiday________

5.apastrymadewithfruits,cheese,ornuts,rolledinathindough,andbaked________

6.along,flat-bottomedboat;anenclosedcarsuspendedfromacable________

7.awolflikeanimalmostoftenfoundinwesternNorthAmerica________

8.ahurricaneoccurringinthewesternPacificOcean________

9.asmallcottage________

10.amannerofcarryingoneself;astateofmindorfeeling;disposition________

AnswersI.strudelB.coyoteD.attitudeE.hibachiC.gondolaN.bungalowA.brochureK.trophyR.fiestaV.typhoon

35.2AFictionalDetective

Inhisstory,“TheMurdersintheRueMorgue,”EdgarAllanPoecreatedthecharacterwhoisconsideredtobethefirstfictionaldetective.Whatisthenameofthischaracter?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Serenacookedsteaksonthe________onthepatio.M.gondolaC.trophyS.hibachi

2.The________struckChinawithpowerfulwindsandheavyrains.K.bungalowP.typhoonR.brochure

3.Weheardthehowlofa________lastnight.S.fiestaN.coyoteR.gondola

4.Allthetownspeoplelookedforwardtothesummer________.D.trophyA.fiestaT.hibachi

5.Jennareadthe________thatdescribedthenewhealthclub.T.brochureE.trophyA.strudel

6.Mirahasaneasy-going________andisneverupsetbyminorproblems.I.attitudeE.gondolaO.typhoon

7.Calliereceiveda________forbeingtheleague’sbattingchampion.M.brochureT.coyote

D.trophy

8.Werodethe________tothetopoftheskislope.S.attitudeE.gondolaT.trophy

9.InKurt’sopinion,hisgrandmotherbakesthebest________intheworld.E.hibachiI.fiestaU.strudel

10.The________wasbuiltonthebeach.R.gondolaL.brochureG.bungalow

35.3Motion

Thestudyofmotionhasaspecialname.Whatisthetechnicaltermforthestudyofmotion?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisused

correctly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.

1.Atyphoonisastormthatismorepowerfulthanahurricane.L.correctM.incorrect

2.Abrochureisapamphletorbookletthatprovidesinformation.I.correctE.incorrect

3.Acoyotehaslittleresemblancetowolvesordogs.A.correctI.incorrect

4.Williamsatonthegondolaofthehouseanddrankacupoftea.S.correctE.incorrect

5.Martinapproachesproblemswithaconfidentattitude.S.correctN.incorrect

6.Eachyearatrophyisawardedtothebestbowlerintheleague.T.correctW.incorrect

7.Thebungalowwasasmallbutcomfortablehome.K.correctM.incorrect

8.Thehibachihadalargebuilt-inoven.U.correctA.incorrect

9.AuntJanmakesherstrudelwithfruitsandcheese.C.correctO.incorrect

10.Afiestareferstoadinneratafinerestaurant.R.correctN.incorrect

WordsBasedonNames

Manywordsarebasedonthenamesofpeopleandplaces.Somewordsarebasedonmythology,especiallythatoftheancientGreeksandRomans.

1.tawdry(adj):gaudy,showy,orcheapinnatureorappearanceTawdryarosefromSt.Audrey’slace,atypeofneckpiece.

2.decibel(n):aunitthatmeasurestheintensityofsoundDecibelcomesfromAlexanderGrahamBell,inventorofthetelephone.

3.maverick(n):anindependent-mindedperson;anunbrandedsteerorhorse;asteerorhorsethathasescapedfromtheherdTexanSamuelMaverick,whodidnotbrandhiscattle,isrememberedasamaverick.

4.academy(n):aschool,usuallyprivate;anassociationofscholarsAcademycomesfromAcademia,agardenwheretheGreekscholarPlatotaught.

5.limousine(n):alarge,luxuriousautomobile,usuallydrivenbyachauffeurLimousineisnamedaftertheFrenchregionofLimousin.

6.hygiene(n):thescienceofhealthHygieneisderivedfromHygeia,theGreekgoddessofhealth.

7.boycott(n):theactofrefusingtouse,buy,ordealwithtoexpressprotest;(v):toprotestbyrefusingtouse,buy,ordealwithCaptainCharlesC.Boycott,aBritisharmyoffice,wasthefirstvictimofaboycott.

8.odyssey(n):alongwanderingjourneyAftertheTrojanWar,Odysseus,KingofIthaca,sufferedaten-yearodysseybeforereturninghome.

9.mesmerize(v):toenthrall;tohypnotizeMesmerizecomesfromFranzAntonMesmer,aGermanphysician,whowasalsoahypnotist.

10.silhouette(n):adrawingoutliningsomethingthatisfilledinwithadarkcolorEtiennedeSilhouette,aFrenchmanwhoseportraitswereconsideredtobeamateurish,gave

usthewordsilhouette.

VocabularyTip

Awordthatisbasedonthenameofapersoniscalledaneponym.Awordthatisbasedonthenameofaplaceiscalledatoponym.

36.1TheTopThreeElements

Hydrogenisthemostcommonelementinouruniverse.Whatarethenexttwomostcommonelements?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.theactofrefusingtouse,buy,ordealwithtoexpressprotest________

2.adrawingoutliningsomethingthatisfilledinwithadarkcolor________

3.gaudy,showy,orcheapinnatureorappearance________

4.thescienceofhealth________

5.along,wanderingjourney________

6.toenthrall;tohypnotize________

7.aunitthatmeasurestheintensityofsound________

8.aschool,usuallyprivate;anassociationofscholars________

9.alarge,luxuriousautomobile,usuallydrivenbyachauffeur________

10.anindependent-mindedperson;anunbrandedsteerorhorse;asteerorhorsethathasescapedtheherd________

AnswersE.hygieneG.mesmerizeO.tawdryM.boycottL.odysseyY.limousineI.silhouetteH.academyU.maverick

X.decibel

36.2UsedtheWorldOver

In1849,WalterHuntpatentedthisinvention.Whatwasit?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Duringhis________theherotraveledtomanylandsandhadmanyadventures.

2.Theranchhandsrodeouttofindthe________thathadstrayedfromtheherd.

3.Theskillfulspeakercould________peoplewiththepowerofhisvoice.

4.The________wasthefaceofanoldman.

5.Practicinggood________canhelpkeepyouhealthy.

6.Consumeradvocatescalledfora________ofthestorebecauseofitsdeceptiveadvertising.

7.Halliehasbeenacceptedintoan________offinearts.

8.Mysisterandherboyfriendweredriventothepromina________.

9.Kimdidnotlikethecheap,________necklace.

10.The________isaunitofmeasurementoftheloudnessofsound.

AnswersF.hygieneT.limousineI.mesmerizeP.tawdryA.odysseyS.academyH.decibelY.boycottE.silhouetteN.maverick

36.3TheTallandtheShort

Atsixfeetfourinchestall,AbrahamLincolnwasthetallestAmericanpresident.Atfivefeetfourinchestall,thispresidentwastheshortest.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisusedcorrectly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Theacademyoffersadvancedcoursesinmathematicsandscience.O.correctE.incorrect

2.Hygieneisthestudyofdifferentkindsofexercises.M.correctS.incorrect

3.Theballerina’sgracefulmovementscouldmesmerizeheraudience.M.correctE.incorrect

4.Boycottmeanstodiscussyourideas.D.correctM.incorrect

5.Ourodysseytothemalltooktenminutes.K.correctI.incorrect

6.Thetawdryjewelswereexpensive.R.correctE.incorrect

7.Themoviestararrivedatthepressconferenceinabiglimousine.S.correctU.incorrect

8.Adecibelcanbeusedtomeasurethespeedofsound.A.correctJ.incorrect

9.Tessisamaverickwholikesdoingthingsherownway.

A.correctN.incorrect

10.Tinadrewasilhouetteofayoungwoman.D.correctC.incorrect

WordsforReadersandWriters

Readersandwritersshareaspecialvocabulary.

1.fictitious(adj):imaginary;fictionalManyfictitiouscharactersaremodeledafterrealpeople.

2.protagonist(n):theleadingcharacterinastoryInmanystories,theprotagonistisaheroorheroine.

3.literature(n):abodyofwritingsinproseandverseLiz’smotherteachesAmericanliteratureatacollege.

4.literate(adj):abletoreadandwrite;educatedTheUnitedStateshasaliteratepopulation.

5.satire(n):astoryinwhichtheauthorexposeshumanweaknessthroughirony,humor,orridiculeGulliver’sTravelsbyJonathanSwiftisasatireonhumannature.

6.climax(n):thepointofthegreatestintensityinastorythatleadstothesolutionoftheplotJaredthoughtthattheclimaxofthestorywasexciting.

7.manuscript(n):atypewrittenorhandwrittenversionofabook,story,article,orotherworkTheauthorsubmittedhismanuscripttohiseditor.

8.memoir(n):anaccountofthepersonalexperiencesofanauthorInhermemoir,theauthorwroteofherstruggletobecomeawriter.

9.denouement(n):thesolutionoftheplotofanovelorplayRileywasdisappointedbythesimpledenouementofthecomplexnovel.

10.symbolism(n):thegivingofacharacter,object,place,oreventaddedmeaningSymbolismisamajorelementofmanystories.

VocabularyTip

Adictionaryisanimportantresourceforbothreadersandwriters.

37.1UncommonPresidents

OnlyfourU.S.presidentsneverheldanyotherelectiveoffice.ThreeofthemwereWilliamH.Taft,HerbertHoover,andDwightD.Eisenhower.Whowasthefourth?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.

1.anaccountofthepersonalexperiencesofanauthor________

2.astoryinwhichtheauthorexplainshumanweaknessthroughirony,humor,orridicule________

3.atypewrittenorhandwrittenversionofabook,story,article,orotherwork________

4.thegivingofacharacter,object,place,oreventaddedmeaning________

5.imaginary;fictional________

6.abletoreadandwrite________

7.thepointofthegreatestintensityinastorythatleadstothesolutionoftheplot________

8.thesolutionoftheplotofanovelorplay________

9.abodyofwritingsinproseandverse________

10.theleadingcharacterinastory________

AnswersY.symbolismS.literatureG.literateA.memoirL.fictitiousU.denouementE.satireR.protagonistT.manuscriptN.climax

37.2DriestandLowest

ThisplaceisthedriestspotintheUnitedStatesandthelowestpointintheWesternHemisphere.Whatisit?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Thestorywassetina________town.M.literatureT.fictitiousO.satire

2.Theauthor’s________beganwithhisgrowinguponafarm.N.denouementO.literatureE.memoir

3.Thestorywasabrilliant________thatpokedfunatpeople’sfoolishness.E.satireU.protagonistA.memoir

4.Beforetypewriters,every________washandwritten.A.manuscriptT.symbolismN.denouement

5.Lisafeltthatthe________ofthestorywasaverybelievablecharacter.M.literatureL.protagonistW.satire

6.Ademocracyfunctionsbestwhenitspeopleare________.V.literateR.satireN.fictitious

7.The________ofthestorywasverysatisfyingforEmily.T.literature

R.manuscriptH.denouement

8.Thesuspensestorybuilttoanexciting________withanunexpectedtwist.H.memoirD.climaxM.protagonist

9.Theauthorused________throughoutthestorytogiveobjectsaddedmeaning.E.satireS.denouementL.symbolism

10.Muchcanbelearnedaboutacivilizationthroughits________.Y.literatureN.memoirS.denouement

37.3ALotofMackerel

Afemalemackerellaysalotofeggs.Abouthowmanyeggscanthisfishlayatonetime?Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisused

correctly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.Satireisanimportantpartofthesettingofeverystory.U.correctI.incorrect

2.ThememoirwasashortstoryaboutlifeonMars.O.correctL.incorrect

3.Anauthorcangiveaneventinastoryaddedmeaningthroughsymbolism.F.correctH.incorrect

4.Theclimaxwasaninterestingbeginningtothestory.D.correctN.incorrect

5.Theauthorusedsometraitsofrealpeopletocreatefictitiouscharacters.A.correctO.incorrect

6.Aliteratepersoncanreadandwrite.M.correctH.incorrect

7.Thepagesoftheoldmanuscriptwerebrownandtattered.O.correctN.incorrect

8.Thedenouementofastoryalwayscomesbeforetheclimax.E.correctA.incorrect

9.Theminorcharacterwastheprotagonistofthestory.U.correct

L.incorrect

10.Literaturecanbefoundatalibrary.I.correctA.incorrect

MathWords

Likemostsubjects,mathematicshasaspecialvocabulary.

1.approximate(adj):almostexact;close;nearTheapproximatevalueofpiis3.14.

2.simplify(v):tomakelesscomplexNelsonhadtosimplifyfractionsforhomework.

3.constant(n):aquantitywithafixedvalueThespeedoflight,299,792,458meterspersecond(about186,282milespersecond),isaconstant.

4.calculate(v):tocompute;tofigureFormathhomeworkwehadtocalculatethecircumferenceofacircle.

5.probability(n):anumberexpressingthelikelihoodofaneventoccurring;chance;possibility

Theprobabilityoftossingacoinanditslandingonheadsis .

6.formula(n):asetofsymbolsthatexpressesamathematicalstatementKariusedaformulatofindtheareaofatriangle.

7.percent(n):apartoutofahundredThirtypercentofthestudentsinourschoolparticipateinsports.

8.midpoint(n):thepointofalinesegmentthatdividesthesegmentintotwoequalpartsLindsaydrewalinethroughthemidpointofthesegment.

9.numeral(n):asymbolusedtorepresentanumbernumber2isanumeral.

10.proportion(n):arelationofequalitybetweentworatios.

Theequation isaproportion.

VocabularyTip

Masteringmathvocabularyisfundamentaltomasteringtheconceptsandskillsofmath.

38.1ANumbersMan

CarlFriedrichGauss(1777–1855)wasaGermanwhoisknownbyaspecialname.WhatisGaussknownas?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.arelationofequalitybetweentworatios________H.proportionE.percentS.probability

2.apartoutofahundred________A.constantU.proportionI.percent

3.asymbolusedtorepresentanumber________I.formulaO.percentE.numeral

4.almostexact;close;near________H.proportionR.approximateU.constant

5.anumberexpressingthelikelihoodofaneventoccurring________O.approximateC.probabilityR.proportion

6.asetofsymbolsthatexpressesamathematicalstatement________O.formulaU.numeralM.constant

7.tomakelesscomplex________A.simplify

I.calculateS.percent

8.thepointofalinesegmentthatdividesthesegmentintotwoequalparts________M.proportionP.midpointR.constant

9.tocompute;tofigure________C.formulaV.approximateM.calculate

10.aquantitywithafixedvalue________N.percentT.constantW.probability

38.2Hamburger

Mostfoodhistoriansbelievethatthehamburgerwasinventedin1900bythisman.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Replacetheunderlinedwordorphrasewiththewordthathasasimilarmeaning.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.Jonahisabletocomputealargesumofnumbersinhishead.S.percentN.calculateE.formula

2.Marianatriedtomakelesscomplex .A.simplifyE.approximateU.calculate

3.42outofa100ofthestudentsboughthamburgersforlunchyesterday.A.proportionH.constantO.percent

4.Intheequation ,tisaquantitywithafixedvalue.U.proportionN.percentE.constant

5.VistheRomansymbolusedtorepresentthenumberthatequals5.S.numeralK.constantR.formula

6. isanexampleofarelationofequalitybetweentworatios.N.probabilityT.percentS.proportion

7.Everylinesegmenthasapointthatdividesthesegmentintotwoequalparts.

E.formulaU.midpointW.constant

8.Thechanceofrollinga13withtwostandarddiceis0.J.percentL.probabilityC.proportion

9. isthesetofsymbolsthatcanbeusedtofindtheperimeterofasquare.L.formulaT.percentN.midpoint

10.Thealmostexactlengthoftheroomis20feet.E.midpointA.constantI.approximate

38.3RollerCoaster

MosthistoriansagreethatthefirstrollercoasterintheUnitedStatesopenedinNewYorkCityin1884.Exactlywhereinthecitywasthisrollercoasterbuilt?

Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthesentences.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.

1.The__________forfindingtheareaofarectangleisA=l×w.

2.A__________showsthattworatiosareequal.

3.Sixoutofonehundredis6__________.

4.Anumberwhosevaluedoesnotchangeisa__________.

5.Afteraddingtwofractions,youshould__________youranswer.

6.The__________dividedthesegmentintotwosmallersegmentsof5incheseach.

7.Asynonymfornumberis__________.

8.The__________ofrandomlypickingthenumber21outofajarwith100differentnumbersissmall.

9.The__________weightofourdogis85pounds.

10.Sarausedapencilandpaperto__________theanswertothemultiplicationproblem.

AnswersI.constantC.probabilityL.calculateO.percentS.formulaA.numeralE.proportionY.midpointN.approximate

D.simplify

SocialStudiesWords

Socialstudiesisacourseofstudythatfocusesontherelationshipsbetweenpeopleandcountries.

1.aristocracy(n):ahereditaryprivilegedrulingclassDuringthecountry’scivilwar,thearistocracywasoverthrown.

2.despot(n):arulerwithabsolutepowerThedespotusedhispowertooppresshispeople.

3.alliance(n):aformalpactofunion;agreement;accordSeveralcountriesformedanallianceformutualdefense.

4.diplomat(n):apersonskilledinconductinginternationalrelationsAsuccessfuldiplomathasgreatskillsfordealingwithpeople.

5.import(n):aproductbroughtintoacountryfortradeorsale;(v):tobringaproductintoacountryfortradeorsaleOilisamajorimportoftheUnitedStates.CountriesaroundtheworldimportproductsfromtheUnitedStates.

6.legislation(n):theactorproceduresofenactinglaws;lawmakingTheprimaryresponsibilityoftheU.S.Congressislegislation.

7.circumnavigate(v):tosailcompletelyaroundFerdinandMagellanandhiscrewsetouttocircumnavigatetheworld.

8.currency(n):anyformofmoneyinactualuse;moneyThecurrencyoftheUnitedStatesisbasedonthedollar.

9.capitalism(n):aneconomicsysteminwhichbusinessesareprivatelyownedandoperatedforprofitCapitalismistheeconomicsystemoftheUnitedStates.

10.export(n):aproductsenttoanothercountryfortradeorsale;(v):tosendaproducttoanothercountryfortradeorsaleOilisanimportantexportofcountriesintheMiddleEast.ManycountriesexportcarstotheUnitedStates.

VocabularyTip

Socialstudiesoftenincludesgeography,history,andgovernment.

39.1YourMuscles

Themainjobofyourmusclesistomakebodymovementspossible.Whatisthestudyofmusclesandtheirrelationtohumanmovementcalled?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsaftereachdefinition.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Oneletterisprovided.

1.tosailcompletelyaround________U.allianceE.exportI.circumnavigate

2.apersonskilledinconductinginternationalrelations________I.diplomatA.aristocracyO.despot

3.aneconomicsysteminwhichbusinessesareprivatelyownedandoperatedforprofit________A.currencyI.aristocracyE.capitalism

4.aproductbroughtintoacountryfortradeorsale________S.capitalismY.importN.export

5.arulerwithabsolutepower________I.aristocracyO.despotU.diplomat

6.aproductsenttoanothercountryfortradeorsale________W.currencyN.exportR.import

7.aformalpactofunion;agreement;accord________E.aristocracy

A.capitalismO.alliance

8.theactorproceduresofenactinglaws;lawmaking________K.legislationT.allianceM.aristocracy

9.ahereditaryprivilegedrulingclass________M.allianceG.aristocracyW.despot

10.anyformofmoneyinactualuse;money________L.currencyS.legislationU.capitalism

39.2ALegendaryBasketballPlayer

ThismanwasthefirstplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociationtoscore38,000points.Whowashe?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachwordontheleftwiththekeywordsofitsdefinitionontheright.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.

39.3APresidentialResignation

ThismanwastheonlyU.S.presidenttoresignfromoffice.Whowashe?Toanswerthequestion,completeeachsentencewiththecorrectword.Chooseyour

answersfromthewordsaftereachsentence.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.__________isaneconomicsystemcharacterizedbyprivateownership.S.LegislationR.CapitalismU.Aristocracy

2.Forsomeoneto__________theworld,heorshemustsailarounditcompletely.E.despotU.diplomatO.circumnavigate

3.Countriesthat__________productssendthoseproductstoothercountries.S.circumnavigateN.exportT.import

4.Countriesthat__________productsallowothercountriestosendproductstothem.A.allianceH.exportI.import

5.Membersofthe__________enjoyedmanyprivilegesduringtheMiddleAges.H.aristocracyM.allianceE.capitalism

6.Lawmakersworkedlongintothenighttryingtopassthe__________.E.allianceI.legislationO.currency

7.TheU.S.__________metwithleadersofFrance.T.legislationD.diplomat

N.aristocracy

8.__________istheformofmoneyacountryuses.S.AllianceM.LegislationX.Currency

9.A__________isarulerwhowieldscompletepower.R.despotT.diplomatJ.capitalism

10.Variouscitizens’groupsformedan__________todiscouragedrunkdriving.C.allianceO.aristocracyM.import

ScienceWords

Scienceisknowledgeacquiredfromobservation,experimentation,andanalysis,andthenorganizedinasystem.

1.germinate(v):tobeginorcausetogrowManyplantsgerminateinthespring.

2.antibiotic(n):asubstancethatdestroysorslowsthegrowthofbacteriaPenicillinisanantibiotic.

3.extinct(adj):nolongerexistingorliving;inactiveDinosaurshavebeenextinctforabout65millionyears.

4.biology(n):thescienceoflivingthingsandlifeprocessesLyle’sbrotherisstudyingbiologyinhighschool.

5.decomposition(n):theprocessofthedecayofdeadplantsandanimalsDecompositionreturnsvitalnutrientstotheenvironment.

6.organism(n):alivingplantoranimalAfrogisanorganism,andsoisatree.

7.terrestrial(adj):oforpertainingtotheEarthoritsinhabitants;livingorgrowingonlandJasonwascertainthatthecreaturehesawwasnotterrestrial.

8.ecosystem(n):acommunityofplantsandanimalsandtheirenvironmentApondisanexampleofanecosystem.

9.photosynthesis(n):theprocessbywhichgreenplantsusesunlighttoconvertwaterandcarbondioxideintofoodPhotosynthesisisnotpossiblewithoutlight.

10.energy(n):powerorvigorinaction;thecapacityforvigorousactionScientistsdefineenergyastheabilitytodowork.

VocabularyTip

ThewordsciencecomesfromtheLatinwordscire,whichmeans“toknow.”

40.1MoonRocks

DuringtheApolloexpeditionstothemoon,U.S.astronautscollectedandbroughtmoonrocksbacktoEarthforstudy.Abouthowmuchrockdidtheybringback?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachdefinitionwithitsword.Chooseyouranswersfromthewordsafterthedefinitions.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceaboveitsdefinitionnumberatthebottomofthepage.Youwillneedtodividethelettersintowords.Somelettersareprovided.

1.oforpertainingtotheEarthoritsinhabitants________

2.tobeginorcausetogrow________

3.theprocessofdecayofdeadplantsandanimals________

4.powerorvigorinaction;thecapacityforvigorousaction________

5.asubstancethatdestroysorslowsthegrowthofbacteria________

6.alivingplantoranimal________

7.nolongerexistingorliving;inactive________

8.theprocessbywhichgreenplantsusesunlighttoconvertwaterandcarbondioxideintofood________

9.acommunitythatincludesplantsandanimalsandtheirenvironment________

10.thescienceoflivingthingsandlifeprocesses________

AnswersU.energyE.terrestrialN.photosynthesisO.germinateT.ecosystemG.biologyP.organismH.decompositionD.extinct

I.antibiotic

40.2MountRushmore

MountRushmoreisamemorialknownforitscarvedportraitsofGeorgeWashington,ThomasJefferson,AbrahamLincoln,andTheodoreRoosevelt.ItislocatedinSouthDakotaandwascompletedin1941.Whowasthesculptorthatdirectedthework?

Toanswerthequestion,matcheachwordontheleftwiththekeywordsofitsdefinitionontheright.Writetheletterofeachanswerinthespaceabovetheword’snumberatthebottomofthepage.

40.3Twinkies

PeoplearoundtheworldenjoyHostessTwinkies,whichwereinventedin1930.Whoinventedthem?

Toanswerthequestion,readeachsentencebelow.Iftheunderlinedwordisusedcorrectly,writetheletterforcorrectinthespaceaboveitssentencenumberatthebottomofthepage.Iftheunderlinedwordisnotusedcorrectly,writetheletterforincorrect.

1.Anorganismisanylivingornonlivingthingintheenvironment.U.correctE.incorrect

2.Plantsmakefoodthroughtheprocessofphotosynthesis.E.correctI.incorrect

3.Weusevariousformsofenergytoprovidethepowerforourmachines.R.correctN.incorrect

4.Anextinctvolcanohasbeeninactiveforalongtime.A.correctO.incorrect

5.Whenaplantdies,itisabouttogerminate.U.correctA.incorrect

6.Decompositiondescribestheprocessofhowplantsbegintogrow.S.correctD.incorrect

7.Humanbeingsareexamplesofterrestrialcreatures.S.correctR.incorrect

8.Theplants,animals,andsoilofaforestarepartsofanecosystem.J.correctP.incorrect

9.Doctorsshouldneverprescribeanantibioticforanillnesscausedbybacteria.M.correct

W.incorrect

10.Biologyisthestudyoflivingandnonlivingthings.T.correctM.incorrect

WordList

Followingarethevocabularywordsandthelessoninwhichtheyappear:

abolish,L.4abrupt,L.12absence,L.19abstain,L.26absurd,L.2academy,L.36accelerate,L.27access,L.11accommodate,L.24acquaintance,L.23adequate,L.1adversary,L.20adverse,L.10advocate,L.13aerial,L.15aftereffect,L.16agenda,L.23allegiance,L.4alliance,L.39allusion,L.9almamater,L.33altitude,L.13amateur,L.22ambitious,L.18amiable,L.30amnesty,L.19ample,L.31amplify,L.24anecdote,L.11annoyance,L.18anonymous,L.15anthropologist,L.22

antibiotic,L.40antidote,L.11apparent,L.3apparition,L.22appease,L.26applicant,L.22appraise,L.10apprise,L.10approximate,L.38aristocracy,L.39arrogant,L.28artifact,L.22ascent,L.8assent,L.8assert,L.26asteroid,L.14astronomy,L.14attendance,L.8attendants,L.8attitude,L.35available,L.30averse,L.10aviary,L.21bad-tempered,L.33banquet,L.20bazaar,L.7belittle,L.17belligerent,L.28besiege,L.17bestow,L.25biology,L.40bizarre,L.7blockade,L.19bluff,L.5boisterous,L.31borough,L.7boulevard,L.34bountiful,L.2

boycott,L.36braggart,L.23brochure,L.35brokenhearted,L.33bungalow,L.35burro,L.7burrow,L.7calamitous,L.30calculate,L.38capacious,L.30capital,L.8capitalism,L.39capitol,L.8Capitol,L.8capitulate,L.24casual,L.3catastrophe,L.20celestial,L.31chauffeur,L.22chronicle,L.14chronological,L.14circumnavigate,L.39cite,L.8clarity,L.21click,L.10climax,L.37clique,L.10collaborate,L.25comply,L.25confidant,L.10confident,L.10conscience,L.9conscious,L.9conserve,L.24console,L.6constant,L.38contagious,L.9contemplate,L.24

contiguous,L.9continual,L.9continuous,L.9contribute,L.12controversial,L.29controversy,L.23conventional,L.28cosmonaut,L.34council,L.7counsel,L.7coyote,L.35cringe,L.2culminate,L.27currency,L.39curtail,L.4customary,L.4custom-made,L.33cymbal,L.8cynical,L.31debris,L.34decibel,L.36decomposition,L.40deference,L.10democracy,L.15demography,L.15denouement,L.37designate,L.27despondent,L.30despot,L.39determine,L.24dexterous,L.31difference,L.10diminish,L.25dinghy,L.34diplomat,L.39disburse,L.11discomfit,L.11discomfort,L.11

discreet,L.8discrete,L.8disinterested,L.10disperse,L.11distort,L.25doctrine,L.12document,L.12downpour,L.32drawbridge,L.32dynasty,L.20ecosystem,L.40eerie,L.28efficient,L.3elicit,L.11eligible,L.11elusive,L.11emerge,L.10eminent,L.10empathy,L.15emphasize,L.2encompass,L.24energy,L.40engulf,L.27enigma,L.23entrepreneur,L.22epidemic,L.15eradicate,L.25erasable,L.10erupt,L.12evidence,L.23excess,L.11exclusive,L.28exorbitant,L.28expand,L.9expend,L.9expertise,L.20export,L.39extinct,L.40

extravagant,L.3facade,L.22facetious,L.3fallible,L.30far-fetched,L.32fiasco,L.20fickle,L.1fictitious,L.37fiesta,L.35flamboyant,L.1flotilla,L.34flounder,L.5fluent,L.31foreword,L.7formidable,L.3formula,L.38forward,L.7fraudulent,L.19frostbite,L.32generate,L.14genial,L.31germinate,L.40gondola,L.35gorilla,L.8guerilla,L.8gullible,L.3hamper,L.6hibachi,L.35hospitable,L.13hospital,L.13hover,L.27humility,L.1husky,L.6hygiene,L.36illegible,L.11illicit,L.11illiterate,L.17illogical,L.17

illusion,L.9illusive,L.11immerge,L.10imminent,L.10impassable,L.16imply,L.11import,L.39improper,L.16inaudible,L.16incense,L.5incite,L.7inconspicuous,L.2inconvenient,L.30incredible,L.10incredulous,L.10indecision,L.16indigent,L.11indignant,L.11indisputable,L.28infer,L.11infirmary,L.18infuriate,L.27ingenious,L.9ingenuous,L.9ingredient,L.21inhabitant,L.22insight,L.7insignia,L.13inspect,L.13instance,L.8instants,L.8intensive,L.29interact,L.16international,L.16interpreter,L.21interstellar,L.16invalid,L.6invaluable,L.29

invincible,L.2irascible,L.10irregular,L.17irresistible,L.17irresponsible,L.17judicious,L.28kindred,L.22laboratory,L.18landlord,L.33launch,L.6leased,L.7least,L.7legacy,L.21legislation,L.39lichen,L.8lightheaded,L.32liken,L.8limousine,L.36literate,L.37literature,L.37loathe,L.1lobbyist,L.21logical,L.3lubricate,L.27lumber,L.6maelstrom,L.34makeshift,L.32malfunction,L.17manuscript,L.37maroon,L.6maverick,L.36mechanic,L.14mechanism,L.14memoir,L.37memorandum,L.20mesmerize,L.36midpoint,L.38mutual,L.30

necessity,L.19negotiate,L.25nervous,L.18notable,L.3notorious,L.31novice,L.2numeral,L.38nutritious,L.18object,L.5obliterate,L.26odyssey,L.36old-fashioned,L.33opponent,L.1organism,L.40orthodontist,L.15orthodox,L.15outcome,L.32outlandish,L.3overbearing,L.16overdue,L.16paternal,L.12patience,L.8patients,L.8patriarch,L.12percent,L.38perception,L.20perjury,L.23perpetrate,L.9perpetuate,L.9persevere,L.27personal,L.9personnel,L.9philosopher,L.14photosynthesis,L.40plague,L.21plait,L.7plate,L.7plausible,L.31

plumage,L.21poach,L.5posterity,L.21potential,L.28precede,L.9precise,L.4predominant,L.29premonition,L.23prescribe,L.24prevail,L.24prior,L.2probability,L.38proceed,L.9profit,L.7progeny,L.14prophet,L.7proportion,L.38proprietor,L.20protagonist,L.37prudent,L.29pseudonym,L.15pulverize,L.27racket,L.6random,L.31ratify,L.24ravenous,L.29recede,L.17recommend,L.25reel,L.6refrain,L.5refurbish,L.17refuse,L.26refute,L.26reinforce,L.25relevant,L.4reluctant,L.4renowned,L.30replenish,L.25

reputable,L.4resistance,L.18respect,L.13respectably,L.11respectfully,L.11respectively,L.11rifle,L.5rushhour,L.32sagacious,L.4sage,L.21satire,L.37saunter,L.27seaport,L.33sensible,L.2sentinel,L.34serene,L.1shingles,L.5showdown,L.33sight,L.8significant,L.13silhouette,L.36simplify,L.38site,L.8sluggish,L.29sophisticated,L.14spectacle,L.13stalemate,L.23staple,L.5stationary,L.7stationery,L.7stern,L.6stoop,L.5straight,L.7strait,L.7strenuous,L.28strudel,L.35substantial,L.4suppress,L.26

symbol,L.8symbolism,L.37sympathy,L.15tawdry,L.36tedious,L.29tenet,L.23terrestrial,L.40terrify,L.19torrid,L.1tortilla,L.34treason,L.20tributary,L.12trivial,L.29trophy,L.35turbulent,L.19turtleneck,L.33typhoon,L.35ultimate,L.30unify,L.26uninterested,L.10unity,L.19urban,L.18vanquish,L.26variety,L.12various,L.12veracious,L.9veranda,L.34verify,L.26versatile,L.1veteran,L.18vicious,L.1vigilant,L.2vilify,L.19violence,L.19vital,L.29vocal,L.13voracious,L.9wanderlust,L.34

waterfront,L.32well-to-do,L.33whirlwind,L.32wondrous,L.1

AnswerKey

Lesson1

1.11.T2.G3.O4.E5.H6.U7.Y8.M9.S10.IMightyMouse

1.21.P2.A3.S4.E5.E6.E7.A8.C9.H10.YChesapeakeBay

1.31.L2.O3.A4.D5.T6.N

7.S8.H9.M10.ETheHeadlessHorseman

Lesson2

2.11.R2.A3.A4.L5.G6.I7.S8.L9.N10.FNiagaraFalls

2.21.L2.R3.Y4.Y5.H6.A7.P8.S9.L10.USallyMurphy

2.31.U2.I3.O4.G

5.N6.F7.S8.D9.T10.ASt.Augustine,Florida

Lesson3

3.11.U2.E3.C4.S5.H6.M7.N8.B9.J10.AJamesBuchanan

3.21.U2.T3.W4.O5.H6.S7.C8.P9.A10.DAh,what’sup,Doc?

3.31.S2.A

3.L4.T5.I6.M7.C8.B9.N10.UUncleTom’sCabin

Lesson4

4.11.S2.E3.T4.E5.S6.A7.R8.T9.T10.RTessTrueheart

4.21.H2.A3.M4.T5.P6.W7.O8.E9.D10.Ftwofathomsdeep

4.3

1.O2.I3.M4.R5.C6.H7.B8.N9.A10.LAbrahamLincoln

Lesson5

5.11.S2.O3.A4.W5.R6.N7.G8.E9.T10.HTheGreatestShowonEarth

5.21.E2.A3.N4.I5.H6.R7.C8.D9.O10.S

icosahedron

5.31.P2.S3.G4.F5.W6.A7.U8.L9.O10.Ragroupofowls

Lesson6

6.11.O2.N3.R4.E5.A6.M7.L8.D9.P10.Ipalindrome

6.21.N2.Y3.P4.H5.R6.T7.O8.E

9.S10.Msphygmomanometer

6.31.Y2.P3.M4.C5.G6.H7.A8.O9.E10.RGraceMurrayHopper

Lesson7

7.11.R2.E3.C4.N5.O6.V7.A8.L9.I10.DLeonardoDaVinci

7.21.O2.O3.I4.D5.E6.E

7.H8.T9.T10.Ltheodolite

7.31.I2.R3.O4.A5.E6.N7.W8.T9.F10.Lfloatinwater

Lesson8

8.11.A2.O3.U4.R5.L6.P7.S8.M9.E10.TSamuelPrescott

8.21.O2.T3.E4.H

5.R6.A7.E8.B9.T10.Mbathometer

8.31.I2.E3.O4.S5.N6.D7.D8.R9.L10.SOldIronsides

Lesson9

9.11.R2.O3.C4.D5.N6.O7.D8.N9.S10.YSandraDayO’Connor

9.21.I2.T

3.Y4.E5.I6.E7.N8.N9.N10.Nninety-nine

9.31.N2.E3.E4.H5.I6.T7.T8.F9.T10.OTheFlintstones

Lesson10

10.11.A2.O3.S4.T5.T6.S7.A8.N9.H10.MThomasNast

10.2

1.T2.A3.E4.U5.O6.R7.G8.C9.S10.HOscartheGrouch

10.31.A2.O3.N4.C5.V6.D7.R8.L9.G10.EGroverCleveland

Lesson11

11.11.E2.A3.I4.M5.E6.F7.R8.F9.G10.A

malegiraffe

11.21.N2.T3.H4.L5.A6.U7.T8.S9.E10.UTheNautilus

11.31.I2.A3.I4.A5.T6.T7.W8.L9.F10.LWilliamTaft

Lesson12

12.11.O2.C3.R4.A5.P6.E7.T8.B

9.I10.Lellipticalorbit

12.21.A2.K3.N4.A5.T6.M7.H8.E9.U10.TTutankhamen

12.31.O2.A3.T4.S5.I6.O7.E8.N9.R10.Drotatesonitsside

Lesson13

13.11.G2.O3.N4.K5.D6.B

7.I8.M9.R10.Cmockingbird

13.21.A2.O3.L4.N5.E6.W7.H8.C9.R10.BCharlieBrown

13.31.R2.S3.M4.N5.I6.R7.B8.T9.L10.ETimBerners-Lee

Lesson14

14.11.N2.A3.E4.Z

5.D6.R7.H8.S9.O10.Uhorrendoushazardous

14.21.H2.M3.S4.T5.B6.N7.E8.W9.A10.Lanamewithonesyllable

14.31.A2.E3.N4.I5.M6.G7.F8.O9.D10.RRomangodoffire

Lesson15

15.11.L2.T

3.M4.N5.E6.E7.T8.E9.S10.Tsettlement

15.21.L2.H3.U4.S5.C6.F7.A8.D9.B10.OBashfulandDoc

15.31.E2.M3.O4.L5.L6.M7.N8.C9.A10.Mclonedmammal

Lesson16

16.1

1.R2.S3.I4.O5.G6.A7.T8.M9.H10.WMarthaWashington

16.21.N2.I3.T4.Y5.L6.M7.S8.B9.W10.Fswimbutnotfly

16.31.E2.I3.N4.B5.H6.O7.C8.L9.R10.Volivebranch

Lesson17

17.11.M2.R3.T4.Q5.A6.U7.O8.I9.L10.Eliquidatroomtemperature

17.21.L2.L3.D4.T5.O6.Y7.N8.T9.L10.BLyleandTalbot

17.31.A2.A3.A4.N5.L6.I7.H8.M9.W10.I

MaunaLoa,Hawaii

Lesson18

18.11.P2.Y3.R4.W5.C6.O7.T8.M9.E10.HTheNewportMercury

18.21.I2.N3.B4.E5.O6.R7.U8.B9.L10.Bblueribbon

18.31.K2.C3.L4.O5.E6.A7.S8.T

9.I10.BOswaldtheLuckyRabbit

Lesson19

19.11.I2.Y3.E4.R5.K6.G7.N8.F9.J10.OKenGriffey,JuniorandSenior

19.21.E2.E3.R4.V5.R6.R7.O8.H9.H10.BHerbertHoover

19.31.S2.D3.C4.R5.A6.P

7.E8.O9.L10.Gagoodspotorplace

Lesson20

20.11.N2.R3.M4.A5.S6.O7.J8.F9.C10.EJamesFenimoreCooper

20.21.E2.A3.Y4.H5.R6.H7.T8.E9.B10.Sbathysphere

20.31.L2.O3.S4.Y

5.R6.G7.E8.V9.B10.Nbearsliveyoung

Lesson21

21.11.A2.P3.T4.Y5.R6.I7.P8.B9.H10.BHappyRabbit

21.21.D2.L3.J4.N5.S6.C7.O8.G9.I10.ASailorJackandBingo

21.31.U2.H

3.J4.I5.R6.A7.Q8.E9.C10.NJacquelineCochran

Lesson22

22.11.D2.S3.A4.E5.Y6.R7.K8.I9.T10.Wsky-tintedwater

22.21.T2.M3.E4.E5.H6.S7.T8.R9.A10.PTheEmpireState(Building)

22.3

1.E2.E3.A4.A5.B6.H7.U8.L9.W10.Labluewhale

Lesson23

23.11.E2.T3.O4.Y5.F6.I7.S8.M9.P10.RProfessorMoriarty

23.21.K2.A3.L4.I5.S6.H7.C8.R9.T10.E

thicket-clearers

23.31.U2.A3.I4.A5.A6.N7.U8.R9.M10.Qanaquarium

Lesson24

24.11.C2.R3.T4.S5.A6.H7.E8.B9.K10.NtheSnickersBar

24.21.N2.S3.I4.H5.R6.P7.O8.D

9.C10.Yhydroponics

24.31.T2.H3.A4.R5.H6.I7.O8.A9.P10.APorthos,Athos,Aramis

Lesson25

25.11.G2.S3.E4.A5.I6.O7.B8.R9.L10.Nonebilliongrains

25.21.O2.R3.N4.O5.E6.F

7.C8.C9.N10.Tconfectioner

25.31.A2.H3.T4.P5.E6.N7.O8.R9.I10.SPrincessofEthiopia

Lesson26

26.11.E2.A3.R4.O5.S6.H7.F8.J9.T10.MThomasJefferson

26.21.I2.A3.O4.E

5.M6.N7.L8.A9.S10.MAmeliaSimmons

26.31.A2.N3.E4.X5.L6.J7.O8.P9.K10.MJamesKnoxPolk

Lesson27

27.11.A2.A3.D4.N5.O6.J7.L8.E9.G10.LJaneGoodall

27.21.I2.E

3.T4.E5.R6.R7.G8.R9.V10.Agreatriver

27.31:S2.O3.M4.Y5.R6.I7.C8.L9.H10.EShirleyChisholm

Lesson28

28.11.S2.H3.F4.U5.N6.D7.T8.O9.E10.RErnestRutherford

28.2

1.P2.A3.E4.S5.H6.L7.T8.D9.I10.NtheSpiceIsland

28.31.I2.O3.P4.T5.E6.C7.R8.L9.A10.NInternationalCoastalCleanup

Lesson29

29.11.K2.M3.U4.E5.R6.A7.T8.Y9.H10.O

tomakeroomforyourheart

29.21.E2.O3.T4.L5.I6.L7.S8.S9.G10.Ospeleologist

29.31.D2.S3.A4.E5.E6.C7.S8.U9.U10.Osuccedaneous(teeth)

Lesson30

30.11.R2.U3.A4.H5.S6.T7.D8.O

9.E10.Nonehundredthousand

30.21.P2.B3.I4.I5.E6.B7.H8.L9.I10.Lbibliophile

30.31.S2.A3.A4.U5.M6.Y7.C8.D9.I10.SDamascus,Syria

Lesson31

31.11.Y2.H3.U4.S5.T6.A

7.I8.O9.N10.Xsixtythousand

31.21.T2.A3.R4.P5.R6.O7.Y8.C9.M10.Gcryptogram

31.31.I2.I3.T4.L5.S6.A7.C8.B9.S10.Lballistics

Lesson32

32.11.B2.Y3.A4.W

5.L6.K7.I8.E9.D10.SDisneyspelledbackward

32.21.Y2.O3.E4.R5.H6.X7.J8.I9.D10.NJohnKennedy,RichardNixon

32.31.E2.V3.C4.O5.A6.U7.T8.F9.S10.Nclosetofivethousand

Lesson33

33.11.A2.N

3.E4.I5.T6.V7.M8.D9.S10.OSimon,Theodore,Dave

33.21.N2.F3.Y4.O5.A6.Q7.E8.I9.S10.TSeaofTranquility

33.31.U2.H3.I4.T5.C6.A7.E8.B9.N10.Rbrain,courage,heart

Lesson34

34.1

1.O2.R3.I4.L5.H6.D7.U8.S9.V10.Xsixhundredvolts

34.21.A2.O3.I4.D5.C6.B7.R8.L9.F10.EFredericBartholdi

34.31.I2.A3.U4.O5.E6.S7.P8.K9.L10.RLakeSuperior

Lesson35

35.11.A2.E3.K4.R5.I6.C7.B8.V9.N10.DBrannockDevice

35.21.S2.P3.N4.A5.T6.I7.D8.E9.U10.GAugusteC.Dupin

35.31.M2.I3.I4.E5.S6.T7.K8.A9.C10.N

kinematics

Lesson36

36.11.M2.I3.O4.E5.L6.G7.X8.H9.Y10.Uhelium,oxygen

36.21.A2.N3.I4.E5.F6.Y7.S8.T9.P10.Hthesafetypin

36.31.O2.S3.M4.M5.I6.E7.S8.J

9.A10.DJamesMadison

Lesson37

37.11.A2.E3.T4.Y5.L6.G7.N8.U9.S10.RUlyssesS.Grant

37.21.T2.E3.E4.A5.L6.V7.H8.D9.L10.YDeathValley

37.31.I2.L3.F4.N5.A6.M

7.O8.A9.L10.Iahalfmillion

Lesson38

38.11.H2.I3.E4.R5.C6.O7.A8.P9.M10.TPrinceofMathematics

38.21.N2.A3.O4.E5.S6.S7.U8.L9.L10.ILouisLassen

38.31.S2.E3.O4.I

5.D6.Y7.A8.C9.N10.LConeyIsland

Lesson39

39.11.I2.I3.E4.Y5.O6.N7.O8.K9.G10.Lkinesiology

39.21.U2.M3.R4.J5.A6.D7.L8.B9.K10.EKareemAbdul-Jabbar

39.31.R2.O

3.N4.I5.H6.I7.D8.X9.R10.CRichardNixon

Lesson40

40.11.E2.O3.H4.U5.I6.P7.D8.N9.T10.Geighthundredpounds

40.21.Z2.N3.M4.T5.L6.B7.U8.R9.G10.OGutzonBorglum

40.3

1.E2.E3.R4.A5.A6.D7.S8.J9.W10.MJamesDewar